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Vale S.A. Interim / Quarterly Report 2022

Oct 27, 2022

30050_ffr_2022-10-27_7232e643-28cb-4da7-9d03-0bf2b3736f94.zip

Interim / Quarterly Report

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6-K 1 valedfbrgaap3q22_6k.htm 6-K

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United States

Securities and Exchange Commission

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 6-K

Report of Foreign Private Issuer

Pursuant to Rule 13a-16 or 15d-16

of the

Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the month of

October 2022

Vale S.A.

Praia de Botafogo nº 186, 18º andar, Botafogo 22250-145 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

(Address of principal executive office)

(Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F.)

(Check One) Form 20-F x Form 40-F ¨

(Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(1))

(Check One) Yes ¨ No x

(Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(7))

(Check One) Yes ¨ No x

(Indicate by check mark whether the registrant by furnishing the information contained in this Form is also thereby furnishing information to the Commission pursuant to Rule 12g3-2(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.)

(Check One) Yes ¨ No x

(If “Yes” is marked, indicate below the file number assigned to the registrant in connection with Rule 12g3-2(b). 82- .)

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Interim Financial Statements

Contents

Page
Independent auditor’s report on review of quarterly information 3
Consolidated and Parent Company Income Statement 5
Consolidated and Parent Company Statement of Comprehensive Income 7
Consolidated and Parent Company Statement of Cash Flows 8
Consolidated and Parent Company Balance Sheet 10
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 11
Consolidated and Parent Company Value Added Statement 12
Notes to the Interim Financial Statements 13
1. Corporate information 13
2. Basis of preparation of interim financial statements 13
3. Significant events of the current period 14
4. Information by business segment and geographic area 15
5. Costs and expenses by nature 20
6. Financial results 21
7. Taxes 21
8. Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share 23
9. Accounts receivable 23
10. Inventories 23
11. Suppliers and contractors 24
12. Other financial assets and liabilities 24
13. Investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures 25
14. Acquisitions and divestitures 26
15. Intangible 29
16. Property, plant and equipment 30
17. Financial and capital risk management 31
18. Financial assets and liabilities 36
19. Participative stockholders’ debentures 38
20. Loans, borrowings, leases, cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments 39
21. Brumadinho dam failure 41
22. Liabilities related to associates and joint ventures 44
23. Provision for de-characterization of dam structures and asset retirement obligations 46
24. Provisions 48
25. Litigations 48
26. Employee post-retirement obligations 50
27. Stockholders’ equity 51
28. Related parties 52
29. Parent Company information (individual interim information) 54

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(A free translation of the original in Portuguese)

Report on review of quarterly information

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders

Vale S.A.

Introduction

We have reviewed the accompanying parent company and consolidated interim accounting information of Vale S.A. ("Company"), included in the Quarterly Information Form (ITR) for the quarter ended September 30, 2022, which comprises the balance sheet as of September 30, 2022 and the respective income statements and the statements of comprehensive income for the three and nine-month periods then ended, the statement of changes in equity for the nine-month period then ended, the parent company statement of cash flows for the nine-month period then ended and the consolidated statements of cash flows for the three and nine-month periods then ended, and explanatory notes.

Management is responsible for the preparation of the parent company and consolidated interim accounting information in accordance with the accounting standard CPC 21, Interim Financial Reporting, of the Brazilian Accounting Pronouncements Committee (CPC) and International Accounting Standard (IAS) 34, Interim Financial Reporting issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), as well as the presentation of this information in accordance with the standards issued by the Brazilian Securities Commission (CVM), applicable to the preparation of the Quarterly Information (ITR). Our responsibility is to express a conclusion on this interim accounting information based on our review.

Scope of review

We conducted our review in accordance with Brazilian and International Standards on Reviews of Interim Financial Information (NBC TR 2410 - Review of Interim Financial Information Performed by the Independent Auditor of the Entity and ISRE 2410 - Review of Interim Financial Information Performed by the Independent Auditor of the Entity, respectively). A review of interim information consists of making inquiries, primarily of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters, and applying analytical and other review procedures. A review is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with Brazilian and International Standards on Auditing and consequently does not enable us to obtain assurance that we would become aware of all significant matters that might be identified in an audit. Accordingly, we do not express an audit opinion.

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(A free translation of the original in Portuguese)

Conclusion on the interim information

Other matters

Value added statements

The quarterly information referred to above includes the parent company and consolidated statements of value added for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2022. These statements are the responsibility of the Company's management and are presented as supplementary information under IAS 34. These statements have been subjected to review procedures performed together with the review of the interim accounting information for the purpose of concluding whether they are reconciled with the interim accounting information and accounting records, as applicable, and if their form and content are in accordance with the criteria defined in the accounting standard CPC 09 - "Statement of Value Added". Based on our review, nothing has come to our attention that causes us to believe that these statements of value added have not been properly prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with the criteria established in this accounting standard, and consistent with the parent company and consolidated interim accounting information taken as a whole.

Rio de Janeiro, October 27, 2022

PricewaterhouseCoopers Patricio Marques Roche
Auditores Independentes Ltda. Contador CRC 1RJ081115/O-4
CRC 2SP000160/O-5

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Income Statement

In millions of Brazilian reais, except earnings per share data

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Consolidated
Three-month period ended September 30, Nine-month period ended September 30,
Notes 2022 2021 2022 2021
Continuing operations
Net operating revenue 4(d) 52,080 64,418 163,773 220,202
Cost of goods sold and services rendered 5(a) (33,043) (28,631) (86,594) (80,976)
Gross profit 19,037 35,787 77,179 139,226
Operating expenses
Selling and administrative 5(b) (626) (598) (1,880) (1,870)
Research and development (888) (700) (2,264) (1,974)
Pre-operating and operational stoppage 23 (474) (858) (1,810) (2,648)
Brumadinho event and de-characterization of dams 21 and 23 (1,759) (847) (3,988) (2,437)
Other operating expenses, net 5(c) (223) (139) (1,642) (638)
(3,970) (3,142) (11,584) (9,567)
Impairment reversal (impairment and disposals) of non-current assets, net 14 and 16 (226) (336) 4,773 (1,196)
Operating income 14,841 32,309 70,368 128,463
Financial income 6 743 471 2,203 1,184
Financial expenses 6 (1,033) (1,249) (4,557) (4,563)
Other financial items, net 6 12,457 (1,038) 17,172 3,437
Equity results and other results in associates and joint ventures 13, 14 and 22 401 670 1,238 (1,544)
Income before income taxes 27,409 31,163 86,424 126,977
Income taxes 7
Current tax (2,760) (12,867) (9,885) (27,409)
Deferred tax (1,421) 10,446 (9,681) 4,020
(4,181) (2,421) (19,566) (23,389)
Net income from continuing operations 23,228 28,742 66,858 103,588
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests (58) 155 311 289
Net income from continuing operations attributable to Vale's stockholders 23,286 28,587 66,547 103,299
Discontinued operations 14
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations - (8,168) 9,818 (12,993)
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests - 216 - (556)
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations attributable to Vale's stockholders - (8,384) 9,818 (12,437)
Net income 23,228 20,574 76,676 90,595
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests (58) 371 311 (267)
Net income attributable to Vale's stockholders 23,286 20,203 76,365 90,862
Basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to Vale's stockholders: 8
Common share (R$) 5.12 3.98 16.34 17.94

As described in note 14, the coal segment is presented in these interim financial statements as discontinued operation. Therefore, comparative financial information for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2021 has been restated to reflect the sale of the coal operation.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim financial statements.

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Income Statement

In millions of Brazilian reais, except earnings per share data

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Parent Company — Three-month period ended September 30, Nine-month period ended September 30,
2022 2021 2022 2021
Continuing operations
Net operating revenue 39,200 72,587 110,749 178,123
Cost of goods sold and services rendered (16,510) (16,689) (44,188) (44,094)
Gross profit 22,690 55,898 66,561 134,029
Operating expenses
Selling and administrative (334) (281) (943) (986)
Research and development (395) (407) (1,054) (974)
Pre-operating and operational stoppage (454) (470) (1,747) (1,797)
Equity results and others results from subsidiaries 4,521 (25,999) 28,662 (2,944)
Brumadinho event and de-characterization of dams (1,759) (847) (3,988) (2,437)
Other operating expenses, net (258) (424) (1,610) (1,385)
1,321 (28,428) 19,320 (10,523)
Impairment and disposals of non-current assets (171) (212) (569) (335)
Operating income 23,840 27,258 85,312 123,171
Financial income 462 292 1,579 608
Financial expenses (1,706) (1,269) (4,563) (4,559)
Other financial items, net 4,904 (1,191) 9,103 (3,418)
Equity results and other results in associates and joint ventures 401 670 1,238 (1,544)
Income before income taxes 27,901 25,760 92,669 114,258
Income taxes
Current tax (2,324) (12,388) (8,726) (25,654)
Deferred tax (2,291) 6,831 (7,578) 2,258
(4,615) (5,557) (16,304) (23,396)
Net income from continuing operations attributable to Vale's stockholders 23,286 20,203 76,365 90,862
Basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to Vale's stockholders:
Common share (R$) 5.12 3.98 16.34 17.94

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim financial statements.

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Statement of Comprehensive Income

In millions of Brazilian reais

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Consolidated — Three-month period ended September 30, Nine-month period ended September 30,
2022 2021 2022 2021
Net income 23,228 20,574 76,676 90,595
Other comprehensive income:
Items that will not be reclassified to income statement
Employee post-retirement obligations (note 26) 43 498 761 2,270
Fair value adjustment to investment in equity securities (i) - 834 - 1,901
43 1,332 761 4,171
Items that may be reclassified to income statement
Translation adjustments (1,346) 7,310 (6,906) 3,009
Net investment hedge (note 17) (246) (662) 162 (441)
Cash flow hedge (note 17) 206 50 203 (56)
Reclassification of cumulative translation adjustment to income statement (notes 13 and 14) (8,275) (48) (23,690) (8,490)
(9,661) 6,650 (30,231) (5,978)
Total comprehensive income 13,610 28,556 47,206 88,788
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests 193 688 543 (108)
Comprehensive income attributable to Vale's stockholders 13,417 27,868 46,663 88,896
Parent Company — Three-month period ended September 30, Nine-month period ended September 30,
2022 2021 2022 2021
Net income 23,286 20,203 76,365 90,862
Other comprehensive income:
Items that will not be reclassified to income statement
Employee post-retirement obligations (8) (7) (21) (17)
Fair value adjustment to investment in equity securities (i) - 685 - 1,559
Equity results 51 654 782 2,629
43 1,332 761 4,171
Items that may be reclassified to income statement
Translation adjustments (1,596) 6,993 (7,137) 2,850
Net investment hedge (247) (662) 161 (441)
Cash flow hedge (8) 31 (70) 56
Equity results 214 19 273 (112)
Reclassification of cumulative translation adjustment to income statement (8,275) (48) (23,690) (8,490)
(9,912) 6,333 (30,463) (6,137)
Total comprehensive income 13,417 27,868 46,663 88,896

(i) Fair value adjustment to shares received as part of the consideration for the sale of Vale’s fertilizer business to The Mosaic Company. In November 2021, the Company sold all shares for R$6,919 (US$1,259 million) in a block trade.

Items above are stated net of tax and the related taxes are disclosed in note 7.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim financial statements.

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Statement of Cash Flows

In millions of Brazilian reais

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Consolidated — Three-month period ended September 30, Nine-month period ended September 30,
2022 2021 2022 2021
Cash flows from operations (a) 23,038 53,928 80,581 155,138
Interest on loans and borrowings paid (note 20) (1,027) (904) (3,356) (3,204)
Cash received (paid) on settlement of derivatives, net (note 17) 511 114 (78) (674)
Payments related to Brumadinho event (note 21) (2,179) (489) (4,093) (2,051)
Payments related to de-characterization of dams (note 23) (502) (484) (1,271) (1,359)
Interest on participative stockholders' debentures paid (note 19) - - (1,120) (1,073)
Income taxes (including settlement program) (note 7) (3,013) (5,163) (22,662) (18,292)
Net cash generated from operating activities from continuing operations 16,828 47,002 48,001 128,485
Net cash generated (used) in operating activities from discontinued operations (note 14) - 297 213 (2,203)
Net cash generated from operating activities 16,828 47,299 48,214 126,282
Cash flow from investing activities:
Capital expenditures (note 4b) (6,455) (6,269) (18,792) (17,492)
Proceeds from sale of Midwestern System, net of cash (note 14) 745 - 745 -
Disbursement on VNC sale (note 14) - - - (3,134)
Proceeds from sale of CSI (note 14) - - 2,269 -
Dividends received from associates and joint ventures (note 13) 149 24 862 254
Short-term investment 618 2,193 1,104 834
Other investing activities, net (372) 96 (103) (1,576)
Net cash used in investing activities from continuing operations (5,315) (3,956) (13,915) (21,114)
Net cash used in investing activities from discontinued operations (note 14) - (255) (534) (12,027)
Net cash used in investing activities (5,315) (4,211) (14,449) (33,141)
Cash flow from financing activities:
Loans and borrowings from third parties (note 20) 805 - 4,133 1,633
Payments of loans and borrowings from third parties (note 20) (2,275) (573) (11,637) (8,506)
Payments of leasing (note 20) (252) (281) (744) (807)
Dividends and interest on capital paid to stockholders (note 27c) (16,243) (40,200) (34,092) (73,112)
Dividends and interest on capital paid to noncontrolling interest (16) (16) (51) (47)
Share buyback program (note 27d) (3,636) (14,854) (25,564) (25,261)
Net cash used in financing activities from continuing operations (21,617) (55,924) (67,955) (106,100)
Net cash used in financing activities from discontinued operations (note 14) - (16) (54) (53)
Net cash used in financing activities (21,617) (55,940) (68,009) (106,153)
Increase (reduction) in cash and cash equivalents (10,104) (12,852) (34,244) (13,012)
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period 37,633 68,275 65,409 70,086
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents 486 3,634 (3,089) 1,983
Cash and cash equivalents from subsidiaries sold, net (note 14) - - (61) -
Cash and cash equivalents at end of the period 28,015 59,057 28,015 59,057
Cash flow from operating activities:
Income before taxation 27,409 31,163 86,424 126,977
Adjusted for:
Equity results and other results in associates and joint ventures (note 13) (401) (670) (1,238) 1,544
Impairment and disposals (impairment reversal) of non-current assets, net (note 14) 226 336 (4,773) 1,196
Provisions for Brumadinho (note 21) 740 - 1,377 -
Provision for de-characterization of dams (note 23) 183 - 375 -
Depreciation, depletion and amortization 4,069 3,393 11,652 11,796
Financial results, net (note 6) (12,167) 1,816 (14,818) (58)
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable (note 9) 46 20,296 9,247 22,277
Inventories (note 10) (1,798) (3,057) (4,493) (4,900)
Suppliers and contractors (note 11) (i) 5,919 1,764 4,351 1,859
Payroll and other compensation 837 312 (429) (859)
Other assets and liabilities, net (2,025) (1,425) (7,094) (4,694)
Cash flows generated from operations (a) 23,038 53,928 80,581 155,138
Non-cash transactions:
Additions to property, plant and equipment - capitalized loans and borrowing costs 49 75 205 235

(i) Includes variable lease payments.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim financial statements.

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Statement of Cash Flows

In millions of Brazilian reais

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Parent Company
Nine-month period ended September 30,
2022 2021
Cash flows from operations (a) 61,177 148,015
Interest on loans and borrowings paid (3,570) (3,993)
Cash received (paid) on settlement of derivatives, net 823 (896)
Payments related to Brumadinho event (4,093) (2,051)
Payments related to de-characterization of dams (1,271) (1,359)
Interest on participative stockholders' debentures paid (1,120) (1,073)
Income taxes (including settlement program) (21,519) (16,439)
Net cash generated from operating activities 30,427 122,204
Cash flow from investing activities:
Capital expenditures (12,968) (10,644)
Additions to investments (939) (598)
Dividends received from associates and joint ventures 8,388 254
Proceeds
from sale of Midwestern System (note 14) 815 -
Short-term investment 723 542
Other investing activities, net (i) (5,557) (10,946)
Net cash used in investing activities (9,538) (21,392)
Cash flow from financing activities:
Loans and borrowings from third parties 967 1,633
Payments of loans and borrowings from third parties (3,657) (7,913)
Payments of leasing (184) (204)
Dividends and interest on capital paid to stockholders (34,092) (73,112)
Share buyback program (11,849) (15,574)
Net cash used in financing activities (48,815) (95,170)
Increase (reduction) in cash and cash equivalents (27,926) 5,642
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period 34,266 14,609
Cash and cash equivalents from subsidiaries sold, net 85 1,195
Cash and cash equivalents at end of the period 6,425 21,446
Cash flow from operating activities:
Income before taxation 92,669 114,258
Adjusted for:
Equity results and others results from subsidiaries (28,662) 2,944
Equity results and other results in associates and joint ventures (1,238) 1,544
Impairment and disposals of non-current assets 569 335
Provisions for Brumadinho 1,377 -
Provision for de-characterization of dams 375 -
Depreciation, depletion and amortization 6,497 6,266
Financial results, net (6,119) 7,369
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable (4,444) 17,201
Inventories (238) (401)
Suppliers and contractors (ii) 3,688 1,400
Payroll and other compensation (73) (148)
Other assets and liabilities, net (3,224) (2,753)
Cash flows generated from operations (a) 61,177 148,015
Non-cash transactions:
Additions to property, plant and equipment - capitalized loans and borrowing costs 205 235

(i) Includes loans and advances with related parties.

(ii) Includes variable lease payments.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim financial statements.

