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Vale S.A. Regulatory Filings 2016

Oct 27, 2016

30050_ffr_2016-10-27_656373c6-8f4b-4dba-b2d0-30398e143559.zip

Regulatory Filings

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Table of Contents

*United States Securities and Exchange Commission*

*Washington, D.C. 20549*

*FORM 6-K*

*Report of Foreign Private Issuer Pursuant to Rule 13a-16 or 15d-16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934*

*For the month of*

*September, 2016*

*Vale S.A.*

*Avenida das Américas, No. 700 22640-100 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil*

(Address of principal executive office)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F.

(Check One) Form 20-F x Form 40-F o

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(1)

(Check One) Yes o No x

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(7)

(Check One) Yes o No x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant by furnishing the information contained in this Form is also thereby furnishing information to the Commission pursuant to Rule 12g3-2(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

(Check One) Yes o No x

If “Yes” is marked, indicate below the file number assigned to the registrant in connection with Rule 12g3-2(b). 82- .

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*Interim Financial Statements*

*September 30, 2016*

IFRS in US$

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*Vale S.A. Interim Financial Statements*

*Contents*

Report of independent registered public accounting firm Page — 3
Condensed Consolidated Income Statement 4
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 5
Condensed Consolidated Cash Flow Statement 6
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet 7
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 8
Selected Notes to the Interim Financial Statements 9
1. Corporate information 9
2. Basis for preparation of the interim financial statements 9
3. Information by business segment 10
4. Liabilities related to associates and joint ventures 16
5. Non-current assets and liabilities held for sale 18
6. Acquisitions and divestitures 19
7. Cash and cash equivalents 19
8. Accounts receivable 20
9. Inventories 20
10. Investments in associates and joint ventures 20
11. Intangibles 22
12. Property, plant and equipment 23
13. Loans and borrowings 24
14. Litigation 26
15. Income taxes 28
16. Employee postretirement obligations 29
17. Financial instruments classification 29
18. Fair value estimate 30
19. Derivative financial instruments 30
20. Stockholders’ equity 40
21. Costs and expenses by nature 41
22. Financial results 42
23. Deferred revenue – Gold stream 42
24. Commitments 43
25. Related parties 44
Members of the Board of Directors, Fiscal Council, Advisory Committees and Executive Officers 46

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Central Tel 55 (21) 3515-9400
Av. Almirante Barroso, 52 - 4 º Fax 55 (21) 3515-9000
20031-000 - Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brasil Internet www.kpmg.com.br
Caixa Postal 2888
20001-970 - Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brasil

*Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm*

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of

Vale S.A.

Rio de Janeiro - RJ

We have reviewed the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet of Vale S.A. (“the Company”) and its subsidiaries as of September 30, 2016 and the related condensed consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income and cash flows for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 and the condensed consolidated statements of changes in equity for the nine-month periods ended on September 30, 2016 and 2015. These condensed consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management.

We conducted our review in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an audit opinion.

Based on our review, we are not aware of any material modification that should be made to the condensed consolidated financial statements referred to above for them to be in conformity with the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB).

We have previously audited, in accordance with standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheet of Vale S.A. and its subsidiaries as of December 31, 2015 and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the year then ended, and in our report dated February 24, 2016, we expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. In our opinion, the information set forth in th accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2015, is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the consolidated balance sheet from which it has been derived.

KPMG Auditores Independentes

Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

October 26, 2016

KPMG Auditores Independentes, uma sociedade simples brasileira e firma-membro da rede KPMG de firmas-membro independentes e afiliadas à KPMG International Cooperative (“KPMG International”), uma entidade suíça. KPMG Auditores Independentes, a Brazilian entity and a member firm of the KPMG network of independent member firms affiliated with KPMG International Cooperative (“KPMG International”), a Swiss entity.

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*Condensed Consolidated Income Statement*

*In millions of United States dollars, except as otherwise stated*

Notes Three months period ended September 30 — 2016 2015 Nine months period ended September 30 — 2016 2015
Net operating revenue 3(c) 7,324 6,505 19,669 19,710
Cost of goods sold and services rendered 21(a) (4,955 ) (5,040 ) (13,999 ) (15,394 )
Gross profit 2,369 1,465 5,670 4,316
Operating (expenses) income
Selling and administrative expenses 21(b) (153 ) (131 ) (412 ) (485 )
Research and evaluation expenses (85 ) (121 ) (223 ) (358 )
Pre operating and operational stoppage (122 ) (266 ) (338 ) (789 )
Other operating income (expenses), net 21(c) 51 (113 ) (144 ) (270 )
(309 ) (631 ) (1,117 ) (1,902 )
Results on measurement or sale of non-current assets 5 and 6 (29 ) (48 ) (95 ) 90
Operating income 2,031 786 4,458 2,504
Financial income 22 374 2,556 7,580 6,375
Financial expenses 22 (1,421 ) (9,732 ) (5,111 ) (17,529 )
Equity results in associates and joint ventures 10 46 (349 ) 392 (402 )
Others results in associates and joint ventures 4 and 6 (33 ) — (1,146 ) 97
Net income (loss) before income taxes 997 (6,739 ) 6,173 (8,955 )
Income taxes 15
Current tax (57 ) (100 ) (815 ) (237 )
Deferred tax (358 ) 4,603 (1,875 ) 5,415
(415 ) 4,503 (2,690 ) 5,178
Net income (loss) 582 (2,236 ) 3,483 (3,777 )
Income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests 7 (119 ) 26 (217 )
Net income (loss) attributable to Vale’s stockholders 575 (2,117 ) 3,457 (3,560 )
Earnings per share attributable to Vale’s stockholders:
Basic and diluted earnings per share: 20(b)
Preferred share (US$) 0.11 (0.41 ) 0.67 (0.69 )
Common share (US$) 0.11 (0.41 ) 0.67 (0.69 )

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim financial statements.

See report of independent registered public accounting firm.

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*Condensed Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income*

*In millions of United States dollars*

Three months period ended September 30 — 2016 2015 Nine months period ended September 30 — 2016 2015
Net income (loss) 582 (2,236 ) 3,483 (3,777 )
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to the income statement
Cumulative translation adjustments (447 ) (10,966 ) 6,660 (18,869 )
Retirement benefit obligations
Gross balance for the period (43 ) (7 ) (311 ) (14 )
Effect of taxes 14 2 96 25
(29 ) (5 ) (215 ) 11
Total items that will not be reclassified subsequently to the income statement (476 ) (10,971 ) 6,445 (18,858 )
Items that may be reclassified subsequently to the income statement
Cumulative translation adjustments
Gross balance for the period 219 6,632 (3,459 ) 10,345
Effect of taxes 18 — (123 ) —
Transfer of realized results to net income, net of taxes — — (75 ) —
237 6,632 (3,657 ) 10,345
Cash flow hedge
Gross balance for the period — 148 6 689
Effect of taxes — (2 ) (1 ) (5 )
Equity results in associates and joint ventures — (3 ) 5 (5 )
Transfer of realized results to net income, net of taxes — (119 ) (3 ) (362 )
— 24 7 317
Total of items that may be reclassified subsequently to the income statement 237 6,656 (3,650 ) 10,662
Total comprehensive income (loss) 343 (6,551 ) 6,278 (11,973 )
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests (3 ) (162 ) 150 (266 )
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Vale’s stockholders 346 (6,389 ) 6,128 (11,707 )

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim financial statements.

See report of independent registered public accounting firm.

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*Condensed Consolidated Cash Flow Statement*

*In millions of United States dollars*

Three months period ended September 30 — 2016 2015 Nine months period ended September 30 — 2016 2015
Cash flow from operating activities:
Net income (loss) before income taxes 997 (6,739 ) 6,173 (8,955 )
Adjustments for:
Equity results from associates and joint ventures (46 ) 349 (392 ) 402
Others results in associates and joint ventures — — 1,113 (97 )
Results on disposal of property, plant and equipment and intangibles (121 ) 48 (55 ) (320 )
Depreciation, amortization and depletion 963 1,022 2,740 3,045
Financial results, net 1,047 7,176 (2,469 ) 11,154
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable 57 343 (136 ) 686
Inventories 12 (331 ) 28 (231 )
Suppliers and contractors 255 422 236 249
Payroll and related charges (16 ) 53 29 (524 )
Other taxes assets and liabilities, net (43 ) (143 ) (94 ) (349 )
Deferred revenue - Gold stream (note 23) (ii) 524 — 524 532
Other assets and liabilities, net (402 ) 113 (659 ) 350
Cash provided from operations 3,227 2,313 7,038 5,942
Interest on loans and borrowings paid (423 ) (381 ) (1,245 ) (1,157 )
Derivatives received (paid), net (note 19) (191 ) (167 ) (1,054 ) (927 )
Interest on participative stockholders’ debentures paid — — (37 ) (39 )
Income taxes (88 ) (47 ) (347 ) (365 )
Income taxes - Settlement program (116 ) (89 ) (304 ) (298 )
Net cash provided by operating activities 2,409 1,629 4,051 3,156
Cash flow from investing activities:
Financial investments redeemed (invested) 69 51 46 303
Loans and advances granted (71 ) 25 (126 ) (41 )
Additions to investments (9 ) (8 ) (230 ) (144 )
Additions to property, plant and equipment and intangible (note 3(b)) (1,249 ) (1,870 ) (3,847 ) (6,181 )
Dividends and interest on capital received from associates and joint ventures — 19 118 231
Proceeds from disposal of assets and investments 326 472 350 1,033
Proceeds from gold stream transaction 276 — 276 368
Net cash used in investing activities (658 ) (1,311 ) (3,413 ) (4,431 )
Cash flow from financing activities:
Loans and borrowings (i)
Additions 1,573 1,066 6,206 3,950
Repayments (1,987 ) (928 ) (4,953 ) (1,814 )
Transactions with stockholders:
Dividends and interest on capital paid to Vale’s stockholders — — — (1,000 )
Dividends and interest on capital paid to noncontrolling interest (129 ) — (204 ) (12 )
Transactions with noncontrolling stockholders — 1,089 (17 ) 1,049
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities (543 ) 1,227 1,032 2,173
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 1,208 1,545 1,670 898
Cash and cash equivalents in the beginning of the period 4,168 3,158 3,591 3,974
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents (7 ) (306 ) 108 (475 )
Cash and cash equivalents at end of the period 5,369 4,397 5,369 4,397
Non-cash transactions:
Additions to property, plant and equipment - capitalized loans and borrowing costs 172 195 562 568

(i) Includes transactions with related parties: Bradesco, Banco do Brasil and Banco Nacional do Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social - BNDES.

(ii) Net of warrants.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim financial statements.

See report of independent registered public accounting firm.

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*Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet*

*In millions of United States dollars*

Notes September 30, 2016 December 31, 2015
Assets
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents 7 5,369 3,591
Financial investments 115 28
Derivative financial instruments 19 141 121
Accounts receivable 8 2,556 1,476
Inventories 9 3,900 3,528
Recoverable income taxes 317 900
Recoverable taxes 1,603 1,404
Related parties 25 66 70
Others 651 311
14,718 11,429
Non-current assets held for sale 5 4,789 4,044
19,507 15,473
Non-current assets
Derivative financial instruments 19 504 93
Loans 182 188
Recoverable income taxes 542 471
Recoverable taxes 688 501
Deferred income taxes 15(a) 6,849 7,904
Judicial deposits 14(c) 1,073 882
Related parties 25 19 1
Others 661 613
10,518 10,653
Investments in associates and joint ventures 10 3,976 2,940
Intangibles 11 6,959 5,324
Property, plant and equipment 12 61,127 54,102
82,580 73,019
Total assets 102,087 88,492
Liabilities
Current liabilities
Suppliers and contractors 3,751 3,365
Payroll and related charges 593 375
Derivative financial instruments 19 868 2,076
Loans and borrowings 13 2,181 2,506
Related parties 25 558 475
Income taxes - Settlement program 15(c) 449 345
Taxes payable 185 250
Provision for income taxes 154 241
Employee postretirement obligations 16 72 68
Asset retirement obligations 70 89
Liabilities related to associates and joint ventures 4 329 —
Others 1,488 648
10,698 10,438
Liabilities associated with non-current assets held for sale 5 149 107
10,847 10,545
Non-current liabilities
Derivative financial instruments 19 1,167 1,429
Loans and borrowings 13 29,268 26,347
Related parties 25 137 213
Employee postretirement obligations 16 2,113 1,750
Provisions for litigation 14(a) 919 822
Income taxes - Settlement program 15(c) 4,977 4,085
Deferred income taxes 15(a) 1,676 1,670
Asset retirement obligations 3,169 2,385
Participative stockholders’ debentures 658 342
Deferred revenue - Gold stream 23 2,158 1,749
Liabilities related to associates and joint ventures 4 795 —
Others 2,372 1,451
49,409 42,243
Total liabilities 60,256 52,788
Stockholders’ equity
Equity attributable to Vale’s stockholders 20 39,719 33,589
Equity attributable to noncontrolling interests 2,112 2,115
Total stockholders’ equity 41,831 35,704
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity 102,087 88,492

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim financial statements.

See report of independent registered public accounting firm.

