Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND INDEPENDENT
AUDITORS' REPORT
DECEMBER 31, 2024 AND 2023

For the convenience of readers and for information purpose only, the auditors' report and the accompanying financial statements have been translated into English from the original Chinese version prepared and used in the Republic of China. In the event of any discrepancy between the English version and the original Chinese version or any differences in the interpretation of the two versions, the Chinese-language auditors' report and financial statements shall prevail.

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INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT TRANSLATED FROM CHINESE

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Y.C.C. Parts Mfg. Co., Ltd.

Opinion

We have audited the accompanying parent company only balance sheets of Y.C.C. Parts Mfg. Co., Ltd. (the “Company”) as at December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the related parent company only statements of comprehensive income, of changes in equity and of cash flows for the years then ended, and notes to the parent company only financial statements, including a summary of material accounting policies.

In our opinion, the accompanying parent company only financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the parent company only financial position of the Company as at December 31, 2024 and 2023, and its parent company only financial performance and its parent company only cash flows for the years then ended in accordance with the Regulations Governing the Preparation of Financial Reports by Securities Issuers and the International Financial Reporting Standards, International Accounting Standards, IFRIC Interpretations, and SIC Interpretations that came into effect as endorsed by the Financial Supervisory Commission.

Basis for opinion

We conducted our audits in accordance with the Regulations Governing Financial Statement Audit and Attestation Engagements of Certified Public Accountants and Standards on Auditing of the Republic of China. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditors’ responsibilities for the audit of the consolidated financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the Company in accordance with the Norm of Professional Ethics for Certified Public Accountant of the Republic of China, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

Key audit matters

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our audit of the Company’s 2024 parent company only financial statements. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the parent company only financial statements as a whole and, in forming our opinion thereon, we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters.

Key audit matters for the Company’s 2024 parent company only financial statements are stated as follows:

Cut-off of sales revenue recognition

Description

For the accounting policy of revenue recognition, please refer to Note 4(29); and for details of operating revenue, please refer to Note 6(19). The Company is primarily engaged in manufacturing and trading automobile parts. Sale revenue is recognised when the control over the goods was transferred under the transaction terms. The sales revenue recognition involves the use of several manual judgements and procedures. As a result, the timing of sales revenue recognition may be inappropriate, which also affected the Company’s subsidiary accounted for using equity method. Therefore, we included the cut-off of sales revenue recognition as one of the key areas of focus for this year.

How our audit addressed the matter

Our audit procedures in relation to the above key audit matter included:

Understanding and evaluating the operating procedures and internal controls over sales revenue, and assessing the effectiveness on how the management controls the timing of recognizing sales revenue.
Examined the transaction documents to ensure that transactions had been recorded in the proper period for a certain period around the balance sheet date.

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Assessment of allowance for inventory valuation loss

Description

For the accounting policy of inventory assessment, please refer to Note 4(13); for accounting estimates and assumption uncertainty in relation to inventory valuation, please refer to Note 5; and for details of allowance for inventory valuation losses, please refer to Note 6(5). The Company is primarily engaged in manufacturing and trading automobile parts. Sale revenue is recognised when the control over the goods was transferred under the transaction terms.

As of December 31, 2024, the balances of inventories and allowance for inventory valuation losses were NT$ 277,687 thousand and NT$ 38,161 thousand, respectively.

The Company is primarily engaged in manufacturing and trading automobile parts. Inventories that are over a certain age and separately recognised as impaired inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Those inventory items separately identified as obsolete and damaged are corroborated against supporting documents in recognising valuation losses. Considered that the Company's inventories were material to its financial statements, and the determination of net realisable value in the balance sheet date involved judgements and estimates, which also affected the Company's subsidiary accounted for using equity method. We identified the assessment of allowance for inventory valuation losses a key audit matter.

How our audit addressed the matter

Our audit procedures in relation to the above key audit matter included:

Obtained an understanding of the nature of the Company's business and industry and assessed the reasonableness of provision policies in the determination of allowance for inventory valuation losses.

Reviewed the Company’s annual counting plan and conducted their physical counts on inventories to evaluate the control effectiveness on inventory classification.
Obtained the Company’s inventory aging report and verified dates of movements with supporting documents. Ensured the proper categorisation of inventory aging report in accordance with the Company’s policy.
Obtained the net realisable value statement of each inventory, assessed whether the estimation policy was consistently applied, tested the estimation basis of the net realisable value with relevant information, including verifying the sales and purchase prices with supporting evidence, and recalculated and evaluated the reasonableness of the inventory valuation.

Responsibilities of management and those charged with governance for the parent company only financial statements

Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the parent company only financial statements in accordance with the Regulations Governing the Preparation of Financial Reports by Securities Issuers and for such internal control as management determines is necessary to enable the preparation of parent company only financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

In preparing the parent company only financial statements, management is responsible for assessing the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless management either intends to liquidate the Company or to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so.

Those charged with governance, including the audit committee, are responsible for overseeing the Company’s financial reporting process.

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Auditors’ responsibilities for the audit of the parent company only financial statements

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the parent company only financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditors’ report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with the Standards on Auditing of the Republic of China will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these parent company only financial statements.

As part of an audit in accordance with the Standards on Auditing of the Republic of China, we exercise professional judgment and professional skepticism throughout the audit. We also:

Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the parent company only financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control.
Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control.
Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and related disclosures made by management.
Conclude on the appropriateness of management’s use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the

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Company's ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditors' report to the related disclosures in the parent company only financial statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our auditors' report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Company to cease to continue as a going concern.

Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the parent company only financial statements, including the disclosures, and whether the parent company only financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in a manner that achieves fair presentation.
Obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the financial information of the entities or business activities within the Company to express an opinion on the parent company only financial statements. We are responsible for the direction, supervision and performance of the audit. We remain solely responsible for our audit opinion.

We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit.

We also provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have complied with relevant ethical requirements regarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related safeguards.

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From the matters communicated with those charged with governance, we determine those matters that were of most significance in the audit of the parent company only financial statements of the current period and are therefore the key audit matters. We describe these matters in our auditors’ report unless law or regulation precludes public disclosure about the matter or when, in extremely rare circumstances, we determine that a matter should not be communicated in our report because the adverse consequences of doing so would reasonably be expected to outweigh the public interest benefits of such communication.

Wang, Yu-Chuan
Liu, Mei Lan
For and on behalf of PricewaterhouseCoopers, Taiwan
February 24, 2025

The accompanying financial statements are not intended to present the financial position and results of operations and cash flows in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in countries and jurisdictions other than the Republic of China. The standards, procedures and practices in the Republic of China governing the audit of such financial statements may differ from those generally accepted in countries and jurisdictions other than the Republic of China. Accordingly, the accompanying financial statements and independent auditors’ report are not intended for use by those who are not informed about the accounting principles or auditing standards generally accepted in the Republic of China, and their applications in practice.

As the financial statements are the responsibility of the management, PricewaterhouseCoopers cannot accept any liability for the use of, or reliance on, the English translation or for any errors or misunderstandings that may derive from the translation.

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Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.
BALANCE SHEETS
DECEMBER 31, 2024 AND 2023
(Expressed in thousands of New Taiwan dollars)

Assets	Notes	December 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
		AMOUNT	%	AMOUNT	%
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	6(1)	$ 478,167	10	$ 252,454	5
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss- current	6(2)	128,867	3	124,815	3
Current financial assets at amortised cost	6(3)	29,167	1	125,890	3
Notes receivable, net	6(4)	11,797	-	16,821	-
Accounts receivable, net	6(4)	324,782	6	293,989	6
Accounts receivable due from related parties, net	7(2)	22,114	-	18,108	-
Other receivables		2,276	-	9,503	-
Other receivables due from related parties	7(2)	439,100	9	633,360	12
Inventories	6(5)	239,526	5	252,903	5
Other current assets	7(2)	24,468	-	19,933	-
Total current assets		1,700,264	34	1,747,776	34
Non-current assets
Non-current financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income	6(6)	127,432	3	128,299	2
Non-current financial assets at amortised cost	6(3) and 8	300	-	300	-
Investments accounted for using equity method	6(7)	402,960	8	506,021	10
Property, plant and equipment	6(8) and 8	2,305,036	47	2,240,616	44
Right-of-use assets	6(9)	17,197	-	22,586	-
Investment property, net	6(10)	80,887	2	80,887	2
Intangible assets		1,312	-	3,357	-
Deferred tax assets	6(26)	94,464	2	95,981	2
Other non-current assets	6(11)	221,507	4	313,750	6
Total non-current assets		3,251,095	66	3,391,797	66
Total assets		$ 4,951,359	100	$ 5,139,573	100

(Continued)

Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.
BALANCE SHEETS
DECEMBER 31, 2024 AND 2023
(Expressed in thousands of New Taiwan dollars)

Liabilities and Equity	Notes	December 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
		AMOUNT	%	AMOUNT	%
Current liabilities
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit	6(2)
or loss		$ -	-	$ 2,952	-
Current contract liabilities	6(19)	3,024	-	1,866	-
Notes payable		115,943	2	178,103	3
Accounts payable		22,531	-	20,981	-
Other payables	6(12)	136,830	3	137,444	3
Current tax liabilities	6(26)	93,206	2	188,159	4
Long-term liabilities, current portion	6(13)	136,815	3	133,167	3
Other current liabilities, others	6(9)	5,279	-	5,310	-
Total current liabilities		513,628	10	667,982	13
Non-current liabilities
Long-term borrowings	6(13)	311,489	7	446,846	9
Current tax liabilities-non-current	6(26)	969	-	56,283	1
Deferred tax liabilities	6(26)	1,378	-	-	-
Other non-current liabilities	6(9)(14)(15)	14,041	-	22,587	-
Total non-current liabilities		327,877	7	525,716	10
Total liabilities		841,505	17	1,193,698	23
Equity
Share capital	6(16)
Share capital - common stock		741,239	15	741,239	14
Capital surplus	6(17)
Capital surplus		1,193,369	24	1,193,349	24
Retained earnings	6(18)
Legal reserve		427,883	9	383,999	8
Special reserve		94,043	2	109,142	2
Unappropriated retained earnings		1,733,942	35	1,612,189	31
Other equity interest
Other equity interest		( 80,622)	( 2)	( 94,043)	( 2)
Total equity		4,109,854	83	3,945,875	77
Significant contingent liabilities and unrecognised contract commitments	9
Total liabilities and equity		$ 4,951,359	100	$ 5,139,573	100

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.
STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2024 AND 2023
(Expressed in thousands of New Taiwan dollars, except earnings per share amounts)

Items	Notes	Year ended December 31
		2024		2023
		AMOUNT	%	AMOUNT	%
Sales revenue	6(19) and 7(2)	$ 1,526,367	100	$ 1,456,959	100
Operating costs	6(5)(24)(25) and 7(2)	( 819,996)	( 54)	( 773,514)	( 53)
Net operating margin		706,371	46	683,445	47
Operating expenses	6(24)(25)
Selling expenses		( 113,934)	( 8)	( 113,412)	( 8)
General and administrative expenses		( 63,616)	( 4)	( 64,871)	( 4)
Research and development expenses		( 63,787)	( 4)	( 59,655)	( 4)
Impairment loss (impairment gain and reversal of impairment loss) determined in accordance with IFRS 9	12(2)
Total operating expenses		( 241,337)	( 16)	( 238,105)	( 16)
Operating profit		465,034	30	445,340	31
Non-operating income and expenses
Interest income	6(20) and 7(2)	38,805	3	49,049	3
Other income	6(21) and 7(2)	38,994	3	51,591	4
Other gains and losses	6(22)	111,309	7	68,815	5
Finance costs	6(23)	( 9,629)	( 1)	( 10,644)	( 1)
Share of loss of associates and joint ventures	6(7)
accounted for using equity method		( 165,350)	( 11)	( 56,750)	( 4)
Total non-operating income and expenses		14,129	1	102,061	7
Profit before income tax		479,163	31	547,401	38
Income tax expense	6(26)	( 107,551)	( 7)	( 111,740)	( 8)
Profit from continuing operations		371,612	24	435,661	30
Profit for the period		$ 371,612	24	$ 435,661	30
Other comprehensive income
Components of other comprehensive income that will not be reclassified to profit or loss
Gains on remeasurements of defined benefit plans	6(15)	$ 1,622	-	$ 3,972	-
Unrealised gains (losses) from investments in equity instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income	6(6)	( 867)	-	26,304	2
Income tax related to components of other comprehensive income that will not be reclassified to profit or loss	6(26)	( 324)	-	( 794)	-
Components of other comprehensive income that will not be reclassified to profit or loss		431	-	29,482	2
Components of other comprehensive income that will be reclassified to profit or loss
Financial statements translation differences of foreign operations		14,288	1	( 11,205)	( 1)
Components of other comprehensive income that will be reclassified to profit or loss		14,288	1	( 11,205)	( 1)
Total other comprehensive income for the year		$ 14,719	1	$ 18,277	1
Total comprehensive income for the year		$ 386,331	25	$ 453,938	31
Basic earnings per share	6(27)
Basic earnings per share		$ 5.01		$ 5.88
Diluted earnings per share		$ 5.00		$ 5.86

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.
STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2024 AND 2023
(Expressed in thousands of New Taiwan dollars)

	Notes	Ordinary share	Capital surplus, additional paid-in capital	Retained earnings			Other equity interest		Total equity
				Legal reserve	Special reserve	Unappropriated retained earnings	Exchange differences on translation of foreign financial statements	Unrealised gains (losses) from financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income
Year 2023
Balance at January 1, 2023		$ 741,239	$ 1,193,349	$ 343,211	$ 120,040	$ 1,425,612	($ 82,602)	($ 26,540)	$ 3,714,309
Profit for the year		-	-	-	-	435,661	-	-	435,661
Other comprehensive income (loss)	6(6)	-	-	-	-	3,178	( 11,205)	26,304	18,277
Total comprehensive (loss) income		-	-	-	-	438,839	( 11,205)	26,304	453,938
Appropriation and distribution of 2022 earnings	6(18)
Legal reserve		-	-	40,788	-	( 40,788)	-	-	-
Special reserve		-	-	-	( 10,898)	10,898	-	-	-
Cash dividends		-	-	-	-	( 222,372)	-	-	( 222,372)
Balance at December 31, 2023		$ 741,239	$ 1,193,349	$ 383,999	$ 109,142	$ 1,612,189	($ 93,807)	($ 236)	$ 3,945,875
Year 2024
Balance at January 1, 2024		$ 741,239	$ 1,193,349	$ 383,999	$ 109,142	$ 1,612,189	($ 93,807)	($ 236)	$ 3,945,875
Profit for the year		-	-	-	-	371,612	-	-	371,612
Other comprehensive income (loss)	6(6)	-	-	-	-	1,298	14,288	( 867)	14,719
Total comprehensive income	6(18)	-	-	-	-	372,910	14,288	( 867)	386,331
Appropriation and distribution of 2023 earnings
Legal reserve		-	-	43,884	-	( 43,884)	-	-	-
Special reserve		-	-	-	( 15,099)	15,099	-	-	-
Cash dividends		-	-	-	-	( 222,372)	-	-	( 222,372)
Donated assets		-	20	-	-	-	-	-	20
Balance at December 31, 2024		$ 741,239	$ 1,193,369	$ 427,883	$ 94,043	$ 1,733,942	($ 79,519)	($ 1,103)	$ 4,109,854

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2024 AND 2023
(Expressed in thousands of New Taiwan dollars)