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Statement of Financial Position

In millions of Brazilian reais

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Notes Consolidated — September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 Parent Company — September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021
Assets
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents 20 28,015 65,409 6,425 34,266
Short-term investments 20 225 1,028 17 906
Accounts receivable 9 11,624 21,840 51,299 47,912
Other financial assets 12 821 619 336 410
Inventories 10 28,480 24,429 7,962 7,246
Recoverable taxes 7(e) 4,639 4,809 3,093 3,519
Other 1,466 1,198 3,921 1,867
75,270 119,332 73,053 96,126
Non-current assets held for sale - 5,468 - 35
75,270 124,800 73,053 96,161
Non-current assets
Judicial deposits 25(c) 6,968 6,808 6,735 6,543
Other financial assets 12 1,276 796 760 480
Recoverable taxes 7(e) 6,024 5,220 3,822 2,650
Deferred income taxes 7(a) 53,124 63,847 45,548 54,119
Other 4,810 3,604 2,389 894
72,202 80,275 59,254 64,686
Investments 13 9,706 9,771 114,982 143,640
Intangible 15 50,520 50,287 33,541 29,440
Property, plant, and equipment 16 228,135 233,995 130,591 123,959
360,563 374,328 338,368 361,725
Total assets 435,833 499,128 411,421 457,886
Liabilities
Current liabilities
Suppliers and contractors 11 25,600 19,393 14,292 10,603
Loans, borrowings and leases 20 2,412 6,720 958 3,415
Other financial liabilities 12 7,736 10,946 28,660 11,954
Taxes payable 7(e) 1,637 12,150 1,038 11,129
Settlement program ("REFIS") 7(c) 1,900 1,810 1,900 1,810
Liabilities related to associates and joint ventures 22 10,959 9,964 10,959 9,964
Provisions 24 5,025 5,830 3,817 4,019
Liabilities related to Brumadinho 21 7,127 6,449 7,127 6,449
De-characterization of dams and asset retirement obligations 23 3,787 3,468 3,363 3,126
Other 4,070 6,106 2,602 2,744
70,253 82,836 74,716 65,213
Liabilities associated with non-current assets held for sale - 1,978 - -
70,253 84,814 74,716 65,213
Non-current liabilities
Loans, borrowings, and leases 20 63,565 70,189 15,766 16,520
Participative stockholders' debentures 19 14,379 19,078 14,379 19,078
Other financial liabilities 12 10,533 14,344 65,665 95,636
Settlement program ("REFIS") 7(c) 10,064 10,962 10,064 10,962
Deferred income taxes 7(a) 8,696 10,494 - -
Provisions 24 12,697 19,082 7,782 7,496
Liabilities related to Brumadinho 21 10,341 13,288 10,341 13,288
De-characterization of dams and asset retirement obligations 23 32,040 41,753 22,194 23,658
Liabilities related to associates and joint ventures 22 6,037 7,407 6,038 7,407
Streaming transactions 8,810 9,927 - -
Other 932 732 4,938 6,225
178,094 217,256 157,167 200,270
Total liabilities 248,347 302,070 231,883 265,483
Stockholders' equity 27
Equity attributable to Vale's stockholders 179,538 192,403 179,538 192,403
Equity attributable to noncontrolling interests 7,948 4,655 - -
Total stockholders' equity 187,486 197,058 179,538 192,403
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity 435,833 499,128 411,421 457,886

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim financial statements.

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Statement of Changes in Equity

In millions of Brazilian reais

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Share capital Capital reserve Profit reserves Treasury stocks Other reserves Cumulative translation adjustments Retained earnings Equity attributable to Vale’s stockholders Equity attributable to noncontrolling interests Total stockholders' equity
Balance at December 31, 2021 77,300 3,634 87,621 (29,189) (6,899) 59,936 - 192,403 4,655 197,058
Net income - - - - - - 76,365 76,365 311 76,676
Other comprehensive income - - - - 1,070 (30,772) - (29,702) 232 (29,470)
Dividends and interest on capital of Vale's stockholders (note 27c) - - (17,849) - - - (16,243) (34,092) - (34,092)
Dividends of noncontrolling interests - - - - - - - - (30) (30)
Derecognition of noncontrolling interests - - - - - - - - 2,780 2,780
Share buyback (note 27d) - - - (25,564) - - - (25,564) - (25,564)
Share-based payment - - - - 29 - - 29 - 29
Treasury shares used and cancelled (note 27b) - - (34,055) 34,154 - - - 99 - 99
Balance at September 30, 2022 77,300 3,634 35,717 (20,599) (5,800) 29,164 60,122 179,538 7,948 187,486
Share capital Capital reserve Profit reserves Treasury stocks Other reserves Cumulative translation adjustments Retained earnings Equity attributable to Vale’s stockholders Equity attributable to noncontrolling interests Total stockholders' equity
Balance at December 31, 2020 77,300 3,634 36,598 (6,452) (7,307) 82,012 - 185,785 (4,799) 180,986
Net income (loss) - - - - - - 90,862 90,862 (267) 90,595
Other comprehensive income - - - - 3,943 (5,909) - (1,966) 159 (1,807)
Dividends and interest on capital of Vale's stockholders (note 27c) - - (22,935) - - - (43,834) (66,769) - (66,769)
Dividends of noncontrolling interests - - - - - - - - (141) (141)
Acquisitions and derecognition of noncontrolling interests - - - - (1,666) - - (1,666) 9,219 7,553
Share buyback (note 27d) - - - (25,261) - - - (25,261) - (25,261)
Share-based payment - - - - 274 - - 274 - 274
Treasury shares used and cancelled (note 27b) - - (6,347) 6,384 - - - 37 - 37
Balance at September 30, 2021 77,300 3,634 7,316 (25,329) (4,756) 76,103 47,028 181,296 4,171 185,467

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim financial statements.

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Value Added Statement

In millions of Brazilian Reais

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Consolidated Parent Company
Nine-month period ended September 30,
2022 2021 2022 2021
Generation of value added
Gross revenue
Revenue from products and services 165,731 222,878 112,622 180,645
Revenue from the construction of own assets 6,077 6,435 4,937 2,472
Other revenues 1,190 2,048 765 1,401
Less:
Cost of products, goods and services sold (28,499) (27,313) (16,810) (16,457)
Material, energy, third-party services and other (36,494) (30,930) (14,103) (10,342)
Impairment reversal (impairment and disposals) of non-current assets, net 4,773 (1,196) (569) (335)
Brumadinho event and de-characterization of dams (3,988) (2,437) (3,988) (2,437)
Other costs and expenses (10,999) (10,599) (7,274) (6,422)
Gross value added 97,791 158,886 75,580 148,525
Depreciation, amortization and depletion (11,652) (11,796) (6,497) (6,266)
Net value added 86,139 147,090 69,083 142,259
Received from third parties
Equity results from entities 1,238 (1,544) 29,900 (4,488)
Financial income 455 3,562 353 3,568
Total value added from continuing operations to be distributed 87,832 149,108 99,336 141,339
Value added from discontinued operations to be distributed (note 14) (1,733) (16,425) - -
Total value added to be distributed 86,099 132,683 99,336 141,339
Personnel and charges
Direct compensation 5,089 4,816 2,764 2,618
Benefits 1,882 1,967 1,185 1,349
F.G.T.S. 342 313 307 297
Taxes and contributions
Federal taxes 24,996 30,297 21,562 30,454
State taxes 2,031 3,319 1,973 2,748
Municipal taxes 106 110 67 68
Remuneration of third-party capital
Interest (net derivatives and monetary and exchange rate variation) (14,951) 3,267 (6,353) 10,804
Leasing 1,479 1,431 1,466 2,139
Remuneration of own capital
Reinvested net income from continuing operations 66,547 103,299 76,365 90,862
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest 311 289 - -
Distributed value added from continuing operations 87,832 149,108 99,336 141,339
Distributed value added from discontinued operations (note 14) (1,733) (16,425) - -
Distributed value added 86,099 132,683 99,336 141,339

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim financial statements.

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Notes to the Interim Financial Statements

Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated

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  1. Corporate information

Vale S.A. (the “Parent Company”) is a public company headquartered in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil with securities traded on the stock exchanges of São Paulo – B3 S.A. (VALE3), New York - NYSE (VALE) and Madrid – LATIBEX (XVALO).

Vale S.A. and its subsidiaries (“Vale” or the “Company”) are global producers of: (i) iron ore and iron ore pellets, which are key raw materials for steelmaking, (ii) nickel, that is used to produce stainless steel, electric vehicles and metal alloys employed in the production process of several products, (iii) copper, used in the construction sector to produce pipes and electrical wires, and (iv) platinum, gold, silver, and cobalt as by-products of nickel and copper. Most of the Company’s products are sold to international markets by Vale International S.A. (“VISA”), a trading company located in Switzerland.

Vale also operates a railroad and port logistics system in Brazil to outflow its production and Vale has equity investments and assets with the objective of reducing energy costs, minimizing the risk of shortages and meeting its energy consumption needs through renewable sources.

In the second quarter of 2022, the Company concluded the sale of the thermal and metallurgical coal operations, as presented in note 14. Therefore, the results from coal operation until closing are presented in these interim financial statements as “discontinued operations”.

  1. Basis of preparation of interim financial statements

The consolidated and individual interim financial statements of the Company (“interim financial statements”) have been prepared and are being presented in accordance with IAS 34 Interim Financial Reporting (CPC 21) of the International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”), as implemented in Brazil by the Brazilian Accounting Pronouncements Committee ("CPC"), approved by the Brazilian Securities Exchange Commission ("CVM") and by the Brazilian Federal Accounting Council (“CFC”). All relevant information for the interim financial statements, and only this information, are presented and consistent to those used by the Company's Management.

The interim financial statements have been prepared to update users on the relevant events and transactions that occurred in the period and must be analyzed together with the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021. Accounting policies, accounting estimates and judgments, management of risk and measurement methods are the same as those adopted in the preparation of the latest annual financial statements. The selected notes of the Parent Company are presented in a summarized form in note 29.

These interim financial statements were authorized for issue by the Company’s Board of Directors in a meeting held on October 27, 2022.

a) Statement of Value Added

The presentation of the parent company and consolidated statements of value added is required by the Brazilian corporate legislation and the accounting practices adopted in Brazil for listed companies, while it is not required by IFRS. Therefore, under the IFRS, the presentation of such statements is considered supplementary information, and not part of the set of financial statements. The Statement of Value Added was prepared in accordance with the criteria defined in Technical Pronouncement CPC 09 - "Statement of Value Added".

b) Functional currency and presentation currency

The interim financial statements of the Company and its associates and joint ventures are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates (“functional currency”), in the case of the Parent Company and its associates and joint ventures in Brazil, is the Brazilian real (“R$”). The functional currency of direct subsidiaries operating in an international economic environment is the US dollar (“US$”).

The main exchange rates used by the Company to translate its foreign operations are as follows:

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Notes to the Interim Financial Statements

Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated

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Closing rate Average rate — Three-month period ended September 30, Nine-month period ended September 30,
September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 2022 2021 2022 2021
US Dollar ("US$") 5.4066 5.5805 5.2462 5.2286 5.1360 5.3317
Canadian dollar ("CAD") 3.9318 4.3882 4.0189 4.1517 4.0024 4.2624
Euro ("EUR") 5.2904 6.3210 5.2838 6.1623 5.4629 6.3769

c) Russia-Ukraine conflict

The Company’s business is subject to external risk factors related to our global operations and the global profile of our client portfolio and supply chains. Global markets are experiencing volatility and disruption following the escalation of geopolitical tensions in connection with the military conflict between Russia and Ukraine.

The resulting economic sanctions imposed by the United States, Canada, the European Union, the UK and other countries as a direct consequence of this conflict may continue to significantly impact supply chains, lead to market disruptions including significant volatility in commodities’ prices and bring heightened near-term uncertainty to the global financial system, including through instability of credit and of capital markets.

At this time, the effects of the Russia-Ukraine conflict have not caused significant impacts on the Company’s operations nor on the fair value of its assets and liabilities. However, escalation of the Russia-Ukraine conflict may adversely affect the Company’s business, such as disruption of international trade flows, extreme market pricing volatility, with particular impact on the energy sector, industrial and agricultural supply chains, shipping, and regulatory and contractual uncertainty, and increased geopolitical tensions around the world.

  1. Significant events of the current period

Balance Sheet, Cash Flows and Income Statement were particularly affected by the following events and transactions during the three-month period ended September 30, 2022:

Capital reduction in a foreign subsidiary (notes 6 and 13). In August 2022, the Company approved the capital reduction of VISA in the amount of R$7,885 (US$1,500 million), which has generated a gain of R$7,938 (US$1,543 million), recorded under “Other financial items, net”, due to the reclassification of the cumulative translation adjustments from stockholders’ equity to the income statement.

Sale of Midwestern System assets (note 14). In July 2022, the Company concluded the sale of the Midwestern System to J&F Mineração Ltda. (“J&F”) and received R$815 (US$153 million), in addition to transferring to J&F the obligations related to the take-or-pay logistics contracts. These assets were classified as held for sale and a gain of R$5,620 (US$1,121 million) was recorded in the nine-month period ended September 30, 2022, due to the reversal of the impairment of property, plant and equipment and the remeasurement of the onerous contract liability. In addition, the Company recognized a gain of R$188 (US$37 million) due to the reclassification of the cumulative translation adjustments from stockholders’ equity to the income statement.

Sale of Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecém (“CSP”) (note 14). In July 2022, the Company and the other shareholders of CSP signed a binding agreement with ArcelorMittal for the sale of CSP for approximately R$11,527 (US$2,132 million), which will be received at the closing of the transaction and it will be fully used for the early settlement of CSP's net debt in the amount of approximately R$12,435 (US$2,300 million). The Company does not expect any material impact at closing, which is expected to occur in the first quarter 2023, subject to customary regulatory approvals.

Share buyback (note 27d). During the three-month period ended September 30, 2022, the Company repurchased 48,670,681 common shares and their respective ADRs, corresponding to R$3,636 (US$686 million), of which R$1,898 (US$358 million) were acquired through wholly owned subsidiaries and R$1,738 (US$328 million) by the Parent Company.

Cancellation of common shares held in treasury (note 27b). In July 2022, the Company approved the cancellation of 220,150,800 common shares held in treasury. The effect of R$19,466 (US$3,786 million) was recorded in shareholders' equity as “Treasury shares used and cancelled”.

Stockholder’s remuneration (note 27c). In July 2022, the Company approved the remuneration to its shareholders in the amount of R$16,243 (US$3,000 million), which was fully paid in September 2022.

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Notes to the Interim Financial Statements

Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated

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4. Information by business segment and geographic area

The Company operates the following reportable segments: Ferrous Minerals, Base Metals and Coal (presented as discontinued operations). The segments are aligned with products and reflect the structure used by Management to evaluate the Company’s performance. The responsible bodies for making operational decisions, allocating resources and evaluating performance are the Executive Boards and Board of Directors. Accordingly, the performance of the operating segments is assessed based on a measure of adjusted LAJIDA (EBITDA), among other measures.

The Company allocates to “Other” the revenues and cost of other products, services, research and development, investments in joint ventures and associates of other business and unallocated corporate expenses. Costs related to the Brumadinho event are allocated to "Other" as well.

In 2022, the Company has allocated the financial information of the Midwestern System to “Other” as this operation is no longer analyzed by the chief operating decision maker as part of to the performance of the Ferrous Minerals business segment due to the binding agreement to sell this operation. The comparative information was reclassified to reflect the revision in the allocation criteria.

a) Adjusted LAJIDA (EBITDA)

The definition of Adjusted LAJIDA (EBITDA) for the Company is the operating income or loss plus dividends received and interest from associates and joint ventures, and excluding the amounts charged as (i) depreciation, depletion and amortization and (ii) impairment reversal (impairment and disposals) of non-current assets, net.

Consolidated
Three-month period ended September 30, 2022
Net operating revenue Cost of goods sold and services rendered Sales, administrative and other operating expenses Research and development Pre operating and operational stoppage Dividends received and interest from associates and joint ventures Adjusted EBITDA
Ferrous minerals
Iron ore 31,708 (16,195) (233) (251) (330) 5 14,704
Iron ore pellets 8,700 (3,748) (37) (4) (25) 23 4,909
Other ferrous products and services 622 (430) 22 (5) (23) - 186
41,030 (20,373) (248) (260) (378) 28 19,799
Base metals
Nickel and other products 8,221 (6,966) 12 (162) (1) - 1,104
Copper 2,518 (1,441) (38) (195) (18) - 826
10,739 (8,407) (26) (357) (19) - 1,930
Brumadinho event and de-characterization of dams - - (1,759) - - - (1,759)
Other 311 (317) (527) (271) (2) 121 (685)
Total 52,080 (29,097) (2,560) (888) (399) 149 19,285

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Notes to the Interim Financial Statements

Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated

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Consolidated
Three-month period ended September 30, 2021
Net operating revenue Cost of goods sold and services rendered Sales, administrative and other operating expenses Research and development Pre operating and operational stoppage Dividends received and interest from associates and joint ventures Adjusted EBITDA
Ferrous minerals
Iron ore 43,977 (15,661) (161) (276) (315) - 27,564
Iron ore pellets 10,492 (3,197) (10) (5) (57) - 7,223
Other ferrous products and services 730 (571) 3 (5) (20) - 137
55,199 (19,429) (168) (286) (392) - 34,924
Base metals
Nickel and other products 4,681 (4,092) 311 (100) (268) - 532
Copper 3,549 (1,267) (30) (125) (5) - 2,122
8,230 (5,359) 281 (225) (273) - 2,654
Brumadinho event and de-characterization of dams - - (847) - - - (847)
COVID-19 - - (52) - - - (52)
Other (i) 989 (695) (737) (190) (8) 24 (617)
Total of continuing operations 64,418 (25,483) (1,523) (701) (673) 24 36,062
Discontinued operations – Coal 1,843 (1,639) (27) (8) - - 169
Total 66,261 (27,122) (1,550) (709) (673) 24 36,231

(i) Includes the reclassification of the EBITDA of Midwestern System in the amount of R$203 (US$40 million).

Consolidated
Nine-month period ended September 30, 2022
Net operating revenue Cost of goods sold and services rendered Sales, administrative and other operating expenses Research and development Pre operating and operational stoppage Dividends received and interest from associates and joint ventures Adjusted EBITDA
Ferrous minerals
Iron ore 104,906 (41,975) (759) (648) (1,280) 5 60,249
Iron ore pellets 24,601 (9,977) 1 (11) (82) 374 14,906
Other ferrous products and services 1,869 (1,290) 13 (14) (66) - 512
131,376 (53,242) (745) (673) (1,428) 379 75,667
Base metals
Nickel and other products 23,452 (16,313) (91) (372) (2) - 6,674
Copper 6,621 (3,953) (14) (481) (37) - 2,136
30,073 (20,266) (105) (853) (39) - 8,810
Brumadinho event and de-characterization of dams - - (3,988) - - - (3,988)
Other (i) 2,324 (1,934) (2,505) (737) (11) 123 (2,740)
Total of continuing operations 163,773 (75,442) (7,343) (2,263) (1,478) 502 77,749
Discontinued operations – Coal 2,308 (1,370) (57) (7) - - 874
Total 166,081 (76,812) (7,400) (2,270) (1,478) 502 78,623

(i) Includes the reclassification of the EBITDA of Midwestern System in the amount of R$381 (US$77 million).

