Skip to main content

AI assistant

Sign in to chat with this filing

The assistant answers questions, extracts KPIs, and summarises risk factors directly from the filing text.

CRITICAL RESOURCES LIMITED Capital/Financing Update 2013

Dec 26, 2013

64708_rns_2013-12-26_103e5994-d426-49fe-83f9-95aacc4c5b8f.pdf

Capital/Financing Update

Open in viewer

Opens in your device viewer

ASX Release 27 December 2013

==> picture [452 x 117] intentionally omitted <==

Hobbs Pipe – Mineral Resource Update Additional Information

Sovereign Gold Company Limited (Sovereign Gold) (ASX: SOC) is providing additional information at the request of the Competent Person related to the Mineral Resource which was previously reported on the 12 December 2013, “Hobbs Pipe – Mineral Resource Update”.

An error has been identified by the Competent Person in the tabulation of the Mineral Resource. The base of the Mineral Resource reported on the 12 December 2013 was to a depth of 900 m below surface. This revised Mineral Resource estimate is reported to a depth of 700 m below surface. The original inclusion of the additional 200 m vertical metres is part of the tabulation error. Mineralization is known to be continuous from 700 m to 900 m below surface, and open beyond 900 m below surface. However at present there is insufficient data available to demonstrate with confidence that mineralization below 700 m depth has reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction and hence be reported as part of the Mineral Resource.

No information relevant to the estimation process, which is outlined in the attached Table 1 for reporting in accordance with the JORC Code, or input data, has been modified from that previously reported on 12 December 2013.

The updated Mineral Resource estimate is 770,000 ounces gold, from a total Mineral Resource estimate of 20.5 Mt at 1.1 g/t gold, at various cut-off grades.

Classification Material COG
Au (g/t)
Tonnage
(Mt)
Au
(g/t)
Au
(oz)
Indicated (Surface to 150 m depth)
Indicated (Surface to 150 m depth)
Indicated (150 m to 700 m below surface)
Oxide
Primary
Primary
0.4
0.9
0.9
0.6
0.9
3.0
1.0
8.5
1.2
18,000
96,000
320,000
Total Indicated 12.1
1.1
440,000
Inferred (Surface to 150 m depth)
Inferred (150 m to 700 m below surface)
Primary
Primary
0.5
0.9
0.2
0.6
8.2
1.1
39,000
290,000
Total Inferred 8.4
1.1
330,000
Total 20.5
1.1
770,000

Notes:

1 The Mineral Resource is reported in accordance with the JORC Code, 2012.

2 All Mineral Resource tonnes have been rounded to the nearest 100,000 tonnes.

3 Ounces have been rounded to two significant figures.

4 COG is an abbreviation for cut-off grade.

5 Top cut / top cap of 5 g/t gold has been used to reduce 8 composited samples to 5 g/t gold.

6 The Mineral Resource has been reported with a 0.4 g/t gold cut-off grade for oxide material and 0.5 g/t gold cut-off grade for primary material, from surface to a depth of 150 m below surface. From 150 m below surface to 700 m below surface a higher cut-off grade of 0.9 g/t gold has been used. The different cut-off grades used take into account potential for use of different mining methods and oxidation states of the mineralization. A mining concept study has commenced to better define possible mining methods.

Geology

The Mount Adrah Gold Project is a Mesozonal to Epizonal Intrusion-Related Gold System (IRGS) in a dilational zone located along the Gilmore Suture on the edge of a buried pluton, see Figure 1. The deposit is a structurally controlled micro-breccia within a diorite body that intrudes to the current topographic surface. The mineralization in Hobbs Pipe is predominantly monzodiorite-hosted disseminated gold in arsenopyrite and pyrite, and also native gold in stockwork quartz veins. A cross section is shown in Figure 2 and an isometric view in Figure 3. Figure 4 is an oblique cross section and drillhole location plan.

ASX Release

27 December 2013 – Page 2

==> picture [157 x 184] intentionally omitted <==

Figure 1 Location map and geological setting, EL 6372 Location of Mount Adrah relative to several world- class gold deposits situated on the Gilmour Suture and associated splays.

==> picture [281 x 266] intentionally omitted <==

Interpretation

All data available has been used to complete the interpretation which has been undertaken in plan view on 20 m spaced plans. Digital strings representing the mineralized Hobbs Pipe sharp lithological contacts were made and snapped to the drillholes. The mineralized Hobbs Pipe is roughly circular in outcrop and becomes elliptical at a depth of 500 m below surface, where the dimensions are interpreted to be approximately 180 m by 160 m in diameter.

A three-dimensional base of oxidation surface has been created from the geological logging information.

