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Sheffield Resources Ltd. — Investor Presentation 2016
Oct 16, 2016
44780_rns_2016-10-16_a49aba87-d9b6-47fb-a72e-5825f1bfea32.pdf
Investor Presentation
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Thunderbird One of the World’s Best Undeveloped Mineral Sands Projects
Investor Presentation October 2016 ASX : SFX
1
DISCLAIMER
PREVIOUSLY REPORTED INFORMATION
This presentation includes information that relates to Exploration Results, Exploration Targets, Mineral Resources, Ore Reserves, a Pre-feasibility Study and Technical Studies which were prepared and first disclosed under the JORC Code 2012. The information was extracted from the Company’s previous ASX announcements as follows:
- “OUTSTANDING IMPROVEMENTS IN RECOVERIES AND PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS FROM THUNDERBIRD BFS” 12 October 2016
“SHEFFIELD DOUBLES MEASURED MINERAL RESOURCE AT THUNDERBIRD” 5 July, 2016
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“THUNDERBIRD MINERAL SANDS PROJECT - BFS UPDATE” 29 June, 2016
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“PREMIUM ZIRCON AT NIGHT TRAIN”, 14 April 2016
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“SHEFFIELD APPOINTS HATCH TO DELIVER BFS FOR THUNDERBIRD PROJECT“, 2 March 2016
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“MAIDEN ORE RESERVE – THUNDERBIRD PROJECT”, 22 January, 2016
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“PRE-FEASIBILITY STUDY UPDATE CONFIRMS THUNDERBIRD AS THE WORLD’S BEST UNDEVELOPED MINERAL SANDS PROJECT”, 14 October 2015
“NEW MINERAL SANDS DISCOVERY AT NIGHT TRAIN”, 22 September 2015
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“OUTSTANDING RESULTS FROM ILMENITE UPGRADE TESTWORK”, 9 September 2015
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“CONVENTIAL DOZER TRAP MINING CONFIRMED AS PREFERRED MINING METHOD AT THUNDERBIRD”, 17 September 2015
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“THUNDERBIRD HIGH GRADE RESOURCE UPDATE”, 31 July 2015
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“QUARTERLY REPORT FOR PERIOD ENDING 30 JUNE 2015”, 27 July 2015
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“PRE-FEASIBILITY STUDY CONFIRMS THUNDERBIRD AS NEXT MAJOR MINERAL SANDS PROJECT IN GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT PIPELINE”, 14 May 2015
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“THREE NEW MINERAL SANDS DISCOVERIES IN CANNING BASIN”, 25 February 2015
These announcements are available to view on Sheffield Resources Ltd’s website: www.sheffieldresources.com.au
The Company confirms that it is not aware of any new information or data that materially affects the information included in the original market announcements and, in the case of estimates of Mineral Resources, Ore Reserves, Pre-feasibility Study and Technical Study results, that all material assumptions and technical parameters underpinning the estimates in the relevant market announcement continue to apply and have not materially changed. The Company confirms that the form and context in which the Competent Person’s findings are presented have not been materially modified from the original market announcement
FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
Some statements in this report regarding estimates or future events are forward-looking statements. They include indications of, and guidance on, future earnings, cash flow, costs and financial performance. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements preceded by words such as “planned”, “expected”, “projected” “estimated” “may”, “scheduled”, “intends”, “potential”, “could” “nominal” “conceptual” and similar expressions. Forward looking statements, opinions and estimates included in this announcement are based on assumptions and contingencies which are subject to change without notice, as are statements about market and industry trends, which are based on interpretations of current market conditions. Forward looking statements are provided as a general guide only and should not be relied on as a guarantee of future performance. Forward looking statements may be affected by a range of variables that could cause actual results to differ from estimated results.
MINERAL RESOURCES RELATED TO PFS RESULTS
In this report that part of the Thunderbird Measured and Indicated Mineral Resource, considering the results of pit optimisations, preliminary mine designs and economic factors, that has been evaluated in the October 2015 Pre-feasibility Study is 685Mt at 11.3% HM. These considerations for the PFS are not sufficient to meet the requirements of an Ore Reserve as defined under the 2012 edition of the JORC Code and therefore should not be considered as such. Subsequent to the PFS, on 22 January 2016, Sheffield announced a maiden Ore Reserve for Thunderbird meeting the requirements of the JORC Code 2012, totalling 682.7Mt @ 11.3% HM (Proved and Probable), based on that portion of the July, 2015 Thunderbird deposit Measured and Indicated Mineral Resources within mine designs that may be economically extracted with appropriate consideration of modifying factors, costs, mineral assemblage, process recoveries and product pricing. See Appendix 1 for further details.
