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Ovostar Union PLC

Interim / Quarterly Report Nov 15, 2021

5746_rns_2021-11-15_6ac5a161-a49e-42bc-961c-cb7e3f081e63.pdf

Interim / Quarterly Report

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OVOSTAR UNION

CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED NTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE 9 MONTHS ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER 2021

Contents

BoD Statement 3
Interim Management Report 4
Consolidated Condensed Interim Statement of Comprehensive Income 7
Consolidated Condensed Interim Statement of Financial Position 8
Consolidated Condensed Interim Statement of Changes in Equity 9
Consolidated Condensed Interim Statement of Cash Flows 10
Notes to the Consolidated Condensed Interim Financial Statements 11

Statement of the Board of Directors

Members of the Board of Directors of Ovostar Union Public Company Limited in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Law providing for transparency requirements in relation to information about issuers whose shares are admitted to trading on a regulated market (L.190 (Ι)/2007—"Transparency Law") herewith confirms that to the best of their knowledge the present unaudited interim consolidated condensed financial statements for the nine months ended 30 September 2021

  • a) have been prepared in accordance with the International Financial Reporting Standard as adopted by the European Union; and
  • b) give a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and profit or loss of the issuer, and the undertakings included in the consolidated accounts as a whole.

12 November 2021

Nicosia, Cyprus

………………………………… Borys Bielikov Chief Executive Officer, Executive Director

………………………………… Vitalii Veresenko Chairman of the Board, Non-executive Director

………………………………… Karen Arshakyan Head of Audit Committee, Non-executive Director

………………………………… Sergii Karpenko Non-executive Director

Operational Performance

Egg Segment

Production

As of 30 September 2021 total flock of the Company was 8.0 mln (2020: 8.1 mln heads). The laying flock was 6.6 mln heads (2020: 6.9 mln heads).

Over the nine months of 2021 1 254 mln eggs were produced (2020: 1 236 mln eggs).

Egg Products Segment

Production

In the reporting period 376 mln eggs were processed (2020: 459 mln eggs). The output of dry and liquid egg products was 2 134 tons (-18% Y-o-Y) and 10 122 tons (- 11% Y-o-Y) respectively.

Sales

Sales volume of shell eggs totaled to 844 mln (2020: 768 mln eggs). Export sales in egg segment equaled 209 mln eggs or 25% of the total sales volume (2020: 266 mln eggs and 35% respectively).

Average selling price of shell eggs increased by 38% Y-o-Y to 0.076 USD/egg (2020: 0.055 USD/egg).

Sales

Sales volume of dry egg products equaled 2 512 tons (+4% Y-o-Y), out of which 1 704 tons, or 68%, were exported (2020: 1 705 tons and 71% respectively).

Sales volume of liquid egg products equaled 10 233 tons (-7% Y-o-Y), out of which 2 876 tons, or 28%, were exported (2020: 3 521 tons and 32% respectively).

Average selling price of dry egg products increased by 19% Y-o-Y to 4.80 USD/kg (2020: 4.05 USD/kg); average selling price of liquid egg products rose by 34% Y-o-Y to 1.67 USD/kg (2020: 1.24 USD/kg).

Financial Result

Revenue

Total revenue for the nine months of 2021 amounted to USD 94.4 mln, which is by USD 26.5 mln, or by 39%, exceeds the level of the nine months of 2020 (9M 2020: USD 67.8 mln). The increase is accounted for by a) larger sales volume of shell eggs as compared to the previous year (+10% Y-o-Y); b) increase of prices of shell eggs (+38% Y-o-Y) and eggs products (+19% Y-o-Y for dry eggs products, +34% Y-o-Y for liquid egg products).

During the 9 months 2021 shell eggs segment contributed USD 65.0 mln, or 69%, to the total revenue. The contribution of egg products segment made up USD 29.3 mln, or 31%. The share of revenues from export sales in 9M 2021 was 30% (9M 2020: 43%).

cost of sales and gross profit

Cost of sales in the reporting period was USD 81.6 mln vs. USD 57.6 mln in 2020. The increase is explained by the substantial rise in prices of main feed components, i.e. corn and wheat. Gross profit for the 9M 2021 equaled USD 10.9 mln (9M 2020: USD 10.4 mln).

Operating profit and EBITDA

Operating profit in the 9M 2021 was by 51% lower than in the nine months of 2020 and totaled to USD 2.2 mln (9M 2020: USD 4.5 mln). EBITDA fell by 29% Y-o-Y to USD 5.4 mln (9M 2020: USD 7.6 mln).

Net profit

Net profit for the reporting period equaled USD 2.8 mln demonstrating 25% decrease as compared to the 9M 2020 (USD 3.8 mln).

Marginality

For the 9M 2021 the margins were as follows:

EBITDA Margin 6% (2020: 11%);
Gross Profit Margin 12% (2020: 15%);
Net Profit Margin 3% (2020: 6%).

Other Substantial Information

Principal risks and uncertainties

The management of the Group on a regular basis take all steps to monitor, identify and mitigate risks that may have adverse effect on the operations and believe that the main risks and uncertainties indicated in the Group's annual report 2020 (p.20-24) will remain relevant for the remaining six months of the financial year.

Special attention has been given to the COVID-19 related risks. In particular, in June 2021 a workplace vaccination program was launched to protect the company's employees.

declaration of income from non-recurring or extraordinary activities

In the nine months of 2021 the Company did not receive any income from non-recurring or extraordinary activities.

indication of important events that have occurred in the reporting period

During the nine months ended 30 september 2021 there were no events of material significance for the Company's operations.

related parties' transactions

In the reporting period no related parties' transactions occurred. Respective disclosure can be found in Note 22 to the consolidated condensed interim financial statements.

………………………………… Borys Bielikov Chief Executive Officer, Executive Director

………………………………… Vitalii Veresenko Chairman of the Board, Non-executive Director

………………………………… Karen Arshakyan Head of Audit Committee, Non-executive Director

………………………………… Sergii Karpenko Non-executive Director

STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR THE NINE MONTHS ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER 2021 (IN USD THOUSAND, UNLESS OTHERWISE STATED)

9 months ended 9 months ended
Note 30 September 2021 30 September 2020
(unaudited) (unaudited)
Revenue from contracts with customers 8 94 364 67 824
Changes in fair value of biological assets 14 (1 805) 243
Cost of sales (81 601) (57 647)
Gross profit 10 958 10 420
Other operating income 9 433 2 323
Selling and distribution costs (5 907) (5 316)
Administrative expenses (2 747) (2 604)
Other operating expenses 10 (512) (315)
Operating profit 2 225 4 508
Finance costs (253) (764)
Finance income 873 57
Profit before tax 2 845 3 801
Income tax expense 13 2 (43)
Profit for the period 2 847 3 758
Other comprehensive income
Exchange differences on translation to presentation currency 6 748 (19 912)
Other comprehensive income for the period, net of tax 6 748 (19 912)
Total comprehensive income for the period, net of tax 9 595 (16 154)
Profit for the period attributable to:
Equity holders of the parent company 2 862 3 889
Non-controlling interests (15) (131)
Total profit for the period 2 847 3 758
Other comprehensive income attributable to:
Equity holders of the parent company 6 941 (19 586)
Non-controlling interests (193) (326)
Total other comprehensive income 6 748 (19 912)
Other comprehensive income attributable to:
Equity holders of the parent company 9 803 (15 697)
Non-controlling interests (208) (457)
Total comprehensive income 9 595 (16 154)
Earnings per share:
Equity holders of the parent company 6 000 000 6 000 000
Basic and diluted, profit for the period attributable to ordinary equity holders
of the parent (USD per share) 0,48 0,65