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Notes to the Interim Financial Statements

Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated

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Consolidated
Nine-month period ended September 30, 2021
Net operating revenue Cost of goods sold and services rendered Sales, administrative and other operating expenses Research and development Pre operating and operational stoppage Dividends received and interest from associates and joint ventures Adjusted EBITDA
Ferrous minerals
Iron ore 157,145 (41,191) (609) (686) (1,210) - 113,449
Iron ore pellets 27,390 (8,044) 159 (11) (194) 114 19,414
Other ferrous products and services 2,304 (1,637) 9 (11) (64) - 601
186,839 (50,872) (441) (708) (1,468) 114 133,464
Base metals
Nickel and other products 20,472 (13,379) 115 (257) (570) - 6,381
Copper 10,239 (3,390) (36) (332) (16) - 6,465
30,711 (16,769) 79 (589) (586) - 12,846
Brumadinho event and de-characterization of dams - - (2,437) - - - (2,437)
COVID-19 - - (145) - - - (145)
Other (i) 2,652 (2,279) (1,840) (675) (17) 140 (2,019)
Total of continuing operations 220,202 (69,920) (4,784) (1,972) (2,071) 254 141,709
Discontinued operations – Coal 3,207 (5,180) (18) (29) - 424 (1,596)
Total 223,409 (75,100) (4,802) (2,001) (2,071) 678 140,113

(i) Includes the reclassification of the EBITDA of Midwestern System in the amount of R$642 (US$120 million).

Adjusted LAJIDA (EBITDA) is reconciled to net income as follows:

Continuing operations

Consolidated — Three-month period ended September 30, Nine-month period ended September 30,
2022 2021 2022 2021
Net income from continuing operations attributable to Vale's stockholders 23,286 28,587 66,547 103,299
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests (58) 155 311 289
Net income 23,228 28,742 66,858 103,588
Depreciation, depletion and amortization 4,069 3,393 11,652 11,796
Income taxes 4,181 2,421 19,566 23,389
Financial results (12,167) 1,816 (14,818) (58)
EBITDA from continuing operations 19,311 36,372 83,258 138,715
Items to reconciled adjusted LAJIDA (EBITDA)
Equity results and other results in associates and joint ventures (401) (670) (1,238) 1,544
Dividends received from associates and joint ventures 149 24 502 254
Impairment and disposals (impairment reversal) of non-current assets, net 226 336 (4,773) 1,196
Adjusted EBITDA from continuing operations 19,285 36,062 77,749 141,709

Discontinued operations (Coal)

Consolidated — Three-month period ended September 30, Nine-month period ended September 30,
2022 2021 2022 2021
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations attributable to Vale's stockholders - (8,384) 9,818 (12,437)
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests - 216 - (556)
Net income (loss) - (8,168) 9,818 (12,993)
Depreciation, depletion and amortization - 264 - 350
Income taxes - (4,336) 9 (4,336)
Financial results - 123 (14,603) (1,823)
Derecognition of noncontrolling interest - - 2,783 -
EBITDA from discontinued operations - (12,117) (1,993) (18,802)
Items to reconciled adjusted LAJIDA (EBITDA)
Equity results in associates and joint ventures - - - 144
Dividends received and interest from associates and joint ventures (i) - - - 424
Impairment of non-current assets, net - 12,286 2,867 16,638
Adjusted EBITDA from discontinued operations - 169 874 (1,596)

(i) Includes the remuneration of the financial instrument of the Coal segment.

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Notes to the Interim Financial Statements

Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated

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b) Assets by segment

Consolidated
September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021
Product inventory Investments in associates and joint ventures Property, plant and equipment and intangible Product inventory Investments in associates and joint ventures Property, plant and equipment and intangible
Ferrous minerals 14,678 6,803 167,020 12,199 6,214 161,770
Base metals 8,713 - 101,068 7,725 95 112,317
Other - 2,903 10,567 120 3,462 10,195
Total 23,391 9,706 278,655 20,044 9,771 284,282
Consolidated
Three-month period ended September 30,
2022 2021
Capital expenditures Capital expenditures
Sustaining capital (i) Project execution Depreciation, depletion and amortization Sustaining capital (i) Project execution Depreciation, depletion and amortization
Ferrous minerals 2,605 1,044 2,315 3,048 714 2,129
Base metals 1,806 421 1,707 1,696 591 1,185
Other (ii) 86 493 47 31 189 79
Total 4,497 1,958 4,069 4,775 1,494 3,393
Consolidated
Nine-month period ended September 30,
2022 2021
Capital expenditures Capital expenditures
Sustaining capital (i) Project execution Depreciation, depletion and amortization Sustaining capital (i) Project execution Depreciation, depletion and amortization
Ferrous minerals 7,595 2,964 6,937 8,757 1,750 6,637
Base metals 4,906 1,214 4,526 5,188 1,329 4,857
Other (ii) 367 1,746 189 120 348 302
Total 12,868 5,924 11,652 14,065 3,427 11,796

(i) According to the Company's remuneration policy, the sustaining capital investments are deducted from the 30% of the adjusted EBITDA. The calculation also considers the current investment of discontinued coal operations, which was R$201 (US$38 million) for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2022 (2021: R$607 (US$114 million)).

(ii) The sustaining capital investments related to the Midwestern System were reclassified from “ferrous minerals” to “other” for the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2021 in the amounts of R$25 (US$5 million) and R$50 (US$10 million), respectively. Depreciation, depletion and amortization were reclassified for the same periods in the amounts of R$21 (US$4 million) and R$97 (US$18 million), respectively.

c) Assets by geographic area

Consolidated
September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021
Investments in associates and joint ventures Intangible Property, plant and equipment Total Investments in associates and joint ventures Intangible Property, plant and equipment Total
Brazil 9,706 40,684 140,072 190,462 9,656 39,339 132,772 181,767
Canada - 9,823 58,111 67,934 - 10,927 69,429 80,356
Americas, except Brazil and Canada - - 19 19 - - 15 15
Europe - - 4,068 4,068 - - 4,124 4,124
Indonesia - 4 14,575 14,579 - 8 15,197 15,205
Asia, except Indonesia and China - - 4,290 4,290 115 - 4,879 4,994
China - 6 101 107 - 11 117 128
Oman - 3 6,899 6,902 - 2 7,462 7,464
Total 9,706 50,520 228,135 288,361 9,771 50,287 233,995 294,053

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Notes to the Interim Financial Statements

Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated

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d) Net operating revenue by geographic area

The sales revenue from Ferrous minerals for the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2022, decreased from prior periods mainly due to the decline of 27%, in the average realized price of iron ore for both periods, following the decrease in the international price of this product.

Consolidated
Three-month period ended September 30, 2022
Ferrous minerals Base metals Other Total
Americas, except United States and Brazil 670 728 - 1,398
United States of America 531 1,689 - 2,220
Germany 483 1,505 - 1,988
Europe, except Germany 1,670 3,499 - 5,169
Middle East, Africa, and Oceania 3,301 55 - 3,356
Japan 3,601 880 - 4,481
China 22,718 1,590 - 24,308
Asia, except Japan and China 3,428 698 - 4,126
Brazil 4,628 95 311 5,034
Net operating revenue 41,030 10,739 311 52,080
Consolidated
Three-month period ended September 30, 2021
Ferrous minerals Base metals Other (i) Total
Americas, except United States and Brazil 1,052 415 140 1,607
United States of America 370 1,432 - 1,802
Germany 916 908 - 1,824
Europe, except Germany 2,862 2,253 - 5,115
Middle East, Africa, and Oceania 2,885 21 - 2,906
Japan 6,752 749 - 7,501
China 27,994 1,257 - 29,251
Asia, except Japan and China 4,990 1,156 - 6,146
Brazil 7,378 39 849 8,266
Net operating revenue 55,199 8,230 989 64,418

(i) Includes the reclassification of the revenues of Midwestern System in the amount of R$583 (US$112 million).

Consolidated
Nine-month period ended September 30, 2022
Ferrous minerals Base metals Other (i) Total
Americas, except United States and Brazil 2,024 2,135 625 4,784
United States of America 903 5,293 - 6,196
Germany 1,596 4,630 - 6,226
Europe, except Germany 7,473 8,162 - 15,635
Middle East, Africa, and Oceania 9,117 100 123 9,340
Japan 11,166 2,853 - 14,019
China 73,732 4,079 - 77,811
Asia, except Japan and China 10,057 2,568 225 12,850
Brazil 15,308 253 1,351 16,912
Net operating revenue 131,376 30,073 2,324 163,773
Consolidated
Nine-month period ended September 30, 2021
Ferrous minerals Base metals Other (i) Total
Americas, except United States and Brazil 3,072 1,629 647 5,348
United States of America 1,762 4,515 - 6,277
Germany 2,669 5,926 - 8,595
Europe, except Germany 11,314 9,218 - 20,532
Middle East, Africa, and Oceania 7,926 62 - 7,988
Japan 14,655 1,904 - 16,559
China 110,663 3,526 - 114,189
Asia, except Japan and China 14,468 3,693 - 18,161
Brazil 20,310 238 2,005 22,553
Net operating revenue 186,839 30,711 2,652 220,202

(i) Includes the reclassification of the revenues of Midwestern System in the amount of R$1,161 (US$231 million) for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2022 (R$1,731 (US$325 million) for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2021).

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Notes to the Interim Financial Statements

Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated

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  1. Costs and expenses by nature

a) Cost of goods sold, and services rendered

Consolidated — Three-month period ended September 30, Nine-month period ended September 30,
2022 2021 2022 2021
Personnel 2,382 1,846 6,627 6,201
Materials and services (i) 5,024 3,662 12,809 10,953
Fuel oil and gas (i) 2,608 1,290 5,841 3,571
Maintenance 3,956 3,655 11,213 11,023
Royalties 1,283 2,064 3,761 5,291
Energy 984 839 2,665 2,452
Acquisition of products 4,016 3,311 9,734 8,822
Depreciation, depletion and amortization 3,946 3,148 11,152 11,056
Freight 6,883 6,158 17,029 15,647
Other 1,961 2,658 5,763 5,960
Total 33,043 28,631 86,594 80,976
Cost of goods sold 32,249 27,799 84,370 78,658
Cost of services rendered 794 832 2,224 2,318
Total 33,043 28,631 86,594 80,976

(i) The increase in costs is mainly due to higher fuel prices and inflation of other inputs and services during the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2022.

b) Selling and administrative expenses

Consolidated — Three-month period ended September 30, Nine-month period ended September 30,
2022 2021 2022 2021
Selling 89 127 302 343
Personnel 221 150 718 689
Services 145 149 411 361
Depreciation and amortization 48 61 166 162
Other 123 111 283 315
Total 626 598 1,880 1,870

c) Other operating expenses, net

Consolidated — Three-month period ended September 30, Nine-month period ended September 30,
2022 2021 2022 2021
Asset retirement obligations - - 200 -
Provision for litigations (note 25) 166 122 494 356
Profit sharing program 133 153 475 554
Other (76) (136) 473 (272)
Total 223 139 1,642 638

The breakdown of Research and Development expenses by operating segment is presented in note 4 (a).

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Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated

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6. Financial results

Consolidated — Three-month period ended September 30, Nine-month period ended September 30,
2022 2021 2022 2021
Financial income
Short-term investments 622 368 1,898 731
Other 121 103 305 453
743 471 2,203 1,184
Financial expenses
Loans and borrowings gross interest (736) (815) (2,377) (2,688)
Capitalized loans and borrowing costs 49 75 205 235
Interest on REFIS (219) (87) (583) (180)
Interest on lease liabilities (note 20d) (82) (76) (238) (252)
Bond premium repurchase (note 20d) - - (568) (354)
Other (45) (346) (996) (1,324)
(1,033) (1,249) (4,557) (4,563)
Other financial items, net
Net foreign exchange gains (losses) 1,048 1,936 (930) 1,748
Participative stockholders' debentures (note 19) (i) 2,478 825 3,800 (5,886)
Financial guarantees (i) 2 (180) 2,413 1,636
Derivative financial instruments (note 17) 1,003 (2,393) 4,064 (263)
Reclassification of cumulative translation adjustments to the income statement (notes 13 and 14) 8,275 48 8,275 6,356
Indexation losses, net (349) (1,274) (450) (154)
12,457 (1,038) 17,172 3,437
Total 12,167 (1,816) 14,818 58

(i) These lines were reclassified from the prior period in order to present “Financial expenses” and “Other financial items, net” in similar line items from period to period.

a) Financial guarantees

As of September 30, 2022, the total guarantees granted by the Company (within the limit of its direct or indirect interest) to certain associates and joint ventures totaled R$8,061 (US$1,491 million) (December 31, 2021: R$8,443 (US$1,513 million)). The fair value of these financial guarantees in the amount of R$546 (US$101 million) (December 31, 2021: R$3,026 (US$542 million)) is recorded as “Other non-current liabilities”.

  1. Taxes

a) Deferred income tax assets and liabilities

Consolidated — Assets Liabilities Deferred taxes, net
Balance at December 31, 2021 63,847 10,494 53,353
Tax effect in the income statement (9,815) (134) (9,681)
Translation adjustment (363) (885) 522
Other comprehensive income 385 298 87
Transfers between assets and liabilities (930) (930) -
Sale of California Steel Industries (note 14) - (147) 147
Balance at September 30, 2022 53,124 8,696 44,428
Consolidated
Assets Liabilities Deferred taxes, net
Balance at December 31, 2020 53,711 9,198 44,513
Tax effect in the income statement 3,916 (104) 4,020
Transfers between assets and liabilities 34 34 -
Translation adjustment 709 369 340
Other comprehensive income (686) 989 (1,675)
Tax loss carryforward from coal operations (note 14) 4,336 - 4,336
Balance at September 30, 2021 62,020 10,486 51,534

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Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated

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b) Income tax reconciliation – Income statement

Income tax expense is recognized based on the estimate of the weighted average effective tax rate expected for the full year, adjusted for the tax effect of certain items that are recognized in full on the interim tax calculation. Therefore, the effective tax rate in the interim financial statements may differ from management’s estimate of the effective tax rate for the year.

The total amount presented as income taxes in the income statement is reconciled to the statutory rate, as follows:

Consolidated — Three-month period ended September 30, Nine-month period ended September 30,
2022 2021 2022 2021
Income before income taxes 27,409 31,163 86,424 126,977
Income taxes at statutory rate – 34% (9,319) (10,596) (29,384) (43,172)
Adjustments that affect the taxes basis:
Tax incentives 2,526 5,067 7,848 13,715
Equity results 154 358 303 539
Monetary exchange variation on tax losses carryforward (272) 570 (2,630) 432
Other (i) 2,730 2,180 4,297 5,097
Income taxes (4,181) (2,421) (19,566) (23,389)

(i) Refers mainly to the reclassifications of accumulated translation adjustments to income for the periods presented (notes 13 and 14).

c) Income taxes - Settlement program (“REFIS”)

Consolidated — September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021
Current liabilities 1,900 1,810
Non-current liabilities 10,064 10,962
REFIS liabilities 11,964 12,772
SELIC rate 13.75% 9.25%

It mainly relates to the settlement program of claims regarding the collection of income tax and social contribution on equity gains of foreign subsidiaries and affiliates from 2003 to 2012. This amount bears SELIC interest rate (Special System for Settlement and Custody) and will be paid in monthly installments until October 2028.

d) Uncertain tax positions

There have been no relevant developments on matters related to the uncertain tax positions since the December 31, 2021 financial statements.

e) Recoverable and payable taxes

Consolidated
September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021
Current assets Non-current assets Current liabilities Current assets Non-current assets Current liabilities
Value-added tax 1,515 - 156 1,209 60 906
Brazilian federal contributions 2,446 3,659 284 2,903 2,851 66
Income taxes 620 2,365 442 630 2,309 10,385
Financial compensation for the exploration of mineral resources - CFEM - - 353 - - 328
Other 58 - 402 67 - 465
Total 4,639 6,024 1,637 4,809 5,220 12,150

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Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated

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  1. Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share
Consolidated — Three-month period ended September 30, Nine-month period ended September 30,
2022 2021 2022 2021
Net income attributable to Vale's stockholders:
Net income from continuing operations 23,286 28,587 66,547 103,299
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations - (8,384) 9,818 (12,437)
23,286 20,203 76,365 90,862
In thousands of shares
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding 4,549,205 5,080,890 4,674,248 5,065,750
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding and potential ordinary shares 4,553,843 5,085,314 4,678,886 5,070,174
Basic and diluted earnings per share from continuing operations:
Common share (R$) 5.12 5.63 14.24 20.39
Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share from discontinued operations:
Common share (R$) - (1.65) 2.10 (2.46)
Basic and diluted earnings per share:
Common share (R$) 5.12 3.98 16.34 17.94
  1. Accounts receivable
Consolidated — September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021
Receivables from contracts with customers
Related parties (note 28) 728 608
Third parties
Ferrous minerals 7,684 16,868
Base metals 3,305 3,730
Other 116 900
Accounts receivable 11,833 22,106
Expected credit loss (209) (266)
Accounts receivable, net 11,624 21,840

No customer individually represented 10% or more of the Company’s accounts receivable or revenues for the periods presented in these interim financial statements.

Provisionally priced commodities sales – The commodity price risk arises from volatility of iron ore, nickel and copper prices. The Company is mostly exposed to the fluctuations in the iron ore and copper price (note 17). The selling price of these products can be measured reliably at each period since the price is quoted in an active market.

The sensitivity of the Company’s risk on final settlement of provisionally priced accounts receivables are presented below:

September 30, 2022 — Thousand metric tons Provisional price (US$/ton) Change Effect on revenue
Iron ore 17,271 91.9 +/- 10% +/- 833
Iron ore pellets 76 136.2 +/- 10% +/- 5
Copper 81 9,652.0 +/- 10% +/- 412
  1. Inventories
Consolidated — September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021
Finished products 18,861 15,615
Work in progress 4,659 4,566
Consumable inventory 5,525 4,777
Allowance to net realizable value (565) (529)
Total 28,480 24,429

Finished and work in progress products inventories by segments are presented in note 4(b) and the cost of goods sold is presented in note 5(a).

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Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated

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  1. Suppliers and contractors
Consolidated — September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021
Third parties - Brazil 12,204 9,856
Third parties - Abroad 11,463 9,029
Related parties (note 28) 1,933 508
Total 25,600 19,393

12. Other financial assets and liabilities

Consolidated — Current Non-current
September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021
Other financial assets
Restricted cash - - 420 653
Derivative financial instruments (note 17a) 821 619 824 110
Investments in equity securities - - 32 33
821 619 1,276 796
Other financial liabilities
Derivative financial instruments (note 17a) 558 1,355 1,467 3,301
Other financial liabilities - Related parties (note 28) 734 2,192 - -
Financial guarantees provided (note 6a) (i) - - 546 3,026
Liabilities related to the concession grant 3,749 4,241 8,520 8,017
Contract liability 2,695 3,158 - -
7,736 10,946 10,533 14,344

(i) In July 2022, the Company signed a binding agreement with ArcelorMittal for the sale of CSP. At the closing, CSP's debt will be settled and the financial liability related to the guarantee granted will be derecognised by Vale.

a) Liabilities related to the concession grant

On April 14, 2022, the Company prepaid R$796 (US$168 million) of its concession grant obligation related to the Estrada de Ferro Carajás ("EFC") as approved by the Board of Directors on October 28, 2021. The outstanding balance will be settled in quarterly installments until 2057.