2
CORPORATE SNAPSHOT
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ASX ISSUED SHARE SHARE PRICE MARKET CASH ENTERPRISE TOP TWENTY
CODE SHARES OPTIONS (14 Oct 2016) CAP (UNAUDITED) [1 ] VALUE SHAREHOLDERS [2 ]
SFX 180.7M 12.5M [2 ] A$0.57 A$103M A$16M A$87M ~49%
Price (AUD)
$0.85
$0.75
$0.65
13% Directors
$0.55
$0.45 Institutional
$0.35
15%
$0.25 Retail
72%
Volume(k)
700.0
600.0
500.0 Major Shareholders
400.0
300.0 BlackRock 9%
200.0 Walter Yovich 6%
100.0
0.0 Australian Institutions 4%
Other Overseas Institutions 2%
3
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1unaudited as at 30 September 2016
-
2average exercise price A$0.55c
OUR TEAM – EXPERIENCED & CAPABLE
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BOARD
MANAGEMENT
Will Burbury Bruce McFadzean Non-executive Chairman Managing Director
Bruce McFadzean David Archer Managing Director Technical Director
David Archer Technical Director
Mark Di Silvio CFO/Company Secretary
Bruce McQuitty Non-executive Director
Jim Netterfield BFS Project Manager
Neil Patten-Williams Marketing Manager
Mining Engineer with over 35 years experience leading the financing, development and operation of mines in Australia and overseas, including roles with BHP Billiton and Rio Tinto. Previously Managing Director of Catalpa Resources (ASX: CAH) prior to its merger with Evolution Mining.
Geologist with over 27 years experience Australian resources sector. Has held senior positions with major Australian mining companies, including RGC Ltd, and as consultant to Atlas Iron Limited and Warwick Resources Limited, was responsible for significant iron ore discoveries.
CPA with over 25 years experience in the resources sector working across Africa and Australia. Has led financing and restructuring initiatives, holding senior finance and executive positions with RGC/Goldfields Limited, Woodside Energy, Centamin Plc and Mawson West Limited.
Mechanical engineer with a proven track record in successfully managing mineral development projects through to production. Professional career includes roles with BHP Billiton and Rio Tinto, and most recently four years as acting CEO and Operations Director at Oakajee Port & Rail Pty Ltd.
Experienced marketing and operations manager with over 18 years experience in the mineral sands industry, having held a number of management roles with Doral. Solid background in marketing and logistics of both zircon and titanium mineral products.
With a career spanning more than 33 years, a geologist with extensive experience in the mineral sands sector, holding senior management positions with Aberfoyle Resources Ltd, Australian Zircon NL. Involved in the discovery and evaluation of several Australian mineral sands deposits.
Mark Teakle With a career spanning more than 33 years, a geologist with extensive experience in the mineral sands sector, holding senior management positions with Aberfoyle Resources Ltd, Australian Development Manager Zircon NL. Involved in the discovery and evaluation of several Australian mineral sands deposits. David Boyd Previously General Manager of Geology at Consolidated Minerals where he managed exploration and resource development across that company’s manganese, chromite and iron ore projects. Exploration Manager Career includes senior positions with RGC/Goldfields Limited, Placer Dome Limited and Barrick. Wayne Groeneveld Over 30 years’ experience in the mining industry, having led negotiation of land access and native title agreements. Experience includes senior positions with RGC/Goldfields Limited, Placer Dome Sustainability Manager Australia Ltd, St Barbara Ltd and Xstrata Nickel.