………………………………… Borys Bielikov Chief Executive Officer, Executive Director

………………………………… Vitalii Veresenko Chairman of the Board, Non-executive Director

………………………………… Karen Arshakyan Head of Audit Committee, Non-executive Director

………………………………… Sergii Karpenko Non-executive Director

STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION FOR THE NINE MONTHS ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER 2021 (IN USD THOUSAND, UNLESS OTHERWISE STATED)

Note 30 September 2021 31 December 2020 30 September 2020
(unaudited) (audited) (unaudited)
Assets
Non-current assets
Biological assets 14 47 872 40 234 42 188
Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets 15 48 193 47 943 48 731
Deferred tax assets 1 11 29
Other non-current assets 7 20 26
Total non-current assets 96 073 88 208 90 974
Current assets
Inventories 16 11 212 13 216 11 085
Biological assets 14 17 432 11 138 8 982
Trade and other receivables 17 14 516 15 866 13 118
Prepayments to suppliers 2 121 1 233 1 155
Prepayments for income tax 29 27 26
Cash and cash equivalents 18 619 1 626 1 125
Total current assets 45 929 43 106 35 491
Total assets 142 002 131 314 126 465
Equity and liabilities
Equity
Issued capital 19 70 74 70
Share premium 30 933 30 933 30 933
Foreign currency translation reserve (123 013) (129 954) (130 687)
Retained earnings 202 633 199 931 199 931
Result for the period 2 862 2 702 3 889
Equity attributable to equity holders of the parent 113 485 103 686 104 136
Non-controlling interests 7 510 718 662
Total equity 113 995 104 404 104 798
Non-current liabilities
Interest-bearing loans and other financial liabilities 20 6 682 5 172 3 585
Deferred tax liability 313 312 226
Total non-current liabilities 6 995 5 484 3 811
Current liabilities
Trade and other payables 21 13 063 12 378 9 160
Deferred income 3 132 3 149 2 246
Advances received 704 306 497
Interest-bearing loans and other financial liabilities 20 4 113 5 593 5 953
Total current liabilities 21 012 21 426 17 856
Total liabilities 28 007 26 910 21 667
Total equity and liabilities 142 002 131 314 126 465

………………………………… Borys Bielikov Chief Executive Officer, Executive Director

………………………………… Vitalii Veresenko Chairman of the Board, Non-executive Director

………………………………… Karen Arshakyan Head of Audit Committee, Non-executive Director

………………………………… Sergii Karpenko Non-executive Director

STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY FOR THE NINE MONTHS ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER 2021 (IN USD THOUSAND, UNLESS OTHERWISE STATED)

Issued
capital
Share
premium
Foreign
currency
translatio
n reserve
Retained
earnings
Result
for the
period
Total Non
controlling
interests
Total equity
As at 31 December 2019 (audited) 78 30 933 (111 110) 219 945 (20 014) 119 832 1 119 120 951
Profit for the period - - - - 3 889 3 889 (131) 3 758
Other comprehensive income - - (19 585) - - (19 585) (326) (19 911)
Total comprehensive income - - (19 585) - 3 889 (15 696) (457) (16 153)
Allocation of prior period result - - - (20 014) 20 014 - - -
Dividends - - - - - - - -
Exchange differences (8) - 8 - - - - -
As at 30 September 2020 (unaudited) 70 30 933 (130 687) 199 931 3 889 104 136 662 104 798
As at 31 December 2020 (audited) 74 30 933 (129 954) 199 931 2 702 103 686 718 104 404
Profit for the period - - - - 2 862 2 862 (15) 2 847
Other comprehensive income - - 6 937 - - 6 937 (193) 6 744
Total comprehensive income - - 6 937 - 2 862 9 799 (208) 9 591
Allocation of prior period result - - - 2 702 (2 702) - - -
Dividends - - - - - - - -
Exchange differences (4) - 4 - - - - -
As at 30 September 2021 (unaudited) 70 30 933 (123 013) 202 633 2 862 113 485 510 113 995

………………………………… Borys Bielikov Chief Executive Officer, Executive Director

………………………………… Vitalii Veresenko Chairman of the Board, Non-executive Director

………………………………… Karen Arshakyan Head of Audit Committee, Non-executive Director

………………………………… Sergii Karpenko Non-executive Director

STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS FOR THE NINE MONTHS ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER 2021 (IN USD THOUSAND, UNLESS OTHERWISE STATED)

Note 9 months ended
30 September
(unaudited)
9 months ended
30 September 2020
(unaudited)
Operating activities
Profit before tax
Non-cash adjustment to reconcile profit before tax to net cash flows:
2 845 3 801
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment and amortisation of
intangible assets
11 3 183 3 119
Net change in fair value of biological assets 14 1 805 (243)
Disposal of property, plant and equipment 2 1
Disposal of biological assets 1 885 1 447
Finance income (589) (57)
Finance costs 253 764
Recovery of assets previously written-off 9 (63) (3)
Government subsidies (211) (339)
Impairment of doubtful accounts receivable and prepayments to suppliers 10 466 -
Working capital adjustments:
Decrease in trade and other receivables 1 414 2 610
Decrease/(Increase) in prepayments to suppliers (794) 578
Decrease in other non-current assets 14 70
Decrease/(Increase) in inventories 2 814 (519)
(Increase) in trade and other payables and advances received 308 182
Net cash flows from operating activities 13 331 11 411
Investing activities
Purchase of property, plant and equipment (580) (2 302)
Increase in biological assets 14 (13 848) (10 450)
Net cash flows used in investing activities (14 428) (12 752)
Financing activities
Proceeds from borrowings 1 790 2 197
Repayment of borrowings (1 274) (3 631)
Interest received 10 41
Interest paid (160) (210)
Payment of dividends - -
Net cash flows used in financing activities 366 (1 603)
Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents (731) (2 944)
Effect from translation into presentation currency (277) (409)
Cash and cash equivalents at 01 January 1 626 4 478
Cash and cash equivalents at 30September 619 1 125

For translating results and financial position into a presentation currency, the Group applies IAS 21 "The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates". Procedures and rules applied by the Group are specified in Note 2.3.

………………………………… Borys Bielikov Chief Executive Officer, Executive Director

………………………………… Vitalii Veresenko Chairman of the Board, Non-executive Director

………………………………… Karen Arshakyan Head of Audit Committee, Non-executive Director

………………………………… Sergii Karpenko Non-executive Director

1. Corporate information

Ovostar Union Public Company Limited (referred to herein as the "Company") is a limited liability company incorporated on 22 March 2011 in Amsterdam under the laws of the Netherlands. Following resolution of the Extraordinary Meeting of Shareholders held in Amsterdam on 30 August 2018 the Company was redomiciled to Cyprus and on 29 November 2018 was registered with the Register of Companies of the Republic of Cyprus as a company continuing in the Republic of Cyprus. As of 31 March 2021 the Company's registered address is 22 Ierotheou Street, Strovolos, Nicosia 2028, Cyprus.

Principal activities of the Group include egg production, distribution, egg products manufacturing and production of related products. The largest shareholder of the Company is Prime One Capital Ltd., Cyprus whose principal activity is the holding of ownership interests in its subsidiary and strategic management.

The Group operates through a number of subsidiaries in Ukraine, Latvia, United Arab Emirates and British Virgin Islands (the list of the subsidiaries is disclosed in Note 7) and has a concentration of its business in Ukraine, where its production facilities are located. Subsidiary companies are registered under the laws of Ukraine, British Virgin Islands, Latvia and United Arab Emirates. The registered address and principal place of business of the subsidiary companies in Ukraine is 34 Petropavlivska Street, Kyiv, Ukraine.