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*Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity*

*In millions of United States dollars*

Share capital Results on conversion of shares Results from operation with noncontrolling interest Profit reserves Treasury stocks Unrealized fair value gain (losses) Cumulative translation adjustments Retained earnings Equity attributable to Vale’s stockholders Equity attributable to noncontrolling interests Total stockholder’s equity
Balance at December 31, 2015 61,614 (152 ) (702 ) 985 (1,477 ) (992 ) (25,687 ) — 33,589 2,115 35,704
Net income — — — — — — — 3,457 3,457 26 3,483
Other comprehensive income:
Retirement benefit obligations — — — — — (215 ) — — (215 ) — (215 )
Cash flow hedge — — — — — 7 — — 7 — 7
Translation adjustments — — — 200 — (90 ) 2,608 161 2,879 124 3,003
Transactions with stockholders:
Dividends of noncontrolling interest — — — — — — — — — (174 ) (174 )
Acquisitions and disposal of participation of noncontrolling interest — — 2 — — — — — 2 — 2
Capitalization of noncontrolling interest advances — — — — — — — — — 21 21
Balance at September 30, 2016 61,614 (152 ) (700 ) 1,185 (1,477 ) (1,290 ) (23,079 ) 3,618 39,719 2,112 41,831
Balance at December 31, 2014 Share capital — 61,614 Results on conversion of shares — (152 ) Results from operation with noncontrolling interest — (449 ) Profit reserves — 19,985 Treasury stocks — (1,477 ) Unrealized fair value gain (losses) — (1,713 ) Cumulative translation adjustments — (22,686 ) Retained earnings (loss) — — Equity attributable to Vale’s stockholders — 55,122 Equity attributable to noncontrolling interests — 1,199 Total stockholder’s equity — 56,321
Loss — — — — — — — (3,560 ) (3,560 ) (217 ) (3,777 )
Other comprehensive income:
Retirement benefit obligations — — — — — 11 — — 11 — 11
Cash flow hedge — — — — — 317 — — 317 — 317
Translation adjustments — — — (6,404 ) — 214 (3,062 ) 777 (8,475 ) (49 ) (8,524 )
Transactions with stockholders:
Dividends and interest on capital of Vale’s stockholders — — — (1,000 ) — — — — (1,000 ) — (1,000 )
Dividends of noncontrolling interest — — — — — — — — — (6 ) (6 )
Acquisitions and disposal of participation of noncontrolling interest — — 180 — — — (336 ) — (156 ) 1,289 1,133
Capitalization of noncontrolling interest advances — — — — — — — — — 26 26
Balance at September 30, 2015 61,614 (152 ) (269 ) 12,581 (1,477 ) (1,171 ) (26,084 ) (2,783 ) 42,259 2,242 44,501

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim financial statements.

See report of independent registered public accounting firm.

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*Selected Notes to the Interim Financial Statements*

*Expressed in millions of United States dollar, unless otherwise stated*

*1. Corporate information*

Vale S.A. (the “Parent Company”) is a public company headquartered at 700, Avenida das Américas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil with securities traded on the stock exchanges of São Paulo - BM&F BOVESPA (Vale3 and Vale5), New York - NYSE (VALE and VALE.P) and Paris - NYSE Euronext (Vale3 and Vale5).

Vale and its direct and indirect subsidiaries (“Vale”, “Group” or “Company”) are producers of iron ore and iron ore pellets, key raw materials for steelmaking, and producers of nickel, which is used to produce stainless steel and metal alloys employed in the production of several products. The Group also produces copper, metallurgical and thermal coal, potash, phosphates and other fertilizer nutrients, manganese ore, ferroalloys, platinum group metals, gold, silver and cobalt. The information by segment is presented in note 3.

*2. Basis for preparation of the interim financial statements*

*a) Statement of compliance*

The condensed consolidated interim financial statements of the Company (“interim financial statements”) present the accounts of the Group, and have been prepared in accordance with IAS 34 Interim Financial Reporting of the International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as adopted by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”).

*b) Basis of presentation*

The interim financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention as adjusted to reflect: (i) the fair value of financial instruments measured at fair value through income statement or available-for-sale financial instruments measured at fair value through the statement of comprehensive income; and (ii) impairment of assets.

The accounting practices, accounting estimates and judgments, risk management and measurement methods are the same as those adopted when preparing the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2015. These interim financial statements were prepared to update users about relevant information presented in the period and should be read in conjunction with the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2015.

The interim financial statements of the Group and its associates and joint ventures are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which each entity operates (“functional currency”). In the case of the Parent Company the functional currency is the Brazilian real (“BRL” or “R$”). For presentation purposes, these interim financial statements are presented in United States dollar (“USD” or “US$”) as the Company believes that this is how international investors analyze the financial statements.

The exchange rates used by the Group for major currencies to translate its operations are as follows :

Closing rate Average rate for the — Three months period ended Nine months period ended
September 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 September 30, 2016 September 30, 2015 September 30, 2016 September 30, 2015
Brazilian Reais (“R$”) 3.2462 3.9048 3.2460 3.5379 3.5450 3.1684
Canadian dollar (“CAD”) 2.4757 2.8171 2.4881 2.7024 2.6802 2.5090
Australian dollar (“AUD”) 2.4895 2.8532 2.4616 2.5642 2.6273 2.4067
Euro (“EUR” or “€”) 3.6484 4.2504 3.6232 3.9365 3.9549 3.5285

Subsequent events were evaluated through October 26, 2016, which is the date the interim financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors.

*c) Accounting standards issued but not yet effective*

The standards and interpretations issued by IASB relevant to the Company but not yet effective are disclosed below:

· IFRS 9 Financial instruments.

· IFRS 15 Revenue from contracts with customers.

· IFRS 16 Leases.

· Amendments to IAS 12 — Recognition of deferred tax assets.

· Amendments to IAS 7 — Disclosure Initiative.

· Amendments to IFRS 2 — Classification and measurement of share-based payment transactions.

· Amendments to IFRS 4 — Applying IFRS 9 Financial Instruments with IFRS 4 Insurance Contracts.

The Company is currently analyzing potential impacts regarding these pronouncements on its financial statements.

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*3. Information by business segment*

The information presented to the Executive Board on the performance of each segment is derived from the accounting records.

*a) Adjusted EBITDA*

Adjusted EBITDA is used by management to support the decision making process for segments. The definition of adjusted EBITDA for the Company is the operating income or loss less (i) the depreciation, depletion and amortization, (ii) results on measurement or sales of non-current assets, (iii) impairment, (iv) onerous contracts and plus (v) dividends received from associates and joint ventures.

Three months period ended September 30, 2016 — Net operating revenue Cost of goods sold and services rendered Sales, administrative and other operating expenses Research and evaluation expenses Pre operating and operational stoppage Adjusted EBITDA
Ferrous minerals
Iron ore 3,782 (1,648 ) (80 ) (25 ) (40 ) 1,989
Pellets 991 (512 ) (8 ) (4 ) (5 ) 462
Ferroalloys and manganese 76 (63 ) (6 ) — (3 ) 4
Other ferrous products and services 110 (70 ) (1 ) — (1 ) 38
4,959 (2,293 ) (95 ) (29 ) (49 ) 2,493
Coal 163 (157 ) 3 (3 ) (13 ) (7 )
Base metals
Nickel and other products 1,159 (792 ) (31 ) (21 ) (26 ) 289
Copper 420 (255 ) (2 ) (2 ) — 161
Other base metals products — — 150 — — 150
1,579 (1,047 ) 117 (23 ) (26 ) 600
Fertilizers
Potash 34 (35 ) (1 ) (1 ) (4 ) (7 )
Phosphates 470 (413 ) (26 ) (3 ) — 28
Nitrogen 69 (53 ) (2 ) (1 ) — 13
Other fertilizers products 25 — — — — 25
598 (501 ) (29 ) (5 ) (4 ) 59
Others 25 (58 ) (64 ) (25 ) — (122 )
Total 7,324 (4,056 ) (68 ) (85 ) (92 ) 3,023

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Three months period ended September 30, 2015 — Net operating revenue Cost of goods sold and services rendered Sales, administrative and other operating expenses Research and evaluation expenses Pre operating and operational stoppage Dividends received from associates and joint ventures Adjusted EBITDA
Ferrous minerals
Iron ore 3,278 (1,838 ) (169 ) (26 ) (23 ) — 1,222
Pellets 883 (508 ) 13 (1 ) (5 ) — 382
Ferroalloys and manganese 26 (31 ) (2 ) — (4 ) — (11 )
Other ferrous products and services 125 (70 ) 5 (1 ) — — 59
4,312 (2,447 ) (153 ) (28 ) (32 ) — 1,652
Coal 127 (207 ) (17 ) (7 ) (25 ) — (129 )
Base metals
Nickel and other products 1,011 (820 ) 8 (23 ) (97 ) — 79
Copper 336 (218 ) (1 ) (3 ) — — 114
1,347 (1,038 ) 7 (26 ) (97 ) — 193
Fertilizers
Potash 41 (29 ) (1 ) (15 ) (8 ) — (12 )
Phosphates 560 (364 ) (3 ) (7 ) (20 ) — 166
Nitrogen 80 (51 ) (1 ) (1 ) (1 ) — 26
Other fertilizers products 17 — — — — — 17
698 (444 ) (5 ) (23 ) (29 ) — 197
Others 21 (43 ) 2 (37 ) 19 (38 )
Total 6,505 (4,179 ) (166 ) (121 ) (183 ) 19 1,875

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Nine months period ended September 30, 2016 — Net operating revenue Cost of goods sold and services rendered Sales, administrative and other operating expenses Research and evaluation expenses Pre operating and operational stoppage Dividends received from associates and joint ventures Adjusted EBITDA
Ferrous minerals
Iron ore 10,208 (4,609 ) (386 ) (52 ) (107 ) — 5,054
Pellets 2,611 (1,408 ) (43 ) (8 ) (17 ) 60 1,195
Ferroalloys and manganese 185 (162 ) (3 ) — (9 ) — 11
Other ferrous products and services 300 (192 ) 2 (1 ) (2 ) — 107
13,304 (6,371 ) (430 ) (61 ) (135 ) 60 6,367
Coal 463 (687 ) 46 (8 ) (24 ) — (210 )
Base metals
Nickel and other products 3,209 (2,332 ) (55 ) (57 ) (84 ) — 681
Copper 1,170 (684 ) (9 ) (3 ) — — 474
Other base metals products — — 150 — — — 150
4,379 (3,016 ) 86 (60 ) (84 ) — 1,305
Fertilizers
Potash 79 (75 ) 2 (4 ) (12 ) — (10 )
Phosphates 1,123 (976 ) (62 ) (10 ) (2 ) — 73
Nitrogen 187 (139 ) (8 ) (2 ) — — 38
Other fertilizers products 57 — — — — 3 60
1,446 (1,190 ) (68 ) (16 ) (14 ) 3 161
Others 77 (158 ) (106 ) (78 ) (2 ) 55 (212 )
Total 19,669 (11,422 ) (472 ) (223 ) (259 ) 118 7,411

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Nine months period ended September 30, 2015 — Net operating revenue Cost of goods sold and services rendered Sales, administrative and other operating expenses Research and evaluation expenses Pre operating and operational stoppage Dividends received from associates and joint ventures Adjusted EBITDA
Ferrous minerals
Iron ore 9,385 (5,680 ) (526 ) (95 ) (74 ) — 3,010
Pellets 2,820 (1,668 ) 16 (3 ) (19 ) 203 1,349
Ferroalloys and manganese 149 (130 ) (2 ) — (14 ) — 3
Other ferrous products and services 378 (266 ) 12 (3 ) (1 ) 8 128
12,732 (7,744 ) (500 ) (101 ) (108 ) 211 4,490
Coal 418 (579 ) (131 ) (18 ) (49 ) — (359 )
Base metals
Nickel and other products 3,586 (2,501 ) (80 ) (73 ) (322 ) — 610
Copper 1,119 (664 ) (11 ) (6 ) (1 ) — 437
Other base metals products — — 230 — — — 230
4,705 (3,165 ) 139 (79 ) (323 ) — 1,277
Fertilizers
Potash 102 (70 ) 4 (38 ) (16 ) — (18 )
Phosphates 1,362 (923 ) (23 ) (20 ) (42 ) — 354
Nitrogen 237 (157 ) (4 ) (2 ) (3 ) — 71
Other fertilizers products 43 — — — — — 43
1,744 (1,150 ) (23 ) (60 ) (61 ) — 450
Others 111 (102 ) (97 ) (100 ) — 20 (168 )
Total 19,710 (12,740 ) (612 ) (358 ) (541 ) 231 5,690

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Adjusted Ebitda is reconciled to net income (loss) as follows:

Three months period ended September 30 — 2016 2015 Nine months period ended September 30 — 2016 2015
Adjusted EBITDA 3,023 1,875 7,411 5,690
Depreciation, depletion and amortization (963 ) (1,022 ) (2,740 ) (3,045 )
Dividends received from associates and joint ventures — (19 ) (118 ) (231 )
Results on measurement or sale of non-current assets (29 ) (48 ) (95 ) 90
Operating income 2,031 786 4,458 2,504
Financial results, net (1,047 ) (7,176 ) 2,469 (11,154 )
Equity results in associates and joint ventures 46 (349 ) 392 (402 )
Others results in associates and joint ventures (33 ) — (1,146 ) 97
Income taxes (415 ) 4,503 (2,690 ) 5,178
Income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests (7 ) 119 (26 ) 217
Income (loss) attributable to Vale’s stockholders 575 (2,117 ) 3,457 (3,560 )

*b) Assets by segment*

September 30, 2016 — Product inventory Investments in associates and joint ventures Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets Three months period ended September 30, 2016 — Additions to property, plant and equipment and intangible (i) Nine months period ended September 30, 2016 — Additions to property, plant and equipment and intangible (i)
Ferrous minerals 1,287 1,831 34,344 797 2,481
Coal 95 291 1,953 152 441
Base metals 1,142 16 24,983 189 691
Fertilizers 248 90 4,555 99 207
Others 1 1,748 2,251 12 27
Total 2,773 3,976 68,086 1,249 3,847

(i) Includes only cash effect.

December 31, 2015 — Product inventory Investments in associates and joint ventures Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets Three months period ended September 30, 2015 — Additions to property, plant and equipment and intangible (i) Nine months period ended September 30, 2015 — Additions to property, plant and equipment and intangible (i)
Ferrous minerals 1,036 1,479 28,202 1,099 3,858
Coal 53 306 1,812 330 1,076
Base metals 1,166 17 23,522 368 1,021
Fertilizers 295 75 3,866 55 161
Others 3 1,063 2,024 18 65
Total 2,553 2,940 59,426 1,870 6,181

(i) Includes only cash effect.

