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Vale S.A. Interim / Quarterly Report 2016

Jul 28, 2016

30050_ffr_2016-07-28_f213fbce-3c64-4c8d-ac0a-f9ef0e40be10.zip

Interim / Quarterly Report

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Table of Contents

*United States Securities and Exchange Commission*

*Washington, D.C. 20549*

*FORM 6-K*

*Report of Foreign Private Issuer Pursuant to Rule 13a-16 or 15d-16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934*

*For the month of*

*June, 2016*

*Vale S.A.*

*Avenida das Américas, No. 700 22640-100 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil*

(Address of principal executive office)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F.

(Check One) Form 20-F x Form 40-F o

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(1)

(Check One) Yes o No x

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(7)

(Check One) Yes o No x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant by furnishing the information contained in this Form is also thereby furnishing information to the Commission pursuant to Rule 12g3-2(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

(Check One) Yes o No x

If “Yes” is marked, indicate below the file number assigned to the registrant in connection with Rule 12g3-2(b). 82- .

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Table of Contents

*Interim Financial Statements*

*June 30, 2016*

BRGAAP in R$ (English)

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*Vale S.A. Interim Financial Statements*

*Cont ents*

Independent auditor’s report on the financial statements Page — 3
Condensed Consolidated and Parent Company Income Statement 5
Condensed Consolidated and Parent Company Statement of Comprehensive Income 6
Condensed Consolidated and Parent Company Cash Flow Statement 7
Condensed Consolidated and Parent Company Balance Sheet 9
Condensed Statement of Changes in Equity 10
Condensed Consolidated and Parent Company Value Added Statement 11
Selected Notes to the Interim Financial Statements 12
1. Corporate information 12
2. Basis for preparation of the interim financial statements 12
3. Information by business segment 13
4. Relevant Event 18
5. Assets held for sale 20
6. Acquisitions and divestitures 20
7. Cash and cash equivalents 21
8. Accounts receivable 21
9. Inventories 21
10. Investments in associates and joint ventures 22
11. Intangibles 23
12. Property, plant and equipment 24
13. Loans and borrowings 25
14. Litigation 27
15. Income taxes 29
16. Employee postretirement obligations 30
17. Financial instruments classification 30
18. Fair value estimate 31
19. Derivative financial instruments 31
20. Stockholders’ equity 41
21. Costs and expenses by nature 42
22. Financial results 43
23. Commitments 43
24. Related parties 44
25. Parent Company information (individual interim information) 46
Members of the Board of Directors, Fiscal Council, Advisory Committees and Executive Officers 50

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KPMG Auditores Independentes Av. Almirante Barroso, 52 - 4º 20031-000 - Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brasil Caixa Postal 2888 20001-970 - Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brasil Central Tel Fax Internet 55 (21) 3515-9400 55 (21) 3515-9000 www.kpmg.com.br

*Report on the review of quarterly information - ITR*

(A free translation of the original report in Portuguese, as filed with the Brazilian Securities and Exchange Commission (CVM), prepared in accordance with the accounting practices adopted in Brazil, rules of the CVM and of the International Financial Reporting Standards - IFRS)

To

The Board of Directors and Stockholders of

Vale S.A.

Rio de Janeiro - RJ

*Introduction*

*1.* We have reviewed the interim accounting information of Vale S.A. (“the Company”), included in the quarterly information form - ITR for the quarter ended June 30, 2016, which comprises the individual and consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2016 and the respective individual and consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income for the three and six months periods ended on June 30, 2016, the individual and consolidated statements of changes in stockholders’ equity for the six-month period then ended and the individual statement of cash flows for the six-month period and the consolidated statement of cash flows for the three and six months periods then ended, including the explanatory notes.

*2. The Company`s Management is responsible for the preparation of these interim accounting information in accordance with the Accounting Pronouncement CPC 21(R1) — “ Demonstração Intermediária ” and the international accounting rule IAS 34 - Interim Financial Reporting, issued by the International Accounting Standards Board* — IASB, as well as the presentation of these information in accordance with the standards issued by the Brazilian Securities and Exchange Commission (CVM), applicable to the preparation of quarterly information - ITR. Our responsibility is to express our conclusion on this interim accounting information based on our review.

*Scope of the review*

*3. We conducted our review in accordance with Brazilian and International Interim Information Review Standards ( NBC TR 2410 - Revisão de Informações Intermediárias Executada pelo Auditor da Entidade* and ISRE 2410 - Review of Interim Financial Information Performed by the Independent Auditor of the Entity). A review of interim information consists of making inquiries primarily of the management responsible for financial and accounting matters and applying analytical procedures and other review procedures. The scope of a review is significantly less than an audit conducted in accordance with auditing standards and, accordingly, it did not enable us to obtain assurance that we were aware of all the material matters that would have been identified in an audit. Therefore, we do not express an audit opinion.

KPMG Auditores Independentes, uma sociedade simples brasileira e firma-membro da rede KPMG de firmas-membro independentes e afiliadas à KPMG International Cooperative (“KPMG International”), uma entidade suíça. KPMG Auditores Independentes, a Brazilian entity and a member firm of the KPMG network of independent member firms affiliated with KPMG International Cooperative (“KPMG International”), a Swiss entity.

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*Conclusion on the interim accounting information*

*4.* Based on our review, we are not aware of any fact that might lead us to believe that the individual and consolidated interim accounting information included in the aforementioned quarterly information was not prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with CPC 21(R1) and IAS 34, applicable to the preparation of the quarterly review - ITR, and presented in accordance with the standards issued by the Brazilian Securities and Exchange Commission.

*Other matters*

**Statements of added value****

*5.* We have also reviewed the individual and consolidated statements of added value for the six-month period ended June 30, 2016, prepared under the responsibility of the Company`s Management, for which presentation is required in the interim information in accordance with the standards issued by the CVM applicable to the preparation of quarterly information - ITR, and considered as supplementary information by IFRS, which does not require the presentation of the statements of added value. These statements were submitted to the same review procedures described previously and, based on our review, we are not aware of any fact that might lead us to believe that they were not prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with the individual and consolidated interim accounting information, taken as a whole.

Rio de Janeiro, July 26, 2016

KPMG Auditores Independentes

CRC SP-014428/O-6 F-RJ

(Original report in Portuguese signed by)

Manuel Fernandes Rodrigues de Sousa

Accountant CRC RJ-052428/O-2

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*Condensed Income Statement*

*In millions of Brazilian Reais, except as otherwise stated*

Consolidated
Three-months period ended June 30 Six-months period ended June 30
Notes 2016 2015 2016 2015
Net operating revenue 3(c) 23,203 21,441 45,270 39,468
Cost of goods sold and services rendered 21(a) (16,791 ) (15,968 ) (33,258 ) (30,956 )
Gross profit 6,412 5,473 12,012 8,512
Operating (expenses) income
Selling and administrative expenses 21(b) (493 ) (488 ) (958 ) (1,043 )
Research and evaluation expenses (276 ) (365 ) (508 ) (710 )
Pre operating and operational stoppage (402 ) (797 ) (802 ) (1,555 )
Other operating income (expenses), net 21(c) (566 ) (622 ) (700 ) (442 )
(1,737 ) (2,272 ) (2,968 ) (3,750 )
Results on measurement or sale of non-current assets 5 and 6 (228 ) (172 ) (228 ) 374
Operating income 4,447 3,029 8,816 5,136
Financial income 22 13,417 4,486 25,170 11,437
Financial expenses 22 (6,344 ) (2,862 ) (13,324 ) (23,491 )
Equity results in associates and joint ventures 10 658 668 1,247 (157 )
Others results in associates and joint ventures 4 and 6 (3,999 ) 241 (3,999 ) 296
Net income (loss) before income taxes 8,179 5,562 17,910 (6,779 )
Income taxes 15
Current tax (1,415 ) (208 ) (2,707 ) (409 )
Deferred tax (3,125 ) (353 ) (5,236 ) 2,497
(4,540 ) (561 ) (7,943 ) 2,088
Net income (loss) 3,639 5,001 9,967 (4,691 )
Income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests 54 (143 ) 71 (296 )
Net income (loss) attributable to Vale’s stockholders 3,585 5,144 9,896 (4,395 )
Earnings per share attributable to Vale’s stockholders:
Basic and diluted earnings per share: 20(b)
Preferred share (R$) 0.70 1.00 1.92 (0.85 )
Common share (R$) 0.70 1.00 1.92 (0.85 )
Parent company
Three-months period ended June 30 Six-months period ended June 30
2016 2015 2016 2015
Net operating revenue 12,210 9,367 20,374 19,602
Cost of goods sold and services rendered (7,085 ) (6,767 ) (14,047 ) (13,191 )
Gross profit 5,125 2,600 6,327 6,411
Operating (expenses) income
Selling and administrative expenses (249 ) (286 ) (489 ) (579 )
Research and evaluation expenses (136 ) (185 ) (255 ) (352 )
Pre operating and operational stoppage (175 ) (111 ) (339 ) (224 )
Equity results from subsidiaries 506 2,174 3,405 (1,600 )
Other operating income (expenses), net (91 ) (389 ) (518 ) (349 )
(145 ) 1,203 1,804 (3,104 )
Results on measurement or sale of non-current assets — — — 546
Operating income 4,980 3,803 8,131 3,853
Financial income 12,348 3,539 23,710 10,462
Financial expenses (5,938 ) (2,310 ) (12,658 ) (21,340 )
Equity results in associates and joint ventures 658 668 1,247 (157 )
Others results in associates and joint ventures (3,999 ) — (3,999 ) 55
Net income (loss) before income taxes 8,049 5,700 16,431 (7,127 )
Income taxes
Current tax (1,281 ) — (2,298 ) —
Deferred tax (3,183 ) (556 ) (4,237 ) 2,732
(4,464 ) (556 ) (6,535 ) 2,732
Net income (loss) 3,585 5,144 9,896 (4,395 )

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim financial statements.

See independent auditor’s report on the financial statements.

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*Condensed Statement of Comprehensive Income*

*In millions of Brazilian Reais*

Consolidated
Three-months period ended June 30 Six-months period ended June 30
2016 2015 2016 2015
Net income (loss) 3,639 5,001 9,967 (4,691 )
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to the income statement
Retirement benefit obligations
Gross balance for the period (641 ) 295 (972 ) (23 )
Effect of taxes 193 (83 ) 297 74
(448 ) 212 (675 ) 51
Total items that will not be reclassified subsequently to the income statement (448 ) 212 (675 ) 51
Items that may be reclassified subsequently to the income statement
Cumulative translation adjustments
Gross balance for the period (7,793 ) (2,825 ) (14,222 ) 12,113
Effect of taxes 27 — (522 ) —
Transfer of realized results to net income, net of taxes (266 ) — (266 ) —
(8,032 ) (2,825 ) (15,010 ) 12,113
Cash flow hedge
Gross balance for the period 2 834 23 1,558
Effect of taxes — (10 ) (3 ) (10 )
Equity results in associates and joint ventures 16 (1 ) 16 (8 )
Transfer of realized results to net income, net of taxes — (271 ) (10 ) (688 )
18 552 26 852
Total of items that may be reclassified subsequently to the income statement (8,014 ) (2,273 ) (14,984 ) 12,965
Total comprehensive income (loss) (4,823 ) 2,940 (5,692 ) 8,325
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests (434 ) (258 ) (901 ) 218
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Vale’s stockholders (4,389 ) 3,198 (4,791 ) 8,107
Parent company
Three-months period ended June 30 Six-months period ended June 30
2016 2015 2016 2015
Net income (loss) 3,585 5,144 9,896 (4,395 )
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to the income statement
Retirement benefit obligations
Gross balance for the period (19 ) (40 ) (40 ) (50 )
Effect of taxes 6 14 13 17
Equity results in associates and joint ventures (435 ) 238 (648 ) 84
(448 ) 212 (675 ) 51
Total items that will not be reclassified subsequently to the income statement (448 ) 212 (675 ) 51
Items that may be reclassified subsequently to the income statement
Cumulative translation adjustments
Gross balance for the period (7,278 ) (2,710 ) (13,772 ) 11,599
Transfer of realized results to net income, net of taxes (266 ) — (266 ) —
(7,544 ) (2,710 ) (14,038 ) 11,599
Cash flow hedge
Equity results in associates and joint ventures 18 552 26 852
18 552 26 852
Total of items that may be reclassified subsequently to the income statement (7,526 ) (2,158 ) (14,012 ) 12,451
Total comprehensive income (loss) (4,389 ) 3,198 (4,791 ) 8,107

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim financial statements.

See independent auditor’s report on the financial statements.

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*Condensed Cash Flow Statement*

*In millions of Brazilian Reais*

Consolidated
Three-months period ended June 30 Six-months period ended June 30
2016 2015 2016 2015
Cash flow from operating activities:
Net income (loss) before income taxes 8,179 5,562 17,910 (6,779 )
Adjustments for:
Equity results from associates and joint ventures (658 ) (668 ) (1,247 ) 157
Results on measurement or sale of non-current assets 228 172 228 (374 )
Others results in associates and joint ventures 3,999 (241 ) 3,999 (296 )
Results on disposal of property, plant and equipment and intangibles 105 (48 ) 144 (731 )
Depreciation, amortization and depletion 3,253 3,039 6,567 6,039
Financial results, net (7,073 ) (1,624 ) (11,846 ) 12,054
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable 372 (1,553 ) (3,524 ) 688
Inventories 269 (272 ) (131 ) 481
Suppliers and contractors 1,249 772 (181 ) (378 )
Payroll and related charges 153 (46 ) 142 (1,627 )
Other taxes assets and liabilities, net (14 ) (677 ) (197 ) (602 )
Deferred revenue - Gold stream — — — 1,670
Other assets and liabilities, net 557 360 1,496 421
Cash provided from operations 10,619 4,776 13,360 10,723
Interest on loans and borrowings paid (1,276 ) (994 ) (3,137 ) (2,315 )
Derivatives received (paid), net (note 19) (1,236 ) (303 ) (3,212 ) (2,088 )
Interest on participative stockholders’ debentures paid (117 ) — (117 ) (124 )
Income taxes (244 ) (144 ) (875 ) (903 )
Income taxes - Settlement program (351 ) (317 ) (694 ) (625 )
Net cash provided by operating activities 7,395 3,018 5,325 4,668
Cash flow from investing activities:
Financial investments redeemed (invested) (384 ) 335 (6 ) 737
Loans and advances granted (2 ) (27 ) (15 ) (33 )
Guarantees and deposits granted (46 ) (67 ) (184 ) (137 )
Additions to investments (476 ) (88 ) (838 ) (118 )
Acquisition of subsidiary, net of cash acquired — — 17 (237 )
Additions to property, plant and equipment and intangible (note 3(b)) (4,324 ) (6,514 ) (9,678 ) (12,773 )
Dividends and interest on capital received from associates and joint ventures 413 577 415 651
Proceeds from disposal of assets and investments 40 1,410 87 1,749
Proceeds from gold stream transaction — — — 1,156
Net cash used in investing activities (4,779 ) (4,374 ) (10,202 ) (9,005 )
Cash flow from financing activities:
Loans and borrowings (i)
Additions 5,005 4,748 17,955 8,424
Repayments (6,215 ) (1,824 ) (10,950 ) (2,643 )
Transactions with stockholders:
Dividends and interest on capital paid to Vale’s stockholders — (3,101 ) — (3,101 )
Dividends and interest on capital paid to noncontrolling interest (252 ) (28 ) (269 ) (35 )
Transactions with noncontrolling stockholders — (125 ) (69 ) (125 )
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities (1,462 ) (330 ) 6,667 2,520
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 1,154 (1,686 ) 1,790 (1,817 )
Cash and cash equivalents in the beginning of the period 13,461 11,818 14,022 10,555
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents (1,238 ) (333 ) (2,435 ) 1,061
Cash and cash equivalents at end of the period 13,377 9,799 13,377 9,799
Non-cash transactions:
Additions to property, plant and equipment - capitalized loans and borrowing costs 769 544 1,439 1,100

(i) Includes transactions with related parties: Bradesco, Banco do Brasil and Banco Nacional do Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social - BNDES.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim financial statements.

See independent auditor’s report on the financial statements.