Liability — September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 Discount rate — September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021
Concession grant 3,920 3,271 11.04% 11.04%
Midwestern Integration Railway ("FICO") 6,360 6,730 5.69% 5.29%
Infrastructure program 1,851 1,910 5.65% 5.43%
West-East Integration Railway ("FIOL") 138 347 8.72% 5.81%
Total 12,269 12,258

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Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated

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  1. Investments in subsidiaries, associates, and joint ventures
Investments in associates and joint ventures Equity results in the income statement Dividends received
Three-month period ended September 30, Nine-month period ended September 30, Three-month period ended September 30, Nine-month period ended September 30,
% ownership % voting capital September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 2022 2021 2022 2021 2022 2021 2022 2021
Associates and joint ventures
Ferrous minerals
Baovale Mineração S.A. 50.00 50.00 126 117 4 5 11 19 5 - 5 -
Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização 50.00 50.00 464 284 79 77 192 161 - - 48 9
Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização 50.89 50.89 238 211 50 3 55 4 23 - 30 35
Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização 50.90 51.00 366 270 56 86 121 153 - - 93 30
Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização 51.00 51.11 788 720 61 81 170 147 - - 203 40
MRS Logística S.A. 48.16 46.75 2,597 2,334 116 171 264 362 - - - -
Samarco Mineração S.A. (note 22) 50.00 50.00 - - - - - - - - - -
VLI S.A. 29.60 29.60 2,224 2,278 46 (121) (54) (168) - - - -
6,803 6,214 412 302 759 678 28 - 379 114
Base metals
Korea Nickel Corporation 25.00 25.00 - 95 3 1 16 2 - - - -
- 95 3 1 16 2 - - - -
Other
Aliança Geração de Energia S.A. 55.00 55.00 2,051 2,046 43 216 126 307 121 24 121 140
Aliança Norte Energia Participações S.A. 51.00 51.00 561 586 (8) 1 (25) (16) - - - -
California Steel Industries, Inc. ("CSI") (note 14) 50.00 50.00 - - - 547 - 870 - - 360 -
Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecém ("CSP") (note 14) 50.00 50.00 - 553 - - - (237) - - - -
Mineração Rio do Norte S.A. 40.00 40.00 - - - (14) - (29) - - - -
Other - - 291 277 5 (11) 17 (1) - - 2 -
2,903 3,462 40 739 118 894 121 24 483 140
Total 9,706 9,771 455 1,042 893 1,574 149 24 862 254

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Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated

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a) Changes in the period

Consolidated — 2022 2021
Balance at January 1, 9,771 10,557
Translation adjustment (22) 76
Equity results 893 1,574
Dividends declared (291) (701)
Impairment of CSP (553) -
Other (92) 56
Balance at September 30, 9,706 11,562

Capital reduction in a foreign subsidiary – In August 2022, the Company approved a capital reduction in the amount of R$7,885 (US$ 1,500 million) of Vale International S.A. (“VISA”), a wholly-owned foreign subsidiary, leading to a reduction in the absolute value of the investment held by the Parent Company. Therefore, the return of capital received in September 2022 was determined as a partial disposal and, in accordance with the requirements of IAS 21/CPC 02, the exchange differences recorded in the stockholders’ equity were reclassified to the income statement in the same proportion as the reduction in the net investment held in VISA, leading to a gain of R$7,938 (US$1,543 million) presented as “Other financial items, net” (note 6). The remaining balance of cumulative translation adjustments of VISA represents R$24,257 (US$4,487 million) as of September 30, 2022.

14. Acquisitions and divestitures

Nine-month period ended September 30, 2022
Cumulative translation adjustments Result of the transaction
Other financial items, net Equity results and other results in associates and joint ventures Total recycling from OCI Impairment reversal (impairment) of non-current assets Equity results and other results in associates and joint ventures
Midwestern System 188 - 188 5,620 -
California Steel Industries - 779 779 - 741
Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecém (i) - - - - (685)
Other 149 - 149 12 (40)
337 779 1,116 5,632 16
Discontinued operations (Coal) 14,636 - 14,636 (2,867) -
14,973 779 15,752 2,765 16

(i) Includes impairment of the investment in the amount of R$553 (US$111 million) and a provision for accounts receivable with CSP in the amount of R$132 (US$24 million).

Nine-month period ended September 30, 2021
Cumulative translation adjustments Result of the transaction
Other financial items, net Equity results and other results in associates and joint ventures Total recycling from OCI Impairment of non-current assets Equity results and other results in associates and joint ventures
Midwestern System - - - - -
Vale Nouvelle-Calédonie S.A.S. 6,391 - 6,391 (549) -
Vale Manganês - - - (147) -
Other (35) - (35) - (298)
6,356 - 6,356 (696) (298)
Discontinued operations (Coal) 2,134 - 2,134 (16,638) -
8,490 - 8,490 (17,334) (298)

Midwestern System - During the first quarter of 2022, the Company classified the assets and liabilities related to the Midwestern System as held for sale due to the negotiations with interested parties in Vale’s iron ore, manganese and logistics assets in the Midwestern System, through its equity interests in Mineração Corumbaense Reunida S.A., Mineração Mato Grosso S.A., International Iron Company, Inc. and Transbarge Navegación S.A. These negotiations resulted in the execution of a binding agreement with J&F Mineração Ltda. (“J&F”) for the sale of these assets, which was signed on April 6, 2022.

The carrying amount of those assets were fully impaired in past years and the Company had a liability related to take-or-pay logistics contracts in the amount of R$4,629 (US$932 million) that were deemed onerous contracts under the Company’s business model for the Midwestern System, which had negative reserves of R$4,226 (US$892 million) before reclassification to “Non-current assets and liabilities held for sale”.

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Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated

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These offers received during the sale process of the assets represented an objective evidence of impairment reversal and the remeasurement of the existing provision, which led to a gain of R$5,620 (US$1,121 million) recorded as “Impairment reversal (impairment and disposals) of non-current assets, net”, of which R$1,121 (US$214 million) relates to the impairment reversal on the Property, plant and equipment and R$4,559 (US$916 million) is due to the remeasurement of the onerous contract liability, partially offset by losses in working capital adjustments at the closing of the transaction in the amount of R$60 (US$9 million).

On July 15, 2022, the transaction was completed, and the Company received R$815 (US$153 million) and recorded a gain of R$188 (US$37 million), as the reclassification of the cumulative translation adjustments from the stockholders’ equity to the income statement.

California Steel Industries (“CSI”) - In December 2021, the Company entered into a binding agreement with Nucor Corporation (“Nucor”) for the sale of its 50% interest in CSI for R$2,269 (US$437 million). In February 2022, the Company concluded the sale and recorded a gain of R$1,520 (US$292 million) for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2022, as “Equity results and other results in associates and joint ventures”, of which R$741 (US$142 million) relates to a gain from the sale and R$779 (US$150 million) is due to the reclassification of the cumulative translation adjustments from the stockholders’ equity to the income statement.

Sale of Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecém (“CSP”) - In July 2022, the Company and the other shareholders of CSP signed a binding agreement with ArcelorMittal Brasil S.A. (“ArcelorMittal”) for the sale of CSP for approximately R$11,527 (US$2,132 million), The completion of the transaction will be used in full for the prepayment of CSP’s outstanding net debt of approximately R$12,435 (US$2,300 million), as the Company has already recognized an impairment loss of R$685 (US$135 million) for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2022. The Company does not expect any material impact at closing, which is expected to occur in the first quarter 2023, subject to customary regulatory approvals.

Manganese ferroalloys operations in Minas Gerais - In January 2022, the Company completed the sale of its ferroalloys operations in Barbacena and Ouro Preto and its manganese mining operations at Morro da Mina, in the state of Minas Gerais, to VDL Group (“VDL”) for a total consideration of R$210 (US$40 million). As the Company had already adjusted the net assets to the fair value less cost of disposal, the closing did not result in an additional impact on the income statement for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2022 (2021: impairment of R$147 (US$28 million)). As a result, the Company no longer has manganese ferroalloys operations.

Vale Nouvelle-Calédonie S.A.S. (“VNC”) - In December 2020, the Company signed a binding put option agreement to sell its interest in VNC for an immaterial consideration to Prony Resources consortium. With the final agreement signed in March 2021, the Company recorded a loss in the amount of R$549 (US$98 million), presented as “Impairment reversal (impairment and disposals) of non-current assets, net” in the income statement for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2021. In the same period, the Company also recorded a gain of R$6,391 (US$1,132 million) due to the cumulative translation adjustments reclassification from the stockholders’ equity to the income statement as “Other financial items, net”.

Discontinued operations (Coal) - In June 2021, in preparation for a sale of the coal operation, in connection with the sustainable strategic mining agenda, the Company carried out a corporate reorganization by acquiring the interests held by Mitsui in the coal assets, which consist of Moatize mine and the Nacala Logistics Corridor (“NLC”). Following the acquisition of Mitsui’s stakes, and therefore, the simplification of the governance, the Company started the process of divesting its participation in the coal business.

In December 2021, the Company entered into a binding agreement with Vulcan Resources (formerly known as Vulcan Minerals - “Vulcan”) for the sale of these assets. Under the sale agreement Vulcan has committed to pay the gross amount of R$1,285 (US$270 million), in addition of a 10-year royalty agreement subject to certain mine production and coal price conditions and so, due to the nature and uncertainties related to the measurement of these royalties, gains will be recognized as incurred.

Therefore, in 2021 the Company adjusted the net assets of the coal business to the fair value less costs of disposal, resulting in impairment losses, and started presenting the coal segment as a discontinued operation starting from the year ended December 31, 2021.

On April 25, 2022, the transaction was completed and the Company recorded a net income from discontinued operations of R$9,818 (US$2,060 million) for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2022, which is mainly driven by the reclassification of the cumulative translation adjustments of R$14,636 (US$3,072 million), from the stockholders’ equity to the income statement, as required by IAS 21 - The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates , partially offset by the derecognition of noncontrolling interest of R$2,783 (US$585 million) due to the deconsolidation of the coal assets. Additionally, until the closing of the transaction, the Company recorded losses of R$2,867 (US$589 million), due to the impairment of assets acquired in the period and working capital adjustments. These effects are presented below:

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Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated

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(a) Net income and cash flows from discontinued operations

Consolidated — Three-month period ended September 30, Nine-month period ended September 30,
2022 2021 2022 2021
Net income from discontinued operations
Net operating revenue - 1,843 2,308 3,207
Cost of goods sold and services rendered - (1,902) (1,370) (5,529)
Operating expenses - (36) (64) (48)
Impairment and disposals of non-current assets, net - (12,286) (2,867) (16,638)
Operating loss - (12,381) (1,993) (19,008)
Cumulative translation adjustments (i) - - 14,636 2,134
Other financial results, net - (123) (33) (311)
Derecognition of noncontrolling interest - - (2,783) -
Equity results in associates and joint ventures - - - (144)
Net income (loss) before income taxes - (12,504) 9,827 (17,329)
Income taxes - 4,336 (9) 4,336
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations - (8,168) 9,818 (12,993)
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests - 216 - (556)
Net income (loss) attributable to Vale's stockholders - (8,384) 9,818 (12,437)

(i) In 2021, the Company assessed that its Australian subsidiaries (part of the coal business), which were no longer operational, were considered "abandoned" under IAS 21 and, therefore, the Company recognized a gain related to the cumulative translation adjustments in the amount of R$2,134 (US$424 million), which was reclassified to the net income for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2021.

Consolidated — Three-month period ended September 30, Nine-month period ended September 30,
2022 2021 2022 2021
Cash flow from discontinued operations
Operating activities
Net income (loss) before income taxes - (12,504) 9,827 (17,329)
Adjustments:
Equity results in associates and joint ventures - - - 144
Impairment and disposals of non-current assets, net - 12,286 2,867 16,638
Derecognition of noncontrolling interest - - 2,783 -
Financial results, net - 123 (14,603) (1,823)
Decrease in assets and liabilities - 392 (661) 167
Net cash generated (used) by operating activities - 297 213 (2,203)
Investing activities
Additions to property, plant and equipment - (257) (201) (607)
Acquisition of NLC, net of cash - - (11,800)
Disposal of coal, net of cash - (333) -
Other - 2 - 380
Net cash used in investing activities - (255) (534) (12,027)
Financing activities
Payments - (16) (54) (53)
Net cash used in financing activities - (16) (54) (53)
Net cash generated (used) by discontinued operations - 26 (375) (14,283)

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Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated

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  1. Intangible
Consolidated — Goodwill Concessions Software Research and development project and patents Total
Balance at December 31, 2021 17,905 29,149 479 2,754 50,287
Additions - 2,294 130 - 2,424
Disposals - (62) - - (62)
Amortization - (896) (166) - (1,062)
Translation adjustment (1,062) - (5) - (1,067)
Balance at September 30, 2022 16,843 30,485 438 2,754 50,520
Cost 16,843 37,412 2,899 2,754 59,908
Accumulated amortization - (6,927) (2,461) - (9,388)
Balance at September 30, 2022 16,843 30,485 438 2,754 50,520
Consolidated
Goodwill Concessions Software Research and development project and patents Total
Balance at December 31, 2020 17,141 28,015 396 2,757 48,309
Additions - 642 118 - 760
Disposals - (23) - - (23)
Amortization - (994) (124) - (1,118)
Acquisition of NLC (note 14) - 7,188 - - 7,188
Impairment (i) - (7,510) - - (7,510)
Translation adjustment 525 345 7 - 877
Balance at September 30, 2021 17,666 27,663 397 2,757 48,483
Cost 17,666 40,717 4,030 2,757 65,170
Accumulated amortization - (13,054) (3,633) - (16,687)
Balance at September 30, 2021 17,666 27,663 397 2,757 48,483

(i) The Company recognized an impairment loss related to coal assets incorporated in the acquisition of NLC in the amount of R$7,510 (US$1,422 million) for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2021.

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  1. Property, plant and equipment
Consolidated — Building and land Facilities Equipment Mineral properties Railway equipment Right of use assets Others Constructions in progress Total
Balance at December 31, 2021 45,408 40,357 26,463 43,206 13,024 8,579 13,864 43,094 233,995
Additions (i) - - - - - 221 - 18,751 18,972
Disposals (ii) (95) (49) (25) (1) (38) - (9) (315) (532)
Asset retirement obligation (note 23b) - - - (5,467) - - - - (5,467)
Depreciation, depletion and amortization (1,568) (1,848) (2,694) (1,639) (617) (706) (1,146) - (10,218)
Impairment reversal, net (note 14) 295 177 339 203 - - 107 - 1,121
Transfer to asset held for sale - Midwestern System (note 14) (295) (177) (339) (203) - - (107) - (1,121)
Translation adjustment (1,012) (732) (762) (3,249) (20) (256) (533) (2,051) (8,615)
Transfers 1,682 2,304 2,440 2,010 623 - 1,546 (10,605) -
Balance at September 30, 2022 44,415 40,032 25,422 34,860 12,972 7,838 13,722 48,874 228,135
Cost 81,585 65,088 59,938 83,502 21,273 11,128 30,530 48,874 401,918
Accumulated depreciation (37,170) (25,056) (34,516) (48,642) (8,301) (3,290) (16,808) - (173,783)
Balance at September 30, 2022 44,415 40,032 25,422 34,860 12,972 7,838 13,722 48,874 228,135
Consolidated — Building and land Facilities Equipment Mineral properties Railway equipment Right of use assets Others Constructions in progress Total
Balance at December 31, 2020 44,646 39,448 25,637 41,853 13,108 8,121 12,968 28,055 213,836
Additions (i) - - - - - 292 - 18,624 18,916
Disposals (ii) (18) (138) (315) - (25) - (5) (239) (740)
Asset retirement obligation - - - (2,508) - - - - (2,508)
Depreciation, depletion and amortization (1,774) (1,923) (2,632) (1,713) (687) (700) (1,053) - (10,482)
Acquisition of NLC (note 14) 1,185 663 515 - 1,640 167 10 460 4,640
Impairment (iii) (1,220) (604) (451) - (1,653) (172) (10) (1,240) (5,350)
Translation adjustment 717 432 849 1,635 52 297 265 991 5,238
Transfers 1,194 1,959 2,750 1,144 447 - 1,133 (8,627) -
Transfer to net assets held for sale (16) (12) (17) (8) - - (5) - (58)
Balance at September 30, 2021 44,714 39,825 26,336 40,403 12,882 8,005 13,303 38,024 223,492
Cost 82,728 65,479 59,271 90,692 20,379 10,593 29,717 38,024 396,883
Accumulated depreciation (38,014) (25,654) (32,935) (50,289) (7,497) (2,588) (16,414) - (173,391)
Balance at September 30, 2021 44,714 39,825 26,336 40,403 12,882 8,005 13,303 38,024 223,492

(i) Includes capitalized interest.

(ii) The net result from the disposal of assets recorded as “Impairment reversal (impairment and disposals) of non-current assets, net” was R$859 (US$174 million) (2021: R$500 (US$95 million)).

(iii) The Company recognized an impairment loss of R$4,655 (US$882 million) related to NLC assets for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2021.

Right-of-use assets (leases)

December 31, 2021 Additions and contract modifications Depreciation Translation adjustment September 30, 2022
Ports 3,797 4 (201) (106) 3,494
Vessels 2,744 (2) (165) (104) 2,473
Pelletizing plants 1,203 78 (181) - 1,100
Properties 468 80 (104) (3) 441
Energy plants 271 - (26) (27) 218
Mining equipment 96 61 (29) (16) 112
Total 8,579 221 (706) (256) 7,838

Lease liabilities are presented in note 20.