	Year ended December 31
	Notes	2024	2023
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Profit before tax		$ 479,163	$ 547,401
Adjustments
Adjustments to reconcile profit (loss)
Gain on disposal of property, plant and equipment	6(22)
Net loss on financial assets or liabilities at fair value through profit or loss	6(2)(22)	( 2,199 )	-
Expected credit impairment loss	12(2)	( 10,112 )	( 6,415 )
Depreciation expense	6(8)(24)	289,148	278,723
Depreciation expense - right-of-use assets	6(9)(24)	5,389	2,678
Amortization expense	6(24)	5,532	6,231
Interest expense	6(23)	9,629	10,644
Interest income	6(20)	( 38,805 )	( 49,049 )
Government grant	6(14)	( 1,431 )	( 1,410 )
Dividend income	6(21)	( 7,576 )	( 6,733 )
Share of loss (profit) of associates accounted for under equity method	6(7)	165,350	56,750
Changes in operating assets and liabilities
Changes in operating assets
Notes receivable		5,024	( 2,546 )
Accounts receivable		( 30,793 )	( 66,961 )
Accounts receivable-related parties		( 4,006 )	9,381
Other receivables		( 11,480 )	( 16,239 )
Other receivables-related parties		10,474	( 4,016 )
Inventories		6,126	( 96,833 )
Other current assets		( 4,535 )	6,885
Changes in operating liabilities
Contract liabilities - current		1,158	( 945 )
Notes payable		19,022	14,972
Accounts payable		1,550	8,027
Other payables		11,854	6,683
Other current liabilities		3	( 3 )
Net defined benefit liability		( 565 )	( 138 )
Cash inflow generated from operations		897,920	697,254
Interest received		39,504	49,260
Interest paid		( 9,830 )	( 10,539 )
Dividend received		7,576	6,733
Income tax paid		( 236,988 )	( 51,135 )
Net cash flows from operating activities		698,182	691,573

(Continued)

Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2024 AND 2023
(Expressed in thousands of New Taiwan dollars)

	Year ended December 31
	Notes	2024	2023
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Acquisition of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss	6(28)	$ -	($ 12,263)
Proceeds from disposal of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss		3,109	13,723
(Increase) decrease in financial assets at amortised cost		96,723	(125,890)
Increase in other receivables due from related parties		183,786	(312,056)
Acquisition of financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive profit or loss - non-current		-	(26,748)
Acquisition of investments accounted for under equity method	6(7)	(48,000)	-
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment	6(28)	(308,248)	(154,665)
Gain on disposal of property, plant and equipment		2,199	2,010
Increase in prepayments for equipment and construction	6(28)	(38,909)	(261,248)
Acquisition of real estate investment	6(10)	-	(80,887)
Acquisition of intangible assets		-	(1,533)
Increase in other non-current assets		(2,282)	(2,690)
Increase in guarantee deposits paid		-	(2,900)
Net cash flows used in investing activities		(111,622)	(965,147)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Repayment of long-term borrowings	6(29)	(133,167)	(154,424)
Repayment of principal portion of lease liabilities	6(29)	(5,308)	(2,663)
Cash dividends paid	6(29)	(222,372)	(222,372)
Net cash flows used in financing activities		(360,847)	(379,459)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents		225,713	(653,033)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year		252,454	905,487
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year		$ 478,167	$ 252,454

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2024 AND 2023
(Expressed in thousands of New Taiwan dollars, except as otherwise indicated)

History and Organisation

Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD. (the “Company”) was incorporated in March 1986 and has been listed on the Taiwan Stock Exchange since April 2012. The Company is primarily engaged in manufacturing and trading automobiles parts, import and export as well as operating and reinvesting related businesses.

The Date of Authorisation for Issuance of the Financial Statements and Procedures for Authorisation

These parent company only financial statements were authorized for issuance by the Board of Directors on February 24, 2025.

Application of New Standards, Amendments and Interpretations

(1) Effect of the adoption of new issuances of or amendments to International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS®”) Accounting Standards that came into effect as endorsed by the Financial Supervisory Commission (“FSC”)

New standards, interpretations and amendments endorsed by FSC and became effective from 2024 are as follows:

New Standards, Interpretations and Amendments	Effective date by International Accounting Standards Board
Amendments to IFRS 16, ‘Lease liability in a sale and leaseback’	January 1, 2024
Amendments to IAS 1, ‘Classification of liabilities as current or non-current’	January 1, 2024
Amendments to IAS 1, ‘Non-current liabilities with covenants’	January 1, 2024
Amendments to IAS 7 and IFRS 7, ‘Supplier finance arrangements’	January 1, 2024

The above standards and interpretations have no significant impact to the Company’s financial condition and financial performance based on the Company’s assessment.

(2) Effect of new issuances of or amendments to IFRS Accounting Standards as endorsed by the FSC but not yet adopted by the Company

New standards, interpretations and amendments endorsed by the FSC effective from 2025 are as follows:

New Standards, Interpretations and Amendments	Effective date by International Accounting Standards Board
Amendments to IAS 21, ‘Lack of exchangeability’	January 1, 2025

The above standards and interpretations have no significant impact to the Company’s financial condition and financial performance based on the Company’s assessment.

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(3) IFRS Accounting Standards issued by IASB but not yet endorsed by the FSC

New standards, interpretations and amendments issued by IASB but not yet included in the IFRS Accounting Standards as endorsed by the FSC are as follows:

New Standards, Interpretations and Amendments	Effective date by International Accounting Standards Board
Amendments to IFRS 9 and IFRS 7, ‘Amendments to the classification and measurement of financial instruments’	January 1, 2026
Amendments to IFRS 9 and IFRS 7, ‘Contracts referencing nature-dependent electricity’	January 1, 2026
Amendments to IFRS 10 and IAS 28, ‘Sale or contribution of assets between an investor and its associate or joint venture’	To be determined by International Accounting Standards Board
IFRS 17, ‘Insurance contracts’	January 1, 2023
Amendments to IFRS 17, ‘Insurance contracts’	January 1, 2023
Amendment to IFRS 17, ‘Initial application of IFRS 17 and IFRS 9 – comparative information’	January 1, 2023
IFRS 18, ‘Presentation and disclosure in financial statements’	January 1, 2027
IFRS 19, ‘Subsidiaries without public accountability: disclosures’	January 1, 2027
Annual Improvements to IFRS Accounting Standards—Volume 11	January 1, 2026

Except for the following, the above standards and interpretations have no significant impact to the Company's financial condition and financial performance based on the Company's assessment.

IFRS 18, Presentation and disclosure in financial statements' replaces IAS 1. The standard introduces a defined structure of the statement of profit or loss, disclosure requirements related to management-defined performance measures, and enhanced principles on aggregation and disaggregation which apply to the primary financial statements and notes.

Summary of Material Accounting Policies

The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these parent company only financial statements are set out below. These policies have been consistently applied to all the periods presented, unless otherwise stated.

(1) Compliance statement

The parent company only financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with the Regulations Governing the Preparation of Financial Reports by Securities Issuers.

(2) Bas of preparation

A. Except for the following items, the parent company only financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention:

(a) Financial assets and financial liabilities (including derivative instruments) at fair value through profit or loss.
(b) Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income.

(c) Defined benefit liabilities recognised based on the net amount of pension fund assets less present value of defined benefit obligation.

B. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards, International Accounting Standards, IFRIC® Interpretations, and SIC® Interpretations that came into effect as endorsed by the FSC (collectively referred herein as the “IFRSs”) requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also requires management to exercise its judgement in the process of applying the Company’s accounting policies. The areas involving a higher degree of judgement or complexity, or areas where assumptions and estimates are significant to the parent company only financial statements are disclosed in Note 5.

(3) Foreign currency translation

Items included in the financial statements of each of the Company’s entities are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates (the “functional currency”). The parent company only financial statements are presented in New Taiwan dollars, which is the Company’s functional currency.

A. Foreign currency transactions and balances

(a) Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the transactions or valuation where items are remeasured. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions are recognised in profit or loss in the period in which they arise.

(b) Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at the period end are re-translated at the exchange rates prevailing at the balance sheet date. Exchange differences arising upon re-translation at the balance sheet date are recognised in profit or loss.

(c) Non-monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies held at fair value through profit or loss are re-translated at the exchange rates prevailing at the balance sheet date; their translation differences are recognised in profit or loss. Non-monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies held at fair value through other comprehensive income are re-translated at the exchange rates prevailing at the balance sheet date; their translation differences are recognised in other comprehensive income. However, non-monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies that are not measured at fair value are translated using the historical exchange rates at the dates of the initial transactions.

(d) All foreign exchange gains and losses are presented in the statement of comprehensive income within ‘other gains and losses’.

B. Translation of foreign operations

(a) The operating results and financial position of all the Company entities, associates and joint arrangements that have a functional currency different from the presentation currency are translated into the presentation currency as follows:

i. Assets and liabilities for each balance sheet presented are translated at the closing exchange rate at the date of that balance sheet;

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ii. Income and expenses for each statement of comprehensive income are translated at average exchange rates of that period; and

iii. All resulting exchange differences are recognised in other comprehensive income.

(b) When the foreign operation partially disposed of or sold is a subsidiary, cumulative exchange differences that were recorded in other comprehensive income are proportionately transferred to the non-controlling interest in this foreign operation. In addition, even when the Company still retains partial interest in the former foreign subsidiary after losing control of the former foreign subsidiary, such transactions should be accounted for as disposal of all interest in the foreign operation.

(c) Goodwill and fair value adjustments arising on the acquisition of a foreign entity are treated as assets and liabilities of the foreign entity and translated at the closing exchange rates at the balance sheet date.

(4) Classification of current and non-current items

A. Assets that meet one of the following criteria are classified as current assets; otherwise they are classified as non-current assets:

(a) Assets arising from operating activities that are expected to be realised, or are intended to be sold or consumed within the normal operating cycle;

(b) Assets held mainly for trading purposes;

(d) Cash and cash equivalents, excluding restricted cash and cash equivalents and those that are to be exchanged or used to settle liabilities more than twelve months after the balance sheet date.

B. Liabilities that meet one of the following criteria are classified as current liabilities; otherwise they are classified as non-current liabilities:

(a) Liabilities that are expected to be settled within the normal operating cycle;

(b) Liabilities arising mainly from trading activities;

(d) It does not have the right at the end of the reporting period to defer settlement of the liability at least twelve months after the reporting period.

(5) Cash equivalents

Cash equivalents refer to short-term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value. Time deposits that meet the definition above and are held for the purpose of meeting short-term cash commitments in operations are classified as cash equivalents.

(6) Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

A. Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are financial assets that are not measured at amortised cost or fair value through other comprehensive income.

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B. On a regular way purchase or sale basis, financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are recognised and derecognised using trade date accounting.

C. At initial recognition, the Company measures the financial assets at fair value and recognises the transaction costs in profit or loss. The Company subsequently measures the financial assets at fair value, and recognises the gain or loss in profit or loss.

D. The Company recognises the dividend income when the right to receive payment is established, future economic benefits associated with the dividend will flow to the Company and the amount of the dividend can be measured reliably.

(7) Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income

A. Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income comprise equity securities which are not held for trading, and for which the Company has made an irrevocable election at initial recognition to recognise changes in fair value in other comprehensive income and debt instruments which meet all of the following criteria:

(a) The objective of the Company's business model is achieved both by collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets; and
(b) The assets' contractual cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest.

B. On a regular way purchase or sale basis, financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income are recognised and derecognised using trade date accounting.

C. At initial recognition, the Company measures the financial assets at fair value plus transaction costs. The Company subsequently measures the financial assets at fair value:

The changes in fair value of equity investments that were recognised in other comprehensive income are reclassified to retained earnings and are not reclassified to profit or loss following the derecognition of the investment. Dividends are recognised as revenue when the right to receive payment is established, future economic benefits associated with the dividend will flow to the Company and the amount of the dividend can be measured reliably.

(8) Financial assets at amortised cost

A. Financial assets at amortised cost are those that meet all of the following criteria:

(a) The objective of the Company's business model is achieved by collecting contractual cash flows.
(b) The assets' contractual cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest.

B. On a regular way purchase or sale basis, financial assets at amortised cost are recognised and derecognised using trade date accounting.

C. The Company's time deposits which do not fall under cash equivalents are those with a short maturity period and are measured at initial investment amount as the effect of discounting is immaterial.

(9) Accounts and notes receivable

A. Accounts and notes receivable entitle the Company a legal right to receive consideration in exchange for transferred goods or rendered services.

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B. The short-term accounts and notes receivable without bearing interest are subsequently measured at initial invoice amount as the effect of discounting is immaterial.

(10) Impairment of financial assets

For financial assets at amortised cost, at each reporting date, the Company recognises the impairment provision for 12 months expected credit losses if there has not been a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition or recognises the impairment provision for the lifetime expected credit losses (ECLs) if such credit risk has increased since initial recognition after taking into consideration all reasonable and verifiable information that includes forecasts. On the other hand, for accounts receivable that do not contain a significant financing component, the Company recognises the impairment provision for lifetime ECLs.

(11) Derecognition of financial assets

The Company derecognises a financial asset when the contractual rights to receive the cash flows from the financial asset expire.

(12) Leasing arrangements (lessor)—operating leases

Lease income from an operating lease (net of any incentives given to the lessee) is recognised in profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

(13) Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost is determined using the weighted-average method. The cost of finished goods and work in progress comprises raw materials, direct labour, other direct costs and related production overheads. It excludes borrowing costs. Except for the same types of inventory, the item by item approach is used in applying the lower of cost and net realisable value. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated cost of completion and applicable variable selling expenses.

(14) Investments accounted for using equity method-subsidiaries

A. Subsidiaries are all entities (including structured entities) controlled by the Company. The Company controls an entity when the Company is exposed, or has rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the entity.

B. Unrealised gains on transactions between the Company and its subsidiaries are eliminated. Accounting policies of subsidiaries have been adjusted where necessary to ensure consistency with the policies adopted by the Company.

C. The Company's share of its subsidiaries' post-acquisition profits or losses is recognised in profit or loss, and its share of post-acquisition movements in other comprehensive income is recognised in other comprehensive income. When the Company's share of losses in a subsidiary equals or exceeds its interest in the subsidiary, the Company recognise loss continuously in proportion to its ownership.

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D. Changes in a parent’s ownership interest in a subsidiary that do not result in the parent losing control of the subsidiary (transactions with non-controlling interests) are accounted for as equity transactions, i.e. transactions with owners in their capacity as owners. Difference of adjustment of non-controlling interest and fair value of consideration paid or received is recognised in equity.

E. When the Company loses control of a subsidiary, the Company remeasures any investment retained in the former subsidiary at its fair value. That fair value is regarded as the fair value on initial recognition of a financial asset or the cost on initial recognition of the associate or joint venture. Any difference between fair value and carrying amount is recognised in profit or loss. If the Company loses significant influence over the subsidiary, the amounts previously recognised in other comprehensive income in relation to the subsidiary are reclassified to profit or loss, on the same basis as would be required if the relevant assets or liabilities were disposed of.

F. Pursuant to the “Regulations Governing the Preparation of Financial Reports by Securities Issuers,” profit (loss) of the current period and other comprehensive income in the non-consolidated financial statements shall be equal to the amount attributable to owners of the parent in the consolidated financial statements. Owners’ equity in the non-consolidated financial statements shall be equal to equity attributable to owners of the parent in the consolidated financial statements.

(15) Property, plant and equipment

A. Property, plant and equipment are initially recorded at cost. Borrowing costs incurred during the construction period are capitalised.

B. Subsequent costs are included in the asset’s carrying amount or recognised as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of the replaced part is derecognised. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to profit or loss during the financial period in which they are incurred.

C. Land is not depreciated. Other property, plant and equipment apply cost model and are depreciated using the straight-line method to allocate their cost over their estimated useful lives. Each part of an item of property, plant, and equipment with a cost that is significant in relation to the total cost of the item must be depreciated separately.

D. The assets’ residual values, useful lives and depreciation methods are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at each financial year-end. If expectations for the assets’ residual values and useful lives differ from previous estimates or the patterns of consumption of the assets’ future economic benefits embodied in the assets have changed significantly, any change is accounted for as a change in estimate under IAS 8, ‘Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors’, from the date of the change. The estimated useful lives of property, plant and equipment are as follows:

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Buildings and structures 10 ~ 20 years
Machinery and equipment 1~ 15 years
Molding equipment 2 ~ 5 years
Transportation equipment 2 ~ 8 years
Furniture equipment 2 ~ 5 years
Other equipment 2 ~ 10 years

(16) Leasing arrangements (lessee)—right-of-use assets/ lease liabilities

A. Leases are recognised as a right-of-use asset and a corresponding lease liability at the date at which the leased asset is available for use by the Company. For short-term leases or leases of low-value assets, lease payments are recognised as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

B. Lease liabilities include the net present value of the remaining lease payments at the commencement date, discounted using the incremental borrowing interest rate. Lease payments are comprised of fixed payments, less any lease incentives receivable.