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*Condensed Cash Flow Statement*

*In millions of Brazilian Reais*

Parent company
Six-months period ended June 30
2016 2015
Cash flow from operating activities:
Net income (loss) before income taxes 16,431 (7,127 )
Adjustments for:
Equity results from entities (4,652 ) 1,757
Results on measurement or sale of non-current assets — (546 )
Others results in associates and joint ventures 3,999 (55 )
Results on disposal of property, plant and equipment and intangibles 96 135
Depreciation, amortization and depletion 2,398 2,122
Financial results, net (11,052 ) 10,878
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable 2,896 5,365
Inventories 19 43
Suppliers and contractors 925 606
Payroll and related charges 106 (1,131 )
Other taxes assets and liabilities, net 8 (414 )
Other assets and liabilities, net 338 159
Cash provided from operations 11,512 11,792
Dividends and interest on capital received from subsidiaries 59 670
Interest on loans with related parties received (paid), net (1,176 ) (1,253 )
Interest on loans and borrowings paid (1,671 ) (1,034 )
Derivatives received (paid), net (note 19) (672 ) (601 )
Interest on participative stockholders’ debentures paid (117 ) (124 )
Income taxes (81 ) —
Income taxes - Settlement program (681 ) (612 )
Net cash provided by operating activities 7,173 8,838
Cash flow from investing activities:
Financial investments redeemed 6 374
Loans and advances received 85 127
Guarantees and deposits granted (188 ) (122 )
Additions to investments (1,282 ) (994 )
Additions to property, plant and equipment and intangible (6,276 ) (8,045 )
Dividends and interest on capital received from associates and joint ventures 403 649
Proceeds from disposal of assets and investments 13 316
Net cash used in investing activities (7,239 ) (7,695 )
Cash flow from financing activities:
Loans and borrowings (i)
Additions 6,315 7,496
Repayments (6,750 ) (2,331 )
Transactions with related parties 447 (2,318 )
Transactions with stockholders:
Dividends and interest on capital paid to noncontrolling interest — (3,101 )
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 12 (254 )
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents (54 ) 889
Cash and cash equivalents in the beginning of the period 518 685
Cash and cash equivalents at end of the period 464 1,574
Non-cash transactions:
Additions to property, plant and equipment - capitalized loans and borrowing costs 827 551

(i) Includes transactions with related parties: Bradesco, Banco do Brasil and Banco Nacional do Desenvolvimento economico e Social - BNDES.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim financial statements.

See independent auditor’s report on the financial statements.

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*Condensed Balance Sheet*

*In millions of Brazilian Reais*

Consolidated — Notes June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Parent company — June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015
Assets
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents 7 13,377 14,022 464 518
Financial investments 443 109 12 18
Derivative financial instruments 19 437 474 293 196
Accounts receivable 8 7,871 5,763 26,256 36,026
Inventories 9 12,409 13,775 3,991 3,830
Recoverable income taxes 958 3,513 609 3,176
Recoverable taxes 5,718 5,482 3,680 3,352
Related parties 24 218 273 1,508 834
Others 2,271 1,215 524 581
43,702 44,626 37,337 48,531
Assets held for sale 5 14,952 15,792 — —
58,654 60,418 37,337 48,531
Non-current assets
Derivative financial instruments 19 1,596 363 1,477 293
Loans 576 732 107 106
Recoverable income taxes 1,648 1,840 — —
Recoverable taxes 1,987 1,956 1,519 1,457
Deferred income taxes 15(a) 23,396 30,867 13,068 17,292
Judicial deposits 14(c) 3,499 3,445 2,743 2,707
Related parties 24 10 5 841 1,468
Others 2,154 2,392 574 765
34,866 41,600 20,329 24,088
Investments 10 12,721 11,481 117,351 127,517
Intangibles 11 22,190 20,789 11,016 8,557
Property, plant and equipment 12 195,665 211,259 98,650 96,887
265,442 285,129 247,346 257,049
Total assets 324,096 345,547 284,683 305,580
Liabilities
Current liabilities
Suppliers and contractors 12,489 13,140 7,478 7,084
Payroll and related charges 1,583 1,464 970 806
Derivative financial instruments 19 3,242 8,107 2,121 3,559
Loans and borrowings 13 10,120 9,788 4,930 4,736
Related parties 24 1,927 1,856 9,955 6,774
Income taxes - Settlement program 15(c) 1,419 1,348 1,390 1,320
Taxes payable 842 977 372 460
Provision for income taxes 385 943 — —
Employee postretirement obligations 16 248 266 79 72
Asset retirement obligations 261 346 75 83
Liabilities related to associates and joint ventures 928 — 928 —
Others 3,363 2,531 540 825
36,807 40,766 28,838 25,719
Liabilities associated with assets held for sale 5 258 416 — —
37,065 41,182 28,838 25,719
Non-current liabilities
Derivative financial instruments 19 3,857 5,581 3,334 4,745
Loans and borrowings 13 91,996 102,878 47,702 55,986
Related parties 24 462 830 50,328 63,837
Employee postretirement obligations 16 6,900 6,831 476 483
Provisions for litigation 14(a) 2,967 3,210 1,933 2,190
Income taxes - Settlement program 15(c) 16,089 15,953 15,759 15,626
Deferred income taxes 15(a) 5,581 6,520 — —
Asset retirement obligations 8,855 9,313 1,578 1,291
Participative stockholders’ debentures 1,982 1,336 1,982 1,336
Deferred revenue - Gold stream 5,348 6,830 — —
Liabilities related to associates and joint ventures 2,805 — 2,805 —
Others 7,038 5,664 3,575 3,207
153,880 164,946 129,472 148,701
Total liabilities 190,945 206,128 158,310 174,420
Stockholders’ equity
Equity attributable to Vale’s stockholders 20 126,373 131,160 126,373 131,160
Equity attributable to noncontrolling interests 6,778 8,259 — —
Total stockholders’ equity 133,151 139,419 126,373 131,160
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity 324,096 345,547 284,683 305,580

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim financial statements.

See independent auditor’s report on the financial statements.

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*Condensed Statement of Changes in Equity*

*In millions of Brazilian Reais*

Share capital Results on conversion of shares Results from operation with noncontrolling interest Profit reserves Treasury stocks Unrealized fair value gain (losses) Cumulative translation adjustments Retained earnings Equity attributable to Vale’s stockholders Equity attributable to noncontrolling interests Total stockholder’s equity
Balance at December 31, 2015 77,300 50 (1,881 ) 3,846 (2,746 ) (3,873 ) 58,464 — 131,160 8,259 139,419
Net income — — — — — — — 9,896 9,896 71 9,967
Other comprehensive income:
Retirement benefit obligations — — — — — (675 ) — — (675 ) — (675 )
Cash flow hedge — — — — — 26 — — 26 — 26
Translation adjustments — — — — — 453 (14,491 ) — (14,038 ) (972 ) (15,010 )
Transactions with stockholders:
Dividends of noncontrolling interest — — — — — — — — — (641 ) (641 )
Acquisitions and disposal of participation of noncontrolling interest — — 4 — — — — — 4 — 4
Capitalization of noncontrolling interest advances — — — — — — — — — 61 61
Balance at June 30, 2016 77,300 50 (1,877 ) 3,846 (2,746 ) (4,069 ) 43,973 9,896 126,373 6,778 133,151
Share capital Results on conversion of shares Results from operation with noncontrolling interest Profit reserves Treasury stocks Unrealized fair value gain (losses) Cumulative translation adjustments Retained earnings (loss) Equity attributable to Vale’s stockholders Equity attributable to noncontrolling interests Total stockholder’s equity
Balance at December 31, 2014 77,300 50 (970 ) 53,085 (2,746 ) (4,553 ) 24,248 — 146,414 3,187 149,601
Loss — — — — — — — (4,395 ) (4,395 ) (296 ) (4,691 )
Other comprehensive income:
Retirement benefit obligations — — — — — 51 — — 51 — 51
Cash flow hedge — — — — — 852 — — 852 — 852
Translation adjustments — — — — — (434 ) 12,033 — 11,599 514 12,113
Transactions with stockholders:
Dividends of noncontrolling interest — — — — — — — — — (15 ) (15 )
Acquisitions and disposal of participation of noncontrolling interest — — (13 ) — — — — — (13 ) (114 ) (127 )
Capitalization of noncontrolling interest advances — — — — — — — — — 46 46
Dividends and interest on capital of Vale’s stockholders — — — (3,101 ) — — — — (3,101 ) — (3,101 )
Balance at June 30, 2015 77,300 50 (983 ) 49,984 (2,746 ) (4,084 ) 36,281 (4,395 ) 151,407 3,322 154,729

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim financial statements.

See independent auditor’s report on the financial statements.

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*Condensed Value Added Statement*

*In millions of Brazilian Reais*

Consolidated Parent company
Six-months period ended June 30
2016 2015 2016 2015
Generation of value added from continuing operations
Gross revenue
Revenue from products and services 45,907 40,172 20,715 20,096
Results on measurement or sale of non-current assets (494 ) 670 (266 ) 601
Revenue from the construction of own assets 6,835 9,802 5,275 6,721
Allowance for doubtful accounts (8 ) 4 — (4 )
Other revenues 289 1,817 125 302
Less:
Acquisition of products (837 ) (1,467 ) (347 ) (375 )
Material, service and maintenance (16,725 ) (17,661 ) (9,650 ) (10,889 )
Oil and gas (2,301 ) (1,994 ) (1,337 ) (1,256 )
Energy (1,309 ) (952 ) (489 ) (483 )
Freight (4,052 ) (4,906 ) (24 ) —
Other results in investments (3,733 ) — (3,733 ) —
Other costs and expenses (2,830 ) (4,480 ) (478 ) (1,032 )
Gross value added 20,742 21,005 9,791 13,681
Depreciation, amortization and depletion (6,567 ) (6,039 ) (2,398 ) (2,122 )
Net value added 14,175 14,966 7,393 11,559
Received from third parties
Equity results from entities 1,247 (157 ) 4,652 (1,757 )
Financial income 354 1,199 169 642
Monetary and exchange variation of assets (6,826 ) 5,550 (7,181 ) 5,525
Total value added to be distributed 8,950 21,558 5,033 15,969
Personnel 4,098 4,499 1,377 2,081
Taxes and contributions 3,936 4,149 3,232 3,375
Current income tax 2,707 409 2,298 —
Deferred income tax 5,236 (2,497 ) 4,237 (2,732 )
Financial expense (excludes capitalized interest) 1,155 5,868 2,004 4,162
Monetary and exchange variation of liabilities (18,936 ) 13,186 (19,547 ) 12,577
Other remunerations of third party funds 787 635 1,536 901
Reinvested net income (absorbed loss) 9,896 (4,395 ) 9,896 (4,395 )
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest 71 (296 ) — —
Distributed value added 8,950 21,558 5,033 15,969

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim financial statements.

See independent auditor’s report on the financial statements.

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*Selected Notes to the Interim Financial Statements*

*Expressed in millions of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated*

*1. Corporate information*

Vale S.A. (the “Parent Company”) is a public company headquartered at 700, Avenida das Américas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil with securities traded on the stock exchanges of São Paulo - BM&F BOVESPA (Vale3 and Vale5), New York - NYSE (VALE and VALE.P) and Paris - NYSE Euronext (Vale3 and Vale5).

Vale and its direct and indirect subsidiaries (“Vale”, “Group” or “Company”) are producers of iron ore and iron ore pellets, key raw materials for steelmaking, and producers of nickel, which is used to produce stainless steel and metal alloys employed in the production of several products. The Group also produces copper, metallurgical and thermal coal, potash, phosphates and other fertilizer nutrients, manganese ore, ferroalloys, platinum group metals, gold, silver and cobalt. The information by segment is presented in note 3.

*2. Basis for preparation of the interim financial statements*

*a) Statement of compliance*

The condensed consolidated and individual interim financial statements of the Company (“interim financial statements”) have been prepared in accordance with the International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as implemented in Brazil by the Brazilian Accountant Pronouncements Committee (“CPC”), approved by the Brazilian Securities Exchange Commission (“CVM”) and by the Brazilian Federal Accounting Council (“CFC”). All relevant information from its own financial statements, and only this information, are being presented and correspond to those used by the Company’s Management.

The consolidated financial statements present the accounts of the Group.

The individual financial statements present the accounts of the Parent Company and are presented in a summarized form in note 25.

*b) Basis of presentation*

The interim financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention as adjusted to reflect: (i) the fair value of financial instruments measured at fair value through income statement or available-for-sale financial instruments measured at fair value through the statement of comprehensive income; and (ii) impairment of assets.

The accounting practices, accounting estimates and judgments, risk management and measurement methods are the same as those adopted when preparing the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2015. These interim financial statements were prepared to update users about relevant information presented in the period and should be read in conjunction with the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2015.

The interim financial statements of the Group and its associates and joint ventures are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which each entity operates (“functional currency”). In the case of the Parent Company the functional currency is the Brazilian real (“BRL” or “R$”). For presentation purposes, these interim financial statements are presented in R$.

The exchange rates used by the Group for major currencies to translate its operations into R$ are as follows:

Closing rate Average rate for the — Three-months period ended Six-months period ended
June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 June 30, 2016 June 30, 2015 June 30, 2016 June 30, 2015
US dollar (“US$”) 3.2098 3.9048 3.5076 3.0729 3.7017 2.9715
Canadian dollar (“CAD”) 2.4670 2.8171 2.7217 2.4999 2.7809 2.4060
Australian dollar (“AUD”) 2.3855 2.8532 2.6153 2.3913 2.7142 2.3228
Euro (“EUR” or “€”) 3.5414 4.2504 3.9624 3.4011 4.1288 3.3111

Subsequent events were evaluated through July 27, 2016, which is the date the interim financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors.

*c) Accounting standards issued but not yet effective*

The standards and interpretations issued by IASB relevant to the Company but not yet effective are the same as those disclosed in the notes to the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2015 .

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*3. Information by business segment*

*a) Operating income and adjusted EBITDA*

Adjusted EBITDA is used by management to support the decision making process for segments. The definition of adjusted EBITDA for the Company is the operating income or loss adjusted by: excluding (i) the depreciation, depletion and amortization, (ii) results on measurement or sales of non-current assets, (iii) impairment, (iv) onerous contracts and (v) adding of dividends received from associates and joint ventures.

