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Vale S.A. Regulatory Filings 2012

Feb 16, 2012

30050_ffr_2012-02-16_a663e86f-c308-4990-8685-4efe4379ab1a.zip

Regulatory Filings

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Table of Contents

*United States Securities and Exchange Commission*

*Washington, D.C. 20549*

*FORM 6-K*

*Report of Foreign Private Issuer Pursuant to Rule 13a-16 or 15d-16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934*

*For the month of*

*February, 2012*

*Vale S.A.*

*Avenida Graça Aranha, No. 26 20030-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil*

(Address of principal executive office)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F.

(Check One) Form 20-F x Form 40-F o

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(1)

(Check One) Yes o No x

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(7)

(Check One) Yes o No x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant by furnishing the information contained in this Form is also thereby furnishing information to the Commission pursuant to Rule 12g3-2(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

(Check One) Yes o No x

If “Yes” is marked, indicate below the file number assigned to the registrant in connection with Rule 12g3-2(b). 82- .

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Table of Contents

*Financial Statements*

*December 31, 2011*

*IFRS*

Filed at CVM, SEC and HKEx on

February 15, 2012

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*Vale S.A.*

*Consolidated Financial Statements Index*

Page
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 6
Consolidated and Parent Company Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2011, 2010 8
Consolidated Statement of Income for the three-months period ended December 31, 2011, September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, and for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 10
Parent Company Statement of Income for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 11
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income for the three-months period ended December 31, 2011, September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, and Consolidated and Parent Company Statement of Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 12
Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 13
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flow for the three-months period ended December 31, 2011, September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, and for the years ended December 31, 2011 and2010 14
Parent Company Statement of Cash Flow for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 15
Consolidated Statement of Added Value for the three-months period ended December 31, 2011, September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, and for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 16
Parent Company Statement of Added Value for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 17
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 18
Additional Information (unaudited) 93

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*Vale S.A.*

*Index of Notes to the Financial Statements*

Note — 1. Operational Context 18
2. Summary of the main accounting practices and accounting estimates 18
2.a) Basis of presentation 18
2.b) Principles of consolidation 19
2.c) Business Combination 20
2.d) Information by segment and geographic area 21
2.e) Cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments 21
2.f) Accounts receivable 21
2.g) Financial assets 21
2.h) Inventories 22
2.i) Discontinued Operations 22
2.j) Non-current Assets 22
2.k) Intangible assets 22
2.l) Property, plant and equipment 22
2.m) Non-controlling Stockholders’ interests 23
2.n) Impairment 23
2.o) Expenditures on research and development 23
2.p) Leases 23
2.q) Accounts payable to suppliers and contractors 23
2.r) Loans and financing 24
2.s) Provisions 24
2.t) Provision for asset retirement obligations 24
2.u) Employee benefits 24
2.v) Derivative financial instruments and hedging operations 25
2.w) Current and deferred income tax and social contribution 26
2.x) Capital 26
2.y) Revenue recognition 26
2.z) Government grants and support 26
2.aa) Basic and diluted earnings per share 26
2.bb) Statement of Added Value—DVA 26

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3. Critical Accounting Estimates and Assumptions 26
4. Accounting Pronouncements 28
5. Risk Management 29
5.a) Risk management policy 29
5.b) Liquidity risk management 29
5.c) Credit risk management 29
5.d) Market risk management 30
5.e) Operational risk management 31
5.f) Capital management 32
5.g) Insurance 32
6. Acquisitions and Disposals 32
7. Cash and Cash Equivalents 33
8. Short-term Investments 33
9. Accounts Receivables 34
10. Inventories 34
11. Recoverable Tax 35
12. Investments 35
13. Intangible 38
14. Property, Plant and Equipment 40
15. Impairment of Non-Financial Asset 41

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16. Loans and Financing 41
17. Provision 44
18 Asset retirement obligations 46
19. Deferred Income Tax and Social Contribution 46
20. Employee Benefits Obligations 49
20.a) Retirement benefit obligations 49
20.b) Participation on the results plan 57
20.c) Long term compensation plan 57
21. Classification of Financial Instruments 58
22. Fair Value Estimation 60
23. Stockholders’ Equity 63
23.a) Capital 63
23.b) Revenue Reserves 63
23.c) Resources linked to future mandatory conversion into shares 64
23.d) Treasury stocks 64
23.e) Basic and diluted earnings per share 65
23.f) Remuneration of stockholders 66
24. Derivatives 66
25. Information by Business Segment and Consolidated Revenues by Geographic Area 80
26. Cost of Goods Sold and Services Rendered, and Sales and Administrative Expenses by Nature, Other Net Operational Expenses (incomes) 83
27. Financial Results 84
28. Commitments 84
29. Related Parties 87
31. Commitments 89
Related Parties 89

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(A free translation of the original in Portuguese)

*Independent auditor’s report*

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders

Vale S.A.

We have audited the accompanying parent company financial statements of Vale S.A. (the“Company”), which comprise the balance sheet as at December 31, 2011 and the statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows for the year then ended, and a summary of significant accounting policies and other explanatory information.

We have also audited the accompanying consolidated financial statements of Vale S.A. and its subsidiaries (“Consolidated”), which comprise the consolidated balance sheet as at December 31, 2011 and the consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows for the year then ended, and a summary of the significant accounting policies and other explanatory information.

*Management’s responsibility for*

*the financial statements*

Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the parent company financial statements in accordance with accounting practices adopted in Brazil and the consolidated financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and the accounting practices adopted in Brazil, and for such internal control as management determines is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

*Auditors’ responsibility*

Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with Brazilian and International Standards on Auditing. Those standards require that we comply with ethical requirements and plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free from material misstatement.

An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. The procedures selected depend on the auditor’s judgment, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error.

In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal control relevant to the entity’s preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the entity’s internal control. An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates made by management, as well as the evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements.

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We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.

*Opinion on the parent company*

*financial statements*

In our opinion, the parent company financial statements, present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Vale S.A. as at December 31, 2011, and its financial performance and its cash flows for the year then ended, in accordance with the accounting practices adopted in Brazil.

*Opinion on the consolidated*

*financial statements*

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements, present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Vale S.A. and its subsidiaries as at December 31, 2011, and their financial performance and cash flows for the year then ended in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), and accounting practices adopted in Brazil.

*Emphasis of matter*

As described in Note 2, the parent company financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the accounting practices adopted in Brazil. In the case of Vale S.A., these practices differ from IFRS, applicable to separate financial statements, only in relation to the measurement of investments in subsidiaries, associates and jointly-controlled entities, based on the equity method of accounting, while IFRS requires measurement based on cost or fair value. Our opinion is not qualified due to this matter.

*Other matters statements of*

*value added*

We have also audited the parent company and consolidated statements of value added, for the year ended December 31, 2011, the presentation of which is required by the Brazilian corporate legislation for listed companies, but is considered supplementary information for IFRS. These statements were subject to the same audit procedures previously described and, in our opinion, are fairly presented, in all material respects, in relation to the financial statements taken as a whole.

Rio de Janeiro,February 15, 2012

PricewaterhouseCoopers

Auditores Independentes

CRC 2SP000160/O-5 “F” RJ

Marcos Donizete Panassol

Contador CRC 1SP55975/O-8 “S” RJ

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*Balance Sheet*

*In millions of Reais*

Notes Consolidated — December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 Parent Company — December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Assets
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents 7 7,458 13,469 575 4,823
Short-term investments 8 115 2,987 — —
Derivatives at fair value 24 1,122 87 574 37
Accounts receivable 9 16,236 13,962 15,809 18,378
Related parties 29 69 90 2,561 1,123
Inventories 10 10,351 7,592 3,183 2,317
Recoverable taxes 11 4,317 2,796 2,317 1,961
Advances to suppliers 733 318 382 273
Others 1,694 1,091 183 179
42,095 42,392 25,584 29,091
Non-current Assets held for sale — 11,876 — —
42,095 54,268 25,584 29,091
Non-current assets
Related parties 29 904 8 446 1,936
Loans and financing agreements to receive 399 274 158 164
Prepaid expenses 506 254 17 —
Judicial deposits 17 2,920 3,062 2,091 2,312
Deferred income tax and social contribution 19 3,692 2,440 2,109 1,789
Recoverable taxes 11 1,233 612 201 125
Derivatives at fair value 24 112 502 96 284
Reinvestment tax incentive 429 239 429 239
Others 718 697 372 283
10,913 8,088 5,919 7,132
Investments 12 10,917 3,945 113,150 92,111
Intangible assets 13 19,752 18,274 13,974 13,563
Property, plant and equipment, net 14 158,105 130,087 55,503 44,463
199,687 160,394 188,546 157,269
Total assets 241,782 214,662 214,130 186,360

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(A free translation from the original in Portuguese)

*Balance Sheet*

*In millions of Reais, except number of shares*

*(Continued)*

Notes Consolidated — December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 Parent Company — December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
Current liabilities
Suppliers and contractors 9,157 5,804 3,504 2,863
Payroll and related charges 2,527 1,966 1,582 1,270
Derivatives at fair value 24 138 92 117 —
Current portion of long-term debt 16 3,212 4,866 892 616
Short-term debt 16 660 1,144 — —
Related parties 29 32 24 4,959 5,326
Taxes payable and royalties 989 455 330 204
Provision for income taxes 1,048 1,310 — 414
Employee post retirement benefits obligations 20 316 311 141 176
Provision for asset retirement obligations 18 136 128 21 44
Dividends and interest on capital 2,207 8,104 2,207 8,104
Others 1,803 1,840 400 705
22,225 26,044 14,153 19,722
Liabilities directly associated with assets held for sale — 5,340 — —
22,225 31,384 14,153 19,722
Non-current liabilities
Derivatives at fair value 24 1,239 103 953 —
Long-term debt 16 42,753 37,779 18,596 15,908
Related parties 29 230 3 28,654 27,597
Employee post retirement benefits obligations 20 2,846 3,224 406 504
Provisions for contingencies 17 3,438 3,712 1,928 2,108
Deferred income tax and social contribution 19 10,773 12,947 — 3,574
Asset retirement obligations 18 3,468 2,463 1,095 761
Stockholders’ Debentures 22 2,496 2,140 2,496 2,140
Redeemable noncontrolling interest 943 1,186 — —
Others 4,680 3,395 2,373 1,929
72,866 66,952 56,501 54,521
Stockholders’ equity 23
Preferred class A stock - 7,200,000,000 no-par-value shares authorized and 2,108,579,618 (2010 - 2,108,579,618) issued 29,475 19,650 29,475 19,650
Common stock - 3,600,000,000 no-par-value shares authorized and 3,256,724,482 (2010 - 3,256,724,482) issued 45,525 30,350 45,525 30,350
Mandatorily convertible votes - common shares 360 445 360 445
Mandatorily convertible votes - preferred shares 796 996 796 996
Treasury stock - 181,099,814 (2010 - 99,649,571) preferred and 86,911,207 (2010 - 47,375,394) common shares (9,917 ) (4,826 ) (9,917 ) (4,826 )
Results from operations with noncontrolling stockholders (71 ) 685 (71 ) 685
Results in the translation/issuance of shares — 1,867 — 1,867
Valuation adjustment 220 (25 ) 220 (25 )
Cumulative translation adjustments (1,017 ) (9,512 ) (1,017 ) (9,512 )
Retained earnings 78,105 72,487 78,105 72,487
Total company stockholders’ equity 143,476 112,117 143,476 112,117
Noncontrolling interests 3,215 4,209 — —
Total stockholders’ equity 146,691 116,326 143,476 112,117
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity 241,782 214,662 214,130 186,360

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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*Statement of Income Consolidated*

*In millions of Reais, except as otherwise stated*

NOTES THREE-MONTH PERIOD ENDED (UNAUDITED) — DECEMBER 31, 2011 SEPTEMBER 30, 2011 DECEMBER 31, 2010 YEAR ENDED — DECEMBER 31, 2011 DECEMBER 31, 2010
NET OPERATING REVENUE 25 27,138 28,009 26,493 103,195 83,225
COST OF GOODS SOLDS AND SERVICES RENDERED 26 (11,135 ) (10,443 ) (10,385 ) (40,489 ) (33,756 )
GROSS PROFIT 16,003 17,566 16,108 62,706 49,469
OPERATING (EXPENSES) INCOME
SELLING AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES 26 (1,571 ) (1,139 ) (1,190 ) (4,211 ) (3,201 )
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENSES 26 (975 ) (728 ) (506 ) (2,862 ) (1,567 )
OTHER OPERATING EXPENSES, NET 26 (1,845 ) (1,255 ) (1,570 ) (4,986 ) (4,211 )
REALIZED GAIN ON ASSETS AVAILABLE FOR SALES — — — 2,492 —
(4,391 ) (3,122 ) (3,266 ) (9,567 ) (8,979 )
OPERATING PROFIT 11,612 14,444 12,842 53,139 40,490
FINANCIAL INCOME 27 552 1,006 1,845 4,650 5,154
FINANCIAL EXPENSES 27 (1,703 ) (7,135 ) (2,320 ) (11,273 ) (7,917 )
EQUITY RESULTS FROM ASSOCIATES 12 (179 ) 28 (36 ) (51 ) (48 )
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAX AND SOCIAL CONTRIBUTION 10,282 8,343 12,331 46,465 37,679
CURRENT (1,977 ) (1,990 ) (2,828 ) (9,577 ) (9,286 )
DEFERRED (136 ) 1,497 708 512 2,251
INCOME TAX AND SOCIAL CONTRIBUTION 19 (2,113 ) (493 ) (2,120 ) (9,065 ) (7,035 )
INCOME FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS 8,169 7,850 10,211 37,400 30,644
RESULTS ON DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS — — — — (222 )
NET INCOME OF THE PERIOD 8,169 7,850 10,211 37,400 30,422
NET GAIN (LOSS) ATTRIBUTABLE TO NON-CONTROLLING INTERESTS (185 ) (43 ) 209 (414 ) 352
NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO THE COMPANY’S STOCKHOLDERS 25 8,354 7,893 10,002 37,814 30,070
EARNINGS PER SHARE ATTRIBUTABLE TO THE COMPANY’S STOCKHOLDERS:
BASIC EARNINGS PER SHARE:
CONTINUING OPERATIONS
PREFERRED SHARE AND COMMON 1.61 1.50 1.90 7.21 5.70
DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS
PREFERRED SHARE AND COMMON — — — — (0.04 )
DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE:
CONTINUING OPERATIONS
PREFERRED SHARE AND COMMON 1.61 1.50 1.90 7.21 5.70
DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS
PREFERRED SHARE AND COMMON — — — — (0.04 )

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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(A free translation from the original in Portuguese)

*Statement of Income Parent Company*

*In millions of Reais, except as otherwise stated*

Notes Year ended — December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Net operating revenue 66,082 51,386
Cost of goods solds and services rendered 26 (20,958 ) (17,892 )
Gross profit 45,124 33,494
Operating (expenses) income
Selling and administrative expenses 26 (2,176 ) (1,748 )
Research and development expenses 26 (1,460 ) (1,003 )
Other operating expenses, net 26 (1,704 ) (759 )
Equity results from subsidiaries 12 7,555 8,709
Realized gain on assets available for sale 2,492 —
4,707 5,199
Operating profit 49,831 38,693
Financial income 27 2,958 3,954
Financial expenses 27 (8,552 ) (5,575 )
Equity results from associates 12 (51 ) (48 )
Income before income tax and social contribution 44,186 37,024
Current (6,671 ) (7,356 )
Deferred 299 624
Income tax and social contribution 19 (6,372 ) (6,732 )
Income from continuing operations 37,814 30,292
Results for discontinued operations — (222 )
Net income of the period 37,814 30,070
Earnings per share attributable to the company’s stockholders:
Basic earnings per share:
Continuing operations
Preferred share and common 7.21 5.70
Discontinued operations
Preferred share and common — (0.04 )
Diluted earnings per share:
Continuing operations
Preferred share and common 7.21 5.70
Discontinued operations
Preferred share and common — (0.04 )

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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*Statement of Comprehensive Income*

*In millions of Reais*

Consolidated
Three-month period ended (unaudited) Year ended
December 31, 2011 September 30, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Net income 8,169 7,850 10,211 37,400 30,422
Other comprehensive income
Cumulative translation adjustments 1,284 11,212 88 8,828 (859 )
Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale investments
Gross balance as of the period/year ended 2 (1 ) 104 6 37
Tax benefit (expense) — — (10 ) — (16 )
2 (1 ) 94 6 21
Cash flow hedge
Gross balance as of the period/year ended (262 ) 214 (316 ) 219 60
Tax benefit (expense) 9 44 101 21 (19 )
(253 ) 258 (215 ) 240 41
Total comprehensive income of the period 9,202 19,319 10,178 46,474 29,625
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests (118 ) 460 60 (80 ) 186
Net income attributable to the Company’s stockholders 9,320 18,859 10,118 46,554 29,439
9,202 19,319 10,178 46,474 29,625
Parent Company
Year ended
December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Net income 37,814 30,070
Other comprehensive income
Cumulative translation adjustments 8,495 (626 )
Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale investments
Gross balance as of the period/year ended 6 37
Tax benefit (expense) — (16 )
6 21
Comprehensive Equity results from associates
Cash flow hedge
Gross balance as of the period/year ended 218 (6 )
Tax benefit (expense) 21 (20 )
239 (26 )
Total comprehensive income of the period 46,554 29,439

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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*Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity*

*In millions of Reais*

Year ended — Capital Results in the translation/ issuance of shares Mandatorily convertible notes Revenue reserves Treasury stock Valuation adjustment Income from operations with non-controlling stockholders Cumulative translation adjustment Retained earnings Parent company stockholders´equity Non-controlling stockholders’s interests Total stockholders” equity
January 01, 2010 47,434 (161 ) 4,587 49,272 (2,470 ) (21 ) — (8,886 ) 6,003 95,758 4,535 100,293
Net income of the period 30,070 30,070 352 30,422
Capitalization of reserves 2,566 — — (2,566 ) — — — — — — — —
Capitalization of noncontrolling stockholders advances — — — — — — — — — — 62 62
Gain on conversion of shares — 2,028 (3,064 ) — 1,036 — — — — — — —
Repurchase of stock — — — — (3,392 ) — — — — (3,392 ) — (3,392 )
Additional remuneration for mandatorily convertible notes — — (82 ) — — — — — — (82 ) — (82 )
Unrealized results on valuation at market — — — — — (4 ) — — — (4 ) 66 62
Translation adjustments for the period — — — — — — — (626 ) — (626 ) (233 ) (859 )
Dividends to noncontrolling stockholders — — — — — — — — — — 121 121
Acquisitions and disposal of non controlling shareholdings — — — — — — 685 — — 685 2,486 3,171
Transfer to assets held for sale of noncontrolling stockholders — — — — — — — — — — (3,180 ) (3,180 )
Additional Remuneration — — — (513 ) — — — — — (513 ) — (513 )
Interim interest on capital and dividends — — — — — — — — (1,675 ) (1,675 ) — (1,675 )
Destination of earnings:
Additional remuneration proposed to stockholders — — — — — — — — (8,104 ) (8,104 ) — (8,104 )
Appropriation to undistributed retained earnings — — — 26,294 — — — — (26,294 ) — — —
December 30. 2010 50,000 1,867 1,441 72,487 (4,826 ) (25 ) 685 (9,512 ) — 112,117 4,209 116,326
January 01, 2011
Net income of the period — — — — — — — — 37,814 37,814 (414 ) 37,400
Capitalization of reserves 25,000 (1,867 ) — (23,133 ) — — — — — — — —
Capitalization of noncontrolling stockholders advances — — — — — — — — — — 55 55
Repurcharse of shares — — — — (5,091 ) — — — — (5,091 ) — (5,091 )
Remuneration for mandatorily convertible notes — — (285 ) — — — — — — (285 ) — (285 )
Cash flow hedge, net of taxes — — — — — 239 — — — 239 1 240
Unrealized results on valuation at market — — — — — 6 — — — 6 — 6
Translation adjustments for the period — — — — — — — 8,495 — 8,495 333 8,828
Dividends to noncontrolling stockholders — — — — — — — — — — (180 ) (180 )
Redeemable noncontrolling stockholders’ interest — — — — — — — — — — 351 351
Acquisitions and disposal of noncontrolling shareholdings — — — — — — (756 ) — — (756 ) (1,140 ) (1,896 )
Interim dividends — — — — — — — — (2,207 ) (2,207 ) — (2,207 )
Destination of earnings:
Additional remuneration — — — — — — — — (6,856 ) (6,856 ) — (6,856 )
Appropriation to undistributed retained earnings — — — 28,751 — — — — (28,751 ) — — —
December 30. 2011 75,000 — 1,156 78,105 (9,917 ) 220 (71 ) (1,017 ) — 143,476 3,215 146,691

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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*Statement of Cash Flow Consolidated*

*In millions of Reais*

Three-month period ended (unaudited) — December 31, 2011 September 30, 2011 December 31, 2010 Year ended — December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Cash flow from operating activities:
Net income 8,169 7,850 10,211 37,400 30,422
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash from operations
Results of equity investments 179 (28 ) 36 51 48
Realized gain on assets held for sale — — — (2,492 ) —
Results from discontinued operations — — — — 222
Depreciation, amortization and depletion 2,114 1,666 1,794 6,932 5,741
Deferred income tax and social contribution 136 (1,497 ) (708 ) (512 ) (2,251 )
Monetary and exchange rate changes, net 1,916 3,495 (797 ) 4,995 24
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment 42 65 491 483 1,195
Net unrealized losses (gains) on derivatives 543 1,095 909 915 1,024
Others (68 ) 111 (96 ) (202 ) 450
Decrease (increase) in assets:
Accounts receivable from customers 362 (1,371 ) 2,063 (1,675 ) (5,302 )
Inventories (464 ) (538 ) (14 ) (2,473 ) (1,579 )
Recoverable taxes (400 ) (230 ) (57 ) (943 ) 153
Others (226 ) (231 ) 744 (635 ) 750
Increase (decrease) in liabilities:
Suppliers and contractors 284 1,314 (553 ) 2,484 1,653
Payroll and related charges 373 435 353 514 363
Taxes and contributions 828 (4,393 ) (313 ) (3,087 ) 2,182
Others 680 (710 ) (332 ) 307 280
Net cash provided by operating activities 14,468 7,033 13,731 42,062 35,375
Cash flow from investing activities:
Short-term investments (115 ) — (2,987 ) 2,872 3,537
Loans and advances receivable (356 ) 395 (65 ) (303 ) (161 )
Guarantees and deposits (106 ) (280 ) 291 (144 ) (64 )
Additions to investments (582 ) (31 ) (15 ) (716 ) (120 )
Additions to property, plant and equipment (11,682 ) (5,830 ) (9,196 ) (28,292 ) (23,546 )
Dividends/interest on capital received — — — 84 147
Acquisitions/sales of subsidiaries — — — 1,795 (11,378 )
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities (12,841 ) (5,746 ) (11,972 ) (24,704 ) (31,585 )
Cash flow from financing activities:
Short-term debt
Additions 701 44 735 2,678 4,776
Repayments (746 ) (324 ) (473 ) (3,027 ) (4,466 )
Long-term debt
Additions 612 1,351 1,966 3,480 8,375
Repayments:
Financial institutions (185 ) (1,241 ) (1,596 ) (4,434 ) (4,546 )
Dividends and interest on capital paid to stockholders (5,261 ) (4,855 ) (2,897 ) (14,960 ) (5,095 )
Dividends and interest on capital attributed to noncontrolling interest (72 ) — (137 ) (166 ) (243 )
Transactions with non controlling stockholders (2,083 ) — — (2,083 ) 1,118
Treasury stock (1,772 ) (3,320 ) (2,806 ) (5,092 ) (3,392 )
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities (8,806 ) (8,345 ) (5,208 ) (23,604 ) (3,473 )
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents (7,179 ) (7,058 ) (3,449 ) (6,246 ) 317
Cash and cash equivalents of cash, beginning of the period 14,674 21,323 16,949 13,469 13,221
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents (37 ) 409 (31 ) 235 (69 )
Cash and cash equivalents, end of the period 7,458 14,674 13,469 7,458 13,469
Cash paid during the period for:
Short-term interest (12 ) (6 ) (17 ) (34 ) (46 )
Long-term interest (368 ) (390 ) (547 ) (1,957 ) (1,983 )
Income tax and social contribution (1,860 ) (6,496 ) (2,008 ) (11,986 ) (3,694 )
Inflows during the period:
Non-cash transactions:
Additions to property, plant and equipment - interest capitalization (35 ) (90 ) (49 ) (289 ) (310 )

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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*Statement of Cash Flow Parent Company*

*In millions of Reais*

Year ended — December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Cash flow from operating activities:
Net income 37,814 30,070
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash from operations
Results of equity investments (7,504 ) (8,661 )
Realized gain on assets held for sale (2,492 ) —
Results from descontinued operations — 222
Depreciation, amortization and depletion 1,964 1,983
Deferred income tax and social contribution (299 ) (624 )
Monetary and exchange rate changes, net 7,003 (640 )
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment 383 3,056
Net unrealized losses (gains) on derivatives 661 776
Others (26 ) 251
Decrease (increase) in assets:
Accounts receivable from customers 2,569 (14,546 )
Inventories (630 ) (91 )
Recoverable taxes (433 ) 180
Others (43 ) 895
Increase (decrease) in liabilities:
Suppliers and contractors 640 480
Payroll and related charges 311 260
Taxes and contributions (4,583 ) 1,305
Others (52 ) 652
Net cash provided by operating activities 35,283 15,568
Cash flow from investing activities:
Loans and advances receivable (33 ) 3,098
Guarantees and deposits (72 ) (112 )
Additions to investments (5,985 ) (3,684 )
Additions to property, plant and equipment (14,615 ) (10,472 )
Dividends/interest on capital received 2,196 2,060
Proceeds from disposal of investments held for sale — 4,433
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities (18,509 ) (4,677 )
Cash flow from financing activities:
Short-term debt
Additions 1,092 3,969
Repayments (5,064 ) (8,354 )
Long-term debt
Additions 3,891 7,469
Repayments:
Financial institutions (891 ) (1,915 )
Dividends and interest on capital paid to stockholders (14,960 ) (5,095 )
Treasury stock (5,091 ) (3,392 )
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities (21,023 ) (7,318 )
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents (4,248 ) 3,573
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of the period 4,823 1,250
Cash and cash equivalents, end of the period 575 4,823
Cash paid during the period for:
Short-term interest (1 ) (69 )
Long-term interest (1,904 ) (1,862 )
Income tax and social contribution (9,638 ) (3,103 )
Inflows during the period:
Non-cash transactions:
Additions to property, plant and equipment - interest capitalization (73 ) (98 )

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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*Statement of Added Value Consolidated*

*In millions of Reais*

Consolidated
Three-month period ended (unaudited) Year ended
December 31, 2011 September 30, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Generation of added value
Gross revenue
Revenue from products and services 27,816 28,517 26,959 105,520 85,345
Gain on realization of assets available for sale — — — 2,492 —
Other revenue (25 ) 11 — (14 ) —
Revenue from the construction of own assets 10,242 10,039 7,253 30,268 20,607
Allowance for doubtful accounts 27 (19 ) (22 ) 11 (40 )
Less:
Acquisition of products (835 ) (863 ) (592 ) (2,951 ) (1,912 )
Outsourced services (5,369 ) (5,130 ) (3,960 ) (16,946 ) (11,722 )
Materials (8,885 ) (9,301 ) (7,067 ) (28,899 ) (20,843 )
Fuel oil and gas (1,020 ) (989 ) (983 ) (3,857 ) (3,701 )
Energy (394 ) (413 ) (759 ) (1,695 ) (2,349 )
Other costs (expenses) (3,963 ) (2,933 ) (3,488 ) (11,678 ) (10,274 )
Gross added value 17,594 18,919 17,341 72,251 55,111
Depreciation, amortization and depletion (2,114 ) (1,666 ) (1,794 ) (6,932 ) (5,741 )
Net added value 15,480 17,253 15,547 65,319 49,370
Received from third parties
Financial income 524 705 1,148 3,010 2,038
Equity results (179 ) 28 (36 ) (51 ) (48 )
Total added value to be distributed 15,825 17,987 16,659 68,278 51,360
Personnel 2,383 1,765 1,929 7,639 5,706
Taxes, rates and contribution 1,485 1,045 775 4,542 3,397
Current income tax 1,977 1,990 2,828 9,577 9,286
Deferred income tax 136 (1,497 ) (708 ) (512 ) (2,251 )
Remuneration of debt capital 1,217 2,764 1,716 6,004 5,095
Monetary and exchange changes, net 458 4,070 (92 ) 3,628 (295 )
Net income attributable to the Company’s stockholders 8,354 7,893 (10,289 ) 37,814 9,779
Reinvested — — 20,291 — 20,291
Loss (Net income) attributable to noncontrolling interest (185 ) (43 ) 209 (414 ) 352
Distribution of added value 15,825 17,987 16,659 68,278 51,360

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*Statement of Added Value Parent Company*

*In millions of Reais*

Parent Company
Year ended
December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Generation of added value
Gross revenue
Revenue from products and services 67,618 52,905
Gain on realization of available-for-sale assets 2,492 —
Revenue from the construction of own assets 14,824 10,516
Allowance for doubtful accounts 7 (36 )
Less:
Acquisition of products (2,547 ) (1,741 )
Outsourced services (9,222 ) (7,251 )
Materials (13,602 ) (10,344 )
Fuel oil and gas (1,964 ) (1,597 )
Energy (862 ) (1,121 )
Other costs (expenses) (5,289 ) (3,918 )
Gross added value 51,455 37,413
Depreciation, amortization and depletion (1,964 ) (1,983 )
Net added value 49,491 35,430
Received from third parties:
Financial income 1,825 1,929
Equity results 7,504 8,661
Total added value to be distributed 58,820 46,020
Personnel 3,989 3,132
Taxes, rates and contribution 3,226 2,535
Current income tax 6,671 7,356
Deferred income tax (299 ) (624 )
Remuneration of debt capital 4,351 3,742
Monetary and exchange changes, net 3,068 (191 )
Net income attributable to the Company’s stockholders 37,814 9,779
Reinvested — 20,291
Distribution of added value 58,820 46,020

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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*Notes to Financial Statements*

*Expressed in millions of Brazilian Reais, unless otherwise stated*

*1- Operational Context*

Vale S.A. (“Vale” or the “Company”) is a Public Limited Liability Company with its headquarters in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Graça Aranha Avenue, 26, Downtown, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and has its securities traded on the stock exchanges in Sao Paulo (BM&F and BOVESPA), New York (NYSE), Paris (NYSE Euronext) and Hong Kong (HKEx).