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Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated

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  1. Financial and capital risk management

a) Effects of derivatives on the balance sheet

Consolidated
Assets
September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021
Current Non-current Current Non-current
Foreign exchange and interest rate risk
CDI & TJLP vs. US$ fixed and floating rate swap 5 28 - -
IPCA swap - - 228 -
Pre-dollar swap and forward transactions 333 628 112 46
Libor swap 31 26 6 62
369 682 346 108
Commodities price risk
Base metals products 364 103 156 2
Gasoil, Brent and freight 88 39 47 -
452 142 203 2
Other - - 70 -
- - 70 -
Total 821 824 619 110
Consolidated
Liabilities
September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021
Current Non-current Current Non-current
Foreign exchange and interest rate risk
CDI & TJLP vs. US$ fixed and floating rate swap 252 937 842 2,453
IPCA swap 31 381 26 629
Pre-dollar swap and forward transactions 55 40 321 213
Libor swap - - - 6
338 1,358 1,189 3,301
Commodities price risk
Base metals products 71 - 149 -
Gasoil, Brent and freight 132 48 14 -
203 48 163 -
Other 17 61 3 -
Total 558 1,467 1,355 3,301

The balance of derivatives is presented in the balance sheet as “Other financial assets and liabilities” (note 12).

b) Net exposure

Consolidated — September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021
Foreign exchange and interest rate risk
CDI & TJLP vs. US$ fixed and floating rate swap (1,156) (3,295)
IPCA swap (412) (427)
Pre-dollar swap and forward transactions 866 (376)
Libor swap (i) 57 62
(645) (4,036)
Commodities price risk
Base metals products 396 9
Gasoil, Brent and freight (53) 33
343 42
Other (78) 67
(78) 67
Total (380) (3,927)

(i) In March 2021, the UK Financial Conduct Authority (“FCA”), the financial regulator in the United Kingdom, announced the discontinuation of the LIBOR rate for all terms in pounds, euros, Swiss francs, yen and for terms of one week and two months in dollars at the end of December 2021 and the other terms at the end of June 2023. The Company has adopted market practices in its new agreements and is monitoring the transition of the agreements that are still subject to LIBOR exposure.

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Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated

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c) Effects of derivatives on the income statement

Consolidated
Gain (loss) recognized in the income statement
Three-month period ended September 30, Nine-month period ended September 30,
2022 2021 2022 2021
Foreign exchange and interest rate risk
CDI & TJLP vs. US$ fixed and floating rate swap 236 (1,024) 1,641 (781)
IPCA swap (16) (219) 320 148
Eurobonds swap - - - (154)
Pre-dollar swap and forward operations 987 (1,245) 2,014 (192)
Libor swap 11 8 221 47
1,218 (2,480) 4,196 (932)
Commodities price risk
Base metals products (2) 10 40 (3)
Gasoil, Brent and freight (161) 62 (34) 627
(163) 72 6 624
Other (52) 15 (138) 45
(52) 15 (138) 45
Total 1,003 (2,393) 4,064 (263)

d) Effects of derivatives on the cash flows

Consolidated
Financial settlement inflows (outflows)
Three-month period ended September 30, Nine-month period ended September 30,
2022 2021 2022 2021
Foreign exchange and interest rate risk
CDI & TJLP vs. US$ fixed and floating rate swap (243) (56) (468) (584)
IPCA swap 250 - 304 (97)
Eurobonds swap - - - (162)
Pre-dollar swap and forward operations 358 15 814 (435)
Libor and treasury swap 229 (1) 185 (5)
594 (42) 835 (1,283)
Commodities price risk
Base metals products (87) (78) (964) (117)
Gasoil, Brent and freight 8 322 55 814
Thermal and coking coal - (88) - (88)
(79) 156 (909) 609
Other (4) - (4) -
Total 511 114 (78) (674)

e) Hedge accounting

Consolidated
Gain (loss) recognized in the other comprehensive income
Three-month period ended September 30, Nine-month period ended September 30,
2022 2021 2022 2021
Net investment hedge (246) (662) 162 (441)
Cash flow hedge (Thermal coal) - (63) - (87)
Cash flow hedge (Nickel and Palladium) 206 113 203 31

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Cash flow hedge (Nickel)

Notional (ton) — September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 Bought / Sold Average strike (US$/ton) Fair value — September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 Financial settlement Inflows (Outflows) — September 30, 2022 Value at Risk — September 30, 2022 Fair value by year — 2022 2023
Nickel Revenue Hedge Program
Forward 18,900 39,575 S 25,113 377 (143) (1,057) 119 (63) 440
Total 377 (143) (1,057) 119 (63) 440

In 2022, the Company renewed its hedge nickel program due to the high volatility of nickel prices linked to future cash flows forecast for the period. In this program, hedging operations were executed, through forward contracts, to protect a portion of the projected volume of sales at floating, highly probable realization prices, guaranteeing prices above the average unit cost of nickel production for the protected volumes. The contracts are traded on the London Metal Exchange or over-the-counter market and the hedged item's P&L is offset by the hedged item’s P&L due to Nickel price variation.

Cash flow hedge (Palladium)

Notional (t oz) — September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 Bought / Sold Average strike (US$/t oz) Fair value — September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 Financial settlement Inflows (Outflows) — September 30, 2022 Value at Risk — September 30, 2022 Fair value by year — 2022
Palladium Revenue Hedge Program
Call Options 11,057 44,228 S 3,368 - (5) - - -
Put Options 11,057 44,228 B 2,436 16 146 50 8 16
Total 16 141 50 8 16

f) Protection programs for the R$ denominated debt instruments and other liabilities

Notional — September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 Index Average rate Fair value — September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 Financial Settlement Inflows (Outflows) — September 30, 2022 Value at Risk — September 30, 2022 Fair value by year — 2022 2023 2024+
CDI vs. US$ fixed rate swap (843) (2,572) (285) 150 (41) (194) (608)
Receivable R$ 6,636 R$ 8,142 CDI 101.93%
Payable US$ 1,540 US$ 1,906 Fix 2.52%
TJLP vs. US$ fixed rate swap (313) (723) (174) 22 (19) (43) (251)
Receivable R$ 879 R$ 1,192 TJLP + 1.05%
Payable US$ 221 US$ 320 Fix 3.41%
R$ fixed rate vs. US$ fixed rate swap 665 (354) 183 382 2 276 387
Receivable R$ 20,957 R$ 5,730 Fix 5.22%
Payable US$ 3,968 US$ 1,084 Fix -1.35%
IPCA vs. US$ fixed rate swap (412) (656) 42 33 (9) (33) (370)
Receivable R$ 1,348 R$ 1,508 IPCA + 4.54%
Payable US$ 333 US$ 373 Fix 3.88%
IPCA vs. CDI swap - 228 262 - - - -
Receivable - R$ 769 IPCA + -
Payable - R$ 1,350 CDI -
Forward R$ 4,395 R$ 6,013 B 5.39 201 (22) 631 70 3 169 29

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Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated

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g) Protection program for Libor floating interest rate US$ denominated debt

Notional — September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 Index Average rate Fair value — September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 Financial Settlement Inflows (Outflows) — September 30, 2022 Value at Risk — September 30, 2022 2022 2023 2024+
Libor vs. US$ fixed rate swap 57 62 226 7 11 38 8
Receivable US$ 150 US$ 950 Libor 0.85%
Payable US$ 150 US$ 950 Fix 0.85%

In August 2022, swap operations to convert interest rates indexed to the Libor to fixed rates were liquidated due to the settlement of a portion of the debt. The Company kept its swap strategy for remaining amount of US$150 of debt indexed to the Libor.

h) Protection for treasury volatility related to tender offer transaction

Notional — September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 Index Average rate Fair value — September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 Financial Settlement Inflows (Outflows) — September 30, 2022 Value at Risk — September 30, 2022 2022
Forwards - - - - - - (41) - -

To reduce the volatility of the premium to be paid to investors for the tender offer transaction issued on June 9, 2022, treasury lock transactions were implemented and already settled.

i) Protection program for product prices and input costs

Notional — September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 Bought / Sold Average strike (US$/bbl) Fair value — September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 Financial settlement Inflows (Outflows) — September 30, 2022 Value at Risk — September 30, 2022 Fair value by year — 2022 2023+
Brent crude oil (bbl)
Call options 10,268,250 762,000 B 106 126 39 64 25 11 115
Put options 10,268,250 762,000 S 69 (152) (14) - 30 (42) (110)
Forward Freight Agreement (days)
Freight forwards 1,350 330 B 17,447 (28) 8 (10) 5 (18) (10)

In 2022, the Company renewed its brent crude oil hedge through options contracts on Brent Crude Oil, for different portions of the exposure, in order to reduce the impact of fluctuations in fuel oil prices on the hiring and availability of maritime freight and, consequently, to reduce the Company’s cash flow volatility. The derivative transactions were negotiated over-the-counter and the protected item is part of the costs linked to the price of fuel oil used on ships. The financial settlement inflows or outflows are offset by the protected items’ losses or gains.

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j) Other derivatives, including embedded derivatives in contracts

Notional — September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 Bought / Sold Average strike (US$/bbl) Fair value — September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 Financial settlement Inflows (Outflows) — September 30, 2022 Value at Risk — September 30, 2022 Fair value — 2022 Valor justo — 2023+
Option related to a Special Purpose Entity (i)
Call option - 137,751,623 B - - 70 - - - -
Embedded derivative in natural gas purchase agreement
Call options 746,667 729,571 S 233 (78) (3) (4) (47) (78) -
Fixed price sales protection
Nickel forwards 792 342 B 20,630 2 8 9 5 1 2
Hedge program for products acquisition for resale
Nickel forwards 84 1,206 S 22,523 1 (6) 35 1 1 -

(i) In January 2019, the Company acquired a call option related to shares of certain special purpose entities, which are part of a wind farm located in state of Bahia, Brazil, which expired in July 2022 without exercising the option.

k) Sensitivity analysis of derivative financial instruments

The following tables present the potential value of the instruments given hypothetical stress scenarios for the main market risk factors that impact the derivatives positions. The scenarios were defined as follows:

  • Probable: the probable scenario was defined as the fair value of the derivative instruments as of September 30, 2022.

  • Scenario I: fair value estimated considering a 25% deterioration in the associated risk variables.

  • Scenario II: fair value estimated considering a 50% deterioration in the associated risk variables.

Instrument Instrument's main risk events Probable Scenario I Scenario II
CDI vs. US$ fixed rate swap R$ depreciation (843) (2,815) (4,787)
US$ interest rate inside Brazil decrease (843) (1,115) (1,414)
Brazilian interest rate increase (843) (1,042) (1,242)
Protected item: R$ denominated liabilities R$ depreciation n.a. - -
TJLP vs. US$ fixed rate swap R$ depreciation (313) (602) (892)
US$ interest rate inside Brazil decrease (313) (342) (373)
Brazilian interest rate increase (313) (363) (408)
TJLP interest rate decrease (313) (347) (382)
Protected item: R$ denominated debt R$ depreciation n.a. - -
R$ fixed rate vs. US$ fixed rate swap R$ depreciation 665 (4,190) (9,045)
US$ interest rate inside Brazil decrease 665 200 (292)
Brazilian interest rate increase 665 (295) (1,180)
Protected item: R$ denominated debt R$ depreciation n.a. - -
IPCA swap vs. US$ fixed rate swap R$ depreciation (412) (850) (1,287)
US$ interest rate inside Brazil decrease (412) (470) (533)
Brazilian interest rate increase (412) (497) (581)
IPCA index decrease (412) (455) (498)
Protected item: R$ denominated debt R$ depreciation n.a. - -
US$ floating rate vs. US$ fixed rate swap US$ Libor decrease 57 28 (1)
Protected item: Libor US$ indexed debt US$ Libor decrease n.a. (28) 1
NDF BRL/USD R$ depreciation 201 (719) (1,638)
US$ interest rate inside Brazil decrease 201 150 97
Brazilian interest rate increase 201 90 (15)
Protected item: R$ denominated liabilities R$ depreciation n.a. - -

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Instrument Instrument's main risk events Probable Scenario I Scenario II
Fuel oil protection
Options Price input decrease (25) (608) (1,565)
Protected item: Part of costs linked to fuel oil prices Price input decrease n.a. 608 1,565
Forward Freight Agreement
Forwards Freight price decrease (28) (48) (72)
Protected item: Part of costs linked to maritime freight prices Freight price decrease n.a. 48 72
Nickel sales fixed price protection
Forwards Nickel price decrease 2 (20) (42)
Protected item: Part of nickel revenues with fixed prices Nickel price decrease n.a. 20 42
Hedge program for products acquisition for resale (tons)
Forwards Nickel price increase 1 - (2)
Protected item: Part of revenues from products for resale Nickel price increase n.a. - 2
Nickel Revenue Hedging Program
Options Nickel price increase 377 (158) (693)
Protected item: Part of nickel revenues with fixed sales prices Nickel price increase n.a. 158 693
Palladium Revenue Hedging Program
Options Palladium price increase 16 1 (10)
Protected item: Part of palladium future revenues Palladium price increase n.a. (1) 10
Instrument Main risks Probable Scenario I Scenario II
Embedded derivatives - Gas purchase Pellet price increase (78) (160) (253)

l) Financial counterparties’ ratings

The transactions of derivative instruments, cash and cash equivalents as well as short-term investments are held with financial institutions whose exposure limits are periodically reviewed and approved by the delegated authority. The financial institutions credit risk is performed through a methodology that considers, among other information, ratings provided by international rating agencies.

The table below presents the ratings in foreign currency as published by Moody’s regarding the main financial institutions used by the Company to contract derivative instruments, cash and cash equivalents transaction.

Consolidated — September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021
Cash and cash equivalents and investment Derivatives Cash and cash equivalents and investment Derivatives
Aa1 121 - 712 -
Aa2 1,880 10 1,592 81
Aa3 1,223 - 2,761 187
A1 10,650 671 6,387 19
A2 3,151 357 19,408 220
A3 4,853 134 8,471 111
Baa1 1 - 500 -
Baa2 616 - 59 -
Ba2 (i) 3,083 414 15,420 28
Ba3 (i) 2,662 93 11,096 -
Other - (34) 31 83
28,240 1,645 66,437 729

(i) A substantial part of the balances is held with financial institutions in Brazil and, in local currency, they are deemed investment grade .

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  1. Financial assets and liabilities

The Company classifies its financial instruments in accordance with the purpose for which they were acquired, and determines the

classification and initial recognition according to the following categories:

Consolidated
September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021
Financial assets Amortized cost At fair value through OCI At fair value through profit or loss Total Amortized cost At fair value through OCI At fair value through profit or loss Total
Current
Cash and cash equivalents (note 20) 28,015 - - 28,015 65,409 - - 65,409
Short-term investments (note 20) - - 225 225 - - 1,028 1,028
Derivative financial instruments (note 17a) - - 821 821 - - 619 619
Accounts receivable (note 9) 3,449 - 8,175 11,624 3,921 - 17,919 21,840
31,464 - 9,221 40,685 69,330 - 19,566 88,896
Non-current
Judicial deposits (note 25c) 6,968 - - 6,968 6,808 - - 6,808
Restricted cash (note 12) 420 - - 420 653 - - 653
Derivative financial instruments (note 17a) - - 824 824 - - 110 110
Investments in equity securities (note 12) - 32 - 32 - 33 - 33
7,388 32 824 8,244 7,461 33 110 7,604
Total of financial assets 38,852 32 10,045 48,929 76,791 33 19,676 96,500
Financial liabilities
Current
Suppliers and contractors (note 11) 25,600 - - 25,600 19,393 - - 19,393
Derivative financial instruments (note 17a) - - 558 558 - - 1,355 1,355
Loans, borrowings and leases (note 20) 2,412 - - 2,412 6,720 - - 6,720
Liabilities related to the concession grant (note 12a) 3,749 - - 3,749 4,241 - - 4,241
Other financial liabilities - Related parties (note 28) 734 - - 734 2,192 - - 2,192
Contract liability 2,695 - - 2,695 3,158 - - 3,158
35,190 - 558 35,748 35,704 - 1,355 37,059
Non-current
Derivative financial instruments (note 17a) - - 1,467 1,467 - - 3,301 3,301
Loans, borrowings and leases (note 20) 63,565 - - 63,565 70,189 - - 70,189
Participative stockholders' debentures (note 19) - - 14,379 14,379 - - 19,078 19,078
Liabilities related to the concession grant (note 12a) 8,520 - - 8,520 8,017 - - 8,017
Financial guarantees (note 6a) - - 546 546 - - 3,026 3,026
72,085 - 16,392 88,477 78,206 - 25,405 103,611
Total of financial liabilities 107,275 - 16,950 124,225 113,910 - 26,760 140,670

a) Hierarchy of fair value

Consolidated
September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Financial assets
Short-term investments (note 20) 225 - - 225 1,028 - - 1,028
Derivative financial instruments (note 17a) - 1,645 - 1,645 - 659 70 729
Accounts receivable (note 9) - 8,175 - 8,175 - 17,919 - 17,919
Investments in equity securities (note 12) 32 - - 32 33 - - 33
257 9,820 - 10,077 1,061 18,578 70 19,709
Financial liabilities
Derivative financial instruments (note 17a) - 2,025 - 2,025 - 4,656 - 4,656
Participative stockholders' debentures (note 19) - 14,379 - 14,379 - 19,078 - 19,078
Financial guarantees (note 6) - 546 - 546 - 3,026 - 3,026
- 16,950 - 16,950 - 26,760 - 26,760

There were no transfers between levels 1, 2 and 3 of the fair value hierarchy during the periods presented.

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a.i) Changes in Level 3 assets and liabilities during the period

Consolidated
Derivative financial instruments
Financial assets Financial liabilities
Balance at December 31, 2021 70 -
Losses recognized in the income statement (70) -
Balance at September 30, 2022 - -

b) Fair value of loans and borrowings

Consolidated — September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021
Current liabilities Fair value Non-current liabilities Fair value
Quoted in the secondary market:
Bonds 33,294 30,887 41,564 51,068
Debentures 1,270 1,254 2,160 2,160
Debt contracts in Brazil in:
R$, indexed to TJLP, TR, IPCA, IGP-M and CDI 1,502 1,505 1,975 2,508
R$, with fixed interest 10 11 73 -
Basket of currencies and bonds in US$ indexed to LIBOR - - 61 61
Debt contracts in the international market in:
US$, with variable and fixed interest 20,339 19,294 20,173 18,030
Other currencies, with variable interest 49 49 486 299
Other currencies, with fixed interest 475 469 597 654
Total 56,939 53,469 67,089 74,780

19. Participative stockholders’ debentures

At the time of its privatization in 1997, the Company issued a total of 388,559,056 debentures to then-existing stockholders, including the Brazilian Government. The debentures’ terms were set to ensure that pre-privatization stockholders would participate in potential future benefits that might be obtained from exploration of mineral resources. This obligation related to the debentures will cease when all the relevant mineral resources are exhausted, sold or otherwise disposed of by the Company.

Holders of participative stockholders’ debentures have the right to receive semi-annual payments equal to an agreed percentage of revenues less value-added tax, transport fee and insurance expenses related to the trading of the products, derived from these mineral resources. On October 3, 2022 (subsequent event), the Company made available for withdrawal as remuneration the amount of R$715 (US$137 million) for the first semester of 2022, as disclosed on the “Shareholders’ debentures report” made available on the Company’s website.

