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TRATON SE — Investor Presentation 2019
Jul 29, 2019
272_ip_2019-07-29_5a43d2f1-f6fc-4963-b362-1981387645a7.pdf
Investor Presentation
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H1 2019 RESULTS Munich, 29 July 2019
CHRISTIAN SCHULZ, CFO
ISIN: DE000TRAT0N7 WKN: TRAT0N Bloomberg Ticker: 8TRA GY / 8TRA SS http://ir.traton.com




DISCLAIMER
This presentation has been prepared for information purposes only. It does not constitute or form part of any offer or invitation to sell or issue, or any solicitation of any offer to purchase or subscribe for, any securities of Volkswagen AG, TRATON SE or any company of TRATON GROUP in any jurisdiction. Neither this presentation, nor any part of it, nor the fact of its distribution, shall form the basis of, or be relied on in connection with, any contractual commitment or investment decision in relation to the securities of Volkswagen AG, TRATON SE or any company of TRATON GROUP in any jurisdiction, nor does it constitute a recommendation regarding any such securities.
The following presentation contains forward-looking statements and information on the business development of the TRATON GROUP. These statements may be spoken or written and can be recognized by terms such as "expects", "anticipates", "intends", "plans", "believes", "seeks", "estimates", "will" or words with similar meaning. These statements and information are based on assumptions relating in particular to TRATON GROUP's business and operations and the development of the economies in the countries in which the TRATON GROUP is active. TRATON GROUP has made such forward-looking statements on the basis of the information available to it and assumptions it believes to be reasonable. The forwardlooking statements and information may involve risks and uncertainties, and actual results may differ materially from those forecasts. If any of these or other risks or uncertainties materialize, or if the assumptions underlying any of these statements prove incorrect, the actual results may significantly differ from those expressed or implied by such forward looking statements and information. TRATON GROUP will not update the following presentation, particularly not the forward-looking statements. The presentation is valid on the date of publication only.
Certain financial information and financial data included in this presentation are preliminary, unaudited and may be subject to revision. Due to their preliminary nature, statements contained in this presentation should not be unduly relied upon and past events or performance should not be taken as a guarantee or indication of future events or performance. Financial figures expressed in EUR might be translated from different currencies into EUR, using the exchange rate prevailing at the relevant date or for the relevant period that the relevant financial figures relate to.
All statements with regard to markets or market position(s) of TRATON SE or any company of TRATON GROUP or any of its competitors are estimates of TRATON GROUP based on data available to TRATON GROUP. Such data are neither comprehensive nor independently verified. Consequently, the data used are not adequate for and the statements based on such data are not meant to be an accurate or proper definition of regional and/or product markets or markets shares of TRATON GROUP and any of the participants in any market.
Unless otherwise stated, all amounts are shown in million of EUR. Please note that rounding differences may arise when adding or subtracting the individual items together. The percentage figures may also be subject to rounding differences because these are calculated based on whole numbers in the year-on-year or quarterly comparisons. Due to different proportions and scaling in graphs, data shown in different graphs are not comparable.

CONTENTS
TRATON GROUP Highlights
Segment Industrial Business (MAN T&B, Scania V&S and VWCO)
Segment Financial Services
Outlook

TRATON GROUP HIGHLIGHTS H1 2019

- Deliveries up by +10.0% to a first half record of 123,336 units
- Sales revenue increased by +10.4%1 to €13,541 mn; all brands contributed
- Operating profit improved significantly by +24.5% to €1,075 mn2
- RoS 7.9% (+110bpt)2
- Earnings after tax excluding minorities rose by +62.1% to €772 mn
- Net cash flow Industrial Business at €1,784 mn (before the sale of Power Engineering €-194 mn); Net liquidity Industrial Business at €689 mn (incl. recognition of IFRS 16)
- TRATON has become a SE
- TRATON SE celebrated its successful stock market debut in Frankfurt and Stockholm on June 28, 2019