The Company and its direct and indirect subsidiaries (“Group”) is principally engaged in the research, production and marketing of iron ore and pellets, nickel, fertilizer, copper, coal, manganese, iron alloys, cobalt, platinum group metals and precious metals. In addition, it operates in the segments of energy, logistics and steel.

As at December 31, 2011, the main consolidated operating subsidiaries and jointly controlled entities proportionately consolidated are:

Entities % ownership % voting capital Location Principal activity
Subsidiaries
Compañia Minera Miski Mayo S.A.C 40.00 51.00 Peru Fertilizers
Ferrovia Centro-Atlântica S. A. 99.99 99.99 Brazil Logistics
Ferrovia Norte Sul S.A. 100.00 100.00 Brazil Logistics
Mineração Corumbaense Reunida S.A. 100.00 100.00 Brazil Iron ore and Manganese
PT International Nickel Indonesia Tbk 59.20 59.20 Indonesia Nickel
Sociedad Contractual Minera Tres Valles 90.00 90.00 Chile Copper
Vale Australia Pty Ltd. 100.00 100.00 Australia Coal
Vale Austria Holdings GMBH 100.00 100.00 Austria Holding and Research
Vale Canada Limited 100.00 100.00 Canada Nickel
Vale Coal Colombia Ltd. 100.00 100.00 Colombia Coal
Vale Fertilizantes S.A 99.05 99.98 Brazil Fertilizers
Vale International S.A 100.00 100.00 Switzerland Trading
Vale Manganês S.A. 100.00 100.00 Brazil Manganese and Ferroalloys
Vale Mina do Azul S.A. 100.00 100.00 Brazil Manganese
Vale Moçambique S.A. 100.00 100.00 Mozambique Coal
Vale Nouvelle-Calédonie SAS 74.00 74.00 New Caledonia Nickel
Vale Oman Pelletizing Company LLC 100.00 100.00 Oman Pellet
Vale Shipping Holding PTE Ltd. 100.00 100.00 Singapura Logistics
Jointly-controlled entities
California Steel Industries, Inc. 50.00 50.00 United States Steel industry
MRS Logística S.A 45.84 45.68 Brazil Logistics
Samarco Mineração S.A. 50.00 50.00 Brazil Pellet

The Board of Directors authorized these financial statements for issue on Februay 15, 2012.

*2) Summary of the Main Accounting Practices and Accounting Estimates*

*a) Basis of Presentation*

The financial statements have been prepared considering historical cost as the basis of value and adjusted to reflect the financial assets available for sale, and financial assets and liabilities (including derivative instruments) measured at fair value against income.

*Consolidated financial statements*

The consolidated financial statements of the company have been prepared according to the International Financial Reporting Standards - IFRS issued by the International Accounting Standards Board-IASB, and interpretations issued by International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee - IFRIC, implemented in Brazil through the Committee of Accounting Pronouncements - CPC and its technical interpretation - ICPCs and guidelines - OCPCs approved by the Securities Exchange Commission - CVM.

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*Financial statements of the parent company*

The individual financial statements of the parent company have been prepared under accounting practices adopted in Brazil issued by the CPCs and are published together with the consolidated financial statements.

In the case of Vale SA, accounting practices adopted in Brazil applicable to the individual financial statements differ from IFRS, only by the valuation of investments in subsidiaries and associated companies: “accounting practices adopted in Brazil” uses the equity method, while according IFRS, cost or fair value is used.

*Functional currency and presentation currency*

The financial statements of each Group’s entities are presented using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates (“functional currency”), which in the case of the parent company is Real (“R$”). For presentation purposes in Brazil, the consolidated financial statements are presented in Brazillian Reais.

The operations with others currencies are translated into the functional currency of the parent company using the actual exchange rate on the transaction dates. The foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of these transactions and from the translation by exchange rates at the end of the year, relating to monetary assets and liabilities in other currencies, are recognized in the statement of income as financial expense or income.

In 2011, based on entity business assessment, the subsidiary Vale International had its functional currency changed from the Brazilian Real to US dollar. This change did not cause significant effects in the financial statements presented.

The quotations of major currencies that impact our operations against the currency of presentation were:

Exchange rates used for conversions in reais — 2011 2010
US dollar - US$ 1.8683 1.6662
US canadian dollar - CAD 1.8313 1.6700
US australian dollar - AUD 1.9092 1.6959
Euro - EUR or € 2.4165 2.2280

Translation differences on non-monetary financial assets and liabilities are recognized in income as of fair value gain or loss. The exchange rate gain or loss of non-monetary financial assets, such as investments in shares classified as available for sale, is included in Stockholders’ equity as Other Comprehensive Income.

The results and financial position of all Group entities whose functional currency is different from the presentation currency are translated into the presentation currency, the assets and liabilities for each balance sheet presented are translated by the closing rate at the balance sheet date, income and expenses for each statement of income are translated by the average exchange rates, except in specific transactions that, considering their relevance, are translated by the rate at the dates of transactions. All resulting exchange differences are recognized in a separated component of the Stockholder’s equity, named currency translation adjustment

*b) Principles of Consolidation*

The consolidated financial statements reflect the balances of assets and liabilities and transactions of the parent company and its direct and indirect subsidiaries and of its jointly controlled entities, in proportion to the interests maintained. For associates, entities over which the company has significant influence but not control, the investments are accounted for under the equity method.

Accounting practices of subsidiaries and associated companies are set to ensure consistency with the policies adopted by the parent company. Transactions between consolidated companies, as well as balances, profits and unrealized losses on these transactions are eliminated.

For interests in joint projects (e.g.: consortium agreements), the assets, liabilities and transactions of these enterprises are recognized in the proportion held by Vale.

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Interests in joint ventures were consolidated using the Proportionate Consolidation method, since the date of joint control is acquired. According to this method, assets, liabilities, revenues, costs and expenses of these entities were integrated in the consolidated financial statements proportionally to the control attributable to the stockholders.

Considering the option given by pronouncement CPC 19 (R1), issued on August 4, 2011, and anticipating the consequences of adoption of IFRS 11 in Brazil, the company will choose from 2013 to calculate its investments in joint ventures using the equity method. If this method would be applicable in these statements, the effects in the Consolidated Balance sheet and statement of income would be:

December 31, 2011 — Balance with proportional consolidation Effect of shared control firms Balance without proportional consolidation
Assets
Current
Cash and Cash equivalents 7,458 (866 ) 6,592
Other 34,637 (1,078 ) 33,559
42,095 (1,944 ) 40,151
Non-current
Investments 10,917 4,067 14,984
Property, plant and equipment, and Intangible Assets 177,857 (6,214 ) 171,643
Other 10,913 (603 ) 10,310
199,687 (2,750 ) 196,937
Total Asset 241,782 (4,694 ) 237,088
Liabilities and Stockholders’ equity
Current
Accounts Payable 9,157 (306 ) 8,851
Loans and finances 3,872 (1,025 ) 2,847
Other 9,196 (208 ) 8,988
22,225 (1,539 ) 20,686
Non-current
Loans and finances 42,753 (2,528 ) 40,225
Deferred income tax and social contribution 10,773 (159 ) 10,614
Other 19,340 (458 ) 18,882
72,866 (3,145 ) 69,721
Stockholders’ equity
Capital stock 75,000 — 75,000
Noncontrolling interests 3,215 (10 ) 3,205
Other 68,476 — 68,476
146,691 (10 ) 146,681
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ equity 241,782 (4,694 ) 237,088
December 31, 2011 — Balance with proportional consolidation Effect of shared control firms Balance without proportional consolidation
Net revenue 103,195 (4,451 ) 98,744
Cost (40,489 ) 1,313 (39,176 )
Gross operating profit 62,706 (3,138 ) 59,568
Operational expenses (9,567 ) 416 (9,151 )
Financial expenses (6,623 ) 271 (6,352 )
Equity results (51 ) 1,908 1,857
Earnings before taxes 46,465 (543 ) 45,922
Current and deferred Income tax and social contribution, net (9,065 ) 551 (8,514 )
Net income of the year 37,400 8 37,408
Income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests 414 (8 ) 406
Net income attributable to shareholders 37,814 — 37,814

*c) Business Combinations*

When Vale acquires control over an entity, the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities and contingent liabilities assumed and the noncontrolling stockholders’ interests recognized are measured initially at fair value at the acquisition date.

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The excess of consideration transferred and of the fair value at the acquisition date of any previous equity interests in the acquiree, against the fair value of group interests in the identifiable net assets acquired, is recorded as goodwill, which is allocated to each cash-generating unit (“CGU”) acquired.

*d) Information by Segment and Geographic Area*

The company discloses information by consolidated operational business segment and revenues by consolidated geographic area, in accordance with the principles and concepts used by decision makers in evaluating performance. The information is analyzed by segment as follows:

**Bulk Material**** - includes the extraction of iron ore and pellet production and transport systems of North, South and Southeast, including railroads, ports and terminals, related to mining operations. Manganese ore and ferroalloys are also included in this segment.

*Basic metals* — comprises the production of non-ferrous minerals, including nickel operations (co-products and byproducts), copper and aluminum.

*Fertilizers* — comprises three major groups of nutrients: potash, phosphate and nitrogen. This business is being formed through a combination of acquisitions and organic growth.

*Logistic services* — includes our system of cargo transportation for third parties divided into rail transport, port and shipping services.

*Others* - comprises our investments in joint ventures and associate in other businesses.

*e) Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments*

The amounts recorded as cash and cash equivalents correspond to the values available in cash, bank deposits and investments in the short-term that have immediately liquidity and maturity within three months. Other investments with maturities exceeding three months are recognized at fair value in income and recorded in short-term investments.

*f) Accounts Receivables*

Represent receivables from the sale of products and services made by the company. The receivables are initially recorded at fair value and subsequently measured by amortized cost, net of estimated losses, to cover potential losses in their realization, based on historical experience of defaults.

*g) Financial Assets*

The Company classifies its financial assets in accordance with the purpose for which they were purchased, and determines the classification and initial recognition according to the following categories:

· Measured at fair value through the statement of income — recorded in this category are held for trading financial assets acquired for the purpose of selling in the short term.

· Loans and receivables — non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market. They are initially measured at fair value and subsequently at cost amortized using theeffective interest method.

· Available for sale - investments in equity instruments that are not listed.

Investments in equity instruments that are not listed and for which it is not possible to estimate with certainty their fair value, are held at acquisition cost less any losses not recoverable.

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*h) Inventories*

Inventories are stated at the lower of average cost of acquisition or production and replacement or realization values. The inventories production cost is determined by variable and fixed costs, and direct and indirect costs of production, using the average cost method. When applicable an estimate of losses with obsolete or slow-moving inventories is constituted.

Inventories of ore are recognized at the moment of the physical extraction of the ore.

*i) Discontinued Operations*

Net assets held for sale linked to discontinued operations are recorded as current assets, separated from other current assets, evaluated at the lower of carrying amount and fair value, less cost of sales.

*j) Non-Current Assets*

The amount expected to be recovered or settled after more than 12 months of the reporting date is classified as non-current.

*k) Intangible Assets*

Intangible asset generators of future economic benefits are evaluated by the acquisition cost, less accumulated amortization and losses by reducing the recoverable amount, when applicable.

Intangible assets that have finite useful lives are amortized considering their effective use, while those with indefinite useful lives are not amortized but tested at least annually as to their recoverability (impairment test).

In the case of railways, on which the company is a concessionaire, the acquired assets, linked to the concession activities of public services rendered (returned goods) up to the end of the concession period will be returned to the licensor.

Intangible assets acquired in a business combination are recognized separately from goodwill.

*l) Property, Plant and Equipment*

Fixed assets are carried at acquisition or production cost. The assets include financial charges, incurred during the construction period, expenses attributable to acquisition and impairment losses of the asset.

Assets are depreciated by the straight-line method based on estimated useful lives, from the date on which the assets are available for use in the intended way, except for land which is not depreciated. The depletion of reserves is calculated based on the ratio between actual production and the total amount of reserves proven and probable.

Depreciation and depletion of assets of the company are represented in accordance with the following estimated useful lives:

Buildings between 20 and 50 years
Installations between 20 and 33 years
Equipment between 10 and 33 years
Computer Equipment between 5
Mineral rights between 2 and 33 years
Locomotives 25 years
Wagon 33 years
Railway equipment 25 years
Ships between 5 and 20 years
Other between 2 and 50 years

The residual values and useful lives of assets are reviewed and adjusted, if necessary, at the end of each fiscal year.

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The relevant expenditures for maintenance of industrial areas and relevant assets (for example, ships), including spare parts, assembly services, and others, are recorded in fixed assets and depreciated over the benefits of this maintenance period until the next stop.

*m) Non-controlling stockholders’ interests*

The Company treats transactions with non-controlling stockholders’ interests as transactions with equity owners of the Group. For purchases of non-controlling stockholders’ interests, the difference between any consideration paid and the portion acquired of the carrying value of net assets of the subsidiary is recorded in stockholders’ equity. Gains or losses, on disposals of non-controlling stockholders’ interest, are also recorded in stockholders’ equity.

When the Company ceases to hold control or significant influence, any retained interest in the entity is remeasured to its fair value, with the change in carrying amount recognized in profit or loss. Furthermore, any amounts previously recognized in other comprehensive income relating to that entity are accounted for as if the Group had directly sold the related assets or liabilities. This means that the amounts previously recognized in other comprehensive income are reclassified in income.

*n) Impairment*

Annually the company assesses whether there is evidence that the carrying amount of long-term financial and non-financial asset, is not impaired.

For the long-term non-financial assets, the analysis is conducted of the recoverable value of these assets grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash flows of the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs.

For financial assets, a comparative analysis is carried out - if the book value exceeds the present value of expected cash flows for the asset.

Regardless the indication of impairment of its carrying amount, goodwill balances arising from business combinations and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are tested for impairment at least once a year.

*o) Expenditures on ore research and development*

Expenditure on ore research and development are considered operating expenses until the effective proof of the economic feasibility of commercial exploration of a given field. From this evidence, the expenditures incurred are capitalized as mine development costs.

During the development phase of a mine before production begins and in the stripping campaigns scheduled in the plan of mining, the costs of waste removal are recorded as part of the asset in development cost of the mine. Subsequently, these costs are amortized over the useful life of the mine based on proven and probable reserves. After the start of the production phase from the mine, the stripping removal expenditures are treated as production costs.

*p) Leases***

The Company classifies its contracts as financial leases or operational leases based on the substance of the operation contracted may be or not linked to the substantial acquisition of risks and benefits from assets during their useful life.

For financial leases, the lower of the fair value of the leased asset and the present value of minimum lease payments is recorded in tangible fixed assets offsetting the corresponding obligation recorded in liabilities. For operating leases, payments are recognized linearly during the term of the contract as a cost or expense in the statement of income.

*q) Accounts payable to suppliers and contractors*

Accounts payable to suppliers and contractors are obligations to pay for goods and services that were acquired in the ordinary course of business, and are initially recognized at fair value and subsequently measured at amortized cost using effective interest rate method.

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*r) Loans and Financing*

Loans and Financing are initially measured at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred and are subsequently carried at amortized cost and updated using the effective interest rate method and charges. Any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption value is recognized in the statement of income over the period of the loans, using the effective interest rate method. Fees paid on the establishment of the loan are recognized as transaction costs of the loan.

Compound financial instruments issued by the company which have financial liability (debt) components and Stockholders’ equity components, comprise notes mandatorily convertible into preferred or common stock.

The liability component of a compound financial instrument is initially recognized at fair value that is determined using discounted cash flow, considering the interest rate market for a debt instrument with similar characteristics (period, value, credit risk), but not convertible. After initial recognition, the liability component of a compound financial instrument is measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate method.

The Stockholders’ equity component is recognized by the difference between the total values received by the company with the issuance of the securities, net of transaction costs directly attributable to the issuance of the securities. After initial recognition, the stockholders’ equity component of a compound financial instrument is not measured again until the moment of his conversion.

*s) Provision*

Provisions are recognized only when there is a present obligation (legal or constructive) resulting from a past event, and it is probable that settlement of this obligation would result in an outflow of resources and the amount of the obligation could be reasonably estimated. Provisions are reviewed and adjusted to reflect the current best estimate at the end of each reporting period. Provisions are measured at the present value of the expenditure expected to be required to settle an obligation using a pre-tax rate, which reflects current market assessments of time value of money and the risks specific to the obligation. The increase in the obligation due to the passage of time is recognized as interest expense.

*t) Provision for asset retirement obligations*

The provision made by the company refers basically to the cost of mine closure, by the completion of mining activities and disabling of assets related to mine. The provision is set up initially by recording long-term liabilities with a counterpart an item of main property, plant and equipment. The long-term liabilities are financially updated by the discount rate to date and registered against the income of the period, on the interest expenses. The asset is depreciated on a straight line by useful life rate of the main asset, and recorded against income.

*u) Employee benefits*

*i. Current benefits — wages, vacations and related taxes*

Payments of benefits such as wages, vacation past due or accrued vacation, as well their related social security taxes over those benefits, are recognized monthly in income, respecting the accrual basis.

*ii. Current benefits — profit sharing*

The company has a policy of profit sharing, based on the achievement of individual performance goals, performance of the area and company. The company makes provision based on the periodic measurement of the compliance with goals, using the accrual basis and recognition of present obligation arising from past events in the estimated outflow of resources in the future. The counterpart of the provision is recorded as cost of sales or service rendered or operating expenses in accordance with the activity of the employee.

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*iii. Non-current benefit — pension cost and other post-retirement benefits*

The company maintains several retirement plans for its employees.

For defined contribution plans, the company’s obligation is limited to a monthly contribution linked to a pre-defined percentage over remuneration of employees related to these plans.

For defined benefit plans in which the company has the responsibility for or has some kind of risk, actuarial calculations are periodically obtained of liabilities determined in accordance with the Projected Unit Credit Method in order to estimate the liability for payment of those installments. The liability recognized in the balance sheet is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the balance sheet date, less the fair value of plan assets, with adjustments for past service cost not recognized. Actuarial gain and loss are appointed and controlled by corridor method. This method separates the amounts which exceeds the limits of 10% of amounts of assets or liabilities, whichever is greater, amortizing it based on the remaining life expectancy active participants of plan. For plans without active participants, the excess amount is recognized fully in the income. Past service costs that arise with changes in plans are released immediately in income.

For plans with a surplus position, the company does not make any record in the balance sheet or statement of income, in the absence of a clear position on the use of this surplus. For plans with a deficit position, the company recognizes liabilities and results arising from the actuarial valuation and actuarial gains and losses generated by the evaluation of these plans in income, according to the corridor method.

*iv. Non-current benefits — non-current incentive*

The company has established a mechanism to award its eligible executives (Matching Plan and Long-Term Incentive Plan - ILP) with the goal of encouraging loyalty and sustained performance among others. The Matching plan establishes that these eligible executives link to the plan a specific quantity of their own preferred class A stocks of the company, and shall be entitled at the end of three years to a cash sum corresponding to the market value of the shares lot initially linked by the executives, provided that they are under the ownership of executives throughout the entirety of the period. As well as matching, the ILP provides at the end of three years the payment in the amount equivalent to a certain number of shares based on the assessment of the executives’ career and company performance factors in relation to a group of companies of similar size (per group). Liabilities are measured at each reporting date, at fair value, based on market quotations. Obligations are measured at each reporting date, to the fair value based on market quotations. The compensation costs incurred are recognized in income during the three-year vesting period as defined.

*v) Derivative financial instruments and hedging operations*

The company uses derivative instruments to manage their financial risks as a way to hedge these risks, not using derivative instruments for the purpose of negotiation. Derivative financial instruments are recognized as assets or liabilities on the balance sheet and are measured at fair value. Changes in fair value of derivatives are recorded in each year as gains or losses in the statements of income or in equity adjustments in other comprehensive income in stockholders’ equity when the transaction is illegible and characterized as an effective hedge, in the form of cash flow, and which has been in effect during the period listed.

The company documents the relationship between hedging instruments and hedged items with the objective of risk management and strategy for carrying out hedging operations. The company also documents its assessment, both initially and continuously, that the derivatives used in hedging transactions are highly effective in their changes in fair value or cash flows of hedged items.

The variations in fair value of derivative financial instruments designated as cash flow hedges have their effective component recorded in other comprehensive income and recognized as stockholders’ equity; and their ineffective component recorded in income. The amounts recorded in other comprehensive income, will only be transferred to the income in an appropriate account (cost, operating expense or financial expense) when the hedged item is actually performed.

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*w) Current and Deferred Income Tax and Social Contribution*

The costs of income tax and social contribution are recognized in the statement of income, except for items recognized directly in other comprehensive income, in which cases the tax is also recognized in other comprehensive income.

The provision for income tax is calculated individually for each entity in the Group based on tax rates and tax rules in force in the location of the entity. The recognition of deferred taxes is based on temporary differences between carrying value and the value for tax basis of assets and liabilities and the tax losses and the basis for calculating social contribution, as it was considered likely their achievement against future taxable income. The deferred income tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets against fiscal current liabilities and when the deferred income tax assets and liabilities are related to income taxes recorded by the same taxation authority on the same taxable entity.

*x) Capital*

The Company periodically practices the repurchase of shares to remain in treasury for future sale or cancellation. These shares are recorded in a specific account as reduction of stockholders´ equity at acquisition value and kept at cost value. These programs are approved by the Board with a term and quantities by determined type of shares.

Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of new shares or options are demonstrated in Stockholders’ equity as a deduction from the amount raised, net of taxes.

*y) Revenue Recognition*

Revenue comprises the fair value of the consideration received or receivable by the trading of products and services in the ordinary course of business of the company. Revenue is presented net of taxes, repayment of rebates and discounts.

Revenues with product sales are recognized at the moment the transfer to the buyer of the significant risks and benefits related to the product occurs.

*z) Government Grants and Support*

Government grants and support are accounted for when the company complies with reasonable security conditions set by the government related to grants and support received. The company records via the statement of income, as reductions in taxes or spending according to the nature of the item, through the distribution of results in the statement of income, retained earnings in stockholders’ equity.

*aa) Basic and Diluted earnings per share*

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the profit attributable to shareholders of the company, deducted from the remuneration of holders of equity securities, the weighted average number of shares outstanding (total shares less treasury shares).

Diluted earnings per share are calculated by adjusting the weighted average number of shares outstanding to assume conversion of all diluted potential shares. The Company has in its records, securities mandatorily convertible into shares, which will be converted using treasury shares held by the Company. These securities were recorded as an equity instrument, mainly because there is no option, both for the Company and for the holders to liquidate all or part of the transactions with financial resources and is therefore recognized in the accounts net of finance charges, such a specific component of the Stockholders’ Equity.

*bb) Statement of Added Value — DVA*

The company publishes its consolidated and the parent company statements of added value (DVA) in accordance with the accounting practices adopted in Brazil applicable to public companies which are submitted as part of the financial statements in accordance with Brazilian accounting practices. For IFRS, this statement is presented as additional information, without prejudice to the set of financial statements.

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*3. Critical Accounting Estimates and Assumptions*

The preparation of financial statements requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates and also the exercise of judgments by part of the Board of Directors of the company in the process for implementing of the accounting policies of the Group.

These estimates are based on the best knowledge existing in each period. Changes in facts and circumstances may lead to the revision of the estimates, because those actual future results may differ from estimates.

The significant estimates and assumptions used by management in preparing these financial statements are presented as such:

*a) Mineral reserves and mine useful life*

The estimates of proved reserves and probable reserves are regularly evaluated and updated. The proved reserve and probable reserve are determined using generally accepted geological estimates. The calculation of reserves requires that the company take positions on future conditions that are highly uncertain, including future ore prices, exchange rates, inflation rates, mining technology, availability of permits and production costs. Changes in some of these assumptions could have a significant impact on proved reserves and probable reserves recorded.

The estimated volume of mineral reserves is based as the calculation of the portion of depletion of their respective mines, and its estimated useful life is a major factor to quantify the provision of environmental rehabilitation of mines when writing down of fixed assets . Any change in the estimates of the volume of mine reserves, and the useful life of assets linked to them may have significant impact on charges for depreciation, depletion and amortization recognized in the financial statements as cost of goods sold. Changes in estimated useful life of the mines could cause significant impact on the estimates of environmental spending provision through the write-down of fixed assets and the impairment analysis.

*b) Asset Retirement*

The company recognizes an obligation under the market value for asset retirement during the period in which they are incurred in accordance with Note 2(n). The company considers the accounting estimates related to reclamation and closure costs of a mine as a critical accounting policy because they involve significant values for the provision and it is estimated using several assumptions, such as interest rate, inflation, useful life of the asset considering the current state of depletion and the projected date of depletion of each mine. The estimates are revised each year.

*c) Deferred income tax and social contribution*

The company recognizes the effects of deferred taxes arising from tax losses and temporary differences on its consolidated and parent company’s financial statements. It registers a provision for loss where it believes that tax credits are not fully recoverable in the future.

The determination of the provision for income taxes or deferred income tax, assets and liabilities, and any valuation allowance on tax credits requires estimates of the company. For each future credit tax, the company assesses the probability that part or total tax assets will not be recovered. The valuation allowance made with respect to accumulated tax losses depends on the assessment of the company of the probability of generating future taxable profits in the deferred income tax asset recognized based on production and sales planning, commodity prices, operational costs, restructuring plans, reclamation costs and planned capital costs.

*d) Contingencies*

Contingent liabilities are recorded when the possibility of loss is considered probable by our legal department and their legal advisors.

The contingencies are recorded when the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. By their nature, contingencies will be resolved when one or more future event occurs or fails to occur. Typically, the occurrence of such events does not depend on our performance, which complicates the realization of precise estimates about the date on which such events are verified.

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Assessing such liabilities, particularly in the uncertain Brazilian legal environment and other jurisdictions, involves the exercise of significant estimates and judgments of management regarding the results of future events.

*e) Post-retirement benefits for employees*

The values reported in this section depend on a number of factors that are determined based on actuarial calculations using several assumptions in order to determine costs, liabilities, among others. One of the assumptions used in determining the amounts to be recorded in accounting is the discount rate. Any changes in these assumptions will affect the accounting records made.

The company, together with external actuaries, reviews at the end of each exercise, which assumptions should be used for the following year. These premises are used for upgrades and discounts to fair value of assets and liabilities, costs and expenses and determination of future values of estimated cash outflows, which are needed to settle the plan obligations.

*f) Impairment*

The company annually tests the impairment of tangible and intangible assets segregated by cash-generating unit, usually using the criterion of discounted cash flow that depends on several estimates, which are influenced by market conditions prevailing at the time that this impairment is tested. Although the tests conducted in 2011 and 2010 have not generated recognition of loss, management believes it is not possible to determine whether new impairment losses will occur or not in the future.

*g) Fair Value of the derivatives and others financial instruments*

Fair value of not traded financial instruments in active market is determined by using valuation techniques. Vale uses its own judgment to choose the various methods and assumptions and set which are based on market conditions, at the end of the year.

The analysis of the impacts, if actual results were different from management’s estimate, is presented in note 23 on the topic of sensitivity analysis.

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*4. Accounting Pronouncements*

The company prepared its consolidated financial statements in IFRS based on pronouncements already issued by the CPC and approved by CVM. The statements issued by the IASB, and not yet endorsed by the CVM will not be early adopted by the company.

*a) Pronouncements, interpretations and guidelines issued and/or updated by the CPC during the year 2011*

CPC 15 (R1) - Business combinations

CPC 19 (R1) - Investments in joint venture

CPC 20 (R1) - Borrowing costs - correlation to international accounting standards

CPC 21 (R1) - Interim financial statements - correlation to International accounting standards

CPC 26 (R1) - Presentation of Financial Statements

CPC 35 (R1) - Separate financial statements - correlation to international accounting standards

CPC 36 (R2) - Consolidated financial statements

ICPC 01 (R1) - Service concession arrangements

ICPC 17 - Service concession arrangements - disclosures

*b) Statements and interpretations issued and / or updated by the IASB and not yet endorsed by the CVM, consequently not adopted by the company*

IAS 01 - Presentation of financial statements IAS 19 - Employee benefits IAS 27 - Consolidated and separate financial statements IAS 28 - Investments in associates and joint ventures IFRS 09 - Financial instrument

IFRS 10 - Consolidated financial statements IFRS 11 - Joint arrangements IFRS 12 - Disclosure of interests in other entities

IFRS 13 - Fair value measurement IFRIC 20 - Stripping costs in the production phase of a surface mine

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*5 Risk Management*

Vale considers that an effective risk management is a key objective to support its growth plan, strategic planning and financial flexibility. Therefore, Vale has developed its risk management strategy in order to provide an integrated approach of the risks the company is exposed to. To do that, Vale evaluates not only the impact in the results of the business caused by variables traded in financial markets (market risk), but also the risk from counterparties obligations (credit risk), those relating to inadequate or failed internal processes, people, systems or external events (operational risk), those arising from liquidity risk, among others.