4
THUNDERBIRD - DISCOVERY TO PRODUCTION
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ASX listed December 2010
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Initial drill hole to BFS in 4 Years
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2013 Explorer of the year and 2013 Diggers and Dealers Best Emerging Company Award
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Lead Agency status with Department of Mines and Petroleum
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Targeting first production from Thunderbird early 2019
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Potential multi-decade (+40 year) operation
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First mover status in the Canning Basin mineral sands province
5
THUNDERBIRD – A WORLD CLASS ORE RESERVE
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10.00
Murray Basin (ILU)
8.00
Perth Basin (ILU)
6.00
Kwale (BSE) Fairbreeze (TROX) Namakwa (TROX)
QMM (RIO)
Richards Bay (RIO)
THUNDERBIRD (SFX)
4.00
Moma
Dongara (TROX)
2.00 (KMR)
Grand Cote
(MDL) Keysbrook (MZI)
Cyclone (DRX)
Eucla Basin (ILU)
0.00 Cooljarloo Cooljarloo Coburn (STA)
0 (TROX) West (TROX) 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2
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In Situ Zircon %
Zircon Grade
-
Amongst the world’s largest and highest grade zircon and ilmenite rich Ore Reserves
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Australia, one of the best mining jurisdictions in the world
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Most of the world’s minerals sands Ore Reserves are in high risk jurisdictions
Thunderbird Ore Reserves ranked against Ore Reserves of current mineral sands operations and projects under investigation globally
Blue bubbles are operating mines, green bubbles are Ore Reserves reported but project is not operating. Blue hatch bubbles represent operating African mines’ Ore Reserves Bubble size proportional to tonnes of contained VHM. Only Ore Reserves > 4Mt contained VHM shown. Data compiled by Sheffield from public sources
MARKET CONDITIONS HAVE TURNED
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MARKET DYNAMICS SPECIFICATIONS & SAMPLES
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Final product specifications complete for all products
-
Improving market in mineral sands industry
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Sulphate Ilmenite feedstock • Samples dispatched to potential offshortage predicted for 2018 and take partners for review beyond •
-
Confirmed high grade premium zircon
-
• Demand growth for Ilmenite (>66.3%) predicted in China •
-
Confirmed high grade sulphate
-
• Positive market dynamics ilmenite (>56% TiO2) reported by pigment producers •
-
High acid solubility (>95%) and
-
• Zircon sand pricing stabilised excellent reactivity during 2016 •
-
LTR process has capability to upgrade ilmenite (57-59%) - potential blended feedstock for chloride processing
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Zircon sand demand expected to improve due to balancing of inventories
-
Suitable for production of chloride and sulphate grade slag - 88% TiO2
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Off-take discussions commenced
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PRICE FORECAST
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Sulphate Ilmenite prices predicted to reach US$200/t
-
Chloride slag market prices have strengthened and are expected to increase by 2017
-
Zircon sand prices increased marginally during Q3 2016 indicating market stability.
-
Zircon sand market expecting on-going incremental price recovery
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Positive sentiment generally in the mineral sands industry
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Confirmed high grade Hi-Ti Leucoxene (>87%)
7
BFS STATUS – 70% COMPLETE KEY TARGETS
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KEY DELIVERABLES
TIER 1 STUDY
-
BFS Completion early 2017
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7.5-10.0 Mt phase 1 capacity with doubling of capacity in phase 2
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750t/hr constant feed rate at rougher spiral
Study Manager
Mineral Sands Processing Specialist
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Metallurgical test work complete
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Confirmation of flow sheet utilising full scale or scalable equipment
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Increased recoveries for zircon and ilmenite
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Outstanding gains for LTR Ilmenite in grade, FeO:Fe2O3 ratio and acid solubility
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Simplification of product process flow sheet
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Capital efficient design
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MG12 Cleaner Spiral
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Pilot Scale RERMS
8
BFS STATUS – 70% COMPLETE KEY TARGETS
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COMMUNITY/EMPLOYMENT
PERMITTING
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Local DIDO workforce, salaries stay in local community
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Significant Aboriginal employment and business opportunities
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Enthusiastic community support
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Motivated local business participation
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Long mine life opportunity for local communities
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Government support via “Lead Agency Status” from Department of Mines and Petroleum (DMP)
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Public Environmental Review (PER) process commenced and public in Jan 2017
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Native Title approvals targeted early 2017
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Local government approval processes commenced
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PER
2016 2017
2018
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Native Title
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9
THUNDERBIRD – A WORLD CLASS DEPOSIT
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Thunderbird has a continuous High Grade Zone “GT Zone” of up to 46m thickness
-
GT Zone is surface outcropping in the northern part of the deposit
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Deposit geometry and grade consistency favours large scale mining
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Very low strip ratio (<0.7:1:0) targeted
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High in-situ zircon and ilmenite grades
-
Every tonne of final product contains approximately 20% zircon, 75% Ilmenite and 5% HiTi88
10
THUNDERBIRD – A WORLD CLASS DEPOSIT
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Image of in situ Valuable Heavy Mineral (VHM) grade and deposit thickness – proxy for in-ground value
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Not just high HM grade but high VHM grade
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Deposit economics are based on the strongly continuous zone of thick, very high VHM grades
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High value areas targeted in early years of production
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High value zone remains open – ongoing expansion potential
11
THUNDERBIRD – EXCEPTIONAL GRADE CONTINUITY
Exceptional grade continuity, mineral assemblage and low strip ratio
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See previous slide for section location and extent, note these are zoomed in to a 1km wide (down-dip) area of the deposit to show detail of HM grade and continuity
12
THUNDERBIRD – DOZER TRAP MINING
Trial Costeans Confirm Dozer Trap Mining Method
-
Three trenches excavated in up-dip region of the Thunderbird deposit have confirmed dozer-trap mining as preferred mining method.