Information on other related party relationships of the Group is provided in Note 22.

The consolidated condensed interim financial statements for the nine months ended 30 September 2021 were authorized by The Board of Directors on 12 November 2021.

2. Basis of preparation

2.1. Statement of compliance and basis of measurement

The consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union ("IFRS EU" hereinafter).

The companies of the Group maintain their accounting records under Ukrainian Accounting Standards ("UAS" hereinafter). UAS principles and procedures may differ from those generally accepted under IFRS EU. Accordingly, the consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared from the Group entities' UAS records, reflect adjustments necessary for such financial statements to be presented in accordance with IFRS EU.

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis except for the following items, which are measured on an alternative basis on each reporting date.

Items Measurement basis Biological assets Fair value less costs to sell

Details of the Group accounting policies are included in Note 5.

2.2. Going concern basis

The consolidated financial statements are prepared on a going concern basis, under which assets are sold and liabilities are repaid in the ordinary course of business.

Assessing the ability of the companies of the Group to continue as a going concern the management have focused on the following key factors that are crucial for maintaining liquidity – 1) the Group's potential to generate positive cash-flow and 2) availability of external financing.

The management have elaborated comprehensive operational and financial forecasts for the 12 months period after the reporting date. The estimated net cash-flow is expected to be sufficient for the Group to continue as a going concern.

As of 30 September 2021 the companies of the Group had unutilized credit facilities in total amount of EUR 6 600thousand available on demand.

The credit facility provided by OTP bank (Ukraine) has the total limit of EUR 6 300 thousand, the unused portion is EUR 2 600 thousand, that is fully collaterized. The date of repayment is October 2024, the interest rate is fixed at the level of 3% p.a.+ EURIBOR. Apart from that, companies of the Group can make draw-downs from the overdraft facility provided by the bank in the maximum amount of UAH 20 000 thousand.

The credit facility provided by UkrSibbank (Ukraine) has the total limit of EUR 5 000 thousand, the unused portion is EUR 2 554 thousand. The date of repayment is March 2022, the interest rate is fixed at the level of 2,65% p.a. + EURIBOR. Apart from that, companies of the Group can make draw-downs from the overdraft facility provided by the bank in the max amount of UAH 50 000 thousand.

The revolving credit facility provided by Prime One Capital Ltd (Cyprus) in total amount of EUR 6 000 thousand, the unused portion is EUR 4 000 thousand, provides for the repayment date July 2024 and fixed interest rate 3% p.a.

Taking into account the above, the management have grounds to believe that in the reasonably foreseeable future the Group will have sufficient resources to cover its operational needs and fulfill its contractual obligations, thus a going concern basis is applicable to the present financial statements.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements do not include adjustments that would need to be made in case if the Group was unable to continue as a going concern.

2.3. Functional and presentation currency

The functional currency of the Company is U.S. dollar (USD). The consolidated financial statements are presented in the Company's functional currency, that is, U.S. dollar (USD). The operating subsidiaries have Ukrainian Hryvnia (UAH) as their functional currency. All values are rounded to the nearest thousands, except when otherwise is indicated.

The USD has been selected as the presentation currency for the Group as: (a) management of the Group manages business risks and exposures, and measures the performance of its businesses in the USD; (b) the USD is widely used as a presentation currency of companies engaged primarily in agricultural; and (c) the USD is the most convenient presentation currency for non-Ukrainian users of these IFRS consolidated financial statements.

The Group translates its results and financial position into the presentation currency as follows:

  • assets and liabilities, as well as the issued capital, for each statement of financial position presented (i.e. including comparatives) shall be translated at the closing rate at the date of that statement of financial position;
  • income and expenses for each statement of comprehensive income or separate income statement presented (i.e.
  • including comparatives) shall be translated at exchange rates at the dates of the transactions; and
  • all resulting exchange differences shall be recognized in other comprehensive income.

During nine months ended 30 September 2021 and 2020, the exchange rate had significant fluctuations. Consistent with IAS 21, if exchange rates fluctuate significantly, the use of the average rate for a period is inappropriate. Considering significant depreciation of Ukrainian currency against major foreign currencies and seasonality of sales, Management of the Group decided to translate income and expense items at average quarterly rates. On consolidation, the assets and liabilities of the subsidiaries are translated at exchange rates prevailing on the reporting date. Income and expense items are translated at the average quarterly rates, unless the exchange rates fluctuate significantly during that period, in which case the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions are used. Exchange differences arising, if any, are recognized in "Other comprehensive income" and accumulated in the "Foreign currency translation reserve".

Relevant exchange rates are presented as follows:

Closing rate as at
30 September 2021 31 December 2020 30 September 2020
(unaudited) (unaudited) (unaudited)
USD/UAH 27,1763 28,2746 28,2989
EUR/UAH 32,3018 34,7396 33,1309
USD/PLN 3,8035 3,7230 3,8634
USD/EUR 0,8418 0,8153 0,8528
Average rate
1st quarter
2021
(unaudited)
2d quarter
2021
(unaudited)
3d quarter
2021
(unaudited)
1st quarter
2020
(unaudited)
2d quarter
2020
(unaudited)
3d quarter
2020
(unaudited)
USD/UAH 27,9694 27,5910 26,9110 25,0525 26,9143 27,5996
EUR/UAH 33,7569 33,2332 31,7388 27,6154 29,6028 32,2429
USD/PLN 3,7675 3,7582 3,8700 3,9226 4,1000 3,7995
USD/EUR 0,8296 0,8301 0,8481 0,9069 0,9087 0,8557

3. Basis of consolidation

The consolidated financial statements comprise the financial statements of the Group and its subsidiaries as at 30 September 2021. Control is achieved when the Group is exposed, or has rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the investee and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the investee. Specifically, the Group controls an investee if, and only if, the Group has:

  • power over the investee (i.e., existing rights that give it the current ability to direct the relevant activities of the investee);
  • exposure, or rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the investee;
  • the ability to use its power over the investee to affect itsreturns.

Generally, there is a presumption that a majority of voting rights result in control. To support this presumption and when the Group has less than a majority of the voting or similar rights of an investee, the Group considers all relevant facts and circumstances in assessing whether it has power over an investee, including:

  • the contractual arrangement with the other vote holders of the investee;
  • rights arising from other contractual arrangements;
  • the Group's voting rights and potential voting rights.

The Group re-assesses whether or not it controls an investee if facts and circumstances indicate that there are changes to one or more of the three elements of control. Consolidation of a subsidiary begins when the Group obtains control over the subsidiary and ceases when the Group loses control of the subsidiary. Assets, liabilities, income and expenses of a subsidiary acquired or disposed of during the year are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date the Group gains control until the date the Group ceases to control the subsidiary.

Profit or loss and each component of other comprehensive income (OCI) are attributed to the equity holders of the parent of the Group and to the non-controlling interests, even if this results in the non-controlling interests having a deficit balance. When necessary, adjustments are made to the financial statements of subsidiaries to bring their accounting policies into line with the Group's accounting policies. All intra-group assets and liabilities, equity, income, expenses and cash flows relating to transactions between members of the Group are eliminated in full on consolidation.

A change in the ownership interest of a subsidiary, without a loss of control, is accounted for as an equity transaction.

If the Group loses control over a subsidiary, it derecognizes the related assets (including goodwill), liabilities, non- controlling interest and other components of equity while any resultant gain or loss is recognized in profit or loss. Any investment retained is recognized at fair value.