The Company subsequently measures the lease liability at amortised cost using the interest method and recognises interest expense over the lease term. The lease liability is remeasured and the amount of remeasurement is recognised as an adjustment to the right-of-use asset when there are changes in the lease term or lease payments and such changes do not arise from contract modifications.

C. At the commencement date, the right-of-use asset is stated at cost comprising the following:
(a) The amount of the initial measurement of lease liability;
(b) Any lease payments made at or before the commencement date;
(c) Any initial direct costs incurred by the lessee.

The right-of-use asset is measured subsequently using the cost model and is depreciated from the commencement date to the earlier of the end of the asset’s useful life or the end of the lease term. When the lease liability is remeasured, the amount of remeasurement is recognised as an adjustment to the right-of-use asset.

D. For lease modifications that decrease the scope of the lease, the lessee shall decrease the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset to reflect the partial or full termination of the lease, and recognise the difference between remeasured lease liability in profit or loss.

(17) Investment real estate

Investment real estate is recognized at acquisition cost, and subsequent measurement adopts the cost model.

(18) Intangible assets

Computer software is stated at cost and amortised on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life of 3 to 5 years.

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(19) Impairment of non-financial assets

The Company assesses at each balance sheet date the recoverable amounts of those assets where there is an indication that they are impaired. An impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which the asset’s carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s fair value less costs to sell or value in use. Except for goodwill, when the circumstances or reasons for recognizing impairment loss for an asset in prior years no longer exist or diminish, the impairment loss is reversed. The increased carrying amount due to reversal should not be more than what the depreciated or amortised historical cost would have been if the impairment had not been recognised.

(20) Borrowings

Borrowings comprise long-term and short-term bank borrowings. Borrowings are recognised initially at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred. Borrowings are subsequently stated at amortised cost; any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption value is recognised in profit or loss over the period of the borrowings using the effective interest method.

(21) Notes and accounts payable

A. Accounts payable are liabilities for purchases of raw materials, goods or services and notes payable are those resulting from operating and non-operating activities.

B. The short-term notes and accounts payable without bearing interest are subsequently measured at initial invoice amount as the effect of discounting is immaterial.

(22) Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss

A. Financial liabilities are classified in this category of held for trading if acquired principally for the purpose of held for trading. Derivatives are also categorised as financial liabilities held for trading unless they are designated as hedges.

B. At initial recognition, the Company measures the financial liabilities at fair value. All related transaction costs are recognised in profit or loss. The Company subsequently measures these financial liabilities at fair value with any gain or loss recognised in profit or loss.

(23) Derecognition of financial liabilities

A financial liability is derecognised when the obligation specified in the contract is either discharged or cancelled or expires.

(24) Offsetting financial instruments

Financial assets and liabilities are offset and reported in the net amount in the balance sheet when there is a legally enforceable right to offset the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

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(25) Employee benefits

A. Short-term employee benefits

Short-term employee benefits are measured at the undiscounted amount of the benefits expected to be paid in respect of service rendered by employees in a period and should be recognised as expense in that period when the employees render service.

B. Pensions

(a) Defined contribution plans

For defined contribution plans, the contributions are recognised as pension expense when they are due on an accrual basis. Prepaid contributions are recognised as an asset to the extent of a cash refund or a reduction in the future payments.

(b) Defined benefit plans

i. Net obligation under a defined benefit plan is defined as the present value of an amount of pension benefits that employees will receive on retirement for their services with the Company in current period or prior periods. The liability recognised in the balance sheet in respect of defined benefit pension plans is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the balance sheet date less the fair value of plan assets. The net defined benefit obligation is calculated annually by independent actuaries using the projected unit credit method. The rate used to discount is determined by using interest rates of government bonds (at the balance sheet date) of a currency and term consistent with the currency and term of the employment benefit obligations.

ii. Remeasurements arising on defined benefit plans are recognised in other comprehensive income in the period in which they arise and are recorded as retained earnings.

iii. Past service costs are recognised immediately in profit or loss.

C. Employees' compensation and directors' and supervisors' remuneration

Employees' compensation and directors' and supervisors' remuneration are recognised as expense and liability, provided that such recognition is required under legal or constructive obligation and those amounts can be reliably estimated. Any difference between the resolved amounts and the subsequently actual distributed amounts is accounted for as changes in estimates. If employee compensation is paid by shares, the Company calculates the number of shares based on the closing price at the previous day of the board meeting resolution.

(26) Income tax

A. The tax expense for the period comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognised in profit or loss, except to the extent that it relates to items recognised in other comprehensive income or items recognised directly in equity, in which cases the tax is recognised in other comprehensive income or equity.

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B. The current income tax expense is calculated on the basis of the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date in the countries where the Company and its subsidiaries operate and generate taxable income. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in tax returns with respect to situations in accordance with applicable tax regulations. It establishes provisions where appropriate based on the amounts expected to be paid to the tax authorities. An additional tax is levied on the unappropriated retained earnings and is recorded as income tax expense in the year the stockholders resolve to retain the earnings.

C. Deferred tax is recognised, using the balance sheet liability method, on temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the consolidated balance sheet. However, the deferred tax is not accounted for if it arises from initial recognition of goodwill or of an asset or liability in a transaction other than a business combination that at the time of the transaction affects neither accounting nor taxable profit or loss and does not give rise to equal taxable and deductible temporary differences. Deferred tax is provided on temporary differences arising on investments in subsidiaries, except where the timing of the reversal of the temporary difference is controlled by the Company and it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future. Deferred tax is determined using tax rates (and laws) that have been enacted or substantially enacted by the balance sheet date and are expected to apply when the related deferred tax asset is realised or the deferred tax liability is settled.

D. Deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against which the temporary differences can be utilised. At each balance sheet date, unrecognised and recognised deferred tax assets are reassessed.

(27) Share capital

A. Ordinary shares are classified as equity. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of new shares or stock options are shown in equity as a deduction, net of tax, from the proceeds.

B. Where the Company repurchases the Company's equity share capital that has been issued, the consideration paid, including any directly attributable incremental costs (net of income taxes) is deducted from equity attributable to the Company's equity holders. Where such shares are subsequently reissued, the difference between their carrying amount and any consideration received, net of any directly attributable incremental transaction costs and the related income tax effects, is included in equity attributable to the Company's equity holders.

(28) Dividends

Dividends are recorded in the Company's financial statements in the period in which they are resolved by the Company's shareholders. Cash dividends are recorded as liabilities.

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(29) Revenue recognition

Sales of goods

A. The Company manufactures and sells automobiles parts products. Sales are recognised when control of the products has transferred. Delivery occurs when the products have been shipped to the specific location, the risks of obsolescence and loss have been transferred to the customer, and either the customer has accepted the products in accordance with the sales contract, or the Company has objective evidence that all criteria for acceptance have been satisfied.

B. Sales revenue was recognized based on the contract price net of sales discount. Goods are often sold with sales discounts and allowances based on future estimated sales volume. Accumulated experience is used to estimate and provide for the sales discounts and allowances, using the expected value method, and revenue is only recognised to the extent that it is highly probable that a significant reversal will not occur. The estimation is subject to an assessment at each reporting date. The sales usually are made with a credit term of 60 to 120 days after the delivery date, which is consistent with market practice. As the time interval between the transfer of committed goods or service and the payment of customer does not exceed one year, the Company does not adjust the transaction price to reflect the time value of money.

C. A receivable is recognised when the goods are delivered as this is the point in time that the consideration is unconditional because only the passage of time is required before the payment is due.

(30) Government grants

Government grants are recognised at their fair value only when there is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with conditions attached to the grants and the grants will be received. Government grants are recognised in profit or loss on a systematic basis over the periods in which the Company recognises expenses for the related costs for which the grants are intended to compensate. Government grants related to property, plant and equipment are recognised as non-current liabilities and are amortised to profit or loss over the estimated useful lives of the related assets using the straight-line method.

Critical Accounting Judgements, Estimates and Key Sources of Assumption Uncertainty

The preparation of these parent company only financial statements requires management to make critical judgements in applying the Company's accounting policies and make critical assumptions and estimates concerning future events. Assumptions and estimates may differ from the actual results and are continually evaluated and adjusted based on historical experience and other factors. Such assumptions and estimates have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year; and the related information is addressed below:

(1) Critical judgements in applying the Company's accounting policies

None.

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(2) Critical accounting estimates and assumptions

Evaluation of inventories

As inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value, the Company must determine the net realisable value of inventories on balance sheet date using judgements and estimates. As net realisable value of inventories is estimated at the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated cost of completion and estimated selling expenses, the estimates are based on current market conditions and historical sales experience of similar products and the result of the estimates might be significantly influence by changes in market conditions.

As of December 31, 2024, the carrying amount of inventories was $239,526.

Details of Significant Accounts

(1) Cash and cash equivalents

	December 31, 2024	December 31, 2023
Cash on hand	$ 107	$ 103
Checking accounts and demand deposits	149,432	46,627
Time deposits	328,628	205,724
	$ 478,167	$ 252,454
Interest rate range
Time deposits	0.55%~5.00%	5.64%~5.72%

A. The Company transacts with a variety of financial institutions all with high credit quality to disperse credit risk, so it expects that the probability of counterparty default is remote.
B. The time deposits maturing over three months and time deposits that are restricted and are not held for the purpose of meeting short-term cash commitments were presented as 'financial assets at amortised cost'. Refer to Note 6(3) for details.
C. Information about the financial assets at amortised cost that were pledged to others as collaterals is provided in Notes 6, (3) and 8.

(2) Financial assets and liabilities at fair value through profit or loss - current

Items	December 31, 2024	December 31, 2023
Financial assets mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss
Listed stocks	$ 94,395	$ 95,422
Valuation adjustment	34,080	29,393
Total	$ 128,475	$ 124,815
Financial assets (liabilities) held for trading
Foreign exchange swap contracts	$ 392	($ 2,952)
Total amount of fiancial assets at fair value through profit or loss	$ 128,867	$ 124,815
Total amount of fiancial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss	$ -	($ 2,952)

A. The Company recognised financial assets and liabilities at fair value through profit of $10,112 and $6,415 for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

B. Explanations of the transactions and contract information in respect of derivative financial assets and liabilities that the Company does not adopt hedge accounting are as follows:

	December 31, 2024
Derivative financial assets (liabilities)	Contract amount
(Notional principal)	Contract period
Foreign exchange swap contracts	USD 900 thousand	2024.12.06 ~ 2025.01.06
	December 31, 2023
Derivative financial assets (liabilities)	Contract amount
(Notional principal)	Maturity period
Foreign exchange swap contracts	USD 7,086 thousand	2023.12.07 ~ 2024.01.29

The Company entered into cross currency swap contracts to hedge risk arising from the changes in currency rates of assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies. However, the forward exchange contracts did not meet the criteria for hedge accounting.

C. The Company has no financial assets and liabilities at fair value through profit or loss pledged to others as collateral.

D. Information relating to credit risk of financial assets and liabilities at fair value through profit or loss is provided in Note 12(2).

(3) Financial assets at amortised cost

Items	December 31, 2024	December 31, 2023
Current items:
Time deposits maturing over three months	$ 29,167	$ 125,890
Non-current items
Restricted time deposits	$ 300	$ 300

A. As at December 31, 2024 and 2023, without taking into account any collateral held or other credit enhancements, the maximum exposure to credit risk in respect of the amount that best represents the financial assets at amortised cost held by the Company were $29,467 and $126,190, respectively.

B. Information about the financial assets at amortised cost that were pledged to others as collateral is provided in Note 8.

C. Information relating to credit risk of financial assets at amortised cost is provided in Note 12(2). The counterparties of the Company's investments in certificates of deposit are financial institutions with high credit quality, so the Company's expects that the probability of counterparty default is remote.

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(4) Notes and accounts receivable, net

	December 31, 2024	December 31, 2023
Notes receivable	$ 12,004	$ 17,028
Less: Allowance for uncollectible accounts	( 207)	( 207)
	$ 11,797	$ 16,821
	December 31, 2024	December 31, 2023
Accounts receivable	$ 331,997	$ 301,204
Less: Allowance for uncollectible accounts	( 7,215)	( 7,215)
	$ 324,782	$ 293,989

A. The aging analysis of notes receivable and accounts receivable are as follows:

	December 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	Notes receivable	Accounts receivable	Notes receivable	Accounts receivable
Not past due	$ 12,004	$ 277,299	$ 17,028	$ 249,844
1~60 days	-	47,774	-	47,809
61~120 days	-	4,276	-	843
121~180 days	-	-	-	-
Over 241 days	-	2,648	-	2,708
	$ 12,004	$ 331,997	$ 17,028	$ 301,204

As at December 31, 2024 and 2023, the ageing analysis was based on past due date and invoice date.

B. As at December 31, 2024 and 2023, the balances of accounts receivable and notes receivable were all from contracts with customers. As of January 1, 2023, the balances of accounts receivable and notes receivable from contracts with customers amounted to $234,306 and $14,419, respectively.

C. As at December 31, 2024 and 2023, without taking into account any collateral held or other credit enhancements, the maximum exposure to credit risk in respect of the amount that best represents the Company's notes receivable and accounts receivable were $11,797 and $16,821 as well as $324,782 and $293,989, respectively.

D. Information relating to credit risk of notes receivable and accounts receivable is provided in Note 12(2).

(Remainder of page intentionally left blank)

(5) Inventories

	December 31, 2024
	Cost	Allowance for valuation loss	Book value
Materials and supplies	$ 99,107	($ 21,755)	$ 77,352
Work in progress	13,011	( 2,065)	10,946
Semi-finished goods	5,704	( 1,512)	4,192
Finished goods	159,057	( 12,829)	146,228
Merchandise	808	-	808
Total	$ 277,687	($ 38,161)	$ 239,526
	December 31, 2023
	Cost	Allowance for valuation loss	Book value
Materials and supplies	$ 113,928	($ 11,552)	$ 102,376
Work in progress	8,851	( 473)	8,378
Semi-finished goods	3,142	( 799)	2,343
Finished goods	152,047	( 12,613)	139,434
Merchandise	372	-	372
Total	$ 278,340	($ 25,437)	$ 252,903

The cost of inventories recognised as expense for the period:

	Year ended December 31, 2024	Year ended December 31, 2023
Cost of goods sold	$ 788,683	$ 774,746
Unallocated fixed overheads	18,498	8,500
Loss on (gain on reversal of) market value decline and slow-moving inventories	12,724	(5,161)
Gain on physical inventory	(144)	(4,798)
Loss on scrapping inventory	235	227
	$ 819,996	$ 773,514

The Company reversed a previous inventory write-down because inventories with decline in market value were partially sold and scrapped by the Group for the year ended December 31, 2023.

(6) Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income-non-current

Items	December 31, 2024	December 31, 2023
Non-current items:
Equity instruments
Listed stocks	$ 128,535	$ 128,535
Valuation adjustment	( 1,103)	( 236)
	$ 127,432	$ 128,299

A. The Company has elected to classify investments that are considered to be strategic investments or steady dividend income as financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income. The fair value of such investments amounted to $127,432 and $128,299 as at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

B. Amounts recognised in profit or loss and other comprehensive income in relation to the financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income are listed below:

	Years ended December 31,
	2024	2023
Equity instruments at fair value through other comprehensive income
Fair value change recognised in other comprehensive loss	($ 867)	$ 26,304
Dividend income recognised in profit or loss held at end of period	$ 3,988	$ 3,262

C. As at December 31, 2024 and 2023, without taking into account any collateral held or other credit enhancements, the maximum exposure to credit risk in respect of the amount that best represents the financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income held by the Company were $127,432 and $128,299, respectively.

D. The Company has no financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income pledged to others as collateral.

(7) Investments accounted for using equity method

	December 31, 2024	December 31, 2023
Subsidiaries
RISE BRIGHT HOLDINGS LTD. (RISE BRIGHT)	$ 298,556	$ 455,103
UNITED SKILLS CO., LTD. (UNITED SKILLS)	104,404	50,918
	$ 402,960	$ 506,021

A. Share of profit or loss of subsidiaries accounted for using equity method is evaluated based on each investee's audited financial statements for the corresponding period. For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company recognised loss in the amount of $165,350 thousand and $56,750 thousand, respectively.