-
Trenches were excavated with a D10 dozer achieving good productivity rates.
-
The exposed orebody comprised highly weathered sandstone, compacted sands and minor discontinuous iron cemented bands.
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The ore material performed well through screening
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- plant test work
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13
CONVENTIONAL PROCESSING
| Conventional heavy mineral sands processing circuit to deliver zircon, ilmenite, and HiTi88 products1 The process includes an ilmenite upgrade step using a low temperature roast (“LTR”) LTR upgrades the primary ilmenite to 56.1% TiO2high grade sulphate ilmenite LTR ilmenite is low in chrome and alkalis with market leading acid solubility BFS targeting premium zircon product and a secondary zircon concentrate Recoveries PFS Test work BFS Test work LTR Ilmenite 69.4% 71.0% Zircon Premium 53.5% 56.1% Zircon Concentrate 26.6% 33.0% HiTi Leucoxene 38.6% 35.3% |
Conventional heavy mineral sands processing circuit to deliver zircon, ilmenite, and HiTi88 products1 The process includes an ilmenite upgrade step using a low temperature roast (“LTR”) LTR upgrades the primary ilmenite to 56.1% TiO2high grade sulphate ilmenite LTR ilmenite is low in chrome and alkalis with market leading acid solubility BFS targeting premium zircon product and a secondary zircon concentrate Recoveries PFS Test work BFS Test work LTR Ilmenite 69.4% 71.0% Zircon Premium 53.5% 56.1% Zircon Concentrate 26.6% 33.0% HiTi Leucoxene 38.6% 35.3% |
Conventional heavy mineral sands processing circuit to deliver zircon, ilmenite, and HiTi88 products1 The process includes an ilmenite upgrade step using a low temperature roast (“LTR”) LTR upgrades the primary ilmenite to 56.1% TiO2high grade sulphate ilmenite LTR ilmenite is low in chrome and alkalis with market leading acid solubility BFS targeting premium zircon product and a secondary zircon concentrate Recoveries PFS Test work BFS Test work LTR Ilmenite 69.4% 71.0% Zircon Premium 53.5% 56.1% Zircon Concentrate 26.6% 33.0% HiTi Leucoxene 38.6% 35.3% |
|---|---|---|
| Recoveries | PFS Test work | BFS Test work |
| LTR Ilmenite | 69.4% | 71.0% |
| Zircon Premium | 53.5% | 56.1% |
| Zircon Concentrate | 26.6% | 33.0% |
| HiTi Leucoxene | 38.6% | 35.3% |
-
Conventional heavy mineral sands processing circuit to deliver zircon, ilmenite, and HiTi88 products[1 ]
-
The process includes an ilmenite upgrade step using a low temperature roast (“LTR”)
-
LTR upgrades the primary ilmenite to 56.1% TiO2 high grade sulphate ilmenite
-
LTR ilmenite is low in chrome and alkalis with market leading acid solubility
-
BFS targeting premium zircon product and a secondary zircon concentrate
Total recovery to products from BFS metallurgical test work[3] .
1 Process design by Robbins Engineering, based on metallurgical testwork carried out on a 40t bulk sample using full scale & scalable equipment
2 BFS test work has achieved ferric/ferrous ratio >1. Further work in progress.
3 Refer ASX announcement 12 October 2016
14
THUNDERBIRD LTR ILMENITE
HIGH TITANIUM + HIGH ACID SOLUBILITY = PREMIUM PRICING
-
Acid Solubility >95%
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Outstanding improvements in the FeO:Fe2O3 ratio to 1.2
-
Text book reactivity rate
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LTR Ilmenite
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Substantial upgrade in TiO2 and solubility
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Raw Ilmenite
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%TiO2 Solubility vs Grade, Sheffield LTR Ilmenite benchmarked against known Sulphate Ilmenites (Blue), Roundhill (red) and Hazen (magenta) solubility results for Sheffield’s LTR ilmenite[1] from pilot test work .