4. Use of estimates and assumptions

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities, at the end of the reporting period. However, due to uncertainty about these estimates, actual results recorded in future periods may differ from such estimates.

These consolidated financial statements include management's estimates regarding the value of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses, and recognized contractual obligations. These estimates mainly include:

4.1. Impairment of property, plant and equipment

In accordance with IAS 36 "Impairment of Assets" the Group reviews the carrying amount of non-current tangible assets (mainly property, plant and equipment) to identify signs of impairment of these assets.

If there is an indication that an asset may be impaired, the Group uses a model of strategic planning in order to calculate the discounted cash flows (using the "value in use" method, as defined in IAS 36) and, thus, assess the recoverability of the carrying amount of property, plant and equipment. The model was based on budgets and forecasts approved by the management for the next 5 years.

Expected future cash flows reflect long-term production plans formed on the basis of past experience and market expectations. The plans take into account all relevant characteristics of poultry farming, including egg production, volume of egg processing, prices for main components of mixed fodder. Thus, the production capacity is the basis for forecasting the future production volume for each subsequent year and related production costs.

Levels of costs included in projected cash flows are based on current long-term production plans. When conducting impairment testing, recent levels of costs are taken into account, as well as the expected cost changes based on the current condition of operating activities and in accordance with the requirements of IAS 36. IAS 36 provides a number of restrictions on future cash flows, which may be recognized in respect of future restructuring and capital modernization expenses.

Below are the key assumptions that formed the basis for forecasting future cash flows in the models:

  • prices for main components of mixed fodder are based on internal forecasts of the Group's management;
  • production data (production of eggs,safety of livestock, meat production volume, production of egg products) based
  • on internal forecasts of the Group's management from past experience;
  • selling prices for eggs, egg products and poultry meat are based on forecasts of the Group's management and market expectations.

Management believes that calculations of the recoverable amount are most sensitive to changes in such assumptions as the price of poultry meat, price of eggs and eggs product, price of poultry fodder and production data. Management believes that any reasonably possible change in key assumptions on which the recoverable amount of the Group is based will not cause the excess of carrying amount of the Group over its recoverable amount.

Application of IAS 36 requires extensive judgments by the management regarding estimates and assumptions related to future cash flows and discount rate. Given the nature of the current global economic environment, such assumptions and estimates have a high degree of uncertainty. Therefore, other similar assumptions may lead to significantly different results.

4.2. Fair value of biological assets

Estimation of fair value of biological assets is based on the discounted cash flow model. The fair value of biological assets might be affected by the fact that the actual future cash flows will differ from the current forecast, which typically occurs as a result of significant changes in any factors or assumptions used in the calculations.

Among such factors are:

  • differences between actual prices and price assumptions used in estimating net realizable value of eggs;
  • changes in productivity of laying hens;
  • unforeseen operational problems inherent in the branch specificity;
  • age of hens at the end of the reporting period;
  • changes in production costs, costs of processing and products sales, discount and inflation rates and exchange rates that could adversely affect the fair value of biological assets.

The key assumptions concerning biological assets based on discounted cash flow approach are presented as follows:

  • cost planning at each stage of poultry farming will remain constant in futureperiods;
  • egg production volume will not be significantly changed;
  • egg sale price in future periods;
  • long-term inflation rate of Ukrainian UAH in future periods;
  • discount rate for determining the present value of future cash flows expected from the biological assets (Note 17).

Management determined that calculations of the fair value of biological assets are the most sensitive to changes in such assumptions as the volume of egg production, cost planning and prices of eggs, eggs product and poultry meat. Management believes that any reasonably possible change in key assumptions will not cause any significant change in the fair value of biological assets.

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the consolidated financial statements are categorized within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

  • Level 1: Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
  • Level 2: Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable

• Level 3: Valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurementis unobservable.

Although some of these assumptions are obtained from published market data, the majority of these assumptions are estimated based on the Group's historical and projected results.

Fair value related disclosures for financial instruments and non-financial assets that are measured at fair value or where fair values are disclosed, are summarized in Notes 17, 32.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.

The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:

  • In the principal market for the asset or liability. Or
  • In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability.

4.3. Expected credit losses

Financial assets of the Group that are subject to IFRS 9's expected credit loss model are represented by trade receivables. The Group applies the IFRS 9 simplified approach to measuring expected credit losses which uses a lifetime expected loss allowance for all trade and other receivables and contract assets. Cash and cash equivalents are also subject to the impairment requirements of IFRS 9, the identified impairment loss was immaterial.

4.4. Useful lives of property, plant and equipment

The Group estimates useful lives of property, plant and equipment at least at the end of each financial year and, if expectations differ from previous estimates, changes are recorded as changes in accounting estimates in accordance with IAS 8 "Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors". These estimates can have a significant impact on the carrying amount of property, plant and equipment and depreciation expenses during the period.

4.5. Deferred tax assets

Deferred tax assets are recognized for all unused tax losses to the extent that the inflow of taxable profit is possible, at the expense of which these losses may be implemented. Significant judgments are required from the management in determining the amount of deferred tax assets that can be recognized on the basis of the possible terms of receipt and the level of future taxable profit together with the future tax planning strategy.

5. Summary of significant accounting policies

5.1. Recognition and measurement of financial instruments

Financial instruments: key measurement terms

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The best evidence of fair value is the price in an active market. An active market is one in which transactions for the asset or liability take place with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.

Fair value of financial instruments traded in an active market is measured as the product of the quoted price for the individual asset or liability and the number of instruments held by the entity. This is the case even if a market's normal daily trading volume is not sufficient to absorb the quantity held and placing orders to sell the position in a single transaction might affect the quoted price.

Valuation techniques such as discounted cash flow models or models based on recent arm's length transactions or consideration of financial data of the investees are used to measure fair value of certain financial instruments for which external market pricing information is not available. Fair value measurements are analysed by level in the fair value hierarchy as follows:

  • Level 1: Measurements at quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities,
  • Level 2: Valuations techniques with all material inputs observable for the asset or liability, either directly (that is, as prices) or indirectly (that is, derived from prices), and
  • Level 3: Valuations not based on solely observable market data (that is, the measurement requires significant unobservable inputs).

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Transaction costs are incremental costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, issue or disposal of a financial

instrument. An incremental cost is one that would not have been incurred if the transaction had not taken place. Transaction costs include fees and commissions paid to agents (including employees acting as selling agents), advisors, brokers and dealers, levies by regulatory agencies and securities exchanges, and transfer taxes and duties. Transaction costs do not include debt premiums or discounts, financing costs or internal administrative or holding costs.

Amortized cost is the amount at which the financial instrument was recognized at initial recognition less any principal repayments, plus accrued interest, and for financial assets less any write-down for incurred impairment losses. Accrued interest includes amortization of transaction costs deferred at initial recognition and of any premium or discount to the maturity amount using the effective interest method. Accrued interest income and accrued interest expense, including both accrued coupon and amortized discount or premium (including fees deferred at origination, if any), are not presented separately and are included in the carrying values of the related items in the consolidated statement of financial position.

The effective interest method is a method of allocating interest income or interest expense over the relevant period, so as to achieve a constant periodic rate of interest (effective interest rate) on the carrying amount. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments or receipts (excluding future credit losses) through the expected life of the financial instrument or a shorter period, if appropriate, to the gross carrying amount of the financial instrument. The effective interest rate discounts cash flows of variable interest instruments to the next interest repricing date, except for the premium or discount which reflects the credit spread over the floating rate specified in the instrument, or other variables that are not reset to market rates. Such premiums or discounts are amortized over the whole expected life of the instrument. The present value calculation includes all fees paid or received between parties to the contract that are an integral part of the effective interest rate.