Drilling technique, sub-sampling and analysis

Drilling data used in the interpretation and estimation consists of historic and recent drillholes. Drill data varies in spacing from 20 m x 20 m to 200 m x 200 m in plan view. The drill core from recent drilling has been sampled in 2 m intervals downhole honouring the lithological contacts. Historic data has been sampled in 1 m intervals downhole. Drilling methods include diamond, reverse circulation and percussion. The recent diamond drilling is un-oriented PQ3 size drillhole near the collar with HQ3 triple tube oriented diamond core for the remainder of the drillhole. Diamond drilling has a sample recovery of 99%. Half diamond core has been submitted for analysis to an accredited laboratory. Analytical methods used include fire assay and screen fire assay for gold, and ICP-AES and ICP-MS for multi-element analysis. The historic reverse circulation and percussion drillhole data represent only approximately a quarter of the drill database. Full details of the historic sampling programmes are not available.

Estimation method

A three-dimensional solid was made by wire framing the 20 m spaced plan digital strings. This was filled with parent cells of 20 m x 20 m x 10 m with a minimum sub-cell size of 4 m x 4 m x 2 m. The block model was coded using the base of oxidation surface, oxide domain (above the oxidation surface) or primary domain (below the oxidation surface). Variograms where generated which showed continuity in all directions within the Hobbs Pipe. Investigation into the possible vertical grade layering identified in the variograms is ongoing. A two-structured spherical variogram was generated and used in an ordinary kriged estimation. Estimation was into parent cells with a discretisation of 4 x4 x 2. An octant search was used requiring four octants to be filled. The search used a minimum of 4 samples and a maximum of 18 samples from a minimum of three drillholes. The first search pass was 80 m x 100 m x 50 m, the same ratio as the variogram ranges, with a rotation of -25, 0, -85, Z, Y and X directions. The second search pass was double the first and the third search pass was triple the original search.

Classification criteria, cut-off grade and modifying factors

The Mineral Resource classification criteria used drill hole spacing as a proxy for confidence in the geological and grade continuity.

ASX Release 27 December 2013 – Page 3

Cut-off grades used are based on:

  • Proximity of mineralization to surface.

  • Potential mining methods.

  • Assumed processing and recovery values based on preliminary test work.

Surface to 150 m depth

Surface is variable between 395 mRL and 420 mRL. 270 mRL is approximately 150 m below surface. Below this, it may no longer be possible based on the amount of waste which would be required to be moved to access the mineralization by open pit mining.

Where the drilling is more densely spaced, from surface to a depth of 150 m, the Mineral Resource has been classified as an Indicated Mineral Resource for the:

  • Oxide domain, where the grade is greater 0.4 g/t gold.

  • Primary domain, where the grade is greater than 0.9 g/t gold.

Both of these areas are geologically continuous zones of material which do include some material below the cut-off grade.

In the primary domain where the drilling is more densely spaced, a shell has been generated to confine a zone of lower grade material at a 0.5 g/t gold cut-off. This has been classified as an Inferred Mineral Resource, due to the lower confidence in the continuity of the lower grade material.

The cut-off grades and depths selected for the classification to 150 m depth are based on:

  • Potential open pit mining.

  • Mineralization out cropping.

  • Gold price of A$1,300 per ounce.

  • Processing of refractory mineralization using multiple processing methods.

150 m to 700 m below surface

From 150 m depth to 700 m below surface (270 mRL to a depth of -280 mRL) a classification wireframe shell has been generated around the close spaced drilling. Inside the shell is an Indicated Mineral Resource at a 0.9 g/t gold cut-off grade. Outside this shell is an Inferred Mineral Resource at a 0.9 g/t gold cut-off grade. Both of these are geologically continuous zones which contain some grade below the 0.9 g/t gold cut-off. This cut-off grade and the classification selected is based on:

  • Potential underground mining using a smaller scale bulk mining method.

  • There is reasonable grade continuity up to 1.2 g/t gold.

  • Grade continuity deteriorates rapidly at around 1.5 g/t gold.

Below 700 m from surface

All material below 700 m depth has not been included in the Mineral Resource as there is insufficient data available to demonstrate with confidence that mineralization below 700 m depth has reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction.

A conceptual mining method study has commenced and further drilling is planned both for Hobbs Pipe and for nearby targets of interest. This additional work will aid in establishing values with which to update the classification criteria going forward.

Qualifying Statements

The information in this report that relates to the Mineral Resources is based on information compiled by Ms T Burrows, a Competent Person who is a Member and Registered Professional Geologist of The Australian Institute of Geoscientists. Ms Burrows is employed by AMC Consultants Pty Ltd. Ms Burrows has been engaged as an external independent consultant by Gossan Hill Gold Limited. Ms Burrows has sufficient experience that is relevant to the style of mineralization and type of deposit under consideration and to the activity being undertaken to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the ‘Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves’. Ms T Burrows consents to the inclusion in this report of the matters based on her information in the form and context in which it appears.