15
1 Refer ASX announcement 12 October 2016
MINE PLANNING AND OPTIMISATION
-
Enterprise Optimisation to determine mine planning and scheduling for the BFS is being undertaken by Whittle Consulting Pty Ltd and Entech Mining Consultants
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Phase 1 mining will commence at an initial throughput of between 7.5 and 10Mt per annum with throughput fixed at a constant feed rate of approximately 750t per hour at the rougher spirals in the Wet Concentrator Plant
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Phase 2 of the operation will involve a doubling of the throughput to approximately 1,500t per hour at the rougher spirals. The timing of this ramp-up will be determined during the optimisation study
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The work will optimise key cash flow and cost drivers to ultimately maximise NPV and minimise risk of the project
-
This component of the BFS is on schedule for completion in late 2016
16
LOGISTICS – SIMPLE & CLOSE TO MARKET
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Products trucked 140km from mine
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to ports at Derby and Broome, including 110km on major Highway
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Road haulage fleet based in Derby
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Barge transhipment operation based in Derby
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Access agreement in place for port storage, wharf and bulk handling facility at Derby
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Option for packaged products through Port of Broome
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Barging & transhipment of bulk products
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Close proximity to potential markets
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17
REGIONAL EXPLORATION POTENTIAL
NEW PROVINCE – MULTIPLE DISCOVERIES
-
Limited scout drilling has lead to new discoveries including the zircon-rich Night Train prospect, e.g. 7.5m @ 8.23% HM[1]
-
Large number of prospects yet to be drilled, new target horizons identified, new mineralisation styles intersected
-
Reprocessing of aeromagnetics and radiometrics has identified high priority geophysical targets
-
Night Train has a high value mineral assemblage: 92% VHM, including 15% zircon, 61% leucoxene + HiTi
-
High quality zircon produced from metallurgical test sample[2]
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First mover has enabled a large, strategic tenement holding over the most prospective formations
-
New fertile province = high rate of discovery
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Bells Tower
Seagull
Country Downs
Thunderbird
Night Train
Argo
exc.
Nomad
Key Geophysical Target Deposit / Drill Prospect 20km
Geological Target Limit of Broome Sandstone
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- Further drilling planned during 2017
1 refer ASX:SFX announcements of 22 September 2015 and 25 February 2015 2 refer ASX:SFX announcements of 14 April 2016
18
THUNDERBIRD– A PROJECT FOR THE COMMUNITY
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In excess of 140 direct full time jobs from the regional community. Substantially more employment via indirect support for the operations
-
Significant business opportunities with a key focus on Aboriginal participation
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Minimal environmental impact
-
Extensive stakeholder engagement has been undertaken generating overwhelming community support
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Intergenerational job and training opportunities from a mine with a very long life
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19
THUNDERBIRD KEY TARGETS & NEXT STEPS[1 ]
KEY TARGETS
ACHIEVED AND TARGETED
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BFS – announced early 2017 • Secure exclusive port access completed
Native Title Agreement 2016/17 • Appointment of BFS Study Manager completed
Environmental permitting 2017 • 40t bulk sample met test work completed
Off-take partner discussions 2016/17 • Flow sheet optimisation completed
Funding options assessed 2016/17 • Ore Reserve completed
Exploration drilling 2017 • Environmental process commenced
Partner identified 2016/17 • Native Title Agreement and Permitting commenced
Construction commences 2017 • Marketing Manager appointed
Commissioning 2018 • Debt Advisor appointed
First export 2019 • Off-take partner discussions commenced
BFS Final PER Commission
Off-take
2016 2017
2018
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Funding
Native Title Construction
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-
BFS – announced early 2017
-
Native Title Agreement 2016/17
-
• Environmental permitting 2017 • Off-take partner discussions 2016/17 • Funding options assessed 2016/17 • Exploration drilling 2017 • Partner identified 2016/17 • Construction commences 2017 • Commissioning 2018 • First export 2019