Financial instruments: initial recognition

Financial instruments at fair value through profit or loss are initially recorded at fair value. All other financial instruments are initially recorded at fair value adjusted for transaction costs. Fair value at initial recognition is best evidenced by the transaction price. A gain or loss on initial recognition is only recorded if there is a difference between fair value and transaction price which can be evidenced by other observable current market transactions in the same instrument or by a valuation technique whose inputsinclude only data from observable markets. After the initial recognition, an ECL allowance is recognized for financial assets measured at amortized cost and investments in debt instruments measured at fair value through other comprehensive income, resulting in an immediate accounting loss.

All purchases and sales of financial assets that require delivery within the time frame established by regulation or market convention are recorded at trade date, which is the date on which the Group commits to deliver a financial asset. All other purchases are recognized when the entity becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

The Group uses discounted cash flow valuation techniques to determine the fair value of loans to related parties that are not traded in an active market. Differences may arise between the fair value at initial recognition, which is considered to be the transaction price, and the amount determined at initial recognition using a valuation technique with level 3 inputs. If any differences remain after calibration of model inputs, such differences are amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the currency swaps, loans to related parties. The differences are immediately recognized in profit or loss if the valuation uses only level 1 or level 2 inputs.

5.2. Financial assets

Financial assets: Classification and subsequent measurement: measurement categories

The Group classifies financial assets in the following measurement categories: FVTPL, FVOCI and AC. The classification and subsequent measurement of debt financial assets depends on:

  • 1) The Group's business model for managing the related assets portfolio and
  • 2) the cash flow characteristics of the asset.

As at 30 September 2021 and 30 September 2020 the Group did not hold financial assets at FVOCI.

Financial assets: Classification and subsequent measurement: business model

The business model reflects how the Group manages the assets in order to generate cash flows - whether the Group's objective is:

  • 1) solely to collect the contractual cash flows from the assets ("hold to collect contractual cash flows") or
  • 2) to collect both the contractual cash flows and the cash flows arising from the sale of assets ("hold to collect Contgoing conractual cash flows and sell") or, if neither of (i) and (ii) is applicable, the financial assets are classified as part of "other" business model and measured at FVTPL.

Business model is determined for a group of assets (on a portfolio level) based on all relevant evidence about the activities that the Group undertakes to achieve the objective set out for the portfolio available at the date of the assessment. Factors considered by the Group in determining the business model include the purpose and composition of a portfolio, past experience on how the cash flows for the respective assets were collected, how risks are assessed and managed, how the assets' performance is assessed and how managers are compensated.

Financial assets: Classification and subsequent measurement: cash flow characteristics

Where the business model is to hold assets to collect contractual cash flows or to hold contractual cash flows and sell, the Group assesses whether the cash flows represent solely payments of principal and interest ("SPPI"). Financial assets with embedded derivatives are considered in their entirety when determining whether their cash flows are consistent with the SPPI feature. In making this assessment, the Group considers whether the contractual cash flows are consistent with a basic lending arrangement, i.e. interest includes only consideration for credit risk, time value of money, other basic lending risks and profit margin.

Where the contractual termsintroduce exposure to risk or volatility that isinconsistent with a basic lending arrangement, the financial asset is classified and measured at FVTPL. The SPPI assessment is performed on initial recognition of an asset and it is not subsequently reassessed.

The Group holds the trade receivables with the objective to collect contractual cash flows and therefore measures them subsequently at amortized cost using the effective interest method. Details about the Group's impairment policies and the expected credit loss measurement are provided in Note 31.

Financial assets: Reclassification

Financial instruments are reclassified only when the business model for managing the portfolio as a whole changes. The reclassification has a prospective effect and takes place from the beginning of the first reporting period that follows after the change in the business model. The entity did not change its business model during the current and comparative period and did not make any reclassifications.

Financial assets: Credit loss allowance for ECL

The Group assesses, on a forward-looking basis, the ECL for debt instruments measured at AC and FVOCI and for the exposures arising from loan commitments and financial guarantee contracts, for contract assets. The Group measures ECL and recognizes Net impairment losses on financial and contract assets at each reporting date. The measurement of ECL reflects:

  • an unbiased and probability weighted amount that is determined by evaluating a range of possible outcomes,
  • time value of money and
  • all reasonable and supportable information that is available without undue cost and effort at the end of each reporting period about past events, current conditions and forecasts of futureconditions.

Financial assets of the Group that are subject to IFRS 9's new expected credit loss model are represented by trade receivables. The Group applies the IFRS 9 simplified approach to measuring expected credit losses which uses a lifetime expected loss allowance for all trade and other receivables and contract assets. Cash and cash equivalents are also subject to the impairment requirements of IFRS 9, the identified impairment loss was immaterial.

Financial assets: Write-off

Financial assets are written-off, in whole or in part, when the Group exhausted all practical recovery efforts and has concluded that there is no reasonable expectation of recovery. The write-off represents a derecognition event. Indicators that there is no reasonable expectation of recovery include:

  • the counterparty experiences a significant financial difficulty as evidenced by itsfinancial information that the Group obtains;
  • the counterparty considers bankruptcy or a financial reorganisation;
  • there is adverse change in the payment status of the counterparty as a result of changes in the national or local economic conditions that impact the counterparty.

The Group may write-off financial assets that are still subject to enforcement activity when the Group seeks to recover amounts that are contractually due, however, there is no reasonable expectation of recovery.

Financial assets: Derecognition

The Group derecognizes financial assets when (a) the assets are redeemed or the rights to cash flows from the assets otherwise expire or (b) the Group has transferred the rights to the cash flows from the financial assets or entered into a qualifying passthrough arrangement whilst (i) also transferring substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the assets or (ii) neither transferring nor retaining substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership but not retaining control.

Control is retained if the counterparty does not have the practical ability to sell the asset in its entirety to an unrelated third party without needing to impose additional restrictions on the sale.

Financial assets: Modification

The Group sometimes renegotiates or otherwise modifies the contractual terms of the financial assets. The Group assesses whether the modification of contractual cash flows is substantial considering, among other, the following factors: any new contractual terms that substantially affect the risk profile of the asset (e.g. profit share or equity-based return), significant change in interest rate, change in the currency denomination, new collateral or credit enhancement that significantly affects the credit risk associated with the asset or a significant extension of a loan when the borrower is not in financial difficulties.

If the modified terms are substantially different, the rights to cash flows from the original asset expire and the Group derecognizes the original financial asset and recognizes a new asset at its fair value. The date of renegotiation is considered to be the date of initial recognition for subsequent impairment calculation purposes, including determining whether a SICR has occurred. The Group also assesses whether the new loan or debt instrument meets the SPPI criterion. Any difference between the carrying amount of the original asset derecognized and fair value of the new substantially modified asset is recognized in profit or loss, unless the substance of the difference is attributed to a capital transaction with owners.

In a situation where the renegotiation was driven by financial difficulties of the counterparty and inability to make the originally agreed payments, the Group compares the original and revised expected cash flows to assets whether the risks and rewards of the asset are substantially different as a result of the contractual modification. If the risks and rewards do not change, the modified asset is not substantially different from the original asset and the modification does not result in derecognition. The Group recalculates the gross carrying amount by discounting the modified contractual cash flows by the original effective interest rate (or creditadjusted effective interest rate for POCI financial assets), and recognizes a modification gain or loss in profit or loss.

5.3. Effective interest rate method

The effective interest rate method is used to calculate the amortized cost of a financial asset and distribute interest income during the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that enables discounting of estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of a financial asset or a shorter period, if applicable.