ASX Release 27 December 2013 – Page 4

==> picture [299 x 373] intentionally omitted <==

Figure 2 Oblique section looking north, Section No. 12

==> picture [268 x 403] intentionally omitted <==

Figure 3 3D View of the Hobbs Pipe 1 block model and drill holes looking toward the south-west

ASX Release

27 December 2013 – Page 5

==> picture [572 x 405] intentionally omitted <==

Figure 4 Section and drillhole location plan

ASX Release

27 December 2013 – Page 6

Table 1 for reporting in accordance with the JORC Code

Section 1 Sampling Techniques and Data

�Criteria in this section apply to all succeeding sections.)

Criteria Criteria Commentary Commentary
Sampling Nature and quality of sampling (eg cut channels, random chips, or specif- Diamond core HQ3 with ½ core samples.
techniques ic specialised industry standard measurement tools appropriate to the Diamond core HQ3 with ¼ core samples for some Screen Fire
minerals under investigation, such as down hole gamma sondes, or Assays.
handheld XRF instruments, etc). These examples should not be taken as
limiting the broad meaning of sampling.
Consistent cut distance 1 cm to the right of the orientation or
mark up line to reduce potential of bias, and to leave the
Include reference to measures taken to ensure sample representivity orientation line in the tray
and the appropriate calibration of any measurement tools or systems Fire Assay and Screen Fire Assay Gold. Gold is predominantly
used. held in sulphides within disseminated sericite - sulphide
Aspects of the determination of mineralisation that are Material to the alteration. Gold is occasionally visible in quartz veins.
Public Report. ½ core HQ3 was sent to ALS laboratories on a 2m sample
length basis and was pulverised to produce a 30g charge for fire
In cases where ‘industry standard’ work has been done this would be assay (Au_AA25), and 4 acid digestion for 48 element ICP-AES
relatively simple (eg ‘reverse circulation drilling was used to obtain 1 m and ICP-MS analysis (ME-MS61)
samples from which 3 kg was pulverised to produce a 30 g charge for
fire assay’). In other cases more explanation may be required, such as
where there is coarse gold that has inherent sampling problems. Unusu-
al commodities or mineralisation types (eg submarine nodules) may war-
rant disclosure of detailed information.

Screen Fire Assay on visible gold intercepts, on either full 2m
sample lengths or on individual quartz veins that are expected to
carry high grade gold.
Historic reverse circulation (RC) air track (percussion) drilling
was undertaken. There are no records of sampling methods in
the available reports. Assay was by fire assay and Aqua Regia.
Drilling tech- Drill type (eg core, reverse circulation, open-hole hammer, rotary air Diamond core, un-oriented HQ3 (Vertical hole)
niques blast, auger, Bangka, sonic, etc) and details (eg core diameter, triple or Diamond core, oriented HQ3
standard tube, depth of diamond tails, face-sampling bit or other type,
whether core is oriented and if so, by what method, etc).

Diamond core, un-oriented PQ3 for hole collars
Historic drilling includes RC, diamond and air track (RAB
equivalent).
Drill sample Method of recording and assessing core and chip sample recoveries and
Core is drilled by HQ triple tube (HQ3) to maximise recovery.
recovery results assessed. Recovery is approximately 99% based on 2,290 measured
Measures taken to maximise sample recovery and ensure representative intervals.
There is no relationshipbetween recoveryandgrade in diamond

ASX Release

27 December 2013 – Page 7

Criteria Criteria Commentary Commentary
nature of the samples. drill holes, correlation coefficient is -0.03.
Whether a relationship exists between sample recovery and grade and There is no record of sample recovery for the historic drillholes.
whether sample bias may have occurred due to preferential loss/gain of
fine/coarse material.
Logging Whether core and chip samples have been geologically and geotechni- Core has been logged for lithology and structural data, including
cally logged to a level of detail to support appropriate Mineral Resource recovery and RQD measurements.
estimation, mining studies and metallurgical studies. Core trays photographed and samples collected for specific
Whether logging is qualitative or quantitative in nature. Core (or costean, gravity measurement.
channel, etc) photography. All core is logged, all core logged to the same standard.
The total length and percentage of the relevant intersections logged. Historic holes have been logged for lithology and weathering /
oxidation.
Sub-sampling If core, whether cut or sawn and whether quarter, half or all core taken. ½ Core cut with a core saw.
techniques
and sample
preparation
If non-core, whether riffled, tube sampled, rotary split, etc and whether
sampled wet or dry.