*a) Risk management policy*

The Board of Directors established a risk management policy in order to support the company’s growth plan, strategic planning and business continuity, to improve its capital structure and assets management, to ensure flexibility and strength in financial management and to strengthen its corporate governance practices.

The corporate risk management policy determines that Vale should measure and monitor regularly its corporate risk on a consolidated approach in order to guarantee that the overall risk level of the Company remains aligned with the guidelines defined by the Board of Directors and the Executive Board.

The Executive Risk Management Committee, created by the Board of Directors, is responsible for supporting the Executive Board in the risk assessments and for issuing opinion regarding the Company’s risk management. It’s also responsible for the supervision and revision of the principles and instruments of corporate risk management.

The Executive Board is responsible for the approval of the policy deployment into norms, rules and responsibilities and for reporting to the Board of Directors about such procedures.

The risk management norms and instructions complement the corporate risk management policy and define practices, processes, controls, roles and responsibilities in the Company regarding risk management.

The Company might, whenever considered necessary, allocate limits for specific risks regarding management activities, including - but not limited to - market risk limits, corporate and sovereign credit, in accordance with the acceptable level of corporate risk limit.

*b) Liquidity risk management*

The liquidity risk arises from the possibility that Vale might not perform its obligations on due dates, as well as face difficulties to meet its cash requirements due to market liquidity constraints.

To mitigate such risk, Vale has a revolving credit facility to increase short term liquidity and to enable more efficiency in cash management, being consistent with the strategic focus on cost of capital reduction. The revolving credit facility available today was acquired from a syndicate of several global commercial banks.

*c) Credit risk management*

Vale’s credit risk arises from potential negative impacts in its cash flows due to uncertainty in the ability of counterparties to meet their contractual obligations. To manage that risk, Vale has procedures and processes, such as the controlling of credit limits, the obligation of exposure diversification through several counterparties and the monitoring of the portfolio’s credit risk.

Vale’s counterparties can be divided into three main categories: the customers, responsible by obligations regarding receivables from payment term sales; financial institutions with whom Vale keeps its cash investments or negotiates derivatives transactions; and suppliers of equipment, products and services in the case of payments in advance.

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· Commercial Credit Risk Management

For the commercial credit exposure, which arises from sales to final customers, the risk management department, in accordance with the current delegation level, approves or request the approval of credit risk limits for each counterpart. Besides that, the Executive Board sets annually global credit risk limits and working capital limits, both monitored on a monthly basis.

Vale attributes an internal credit risk rating for each counterparty using its own quantitative methodology for credit risk analysis, based on three main sources of information: i) Expected Default Frequency (EDF) provided by KMV (Moody’s); ii) credit ratings from the main international credit agencies; iii) customer financial statements from which financial ratios are built.

On December 31, 2011, 75 % of the trade receivables have low or insignificant risk and 25% have moderate risk.

Whenever considered necessary, the quantitative credit risk analysis is complemented by a qualitative analysis which takes into consideration the payment history of that counterparty, its commercial relationship with Vale and the customer’s strategic position in its economic sector, among others variables.

Based on the counterparty’s credit risk or based on Vale´s consolidated credit risk profile, risk mitigation strategies are used to minimize the Company`s credit risk in order to meet the acceptable level of risk approved by the Executive Board. The main credit risk mitigation strategies used by the Company are credit insurance, mortgage, letter of credit and corporate guarantees, among others.

Vale has a well-diversified accounts receivable portfolio from a geographical standpoint, being China, Europe, Brazil and Japan the regions with more significant exposures. According to each region, different guarantees can be used to enhance the credit quality of the receivables.

Vale controls its account receivables portfolio through Credit and Cash Collection committees, in which representatives from risk management, cash collection and commercial departments monitor periodically each counterparty`s position. Finally, Vale has an automatic control that blocks additional sales to customers in default.

· Treasury Credit Risk Management

To manage the exposure arising from cash investments and derivatives instruments, the Executive Board approves annually credit limits by counterparty. Furthermore, the risk management department controls the portfolio diversification, the exposure due to counterparties` spread variations and the treasury portfolio overall credit risk. There’s also a daily monitoring of all positions and monthly reporting to the Executive Risk Management Committee.

To calculate the exposure to a counterparty that has several derivative transactions with Vale, it`s considered the sum of exposures of each derivative acquired with this counterparty. The exposure for each derivative is defined as the potential future value calculated within the life of the derivative, considering a joint distribution of the market risk factors that affect the value of the derivative instrument.

Vale also assess the creditworthiness of its counterparties in treasury operations following an internal methodology similar to commercial credit risk management that aims to define a default probability for each counterparty.

Depending on the counterparty’s nature (banks, insurance companies, countries or corporations), different inputs will be considered: i) expected default probability given by KMV; ii) CDS (Credit Default Swaps) and bond market spreads; iii) credit ratings defined by the main international rating agencies; iv) financial statements data and indicators analysis; v) country’s debt ratios, fiscal and monetary policies and other useful measures for country’s risk assessment.

*d) Market risk management*

Vale is exposed to the behavior of several market risk factors that might impact its cash flow. The evaluation of this potential impact, given the volatility of these factors and their correlations, is performed periodically to support the decision making process and the Company`s growth strategy, to ensure its financial flexibility and to monitor volatility on future cash flows.

Thus, whenever considered necessary, market risk mitigation strategies are evaluated and implemented to meet these objectives. Some of those strategies may incorporate financial instruments, including derivatives. The financial instruments

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portfolios are monthly monitored in a consolidated view in order to allow the financial results follow-up and the impact on cash flows, as well as to ensure the strategies adherence with the established goals.

Considering the nature of Vale’s business and operations, the main market risk factors in which the Company is exposed are:

· Interest rates;

· Foreign exchange;

· Products prices and input and other costs;

· Foreign exchange and interest rate risk

The company’s cash flow is subjected to volatility of several currencies, once its product prices are predominantly indexed to US dollar, while most of the costs, disbursements and investments are indexed to other currencies, mainly Brazilian real and Canadian dollar.

In order to reduce the potential impact that arises from this currency mismatch, derivatives instruments can be used as a risk mitigation strategy.

In the case of cash flow foreign exchange protection regarding revenues, costs, disbursements and investments, the main risk mitigation strategies used are forwards and swaps.

The foreign exchange swaps used to mitigate risks considering debt instruments have similar — or, in some cases, shorter — settlement dates than the final maturity of the debt. Their amounts are similar to the principal and interest payments, subject to liquidity market conditions.

The swaps with shorter settlement dates considering the debt’s final maturity are renegotiated through time so that their final maturity matches - or become closer - to the debt’s final maturity. Therefore, at each settlement date, the swap results will partially offset the impact of the foreign exchange rate in Vale’s obligations, contributing to reduce volatility of the cash flow.

In the case of debt instruments denominated in Brazilian real, in the event of an appreciation (or depreciation) of the Brazilian Real against the US Dollar, the negative (or positive) impact on Vale`s debt service (interest and/or principal payment) measured in US dollars will be partially offset by the positive (or negative) effect from the swaps, regardless of the US$/R$ exchange rate on the payment date. The same rationale is applicable to debts denominated in other currencies and their respective swaps.

Vale has also exposure to interest rates risks over loans and financings. The US Dollar floating rate debt in the portfolio consists mainly of loans including export pre-payments, commercial banks and multilateral organizations loans. In general, such debt instruments are indexed to the London Interbank Offered Rate - Libor. Considering the impact of interest rate volatility on the cash flow, Vale observes the potential natural hedges effects between US Dollar floating rates and commodities prices in the decision process of acquiring financial instruments.

· Risk of product and Input prices

Vale is also exposed to market risks regarding commodities prices and input volatilities. In accordance with risk management policy, risk mitigation strategies involving commodities can be used to adjust the cash flow risk profile and reduce Vale’s cash flow volatility. For this kind of risk mitigation strategy, Vale uses predominantly forwards, futures or zero-cost collars.

*e) Operational risk management*

The operational risk management is the structured approach that Vale uses to manage uncertainty related to possible inadequate or failure in internal processes, people, systems and external events.

Thus, the operational risk mitigation is performed by creating new controls and improving the existing ones, by establishing financial provisions as well as the risk transferring through insurance. Therefore, the Company seeks to have a clear view of its major risks, of the best cost-benefit mitigation plans and of the controls in place, monitoring the potential impact of operational risk and allocating capital efficiently.

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*f) Capital Management*

The Company’s policy aims, to manage its capital, to seek a structure that will ensure the continuity of your business in the long term. Within this perspective, the Company has been able to deliver value to stockholders through dividend payments, and at the same time maintain a debt profile suitable for its activities, with an amortization well distributed over the years, on average 9.81 years, thus avoiding a concentration in one specific year.

*g) Insurance*

Vale hires several types of insurance, such as operational risks insurance, civil responsibility, engineering risks insurance (projects), life insurance policy for their employees, among others. The coverage of these policies is similar to the ones used in general by the mining industry and is contracted in line with the objectives defined by the Company, in accordance with the corporate risk management policy.

Insurance management is performed with the support of existing insurance committees in the various operational areas of the Company. Among the management instruments, Vale uses a captive reinsurance company that allows to contract insurances on a competitive basis as well as direct access to key international markets of insurance and reinsurance.

*6. Acquisitions and Disposals*

*a) Sales of aluminium assets*

In February, 2011, Vale concluded the transaction announced in May 2010 with Norsk Hydro ASA (“Hydro”), to transfer all of its interests in ALBRAS - Alumínio Brasileiro S.A. (“Albrás”), ALUNORTE - Alumina do Norte do Brasil S.A. (“Alunorte”) and Companhia de Alumina do Pará (“CAP”), along with their respective off-take rights, outstanding commercial contracts, 60% of Mineração Paragominas S.A., and all of its other Brazilian bauxite mineral rights. In December 31,2010 theses assets were recognized in statement of financial position as of noncurrent assets held for sale.

For these transactions, Vale received R$ 1,802 in cash, and 22% equivalent to 447.834.465 of Hidro’s outstanding common shares (approximately R$ 5,866 in accordance with Hidros’s quotation of closing price on the date of the transaction). In three and five years after the conclusion of the transaction Vale will receive two equal tranches of R$ 374 (equivalent to US$ 200 ) in cash, related to the remaining payment of 40% of the Mineração Paragominas S.A. After the transaction date, the Hydro’s investment is accounted for equity method.

The gain on this transaction, in the amount of R$2,492 was recorded in income as realized gain on assets available for sale.

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*b) Fertilizers Businesses*

In 2010, we acquired 78.92% of the total capital and 99.83% of the voting capital of Vale Fertilizantes and 100% of the total capital of Vale Fosfatados. In 2011 we concluded several transactions including a public offer to acquire the free floating shares of Vale Fertilizantes S.A. During this offer both the common and preferred shares were acquired for R$ 25.00 per share, amounting to a total of R$ 2.078 billion at the date the financial settlement of the transaction. After the public offering, we hold 99,05% of the total capital and 99,98% of voting capital of Vale Fertilizantes.

The purchase price allocation based on the fair values of acquired assets and liabilities was based on studies performed by us with the assistance of external valuation specialists and was finalized during 2011.

The goodwill balance arises primarily due to the synergies between the acquired assets and the potash operations in Taquari-Vassouras, Carnalita, Rio Colorado and Neuquém and phosphates in Bayóvar I and II, in Peru, and Evate, in Mozambique. The future development of our projects combined with the acquisition of the portfolio of fertilizer assets will allow Vale to be one of the biggest in the global fertilizer business.

Purchase Price 10,696
Portion attributed to noncontrolling interest 1,416
Cost Value of proprerty, plant and equipment and mining assets (3,665 )
Cost value of the assets and liabilities assumed, net (730 )
Adjustment to fair value of property, plant and equipment (9,499 )
Adjustment to fair value of inventory (181 )
Deferred income taxes on above adjustments 3,291
Goodwill 1,328

*c) Acquisition of NESA*

In July 2011, we acquired 9% of Norte Energia S.A. (“NESA”) from Gaia Energia e Participações S.A. (Gaia) for R$ 110 (US$ 70). NESA was established with the sole purpose of implementing, operating and exploring the Belo Monte hydroelectric plant, which is still in the early development stage. Vale estimated an investment of R$ 2.300 (equivalent to US$ 1.2 billion) of future capital contributions arising from the acquired stake. Until December 31, 2011 the total capital contribution was R$ 137.

*7. Cash and Cash Equivalents*

Consolidated — December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 Parent Company — December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Cash and bank accounts 2,031 1,212 177 59
Short-term investments 5,427 12,257 398 4,764
7,458 13,469 575 4,823

Cash and cash equivalents includes cash values, demand deposits, and financial investments with insignificant risk of changes in value, being part Brazillian reais indexed the rate of interbank certificates of deposit (“DI Rate”our”CDI”) and part in US dollars in Time deposits with maturity less than three months.

*8. Short-term investments*

Consolidated — December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 Parent Company — December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Time deposits 115 2,987 — —

This includes the financial investments in low risk investments with a maturity of between 91 and 360 days, classified as a financial asset.

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*9. Accounts Receivables*

Consolidated — December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 Parent Company — December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Denominated in reais “brazilian reals” 2,158 1,861 2,238 1,595
Denominated in other currencies, mainly US$ 14,275 12,297 13,699 16,904
16,433 14,158 15,937 18,499
Allowance for doubtful accounts (197 ) (196 ) (128 ) (121 )
16,236 13,962 15,809 18,378

Accounts receivables related to steel industry market represent 67,9% and 75,9%, of receivables on December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively

No customer alone represents over 10% of receivables or revenues.

The loss estimates for credit losses recorded in income as at December 31, 2011, and December 31, 2010 totaled R$3, R$40, respectively. We wrote off on December 31, 2011, and December 31, 2010, the total of R$2, R$66, respectively.

*10. Inventories*

Consolidated — December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 Parent Company — December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Inventories of products
Finished 4,964 3,101 2,170 1,535
In process 2,636 1,658 — —
7,600 4,759 2,170 1,535
Inventories of expenditure 2,751 2,833 1,013 782
Total 10,351 7,592 3,183 2,317

On December 31, 2011, inventory balances include a provision for adjustment to market value of nickel, steel industry products and manganese in the amount of R$ 27, R$ 0 and R$ 16 (R$0, R$5 and R$0 in 2010), respectively.

Consolidated Parent Company
Changes in the inventory
Balance on January 1, 2010 4,012 1,148
Addition 28,690 15,573
Transfer on maintenance supplies 6,071 2,959
Write-off by sale (33,756 ) (17,892 )
Addition (write-off) by inventory adjustment (253 ) (253 )
Write-off by impairments (5 ) —
Balance on December 31, 2010 4,759 1,535
Addition 36,766 18,700
Transfer on maintenance supplies 7,653 3,181
Write-off by sale (40,489 ) (20,958 )
Addition (write-off) by inventory adjustment (1,051 ) (261 )
Write-off by impairments (38 ) (27 )
Balance on December 31, 2011 7,600 2,170
Consolidated Parent Company
Changes on Inventory of consumable materials
Balance on January 1, 2010 1,901 734
Addition 7,003 3,007
Consumption (6,071 ) (2,959 )
Balance on December 31, 2010 2,833 782
Addition 7,571 3,412
Consumption (7,653 ) (3,181 )
Balance on December 31, 2011 2,751 1,013

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*11. Recoverable Taxes*

Recoverable taxes are stated at net value of any realized loss and are classified by the estimated time for realization:

Consolidated — December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 Parent Company — December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Income tax 1,606 782 168 137
Value-added tax 1,985 871 731 479
Brazilian Federal Contributions (PIS - COFINS) 1,902 1,655 1,536 1,394
Others 57 100 82 76
Total 5,550 3,408 2,518 2,086
Current 4,317 2,796 2,317 1,961
Non-current 1,233 612 201 125
5,550 3,408 2,518 2,086

*12. Investments*

Consolidated Parenty Company
Changes in Investments
Balance as january 01, 2010 4,562 87,894
Additions 69 2,768
Lower — (3,833 )
Cumulative translation adjustment (489 ) (770 )
Equity (48 ) 8,661
Cumulative translation adjustment — (685 )
Dividends proposed 2010 (149 ) (1,924 )
Balance as december 31, 2010 3,945 92,111
Additions 6,874 6,284
Lower (9 ) (579 )
Cumulative translation adjustment 407 8,168
Equity (51 ) 9,996
Cumulative translation adjustment (28 ) (765 )
Dividends proposed 2011 (221 ) (2,065 )
Balance as december 31, 2011 10,917 113,150

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Investments Equity results Received dividends
Year ended Three-month period ended (unaudited) Year ended Three-month period ended (unaudited) Year ended
December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 September 30, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 September 30, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Subsidiaries and affiliated companies
Direct and indirect subsidiaries
Aços Laminados do Pará S.A. 266 85 (12 ) (10 ) (32 ) (48 ) (49 ) — — — — —
ALBRAS - Alumínio Brasileiro S.A. (a) — 1,088 — — 33 — (7 ) — — — — —
ALUNORTE - Alumina do Norte do Brasil S.A. (a) — 2,732 — — 50 — 167 — — 31 — 31
Balderton Trading Corp 341 313 (16 ) (6 ) (11 ) (28 ) (11 ) — — — — —
Biopalma da Amazonia S.A. 442 — (35 ) (2 ) — (37 ) — — — — — —
Companhia Portuária da Baía de Sepetiba - CPBS 350 347 27 51 42 152 151 155 — 147 155 147
Compañia Minera Miski Mayo S.A.C 403 356 3 23 (17 ) 6 (21 ) — — — — —
Ferrovia Centro-Atlantica S.A. ( b) 2,590 1,916 (12 ) (29 ) (4 ) (136 ) (15 ) — — — — —
Ferrovia Norte Sul S.A. 1,740 1,743 (8 ) 1 (11 ) (4 ) 2 — — — 3 —
Mineração Corumbaense Reunida S.A. 1,113 913 84 186 (15 ) 297 6 — — — — —
Mineração Paragominas S.A. — 1,813 — — 5 (46 ) 5 — — — — —
Minerações Brasileiras Reunidas S.A. - MBR ( c ) 3,834 3,291 445 (28 ) (51 ) 230 (220 ) — — — — 19
Potasio Rio Colorado S.A. 1,494 455 (30 ) (41 ) (84 ) (72 ) (36 ) — — — — —
Rio Doce Australia Pty Ltd. 752 1,157 (307 ) (42 ) 42 (507 ) (118 ) — — — — —
Salobo Metais S.A. ( b ) 4,625 3,271 (12 ) (13 ) (39 ) 19 (81 ) — — — — —
Sociedad Contractual Minera Tres Valles ( b ) 432 394 (39 ) (27 ) — (76 ) — — — — — —
Urucum Mineração S.A. (e) — 120 — (23 ) 19 30 51 — — — 41 —
Vale Austria Holdings GMBH (c ) 7,850 1,626 (138 ) (142 ) (92 ) 1,036 (90 ) — — — — —
Vale Canada Limited (c ) 9,746 8,992 (473 ) (254 ) 68 (215 ) (697 ) — — — — —
Vale Colombia Holding Ltd. 1,183 826 11 12 16 18 (3 ) — — — — —
Vale Fertilizantes S.A. 10,735 6,055 73 5 (11 ) 203 (11 ) — — — — —
Vale Fosfatados S.A. (d ) — 3,217 — — (35 ) 1 (35 ) — — — — —
Vale International S.A. (c ) 43,804 40,083 1,553 1,304 2,828 7,805 7,827 — — — — —
Vale Manganês S.A. 717 890 (34 ) 25 80 25 201 199 — — 383 —
Vale Mina do Azul S.A. 154 — 73 (59 ) — 13 — — — — — —
Vale Moçambique S.A. 771 326 (121 ) (93 ) (187 ) (438 ) (192 ) — — — — —
Vale Shipping Holding Pte. Ltd. 3,945 1,245 (6 ) 27 — 55 — — — — — —
VBG Vale BSG Limited 757 833 (93 ) (38 ) — (175 ) — — — — — —
Outras 122 709 30 (39 ) 72 31 117 14 — 3 14 30
98,166 84,796 963 788 2,666 8,139 6,941 368 — 181 596 227
Joint controlled entities
California Steel Industries, INC 301 258 (2 ) 3 2 21 3 11 — — 11 —
Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização - KOBRASCO 208 208 17 9 15 55 76 — 27 — 54 18
Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização - HISPANOBRÁS 214 212 45 (24 ) 59 34 67 — — — 32 —
Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização - ITABRASCO 150 143 13 25 23 78 30 71 — — 71 45
Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização - NIBRASCO 372 333 12 26 20 75 84 — — 5 36 5
MRS Logística S.A. 1,028 851 51 52 49 219 157 81 — 111 92 126
Samarco Mineração S.A. 745 676 332 330 456 1,453 1,412 208 408 980 1,384 1,639
Teal Minerals (Barbados) Incorporated 437 150 6 (3 ) 8 (9 ) (16 ) — — — — —
Vale Florestar S.A. 227 235 (4 ) (2 ) — (8 ) (7 ) — — — — —
Vale Soluções em Energia S.A. 272 199 (1 ) (4 ) (55 ) (28 ) (55 ) — — — — —
Others 113 105 3 6 10 18 17 — — — 1 —
4,067 3,370 472 418 587 1,908 1,768 371 435 1,096 1,681 1,833
Affiliates
CSP- Companhia Siderugica do PECEM 499 30 (6 ) — — (6 ) — — — — — —
Henan Longyu Energy Resources CO., LTD. 529 416 30 42 113 140 134 — — — — 147
LOG-IN - Logística Intermodal S/A (f ) 212 224 (8 ) (1 ) 6 (12 ) 6 — — — — —
Norsk Hydro ASA (g ) 6,029 — (39 ) 120 — 160 — — — — 84 —
Norte Energia S.A. 137 — — — — — — — — — — —
Tecnored Desenvolvimento Tecnologico S.A. 86 66 (8 ) (3 ) — (13 ) (18 ) — — — — —
Thyssenkrupp CSA Companhia Siderúrgica do Atlântico 3,003 3,065 (157 ) (127 ) (127 ) (309 ) (144 ) — — — — —
Zhuhai YPM Pellet Co 43 42 — (1 ) 7 — 16 — — — — —
Others 379 102 9 (2 ) (35 ) (11 ) (42 ) — — — — —
10,917 3,945 (179 ) 28 (36 ) (51 ) (48 ) — — — 84 147
113,150 92,111 1,256 1,234 3,217 9,996 8,661 739 435 1,277 2,361 2,207

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(a) Investment sold in 2011;

(b) Investment balance includes the values of advance for future capital increase;

(c) Excluded from equity, investment companies have already detailed in note;

(d) Incorporated in Vale Fertilizantes S.A. in 2011;

(e) Incorporated in Mineração Corumbaense Reunida S.A. in 2011;

(f) Market value on December 31, 2011 and 2010 was R$ 197 and R$ 299, respectively;

(g) Market value on December 31, 2011 was R$ 3,807.

Dividends received directly by the Company in 2011 were R$ 2,196 and R$ 2,060 was 2010.

December 31, 2011 — Total % Voting % Assets Liabilities Stockholders Equity Operating Results Adjusted net income for the year
Direct and indirect subsidiaries
Aços Laminados do Pará S.A. 100.00 100.00 270 4 266 (49 ) (48 )
Balderton Trading Corp 100.00 100.00 380 39 341 (28 ) (28 )
Biopalma da Amazonia S.A. 70.00 70.00 1,132 500 632 (10 ) (53 )
Companhia Portuária da Baía de Sepetiba - CPBS 100.00 100.00 427 77 350 216 152
Compañia Minera Miski Mayo S.A.C 40.00 51.00 1,291 276 1,015 44 15
Ferrovia Centro-Atlantica S.A. 99.99 99.99 2,699 109 2,590 (156 ) (136 )
Ferrovia Norte Sul S.A. 100.00 100.00 1,885 145 1,740 (11 ) (4 )
Mineração Corumbaense Reunida S.A 100.00 100.00 1,949 836 1,113 337 297
Minerações Brasileiras Reunidas S.A. - MBR 92.99 92.99 6,044 1,193 4,851 87 392
Potassio Rio Colorado S.A. 100.00 100.00 1,629 135 1,494 (72 ) (72 )
Rio Doce Australia Pty Ltd. 100.00 100.00 4,662 3,910 752 (469 ) (507 )
Salobo Metais S.A. 100.00 100.00 5,532 907 4,625 (33 ) 19
Sociedad Contractual Minera Tres Valles 90.00 90.00 566 109 457 (84 ) (84 )
Vale Austria Holdings GMBH 100.00 100.00 14,186 6,336 7,850 1,716 1,036
Vale Canada Limited 100.00 100.00 56,186 46,440 9,746 2,386 (194 )
Vale Colombia Holding Ltd. 100.00 100.00 1,516 333 1,183 33 18
Vale Fertilizantes S.A. 99.05 99.98 16,087 5,237 10,850 464 243
Vale International S.A. 100.00 100.00 99,250 55,446 43,804 7,004 7,796
Vale Manganês S.A. 100.00 100.00 1,167 450 717 52 25
Vale Mina do Azul S.A. 100.00 100.00 307 153 154 20 13
Vale Moçambique S.A. 100.00 100.00 3,672 2,901 771 (379 ) (438 )
Vale Shipping Holding Pte. Ltd. 100.00 100.00 4,000 55 3,945 46 55
VBG Vale BSGR Limited 51.00 51.00 2,961 1,482 1,479 (211 ) (343 )
Joint controlled entities
Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização - KOBRASCO 50.00 50.00 508 91 417 168 109
Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização - HISPANOBRÁS 50.89 51.00 847 426 421 98 66
Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização - ITABRASCO 50.90 51.00 404 109 295 236 153
Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização - NIBRASCO 51.00 51.11 833 103 730 216 148
MRS Logística S.A. 45.84 45.68 5,471 3,228 2,243 930 524
Samarco Mineração S.A. 50.00 50.00 6,808 5,319 1,489 3,911 2,906
Teal Minerals (Barbados) Incorporated 50.00 50.00 1,261 385 876 (9 ) (18 )
Vale Soluções em Energia S.A. 52.77 52.77 724 212 512 (59 ) (52 )
Direct and indirect affiliates
Henan Longyu Energy Resources CO., LTD. 25.00 25.00 3,020 904 2,116 714 561
LOG-IN - Logística Intermodal S/A 31.33 31.33 1,394 766 628 (21 ) (35 )
Norsk Hydro ASA 22.00 22.00 41,893 15,115 26,778 1,557 727
Thyssenkrupp CSA Companhia Siderúrgica do Atlântico 26.87 26.87 15,587 4,410 11,177 (929 ) (1,150 )

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*13. Intangible*

Consolidated
December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Cost Amortization Net Intangible Cost Amortization Net Intangible
Indefinite useful lifetime
Goodwill 8,990 — 8,990 8,655 — 8,655
8,990 — 8,990 8,655 — 8,655
Finite useful lifetime
Concession and subconcession 12,739 (3,593 ) 9,146 11,431 (3,551 ) 7,880
Right to use 1,133 (80 ) 1,053 1,102 (48 ) 1,054
Others 1,683 (1,120 ) 563 1,542 (857 ) 685
15,555 (4,793 ) 10,762 14,075 (4,456 ) 9,619
Total 24,545 (4,793 ) 19,752 22,730 (4,456 ) 18,274
Parent Company
December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Cost Amortization Net Intangible Cost Amortization Net Intangible
Indefinite useful lifetime
Goodwill 8,990 — 8,990 8,655 — 8,655
8,990 — 8,990 8,655 — 8,655
Finite useful lifetime
Concession and subconcession 5,919 (2,105 ) 3,814 6,189 (2,366 ) 3,823
Right to use 679 (72 ) 607 679 (48 ) 631
Others 1,683 (1,120 ) 563 1,311 (857 ) 454
8,281 (3,297 ) 4,984 8,179 (3,271 ) 4,908
Total 17,271 (3,297 ) 13,974 16,834 (3,271 ) 13,563

The useful life of the concessions and sub-concessions are detailed in note 27.

The rights of use refers basically to the usufruct contract entered into with non-controlling stockholders to use the Empreendimentos Brasileiros de Mineração S.A. shares (owner of the shares of MBR) and intangible identified in business combination of Vale Canada. The amortization of the right to use will expires in 2037 and Vale Canada’s intangible will end in September 2046.