Consolidated
Three-months period ended June 30, 2016
Income statement Adjusted by
Net operating revenue Cost of goods sold and services rendered Selling, administrative and other operating expenses, net Research and evaluation expenses Pre operating and operational stoppage Operating income (loss) Depreciation, depletion and amortization Results on measurement or sale of non-current assets Dividends received from associates and joint ventures Adjusted EBITDA
Ferrous minerals
Iron ore 12,263 (6,640 ) (818 ) (58 ) (138 ) 4,609 956 228 — 5,793
Pellets 3,049 (1,896 ) (78 ) (13 ) (39 ) 1,023 304 — 213 1,540
Ferroalloys and manganese 214 (202 ) 3 — (14 ) 1 20 — — 21
Other ferrous products and services 364 (277 ) (12 ) (1 ) (4 ) 70 57 — — 127
15,890 (9,015 ) (905 ) (72 ) (195 ) 5,703 1,337 228 213 7,481
Coal 511 (882 ) (29 ) (10 ) (33 ) (443 ) 54 — — (389 )
Base metals
Nickel and other products 3,682 (3,959 ) (39 ) (76 ) (157 ) (549 ) 1,329 — — 780
Copper 1,393 (1,037 ) (35 ) (3 ) — 318 208 — — 526
5,075 (4,996 ) (74 ) (79 ) (157 ) (231 ) 1,537 — — 1,306
Fertilizers
Potash 75 (104 ) (3 ) (5 ) (13 ) (50 ) 25 — — (25 )
Phosphates 1,276 (1,412 ) (90 ) (12 ) (4 ) (242 ) 264 — — 22
Nitrogen 208 (173 ) (14 ) (2 ) — 19 19 — — 38
Other fertilizers products 68 — — — — 68 — — 10 78
1,627 (1,689 ) (107 ) (19 ) (17 ) (205 ) 308 — 10 113
Others 100 (209 ) (172 ) (96 ) — (377 ) 17 — 190 (170 )
Total 23,203 (16,791 ) (1,287 ) (276 ) (402 ) 4,447 3,253 228 413 8,341

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Consolidated
Three-months period ended June 30, 2015
Statement of income Adjusted by
Net operating revenue Cost of goods sold and services rendered Selling, administrative and other operating expenses, net Research and evaluation expenses Pre operating and operational stoppage Operating income (loss) Depreciation, depletion and amortization Results on measurement or sale of non- current assets Dividends received from associates and joint ventures Adjusted EBITDA
Ferrous minerals
Iron ore 10,451 (6,803 ) (843 ) (109 ) (79 ) 2,617 905 172 — 3,694
Pellets 2,989 (2,013 ) — (4 ) (32 ) 940 268 — 552 1,760
Ferroalloys and manganese 165 (173 ) (1 ) — (18 ) (27 ) 16 — — (11 )
Other ferrous products and services 418 (360 ) (10 ) (3 ) (1 ) 44 71 — 25 140
14,023 (9,349 ) (854 ) (116 ) (130 ) 3,574 1,260 172 577 5,583
Coal 450 (719 ) (139 ) (20 ) (35 ) (463 ) 145 — — (318 )
Base metals
Nickel and other products 3,813 (3,590 ) (83 ) (71 ) (563 ) (494 ) 1,219 — — 725
Copper 1,254 (845 ) (44 ) (6 ) — 359 162 — — 521
5,067 (4,435 ) (127 ) (77 ) (563 ) (135 ) 1,381 — — 1,246
Fertilizers
Potash 95 (84 ) 19 (40 ) (12 ) (22 ) 23 — — 1
Phosphates 1,370 (1,102 ) (15 ) (19 ) (51 ) 183 199 — — 382
Nitrogen 242 (171 ) — (2 ) (6 ) 63 16 — — 79
Other fertilizers products 42 — — — — 42 — — — 42
1,749 (1,357 ) 4 (61 ) (69 ) 266 238 — — 504
Others 152 (108 ) (166 ) (91 ) — (213 ) 15 — — (198 )
Total 21,441 (15,968 ) (1,282 ) (365 ) (797 ) 3,029 3,039 172 577 6,817

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Consolidated
Six-months period ended June 30, 2016
Income statement Adjusted by
Net operating revenue Cost of goods sold and services rendered Selling, administrative and other operating expenses, net Research and evaluation expenses Pre operating and operational stoppage Operating income (loss) Depreciation, depletion and amortization Results on measurement or sale of non- current assets Dividends received from associates and joint ventures Adjusted EBITDA
Ferrous minerals
Iron ore 23,451 (12,529 ) (1,480 ) (100 ) (283 ) 9,059 1,889 228 — 11,176
Pellets 5,967 (3,883 ) (151 ) (15 ) (60 ) 1,858 614 — 213 2,685
Ferroalloys and manganese 396 (402 ) 9 — (28 ) (25 ) 49 — — 24
Other ferrous products and services 703 (573 ) 3 (2 ) (7 ) 124 126 — — 250
30,517 (17,387 ) (1,619 ) (117 ) (378 ) 11,016 2,678 228 213 14,135
Coal 1,110 (2,141 ) 188 (18 ) (37 ) (898 ) 150 — — (748 )
Base metals
Nickel and other products 7,565 (8,292 ) (123 ) (132 ) (351 ) (1,333 ) 2,754 — 1 1,422
Copper 2,764 (1,950 ) (31 ) (5 ) — 778 377 — — 1,155
10,329 (10,242 ) (154 ) (137 ) (351 ) (555 ) 3,131 — 1 2,577
Fertilizers
Potash 166 (196 ) 13 (12 ) (27 ) (56 ) 47 — — (9 )
Phosphates 2,400 (2,537 ) (143 ) (24 ) (8 ) (312 ) 484 — — 172
Nitrogen 436 (354 ) (21 ) (4 ) — 57 38 — — 95
Other fertilizers products 118 — — — — 118 — — 10 128
3,120 (3,087 ) (151 ) (40 ) (35 ) (193 ) 569 — 10 386
Others 194 (401 ) (150 ) (196 ) (1 ) (554 ) 39 — 191 (324 )
Total 45,270 (33,258 ) (1,886 ) (508 ) (802 ) 8,816 6,567 228 415 16,026

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Consolidated
Six-months period ended June 30, 2015
Statement of income Adjusted by
Net operating revenue Cost of goods sold and services rendered Selling, administrative and other operating expenses, net Research and evaluation expenses Pre operating and operational stoppage Operating income (loss) Depreciation, depletion and amortization Results on measurement or sale of non- current assets Dividends received from associates and joint ventures Adjusted EBITDA
Ferrous minerals
Iron ore 18,310 (13,315 ) (1,420 ) (203 ) (160 ) 3,212 1,964 172 — 5,348
Pellets 5,767 (3,950 ) 10 (8 ) (59 ) 1,760 514 — 624 2,898
Ferroalloys and manganese 372 (324 ) (2 ) (1 ) (38 ) 7 34 — — 41
Other ferrous products and services 753 (698 ) 15 (6 ) (2 ) 62 128 — 25 215
25,202 (18,287 ) (1,397 ) (218 ) (259 ) 5,041 2,640 172 649 8,502
Coal 869 (1,330 ) (334 ) (34 ) (71 ) (900 ) 212 — — (688 )
Base metals
Nickel and other products 7,667 (7,022 ) (253 ) (150 ) (1,101 ) (859 ) 2,433 — — 1,574
Copper 2,356 (1,630 ) (31 ) (10 ) (2 ) 683 299 — — 982
Other base metals products — — 722 — — 722 — — — 722
10,023 (8,652 ) 438 (160 ) (1,103 ) 546 2,732 — — 3,278
Fertilizers
Potash 180 (160 ) 17 (69 ) (25 ) (57 ) 41 — — (16 )
Phosphates 2,390 (1,987 ) (64 ) (38 ) (87 ) 214 355 — — 569
Nitrogen 465 (345 ) (8 ) (4 ) (9 ) 99 33 — — 132
Other fertilizers products 76 — — — — 76 — — — 76
3,111 (2,492 ) (55 ) (111 ) (121 ) 332 429 — — 761
Others 263 (195 ) 237 (187 ) (1 ) 117 26 (546 ) 2 (401 )
Total 39,468 (30,956 ) (1,111 ) (710 ) (1,555 ) 5,136 6,039 (374 ) 651 11,452

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*b) Assets by segment*

Consolidated — As at June 30, 2016 Three-months period ended June 30, 2016 Six-months period ended June 30, 2016
Trade receivables Product inventory Investments in associates and joint ventures Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets Additions to property, plant and equipment and intangible (i) Additions to property, plant and equipment and intangible (i)
Ferrous minerals 5,081 3,639 5,746 109,385 2,676 6,269
Coal 193 100 933 6,317 559 1,080
Base metals 2,118 3,848 51 80,072 815 1,870
Fertilizers 321 1,218 290 14,580 246 399
Others 158 9 5,701 7,501 28 60
Total 7,871 8,814 12,721 217,855 4,324 9,678

(i) Includes only cash effect .

Consolidated — Year ended December 31, 2015 Three-months period ended June 30, 2015 Six-months period ended June 30, 2015
Trade receivables Product inventory Investments in associates and joint ventures Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets Additions to property, plant and equipment and intangible (i) Additions to property, plant and equipment and intangible (i)
Ferrous minerals 3,409 4,044 5,775 110,123 3,959 8,175
Coal 176 206 1,195 7,075 1,210 2,210
Base metals 1,671 4,552 66 91,849 1,126 1,935
Fertilizers 367 1,156 292 15,096 154 314
Others 140 10 4,153 7,905 65 139
Total 5,763 9,968 11,481 232,048 6,514 12,773

(i) Includes only cash effect.

*c) Revenues by geographic area*

Consolidated
Three-months period ended June 30, 2016
Ferrous minerals Coal Base metals Fertilizers Others Total
Americas, except United States and Brazil 260 35 988 24 — 1,307
United States of America 185 — 619 — — 804
Europe 2,086 77 1,733 94 — 3,990
Middle East/Africa/Oceania 1,003 81 13 10 — 1,107
Japan 1,059 110 258 — — 1,427
China 9,009 24 396 — — 9,429
Asia, except Japan and China 798 184 918 69 — 1,969
Brazil 1,490 — 150 1,430 100 3,170
Net operating revenue 15,890 511 5,075 1,627 100 23,203
Consolidated
Three-months period ended June 30, 2015
Ferrous minerals Coal Base metals Fertilizers Others Total
Americas, except United States and Brazil 310 13 1,020 57 — 1,400
United States of America 15 — 708 — 24 747
Europe 1,940 116 1,762 105 — 3,923
Middle East/Africa/Oceania 874 100 52 — — 1,026
Japan 1,101 32 147 — — 1,280
China 7,382 38 553 — — 7,973
Asia, except Japan and China 1,015 130 673 79 — 1,897
Brazil 1,386 21 152 1,508 128 3,195
Net operating revenue 14,023 450 5,067 1,749 152 21,441

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Consolidated
Six-months period ended June 30, 2016
Ferrous minerals Coal Base metals Fertilizers Others Total
Americas, except United States and Brazil 615 50 2,068 62 2,795
United States of America 316 — 1,290 — 14 1,620
Europe 3,968 103 3,370 177 — 7,618
Middle East/Africa/Oceania 1,637 152 48 10 — 1,847
Japan 2,053 247 460 — — 2,760
China 17,687 119 1,009 — — 18,815
Asia, except Japan and China 1,404 439 1,865 147 — 3,855
Brazil 2,837 219 2,724 180 5,960
Net operating revenue 30,517 1,110 10,329 3,120 194 45,270
Consolidated
Six-months period ended June 30, 2015
Ferrous minerals Coal Base metals Fertilizers Others Total
Americas, except United States and Brazil 579 13 1,887 98 — 2,577
United States of America 43 — 1,392 — 46 1,481
Europe 3,796 151 3,016 187 — 7,150
Middle East/Africa/Oceania 1,733 199 167 9 — 2,108
Japan 2,272 115 564 — — 2,951
China 12,174 38 972 — — 13,184
Asia, except Japan and China 1,892 302 1,489 108 — 3,791
Brazil 2,713 51 536 2,709 217 6,226
Net operating revenue 25,202 869 10,023 3,111 263 39,468

*4. Relevant event — Dam failure at Samarco*

*a) Historical events*

On November 5, 2015, Samarco experienced the failure of an iron ore tailings dam (Fundão) in the state of Minas Gerais - Brazil which caused impacts on communities and environment, including the Rio Doce river.

Following the dam failure, the Brazilian mining authority (DNPM) and the Minas Gerais State Environmental Secretary (SEMAD), ordered the suspension of Samarco’s operations.

Samarco and its shareholders, Vale S.A. and BHP Billiton Brasil Ltda. (“BHPB”), entered into an Agreement in connection with the R$20.2 billion lawsuit (“Agreement”) on March 2, 2016 with the federal government, the two Brazilian states affected by the failure (Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais) and other governmental authorities in order to establish the necessary programs for remediation and compensation of the areas and communities affected by Samarco’s dam failures.

The term of the Agreement is 15 years, renewable for successive one-year periods until all the obligations under the Agreement have been fulfilled.

Under the Agreement, Samarco, Vale S.A. and BHPB agreed to establish a foundation to develop and implement social and economic remediation and compensation, to be funded by Samarco as follows: R$2.0 billion in 2016, R$1.2 billion in 2017 and R$1.2 billion in 2018. Amounts that Samarco already spent on remediation and compensation will be considered within its funding obligations. From 2019 to 2021, Samarco agreed to provide funding based on the amounts needed to implement the projects approved for the relevant year, subject to an annual minimum of R$800 and an annual maximum of R$1.6 billion. From 2022 onwards, Samarco will provide the necessary funding in order to complete remaining remediation and compensation programs approved for each relevant year. The foundation will allocate an annual amount of R$240 over 15 years to the implementation of compensation programs, and these annual amounts are included in the annual contributions described above for the first six years. Through the end of 2018, the foundation will also set aside R$500 for basic sanitation programs in the affected areas.

To the extent that Samarco does not meet its funding obligations in the foundation, each of Vale S.A. and BHPB will provide, under the terms of the Agreement, funds to the Foundation in proportion to its 50% equity interest in Samarco.

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*b) New facts occurred in the second quarter of 2016*

According the analyses prepared by independent experts engaged by Samarco, the amount to comply with the obligations under the Agreement to remediate and compensate the impacts of the dam failure, was estimated at R$11,121, of which R$656 has already been disbursed by Samarco until June 30, 2016. The Company’s proportional estimated share of the remaining balance discounted at a free-risk rate, amounts R$3,733 at June 30, 2016.

Samarco is currently unable to resume its mining and processing operations. Samarco´s original estimate was to resume its operations in the last quarter of 2016. That estimate was based on studies of technical solutions available, combined with the progress of the repair works on the remaining dam structures after the incident and the formal scope defined under the Agreement to remediate and compensate the communities impacted by the incident.

However, in view of the current stage of the necessary procedures to resume operations and the uncertainties related to the licensing approval by the governmental authorities, Samarco cannot make a reliable estimate of how and when its operations will resume.

Accordingly, the Company recognized a provision of R$3,733 as a liability on the interim financial statements as of June 30, 2016, which represents its best estimate of the obligation under the Agreement reflected in the income statement as “Other results in associates and joint ventures”

At each reporting period, the Company will reassess the key assumptions used by Samarco in the preparation of the projected future estimated cash flows, as well as the assumptions for defining the scope and assessing the respective provision, in order to timely reflect in the financial statements any changes in judgment used by management and/or any occurrence of new facts and circumstances.

*c) Contingencies related to Samarco dam failure*

On May 5, 2016, the Agreement was ratified by the Federal Regional Court (TRF), 1st Region signed in March 2, 2016. In July, 2016 the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) in Brazil issued an interim order, suspending the decision of the Federal Regional Court (TRF), 1st Region, which ratified the Agreement. With this interim order, the public civil claim with the amount of R$20.2 billion indicated by plaintiffs, filed by the Brazilian Authorities, was reinstated.

Only the judicial decision that ratified the Agreement was suspended and, therefore, the Agreement between the parties remains valid, and the parties will continue fulfilling their obligations under the Agreement

Vale S.A. and certain of its officers have been named as defendants in putative securities class action suits in Federal Court in New York brought by holders of Vale’s American Depositary Receipts under U.S. federal securities laws. The lawsuits allege that Vale S.A. made false and misleading statements or omitted to make disclosures concerning the risks and dangers of the operations of Samarco’s Fundão dam and the adequacy of related programs and procedures. The plaintiffs have not specified an amount of alleged damages in these actions. Vale S.A. intends to vigorously mount a full defense against the allegations. The litigation is at a very early stage. On March 7, 2016, the judge overseeing the putative securities class actions issued an order consolidating these actions and designating lead plaintiffs and counsel. On April 29, 2016, lead plaintiffs filed a Consolidated Amended Complaint that will serve as the operative complaint in the litigation. In July 2016, Vale S.A. and the individual defendants filed a motion to dismiss the Amended Complaint.

On May 3, 2016, the Federal Prosecution Office (MPF) filed a public civil action against Samarco and its shareholders and presented several demands, including: (i) the adoption of measures for mitigating the social, economic and environmental impacts resulting from the Fundão dam failure and other emergency measures; (ii) the payment of compensation to the community; and (iii) payments for the collective moral damage. The initial action value claimed by the Federal Prosecution Office (MPF) is R$155 billion.

In addition, Samarco and its shareholders were named as a defendant in several other lawsuits brought by individuals, corporations and governmental entities seeking damages for material or personnel damages.

All lawsuits and petitions are at very early stages, thus it not possible to determine a range of outcomes and/or reliable estimates of the potential exposure at this time. No contingent liability was quantified and no provision was recognized.

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*d) Other subjects*

On June 28, 2016, the Foundation was established by Samarco and its shareholders, with a commencement date estimated to occur on August 1, 2016.

Vale S.A. intends to make short-term facilities of up to R$ 321 (US$100) to Samarco to support its operations, without undertaking an obligation to Samarco. Funds will be released on an as-needed basis and will be subject to achieving certain milestones. Likewise, BHPB will make available a similar short-term facility.

*5. Assets held for sale*

June 30, 2016 — Shipping assets Nacala Total December 31, 2015 — Nacala
Assets held for sale
Accounts receivable — 6 6 13
Other current assets — 183 183 522
Property, plant and equipment and Intangible, net 1,595 13,168 14,763 15,257
Total assets 1,595 13,357 14,952 15,792
Liabilities associated with assets held for sale
Suppliers and contractors — 207 207 365
Other current liabilities — 51 51 51
Total liabilities — 258 258 416
Net assets held for sale 1,595 13,099 14,694 15,376

*a) Shipping assets*

In June 2016, Vale approved a plan to dispose its fleet of ships. As a consequence, the referred assets were reclassified to non-current assets held for sale and a loss of R$202 was recorded in the income statement as “Results on measurement or sale of non-current assets”.