¼ Core cut with a core saw for submission for metallurgical
assessment.
Sample preparation by accredited laboratory. High quality and
For all sample types, the nature, quality and appropriateness of the appropriate preparation technique for assay methods in use.
sample preparation technique. Consistent sampling of core at 2m intervals, this is appropriate
Quality control procedures adopted for all sub-sampling stages to maxim- given known grade homogeneity and observed mineralisation.
ise representivity of samples. At this time no field duplicates have been submitted, half or
Measures taken to ensure that the sampling is representative of the in quarter core in storage if required for future analysis.
situ material collected, including for instance results for field dupli- Sample sizes are appropriate to the grain size of the material
cate/second-half sampling. being sampled.
Whether sample sizes are appropriate to the grain size of the material Details of the historic RC sampling programme are not available.
being sampled.
Quality of as- The nature, quality and appropriateness of the assaying and laboratory For diamond core fire assay for gold and ICP-AES and ICP-MS for
say data and procedures used and whether the technique is considered partial or to- multi-element analysis. Techniques considered total for the type
laboratory tal. of mineralization sampled.
tests For geophysical tools, spectrometers, handheld XRF instruments, etc, the
parameters used in determining the analysis including instrument make

For diamond core Screen Fire Assay for visible gold intercepts or
where coarse gold is predicted to occur.
and model, reading times, calibrations factors applied and their deriva- At this time no blanks, standards, field, course reject or pulp
tion, etc. duplicates have been submitted to the laboratory for testing. A
QA/QCprogramme isplanned for submission of the above at a

ASX Release

27 December 2013 – Page 8

Criteria Criteria Commentary Commentary
Nature of quality control procedures adopted (eg standards, blanks, du- rate of 1:20 for all new holes. A blind repeat programme will be
plicates, external laboratory checks) and whether acceptable levels of established for existing assayed intervals.
accuracy (ie lack of bias) and precision have been established. Historic holes were assayed by a combination of Aqua Regia,
Fire Assay and unspecified AAS.
There is very little QA/QC available for the historic samples.
Verification of The verification of significant intersections by either independent or al- No twinned holes have been drilled. Historic RC drill data
sampling and ternative company personnel. supports the grade ranges from new diamond drill holes.
assaying The use of twinned holes. Review of the grade distribution between the diamond and the
historic RC holes indicates that it is possible the RC holes are
Documentation of primary data, data entry procedures, data verification, bias low compared to the diamond drill holes. This is in the
data storage (physical and electronic) protocols. process of being reviewed.
Discuss any adjustment to assay data. There are no samples of the historic drill holes of sufficient size
for re assay submission. Some sample remnants are in some
chip trays at the Londonderry Core library.
At this time there are no processes or procedures guiding data
collection, collation, verification and storage. Implementation
and development of procedures and documentation are
currently being planned.
There are no adjustments to the assay data.
Location of Accuracy and quality of surveys used to locate drill holes (collar and Current drilling sited using hand held Garmin GPSMAP® 62sc.
data points down-hole surveys), trenches, mine workings and other locations used in Digital survey tool used for down hole surveying
Mineral Resource estimation. DGPS Collar location and RL data will be undertaken going
Specification of the grid system used. forward.
Quality and adequacy of topographic control. All recently drilled holes will where possible be re surveyed using
DGPS at the completion of the next drilling programme.
All current data is in MGA94 (Zone 55).
Historic data has been converted to in MGA94 (Zone 55).
Historic data collar co-ordinates have been confirmed as being
/in the correct position/ within 1m/ in MGA94 (Zone 55) by or is
this yet to be done.
Digital topographic data is available from a detailed DTM survey
undertaken in 1997. The accuracy of the data at a project scale
is yet to be assessed but is assumed to be reasonable.

ASX Release

27 December 2013 – Page 9

Criteria Criteria Commentary Commentary
Data spacing Data spacing for reporting of Exploration Results. There is sufficient data and it is sufficiently closely spaced to
and distribu-
tion
Whether the data spacing and distribution is sufficient to establish the
degree of geological and grade continuity appropriate for the Mineral
establish a reasonable geological interpretation in the area of
interest. The data available also provided continuity of
mineralization and a local scale.
Resource and Ore Reserve estimation procedure(s) and classifications
applied.
Current drill spacing of 200m x 200m down to 20m x 20m
allows for the reporting of a Mineral Resource.
Whether sample compositing has been applied. Samples have not been composited but 2m half core sample
lengths have been submitted for assay on the basis of the gold
mineralization being homogenous.
Orientation of Whether the orientation of sampling achieves unbiased sampling of pos- Current drilling has employed core orientation device for all
data in rela- sible structures and the extent to which this is known, considering the holes with the exception of GHD001 which was a vertical hole.
tion to geolog-
ical structure
deposit type.
If the relationship between the drilling orientation and the orientation of
Significant orientated structural data on geological and structure
features have been collected.
key mineralised structures is considered to have introduced a sampling The geological area of interest is vertical at approximately 180m
bias, this should be assessed and reported if material. x 160m in diameter. Diamond holes have been from numerous
directions, vertical holes have also been drilled.
Given the style and nature of the mineralization observed, drill
angle relative to structure or vein orientation is not considered
relevant at this stage with respect to sample bias.
Sample secu- The measures taken to ensure sample security. Current core samples are securely stored at a private facility.
rity
Audits or re- The results of any audits or reviews of sampling techniques and data. As part of the block model estimation and Mineral Resource
views report a high level review of data collection, collation, storage
and procedures has been undertaken. The data has been found
to be in good condition. The lack of documented procedures and
QA/QC is has been commented upon and plans are being
generated to rectify outstanding issues going forward. Where
practicable previous drilling and historic data will be validated as
well.