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The table below shows the movement of intangible assets during the period:

Consolidated — Goodwill Concessions and Subconcessions Right to use Others Total
Balance at January 1, 2010 7,181 7,413 1,266 582 16,442
Addition through acquisition 1,329 2,199 — 227 3,755
Write off — (894 ) (193 ) (1 ) (1,088 )
Amortization — (700 ) (24 ) (261 ) (985 )
Translation adjustment 145 — 5 — 150
Others — (138 ) — 138 —
Balance at December 31, 2010 8,655 7,880 1,054 685 18,274
Addition through acquisition — 2,214 — 295 2,509
Write off — (135 ) — (2 ) (137 )
Amortization — (1,044 ) (24 ) (185 ) (1,253 )
Translation adjustment 335 — 23 — 358
Others — 231 — (230 ) 1
Balance at December 31, 2011 8,990 9,146 1,053 563 19,752
Parent Company — Goodwill Concessions and Subconcessions Right to use Others Total
Balance at January 1, 2010 7,181 3,570 655 381 11,787
Addition through acquisition 1,329 1,614 — 227 3,170
Write off — (744 ) — (1 ) (745 )
Amortization — (616 ) (24 ) (154 ) (794 )
Translation adjustment 145 — — — 145
Others — (1 ) — 1 —
Balance at December 31, 2010 8,655 3,823 631 454 13,563
Addition through acquisition — 331 — 295 626
Write off — (30 ) — (2 ) (32 )
Amortization — (310 ) (24 ) (184 ) (518 )
Translation adjustment 335 — — — 335
Balance at December 31, 2011 8,990 3,814 607 563 13,974

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*14. Property, plant and equipment*

Consolidated — Land Building Facilities Computer equipament Mineral assets Others Constructions im progress Total
Costs:
Balance in January 1, 2010 477 5,693 17,054 45 28,954 25,487 31,238 108,948
Acquisitions — — — — — — 21,676 21,676
Low to alienation (2 ) (191 ) (490 ) (33 ) (173 ) (114 ) (873 ) (1,876 )
Depreciation and amortization — (513 ) (1,743 ) (329 ) (245 ) (2,094 ) — (4,924 )
Translation adjustment — (264 ) 3,820 (1 ) 720 1,080 908 6,263
Transfers 117 3,952 7,316 774 11,416 8,842 (32,417 ) —
Balance in December 31, 2010 592 8,677 25,957 456 40,672 33,201 20,532 130,087
Aquisition — — — — — — 23,787 23,787
Low to alienation — (91 ) (27 ) (3 ) (36 ) (104 ) (191 ) (452 )
Depreciation and amortization — (216 ) (876 ) (129 ) (251 ) (3,077 ) — (4,549 )
Translation adjustment — (24 ) (2,498 ) 7 977 6,637 4,133 9,232
Transfers 738 3,621 (1,038 ) 365 (6,698 ) 1,078 1,934 —
Balance in December 31, 2011 1,330 11,967 21,518 696 34,664 37,735 50,195 158,105
Parent Company — Land Building Facilities Computer equipament Mineral assets Others Constructions im progress Total
Balance in January 1, 2010 272 2,332 9,752 302 1,531 11,248 14,256 39,693
Acquisitions — — — — — — 8,603 8,603
Low to alienation (2 ) (175 ) (1,093 ) (14 ) (129 ) (549 ) (681 ) (2,643 )
Depreciation and amortization — (110 ) (513 ) (309 ) (130 ) (130 ) 2 (1,190 )
Transfers 92 496 433 197 1,492 1,506 (4,216 ) —
Balance in December 31, 2010 362 2,543 8,579 176 2,764 12,075 17,964 44,463
Aquisition — — — — — — 13,990 13,990
Low to alienation — (3 ) (15 ) — (25 ) (44 ) (351 ) (438 )
Depreciation and amortization — (114 ) (509 ) (103 ) (94 ) (1,692 ) — (2,512 )
Transfers 400 2,594 4,033 145 575 (281 ) (7,466 ) —
Balance in December 31, 2011 762 5,020 12,088 218 3,220 10,058 24,137 55,503

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Depreciation of the period allocated to the production cost and expenses, for the year ended in December 31, 2011 and 2010, in the amount of R$ 191 and R$ 275, respectively, in the consolidated. And in December 31, 2011 and 2010, in the amount of R$ 134 and R$ 206, respectively, in the parent company.

The net property, plant and equipments given in guarantees for judicial claims in December 31, 2011 and 2010 correspond to R$ 191 and R$ 275 in the consolidated, and R$ 134 and R$ 206 in the parent company, respectively.

*15. Impairment of Non-financial Assets*

As defined in the accounting policy described in note 2.n), the Company annually tests the recoverable value of its intangibles assets of long-lived assets, which are mainly the portion of goodwill for expected future earnings arising from process of the business combination.

For long-term non-financial assets, which are not subject to amortization, are reviewed whenever there are indications that the carrying amount is not recoverable.

The Company uses to determine the recoverable value the greater amount between the fair value less cost to sell and the value in method, that is based on the projection of expected cash flows of the business at the valuation date until expected date at the end of useful life of the mine, process plant or business. During projection, the key assumptions considered are related to: mineral reserves and resources, sales prices of all commodities, operating costs, capital investment and discount rates.

Management determines its cash flows based on approved budgets, taking into consideration reserves and mineral resources estimated by internal experts, costs and investments based on the best estimate and past performance, sale prices consistent with projections used in reports published by industry, and considering the market price when available and appropriated. Cash flows used were designed based on the useful life of each unit (consumption of reserves in case of mineral units) and considered maximum and minimum discount rates (8.0% - 5.5%) that reflect specific risks related to relevant assets in each generating unit, depending on their composition and location.

As a result of the annual tests in 2011 and 2010 no expense for loss on recoverable value of assets and goodwill was recognized.

The determination of the recoverability of assets depends on certain key assumptions as described above which are influenced by market conditions prevailing at the time that such impairment is tested and thus it is not possible to determine if further recoverability losses will occur in the future and, if they were to occur, if these would be materials.

*16. Loans and Financing*

*a) Short term debts*

Consolidated — December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Loans attached to imports and exports 618 804
Working capital 42 340
660 1,144

Financings raised in the short term for export, denominated in U.S. dollars with an average interest rate on December 31, 2011 and 2010 of 1.81% py and 2% py, respectively.

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*b) Long term*

Consolidated — Current liabilities Noncurrent liabilities
December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Long-term contracts abroad
Loans and financing in:
United States dollars 1,022 4,062 6,726 5,416
Others currencies 17 29 96 362
Fixed rates
Notes indexed in United Stated dollars (fixed rates) 767 — 18,820 17,065
Euro — — 1,812 1,671
Perpetual notes — — — 130
Accrued charges 426 401 — —
2,232 4,492 27,454 24,644
Long-term contracts in Brazil
Indexed to TJLP, TR, IGP-M e CDI 527 187 10,426 6,963
Basket of currencies 3 2 — 207
Loans in United States dollars 22 2 70 1,229
Non-convertible debentures into shares 214 — 4,803 4,736
Accrued charges 214 183 — —
980 374 15,299 13,135
3,212 4,866 42,753 37,779
Parent Company — Current liabilities Noncurrent liabilities
December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Long-term contracts abroad
Loans and financing in:
United States dollars 165 236 3,325 2,531
Others currencies — 5 — —
Fixes rates
Euro — — 1,812 1,671
Accrued charges 81 73 — —
246 314 5,137 4,202
Long-term contracts in Brazil
Indexed to TJLP, TR, IGP-M e CDI 448 121 9,459 6,275
Basket of currencies — 2 — 207
Loans in United States dollars — — — 1,224
Non-convertible debentures into shares — — 4,000 4,000
Accrued charges 198 179 — —
646 302 13,459 11,706
892 616 18,596 15,908

The long-term portion on December 31, 2011 has maturity in the following years:

Consolidated Parent Company
2013 6,313 4,783
2014 2,749 1,977
2015 2,388 997
2016 3,358 1,002
2017 onwards 27,266 9,837
No maturity date (non-convertible debentures) 679 —
42,753 18,596

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The long-term portion on December 31, 2011 has maturity in the following years:

Consolidated Parent Company
Up to 3% 10,307 5,803
3,1% to 5% (*) 4,922 2,405
5,1% to 7% 16,719 1,791
7,1% até 9% (**) 5,544 2,321
9,1% até 11% (**) 4,418 4,050
Over 11% (**) 4,045 3,118
Variable 10 —
45,965 19,488

(*) Includes the operation of Eurobonds which we have entered derivative financial instrument at a cost of 4.71% per year in american dollars.

(**) Includes non-convertible debentures and other Brazilian real denominated debt that interest at Brazilian Certificate of Deposit (CDI) and Brazilian Government long-term Interest Rates (TJLP) plus a spread. Due to these operations, derivative financial instruments were contracted to protect the Company’s exposure to variations in the floating debt in reais. The total contracted amount for these transactions is R$11,298, of which R$9,418 has an original interest rates above 7% per year. The average cost after taking into account the derivative transaction is 2.98% per year in US dollars.

The total average cost of all derivative transactions is of 3.22% per year in US dollars.

On January 4, 2012, (subsequent event) Vale issued R$ 1,868 (US$1 billion) notes due in 2022 sold at a price of 98.804% of the principal amount and will bear a coupon of 4.375% per year, payable semi-annually through its wholly-owned subsidiary Vale Overseas Limited.

*c) Credit Lines*

Vale has available revolving credit lines that can be disbursed and paid at any time, during its availability period. On December 31, 2011, the total amount available under the revolving credit lines was R$7,660 (US$4,100 million), of which R$5,605 (US$3,000 million) can be drawn by Vale S.A., Vale Canada Limited and Vale International, R$654 (US$350 million) can be drawn by Vale International and the balance by Vale Canada Limited. As of December 31, 2011, none of the borrowers had drawn any amounts under these facilities, but letters of credit totaling R$200 (US$107 million) had been issued and remained outstanding pursuant to Vale Canada Limited’s facility.

In August 2011, we entered into an agreement with a syndicate of financial institutions, with the support of Korean Trade Insurance Corporation (K-Sure), to finance the acquisition of five large ore carriers and two capesize bulkers. The agreement provides a credit line of up to R$990 (US$530 million). As of December 31, 2011, Vale had drawn R$333 (US$178 million) as agreed.

In October 2010, Vale signed an agreement with Export Development Canada (EDC) to finance its investment program. Under the agreement, EDC will provide a credit line of up to R$ 1,868 (US$1 billion). As of December 31, 2011, Vale disbursed R$ 934 (US$ 500 million).

In September 2010, Vale entered into agreements with The Export-Import Bank of China and the Bank of China Limited for the financing of 12 very large ore carriers, comprising a facility in an amount up to R$ 2,048 (US$1,229 million). The financing has a 13-year total term to be repaid, and the funds will be disbursed during 3 years according to the construction schedule. As of December 31, 2011, we had drawn R$872 (US$467 million).

In June 2010, Vale established certain facilities with Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico Social — BNDES for a total amount of R$774 to finance the acquisition of domestic equipments. In March 31, 2011, Vale increased the amount of credit lines through a new agreement with BNDES in R$ 103 million. As of December 31, 2011, R$615 was disbursed in this agreement.

In May 2008, the Company has signed agreements with Japanese long term financing credit agencies in the amount of R$9,342 (US$ 5 billion), being R$5,605 (US$ 3 billion) with Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JIBC) and R$3,737 (US$

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2 billion) with Nippon Export and Investment Insurance (NEXI), to finance mining projects, logistics and energy generation. As of December 31, 2011, Vale through its subsidiary PT International Nickel Indonesia Tbk (PTI) withdrew R$ 560 (US$ 300 million) under the credit facility NEXI to finance the construction of the hydroelectric plant of Karebbe, Indonesia.

In April 2008, Vale has signed a credit line in the amount of R$ 7,300 with Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social - BNDES to finance its investment program. As of December 31, 2011, Vale withdrew R$ 2,795 million in this agreement.

*d) Guarantee*

On December 31, 2011, R$1,902 of the total aggregate outstanding debt were secured by fixed assets. The outstanding balance, in the amount of R$44,212 has no guarantee.

*e) Covenants*

The principal covenants, included in certain financial agreements, require the observance of certain ratios, such as debt to EBITDA and interest coverage. Vale has not identified any events of noncompliance as of December 31, 2011.

*17. Provision*

We are involved parties in labor, civil, tax and other ongoing lawsuits and are discussing these issues administratively and in court, which, when applicable, are supported by judicial deposits. Provisions for losses resulting from these processes are estimated and updated by the Company, supported by the legal opinion of the legal board of the Company and by its external legal consultants.

Consolidated — Tax contingencies Civil contingencies Labor contingencies Environmental contingencies Total accrued liabilities
Balance as January 01, 2010 1,933 935 1,273 61 4,202
Additions 451 64 271 2 788
Reversals (331 ) (170 ) (45 ) — (546 )
Payments (751 ) (49 ) (327 ) (2 ) (1,129 )
Monetay update 176 113 105 3 397
Balance as December 31, 2010 1,478 893 1,277 64 3,712
Additions 72 256 685 11 1,024
Reversals (83 ) (349 ) (156 ) (16 ) (604 )
Payments (169 ) (287 ) (348 ) (19 ) (823 )
Monetay update 143 (18 ) (17 ) 21 129
Balance as December 31, 2011 1,441 495 1,441 61 3,438
Parent Company — Tax contingencies Civil contingencies Labor contingencies Environmental contingencies Total accrued liabilities
Balance as January 01, 2010 1,173 539 993 26 2,731
Additions 156 51 271 2 480
Reversals (329 ) (18 ) (45 ) — (392 )
Payments (751 ) (5 ) (251 ) (1 ) (1,008 )
Monetay update 76 113 104 4 297
Balance as December 31, 2010 325 680 1,072 31 2,108
Additions 37 57 660 11 765
Reversals (2 ) (349 ) (145 ) — (496 )
Payments (7 ) (143 ) (347 ) (15 ) (512 )
Monetay update 89 (22 ) (23 ) 19 63
Balance as December 31, 2011 442 223 1,217 46 1,928

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Provisions for Tax Contingencies - The nature of tax contingencies refer to discussions on the basis of calculation of the Financial Compensation for Exploiting Mineral Resources — CFEM and denials of compensation claims of credits in the settlement of federal taxes in Brazil, and mining taxes in our foreign subsidiaries. The other causes refer to the charges of Additional Port Workers Compensation — AITP and questions about the location for the purpose of incidence of Service Tax — ISS.

Provision for Civil Contingencies - They are related to the demands that involve contracts between Vale and other group companies with their service providers, requiring differences in values due to alleged losses that have occurred due to various economic plans, other demands are related to accidents, actions damages and still others related to monetary compensation in action vindicatory.

Provision for Labor Contingencies - Consist of lawsuits filed by employees and service providers, questioning parcels arising from the employment relationship. The most recurring objects are payment of overtime, hours in “intinere”, hazard pay and unhealthy. The social security contingencies are also included in this context because arising from parcels of labor, in the case of legal and administrative disputes between the INSS and the Vale/group companies, whose core is the incidence of compulsory social security or not.

In addition to those provisions, there are judicial deposits. These deposits are the guarantees to the contingencies required in court. They are monetarily update and reported in noncurrent assets of the Company until it happens the court decision to rescue these deposits by the complainant, unless there is a favorable outcome of the issue to the entity. Judicial deposits are as follows:

Judicial deposits Consolidated — December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 Parent Company — December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Tax contingencies 927 910 474 458
Civil contingencies 293 692 184 609
Labor contingencies 1,691 1,451 1,425 1,237
Environmental contingencies 9 9 8 8
Total 2,920 3,062 2,091 2,312

The Company discuss in its administrative and judicial sphere about legal actions where the loss expectation is considered possible and understands there is no needs to provision, since there is a strong legal basis for the positioning of the Company. These contingent liabilities are split between tax, civil, labor and social security, and are as follows:

Possible Contingencies Consolidated — December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 Parent Company — December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Tax contingencies 35,938 4,419 30,814 217
Civil contingencies 2,800 1,827 1,567 1,195
Labor contingencies 3,602 3,308 3,348 3,036
Environmental contingencies 2,024 52 2,009 37
Total 44,364 9,606 37,738 4,485

The increase in the values of the tax contingencies with a possible prognosis refers mainly to discussion relating to recovery of Income Tax and Social Contribution, calculated based on the equity method in foreign subsidiaries.

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*18. Asset retirement obligation*

The Company uses various judgments and assumptions when measuring the obligations related to discontinuation of use of assets. The accrued amount is not deducted from the potential costs covered by insurance or indemnities, because their recovery is considered uncertain.

Long term interest rates used to discount to present value and update the provision to December 31, 2011 and 2010 were 5.82% p.y. and 7.96% p.y. respectively. The liability is periodically updated based on these discount rates plus the inflation index (IGPM) for the period in reference.

The variation in the provision for asset retirement is demonstrated as follows:

Balance in January 1, 2010 Consolidated — 2,086 Parent Company — 846
Increase expense 205 132
Liquidation in the current period (78 ) (77 )
Revisions in estimated cash flows 384 (96 )
Cumulative translation adjustments (6 ) —
Balance in December 31, 2010 2,591 805
Increase expense 215 102
Liquidation in the current period (96 ) (52 )
Revisions in estimated cash flows 788 261
Cumulative translation adjustments 106 —
Balance in December 31, 2011 3,604 1,116
Current 136 21
Non-current 3,468 1,095
3,604 1,116

*19. Deferred Income Tax and Social Contribution*

The income of the Company is subject to the common system of taxation applicable to companies in general. The net deferred balances were as follows:

Consolidated — December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 Parent Company — December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Recoverable income tax 1,712 1,273 — —
Temporary differences:
Pension plan 891 1,223 134 231
Provision 882 964 708 787
Impairment of Assets 1,645 1,113 748 629
Fair value of financial instruments 991 631 994 619
Goodwill linked to property acquired (12,424 ) (11,583 ) — —
Others (778 ) (554 ) (475 ) (477 )
Total (7,081 ) (6,933 ) 2,109 1,789
Social contribution — (3,574 ) — (3,574 )
Total (7,081 ) (10,507 ) 2,109 (1,785 )
Assets 3,692 2,440 2,109 1,789
Liabilities (10,773 ) (12,947 ) — (3,574 )
(7,081 ) (10,507 ) 2,109 (1,785 )

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Consolidated — Assets Liabilities Total Parent Company — Ativo
Total amount in January 1, 2010 2,760 (9,307 ) (6,547 ) 730
Net income effect (507 ) 2,758 2,251 624
Addition/settlement of temporary difference 254 (560 ) (306 ) (4 )
Subsidiary acquisition — (3,810 ) (3,810 ) —
Cumulative translation adjustment — 261 261 —
Tax losses consumption (846 ) — (846 ) (846 )
Tax losses recognition 779 — 779 —
Deferred social contribution — (2,254 ) (2,254 ) (2,254 )
Other comprehensive income — (35 ) (35 ) (35 )
Total amount in December 31, 2010 2,440 (12,947 ) (10,507 ) (1,785 )
Net income effect 1,061 (549 ) 512 299
Subsidiary acquisition — (127 ) (127 ) —
Cumulative translation adjustment 170 (724 ) (554 ) —
Deferred social contribution — 3,574 3,574 3,574
Other comprehensive income 21 — 21 21
Total amount in December 31, 2011 3,692 (10,773 ) (7,081 ) 2,109

The deferred assets and liabilities of income tax and social contribution arising from tax losses, negative social contribution and temporary differences are recognized in the accounts, taking into consideration the analysis of future performance, based on economic and financial projections, prepared based on assumptions internal and macroeconomic, trade and tax scenarios that may suffer changes in the future.

These temporary differences that will be performed upon the occurrence of the corresponding relevant facts generators have the following expectations:

Consolidated — December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 Parent Company — December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Deferred income tax and social contribution
to be recovered after than 12 months (7,612 ) (10,941 ) 1,793 (2,033 )
to be recovered within 12 months 531 434 316 248
(7,081 ) (10,507 ) 2,109 (1,785 )

The income tax in Brazil comprises the taxation on income and social contribution on profit. The composite statutory rate applicable in the period presented is 34%. In other countries where we have operations, we are subject to various rates depending on jurisdiction.

The total amount presented as income tax and social contribution results in the financial statements is reconciled with the rates established by law, as follows:

Three-month period ended (unaudited)
Consolidated
December 31, 2011 September 30, 2011 December 31, 2010
Income before tax and social contribution 10,282 8,343 12,331
Results of equity investments 179 (28 ) 36
Exchange variation - not taxable 158 (307 ) 239
10,619 8,008 12,606
Income tax and social contribution at statutory rates - 34% (3,610 ) (2,723 ) (4,286 )
Adjustments that affects the basis of taxes:
Income tax benefit from interest on stockholders’ equity 689 947 621
Tax incentive 568 192 422
Results of overseas companies taxed by different rates which differs from the parent company rate 224 539 1,220
Reversal (262 ) — —
Deductible Social Contribution paid — 886 —
Others 278 (334 ) (97 )
Income tax and social contribution on the profit for the period (2,113 ) (493 ) (2,120 )

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Year ended as of
Consolidated Parent Company
December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Income before tax and social contribution 46,465 37,679 44,186 37,024
Results of equity investments 51 48 (9,996 ) (8,661 )
Exchange variation - not taxable 43 479 — —
46,559 38,206 34,190 28,363
Income tax and social contribution at statutory rates - 34% (15,830 ) (12,990 ) (11,625 ) (9,644 )
Adjustments that affects the basis of taxes:
Income tax benefit from interest on stockholders’ equity 2,776 1,732 2,755 1,732
Tax incentive 1,507 1,390 1,188 1,093
Results of overseas companies taxed by different rates which differs from the parent company rate 2,315 2,988 — —
Reversal (485 ) — — —
Deductible Social Contribution paid 886 — 886 —
Others (234 ) (155 ) 424 87
Income tax and social contribution on the profit for the period (9,065 ) (7,035 ) (6,372 ) (6,732 )

In Brazil, Vale has a tax incentive of partial reduction of income tax due to the amount equivalent to the portion allocated by tax law to transactions in the north and northeast with iron, railroad, manganese, copper, bauxite, kaolin and potash. The incentive is calculated based on the tax profit of the activity (called operating income), takes into consideration the allocation of operating profit by incentive production levels during the periods specified for each product as grantees, and generally, for 10 years and are in the case of Company expire until 2020. An amount equal to that obtained with the tax saving must be appropriated in a retained earnings reserve account in Stockholders’ equity, and may not be distributed as dividends to Stockholders.

Vale benefits from the allocation of part of income tax due to be reinvested in the purchase of equipment in incentive operation, subject to subsequent approval by the regulatory agency in the incentive area of Superintendence for the Development of Amazonia - SUDAM and the Northeast Development Superintendence - SUDENE. When the reinvestment approved, the tax benefit is also appropriate in retained earnings reserve, which impaired is the distribution as dividends to Stockholders

Vale also has tax incentives related to the production of nickel from Vale New Caledonia — VNC. These incentives include temporary exemptions of the total income tax during the construction phase of the project, and also for a period of 15 years beginning in the first year of commercial production as defined by applicable law, followed by 5 years with refund of 50% of temporary. In addition, VNC is eligible for certain exemptions from indirect taxes such as import tax during the construction phase and throughout the commercial life of the project. Some of these tax benefits, including temporary tax incentives, are subject to an earlier interruption if the project achieves a specified cumulative rate of return. VNC is taxable for a portion of profits starting in the first year that commercial production is reached, as defined by applicable law. So far, there has been no taxable income realized in New Caledonia. Vale also received tax incentives for projects in Mozambique, Oman and Malaysia.

Vale is subject to the revision of income tax by local tax authorities for up to five years in companies operating in Brazil, ten years for operations in Indonesia and up to seven years for companies with operations in Canada.

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*20. Employee Benefits Obligations*

*a) Retirement Benefit Obligations*

The Company is the sponsor of pension plans mixed with characteristics of benefit and defined contribution (such as benefit plan Vale Mais), which includes retirement income and the risk benefits (death pension, retirement for disability and sickness benefit). These plans are calculated based on length of service, age, salary base and supplement to Social Security benefits. These plans are administered by Fundação Vale do Rio Doce de Seguridade Social — VALIA.

The Company also sponsors a pension plan with defined benefit characteristics. This plan was funded by monthly contributions made by the sponsor and employees, calculated on the basis of periodic actuarial estimates. With the creation of the plan Vale Mais in May 2000, more than 98% of active employees opted to transfer. The defined benefit is still there, covering almost exclusively retired participants and their beneficiaries. This plan is also administered by VALIA.

Additionally, a specific group of former employees are entitled to additional payments to the normal benefits of VALIA through Complementation Bonus plus a post-retirement benefit that covers medical, dental and pharmaceutical assistance to that specific group.

The Company also has defined benefit plans and other post-employment benefits administered by other foundations and social security entities which, together, benefiting all employees.

The following information details the status of defined benefit elements of all the plans, as well as costs related to them.

The results of the actuarial valuation are as follows:

*i. Changes in the present value of obligations*

Consolidated — Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Others underfunded pension plans Parent Company — Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Others underfunded pension plans
Present value of obligations on January 1, 2010 4,745 8,209 2,270 4,745 2,387 324
Initial liability recognized with new consolidation 642 20 97 — — —
Current service cost 3 122 46 — 24 3
Interest cost 574 635 179 504 257 35
Benefits paid (461 ) (658 ) (140 ) (415 ) (148 ) (31 )
Plan amendment — 35 (4 ) — — —
Actuarial loss 533 439 16 442 247 56
Exchange rates changes effects — 18 36 — — —
Present value of obligations on December 31, 2010 6,036 8,820 2,500 5,276 2,767 387
Initial liability recognized with new consolidation
Current service cost 2 148 52 — 28 5
Interest cost 650 631 160 573 304 42
Benefits paid (494 ) (688 ) (138 ) (441 ) (166 ) (41 )
Plan amendment — 4 — — — —
Net transfers — 26 — — — —
Alteration of hypotheses — (44 ) (52 ) — — —
Actuarial loss (gain) 444 (210 ) 192 404 (4 ) 78
Exchange rates changes effects — 561 200 — — —
Present value of obligations on December 31, 2011 6,638 9,248 2,914 5,812 2,929 471

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*ii. Evolution of the fair value of assets*

Consolidated — Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Others underfunded pension plans Parent Company — Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Others underfunded pension plans
Fair value of assets on January 1, 2010 7,190 7,131 19 7,190 1,977 —
Initial asset recognized with new consolidation 751 16 — — — —
Actual return on assets 944 714 2 839 233 —
Sponsor contributions 4 316 140 — 206 31
Benefits paid (461 ) (658 ) (140 ) (415 ) (148 ) (31 )
Actuarial loss (gain) 879 214 — 879 214 —
Exchange rates changes effects — 8 1 — — —
Fair value of assets on December 31, 2010 9,307 7,741 22 8,493 2,482 —
Initial asset recognized with new consolidation
Actual return on assets 1,097 388 — 994 279 —
Sponsor contributions 4 964 138 1 242 41
Benefits paid (494 ) (690 ) (138 ) (441 ) (166 ) (41 )
Actuarial loss (gain) (242 ) 13 — (331 ) 11 —
Antecipated settlement in the plan — (44 ) (18 ) — — —
Exchange rates changes effects — 526 (1 ) — — —
Fair value of assets on December 31, 2011 9,672 8,898 3 8,716 2,848 —

A special contribution was made to the Vale Canada Limited defined underfunded benefit plans of R$ 588 during the period. The contribution was made to bring the adequate ratios which provide Vale Canada with more certain funding requirements for 2011-2013

Administrative plan assets by Valia at December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 include investments in portfolio of our own stocks in the amount of R$ 636 and R$864, investments in debentures in the amount of R$ 117 and R$ 106 and investments equity on related parties in the amount of R$ 157 and R$135, respectively. They also include on December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, R$ 6,637 and R$6,914 of securities of the Federal Government. The assets of pension plans of Vale Canada Limited are in securities of the Government of Canada and in December31, 2011 and 2010, in the amount of R$1,219 and R$726, respectively. The assets plans linked to fertilizers assets, in December 31, 2011 and 2010 are in securities of the Federal Government is in the amount of R$ 278 and R$263, respectively.

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*iii. Reconciliation of assets and liabilities recognized in the balance sheet*

Consolidated
December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Others underfunded pension plans (*) Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Others underfunded pension plans
Present value of obligations in the year-end (6,638 ) (9,248 ) (2,914 ) (6,036 ) (8,820 ) (2,500 )
Fair value of assets in the year-end 9,672 8,898 3 9,307 7,741 22
Net value of (gains) and losses not recorded in the balance sheet — (75 ) 174 — (45 ) 67
Effect of limit of CPC 33, paragraph 58(b) (3,034 ) — — (3,271 ) — —
Total — (425 ) (2,737 ) — (1,124 ) (2,411 )
Net actuarial asset/liability accrued
Current — (172 ) (144 ) — (160 ) (151 )
Non-current — (253 ) (2,593 ) — (964 ) (2,260 )
Total — (425 ) (2,737 ) — (1,124 ) (2,411 )
Parent Company
December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Others underfunded pension plans Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Others underfunded pension plans
Present value of obligations in the year-end (5,812 ) (2,929 ) (471 ) (5,276 ) (2,767 ) (387 )
Fair value of assets in the year-end 8,716 2,848 — 8,493 2,482 —
Net value of (gains) and losses not recorded in the balance sheet — (74 ) 79 — (57 ) 49
Effect of limit of CPC 33, paragraph 58(b) (2,904 ) — — (3,217 ) — —
Total — (155 ) (392 ) — (342 ) (338 )
Net actuarial asset/liability accrued
Current — (120 ) (21 ) — (139 ) (37 )
Non-current — (35 ) (371 ) — (203 ) (301 )
Total — (155 ) (392 ) — (342 ) (338 )

*iv. Recorded costs in the statement of income*

Consolidated
December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Others underfunded pension plans Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Others underfunded pension plans
Current service cost 2 147 50 3 101 46
Interest on actuarial liabilities 650 630 160 574 635 179
Expected return on assets (1,097 ) (640 ) (2 ) (944 ) (579 ) (1 )
Amortization and (gains) / losses, net (paragraph 58a) 761 46 (11 ) (404 ) 38 23
Effect of limit described in paragraph 58 (b) in CPC 33 (314 ) — — 771 — —
Total costs, net 2 183 197 — 195 247
Consolidated
December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Others underfunded pension plans Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Others underfunded pension plans
Current service cost — 28 5 — 24 3
Interest on actuarial liabilities 573 304 42 504 257 35
Expected return on assets (994 ) (277 ) — (839 ) (223 ) —
Amortization and (gains) / losses, net (paragraph 58a) 735 — 48 (436 ) — 23
Effect of limit described in paragraph 58 (b) in cpc 33 (314 ) — — 771 — —
Total costs, net — 55 95 — 58 61

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*v. Actuarial and economic assumptions*

All calculations involve future actuarial projections about some parameters, such as: salaries, interest, inflation, the behavior of INSS benefits, mortality, disability, etc.