B. On March 7, 2024, the Company resolved in a board meeting to increase the capital of its subsidiary, United Inc., by investing NT$100,000 thousand in tranches. As of December 31, 2024, an additional NT$48,000 thousand has been invested, and the change in registration has been completed. However, on November 6, 2024, the board resolved that the subsidiary, United Inc., does not have short-term funding needs, and therefore, the remaining capital increase investment plan was canceled.

C. Please refer to Note 4(3) in the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2024 for the information regarding the Company's subsidiaries.

(8) Property, plant and equipment

Year ended December 31, 2024

	Beginning balance	Additions	Decreases	Transfers	Ending balance
Cost
Land	$ 956,365	$ -	$ -	$ -	$ 956,365
Buildings and structures	1,219,989	36,355	-	16,826	1,273,170
Machinery and equipment	841,968	13,365	( 39,774)	15,380	830,939
Molding equipment	2,276,393	77,217	-	53,962	2,407,572
Transportation equipment	32,222	-	( 1,996)	-	30,226
Furniture equipment	2,270	-	-	-	2,270
Other equipment	185,229	16,774	( 1,271)	9,057	209,789
Unfinished construction and equipment under acceptance	227,824	79,908	-	34,724	342,456
	$ 5,742,260	$ 223,619	($ 43,041)	$ 129,949	$ 6,052,787
Accumulated Depreciation
Buildings and structures	($ 845,351)	($ 55,400)	$ -	$ -	($ 900,751)
Machinery and equipment	( 657,684)	( 50,359)	39,774	-	( 668,269)
Molding equipment	( 1,829,925)	( 163,905)	-	-	( 1,993,830)
Transportation equipment	( 26,605)	( 1,976)	1,996	-	( 26,585)
Furniture equipment	( 2,061)	( 130)	-	-	( 2,191)
Other equipment	( 140,018)	( 17,378)	1,271	-	( 156,125)
	($ 3,501,644)	($ 289,148)	$ 43,041	$ -	($ 3,747,751)
Total	$ 2,240,616				$ 2,305,036

	Year ended December 31, 2023
	Beginning balance	Additions	Decreases	Transfers		Ending balance
Cost
Land	$956,365	$-	$-	$-	$	956,365
Buildings and structures	1,217,374	2,615	-	-		1,219,989
Machinery and equipment	808,629	22,953	(22,943)	33,329		841,968
Molding equipment	2,099,665	68,671	(14,810)	122,867		2,276,393
Transportation equipment	32,760	-	(538)	-		32,222
Furniture equipment	2,441	-	(171)	-		2,270
Other equipment	154,839	22,435	(288)	8,243		185,229
Unfinished construction andequipment under acceptance	268,679	41,738	-	(82,593)		227,824
	$5,540,752	$158,412	($38,750)	$81,846		$5,742,260
Accumulated Depreciation
Buildings and structures	($792,484)	($52,867)	$-	$-	($	845,351)
Machinery and equipment	(624,021)	(54,595)	20,932	-	(	657,684)
Molding equipment	(1,690,885)	(153,850)	14,810	-	(	1,829,925)
Transportation equipment	(24,912)	(2,231)	538	-	(	26,605)
Furniture equipment	(2,056)	(177)	172	-	(	2,061)
Other equipment	(125,303)	(15,003)	288	-	(	140,018)
	($3,259,661)	($278,723)	$36,740	$-	($	3,501,644)
Total	$2,281,091					$2,240,616
A. Transfers for the period were from inventories and prepayments for businessfacilities.
B. Information about the property, plant and equipment that were pledged to others as collateral is provided in Note 8.

(9) Lease transactions – lessee

A. The Company leases various assets including business vehicles. Rental contracts are typically made for periods of 5 years. Lease terms are negotiated on an individual basis and contain a wide range of different terms and conditions. The lease agreements do not impose covenants, but leased assets may not be used as security for borrowing purposes. Upon expiry of the lease, the terms of lease agreements do not give priority rights to renew the lease or purchase the property.

B. The carrying amount of right-of-use assets and the depreciation charge are as follows:

	December 31, 2024	December 31, 2023
	Carrying amount	Carrying amount
Transportation equipment (Business vehicles)	$ 17,197	$ 22,586
	Years ended December 31,
	2024	2023
	Depreciation charge	Depreciation charge
Transportation equipment (Business vehicles)	$ 5,389	$ 2,678

C. For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the costs of additions to right-of-use assets were $0 and $18,925, respectively.

D. Information on profit or loss in relation to lease contracts are as follows:

	Years ended December 31,
	2024	2023
Items affecting profit or loss
Interest expense on lease liabilities	$ 257	$ 101
Expense on leases of low-value assets	$ 239	$ 75

E. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the balances of lease liabilities -current and lease liabilities - non-current are as follows:

	December 31, 2024	December 31, 2023
Lease liabilities - current	$ 5,272	$ 5,308
Lease liabilities - non-current	$ 12,083	$ 17,355

F. For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company's total cash outflow for leases were $5,804 and $2,839, respectively.

(10) Investment property

	Year ended December 31, 2024
	Beginning balance	Additions	Decreases	Ending balance
Cost
Land	$ 80,887	$ -	$ -	$ 80,887
	Year ended December 31, 2023
	Beginning balance	Additions	Decreases	Ending balance
Cost
Land	$ -	$ 80,887	$ -	$ 80,887

A. The fair value of the investment property held by the Company, which is the land, as at December 31, 2024 and 2023 was both $92,468. The land price is obtained from the actual value of real estate transactions of the Ministry of Interior, the fair value is classified as a level 2 fair value.

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B. The Company acquired land located in the Yutengping section of Sanyi Township, Miaoli County in September 2023, and it is expected to be used for sustainable development.

(11) Other non-current assets

	December 31, 2024	December 31, 2023
Prepayments for business facilities	$ 213,096	$ 304,136
Guarantee deposits paid	6,754	6,754
Other non-current assets-others	1,657	2,860
	$ 221,507	$ 313,750
(12) Other payables
	December 31, 2024	December 31, 2023
Salaries and bonus payable	$ 49,692	$ 47,267
Machinery and equipment payable	35,366	43,263
Employees’ compensation payable	8,892	8,426
Utilities expense payable	6,045	4,795
Directors’ remuneration payable	5,928	5,841
Transportation expenses payable	1,784	1,705
Payables on insurance premiums	1,367	1,358
Others	27,756	24,789
	$ 136,830	$ 137,444

(Remainder of page intentionally left blank)

(13) Long-term borrowings

Type of borrowings	Borrowing period	Repayment term	December 31, 2024
Long-term bank borrowings
Unsecured borrowings	From December 26, 2019 to December 15, 2026	The loan is disbursed within three years after contract is signed; interest is repayable monthly; principal is repayable monthly in 48 installments with a 3-year grace period on principal only	$ 24,000
Secured borrowings	From January 6, 2016 to January 6, 2031	Principal and interest are repayable monthly after a 3-year grace period	177,430
Secured borrowings	From December 26, 2019 to December 15, 2026	Principal and interest are repayable monthly after a 3-year grace period; interest is repayable monthly; principal is repayable monthly in 48 installments	184,000
Secured borrowings	From September 19, 2019 to December 15, 2029	The loan is disbursed within three years after contract signed; interest is repayable monthly; principal is repayable monthly in 51 installments with a 3-year grace period on principal only	63,238
			$ 448,668
Less: Current portion			( 136,815)
Less: Discount on government grants			( 364)
			$ 311,489
Interest rate range			1.38%~1.91%

Type of borrowings	Borrowing period	Repayment term	December 31, 2023
Long-term bank borrowings
Unsecured borrowings	From December 26, 2019 to December 15, 2026	The loan is disbursed within three years after contract is signed; interest is repayable monthly; principal is repayable monthly in 48 installments with a 3-year grace period on principal only	$ 36,000
Secured borrowings	From January 6, 2016 to January 6, 2031	Principal and interest are repayable monthly after a 3-year grace period	206,597
Secured borrowings	From December 26, 2019 to December 15, 2026	Principal and interest are repayable monthly after a 3-year grace period; interest is repayable monthly; principal is repayable monthly in 48 installments	276,000
Secured borrowings	From September 19, 2019 to December 15, 2029	The loan is disbursed within three years after contract signed; interest is repayable monthly; principal is repayable monthly in 51 installments with a 3-year grace period on principal only	63,238
			$ 581,835
Less: Current portion			( 133,167)
Less: Discount on government grants			( 1,822)
			$ 446,846
Interest rate range			1.25%~1.78%

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(14) Government grants

As of December 31, 2024, the Company acquired government concessional loans under the “Action Plan for Welcoming Overseas Taiwanese Businesses to Return to Invest in Taiwan” from Bank of Taiwan in the amounts of $432,000 and $48,000, respectively, for supporting capital expenditure and working capital. Such loans will mature in December 2029 and December 2026, respectively. The fair values for the loans were $424,935 and $47,277, respectively which were calculated at a market rate of 1.25% and 1.375%. The differences between the acquired amount and the fair value were $7,065 and $723, respectively, which were deemed as a low interest loan subsidy from government and recognised in deferred revenue (shown as other non-current liabilities). The deferred revenue is reclassified to other income on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful life during the period of paying interest. The realised deferred government grants revenue were $1,431 and $1,410, respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.

(15) Pensions

A. (a) The Company has a defined benefit pension plan in accordance with the Labor Standards Act, covering all regular employees’ service years prior to the enforcement of the Labor Pension Act on July 1, 2005 and service years thereafter of employees who chose to continue to be subject to the pension mechanism under the Law. Under the defined benefit pension plan, two units are accrued for each year of service for the first 15 years and one unit for each additional year thereafter, subject to a maximum of 45 units. Pension benefits are based on the number of units accrued and the average monthly salaries and wages of the last 6 months prior to retirement. The Company contributes monthly an amount equal to 2% of the employees’ monthly salaries and wages to the retirement fund deposited with Bank of Taiwan, the trustee, under the name of the independent retirement fund committee. Also, the Company would assess the balance in the labor pension reserve account by December 31, every year. If the account balance is insufficient to pay the pension calculated by the method to the employees expected to qualify for retirement in the following year, the Company will make contributions for the deficit by next March.

(b) The amounts recognised in the balance sheet are as follows:

	December 31, 2024	December 31, 2023
Present value of defined benefit obligations	$ 16,308	$ 16,431
Fair value of plan assets	( 16,342)	( 14,658)
Net defined benefit liability	($ 34)	$ 1,773

	Year ended December 31, 2024
	Present value of defined benefit obligations	Fair value of plan assets	Net defined benefit liability
Balance at January 1	$ 16,431	($ 14,658)	$ 1,773
Interest expense (income)	185	( 166)	19
	16,616	( 14,824)	1,792
Remeasurements:
Return on plan assets (excluding amounts included in interest income or expense)	-	( 1,314)	( 1,314)
Change in financial assumptions	( 183)	-	( 183)
Experience adjustments	( 125)	-	( 125)
	( 308)	( 1,314)	( 1,622)
Pension fund contribution	-	( 204)	( 204)
Balance at December 31	$ 16,308	($ 16,342)	($ 34)
	Year ended December 31, 2023
	Present value of defined benefit obligations	Fair value of plan assets	Net defined benefit liability
Balance at January 1	$ 20,037	($ 14,153)	$ 5,884
Interest expense (income)	225	( 161)	64
	20,262	( 14,314)	5,948
Remeasurements:
Return on plan assets (excluding amounts included in interest income or expense)	-	( 141)	( 141)
Experience adjustments	( 3,831)	-	( 3,831)
	( 3,831)	( 141)	( 3,972)
Pension fund contribution	-	( 203)	( 203)
Balance at December 31	$ 16,431	($ 14,658)	$ 1,773

(d) The Bank of Taiwan was commissioned to manage the fund of the Company's defined benefit pension plan assets in accordance with the Fund's annual investment and utilisation plan and the "Regulations for Revenues, Expenditures, Safeguard and Utilisation of the Labor Retirement Fund" (Article 6: The scope of utilisation for the Fund includes deposit in domestic or foreign financial institutions, investment in domestic or foreign listed, over-the-counter, or private placement equity securities, investment in domestic or foreign real estate securitisation products, etc.). With regard to the utilisation of the Fund, its minimum earnings in the annual distributions on the final financial statements shall be no less than the earnings attainable from the amounts accrued from two-year time deposits with the interest rates offered by local banks. If the earnings is less than aforementioned rates, government shall make payment for the deficit after being authorised by the Regulator. The Company has no right to participate in managing and operating that Fund and therefore, the Company is unable to disclose the classification of plan assets fair value in accordance with IAS 19 paragraph 142. The composition of fair value of plan assets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 is given in the Annual Labor Retirement Fund Utilisation Report announced by the government.

(e) The principal actuarial assumptions used were as follows:

	December 31, 2024	December 31, 2023
Discount rate	1.38%	1.13%
Future salary increases	2.50%	2.50%

Future mortality rate was estimated based on the 6th Taiwan Standard Ordinary Experience Mortality Table for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Sensitivity analysis of the effect on present value of defined benefit obligation due from the changes of main actuarial assumptions was as follows:

	Discount rate		Future salary increases
	Increase 0.25%	Decrease 0.25%	Increase 0.25%	Decrease 0.25%
December 31, 2024
Effect on present value of defined benefit	($ 178)	$ 183	$ 179	($ 175)
December 31, 2023
Effect on present value of defined benefit	($ 151)	$ 156	$ 151	($ 147)

The sensitivity analysis above is based on other conditions that are unchanged but only one assumption is changed. In practice, more than one assumption may change all at once. The method utilised in sensitivity analysis is the same as the method utilised in calculating net pension liability on the balance sheet.

The methods and types of assumptions used in preparing the sensitivity analysis were consistent with previous period.

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(f) Expected contributions to the defined benefit pension plans of the Company for the year ending December 31, 2025 amount to $212.

(g) As of December 31, 2024, the weighted average duration of that retirement plan is 4.5 years.

B.(a) Effective July 1, 2005, the Company has established a defined contribution pension plan (the "New Plan") under the Labor Pension Act (the "Act"), covering all regular employees with R.O.C. nationality. Under the New Plan, the Company contributes monthly an amount based on 6% of the employees' monthly salaries and wages to the employees' individual pension accounts at the Bureau of Labor Insurance. The benefits accrued are paid monthly or in lump sum upon termination of employment.

(b) The pension costs under the defined contribution pension plan of the Company for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 were $6,529 and $6,273, respectively.

(16) Share capital

A. As of December 31, 2024, the Company's authorised capital was $1,000,000, constituting 100,000 thousand shares and the paid-in capital was $741,239 with a par value of $10 (in dollars) per share. All proceeds from shares issued have been collected.

B. Movements in the number of the Company's ordinary shares outstanding are as follows:

	2024	2023
	Number of thousand shares	Number of thousand shares
At January 1 and December 31	74,124	74,124

(17) Capital surplus

Pursuant to the R.O.C. Company Act, capital surplus arising from paid-in capital in excess of par value on issuance of common stocks and donations can be used to cover accumulated deficit or to issue new stocks or cash to shareholders in proportion to their share ownership, provided that the Company has no accumulated deficit. Further, the R.O.C. Securities and Exchange Act requires that the amount of capital surplus to be capitalised mentioned above should not exceed 10% of the paid-in capital each year. However, capital surplus should not be used to cover accumulated deficit unless the legal reserve is insufficient.

	December 31, 2024	December 31, 2023
Used to offset deficits, distributed as cash dividends or transferred to share capital (Note 1)
Additional paid-in capital in excess of par-ordinary share	$ 1,163,298	$ 1,163,298
Difference between consideration and carrying amount of associates accounted for using equity method	$ 2,125	$ 2,125
Assets received as donations	$ 20	$ -
Used to offset accumulated deficits only (Note 2)
Changes in ownership interests in associates accounted for using equity method	$ 27,926	$ 27,926

Note 1: Such capital surplus can be used in offsetting deficit and distributed as cash dividends or transferred to capital provided that the Company has no deficit. However, the amount that can be transferred to capital is limited to a certain percentage of paid-in capital every year.