1 Prior year excluding €348 mn VGSG sales revenue, which was sold as at January 01, 2019 2 Adjusted operating profit +23.1% to €1,062 mn, adjusted RoS 7.8% (+100bpt); Q1 2019 including €19 mn insurance claim Note: Delta H1 2019 vs. H1 2018
GROUP – SEGMENT HIGHLIGHTS Q2 / H1 2019
| Industrial Business (IB) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q2 19 | Y-o-Y | H1 19 | Y-o-Y | |
| Order intake (units) | 56,134 | -6.7% | 120,491 | -5.5% |
| Deliveries (units) | 66,173 | +12.3% | 123,336 | +10.0% |
| Book-to-bill | 0.85 | -17bpt | 0.98 | -16bpt |
| Sales revenue (€mn) | 7,015 | +11.3% | 13,320 | +10.4% |
| Operating profit (€mn)1 | 551 | +26.6% | 1.008 | +28.1% |
| Return on sales (%)1 | 7.9 | +95bpt | 7.6 | +105bpt |
| Earnings after tax (€mn) |
341 | +155.6% | 692 | +64.2% |
| Net cash flow (€mn) | 182 | +€476mn | 1,784 | +€2,035mn |
| Financial Services (FS) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q2 19 | Y-o-Y | H1 19 | Y-o-Y | |
| Net portfolio2 (€bn) |
9.5 | +9.0% | ||
| Penetration rate (%) | 42.5 | +7bpt | 41.5 | -7bpt |
| Sales revenue (€mn) | 216 | +7.6% | 419 | +10.3% |
| Operating profit (€mn) | 37 | +5.2% | 70 | +8.0% |
| Earnings after tax (€mn) |
27 | -4.5% | 52 | +7.1% |
- Book-to-bill mainly lower in Q2 2019 due to a noticeable decrease in truck order intake in the EU28+2 region
- Earnings after tax of the Industrial business significantly increased in Q2 2019 as a result of better financial result
- Net cash flow in the Industrial business in Q2 2019 improved considerably as a result of increased operating profit
1 Adjusted operating profit Q2 2019: +23.7% to €538 mn, adjusted RoS 7.7% (+77bpt); Adjusted operating profit H1 2019: +26.6% to €996 mn, adjusted RoS 7.5% (+100bpt); Q1 2019 including €19 mn insurance claim 2 Reflecting closing balances, as of June 30, 2019 vs. December 31, 2018; Note: Delta Q2 2019 vs. Q2 2018 / H1 2019 vs. H1 2018
GROUP – SALES REVENUE AND RETURN ON SALES


1 Calculated as the ratio of operating profit to sales revenue
2 Including €196 mn (Q1 2018) / €152 mn (Q2 2018) VGSG sales revenue, which was sold as at January 01, 2019; adjusted growth rates: Q1 2019 9.5% and Q2 2019: 11.3%
GROUP – DELIVERIES DEVELOPMENT
DELIVERIES (units)

- TRATON benefits from continued strength of its core markets
- TRATON sustains leading position in trucks in the EU28+2 region2
- Trucks deliveries increased by 14% in Q2 2019 (Q1 2019: +10%); trucks deliveries ex TGE increased by 10% in Q2 19 (Q1 19: +7%)
- Buses deliveries declined by 2% in Q2 2019 (Q1 2019: -18%)
1 Including MAN TGE vans (1,335 units in Q1 2018, 1,843 units in Q2 2018, 3,122 units in Q1 2019, 4,144 units in Q2 2019) 2 EU member states excluding Malta plus Norway and Switzerland
GROUP – STRONG SALES GROWTH IN CORE MARKETS

1 Excluding MAN TGE vans 2 EU28+2: EU member states excluding Malta plus Norway and Switzerland 3 Information shown might include estimates or preliminary data; for EUR 28+2 and Germany data collected from ACEA provisional new registrations figures as at July 24 2019, trucks ˃ 16t; for Brazil data collected from ANFAVEA trucks ˃ 6t as at July 04, 2019; South America own estimates
INDUSTRIAL BUSINESS – ORDER INTAKE

• Noticeable decrease of order intake in Q2 2019 in the EU28+2 region, driven in particular by Germany and UK • Substantial declines in Russia, India, and Turkey. Strong increase in Brazil in the wake of the economic recovery
1 Book-to-bill is defined as the ratio of trucks and bus units ordered to trucks and bus units delivered
INDUSTRIAL BUSINESS – DELIVERIES DELIVERIES (units)

- Strong growth in core truck markets
- All three brands showed positive development
INDUSTRIAL BUSINESS – SALES REVENUE AND RETURN ON SALES SALES REVENUE (€mn)

• All brands with significant increase in sales revenue in Q2 2019 and H1 2019, driven by a strong increase in Truck business
• Operating profit benefited from increase in deliveries combined with favourable product mix and fix cost leverage
• Primary R&D expenses decreased by 3% in H1 2019; capitalization rate slightly above 30%
July 29, 2019 / Investor Relations / H1 2019 Results 1 Calculated as the ratio of operating profit to sales revenue