The economic actuarial assumptions adopted were formulated considering the long-term period for maturity and should therefore be examined in that light. So, in the short term, they may not necessarily be realized.

In the evaluations were adopted the following economic assumptions :

Brazil
December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Others underfunded pension plans Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Others underfunded pension plans
Discount rate 10,91% a.a. 10,78% a.a. 10,90% a.a. 11,30% a.a. 11,30% a.a. 10,30% a.a.
Expected return on assets 11,91% a.a. 10,50% a.a. N/A 12,00% a.a. 10,50% a.a. N/A
Growth rate of payroll and related charges - up to 47 years 8,15% a.a. N/A N/A 8,15% a.a. 8,15% a.a. N/A
Growth rate of payroll and related charges - after 47 years 5,00% a.a. 5,00% a.a. N/A 5,00% a.a. 5,00% a.a. N/A
Inflation 5,00% a.a. 5,00% a.a. 5,00% a.a. 5,00% a.a. 5,00% a.a. 5,00% a.a.
Nominal growth rate of medical costs N/A N/A 8,15% a.a. N/A N/A 8,15% a.a.
Foreign — December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Underfunded pension plans Others underfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Others underfunded pension plans
Discount rate 5,43% a.a. 5,43% a.a. 6,21% a.a. 5,44% a.a.
Expected return on assets 6,51% a.a. 6,51% a.a. 7,02% a.a. 6,50% a.a.
Growth rate of payroll and related charges - up to 47 years 4,10% a.a. 4,10% a.a. 4,11% a.a. 3,58% a.a.
Growth rate of payroll and related charges - after 47 years 4,10% a.a. 4,10% a.a. 4,11% a.a. 3,58% a.a.
Inflation 2,00% a.a. 2,00% a.a. 2,00% a.a. 2,00% a.a.
Nominal growth rate of medical costs N/A N/A N/A 5,92% a.a.

*vi. Data from participants:*

Consolidated
December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Others underfunded pension plans Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Others underfunded pension plans
Number of actives participants 202 67,951 74,729 245 59,923 67,990
Average age 50 36 36 50 36 36
Average service length 27 7 8 27 8 9
Number of participants with deferred benefit (*) — 5,815 — — 4,876 —
Average age — 39 — — 40 —
Number of de retirees and pensioners 18,380 18,189 32,633 18,496 18,078 32,765
Average age 66 71 64 66 71 63
Parent Company
December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Others underfunded pension plans Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Others underfunded pension plans
Number of actives participants 14 54,179 65,047 21 45,829 55,019
Average age 51 35 35 51 35 35
Average service length 27 7 7 27 7 8
Number of participants with deferred benefit — 4,141 — — 3,397 —
Average age — 35 — — 36 —
Number of de retirees and pensioners 16,901 3,167 7,516 17,046 3,066 8,231
Average age 67 65 45 66 64 44

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*vii. Assets of pension plans*

*Brazilian Plans*

The Investment Policy Statements of pension plans sponsored for Brazilian employees are based on a long term macroeconomic scenario and expected returns. An Investment Policy Statement was established for each obligation by following results of a strategic asset allocation study.

Plan asset allocations comply with pension funds local regulation issued by CMN - Conselho Monetário Nacional (CMN Resolution 3,792/09). We are allowed to invest in six different asset classes, defined as Segments by the law, as follows: Fixed Income, Equity, Structured Investments (Alternative Investments and Infra-Structure Projects), International Investments, Real Estate and Loans to Participants in compliance with pre approved policies.

The investment policies aims to achieve adequate diversification, revenue and long-term valuation, through the combination of all asset classes described above to meet their obligations to many plans of the appropriate level of risk.

The pension fund has a risk management process with established policies that intend to identify measure and control all kind of risks faced by our plans, such as: market, liquidity, credit, operational, systemic and legal.

*Foreign plans*

The strategy for each of the pension plans sponsored by Vale Canada is based upon a combination of local practices and the specific characteristics of the pension plans in each country, including the structure of the liabilities, the risk versus reward trade-off between different asset classes and the liquidity required to meet benefit payments.

*viii. Overfunded pension plans*

*Brazilian Plans*

The Defined Benefit Plan (the “Old Plan”) has the most part of its assets allocated in fixed income, mainly in Brazilian government bonds (such as TIPS) and corporate long term inflation linked corporate bonds with the objective to reduce the asset-liability volatility. This LDI (Liability Driven Investments) strategy, when considered together with Loans to Participants segment, aims to hedge plan’s liabilities against inflation risk and volatility. This plan had an average nominal income of 20% per annum, in the past 11 years. The target allocation for each investment segment or asset class in the following:

December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Fixed income investments 57 % 52 %
Variable income investments 24 % 28 %
Structures investments 6 % 6 %
Foreing investments 1 % 2 %
Real Estate 8 % 7 %
Operations with participants (loans) 4 % 5 %

The “Plano Vale Mais” has obligations with characteristics of defined benefit plans and defined contribution plans. Most investments are in fixed income. To reduce the volatility of assets and liabilities from the components of the plot with defined benefit’s characteristics, we use Brazilian government bonds indexed to inflation. The target allocation for this strategy is 55% of total assets of this sub plan. Bellow there are the target allocations for each investment segment or asset class:

December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Fixed income investments 56 % 59 %
Variable income investments 24 % 24 %
Structures investments 3.5 % 2 %
Foreing investments 0.5 % 1 %
Real Estate 6 % 4 %
Operations with participants (loans) 10 % 10 %

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The Defined Contribution Vale Mais component offers three options of asset classes’ mix that can be chosen by participants. The options are: Fixed Income — 100%; 80% Fixed Income and 20% Equities and 65% Fixed Income and 35% Equities. Loan to participants is included in the fixed income options. Equities management is done through investment fund that targets Ibovespa index.

Assets by category are as follows:

Consolidated
December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Assets by category
Cash and cash equivalents — — — — 9 — — 9
Accounts receivable 28 — — 28 135 — — 135
Equity securities — net 2,391 146 — 2,537 2,201 126 — 2,327
Debt securities — corporate bonds — 832 — 832 — 699 — 699
Debt securities — government bonds 3,442 — — 3,442 3,523 — — 3,523
Investment funds — Fixed Income 2,879 — — 2,879 2,683 — — 2,683
Investment funds — equity 538 — — 538 855 — — 855
Investment funds — private equity 21 — — 21 39 — — 39
Investment funds — not listed companies — — 331 331 — — 213 213
Investment funds — real state — — 37 37 — — 31 31
Real estate — — 748 748 — — 481 481
Loans from participants — — 343 343 — — 302 302
Total 9,299 978 1,459 11,736 9,445 825 1,027 11,297
Funds not related to risk plans (2,064 ) (1,990 )
Fair value of plan assets at year-end 9,672 9,307
Parent Company
December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Assets by category
Cash and cash equivalents — — — — 1 — — 1
Accounts receivable 28 — — 28 135 — — 135
Equity securities — net 2,093 146 — 2,239 2,201 126 — 2,327
Debt securities — corporate bonds — 782 — 782 — 699 — 699
Debt securities — government bonds 3,246 — — 3,246 3,274 — — 3,274
Investment funds — Fixed Income 2,636 — — 2,636 2,428 — — 2,428
Investment funds — equity 498 — — 498 606 — — 606
Investment funds — private equity 21 — — 21 39 — — 39
Investment funds — not listed companies — — 258 258 — — 213 213
Investment funds — real state — — 32 32 — — 31 31
Real state — — 708 708 — — 438 438
Loans from participants — — 332 332 — — 292 292
Total 8,522 928 1,330 10,780 8,684 825 974 10,483
Funds not related to risk plans (2,064 ) (1,990 )
Fair value of plan assets at year-end 8,716 8,493

Measurement of overfunded plan assets at fair value with no observable market variables - level 3

Consolidated — Investments fund of not listed companies Fund of real state Real state Loans from participants Total Parent Company — Investments fund of not listed companies Fund of real state Real state Loans from participants Total
On January 1, 2010 151 — 391 275 817 151 — 391 275 817
Actual retorn on plan assets (5 ) 2 81 41 119 (5 ) 2 76 38 111
Initial consolidation of new acquisitions — — 38 7 45 — — — — —
Assets sold during the year (4 ) (2 ) (40 ) (125 ) (171 ) (4 ) (2 ) (40 ) (125 ) (171 )
Assets purchased and settled 71 — 42 104 217 71 — 42 104 217
Transfers between levels — 31 (31 ) — — — 31 (31 ) — —
Cumulative translation adjustment — — — — — — — — — —
On December 31, 2010 213 31 481 302 1,027 213 31 438 292 974
Actual retorn on plan assets (12 ) 1 132 40 161 (12 ) 1 132 40 161
Initial consolidation of new acquisitions — — — — — — — — — —
Assets sold during the year (2 ) — (36 ) (119 ) (157 ) (2 ) — (33 ) (119 ) (154 )
Assets purchased and settled 59 — 171 120 350 59 — 171 119 349
Transfers between levels 73 5 — — 78 — — — — —
Cumulative translation adjustment — — — — — — — — — —
On December 31, 2011 331 37 748 343 1,459 258 32 708 332 1,330

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The return target for private equity assets in 2012 is 11.94% p.a. for the Old Plan and 11.51% p.a.for the New Plan. The target allocation is 6% for the Old Plan and 5.3% for the New Plan, ranging between 2% and 10% for the Old Plan and ranging between 1% and 10% for the New Plan. These investments have a longer investment horizon and low liquidity that aim to profit from economic growth, especially in the infrastructure sector of the Brazilian economy. Usually non-liquid assets’ fair value is similar to the acquisition cost or book value. Some private equity funds, alternatively, apply the following methodologies: discounted cash flows analysis or analysis based on multiples.

The target return for loans to participants in 2012 was 16% p.a. The fair value pricing of these assets includes provisions for non-paid loans, according to the local pension fund regulation.

The target return for real estate assets in 2012 was 12.80% p.a. The fair value of these assets is near to their carrying value. The pension fund hires companies specialized in real estate valuation that do not act in the market as brokers. All valuation techniques follow the local regulation.

*ix. Underfunded pension plans*

*i. Brazilian Plans*

The obligation has an exclusive allocation in fixed income. It was also used a LDI (Liability Driven Investments) strategy for this plan. Most of the resources were invested in long term Brazilian government bonds (similar to TIPS) and inflation linked corporate bonds with the objective of minimizing asset-liability volatility and reduce inflation risk. This obligation has an average nominal return of 16% p.a. in local currency in the last 6 years.

*ii. Foreign plans*

For all pension plans except PT Inco, this has resulted in a target asset allocation of 60% in equity investments and 40% in fixed income investments, with all securities being traded in the public markets. Fixed income investments are in domestic bonds for each plan’s market and involve a mixture of government and corporate bonds. Equity investments are primarily global in nature and involve a mixture of large, mid and small capitalization companies with a modest explicit investment in domestic equities for each plan. The Canadian plans also use a currency hedging strategy (each developed currency’s exposure is 50% hedged) due to the large exposure to foreign securities. For PT Inco, the target allocation is 20% equity investment and the remainder in fixed income.

Assets by category are shown below:

Consolidated
December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Assets by category
Cash and cash equivalents 36 44 — 80 36 50 — 86
Accounts receivable 22 — — 22 34 — — 34
Equity securities — net 2,571 113 — 2,684 2,704 8 — 2,712
Debt securities — corporate bonds — 594 — 594 — 291 — 291
Debt securities — government bonds 605 1,171 — 1,776 615 694 — 1,309
Investment funds — Fixed Income 2,225 1,061 — 3,286 1,799 1,199 — 2,998
Investment funds — equity 610 703 — 1,313 512 577 — 1,089
Investment funds — private equity 3 4 — 7 6 5 — 11
Investment funds — not listed companies — — 31 31 — — 24 24
Investment funds — real state — — 2 2 — — 2 2
Real state — — 153 153 — — 62 62
Loans from participants — — 301 301 — — 251 251
Total 6,072 3,690 487 10,249 5,706 2,824 339 8,869
Funds not related to risk plans (1,351 ) (1,128 )
Fair value of plan assets at year-end 8,898 7,741

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Parent Company
December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Assets by category
Cash and cash equivalents 4 — — 4 7 — — 7
Accounts receivable 2 — — 2 10 — — 10
Equity securities — net 271 110 — 381 306 8 — 314
Debt securities — corporate bonds — 212 — 212 — 287 — 287
Debt securities — government bonds 555 — — 555 560 — — 560
Investment funds — Fixed Income 2,084 — — 2,084 1,700 — — 1,700
Investment funds — equity 471 — — 471 360 — — 360
Investment funds — private equity 3 — — 3 6 — — 6
Investment funds — not listed companies — — 31 31 — — 24 24
Investment funds — real state — — 2 2 — — 2 2
Real state — — 153 153 — — 62 62
Loans from participants — — 301 301 — — 251 251
Total 3,390 322 487 4,199 2,949 295 339 3,583
Funds not related to risk plans (1,351 ) (1,101 )
Fair value of plan assets at year-end 2,848 2,482

Measurement of underfunded plan assets at fair value with non-observable market variables - level 3

Consolidated — Investments fund of not listed companies Fund of real state Real state Loans from participants Total Parent Company — Investments fund of not listed companies Fund of real state Real state Loans from participants Total
On January 1, 2010 17 — 43 216 276 17 — 43 216 276
Actual retorn on plan assets — — — 33 33 — — — — —
Initial consolidation of new acquisitions (4 ) — 7 — 3 (4 ) — 7 33 36
Assets sold during the year — — (4 ) (94 ) (98 ) — — (4 ) (94 ) (98 )
Assets purchased and settled 11 — 18 96 125 11 — 18 96 125
Transfers between levels — — — — — — 2 — — 2
Cumulative translation adjustment — 2 (2 ) — — — — (2 ) — (2 )
On December 31, 2010 24 2 62 251 339 24 2 62 251 339
Actual retorn on plan assets (3 ) — 15 52 64 (3 ) — 15 52 64
Assets sold during the year — — (3 ) (99 ) (102 ) — — (3 ) (99 ) (102 )
Assets purchased and settled 10 — 79 97 186 10 — 79 97 186
On December 31, 2011 31 2 153 301 487 31 2 153 301 487

*x. Assets of underfunded other benefits*

*i. Plans abroad*

Underfunded other benefits by asset category:

Consolidated — December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Level 1 Total Level 1 Total
Assets by category
Cash and cash equivalents 3 3 22 22
Total 3 3 22 22
Fair value of asset plans at year-end 3 22

*xi. Disbursement of future cash flow*

Vale expects to disburse in 2012 with pension plans and other benefits, R$490 on the consolidated and R$271 on the parent company.

*xii. Sensitivity related to the nominal growth rate of medical costs*

Consolidated
Increase of 1% Decrease of 1%
December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Present value of obligations 483 355 (385 ) (287 )
Interest and service cost 41 36 (32 ) (28 )

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Parent Company
Increase of 1% Decrease of 1%
December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Present value of obligations 40 33 (34 ) (29 )
Interest and service cost 4 3 (4 ) (3 )

*xiii. Estimated future benefit payments*

The following table presents the expected benefit payments, which reflect future services, as follows:

Consolidated — Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Others underfunded other benefits Total
2012 494 739 162 1,395
2013 510 730 170 1,410
2014 527 729 176 1,432
2015 543 737 184 1,464
2016 559 742 192 1,493
2017 onwards 3,004 3,906 951 7,861
Parent Company — Overfunded pension plans Underfunded pension plans Others underfunded other benefits Total
2012 438 188 39 665
2013 453 199 43 695
2014 469 211 47 727
2015 483 223 52 758
2016 498 236 57 791
2017 onwards 2682 1388 235 4305

*b) Participation in the results Plan*

The Company, based in Participation in Results Program (“PPR”) allows defining, monitoring, evaluation and recognition of individual and collective performance of its employees.

The Participation in Results in the Company for each employee is calculated individually according to the achievement of goals previously established by blocks of indicators of the Company, Business Unit, Team and individual. The contribution of each block in the performance scores of employees is discussed and agreed each year, between us and the unions representing their employees.

The Company accrued expenses / costs related to participation in the result as follows:

Consolidated — December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 Parent Company — December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Operational expenses 728 453 627 266
Cost of good sold 828 535 715 511
Total 1,556 988 1,342 777

*c) Long-term compensation plan*

Aiming to promote the vision of stockholder, in addition to increasing the ability to retain executives and to strengthen the culture of sustainability performance, Vale has a Long-term Compensation Plan, for some executives of the Company, covering 3-year cycles.

Under the terms of the plan, the participants may allocate a portion of their annual bonus to the plan. Part of the bonus allocated to the plan is used by the executive to purchase preferred stock of Vale, through a financial institution prescribed under market conditions and without any benefit provided by Vale.

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The shares purchased by the executive have no restrictions and can according to own criteria of each participant, be sold at any time. However, actions need to be kept for a period of three years and executives need to keep your employment with the Vale during this period. The participant shall be entitled, in this manner, to receive from the Vale, a payment in cash equivalent to the amount of stock holdings based on market quotations. The total number of stocks linked to the plan on December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 is 3,012,538 and 2,458,627, respectively.

Additionally, certain executives eligible to long-term incentives have the opportunity to receive at the end of a three years cycle a monetary value equivalent to market value of a determined number of stocks based on an assessment of their careers and performance factors measured as an indicator of total return to the Stockholders.

Liabilities are measured at fair value on the date of each issuance of the report, based on market rates.

The compensation costs incurred are recognized by the defined vesting period of three years. On December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010, we recorded a provision of R$ 204 and R$ 200 respectively, in the income statement.

*21. Classification of financial instruments*

The classification of financial assets and liabilities is shown in the following tables:

Consolidated
December 31, 2011
Loans and receivables (a) At fair value through profit or loss (b) Derivatives designated as hedge (c) Available-for-sale (d) Total
Financial assets
Current
Cash and cash equivalents 7,458 — — — 7,458
Derivatives at fair value — 820 302 — 1,122
Accounts receivable from customers 16,236 — — — 16,236
Related parties 69 — — — 69
23,763 820 302 — 24,885
Non current
Related parties 904 — — — 904
Loans and financing 399 — — — 399
Derivatives at fair value — 112 — — 112
1,303 112 — — 1,415
Total of Assets 25,066 932 302 — 26,300
Financial liabilities
Current
Suppliers and contractors 9,157 — — — 9,157
Derivatives at fair value — 112 26 — 138
Current portion of long-term debt 3,212 — — — 3,212
Loans and financing 660 — — — 660
Related parties 32 — — — 32
13,061 112 26 — 13,199
Non current
Derivatives at fair value — 1,239 — — 1,239
Loans and financing 42,753 — — — 42,753
Related parties 230 — — — 230
Debentures — 2,496 — — 2,496
42,983 3,735 — — 46,718
Total of Liabilities 56,044 3,847 26 — 59,917

(a) Non-derivative financial instruments with determinable cash flow.

(b) Financial instruments acquired with the purpose of trading in the short term.

(c) See note 22.

(d) Financial instruments not classified in other categories.

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Consolidated
December 31, 2010
Loans and receivables (a) At fair value through profit or loss (b) Derivatives designated as hedge (c) Available-for-sale (d) Total
Financial assets
Current
Cash and cash equivalents 13,469 — — — 13,469
Short-term investments 2,987 — — — 2,987
Derivatives at fair value — 51 36 — 87
Accounts receivable from customers 13,962 — — — 13,962
Related parties 90 — — — 90
30,508 51 36 — 30,595
Non current
Related parties 8 — — — 8
Loans and financing 274 — — — 274
Derivatives at fair value — 502 — — 502
282 502 — — 784
Total of financial assets 30,790 553 36 — 31,379
Financial liabilities
Current
Suppliers and contractors 5,804 — — — 5,804
Derivatives at fair value — 92 — — 92
Current portion of long-term debt 4,866 — — — 4,866
Loans and financing 1,144 — — — 1,144
Related parties 24 — — — 24
11,838 92 — — 11,930
Non current
Derivatives at fair value — 15 88 — 103
Loans and financing 37,779 — — — 37,779
Related parties 3 — — — 3
Debentures — 2,140 — — 2,140
37,782 2,155 88 — 40,025
Total of financial liabilities 49,620 2,247 88 — 51,955
Parent Company
December 31, 2011
Loans and receivables (a) At fair value through profit or loss (b) Derivatives designated as hedge (c) Available-for-sale (d) Total
Financial assets
Current
Cash and cash equivalents 575 — — — 575
Derivatives at fair value — 573 1 — 574
Accounts receivable from customers 15,809 — — — 15,809
Related parties 2,561 — — — 2,561
18,945 573 1 — 19,519
Non Current
Related parties 446 — — — 446
Loans and financing 158 — — — 158
Derivatives at fair value — 96 — — 96
604 96 — — 700
Total of Assets 19,549 669 1 — 20,219
Financial Liabilities
Current
Suppliers and contractors 3,504 — — — 3,504
Derivatives at fair value — 91 26 — 117
Current portion of long-term debt 892 — — — 892
Related parties 4,959 — — — 4,959
9,355 91 26 — 9,472
Non Current
Derivatives at fair value — 953 — — 953
Loans and financing 18,596 — — — 18,596
Related parties 28,654 — — — 28,654
Debentures — 2,496 — — 2,496
47,250 3,449 — — 50,699
Total of Liabilities 56,605 3,540 26 — 60,171

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Parent Company
December 31, 2010
Loans and receivables (a) At fair value through profit or loss (b) Derivatives designated as hedge (c) Available-for-sale (d) Total
Financial assets
Current
Cash and cash equivalents 4,823 — — — 4,823
Derivatives at fair value — 1 36 — 37
Accounts receivable from customers 18,378 — — — 18,378
Related parties 1,123 — — — 1,123
24,324 1 36 — 24,361
Non current
Related parties 1,936 — — — 1,936
Loans and financing 164 — — — 164
Derivatives at fair value — 284 — — 284
2,100 284 — — 2,384
Total of financial assets 26,424 285 36 — 26,745
Financial liabilities
Current
Suppliers and contractors 2,863 — — — 2,863
Current portion of long-term debt 616 — — — 616
Related parties 5,326 — — — 5,326
8,805 — — — 8,805
Non current
Loans and financing 15,908 — — — 15,908
Related parties 27,597 — — — 27,597
Debentures — 2,140 — — 2,140
43,505 2,140 — — 45,645
Total of financial liabilities 52,310 2,140 — — 54,450

*22. Fair Value Estimative*

Due to the short-term cycle, it is assumed that the fair value of cash and cash equivalents balances, short-term investments, accounts receivable and accounts payable are close to their book values. For measurement and determination of fair value, the Company uses various methods including market approaches, income or cost, in order to estimate the value that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability. The financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value should be classified and disclosed in accordance with the following levels:

*Level 1* — Unadjusted quoted prices on an active, liquid and visible market for identical assets or liabilities that are accessible at the measurement date;

*Level 2 -* Quoted prices (adjusted or unadjusted) for identical or similar assets or liabilities on active markets; and

*Level 3* - Assets and liabilities, which quoted prices does not exist, or those prices or valuation techniques are supported by little or no market activity, unobservable or illiquid.

The tables below present the assets and liabilities of the parent company and the consolidated measured at fair value on December 31, 2011, 31 December 2010 and January 1, 2010.

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Consolidated
December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Level 1 Level 2 Total (*) Level 1 Level 2 Total (*)
Financial Assets
Current
Deriatives at fair value through profit or loss — 820 820 22 29 51
Derivatives designated as hedges — 302 302 — 36 36
— 1,122 1,122 22 65 87
Non-Current
Deriatives at fair value through profit or loss — 112 112 — 502 502
— 112 112 — 502 502
Total of Assets — 1,234 1,234 22 567 589
Financial Liabilities
Current
Deriatives at fair value through profit or loss 1 111 112 20 72 92
Derivatives designated as hedges — 26 26 — — —
1 137 138 20 72 92
Non-Current
Deriatives at fair value through profit or loss — 1,239 1,239 1 14 15
Derivatives designated as hedges — — — — 88 88
Stockholders’ debentures — 2,496 2,496 — 2,140 2,140
— 3,735 3,735 1 2,242 2,243
Total of Liabilities 1 3,872 3,873 21 2,314 2,335
Parent Company — December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Level 2 Total (*) Level 2 Total (*)
Financial Assets
Current
Derivatives at fair value through profit or loss 574 574 37 37
574 574 37 37
Non-current
Derivatives at fair value through profit or loss 96 96 284 284
96 96 284 284
Total of assets 670 670 321 321
Financial Liabilities
Current
Derivatives at fair value through profit or loss 91 91 — —
Derivatives designated as hedges 26 26 — —
117 117 — —
Non-current
Derivatives at fair value through profit or loss 953 953 — —
Stockholders’ debentures 2,496 2,496 2,140 2,140
3,449 3,449 2,140 2,140
Total of liabilities 3,566 3,566 2,140 2,140

(*) No classification according to the level 3

*a) Methods and Techniques of Evaluation*

*i. Assets and liabilities at fair value through profits or loss*

Comprise derivatives not designated as hedges and stockholders’ debentures.

· *Derivatives designated or not as hedge*

The financial instruments were evaluated by calculating their present value through the use of curves that impact the instrument on the dates of verification. The curves and prices used in the calculation for each group of instruments are detailed in the “market curves”.

The pricing method used in the case of European options is the Black & Scholes model. In this model, the fair value of the derivative is a function of volatility and price of the underlying asset, the exercise price of the option, the interest rate and period to maturity. In the case of options when the income is a function of the average price of the underlying asset over a period of life of the option, called Asian, we use the model of Turnbull & Wakeman. In this model, besides the factors that influence the option price in the Black-Scholes model, is considered the forming period of the average price.

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In the case of swaps, both the present value of the active tip and the passive tip are estimated by discounting cash flows by the interest rate of the currency in which the swap is denominated. The difference between the present value of active tip and passive tip of swap generates its fair value.

In the case of swaps tied to TJLP “Long-Term Interest Rate”, the calculation of fair value considers the TJLP constant, that is, projections of future cash flows in Brazilian real are made considering the last TJLP disclosed.

Contracts for the purchase or sale of products, inputs and costs of selling with future settlement are priced using the forward curves for each product. Typically, these curves are obtained in the stock exchange where the products are traded, such as the London Metals Exchange (LME), the COMEX (Commodity Exchange) or other providers of market prices. When there is no price for the desired maturity, Vale uses interpolation between the available maturities.

· *Stockholders’ Debentures*

Comprise the debentures issued on behalf of the privatization process (see note 27(b)), whose fair values are measured based on market approach, and its reference prices are available on the secondary market.

*ii. Assets available-for-sales*

Comprise the assets that are not held-to-maturity, for strategic reasons. Comprise investments that are valued based on quoted prices in active markets where available, or internal assessments based on expected future cash flows of the assets.

*b) Fair value measurement compared to book value*

For the loans allocated in the level 1, the evaluation method used to estimate the fair value of debt is the market approach to the contracts listed on the secondary market. And for the loans allocated in the level 2, the fair value for both fixed-indexed rate debt and floating rate is determined from the discounted cash flow using the future values of the Libor rate and the curve of Vale’s Bonds (income approach).

The fair values and carrying amounts of non-current loans (net of interest) are shown in the table below

Consolidated — Balance of 2011 Fair value of 2011 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Loans (long term)* 45,325 48,325 35,884 12,441 —
Perpetual notes** 149 149 — 149 —
  • Net interest of R$640

** classified on “Related parties” (Non-current liabilities)

Consolidated — Balance of 2010 Fair value of 2010 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Loans (long term)* 42,062 44,233 33,607 10,625 —
  • Net interest of R$584
Parent Company — Balance of 2011 Fair value of 2011 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Loans (long term)* 19,209 19,719 12,010 7,710 —
  • net interest of R$279
Parent Company — Balance of 2010 Fair value of 2010 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Loans (long term)* 16,272 16,628 13,944 2,684 —
  • net interest of R$252

(*) No classification according to the level 3

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*23. Stockholders’ Equity*

*a) Capital*

The Stockholders’ Equity is represented by common and preferred non-redeemable shares without par value. Preferred shares have the same rights as common shares, with the exception of voting for election of members of the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may, regardless of changes to bylaws, issuing new shares (authorized capital), including the capitalization of profits and reserves to the extent authorized.