Revenues relating to debt instruments are recorded using the effective interest rate method, except for financial assets at fair value through profit or loss.

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss - a financial asset is classified as at fair value through profit or loss if it is held for trading or designated at fair value through profit or loss.

5.4. Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand and cash in bank accounts and deposits with an original maturity date of nine months months or less and are stated at fair value.

5.5. Cash deposits

Cash deposits in the statement of financial position are held for the investment activities. For the purpose of the consolidated statement of cash flows, short-term deposits are included in the investing activities.

5.6. Impairment of financial assets

Financial assets, except for financial assets at fair value through profit or loss, at each reporting date are assessed for signs indicating impairment. Impairment loss is recognized when there is objective evidence of reduction of the estimated future cash flows on this asset as a result of one or more events that occurred after the financial asset was recorded in the accounting. For financial assets at amortized cost, the amount of impairment is calculated as the difference between the asset's carrying amount and present value of the expected future cash flows discounted using the effective interest rate. Impairment loss directly reduces the carrying amount of all financial assets, except for accounts receivable on principal activities, carrying amount of which is reduced due to the allowance formed. If the accounts

receivable on principal activities are uncollectible, they are written-off against the related allowance. Subsequently received reimbursements of amounts previously written-off are recorded in credit of the allowance account. Changes in the carrying amount of the allowance account are recorded in the profit and loss.

Except for equity instruments available for sale, if in a subsequent period the amount of impairment loss decreases and such decrease can be objectively related to an event occurring after the impairment was recognized, the impairment loss previously recognized is recovered by adjusting the itemsin the income statement. In this case, the carrying amount of financial investments at the date of recovery of impairment cannot exceed its amortized cost, which would be reflected in the case, if impairment was not recognized.

In respect of equity securities available for sale, any increase in fair value after recognition of impairment loss relates directly to equity.

5.7. Writing-off of financial assets

The Group writes-off a financial asset only if rights for cash flows under the corresponding contract terminated the treaty or if a financial asset and corresponding risks and rewards are transferred to other organization. If the Group does not transfer or retain all the principal risks and rewards of ownership of the asset and continues to control the transferred asset, it shall record its share in the asset and related liability in the amount of possible payment of corresponding amounts. If the Group retains all the principal risks and rewards of ownership of the transferred financial asset, it shall continue to account for the financial asset, and reflect a secured loan on income earned.

5.8. Financial liabilities and equity instruments issued by the Group

5.8.1. Accounting as liabilities or equity

Debt and equity financial instruments are classified as liabilities or equity based on the substance of the corresponding contractual obligations.

5.8.2. Equity instruments

Equity instrument is any contract confirming the right for a share in the company's assetsremaining after deduction of all its liabilities. Equity instruments issued by the Group are recorded in the amount of generated income net of direct expenses for their issue.

5.8.3. Liabilities under financial guarantee contracts

Liabilities under financial guarantee contracts are initially measured at fair value and subsequently recorded at the higher of:

  • cost of contractual obligations determined in accordance with IAS 37 "Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets", and
  • cost, less, where applicable, accumulated depreciation reflected in accordance with the principles of revenue recognition set forth below.

5.8.4. Financial liabilities

Financial liabilities - measurement categories

Financial liabilities are classified as subsequently measured at amortized cost, except for (i) financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss: this classification is applied to derivatives, financial liabilities held for trading (e.g. short positions in securities), contingent consideration recognized by an acquirer in a business combination and other financial liabilities designated as such at initial recognition and (ii) financial guarantee contracts and loan commitments. As of 30 September 2021 and 30 September 2020 the Group did not have financial guarantee contracts and loan commitments or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss.

Financial liabilities - derecognition

Financial liabilities are derecognised when they are extinguished (i.e. when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged, cancelled or expires).

An exchange between the Group and its original lenders of debt instruments with substantially different terms, as well as substantial modifications of the terms and conditions of existing financial liabilities, are accounted for as an extinguishment of the original financial liability and the recognition of a new financial liability. The terms are substantially different if the discounted present value of the cash flows under the new terms, including any fees paid net of any fees received and discounted using the original effective interest rate, is at least 10% different from the discounted present value of the remaining cash flows of the original financial liability. In addition, other

qualitative factors, such as the currency that the instrument is denominated in, changes in the type of interest rate, new conversion features attached to the instrument and change in loan covenants are also considered. If an exchange of debt instruments or modification of terms is accounted for as an extinguishment, any costs or fees incurred are recognised as part of the gain or loss on the extinguishment. If the exchange or modification is not accounted for as an extinguishment, any costs or fees incurred adjust the carrying amount of the liability and are amortised over the remaining term of the modified liability.

Modifications of liabilities that do not result in extinguishment are accounted for as a change in estimate using a cumulative catch up method, with any gain or loss recognised in profit or loss, unless the economic substance of the difference in carrying values is attributed to a capital transaction with owners.

5.8.5. Trade and other accounts payable

Trade payables are recognized when the counterparty fulfills its contractual obligations and measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate.

5.8.6. Loans and borrowings

Loans and borrowings are initially recognized at fair value less costs incurred in the transaction. Subsequently, loans and borrowings are stated at amortized cost; any difference between proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the amount of repayment is reflected in the income statement over the period for which loans and borrowings are issued using the effective interest rate method. Loans and borrowings are classified as current liabilities, unless the Group has an unconditional right to defer settlement of the obligation to at least one year after the date of balance sheet preparation.

5.8.7. Writing-off of financial liabilities

The Group writes-off financial liabilities only when they are repaid, cancelled or expire.

5.9. Foreign currency transactions

Transactions in currencies other than the functional currency are initially recorded at exchange rates set on the dates of these transactions. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in such currencies are translated at the rates applicable at the reporting date. All realized and unrealized gains and losses resulting from exchange rate differences are included in profit or loss for the period.

5.10. Biological assets

Biological assets represented by the commercial herd and herd replacements are recorded at fair value less estimated selling and distribution expenses. Estimate of fair value of biological assets of the Group is based on discounted cash flow models, according to which the fair value of biological assets is calculated using present value of the expected net cash flows from biological assets discounted at the appropriate rate.

The Group recognizes a biological asset only where it controls an asset as a result of past events; it is probable that the economic benefits from the asset will flow to the Group; fair value or cost of an asset can be estimated with reasonable certainty.

Profit or loss arising on initial recognition of biological assets at fair value less estimated selling and distribution expenses is included in the consolidated income statement as incurred.

Agricultural products collected from a biological asset are measured at fair value less estimated selling and distribution expenses. Profit or loss arising on initial recognition of agricultural products at fair value, less estimated selling and distribution expenses, is recognized in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income.

5.11. Inventories

Inventories consist mainly of raw materials, package and packing materials, agricultural produce and finished goods.

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value.

Cost of goods includes the cost of acquisition and, where appropriate, costs incurred in bringing inventories to their present condition and location. Cost is calculated using the weighted average method. Initial cost of inventories includes the transfer of gains and losses on qualifying cash flow hedges, recognised in OCI, in respect to the purchases of raw materials.

Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

5.12. Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment are recorded at historical cost or deemed cost, equal to fair value at the date of transition to IFRS, less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses. Historical cost of an asset of property, plant and equipment includes (a) the purchase price, including non-recoverable import duties and taxes net of trade and other discounts; (b) any costs directly related to bringing an asset to the location and condition, which allow its functioning in accordance with the intentions of the Group's management; (c) initial assessment of the costs of dismantling and removal in the asset of property, plant and equipment and restoring the occupied territory; this obligation is assumed by the Group either upon the acquisition of an asset, or as a result of its operation for a certain period of time for the purposes not related to the production of inventories during this period. Cost of assets created in-house includes cost of materials, direct labor costs and an appropriate proportion of production overheads.