*b) Coal - Nacala logistic corridor (“Nacala”)*

In December 2014, the Company signed an agreement with Mitsui & Co., Ltd. (“Mitsui”) to sell 50% of its stake of 70% in the Nacala corridor. Nacala is a combination of railroad and port concessions under construction located in Mozambique and Malawi. After completion of the transaction, Vale will share control of Nacala with Mitsui and therefore will not consolidate the assets, liabilities and results of those entities. The assets and liabilities were classified as assets held for sale with no impact in the income statement. As at June 2016, completion of the transaction remains dependent upon certain conditions. The Company remains committed to its plan to sell its 50% interest.

*6. Acquisitions and divestitures*

*2016*

*Shipping assets — In June 2016, the Company concluded the sale of three vessels VLOC’s of 400,000 tons for the consortium led by ICBC International* (ICBC). The Company will receive R$863 upon delivery of the vessels, which is expected to happen by August, 2016. A loss of R$26 was recognized in the income statement as “Results on measurement or sales of non-current assets”.

*Thyssenkrupp Companhia Siderúrgica do Atlântico Ltd (“CSA”) —* In April 2016, the Company sold 100% of its interest at CSA (26.87%) for a symbolic amount. The transaction resulted in R$266 loss on recycling the “Cumulative translation adjustments” recognized in the income statement as “Others results in associates and joint ventures”.

*Minas da Serra Geral S.A. (“MSG”) —* In March 2016, the Company completed the purchase option on additional 50% participation at MSG which was owned by JFE Steel Corporation (“JFE”) in the amount of R$65. Vale now holds 100% of MSG’s total stockholder’s equity.

*2015*

*Energy generation assets —* In December 2013, the Company signed agreements with CEMIG Geração e Transmissão S.A. (“CEMIG GT”) to incorporate two joint ventures, Aliança Norte Participações S.A. and Aliança Geração de Energia S.A and exchange of assets and shares. The transaction was completed in the first quarter of 2015, in which Vale received cash proceeds of R$306 and recognized a gain of R$55 as “Result on sale or disposal of investments in associates and joint ventures” and a gain of R$546 as “Results on measurement or sales of non-current assets”.

*Shandong Yankuang International Coking Co., Ltd. (“Yankuang”)* - In the second quarter of 2015, the Company concluded the sale of its participation in Yankuang, a producer of coke, methanol and other products. In this transaction, Vale recognized a gain of R$241 as “others results in associates and joint ventures”.

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*Shipping assets —* In the second quarter of 2015, the Company and China Ocean Shipping Company (“Cosco”), completed the sale of four very large ore carriers. The Company recognized a loss of R$172 as “Results on measurement or sale of non-current assets”.

*7. Cash and cash equivalents*

Consolidated — June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015
Cash and bank deposits 8,286 7,881
Short-term investments 5,091 6,141
13,377 14,022

Cash and cash equivalents includes cash, immediately redeemable deposits and short-term investments with an insignificant risk of change in value. They are readily convertible to cash, part in R$, indexed to the Brazilian Interbank Interest rate (“DI Rate”or”CDI”) and part denominated in US$, mainly time deposits.

*8. Accounts receivable*

Consolidated — June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015
Trade receivables 8,073 5,988
Provision for doubtful debts (202 ) (225 )
7,871 5,763
Trade receivables related to the steel sector - % 76.52 % 75.32 %
Consolidated
Three-months period ended June 30 Six-months period ended June 30
2016 2015 2016 2015
Provision for doubtful debts recorded in the income statement (8 ) (4 ) (9 ) (4 )
Trade receivables write-offs recorded in the income statement 8 — 1 (19 )

Trade receivables by segments are presented in note 3(b). No individual customer represents over 10% of receivables or revenues.

*9. Inventories*

Consolidated — June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015
Product inventory 9,899 11,991
Impairment of product inventory (1,085 ) (2,023 )
8,814 9,968
Consumable inventory 3,595 3,807
Total 12,409 13,775

Product inventories by segments are presented in note 3(b).

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*10. Investments in associates and joint ventures*

Changes in investments in associates and joint ventures are as follows:

Consolidated — 2016 2015
Balance at March 31, 12,091 12,230
Additions (i) 491 24
Disposals (ii) — 241
Translation adjustment (208 ) (76 )
Equity results in income statement 658 668
Dividends declared (311 ) (147 )
Others — 117
Balance at June 30, 12,721 13,057

(i) Refers to capital contribution of R$448 to CSP - Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecém and R$43 to Aliança Geração de Energia, with no change in the company’s interest in associates equity.

(ii) Refers to Shandong Yankuang International Coking Co., Ltd.

Consolidated — 2016 2015
Balance at January 1st 11,481 10,978
Acquisitions (i) — 1,819
Additions (ii) 825 54
Disposals (iii) — 241
Translation adjustment (367 ) 250
Equity results in income statement 1,247 (157 )
Dividends declared (419 ) (223 )
Others (46 ) 95
Balance at June 30, 12,721 13,057

(i) Refers to Aliança Geração transaction, see note 6.

(ii) Refers to capital contribution of R$703 to CSP - Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecém and R$122 to Aliança Geração de Energia, with no change in the company’s interest in associates equity.

(iii) Refers to Shandong Yankuang International Coking Co., Ltd.

The Company indirectly holds a 4.6 % interest in Norte Energia S.A. (through Aliança Norte Energia Participações S.A.), and the Company’s investment and equity results as of June 30, 2016, are respectively R$427 and R$(12). The independent auditor’s opinion on the Norte Energia financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2015, was qualified due to an investigation related to possible breaches of law and regulation that had not been completed when the mentioned the opinion was issued. Vale believes that the auditor’s qualification has no quantitative or qualitative impact on its interim financial information as of June 30, 2016.

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*11. Intangibles*

Changes in intangibles are as follows:

Consolidated — Goodwill (i) Concessions (ii) Right of use (ii) Software (ii) Total
Balance at March 31, 2016 11,014 8,378 532 1,492 21,416
Additions — 1,556 — 14 1,570
Disposals — (16 ) — — (16 )
Amortization — (146 ) (1 ) (141 ) (288 )
Translation adjustment (681 ) (16 ) (83 ) 18 (762 )
Transfers — 270 — — 270
Balance at June 30, 2016 10,333 10,026 448 1,383 22,190
Cost 10,333 13,578 711 5,071 29,693
Accumulated amortization — (3,552 ) (263 ) (3,688 ) (7,503 )
10,333 10,026 448 1,383 22,190
Consolidated — Goodwill (i) Concessions (ii) Right of use (ii) Software (ii) Total
Balance at March 31, 2015 10,889 6,069 824 1,550 19,332
Additions — 724 — 53 777
Disposals — (12 ) — — (12 )
Amortization — (122 ) (33 ) (128 ) (283 )
Translation adjustment (144 ) — (2 ) — (146 )
Acquisition of subsidiary 1 — — — 1
Balance at June 30, 2015 10,746 6,659 789 1,475 19,669
Cost 10,746 10,078 1,604 3,868 26,296
Accumulated amortization — (3,419 ) (815 ) (2,393 ) (6,627 )
10,746 6,659 789 1,475 19,669
Consolidated — Goodwill (i) Concessions (ii) Right of use (ii) Software (ii) Total
Balance at December 31, 2015 11,544 7,084 811 1,350 20,789
Additions — 2,976 3 20 2,999
Disposals — (18 ) — (1 ) (19 )
Amortization — (270 ) (5 ) (286 ) (561 )
Translation adjustment (1,211 ) (16 ) (98 ) 12 (1,313 )
Transfers — 270 (263 ) 288 295
Balance at June 30, 2016 10,333 10,026 448 1,383 22,190
Cost 10,333 13,578 711 5,071 29,693
Accumulated amortization — (3,552 ) (263 ) (3,688 ) (7,503 )
10,333 10,026 448 1,383 22,190
Consolidated — Goodwill (i) Concessions (ii) Right of use (ii) Software (ii) Total
Balance at December 31, 2014 9,987 5,876 789 1,462 18,114
Additions — 1,073 — 266 1,339
Disposals — (49 ) — — (49 )
Amortization — (241 ) (63 ) (253 ) (557 )
Translation adjustment 657 — 63 — 720
Acquisition of subsidiary 102 — — — 102
Balance at June 30, 2015 10,746 6,659 789 1,475 19,669
Cost 10,746 10,078 1,604 3,868 26,296
Accumulated amortization — (3,419 ) (815 ) (2,393 ) (6,627 )
10,746 6,659 789 1,475 19,669

(i) Indefinite useful life.

(ii) Finite useful life.

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*12. Property, plant and equipment*

Changes in property, plant and equipment are as follows:

Consolidated — Land Building Facilities Equipment Mineral properties Others Constructions in progress Total
Balance at March 31, 2016 2,922 35,026 31,007 27,348 38,926 27,206 43,713 206,148
Additions (i) — — — — — — 3,845 3,845
Disposals — — (1 ) (8 ) — (1,175 ) (69 ) (1,253 )
Depreciation and amortization — (405 ) (522 ) (829 ) (799 ) (594 ) — (3,149 )
Translation adjustment (84 ) (2,685 ) (1,202 ) (1,577 ) (2,757 ) (944 ) 1,128 (8,121 )
Assets retirement obligations — — — — 60 — — 60
Transfers 22 1,190 348 689 413 (920 ) (2,012 ) (270 )
Transfers to non-current assets held for sale — — — — — (1,595 ) — (1,595 )
Balance at June 30, 2016 2,860 33,126 29,630 25,623 35,843 21,978 46,605 195,665
Cost 2,860 51,619 48,187 45,097 60,590 33,541 46,605 288,499
Accumulated depreciation — (18,493 ) (18,557 ) (19,474 ) (24,747 ) (11,563 ) — (92,834 )
2,860 33,126 29,630 25,623 35,843 21,978 46,605 195,665
Consolidated — Land Building Facilities Equipment Mineral properties Others Constructions in progress Total
Balance at March 31, 2015 2,960 36,387 31,505 28,762 40,662 32,019 51,328 223,623
Additions (i) — — — — — — 5,256 5,256
Disposals — — (19 ) (46 ) — (1,574 ) — (1,639 )
Depreciation and amortization — (437 ) (571 ) (824 ) (748 ) (558 ) — (3,138 )
Translation adjustment (20 ) (887 ) (423 ) (729 ) (499 ) (510 ) 110 (2,958 )
Transfers 158 2,367 804 1,937 1,362 2,669 (9,297 ) —
Balance at June 30, 2015 3,098 37,430 31,296 29,100 40,777 32,046 47,397 221,144
Cost 3,098 45,493 46,959 44,867 59,232 45,137 47,397 292,183
Accumulated depreciation — (8,063 ) (15,663 ) (15,767 ) (18,455 ) (13,091 ) — (71,039 )
3,098 37,430 31,296 29,100 40,777 32,046 47,397 221,144
Consolidated — Land Building Facilities Equipment Mineral properties Others Constructions in progress Total
Balance at December 31, 2015 2,989 35,538 32,378 28,532 40,234 28,135 43,453 211,259
Additions (i) — — — — — — 6,964 6,964
Disposals — (2 ) (2 ) (48 ) (11 ) (1,208 ) (74 ) (1,345 )
Depreciation and amortization — (848 ) (1,068 ) (1,663 ) (1,489 ) (1,141 ) — (6,209 )
Translation adjustment (137 ) (3,640 ) (2,213 ) (2,782 ) (3,878 ) (1,419 ) 747 (13,322 )
Assets retirement obligations — — — — 207 — — 207
Transfers 8 2,077 535 1,584 780 (794 ) (4,485 ) (295 )
Transfers to non-current asstes held for sale — — — — — (1,595 ) — (1,595 )
Acquisition of subsidiary — 1 — — — — — 1
Balance at June 30, 2016 2,860 33,126 29,630 25,623 35,843 21,978 46,605 195,665
Cost 2,860 51,619 48,187 45,097 60,590 33,541 46,605 288,499
Accumulated depreciation — (18,493 ) (18,557 ) (19,474 ) (24,747 ) (11,563 ) — (92,834 )
2,860 33,126 29,630 25,623 35,843 21,978 46,605 195,665
Consolidated — Land Building Facilities Equipment Mineral properties Others Constructions in progress Total
Balance at December 31, 2014 2,839 30,955 28,721 24,669 39,654 29,095 51,574 207,507
Additions (i) — — — — — — 11,275 11,275
Disposals — (14 ) (22 ) (60 ) (434 ) (1,592 ) (5 ) (2,127 )
Depreciation and amortization — (824 ) (1,167 ) (1,707 ) (1,372 ) (1,126 ) — (6,196 )
Translation adjustment 73 780 739 1,602 2,879 1,518 2,777 10,368
Transfers 186 6,533 3,025 4,595 50 3,835 (18,224 ) —
Acquisition of subsidiary — — — 1 — 316 — 317
Balance at June 30, 2015 3,098 37,430 31,296 29,100 40,777 32,046 47,397 221,144
Cost 3,098 45,493 46,959 44,867 59,232 45,137 47,397 292,183
Accumulated depreciation — (8,063 ) (15,663 ) (15,767 ) (18,455 ) (13,091 ) — (71,039 )
3,098 37,430 31,296 29,100 40,777 32,046 47,397 221,144

(i) Includes capitalized borrowing costs, see cash flow.

There are no material changes to the net book value of consolidated property, plant and equipment pledged to secure judicial claims and loans and borrowings (note 13(d)) compared to those disclosed in the financial statements as at December 31, 2015.

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*13. Loans and borrowings*

*a) Total debt*

Consolidated — Current liabilities Non-current liabilities
June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015
Debt contracts in the international markets
Floating rates in:
US$ 751 943 22,327 20,203
Fixed rates in:
US$ 5,174 4,651 40,109 50,463
EUR — — 5,312 6,376
Other currencies 45 56 552 659
Accrued charges 915 1,274 — —
6,885 6,924 68,300 77,701
Debt contracts in Brazil
Floating rates in:
R$, indexed to TJLP, TR, IPCA, IGP-M and CDI 980 827 18,228 18,388
Basket of currencies and US$ indexed to LIBOR 1,022 1,133 4,112 5,239
Fixed rates in:
R$ 248 246 923 1,047
Accrued charges 985 658 433 503
3,235 2,864 23,696 25,177
10,120 9,788 91,996 102,878

The future flows of debt payments (principal and interest) per nature of funding are as follows:

Consolidated — Bank loans (i) Capital markets (i) Development agencies (i) Debt principal (i) Estimated future payments of interest(ii)
2016 112 — 1,361 1,473 5,226
2017 3,120 3,890 3,136 10,146 5,425
2018 6,911 2,655 3,383 12,949 4,892
2019 2,298 3,210 3,951 9,459 4,198
2020 11,027 4,311 2,664 18,002 3,717
2021 973 4,311 2,866 8,150 3,043
Between 2022 and 2025 4,044 10,695 3,265 18,004 7,639
2026 onwards 273 20,836 491 21,600 18,646
28,758 49,908 21,117 99,783 52,786

(i) Does not include accrued charges.

(ii) Consists of estimated future payments of interest, calculated based on interest rate curves and foreign exchange rates applicable as at June 30, 2016 and considering that all amortization payments and payments at maturity on loans and borrowings will be made on their contracted payments dates. The amount includes the estimated values of future interest payments (not yet accrued), in addition to interest already recognized in the financial statements.

At June 30, 2016, the average annual interest rates by currency are as follows:

Loans and borrowings in Consolidated — Average interest rate (i) Total debt
US$ 4.46 % 74,349
R$ (ii) 11.13 % 21,769
EUR (iii) 4.06 % 5,401
Other currencies 4.35 % 597
102,116

(i) In order to determine the average interest rate for debt contracts with floating rates, the Company used the last renegotiated rate at June 30, 2016.

(ii) R$ denominated debt that bears interest at IPCA, CDI, TR or TJLP, plus spread. For a total of R$14,495, the Company entered into derivative transactions to mitigate the exposure to the cash flow variations of the floating rate debt denominated in R$, resulting in an average cost of 2.21% per year in US$.

(iii) Eurobonds, for which the Company entered into derivatives to mitigate the exposure to the cash flow variations of the debt denominated in EUR, resulting in an average cost of 4.29% per year in US$.