Note 2: Such capital surplus arises from the effect of changes in ownership interests in subsidiaries under equity transactions when there is no actual acquisition or disposal of subsidiaries by the Company, or from changes in capital surplus of subsidiaries accounted for using equity method.

(18) Retained earnings

A. According to the Company's Articles of Incorporation, the current year's earnings, if any, shall first be used to pay all taxes and offset against prior year's operating losses and then be distributed as follows: 10% as legal reserve, and appropriate or reverse for special reserve until the legal reserve equals the Company's paid-in capital. The remaining earnings, if any, may be appropriated along with the accumulated unappropriated earnings according to a resolution proposed by the Board of Directors and resolved at the shareholders' meeting.

B. The Board of Directors of the Company may distribute all or part of dividends and bonuses, legal reserve and capital reserve in the form of cash, with the attendance of more than two-thirds of the directors and the resolution of more than half of the directors present, and reports it to the shareholders' meeting.

C. The Company's dividend policy is to distribute dividends to shareholders in line with current and future development plans, considering the investment environment, capital needs, and domestic and foreign competition conditions, and taking into account shareholders' interests and other factors. Shareholder dividends shall not be less than 40% of the distributable surplus of the current year, of which cash dividends should be more than 20% of the total dividends for shareholders, and the Board of Directors will submit it to the shareholders' meeting for resolution.

D. Except for covering accumulated deficit or issuing new stocks or cash to shareholders in proportion to their share ownership, the legal reserve shall not be used for any other purpose. The use of legal reserve for the issuance of stocks or cash to shareholders in proportion to their share ownership is permitted, provided that the distribution of the reserve is limited to the portion in excess of 25% of the Company's paid-in capital.

E. (a) In accordance with Order No. Financial-Supervisory-Securities-Corporate-1090150022, dated March 31, 2021, the Company shall set aside special reserve from the debit balance on other equity items at the balance sheet date before distributing earnings. When debit balance on other equity items is reversed subsequently, the reversed amount could be included in the distributable earnings.

~42~

(b) The amounts previously set aside by the Company as special reserve in accordance with Order No. Financial-Supervisory-Securities-Corporate-1010012865, dated April 6, 2012, shall be reversed proportionately when the relevant assets are used, disposed of or reclassified subsequently. Such amounts are reversed upon disposal or reclassified if the assets are investment property of land, and reversed over the use period if the assets are investment property other than land.

F. The appropriations of 2023 earnings had been resolved at the Board of Directors' meeting on May 30, 2024. The appropriations of 2022 earnings had been resolved at the shareholders' meeting on May 31, 2023. Details are summarized below:

	Years ended December 31,
	2023		2022
	Amount	Dividend per share (in dollars)	Amount	Dividend per share (in dollars)
Legal reserve appropriated	$ 43,884		$ 40,788
Provision for (reversal of) special reserve	(15,099)		(10,898)
Cash dividend	222,372	$ 3.00	222,372	$ 3.00

G. The appropriation of 2024 earnings proposed by the Board of Directors on February 24, 2025 is as follows:

	Year ended December 31, 2024
	Amount	Dividend per share (in dollars)
Legal reserve	$ 37,291
special reserve	(13,421)
Cash dividends	222,372	$ 3.00

H. Refer to Note 6 (25) for further information relating to employees' compensation and directors' and supervisors' remuneration.

(19) Operating revenue

A. Disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers

The Company derives revenue primarily from the transfer of goods at a point in time in the following products:

	Years ended December 31,
	2024	2023
Auto parts	$ 1,513,312	$ 1,444,806
Others	13,055	12,153
	$ 1,526,367	$ 1,456,959

~44~

B. Contract liabilities

The Company has recognised the following revenue-related contract liabilities:

	December 31, 2024	December 31, 2023	January 1, 2023
Contract liabilities:
Contract liabilities
- advance sales receipts	$ 3,024	$ 1,866	$ 2,811

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, revenue recognised that were included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period amounted to $1,738 and $2,314, respectively.

(20) Interest income

	Years ended December 31,
	2024	2023
Interest income from bank deposits	$ 22,548	$ 33,636
Interest income from loans to related parties	16,258	15,413
	$ 38,806	$ 49,049

(21) Other income

	Years ended December 31,
	2024	2023
Dividend income	$ 7,576	$ 6,733
Rent income	4,152	4,856
Revenue for government grants	2,167	1,682
Other income - others	25,099	38,320
	$ 38,994	$ 51,591

(22) Other gains and losses

	Years ended December 31,
	2024	2023
Foreign exchange losses	$ 99,895	$ 62,464
Gains on financial assets and liabilities at fair value through profit or loss	10,112	6,415
Gains on disposal of property, plant and equipment	2,199	-
Other losses	( 897)	( 64)
	$ 111,309	$ 68,815

(23) Finance costs

	Years ended December 31,
	2024	2023
Interest expense	$ 9,629	$ 10,644

(24) Expenses by nature

	Year ended December 31, 2024
	Classified as Operating Costs	Classified as Operating Expenses	Total
Employee benefit expense	$ 139,052	$ 84,124	$ 223,176
Depreciation charges on property, plant and equipment	264,662	24,486	289,148
Depreciation charges on right-of-use assets	-	5,389	5,389
Amortisation	2,036	3,496	5,532
	$ 405,750	$ 117,495	$ 523,245
	Year ended December 31, 2023
	Classified as Operating Costs	Classified as Operating Expenses	Total
Employee benefit expense	$ 133,713	$ 88,217	$ 221,930
Depreciation charges on property, plant and equipment	257,491	21,232	278,723
Depreciation charges on right-of-use assets	-	2,678	2,678
Amortisation	2,916	3,315	6,231
	$ 394,120	$ 115,442	$ 509,562

(25) Employee benefit expense

	Year ended December 31, 2024
	Classified as Operating Costs	Classified as Operating Expenses	Total
Wages and salaries	$ 114,548	$ 68,189	$ 182,737
Labour and health insurance fees	12,577	4,511	17,088
Pension costs	4,121	2,427	6,548
Directors’ remuneration	-	7,239	7,239
Other personnel expenses	7,806	1,758	9,564
	$ 139,052	$ 84,124	$ 223,176
	Year ended December 31, 2023
	Classified as Operating Costs	Classified as Operating Expenses	Total
Wages and salaries	$ 110,770	$ 72,656	$ 183,426
Labour and health insurance fees	12,169	4,748	16,917
Pension costs	3,766	2,572	6,338
Directors’ remuneration	-	6,427	6,427
Other personnel expenses	7,008	1,814	8,822
	$ 133,713	$ 88,217	$ 221,930

A. Under the Company's Articles of Incorporation, the current year's earnings, if any, shall appropriate 1%~3% for employees' compensation and no higher than 3% for directors' remuneration. If the Company has accumulated deficit, earnings should be reserved to cover losses and then be appropriated as employees' compensation and directors' remuneration based on the abovementioned ratios.

B. For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the accrued employees' compensation and directors' remuneration were as follows:

	Years ended December 31,
	2024	2023
Employees' compensation	$ 8,892	$ 8,425
Directors' remuneration	5,928	5,841
	$ 14,820	$ 14,266

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the employees' compensation and directors' remuneration were estimated and accrued based on 1.8% and 1.5% as well as 1.2% and 1%, respectively, of distributable profit of current year as of the end of reporting period.

C. Employees' compensation and directors' remuneration of 2023 as resolved by the Board of Directors were in agreement with those amounts recognised in the 2023 financial statements.

D. Information about employees' compensation and directors' remuneration of the Company as resolved at the meeting of Board of Directors will be posted in the "Market Observation Post System" at the website of the Taiwan Stock Exchange.

E. As at December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had 284 and 281 employees, including 4 non-employee directors.

F. Average employee benefit expenses in current and previous years were $771 and $778, respectively.

G. Average employees salaries in current and previous years were $653 and $662, respectively.

H. Adjustment of average employees salaries was (1.36%).

I. The directors' emolument includes directors' salaries, transportation allowances and remuneration from earnings. Directors' salaries are determined based on the pay levels in the same industry. Transportation allowances are paid based on their attendance to the board meetings. Directors' remuneration from earnings are appropriated in accordance with the Articles of Incorporation of the Company, which shall be reviewed by the Remuneration Committee, resolved by the Board of Directors and approved at the shareholders' meeting. The salary to an individual director is determined based on each director's performance results assessed according to 'Regulations Governing the Board Performance Evaluation' and then calculated in accordance with the 'Rules for Distribution of Remuneration to Directors'. The salary payments shall be submitted to be reviewed by the Remuneration Committee and resolved by Board of Directors. Managers' and employees' emoluments include salaries, bonuses, employee compensations, pensions, etc. Salaries are determined based on the positions and responsibilities assumed by each manager or

~46~

employee by reference to the pay levels for the same position in the same industry and the individual's performance results assessed according to ‘Regulations Governing Performance Evaluation’. The managers’ emolument shall be reviewed by the Remuneration Committee and resolved by the Board of Directors.

(26) Income tax

A. Income tax expense

(a) Components of income tax expense

	Years ended December 31,
	2024	2023
Current tax:
Current tax on profits for the year	$ 122,329	$ 127,577
Prior year income tax over estimation	( 17,349)	( 13,026)
Total current tax	104,980	114,551
Deferred tax:
Origination and reversal of temporary differences	2,571	( 2,811)
Total deferred tax	2,571	( 2,811)
Income tax expense	$ 107,551	$ 111,740

(b) The income tax (charge)/credit relating to components of other comprehensive income is as follows:

	Years ended December 31,
	2024	2023
Remeasurement of defined benefit obligations	($ 324)	($ 794)

B. Reconciliation between income tax expense and accounting profit

	Years ended December 31,
	2024	2023
Tax calculated based on profit before tax and statutory tax rate	$ 96,702	$ 109,480
Expenses disallowed by tax regulation	12	-
Tax exempt income by tax regulation	( 3,836)	( 3,728)
Temporary differences not recognised as deferred tax assets	32,109	11,877
Change in assessment of realisation of deferred tax assets	( 87)	7,137
Prior year income tax overestimation	( 17,349)	( 13,026)
Income tax expense	$ 107,551	$ 111,740

C. Amounts of deferred tax assets or liabilities as a result of temporary differences, tax losses and investment tax credits are as follows:

	2024
	January 1	Recognised in profit or loss	Recognised in other comprehensive income	December 31
Deferred tax assets:
Unrealised exchange loss	$ 5,474	( 5,474)	-	$ -
Inventory valuation loss	5,088	2,545	-	7,633
Defined benefit plan	729	( 37)	( 324)	368
Share of profit (loss) of subsidiaries accounted for under the equity method	80,563	-	-	80,563
Others	4,127	1,773	-	5,900
	$ 95,981	($ 1,193)	($ 324)	$ 94,464
Deferred tax liabilities:
Gains on valuation of financial instruments at fair value through profit or loss	$ -	( 1,378)	-	($ 1,378)
	$ 95,981	($ 2,571)	($ 324)	$ 93,086
	2023
	January 1	Recognised in profit or loss	Recognised in other comprehensive income	December 31
Deferred tax assets:
Unrealised exchange loss	$ 3,696	$ 1,778	$ -	$ 5,474
Inventory valuation loss	6,120	( 1,032)	-	5,088
Losses on valuation of financial instruments at fair value through profit or loss	-	590	-	590
Defined benefit plan	1,551	( 28)	( 794)	729
Share of profit (loss) of subsidiaries accounted for under the equity method	80,563	-	-	80,563
Others	2,547	990	-	3,537
	$ 94,477	$ 2,298	($ 794)	$ 95,981
Deferred tax liabilities:
Gains on valuation of financial instruments at fair value through profit or loss	($ 513)	513	-	$ -
	$ 93,964	$ 2,811	($ 794)	$ 95,981

D. The amounts of deductible temporary difference that are not recognised as deferred tax assets are as follows:

	December 31, 2024	December 31, 2023
Deductible temporary differences	$ 481,031	$ 310,196

E. The Company's and domestic subsidiaries' income tax returns through 2022 have been assessed and approved by the Tax Authority.

F. As of December 31, 2024, relevant information of current income tax liabilities and non-current income tax liabilities is as follows:

	December 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	Income tax payable		Income tax payable
	Current (Within an year)	Non-current (Over 1 year)	Current (Within an year)	Non-current (Over 1 year)
2021	$ -	$ -	$ 11,999	$ 3,789
2022	37,055	969	37,055	52,494
2023	-	-	139,105	-
2024	56,151	-	-	-
	$ 93,206	$ 969	$ 188,159	$ 56,283

(27) Earnings per share

Earnings per share of ordinary shares:

	Year ended December 31, 2024
	Amount after tax	Weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding (share in thousands)	Earnings per share (in dollars)
Basic earnings per share
Profit for the year	$ 371,612	74,124	$ 5.01
Diluted earnings per share
Profit for the year	371,612	74,124
Assumed conversion of all dilutive potential ordinary shares
-Employees’ compensation	-	183
Profit for the year plus assumed conversion of all dilutive potential ordinary shares	$ 371,612	74,307	$ 5.00

~50~

Year ended December 31, 2023

	Amount after tax	Weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding (share in thousands)	Earnings per share (in dollars)
Basic earnings per share
Profit for the year	$ 435,661	74,124	$ 5.88
Diluted earnings per share
Profit for the year	435,661	74,124
Assumed conversion of all dilutive potential ordinary shares
-Employees’ compensation	-	162
Profit for the year plus assumed conversion of all dilutive potential ordinary shares	$ 435,661	74,286	$ 5.86

(28) Supplemental cash flow information

A. Investing activities with partial cash payments in property, plant and equipment:

	December 31, 2024	December 31, 2023
Purchase of property, plant and equipment	$ 223,619	$ 158,412
Add: Opening balance of payable on equipment and construction	43,263	44,189
Opening balance of notes payable	105,428	102,954
Less: Ending balance of payable on equipment and construction	( 35,366)	( 43,263)
Ending balance of notes payable	( 21,445)	( 105,428)
Transfer of inventory to property, plant and equipment	( 7,251)	( 2,199)
Cash paid during the year	$ 308,248	$ 154,665
	December 31, 2024	December 31, 2023
Transfer of property, plant and equipment	$ 129,949	$ 81,846
Add: Ending balance of prepayment for equipment	213,096	304,136
Less: Opening balance of prepayment for equipment	( 304,136)	( 124,734)
Cash paid during the period	$ 38,909	$ 261,248

B. Investing activities with partial cash payments:

	December 31, 2024	December 31, 2023
Purchase of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss	$ -	$ 10,880
Add: Opening balance of securities payables	-	1,383
Cash paid during the year	$ -	$ 12,263

(29) Changes in liabilities from financing activities

| | Long-term borrowings
(including current portion) | Lease liabilities
(including non-current) | Dividends payable | Liabilities from financing activities-gross |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| At January 1, 2024 | $ 580,013 | $ 22,663 | $ - | $ 602,676 |
| Changes in cash flow from financing activities | ( 133,167) | ( 5,308) | ( 222,372) | ( 360,847) |
| Changes in other non-cash items | 1,458 | - | 222,372 | 223,830 |
| At December 31, 2024 | $ 448,304 | $ 17,355 | $ - | $ 465,659 |
| | Long-term borrowings
(including current portion) | Lease liabilities
(including non-current) | Dividends payable | Liabilities from financing activities-gross |
| At January 1, 2023 | $ 736,032 | $ 6,693 | $ - | $ 742,725 |
| Changes in cash flow from financing activities | ( 154,424) | ( 2,663) | ( 222,372) | ( 379,459) |
| Changes in other non-cash items | ( 1,596) | 18,925 | 222,372 | 239,701 |
| At December 31, 2023 | $ 580,012 | $ 22,663 | $ - | $ 602,967 |

~51~

~52~

7. Related Party Transactions

(1) Names of related parties and relationship

Names of related parties	Relationship with the Company
RISE BRIGHT HOLDINGS LTD. (RISE BRIGHT)	The Company’s subsidiary
UNITED SKILLS CO., LTD. (UNITED SKILLS)	The Company’s subsidiary
CHANG JIE TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. (CHANG JIE)	The Company’s subsidiary
CHANGSHU FUTE AUTOMOTIVE TRIM CO., LTD. (CHANGSHU FUTE)	The Company’s subsidiary
CHANGSHU XINXIANG AUTOMOBILE PARTS CO., LTD. (CHANGSHU XINXIANG)	The Company’s subsidiary (Note)
LIAONING HETAI AUTOMOTIVE PARTS CO., LTD. (LIAONING HETAI)	The Company’s subsidiary
HAO QUN INVESTMENT & DEVELOPMENT CO.,LTD	The corporate representative of the company's director is its chairperson.
SONG QUN INVESTMENT & DEVELOPMENT CO.,LTD	The corporate representative of the company's director is its director.
HE HAN INVESTMENT CO.,LTD	The corporate representative of the company's director is its director.