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*c) Revenues by geographic area*

Three months period ended September 30, 2016 — Ferrous minerals Coal Base metals Fertilizers Others Total
Americas, except United States and Brazil 81 — 304 11 — 396
United States of America 54 — 184 — — 238
Europe 624 56 446 21 — 1,147
Middle East/Africa/Oceania 333 14 4 — — 351
Japan 373 18 92 — — 483
China 2,720 17 172 — — 2,909
Asia, except Japan and China 286 58 333 10 — 687
Brazil 488 — 44 556 25 1,113
Net operating revenue 4,959 163 1,579 598 25 7,324
Three months period ended September 30, 2015 — Ferrous minerals Coal Base metals Fertilizers Others Total
Americas, except United States and Brazil 82 12 206 19 — 319
United States of America 9 — 176 — 3 188
Europe 627 23 422 37 — 1,109
Middle East/Africa/Oceania 229 15 8 3 — 255
Japan 389 22 88 — — 499
China 2,355 24 176 — — 2,555
Asia, except Japan and China 225 30 226 13 — 494
Brazil 396 1 45 626 18 1,086
Net operating revenue 4,312 127 1,347 698 21 6,505
Nine months period ended September 30, 2016 — Ferrous minerals Coal Base metals Fertilizers Others Total
Americas, except United States and Brazil 246 14 862 28 — 1,150
United States of America 141 — 532 — 4 677
Europe 1,702 85 1,364 69 — 3,220
Middle East/Africa/Oceania 784 55 17 3 — 859
Japan 927 83 218 — — 1,228
China 7,573 48 442 — — 8,063
Asia, except Japan and China 671 178 840 49 — 1,738
Brazil 1,260 — 104 1,297 73 2,734
Net operating revenue 13,304 463 4,379 1,446 77 19,669
Nine months period ended September 30, 2015 — Ferrous minerals Coal Base metals Fertilizers Others Total
Americas, except United States and Brazil 279 16 843 52 — 1,190
United States of America 24 — 644 — 18 686
Europe 1,908 74 1,432 99 — 3,513
Middle East/Africa/Oceania 807 82 64 6 — 959
Japan 1,155 61 282 — — 1,498
China 6,381 36 498 — — 6,915
Asia, except Japan and China 864 132 720 50 — 1,766
Brazil 1,314 17 222 1,537 93 3,183
Net operating revenue 12,732 418 4,705 1,744 111 19,710

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*4. Liabilities related to associates and joint ventures*

Refers to the provision to comply with the obligations under the agreement related to the dam failure of Samarco Mineração S.A. (“Samarco”), which is a Brazilian joint venture between Vale S.A. and BHP Billiton Brasil Ltda. (“BHPB”), as follows:

*a) Reparation agreement*

Samarco and its shareholders, Vale S.A. and BHPB, entered into an Agreement in connection with the US$6.3 billion (R$20.2 billion) lawsuit (“Agreement”) on March 2, 2016 with the Brazilian federal government, the two Brazilian states affected by the failure (Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais) and other governmental authorities in order to implement the programs for remediation and compensation of the areas and communities affected by Samarco’s dam failure.

The Agreement does not contemplate admission of civil, criminal or administrative liability for the Fundão dam failure.

The Agreement has a 15-year term, renewable for successive one-year periods until all the obligations under the Agreement have been performed.

Under the Agreement, Samarco, Vale S.A. and BHPB have agreed to establish a foundation to develop and implement social and economic remediation and compensation, to be funded by Samarco as follows: US$623 (R$2.0 billion) in 2016, US$374 (R$1.2 billion) in 2017 and US$374 (R$1.2 billion) in 2018. From 2019 to 2021, Samarco agreed to provide funding based on the amounts needed to implement the projects approved for the relevant year, subject to an annual minimum of US$249 (R$800) and an annual maximum of US$498 (R$1.6 billion). From 2022 onwards, Samarco will provide the necessary funding in order to complete remaining programs approved for each relevant year. The foundation will allocate an annual amount of US$75 (R$240) over 15 years to the implementation of compensation programs, and these annual amounts are included in the annual contributions described above for the first six years. Through the end of 2018, US$156 (R$500) will be provided for sewage collection and treatment and solid waste disposal under the terms of the Agreement.

To the extent that Samarco does not meet its funding obligations to the foundation, each of Vale S.A. and BHPB will provide, under the terms of the Agreement, funds to the Foundation in proportion to its 50% equity interest in Samarco.

On June 24, 2016, the Renova Foundation (“Foundation”) was constituted, under the Agreement, to develop and implement the socioeconomic and environmental´s restoration and compensation programs. The Foundation began its operations in August of 2016.

As the consequence of the dam failure, the governmental authorities ordered the suspension of Samarco’s operations.

*b) Estimates used for the provision*

The Samarco initially expected to resume its operations in the last quarter of 2016. Based on this assumption, Samarco´s cash flow projections indicated that Samarco would be able to generate all or a substantial part of the funding required under the Agreement. This assumption was supported by studies of technical solutions available, combined with the progress of the repair works on the remaining dam structures after the dam failure and the definition of the contractual scope of the remediation measures and compensation to the communities impacted by the dam failure. Consequently, no provision was recognized in the Company´s financial statements as of March 31, 2016.

However, in view of the current stage of the necessary procedures to resume operations and the uncertainties related to the licensing approval by the governmental authorities during the current year, Samarco reviewed its assumption and concluded that was unable to make a reliable estimate of how and when its operations will resume.

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Therefore, the Company recognized a provision on its interim financial statements as of June 30, 2016, in the amount of US$1,732 (R$5,560) which was discounted at a free-risk rate, resulting in US$1,163 (R$3,733) liability, which represents its best estimate of the obligation to comply with the reparation and compensation programs under the Agreement, equivalent to the percentage of 50% entered into under the Agreement by Vale.

On August, 2016, Samarco issued non-convertible private debentures which were subscribed equally by the Company and BHPB, and the resources contributed by Vale S.A. were allocated as follows: (i) US$45 (R$146) was used by Samarco in the reparation programs in accordance with the agreement, and therefore, discounted from the provision of US$1,163 (R$3,733) mentioned above; and (ii) US$33 (R$106) applied by Samarco´s to fund its working capital, and recognized in the income statement as “Others results in associates and joint ventures” in the third quarter of 2016. Funds to working capital requirements will be released on an as-needed basis by the shareholders and will be subject to achieving certain milestones, without undertaking an obligation to Samarco.

For the period ended in September 2016, the movements of the provision are as follows:

Balance at June 30, 2016 3,733
Payments (146 )
Interests 62
Balances at September 30, 2016 3,649
Current liabilities 1,069
Non-current liabilities 2,580

At each reporting period, the Company will reassess the key assumptions used by Samarco in the preparation of the projected future cash flows and will adjust the provision, if required.

*c) Relevant information of Samarco*

Samarco disbursed US$88 (R$285) and US$294 (R$1,016) in the accident reparation during the three and nine months period ended September 30, 2016, respectively. Since the initial date of the accident, US$326 (R$1,141) has been disbursed to comply with the obligations under the agreement .

*d) Contingencies related to Samarco accident*

(i) Public civil claim filed by the Federal Government and others

The federal government, the two Brazilian states affected by the failure (Espirito Santo and Minas Gerais) and other governmental authorities have initiated a public civil lawsuit against Samarco and its shareholders, Vale S.A. and BHPB, which the estimated value indicated by the plaintiffs in US$6.3 billion (R$20.2 billion).

On May 5, 2016, the Agreement was ratified by the Federal Regional Court (TRF), 1st Region signed in March 2, 2016. In July, 2016 the Superior Court of Justice (STJ) in Brazil issued an interim order, suspending the decision of TRF, which ratified the Agreement until the final judgments of the claim.

On August 17, 2016, the TRF of the 1st Region has rejected the appeal presented by Samarco, Vale S.A. e BHPB against the interim order and overruled the judicial decision that ratified the Agreement. The decision granted by the TRF of the 1st Region, among other measures, confirmed a prior injunction that prohibited the defendants from transferring or conveying any of their interest in its Brazilian iron ore concessions, without, however, limiting their production and commercial activities.

Only the judicial decision that ratified the Agreement was suspended and, therefore, the Agreement between the parties remains valid, and the parties will continue fulfilling their obligations under the Agreement.

(ii) U.S. Securities class action suits

Vale S.A. and certain of its officers have been named as defendants in securities class action suits in Federal Court in New York brought by holders of Vale’s American Depositary Receipts under U.S. federal securities laws. The lawsuits allege that Vale S.A. made false and misleading statements or omitted to make disclosures concerning the risks and dangers of the operations of Samarco’s Fundão dam and the adequacy of related programs and procedures. The plaintiffs have not specified an amount of alleged damages in these actions. Vale S.A. intends to vigorously mount a full defense against the allegations. The litigation is at a very early stage. On March 7, 2016, the judge overseeing the securities class actions issued an order consolidating these actions and designating lead plaintiffs and counsel. On April 29, 2016, lead plaintiffs filed a Consolidated Amended Complaint that will serve as the operative complaint in the litigation. In July 2016, Vale S.A. and the individual defendants filed a motion to dismiss the Amended Complaint. In August 2016, the plaintiffs submitted their opposition to the motion to dismiss, which was replied by the defendants in September 2016. The decision on the motion to dismiss remains pending.

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(iii) Public civil action filed by Federal Prosecution Office

On May 3, 2016, the Federal Prosecution Office (MPF) filed a public civil action against Samarco and its shareholders and presented several demands, including: (i) the adoption of measures for mitigating the social, economic and environmental impacts resulting from the Fundão dam failure and other emergency measures; (ii) the payment of compensation to the community; and (iii) payments for the collective moral damage. The initial action value claimed by the Federal Prosecution Office (MPF) is US$48 billion (R$155 billion). The first conciliatory hearing was held on September 13th and a second hearing might be scheduled by the judge.

(iv) Criminal lawsuit

On October 20, 2016, the Federal Prosecutors Office (MPF) offered a criminal lawsuit to the Brazilian Federal Justice Court against Vale, BHPB, Samarco, VogBr Recursos Hídricos e Geotecnia Ltda. and 22 individuals for alleged crimes against the environment, urban planning and cultural heritage, flooding, landslide, as well as for alleged crimes against the victims of the Fundão dam failure. The MPF also requested that, if found guilty at the end of the criminal procedure, and the accused, the Judge imposes the minimum amount needed to repair the damage caused by the dam failure. So far, Vale was not serviced to present its defense.

(v) Other lawsuits

In addition, Samarco and its shareholders were named as a defendant in several other lawsuits brought by individuals, corporations and governmental entities seeking damages for material or personnel damages.

These lawsuits and petitions are at very early stages, thus it is not possible to determine a range of outcomes and/or reliable estimates of the potential exposure at this time. No contingent liability has been quantified and no provision was recognized for these other lawsuits.

*5. Non-current assets and liabilities held for sale*

September 30, 2016 — Shipping assets Nacala Total December 31, 2015 — Nacala
Non-current assets held for sale
Accounts receivable — 11 11 3
Other current assets — 97 97 134
Property, plant and equipment and Intangible, net 497 4,184 4,681 3,907
Total assets 497 4,292 4,789 4,044
Liabilities associated with non-current assets held for sale
Suppliers and contractors — 138 138 93
Other current liabilities — 11 11 14
Total liabilities — 149 149 107
Net non-current assets held for sale 497 4,143 4,640 3,937

*a) Shipping assets*

In June 2016, Vale approved a plan to dispose its fleet of ships. As a consequence, the referenced assets were reclassified to non-current assets held for sale and a loss of US$58 was recorded in the income statement as “Results on measurement or sale of non-current assets”.

*b) Coal - Nacala logistic corridor (“Nacala”)*

See note 6.

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*6. Acquisitions and divestitures*

*2016*

*Coal assets -* In December 2014, the Company signed an agreement with Mitsui & Co., Ltd. (“Mitsui”) to sell 50% of its stake in the Nacala corridor and 15% of Vale´s stake in Vale Moçambique. After completion of the transaction, Vale will indirectly own 81% of the Moatize mine and approximately 50% of Nacala Assets, sharing control with Mitsui and therefore will not consolidate the assets, liabilities and results of Nacala Corridor. On that date, the assets and liabilities related to Nacala were classified as non-current assets held for sale with no impact in the income statement.

In September 2016, the Company reviewed the terms related to this transaction, in which Mitsui agreed to contribute up to US$450, being: (i) US$255 for a 15% of Vale’s stake in the Moatize coal mine; and (ii) an additional contribution of up to US$ 195 based on meeting certain conditions, including mine performance. Mitsui will also contribute US$348 for a 50% stake in the equity and quasi-equity instruments of the Nacala and extend a long-term facility of US$165.

As at September 2016, completion of the transaction remains subject to successful completion of the Project Finance and certain government approvals.

*Shipping assets — In June 2016, the Company concluded the sale of three vessels VLOC’s of 400,000 tons for the consortium led by ICBC International* (ICBC) and recognized a loss of US$8 in the income statement as “Results on measurement or sales of non-current assets”. For this transaction, Vale received cash proceeds of US$269 in the third quarter of 2016.

*Thyssenkrupp Companhia Siderúrgica do Atlântico Ltd (“CSA”) —* In April 2016, the Company sold 100% of its interest at CSA (26.87%) for a non-significant amount. The transaction resulted in US$75 loss on recycling the “Cumulative translation adjustments” recognized in the income statement as “Others results in associates and joint ventures”.

*Minas da Serra Geral S.A. (“MSG”) —* In March 2016, the Company completed the purchase option on additional 50% participation at MSG which was owned by JFE Steel Corporation (“JFE”) in the amount of US$17. Vale now holds 100% of MSG’s total stockholder’s equity.

*2015*

*Energy generation assets -* In December 2013, the Company signed agreements with CEMIG Geração e Transmissão S.A. (“CEMIG GT”) to incorporate two joint ventures, Aliança Norte Participações S.A. and Aliança Geração de Energia S.A and exchange of assets and shares. The transaction was completed in the first quarter of 2015, in which Vale received cash proceeds of US$97 and recognized a gain of US$18 as “Others results in associates and joint ventures” and a gain of US$193 as “Results on measurement or sales of non-current assets”.

*7. Cash and cash equivalents*

September 30, 2016 December 31, 2015
Cash and bank deposits 2,921 2,018
Short-term investments 2,448 1,573
5,369 3,591

Cash and cash equivalents includes cash, immediately redeemable deposits and short-term investments with an insignificant risk of change in value. They are readily convertible to cash, part in R$, indexed to the Brazilian Interbank Interest rate (“DI Rate”or”CDI”) and part denominated in US$, mainly time deposits.

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*8. Accounts receivable*

Trade receivables September 30, 2016 — 2,621 December 31, 2015 — 1,534
Provision for doubtful debts (65 ) (58 )
2,556 1,476
Trade receivables related to the steel sector - % 74.66 % 75.32 %
Three months period ended September 30 — 2016 2015 Nine months period ended September 30 — 2016 2015
Provision for doubtful debts recorded in the income statement — (10 ) — (11 )
Trade receivables write-offs recorded in the income statement (2 ) 1 (5 ) (6 )

No individual customer represents over 10% of receivables or revenues.