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*b) Credit and financing lines*

Type Contractual — currency Date of agreement Period of the — agreement Available amount — Total amount June 30, 2016
Credit lines
Revolving credit facilities US$ May 2015 5 years 9,629 3,852
Revolving credit facilities US$ July 2013 5 years 6,420 5,777
Financing lines
BNDES (i) R$ April 2008 10 years 7,300 1,112
BNDES - CLN 150 R$ September 2012 10 years 3,883 20
BNDES - S11D e S11D Logística R$ May 2014 10 years 6,163 2,447

(i) Memorandum of understanding signature date, however term is considered from the signature date of each contract amendment. This credit line supported or supports the Usina VIII, Onça Puma, Salobo I and II and capital expenditure of Itabira projects.

*c) Funding*

During 2016, the Company drew down part of its revolving credit facilities of which R$6,420 (US$2billions) is outstanding at June 30, 2016.

In June 2016, the Company issued through its wholly owned subsidiary Vale Overseas Limited the guaranteed notes due 2021 in the amount of R$4,012 ( US$1,250). The notes bear 5.875% coupon per year, payable semi-annually, and were sold at a price of 100% of the principal amount. These notes will mature in June 2021.

*d) Guarantees*

As at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, loans and borrowings are secured by property, plant and equipment and receivables in the amount of R$1,531 and R$1,937, respectively .

The securities issued through Vale’s 100%-owned finance subsidiary Vale Overseas Limited are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Vale.

*e) Covenants*

Some of the Company’s debt agreements with lenders contain financial covenants. The main covenants in those agreements require maintaining certain ratios, such as debt to EBITDA (Earnings before Interest Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization) and interest coverage. The Company has not identified any instances of noncompliance as at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

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*14. Litigation*

*a) Provision for litigation*

Vale is party to labor, civil, tax and other ongoing lawsuits, at administrative and court levels. Provisions for losses resulting from lawsuits are estimated and updated by the Company, based on analysis from the Company’s legal consultants. Changes in provision for litigation are as follows:

Consolidated — Tax litigation Civil litigation Labor litigation Environmental litigation Total of litigation provision
Balance at March 31, 2016 776 365 1,806 82 3,029
Additions 39 157 225 11 432
Reversals (31 ) (66 ) (105 ) (6 ) (208 )
Payments (88 ) (92 ) (155 ) — (335 )
Indexation and interest 10 (5 ) 13 (3 ) 15
Translation adjustment 34 — — — 34
Balance at June 30, 2016 740 359 1,784 84 2,967
Consolidated — Tax litigation Civil litigation Labor litigation Environmental litigation Total of litigation provision
Balance at March 31, 2015 980 367 1,910 229 3,486
Additions 41 95 114 — 250
Reversals (20 ) (57 ) (46 ) (1 ) (124 )
Payments (15 ) (4 ) (67 ) (13 ) (99 )
Indexation and interest 27 4 28 2 61
Translation adjustment (10 ) — — (5 ) (15 )
Balance at june 30, 2015 1,003 405 1,939 212 3,559
Consolidated — Tax litigation Civil litigation Labor litigation Environmental litigation Total of litigation provision
Balance at December 31, 2015 1,052 309 1,771 78 3,210
Additions 51 204 400 18 673
Reversals (61 ) (81 ) (171 ) (14 ) (327 )
Payments (356 ) (162 ) (244 ) — (762 )
Indexation and interest 33 89 26 1 149
Translation adjustment 21 — 2 1 24
Balance at June 30, 2016 740 359 1,784 84 2,967
Consolidated — Tax litigation Civil litigation Labor litigation Environmental litigation Total of litigation provision
Balance at December 31, 2014 972 311 1,876 246 3,405
Additions 443 142 215 — 800
Reversals (516 ) (90 ) (120 ) (1 ) (727 )
Payments (24 ) (4 ) (80 ) (59 ) (167 )
Indexation and interest 83 45 48 6 182
Translation adjustment 45 1 — 20 66
Balance at June 30, 2015 1,003 405 1,939 212 3,559

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*b) Contingent liabilities*

Contingent liabilities of administrative and judicial claims, with expectation of loss classified as possible, and for which the recognition of a provision is not considered necessary by the Company, based on legal advice are as follows:

Consolidated — June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015
Tax litigation 23,195 20,796
Civil litigation 5,213 5,214
Labor litigation 7,391 7,288
Environmental litigation 5,839 5,393
Total 41,638 38,691

*i - Tax litigation -* The most significant claims relate to pending challenges by the Brazilian federal tax authority concerning the deductibility of Brazilian social contribution payments for income tax purposes and demands by Brazilian state tax authorities for additional payments of the value-added tax on services and circulation of goods (“ICMS”) in relation to the use of ICMS credits from sales and energy transmission. The change in the period refers basically to income tax on tax incentive , and new tax enforcement on brazilian federal contributions (“PIS/ COFINS”), circulation of goods (“ICMS”) and CFEM (Compensação Financeira pela Exploração de Recursos Minerais).

*ii - Civil litigation -* Most of those claims have been filed by suppliers for indemnification under construction contracts, primarily relating to certain alleged damages, payments and contractual penalties. A number of other claims related to contractual disputes regarding inflation index.

*iii - Labor litigation -* Represents individual claims by employees and service providers, primarily involving demands for additional compensation for overtime work, time spent commuting or health and safety conditions; and the Brazilian federal social security administration (“INSS”) regarding contributions on compensation programs based on profits.

*iv - Environmental litigation -* The most significant claims concern alleged procedural deficiencies in licensing processes, non-compliance with existing environmental licenses or damage to the environment.

*c) Judicial deposits*

In addition to the provisions and contingent liabilities, the Company is required by law to make judicial deposits to secure a potential adverse outcome of certain lawsuits. These court-ordered deposits are monetarily adjusted and reported as non-current assets until a judicial decision to draw the deposit occurs.

Consolidated — June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015
Tax litigation 841 822
Civil litigation 327 399
Labor litigation 2,264 2,163
Environmental litigation 67 61
Total 3,499 3,445

*d) Others*

In the third quarter of 2015, the Company filed an enforceable action in the amount of R$524 referring to the final court decision in favor of the Company of the accrued interest of compulsory deposits from 1987 to 1993. Currently it is not possible to estimate the economic benefit inflow as the counterparty can appeal on the calculation. Consequently, the asset was not recognized in the financial statements.

For contingencies related to Samarco Mineração S.A., see note 4.

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*15. Income taxes*

*a) Deferred income tax*

Changes in deferred tax are as follows:

Consolidated — Assets Liabilities Total
Balance at March 31, 2016 27,317 6,467 20,850
Effect in income statement (3,161 ) (36 ) (3,125 )
Translation adjustment (1,022 ) (892 ) (130 )
Transfers between asset and liabilities 225 225 —
Other comprehensive income 37 (183 ) 220
Balance at June 30, 2016 23,396 5,581 17,815
Consolidated — Assets Liabilities Total
Balance at March 31, 2015 14,036 9,942 4,094
Effect in income statement (492 ) (139 ) (353 )
Translation adjustment (254 ) (362 ) 108
Other comprehensive income 51 144 (93 )
Balance at June 30, 2015 13,341 9,585 3,756
Consolidated — Assets Liabilities Total
Balance at December 31, 2015 30,867 6,520 24,347
Effect in income statement (5,449 ) (213 ) (5,236 )
Translation adjustment (2,114 ) (1,046 ) (1,068 )
Transfers between asset and liabilities 575 575 —
Other comprehensive income (483 ) (255 ) (228 )
Balance at June 30, 2016 23,396 5,581 17,815
Consolidated — Assets Liabilities Total
Balance at December 31, 2014 10,560 8,874 1,686
Effect in income statement 2,336 (161 ) 2,497
Translation adjustment 423 883 (460 )
Acquisition of subsidiary (31 ) — (31 )
Other comprehensive income 53 (11 ) 64
Balance at June 30, 2015 13,341 9,585 3,756

*b) Income tax reconciliation*

The total amount presented as income taxes in the income statement is reconciled to the rate established by law, as follows :

Consolidated
Three-months period ended June 30 Six-months period ended June 30
2016 2015 2016 2015
Net income (loss) before income taxes 8,179 5,562 17,910 (6,779 )
Income taxes at statutory rates - 34% (2,781 ) (1,891 ) (6,089 ) 2,305
Adjustments that affect the basis of taxes:
Income tax benefit from interest on stockholders’ equity — 509 — 1,054
Tax incentives 336 75 347 75
Results of overseas companies taxed by different rates which differs from the parent company rate — 867 — (118 )
Equity results 217 228 431 (53 )
Additions(reversals) of tax loss carry forward (776 ) — (567 ) —
Unrecognized tax losses of the period (568 ) — (1,291 ) —
Others results in associates and joint ventures (1,269 ) — (1,269 ) —
Others 301 (349 ) 495 (1,175 )
Income taxes (4,540 ) (561 ) (7,943 ) 2,088

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*c) Income taxes - Settlement program (“REFIS”)*

In 2013, the Company elected to participate in the REFIS, a federal tax settlement program, to settle most of the claims related to the collection of income tax and social contribution on equity gains of foreign subsidiaries and affiliates from 2003 to 2012.

At June 30, 2016, the balance of R$17,508 (R$1,419 as current and R$16,089 as non-current) is due in 148 remaining monthly installments, bearing interest at the SELIC rate.

*16. Employee postretirement obligations*

*Reconciliation of assets and liabilities recognized in the balance sheet*

Consolidated
June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015
Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Others benefits Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Others benefits
Balance at beginning of the period 3,754 — — 3,455 — —
Interest income 266 — — 427 — —
Changes in asset ceiling and onerous liability 1,423 — — (128 ) — —
Balance at end of the period 5,443 — — 3,754 — —
Amount recognized in the balance sheet
Present value of actuarial liabilities (9,873 ) (13,045 ) (4,487 ) (9,659 ) (14,407 ) (4,773 )
Fair value of assets 15,316 10,384 — 13,413 12,083 —
Effect of the asset ceiling (5,443 ) — — (3,754 ) — —
Liabilities — (2,661 ) (4,487 ) — (2,324 ) (4,773 )
Current liabilities — (65 ) (183 ) — (67 ) (199 )
Non-current liabilities — (2,596 ) (4,304 ) — (2,257 ) (4,574 )
Liabilities — (2,661 ) (4,487 ) — (2,324 ) (4,773 )

*17. Financial instruments classification*

Consolidated
June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015
Loans and receivables or amortized cost At fair value through net income Total Loans and receivables or amortized cost At fair value through net income Derivatives designated as hedge accounting Total
Financial assets
Current
Cash and cash equivalents 13,377 — 13,377 14,022 — — 14,022
Financial investments 443 — 443 109 — — 109
Derivative financial instruments — 437 437 — 474 — 474
Accounts receivable 7,871 — 7,871 5,763 — — 5,763
Related parties 218 — 218 273 — — 273
21,909 437 22,346 20,167 474 — 20,641
Non-current
Derivative financial instruments — 1,596 1,596 — 363 — 363
Loans 576 — 576 732 — — 732
Related parties 10 — 10 5 — — 5
586 1,596 2,182 737 363 — 1,100
Total of financial assets 22,495 2,033 24,528 20,904 837 — 21,741
Financial liabilities
Current
Suppliers and contractors 12,489 — 12,489 13,140 — — 13,140
Derivative financial instruments — 3,242 3,242 — 7,909 198 8,107
Loans and borrowings 10,120 — 10,120 9,788 — — 9,788
Related parties 1,927 — 1,927 1,856 — — 1,856
24,536 3,242 27,778 24,784 7,909 198 32,891
Non-current
Derivative financial instruments — 3,857 3,857 — 5,581 — 5,581
Loans and borrowings 91,996 — 91,996 102,878 — — 102,878
Related parties 462 — 462 830 — — 830
Participative stockholders’ debentures — 1,982 1,982 — 1,336 — 1,336
Others (i) — 706 706 — 551 — 551
92,458 6,545 99,003 103,708 7,468 — 111,176
Total of financial liabilities 116,994 9,787 126,781 128,492 15,377 198 144,067

(i) See note 18(a).

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*18. Fair value estimate*

*a) Assets and liabilities measured and recognized at fair value:*

Consolidated
June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015
Level 2 Level 3 Total Level 2 Level 3 Total
Financial assets
Derivative financial instruments 991 1,042 2,033 837 — 837
Total 991 1,042 2,033 837 — 837
Financial liabilities
Derivative financial instruments 6,320 779 7,099 13,688 — 13,688
Participative stockholders’ debentures 1,982 — 1,982 1,336 — 1,336
Others (minimum return instrument) — 706 706 — 551 551
Total 8,302 1,485 9,787 15,024 551 15,575

There are no changes in the methods and techniques of evaluation of instruments above compared to disclosed in the financial statements as at December 31, 2015.

*b) Fair value of financial instruments not measured at fair value*

The fair values and carrying amounts of loans (net of interest) are as follows:

Financial liabilities Consolidated — Balance Fair value Level 1 Level 2
June 30, 2016
Debt principal 99,783 97,739 47,774 49,965
December 31, 2015
Debt principal 110,231 102,434 48,017 54,417

*19. Derivative financial instruments*

*a) Derivatives effects on balance sheet*

Consolidated
Assets
June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015
Current Non-current Current Non-current
Derivatives not designated as hedge accounting
Foreign exchange and interest rate risk
CDI & TJLP vs. US$ fixed and floating rate swap 353 174 269 —
IPCA swap 23 161 7 64
Pré-dolar swap 6 100 — —
382 435 276 64
Commodities price risk
Nickel 49 3 198 41
Bunker oil 6 — — —
55 3 198 41
Others — 1,158 — 258
— 1,158 — 258
Total 437 1,596 474 363

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Consolidated
Liabilities
June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015
Current Non-current Current Non-current
Derivatives not designated as hedge accounting
Foreign exchange and interest rate risk
CDI & TJLP vs. US$ fixed and floating rate swap 1,974 2,598 3,119 4,419
IPCA swap 83 229 82 393
Eurobonds swap 21 104 572 111
Euro forward 39 — — —
Pre dollar swap 64 141 364 280
2,181 3,072 4,137 5,203
Commodities price risk
Nickel 48 2 153 42
Bunker oil 1,013 — 3,609 —
1,061 2 3,762 42
Others — 783 — 336
— 783 — 336
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedge accounting
Bunker oil — — 198 —
Foreign exchange — — 10 —
— — 208 —
Total 3,242 3,857 8,107 5,581

*b) Effects of derivatives on the income statement, cash flow and other comprehensive income*

Consolidated
Three-months period ended June 30
Gain (loss) recognized in the income statement Financial settlement inflows(outflows) Gain(loss) recognized in other comprehensive income
2016 2015 2016 2015 2016 2015
Derivatives not designated as hedge accounting
Foreign exchange and interest rate risk
CDI & TJLP vs. US$ fixed and floating rate swap 1,491 534 (163 ) 37 — —
IPCA swap 101 73 — 9 — —
Eurobonds swap (70 ) 86 — (39 ) — —
Euro forward (51 ) — — — — —
Pre dollar swap 137 37 (6 ) (5 ) — —
1,608 730 (169 ) 2 — —
Commodities price risk
Nickel (49 ) (34 ) (35 ) (34 ) — —
Bunker oil 526 236 (1,032 ) 30 — —
477 202 (1,067 ) (4 ) — —
Others 488 (203 ) — — — —
488 (203 ) — — — —
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedge accounting
Bunker oil — (291 ) — (271 ) — 524
Foreign exchange — (30 ) — (30 ) 2 29
— (321 ) — (301 ) 2 553
Total 2,573 408 (1,236 ) (303 ) 2 553

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Consolidated
Six-months period ended June 30
Gain (loss) recognized in the income statement Financial settlement inflows(outflows) Gain(loss) recognized in other comprehensive income
2016 2015 2016 2015 2016 2015
Derivatives not designated as hedge accounting
Foreign exchange and interest rate risk
CDI & TJLP vs. US$ fixed and floating rate swap 2,803 (2,359 ) (338 ) (879 ) — —
IPCA swap 241 (150 ) 5 20 — —
Eurobonds swap (30 ) (338 ) (524 ) (39 ) — —
Euro forward (42 ) — — — — —
Pre dollar swap 244 (235 ) (301 ) (11 ) — —
3,216 (3,082 ) (1,158 ) (909 ) — —
Commodities price risk
Nickel (143 ) (57 ) (104 ) (79 ) — —
Bunker oil 466 84 (1,737 ) (382 ) — —
323 27 (1,841 ) (461 ) — —
Others 470 (222 ) — — — —
470 (222 ) — — — —
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedge accounting
Bunker oil — (634 ) (203 ) (646 ) — 832
Foreign exchange (10 ) (72 ) (10 ) (72 ) 10 28
(10 ) (706 ) (213 ) (718 ) 10 860
Total 3,999 (3,983 ) (3,212 ) (2,088 ) 10 860

The Company recognized as operating income and financial results the loss of R$291 and gain of R$699 for the three-months period ended June 30, 2015, and R$634 and R$3,349 of losses for the six-month ended June 30, 2015. In 2016, all derivatives impacts were charged to financial results.