To calculate the fair value of the liability, the Company uses the weighted average price of trades in the secondary market for the last month of the quarter. The average price decreased from R$49.10 per debenture for the year ended December 31, 2021 to R$37.00 per debenture for the period ended September 30, 2022, resulting in a gain of R$3,800 (US$758 million) recorded in the income statement for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2022 (an expense of R$5,886 (US$1,107 million) for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2021), respectively. As of September 30, 2022 the liability was R$14,379 (US$2,659 million) (R$19,078 (US$3,419 million) as at December 31, 2021).

The average price decreased from R$43.39 per debenture for the period ended June 30, 2022 (R$60.34 for the period ended June 30, 2021) to R$37.00 per debenture for the period ended September 30, 2022 (R$57.78 for the period ended September 30, 2021), resulting in a gain of R$2,478 (US$470 million) recorded in the income statement for the three-month period ended September 30, 2022 (a gain of R$825 (US$152 million) for the three-month period ended September 30, 2021).

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  1. Loans, borrowings, leases, cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments

a) Net debt

The Company evaluates the net debt with the objective of ensuring the continuity of its business in the long term.

Consolidated — September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021
Debt contracts 57,663 67,967
Leases 8,314 8,942
Total of loans, borrowings and leases 65,977 76,909
(-) Cash and cash equivalents 28,015 65,409
(-) Short-term investments 225 1,028
Net debt 37,737 10,472

b) Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash, immediately redeemable deposits, and short-term investments with an insignificant risk of change in value and readily convertible to cash, being R$10,137 (US$1,875 million) (R$37,468 (US$6,714 million) as of December 31, 2021) denominated in R$, indexed to the CDI, R$13,944 (US$2,579 million) (R$26,613 (US$4,769 million) as of December 31, 2021) denominated in US$ and R$3,934 (US$728 million) (R$1,328 (US$238 million) as of December 31, 2021) denominated in other currencies as of September 30, 2022.

c) Short-term investments

As of September 30, 2022, the balance of R$225 (US$42 million) (R$1,028 (US$184 million) as of December 31, 2021) substantially comprises investments in exclusive investment fund immediately liquidity, whose portfolio is composed of committed transactions and Financial Treasury Bills (“LFTs”), which are floating-rate securities issued by the Brazilian government.

d) Loans, borrowings, and leases

i) Total debt

Consolidated
Current liabilities Non-current liabilities
Average interest rate (i) September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021
Quoted in the secondary market:
US$ Bonds 6.00% - - 33,294 41,564
R$ Debentures (ii) 9.96% 243 1,038 1,027 1,122
Debt contracts in Brazil in (iii):
R$, indexed to TJLP, TR, IPCA, IGP-M and CDI 10.83% 237 530 1,265 1,445
R$, with fixed interest 3.04% 10 67 - 6
Basket of currencies and bonds in US$ indexed to LIBOR - 61 - -
Debt contracts in the international market in:
US$, with variable and fixed interest 4.20% 292 2,673 20,047 17,500
Other currencies, with variable interest 4.09% - 430 49 56
Other currencies, with fixed interest 3.59% 59 67 416 530
Accrued charges 724 878 - -
Total 1,565 5,744 56,098 62,223

(i) In order to determine the average interest rate for debt contracts with floating rates, the Company used the rate applicable as of September 30, 2022.

(ii) The Company has debentures in Brazil that were raised with BNDES for infrastructure investment projects.

(iii) The Company contracted derivatives to mitigate the exposure to changes in cash flows of debt contracted in Brazil, resulting in an average cost of 3.59% per year in US$.

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Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated

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Future flows of debt payments, principal and interest

Consolidated — Principal Estimated future interest payments (i)
2022 419 748
2023 550 3,342
2024 3,283 3,205
2025 800 3,086
Between 2026 and 2030 19,870 10,099
2031 onwards 32,017 12,993
Total 56,939 33,473

(i) Based on interest rate curves and foreign exchange rates applicable as of September 30, 2022 and considering that the payments of principal will be made on their contracted payments dates. The amount includes the estimated interest not yet accrued and the interest already recognized in the financial statements.

Covenants

Some of the Company’s debt agreements with lenders contain covenants. The primary financial covenants in those agreements require maintaining certain ratios, such as debt to EBITDA, which is defined in note 4, and interest coverage. The Company did not identify any instances of noncompliance as of September 30, 2022.

Reconciliation of debt to cash flows arising from financing activities

Consolidated — Quoted in the secondary market Debt contracts in Brazil Debt contracts on the international market Total
December 31, 2021 44,501 2,120 21,346 67,967
Additions - - 4,133 4,133
Payments (7,276) (1,089) (3,272) (11,637)
Interest paid (i) (2,943) (239) (174) (3,356)
Cash flow from financing activities (10,219) (1,328) 687 (10,860)
Effect of exchange rate (1,579) (15) (790) (2,384)
Interest accretion 2,058 607 275 2,940
Non-cash changes 479 592 (515) 556
September 30, 2022 34,761 1,384 21,518 57,663

(i) Classified as cash flow due to operational activities.

Funding and payments

· In January 2022, the Company contracted two lines of credit indexed to Libor, in the amount of R$2,361 (US$425 million) with maturity in 2027 with the Bank of Nova Scotia, and prepaid R$993 (US$200 million) of a line of credit maturing in 2023 with the same bank.

· In May 2022, the Company contracted the credit line of R$967 (US$200 million) with MUFG Bank indexed to Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) and maturing in 2027.

· In June 2022, the Company repurchased R$6,520 (US$1,291 million) of its bonds and paid a premium of R$568 (US$113 million), which has been recorded and is presented as “Bond premium repurchase” under the financial results for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2022.

· In July 2022, the Company contracted the credit line of R$805 (US$150 million) with SMBC Bank indexed to Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) and maturing in 2027.

· In August 2022, the Company settle its infrastructure debentures of the 2nd series, by a payment of R$865 (US$170 million).

· In January 2021, the Company contracted the credit line of R$1,633 (US$300 million) with The New Development Bank maturing in 2035 and indexed to Libor + 2.49% per year.

· In March 2021, the Company redeemed all of its 3.750% bonds due January 2023, in the total amount of R$4,946 (EUR750 million) and paid a premium of R$354 (US$63 million), which was recorded and is presented as “Bond premium repurchase” under the financial results for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2021.

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Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated

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Lease liabilities

Consolidated — December 31, 2021 Additions and contract modifications Payments (i) Interest Sale of Midwestern System (note 14) Translation adjustment September 30, 2022
Ports 3,982 4 (274) 100 (79) (109) 3,624
Vessels 2,731 (2) (244) 68 - (103) 2,450
Pelletizing plants 1,253 78 (47) 39 - - 1,323
Properties 577 80 (139) 10 - 2 530
Energy plants 328 - (21) 12 - (35) 284
Mining equipment 71 61 (19) 9 - (19) 103
Total 8,942 221 (744) 238 (79) (264) 8,314
Current liabilities 976 - - - - - 847
Non-current liabilities 7,966 - - - - - 7,467
Total 8,942 - - - - - 8,314

(i) The total amount of the variable lease payments not included in the measurement of the lease liabilities for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2022 was R$1,386 (US$270 million) (2021: R$1.457 (US$277 million)).

Annual minimum payments and remaining lease term

The following table presents the undiscounted lease obligation by maturity date. The lease liability recognized in the balance sheet is measured at the present value of such obligations.

2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 onwards Total Remaining contractual term (years) Discount rate
Ports 88 336 333 330 3,941 5,028 1 to 21 3% to 5%
Vessels 85 333 325 317 1,869 2,929 3 to 11 3% to 4%
Pelletizing plants 223 262 217 217 606 1,525 1 to 11 2% to 5%
Properties 59 132 116 70 229 606 1 to 8 2% to 6%
Energy plants 9 32 28 28 269 366 1 to 8 5% to 6%
Mining equipment 10 33 23 20 15 101 1 to 6 2% to 6%
Total 474 1,128 1,042 982 6,929 10,555
  1. Brumadinho dam failure

On January 25, 2019, a tailings dam (“Dam I”) failed at the Córrego do Feijão mine, in the city of Brumadinho, state of Minas Gerais. The failure released a flow of tailings debris, destroying some of Vale’s facilities, affecting local communities and disturbing the environment. The tailings released have caused an impact of around 315 km in extension, reaching the nearby Paraopeba River. The dam failure in Brumadinho (“event”) resulted in 270 fatalities or presumed fatalities, including 4 victims still missing, and caused extensive property and environmental damage in the region.

As a result, on February 4, 2021, the Company entered into a Judicial Settlement for Integral Reparation (“Global Settlement”), which was under negotiations since 2019, with the State of Minas Gerais, the Public Defender of the State of Minas Gerais and the Federal and the State of Minas Gerais Public Prosecutors Offices, to repair the environmental and social damage resulting from the Dam I rupture.

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Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated

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Changes on the provisions in the period

Consolidated — December 31, 2021 Operating expense Present value adjustment Disbursements September 30, 2022
Global Settlement for Brumadinho
Payment obligations 7,964 - 205 (2,881) 5,288
Provision for socio-economic reparation and others 4,757 - 67 (337) 4,487
Provision for social and environmental reparation 3,933 - 220 (158) 3,995
16,654 - 492 (3,376) 13,770
Commitments
Tailings containment and geotechnical safety 1,772 1,215 (15) (290) 2,682
Individual indemnification 640 - (1) (309) 330
Other commitments 671 162 (29) (118) 686
3,083 1,377 (45) (717) 3,698
19,737 1,377 447 (4,093) 17,468
Current liabilities 6,449 7,127
Non-current liabilities 13,288 10,341
Liabilities 19,737 - - - 17,468
Discount rate in nominal terms 8.08% 8.75%

The Company has incurred expenses, which have been recognized straight to the income statement, in relation to tailings management, humanitarian assistance, payroll, legal services, water supply, among others. In the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2022, the Company incurred expenses in the amounts of R$836 (US$160 million) and R$2,236 (US$437 million), respectively (R$847 (US$161 million) and R$2,437 (US$461 million), in the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2021)).

a) Global Settlement for Brumadinho

The Global Agreement includes: (i) payment obligations, of which the funds will be used directly by the State of Minas Gerais and Institutions of Justice for socio-economic and socio-environmental compensation projects; (ii) socioeconomic projects in Brumadinho and other municipalities; and (iii) compensation of the environmental damage caused by the dam rupture. These obligations are projected for an average period of 5 years.

For the measures (i) and (ii), the agreement specifies an amount for each project and changes in the original budget and deadlines may have an impact in the provision. In addition, despite the amount set by Global Settlement to carry out the environmental recovery actions, it has no cap due to the Company's legal obligation to fully repair the environmental damage caused by the dam rupture. The expenses related to these obligations are deducted from the income tax calculation, in accordance with the Brazilian tax regulation, which is subject to periodic inspection by the competent authorities. Therefore, despite the fact Vale is monitoring this provision, the amount recorded could materially change depending on several factors that are not under the Company’s control.

b) Contingencies and other legal matters

(b.i) Public civil actions brought by the State of Minas Gerais and state public prosecutors for damages resulting from the rupture of Dam I

The Company is party to public civil actions brought by the State of Minas Gerais and justice institutions, claiming compensation for socioeconomic and socio-environmental damages resulting from the dam failure and seeking a broad range of preliminary injunctions ordering Vale to take specific remediation and reparation actions. As a result of the Global Settlement, settled in February 2021, the requests for the reparation of socio-environmental and socioeconomic damages caused by the dam rupture were substantially resolved. Indemnifications for individual damages was excluded from the Global Settlement, and the Term of Commitment signed with the Public Defendants of the State of Minas Gerais was ratified, whose parameters are utilized as a basis for the settlement of individual agreements. In the same year of 2021, it was initiated, by Vale and the State of Minas Gerais and justice institutions, the fulfilment of the Global Settlement.

(b.ii) Collective Labor Civil Actions

In 2021, public civil actions were filed in the Betim Labor Court in the State of Minas Gerais, by a workers' unions claiming the payment of compensation for death damages to own and outsourced employees, who died as a result of the rupture of Dam I.

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Initial sentences were published condemning Vale to pay from R$1 (US$185 thousand) per fatal victim. Vale is defending itself on the lawsuits and understands that the likelihood of loss is possible.

(b.iii) U.S. Securities class action suit

Vale is defending itself in a class action brought before a Federal Court in New York and filed by holders of securities - American Depositary Receipts ("ADRs") - issued by Vale. Following the decision of the Court, in May 2020, that denied the Motion to Dismiss presented by the Company, the Discovery phase has started and is expected to be concluded in 2023.

On November 24, 2021, a new Complaint was filed before the same Court by eight Plaintiffs, all investment funds, as an “opt-out” litigation from the class action already pending in the Eastern District of New York court, asserting virtually the same claims against the same defendants as those in the class case.

The likelihood of loss of these proceedings is classified as possible. However, considering the initial stage of this class action, it is not possible to reliably estimate the amount of a potential loss at this time. The Plaintiff did not specify the amounts alleged in this demand.

(b.iv) Arbitration proceedings in Brazil filed by minority stockholders and a class association

In Brazil, Vale is a defendant in (i) one arbitration filed by 385 minority stockholders, (ii) two arbitrations filed by a class association allegedly representing all Vale’s minority stockholders, and (iii) three arbitrations filed by foreign investment funds.

In the six proceedings, the Claimants argue Vale was aware of the risks associated with the dam and failed to disclose it to the stockholders. Based on such argument, they claim compensation for losses caused by the decrease of the value of the shares.

The expectation of loss is classified as possible for the six procedures and, considering the initial phase, it is not possible at this time to reliably estimate the amount of a possible loss.

In one of the proceedings filed by foreign funds, the Claimants initially estimated the amount of the alleged losses would be approximately R$1,800 (US$333 million). In another proceeding filed by foreign funds, the Claimants initially estimated the amount of the alleged losses would be approximately US$721 (R$3,900 million). The Company disagrees with the ongoing proceedings and understands that, in this case and at the current stage of the proceedings, the probability of loss in the amount claimed by the foreign funds is remote.

(b.v) Lawsuit filed by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and Investigations conducted by CVM

On April 28, 2022, SEC filed a suit against Vale alleging violations of U.S. securities laws arising from Vale’s disclosures about its dam safety management, including the dam in Brumadinho. The SEC is seeking the imposition of civil monetary penalties, disgorgement and other relief within the SEC’s authority in a lawsuit filed in a federal court. Vale believes that its disclosures did not violate U.S. law and is contesting such allegations. On September 29, 2022, Vale served the SEC with its motion to dismiss the complaint. The SEC’s deadline to serve Vale with its Opposition to the motion to dismiss is currently ongoing. The likelihood of loss of this proceeding is classified as possible and it is not yet possible to reliably estimate the amount of a potential loss to the Company due to the initial phase of the lawsuit.

CVM is also conducting investigations relating to Vale's disclosure of relevant information to shareholders, investors and the market in general, especially regarding the conditions and management of Vale's dams. The likelihood of loss of this proceeding is classified as possible and it is not yet possible to reliably estimate the amount of a potential loss to the Company.

(b.vi) Criminal proceedings and investigations

In January 2020, the State Prosecutors of Minas Gerais (“MPMG”) filed criminal charges against 16 individuals (including former executive officers of Vale and former employees) for a number of potential crimes, including homicide, and against Vale S.A. for alleged environmental crimes. In November 2021, the Brazilian Federal Police concluded an investigation on potential criminal liability for the Brumadinho dam rupture. The investigation has been sent to the Federal Public Prosecutors (“MPF”), which has not brought criminal charges against Vale. The MPF and the Brazilian Federal Police conducted a separate investigation into the causes of the dam rupture in Brumadinho, which may result in new criminal proceedings. Vale is defending itself against the criminal claims and is no possible to estimate when a decision will be issued.

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(b.vii) Decision of Brazilian Office of the Comptroller General (“CGU”)

In October 2020, the Company was informed that the CGU initiated an administrative proceeding based on the same allegations under the Brazilian Law 12,846/2013 in connection with inspection and monitoring activities relating to the Brumadinho dam. In August 2022, the CGU has concluded that Vale has failed to present reliable information to the Brazilian National Mining Agency (“ANM”) and that it was issued a positive stability condition (“DCE”) statement for the Dam I of Brumadinho, when, in the understanding of the CGU, it should be negative. Thus, even recognizing the non-existence of corruption acts, the CGU issued a fine of R$86 (US$16 million), the minimum baseline established by law, recognizing the non-involvement or tolerance of the top management. Vale has submitted a request for reconsideration, but it believes the likelihood of loss this amount is possible.

c) Insurance

The Company is negotiating with insurers the payment of indemnification under its civil liability and Directors and Officers Liability Insurance. However, these negotiations are still in progress, therefore any payment of insurance proceeds will depend on the coverage definitions under these policies and assessment of the amount of loss. Due to uncertainties, no indemnification related to these insurers was recognized in these financial statements.

22. Liabilities related to associates and joint ventures

a) Provision related to the rupture of Samarco dam

In November 2015, the Fundão tailings dam owned by Samarco Mineração S.A. (Samarco) failed, releasing tailings downstream, flooding certain communities and causing impacts on communities and the environment along the Doce river. The rupture resulted in 19 fatalities and caused property and environmental damage to the affected areas. Samarco is a joint venture equally owned by Vale S.A. and BHP Billiton Brasil Ltda. (‘‘BHPB’’).

In 2016, Vale, Samarco and BHPB, entered into a Framework Agreement with the Federal Government of Brazil, the states of Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais and certain other public authorities to establish that is developing and executing environmental and socio-economic programs to remediate and provide compensation for damage caused by the Samarco dam failure.

In June 2018, Samarco, Vale and BHPB entered into a comprehensive agreement with the offices of the federal and state (Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo) prosecutors, public defenders and attorney general, among other parties (“TacGov Agreement”), improving the governance mechanism of Renova Foundation and establishing, among other things, a process for potential revisions to the remediation programs under the Framework Agreement.

Under the Framework Agreement, Samarco has primary responsibility for funding Fundação Renova’s annual calendar year budget for the duration of the Framework Agreement. However, to the extent that Samarco does not meet its funding obligations, each of Vale and BHPB have secondary funding obligations under the Framework Agreement in proportion to its 50 per cent shareholding in Samarco.