INDUSTRIAL BUSINESS – SALES REVENUE BY BRAND AND RETURN ON SALES

Note: Figures shown as at Q2 2019 / H1 2019; percentage change calculated YoY, Q2 2019 vs. Q2 2018 / H1 2019 vs. H1 2018 1 Calculated as the ratio of operating profit to sales revenue

1 Investments in PP&E and intangible assets 2 Amongst others reflecting the Power Engineering disposal 3 Including, amongst others, €-1,109 mn payments for tendered MAN shares, €-3,250 mn contribution of capital reserves and €+4,161 mn DPLTA with VW AG

MAN TRUCK & BUS – HIGHLIGHTS H1 2019
- Total vehicle sales up by 10% during first six month primarily attributable to the growth in Germany, Brazil and the UK
- Order intake down by 8% in H1 2019 mainly due to Germany, Poland, Russia, India und Turkey
- Operating profit declined by 11%; contributions from higher sales revenues were offset by a difficult market environment for used vehicles, higher expenses (mainly depreciation) as well as increased costs ahead of the rollout of the new truck and bus generations; the prioryear period contained an earnings effect of €19 mn resulting from the transfer of the RIO brand to a TRATON GROUP company
- MAN presented the electric bus Lion's City E at the BUS2BUS fair in Berlin


MAN TRUCK & BUS – KEY FIGURES PER QUARTER
Order intake (k units) 30.2 29.4 29.9 25.0 -15.0%
Q1 18 Q2 18 Q3 18 Q4 18 Q1 19 Q2 19 Q3 19 Q4 19

Q1 18 Q2 18 Q3 18 Q4 18 Q1 19 Q2 19 Q3 19 Q4 19

Q1 18 Q2 18 Q2 19 Q3 19 Q3 18 Q4 18 Q1 19 Q4 19



Q1 18 Q2 18 Q3 18 Q4 18 Q1 19 Q2 19 Q3 19 Q4 19

Q1 18 Q2 18 Q3 18 Q4 18 Q2 19 Q1 19 Q3 19 Q4 19
1 Book-to-bill is defined as the ratio of trucks and bus units ordered to trucks and bus units delivered 2 Q2 2018 contained an earnings effect of €19 mn resulting from the transfer of the RIO brand to a TRATON GROUP company 3 Calculated as the ratio of operating profit to sales revenue
GROUP HIGHLIGHTS INDUSTRIAL BUSINESS FINANCIAL SERVICES OUTLOOK
APPENDIX
SCANIA VEHICLES & SERVICES – HIGHLIGHTS H1 2019
- Unit sales of trucks up by 14%; the growth was primarily driven by strong growth in EU28+2 and Brazil; however truck sales declined in Russia and were substantially lower in the Middle East
- Order intake declined by 7% in H1 2019; order intake for trucks was down by 6% mainly because of negative trends in the UK, Russia, and Iran
- Operating profit increased by 34% benefiting from higher volumes, positive FX effects (€+57mn) and a more favorable market mix
- The successful rollout of the new Scania truck generation in Latin America and Asia marked the end of the previous parallel production of old and new series
- Scania and its Scania R450 received the Green Truck 2019 award


SCANIA VEHICLES & SERVICES – KEY FIGURES PER QUARTER

Q1 18 Q2 18 Q3 18 Q4 18 Q2 19 Q4 19 Q1 19 Q3 19

Q1 18 Q3 19 Q2 18 Q3 18 Q4 18 Q1 19 Q2 19 Q4 19

Sales revenue (€mn) Return on sales2 Operating profit (€mn) (%)



Q1 18 Q2 18 Q3 18 Q4 18 Q1 19 Q2 19 Q3 19 Q4 19

1 Book-to-bill is defined as the ratio of trucks and bus units ordered to trucks and bus units delivered 2 Calculated as the ratio of operating profit to sales revenue
VOLKSWAGEN CAMINHÕES E ÔNIBUS – HIGHLIGHTS H1 2019
- Brazilian truck market continued to recover in tandem with the economic upturn; therefore unit sales increased and are up by 15% in H1 2019. Export sales declined on sluggish demand in other relevant markets in South America
- Operating profit benefited from the increase in sales revenue. This was offset by foreign exchange effects and inflation-related cost increases, e.g., for materials, and higher depreciation charges; H1 2019 operating profit figure includes a gain of €13 mn from reversal of a restructuring provision
- More than 3,400 Volksbus units are being delivered as part of the Caminho da Escola "Way to School" program, and a further 430 buses will be on the road to support social projects