The maturity dates of the derivative financial instruments are as follows:

Last maturity dates
Currencies and interest rates July 2023
Bunker oil December 2016
Nickel August 2018
Others December 2027

*Additional information about derivatives financial instruments*

The risk of the derivatives portfolio is measured using the delta-Normal parametric approach, and considers that the future distribution of the risk factors and its correlations tends to present the same statistic properties verified in the historical data. The value at risk estimate considers a 95% confidence level for a one-business day time horizon.

There was no cash amount deposited as margin call regarding derivative positions on June 30, 2016. The derivative positions described in this document did not have initial costs associated.

The following tables detail the derivatives positions for Vale and its controlled companies as of June 30, 2016, with the following information: notional amount, fair value including credit risk, gains or losses in the period, value at risk and the fair value breakdown by year of maturity.

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*a) Foreign exchange and interest rates derivative positions*

*(i) Protection programs for the R$ denominated debt instruments*

In order to reduce cash flow volatility, swap transactions were implemented to convert into US$ the cash flows from certain debt instruments denominated in R$ with interest rates linked mainly to CDI, TJLP and IPCA. In those swaps, Vale pays fixed or floating rates in US$ and receives payments in R$ linked to the interest rates of the protected debt instruments.

The swap transactions were negotiated over-the-counter and the protected items are the cash flows from debt instruments linked to R$. These programs transform into US$ the obligations linked to R$ to achieve a currency offset in the Company’s cash flows, by matching its receivables - mainly linked to US$ - with its payables.

Financial settlement
Notional Fair value Inflows (Outflows) Value at Risk Fair value by year
Flow June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Index Average rate June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 June 30, 2016 June 30, 2016 2016 2017 2018 2019+
CDI vs. US$ fixed rate swap (1,734 ) (3,059 ) 227 156 (1,228 ) 48 (554 ) —
Receivable R$ 5,739 R$ 5,239 CDI 107.41 %
Payable US$ 2,427 US$ 2,288 Fix 3.47 %
TJLP vs. US$ fixed rate swap (2,147 ) (3,965 ) (561 ) 217 (164 ) (692 ) (335 ) (957 )
Receivable R$ 5,096 R$ 5,484 TJLP+ 1.33 %
Payable US$ 2,251 US$ 2,611 Fix 1.72 %
TJLP vs. US$ floating rate swap (164 ) (245 ) (4 ) 15 (3 ) (9 ) (13 ) (139 )
Receivable R$ 256 R$ 267 TJLP+ 0.92 %
Payable US$ 148 US$ 156 Libor+ -1.21 %
R$ fixed rate vs. US$ fixed rate swap (99 ) (644 ) (300 ) 77 (52 ) (14 ) 36 (69 )
Receivable R$ 1,128 R$ 1,356 Fix 7.32 %
Payable US$ 391 US$ 528 Fix -0.83 %
IPCA vs. US$ fixed rate swap (178 ) (411 ) 5 36 — 20 16 (214 )
Receivable R$ 1,000 R$ 1,000 IPCA+ 6.55 %
Payable US$ 434 US$ 434 Fix 3.98 %
IPCA vs. CDI swap 51 6 — 1 (80 ) (59 ) (34 ) 224
Receivable R$ 1,350 R$ 1,350 IPCA+ 6.62 %
Payable US$ 1,350 US$ 1,350 CDI 98.58 %

*(ii) Protection program for EUR denominated debt instruments*

In order to reduce the cash flow volatility, swap and forward transactions were implemented to convert into US$ the cash flows from certain debt instruments issued in Euros by Vale. In those swaps, Vale receives fixed rates in EUR and pays fixed rates in US$. And in those forwards only the principal amount of the debt is converted from EUR to US$.

The swap and forward transactions were negotiated over-the-counter and the protected items are the cash flows from debt instruments linked to EUR. The financial settlement inflows/outflows are offset by the protected items’ losses/gains due to EUR/US$ exchange rate.

Flow Notional — June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Index Average rate Fair value — June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Financial settlement Inflows (Outflows) — June 30, 2016 Value at Risk — June 30, 2016 Fair value by year — 2016 2017 2018 2019+
EUR fixed rate vs. US$ fixed rate swap (125 ) (683 ) (524 ) 33 — (18 ) (16 ) (91 )
Receivable € 500 € 1,000 Fix 3.75 %
Payable US$ 613 US$ 1,302 Fix 4.29 %
Flow Notional — June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Bought / — Sold Average rate — (USD/EUR) Fair value — June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Financial settlement Inflows (Outflows) — June 30, 2016 Value at Risk — June 30, 2016 Fair value by year — 2016 2017
Forward € 500 — B 1.143 (39 ) — — 20.1 — (39 )

*(iii) Foreign exchange hedging program for disbursements in CAD*

In order to reduce the cash flow volatility, forward transactions were implemented to mitigate the foreign exchange exposure that arises from the currency mismatch between revenues denominated in US$ and disbursements denominated in CAD.

The forward transactions were negotiated over-the-counter and the protected item is part of the CAD denominated disbursements. The financial settlement inflows/outflows are offset by the protected items’ losses/gains due to CAD/US$ exchange rate. This program is classified under the hedge accounting requirements, and it was settled in this quarter.

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Notional Bought / Average rate Fair value Financial settlement — Inflows (Outflows) Value at Risk Fair value — by year
Flow June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Sold (CAD / USD) June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 June 30, 2016 June 30, 2016 2016
Forward — CAD 10 B 1.028 — (10 ) — — —

*b) Commodities derivative positions*

*(i) Bunker Oil purchase cash flows protection program*

In order to reduce the impact of bunker oil price fluctuation on maritime freight hiring/supply and, consequently, reducing the company’s cash flow volatility, bunker oil derivatives were implemented. These transactions are usually executed through forward purchases and zero cost-collars.

The derivative transactions were negotiated over-the-counter and the protected item is part of the Vale’s costs linked to bunker oil prices. The financial settlement inflows/outflows are offset by the protected items’ losses/gains due to bunker oil prices changes.

Notional (ton) Bought / Average strike Fair value Financial Settlement — Inflows (Outflows) Value at Risk Fair value — by year
Flow June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Sold (US$/ton) June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 June 30, 2016 June 30, 2016 2016
Bunker Oil protection
Forwards 705,000 1,867,500 B 511 (577 ) (2,252 ) (1,195 ) 27 (577 )
Call options 1,080,000 2,041,500 B 380 6.0 0.1 — 2.5 6.0
Put options 1,080,000 2,041,500 S 300 (184 ) (1,158 ) (542 ) 30 (184 )
Total (755 ) (3,410 ) (755 )

As at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, excludes R$252 and R$397, respectively, of transactions in which the financial settlement occurs subsequently of the closing month.

*(ii) Protection programs for base metals raw materials and products*

In the operational protection program for nickel sales at fixed prices, derivatives transactions were implemented to convert into floating prices the contracts with clients that required a fixed price, in order to keep nickel revenues exposed to nickel price fluctuations. Those operations are usually implemented through the purchase of nickel forwards.

In the operational protection program for the purchase of raw materials and products, derivatives transactions were implemented, usually through the sale of nickel and copper forward or futures, in order to reduce the mismatch between the pricing period of purchases (concentrate, cathode, sinter, scrap and others) and the pricing period of the final product sales to the clients.

The derivative transactions are negotiated at London Metal Exchange or over-the-counter and the protected item is part of Vale’s revenues and costs linked to nickel and copper prices. The financial settlement inflows/outflows are offset by the protected items’ losses/gains due to nickel and copper prices changes.

Flow Notional (ton) — June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Bought / — Sold Average strike — (US$/ton) Fair value — June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Financial Settlement Inflows (Outflows) — June 30, 2016 Value at Risk — June 30, 2016 Fair value by year — 2016 2017 2018
Fixed prices sales protection
Nickel forwards 14,545 16,917 B 10,429 (42 ) (180 ) (102 ) 14 (29 ) (17 ) 4
Raw materials purchase protection
Nickel forwards 178 118 S 8,813 (0.3 ) 0.4 0.4 0.2 (0.3 ) — —
Copper forwards 581 385 S 4,774 (0.1 ) 0.4 0.3 0.2 (0.1 ) — —
Total (0.5 ) 0.7 (0.5 ) — —

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*c) Silver Wheaton Corp. warrants*

The company owns warrants of Silver Wheaton Corp. (SLW), a Canadian company with stocks negotiated in Toronto Stock Exchange and New York Stock Exchange. Such warrants configure American call options and were received as part of the payment regarding the sale of part of gold payable flows produced as a sub product from Salobo copper mine and some nickel mines in Sudbury.

Notional (quantity) Bought / Average strike Fair value Financial Settlement Inflows (Outflows) Value at Risk Fair value by year
Flow June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Sold (US$/share) June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 June 30, 2016 June 30, 2016 2023
Call options 10,000,000 10,000,000 B 65 116 28 — 21 116

*d) Call options from debentures*

The company has debentures in which lenders (related parties) have call options of a specified quantity of Ferrovia Norte Sul ordinary shares, later changed to VLI SA shares. The call option’s strike price is given by the debentures’ remaining notional in each exercise date.

Flow Notional (quantity) — June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Bought / — Sold Average strike — (R$/share) Fair value — June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Financial Settlement Inflows (Outflows) — June 30, 2016 Value at Risk — June 30, 2016 Fair value by year — 2027
Call options 140,239 140,239 S 8,570 (139 ) (152 ) — 9 (139 )

*e) Options related to Minerações Brasileiras Reunidas S.A. (“MBR”) shares*

The Company entered into a contract that has options related to MBR shares. Under certain restrictions and contingent conditions, which are beyond the holder’s control, such as illegality due to changes in the law, the contract has a clause that gives the holders (related parties) the right to sell back its stake to the Company. It this case, the Company could settle through cash or shares. On the other hand, the Company has the right to buy back this non-controlling interest in the subsidiary.

Notional (quantity, in millions) Bought / Average strike Fair value Financial Settlement Inflows (Outflows) Value at Risk Fair value by year
Flow June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Sold (R$/ação) June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 June 30, 2016 June 30, 2016 2016+
Options 2,139 2,139 B/S 1.9 402 57 — 33 402

*f) Embedded derivatives in commercial contracts*

The Company has some nickel concentrate and raw materials purchase agreements in which there are provisions based on nickel and copper future prices behavior. These provisions are considered as embedded derivatives.

Notional (ton) Bought / Average strike Fair value Financial Settlement Inflows (Outflows) Value at Risk Fair value by year
Flow June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Sold (US$/ton) June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 June 30, 2016 June 30, 2016 2016
Nickel Forward 4,983 3,877 S 8,543 (0.9 ) 11.7 (2.1 )
Copper Forward 3,937 5,939 S 4,653 (1.3 ) 7.7 1.0
Total (2.2 ) 19.4 — 5.7 (1.1 )

The Company has also a natural gas purchase agreement in which there’s a clause that defines that a premium can be charged if the Company’s pellet sales prices trade above a pre-defined level. This clause is considered an embedded derivative.

Flow Notional (volume/month) — June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Bought / — Sold Average strike — (US$/ton) Fair value — June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Financial Settlement Inflows (Outflows) — June 30, 2016 Value at Risk — June 30, 2016 Fair value by year — 2016 2017 2018+
Call options 746,667 746,667 S 179 (4.2 ) — — 2.7 (0.0 ) (0.1 ) (4.1 )

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*g) Sensitivity analysis of derivative financial instruments*

The following tables present the potential value of the instruments given hypothetical stress scenarios for the main market risk factors that impact the derivatives positions. The scenarios were defined as follows:

  • Scenario I : fair value calculation considering market prices as of June 30, 2016

  • Scenario II : fair value estimated considering a 25% deterioration in the associated risk variables

  • Scenario III : fair value estimated considering a 50% deterioration in the associated risk variables

Instrument Instrument’s main risk events Scenario I Scenario II Scenario III
CDI vs. US$ fixed rate swap R$ depreciation (1.734 ) (3.718 ) (5.702 )
US$ interest rate inside Brazil decrease (1.734 ) (1.770 ) (1.806 )
Brazilian interest rate increase (1.734 ) (1.741 ) (1.749 )
Protected item: R$ denominated debt R$ depreciation n.a. — —
TJLP vs. US$ fixed rate swap R$ depreciation (2.147 ) (3.895 ) (5.643 )
US$ interest rate inside Brazil decrease (2.147 ) (2.258 ) (2.374 )
Brazilian interest rate increase (2.147 ) (2.377 ) (2.585 )
TJLP interest rate decrease (2.147 ) (2.300 ) (2.459 )
Protected item: R$ denominated debt R$ depreciation n.a. — —
TJLP vs. US$ floating rate swap R$ depreciation (164 ) (271 ) (377 )
US$ interest rate inside Brazil decrease (164 ) (174 ) (184 )
Brazilian interest rate increase (164 ) (179 ) (193 )
TJLP interest rate decrease (164 ) (174 ) (185 )
Protected item: R$ denominated debt R$ depreciation n.a. — —
R$ fixed rate vs. US$ fixed rate swap R$ depreciation (99 ) (417 ) (735 )
US$ interest rate inside Brazil decrease (99 ) (145 ) (195 )
Brazilian interest rate increase (99 ) (202 ) (290 )
Protected item: R$ denominated debt R$ depreciation n.a. — —
IPCA vs. US$ fixed rate swap R$ depreciation (178 ) (550 ) (922 )
US$ interest rate inside Brazil decrease (178 ) (207 ) (237 )
Brazilian interest rate increase (178 ) (282 ) (374 )
IPCA index decrease (178 ) (230 ) (280 )
Protected item: R$ denominated debt R$ depreciation n.a. — —
IPCA vs. CDI swap Brazilian interest rate increase 51 (110 ) (247 )
IPCA index decrease 51 (30 ) (107 )
Protected item: R$ denominated debt linked to IPCA IPCA index decrease n.a. 30 107
EUR fixed rate vs. US$ fixed rate swap EUR depreciation (125 ) (685 ) (1.246 )
Euribor increase (125 ) (139 ) (153 )
US$ Libor decrease (125 ) (162 ) (201 )
Protected item: EUR denominated debt EUR depreciation n.a. 685 1.246
EUR Forward EUR depreciation (39 ) (485 ) (931 )
Euribor increase (39 ) (40 ) (42 )
US$ Libor decrease (39 ) (41 ) (43 )
Protected item: EUR denominated debt EUR depreciation n.a. 485 931

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Instrument Instrument’s main risk events Scenario I Scenario II Scenario III
Bunker Oil protection
Forwards and options Bunker Oil price decrease (755 ) (1.093 ) (1.453 )
Protected item: Part of costs linked to bunker oil prices Bunker Oil price decrease n.a. 1.093 1.453
Nickel sales fixed price protection
Forwards Nickel price decrease (42 ) (153 ) (263 )
Protected item: Part of nickel revenues with fixed prices Nickel price fluctuation n.a. 153 263
Purchase protection program
Nickel forwards Nickel price increase (0,3 ) (1,7 ) (3,0 )
Protected item: Part of costs linked to nickel prices Nickel price increase n.a. 1,7 3,0
Copper forwards Copper price increase (0,1 ) (2,4 ) (4,7 )
Protected item: Part of costs linked to copper prices Copper price increase n.a. 2,4 4,7
SLW warrants SLW stock price decrease 116 15 (67 )
VLI call options VLI stock value increase (139 ) (220 ) (304 )
Options regarding non-controlling interest in subsidiary Subsidiary stock value decrease 402 153 (33 )
Instrument Main risks Scenario I Scenario II Scenario III
Embedded derivatives - Raw material purchase (nickel) Nickel price increase (1 ) (37 ) (72 )
Embedded derivatives - Raw material purchase (copper) Copper price increase (1 ) (16 ) (31 )
Embedded derivatives - Gas purchase Pellet price increase (4 ) (8 ) (15 )

*h) Financial counterparties’ ratings*

The transactions of derivative instruments, cash and cash equivalents as well as investments are held with financial institutions whose exposure limits are periodically reviewed and approved by the delegated authority. The financial institutions credit risk is performed through a methodology that considers, among other information, ratings provided by international rating agencies.