Samarco began to gradually recommence operations in December 2020, however, there remains significant uncertainty regarding Samarco’s long-term cash flow generation. In light of these uncertainties and based on currently available information, Vale has a provision for its obligations under the Framework Agreement programs in the amount of R$15,963 (US$2,953 million) at September 30, 2022 (December 31, 2021: R$16,245 (US$2,910 million)).

b) Germano Dam

In addition to the Fundão tailings dam, Samarco owns the Germano dam, which was also built under the upstream method and has been inactive since the Fundão dam rupture. Due to the safety requirements set by the Brazilian National Mining Agency (“ANM”), Samarco prepared a project for the de-characterization of this dam, resulting in a provision for the de-characterization of the Germano tailings dam. As of September 30, 2022, Vale has a provision for de-characterization of Germano tailings dam in the amount of R$1,033 (US$191 million) (December 31, 2021: R$1,126 (US$202 million)).

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c) Changes on the provisions in the period

Consolidated — 2022 2021
Balance at January 1, 17,371 10,782
Additional provision 450 2,820
Disbursements (598) (743)
Present value adjustment (227) (537)
Balance at September 30, 16,996 12,322
September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021
Current liabilities 10,959 9,964
Non-current liabilities 6,037 7,407
Liabilities 16,996 17,371

d) Samarco’s working capital

In addition to the provision, Vale S.A. made available R$113 (US$21 million) during the nine-month period ended September 30, 2021, which was fully used to fund Samarco’s working capital. This amount was recognized in Vale´s income statement as an expense in “Equity results and other results in associates and joint ventures”. In 2022, Vale was not required to fund Samarco’s working capital.

e) Judicial recovery of Samarco

In April 2021, Samarco announced the request for Judicial Reorganization (“RJ”) that was filed with the Minas Gerais Court to renegotiate its debt, which is held by bondholders abroad. The purpose of RJ is to restructure Samarco’s debts and establish an independent and sustainable financial position, allowing Samarco to keep working to resume its operations safely and to fulfill its obligations related to the Renova Foundation.

In addition, the ongoing discussions in the context of the RJ may lead to the loss of deductibility of part of the expenses incurred with the Renova Foundation and of the deferred taxes over the total provision, depending on the method determined for restructuring Samarco's debts. As of September 30, 2022, the exposure is R$7,951 (US$1,471 million), of which R$2,376 (US$439 million) are expenses already incurred and considered as part of the Company’s uncertain tax positions.

The Company is working in the perspective that the mechanisms resulting from the RJ will continue allowing the deductibility of these expenses. However, future decisions resulting from the negotiations regarding Samarco's capital structure, which are not under Vale's control, could materially change the deferred tax recognized by the Company.

f) Contingencies related to Samarco accident

These proceedings include public civil actions brought by Brazilian authorities and multiple proceedings involving claims for significant amounts of damages and remediation measures. The Framework Agreements represents a model for the settlement of the public civil action brought by the MPF and other related proceedings. There are also putative securities class actions in the United States against Vale and some of its current and former officers and a criminal proceeding in Brazil. The main updates regarding the lawsuits in the period were as follows:

(f.i) Public civil action brought by federal prosecutors and framework agreements

Vale is a defendant in several legal proceedings brought by governmental authorities and civil associations claiming socioenvironmental and socioeconomic damages and a number of specific remediation measures as a result of the rupture of Samarco’s Fundão dam, including a claim brought by the Federal Public Prosecution Office in 2016 seeking R$155 billion (US$29 billion) (full amount of the claim, the effect for Vale would be 50% of this amount), which has been suspended from the date of ratification of the TacGov Agreement.

However, pre-requisites established in the TacGov Agreement, for renegotiation of the Framework Agreement were not implemented during the two-year period and on September 30, 2020, and Brazilian Federal and State prosecutors and public defenders filed a request for the immediate resumption of the R$155 billion (US$29 billion) claim.

Therefore, Vale, Samarco, BHPB and Federal and State prosecutors have been engaging in negotiations to seek a definitive settlement of the obligations under the Framework Agreement and the R$155 billion (US$29 billion) Federal Public Prosecution Office claim. The goal with a potential agreement is to provide a stable framework for the execution of reparation and compensation programs.

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The potential agreement is still uncertain as it is subject to conclusion of the negotiations and approval by the Company, relevant authorities and Intervenient parties.

The estimate of the economic impact of a potential agreement will depend mainly on (i) a detailed assessment of the estimates of the amounts to be spent on the reparation and compensation projects being discussed, (ii) an analysis of the detailed scope of such projects to determine their overlap with the initiatives and amounts already provisioned; and (iii) the timing of the execution of projects and disbursements, which will impact the present value of the obligations.

Therefore, until any revisions to the Programs are agreed, Fundação Renova will continue to implement the Programs in accordance with the terms of the Framework Agreement and the TacGov Agreement, for which the expected costs are reflected in the Company’s provision.

(f.ii) Criminal proceeding

In September 2019, the federal court of Ponte Nova dismissed all criminal charges against Vale representatives relating to the first group of charges, which concerns to the results of the Fundão dam failure, remaining only the legal entity in the passive pole. The second group of charges against Vale S.A. and one of the Company’s former employee, which concerns the accusation of alleged crimes committed against the Environmental Public Administration, remained unchanged. The Company is defending itself and cannot estimate when a final decision on the case will be issued.

g) Insurance

Since the Fundão dam rupture, the Company negotiated with insurers the indemnification payments based on its general liability policies. In the nine-month period ended September 30, 2021, the Company received R$181 (US$33 million), which was recorded as a gain in the income statement as “Equity results and other results in associates and joint ventures”. The Company did not receive any further insurance in 2022 and does not expect to receive any material amounts in the future.

  1. Provision for de-characterization of dam structures and asset retirement obligations

The Company is subject to laws and regulations that requires the decommissioning of the assets and mines sites at the end of the operation and, therefore, decommissioning expenditures are incurred predominantly when the Company ceases the operating activities. Depending on the geotechnical characteristics of the structures, the Company is required to de-characterize the structures, as described below.

a) De-characterization of upstream and centerline geotechnical structures

As a result of the Brumadinho dam rupture (note 21), the Company has decided to speed up the plan to “de-characterize” all of its tailings dams built under the upstream method, certain “centerline structures” and dikes, located in Brazil. The Company also operates tailings dams in Canada, including upstream compacted dams. However, the Company has decided that these dams will be decommissioned using other methods, and so, the provision to execute decommissioning of dams in Canada is recognized as “Asset retirement obligations and environmental obligations”, presented in item (b) below.

In September 2020, the federal government enacted Law no. 14,066, which modified the National Dam Safety Policy (Law no. 12,334/2020), reinforcing the prohibition of constructing and raising upstream dams in Brazil. The statute also requires companies to de-characterize the structures built using the upstream method by 2022, or by a later date if it is proven that the de-characterization is not technically feasible by 2022. A substantial part of the Company's de-characterization projects will be completed in 15 years, which exceeds the date established in the regulation due to the characteristics and safety levels of the Company's geotechnical structures.

Thus, in February 2022, the Company filed with the relevant bodies a request for an extension to perform the projects and, as a result, signed a Term of Commitment establishing legal and technical certainty for the process of de-characterization of the upstream dams, considering that the deadline defined was technically unfeasible, especially due to the necessary actions to increase safety during the works. With the signing of the agreement, the Company recorded an additional provision of R$192 (US$37 million) to make investments in social and environmental projects over a period of 8 years.

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Changes on the provisions in the period

Consolidated — 2022 2021
Balance at January 1, 19,666 11,897
Additional provision 375 -
Disbursements (1,271) (1,356)
Present value adjustment (98) (442)
Balance at September 30, 18,672 10,099
September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021
Current liabilities 2,550 2,518
Non-current liabilities 16,122 17,148
Liabilities 18,672 19,666

In addition, due to the de-characterization projects, the Company has suspended some operations due to judicial decisions or technical analysis performed by Vale on its upstream dam structures located in Brazil. The Company has been recording losses in relation to the operational stoppage and idle capacity of the ferrous mineral segment in the amounts of R$1,039 (US$202 million) for the nine-month period ended on September 30, 2022 (R$1,376 (US$256 million) for the nine-month period ended on September 30, 2021). The Company is working on legal and technical measures to resume all operations at full capacity.

b) Asset retirement obligations and environmental obligations

Consolidated
Liability Discount rate
September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 Cash flow duration
Liability by geographical area
Brazil 7,207 7,786 5.74% 5.48% 2119
Canada 7,909 15,221 1.39% 0.00% 2150
Oman 663 684 4.86% 3.03% 2035
Indonesia 376 432 4.49% 4.20% 2061
Other 1,000 1,432 0,02 - 2,55% 0.00 - 7.79% -
17,155 25,555

Changes on the provisions in the period

Consolidated
2022 2021
Asset retirement obligations Environmental obligations Total Asset retirement obligations Environmental obligations Total
Balance at January 1, 23,906 1,649 25,555 21,929 1,571 23,500
Present value adjustment (i) (5,851) (23) (5,874) (2,452) (41) (2,493)
Disbursements (375) (212) (587) (317) (166) (483)
Revisions on projected cash flows 200 5 205 - - -
Translation adjustment (1,886) (18) (1,904) 811 8 819
Transfer to assets held for sale (note 14) (231) (9) (240) - - -
Balance at September 30, 15,763 1,392 17,155 19,971 1,372 21,343
September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021
Asset retirement obligations Environmental obligations Total Asset retirement obligations Environmental obligations Total
Current 711 526 1,237 400 550 950
Non-current 15,052 866 15,918 23,506 1,099 24,605
Liability 15,763 1,392 17,155 23,906 1,649 25,555

(i) Mainly refers to the increase in the discount rate of the asset retirement obligation in Canada, which increased from 0.00% to 1.39% in the nine-month period ended September 30, 2022. The adjustment in provision was recorded as the property, plant and equipment (note 16).

c) Financial guarantees

The Company has issued letters of credit and surety bonds of R$3,063 (US$566 million) as of September 30, 2022 (R$3,373 (US$605 million) as of December 31, 2021), in connection with the asset retirement obligations for its Base Metals operations.

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  1. Provisions
Current liabilities Consolidated — Non-current liabilities
September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021
Provisions for litigation (note 25) 543 516 5,886 5,647
Employee post-retirement obligations (note 26) 565 553 6,811 8,556
Payroll, related charges and other remunerations 3,917 4,553 - -
Onerous contracts (note 14) - 208 - 4,879
5,025 5,830 12,697 19,082
  1. Litigations

The Company is defendant in numerous legal actions in the ordinary course of business, including civil, tax, environmental and labor proceedings.

The Company makes use of estimates to recognize the amounts and the probability of outflow of resources, based on reports and technical assessments and on management’s assessment. Provisions are recognized for probable losses of which a reliable estimate can be made.

Arbitral, legal and administrative decisions against the Company, new jurisprudence and changes of existing evidence can result in changes regarding the probability of outflow of resources and on the estimated amounts, according to the assessment of the legal basis.

a) Provision for legal proceedings

The Company has considered all information available to assess the likelihood of an outflow of resources and in the preparation on the estimate of the costs that may be required to settle the obligations.

Tax litigations - Mainly refers to the lawsuit filed in 2011 by Valepar (merged by Vale) seeking the right to exclude the amount of dividends received in the form of interest on capital (“JCP”) from the PIS and COFINS tax base. The amount reserved for this proceeding as of September 30, 2022 is R$2,345 (US$434 million) (2021: R$2,243 (US$402 million)). This proceeding is guaranteed by a judicial deposit in the amount of R$2,714 (US$502 as of September 30, 2022) (2021: R$2,586 (US$463 million)).

Civil litigations - Refers to lawsuits for: (i) indemnities for losses, payments and contractual fines due to contractual imbalance or non-compliance that are alleged by suppliers, and (ii) land claims referring to real estate Vale's operational activities.

Labor litigations - Refers to lawsuits for individual claims by in-house employees and service providers, primarily involving demands for additional compensation for overtime work, moral damages or health and safety conditions.

Environmental litigations - Refers mainly to proceedings for environmental damages and issues related to environmental licensing.

Consolidated — Tax litigation Civil litigation Labor litigation Environmental litigation Total of litigation provision
Balance at December 31, 2021 2,542 1,579 2,000 42 6,163
Additions and reversals, net (note 5) 16 198 251 29 494
Payments (5) (266) (221) (3) (495)
Indexation and interest 111 140 66 1 318
Transfer to held for sale (note 14) (4) (39) (8) - (51)
Balance at September 30, 2022 2,660 1,612 2,088 69 6,429
Current liabilities 81 121 330 11 543
Non-current liabilities 2,579 1,491 1,758 58 5,886
2,660 1,612 2,088 69 6,429

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Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated

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Consolidated — Tax litigation Civil litigation Labor litigation Environmental litigation Total of litigation provision
Balance at December 31, 2020 2,520 1,354 1,741 56 5,671
Additions and reversals, net (note 5) (5) 23 333 5 356
Payments (25) (112) (216) (21) (374)
Acquisition of NLC (note 14) - 11 38 - 49
Indexation and interest 30 115 147 1 293
Translation adjustment - 1 3 - 4
Balance at September 30, 2021 2,520 1,392 2,046 41 5,999
Current liabilities 38 84 311 1 434
Non-current liabilities 2,482 1,308 1,735 40 5,565
2,520 1,392 2,046 41 5,999

b) Contingent liabilities

Consolidated — September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021
Tax litigations 33,985 28,891
Civil litigations 6,465 8,384
Labor litigations 2,969 2,882
Environmental litigations 5,570 5,322
Total 48,989 45,479

In addition, as reported in the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company is a counterparty in several actions and the main updates on contingent liabilities since then, are discussed as follows:

(b.i) Tax proceedings - PIS/COFINS

The Company is a party to several collections related to the alleged improper use of PIS and COFINS credits (federal taxes levied on the companies' gross revenue). Brazilian tax legislation authorizes taxpayers to use PIS and COFINS tax credits, such as those referring to the acquisition of inputs for the production process and other items. The tax authorities mainly claim that (i) some credits were not related to the production process, and (ii) the right to use the tax credits was not adequately proven. During 2022 the Company received new proceedings in the amount of R$2.862 (US$529 million), for which the likelihood of loss is deemed possible.

(b.ii) Tax proceedings - Value added tax on services and circulation of goods (“ICMS”)

Vale is engaged in several administrative and court proceedings relating to additional charges of ICMS by the tax authorities of different Brazilian states. In each of these proceedings, the tax authorities claim that (i) use of undue tax credit; (ii) failing to comply with certain accessory obligations; (iii) the Company is required to pay the ICMS on acquisition of electricity (iv) operations related to the collection of tax rate differential (“DIFAL”) and (v) incidence of ICMS on its own transportation. During 2022, the Company received new proceedings in the amount of R$453 (US$84 million), for which the likelihood of loss is deemed possible.

c) Judicial deposits

Consolidated — September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021
Tax litigations 5,452 5,341
Civil litigations 742 559
Labor litigations 709 783
Environmental litigations 65 125
Total 6,968 6,808

d) Guarantees contracted for legal proceedings

In addition to the above-mentioned tax, civil, labor and environmental judicial deposits, the Company contracted R$11,792 (US$2,181 million) in guarantees for its lawsuits, as an alternative to judicial deposits.

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26. Employee post-retirement obligations

a) Long-term incentive programs

The Company has long-term reward mechanisms that include the Matching program and the Performance Shares Units (“PSU”) for eligible executives to retain and stimulate their performance.

On March 30, 2022, a new cycle of the Matching program started and the fair value was calculated on the Company's share price and their respective ADRs at the grant date, which was R$95.87 and US$20.03 per share. The Company will grant 1,437,588 shares for the new cycle (2021: 1,046,255 shares).

During the third quarter of 2022, a new cycle of the PSU program has started and the Company will grant 1,709,955 shares (2021: 1,474,723 shares). The fair value was calculated based on the performance factor using Monte Carlo simulations for the Return to Shareholders Indicator and health and safety and sustainability indicators. The assumptions used for the Monte Carlo simulations are shown in the table below, as well as the result used to calculate the expected value of the total performance factor.

PSU 2022
Granted shares 1,709,955
Date shares were granted 1/3/2022
VALE (BRL) 78.00
VALE ON (USD) 13.81
Expected volatility 39.00%p.y.
Expected term (in years) 3
Expected shareholder return indicator 51.20%
Expected performance factor 53.08%

The fair value of the program will be recognized on a straight-line basis over the required three-year period of service, net of estimated losses.

b) Reconciliation of assets and liabilities recognized in the balance sheet

Consolidated
September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021
Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Other benefits Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Other benefits
Balance at beginning of the period 5,135 - - 4,488 - -
Interest income 266 - - 313 - -
Changes on asset ceiling 1,305 - - 326 - -
Translation adjustment 32 - - 8 - -
Balance at end of the period 6,738 - - 5,135 - -
Amount recognized in the balance sheet
Present value of actuarial liabilities (26,717) (3,203) (5,886) (15,808) (22,228) (7,967)
Fair value of assets 33,455 1,713 - 20,943 21,086 -
Effect of the asset ceiling (6,738) - (5,135) - -
Liabilities - (1,490) (5,886) - (1,142) (7,967)
Current liabilities - (220) (345) - (266) (287)
Non-current liabilities - (1,270) (5,541) - (876) (7,680)
Liabilities - (1,490) (5,886) - (1,142) (7,967)

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Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated

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  1. Stockholders’ equity

a) Share capital

As of September 30, 2022, the share capital was R$77.300 (US$61,614 million) corresponding to 4.778.889.263 shares issued and fully paid without par value.

September 30, 2022 — Common shares Golden shares Total
Shareholders with more than 5% of total capital 1,317,200,871 - 1,317,200,871
Previ 408,743,556 - 408,743,556
Capital World Investors 319,508,101 - 319,508,101
Blackrock, Inc 302,602,159 - 302,602,159
Mitsui&co 286,347,055 - 286,347,055
Free floating 3,225,390,427 - 3,225,390,427
Golden shares - 12 12
Total outstanding (without shares in treasury) 4,542,591,298 12 4,542,591,310
Shares in treasury 236,297,953 - 236,297,953
Total capital 4,778,889,251 12 4,778,889,263

The information presented above is based on communications sent by stockholders pursuant to Instruction 358 issued by the Brazilian Securities Exchange Commission (“CVM”).

b) Cancellation of treasury shares

· On February 24, 2022, the Board of Directors approved the cancellation of 133,418,347 common shares issued by the Company and held in treasury, without reducing the value of its share capital. The effect of R$14,589 (US$2,830 million) was recorded in shareholders' equity as “Treasury shares used and cancelled”.

· On July 28, 2022, the Board of Directors approved the cancellation of 220,150,800 common shares issued by the Company and held in treasury, without reducing the value of its share capital. The effect of R$19,466 (US$3,786 million) was recorded in shareholders' equity as “Treasury shares used and cancelled”.