343 331
APPENDIX
VOLKSWAGEN CAMINHÕES E ÔNIBUS – KEY FIGURES PER QUARTER

Q1 18 Q2 18 Q3 18 Q4 18 Q1 19 Q3 19 Q4 19 Q2 19
+34.4%
416 444

Q1 18 Q2 18 Q3 18 Q4 18 Q1 19 Q2 19 Q3 19 Q4 19
Sales revenue (€mn) Return on sales3 Operating profit (€mn) (%)

Q1 18 Q2 18 Q3 18 Q4 18 Q1 19 Q2 19 Q3 19 Q4 19
Book-to-bill1 Deliveries (k units) (ratio in units)

Q1 18 Q2 18 Q3 18 Q4 18 Q4 19 Q1 19 Q2 19 Q3 19

Q1 18 Q2 18 Q3 18 Q4 18 Q1 19 Q2 19 Q3 19 Q4 19
Q1 18 Q2 18 Q3 18 Q4 18 Q1 19 Q2 19 Q3 19 Q4 19
1 Book-to-bill is defined as the ratio of trucks and bus units ordered to trucks and bus units delivered 2 Q2 2019 includes an adjustment of €13 mn from the reversal of a restructuring provision 3 Calculated as the ratio of operating profit to sales revenue
FINANCIAL SERVICES OUTLOOK
APPENDIX
FINANCIAL SERVICES – SALES REVENUE AND RETURN ON SALES SALES REVENUE (€mn)

- Operating profit in Q2 2019 increased by 5% to €37 mn
- Portfolio growth and FX impacted results positively, while lower margins and increased operating cost had negative effect
1 Calculated as the ratio of operating profit to sales revenue
FINANCIAL SERVICES – NET PORTFOLIO AND PENETRATION RATE

- By the end of H1 2019 the customer finance portfolio amounted to €9.5 bn; this represents an increase of 9% compared to YE 2018
- The penetration rate on new trucks was 41.5% (H1 2018: 41.5%) in H1 2019 in those markets where Financial Services operates
1 Reflecting closing balances; net portfolio defined as gross portfolio less bad debt provisions; excl. currency effects 2 Trucks only

Source: Own calculation and estimates based on publicly available sources (ACEA, IHS Markit, ANFAVEA, …)
1 EU28+2 region consisting of EU member states excluding Malta plus Norway and Switzerland 2 In addition to the EU28+2 countries with particular focus on Germany, these markets comprise Brazil, Russia, South Africa, and Turkey

OUTLOOK GROUP – RECENT TRACK RECORD, OUTLOOK 2019 AND OVER-THE-CYCLE TARGET

Note: VGSG operations (sold as of January 2019) included in 2018
1 FY 2018: Adjusted RoS 6.4%, adjusted operating profit €1.7 bn, H1 2019: Adjusted RoS 7.8%, adjusted operating profit €1.1 bn; H1 2019 including €19 mn insurance claim proceeds 2 No adjustments applied to estimated return on sales 2019

Appendix
CONTACTS INVESTOR RELATIONS

Rolf Woller
- 49 89 360 98 335 [email protected]
TRATON SE Dachauer Str. 641 80995 Munich www.traton.com

Helga Würtele
- 49 89 360 98 334 [email protected]

Thomas Paschen
- 49 89 360 98 474 [email protected]

FINANCIAL CALENDAR
| DATE | EVENT / PUBLICATION OF |
|---|---|
| May 7, 2019 | Q1 2019 |
| July 29, 2019 |
Half-year 2019 |
| November 4, 2019 | 9-month 2019 |


SHARE DATA
SHARE DATA
| ISIN (International Securities Identification Number) | DE000TRAT0N7 |
|---|---|
| WKN (German Security Identification number) | TRAT0N |
| Common code | 196390065 |
| Stock exchange | Frankfurt Stock Exchange (Frankfurter Wertpapierbörse) & Nasdaq Stockholm (börsen) |
| Market segment | Regulated market (Prime Standard) of Frankfurt Stock Exchange & Large Cap segment of Nasdaq Stockholm |
| Bloomberg ticker | 8TRA GY / 8TRA SS |
| Reuters ticker | 8TRA.DE / 8TRA.ST |
| Shares outstanding | 500.000.000 |
| Type of share | Bearer shares / common shares |
GROUP – REGIONAL TRUCK DELIVERIES DEVELOPMENT1