In December 31 2011, the capital was R$75,000,000 corresponding to 5,365,304,100 (3,256,724,482 common and 2,108,579,618 preferred) shares with no par value .

Stockholders December 31, 2011 — ON PNA Total
Valepar S.A. 1,716,435,045 20,340,000 1,736,775,045
Brazilian Government (Golden Share) — 12 12
Foreign investors - ADRs 739,482,753 765,585,822 1,505,068,575
FMP - FGTS 99,572,382 — 99,572,382
PIBB - BNDES 2,125,375 2,805,380 4,930,755
BNDESPar 218,386,481 69,432,771 287,819,252
Foreign instititional investors in the local market 176,756,776 365,179,678 541,936,454
Institutional investors 163,266,809 378,583,092 541,849,901
Retail investors in the country 53,787,654 325,553,049 379,340,703
Treasure stock in the country 86,911,207 181,099,814 268,011,021
Total 3,256,724,482 2,108,579,618 5,365,304,100

*b) Revenue reserves*

The values of the retained earnings are distributed as:

Total amount in January 1, 2010 Investment reserve — 45,165 Legal reserve — 3,896 Tax incentive reserve — 211 Total of undistributed revenue reserves — 49,272
Capitalization of reserves (2,435 ) — (131 ) (2,566 )
Additional remuneration to securities (513 ) — — (513 )
Allocation of income 23,468 1,804 1,022 26,294
Total amount in December 31, 2010 65,685 5,700 1,102 72,487
Capitalization of reserves (22,867 ) — (266 ) (23,133 )
Allocation of income 25,864 1,891 996 28,751
Total amount in December 31, 2011 68,682 7,591 1,832 78,105

Investment reserve aims to ensure the maintenance and development for activities that comprise the Company’s purpose in an amount not exceeding 50% of net income.

Legal reserve is a requirement for all Brazilian Public Company and represents ownership of 5% of annual net income based on Brazilian law, up to 20% of the capital.

Tax incentive reserve resulting from the option to designate a portion of the income tax for investments in projects approved by the Brazilian Government as well as tax incentives (Note 18).

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*c) Resources linked to the future mandatory conversion in shares*

The mandatory convertible as at December 31, 2011 are presented:

Series Emission Expiration Amount (thousands of reais) — Gross Net of changes Coupon
Series VALE e VALEP - 2012 July/09 June/12 1,858 1,523 6,75% a.a.

The notes pay a quarterly coupon and are entitled to an additional remuneration equivalent to the cash distribution paid to ADS holders. These notes were classified as a capital instrument, mainly due to the fact that neither the Company nor the holders have the option to settle the operation, whether fully or partially, with cash, and the conversion is mandatory. Consequently, they were recognized as a specific component of shareholders’ equity, net of financial charges.

The funds linked to future mandatory conversion, net of financial charges, are equivalent to the maximum of common shares and preferred shares as reported below. All the shares are currently held in treasury.

Series Maximum amount of shares — Common Preferred Amount (thousands of reais) — Common Preferred
Series VALE e VALEP - 2012 18,415,859 47,284,800 473 1,050

In November 2011, Vale paid additional remuneration to holders of mandatorily convertible notes, series VALE-2012 and VALE P-2012, in the amount of US$ 1.657454 and US$ 1.917027 per note, respectively.

In September 2011, Vale paid additional remuneration to holders of mandatorily convertible notes, series VALE-2012 and VALE P-2012, in the amount of US$ 1.806046 and US$ 2.088890 per note, respectively.

In April 2011, Vale paid additional remuneration to holders of mandatorily convertible notes, series VALE-2012 and VALE P-2012, in the amount of US$ 0.985344 and US$ 1.139659 per note, respectively.

In January 2011, Vale paid additional remuneration to holders of mandatorily convertible notes, series VALE-2012 and VALE P-2012, US$ 0.462708 and US$ 0.535173 per note, respectively.

In June 2010, the notes of Rio and RIO P series were converted into ADSs and representing a total of 49,305,205 common shares and 26,130,033 preferred class A shares, respectively. The conversion was performed using 75,435,238 shares in treasury stock held in by the Company. The difference between the amount converted and the book value of the shares of R$2,028 was recognized as capital reserve in Stockholders’ equity.

*d) Treasury stocks*

In November 2011, as part of the buy-back program approved in June 2011, we concluded the acquisitions of 39,536,080 common shares, at an average price of R$ 26.25 per share, and 81,451,900 preferred shares, at an average price of R$ 24.09 per share (including shares of each class in the form of ADR), for a total aggregate purchase price of R$ 5,091. The repurchased shares represent 3.1% of the free float of common shares, and 4.24% of the free float of preferred shares, outstanding before the launch of the program. The shares acquired will be held in treasury for cancellation.

In December 31, 2011, there are 268,001,021 treasury stocks, in the amount of R$ 9,917, as follows:

Classes December 31, 2010 Addition Reduction December 31, 2011 Price of acquisition — Average Low(*) High December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Preferred 99,649,571 81,451,900 (1,657 ) 181,099,814 37.50 14.02 47.77 39.75 45.08
Common 47,375,394 39,536,080 (267 ) 86,911,207 35.98 20.07 54.83 42.39 51.50
Total 147,024,965 120,987,980 (1,924 ) 268,011,021

(*) Shares value with splits: R$ 1.17 preferred and R$ 1.67 common.

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*e) Basic and diluted earnings per share*

The value of basic earnings per shares and diluted were calculated as follows:

Three-month period ended (unaudited) — December 31, 2011 September 30, 2011 December 31, 2010 Year ended — December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Net income from continuing operations attributable to the Company’s stockholders 8,354 7,893 10,002 37,814 30,292
Discontinued operations, net of tax — — — — (222 )
Net income attributable to the Company’s stockholders 8,354 7,893 10,002 37,814 30,070
Basic and diluted earnings per share:
Income available to preferred stockholders 3,203 3,057 3,882 14,640 11,793
Income available to common stockholders 5,151 4,836 6,120 23,174 18,277
Total 8,354 7,893 10,002 37,814 30,070
Weighted average number of shares outstanding
(thousands of shares) - preferred shares 1,985,195 2,033,746 2,044,561 2,031,315 2,083,068
Weighted average number of shares outstanding
(thousands of shares) - common shares 3,192,903 3,216,400 3,222,619 3,215,479 3,228,439
Total 5,178,098 5,250,146 5,267,180 5,246,794 5,311,507
Basic earnings per share
Basic earnings per preferred share 1.61 1.50 1.90 7.21 5.66
Basic earnings per common share 1.61 1.50 1.90 7.21 5.66
Continued operations
Earnings per preferred share 1.61 1.50 1.90 7.21 5.70
Earnings per common share 1.61 1.50 1.90 7.21 5.70
Discontinued operations
Earnings per preferred share — — — — (0.04 )
Earnings per common share — — — — (0.04 )
Diluted earnings per share
Diluted earnings per preferred share 1.61 1.50 1.90 7.21 5.66
Diluted earnings per common share 1.61 1.50 1.90 7.21 5.66
Continued operations
Diluted earnings per preferred share 1.61 1.50 1.90 7.21 5.70
Diluted earnings per common share 1.61 1.50 1.90 7.21 5.70
Discontinued operations
Diluted earnings per preferred share — — — — (0.04 )
Diluted earnings per common share — — — — (0.04 )

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*f) Remuneration of Stockholders*

During the 2011, Vale paid the minimum annual remuneration attributed to stockholders in 2010, in the form of interest on capital in the amount of R$ 8,104. Additionally, we anticipate R$ 6,856 relating to dividends of annual remuneration attributed to stockholders in 2011.

The following, proposal for allocation of 2011 stockholders remuneration:

Remuneration of Stockholders:

Net income 37,814
Legal reserve (1,891 )
Tax incentive reserve (996 )
Ajusted net income 34,927
Dividends:
Mandatory minimum - 25% (R$ 1.713027 per outstanding share) in form of dividends 8,732
Statutory dividend on preferred shares:
3% of stockholders’ equity R$ 0.933053 per outstanding share 1,798
6% of capital R$ 0.917527 per outstanding share 1,769
Proposed remuneration:
Dividends advanced on August 2011 4,855
Dividends advanced on October 2011 2,001
Interest on capital proposed in December 31, 2011 2,207
Remuneration to Stockholders (R$ 1,755733 per share outstanding) 9,063

*24. Derivatives*

*a) Effects of Derivatives on the balance sheet*

Consolidated
Assets Liabilities
December 31, 2011 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Current Non-current Current Non-current Current Non-current Current Non-current
Derivatives not designated as hedge
Foreign exchange and interest rate risk
CDI & TJLP vs. US$ fixed and floating rate swap 768 112 — 500 91 1,101 — —
EURO floating rate vs. US$ fixed rate swap — — 1 — — — — —
US$ floating rate vs. US$ fixed rate swap — — — — — — 6 —
AUD Forward — — 4 — — — — —
Fixed rate vs.CDI swap 9 — — — 2 — 33 —
EuroBonds Swap — — — — 7 61 — 14
Future treasury — — — — 11 — — —
Pre dollar swap 35 — — 1 — 77 — —
Floating US$ vs. Pre Dollar swap — — — — — — 1 —
812 112 5 501 111 1,239 40 14
Commodities price risk
Nickel
Fixed price program 1 — 21 1 1 — 20 1
Strategic program — — — — — — 25 —
Copper
Purchased scrap protection program — — — — — — 1 —
Maritime Freight Hiring Protection Program — — — — — — 3 —
Bunker Oil Hedge 7 — 26 — — — — —
Coal — — — — — — 3 —
8 — 47 1 1 — 52 1
Derivatives designated as hedge
Strategic Nickel 301 — — — — — — 88
Foreign exchange cash flow hedge 1 — 35 — 26 — — —
302 — 35 — 26 — — 88
Total 1,122 112 87 502 138 1,239 92 103

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Parent Company
Assets Liabilites
December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Current Non-current Current Non-current Current Non-current Current Non-current
Derivatives not designated as hedge
Foreign exchange and interest rate risk
CDI & TJLP vs. US$ fixed and floating rate swap 538 96 — 283 91 876 — —
EURO floating rate vs. US$ fixed rate swap — — 1 — — — — —
Pre dollar swap 35 — — 1 — 77 — —
573 96 1 284 91 953 — —
Derivatives designated as hedge
Foreign exchange cash flow hedge 1 — 36 — 26 — — —
1 — 36 — 26 — — —
Total 574 96 37 284 117 953 — —

*b) Effects of derivatives in the statement of income*

Consolidated Parent Company
Three-month period ended (unaudited) Year ended Year ended
December 31, 2011 September 30, 2011 31 dezembro de 2010 December 31, 2011 31 dezembro de 2010 December 31, 2011 31 dezembro de 2010
Foreign exchange and interest rate risk
CDI & TJLP vs. US$ fixed and floating rate swap 30 (1,209 ) 438 (273 ) 764 (220 ) 615
EURO floating rate vs. US$ fixed rate swap — — — — (1 ) — (1 )
US$ floating rate vs. US$ fixed rate swap — — (7 ) — (25 ) — —
AUD Forward — — 1 — 5 — —
Fixed rate vs.CDI swap (1 ) 30 — 42 (1 ) — —
NDF swap — (2 ) — (2 ) 7 — —
Floating Libor vs. fixed Libor swap — — — — (3 ) — —
EuroBonds Swap (44 ) (101 ) 4 (58 ) (12 ) — —
Swap Convertibles — — — — 67 — 67
US$ fixed rate vs. CDI swap (86 ) 287 — 128 — 128 —
Randes Forward — (16 ) — (14 ) — — —
Treasury future (22 ) — — (22 ) — — —
Pre dollar swap (17 ) (35 ) 1 (41 ) 1 (45 ) 1
(140 ) (1,046 ) 437 (240 ) 802 (137 ) 682
Commodities price risk
Nickel
Fixed price program 12 15 (1 ) 69 7 — —
Strategic program — — (2 ) 25 (156 ) — —
Copper
Purchased scrap protection program — 1 — 1 (1 ) — —
Maritime Freight Hiring Protection Program — — 8 — (10 ) — —
Bunker Oil Hedge 4 — 20 60 2 — —
Coal — — (4 ) — (8 ) — —
16 16 21 155 (166 ) — —
Embedded derivatives
Energy - Aluminum options — — (12 ) (12 ) (88 ) — —
— — (12 ) (12 ) (88 ) — —
Derivatives designated as hedge
Strategic Nickel 151 24 — 93 — — —
Foreign exchange cash flow hedge 33 32 347 65 488 65 488
184 56 347 158 488 65 488
Total 60 (974 ) 793 61 1,036 (72 ) 1,170
Financial income 231 391 820 1,765 1,341 1,051 1,171
Financial (expenses) (171 ) (1,365 ) (27 ) (1,704 ) (305 ) (1,123 ) (1 )
60 (974 ) 793 61 1,036 (72 ) 1,170

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*c) Effects of derivatives as Cash Flow hedge*

(Inflows)/ Outflows
Consolidated Parent Company
Three-month period ended (unaudited) Year ended Year ended
December 31, 2011 September 30, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Derivatives not designated as hedges
Exchange risk and interest rates
CDI & TJLP vs. US$ fixed and floating rate swap (203 ) (98 ) (1,404 ) (563 ) (1,645 ) (395 ) (1,390 )
US$ floating rate vs. US$ fixed rate swap 1 1 2 7 11 — —
Euro floating rate vs. US$ fixed rate swap — (1 ) — (1 ) (1 ) (1 ) (1 )
AUD Forward — — (2 ) (4 ) (16 ) — —
Fixed rate vs.CDI swap — — 17 — 53 — —
NDF swap — — (3 ) — (6 ) — —
Floating Libor vs. fixed Libor swap — — — — 1 — —
EuroBonds Swap — 2 — 2 (2 ) — —
Swap Convertibles — — — — (67 ) — (67 )
US$ fixed rate vs. CDI swap (177 ) 49 — (128 ) — (128 ) —
Randes Forward — 13 — 13 — — —
Treasury future 12 — — 12 — — —
Pre dollar swap (1 ) — — (1 ) — — —
(368 ) (34 ) (1,390 ) (663 ) (1,672 ) (524 ) (1,458 )
Risk of product prices
Nickel
Fixed price program (29 ) (9 ) (1 ) (69 ) (13 ) — —
Strategic program — — 66 — 183 — —
Purchased scrap protection program (1 ) — — (1 ) — — —
Maritime Freight Hiring Protection Program — — (19 ) 3 (43 ) — —
Bunker Oil Hedge (21 ) (22 ) (12 ) (80 ) (61 ) — —
Aluminum — — — — 28 — —
Coal — — 3 3 4 — —
(51 ) (31 ) 37 (144 ) 98 — —
Derivatives designated as hedges
Strategic Nickel (151 ) (24 ) — (93 ) — — —
Foreign exchange cash flow hedge (33 ) (32 ) (381 ) (88 ) (566 ) (65 ) (488 )
Aluminum — — 31 12 82 — —
(184 ) (56 ) (350 ) (169 ) (484 ) (65 ) (488 )
Total (603 ) (121 ) (1,703 ) (976 ) (2,058 ) (589 ) (1,946 )
Gains (losses) unrealized derivative (543 ) (1,095 ) (909 ) (915 ) (1,022 ) (661 ) (776 )

*d) Effects of derivatives designated as hedge*

*i. Cash Flow Hedge*

The effects of cash flow hedge impact the stockholders’ equity and are presented in the following tables

Year ended
Parent company noncontrolling Consolidated
Currency Nickel Others Total stockholders Total
Fair value measurements 490 (85 ) 57 462 73 535
Reclassification to results due to realization (488 ) — — (488 ) — (488 )
Net change in 2010 2 (85 ) 57 (26 ) 73 47
Fair value measurements (46 ) 437 6 397 1 398
Reclassification to results due to realization (65 ) (93 ) — (158 ) — (158 )
Net change in 2011 (111 ) 344 6 239 1 240

The maturities dates of the consolidated financial instruments are as follows:

Maturities Dates
Currencies/Interest Rates (LIBOR) Dezembro de 2019
Bunker oil Dezembro de 2011
Nickel Dezembro de 2012
Coal Março de 2012

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*Additional information about derivatives financial instruments*

*Value at Risk computation methodology*

The Value at Risk of the positions was measured using a delta-Normal parametric approach, which considers that the future distribution of the risk factors - and its correlations - tends to present the same statistic properties verified in the historical data. The value at risk of Vale’s derivatives current positions was estimated considering one business day time horizon and a 95% confidence level.

*Contracts subjected to margin calls*

Vale has contracts subject to margin calls only for part of nickel trades executed by its wholly-owned subsidiary Vale Canada Ltd. The total cash amount as of December 31, 2011 is not relevant.

*Initial Cost of Contracts*

The financial derivatives negotiated by Vale and its controlled companies didn’t have initial costs (initial cash flow) associated.

The following tables show as of December 31, 2011, the derivatives positions for Vale and controlled companies with the following information: notional amount, fair value, value at risk, gains or losses in the period and the fair value for the remaining years of the operations per each group of instruments.

*R$/US$ Exchange Rate Adopted in Fair Value Calculation*

The derivative instruments fair values for December 31, 2011 were calculated using December 30 market data. According with accounting principles, the fair value of instruments originally negotiated in American dollar were transform in R$ values with the objective of Company’s publishing using PTAX (sell/close) published by BACEN to January 02, 2012, that is 1.8683.

*Interest Rates and Foreign Exchange Derivative Positions*

*Protection program for the Real denominated debt indexed to CDI*

· *CDI vs. US$ fixed rate swap* — In order to reduce the cash flow volatility, Vale entered into swap transactions to convert the cash flows from debt instruments denominated in Brazilian Reais linked to CDI to U.S. Dollars. In those swaps, Vale pays fixed rates in U.S. Dollars and receives payments linked to CDI.

· *CDI vs. US$ floating rate swap* — In order to reduce the cash flow volatility, Vale entered into swap transactions to convert the cash flows from debt instruments denominated in Brazilian Reais linked to CDI to U.S. Dollars. In those swaps, Vale pays floating rates in U.S. Dollars (Libor — London Interbank Offered Rate) and receives payments linked to CDI.

Those instruments were used to convert the cash flows from debentures issued in 2006 with a nominal value of R$ 5.5 billion, from the NCE (Credit Export Notes) issued in 2008 with nominal value of R$ 2 billion and also from property and services acquisition financing realized in 2006 and 2007 with nominal value of R$ 1 billion.

R$ Million
Notional ($ million) Average Fair value Realized Gain/Loss VaR Fair value by year
Flow December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 Index rate December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
CDI vs. fixed rate swap
Receivable R$ 5,542 R$ 5,542 CDI 103.03 % 5,696 5,743 635
Payable US$ 3,144 US$ 3,144 US$ + 3.87 % (6,075 ) (5,412 ) (205 )
Net (379 ) 331 430 77 252 (474 ) 29 (186 )
CDI vs. floating rate swap
Receivable R$ 428 R$ 428 CDI 103.51 % 453 453 49
Payable US$ 250 US$ 250 Libor + 0.99 % (486 ) (437 ) (7 )
Net (33 ) 16 42 6 37 31 30 (131 )

*Type of contracts:* OTC Contracts

*Protected Item:* Debts linked to R$

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The protected items are the Debts linked to R$ because the objective of this protection is to transform the obligations linked to R$ into obligations linked to US$ so as to achieve a currency offset by matching Vale’s receivables (mainly linked to US$) with Vale’s payables.

*Protection program for the real denominated debt indexed to TJLP*

· *TJLP vs. US$ fixed rate swap* — In order to reduce the cash flow volatility, Vale entered into swap transactions to convert the cash flows of the loans with Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (BNDES) from TJLP(1) to U.S. Dollars. In those swaps, Vale pays fixed rates in U.S. Dollars and receives payments linked to TJLP.

· *TJLP vs. US$ floating rate swap* — In order to reduce the cash flow volatility, Vale entered into swap transactions to convert the cash flows of the loans with BNDES from TJLP to U.S. Dollars. In those swaps, Vale pays floating rates in U.S. Dollars (Libor) and receives payments linked to TJLP.

R$ Million
Notional ($ million) Average Fair value Realized Gain/Loss VaR Fair value by year
Flow December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 Index rate December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016-2019
Swap TJLP vs. fixed rate swap
Receivable R$ 3.107 R$ 2.418 TJLP + 1.37 % 2.927 2.072 166
Payable US$ 1.611 US$ 1.228 USD + 2.65 % (2.945 ) (1.966 ) (98 )
Net (18 ) 106 68 38 197 150 (92 ) (92 ) (181 )
Swap TJLP vs. floating rate swap
Receivable R$ 774 R$ 739 TJLP + 0.96 % 695 618 15
Payable US$ 365 US$ 372 Libor + -1.14 % (578 ) (571 ) (8 )
Net 117 47 7 8 189 39 (46 ) 5 (70 )

*Type of contracts:* OTC Contracts

*Protected Item:* Debts linked to R$

The protected items are the Debts linked to R$ because the objective of this protection is to transform the obligations linked to R$ into obligations linked to US$ so as to achieve a currency offset by matching Vale’s receivables (mainly linked to US$) with Vale’s payables.

*Protection program for the Real denominated fixed rate debt*

· R$ fixed rate vs. US$ fixed rate swap : In order to hedge the cash flow volatility, Vale entered into a swap transaction to convert the cash flows from loans rate with Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (BNDES) in Brazilian Reais linked to fixed rate to U.S. Dollars linked to fixed. In those swaps, Vale pays fixed rates in U.S. Dollars and receives fixed rates in Reais.

R$ Million
Notional ($ million) Average Fair value Realized Gain/Loss VaR Fair value by year
Flow December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 Index rate December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
R$ fixed rate vs. US$ fixed rate swap
Receivable R$ 615 R$ 204 Fixed 4.64 % 517 157 10
Payable US$ 355 US$ 121 US$+ -1.20 % (560 ) (156 ) 4
Net (43 ) 1 14 7 35 23 9 (26 ) (84 )

*Type of contracts:* OTC Contracts

*Protected Item:* Debts linked to R$

The protected items are the Debts linked to R$ because the objective of this protection is to transform the obligations linked to R$ into obligations linked to US$ so as to achieve a currency offset by matching Vale’s receivables (mainly linked to US$) with Vale’s payables.

(1) Due to TJLP derivatives market liquidity constraints, some swap trades were done through CDI equivalency.

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*Foreign Exchange cash flow hedge*

· *R$ fixed rate vs. US$ fixed rate swap* — In order to reduce the cash flow volatility, Vale entered into swap transactions to mitigate the foreign exchange exposure that arises from the currency mismatch between the revenues denominated in U.S. Dollars and the disbursements and investments denominated in Brazilian Reais.

R$ millions
Fair value
Notional ($ million) Average Fair value Realized Gain/Loss VaR by year
Flow December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 Index rate December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2011 2012
Receivable R$ 820 R$ 880 Fixed 6.20 % 797 869 1,067
Payable US$ 450 US$ 510 US$+ 0.00 % (822 ) (833 ) (1,002 )
Net (25 ) 36 65 11 (25 )

*Type of contracts:* OTC Contracts

*Hedged Item:* part of Vale’s revenues in US$

The P&L shown in the table above is offset by the hedged items’ P&L due to R$/US$ exchange rate.

*Protection program for Euro denominated debt*

· *Euro floating rate vs. US$ floating rate swap* — In order to reduce the cash flow volatility, Vale entered into a swap transaction to convert the cash flows from loans in Euros linked to Euribor to U.S. Dollars linked to Libor. This trade was used to convert the cash flow of a debt in Euros, with an outstanding notional amount of € 1 million, issued in 2003 by Vale. In this trade, Vale received floating rates in Euros (Euribor) and paid floating rates in U.S. Dollars (Libor).

R$ millions
Fair value
Notional ($ million) Average Fair value Realized Gain/Loss VaR by year
Flow December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 Index rate December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2011 2012
Receivable — € 2 — 5.3 6
Payable — US$ 3 — (4.5 ) (5 )
Net — 0.8 1 — —

*Type of contracts:* OTC Contracts

*Protected Item:* Vale’s Debt linked to EUR.

The P&L shown in the table above was offset by the hedged items’ P&L due to EUR/US$ exchange rate.

· *EUR fixed rate vs. US$ fixed rate swap* : In order to hedge the cash flow volatility, Vale entered into a swap transaction to convert the cash flows from loans in Euros linked to fixed rate to U.S. Dollars linked to fixed rate. Vale receives fixed rates in Euros and pays fixed rates in U.S. Dollars. This trade was used to convert the cash flow of a debt in Euros, with an outstanding notional amount of € 750 million, issued in 2010 by Vale.

R$ million
Notional ($ million) Fair value Realized Gain/Loss VaR Fair value by year
Flow December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 Index Average rate December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2011 2012 2013 2014
Receivable € 500 € 500 EUR 4.375 % 1,350 1,267 49
Payable US$ 675 US$ 675 US$ 4.712 % (1,418 ) (1,281 ) (51 )
Net (68 ) (14 ) (2 ) 16 (7 ) (8 ) (53 )

*Type of contracts:* OTC Contracts

*Protected Item:* Vale’s Debt linked to EUR

The P&L shown in the table above is offset by the hedged items’ P&L due to EUR/US$ exchange rate.

*Protection program for US$ floating rate debt*

· *US$ floating rate vs. US$ fixed rate swap* — In order to reduce the cash flow volatility, Vale Canada Ltd., Vale’s wholly-owned subsidiary, entered into a swap to convert U.S. Dollar floating rate debt into U.S Dollar fixed rate debt. Vale Canada used this instrument to convert the cash flow of a debt issued in 2004 with notional amount of US$ 200 million. In this trade, Vale paid fixed rates in U.S. Dollars and received floating rates in U.S. Dollars (Libor).

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R$ million
Fair value
Notional ($ million) Fair value Realized Gain/Loss VaR by year
Flow December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 Index Average rate December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2011 2012
Receivable US$ 0 US$ 100 Libor + 0.00 % — 167 0
Payable US$ 4.795 % — (173 ) (7 )
Net — (6 ) (7 ) — —

*Type of contracts:* OTC Contracts

*Protected Item:* Vale Canada’s floating rate debt.

The P&L shown in the table above was offset by the protected items’ P&L due to Libor.

*Protection program for interest rate*

· Treasury Future — Vale entered into a treasury 10 year forward transaction (buyer) on the last quarter of 2011 with the objective of partial protection into debt cost indexed to this rate.

R$ million
Average Fair value
Notional ($ million) rate Fair value Realized Gain/Loss VaR by year
Flow December 31, 2011 Dcember 31, 2010 Buy/ Sell % p.a. December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2011 2012
Forwards US$ 900 — B 1.9423 (10 ) — (12 ) 0.3 (10 )

*Type of contracts:* OTC Contracts

*Protected Item:* part of debt emission costs

The P&L shown in the table above was partially offset by emission cost increase/reduction due to treasury variations.

*Foreign Exchange protection program for Coal Fixed Price Sales*

In order to reduce the cash flow volatility associated with a fixed price coal contract, Vale used Australian Dollar forward purchase in order to equalize production cost and revenues currencies.

R$ million
Average Fair value
Notional ($ million) rate Fair value Realized Gain/Loss VaR by year
Fluxo December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 Buy/ Sell (AUD/US$) December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2011 2012
Forward — AUD 7 B — — 4 4 — —

*Type of contracts:* OTC Contracts

*Protected Item:* part of Vale’s costs in Australian Dollar.

The P&L shown in the table above was offset by the protected items’ P&L due to US$/AUD exchange rate.

*Protection program for remuneration exposure*

In order to monetize part of cash investments in Brazilian Reais with U.S. Dollar rewards in the Brazilian market, Vale entered into a swap transaction to convert profitability in Brazilian Reais cash investments in CDI to a U.S. Dollar fixed rate. In these operations, Vale received U.S. Dollars fixed rates and paid profitability linked to CDI. This program ended in December 2011 with a realized gain of R$128 million.

*Foreign Exchange protection program for Vale´s bid offer for assets in the African copperbelt*

In order to reduce volatility from the U.S. Dollar offer concerning the payment in South African Rands for Vale´s bid offer for assets in the African copper belt, Vale used a South African Rands forward purchase on April 2011. On July 2011, Vale announced that it has agreed to the request by Metorex Limited (Metorex) to terminate the agreement in relation to the previously announced offer to acquire the total share capital of Metorex. On account of this, the transactions relative to this program were settled on July 2011, with a negative result of R$14 million.

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*Foreign Exchange protection program for cash flow*

In order to hedge the cash flow volatility, Vale entered into a swap transaction to convert part of the cash flow linked to R$ to fixed rate to U.S. Dollars. In those swaps, Vale paid fixed rates in U.S. Dollars and received fixed rates in Reais. This program ended in December 2011 with a realized gain of R$0.5 million.

*Commodity Derivative Positions*

The Company’s cash flow is also exposed to several market risks associated to global commodities price volatilities. To offset these volatilities, Vale contracted the following derivatives transactions:

*Nickel Sales Hedging Program*

In order to reduce the cash flow volatility in 2011 and 2012, hedging transactions were implemented. These transactions fixed the prices of part of the sales in the period.