ASX Release 27 December 2013 – Page 10

==> picture [33 x 32] intentionally omitted <==

Section 2 Reporting of Exploration Results

(Criteria listed in the preceding section also apply to this section.)

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary Commentary
Mineral tene- Type, reference name/number, location and ownership including agree- EL6372 held 100% by Tasman Goldfields NSW Pty Ltd, a
ment and land
ments or material issues with third parties such as joint ventures, part-
wholly owned subsidiary of Gossan Hill Gold Limited, itself a
tenure status nerships, overriding royalties, native title interests, historical sites, wil- majority owned subsidiary of Sovereign Gold Company Ltd
derness or national park and environmental settings. (ASX: SOC).
The security of the tenure held at the time of reporting along with any
known impediments to obtaining a licence to operate in the area.
Tenure is current and in good standing. There are no
extraordinary impediments to obtaining a licence to operate
in the area.
Exploration Acknowledgment and appraisal of exploration by other parties. Historic work undertaken by Getty Oil, Cyprus Australis,
done by other Michelago and Golden Cross Resources have contributed to
parties the current project development. Soils, airborne magnetics,
rotary air blast (RAB), Airtrack, RC, diamond drilling, and
some resource estimation work has been completed
previously. Work was undertaken to a high standard, there
was a lack of conceptualization and testing of geological
models for deeper targets and targets with a better
understanding of modern day economic geology deposit
models.
Geology Deposit type, geological setting and style of mineralisation. Mesozonal to Epizonal Intrusion-Related Gold System (IRGS)
located along the Gilmore Suture on the edge of a buried
pluton.
Drill hole In- A summary of all information material to the understanding of the explo- No exploration results are being reported at this time.
formation ration results including a tabulation of the following information for all
Material drill holes:
o easting and northing of the drill hole collar
o elevation or RL (Reduced Level – elevation above sea level in metres)
of the drill hole collar
o dip and azimuth of the hole
o down hole length and interception depth
o hole length.
If the exclusion of this information isjustified on the basis that the infor-

ASX Release 27 December 2013 – Page 11

==> picture [33 x 32] intentionally omitted <==

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary Commentary
mation is not Material and this exclusion does not detract from the un-
derstanding of the report, the Competent Person should clearly explain
why this is the case.
Data aggrega- In reporting Exploration Results, weighting averaging techniques, maxi- No exploration results are being reported at this time.
tion methods mum and/or minimum grade truncations (eg cutting of high grades) and
cut-off grades are usually Material and should be stated.
Where aggregate intercepts incorporate short lengths of high grade re-
sults and longer lengths of low grade results, the procedure used for
such aggregation should be stated and some typical examples of such
aggregations should be shown in detail.
The assumptions used for any reporting of metal equivalent values
should be clearly stated.
Relationship These relationships are particularly important in the reporting of Explora- Approximate true width from 110 m to 180 m, approximate
between min- tion Results. minimum depth 900 m.
eralisation
widths and If the geometry of the mineralisation with respect to the drill hole angle is
intercept known, its nature should be reported.
lengths If it is not known and only the down hole lengths are reported, there
should be a clear statement to this effect (eg ‘down hole length, true
width not known’).
Diagrams Appropriate maps and sections (with scales) and tabulations of inter- See attached report.
cepts should be included for any significant discovery being reported
These should include, but not be limited to a plan view of drill hole collar
locations and appropriate sectional views.
Balanced re- Where comprehensive reporting of all Exploration Results is not practi- No exploration results are being reported at this time.
porting cable, representative reporting of both low and high grades and/or
widths should be practiced to avoid misleading reporting of Exploration
Results.
Other sub- Other exploration data, if meaningful and material, should be reported No exploration results are being reported at this time.
stantive explo- including (but not limited to): geological observations; geophysical survey
ration data results; geochemical survey results; bulk samples – size and method of
treatment; metallurgical test results; bulk density, groundwater, ge-
otechnical and rock characteristics; potential deleterious or contaminat-

ASX Release

27 December 2013 – Page 12

==> picture [33 x 32] intentionally omitted <==

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary Commentary
ing substances.
Further work The nature and scale of planned further work (eg tests for lateral exten- Test for lateral and depth extensions, resource definition and
sions or depth extensions or large-scale step-out drilling). for further mineralised monzodioritic pipes via geochemical
Diagrams clearly highlighting the areas of possible extensions, including
the main geological interpretations and future drilling areas, provided
this information is not commercially sensitive.
orientation, geophysical survey and further drilling.
Resource definition drilling proposed aim would be to
drillholes capable of providing adequate geotechnical, and
metallurgical samples to aid in project development.
Further drill testing of Hobbs-proximal IP and geological
targets.

Section 3 Estimation and Reporting of Mineral Resources

(Criteria listed in section 1, and where relevant in section 2, also apply to this section.)