1 Excluding MAN TGE vans 2 EU member states excluding Malta plus Norway and Switzerland
GROUP – OPERATING PROFIT AND RETURN ON SALES

1 Calculated as the ratio of operating profit to sales revenue
MAN TRUCK & BUS – KEY FIGURES CUMULATIVE

1 Book-to-bill is defined as the ratio of trucks and bus units ordered to trucks and bus units delivered 2 H1 2018 contained an earnings effect of €19 mn resulting from the transfer of the RIO brand to a TRATON GROUP company 2 Calculated as the ratio of operating profit to sales revenue

SCANIA VEHICLES & SERVICES – KEY FIGURES CUMULATIVE

1 Book-to-bill is defined as the ratio of trucks and bus units ordered to trucks and bus units delivered 2 Calculated as the ratio of operating profit to sales revenue
VOLKSWAGEN CAMINHÕES E ÔNIBUS – KEY FIGURES CUMULATIVE

1 Book-to-bill is defined as the ratio of trucks and bus units ordered to trucks and bus units delivered 2 Q2 2019 includes an adjustment of €13 mn from the reversal of a restructuring provision 3 Calculated as the ratio of operating profit to sales revenue

GROUP – CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT (IFRS)
| in EUR million | H1 2019 | H1 2018 |
|---|---|---|
| Sales revenue | 13,541 | 12,609 |
| Cost of sales | -10,762 | -10,094 |
| Gross profit | 2,778 | 2,515 |
| Distribution expenses | -1,214 | -1,165 |
| Administrative expenses | -502 | -511 |
| Net impairment losses on financial and contract assets | -26 | -18 |
| Other operating income | 288 | 386 |
| Other operating expenses | -249 | -344 |
| Operating profit | 1,075 | 863 |
| Share of profits and losses of equity-accounted investments | 70 | 83 |
| Interest income | 38 | 40 |
| Interest expenses | -122 | -216 |
| Other financial result | -16 | -190 |
| Financial result | -31 | -284 |
| Earnings before tax | 1,044 | 579 |
| Income tax income/expense | -251 | -153 |
| Current | -193 | -212 |
| Deferred | -57 | 59 |
| Result from continuing operations, net of tax | 794 | 426 |
| Result from discontinued operations, net of tax | -2 | 53 |
| Earnings after tax | 792 | 479 |
| of which attributable to | ||
| Noncontrolling interests | 20 | 3 |
| TRATON SE shareholders | 772 | 476 |