Notional (ton) Average Strike Fair value Realized Gain/Loss VaR R$ million — Fair value by year
Flow December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 Buy/ Sell (US$/ton) December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2011 2012
Forward 19,998 18,750 S 25,027 234 (87 ) 185 19 234

*Type of contracts:* OTC Contracts

*Protected Item:* part of Vale’s revenues linked to Nickel price.

The P&L shown in the table above is offset by the protected items’ P&L due to Nickel price .

*Nickel Fixed Price Program*

In order to maintain the exposure to Nickel price fluctuations, we entered into derivatives to convert to floating prices all contracts with clients that required a fixed price. These trades aim to guarantee that the prices of these operations would be the same of the average prices negotiated in LME in the date the product is delivered to the client. It normally involves buying Nickel forwards (Over-the-Counter) or futures (exchange negotiated). Those operations are usually reverted before the maturity in order to match the settlement dates of the commercial contracts in which the prices are fixed. Whenever the ‘Nickel Sales Hedging Program’ is executed, the ‘Nickel Fixed Price Program’ is interrupted.

Notional (ton) Average Strike Fair value Realized Gain/Loss VaR R$ million — Fair value by year
Flow December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 Buy/ Sell (US$/ton) December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2011 2012
Nickel Futures 162 2,172 B 21,346 (0.7 ) 22 24 0.1 (0.7 )

*Type of contracts:* LME Contracts

*Protected Item:* part of Vale’s revenues linked to fixed price sales of Nickel.

The P&L shown in the table above is offset by the protected items’ P&L due to Nickel price.

*Nickel Purchase Protection Program*

In order to reduce the cash flow volatility and eliminate the mismatch between the pricing of the purchased nickel (concentrate, cathode, sinter and others) and the pricing of the final product sold to our clients, hedging transactions were implemented. The items purchased are raw materials utilized to produce refined Nickel. The trades are usually implemented by the sale of nickel forward or future contracts at LME or over-the-counter operations.

Notional (ton) Average Strike Fair value Realized Gain/Loss VaR R$ million — Fair value by year
Flow December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 Buy/ Sell (US$/ton) December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2011 2012
Nickel Futures 228 108 S 18,744 0 (0.3 ) 34 0.2 0

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*Type of contracts:* LME Contracts

*Protected Item:* part of Vale’s revenues linked to Nickel price.

The P&L shown in the table above is offset by the protected items’ P&L due to Nickel price.

*Bunker Oil Purchase Protection Program*

In order to reduce the impact of bunker oil price fluctuation on Vale’s freight hiring and consequently reducing the company’s cash flow volatility, bunker oil derivatives were implemented. These transactions were executed through forward purchases and swaps.

Notional (ton) Average Strike Fair value Realized Gain/Loss VaR R$ million — Fair value by year
Flow December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 Buy/ Sell (US$/mt) December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2011 2012
Forward — 240,000 B — — 19 82 — —

*Type of contracts:* OTC Contracts

*Protected Item:* part of Vale’s costs linked to Bunker Oil price.

The P&L shown in the table above was offset by the protected items’ P&L due to Bunker Oil price.

*Copper Scrap Purchase Protection Program*

This program was implemented in order to reduce the cash flow volatility due to the quotation period mismatch between the pricing period of copper scrap purchase and the pricing period of final products sale to the clients, as the copper scrap combined with other raw materials or inputs of Vale’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Vale Canada Ltd, to produce copper. This program usually is implemented by the sale of forwards or futures at LME or Over-the-Counter operations.

Notional (lbs) Average Strike Fair value Realized Gain/Loss VaR R$ million — Fair value by year
Flow December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 Buy/ Sell (US$/lbs) December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2011 2012
Forward 892,869 386,675 S 3.53 0.2 (0.5 ) 0.6 0.2 0.2

*Type of contracts:* OTC Contracts

*Protected Item:* of Vale’s revenues linked to Copper price.

The P&L shown in the table above is offset by the protected items’ P&L due to Coal price

*Embedded Derivative Positions*

The Company’s cash flow is also exposed to several market risks associated to contracts that contain embedded derivatives or derivative-like features. From Vale’s perspective, it may include, but is not limited to, commercial contracts, procurement contracts, rental contracts, bonds, insurance policies and loans. The following embedded derivatives were observed in 2011:

*Raw material and intermediate products purchase*

Nickel concentrate and raw materials purchase agreements, in which there are provisions based on nickel and copper future prices behavior. These provisions are considered as embedded derivatives.

R$ million
Notional (ton) Average Strike Fair value Realized Gain/Loss VaR Fair value by year
Flow December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 Buy/ Sell (US$/ton) December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2011 2012
Nickel Forwards 1,951 1,960 S 18,337 (0.7 ) (2 ) (7 ) (0.7 )
Copper Forwards 6,653 6,389 7,495 0.9 (5 ) (4 ) 0.9
Total 0.2 (7 ) (11 ) 3 0.2

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*Derivative Positions from jointly controlled companies*

Below we present the fair values of the derivatives from jointly controlled companies. These instruments are managed under the risk policies of each company. However the effects of mark-to-market are recognized in financial statements to the extent of participation of each of these companies.

*Protection program*

In order to reduce the cash flow volatility, swap transactions was contracted to convert into Reais the cash flows from debt instruments denominated in US Dollars. In this swap, fixed rates in U.S. Dollars are received and payments linked to Reais (CDI index) are made.

R$ million
Notional ($ million) Average Fair Value VaR
Flow December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 Index rate December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011
Swap fixed rate vs. CDI
Receivable US$ 103 US$ 89 US$ 3.23 % 196 152
Payable R$ 179 R$ 170 CDI 102.33 % (189 ) (186 )
Net 7 (34 ) 3

*Type of contracts:* OTC Contracts

*Protected Item:* Debts indexed to US$

The P&L shown in the table above is offset by the protected items’ P&L due to R$/US$ exchange rate.

*a) Market Curves*

To build the curves used on the pricing of the derivatives, public data from BM&F, Central Bank of Brazil, London Metals Exchange (LME) and proprietary data from Thomson Reuters and Bloomberg were used. The derivatives prices for December 31, 2011 were calculated using December 30 market data inasmuch December 31 is not considered work day for these instruments and do not present available market data.

*1. Commodities*

*Nickel*

Maturity Price (US$/ton) Maturity Price (US$/ton) Maturity Price (US$/ton)
SPOT 18,280.00 JUN12 18,737.65 DEC12 18,757.67
JAN12 18,714.01 JUL12 18,745.05 DEC13 18,770.45
FEB12 18,705.91 AGU12 18,748.12 DEC14 18,717.03
MAR12 18,715.85 SEP12 18,749.02 DEC15 18,562.97
APR12 18,720.98 OCT12 18,749.58 DEC16 18,562.97
MAY12 18,729.66 NOV12 18,749.41 DEC17 18,562.97

*Copper*

Maturity Price (US$/lb) Maturity Price (US$/lb) Maturity Price (US$/lb)
SPOT 3.43 JUN12 3.45 DEC12 3.46
JAN12 3.45 JUL12 3.45 DEC13 3.43
FEB12 3.45 AGU12 3.46 DEC14 3.40
MAR12 3.45 SEP12 3.46 DEC15 3.35
APR12 3.45 OCT12 3.46 DEC16 3.32
MAY12 3.45 NOV12 3.46 DEC17 3.28

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*2. Rates*

*US$-Brazil Interest Rate*

Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.)
02/01/12 2.33 04/01/14 3.22 10/03/16 4.11
03/01/12 2.30 07/01/14 3.28 01/02/17 4.19
04/02/12 2.41 10/01/14 3.44 04/03/17 4.26
07/02/12 2.58 01/02/15 3.57 07/03/17 4.32
10/01/12 2.70 04/01/15 3.63 10/02/17 4.45
01/02/13 2.83 07/01/15 3.73 01/02/18 4.57
04/01/13 2.92 10/01/15 3.76 01/02/19 4.98
07/01/13 3.05 01/04/16 3.81 01/02/20 5.08
10/01/13 3.09 04/01/16 3.92 01/04/21 5.28
01/02/14 3.12 07/01/16 4.01 01/03/22 5.47

*US$ Interest Rate*

Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.)
US$1M 0.30 US$6M 0.80 US$11M 1.07
US$2M 0.43 US$7M 0.86 US$12M 1.13
US$3M 0.58 US$8M 0.92 US$2Y 0.73
US$4M 0.66 US$9M 0.96 US$3Y 0.84
US$5M 0.73 US$10M 1.02 US$4Y 1.04

*TJLP*

Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.)
02/01/12 6.00 04/01/14 6.00 10/03/16 6.00
03/01/12 6.00 07/01/14 6.00 01/02/17 6.00
04/02/12 6.00 10/01/14 6.00 04/03/17 6.00
07/02/12 6.00 01/02/15 6.00 07/03/17 6.00
10/01/12 6.00 04/01/15 6.00 10/02/17 6.00
01/02/13 6.00 07/01/15 6.00 01/02/18 6.00
04/01/13 6.00 10/01/15 6.00 01/02/19 6.00
07/01/13 6.00 01/04/16 6.00 01/02/20 6.00
10/01/13 6.00 04/01/16 6.00 01/04/21 6.00
01/02/14 6.00 07/01/16 6.00 01/03/22 6.00

*BRL Interest Rate*

Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.) Maturity Rate (% p.a.)
01/02/12 10.79 01/02/14 10.48 07/01/16 10.93
02/01/12 10.68 04/01/14 10.58 10/03/16 10.94
03/01/12 10.54 07/01/14 10.67 01/02/17 10.98
04/02/12 10.40 10/01/14 10.70 04/03/17 11.01
07/02/12 10.14 01/02/15 10.75 07/03/17 11.03
10/01/12 10.04 04/01/15 10.76 10/02/17 11.05
01/02/13 10.04 07/01/15 10.77 01/02/18 11.05
04/01/13 10.11 10/01/15 10.84 04/02/18 11.05
07/01/13 10.26 01/04/16 10.92 07/02/18 11.05
10/01/13 10.39 04/01/16 10.90 01/02/19 11.05

*EUR Interest Rate*

Maturity EUR/US$ Maturity EUR/US$ Maturity EUR/US$
EUR1M 0.97 EUR6M 1.56 EUR11M 1.86
EUR2M 1.11 EUR7M 1.63 EUR12M 1.91
EUR3M 1.29 EUR8M 1.70 EUR2Y 0.66
EUR4M 1.38 EUR9M 1.75 EUR3Y 0.68
EUR5M 1.48 EUR10M 1.81 EUR4Y 0.77

*Currencies - Ending rates*

CAD/US$ 1.0195 US$/BRL 1.8758 EUR/US$ 1.2960

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*Sensitivity Analysis on Derivatives from Parent Company*

We present below the sensitivity analysis for all derivatives outstanding positions as of December 31, 2011 given predefined scenarios for market risk factors behavior. The scenarios were defined as follows:

· Fair Value: the fair value of the instruments as at December 30 th , 2011;

· Scenario I: unfavorable change of 25% - Potential losses considering a shock of 25% in the market risk factors used for MtM calculation that negatively impacts the fair value of Vale’s derivatives positions;

· Scenario II: favorable change of 25% - Potential profits considering a shock of 25% in the market curves used for MtM calculation that positively impacts the fair value of Vale’s derivatives positions;

· Scenario III: unfavorable change of 50% - Potential losses considering a shock of 50% in the market curves used for MtM calculation that negatively impacts the fair value of Vale’s derivatives positions

· Scenario IV: favorable change of 50% - Potential profits considering a shock of 50% in the market curves used for MtM calculation that positively impacts the fair value of Vale’s derivatives positions;

Sensitivity analysis - Foreign Exchange and Interest Rate Derivative Positions Amounts in R$ million

Program Instrument Risk Fair Value Scenario I Scenario II Scenario III Scenario IV
Protection program for the CDI vs. USD fixed rate swap USD/BRL fluctuation (1.517 ) 1.517 (3.035 ) 3.035
Real denominated debt USD interest rate inside Brazil (62 ) 60 (126 ) 118
indexed to CDI Brazilian interest rate fluctuation (379 ) (1 ) 1 (3 ) 2
USD Libor variation (4 ) 4 (8 ) 8
CDI vs. USD floating rate swap USD/BRL fluctuation (121 ) 121 (242 ) 242
Brazilian interest rate fluctuation (33 ) (1 ) 1 (2 ) 2
USD Libor variation 0 0 0 0
Protected Items - Real denominated debt USD/BRL fluctuation n.a. — — — —
Protection program for the TJLP vs. USD fixed rate swap USD/BRL fluctuation (736 ) 736 (1.472 ) 1.472
Real denominated debt USD interest rate inside Brazil (62 ) 58 (129 ) 113
indexed to TJLP Brazilian interest rate fluctuation (18 ) (139 ) 155 (265 ) 329
TJLP interest rate fluctuation (90 ) 88 (182 ) 179
TJLP vs. USD floating rate swap USD/BRL fluctuation (144 ) 144 (289 ) 289
USD interest rate inside Brazil (24 ) 22 (51 ) 41
Brazilian interest rate fluctuation 117 (48 ) 56 (90 ) 121
TJLP interest rate fluctuation (33 ) 31 (66 ) 64
USD Libor variation (10 ) 10 (20 ) 20
Protected Items - Real denominated debt USD/BRL fluctuation n.a. — — — —
Protection program for the BRL fixed rate vs. USD USD/BRL fluctuation (140 ) 140 (280 ) 280
Real denominated fixed rate USD interest rate inside Brazil (43 ) (17 ) 16 (36 ) 31
debt Brazilian interest rate fluctuation (37 ) 42 (70 ) 88
Protected Items - Real denominated debt USD/BRL fluctuation n.a. — — — —
Foreign Exchange cash flow BRL fixed rate vs. USD USD/BRL fluctuation (206 ) 206 (411 ) 411
hedge USD interest rate inside Brazil (25 ) (5 ) 5 (11 ) 10
Brazilian interest rate fluctuation (16 ) 17 (32 ) 35
Hedged Items - Part of Revenues denominated in USD USD/BRL fluctuation n.a. 206 (206 ) 411 (411 )
Protection Program for the EUR fixed rate vs. USD fixed rate swap USD/BRL fluctuation (17 ) 17 (34 ) 34
Euro denominated debt EUR/USD fluctuation (337 ) 337 (675 ) 675
EUR Libor variation (68 ) (5 ) 5 (10 ) 10
USD Libor variation (6 ) 6 (12 ) 11
Protected Items - Euro denominated debt EUR/USD fluctuation n.a. 337 (337 ) 675 (675 )
Protection Program Interest Treasury Future USD/BRL fluctuation (2 ) 2 (5 ) 5
Rate (Tresury 10y) Treasury variation (10 ) (71 ) 71 (142 ) 142
Protected Items - Debt indexed to treasury 10y cost USD/BRL fluctuation n.a. 2 (2 ) 5 (5 )

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Sensitivity analysis - Foreign Exchange and Interest Rate Derivative Positions Amounts in R$ million

Program Instrument Risk Fair Value Scenario I Scenario II Scenario III Scenario IV
Protection program for the CDI vs. USD fixed rate swap USD/BRL fluctuation (1.517 ) 1.517 (3.035 ) 3.035
Real denominated debt USD interest rate inside Brazil (62 ) 60 (126 ) 118
indexed to CDI Brazilian interest rate fluctuation (379 ) (1 ) 1 (3 ) 2
USD Libor variation (4 ) 4 (8 ) 8
CDI vs. USD floating rate swap USD/BRL fluctuation (121 ) 121 (242 ) 242
Brazilian interest rate fluctuation (33 ) (1 ) 1 (2 ) 2
USD Libor variation 0 0 0 0
Protected Items - Real denominated debt USD/BRL fluctuation n.a. — — — —
Protection program for the TJLP vs. USD fixed rate swap USD/BRL fluctuation (736 ) 736 (1.472 ) 1.472
Real denominated debt USD interest rate inside Brazil (62 ) 58 (129 ) 113
indexed to TJLP Brazilian interest rate fluctuation (18 ) (139 ) 155 (265 ) 329
TJLP interest rate fluctuation (90 ) 88 (182 ) 179
TJLP vs. USD floating rate swap USD/BRL fluctuation (144 ) 144 (289 ) 289
USD interest rate inside Brazil (24 ) 22 (51 ) 41
Brazilian interest rate fluctuation 117 (48 ) 56 (90 ) 121
TJLP interest rate fluctuation (33 ) 31 (66 ) 64
USD Libor variation (10 ) 10 (20 ) 20
Protected Items - Real denominated debt USD/BRL fluctuation n.a. — — — —
Protection program for the BRL fixed rate vs. USD USD/BRL fluctuation (140 ) 140 (280 ) 280
Real denominated fixed rate USD interest rate inside Brazil (43 ) (17 ) 16 (36 ) 31
debt Brazilian interest rate fluctuation (37 ) 42 (70 ) 88
Protected Items - Real denominated debt USD/BRL fluctuation n.a. — — — —
Foreign Exchange cash flow BRL fixed rate vs. USD USD/BRL fluctuation (206 ) 206 (411 ) 411
hedge USD interest rate inside Brazil (25 ) (5 ) 5 (11 ) 10
Brazilian interest rate fluctuation (16 ) 17 (32 ) 35
Hedged Items - Part of Revenues denominated in USD USD/BRL fluctuation n.a. 206 (206 ) 411 (411 )
Protection Program for the EUR fixed rate vs. USD fixed rate swap USD/BRL fluctuation (17 ) 17 (34 ) 34
Euro denominated debt EUR/USD fluctuation (337 ) 337 (675 ) 675
EUR Libor variation (68 ) (5 ) 5 (10 ) 10
USD Libor variation (6 ) 6 (12 ) 11
Protected Items - Euro denominated debt EUR/USD fluctuation n.a. 337 (337 ) 675 (675 )
Protection Program Interest Treasury Future USD/BRL fluctuation (2 ) 2 (5 ) 5
Rate (Tresury 10y) Treasury variation (10 ) (71 ) 71 (142 ) 142
Protected Items - Debt indexed to treasury 10y cost USD/BRL fluctuation n.a. 2 (2 ) 5 (5 )

Sensitivity analysis - Commodity Derivative Positions Amounts in R$ million

Program Instrument Risk Fair Value Scenario I Scenario II Scenario III Scenario IV
Nickel sales hedging program Sale of nickel future/forward contracts Nickel price fluctuation (174 ) 174 (348 ) 348
Libor USD fluctuation 234 (1 ) 1 (2 ) 2
USD/BRL fluctuation (59 ) 59 (117 ) 117
Hedged Item: Part of Vale’s revenues linked to Nickel price Nickel price fluctuation n.a. 174 (174 ) 348 (348 )
Nickel fixed price program Purchase of nickel future/forward contracts Nickel price fluctuation (1 ) 1 (3 ) 3
Libor USD fluctuation (0,7 ) (0 ) 0 (0 ) 0
USD/BRL fluctuation 0 0 0 0
Protected Item: Part of Vale’s nickel revenues from sales with fixed prices Nickel price fluctuation n.a. 1 (1 ) 3 (3 )
Nickel price fluctuation (2 ) 2 (4 ) 4
Nickel purchase protection program Sale of nickel future/forward contracts Libor USD fluctuation 0 0 0 0 0
USD/BRL fluctuation 0 0 0 0
Protected Item: Part of Vale’s revenues linked to Nickel price Nickel price fluctuation n.a. 2 (2 ) 4 (4 )
Copper price fluctuation (1 ) 1 (3 ) 3
Copper Scrap Purchase Protection Program Sale of copper future/forward contracts Libor USD fluctuation 0,2 (0 ) 0 (0 ) 0
BRL/USD fluctuation 0 0 (0,1 ) 0,1
Protected Item: Part of Vale’s revenues linked to Copper price Copper price fluctuation n.a. 1 (1 ) 3 (3 )

Sensitivity analysis - Embedded Derivative Positions Amounts in R$ million

Program Instrument Risk Fair Value Scenario I Scenario II Scenario III Scenario IV
Embedded derivatives - Raw material purchase (Nickel) Embedded derivatives - Raw material purchase Nickel price fluctuation (11 ) 11 (21 ) 21
BRL/USD fluctuation (1 ) (0,1 ) 0,1 (0,3 ) 0,3
Embedded derivatives - Raw material purchase (Copper) Embedded derivatives - Raw material purchase Copper price fluctuation (16 ) 16 (33 ) 33
BRL/USD fluctuation 1 (0,2 ) 0,2 (0,5 ) 0,5

*Sensitivity Analysis on Derivatives from jointly controlled companies*

Amounts in R$ million

Program Instrument Risk Fair Value Scenario I Scenario II Scenario III Scenario IV
Protection program CDI vs. USD fixed rate swap USD/BRL fluctuation (49 ) 49 (98 ) 98
USD interest rate inside Brazil 7 (2,8 ) 3,0 (5 ) 6
Brazilian interest rate fluctuation (0,3 ) 0,4 (0,6 ) 0,8
Protected Item - Debt indexed to USD USD/BRL fluctuation n.a. 49 (49 ) 98 (98 )

*Sensitivity Analysis on Debt and Cash Investments*

The Company’s funding and cash investments linked to currencies different from Brazilian Reais are subjected to volatility of foreign exchange currencies, such as US$/R$.

Amounts in R$ million

Program Instrument Risk Scenario I Scenario II Scenario III Scenario IV
Funding Debt denominated in BRL No fluctuation — — — —
Funding Debt denominated in USD USD/BRL fluctuation (6.984 ) 6.984 (13.968 ) 13.968
Cash Investments Cash denominated in BRL No fluctuation — — — —
Cash Investments Cash denominated in USD USD/BRL fluctuation (485 ) 485 (969 ) 969

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*Financial counterparties ratings*

Derivatives transactions are executed with financial institutions that we consider to have a very good credit quality. The exposure limits to financial institutions are proposed annually by the Executive Risk Committee and approved by the Executive Board. The financial institutions credit risk tracking is performed making use of a credit risk valuation methodology which considers, among other information, published ratings provided by international rating agencies. In the table below, we present the ratings in foreign currency published by Moody’s and S&P agencies for the financial institutions that we had outstanding trades as of December 31, 2011.

Vale’s Counterparty Moody’s* S&P*
Banco Santander Aa3 AA-
Itau Unibanco* A2 BBB
HSBC A1 AA-
JP Morgan Chase & Co A1 A
Banco Bradesco* A1 BBB
Banco do Brasil* A2 BBB
Banco Votorantim* A3 BBB-
Credit Agricole Aa3 A+
Standard Bank A3 A
Deutsche Bank A3 A+
BNP Paribas Aa3 AA-
Citigroup Baa1 A-
Banco Safra* Baa1 BBB-
ANZ Australia and New Zealand Banking Aa3 AA-
Banco Amazônia SA - -
Societe Generale A1 A+
Bank of Nova Scotia Aa2 AA-
Natixis A1 A+
Royal Bank of Canada Aa2 AA-
China Construction Bank A1 A
Goldman Sachs A2 A-
Bank of China A1 A
Barclays Baa2 A
BBVA Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria Aa3 A+
  • For brazilian Banks we used local long term deposit rating

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*25. Information by Business Segment and Consolidated Revenues by Geographic Area*

The information presented to the Executive Board with the respective performance of each segment are usually derived from the accounting records maintained in accordance with the best accounting practices, with some reallocation between segments.

*a) Results by segment*

Consolidated
Three-month period ended (unaudited)
December 31, 2011
Bulk Materials Basic Metals Fertilizers Logistic Others Total
Results
Net revenue 20,137 4,243 1,442 809 507 27,138
Cost and expenses (7,462 ) (3,237 ) (1,158 ) (805 ) (750 ) (13,412 )
Depreciation, depletion and amortization (968 ) (874 ) (149 ) (109 ) (14 ) (2,114 )
11,707 132 135 (105 ) (257 ) 11,612
Financial results (1,306 ) 103 (2 ) (45 ) 99 (1,151 )
Equity results from associates 26 169 — (8 ) (366 ) (179 )
Income tax and social contribution (1,615 ) (73 ) (79 ) (29 ) (317 ) (2,113 )
Net income of the period 8,812 331 54 (187 ) (841 ) 8,169
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests (2 ) (94 ) 7 — (96 ) (185 )
Income attributable to the company’s stockholders 8,814 425 47 (187 ) (745 ) 8,354
Sales classified by geographic area:
America, except United States 590 672 — — 21 1,283
United States of America 84 540 — — 296 920
Europe 3,312 1,311 80 — 31 4,734
Middle East/Africa/Oceania 1,112 77 — — 1 1,190
Japan 3,117 526 — — 4 3,647
China 7,976 557 — — 31 8,564
Asia, except Japan and China 2,453 458 39 — — 2,950
Brazil 1,493 102 1,323 809 123 3,850
Net revenue 20,137 4,243 1,442 809 507 27,138
Assets in december 31, 2011
Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets 74,717 67,142 18,769 12,575 4,654 177,857
Investments 579 6,329 39 212 3,758 10,917
Consolidated
Three-month period ended (unaudited)
September 30, 2011
Bulk Materials Basic Metals Fertilizers Logistic Others Total
Results
Net revenue 21,275 3,734 1,598 872 530 28,009
Cost and expenses (6,048 ) (2,867 ) (1,267 ) (708 ) (1,009 ) (11,899 )
Depreciation, depletion and amortization (688 ) (617 ) (211 ) (132 ) (18 ) (1,666 )
14,539 250 120 32 (497 ) 14,444
Financial results (5,897 ) (37 ) (132 ) 22 (85 ) (6,129 )
Equity results from associates 37 — — — (9 ) 28
Income tax and social contribution (270 ) (170 ) (17 ) (35 ) (1 ) (493 )
Net income of the period 8,409 43 (29 ) 19 (592 ) 7,850
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests (3 ) 15 33 (88 ) (43 )
Income attributable to the company’s stockholders 8,412 28 (62 ) 19 (504 ) 7,893
Sales classified by geographic area:
America, except United States 723 467 40 — 18 1,248
United States of America 76 665 — — 305 1,046
Europe 4,372 902 77 — 23 5,374
Middle East/Africa/Oceania 940 56 — — — 996
Japan 2,817 452 — — 4 3,273
China 9,383 443 — — 70 9,896
Asia, except Japan and China 1,287 715 — — — 2,002
Brazil 1,677 34 1,481 872 110 4,174
Net revenue 21,275 3,734 1,598 872 530 28,009
Assets in september 30, 2011
Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets 69,178 63,581 18,189 10,202 5,703 166,853
Investments 666 6,929 38 220 2,957 10,810

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Consolidated
Three-month period ended (unaudited)
December 31, 2010
Bulk Materials Basic Metals Fertilizers Logistic Others Total
Results
Net revenue 18,930 5,140 1,248 622 553 26,493
Cost and expenses (5,865 ) (3,775 ) (1,173 ) (526 ) (518 ) (11,857 )
Depreciation, depletion and amortization (674 ) (806 ) (248 ) (40 ) (26 ) (1,794 )
12,391 559 (173 ) 56 9 12,842
Financial results (396 ) (103 ) 7 59 (42 ) (475 )
Equity results from associates 108 (22 ) — 6 (128 ) (36 )
Income tax and social contribution (2,315 ) 210 (2 ) (22 ) 9 (2,120 )
Net income of the period 9,788 644 (168 ) 99 (152 ) 10,211
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests 5 237 (39 ) — 6 209
Income attributable to the company’s stockholders 9,783 407 (129 ) 99 (158 ) 10,002
Sales classified by geographic area:
America, except United States 577 808 35 — 7 1,427
United States of America 57 519 — — 197 773
Europe 3,353 1,363 6 — 22 4,744
Middle East/Africa/Oceania 1,101 148 19 — — 1,268
Japan 2,141 713 — — 4 2,858
China 8,635 646 — — 37 9,318
Asia, except Japan and China 1,528 818 14 3 10 2,373
Brazil 1,538 125 1,174 619 276 3,732
Net revenue 18,930 5,140 1,248 622 553 26,493
Assets in december 31, 2010
Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets 56,150 58,166 17,056 7,050 9,939 148,361
Investments 480 18 — 224 3,223 3,945
Consolidated
Year ended
December 31, 2011
Bulk Materials Basic Metals Fertilizers Logistic Others Total
Results
Net revenue 76,405 16,101 5,552 3,120 2,017 103,195
Cost and expenses (23,521 ) (11,346 ) (4,418 ) (2,716 ) (3,615 ) (45,616 )
Gain on assets held for sale — 2,492 — — — 2,492
Depreciation, depletion and amortization (3,006 ) (2,649 ) (769 ) (451 ) (57 ) (6,932 )
49,878 4,598 365 (47 ) (1,655 ) 53,139
Financial results (6,307 ) (1 ) (99 ) (110 ) (106 ) (6,623 )
Equity results from associates 117 172 — (12 ) (328 ) (51 )
Income tax and social contribution (7,119 ) (1,305 ) (175 ) (125 ) (341 ) (9,065 )
Net income of the period 36,569 3,464 91 (294 ) (2,430 ) 37,400
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests (12 ) (157 ) 8 — (253 ) (414 )
Income attributable to the company’s stockholders 36,581 3,621 83 (294 ) (2,177 ) 37,814
Sales classified by geographic area:
America, except United States 2,461 2,328 72 — 37 4,898
United States of America 181 2,628 1 — 1,224 4,034
Europe 15,183 4,134 255 — 102 19,674
Middle East/Africa/Oceania 3,695 251 1 — 2 3,949
Japan 10,283 2,081 — — 13 12,377
China 31,196 2,071 — — 165 33,432
Asia, except Japan and China 6,773 2,312 64 — — 9,149
Brazil 6,633 296 5,159 3,120 474 15,682
Net revenue 76,405 16,101 5,552 3,120 2,017 103,195
Assets in december 31, 2011
Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets 74,717 67,142 18,769 12,575 4,654 177,857
Investments 579 6,329 39 212 3,758 10,917