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary Commentary
Database in- Measures taken to ensure that data has not been corrupted by, for ex- Drill data was loaded into CAE Datamine Studio and Visor
tegrity ample, transcription or keying errors, between its initial collection and its and reviewed for
use for Mineral Resource estimation purposes.
The same number of records contained in the
Data validation procedures used. Excel file was in the Datamine files, after the data was
imported.

All collar co-ordinates were within the permit
area.

Duplicate drillholes.

Overlapping FROM and TO intervals values in
the geology, oxidation state, assay, density, core size, and
recovery tables.

Downhole survey dip and bearing angles ap-
pear reasonable.

Duplicate records.

Any anomalous assay, density, of sample re-
covery values.
To review alpha data field’s lists of unique values were made
for:
- Lithology.

ASX Release 27 December 2013 – Page 13

==> picture [33 x 32] intentionally omitted <==

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary Commentary
- Oxidation state.
- Core size.
- Drillhole type.
A review vertical collar positions against topography
identified some issues with the GPS surveyed heights (Z
position) of the drillholes. This issue will be dealt with by
using a DGPS or surveyor where required at the end of the
next drill programme. At this time the collars where married
to the topographic surface provided. Due to the nature and
style of the mineralization the tonnage and grade estimation
will not be effected but the vertical movement of the
drillholes.
Site visits Comment on any site visits undertaken by the Competent Person and the
The competent person has not visited the site. All relevant
outcome of those visits. data was available digitally, no data collection activities have
If no site visits have been undertaken indicate why this is the case. been undertaken since the competent person joined the
project. The competent person has met with the exploration
manager on numerous occasions to discuss geology, data
collection and collation. Site visits are proposed as part of
project development.
Geological Confidence in (or conversely, the uncertainty of ) the geological interpre- All data available has been used to generate a geological
interpretation tation of the mineral deposit. integration.
Nature of the data used and of any assumptions made. It is understood the gold mineralization is confined to a
quartz-monzonite intrusion.
The effect, if any, of alternative interpretations on Mineral Resource es- Gold mineralisation occurs is associated with disseminated
timation. pyrite and arsenopyrite within pyrite-sericite-albite alteration
The use of geology in guiding and controlling Mineral Resource estima- of the host.
tion. The mineralised stock is roughly circular in outcrop, 160m in
The factors affecting continuity both of grade and geology. diameter with near-vertical walls and reasonably sharp
lithological contacts. At depth the stock becomes more
elliptical and at a depth of 500 m below surface is
interpreted to be approximately 180 m by 160 m in
diameter.
The interpretation has been undertaken in plan on 20m
spaced sections and where the digital strings have been
snapped to the drillholes.
The sectionalplan interpretation was wireframed to make a

ASX Release 27 December 2013 – Page 14

==> picture [33 x 32] intentionally omitted <==

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary Commentary
three-dimensional (3D) solid.
Care was taken to not expand the intrusion beyond the know
data and thus increase without support the total tonnage.
There is no other geological interpretation. Additional detail
or domaining of grade distribution within the intrusion may
be able to be undertaken with the addition of more drill data.
Data coverage though sparse at depth is reasonable and it is
anticipated that additional drilling will support the current
interpretation.
Dimensions The extent and variability of the Mineral Resource expressed as length The mineralised stock is roughly circular in outcrop, 160m in
(along strike or otherwise), plan width, and depth below surface to the diameter. At depth the stock becomes more elliptical and at
upper and lower limits of the Mineral Resource. a depth of 500 m below surface is interpreted to be
approximately 180 m by 160 m in diameter. Current depth
of mineralization is approximately 900 m.
Estimation The nature and appropriateness of the estimation technique(s) applied Gold was the only element estimated.
and modelling and key assumptions, including treatment of extreme grade values, do- Samples were composited to 1m the mean sampling length
techniques maining, interpolation parameters and maximum distance of extrapola- (historic samples average 1m assay intervals)
tion from data points. If a computer assisted estimation method was
chosen include a description of computer software and parameters
used.
Top-cap was applied to the composted samples, at 5 g/t, the
99.9thpercentile, this removed 8 intervals from3,498
composite samples.
The availability of check estimates, previous estimates and/or mine pro- The 3D intrusion wireframe solid has been filled with cells.
duction records and whether the Mineral Resource estimate takes ap- An oxidation model has been made between an oxidation
propriate account of such data. surface generated from drillhole logging and the topographic
The assumptions made regarding recovery of by-products. surface.
Estimation of deleterious elements or other non-grade variables of eco-
nomic significance (eg sulphur for acid mine drainage characterisation).