20
1 There is no guarantee that these targets and steps will be achieved.
KEY INVESTMENT HIGHLIGHTS
-
Tier 1, high grade, large scale mineral sands project in a stable jurisdiction
-
Among the world’s largest and highest grade deposits
-
Located in the world’s best mining jurisdiction
-
Well advanced asset – BFS nearing completion
-
BFS 70% complete, release early 2017
-
Technically simple project utilising conventional mining and processing methods
-
Targeting low strip ratio (<0.7:1.0)
-
Premium zircon and ilmenite products
-
Robust metallurgical test program
-
Targeted very strong cash flows over multi-decade (+40 year) mine life
-
Targeted revenue to cash cost ratio of 2:1 across LOM provides strong cash margins
-
Logistics and export infrastructure potential
-
Port access agreement in place and close proximity to key Asian markets
-
Favourable mineral sands market dynamics
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Project commissioning targeted in late 2018
21
APPENDIX 1
THUNDERBIRD DEPOSIT ORE RESERVES[1,2]
Valuable Heavy Mineral (VHM) in-situ grade
| Ore Reserve Category |
Ore Tonnes (millions) In-situ HM Tonnes (millions) HM Grade (%) |
Valuable HM Grade (In-situ)2 Slimes (%) Osize (%) Zircon % HiTi Leuc % Leuc % Ilmenite % |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Proved | 115.1 15.8 13.7 |
1.01 0.29 0.28 3.67 17.3 12.7 |
|
| Probable | 567.6 61.9 10.9 |
0.85 0.27 0.29 3.03 16.1 10.2 |
|
| Total | 682.7 77.1 11.3 |
0.88 0.27 0.29 3.14 16.3 10.6 |
Mineral assemblage as percentage of HM grade
| Ore Reserve Category |
Ore Tonnes (millions) In-situ HM Tonnes (millions) HM Grade (%) |
Mineral Assemblage3 Slimes (%) Osize (%) Zircon (%) HiTi Leuc (%) Leuc (%) Ilmenite (%) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Proved | 115.1 15.8 13.7 |
7.4 2.1 2.1 26.8 17.3 12.7 |
|
| Probable | 567.6 61.9 10.9 |
7.8 2.5 2.6 27.9 16.1 10.2 |
|
| Total | 682.7 77.1 11.3 |
7.7 2.4 2.5 27.7 16.3 10.6 |
1 Calculations have been rounded to the nearest 100,000 t, 0.1 % grade. Differences may occur due to rounding. Ore Reserves are based upon the published July 2015 Mineral Resource, reported by economic cut-off with appropriate consideration of modifying factors, costs, mineral assemblage, process recoveries and product pricing.
2The in-situ grade is determined by multiplying the HM Grade by the percentage of each valuable heavy mineral within the heavy mineral assemblage.
3 Mineral Assemblage is reported as a percentage of HM Grade, it is derived by dividing the in-situ grade for each mineral by the HM grade.
22
APPENDIX 1
THUNDERBIRD DEPOSIT MINERAL RESOURCE[1,2]
| Cut-off (HM%) |
Mineral Resource Category |
Material Tonnes (millions) In-situ HM Tonnes (millions) HM Grade (%) |
ValuableHMGrade (In-situ)3 Slimes (%) Osize (%) Zircon (%) HiTi Leuc (%) Leuc (%) Ilmenite (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| > 3% HM | Measured | 510 45 8.9 |
0.71 0.20 0.19 2.4 18 12 |
| Indicated | 2,120 140 6.6 |
0.55 0.18 0.20 1.8 16 9 |
|
| Inferred | 600 38 6.3 |
0.53 0.17 0.20 1.7 15 8 |
|
| Total | 3,230 223 6.9 |
0.57 0.18 0.20 1.9 16 9 |
|
| >7.5% HM | Measured | 220 32 14.5 |
1.07 0.31 0.27 3.9 16 15 |
| Indicated | 640 76 11.8 |
0.90 0.28 0.25 3.3 14 11 |
|
| Inferred | 180 20 10.8 |
0.87 0.27 0.26 3.0 13 9 |
|
| Total | 1,050 127 12.2 |
0.93 0.28 0.26 3.3 15 11 |
|
| Cut-off (HM%) |
Mineral Resource Category |
Material Tonnes (millions) In-situ HM Tonnes (millions) HM Grade (%) |