Construction in progress includes costs directly related to the construction of property, plant and equipment, including distribution of variable overheads associated with the construction and prepayments for the property, plant and equipment. Construction in progress is not depreciated. These assets are depreciated from the moment when they are used in economic activity, on the same basis as depreciation on other assets.

Subsequently capitalised costs include major expenditures for improvements and replacements that extend the useful lives of the assets or increase their revenue generating capacity. Repairs and maintenance expenditures that do not meet the foregoing criteria for capitalisation are charged to the consolidated statement of comprehensive income as incurred.

Depreciable amount is the cost of an asset of property, plant and equipment, or any other amount, lessits residual value. The residual value of an asset is the estimated amount that the company would receive to date from the sale of an item of property, plant and equipment, less estimated costs of disposal if the asset reached the age and condition, in which, presumably, it will be at the end of its useful life. Assets under finance lease are depreciated over the shorter of estimated useful life on the same basis as own assets or over the period of the relevant lease.

Depreciation is provided to write-off the depreciable amount over the useful life of an asset and is calculated using the straightline method. Useful lives of the groups of property, plant and equipment are as follows:

Buildings 10 - 40 years
Plant and equipment 5 - 25 years
Vehicles 3 - 10 years
Furniture and fittings 3 - 5 years
Construction in progress and uninstalled equipment No depreciation

The residual value, useful life and depreciation method are reviewed at the end of each financial year. Impact of any changes arising from estimates made in prior periods is recorded as a change in an accounting estimate.

Gains or losses arising from disposal or liquidation of an asset of property, plant and equipment, are defined as the difference between sales proceeds and carrying amount of an asset and recognized in profit or loss.

5.13. Impairment of property, plant and equipment

At the end of each reporting period the Group identifies signs of possible impairment of assets. If any such indication exists, the Group reviews the carrying amount of its items of property, plant and equipment to determine whether any signs of impairment exist due to depreciation. If any such indication exists, the expected recoverable amount of an asset is estimated to determine the amount of impairment losses, if any.

In order to determine the impairment losses, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which it is possible to identify separately the cash flows (cash generating unit).

The recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less selling and distribution expenses and value of an asset in use. In assessing the value of an asset in use, the estimated future cash flows associated with the asset, are discounted to their present value using pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market estimates of time value of money and the risks inherent in the asset.

If, according to the estimates, the recoverable amount of an asset (cash generating unit) is less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of an asset (cash generating unit) is reduced to the recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognized immediately in the income statement, except when the asset is recorded at a revalued amount. In this case the impairment loss is considered as a revaluation decrease.

In cases where impairment losses are subsequently reversed, the carrying amount of the asset (cash generating unit) is increased to the revised estimate of recovery amount, however, in such a way that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would be determined, if an impairment loss was not recognized in respect of an asset (cash- generating unit) in previous years. Reversal

of impairment loss is recognized immediately in the income statement, except when the asset is recorded at a revalued amount. In this case, the reversal of an impairment loss is considered as a revaluation increase.

5.14. Intangible assets

Intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost. The cost of intangible assets acquired in a business combination is its fair value as at the date of acquisition. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less any accumulated amortization and any accumulated impairment losses. Internally generated intangible assets are not capitalized and expenditure is reflected in the income statement in the year in which the expenditure is incurred.

The useful lives of intangible assets are assessed as either finite or indefinite.

Intangible assets with finite lives are amortised over the useful economic life and assessed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the intangible asset may be impaired. The amortisation period and the amortisation method for an intangible asset with a finite useful life are reviewed at least at each financial year end. Changes in the expected useful life or the expected pattern of consumption of future economic benefits embodied in the asset is accounted for by changing the amortisation period or method, as appropriate, and are treated as changes in accounting estimates. The amortisation expense on intangible assets with finite lives is recognised in the income statement in the expense category consistent with the function of the intangible asset.

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortised, but are tested for impairment annually, either individually or at the cash generating unit level. The assessment of indefinite life is reviewed annually to determine whether the indefinite life continues to be supportable. If not, the change in useful life from indefinite to finite is made on a prospective basis.

Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognised in the income statement when the asset is derecognised.

Amortization is calculated on a straight line basis over the useful life of an asset, which is 10 years.

5.15. Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of an asset that necessarily takes a substantial period of time to get ready for its intended use or sale are capitalised as part of the cost of the asset. All other borrowing costs are expensed in the period in which they occur. Borrowing costs consist of interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds.

5.16. Leases

A lessee measures right-of-use assets similarly to other non-financial assets (such as property, plant and equipment) and lease liabilities similarly to other financial liabilities. As a consequence, a lessee recognises depreciation of the right-of-use asset and interest on the lease liability. The depreciation would usually be on a straight-line basis. In the statement of cash flows, a lessee separates the total amount of cash paid into principal (presented within financing activities) and interest (presented within either operating or financing activities) in accordance with IAS 7.

Assets and liabilities arising from a lease are initially measured on a present value basis. The measurement includes noncancellable lease payments (including inflation-linked payments), and also includes payments to be made in optional periods if the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise an option to extend the lease, or not to exercise an option to terminate the lease. The initial lease asset equals the lease liability in most cases.

The lease asset isthe right to use the underlying asset and is presented in the statement of financial position either as part of property, plant and equipment or as its own line item.

5.17. Contingent assets and liabilities

Contingent liabilities are not recognized in the consolidated financial statements. Such liabilities are disclosed in the notes to the consolidated financial statements, except where the probability of outflow of resources embodying economic benefits is insignificant.

Contingent assets are not recognized in the consolidated financial statements, but disclosed in the notes to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Group.

5.18. Provisions

Provisions are recognized when the Group has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of

the obligation amount.

The amount recognized as a provision is the best estimate of compensation necessary to repay a current liability on the reporting date, which takes into account all the risks and uncertainties inherent in this liability. In cases where the amount of provision is estimated using cash flows that can be required to repay current liabilities, its carrying amount represents the present value of these cash flows.

Where there is a possibility that one or all of the economic benefits necessary to recover the amount of provision will be reim-bursed by a third party, the receivables are recognized as an asset if there is actual assurance that such reimbursement will be received and the amount of receivables can be measured reliably.

5.19. Revenue recognition

Revenue is income arising in the course of the Group's ordinary activities. Revenue is recognized in the amount of transaction price. Transaction price is the amount of consideration to which the Group expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring control over promised goods or services to a customer, excluding the amounts collected on behalf of third parties.

Revenue is recognized net of discounts, returns and value added taxes, export duties, other similar mandatory payments.

Group's contracts with customers are fixed-price contracts and generally include both advance payment and deferred payment for the same contracts. Generally, the sales are made with a credit term of 30-60 days, which is consistent with the market practice and consequently trade receivables are classified as current assets.

A receivable is recognized when the goods are delivered or dispatched based on delivery terms as this is the point in time that the consideration is unconditional because only the passage of time is required before the payment is due (Note 21).

Contract assets are immaterial and therefore not presented separately in the consolidated financial statements.

A contract liability is an entity's obligation to transfer goods or services to a customer for which the entity has received consideration from the customer.

The five-step model framework

The core principle of IFRS 15 is that an entity will recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. This core principle is delivered in a five-step model framework:

  • Identify the contract(s) with a customer
  • Identify the performance obligations in the contract
  • Determine the transaction price
  • Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in thecontract
  • Recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation.