*9. Inventories*

Product inventory September 30, 2016 — 3,074 December 31, 2015 — 3,071
Impairment of product inventory (301 ) (518 )
2,773 2,553
Consumable inventory 1,127 975
Total 3,900 3,528

Product inventories by segments are presented in note 3(b).

*10. Investments in associates and joint ventures*

Changes in investments in associates and joint ventures are as follows:

Balance at June 30, 2016 — 3,963 2015 — 4,208
Additions 9 8
Disposals (4 ) —
Translation adjustment (43 ) (750 )
Equity results in income statement 46 (349 )
Dividends declared 0 (8 )
Others 5 (8 )
Balance at September 30, 3,976 3,101
Balance at January 1st, 2016 — 2,940 2015 — 4,133
Acquisitions — 579
Additions 228 26
Disposals (4 ) 79
Translation adjustment 543 (1,245 )
Equity results in income statement 392 (402 )
Dividends declared (116 ) (91 )
Transfer to held for sale — (5 )
Others (7 ) 27
Balance at September 30, 3,976 3,101

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Investments in associates and joint ventures Equity results in Income statement Dividends received
Three months period ended Nine months period ended Three months period ended Nine months period ended
Associates and joint ventures % ownership % voting capital September 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 2016 2015 2016 2015 2016 2015 2016 2015
Ferrous minerals
Baovale Mineração S.A. 50.00 50.00 30 24 9 5 8 6 — — — —
Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização 50.00 50.00 67 62 2 7 11 18 — — 13 11
Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização (i) 50.89 51.00 64 57 4 5 10 11 — — 18 16
Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização (i) 50.90 51.00 71 50 5 6 11 16 — — 9 13
Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização(i) 51.00 51.11 111 104 9 11 17 35 — — 20 17
Minas da Serra Geral S.A. (iii) 100.00 100.00 — 13 — — — (1 ) — — — —
MRS Logística S.A. 48.16 46.75 497 368 17 8 49 32 — — — —
Samarco Mineração S.A. (ii) 50.00 50.00 — — — (120 ) — (167 ) — — — 146
VLI S.A. 37.60 37.60 969 778 16 13 32 32 — — — 8
Zhuhai YPM Pellet Co. 25.00 25.00 22 23 — — — — — — — —
Others — — — — — — — — — 1
1,831 1,479 62 (65 ) 138 (18 ) — — 60 212
Coal
Henan Longyu Energy Resources Co., Ltd. 25.00 25.00 291 306 2 (9 ) (8 ) (6 ) — — — —
Base metals
Korea Nickel Corp. 25.00 25.00 16 17 1 (1 ) (1 ) (3 ) — — — —
Teal Minerals Inc. 50.00 50.00 — — (3 ) (9 ) (3 ) (30 ) — — — —
16 17 (2 ) (10 ) (4 ) (33 ) — — — —
Others
Aliança Geração de Energia S.A. (i) 55.00 55.00 588 481 11 7 33 26 — 15 22 15
Aliança Norte Energia Participações S.A. (i) 51.00 51.00 143 81 2 (1 ) (1 ) 1 — — — —
California Steel Industries, Inc. 50.00 50.00 178 157 17 (8 ) 20 (22 ) — — — —
Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecém 50.00 50.00 686 225 (52 ) (245 ) 177 (311 ) — — — —
Mineração Rio Grande do Norte S.A. 40.00 40.00 132 93 7 10 42 20 — 3 32 3
Thyssenkrupp Companhia Siderúrgica do Atlântico Ltd. (iii) — — — — — (29 ) — (60 ) — — — —
Others 111 101 (1 ) 1 (5 ) 1 — 1 4 1
1,838 1,138 (16 ) (265 ) 266 (345 ) — 19 58 19
Total 3,976 2,940 46 (349 ) 392 (402 ) — 19 118 231

(i) Although the Company held majority of the voting capital, the entities are accounted under equity method due to shareholders agreements.

(ii) Note 4.

(iii) Note 6

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*11. Intangibles*

Changes in intangibles are as follows:

Balance at June 30, 2016 Goodwill — 3,219 Concessions — 3,123 Right of use — 140 Software — 431 Total — 6,913
Additions — 206 — 6 212
Disposals — (3 ) — — (3 )
Amortization — (103 ) (1 ) (39 ) (143 )
Translation adjustment (28 ) 13 (1 ) (4 ) (20 )
Balance at September 30, 2016 3,191 3,236 138 394 6,959
Cost 3,191 4,376 218 1,572 9,357
Accumulated amortization — (1,140 ) (80 ) (1,178 ) (2,398 )
3,191 3,236 138 394 6,959
Balance at June 30, 2015 Goodwill — 3,464 Concessions — 2,146 Right of use — 254 Software — 476 Total — 6,340
Additions — 129 — 28 157
Amortization — (34 ) (10 ) (36 ) (80 )
Translation adjustment (310 ) (470 ) (21 ) (103 ) (904 )
Balance at September 30, 2015 3,154 1,771 223 365 5,513
Cost 3,154 2,663 476 998 7,291
Accumulated amortization — (892 ) (253 ) (633 ) (1,778 )
3,154 1,771 223 365 5,513
Balance at December 31, 2015 Goodwill — 2,956 Concessions — 1,814 Right of use — 207 Software — 347 Total — 5,324
Additions — 1,015 1 10 1,026
Disposals — (8 ) — — (8 )
Amortization — (177 ) (2 ) (117 ) (296 )
Translation adjustment 235 515 (1 ) 80 829
Transfers — 77 (67 ) 74 84
Balance at September 30, 2016 3,191 3,236 138 394 6,959
Cost 3,191 4,376 218 1,572 9,357
Accumulated amortization — (1,140 ) (80 ) (1,178 ) (2,398 )
3,191 3,236 138 394 6,959
Balance at December 31, 2014 Goodwill — 3,760 Concessions — 2,213 Right of use — 297 Software — 550 Total — 6,820
Additions — 487 — 119 606
Disposals — (17 ) — — (17 )
Amortization — (116 ) (32 ) (122 ) (270 )
Translation adjustment (645 ) (796 ) (42 ) (182 ) (1,665 )
Acquisition of subsidiary 39 — — — 39
Balance at September 30, 2015 3,154 1,771 223 365 5,513
Cost 3,154 2,663 476 998 7,291
Accumulated amortization — (892 ) (253 ) (633 ) (1,778 )
3,154 1,771 223 365 5,513

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*12. Property, plant and equipment*

Changes in property, plant and equipment are as follows:

Balance at June 30, 2016 Land — 891 Building — 10,320 Facilities — 9,232 Equipment — 7,983 Mineral properties — 11,166 Others — 6,848 Constructions in progress — 14,519 Total — 60,959
Additions (i) — — — — — — 1,347 1,347
Disposals — (1 ) (2 ) (15 ) (122 ) (2 ) — (142 )
Depreciation and amortization — (143 ) (182 ) (213 ) (186 ) (144 ) — (868 )
Translation adjustment (8 ) (89 ) (79 ) (58 ) (95 ) (65 ) (233 ) (627 )
Assets retirement obligations — — — — 458 — — 458
Transfers 23 705 351 275 28 164 (1,546 ) —
Balance at September 30, 2016 906 10,792 9,320 7,972 11,249 6,801 14,087 61,127
Cost 906 16,588 15,209 14,175 19,108 10,544 14,087 90,617
Accumulated depreciation — (5,796 ) (5,889 ) (6,203 ) (7,859 ) (3,743 ) — (29,490 )
906 10,792 9,320 7,972 11,249 6,801 14,087 61,127
Balance at June 30, 2015 Land — 999 Building — 12,064 Facilities — 10,087 Equipment — 9,379 Mineral properties — 13,143 Others — 10,330 Constructions in progress — 15,275 Total — 71,277
Additions (i) — — — — — — 2,592 2,592
Disposals — — (30 ) (13 ) — (583 ) (6 ) (632 )
Depreciation and amortization — (125 ) (154 ) (240 ) (175 ) (176 ) — (870 )
Transfers to non-current assets held for sale — — — — (127 ) — — (127 )
Translation adjustment (168 ) (1,791 ) (1,818 ) (1,137 ) (1,721 ) (1,132 ) (2,620 ) (10,387 )
Transfers (55 ) 455 933 128 198 563 (2,222 ) —
Balance at September 30, 2015 776 10,603 9,018 8,117 11,318 9,002 13,019 61,853
Cost 776 13,384 13,213 12,676 16,918 12,542 13,019 82,528
Accumulated depreciation — (2,781 ) (4,195 ) (4,559 ) (5,600 ) (3,540 ) — (20,675 )
776 10,603 9,018 8,117 11,318 9,002 13,019 61,853
Balance at December 31, 2015 Land — 766 Building — 9,101 Facilities — 8,292 Equipment — 7,307 Mineral properties — 10,304 Others — 7,206 Constructions in progress — 11,126 Total — 54,102
Additions (i) — — — — — — 3,242 3,242
Disposals — (1 ) (3 ) (28 ) (125 ) (345 ) (21 ) (523 )
Depreciation and amortization — (372 ) (471 ) (663 ) (590 ) (454 ) — (2,550 )
Transfers to non-current assets held for sale — — — — — (497 ) — (497 )
Translation adjustment 114 793 1,004 655 907 957 2,493 6,923
Assets retirement obligations — — — — 513 — — 513
Transfers 26 1,271 498 701 240 (66 ) (2,753 ) (83 )
Balance at September 30, 2016 906 10,792 9,320 7,972 11,249 6,801 14,087 61,127
Cost 906 16,588 15,209 14,175 19,108 10,544 14,087 90,617
Accumulated depreciation — (5,796 ) (5,889 ) (6,203 ) (7,859 ) (3,743 ) — (29,490 )
906 10,792 9,320 7,972 11,249 6,801 14,087 61,127
Balance at December 31, 2014 Land — 1,069 Building — 11,654 Facilities — 10,813 Equipment — 9,287 Mineral properties — 14,929 Others — 10,954 Constructions in progress — 19,416 Total — 78,122
Additions (i) — — — — — — 6,399 6,399
Disposals — (5 ) (37 ) (33 ) (151 ) (1,101 ) (8 ) (1,335 )
Depreciation and amortization — (402 ) (548 ) (816 ) (636 ) (555 ) — (2,957 )
Transfers to non-current assets held for sale — — — — (127 ) — — (127 )
Translation adjustment (300 ) (3,320 ) (3,178 ) (2,006 ) (2,881 ) (2,244 ) (4,440 ) (18,369 )
Transfers 7 2,676 1,968 1,684 184 1,829 (8,348 ) —
Acquisition of subsidiary — — — 1 — 119 — 120
Balance at September 30, 2015 776 10,603 9,018 8,117 11,318 9,002 13,019 61,853
Cost 776 13,384 13,213 12,676 16,918 12,542 13,019 82,528
Accumulated depreciation — (2,781 ) (4,195 ) (4,559 ) (5,600 ) (3,540 ) — (20,675 )
776 10,603 9,018 8,117 11,318 9,002 13,019 61,853

(i) Includes capitalized borrowing costs, see cash flow.

There are no material changes to the net book value of consolidated property, plant and equipment pledged to secure judicial claims and loans and borrowings (note 13(d)) compared to those disclosed in the financial statements as at December 31, 2015.

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*13. Loans and borrowings*

*a) Total debt*

Current liabilities — September 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Non-current liabilities — September 30, 2016 December 31, 2015
Debt contracts in the international markets
Floating rates in:
US$ 384 241 7,075 5,174
Fixed rates in:
US$ 410 1,191 13,090 12,923
EUR — — 1,686 1,633
Other currencies 15 14 215 169
Accrued charges 279 326 — —
1,088 1,772 22,066 19,899
Debt contracts in Brazil
Floating rates in:
R$, indexed to TJLP, TR, IPCA, IGP-M and CDI 369 212 5,661 4,709
Basket of currencies and US$ indexed to LIBOR 333 290 1,249 1,342
Fixed rates in:
R$ 76 63 264 268
Accrued charges 315 169 28 129
1,093 734 7,202 6,448
2,181 2,506 29,268 26,347

The future flows of debt payments (principal and interest) per nature of funding are as follows:

Bank loans (i) Capital markets (i) Development agencies (i) Debt principal (i) Estimated future payments of interest (ii)
2016 5 — 210 215 1,653
2017 628 — 1,009 1,637 1,708
2018 2,052 843 1,169 4,064 1,599
2019 992 1,000 1,341 3,333 1,381
2020 3,394 1,339 907 5,640 1,215
2021 366 1,342 882 2,590 1,002
Between 2022 and 2025 1,225 3,345 1,049 5,619 2,609
2026 onwards 88 7,489 152 7,729 5,871
8,750 15,358 6,719 30,827 17,038

(i) Does not include accrued charges.

(ii) Consists of estimated future payments of interest, calculated based on interest rate curves and foreign exchange rates applicable as at September 30, 2016 and considering that all amortization payments and payments at maturity on loans and borrowings will be made on their contracted payments dates. The amount includes the estimated values of future interest payments (not yet accrued), in addition to interest already recognized in the financial statements.

At September 30, 2016, the average annual interest rates by currency are as follows:

Average interest rate (i) Total debt
Loans and borrowings in
US$ 4.55 % 22,781
R$ (ii) 11.15 % 6,703
EUR (iii) 4.06 % 1,734
Other currencies 3.50 % 231
31,449

(i) In order to determine the average interest rate for debt contracts with floating rates, the Company used the last renegotiated rate at September 30, 2016.

(ii) R$ denominated debt that bears interest at IPCA, CDI, TR or TJLP, plus spread. For a total of US$4,583, the Company entered into derivative transactions to mitigate the exposure to the cash flow variations of the floating rate debt denominated in R$, resulting in an average cost of 2.19% per year in US$.

(iii) Eurobonds, for which the Company entered into derivatives to mitigate the exposure to the cash flow variations of the debt denominated in EUR, resulting in an average cost of 4.29% per year in US$.

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*b) Credit and financing lines*

Contractual Date of Period of the Available amount — September 30,
Type currency agreement agreement Total amount 2016
Credit lines
Revolving credit facilities US$ May 2015 5 years 3,000 1,200
Revolving credit facilities US$ July 2013 5 years 2,000 1,800
Financing lines
BNDES (i) R$ April 2008 10 years 2,249 276
BNDES - CLN 150 R$ September 2012 10 years 1,196 6
BNDES - S11D e S11D Logística R$ May 2014 10 years 1,899 754

(i) Memorandum of understanding signature date, however term is considered from the signature date of each contract amendment. This credit line supported or supports the Usina VIII, Onça Puma, Salobo I and II and capital expenditure of Itabira projects.