The table below presents the ratings in foreign currency published by agencies Moody’s and S&P regarding the main financial institutions that we had outstanding positions as of June 30, 2016.

Long term ratings by counterparty Moody’s S&P
ANZ Australia and New Zealand Banking Aa2 AA-
Banco Bradesco Ba3 BB
Banco de Credito del Peru Baa1 BBB
Banco do Brasil Ba3 BB
Banco do Nordeste Ba3 BB
Banco Safra Ba3 BB
Banco Santander Ba3 BB
Banco Votorantim Ba3 BB
Bank of America Baa1 BBB+
Bank of Nova Scotia Aa3 A+
Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ A1 A
Banpara Ba3 BB-
Barclays Baa3 BBB
BBVA A3 BBB+
BNP Paribas A1 A
BTG Pactual Ba3 B+
Caixa Economica Federal Ba3 BB
Citigroup Baa1 BBB+
Credit Agricole A2 A
Deutsche Bank A3 BBB+
Goldman Sachs A3 BBB+
HSBC A1 A
Intesa Sanpaolo Spa A3 BBB-
Itau Unibanco Ba3 BB
JP Morgan Chase & Co A3 A-
Macquarie Group Ltd A3 BBB
Morgan Stanley A3 BBB+
National Australia Bank NAB Aa2 AA-
Royal Bank of Canada Aa3 AA-
Societe Generale A2 A
Standard Bank Group Baa3 —
Standard Chartered A1 BBB+

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*i) Market curves*

The curves used on the pricing of derivatives instruments were developed based on data from BM&F Bovespa, Central Bank of Brazil, London Metals Exchange and Bloomberg.

*(i) Products*

*Nickel*

Maturity Price (US$/ton) Maturity Price (US$/ton) Maturity Price (US$/ton)
SPOT 9,415 DEC16 9,488 JUN17 9,556
JUL16 9,416 JAN17 9,502 JUN18 9,671
AUG16 9,433 FEB17 9,515 JUN19 9,773
SEP16 9,447 MAR17 9,527 JUN20 9,860
OCT16 9,462 APR17 9,536
NOV16 9,476 MAY17 9,547
Copper — Maturity Price (US$/lb) Maturity Price (US$/lb) Maturity Price (US$/lb)
SPOT 2.20 DEC16 2.20 JUN17 2.20
JUL16 2.20 JAN17 2.20 JUN18 2.22
AUG16 2.20 FEB17 2.20 JUN19 2.22
SEP16 2.20 MAR17 2.20 JUN20 2.24
OCT16 2.20 APR17 2.20
NOV16 2.20 MAY17 2.20
Bunker Oil — Maturity Price (US$/ton) Maturity Price (US$/ton) Maturity Price (US$/ton)
SPOT 257 DEC16 253 JUN17 263
JUL16 254 JAN17 255 JUN18 281
AUG16 250 FEB17 257 JUN19 295
SEP16 250 MAR17 259 JUN20 310
OCT16 250 APR17 260
NOV16 252 MAY17 262

*(ii) Foreign exchange and interest rates*

*US$-Brazil Interest Rate*

Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.)
08/01/16 3.54 06/01/17 2.80 10/01/19 3.52
09/01/16 3.12 07/03/17 2.80 01/02/20 3.67
10/03/16 2.90 10/02/17 2.89 04/01/20 3.72
11/01/16 2.80 01/02/18 2.96 07/01/20 3.86
12/01/16 2.72 04/02/18 3.03 10/01/20 4.03
01/02/17 2.69 07/02/18 3.10 01/04/21 4.14
02/01/17 2.69 10/01/18 3.21 04/01/21 4.25
03/01/17 2.71 01/02/19 3.28 07/01/21 4.35
04/03/17 2.73 04/01/19 3.39 01/03/22 4.63
05/02/17 2.77 07/01/19 3.46 01/02/23 5.09
US$ Interest Rate — Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.)
1M 0.47 6M 0.67 11M 0.68
2M 0.55 7M 0.67 12M 0.68
3M 0.65 8M 0.67 2Y 0.74
4M 0.66 9M 0.68 3Y 0.81
5M 0.67 10M 0.68 4Y 0.90
TJLP — Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.)
08/01/16 7.50 06/01/17 7.50 10/01/19 7.50
09/01/16 7.50 07/03/17 7.50 01/02/20 7.50
10/03/16 7.50 10/02/17 7.50 04/01/20 7.50
11/01/16 7.50 01/02/18 7.50 07/01/20 7.50
12/01/16 7.50 04/02/18 7.50 10/01/20 7.50
01/02/17 7.50 07/02/18 7.50 01/04/21 7.50
02/01/17 7.50 10/01/18 7.50 04/01/21 7.50
03/01/17 7.50 01/02/19 7.50 07/01/21 7.50
04/03/17 7.50 04/01/19 7.50 01/03/22 7.50
05/02/17 7.50 07/01/19 7.50 01/02/23 7.50

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BRL Interest Rate — Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.)
08/01/16 14.11 06/01/17 13.43 10/01/19 12.30
09/01/16 14.11 07/03/17 13.34 01/02/20 12.24
10/03/16 14.10 10/02/17 13.11 04/01/20 12.22
11/01/16 14.06 01/02/18 12.88 07/01/20 12.21
12/01/16 14.03 04/02/18 12.74 10/01/20 12.20
01/02/17 13.92 07/02/18 12.61 01/04/21 12.15
02/01/17 13.80 10/01/18 12.53 04/01/21 12.16
03/01/17 13.72 01/02/19 12.41 07/01/21 12.16
04/03/17 13.64 04/01/19 12.35 01/03/22 12.17
05/02/17 13.55 07/01/19 12.33 01/02/23 12.24

*Implicit Inflation (IPCA)*

Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.)
08/01/16 6.93 06/01/17 6.29 10/01/19 5.48
09/01/16 6.93 07/03/17 6.21 01/02/20 5.43
10/03/16 6.93 10/02/17 6.12 04/01/20 5.42
11/01/16 6.88 01/02/18 5.98 07/01/20 5.42
12/01/16 6.86 04/02/18 5.87 10/01/20 5.43
01/02/17 6.76 07/02/18 5.76 01/04/21 5.39
02/01/17 6.64 10/01/18 5.68 04/01/21 5.41
03/01/17 6.56 01/02/19 5.57 07/01/21 5.43
04/03/17 6.49 04/01/19 5.51 01/03/22 5.47
05/02/17 6.41 07/01/19 5.50 01/02/23 5.60

*EUR Interest Rate*

Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.)
1M -0.36 6M -0.23 11M -0.20
2M -0.32 7M -0.22 12M -0.20
3M -0.29 8M -0.21 2Y -0.07
4M -0.26 9M -0.21 3Y -0.03
5M -0.24 10M -0.20 4Y -0.01

*CAD Interest Rate*

Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.)
1M 0.88 6M 1.01 11M 0.88
2M 0.88 7M 0.97 12M 0.87
3M 0.88 8M 0.94 2Y 0.86
4M 0.94 9M 0.92 3Y 0.88
5M 0.98 10M 0.90 4Y 0.90

*Currencies - Ending rates*

CAD/US$ 0.7682 US$/BRL 3.2098 EUR/US$ 1.1103

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*20. Stockholders’ equity*

*a) Share capital*

At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the share capital was R$77,300 corresponding to 5,244,316,120 shares issued and fully paid without par value.

June 30, 2016 — ON PNA Total
Stockholders
Valepar S.A. 1,716,435,045 20,340,000 1,736,775,045
Brazilian Government (Golden Share) — 12 12
Foreign investors - ADRs 789,507,484 657,055,684 1,446,563,168
FMP - FGTS 76,647,018 — 76,647,018
PIBB - BNDES 1,185,752 1,028,029 2,213,781
BNDESPar 206,378,882 66,185,272 272,564,154
Foreign institutional investors in local market 268,445,614 730,516,782 998,962,396
Institutional investors 85,718,256 120,989,909 206,708,165
Retail investors in Brazil 41,334,949 371,606,238 412,941,187
Shares outstanding 3,185,653,000 1,967,721,926 5,153,374,926
Shares in treasury 31,535,402 59,405,792 90,941,194
Total issued shares 3,217,188,402 2,027,127,718 5,244,316,120
Amounts per class of shares (in millions) 47,421 29,879 77,300
Total authorized shares 3,600,000,000 7,200,000,000 10,800,000,000

*b) Basic and diluted earnings per share*

Basic and diluted earnings per share are as follows:

Three-months period ended June 30 — 2016 2015 Six-months period ended June 30 — 2016 2015
Net income (loss) attributable to Vale’s stockholders 3,585 5,144 9,896 (4,395 )
Basic and diluted earnings per share:
Income (loss) available to preferred stockholders 1,369 1,964 3,779 (1,678 )
Income (loss) available to common stockholders 2,216 3,180 6,117 (2,717 )
Total 3,585 5,144 9,896 (4,395 )
Thousands of shares
Weighted average number of shares outstanding - preferred shares 1,967,722 1,967,722 1,967,722 1,967,722
Weighted average number of shares outstanding - common shares 3,185,653 3,185,653 3,185,653 3,185,653
Total 5,153,375 5,153,375 5,153,375 5,153,375
Basic and diluted earnings per share
Preferred share 0.70 1.00 1.92 (0.85 )
Common share 0.70 1.00 1.92 (0.85 )

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*21. Costs and expenses by nature*

*a) Cost of goods sold and services rendered*

Consolidated — Three-months period ended June 30 Six-months period ended June 30
2016 2015 2016 2015
Personnel 2,092 1,941 4,037 3,509
Materials and services 4,049 3,045 7,123 5,904
Fuel oil and gas 1,106 1,086 2,299 1,973
Maintenance 2,265 2,130 4,685 4,039
Energy 670 529 1,305 943
Acquisition of products 511 763 837 1,467
Depreciation and depletion 3,037 2,714 6,196 5,367
Freight 2,132 2,638 4,052 4,906
Others 929 1,122 2,724 2,848
Total 16,791 15,968 33,258 30,956
Cost of goods sold 16,380 15,542 32,431 30,110
Cost of services rendered 411 426 827 846
Total 16,791 15,968 33,258 30,956

*b) Selling and administrative expenses*

Consolidated — Three-months period ended June 30 Six-months period ended June 30
2016 2015 2016 2015
Personnel 204 223 403 462
Services (consulting, infrastructure and others) 63 77 124 158
Advertising and publicity 6 8 10 16
Depreciation and amortization 116 103 205 185
Travel expenses 9 9 14 17
Taxes and rents 10 11 25 28
Others 85 57 177 177
Total 493 488 958 1,043

*c) Others operational expenses (incomes), net*

Consolidated
Three-months period ended June 30 Six-months period ended June 30
2016 2015 2016 2015
Provision for litigation 224 126 346 73
Provision for loss with VAT credits (ICMS) 19 194 136 313
Provision (reversals) for disposal of materials and inventories (22 ) 97 (351 ) 282
Gold stream transaction — — — (722 )
Insurance and externalities 116 22 194 59
Result on sale or disposal of property, plant and equipment and intangible 104 (47 ) 144 —
Others 125 230 231 437
Total 566 622 700 442

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*22. Financial result*

Consolidated
Three-months period ended June 30 Six-months period ended June 30
2016 2015 2016 2015
Financial expenses
Loans and borrowings gross interest (1,586 ) (1,246 ) (3,197 ) (2,365 )
Capitalized loans and borrowing costs 749 545 1,439 1,101
Labor, tax and civil lawsuits (1 ) (53 ) (82 ) (147 )
Derivative financial instruments (575 ) (267 ) (803 ) (4,316 )
Indexation and exchange rate variation (a) (3,625 ) (1,934 ) (7,904 ) (17,846 )
Participative stockholders’ debentures (312 ) 1,107 (763 ) 1,828
Expenses of REFIS (454 ) (439 ) (902 ) (848 )
Others (540 ) (575 ) (1,112 ) (898 )
(6,344 ) (2,862 ) (13,324 ) (23,491 )
Financial income
Short-term investments 95 65 259 139
Derivative financial instruments 3,148 966 4,802 967
Indexation and exchange rate variation (b) 10,149 3,431 20,014 10,210
Others 25 24 95 121
13,417 4,486 25,170 11,437
Financial results, net 7,073 1,624 11,846 (12,054 )
Summary of indexation and exchange rate variation
Loans and borrowings 9,509 2,735 19,101 (12,355 )
Others (2,985 ) (1,238 ) (6,991 ) 4,719
Net (a) + (b) 6,524 1,497 12,110 (7,636 )

*23. Commitments*

*a) Base metals operations*

In December 2015, the put option related to the dilution of Sumic Nickel Netherland B.V. (“Sumic”) interest in Vale Nouvelle-Calédonie S.A.S. (“VNC”) was automatically triggered.

In March 2016, Vale Canada Limited purchased the equity interest held by Sumic in VNC for R$ 480 (US$135).

*b) Operating lease and purchase obligations*

The future payment commitments for operating lease and purchase obligations are as follows:

2016 170
2017 196
2018 206
2019 177
2020 and thereafter 186
Total minimum payments required 935

*c) Guarantees provided*

As of June 30, 2016, corporate guarantees provided by Vale (within the limit of its direct or indirect interest) for the companies Norte Energia S.A. and Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecém S.A. totaled R$1.125 and R$4.228 respectively.

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*24. Related parties*

Transactions with related parties are made by the Company at arm´s-length, observing the price and usual market conditions and therefore do not generate any undue benefit to their counterparties or loss to the Company.

In the normal course of operations, Vale enters into contracts with related parties (associates, joint ventures and stockholders), related to the sale and purchase of products and services, loans, derivatives, leasing of assets, sale of raw material and railway transportation services.