The block model is cut to the topographic surface.
Drill spacing is from 20m x 20m to 200m x 200m.
In the case of block model interpolation, the block size in relation to the The block model parent cells are 20m x 20m x 10m in X x Y x
Z.
average sample spacing and the search employed. Sub celling to 4m x 4m x 2m.
Any assumptions behind modelling of selective mining units. Semi –variograms where generated which showed
Any assumptions about correlation between variables. anisotropy, with the variance not reaching the sill in the X
and Y directions. In Z the variance crosses the sill indicating
Description of how thegeological interpretation was used to control the possible layeringingrade. Lowgrade bands are visible in the

ASX Release 27 December 2013 – Page 15

==> picture [33 x 32] intentionally omitted <==

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary Commentary
resource estimates. drillholes in three locations within the intrusion, these low
Discussion of basis for using or not using grade cutting or capping. grade bands are not visible in core and will be further
investigated.
The process of validation, the checking process used, the comparison of A two-structure spherical model was fitted to the variogram.
model data to drill hole data, and use of reconciliation data if available. The search first search pass is 80m x 100m by 50m to
encompass the drilling, this is the same ratio as the
variogram ranges, with a rotation of -25,0,-85 in Z, Y and X
directions.
The second search pass is double and third search pass
triple the original search.
An octant search was used where 4 octants were required to
be filled.
The minimum samples 4 and maximum 18 with a minimum
of 3 drillholes needing to be sourced for grade.
Ordinary kriging was used with parent cell estimation.
Discretisation of 4 x4 x 2 points.
An inverse distance squared estimation was also
undertaken, the global grades are within less then +/-3 of
the ordinary kriged estimation.
The volume of the intrusion solid was calculated and the
volume of the block model was calculated, there is a
difference of 1%.
Swath plots (moving average plots) have been calculated in
the vertical direction. These show reasonable correlation
between the block model grades and the composite
samples.
Moisture Whether the tonnages are estimated on a dry basis or with natural mois- The rock is tight no allowance has been made for moisture.
ture, and the method of determination of the moisture content.
Cut-off pa- The basis of the adopted cut-off grade(s) or quality parameters applied. A hard geological boundary has been used for the grade
rameters estimation.
Mining factors
Assumptions made regarding possible mining methods, minimum mining

It has been assumed that the deposit is able to be mined by
or assump- dimensions and internal (or, if applicable, external) mining dilution. It is open pit methods to a point at which a strip ratio exceeds
tions always necessary as part of the process of determining reasonable pro- 1:8. Without any supporting mine planning or geotechnical
spects for eventual economic extraction to considerpotential mining studyit has been estimated that this willplace the floor of an

ASX Release 27 December 2013 – Page 16

==> picture [33 x 32] intentionally omitted <==

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary Commentary
methods, but the assumptions made regarding mining methods and pa- open pit at around 500m below surface. At this point it is
rameters when estimating Mineral Resources may not always be rigor- assumed that any further mining will be done from
ous. Where this is the case, this should be reported with an explanation underground using a bulk mining method at this time there
of the basis of the mining assumptions made. are no supporting studies for mining potential. The
competent person has reviewed other deposits of similar
size formed the opinion that a bulk underground mining
method may be applicable.
A conceptual mining study is planned for the short to
medium term.
Metallurgical The basis for assumptions or predictions regarding metallurgical ame- There is some historic and more recent test work that
factors or as- nability. It is always necessary as part of the process of determining rea- indicates that processing will be via a flotation and a BIOX
sumptions sonable prospects for eventual economic extraction to consider potential route. Further mineralogical and processing test work is
metallurgical methods, but the assumptions regarding metallurgical required to take place.
treatment processes and parameters made when reporting Mineral Re-
sources may not always be rigorous. Where this is the case, this should
be reported with an explanation of the basis of the metallurgical as-
sumptions made.
Environmen- Assumptions made regarding possible waste and process residue dis- Mt Adrah is at the south-eastern end of a mining belt with
tal factors or posal options. It is always necessary as part of the process of determin- historic mining nearby.
assumptions ing reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction to consider To the competent persons knowledge at this time there is no
the potential environmental impacts of the mining and processing opera- reason to anticipate any more than the normal difficulties
tion. While at this stage the determination of potential environmental associated with the development of a new project.
impacts, particularly for a greenfields project, may not always be well ad-
vanced, the status of early consideration of these potential environmen-
tal impacts should be reported. Where these aspects have not been con-
sidered this should be reported with an explanation of the environmental
assumptions made.
Bulk density Whether assumed or determined. If assumed, the basis for the assump- 97 bulk density measurements, using Archimedes method,
tions. If determined, the method used, whether wet or dry, the frequency have been made from recently drilled core. At this time is
of the measurements, the nature, size and representativeness of the appears that only 3 samples lie within the 20m deep oxide
samples. domain at surface. These three samples indicate the oxide
The bulk density for bulk material must have been measured by methods
that adequately account for void spaces (vugs, porosity, etc), moisture
and differences between rock and alteration zones within the deposit.

domain has the same bulk density as the fresh rock 2.7 t/m3
In the competent persons opinion it is reasonable to assume
that the partially oxidised and oxidised material at surface
may have a lower bulk density. Further bulk density samples
Discuss assumptions for bulk density estimates used in the evaluation in thepartiallyoxidised and oxidised material will be

ASX Release 27 December 2013 – Page 17

==> picture [33 x 32] intentionally omitted <==

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
process of the different materials. collected as part of the next drilling programme.