*c) Funding*

During 2016, the Company drew down part of its revolving credit facilities of which US$2,000 is outstanding at September 30, 2016.

In June and August 2016, the Company issued through its wholly owned subsidiary Vale Overseas Limited the guaranteed notes due 2021 and 2026 totaling US$2,250. These notes bear a coupon of 5.875% and 6.250% per year, respectively, payable semi-annually, and were sold at a price of 100.000% of the principal amount.

*d) Guarantees*

As at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, loans and borrowings are secured by property, plant and equipment and receivables in the amount of US$469 and US$495, respectively.

The securities issued through Vale’s 100%-owned finance subsidiary Vale Overseas Limited are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Vale.

*e) Covenants*

Some of the Company’s debt agreements with lenders contain financial covenants. The main covenants in those agreements require maintaining certain ratios, such as debt to EBITDA (Earnings before Interest Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization) and interest coverage. The Company has not identified any instances of noncompliance as at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

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*14. Litigation*

*a) Provision for litigation*

Vale is party to labor, civil, tax and other ongoing lawsuits, at administrative and court levels. Provisions for losses resulting from lawsuits are estimated and updated by the Company, based on analysis from the Company’s legal consultants. Changes in provision for litigation are as follows:

Balance at June 30, 2016 Tax litigation — 231 Civil litigation — 112 Labor litigation — 555 Environmental litigation — 26 Total of litigation provision — 924
Additions 6 26 74 — 106
Reversals (1 ) (29 ) (40 ) (4 ) (74 )
Payments (2 ) (3 ) (23 ) — (28 )
Indexation and interest (4 ) (6 ) 15 (1 ) 4
Translation adjustment (4 ) (2 ) (6 ) (1 ) (13 )
Balance at September 30, 2016 226 98 575 20 919
Balance at June 30, 2015 Tax litigation — 322 Civil litigation — 131 Labor litigation — 625 Environmental litigation — 69 Total of litigation provision — 1,147
Additions 19 8 59 — 86
Reversals (9 ) (9 ) (72 ) — (90 )
Payments (16 ) (39 ) (6 ) (10 ) (71 )
Indexation and interest 17 5 (23 ) 8 7
Translation adjustment (60 ) (23 ) (131 ) (7 ) (221 )
Balance at September 30, 2015 273 73 452 60 858
Balance at December 31, 2015 Tax litigation — 269 Civil litigation — 79 Labor litigation — 454 Environmental litigation — 20 Total of litigation provision — 822
Additions 41 82 184 5 312
Reversals (40 ) (51 ) (87 ) (8 ) (186 )
Payments (93 ) (47 ) (91 ) — (231 )
Indexation and interest 27 16 22 (1 ) 64
Translation adjustment 22 19 93 4 138
Balance at September 30, 2016 226 98 575 20 919
Balance at December 31, 2014 Tax litigation — 366 Civil litigation — 118 Labor litigation — 706 Environmental litigation — 92 Total of litigation provision — 1,282
Additions 177 55 124 — 356
Reversals (182 ) (39 ) (114 ) (1 ) (336 )
Payments (19 ) (38 ) (20 ) (21 ) (98 )
Indexation and interest 29 18 (19 ) 2 30
Translation adjustment (98 ) (41 ) (225 ) (12 ) (376 )
Balance at September 30, 2015 273 73 452 60 858

*b) Contingent liabilities*

Contingent liabilities of administrative and judicial claims, with expectation of loss classified as possible, and for which the recognition of a provision is not considered necessary by the Company, based on legal advice are as follows:

September 30, 2016 December 31, 2015
Tax litigation 7,901 5,326
Civil litigation 1,600 1,335
Labor litigation 2,695 1,866
Environmental litigation 1,846 1,381
Total 14,042 9,908

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*i - Tax litigation -* Our most significant tax-related contingent liabilities result from disputes related to (i) the deductibility of our payments of social security contributions on the net income (CSLL) from our taxable income, (ii) challenges of certain tax credits we deducted from our PIS and COFINS payments, (iii) assessments of CFEM (royalties), and (iv) charges of value-added tax on services and circulation of goods (ICMS), especially relating to certain tax credits we claimed from the sale and transmission of energy, ICMS charges in connection with the transfer of iron ore between different Brazilian states, ICMS charges on our own transportation costs and challenges to other tax credits we claimed. The changes reported in the period resulted from interest and inflation adjustments in the amounts in dispute.

*ii - Civil litigation -* Most of those claims have been filed by suppliers for indemnification under construction contracts, primarily relating to certain alleged damages, payments and contractual penalties. A number of other claims related to contractual disputes regarding inflation index.

*iii - Labor litigation -* Represents individual claims by employees and service providers, primarily involving demands for additional compensation for overtime work, time spent commuting or health and safety conditions; and the Brazilian federal social security administration (“INSS”) regarding contributions on compensation programs based on profits.

*iv - Environmental litigation -* The most significant claims concern alleged procedural deficiencies in licensing processes, non-compliance with existing environmental licenses or damage to the environment.

*c) Judicial deposits*

In addition to the provisions and contingent liabilities, the Company is required by law to make judicial deposits to secure a potential adverse outcome of certain lawsuits. These court-ordered deposits are monetarily adjusted and reported as non-current assets until a judicial decision to draw the deposit occurs.

September 30, 2016 December 31, 2015
Tax litigation 268 211
Civil litigation 69 102
Labor litigation 715 553
Environmental litigation 21 16
Total 1,073 882

*d) Others*

In the third quarter of 2015, the Company filed an enforceable action in the amount of R$524 (US$147) referring to the final court decision in favor of the Company of the accrued interest of compulsory deposits from 1987 to 1993. Currently it is not possible to estimate the economic benefit inflow as the counterparty can appeal on the calculation. Consequently, the asset was not recognized in the financial statements.

For contingencies related to Samarco Mineração S.A., see note 4.

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*15. Income taxes*

*a) Deferred income tax*

Changes in deferred tax are as follows:

Balance at June 30, 2016 Assets — 7,289 Liabilities — 1,739 Total — 5,550
Effect in income statement (263 ) 95 (358 )
Transfers between asset and liabilities (148 ) (148 ) —
Translation adjustment (52 ) (1 ) (51 )
Other comprehensive income 23 (9 ) 32
Balance at September 30, 2016 6,849 1,676 5,173
Balance at June 30, 2015 Assets — 4,300 Liabilities — 3,089 Total — 1,211
Effect in income statement 4,605 2 4,603
Translation adjustment (934 ) (206 ) (728 )
Other comprehensive income 11 11 —
Balance at September 30, 2015 7,982 2,896 5,086
Balance at December 31, 2015 Assets — 7,904 Liabilities — 1,670 Total — 6,234
Effect in income statement (1,835 ) 40 (1,875 )
Transfers between asset and liabilities (4 ) (4 ) —
Translation adjustment 891 49 842
Other comprehensive income (107 ) (79 ) (28 )
Balance at September 30, 2016 6,849 1,676 5,173
Balance at December 31, 2014 Assets — 3,976 Liabilities — 3,341 Total — 635
Effect in income statement 5,364 (51 ) 5,415
Translation adjustment (1,375 ) (402 ) (973 )
Other comprehensive income 28 8 20
Acquisition of subsidiary (11 ) — (11 )
Balance at September 30, 2015 7,982 2,896 5,086

*b) Income tax reconciliation*

The total amount presented as income taxes in the income statement is reconciled to the rate established by law, as follows :

Three months period ended September 30 — 2016 2015 Nine months period ended September 30 — 2016 2015
Net income (loss) before income taxes 997 (6,739 ) 6,173 (8,955 )
Income taxes at statutory rates - 34% (339 ) 2,291 (2,099 ) 3,045
Adjustments that affect the basis of taxes:
Income tax benefit from interest on stockholders’ equity — — — 356
Tax incentives 92 12 190 37
Equity results 9 (119 ) 129 (137 )
Additions (reversals) of tax loss carry forward 68 2,848 (98 ) 2,848
Unrecognized tax losses of the period (170 ) (387 ) (519 ) (579 )
Others results in associates and joint ventures (11 ) — (364 ) —
Others (64 ) (142 ) 71 (392 )
Income taxes (415 ) 4,503 (2,690 ) 5,178

*c) Income taxes - Settlement program (“REFIS”)*

In 2013, the Company elected to participate in the REFIS, a federal tax settlement program, to settle most of the claims related to the collection of income tax and social contribution on equity gains of foreign subsidiaries and affiliates from 2003 to 2012.

At September 30, 2016, the balance of US$5,426 (US$449 as current and US$4,977 as non-current) is due in 145 remaining monthly installments, bearing interest at the SELIC rate.

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*16. Employee postretirement obligations*

*Reconciliation of assets and liabilities recognized in the balance sheet*

September 30, 2016 — Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Others benefits December 31, 2015 — Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Others benefits
Balance at beginning of the period 961 — — 1,301 — —
Interest income 115 — — 130 — —
Changes in asset ceiling and onerous liability 530 — — (54 ) — —
Translation adjustment 262 — — (416 ) — —
Balance at end of the period 1,868 — — 961 — —
Amount recognized in the balance sheet
Present value of actuarial liabilities (3,069 ) (4,300 ) (1,382 ) (2,474 ) (3,689 ) (1,223 )
Fair value of assets 4,937 3,497 — 3,435 3,094 —
Effect of the asset ceiling (1,868 ) — — (961 ) — —
Liabilities — (803 ) (1,382 ) — (595 ) (1,223 )
Current liabilities — (20 ) (52 ) — (17 ) (51 )
Non-current liabilities — (783 ) (1,330 ) — (578 ) (1,172 )
Liabilities — (803 ) (1,382 ) — (595 ) (1,223 )

*17. Financial instruments classification*

Financial assets September 30, 2016 — Loans and receivables or amortized cost At fair value through net income Total December 31, 2015 — Loans and receivables or amortized cost At fair value through net income Derivatives designated as hedge accounting Total
Current
Cash and cash equivalents 5,369 — 5,369 3,591 — — 3,591
Financial investments 115 — 115 28 — — 28
Derivative financial instruments — 141 141 — 121 — 121
Accounts receivable 2,556 — 2,556 1,476 — — 1,476
Related parties 66 — 66 70 — — 70
8,106 141 8,247 5,165 121 — 5,286
Non-current
Derivative financial instruments — 504 504 — 93 — 93
Loans 182 — 182 188 — — 188
Related parties 19 — 19 1 — — 1
201 504 705 189 93 — 282
Total of financial assets 8,307 645 8,952 5,354 214 — 5,568
Financial liabilities
Current
Suppliers and contractors 3,751 — 3,751 3,365 — — 3,365
Derivative financial instruments — 868 868 — 2,023 53 2,076
Loans and borrowings 2,181 — 2,181 2,506 — — 2,506
Related parties 558 — 558 475 — — 475
6,490 868 7,358 6,346 2,023 53 8,422
Non-current
Derivative financial instruments — 1,167 1,167 — 1,429 — 1,429
Loans and borrowings 29,268 — 29,268 26,347 — — 26,347
Related parties 137 — 137 213 — — 213
Participative stockholders’ debentures — 658 658 — 342 — 342
Others (i) — 252 252 — 141 — 141
29,405 2,077 31,482 26,560 1,912 — 28,472
Total of financial liabilities 35,895 2,945 38,840 32,906 3,935 53 36,894

(i) See note 18(a).

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*18. Fair value estimate*

*a) Assets and liabilities measured and recognized at fair value:*

September 30, 2016 — Level 2 Level 3 Total December 31, 2015 — Level 2 Level 3 Total
Financial assets
Derivative financial instruments 316 329 645 214 — 214
Total 316 329 645 214 — 214
Financial liabilities
Derivative financial instruments 1,787 248 2,035 3,505 — 3,505
Participative stockholders’ debentures 658 — 658 342 — 342
Others (minimum return instrument) — 252 252 — 141 141
Total 2,445 500 2,945 3,847 141 3,988

There are no changes in the methods and techniques of evaluation of instruments above compared to disclosed in the financial statements as at December 31, 2015.