GROUP – CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET: ASSETS / EQUITY AND LIABILITIES (IFRS)
| in EUR million | 30.06.2019 | 31.12.2018 |
|---|---|---|
| Assets | ||
| Noncurrent assets | ||
| Intangible assets | 6,602 | 6,597 |
| Property, plant and equipment | 6,484 | 5,469 |
| Lease assets | 6,868 | 6,599 |
| Equity-accounted investments | 1,276 | 1,223 |
| Other equity investments | 49 | 37 |
| Financial services receivables | 4,547 | 4,212 |
| Other financial assets | 99 | 63 |
| Other receivables | 677 | 663 |
| Tax receivables | 47 | 50 |
| Deferred tax assets | 897 | 939 |
| 27,546 | 25,851 | |
| Current assets | ||
| Inventories | 5,610 | 4,822 |
| Trade receivables | 2,315 | 2,319 |
| Financial services receivables | 3,050 | 2,688 |
| Other financial assets | 402 | 6,371 |
| Other receivables | 856 | 939 |
| Tax receivables | 101 | 140 |
| Marketable securities | 1,477 | 98 |
| Cash, cash equivalents | 2,670 | 2,997 |
| Assets classified as held for sale | - | 157 |
| 16,480 | 20,533 | |
| Total assets | 44,026 | 46,384 |
| in EUR million | 30.06.2019 | 31.12.2018 |
|---|---|---|
| Equity and Liabilities | ||
| Equity | ||
| Subscribed capital | 500 | 10 |
| Capital reserves | 20,841 | 21,331 |
| Retained earnings | -5,573 | -2,064 |
| Other reserves | -2,704 | -2,478 |
| Equity attributable to TRATON SE shareholders | 13,065 | 16,799 |
| Noncontrolling interests | 248 | 2 |
| 13,313 | 16,801 | |
| Noncurrent liabilities | ||
| Financial liabilities | 5,553 | 5,449 |
| Tax payables | 124 | 122 |
| Other financial liabilities | 2,514 | 2,333 |
| Other liabilities | 1,885 | 1,780 |
| Deferred tax liabilities | 766 | 824 |
| Provisions for pensions | 1,737 | 1,506 |
| Provisions for taxes | 17 | 16 |
| Other provisions | 1,198 | 1,184 |
| 13,794 | 13,217 | |
| Current liabilities | ||
| Put options and compensation rights granted to noncontrolling interest shareholders | - | 1,827 |
| Financial liabilities | 6,523 | 5,366 |
| Trade payables | 2,863 | 2,969 |
| Tax payables | 122 | 125 |
| Other financial liabilities | 2,889 | 1,620 |
| Other liabilities | 3,597 | 3,263 |
| Provisions for taxes | 23 | 137 |
| Other provisions | 903 | 938 |
| Liabilities directly associated with assets classified as held for sale | - | 123 |
| 16,920 | 16,366 | |
| Total equity and liabilities | 44,026 | 46,384 |
GROUP – CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH-FLOWS (IFRS)
| in EUR million | H1 2019 | H1 2018 |
|---|---|---|
| Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 2,997 | 4,593 |
| Earnings before tax | 1,044 | 579 |
| Income taxes paid | -256 | -274 |
| Depreciation and amortization of, and impairment losses on, intangible assets, | 411 | 301 |
| property, plant and equipment, and investment property* |
||
| Amortization of and impairment losses on capitalized development costs* | 92 | 84 |
| Impairment losses on equity investments* | 0 | 0 |
| Depreciation of and impairment losses on lease assets* | 564 | 535 |
| Change in pensions | 1 | 25 |
| Gain/loss on disposal of noncurrent assets and equity investments | -4 | -13 |
| Share of profit or loss of equity-accounted investments | -70 | -272 |
| Other noncash expense/income | 43 | 446 |
| Change in inventories | -780 | -843 |
| Change in receivables (excluding financial services) | -212 | -296 |
| Change in liabilities (excluding financial liabilities) | 251 | 670 |
| Change in provisions | -13 | 4 |
| Change in lease assets | -784 | -722 |
| Change in financial services receivables | -617 | -394 |
| Cash flows from operating activities - discontinued operations | - | -152 |
| Cash flows from operating activities | -330 | -321 |
| Investments in intangible assets (excluding development costs), property, plant and equipment, and investment property |
-358 | -344 |
| Additions to capitalized development costs | -223 | -188 |
| Acquisition of other equity investments | -5 | -21 |
| Disposal of subsidiaries | 1,978 | 0 |
| Proceeds from disposal of intangible assets, property, plant and equipment, and |
||
| investment property | 18 | 31 |
| Investing activities attributable to operating acitivities | 1,410 | -522 |
| Net cash flow - continuous operations | 1,080 | -691 |
| in EUR million | H1 2019 | H1 2018 |
|---|---|---|
| Change in investments in marketable securities | -1,381 | -62 |
| Changes in loans and time deposits | 68 | 55 |
| Cash flows from investing activities - discontinued operations | - | -60 |
| Cash flows from investing activities | 97 | -589 |
| Profit transfer to Volkswagen AG | 911 | 28 |
| Compensating rights of minority shareholders | -1,109 | -116 |
| Proceeds from issuance of bonds | 1,640 | 1,400 |
| Repayments of bonds | -595 | - |
| Changes in other financial liabilities | -874 | -349 |
| Lease payments | -79 | 0 |
| Cash flows from financing activities - discontinued operations | - | 0 |
| Cash flows from financing activities | -105 | 963 |
| Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | 10 | -50 |
| Net change in cash and cash equivalents | -328 | 2 |
| Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | 2,670 | 4,596 |
*Net of impairment reversals

GROUP – ADJUSTMENTS
| Adjustments (in € mn - costs) |
2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 1H 2019 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Expense for antitrust proceedings (Scania) | 403 | |||
| Release of restructuring provisions at MAN Truck & Bus | -50 | |||
| Expenses in relation to India market exit at MAN Truck & Bus | 137 | |||
| Restructuring expenses at Volkswagen Caminhões e Ônibus |
58 | -13 |