A bulk density of 2.7 t/m3has been used for fresh rock and
2.4 t/m3has been used for the partially oxidised and
oxidised material within 20m of surface.

The rock is tight and few voids are intersected in the drilling,
no allowance has been made for voids or vugs.
Classification The basis for the classification of the Mineral Resources into varying con- The Mineral Resource classification criteria used drill hole spac-
fidence categories. ing as a proxy for confidence in the geological and grade continu-
Whether appropriate account has been taken of all relevant factors (ie ity.
relative confidence in tonnage/grade estimations, reliability of input da- Cut-off grades used are based on:
ta, confidence in continuity of geology and metal values, quality, quantity
and distribution of the data).

Proximity of mineralization to surface.

Potential mining methods.
Whether the result appropriately reflects the Competent Person’s view of
the deposit.

Assumed processing and recovery values based on
preliminary test work.
Surface is variable between 395 mRL and 420 mRL. 270 mRL is
approximately 150 m below surface. Below this, it may no longer be
possible based on the amount of waste which would be required to
be moved to access the mineralization by open pit mining.
Where the drilling is more densely spaced, from surface to a
depth of 150 m, the Mineral Resource has been classified as an
Indicated Mineral Resource for the:

Oxide domain, where the grade is greater 0.4 g/t gold.

Primary domain, where the grade is greater than 0.9 g/t
gold.
Both of these areas are geologically continuous zones of material
which do include some material below the cut-off grade.
In the primary domain where the drilling is more densely spaced, a
shell has been generated to confine a zone of lower grade material
at a 0.5 g/t gold cut-off. This has been classified as an Inferred
Mineral Resource, due to the lower confidence in the continuity of
the lower grade material.
The cut-offgrades and depths selected for the classification to 150

ASX Release 27 December 2013 – Page 18

==> picture [33 x 32] intentionally omitted <==

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
m depth are based on:

Potential open pit mining.

Mineralization out cropping.

Gold price of A$1,300 per ounce.

Processing pf refractory mineralization using multiple
processing methods.
From 150 m depth to 700 m below surface (270 mRL to a depth
of -280 mRL) a classification wireframe shell has been generat-
ed around the close spaced drilling. Inside the shell is an Indi-
cated Mineral Resource at a 0.9 g/t gold cut-off grade. Outside
this shell is an Inferred Mineral Resource at a 0.9 g/t gold cut-off
grade. Both of these are geologically continuous zones which
contain some grade below the 0.9 g/t gold cut-off. This cut-off
grade and the classification selected is based on:

Potential underground mining using a smaller scale bulk
mining method.

There is reasonable grade continuity up to 1.2 g/t gold.

Grade continuity deteriorates rapidly at around 1.5 g/t
gold.
All material below 700 m depth has not been included in the
Mineral Resource as there is insufficient data available to
demonstrate with confidence that mineralization below 700 m
depth has reasonable prospects for eventual economic extrac-
tion.
Audits or re- The results of any audits or reviews of Mineral Resource estimates.
No audits have been completed at this time.
views
Discussion of Where appropriate a statement of the relative accuracy and confidence
There are no historic production records.
relative accu-
racy/ confi-
level in the Mineral Resource estimate using an approach or procedure
deemed appropriate by the Competent Person. For example, the applica-

The tonnage and grade estimation is a global estimate to be
used for:
dence tion of statistical or geostatistical procedures to quantify the relative ac-
curacy of the resource within stated confidence limits, or, if such an ap-
proach is not deemed appropriate, a qualitative discussion of the factors

Assessing whether there is a potential mining
project and the project economics.
that could affect the relative accuracy and confidence of the estimate.
Assessing a potential mining method.

27 December 2013 – Page 19

==> picture [33 x 32] intentionally omitted <==

ASX Release

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
The statement should specify whether it relates to global or local esti-
Targeting additional project development and
mates, and, if local, state the relevant tonnages, which should be rele- resource infill drilling.
vant to technical and economic evaluation. Documentation should in-
clude assumptions made and the procedures used.

The output of any potential mining assessment
will be used as a basis to collect relevant technical infor-
These statements of relative accuracy and confidence of the estimate mation going forward.
should be compared with production data, where available. The competent person anticipates that there is likely to be
few difficulties in collecting data and additional under-
standing for the geological context which is relatively
straight forward.
Further work is required to understand the grade distribu-
tion within the intrusion. With increased data it may be
possible to domain areas of high and low grade. Grade
distribution at a local scale will increase in importance if
selective mining methods are proposed.
Further detailed work is required in the proposed pro-
cessing method. Current testing indicates that processing
with a reasonable recovery using known techniques is
possible.
Work needs to commence on the collection of geotech-
nical information.