*b) Fair value of financial instruments not measured at fair value*

The fair values and carrying amounts of loans (net of interest) are as follows :

Financial liabilities Balance Fair value Level 1 Level 2
September 30, 2016
Debt principal 30,827 29,789 14,288 15,501
December 31, 2015
Debt principal 28,229 26,233 12,297 13,936

*19. Derivative financial instruments*

*a) Derivatives effects on balance sheet*

Assets — September 30, 2016 December 31, 2015
Current Non-current Current Non-current
Derivatives not designated as hedge accounting
Foreign exchange and interest rate risk
CDI & TJLP vs. US$ fixed and floating rate swap 131 — 69 —
IPCA swap 7 74 2 16
Pré-dolar swap 2 16 — —
140 90 71 16
Commodities price risk
Nickel 1 5 50 11
1 5 50 11
Others — 409 — 66
— 409 — 66
Total 141 504 121 93

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Liabilities — September 30, 2016 December 31, 2015
Current Non-current Current Non-current
Derivatives not designated as hedge accounting
Foreign exchange and interest rate risk
CDI & TJLP vs. US$ fixed and floating rate swap 659 779 799 1,131
IPCA swap 19 75 21 101
Eurobonds swap 6 24 146 29
Euro Forward 7 — — —
Pre dollar swap 20 36 93 72
711 914 1,059 1,333
Commodities price risk
Nickel 2 4 40 10
Bunker oil 155 — 924 —
157 4 964 10
Others — 249 — 86
— 249 — 86
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedge accounting
Bunker oil — — 50 —
Foreign exchange — — 3 —
— — 53 —
Total 868 1,167 2,076 1,429

*b) Effects of derivatives on the income statement, cash flow and other comprehensive income*

Three months period ended September 30
Gain (loss) recognized in the income statement Financial settlement inflows(outflows) Gain(loss) recognized in other comprehensive income
2016 2015 2016 2015 2016 2015
Derivatives not designated as hedge accounting
Foreign exchange and interest rate risk
CDI & TJLP vs. US$ fixed and floating rate swap (57 ) (891 ) 4 2 — —
IPCA swap 1 (110 ) (26 ) — — —
Eurobonds swap 9 (14 ) — — — —
Euro forward 5 — — — — —
Pre dollar swap (7 ) (181 ) — (3 ) — —
(49 ) (1,196 ) (22 ) (1 ) — —
Commodities price risk
Nickel (3 ) (19 ) (3 ) (22 ) — —
Bunker oil (7 ) (530 ) (166 ) (30 ) — —
(10 ) (549 ) (169 ) (52 ) — —
Others 20 (43 ) — — — —
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedge accounting
Bunker oil — (121 ) — (104 ) — 22
Foreign exchange — (11 ) — (10 ) — 5
— (132 ) — (114 ) — 27
Total (39 ) (1,920 ) (191 ) (167 ) — 27

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Nine months period ended September 30
Gain (loss) recognized in the income statement Financial settlement inflows(outflows) Gain(loss) recognized in other comprehensive income
2016 2015 2016 2015 2016 2015
Derivatives not designated as hedge accounting
Foreign exchange and interest rate risk
CDI & TJLP vs. US$ fixed and floating rate swap 781 (1,662 ) (88 ) (334 ) — —
IPCA swap 74 (159 ) (25 ) 7 — —
Eurobonds swap 3 (137 ) (142 ) (13 ) — —
Euro forward (7 ) — — — — —
Pre dollar swap 69 (257 ) (74 ) (7 ) — —
920 (2,215 ) (329 ) (347 ) — —
Commodities price risk
Nickel (40 ) (38 ) (29 ) (48 ) — —
Bunker oil 127 (500 ) (642 ) (175 ) — —
87 (538 ) (671 ) (223 ) — —
Others 156 (114 ) — — — —
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedge accounting
Bunker oil — (305 ) (51 ) (322 ) — 310
Foreign exchange (3 ) (35 ) (3 ) (35 ) 2 12
(3 ) (340 ) (54 ) (357 ) 2 322
Total 1,160 (3,207 ) (1,054 ) (927 ) 2 322

During 2015, the Company implemented bunker oil purchase cash flows protection program and recognized as cost of goods sold and services rendered and financial expense the amounts of US$118 and US$1,799 for the three months period ended on September 30, 2015, respectively, and the amounts of US$299 and US$2,902 for the nine months period ended on September 30, 2015, respectively. In 2016, all derivatives impacts were charged to financial results.

The maturity dates of the derivative financial instruments are as follows:

Last maturity dates
Currencies and interest rates July 2023
Bunker oil December 2016
Nickel September 2018
Others December 2027

*Additional information about derivatives financial instruments*

The risk of the derivatives portfolio is measured using the delta-Normal parametric approach, and considers that the future distribution of the risk factors and its correlations tends to present the same statistic properties verified in the historical data. The value at risk estimate considers a 95% confidence level for a one-business day time horizon.

There was no cash amount deposited as margin call regarding derivative positions on September 30, 2016. The derivative positions described in this document did not have initial costs associated.

The following tables detail the derivatives positions for Vale and its controlled companies as of September 30, 2016, with the following information: notional amount, fair value including credit risk, gains or losses in the period, value at risk and the fair value breakdown by year of maturity.

*a) Foreign exchange and interest rates derivative positions*

*(i) Protection programs for the R$ denominated debt instruments*

In order to reduce cash flow volatility, swap transactions were implemented to convert into US$ the cash flows from certain debt instruments denominated in R$ with interest rates linked mainly to CDI, TJLP and IPCA. In those swaps, Vale pays fixed or floating rates in US$ and receives payments in R$ linked to the interest rates of the protected debt instruments.

The swap transactions were negotiated over-the-counter and the protected items are the cash flows from debt instruments linked to R$. These programs transform into US$ the obligations linked to R$ to achieve a currency offset in the Company’s cash flows, by matching its receivables - mainly linked to US$ - with its payables.

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Liquidação financeira
Valor principal Valor justo Entradas (Saídas) Valor em Risco Valor justo por ano
Fluxo 30 de Setembro de 2016 31 de Dezembro de 2015 Índice Taxa Média 30 de Setembro de 2016 31 de Dezembro de 2015 30 de Setembro de 2016 30 de Setembro de 2016 2016 2017 2018 2019+
Swap CDI vs. Taxa Fixa em US$ (580 ) (783 ) 105 51 (420 ) 25 (186 ) —
Ativo R$ 6,289 R$ 5,239 CDI 106.78 %
Passivo US$ 2,563 US$ 2,288 Pré 3.46 %
Swap TJLP vs. Taxa Fixa em US$ (671 ) (1,015 ) (189 ) 69 (14 ) (220 ) (109 ) (329 )
Ativo R$ 4,559 R$ 5,484 TJLP + 1.33 %
Passivo US$ 2,126 US$ 2,611 Pré 1.72 %
Swap TJLP vs. Taxa flutuante em US$ (56 ) (63 ) (2 ) 5 (1 ) (3 ) (4 ) (48 )
Ativo R$ 253 R$ 267 TJLP + 0.92 %
Passivo US$ 147 US$ 156 Libor + -1.21 %
Swap Taxa Fixa em R$ vs. Taxa Fixa em US$ (38 ) (165 ) (76 ) 23 (15 ) (4 ) 12 (30 )
Ativo R$ 1,107 R$ 1,356 Pré 7.43 %
Passivo US$ 383 US$ 528 Pré -0.79 %
Swap IPCA vs. Taxa Fixa em US$ (59 ) (105 ) 1 12 — 7 5.2 (70 )
Ativo R$ 1,000 R$ 1,000 IPCA + 6.55 %
Passivo US$ 434 US$ 434 Pré 0
Swap IPCA vs. CDI 46 2 (26 ) 0.4 — (19 ) (9 ) 73
Ativo R$ 1,350 R$ 1,350 IPCA + 6.62 %
Passivo R$ 1,350 US$ 1,350 CDI 98.58 %

*(ii) Protection program for EUR denominated debt instruments*

In order to reduce the cash flow volatility, swap and forward transactions were implemented to convert into US$ the cash flows from certain debt instruments issued in Euros by Vale. In those swaps, Vale receives fixed rates in EUR and pays fixed rates in US$. And in those forwards only the principal amount of the debt is converted from EUR to US$.

The swap and forward transactions were negotiated over-the-counter and the protected items are the cash flows from debt instruments linked to EUR. The financial settlement inflows/outflows are offset by the protected items’ losses/gains due to EUR/US$ exchange rate.

Liquidação financeira
Valor principal Valor justo Entradas (Saídas) Valor em Risco Valor justo por ano
Fluxo 30 de Setembro de 2016 31 de Dezembro de 2015 Índice Taxa Média 30 de Setembro de 2016 31 de Dezembro de 2015 30 de Setembro de 2016 30 de Setembro de 2016 2016 2017 2018 2019+
Swap Taxa Fixa em EUR vs. Taxa Fixa em US$ (30 ) (175 ) (141 ) 12 — (5 ) (5 ) (19 )
Ativo € 500 € 1,000 Pré 3.75 %
Passivo US$ 613 US$ 1,302 Pré 4.29 %
Valor principal Compra / Taxa Média Valor justo Liquidação financeira — Entradas (Saídas) Valor em Risco Valor justo por ano
Fluxo 30 de Setembro de 2016 31 de Dezembro de 2015 Venda (USD/EUR) 30 de Setembro de 2016 31 de Dezembro de 2015 30 de Setembro de 2016 30 de Setembro de 2016 2016 2017
Termo € 500 — C 1.143 (7 ) — — 6.1 — (8 )

*(iii) Foreign exchange hedging program for disbursements in CAD*

In order to reduce the cash flow volatility, forward transactions were implemented to mitigate the foreign exchange exposure that arises from the currency mismatch between revenues denominated in US$ and disbursements denominated in CAD.

The forward transactions were negotiated over-the-counter and the protected item is part of the CAD denominated disbursements. The financial settlement inflows/outflows are offset by the protected items’ losses/gains due to CAD/US$ exchange rate. This program is classified under the hedge accounting requirements, and it was settled in the first quarter.

Notional Bought / Average rate Fair value Financial Settlement — Inflows (Outflows) Value at Risk Fair value — by year
Flow September 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Sold (CAD / USD) September 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 September 30, 2016 September 30, 2016 2016
Forwards — CAD 10 B 1.028 — (2 ) — — —

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*b) Commodities derivative positions*

*(i) Bunker Oil purchase cash flows protection program*

In order to partially reduce the impact of bunker oil price fluctuation on maritime freight hiring/supply and, consequently, reducing the company’s cash flow volatility, bunker oil derivatives were implemented. These transactions are usually executed through forward purchases and zero cost-collars.

The derivative transactions were negotiated over-the-counter and the protected item is part of the Vale’s costs linked to bunker oil prices. The financial settlement inflows/outflows are offset by the protected items’ losses/gains due to bunker oil prices changes.

Notional (ton) Bought / Average strike Fair value Financial settlement — Inflows (Outflows) Value at Risk Fair value — by year
Flow September 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Sold (US$/ton) September 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 September 30, 2016 September 30, 2016 2016
Bunker Oil protection
Forwards 352,500 1,867,500 B 511 (88 ) (577 ) (457 ) 4 (88 )
Call options 540,000 2,041,500 B 380 0.18 0.02 — 0.12 0.18
Put options 540,000 2,041,500 S 300 (27 ) (297 ) (173 ) 5 (27 )
Total (115 ) (873 ) (115 )

As at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, excludes US$40 e US$101, respectively, of transactions in which the financial settlement occurs subsequently of the closing month.

*(ii) Protection programs for base metals raw materials and products*

In the operational protection program for nickel sales at fixed prices, derivatives transactions were implemented to convert into floating prices the contracts with clients that required a fixed price, in order to keep nickel revenues exposed to nickel price fluctuations. Those operations are usually implemented through the purchase of nickel forwards.

In the operational protection program for the purchase of raw materials and products, derivatives transactions were implemented, usually through the sale of nickel and copper forward or futures, in order to reduce the mismatch between the pricing period of purchases (concentrate, cathode, sinter, scrap and others) and the pricing period of the final product sales to the clients.

The derivative transactions are negotiated at London Metal Exchange or over-the-counter and the protected item is part of Vale’s revenues and costs linked to nickel and copper prices. The financial settlement inflows/outflows are offset by the protected items’ losses/gains due to nickel and copper prices changes.

Financial settlement
Notional (ton) Bought / Average strike Fair value Inflows (Outflows) Value at Risk Fair value by year
Flow September 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Sold (US$/ton) September 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 September 30, 2016 September 30, 2016 2016 2017 2018
Fixed price sales protection
Nickel forwards 12,923 16,917 B 10,272 4 (46 ) (30 ) 4 (1 ) 2 3
Raw material purchase protection
Nickel forwards 153 118 S 9,890 (0.11 ) 0.10 (0.10 ) 0.05 (0.11 ) — —
Copper forwards 1,262 385 S 4,873 (0.00 ) 0.09 0.09 0.05 (0.00 ) — —
Total (0.11 ) 0.19 (0.11 ) — —

*c) Silver Wheaton Corp. warrants*

The company owns warrants of Silver Wheaton Corp. (SLW), a Canadian company with stocks negotiated in Toronto Stock Exchange and New York Stock Exchange. Such warrants configure American call options and were received as part of the payment regarding the sale of part of gold payable flows produced as a sub product from Salobo copper mine and some nickel mines in Sudbury.

Notional (quantity) Bought / Average strike Fair value Financial settlement — Inflows (Outflows) Value at Risk Fair value — by year
Flow September 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Sold (US$/share) September 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 September 30, 2016 September 30, 2016 2023
Call options 10,000,000 10,000,000 B 44 80 7 — 8 80

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*d) Call options from debentures*

The company has debentures in which lenders have call options of a specified quantity of Ferrovia Norte Sul S.A. ordinary shares, later changed to VLI S.A. shares. The call option’s strike price is given by the debentures’ remaining notional in each exercise date.

Notional (quantity) Bought / Average strike Fair value Financial settlement — Inflows (Outflows) Value at Risk Fair value — by year
Flow September 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Sold (R$/share) September 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 September 30, 2016 September 30, 2016 2027
Call options 140,239 140,239 S 8,570 (37 ) (39 ) — 2 (37 )

*e) Options related to Minerações Brasileiras Reunidas S.A. (“MBR”) shares*

The Company entered into a contract that has options related to MBR shares. Under certain restrict and contingent conditions, which are beyond the buyer’s control, such as illegality due to changes in the law, the contract has a clause that gives the buyer the right to sell back its stake to the Company. It this case, the Company could settle through cash or shares. On the other hand, the Company has the right to buy back this non-controlling interest in the subsidiary.

Notional (quantity, in millions) Bought / Average strike Fair value Financial settlement — Inflows (Outflows) Value at Risk Fair value — by year
Flow September 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Sold (R$/share) September 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 September 30, 2016 September 30, 2016 2016+
Options 2,139 2,139 B/S 1.9 119 15 — 10 119

*f) Embedded derivatives in commercial contracts*

The Company has some nickel concentrate and raw materials purchase agreements in which there are provisions based on nickel and copper future prices behavior. These provisions are considered as embedded derivatives.

Notional (ton) Bought / Average strike Fair value Financial settlement — Inflows (Outflows) Value at Risk Fair value — by year
Flow September 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Sold (US$/ton) September 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 September 30, 2016 September 30, 2016 2016
Nickel forwards 5,538 3,877 S 10,236 0.3 3.0 0.3
Copper forwards 4,527 5,939 S 4,768 0.3 2.0 0.3
Total 0.5 5.0 — 2.3 0.5

The Company has also a natural gas purchase agreement in which there´s a clause that defines that a premium can be charged if the Company’s pellet sales prices trade above a pre-defined level. This clause is considered an embedded derivative.