Mineral Assemblage4 Slimes (%) Osize (%) Zircon (%) HiTi Leuc (%) Leuc (%) Ilmenite (%) |
| > 3% HM | Measured | 510 45 8.9 |
8.0 2.3 2.2 27 18 12 |
| Indicated | 2,120 140 6.6 |
8.4 2.7 3.1 28 16 9 |
|
| Inferred | 600 38 6.3 |
8.4 2.6 3.2 28 15 8 |
|
| Total | 3,230 223 6.9 |
8.3 2.6 2.9 28 16 9 |
|
| >7.5% HM | Measured | 220 32 14.5 |
7.4 2.1 1.9 27 16 15 |
| Indicated | 640 76 11.8 |
7.6 2.4 2.1 28 14 11 |
|
| Inferred | 180 20 10.8 |
8.0 2.5 2.4 28 13 9 |
|
| Total | 1,050 127 12.2 |
7.6 2.3 2.1 27 15 11 |
THUNDERBIRD DEPOSIT CONTAINED VALUABLE HM (VHM) IN MINERAL RESOURCES[1,2,5 ]
| Cut-off (HM%) |
Mineral Resource Category Zircon Tonnes (thousands) HiTi Leucoxene Tonnes (thousands) Leucoxene Tonnes (thousands) Ilmenite Tonnes (thousands) Total VHM Tonnes (thousands) |
|---|---|
| >3% HM | Measured 3,600 1,000 1,000 12,000 17,700 Indicated 11,800 3,800 4,300 39,100 59,000 Inferred 3,200 1,000 1,200 10,500 15,900 Total 18,600 5,900 6,500 61,700 92,600 |
| >7.5% HM | Measured 2,300 700 600 8,400 12,000 Indicated 5,800 1,800 1,600 21,000 30,200 Inferred 1,600 500 500 5,600 8,200 Total 9,700 3,000 2,700 35,000 50,400 |
1The Thunderbird Mineral Resources are reported inclusive of (not additional to) Ore Reserves. The Mineral Resource reported above 3% HM cut-off is inclusive of (not additional to) the Mineral Resource reported above 7.5% HM cut-off. Mineral Resources for the Dampier Project were prepared and first disclosed under the JORC Code 2012.[2] All tonnages and grades have been rounded to reflect the relative accuracy and confidence level of each estimate and to maintain consistency throughout the table, therefore the sum of columns may not equal.[3] The in-situ grade is determined by multiplying the HM Grade by the percentage of each valuable heavy mineral within the heavy mineral assemblage.[4] The Mineral Assemblage is represented as the percentage of HM grade. For Dampier the mineral assemblage was determined by screening and magnetic separation. Magnetic fractions were analysed by QEMSCAN for mineral determination as follows: >90% liberation and; Ilmenite 40-70% TiO2; Leucoxene 70-94% TiO2; High Titanium Leucoxene (HiTi Leucoxene) >94% TiO2 and Zircon 66.7% ZrO2+HfO2. The non-magnetic fraction was analysed by XRF and minerals determined as follows: Zircon ZrO2+HfO2/0.667 and HiTi Leucoxene TiO2/0.94.[5] The VHM resource inventory is derived from information in the Mineral Resource table.
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APPENDIX 2
THUNDERBIRD HIGH GRADE MINERAL RESOURCE AT 7.5% HM CUT-OFF
| Mineral Resources1 | Mineral Resources1 | Valuable HM Grade (in situ)2 | Valuable HM Grade (in situ)2 | Valuable HM Grade (in situ)2 | Valuable HM Grade (in situ)2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Resource | Material Mt |
HM % |
Zircon % |
HiTi Leuc % |
Leucoxene % |
Ilmenite % |
| Measured | 220 | 14.5 | 1.07 | 0.31 | 0.27 | 3.9 |
| Indicated | 640 | 11.8 | 0.90 | 0.28 | 0.25 | 3.3 |
| Inferred | 180 | 10.8 | 0.87 | 0.27 | 0.26 | 3.0 |
| Total | 1,050 | 12.2 | 0.93 | 0.28 | 0.26 | 3.3 |
Globally Significant > 1Bt at 12.2% HM
Measured + Indicated > 80% of Resource
Refer to Appendix 1 for full Resources Tabulation. Tonnes have been rounded to reflect the relative accuracy and confidence level of the estimate.
The in situ grade is determined by multiplying the percentage of HM by the percentage of each valuable heavy mineral within the heavy mineral assemblage.
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