· On September 16, 2021, the Board of Directors approved the cancellation of 152,016,372 common shares of the Company acquired in previous buyback programs and held in treasury, without reducing its capital stock. The effect of R$6,347 (US$2,401 million) was recorded in shareholders' equity as “Treasury shares used and cancelled”.

c) Remuneration approved

· On February 24, 2022, the Board of Directors approved the remuneration to shareholders in the amount of R$17,849 (US$3,500 million), which was fully paid on March 16, 2022.

· On July 28, 2022, the Board of Directors approved the remuneration to shareholders in the amount of R$16,243 (US$3,000 million) which was fully paid on September 1, 2022.

· On February 25, 2021, based on the Company’s dividends policy, the Board of Directors approved the remuneration to shareholders in the amount of R$21,866 (US$3,972 million), which was fully paid on March 15, 2021.

· On June 17, 2021, the Board of Directors approved an additional remuneration to shareholders in the amount of R$11,046 (US$2,200 million), which was fully paid on June 30, 2021.

· On September 16, 2021, the Board of Directors approved the stockholder’s remuneration in the total amount of R$40,200 (US$7,391 million), which was fully paid on September 30, 2021.

d) Share buyback

· On May 16, 2022, the Company reached the approved limit for the buyback program of up to 470,000,000 shares. Of this amount, 178,815,500 common shares and their respective ADRs were repurchased in 2022, corresponding R$16,225 (US$3,251 million), of which R$8,758 (US$1,750 million) were acquired through wholly owned subsidiaries and R$7,467 (US$1,501 million) by the Parent Company.

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· On May 16, 2022, the Company started a new share buyback program to repurchase 500,000,000 common shares and their respective ADRs over the next 18 months. During the nine-month period ended September 30, 2022, the Company repurchased 119,114,479 common shares and their respective ADRs, corresponding to R$9,339 (US$1,819 million), of which R$4,957 (US$964 million) were acquired through wholly owned subsidiaries and R$4,382 (US$855 million) by the Parent Company.

· As of September 30, 2022, the Company hold 236,297,953 shares, being 125,456,849 through its wholly owned subsidiaries and 110,841,104 directly by the Parent Company, of which R$10,610 (US$2,127 million) through its wholly owned subsidiaries and R$9,991 (US$1,887 million) million by the Parent Company.

· During the nine-month period ended September 30, 2021, the Company repurchased 238,860,947 common shares at an average cost of US$20.28 per share (R$105.76 per share), being 99,842,600 through wholly owned subsidiaries and 139,018,347 directly by the parent company. The amount acquired was R$25,261 (US$4,845 million), being R$9,687 (US$1,837 million) through wholly owned subsidiaries and R$15,574 (US$3,008 million) by the Parent Company.

  1. Related parties

The Company’s related parties are subsidiaries, joint ventures, associates, stockholders and its related entities and key management personnel of the Company.

Related party transactions were made by the Company on terms equivalent to those that prevail in arm´s-length transactions, with respect to price and market conditions that are no less favorable to the Company than those arranged with third parties.

Net operating revenue relates to sale of iron ore to the steelmakers and right to use capacity on railroads. Cost and operating expenses mostly relates to the variable lease payments of the pelletizing plants.

Purchases, accounts receivable and other assets, and accounts payable and other liabilities relate largely to amounts charged by joint ventures and associates related to the pelletizing plants operational lease and railway transportation services.

a) Transactions with related parties

Consolidated
Three-month period ended September 30,
2022 2021
Net operating revenue Cost and operating expenses Financial results Net operating revenue Cost and operating expenses Financial results
Joint ventures 543 (1,433) (33) 927 (1,466) (5)
Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecém 482 - 7 927 - 17
Aliança Geração de Energia S.A. - (181) - - (153) -
Pelletizing companies (i) - (429) (39) - (672) (20)
MRS Logística S.A. 2 (616) - - (449) -
Norte Energia S.A. - (195) - - (176) -
Other 59 (12) (1) - (16) (2)
Associates 384 (45) (11) 359 (30) (3)
VLI 381 (43) (3) 358 (30) (3)
Other 3 (2) (8) 1 - -
Major stockholders 355 - 461 271 - (592)
Bradesco - - 459 - - (597)
Mitsui 355 - - 271 - -
Banco do Brasil - - 2 - - 5
Total of continuing operations 1,282 (1,478) 417 1,557 (1,496) (600)
Discontinued operation - Coal (note 14) - - - - - 1
Total 1,282 (1,478) 417 1,557 (1,496) (599)

(i) Aggregated entities: Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização, Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização, Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização and Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização.

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Consolidated
Nine-month period ended September 30,
2022 2021
Net operating revenue Cost and operating expenses Financial results Net operating revenue Cost and operating expenses Financial results
Joint ventures 1,934 (3,770) (148) 2,750 (3,221) (48)
Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecém 1,771 - (6) 2,750 - 9
Aliança Geração de Energia S.A. - (449) - - (425) -
Pelletizing companies (i) - (1,272) (141) - (1,148) (55)
MRS Logística S.A. 5 (1,508) - - (1,142) -
Norte Energia S.A. - (512) - - (467) -
Other 158 (29) (1) - (39) (2)
Associates 1,122 (108) (17) 1,042 (80) (10)
VLI 1,116 (106) (9) 1,038 (80) (10)
Other 6 (2) (8) 4 - -
Major stockholders 1,143 - 1,449 882 - (145)
Bradesco - - 1,444 - - (160)
Mitsui 1,143 - - 882 - -
Banco do Brasil - - 5 - - 15
Total of continuing operations 4,199 (3,878) 1,284 4,674 (3,301) (203)
Discontinued operation - Coal (note 14) - - - - (518) 82
Total 4,199 (3,878) 1,284 4,674 (3,819) (121)

(i) Aggregated entities: Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização, Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização, Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização and Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização.

b) Outstanding balances with related parties

Consolidated
Assets
September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021
Cash and cash equivalents Accounts receivable Dividends receivable, financial instruments and other assets Cash and cash equivalents Accounts receivable Dividends receivable, financial instruments and other assets
Joint ventures - 522 194 - 419 536
Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecém - 498 92 - 414 219
Pelletizing companies (i) - - - - - 208
MRS Logística S.A. - - 102 - - 105
Other - 24 - - 5 4
Associates - 115 95 - 102 17
VLI - 95 - - 87 -
Other - 20 95 - 15 17
Major stockholders 2,601 13 378 10,184 23 28
Bradesco 2,406 - 378 9,744 - 28
Mitsui - 13 - - 23 -
Banco do Brasil 195 - - 440 - -
Pension plan - 78 - - 64 -
Total 2,601 728 667 10,184 608 581

(i) Aggregated entities: Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização, Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização, Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização and Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização.

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Consolidated
Liabilities
September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021
Supplier and contractors Financial instruments and other liabilities Supplier and contractors Financial instruments and other liabilities
Joint ventures 1,837 734 388 2,192
Pelletizing companies (i) 1,444 734 73 2,192
MRS Logística S.A. 220 - 228 -
Other 173 - 87 -
Associates 43 475 57 262
VLI 31 475 32 262
Other 12 - 25 -
Major stockholders 7 627 9 1,479
Bradesco - 627 - 1,479
Mitsui 7 - 9 -
Pension plan 46 - 54 -
Total 1,933 1,836 508 3,933

(i) Aggregated entities: Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização, Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização, Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização and Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização.

  1. Parent Company information (individual interim information)

a) Income tax reconciliation

Parent Company
Nine-month period ended September 30,
2022 2021
Income before income taxes 92,669 114,258
Income taxes at statutory rate – 34% (31,507) (38,848)
Adjustments that affect the basis of taxes:
Tax incentives 7,418 13,005
Equity results 10,555 (467)
Others (2,770) 2,914
Income taxes (16,304) (23,396)

b) Accounts receivable

Parent Company — September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021
Receivables from customer contracts
Related parties 50,225 46,044
Third parties
Ferrous minerals 1,085 1,897
Base metals 7 9
Others 39 23
Accounts receivable 51,356 47,973
Expected credit loss (57) (61)
Accounts receivable, net 51,299 47,912

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c) Other financial assets and liabilities

Parent Company — Current Non-Current
September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021
Other financial assets
Restricted cash - - 24 358
Derivative financial instruments 336 410 656 46
Investments in equity securities - - 32 33
Related parties - Loans - - 48 43
336 410 760 480
Other financial liabilities
Derivative financial instruments 282 879 1,243 3,042
Related parties - Loans 21,885 4,574 55,356 81,551
Related parties - Other financial liabilities 2,720 2,235 - -
Financial guarantees - - 546 3,026
Liabilities related to the concession grant 3,749 4,241 8,520 8,017
Contract liability 24 25 - -
28,660 11,954 65,665 95,636

d) Investments

Parent Company — 2022 2021
Balance at January 1st, 143,640 181,319
Additions 939 598
Capitalizations - 2,194
Disposals (210) -
Sale of Midwestern System (note 14) (1,399) -
Translation adjustment (32,168) (3,477)
Equity results in income statement 28,662 (2,944)
Equity results and other results in associates and joint ventures 2,381 1,574
Equity results in statement of comprehensive income 1,054 2,500
Equity results in statement of noncontrolling - (1,600)
Dividends declared (10,165) (1,453)
Share buyback by subsidiaries (13,716) (9,687)
Impairment of investments (553) (338)
Mergers (i) (2,002) (3,546)
Share-based payment 17 2
Others (1,498) (1,067)
Balance at September 30, 114,982 164,075

(i) On April 29, 2022, the General Meeting approved the merger of New Steel into Vale S.A. The merger did not result in the issuance of new shares or changed Vale's share capital, and the respective net assets were incorporated. On April 30, 2021, the Company approved the merger of the spin-off net assets of Minerações Brasileiras Reunidas S.A. and the full merger of Companhia Paulista de Ferroligas and Valesul Alumínio S.A. The merger did not result in the issuance of new shares or changed Vale's share capital, and the respective net assets were incorporated.

e) Intangible

Parent Company — Concessions Software Research and development project and patents Total
Balance at December 31, 2021 29,149 291 - 29,440
Additions 2,294 99 - 2,393
Disposals (62) - - (62)
Amortization (896) (88) - (984)
Merger of New Steel - - 2,754 2,754
Balance at September 30, 2022 30,485 302 2,754 33,541
Cost 37,412 1,570 2,754 41,736
Accumulated amortization (6,927) (1,268) - (8,195)
Balance at September 30, 2022 30,485 302 2,754 33,541

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Parent Company — Concessions Software Research and development project and patents Total
Balance at December 31, 2020 28,015 228 - 28,243
Additions 555 79 - 634
Disposals (41) - - (41)
Amortization (868) (60) - (928)
Balance at September 30, 2021 27,661 247 - 27,908
Cost 33,602 2,703 - 36,305
Accumulated amortization (5,941) (2,456) - (8,397)
Balance at September 30, 2021 27,661 247 - 27,908

f) Property, plant and equipment

Parent Company — Building and land Facilities Equipment Mineral properties Railway equipment Right of use assets Others Constructions in progress Total
Balance at December 31, 2021 29,235 31,458 11,188 9,236 12,653 1,659 7,543 20,987 123,959
Additions (i) - - - - - 177 - 12,503 12,680
Disposals (83) (42) (8) - (38) (9) (7) (251) (438)
Assets retirement obligation - - - 23 - - - - 23
Depreciation, amortization and depletion (899) (1,276) (1,222) (493) (586) (281) (924) (5,681)
Merger of New Steel 11 2 11 - - - 7 17 48
Transfers 1,418 2,037 1,516 (27) 608 (3) 1,411 (6,960) -
Balance at September 30, 2022 29,682 32,179 11,485 8,739 12,637 1,543 8,030 26,296 130,591
Cost 42,891 47,202 24,144 13,314 20,471 2,689 18,039 26,296 195,046
Accumulated depreciation (13,209) (15,023) (12,659) (4,575) (7,834) (1,146) (10,009) - (64,455)
Balance at September 30, 2022 29,682 32,179 11,485 8,739 12,637 1,543 8,030 26,296 130,591
Parent Company
Building and land Facilities Equipment Mineral properties Railway equipment Right of use assets Others Constructions in progress Total
Balance at December 31, 2020 28,299 30,567 10,232 9,016 12,713 2,115 7,065 11,331 111,338
Additions (i) - - - - - 201 - 11,255 11,456
Disposals (1) (20) (33) - (29) (1,010) (2) (265) (1,360)
Assets retirement obligation - - - (683) - - - - (683)
Depreciation, amortization and depletion (1,030) (1,238) (1,157) (524) (599) (116) (814) - (5,478)
Merger of MBR 434 293 277 641 25 - 104 1,226 3,000
Transfers 981 1,393 1,943 474 408 - 1,033 (6,232) -
Balance at September 30, 2021 28,683 30,995 11,262 8,924 12,518 1,190 7,386 17,315 118,273
Cost 40,649 44,309 22,545 12,834 19,583 1,964 16,773 17,315 175,972
Accumulated depreciation (11,966) (13,314) (11,283) (3,910) (7,065) (774) (9,387) - (57,699)
Balance at Setembro 30, 2021 28,683 30,995 11,262 8,924 12,518 1,190 7,386 17,315 118,273

(i) Includes capitalized borrowing costs.

g) Loans and borrowings

Parent Company
Current liabilities Non-current liabilities
Average interest rate September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021
Quoted in the secondary market:
Bonds 6.00% - - 2,656 2,904
R$, Debentures 9.96% 243 1,037 1,027 1,122
Debt contracts in Brazil in:
R$, indexed to TJLP, TR, IPCA, IGP-M and CDI 10.83% 237 532 1,265 1,444
R$, with fixed interest 3.04% 10 63 - 8
Basket of currencies and bonds in US$ indexed to LIBOR - - 62 - -
Debt contracts in the international market in:
US$, with variable interest 4.20% - 698 9,303 9,600
Other, with variable interest 4.09% - 432 49 57
Accrued charges 107 191 - -
Total 597 3,015 14,300 15,135

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The future flows of debt payments (principal) are as follows:

Parent Company
Debt principal
2022 126
2023 489
2024 3,215
2025 732
Between 2026 and 2030 5,198
2031 onwards 5,030
14,790

h) Transactions with related parties

Parent Company
Three-month period ended September 30,
2022 2021
Net operating revenue Cost and operating expenses Financial results Net operating revenue Cost and operating expenses Financial results
Subsidiaries 34,249 (180) 104 64,714 (422) 619
Vale International 34,194 - 160 64,672 - 633
Others 55 (180) (56) 42 (422) (14)
Joint ventures 546 (1,435) (6) 918 (1,465) 6
Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecém 482 - 7 918 - 17
Aliança Geração de Energia S.A. - (181) - - (153) -
Pelletizing companies (i) - (430) (13) - (672) (9)
MRS Logística S.A. 5 (616) - - (449) -
Norte Energia S.A. - (195) - - (176) -
Others 59 (13) - - (15) (2)
Associates 382 (43) (12) 359 (30) (3)
VLI 381 (43) (3) 358 (30) (3)
Others 1 - (9) 1 - -
Major stockholders - - 442 - - (613)
Bradesco - - 441 - - (613)
Banco do Brasil - - 1 - - -
Total 35,177 (1,658) 528 65,991 (1,917) 9

(i) Aggregated entities: Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização, Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização, Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização and Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização.

Parent Company
Nine-month period ended September 30,
2022 2021
Net operating revenue Cost and operating expenses Financial results Net operating revenue Cost and operating expenses Financial results
Subsidiaries 94,573 (614) (3,357) 156,608 (2,212) (1,183)
Vale International 94,405 - (3,291) 156,473 - (1,147)
Others 168 (614) (66) 135 (2,212) (36)
Joint ventures 1,922 (3,770) (40) 2,733 (3,221) (22)
Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecém 1,759 - (6) 2,733 - 9
Aliança Geração de Energia S.A. - (449) - - (425) -
Pelletizing companies (i) - (1,272) (33) - (1,148) (29)
MRS Logística S.A. 5 (1,508) - - (1,142) -
Norte Energia S.A. - (512) - - (467) -
Others 158 (29) (1) - (39) (2)
Associates 1,119 (106) (17) 1,041 (80) (10)
VLI 1,116 (106) (9) 1,038 (80) (10)
Others 3 - (8) 3 - -
Major stockholders - - 1,392 - - (209)
Bradesco - - 1,389 - - (213)
Banco do Brasil - - 3 - - 4
Total 97,614 (4,490) (2,022) 160,382 (5,513) (1,424)

(i) Aggregated entities: Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização, Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização, Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização and Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização.

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Notes to the Interim Financial Statements

Expressed in millions of Brazilian reais, unless otherwise stated

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i) Outstanding balances with related parties

Parent Company
Assets
September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021
Cash and cash equivalents Accounts receivable Dividends receivable, financial instruments and other assets Cash and cash equivalents Accounts receivable Dividends receivable, financial instruments and other assets
Subsidiaries - 49,513 3,028 - 45,475 1,036
Vale International S.A. - 49,474 - - 45,430 -
Minerações Brasileiras Reunidas S.A. - - 8 - - 213
Salobo Metais - - 2,842 - 34 711
Other - 39 178 - 11 112
Joint ventures - 522 110 - 403 449
Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecém - 498 92 - 401 219
Pelletizing companies (i) - - - - - 208
MRS Logística S.A. - - 18 - - 18
Other - 24 - - 2 4
Associates - 112 95 - 102 17
VLI - 95 - - 87 -
Other - 17 95 - 15 17
Major stockholders 292 - 378 8,355 - 28
Bradesco 281 - 378 7,970 - 28
Banco do Brasil 11 - - 385 - -
Pension Plan - 78 - - 64 -
Total 292 50,225 3,611 8,355 46,044 1,530

(i) Aggregated entities: Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização, Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização, Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização and Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização.

Parent Company
Liabilities
September 30, 2022 December 31, 2021
Supplier and contractors Loans Financial instruments and other liabilities Supplier and contractors Loans Financial instruments and other liabilities
Subsidiaries 114 77,241 8,031 135 86,125 7,704
Vale International S.A. - 77,241 5,209 - 86,125 5,367
Others 114 - 2,822 135 - 2,337
Joint ventures 1,837 - - 387 - -
Pelletizing companies (i) 1,444 - - 73 - -
MRS Logística S.A. 220 - - 228 - -
Others 173 - - 86 - -
Associates 34 - 475 42 - 262
VLI 31 - 475 32 - 262
Others 3 - - 10 - -
Major stockholders 7 - 627 - - 1,479
Bradesco - - 627 - - 1,479
Mitsui 7 - - - - -
Pension plan 46 - - 54 - -
Total 2,038 77,241 9,133 618 86,125 9,445

(i) Aggregated entities: Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização, Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização, Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização and Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização.

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Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

Date: October 27, 2022