Note : In order to simplify the organizational structure, CHANGSHU FUTE AUTOMOTIVE TRIM CO., LTD. used November 30, 2023 as the merger base date to absorb and merge with CHANGSHU XINXIANG AUTOMOBILE PARTS CO., LTD.

(2) Significant related party transactions

A. Operating revenue

	Years ended December 31,
	2024	2023
Sales of goods:
Subsidiaries	$ 16,110	$ 12,188

Goods are sold based on the price that would be available to general customers. The credit terms to related parties and general customer are 30~90 days and 60~120 days after the monthly billings, respectively.

B. Purchases

	Years ended December 31,
	2024	2023
Purchases of goods:
Subsidiaries	$ 10,933	$ 9,044

Goods are purchased based on the price that would be available to general customers. The transaction price and payment terms are not significantly different from those of general suppliers. The payment terms of general manufacturers are prepayments.

C. Receivables from related parties

	December 31, 2024	December 31, 2023
Accounts receivable:
CHANG JIE	$ 11,290	$ 10,867
RISE BRIGHT	8,180	7,241
UNITED SKILLS	2,644	-
	$ 22,114	$ 18,108
Other receivables:
Subsidiaries	$ 12,999	$ 17,702

The receivables from related parties arise mainly from sales of automatic equipment and goods. Other receivables arise mainly from technical service revenue. The receivables are unsecured in nature and bear no interest. There are no allowances for uncollectible accounts held against receivables from related parties.

D. Prepayments (shown as other current assets)

	December 31, 2024	December 31, 2023
CHANG JIE	$ 14,496	$ 8,353
RISE BRIGHT	1,203	-
	$ 15,699	$ 8,353

The prepayments mainly represent the purchase of steel products from CHANG JIE.

E. Acquisition of financial assets:

	Accounts	No. of shares (Thousand shares)	Years ended December 31, 2024
			Objects	Consideration
UNITED SKILLS	Investments accounted for using equity method	4,800	Stock	$ 48,000

F. Technical service revenue (shown as other income)

	Years ended December 31,
	2024	2023
CHANGSHU FUTE	$ 6,936	$ 7,477
Subsidiaries	60	6,729
	$ 6,996	$ 14,206

Technical service revenue refers to the supervision services rendered by the Company to CHANGSHU FUTE、LIAONING HETAI and CHANG JIE, including wages and salaries, meal expenses, insurance expenses and other expenses.

I. Loans to/from related parties

(a) Loans to related parties

i. Outstanding balance

	December 31, 2024	December 31, 2023
CHANGSHU FUTE	$ 208,947	$ 379,602
RISE BRIGHT	114,748	107,468
LIAONING HETAI	76,365	121,776
UNITED SKILLS	25,000	-
	$ 425,060	$ 608,846

ii. Interest receivable

	December 31, 2024	December 31, 2023
Subsidiaries	$ 1,041	$ 6,812

iii. Interest income

	Years ended December 31,
	2024	2023
CHANGSHU FUTE	$ 9,644	$ 8,105
LIAONING HETAI	4,941	5,777
RISE BRIGHT	1,557	1,531
UNITED SKILLS	116	-
	$ 16,258	$ 15,413

The loans carry interest at 0.77%~4.35% and 1.4%~5% per annum for both the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

J. Endorsements and guarantees provided to related parties

Information on provision of endorsements and guarantees to others is provided in Note 13(1)B.

(3) Key management compensation

Salaries and other short-term employee benefits
Post-employment benefits

Years ended December 31,
2024	2023
$ 22,172	$ 21,668
15	56
$ 22,187	$ 21,724

~55~

8. Pledged Assets

The Company's assets pledged as collateral are as follows:

Pledged asset	Book value		Purpose
	December 31, 2024	December 31, 2023
Property, plant and equipment	$ 960,582	$ 1,023,108	Short-term borrowings and long-term borrowings
Financial assets at amortised cost - non-current (shown as other non-current assets)	300	300	Natural gas for manufacturing
	$ 960,882	$ 1,023,408

9. Significant Contingent Liabilities and Unrecognised Contract Commitments

(1) Contingencies

None.

(2) Commitments

As at December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company's capital expenditure contracted but not yet incurred in respect of machinery and equipment as well as construction of plants were $199,038 and $168,542, respectively.

10. Significant Disaster Loss

None.

11. Significant Events after the Balance Sheet Date

None.

12. Others

(1) Capital management

A. The Company's objectives when managing capital are to safeguard the Company's ability to continue as a going concern in order to maximise returns for shareholders and to optimise the balance of liabilities and equity.

B. The Company's capital structure comprises net liabilities (borrowings net of cash and cash equivalents) and equity (common shares, capital surplus, retained earnings, other equity interest and non-controlling interests).

C. The Company has no obligation to comply with any external capital requirements.

D. The key management of the Company monitors the capital structure every year, including capital costs and related risks, and the Company may adjust capital structure by paying dividends to shareholders, issuing new shares, buying shares back and issuing new bonds or repaying old bonds based on the advices from the management.

(2) Financial instruments

A. Financial instruments by category

	December 31, 2024	December 31, 2023
Financial assets
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
Financial assets mandatorily measured at fair value through profit or loss	$ 128,867	$ 124,815
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income
Designation of equity instrument instrument	$ 127,432	$ 128,299
Financial assets at amortised cost
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 478,167	$ 252,454
Financial assets at amortised cost	29,467	126,190
Notes receivable	11,797	16,821
Accounts receivable (including related parties)	346,896	312,097
Other receivables (including related parties)	441,376	642,863
Guarantee deposits paid	6,754	6,754
	$ 1,314,457	$ 1,357,179
	December 31, 2024	December 31, 2023
Financial liabilities
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss
Financial liabilities held for trading	$ -	$ 2,952
Financial liabilities at amortised cost
Notes payable	$ 115,943	$ 178,103
Accounts payable	22,531	20,981
Other payables	136,830	137,444
Long-term borrowings (including current portion)	448,304	580,013
	$ 723,608	$ 916,541
Lease liabilities (including current portion)	$ 17,355	$ 22,663

B. Financial risk management policies

(a) The Company’s activities expose it to a variety of financial risks: market risk (including foreign exchange risk and interest rate risk), credit risk and liquidity risk. To minimise any adverse effects on the financial performance of the Company, derivative financial instruments, such as foreign exchange forward contracts are used to hedge certain exchange rate risk. Derivatives are used for hedging exchange rate risk arising from export proceeds by using forward foreign exchange contracts.

(b) The Company treasury performs the financial risk management for each business unit. The treasury operates in domestic and international financial markets through planning and coordination, as well as monitors and manages the financial risks related to the Company's operation based on internal risk reports about exposure to risk with the analysis of the extent and width of risk.

The Board of Directors of the Company supervises the compliance by the management with financial risk policy and procedure, and reviews the appropriateness of structure of financial risk related to the Company. The internal auditors act as supervisors to assist the Board of Directors of the Company by conducting regular and irregular reviews, and report the results to the Board of Directors.

(c) Information about derivative financial instruments that are used to hedge certain exchange rate risk are provided in Note 6(2).

C. Significant financial risks and degrees of financial risks

(a) Market risk

Foreign exchange risk

i. The Company operates internationally and is exposed to foreign exchange risk arising from the transactions of the Company used in various functional currency, primarily with respect to the United States Dollar and Chinese Renminbi. Foreign exchange risk arises from future commercial transactions and recognised assets and liabilities.

ii. The Company is required to hedge their entire foreign exchange risk exposure with the treasury. Exchange rate risk is measured through a forecast of highly probable United States Dollar and Chinese Renminbi expenditures. Company uses natural hedge to decrease the risk exposure in the foreign currency through the treasury.

iii. The Company hedges foreign exchange rate by using forward exchange contracts. However, the Company does not adopt hedging accounting. Details of financial assets or liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are provided in Note 6(2).

iv. The Company's businesses involve some non-functional currency operations (the Company's functional currency: New Taiwan Dollars. The information on assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies whose values would be materially affected by the exchange rate fluctuations and analysis of foreign currency market risk arising from significant foreign exchange variation is as follows:

~57~

	December 31, 2024
	Foreign currency amount (In thousands)	Exchange rate	Book value (NTD)
(Foreign currency: functional currency)
Financial assets
Monetary items
USD : NTD	$22,994	32.79	$753,853
RMB : NTD	81,152	4.48	363,401
Non-monetary items
Investments accounted for using equity method
USD : NTD	$9,422	32.79	$308,916
	December 31, 2023
	Foreign currency amount (In thousands)	Exchange rate	Book value (NTD)
(Foreign currency: functional currency)
Financial assets
Monetary items
USD : NTD	$28,521	30.71	$875,737
RMB : NTD	98,232	4.33	425,050
Non-monetary items
Investments accounted for using equity method
USD : NTD	$14,822	30.71	$455,103
v. The total exchange (loss) gain, including realised and unrealised, arising from significant foreign exchange variation on the monetary items held by the Company for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, amounted to $99,895 and $62,464, respectively.
vi. Analysis of foreign currency market risk arising from significant foreign exchange variation:

	Year ended December 31, 2024
	Sensitivity analysis
	Degree of variation	Effect on profit or loss	Effect on other comprehensive income
(Foreign currency: functional currency)
Financial assets
Monetary items
USD : NTD	1%	$ 7,539	$ -
RMB : NTD	1%	3,634	-
Non-monetary items
Investments accounted for using equity method
USD : NTD	1%	$ 3,089	Not applicable
		Year ended December 31, 2023
		Sensitivity analysis
	Degree of variation	Effect on profit or loss	Effect on other comprehensive income
(Foreign currency: functional currency)
Financial assets
Monetary items
USD : NTD	1%	$ 8,757	$ -
RMB : NTD	1%	4,251	-
Non-monetary items
Investments accounted for using equity method
USD : NTD	1%	$ 4,551	Not applicable
Price risk

i. The Company's equity securities, which are exposed to price risk, are the held financial assets (liabilities) at fair value through profit or loss and financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income. To manage its price risk arising from investments in equity securities, the Company diversifies its portfolio. Diversification of the portfolio is done in accordance with the limits set by the Company.

ii. The Company's investments in equity securities comprise shares issued by the domestic companies. The prices of equity securities would change due to the change of the future value of investee companies. If the prices of these equity securities had increased/decreased by 1% with all other variables held constant, pre-tax profit for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 would have decreased/increased by $1,289 and $1,248, respectively, as a result of losses/gains on equity securities classified as at fair value through profit or loss. Other components of equity would have increased/decreased by $1,274 and $1,283,

respectively, as a result of other comprehensive income classified as equity investment at fair value through other comprehensive income.

Cash flow and fair value interest rate risk

i. The Company’s main interest rate risk arises from short-term and long-term borrowings with variable rates, which expose the Company to cash flow interest rate risk. During the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company’s borrowings at variable rate were mainly denominated in New Taiwan Dollars and United States Dollars.

ii. If the borrowing interest rate had increased/decreased by 0.1% with all other variables held constant, profit before tax for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 would have increased/decreased by $449 and $582, respectively. The main factor is that changes in interest expense result in floating-rate borrowings.

(b) Credit risk

i. Credit risk refers to the risk of financial loss to the Company arising from default by the clients or counterparties of financial instruments on the contract obligations. The main factor is that counterparties could not repay in full the accounts receivable based on the agreed terms, and the contract cash flows of equity instruments stated at amortised cost, at fair value through profit or loss and at fair value through other comprehensive income.

ii. For banks and financial institutions, after reviewing deposit ratings, only the counterparties with good credit quality are accepted. According to the Company’s credit policy, the Company is responsible for managing and analysing the credit risk for each of their new clients before standard payment and delivery terms and conditions are offered. Internal risk control assesses the credit quality of the customers, taking into account their financial position, past experience and other factors. The utilisation of credit limits is regularly monitored.

iii. The Company adopts credit risk management procedure to assess whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk on that instrument since initial recognition. If the contract payments were past due over 3 months based on the terms, there has been a significant increase in credit risk on that instrument since initial recognition.

iv. In line with credit risk management procedure, the default occurs when the contract payments are past due over 180 days.

v. The Company used the forecastability to adjust historical and timely information to assess the default possibility of receivables (including notes receivable). On December 31, 2024 and 2023, the provision matrix is as follows:

~60~

~61~

	Not past due	1 to 61 days	61 to 120 days	Over 241 days	Total
December 31, 2024
Expected loss rate	0.05%	1.07%	13.93%	100%
Total book value	$ 289,303	$ 47,774	$ 4,276	$ 2,648	$ 344,001
Loss allowance	-	( 4,039)	( 735)	( 2,648)	( 7,422)
	$ 289,303	$ 43,735	$ 3,541	$ -	$ 336,579
	Not past due	1 to 61 days	61 to 120 days	Over 241 days	Total
December 31, 2023
Expected loss rate	0.05%	0.84%	6.51%	100%
Total book value	$ 266,872	$ 47,809	$ 843	$ 2,708	$ 318,232
Loss allowance	-	( 4,683)	( 31)	( 2,708)	( 7,422)
	$ 266,872	$ 43,126	$ 812	$ -	$ 310,810

vi. Movements in relation to the Company applying the simplified approach to provide loss allowance for accounts receivable are as follows:

At January 1/December 31	December 31, 2024
	Notes receivable	Accounts receivable	Total
	$ 207	$ 7,215	$ 7,422
	December 31, 2023
At January 1	$ 144	$ 7,111	7,255
Provision for impairment	85	704	789
Reversal of an impairment loss	( 22)	( 600)	( 622)
At December 31	$ 207	$ 7,215	$ 7,422

i. Cash flow forecasting is performed in the operating entities of the v and aggregated by Company treasury. Company treasury monitors rolling forecasts of the Company's liquidity requirements to ensure it has sufficient cash to meet operational needs while maintaining sufficient headroom on its undrawn committed borrowing facilities at all times so that the Company does not breach borrowing limits or covenants (where applicable) on any of its borrowing facilities.

ii. The Company has the following undrawn borrowing facilities:

Expiring within one year	December 31, 2024	December 31, 2023
	$ 300,000	$ 300,000

iii. The table below analyses the Company's non-derivative financial liabilities and net-settled or gross-settled derivative financial liabilities into relevant maturity groupings based on the remaining period at the balance sheet date to the contractual maturity date for non-derivative financial liabilities and to the expected maturity date for derivative financial liabilities. The amounts disclosed in the table are the contractual undiscounted cash flows.

Non-derivative financial liabilities:

December 31, 2024	Less than 1 year	Between 1 and 2 years	Between 2 and 3 years	Between 3 and 5 years	Over 5 years	Total
Notes payable	$ 115,943	$ -	$ -	$ -	$ -	$ 115,943
Accounts payable	22,531	-	-	-	-	22,531
Other payables	136,830	-	-	-	-	136,830
Lease liabilities	5,461	4,943	3,995	3,361	-	17,760
Long-term borrowings (including current portion)	141,343	146,185	40,812	79,619	57,232	465,191

Non-derivative financial liabilities:

December 31, 2023	Less than 1 year	Between 1 and 2 years	Between 2 and 3 years	Between 3 and 5 years	Over 5 years	Total
Notes payable	$ 178,103	$ -	$ -	$ -	$ -	$ 178,103
Accounts payable	20,981	-	-	-	-	20,981
Other payables	137,444	-	-	-	-	137,444
Lease liabilities	5,565	5,461	4,943	7,355	-	23,324
Long-term borrowings (including current portion)	155,083	154,399	152,380	61,578	61,936	585,376

(3) Fair value information

A. The different levels that the inputs to valuation techniques are used to measure fair value of financial and non-financial instruments have been defined as follows:

Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the entity can access at the measurement date. A market is regarded as active where a market in which transactions for the asset or liability take place with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis. The fair value of the Company's investment in listed stocks and over-the-counter stocks is included in Level 1.

Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. The fair value of the Company's investment in foreign exchange swap contracts is included in Level 2.

Level 3: Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.

B. For information on the fair value of investment real estate measured at cost, please refer to Note 6. (10).

C. Financial instruments not measured at fair value

The carrying amounts of financial instruments not measured at fair value are approximate to their fair value, including cash and cash equivalents, notes receivable, accounts receivable (including related parties), other receivables (including related parties), financial assets at amortised cost, guarantee deposits paid, short-term borrowings, notes payable, accounts payable (including related parties), other payables, long-term borrowings (including current portion) and guarantee deposits received.

D. The related information of financial and non-financial instruments measured at fair value by level on the basis of the nature, characteristics and risks of the assets and liabilities at December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

(a) The related information of natures of the assets and liabilities is as follows:

	Level 1	Level 2	Level 3	Total
December 31, 2024
Assets
Recurring fair value measurements
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss	$ 128,475	$ 392	$ -	$ 128,867
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income
- Equity securities	$ 127,432	$ -	$ -	$ 127,432
	Level 1	Level 2	Level 3	Total
December 31, 2023
Assets
Recurring fair value measurements
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss	$ 124,815	$ -	$ -	$ 124,815
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income
- Equity securities	$ 128,299	$ -	$ -	$ 128,299
Liabilities
Recurring fair value measurements
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss	$ -	$ 2,952	$ -	$ 2,952

(b) The methods and assumptions the Company used to measure fair value are as follows:

i. The instruments the Company used market quoted prices as their fair values (that is, Level 1) are listed below by characteristics:

Market quoted price	Listed shares
	Closing price

ii. Foreign exchange swap contracts are usually valued based on the current foreign exchange swap rate.

E. For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, there was no transfer between Level 1 and Level 2.
F. For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, there was no transfer into or out from Level 3.

Supplementary Disclosures

(1) Significant transactions information

A. Loans to others: Please refer to table 1.
B. Provision of endorsements and guarantees to others: None.
C. Holding of marketable securities at the end of the period (not including subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures): Please refer to table 2.
D. Acquisition or sale of the same security with the accumulated cost exceeding $300 million or 20% of the Company's paid-in capital: None.
E. Acquisition of real estate reaching NT$300 million or 20% of paid-in capital or more: None.
F. Disposal of real estate reaching NT$300 million or 20% of paid-in capital or more: None.
G. Purchases or sales of goods from or to related parties reaching NT$100 million or 20% of paid-in capital or more: None.
H. Receivables from related parties reaching $100 million or 20% of paid-in capital or more: Please refer to table 3.
I. Trading in derivative instruments undertaken during the reporting periods: Please refer to Notes 6(2) and 12(2).
J. Significant inter-company transactions during the reporting periods: Please refer to table 4.

(2) Information on investees

Names, locations and other information of investee companies (not including investees in Mainland China): Please refer to table 5.

(3) Information on investments in Mainland China

A. Basic information: Please refer to table 6.
B. Significant transactions, either directly or indirectly through a third area, with investee companies in the Mainland Area: Please refer to Note 13(1).

(4) Major shareholders information: Please refer to table 7.

Segment Information

Not applicable.

Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD. and subsidiaries

Loans to others

Year ended December 31, 2024

Table 1
Expressed in thousands of NTD
(Except as otherwise indicated)

No. (Note 1)	Creditor	Borrower	General ledger account	Is a related party	Maximum outstanding balance during the year ended December 31, 2024	Balance at December 31, 2024	Actual amount drawn down (Note 2)	Interest rate	Nature of loan (Note 4)	Amount of transactions with the borrower	Reason for short-term financing	Allowance for doubtful accounts	Collateral		Limit on loans granted to a single party (Note 3)	Ceiling on total loans granted (Note 3)	Earnings
													loss	Value
0	Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.	RISE BRIGHT HOLDINGS LTD.	Other receivables	Y	$ 229,495	$ 114,748	$ 114,748	1.40%	2	$ -	Operating capital	$ -	N	$ -	$ 410,985	$ 1,643,942
0	Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.	UNITED SKILLS CO., LTD.	Other receivables	Y	25,000	25,000	25,000	0.77%	2	-	Operating capital	-	N	-	410,985	1,643,942
0	Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.	CHANGSHI: FUTE AUTOMOTIVE TRIM CO.,	Other receivables	Y	579,489	273,172	200,947	4.00%	2	-	Operating capital	-	N	-	410,985	1,643,942	Note 5
0	Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.	LEADING HETAI AUTOMOTIVE PARTS CO.,LTD	Other receivables	Y	217,365	89,831	76,356	4.35%	2	-	Operating capital	-	N	-	410,985	1,643,942
0	CIONA FORT HOLDINGS LTD.	CHANGSHI: FUTE AUTOMOTIVE TRIM CO., LTD.	Other receivables	Y	16,393	16,393	-	-	2	-	Operating capital	-	N	-	31,700	127,120

Note 1: The numbers filled in for the loans provided by the Company or subsidiaries are as follows:
(1) The Company is "0".
(2) The subsidiaries are numbered in order starting from "1".
Note 2: Balance at December 31, 2024 and actual amount drawn down were calculated at the RMB to USD and USD to TWD spot buy and selling spot exchange rate of 0.14 and 32.79 on December 31, 2024.
Note 3: Limit on total loans granted to others by the Company is 40% of the net assets and limit on loans granted to a single party is 10% of the net assets.
Note 4: The nature of the loan are as follows:
(1) Fill in "1" for business transaction.
(2) Fill in "2" for short-term financing.
Note 5: The maximum outstanding balance of loans granted to CHANGSHI: FUTE AUTOMOTIVE TRIM CO., LTD. by Y.C.C. amounted to NTS379,489, which exceeds the capital loan limit for single parties. However, after a board meeting, the capital loan limit was increased, and the company actually did not exceed the limit. The maximum amount includes NTS89,831, NT$65,570,NT$90,550 and NT$60,366, which are used to repay the capital loans due in January 2024, March 2024, August 2024 and November 2024. The total loan limit after borrowing new funds and repaying old ones is NTS373,172.

Table 1, Page 1

Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD. and subsidiaries

Holding of marketable securities at the end of the period (not including subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures)

December 31, 2024

Expressed in thousands of NTD

(Except as otherwise indicated)

Table 2

Securities held by	Marketable securities	Relationship with the securities issuer	General ledger account	As of December 31, 2024
				Number of shares	Book value	Ownership (%)	Fair value
Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.	HIROCA HOLDINGS LTD.	N	Current financial assets at fair value through profit or loss	443,000	$ 27,518	0.53%	$ 12,027
Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.	GORDON AUTO BODY PARTS CO., LTD.	N	Current financial assets at fair value through profit or loss	2,518,000	25,540	1.52%	95,810
Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.	ROUNDTOP MACHINERY INDUSTRIES CO., LTD.	N	Current financial assets at fair value through profit or loss	73,000	3,342	0.05%	1,993
Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.	NUUO INC.	N	Current financial assets at fair value through profit or loss	5,071	278	0.04%	527
Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.	TANVEX BIOLOGICS CORPORATION	N	Current financial assets at fair value through profit or loss	277,869	37,717	0.17%	18,118
UNITED SKILLS CO., LTD.	WANHWA ENTERPRISE COMPANY	N	Current financial assets at fair value through profit or loss	100,000	1,227	0.02%	1,235
UNITED SKILLS CO., LTD.	LASTER TECH CO., LTD.	N	Current financial assets at fair value through profit or loss	103,000	3,609	0.09%	3,574
UNITED SKILLS CO., LTD.	COWEALTH MEDICAL HOLDING CO., LTD.	N	Current financial assets at fair value through profit or loss	68,000	2,038	0.09%	1,391
UNITED SKILLS CO., LTD.	GLOBAL BRANDS MANUFACTURE LTD.	N	Current financial assets at fair value through profit or loss	20,000	769	0.00%	1150
UNITED SKILLS CO., LTD.	TANVEX BIOLOGICS CORPORATION	N	Current financial assets at fair value through profit or loss	1,667	235	0.00%	108
			Valuation adjustment		33,660		$ 135,933
					$ 135,933
Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.	HIROCA HOLDINGS LTD.	N	Non-current financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income	855,000	$ 81,855	1.02%	$ 23,213
Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.	GORDON AUTO BODY PARTS CO., LTD.	N	Non-current financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income	2,739,000	46,680	1.66%	104,219
			Valuation adjustment		( 1,103)		$ 127,432
					$ 127,432

Table 2, Page 1

Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD. and subsidiaries

Receivables from related parties reaching NT$100 million or 20% of paid-in capital or more

December 31, 2024

Table 3
Expressed in thousands of NTD
(Except as otherwise indicated)

Creditor	Counterparty	Relationship with the counterparty	Balance as at December 31, 2024 (Note 1)	Turnover rate (Note 4)	Overdue receivables		Amount collected subsequent to the balance sheet date (Note 5)	Allowance for doubtful accounts	Footnote
					Amount	Action taken
Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.	CHANGSHU FUTE AUTOMOTIVE TRIM CO., LTD.	Subsidiary	$ 208,947	-	$ -	-	$ -	$ -	Note 2
Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.	RISE BRIGHT HOLDINGS LTD.	Subsidiary	123,905	-	-	-	-	-	Note 3

Note 1: The transactions were eliminated when preparing the consolidated financial statements.
Note 2: It pertains to principal and interest aggregating to $208,947 from loans to the subsidiary shown as other receivables.
Note 3: It pertains to principal and interest aggregating to $115,725 from loans to the subsidiary shown as other receivables and sales of product amounting to $8,180 shown as accounts receivable.
Note 4: Only accounts receivable was used for the calculation of turnover rate.
Note 5: Subsequent collection is the amount collected as of February 7, 2025.

Table 3, Page 1

Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD. and subsidiaries

Significant inter-company transactions during the reporting periods

Year ended December 31, 2024

Table 4
Expressed in thousands of NTD
(Except as otherwise indicated)

Number (Note 1)	Company name	Counterparty	Relationship (Note 2)	Transaction
				General ledger account	Amount	Transaction terms	Percentage of consolidated total operating revenues or total assets (Note 3)
0	Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.	RISE BRIGHT HOLDINGS LTD.	1	Other receivables	$ 123,905	Based on the contract	2.42%
0	Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.	CHANGSHU FUTE AUTOMOTIVE TRIM CO., LTD.	1	Other receivables	208,947	Based on the contract	4.09%
0	Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.	LIAGNING HETAI AUTOMOTIVE PARTS CO.,LTD	1	Other receivables	79,897	Based on the contract	1.56%
0	Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.	UNITED SKILLS CO., LTD.	1	Other receivables	25,085	Based on the contract	0.49%
0	Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.	CHANG JIE TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.	1	Accounts receivables	11,290	Based on the contract	0.22%
0	Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.	RISE BRIGHT HOLDINGS LTD.	1	Sales revenue	12,755	Based on the contract	0.66%
1	CHANG JIE TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.	Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.	2	Contract liabilities	14,496	Based on the contract	0.28%

Note 1: The numbers filled in for the transaction company in respect of inter-company transactions are as follows:
(1) Parent company is '0'.
(2) The subsidiaries are numbered in order starting from '1'.
Note 2: Relationship between transaction company and counterparty is classified into the following three categories; fill in the number of category each case belongs to (If transactions between parent company and subsidiaries or between subsidiaries refer to the same transaction, and subsidiaries or between subsidiaries refer to it is not required to disclose twice. For example, if the parent company has already disclosed its transaction with a subsidiary, then the subsidiary is not required to disclose the transaction; for transactions between two subsidiaries, if one of the subsidiaries has disclosed the transaction, then the other is not required to disclose the transaction.):
(1) Parent company to subsidiary.
(2) Subsidiary to parent company.
(3) Subsidiary to subsidiary.
Note 3: Regarding percentage of transaction amount to consolidated total operating revenues or total assets, it is computed based on period-end balance of transaction to consolidated total assets for balance sheet accounts and based on accumulated transaction amount for the period to consolidated total operating revenues for income statement accounts.
Note 4: Transaction amount that did not reach $10 million or more will not be disclosed.
Note 5: The transactions were eliminated when preparing the consolidated financial statements.

Table 4, Page 1

Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD. and subsidiaries

Information on investees

Year ended December 31, 2024

Table 5
Expressed in thousands of NTD
(Except as otherwise indicated)

Investor	Investee	Location	Main business activities	Initial investment amount		Shares held as at December 31, 2024			Net profit (loss) of the investee for the year ended December 31, 2024	Investment income (loss) recognised by the Company for the year ended December 31, 2024	Footnote
				Balance as at December 31, 2024	Balance as at December 31, 2023	Number of shares	Ownership (%)	Book value
Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.	UNITED SKILLS CO., LTD.	Taiwan	Wholesale and retail of health supplements, online shopping and mail order	$ 98,000	$ 50,000	9,800	100.00%	$ 104,404	$ 5,486	$ 5,486	Subsidiary (Note 1)
Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.	RISE BRIGHT HOLDINGS LTD.	Samoa	Holding company	1,235,358	1,235,358	-	100.00%	298,556	( 170,835)	( 170,835)	Subsidiary (Note 2)
RISE BRIGHT HOLDINGS LTD.	CHINA FIRST HOLDINGS LTD.	Samoa	Holding company	1,158,673	1,158,673	-	89.44%	284,201	( 154,815)	( 138,868)	Subsidiary (Note 2)

Note 1: The Company passed a resolution by the Board of Directors to invest NT$100,000 thousand in its subsidiary UNITED SKILLS in installments on March 7, 2024. As of December 31, 2024, the Company increased its capital NT$48,000 thousand and the change in registration was completed. However, on November 6, 2024, the Board of Directors resolved to cancel the remaining investment plan for the capital increase as the subsidiary, United Skills Co., Ltd. has no capital needs in the short-term.
Note2: The company does not hold any share in the investee because the investee is a limited company.

Table 5, Page 1

Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD. and subsidiaries

Information on investments in Mainland China

Year ended December 31, 2024

Expressed in thousands of NTD

(Except as otherwise indicated)

Investor in Mainland China	Main business activities	Paid-in capital	Investment method (Note 1)	Account remitted from Taiwan to Mainland China/Amount remitted from Taiwan for the Year ended December 31, 2024			Accumulated amount of remittance		Ownership held by the Company (direct or indirect)	Investment income (loss) recognised by the Company for the year ended December 31, 2024 (Note 5)	Book value of investments in Mainland China as of December 31, 2024	Accumulated amount of investment income remitted back to Taiwan as of December 31, 2024	Footnote
				from Taiwan to Mainland China as of January 1, 2024	Remitted to Mainland China	Remitted back to Taiwan	from Taiwan to Mainland China as of December 31, 2024	Net income of investor as of December 31, 2024
CHANGSHU FUTE AUTOMOTIVE TRIM CO., LTD.	Injecting and surface coating parts of air bags with inflation system covers, interior and exterior accessories of air bag and electronic equipment systems	$ 483,600	2	$ 890,664	$ -	$ -	$ 890,664	($ 148,737)	89.44%	($ 133,030)	$ 58,449	$ -	Note 2 Note 5
LIAONING HETAI AUTOMOTIVE PARTS CO., LTD.	Injecting and surface coating parts of air bags with inflation system covers, interior and exterior accessories of air bag and electronic equipment systems	347,588	2	268,009	-	-	268,009	( 7,732)	73.89%	( 5,713)	204,872	-	Note 3
CHANG HE TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.	Injecting and surface coating air bag covers of automobiles producing and selling various accessories of automobiles and automatic production equipments for spraying	176,406	2	177,602	-	-	177,602	( 30,073)	99.83%	( 30,022)	118,973	-	Note 4

Note 1: Investment methods are classified into the following three categories:
(1) Directly invest in a company in Mainland China.
(2) Through investing in existing companies in the third area, RISE BRIGHT HOLDINGS LTD. and CHINA FIRST HOLDINGS LTD., which then invested in the investor in Mainland China.
(3) Others.
Note 2: Paid-in capital is US$16,000 thousand and accumulated amount of remittance from Taiwan to Mainland China is US$28,300 thousand.
Note 3: Paid-in capital is US$11,500 thousand and accumulated amount of remittance from Taiwan to Mainland China is US$8,591 thousand.
Note 4: Paid-in capital is US$6,080 thousand and accumulated amount of remittance from Taiwan to Mainland China is US$6,070 thousand.
Note 5: Investment income (loss) recognised by the Company for the Year ended December 31, 2024 was based on the financial statements that were audited by parent company's CPA.