The balances of these related party transactions and their effects on the financial statements are as follows:

Assets
Consolidated
June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015
Cash and cash equivalents Derivative financial instruments Accounts receivable Related parties Cash and cash equivalents Derivative financial instruments Accounts receivable Related parties
Banco Bradesco S.A. 157 1,072 — — 144 258 — —
Banco do Brasil S.A. 520 125 — — 1,544 62 — —
Baovale Mineração S.A. — — — — — — — 4
Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização — — — 45 — — — 22
Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização — — 7 — — — 3 14
Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização — — — — — — — 33
Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização — — — 71 — — — 35
Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecem — — 80 — — — — —
Consórcio de Rebocadores da Baia de São Marcos — — 39 — — — 60 —
Ferrovia Norte Sul S.A. — — 26 — — — 12 —
Mitsui & Co., Ltd. — — 9 — — — 5 —
MRS Logística S.A. — — — 61 — — — 65
VLI Multimodal S.A. — — 18 — — — 36 —
VLI Operações Portuárias S.A. — — 43 — — — 99 —
VLI S.A. — — — 38 — — — 39
Others — — 55 13 — — 91 66
Total 677 1,197 277 228 1,688 320 306 278
Liabilities
Consolidated
June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015
Others liabilities Derivative financial instruments Related parties Loans and borrowings Others liabilities Derivative financial instruments Related parties Loans and borrowings
Aliança Geração de Energia S.A. 38 — 174 — 43 — — —
Banco Bradesco S.A. 424 1.098 — 562 212 800 — 1.445
Banco do Brasil S.A. — 664 — 9.475 — 976 — 10.250
Baovale Mineração S.A. 57 — — — 29 — — —
BNDES — 138 — 14.951 — 152 — 15.877
BNDES Participações S.A. — — — 1.399 — — — 1.449
Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização 216 — 110 — 15 — 273 —
Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização 74 — 68 — 143 — 26 —
Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização 70 — 161 — 12 — 252 —
Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização 209 — 207 — 34 — 436 —
Consórcio de Rebocadores Baia da São Marcos — — — — 30 — — —
Ferrovia Centro Atlântica S.A. — — 266 — — — 266 —
Mitsui & Co., Ltd. 42 — — — 41 — —
MRS Logística S.A. 37 — — — 91 — — —
Sumic Nickel Netherland B.V. — — 1.162 — — — 1.374 —
VLI S.A. 2 — 218 — — — — —
Others 7 — 23 — 93 — 59 —
Total 1.176 1.900 2.389 26.387 743 1.928 2.686 29.021

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Consolidated
Three-months period ended June 30
2016 2015
Net operating revenue Costs and expenses Financial result Net operating revenue Costs and expenses Financial result
Banco Bradesco S.A. (i) — — 486 — — 31
Banco do Brasil S.A. (i) — — (166 ) — — 38
Baovale Mineração S.A. — (18 ) — — (47 ) —
BNDES (i) — — (358 ) — — (58 )
BNDES Participações S.A. (i) — — (49 ) — — (4 )
Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização — (62 ) — — (57 ) —
Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização — (30 ) — — (27 ) —
Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização — (44 ) — — (44 ) —
Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização — (70 ) — — (78 ) —
Companhia Siderúrgica do Atlântico — (21 ) — — — —
Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecem 53 — — — — —
Ferrovia Centro Atlântica S.A. 40 (25 ) — 38 (29 ) —
Ferrovia Norte Sul S.A. 22 — — — — —
Mitsui & Co., Ltd. 147 — — 155 — —
MRS Logística S.A. — (489 ) — — (433 ) —
Samarco Mineração S.A. — — — 176 — —
VLI Operações Portuárias S.A. 135 (11 ) — — — —
VLI S.A. 111 — — 209 — —
Others 3 (30 ) — 37 (36 ) (7 )
Total 511 (800 ) (87 ) 615 (751 ) —

(i) Does not include exchange rate variation

Consolidated
Six-months period ended June 30
2016 2015
Net operating revenue Costs and expenses Financial result Net operating revenue Costs and expenses Financial result
Banco Bradesco S.A. (i) — — 428 — — (168 )
Banco do Brasil S.A. (i) — — (298 ) — — (368 )
Baovale Mineração S.A. — (30 ) — — (60 ) —
BNDES (i) — — (528 ) — — (108 )
BNDES Participações S.A. (i) — — (73 ) — — (32 )
Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização — (131 ) — — (103 ) —
Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização — (71 ) — — (63 ) —
Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização — (81 ) — — (83 ) —
Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização — (197 ) — — (150 ) —
Companhia Siderúrgica do Atlântico — (21 ) — — — —
Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecem 116 — — — — —
Ferrovia Centro Atlântica S.A. 69 (44 ) (2 ) 73 (62 ) —
Ferrovia Norte Sul S.A. 39 — — — — —
Mitsui & Co., Ltd. 226 — — 325 — —
MRS Logística S.A. — (729 ) — — (775 ) —
Samarco Mineração S.A. 1 — — 266 — —
VLI Operações Portuárias S.A. 249 (11 ) — — — —
VLI S.A. 218 — — 387 — —
Others 40 (65 ) — 100 (70 ) 4
Total 958 (1,380 ) (473 ) 1,151 (1,366 ) (672 )

(i) Does not include exchange rate variation

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*25. Select notes to Parent Company information (individual interim information)*

*(a) Investments*

Parent company — 2016 2015
Balance at January 1st 127,517 118,628
Acquisitions (i) — 1,819
Additions 1,282 940
Capitalizations 5 —
Translation adjustment (14,304 ) 10,964
Equity results in income statement 4,652 (1,757 )
Equity results in statement of comprehensive income (618 ) 920
Dividends declared (1,157 ) (341 )
Transfer to held for sale — 52
Others (26 ) (30 )
Balance at June 30, 117,351 131,195

(i) Refers to Aliança Geração transaction, see note 6.

*(b) Intangible*

Parent company — Concessions (i) Right of use (i) Software (i) Total
Balance at December 31, 2015 7,084 123 1,350 8,557
Additions (ii) 2,973 — 18 2,991
Disposals (18 ) — — (18 )
Amortization (258 ) (3 ) (253 ) (514 )
Balance at June 30, 2016 9,781 120 1,115 11,016
Cost 13,151 223 4,015 17,389
Accumulated amortization (3,370 ) (103 ) (2,900 ) (6,373 )
9,781 120 1,115 11,016
Parent company — Concessions (i) Right of use (i) Software (i) Total
Balance at December 31, 2014 5,876 129 1,462 7,467
Additions 1,073 — 266 1,339
Disposals (48 ) — — (48 )
Amortization (242 ) (4 ) (253 ) (499 )
Balance at June 30, 2015 6,659 125 1,475 8,259
Cost 10,078 223 3,868 14,169
Accumulated amortization (3,419 ) (98 ) (2,393 ) (5,910 )
6,659 125 1,475 8,259

(i) Finite useful life.

(ii) Refers mainly duplication the Carajás Railroad.

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*(c) Property, plant and equipment*

Parent company — Land Building Facilities Equipment Mineral properties Others Constructions in progress Total
Balance at December 31, 2015 1,672 19,546 19,379 8,371 4,215 14,203 29,501 96,887
Additions (i) — — — — — — 3,776 3,776
Disposals — — (1 ) (8 ) — (22 ) (60 ) (91 )
Depreciation and amortization — (307 ) (468 ) (535 ) (102 ) (654 ) — (2,066 )
Assets retirement obligations — — — — 144 — — 144
Transfers 8 1,281 (60 ) 503 (68 ) (171 ) (1,493 ) —
Balance at June 30, 2016 1,680 20,520 18,850 8,331 4,189 13,356 31,724 98,650
Cost 1,680 23,719 25,090 13,780 5,538 20,671 31,724 122,202
Accumulated depreciation — (3,199 ) (6,240 ) (5,449 ) (1,349 ) (7,315 ) — (23,552 )
1,680 20,520 18,850 8,331 4,189 13,356 31,724 98,650
Parent company — Land Building Facilities Equipment Mineral properties Others Constructions in progress Total
Balance at December 31, 2014 1,452 13,364 17,337 7,097 4,396 9,820 33,855 87,321
Additions (i) — — — — — — 5,733 5,733
Disposals — (10 ) (8 ) (52 ) — (25 ) — (95 )
Depreciation and amortization — (238 ) (431 ) (473 ) (172 ) (550 ) — (1,864 )
Transfers 143 3,430 1,377 1,390 7 2,179 (8,526 ) —
Balance at June 30, 2015 1,595 16,546 18,275 7,962 4,231 11,424 31,062 91,095
Cost 1,595 18,983 23,649 12,526 5,258 18,009 31,062 111,082
Accumulated depreciation — (2,437 ) (5,374 ) (4,564 ) (1,027 ) (6,585 ) — (19,987 )
1,595 16,546 18,275 7,962 4,231 11,424 31,062 91,095

(i) Includes capitalized borrowing costs, see cash flow.

*(d) Loans and borrowings*

Parent company — Current liabilities Non-current liabilities
June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015
Debt contracts in the international markets
Floating rates in:
US$ 442 567 13,931 16,829
Fixed rates in:
US$ 1,284 937 5,970 9,020
EUR — — 5,312 6,376
Accrued charges 326 479 — —
2,052 1,983 25,213 32,225
Debt contracts in Brazil
Floating rates in:
R$, indexed to TJLP, TR, IPCA, IGP-M and CDI 795 780 17,604 17,658
Basket of currencies and US$ indexed to LIBOR 1,017 1,125 4,104 5,227
Fixed rates in:
R$ 190 190 781 876
Accrued charges 876 658 — —
2,878 2,753 22,489 23,761
4,930 4,736 47,702 55,986

The future flows of debt payments (principal) are as follows:

Parent company
Debt principal
2016 1,223
2017 5,148
2018 12,354
2019 5,646
2020 7,590
2021 3,495
Between 2022 and 2025 10,537
2026 onwards 5,437
51,430

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*(e) Provisions for litigation*

Parent company — Tax litigation Civil litigation Labor litigation Environmental litigation Total of litigation provision
Balance at December 31, 2015 332 241 1,562 55 2,190
Additions 17 201 353 7 578
Reversals (41 ) (67 ) (160 ) (11 ) (279 )
Payments (275 ) (161 ) (233 ) — (669 )
Indexation and interest 12 92 9 — 113
Balance at June 30, 2016 45 306 1,531 51 1,933
Parent company — Tax litigation Civil litigation Labor litigation Environmental litigation Total of litigation provision
Balance at December 31, 2014 436 186 1,732 94 2,448
Additions 330 59 193 — 582
Reversals (500 ) (45 ) (94 ) — (639 )
Payments (24 ) (11 ) (73 ) (37 ) (145 )
Indexation and interest 130 47 (7 ) 6 176
Balance at June 30, 2015 372 236 1,751 63 2,422

*(f) Income taxes*

The total amount presented as income taxes in the income statement is reconciled to the rate established by law, as follows :

Parent company
Six-months period ended June 30
2016 2015
Net income (loss) before income taxes 16,431 (7,127 )
Income taxes at statutory rates - 34% (5,587 ) 2,423
Adjustments that affect the basis of taxes:
Income tax benefit from interest on stockholders’ equity — 1,054
Tax incentives 319
Equity results 1,582 (598 )
Reversals of tax loss carry forward (1,295 ) —
Others results in associates and joint ventures (1,269 ) —
Others (285 ) (147 )
Income taxes (6,535 ) 2,732

*(g) Related parties*

Parent company
Assets
June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015
Cash and cash equivalents Accounts receivable Derivative financial instruments Related parties Cash and cash equivalents Accounts receivable Derivative financial instruments Related parties
Banco Bradesco S.A. 55 — 1,072 — 44 — 258 —
Banco do Brasil S.A. 52 — 125 — 217 — 62 —
Biopalma da Amazônia S.A. — — — 1,044 — — — 1,360
Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização — — — 45 — — — 22
Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização — 7 — — — — — 14
Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização — — — — — — — 33
Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização — — — 71 — — — 35
Companhia Portuária Baía de Sepetiba — 1 — 120 — — — 119
Mineração Brasileiras Reunidas S.A. — — — 879 — — — 161
Mineração Corumbaense Reunidas S.A. — 45 — — — 51 — —
MRS Logística S.A. — — — 26 — — — 27
Salobo Metais S.A. — 15 — 119 — 22 — 155
Samarco Mineração S.A. — 1 — — — — — —
Vale International S.A. — 27,056 — 2 — 36,518 — 331
VLI Multimodal S.A. — 18 — — — 36 — —
VLI Operações Portuárias S.A. — 43 — — — 99 — —
VLI S.A. — — — 38 — — — 39
Others — 214 — 5 — 230 — 6
Total 107 27,400 1,197 2,349 261 36,956 320 2,302

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Parent company
Liabilities
June 30, 2016 December 31, 2015
Other liabilities Derivative financial instruments Related parties Loans and borrowings Other liabilities Derivative financial instruments Related parties Loans and borrowings
Aliança Geração de Energia S.A. 47 — 174 — 43 — — —
Banco Bradesco S.A. — 1,098 — 560 — 800 — 1,445
Banco do Brasil S.A. — 664 — 9,475 — 976 — 10,250
Baovale Mineração S.A. 57 — — — 29 — — —
BNDES — 138 — 13,448 — 152 — 14,405
BNDES Participações S.A. — — — 1,399 — — — 1,449
Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização 127 — — — 15 — — —
Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização 74 — — — 143 — — —
Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização 70 — — — 12 — — —
Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização 209 — — — 34 — — —
Companhia Portuária Baía de Sepetiba 609 — — — 484 — — —
Ferrovia Centro Atlântica S.A. — — 266 — — — 266 —
Mineração Brasileiras Reunidas S.A. 498 — 3,426 — 510 — 3,172 —
MRS Logística S.A. 37 — — — 91 — — —
Vale International S.A. 4 — 55,857 — 5 — 66,814 —
Others 141 — 560 — 257 — 359 —
Total 1,873 1,900 60,283 24,882 1,623 1,928 70,611 27,549
Parent company
Six-months period ended June 30
2016 2015
Net operating revenue Costs and expenses Financial result Net operating revenue Costs and expenses Financial result
Banco Bradesco S.A. (i) — — 424 — — (167 )
Banco do Brasil S.A. (i) — — (299 ) — — (368 )
Baovale Mineração S.A. — (31 ) — — (60 ) —
Biopalma da Amazônia S.A. — — (203 ) — — —
BNDES (i) — — (516 ) — — (99 )
BNDES Participações S.A. (i) — — (73 ) — — (32 )
Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização — (131 ) — — (103 ) —
Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização — (71 ) — — (63 ) —
Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização — (82 ) — — (83 ) —
Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização — (197 ) — — (150 ) —
Companhia Portuária Baía de Sepetiba — (395 ) — — (395 ) —
Companhia Siderúrgica do Atlântico — (21 ) — — — —
Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecem 116
Ferrovia Centro Atlântica S.A. 69 (44 ) (2 ) 73 (62 ) —
Mineração Brasileiras Reunidas S.A. — (761 ) (246 ) — (359 ) —
MRS Logística S.A. — (729 ) — — (775 ) —
Samarco Mineração S.A. 1 — — 266 — —
Vale International S.A. 17,811 — 3,464 17,004 — (996 )
VLI Operações Portuárias S.A. 249 (11 ) — — (13 ) —
VLI S.A. 218 — — 387 — —
Others 76 (5 ) 2 102 (153 ) 201
Total 18,540 (2,478 ) 2,551 17,832 (2,216 ) (1,461 )

(i) Does not include exchange rate variation

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*Members of the Board of Directors, Fiscal Council, Advisory Committees and Executive Officers*

Board of Directors
Governance and Sustainability Committee
Gueitiro Matsuo Genso Fernando Jorge Buso Gomes
Chairman Eduardo de Oliveira Rodrigues Filho
Ricardo Rodrigues Morgado
Sérgio Alexandre Figueiredo Clemente Ricardo Simonsen
Vice-President
Fiscal Council
Dan Antonio Marinho Conrado
Marcel Juviniano Barros Marcelo Amaral Moraes
Fernando Jorge Buso Gomes Chairman
Motomu Takahashi
Oscar Augusto de Camargo Filho Paulo José dos Reis Souza
Lucio Azevedo Sandro Kohler Marcondes
Alberto Guth Aníbal Moreira dos Santos
Raphael Manhães Martins
Marcelo Amaral Moraes
Alternate
Gilberto Antonio Vieira Alternate
Moacir Nachbar Junior Paula Bicudo de Castro Magalhães
Arthur Prado Silva Sergio Mamede Rosa do Nascimento
Francisco Ferreira Alexandre Oswaldo Mário Pego de Amorim Azevedo
Robson Rocha Julio Sergio de Souza Cardozo
Luiz Mauricio Leuzinger
Yoshitomo Nishimitsu Executive Officers
Eduardo de Oliveira Rodrigues Filho
Victor Guilherme Tito Murilo Pinto de Oliveira Ferreira
Carlos Roberto de Assis Ferreira Chief Executive Officer
Marcelo Gasparino
Vania Lucia Chaves Somavilla
Advisory Committees of the Board of Directors Executive Officer (Human Resources, Health & Safety, Sustainability and Energy)
Controlling Committee Luciano Siani Pires
Eduardo Cesar Pasa Executive Officer (Finance and Investors Relations)
Moacir Nachbar Junior
Oswaldo Mário Pego de Amorim Azevedo Roger Allan Downey
Marcos Paulo Pereira da Silva Executive Officer (Fertilizers, Coal and Strategy)
Executive Development Committee Gerd Peter Poppinga
Oscar Augusto de Camargo Filho Executive Officer (Ferrous)
Marcel Juviniano Barros
Fernando Jorge Buso Gomes Galib Abrahão Chaim
Tatiana Boavista Barros Heil Executive Officer (Capital Projects Implementation)
Strategic Committee Humberto Ramos de Freitas
Murilo Pinto de Oliveira Ferreira Executive Officer (Logistics and Mineral Research)
Gueitiro Matsuo Genso
Luiz Carlos Trabuco Cappi Jennifer Anne Maki
Oscar Augusto de Camargo Filho Executive Officer (Base Metals)
Finance Committee
Gilmar Dalilo Cezar Wanderley Rogerio Nogueira
Fernando Jorge Buso Gomes Global Controller Director
Eduardo de Oliveira Rodrigues Filho
Tatiana Boavista Barros Heil Murilo Muller
Controllership Director
Dioni Brasil
Accounting Manager
TC-CRC-RJ 083305/O-8

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*Signatures*

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

(Registrant)
By: /s/ Andre Figueiredo
Date: July 28, 2016 Andre Figueiredo
Director of Investor Relations

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