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Consolidated
Year ended
December 31, 2010
Bulk Materials Basic Metals Fertilizers Logistic Others Total
Results
Net revenue 61,428 14,379 3,013 2,772 1,633 83,225
Cost and expenses (19,503 ) (10,983 ) (2,841 ) (1,964 ) (1,703 ) (36,994 )
Depreciation, depletion and amortization (2,605 ) (2,436 ) (374 ) (271 ) (55 ) (5,741 )
39,320 960 (202 ) 537 (125 ) 40,490
Financial results (2,542 ) (168 ) 36 32 (121 ) (2,763 )
Equity results from associates 113 (2 ) — 6 (165 ) (48 )
Income tax and social contribution (7,419 ) 430 (5 ) (77 ) 36 (7,035 )
Income from continuing operations 29,472 1,220 (171 ) 498 (375 ) 30,644
Results on discontinued operations — (222 ) — — — (222 )
Net income of the period 29,472 998 (171 ) 498 (375 ) 30,422
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests 40 347 (39 ) — 4 352
Income attributable to the company’s stockholders 29,432 651 (132 ) 498 (379 ) 30,070
Sales classified by geographic area:
America, except United States 1,823 2,080 54 — 7 3,964
United States of America 142 1,316 — — 975 2,433
Europe 12,487 3,647 6 19 77 16,236
Middle East/Africa/Oceania 3,483 379 19 — — 3,881
Japan 6,882 2,402 — — 19 9,303
China 25,929 1,612 — — 41 27,582
Asia, except Japan and China 5,072 2,527 14 14 12 7,639
Brazil 5,610 416 2,920 2,739 502 12,187
Net revenue 61,428 14,379 3,013 2,772 1,633 83,225
Assets in december 31, 2010
Property, equipment and intangible 56,150 58,166 17,056 7,050 9,939 148,361
Investments 480 18 — 224 3,223 3,945

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*26. Cost of Goods Sold and Services Rendered, and Sales and Administrative Expenses by Nature, Other Operational Expenses (incomes), net*

The costs of goods sold and services rendered are as follows:

Consolidated Parent Company
Three-month period ended (unaudited) Year ended Year ended
December 31, 2011 September 30, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Cost of goods sold and services rendered
Personnel 1,705 1,411 1,258 5,587 3,921 2,513 2,029
Material 1,939 2,013 1,665 7,653 6,071 3,181 2,959
Fuel oil and gas 1,020 989 897 3,857 3,615 1,964 1,597
Outsourcing services 1,834 1,888 1,410 6,860 4,641 4,257 3,720
Energy 382 403 681 1,656 2,243 845 1,090
Acquisition of products 835 863 588 2,951 1,903 2,547 1,741
Depreciation and depletion 1,903 1,500 1,536 6,251 4,916 1,704 1,669
Others 1,517 1,376 2,350 5,674 6,447 3,948 3,087
Total 11,135 10,443 10,385 40,489 33,757 20,959 17,892

The expenses are demonstrated in the tables as follows:

Consolidated Parent Company
Three-month period ended (unaudited) Year ended Year ended
December 31, 2011 September 30, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Selling and Administrative expenses
Personnel 429 311 250 1,267 828 777 507
Services (consulting, infrastructure and others) 439 219 233 932 624 517 376
Advertising and publicity 58 40 80 162 196 140 213
Depreciation 103 85 127 368 427 260 314
Travel expenses 53 24 23 109 52 59 24
Taxes and rents 25 23 21 83 94 23 33
Incentive 135 20 118 160 132 135 90
Others 153 134 105 475 269 271 154
Sales 176 282 233 653 579 (6 ) 37
1,571 1,139 1,190 4,209 3,201 2,176 1,748

The expenses are demonstrated in the tables as follows:

Consolidated Parent Company
Three-month period ended (unaudited) Year ended Year ended
December 31, 2011 September 30, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Others operational expenses (incomes), net, including research and development
Provision for contingency 322 30 8 479 242 269 88
Provision for loss with taxes credits (ICMS) 28 26 23 84 210 5 23
Provision for variable remuneration 232 183 168 728 453 627 266
Vale do Rio Doce Foundation - FVRD 22 56 35 204 96 178 92
Provision for disposal of materials/inventories 10 24 4 91 191 35 4
Pre operational, plant stoppages and idle capacity 878 608 813 2,255 1,968 183 82
Research and development 975 728 506 2,862 1,567 1,460 1,003
Others 353 328 519 1,146 1,051 407 204
Total 2,820 1,983 2,076 7,849 5,778 3,164 1,762

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*27. Financial result*

The financial results occurred in the periods, recorded by nature and competence, are as follows:

Consolidated Parent Company
Three-month period ended (unaudited) Year ended Year ended
December 31, 2011 September 30, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Financial expenses
Interest (688 ) (595 ) (608 ) (2,403 ) (2,155 ) (2,227 ) (2,042 )
Labor, tax and civil contingencies (23 ) (37 ) (38 ) (69 ) (282 ) (53 ) (261 )
Derivatives (171 ) (1,365 ) (27 ) (1,704 ) (305 ) (1,123 ) (1 )
Monetary and exchange rate variation (a) (486 ) (4,371 ) (604 ) (5,269 ) (2,822 ) (4,201 ) (1,834 )
Stockholders’ debentures (222 ) (71 ) (471 ) (380 ) (849 ) (380 ) (849 )
IOF (13 ) (3 ) (16 ) (22 ) (137 ) (9 ) (57 )
Others (100 ) (693 ) (556 ) (1,426 ) (1,367 ) (559 ) (531 )
(1,703 ) (7,135 ) (2,320 ) (11,273 ) (7,917 ) (8,552 ) (5,575 )
Financial income
Related parties 3 — — 7 1 14 73
Short-term investments 210 261 165 1,041 434 724 210
Derivatives 231 391 820 1,765 1,341 1,051 1,171
Monetary and exchange rate variation (b) 28 301 696 1,640 3,117 1,133 2,025
Others 80 53 164 197 261 36 475
552 1,006 1,845 4,650 5,154 2,958 3,954
Financial results, net (1,151 ) (6,129 ) (475 ) (6,623 ) (2,763 ) (5,594 ) (1,621 )
Summary of Monetary and exchange rate
Cash and cash equivalents 1 2 (76 ) (2 ) (192 ) — (16 )
Loans and financing (119 ) (1,452 ) 413 (1,254 ) 1,247 (791 ) 367
Related parties — — — — — 72 1,174
Others (340 ) (2,620 ) (245 ) (2,373 ) (760 ) (2,349 ) (1,334 )
Net (a+b) (458 ) (4,070 ) 92 (3,629 ) 295 (3,068 ) 191

*28. Commitments*

*a) Nickel project — New Caledonia*

In connection with the Girardin Act tax — an advantaged lease financing arrangement sponsored by the French government, we provided guarantees to BNP Paribas for the benefit of the tax investors regarding certain payments due from VNC. We also committed that assets associated with the Girardin Act lease financing would be substantially complete by December 31, 2011. The French Government and tax investors agreed to postpone the deadline to December 31, 2012. A formal request for extension has been submitted to them. We believe the likelihood of the guarantee being called upon to be remote.

Sumic Nickel Netherlands B.V. (“Sumic”), a 21% stockholder of VNC, has a put option to sell to us 25%, 50%, or 100% of the shares they own of VNC if the defined cost of the initial nickel cobalt development project, as measured by funding provided to VNC, in natural currencies and converted to U.S. dollars at specified rates of exchange, in the form of Girardin Act lease financing, shareholder loans and equity contributions by shareholders to VNC, exceeded R$ 8.594 (US$4.6 billion) and an agreement cannot be reached on how to proceed with the project. On May 27, 2010 the threshold was reached. The put option discussion and decision period was stayed to January 1, 2012. We are currently in discussion with Sumic on their continued participation in VNC, and expect to reach a resolution during the second or third quarter of 2012.

In addition, in the course of our operations we have provided letters of credit and guarantees in the amount of R$ 869 (US$ 465) that are associated with items such as environmental reclamation, asset retirement obligation commitments, electricity commitments, community service commitments and export duties.

*b) Participative Debentures*

At the time of its privatization in 1997, Vale issued debentures to then-existing stockholders, including the Brazilian Government. The debentures’ terms were set to ensure that our pre-privatization stockholders, would participate in potential future benefits that might be obtained from exploiting our mineral resources.

A total of 388,559,056 debentures were issued at a par value of R$ 0.01 (one cent), whose value will be restated in accordance with the variation in the General Market Price Index (IGP-M), as set forth in the Issue Deed. In December 31, 2011 and 2010 the total amount of these debentures was R$ 2.496 and 2.140, respectively.

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The debenture holders have the right to receive premiums, paid semiannually, equivalent to a percentage of net revenues from specific mine resources as set forth in the indenture. During 2011 we paid remuneration on these debentures of R$ 22.

*c) Operational lease*

· Railroad operations

The Company conducts part of railway operations using leases. This lease has a term of 30 years, renewable for another 30 years and expires in August 2026. It is classified as operational leasing for not having risks and benefits incidental to ownership of the asset just the obligation to pay rent for the asset. At the end of the lease the leased property will be returned to the lessor. In most cases, the Company’s management expects that in the normal course of business these contracts will be renewed.

The table below shows the minimum operating lease payments in the future of rail operations on 31 December 2011.

Rail Operations Consolidated
2012 163
2013 163
2014 163
2015 163
2016 163
2017 onwards 1,621
2,436

· Pelletize Operations

The table below shows the minimum operating lease payments in the future of pelletize operations on 31 December 2011.

Pelletizing Operations Consolidated
2012 123
2013 108
2014 43
2015 43
2016 onwards 120
437

The consolidated operational leasing expenses on rail operations on 31 December 2011 and in 2010 were R$ 163 and R$ 150, respectively and the consolidated operational leasing expenses of pelletizing operations on December31, 2011 and in 2010 were R$ 123 and R$ 178, respectively.

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*d) Concession Contracts and Sub-concession*

*i. Rail companies*

The Company and certain group companies entered into with the Union, through the Ministry of Transport, concession agreements for exploration and development of public rail transport of cargo and leasing of assets for the provision of such services. The accounting records of grants and sub-concessions are presented in note 13.

Railroad End of the concession period
Vitória a Minas e Carajás (direta) (*) June 2027
Carajás (direta) (*) June 2027
Malha Centro-Leste (indireta via FCA) August 2026
Malha Sudeste (indireta via MRS) December 2026
Ferrovia Norte Sul S.A. (FNS) December 2037

(*) Concessions is not onerous.

The grant shall be terminated with the completion of one of the following events: termination of the contract term, expropriation, forfeiture, cancellation, annulment or dissolution and bankruptcy of the concessionaire.

The concessions, sub-concessions and leasing of the subsidiaries companies are recorded in the concept of operational lease and present the following:

FNS FCA MRS
Total number of plots 3 112 118
Periodicity of payments (*) Trimestral Trimestral
Update index IGP-DI FGV IGP-DI FGV IGP-DI FGV
Plots paid (**) 54 58
Plots updated value
Concession — 2 3
Leasing — 31 48

(*) In accordance with the delivery of each stretch of the railway

(**) Two plots have been paid. The third plot had just 80% paid; the 20% they left is to cover existing railroad disputes.

*ii. Port*

The Company has specialized port terminals, as follows:

Terminals Location Expiration of the concession term
Terminal of Tubarão, Praia Mole e Granéis Líquidos Vitória - ES 2020
Terminal of Produtos Diversos Vitória - ES 2020
Terminal of Vila Velha Vila Velha - ES 2023
Terminal Marítimo de Ponta da Madeira - Píer I e III S. Luiz - MA 2018
Terminal Marítimo de Ponta da Madeira - Píer II S. Luiz - MA 2010 (*)
Terminal Marítimo Inácio Barbosa Acarajú - SE 2012
Terminal of Ore Exportation- Porto de Itaguaí Itaguaí - RJ 2021
Terminal Marítimo da Ilha Guaíba - TIG - Mangaratiba Mangaratiba - RJ 2018

(*) The extension of the duration for 36 months until the date that of a new price bidding.

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*29. Related parties*

Transactions with related parties are made by the Company in a strictly commutative manner, observing the price and usual market conditions and therefore do not generate any undue benefit to their counterparties or loss to the Company.

In the normal course of operations, Vale contracts rights and obligations with related parties (subsidiaries, associated companies, jointly controlled entities and Stockholders), derived from operations of sale and purchase of products and services, leasing of assets, sale of raw material, so as rail transport services, with prices agreed between the parties and also mutual transactions.

The balances of these related party transactions and their effect on financial statements may be identified as follows:

Consolidated
Assets
December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Customers Related parties Customers Related parties
Baovale Mineração S.A. 5 — 1 —
Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização - HISPANOBRÁS 162 — 216 —
Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização - NIBRASCO 1 — — —
Korea Nickel Corporation — — 20 —
MRS Logistica S.A. 8 — 1 —
Norsk Hydro ASA — 868 — —
Samarco Mineração S.A. 38 6 44 6
Others 104 99 189 92
Total 318 973 471 98
Current 318 69 471 90
Non-current — 904 — 8
Total 318 973 471 98
Consolidated
Liabilities
December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Suppliers Related parties Suppliers Related parties
Baovale Mineração S.A. 19 — 25 —
Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização - KOBRASCO 5 — 5 1
Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização - HISPANOBRÁS 149 — 245 —
Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização - ITABRASCO — — 8 —
Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização - NIBRASCO 1 10 9 10
Minas da Serra Geral 8 — 8 —
Mineração Rio do Norte S.A. — — 25 —
MRS Logistica S.A. 14 — 8 —
Norsk Hydro ASA — 149 — —
Mitsui & CO, LTD 69 — 101 —
Others 45 103 118 16
Total 310 262 552 27
Current 310 32 552 24
Non-current — 230 — 3
Total 310 262 552 27

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Parent Company
Assets
December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Customers Related parties Customers Related parties
ALUNORTE - Alumina do Norte do Brasil S.A. 1 1 2 18
Baovale Mineração S.A. 10 3 2 3
Biopalma da Amazônia S.A. — 349 — —
Companhia Portuária Baía de Sepetiba - CPBS 3 — 1 6
CVRD OVERSEAS Ltd. — — 1,244 —
Ferrovia Centro - Atlântica S.A. 6 36 50 44
Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização - HISPANOBRÁS 329 — 438 —
Minerações Brasileiras Reunida S.A. - MBR 18 555 4 677
Minerações Corumbaense Reunida S.A. 139 80 — 362
MRS Logistica S.A. 15 29 1 21
Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização - NIBRASCO 1 — — —
Salobo Metais S.A. 20 5 7 5
Samarco Mineração S.A. 75 13 88 13
Vale International S.A. 14,271 1,705 15,614 1,553
Vale Manganês S.A. 44 — 32 182
Vale Mina do Azul S.A. — 47 — —
Vale Operações Ferroviárias 135 11 — —
Vale Potássio Nordeste 45 — — —
Others 137 173 275 175
Total 15,249 3,007 17,758 3,059
Current 15,249 2,561 17,758 1,123
Non-current — 446 — 1,936
Total 15,249 3,007 17,758 3,059
Parent Company
Liabilities
December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Suppliers Related parties Suppliers Related parties
ALUNORTE - Alumina do Norte do Brasil S.A. — — 15 —
Baovale Mineração S.A. 37 — 51 —
Companhia Portuária Baía de Sepetiba - CPBS 58 — 28 —
CVRD OVERSEAS Ltd. — — — 217
Ferrovia Centro - Atlântica S.A. 19 — 19 —
Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização - KOBRASCO 9 — 9 —
Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização - HISPANOBRÁS 303 — 500 —
Minerações Brasileiras Reunidas S.A. - MBR 44 — 32 271
MRS Logistica S.A. 37 — 25 —
Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização - NIBRASCO 2 21 18 21
Vale International S.A. 8 33,582 4 32,412
Vale Mina do Azul S.A. 152 — — —
Vale Potássio Nordeste 37 — — —
Mitsui & CO, LTD 69 — 101 —
Others 99 10 199 2
Total 874 33,613 1,001 32,923
Current 874 4,959 1,001 5,326
Non-current — 28,654 — 27,597
Total 874 33,613 1,001 32,923

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Consolidated
Income
Three-month period ended (unaudited) Year ended
December 31, 2011 September 30, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Baovale Mineração S.A. — — 1 2 8
Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização - HISPANOBRÁS 136 159 198 586 386
Log-in S.A. 1 5 2 10 10
MRS Logistica S.A. 4 4 3 15 16
Samarco Mineração S.A. 85 109 96 403 360
Others 4 62 8 259 12
Total 230 339 309 1,275 792
Consolidated
Cost / Expense
Three-month period ended (unaudited) Year ended
December 31, 2011 September 30, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Baovale Mineração S.A. 5 4 5 20 18
Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização - KOBRASCO 27 13 20 83 103
Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização - HISPANOBRÁS 212 125 277 686 477
Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização - ITABRASCO 24 35 28 122 40
Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização - NIBRASCO 22 33 30 123 67
Mineração Rio do Norte S.A. — — 59 18 165
Mitsui & Co Ttd 62 79 103 245 181
MRS Logistica S.A. 174 210 179 735 610
Others 6 3 3 19 37
Total 532 502 703 2,051 1,698
Consolidated
Financial
Three-month period ended (unaudited) Year ended
December 31, 2011 September 30, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização - KOBRASCO — — 1 — 1
Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização - HISPANOBRÁS — — 3 (2 ) 3
Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização - ITABRASCO — — 1 — 1
Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização - NIBRASCO — — 1 — 1
MRS Logistica S.A. — — 49 — 33
Others 19 (99 ) (1 ) (120 ) 3
Total 19 (99 ) 54 (122 ) 42
Parent Company
Income
Three-month period ended (unaudited) Year ended
December 31, 2011 September 30, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
ALBRAS - Alumínio Brasileiro S.A. — — 127 31 159
ALUNORTE - Alumina do Norte do Brasil S.A. — — 188 1 284
Baovale Mineração S.A. — — 10 3 16
Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização - HISPANOBRÁS 271 314 653 1,163 828
CVRD Overseas Ltd. — — 4,234 — 6,511
Ferrovia Centro - Atlântica S.A. 41 58 151 195 196
Ferrovia Norte Sul S.A. 4 2 13 12 13
Vale Canada Limited 5 7 8 17 8
MRS Logistica S.A. 6 5 16 21 22
Samarco Mineração S.A. 166 213 497 788 719
Vale Energia S.A. 13 — 1 13 1
Vale International S.A. 15,367 16,178 23,810 57,026 36,418
Vale Manganês S.A. — 23 73 68 93
Vale Operações Ferroviárias 156 90 — 246 —
Vale Mina do Azul S.A. 21 — — 21 —
Minerações Brasileiras Reunidas S.A. - MBR 1 — — 1 —
Outras 4 19 70 35 78
Total 16,053 16,910 29,851 59,642 45,345

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Parent Company
Cost / Expense
Three-month period ended (unaudited) Year ended
December 31, 2011 September 30, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
ALUNORTE - Alumina do Norte do Brasil S.A. — — 115 28 151
Baovale Mineração S.A. 10 10 27 40 36
Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização - KOBRASCO 55 27 77 166 206
Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização - HISPANOBRÁS 431 254 861 1,397 1,141
Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização - ITABRASCO 49 71 74 249 88
Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização - NIBRASCO 45 67 102 251 263
Companhia Portuária Baia de Sepetiba - CPBS 61 81 221 296 310
Mitsui & Co Ltd 62 79 103 245 181
MRS Logistica S.A. 302 355 774 1,254 1,035
Vale Energia S.A. 53 46 303 162 435
Vale Mina do Azul S.A. 119 — — 119 —
Minerações Brasileiras Reunidas S.A. - MBR 496 — — 496 —
Outras 44 131 55 371 97
Total 1,726 1,122 2,711 5,076 3,943
Parent Company
Financial
Three-month period ended (unaudited) Year ended
December 31, 2011 September 30, 2011 December 31, 2010 December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
ALUNORTE - Alumina do Norte do Brasil S.A. — — (1 ) 5 (1 )
Companhia Coreano-Brasileira de Pelotização - KOBRASCO — — 2 — 2
Companhia Hispano-Brasileira de Pelotização - HISPANOBRÁS — — 11 (4 ) 2
Companhia Ítalo-Brasileira de Pelotização - ITABRASCO — — 2 — 2
Companhia Nipo-Brasileira de Pelotização - NIBRASCO — — 2 — 2
CVRD Overseas Ltd. — — (19 ) — (108 )
Ferrovia Centro - Atlântica S.A. — 14 5 1 10
Vale Canada Limited 15 21 43 31 43
MRS Logistica S.A. — — 75 — 71
Vale Energia S.A. — — — — —
Vale International S.A. (248 ) (161 ) (1,608 ) (988 ) (458 )
Sociedad Contractual Minera Tres Valles (1 ) 4 — 4 —
Mineração Corumbaense Reunida S.A. (14 ) 7 — (7 ) —
Biopalma da Amazonia S.A. 47 — — 47 —
Vale Overseas — — — 25 —
Outras — 14 11 13 19
Total (200 ) (102 ) (1,479 ) (873 ) (415 )

Additionally we have loans payable to Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Social and BNDES Participações S.A in the amounts of R$ 5,760 and R$ 1,686 respectively, accruing interest at market rates, which fall due through 2029. The operations generated interest expenses of R$ 231 and R$ 96. We also maintain cash equivalent balances with Banco Bradesco S.A. in the amount of R$ 37 in December 31, 2011. The effect of these operations in results was R$ 123.

Remuneration of key management personnel:

December 31, 2011 December 31, 2010
Short-term benefits: 84 56
Wages or pro-labor 19 17
Direct and indirect benefits 36 18
Bonus 29 21
Long-term benefits:
Based on stock 22 30
22 30
Termination of position 90 4
197 90

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*30 Board of Directors, Fiscal Council, Advisory committees and Executive Officers*

Board of Directors Governance and Sustainability Committee
Gilmar Dalilo Cezar Wanderley
Ricardo José da Costa Flores Renato da Cruz Gomes
Chairman Ricardo Simonsen
Mário da Silveira Teixeira Júnior Fiscal Council
Vice-President
Marcelo Amaral Moraes
Fuminobu Kawashima Chairman
José Mauro Mettrau Carneiro da Cunha
José Ricardo Sasseron Aníbal Moreira dos Santos
Luciano Galvão Coutinho Antonio Henrique Pinheiro Silveira
Oscar Augusto de Camargo Filho Arnaldo José Vollet
Paulo Soares de Souza
Renato da Cruz Gomes Alternate
Robson Rocha Cícero da Silva
Nelson Henrique Barbosa Filho Marcus Pereira Aucélio
Oswaldo Mário Pêgo de Amorim Azevedo
Alternate
Executive Officers
Eduardo de Oliveira Rodrigues Filho
Estáquio Wagner Guimarães Gomes Murilo Pinto de Oliveira Ferreira
Deli Soares Pereira Chief Executive Officer
Hajime Tonoki
João Moisés de Oliveira Vânia Lucia Chaves Somavilla
Luiz Carlos de Freitas Executive Officer of Human Resources, Health and Safety, Sustainability, Energy and Corporate Affairs
Marco Geovanne Tobias da Silva
Paulo Sergio Moreira da Fonseca
Raimundo Nonato Alves Amorim Tito Botelho Martins
Sandro Kohler Marcondes Chief Financial Officer and Executive Director of Finance, Investor Relations, Procurement and Shared Services
Advisory Committees of the Board of Directors
Eduardo de Salles Bartolomeo
Controlling Committee Executive Officer of Fertilizer and Coal Operations and Marketing
Luiz Carlos de Freitas
Paulo Ricardo Ultra Soares José Carlos Martins
Paulo Roberto Ferreira de Medeiros Executive Officer of Ferrous Minerals Operations and Marketing
Executive Development Committee Galib Abrahão Chaim
João Moisés de Oliveira Executive Officer of Exploration and Projects
José Ricardo Sasseron
Oscar Augusto de Camargo Filho Humberto Ramos de Freitas
Executive Officer of Logistics and Mineral Exploration
Strategic Committee
Murilo Pinto de Oliveira Ferreira Gerd Peter Poppinga
Luciano Galvão Coutinho Executive Officer of Base Metals Operations and Marketing
Mário da Silveira Teixeira Júnior
Oscar Augusto de Camargo Filho
Ricardo José da Costa Flores Marcus Vinicius Dias Severini
Chief Officer of Accounting and Control Department
Finance Committee
Tito Botelho Martins Vera Lucia de Almeida Pereira Elias
Eduardo de Oliveira Rodrigues Filho Chief Accountant
Luciana Freitas Rodrigues CRC-RJ - 043059/O-8
Luiz Maurício Leuzinger

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*Additional information*

*(unaudited)*

*Social Report*

The Company presents its annual social and sustainability reports, which reaffirms the commitment to strategically enhance the sustainable development by the global guidelines. The Sustainable Development Policy of the Company aims to build a legacy of social, economic and environmental development in regions where we act, using the pillars of Sustainable Operator, Local Development Catalyst and Global Agent of Sustainability. Within these principles and guidelines, the Company publishes a social report which shows social and environmental indicators, functional quantitative and relevant information about the corporate citizenship. The information presented was obtained through the auxiliary registers and certain management information of the Company, the direct and indirect subsidiaries and jointly controlled companies.

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2011 2010 2011 2010
Basis of calculation
Gross revenue 103,195 83,225 66,082 51,386
Operating income before financial result
and equity in results of affiliates, joint ventures and other investments 53,139 40.490 49,831 29.984
Gross remuneration 5,285 4.544 3,444 2.650
Value Payroll Net revenue Value Payroll Net revenue Value Payroll Net revenue Value Payroll Net revenue
Labor indicators
Feed 471 9 % 0 % 373 8 % 1 % 418 12 % 1 % 323 12 % 1 %
Mandatory social security 1,296 25 % 1 % 1,056 23 % 3 % 958 28 % 1 % 760 29 % 3 %
Transport 246 5 % 0 % 184 4 % 0 % 211 6 % 0 % 159 6 % 1 %
Private pensions plans 369 7 % 0 % 267 6 % 1 % 180 5 % 0 % 119 4 % 0 %
Health 546 10 % 1 % 481 11 % 1 % 278 8 % 0 % 227 9 % 1 %
Education 193 4 % 0 % 140 3 % 0 % 151 4 % 0 % 99 4 % 0 %
Daycare center 5 0 % 0 % 3 0 % 0 % 5 0 % 0 % 3 0 % 0 %
Profit sharing 1,556 29 % 2 % 842 19 % 2 % 1,342 39 % 2 % 778 29 % 3 %
Others benefits 147 3 % 0 % 121 3 % 0 % 135 4 % 0 % 98 4 % 0 %
4,828 91 % 5 % 3,467 77 % 8 % 3,678 107 % 6 % 2,566 97 % 9 %
Total - Labor indicators
Value % over — Operating income Net revenue Value % over — Operating income Net revenue Value % over — Operating income Net revenue Value % over — Operating income Net revenue
Social indicators
Taxes (excluding social charges) 9,131 17 % 9 % 9543 24 % 11 % 8,903 18 % 13 % 9035 30 % 17 %
Deferred taxes (1,103 ) -2 % -1 % -1725 -4 % -2 % (961 ) -2 % -1 % -1582 -5 % -3 %
Investments in citizenship 783 1 % 1 % 690 2 % 1 % 689 1 % 1 % 618 2 % 1 %
Projects and social actions 631 1 % 1 % 490 1 % 1 % 543 1 % 1 % 421 1 % 1 %
Culture 128 0 % 0 % 173 0 % 0 % 122 0 % 0 % 172 1 % 0 %
Native communities 24 0 % 0 % 27 0 % 0 % 24 0 % 0 % 25 0 % 0 %
Environmental investments 8,811 17 % 9 % 8508 22 % 10 % 8,631 17 % 13 % 8071 27 % 16 %
Total - Social indicators 1,744 3 % 2 % 9.779 3 % 2 % 1,220 2 % 2 % 626 2 % 1 %
Indicators of workforce
Total of employees at end of year 79,646 70.785 48,485 41.111
Total of admissions during the year 16,336 12.312 — 6.494
The social and environmental projects developed by the company were defined by: Directors (X) Directors and managers (X) All employees
The standards of safety and cleanliness in the workplace were defined by: Directors and managers All employees (X) Everyone + CIPA
Concerning freedom of association, the right to collective bargaining and internal representation of (the) employee (s), the company: Don’t get involved Follows the ILO standards (X) Encourages and follows the ILO
The pension plan covers: (X) Directors (X) direção e gerências (X) All employees
The share of profits or results includes: (X) Directors (X) direção e gerências (X) All employees
In selecting suppliers, the same ethical and social responsibility standards adopted by the company: It isn’t considered It’s suggested (X) It’s required
Regarding the participation of employees in volunteer work, the company: Don’t get involved (X) Supports (X) Organize and encourage

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*Signatures*

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

(Registrant)
By: /s/ Roberto Castello Branco
Date: February 15, 2012 Roberto Castello Branco
Director of Investor Relations

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