Company name	Accumulated amount of remittance from Taiwan to Mainland China as of December 31, 2024	Investment amount approved by the Investment Commission of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (MOEA)	Ceiling on investments in Mainland China imposed by the Investment Commission of MOEA
Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.	$ 1,336,275	$ 1,432,154	$ 2,465,912

Note 1: Calculation for ceiling on investments in Mainland China (60% of net assets) is based on MOEA "Regulations Governing the Permission of Investment or Technical Cooperation in Mainland Area".
Note 2: At the end of this period, the investment amount transmitted from Taiwan to mainland China was US$42,961 thousand. The investment amount permitted by the Investment Commission of Ministry of Economic Affairs(MOEA) was US$48,765 thousand.
Note 3: The investment amount permitted by the Investment Commission of Ministry of Economic Affairs(MOEA) to CHANG HE TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. was RMB$10,000 thousand.
There is US$10 thousand difference with MOEA due to exchange rate fluctuations. Paid-in capital is US$1,500 thousand and accumulated amount of remittance from Taiwan to Mainland China is US$1,570 thousand.

Table 6, Page 1

Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD. and subsidiaries

Major shareholders information

December 31, 2024

Table 7

Name of major shareholders	Shares
	Number of shares held	Ownership (%)
HAO QUN INVESTMENT & DEVELOPMENT CO.,LTD	11,791,000	15.90%
SONG QUN INVESTMENT & DEVELOPMENT CO.,LTD	10,731,000	14.47%
HE HAN INVESTMENT CO.,LTD	7,586,503	10.23%
RU HAN INVESTMENT CO.,LTD	5,964,420	8.04%
HUANG KAI INVESTMENT CO.,LTD	5,791,500	7.81%

Description: If the company applies Taiwan Depository & Clearing Corporation for the information of the table, the following can be explained in

(1) The major shareholders information was from the data that the Company issued common shares (including treasury shares) and preference shares in dematerialised form which were registered and held by the shareholders above 5% on the last operating date of each quarter.

The share capital which was recorded on the financial statements may be different from the actual number of shares in dematerialised form because of a different calculation basis.

(2) If the aforementioned data contains shares which were kept in trust by the shareholders, the data that was disclosed was the settlor's separate account for the fund set by the trustee.

As for the shareholder who reports share equity as an insider whose shareholding ratio is greater than 10% in accordance with Securities and Exchange Act, the shareholding ratio includes the self-owned shares and trusted shares, at the same time, persons who have power to decide how to allocate the trust assets. For the information of reported share equity of insider, please refer to the Market Observation Post System.

Table 7, Page 1

Statement 1, Page1

Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.
STATEMENT OF CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
DECEMBER 31, 2024
(Expressed in thousands of New Taiwan dollars, except as otherwise indicated)

Statement 1

Item	Description	Amount
Cash on hand and petty cash		$ 107
Cash in banks:
Checking accounts and NTD demand deposits		135,552
Foreign currency demand deposits	USD 261 at exchange rate approximately 1 : 32.79	8,567
	RMB 1,186 at exchange rate approximately 4.48	5,313
Time deposits	USD 9,200 at exchange rate approximately 1 : 32.79	301,668
	RMB 6,000 at exchange rate approximately 4.48	26,960
		$ 478,167

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Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.
STATEMENT OF ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
DECEMBER 31, 2024
(Expressed in thousands of New Taiwan dollars, except as otherwise indicated)

Statement 2
| Item | Description | Amount | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Related parties: | | $ 22,114 | |
| Non-related parties: | | | |
| A client | | $ 83,434 | |
| B client | | 69,861 | |
| C client | | 24,538 | |
| D client | | 22,624 | |
| E client | | 22,484 | |
| F client | | 21,018 | |
| Others | | | None of the balance of each remaining client is greater than 5% of this account balance |
| | | 88,038 | |
| | | $ 331,997 | |
| Less: Allowance for uncollectible accounts | | ( 7,215) | |
| | | $ 324,782 | |

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Statement 2, Page1

Statement 3, Page1

Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.
STATEMENT OF OTHER RECEIVABLES - RELATED PARTIES
DECEMBER 31, 2024
(Expressed in thousands of New Taiwan dollars, except as otherwise indicated)

Statement 3
| Item | Description | Amount | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| For information regarding the other receivables - related parties incurred during the current period, please refer to Note 7. | | | |

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Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.
STATEMENT OF INVENTORIES
DECEMBER 31, 2024
(Expressed in thousands of New Taiwan dollars, except as otherwise indicated)

Statement 4

Item	Amount		Note
	Cost	Market Value
Materials:	$ 99,107	$ 96,886	Replacement cost method
Work in progress	13,011	9,097	Net Realisable Value
Semi-finished goods	5,704	3,177	Net Realisable Value
Finished goods	159,057	230,894	Net Realisable Value
Merchandises	808	875	Net Realisable Value
	277,687	$ 340,929
Less: Allowance for inventory valuation losses and loss for obsolete and slow-moving inventories	( 38,161)
	$ 239,526

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Statement 4, Page1

Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.
STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN INVESTMENTS ACCOUNTED FOR USING EQUITY METHOD
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2024
(Expressed in thousands of New Taiwan dollars, except as otherwise indicated)

Statement 5
| Name | Beginning Balance | | Addition | | Decrease | | Ending Balance | | | Market Value or Net | | Collateral | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Percentages of Ownership | Amount | Unit Price | Total Amount | | | |
| RISE BRIGH | - | $455,103 | - | $ 14,288 | - | ($170,835) | - | 100% | $ 298,556 | - | $ 298,556 | None | Note 1 |
| UNITED SKILLS CO., LTD. | 5,000 | 50,918 | 4,800 | 53,486 | - | - | 9,800 | 100% | 104,404 | 10.65 | 104,404 | None | Note 2、3 |
| | | $506,021 | | $ 67,774 | | ($170,835) | | | $ 402,960 | | $ 402,960 | | |

Note 1: The investee is a limited company without shares. The shareholding ratio is calculated proportionately to the contributed amount.
Note 2: The amounts of shares are expressed in thousands.
Note 3: The increase for this period includes investment income of NT$5,486 recognized using the equity method and an increase in investment funds of NT$48,000.

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Statement 5, Page1

Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.
STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2024
(Expressed in thousands of New Taiwan dollars, except as otherwise indicated)

Statement 6
| Item | Beginning Balance | Addition | Decrease | Ending Balance | Collateral | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Information on change in property, plant and equipment for the year is provided in Note 6(8). | | | | | | |

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Statement 6, Page1

Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.
STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION OF PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2024
(Expressed in thousands of New Taiwan dollars, except as otherwise indicated)

Statement 7
| Item | Beginning Balance | Addition | Decrease | Ending Balance | Collateral | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Information on change in property, plant and equipment for the year is provided in Note 6(8). | | | | | | |

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Statement 7, Page1

Statement 8, Page1

Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.
STATEMENT OF OTHER NON-CURRENT ASSETS
DECEMBER 31, 2024
(Expressed in thousands of New Taiwan dollars, except as otherwise indicated)

Statement 8
| Item | Description | Amount | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| For information regarding other non-current assets incurred during the current period, please refer to Note | | | |
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Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.
STATEMENT OF LONG-TERM BORROWINGS
DECEMBER 31, 2024
(Expressed in thousands of New Taiwan dollars, except as otherwise indicated)

Statement 9
| Creditor | Description | Amount | Contract Period | Interest Rate | Collateral | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Bank of Taiwan | Medium- and long-term borrowings | $ 24,000 | 2019.12.26-2026.12.15 | 1.38% | None | |
| Bank of Taiwan | Medium- and long-term borrowings | 177,430 | 2016.01.06-2031.01.06 | 1.91% | Land | |
| Bank of Taiwan | Medium- and long-term borrowings | 184,000 | 2019.12.26-2026.12.15 | 1.38% | Machinery and equipment | |
| Bank of Taiwan | Medium- and long-term borrowings | 63,238 | 2019.09.19-2029.12.15 | 1.38% | Building | |
| | | 448,668 | | | | |
| Less: Long-term borrowings, current portion | | ( 136,815) | | | | |
| Less: Government grant discounts | | ( 364) | | | | |
| | | $ 311,489 | | | | |

Statement 9, Page1

Statement 10, Page1

Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.
STATEMENT OF OPERATING REVENUE
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2024
(Expressed in thousands of New Taiwan dollars, except as otherwise indicated)

Statement 10
| Item | Volume | Amount | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Auto parts | 1,842 | $ 1,523,764 | |
| Others | | | None of the balance of each remaining item is greater than 5% of this account balance |
| | | 13,055 | |
| | | 1,536,819 | |
| Less: Sales discounts and allowances as well as sales returns | | ( 10,452) | |
| | | $ 1,526,367 | |

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Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.
STATEMENT OF COST OF GOODS SOLD
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2024
(Expressed in thousands of New Taiwan dollars, except as otherwise indicated)

Statement 11

Item	Amount
Beginning inventories	$ 372
Add: Purchase for the year	11,385
Less: Ending inventories	( 808)
Cost of goods purchased and sold	10,949
Beginning raw materials	113,928
Add: Purchase for the year	278,635
Gain on physical inventory for raw materials	918
Transferred from work in progress	120
Less: Ending inventories	( 99,107)
Transferred to various expenses	( 2,131)
Gain on material sold	( 89)
Raw materials used	292,274
Add: Direct labor	98,539
Manufacturing expense	438,044
Less: Unallocated fixed overhead	( 18,498)
Manufacturing cost	810,359
Add: Beginning work in progress	11,993
Transfer of finished goods	324,233
Less: Ending work in progress	( 18,715)
Loss on physical inventory for work in progress	( 12)
Transferred to raw materials	( 120)
Transferred to various expenses	( 1,503)
Cost of finished goods	1,126,235
Add: Beginning finished goods	152,047
Less: Ending finished goods	( 159,057)
Transferred to work in progress	( 324,233)
Transferred to various expenses	( 9,099)
Transferred to property, plant and equipment	( 7,251)
Loss on physical inventory for finished goods	( 762)
Loss on disposals	( 235)
Cost of goods manufactured and sold	777,645
Cost of goods purchased and sold	10,949
Loss on slow-moving inventories and valuation loss	12,724
Loss on physical inventories	( 144)
Loss on scrapping of inventories	235
Gain on material sold	89
Unallocated fixed manufacturing overhead	18,498
Operating costs	$ 819,996

Statement 11, Page1

Statement 12, Page1

Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.
STATEMENT OF OPERATING COSTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2024
(Expressed in thousands of New Taiwan dollars, except as otherwise indicated)

Statement 12
| Item | Description | Amount | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Depreciation | | $ 264,662 | |
| Utilities expense | | 67,419 | |
| Wages and salaries | | 26,233 | |
| Other expenses | | | None of the balance of each remaining client is greater than 5% of this account balance |
| | | 79,730 | |
| | | $ 438,044 | |

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Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.
STATEMENT OF OPERATING EXPENSES
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2024
(Expressed in thousands of New Taiwan dollars, except as otherwise indicated)

Statement 13

Item	Selling expenses	Administrative expenses	Research and development expenses	Note
Import/export (customs) expense	$ 43,327	$ -	$ -
Wages and salaries	28,199	32,157	9,660
Freight	18,583	-	740
Depreciation	5,619	7,790	16,466
Inspection fee	-	-	5,373
Commissioned research expenses	-	-	4,382
Other expenses	18,206	23,669	27,166	None of the balance of each remaining client is greater than 5% of this account balance
---	---	---	---	---
	$ 113,934	$ 63,616	$ 63,787

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Statement 13, Page1

Statement 14, Page1

Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.
STATEMENT OF INTEREST INCOME
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2024
(Expressed in thousands of New Taiwan dollars, except as otherwise indicated)

Statement 14
| Item | Amount | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | Subtotal | Total |

For information regarding the interest income incurred during the current period, please refer to Note 6(20).

(Remainder of page intentionally left blank)

Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.
STATEMENT OF OTHER INCOME
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2024
(Expressed in thousands of New Taiwan dollars, except as otherwise indicated)

Statement 15
| Item | Beginning Balance | Addition | Decrease | Ending Balance | Collateral | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Information on other income for the year is provided in Note 6(21). | | | | | | |

(Remainder of page intentionally left blank)

Statement 15, Page1

Statement 16, Page1

Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.
STATEMENT OF OTHER INCOME AND EXPENSES, NET
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2024
(Expressed in thousands of New Taiwan dollars, except as otherwise indicated)

Statement 16
| Item | Description | Amount | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Information on other income and expenses for the year is provided in Note 6(22). | | | |

(Remainder of page intentionally left blank)

Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.
STATEMENT OF FINANCE COST
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2024
(Expressed in thousands of New Taiwan dollars, except as otherwise indicated)

Statement 17
| Item | Description | Amount | Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Information on finance cost for the year is provided in Note 6(23). | | | |

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Statement 17, Page1

Y.C.C. PARTS MFG. CO., LTD.
SUMMARY STATEMENT OF CURRENT PERIOD EMPLOYEE BENEFITS, DEPRECIATION, DEPLETION AND AMORTIZATION EXPENSES BY
FUNCTION
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2024
(Expressed in thousands of New Taiwan dollars, except as otherwise indicated)

Statement 18

| Function
Nature | Year ended December 31, 2024 | | | Year ended December 31, 2023 | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Classified as Operating Costs | Classified as Operating Expenses | Total | Classified as Operating Costs | Classified as Operating Expenses | Total |
| Information on employee benefits, depreciation and amortisation expenses for the year is provided in Notes 6(24) and (25). | | | | | | |

Statement 18, Page1

AI assistant

Y.C.C. Audit Report / Information 2024

51783_rns_2024-12-30_58c36ef2-e77c-441c-b2c9-327c1939235e.pdf

INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT TRANSLATED FROM CHINESE

Opinion

Basis for opinion

Assessment of allowance for inventory valuation loss

Description

How our audit addressed the matter

Responsibilities of management and those charged with governance for the parent company only financial statements

(16) Share capital

(17) Capital surplus

B. Contract liabilities

(20) Interest income

(21) Other income

(22) Other gains and losses

(23) Finance costs

(28) Supplemental cash flow information

7. Related Party Transactions

(1) Names of related parties and relationship

(2) Significant related party transactions

A. Operating revenue

B. Purchases

8. Pledged Assets

9. Significant Contingent Liabilities and Unrecognised Contract Commitments

10. Significant Disaster Loss

11. Significant Events after the Balance Sheet Date

12. Others

Cash flow and fair value interest rate risk

(b) Credit risk

AI assistant

Y.C.C. — Audit Report / Information 2024

51783_rns_2024-12-30_58c36ef2-e77c-441c-b2c9-327c1939235e.pdf

INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT TRANSLATED FROM CHINESE

Opinion

Basis for opinion

Assessment of allowance for inventory valuation loss

Description

How our audit addressed the matter

Responsibilities of management and those charged with governance for the parent company only financial statements

(16) Share capital

(17) Capital surplus

B. Contract liabilities

(20) Interest income

(21) Other income

(22) Other gains and losses

(23) Finance costs

(28) Supplemental cash flow information

7. Related Party Transactions

(1) Names of related parties and relationship

(2) Significant related party transactions

A. Operating revenue

B. Purchases

8. Pledged Assets

9. Significant Contingent Liabilities and Unrecognised Contract Commitments

10. Significant Disaster Loss

11. Significant Events after the Balance Sheet Date

12. Others

Cash flow and fair value interest rate risk

(b) Credit risk

More from Y.C.C.

Y.C.C. Audit Report / Information 2024