Financial settlement
Notional (volume/month) Bought / Average strike Fair value Inflows (Outflows) Value at Risk Fair value by year
Flow September 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 Sold (US$/ton) September 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 September 30, 2016 September 30, 2016 2016 2017 2018+
Call options 746,667 746,667 S 179 (1.7 ) — — 1.1 (0.0 ) (0.0 ) (1.7 )

*g) Sensitivity analysis of derivative financial instruments*

The following tables present the potential value of the instruments given hypothetical stress scenarios for the main market risk factors that impact the derivatives positions. The scenarios were defined as follows:

· Scenario I : fair value calculation considering market prices as of September 30, 2016

· Scenario II : fair value estimated considering a 25% deterioration in the associated risk variables

· Scenario III : fair value estimated considering a 50% deterioration in the associated risk variables

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Instrument Instrument’s main risk events Scenario I Scenario II Scenario III
CDI vs. US$ fixed rate swap R$ depreciation (581 ) (1,235 ) (1,889 )
US$ interest rate inside Brazil decrease (581 ) (588 ) (596 )
Brazilian interest rate increase (581 ) (582 ) (584 )
Protected item: R$ denominated debt R$ depreciation n.a. — —
TJLP vs. US$ fixed rate swap R$ depreciation (671 ) (1,193 ) (1,715 )
US$ interest rate inside Brazil decrease (671 ) (696 ) (721 )
Brazilian interest rate increase (671 ) (732 ) (788 )
TJLP interest rate decrease (671 ) (714 ) (758 )
Protected item: R$ denominated debt R$ depreciation n.a. — —
TJLP vs. US$ floating rate swap R$ depreciation (56 ) (90 ) (124 )
US$ interest rate inside Brazil decrease (56 ) (58 ) (61 )
Brazilian interest rate increase (56 ) (60 ) (64 )
TJLP interest rate decrease (56 ) (59 ) (62 )
Protected item: R$ denominated debt R$ depreciation n.a. — —
R$ fixed rate vs. US$ fixed rate swap R$ depreciation (38 ) (138 ) (238 )
US$ interest rate inside Brazil decrease (38 ) (49 ) (61 )
Brazilian interest rate increase (38 ) (67 ) (93 )
Protected item: R$ denominated debt R$ depreciation n.a. — —
IPCA vs. US$ fixed rate swap R$ depreciation (59 ) (176 ) (294 )
US$ interest rate inside Brazil decrease (59 ) (65 ) (73 )
Brazilian interest rate increase (59 ) (88 ) (114 )
IPCA index decrease (59 ) (73 ) (88 )
Protected item: R$ denominated debt R$ depreciation n.a. — —
IPCA vs. CDI swap Brazilian interest rate increase 46 (1 ) (42 )
IPCA index decrease 46 22 (1 )
Protected item: R$ denominated debt linked to IPCA IPCA index decrease n.a. (22 ) 1
EUR fixed rate vs. US$ fixed rate swap EUR depreciation (30 ) (207 ) (385 )
Euribor increase (30 ) (33 ) (36 )
US$ Libor decrease (30 ) (43 ) (56 )
Protected item: EUR denominated debt EUR depreciation n.a. 207 385
EUR Forward EUR depreciation (8 ) (148 ) (288 )
Euribor increase (8 ) (8 ) (8 )
US$ Libor decrease (8 ) (8 ) (9 )
Protected item: EUR denominated debt EUR depreciation n.a. 148 288
Instrument Instrument’s main risk events Scenario I Scenario II Scenario III
Bunker Oil protection
Forwards and options Bunker Oil price decrease (115 ) (169 ) (227 )
Protected item: Part of costs linked to bunker oil prices Bunker Oil price decrease n.a. 169 227
Nickel sales fixed price protection
Forwards Nickel price decrease 4 (30 ) (64 )
Protected item: Part of nickel revenues with fixed prices Nickel price fluctuation n.a. 30 64
Purchase protection program
Nickel forwards Nickel price increase (0.1 ) (0.5 ) (0.9 )
Protected item: Part of costs linked to nickel prices Nickel price increase n.a. 0.5 0.9
Copper forwards Copper price increase (0.0 ) (0.6 ) (1.2 )
Protected item: Part of costs linked to copper prices Copper price increase n.a. 0.6 1.2
SLW warrants SLW stock price decrease 80 44 15
VLI call options VLI stock value increase (37 ) (56 ) (79 )
Options regarding non-controlling interest in subsidiary Subsidiary stock value decrease 119 20 (49 )

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Instrument Main risks Scenario I Scenario II Scenario III
Embedded derivatives - Raw material purchase (nickel) Nickel price increase 0.3 (13.8 ) (27.9 )
Embedded derivatives - Raw material purchase (copper) Copper price increase 0.3 (5.1 ) (10.4 )
Embedded derivatives - Gas purchase Pellet price increase (0.5 ) (2.3 ) (4.9 )

*h) Financial counterparties’ ratings*

The transactions of derivative instruments, cash and cash equivalents as well as investments are held with financial institutions whose exposure limits are periodically reviewed and approved by the delegated authority. The financial institutions credit risk is performed through a methodology that considers, among other information, ratings provided by international rating agencies.

The table below presents the ratings in foreign currency published by agencies Moody’s and S&P regarding the main financial institutions that we had outstanding positions as of September 30, 2016.

Long term ratings by counterparty Moody’s S&P
ANZ Australia and New Zealand Banking Aa2 AA-
Banco Bradesco Ba3 BB
Banco de Credito del Peru Baa1 BBB
Banco do Brasil Ba3 BB
Banco do Nordeste Ba3 BB
Banco Safra Ba3 BB
Banco Santander Ba3 BB
Banco Votorantim Ba3 BB
Bank of America Baa1 BBB+
Bank of Nova Scotia Aa3 A+
Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ A1 A
Banpara Ba3 BB-
Barclays Baa3 BBB
BBVA A3 BBB+
BNP Paribas A1 A
BTG Pactual Ba3 BB-
Caixa Economica Federal Ba3 BB
Citigroup Baa1 BBB+
Credit Agricole A1 A
Deutsche Bank A3 BBB+
Goldman Sachs A3 BBB+
HSBC A1 A
Intesa Sanpaolo Spa A3 BBB-
Itau Unibanco Ba3 BB
JP Morgan Chase & Co A3 A-
Macquarie Group Ltd A3 BBB
Morgan Stanley A3 BBB+
National Australia Bank NAB Aa2 AA-
Royal Bank of Canada Aa3 AA-
Societe Generale A2 A
Standard Bank Group Baa3 —
Standard Chartered A1 BBB+

*i) Market curves*

The curves used on the pricing of derivatives instruments were developed based on data from BM&F, Central Bank of Brazil, London Metals Exchange and Bloomberg.

*(i) Products*

*Nickel*

Maturity Price (US$/ton) Maturity Price (US$/ton) Maturity Price (US$/ton)
SPOT 10,460 MAR17 10,617 SEP17 10,683
OCT16 10,544 APR17 10,627 SEP18 10,798
NOV16 10,560 MAY17 10,640 SEP19 10,882
DEC16 10,578 JUN17 10,650 SEP20 10,964
JAN17 10,593 JUL17 10,662
FEB17 10,605 AUG17 10,673

*Copper*

Maturity Price (US$/lb) Maturity Price (US$/lb) Maturity Price (US$/lb)
SPOT 2.21 MAR17 2.21 SEP17 2.22
OCT16 2.20 APR17 2.22 SEP18 2.23
NOV16 2.21 MAY17 2.22 SEP19 2.25
DEC16 2.21 JUN17 2.22 SEP20 2.26
JAN17 2.21 JUL17 2.22
FEB17 2.21 AUG17 2.22

*Bunker Oil*

Maturity Price (US$/ton) Maturity Price (US$/ton) Maturity Price (US$/ton)
SPOT 256 MAR17 262 SEP17 267
OCT16 259 APR17 263 SEP18 280
NOV16 262 MAY17 264 SEP19 293
DEC16 262 JUN17 264 SEP20 308
JAN17 262 JUL17 265
FEB17 261 AUG17 266

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*(ii) Foreign exchange and interest rates*

*US$-Brazil Interest Rate*

Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.)
11/01/16 1.61 09/01/17 2.00 01/02/20 2.86
12/01/16 1.74 10/02/17 2.05 04/01/20 2.98
01/02/17 1.78 01/02/18 2.17 07/01/20 3.07
02/01/17 1.81 04/02/18 2.25 10/01/20 3.18
03/01/17 1.82 07/02/18 2.36 01/04/21 3.28
04/03/17 1.83 10/01/18 2.42 04/01/21 3.34
05/02/17 1.86 01/02/19 2.54 07/01/21 3.43
06/01/17 1.92 04/01/19 2.62 10/01/21 3.52
07/03/17 1.93 07/01/19 2.68 01/03/22 3.57
08/01/17 1.99 10/01/19 2.72 01/02/23 3.87

*US$ Interest Rate*

Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.)
1M 0.53 6M 0.91 11M 0.94
2M 0.65 7M 0.92 12M 0.94
3M 0.85 8M 0.93 2Y 1.02
4M 0.88 9M 0.93 3Y 1.08
5M 0.90 10M 0.94 4Y 1.15

*TJLP*

Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.)
11/01/16 7.50 09/01/17 7.50 01/02/20 7.50
12/01/16 7.50 10/02/17 7.50 04/01/20 7.50
01/02/17 7.50 01/02/18 7.50 07/01/20 7.50
02/01/17 7.50 04/02/18 7.50 10/01/20 7.50
03/01/17 7.50 07/02/18 7.50 01/04/21 7.50
04/03/17 7.50 10/01/18 7.50 04/01/21 7.50
05/02/17 7.50 01/02/19 7.50 07/01/21 7.50
06/01/17 7.50 04/01/19 7.50 10/01/21 7.50
07/03/17 7.50 07/01/19 7.50 01/03/22 7.50
08/01/17 7.50 10/01/19 7.50 01/02/23 7.50

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*BRL Interest Rate*

Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.)
11/01/16 14.03 09/01/17 12.58 01/02/20 11.58
12/01/16 13.93 10/02/17 12.48 04/01/20 11.60
01/02/17 13.77 01/02/18 12.19 07/01/20 11.61
02/01/17 13.60 04/02/18 12.01 10/01/20 11.59
03/01/17 13.48 07/02/18 11.85 01/04/21 11.58
04/03/17 13.32 10/01/18 11.73 04/01/21 11.59
05/02/17 13.16 01/02/19 11.63 07/01/21 11.59
06/01/17 13.00 04/01/19 11.59 10/01/21 11.60
07/03/17 12.88 07/01/19 11.57 01/03/22 11.60
08/01/17 12.72 10/01/19 11.58 01/02/23 11.68

*Implicit Inflation (IPCA)*

Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.)
11/01/16 7.40 09/01/17 6.04 01/02/20 5.27
12/01/16 7.32 10/02/17 5.95 04/01/20 5.29
01/02/17 7.16 01/02/18 5.75 07/01/20 5.30
02/01/17 7.00 04/02/18 5.63 10/01/20 5.29
03/01/17 6.89 07/02/18 5.50 01/04/21 5.28
04/03/17 6.74 10/01/18 5.41 04/01/21 5.29
05/02/17 6.59 01/02/19 5.32 07/01/21 5.30
06/01/17 6.43 04/01/19 5.28 10/01/21 5.31
07/03/17 6.32 07/01/19 5.26 01/03/22 5.32
08/01/17 6.17 10/01/19 5.27 01/02/23 5.43

*EUR Interest Rate*

Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.)
1M -0.38 6M -0.11 11M -0.01
2M -0.35 7M -0.08 12M 0.00
3M -0.32 8M -0.05 2Y -0.22
4M -0.21 9M -0.04 3Y -0.21
5M -0.15 10M -0.02 4Y -0.19

*CAD Interest Rate*

Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.)
1M 0.88 6M 1.01 11M 0.10
2M 0.89 7M 0.74 12M 0.01
3M 0.90 8M 0.51 2Y 0.88
4M 0.96 9M 0.34 3Y 0.91
5M 1.00 10M 0.21 4Y 0.95

*Currencies - Ending rates*

CAD/US$ 0.7623 US$/BRL 3.2462 EUR/US$ 1.1222

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*20. Stockholders’ equity*

*a) Share capital*

At September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the share capital was US$61,614 corresponding to 5,244,316,120 shares issued and fully paid without par value.

September 30, 2016 — ON PNA Total
Stockholders
Valepar S.A. 1,716,435,045 20,340,000 1,736,775,045
Brazilian Government (Golden Share) — 12 12
Foreign investors - ADRs 792,920,634 640,657,142 1,433,577,776
FMP - FGTS 75,083,246 — 75,083,246
PIBB - BNDES 742,578 993,751 1,736,329
BNDESPar 206,378,882 66,185,272 272,564,154
Foreign institutional investors in local market 273,953,175 746,942,370 1,020,895,545
Institutional investors 76,600,716 128,382,435 204,983,151
Retail investors in Brazil 43,538,724 364,220,944 407,759,668
Shares outstanding 3,185,653,000 1,967,721,926 5,153,374,926
Shares in treasury 31,535,402 59,405,792 90,941,194
Total issued shares 3,217,188,402 2,027,127,718 5,244,316,120
Amounts per class of shares (in millions) 38,525 23,089 61,614
Total authorized shares 3,600,000,000 7,200,000,000 10,800,000,000

*b) Basic and diluted earnings per share*

Basic and diluted earnings per share are as follows:

Three months period ended Nine months period ended
September 30 September 30
2016 2015 2016 2015
Net income (loss) attributable to Vale’s stockholders 575 (2,117 ) 3,457 (3,560 )
Basic and diluted earnings per share:
Income (loss) available to preferred stockholders 220 (808 ) 1,320 (1,359 )
Income (loss) available to common stockholders 355 (1,309 ) 2,137 (2,201 )
Total 575 (2,117 ) 3,457 (3,560 )
Thousands of shares
Weighted average number of shares outstanding - preferred shares 1,967,722 1,967,722 1,967,722 1,967,722
Weighted average number of shares outstanding - common shares 3,185,653 3,185,653 3,185,653 3,185,653
Total 5,153,375 5,153,375 5,153,375 5,153,375
Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share
Preferred share 0.11 (0.41 ) 0.67 (0.69 )
Common share 0.11 (0.41 ) 0.67 (0.69 )

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*21. Costs and expenses by nature*

*a) Cost of goods sold and services rendered*

Three months period ended September 30 — 2016 2015 Nine months period ended September 30 — 2016 2015
Personnel 581 567 1,681 1,724
Materials and services 1,017 980 2,955 2,925
Fuel oil and gas 338 315 962 974
Maintenance 739 595 2,015 1,939
Energy 215 139 568 452
Acquisition of products 132 168 361 672
Depreciation and depletion 899 861 2,577 2,654
Freight 617 909 1,728 2,534
Others 417 506 1,152 1,520
Total 4,955 5,040 13,999 15,394
Cost of goods sold 4,817 4,925 13,639 14,994
Cost of services rendered 138 115 360 400
Total 4,955 5,040 13,999 15,394

*b) Selling and administrative expenses*

Three months period ended September 30 — 2016 2015 Nine months period ended September 30 — 2016 2015
Personnel 61 56 170 212
Services (consulting, infrastructure and others) 19 26 53 80
Advertising and publicity 2 4 5 10
Depreciation and amortization 37 31 93 95
Travel expenses 2 3 5 9
Taxes and rents 4 3 11 13
Others 28 8 75 66
Total 153 131 412 485

*c) Others operational expenses (incomes), net*

Three months period ended September 30 — 2016 2015 Nine months period ended September 30 — 2016 2015
Provision for litigation 32 (4 ) 126 20
Provision for loss with VAT credits (ICMS) 27 55 62 157
Provision for profit sharing program 20 1 26 20
Provision (reversals) for disposal of materials and inventories 4 7 (73 ) 101
Gold stream transaction (150 ) — (150 ) (230 )
Others 16 54 153 202
Total (51 ) 113 144 270

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*22. Financial result*

Three months period ended September 30 — 2016 2015 Nine months period ended September 30 — 2016 2015
Financial expenses
Loans and borrowings gross interest (466 ) (434 ) (1,330 ) (1,230 )
Capitalized loans and borrowing costs 172 195 562 568
Labor, tax and civil lawsuits (4 ) 10 (25 ) (40 )
Derivative financial instruments (101 ) (1,799 ) (325 ) (3,224 )
Indexation and exchange rate variation (a) (605 ) (7,581 ) (2,830 ) (13,518 )
Participative stockholders’ debentures (48 ) 75 (250 ) 711
Expenses of REFIS (144 ) (138 ) (387 ) (425 )
Others (225 ) (60 ) (526 ) (371 )
(1,421 ) (9,732 ) (5,111 ) (17,529 )
Financial income
Short-term investments 6 51 75 98
Derivative financial instruments 62 — 1,485 322
Indexation and exchange rate variation (b) 277 2,464 5,966 5,865
Others 29 41 54 90
374 2,556 7,580 6,375
Financial results, net (1,047 ) (7,176 ) 2,469 (11,154 )
Summary of indexation and exchange rate variation
Loans and borrowings (295 ) (6,913 ) 5,124 (11,035 )
Others (33 ) 1,796 (1,988 ) 3,382
Net (a) + (b) (328 ) (5,117 ) 3,136 (7,653 )

*23. Deferred revenue - Gold stream*

In August 2016, the Company entered into an amendment to the original agreement with Silver Wheaton Corp. (“SLW”) to sell an additional 25% premium of the payable gold stream in copper concentrate from the Salobo copper mine for the life of the mine. In this transaction, the Company received: (i) an initial cash payment of US$800 ; (ii) an option value with a reduction of the exercise price, from US$65.00 to US$43.75, of the 10 million warrants of SLW held by Vale since 2013 and maturing in 2023; and (iii) future cash payments for each ounce of gold delivered to SLW under the agreement, equal to the lesser of US$400 per oz (plus a 1% annual adjustment from 2019 onwards) and the prevailing market price.

Vale may also receive an additional cash payment contingent on its decision to expand its capacity to process Salobo copper ores to more than 28 Mtpy before 2036. Salobo I and Salobo II, which are ramping up, will have a total capacity to process 24 Mtpy of run-of-mine (ROM). The contingent additional cash payment could range from US$113 to US$953 depending on ore grade, timing and size of the expansion.

This transaction was bifurcated into two identifiable components (i) the sale of the mineral rights which resulted in US$150 gain in the income statement under “Other operating income (expenses), net” and, (ii) US$549 recorded as deferred revenue (liability) related to the services for gold extraction on the portion in which Vale operates as an agent for SLW gold extraction.

After the completion of this transaction SLW holds 75% of the payable gold stream in copper concentrated from the Salobo mine and 70% of the gold extracted during the next 20 years as a by-product of the Sudbury nickel mines. During the three months period ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, the Company recognized US$58 and US$23, respectively, and during the nine months period ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, US$141 and US$70, respectively, in income statement related to rendered services of the original and amended transactions.

Defining the gain on sale of mineral interest and the deferred revenue portion of the transaction required the use of critical accounting estimates as follow:

· Discount rates used to measure the present value of future inflows and outflows;

· Allocation of costs between copper and gold based on relative prices;

· Expected margin for the independent elements (sale of mineral rights and service for gold extraction) based on Company’s best estimate.

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*24. Commitments*

*a) Base metals operations*

In December 2015, the put option related to the dilution of Sumic Nickel Netherland B.V. (“Sumic”) interest in Vale Nouvelle-Calédonie S.A.S. (“VNC”) was automatically triggered.

In March 2016, Vale Canada Limited purchased the equity interest held by Sumic in VNC for US$135.

*b) Participative stockholders’ debentures*

At October 3rd, 2016 (subsequently event), the company has paid the semiannual remuneration to stockholders debentures the amount of US$51 (R$164).

*c) Operating lease and purchase obligations*

The future payment commitments for operating lease and purchase obligations are as follows:

2016 37
2017 55
2018 58
2019 50
2020 and thereafter 53
Total minimum payments required 253

*d) Guarantees provided*

As of September 30, 2016, corporate guarantees provided by Vale (within the limit of its direct or indirect interest) for the companies Norte Energia S.A. and Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecém S.A. totaled US$354 and US$1,351, respectively.

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*25. Related parties*

Transactions with related parties are made by the Company at arm´s-length, observing the price and usual market conditions and therefore do not generate any undue benefit to their counterparties or loss to the Company.

In the normal course of operations, Vale enters into contracts with related parties (associates, joint ventures and stockholders), related to the sale and purchase of products and services, loans, derivatives, leasing of assets, sale of raw material and railway transportation services.

The balances of these related party transactions and their effects on the financial statements are as follows:

Assets
September 30, 2016 December 31, 2015
Cash and cash equivalents Derivative financial instruments Accounts receivable Related parties Cash and cash equivalents Derivative financial instruments Accounts receivable Related parties
Banco Bradesco S.A. 536 219 — — 37 66 — —
Banco do Brasil S.A. 155 31 — — 395 16 — —
Baovale Mineração S.A. — — — — — — — 1
Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização — — — 14 — — — 6
Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização — — 2 — — — 1 4
Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização — — — — — — — 8
Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização — — — 22 — — — 9
Companhia Siderúrgica do Atlântico — — — 16 — — — —
Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecem — — 57 — — — — —
Consórcio de Rebocadores da Baia de São Marcos — — 12 — — — 15 —
Ferrovia Norte Sul S.A. — — 1 — — — 3 —
Mitsui & Co., Ltd. — — 3 — — — 1 —
MRS Logística S.A. — — — 19 — — — 17
VLI Multimodal S.A. — — 5 — — — 9 —
VLI Operações Portuárias S.A. — — 2 — — — 25 —
VLI S.A. — — 2 12 — — — 10
Others — — 21 2 — — 24 16
Total 691 250 105 85 432 82 78 71
Liabilities
September 30, 2016 December 31, 2015
Derivative financial instruments Others liabilities Related parties Loans and borrowings Derivative financial instruments Others liabilities Related parties Loans and borrowings
Aliança Geração de Energia S.A. — 12 48 — — 11 — —
Banco Bradesco S.A. 470 — — 6 205 54 — 370
Banco do Brasil S.A. 209 — — 2,885 250 — — 2,625
BNDES 38 — — 4,473 39 — — 4,066
Baovale Mineração S.A. — 22 — — — 8 — —
BNDES Participações S.A. — — — 440 — — — 371
Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização — 46 30 — — 4 70 —
Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização — 25 31 — — 37 7 —
Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização — 32 50 — — 3 64 —
Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização — 92 61 — — 9 112 —
Consórcio de Rebocadores da Baía de São Marcos — — — — — 8 — —
Ferrovia Centro-Atlântica S.A. — — 83 — — — 68 —
Mitsui & Co., Ltd. — 13 — — — 11 — —
MRS Logística S.A. — 13 — — — 23 — —
Sumic Nickel Netherland B.V — — 352 — — — 352 —
VLI S.A. — 1 34 — — — — —
Others — 29 6 — — 22 15 —
Total 717 285 695 7,804 494 190 688 7,432

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Three months period ended September 30
2016 2015
Net operating revenue Costs and expenses Financial result Net operating revenue Costs and expenses Financial result
Aliança Geração de Energia S.A. — (32 ) — 6 — —
Banco Bradesco S.A. (i) — — (249 ) — — (87 )
Banco do Brasil S.A. (i) — — (244 ) — — (127 )
Baovale Mineração S.A. — (4 ) — — — —
BNDES (i) — — (162 ) — — (96 )
BNDES Participações S.A. (i) — — (22 ) — — (1 )
Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização — (6 ) (5 ) — (24 ) —
Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização — (12 ) (3 ) — (16 ) —
Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização — (13 ) (6 ) — (20 ) —
Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização — (27 ) (9 ) — (23 ) —
Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecem 59 — — — — —
Ferrovia Centro Atlântica S.A. 11 (9 ) (1 ) 13 (9 ) (1 )
Ferrovia Norte Sul S.A. 3 — — — — —
Mitsui & Co., Ltd. 41 — — 41 — —
MRS Logística S.A. — (133 ) — — (110 ) —
Samarco Mineração S.A. — — — 20 — —
VLI Multimodal S.A. 9 — — — — —
VLI Operações Portuárias S.A. 31 (7 ) — 28 — —
VLI S.A. 34 — — 42 — —
Others 2 (9 ) 3 11 (5 ) 4
Total 190 (252 ) (698 ) 161 (207 ) (308 )

(i) Does not include exchange rate variation.

Nine months period ended September 30
2016 2015
Net operating revenue Costs and expenses Financial result Net operating revenue Costs and expenses Financial result
Aliança Geração de Energia S.A. — (94 ) — 6 — —
Banco Bradesco S.A. (i) — — (115 ) — — (161 )
Banco do Brasil S.A. (i) — — (326 ) — — (250 )
Baovale Mineração S.A. — (12 ) — — (20 ) —
BNDES (i) — — (313 ) — — (132 )
BNDES Participações S.A. (i) — — (42 ) — — (11 )
Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização — (42 ) (5 ) — (58 ) —
Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização — (31 ) (3 ) — (37 ) —
Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização — (35 ) (6 ) — (48 ) —
Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização — (80 ) (9 ) — (73 ) —
Companhia Siderúrgica do Atlântico — (6 ) — — — —
Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecem 91 — — — — —
Ferrovia Centro Atlântica S.A. 30 (22 ) (2 ) 37 (30 ) (1 )
Ferrovia Norte Sul S.A. 14 — — — — —
Mitsui & Co., Ltd. 103 — — 150 — —
MRS Logística S.A. — (335 ) — — (370 ) —
Samarco Mineração S.A. — — — 109 — —
VLI Multimodal S.A. 9 — — — — —
VLI Operações Portuárias S.A. 99 (11 ) — 29 — —
VLI S.A. 93 — — 172 — —
Others 12 (24 ) 1 43 (29 ) 5
Total 451 (692 ) (820 ) 546 (665 ) (550 )

(i) Does not include exchange rate variation.

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*Members of the Board of Directors, Fiscal Council, Advisory Committees and Executive Officers*

Board of Directors
Gueitiro Matsuo Genso Governance and Sustainability Committee
Chairman Fernando Jorge Buso Gomes
Fernando Santos do Nascimento
Sérgio Alexandre Figueiredo Clemente Eduardo de Oliveira Rodrigues Filho
Vice-President Priscila Valle Costa de Oliveira
Ricardo Simonsen
Dan Antonio Marinho Conrado
Marcel Juviniano Barros Fiscal Council
Eduardo Refinetti Guardia
Fernando Jorge Buso Gomes Marcelo Amaral Moraes
Motomu Takahashi Chairman
Oscar Augusto de Camargo Filho
Eduardo de Salles Bartolomeo Paulo José dos Reis Souza
Lucio Azevedo Sandro Kohler Marcondes
Alberto Guth Aníbal Moreira dos Santos
Raphael Manhães Martins
Alternate
Gilberto Antonio Vieira
Moacir Nachbar Junior Alternate
Arthur Prado Silva Paula Bicudo de Castro Magalhães
Francisco Ferreira Alexandre Sergio Mamede Rosa do Nascimento
Robson Rocha Oswaldo Mário Pego de Amorim Azevedo
Luiz Mauricio Leuzinger Julio Sergio de Souza Cardozo
Yoshitomo Nishimitsu
Eduardo de Oliveira Rodrigues Filho Executive Officers
Marcelo Marcolino
Carlos Roberto de Assis Ferreira Murilo Pinto de Oliveira Ferreira
Marcelo Gasparino Chief Executive Officer
Clovis Torres Junior
Advisory Committees of the Board of Directors Executive Officer (Human Resources, Health & Safety, Sustainability, Energy, Mergers and Acquisitions, Governance, Corporate Integrity, Legal and Tax)
Controlling Committee Luciano Siani Pires
Eduardo Cesar Pasa Executive Officer (Finance and Investors Relations)
Moacir Nachbar Junior
Oswaldo Mário Pego de Amorim Azevedo Roger Allan Downey
Executive Officer (Fertilizers, Coal and Strategy)
Executive Development Committee Gerd Peter Poppinga
Oscar Augusto de Camargo Filho Executive Officer (Ferrous)
Marcel Juviniano Barros
Fernando Jorge Buso Gomes Humberto Ramos de Freitas
Tatiana Boavista Barros Heil Executive Officer (Logistics and Mineral Research)
Strategic Committee Jennifer Anne Maki
Murilo Pinto de Oliveira Ferreira Executive Officer (Base Metals)
Gueitiro Matsuo Genso
Luiz Carlos Trabuco Cappi
Oscar Augusto de Camargo Filho
Eduardo de Salles Bartolomeo Rogerio Nogueira
Global Controller Director
Finance Committee
Gilmar Dalilo Cezar Wanderley Murilo Muller
Fernando Jorge Buso Gomes Controllership Director
Eduardo de Oliveira Rodrigues Filho
Marcelo Marcolino Dioni Brasil
Accounting Manager
TC-CRC-RJ 083305/O-8

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*Signatures*

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

(Registrant)
By: /s/ Andre Figueiredo
Date: October 27, 2016 Andre Figueiredo
Director of Investor Relations

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