Application of this guidance will depend on the facts and circumstances present in a contract with a customer and will require the exercise of judgment.

Step 1: Identify the contract with the customer

A contract with a customer are exists when:

  • the contract has been approved by the parties to the contract;
  • each party's rights in relation to the goods or services to be transferred can be identified;
  • the payment terms for the goods or services to be transferred can beidentified;
  • the contract has commercial substance; and
  • it is probable that the consideration to which the entity is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services will be collected.

If a contract with a customer does not yet meet all of the above criteria, the Group continues as to re-assess the contract going forward to determine whether it subsequently meets the above criteria.

Step 2: Identify the performance obligations in the contract

At the inception of the contract, the Group assess as the goods or services that have been promised to the customer, and identify as a performance obligation:

  • a good or service (or bundle of goods or services) that is distinct;
  • or a series of distinct goods or services that are substantially the same and that have the same pattern of transfer to
  • the customer.

Step 3: Determine the transaction price

The transaction price is the amount to which the Group expects to be entitled in exchange for the transfer of goods and services. When making this determination, the Group considers past customary business practices.

Step 4: Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contracts

Where a contract has multiple performance obligations, the Group will allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract by reference to their relative standalone selling prices. If a standalone selling price is not directly observable, the Group will need to estimate it using an adjusted market assessment approach or the expected cost plus a margin approach.

Step 5: Recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation

Revenue is recognized as control is passed, either over time or at a point in time.

Control of an asset is defined as the ability to direct the use of and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from the asset. These include:

  • using the asset to produce goods or provide services;
  • using the asset to enhance the value of other assets;
  • using the asset to settle liabilities or to reduce expenses;
  • selling or exchanging the asset;
  • pledging the asset to secure a loan; and
  • holding the asset.

The benefits related to the asset are the potential cash flows that may be obtained directly or indirectly.

5.20. Income tax

Income tax is calculated in accordance with the requirements of the applicable legislation of Ukraine. Income tax is calculated on the basis of financial results for the year adjusted to items that are not included in taxable income or that cannot be attributed to gross expenses. It is calculated using tax rates effective at the reporting date.

Deferred tax is accounted for using the balance sheet liability method in respect of temporary differences arising from differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax base used to calculate taxable income. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognized for all taxable temporary differences and deferred tax assets are recorded taking into account the degree of certainty in sufficient taxable income, which enables to realize temporary differences related to gross expenses.

Deferred tax is calculated at tax rates, which presumably will be applied during the sale of related assets or repayment of related liabilities.

Assets and liabilities on deferred income tax are offset when: a) the Group has a legally enforceable right to offset the recognized current income tax assets and liabilities; b) the Group intends either to perform settlement by offsetting counterclaims, or simultaneously sell the asset and settle the liability; c) deferred tax assets and liabilities relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority in each future period in which it is intended to repay or reimburse a significant amount of deferred tax liabilities and assets.

Deferred income tax is recognized in the income statement, except when it relates to items recognized directly in equity. In this case the deferred tax is also recognized in equity.

In 2021, Ukrainian corporate income tax was levied at a rate of 18% (2020: 18%).

The majority of the Group companies that are involved in agricultural production (poultry farms and other entities engaged in agricultural production) benefit substantially from the status of an agricultural producer. These companies are exempt from income taxes and pay the Fixed Agricultural Tax instead (Note 16).

5.21. Value Added Tax

For the nine months ended 30 September 2021 and 2020, VAT was levied at two rates: 20% on Ukrainian domestic sales and imports of goods, works and services and 0% on export of goods and provision of works or services to be used outside Ukraine. In 2021 VAT rate remains at the same level.

VAT output equals the total amount of VAT collected within a reporting period, and arises on the earlier of the date of shipping goods to the customer or the date of receiving payment from the customer. VAT input is the amount that a taxpayer is entitled to offset against his VAT liability in the reporting period. According to Ukrainian legislation, rights to VAT input arise on the earlier of the date of payment to the supplier or the date goods are received.

5.22. Government grants

Government grants are stated at fair value when there is reasonable assurance that the grant will be received. Ukrainian legislation provides a variety of tax benefits and subsidies for agricultural companies. Such benefits and subsidies are approved by the Supreme Council of Ukraine, the Ministry of Agrarian Policy, Ministry of Finance, local authorities

Government grants are recognised asincome over the periods necessary to match them with the related costs, or as an offset against finance costs when received as compensation for the finance costs for agricultural producers. To the extent the conditions attached to the grants are not met at the reporting date, the received funds are recorded in the Group's consolidated financial statements as deferred income.

Other government grants are recognised at the moment when the decision to disburse the amounts to the Group is made.

Government grants are not recognised until there is reasonable assurance that the Group will comply with the conditions attached to them and that the grants will be received.

5.23. Partial compensation of interest rates on loans raised by the agricultural companies from financial institutions

The Group companies are entitled to compensation from the government of a share of interest expenses incurred on loans which were received for agricultural purposes. The amount of interest compensation depends on the term and purpose of the loan. Due to the fact that the payment of interest compensations depends on the capabilities of the country's budget, they are recognized on a cash basis as other operating income in the period of receipt.

5.24. Related party transactions

For the purposes of these consolidated financial statements, the parties are considered to be related if one of the parties has a possibility to control or considerably influence the operational and financial decisions of the other company. While considering any relation which can be defined as related party transactions it is necessary to take into consideration the substance of the transaction not only their legal form.

5.25. Reclassification

Certain comparative information presented in the consolidated financial statements for the nine months ended 30 September 2021 has been revised in order to achieve comparability with the presentation used in the consolidated financial statements for the nine months ended 30 September 2021. Such reclassifications and revisions were not significant to the Group`s consolidated financial statements.

6. New and amended standards

The following amended standards became effective from 1 January 2020, but did not have any material impact on the Group:

Pronouncement Effective date
Applying IFRS 9 'Financial Instruments' with IFRS 4 'Insurance Contracts' (Amendments to IFRS 4) 1 January 2018
Amendments to References to the Conceptual Framework in IFRS Standards 1 January 2020
Definition of a Business (Amendments to IFRS 3) 1 January 2020
Definition of Material (Amendments to IAS 1 and IAS 8) 1 January 2020
Interest Rate Benchmark Reform (Amendments to IFRS 9, IAS 39 and IFRS 7) 1 January 2020
Covid-19-Related Rent Concessions (Amendment to IFRS 16) 1 June 2020

The management expects that the above standards, when effective, will not have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements of the Group in future periods.

The Group has not adopted the following new standards and amendments to standards, including any consequential amendments to other standards:

IFRS Issue dateEffective date:
IFRS 17 Insurance Contracts
IFRS 17 requires insurance liabilities to be measured at a current fulfillment
value and provides a more uniform measurement and presentation approach
for all insurance contracts. These requirements are designed to achieve the
goal of a consistent, principle-based accounting for insurance contracts. IFRS
17 supersedes IFRS 4 Insurance Contracts as of 1 January 2023.
18 May 2017 Applicable to annual reporting
periods beginning on or after 1
January 2023. Not yet endorsed for
use in the EU.
Definition of Material (Amendments to IAS 1 and IAS 8)
The amendments in Definition of Material (Amendments to IAS 1 and IAS 8)
clarify the definition of 'material' and align the definition used in the
Conceptual Framework and the standards.
31 October
2018
Annual
reporting
periods
beginning on or after 1 January
2020
Applying IFRS 9 'Financial Instruments' with IFRS 4 'Insurance Contracts'
(Amend-ments to IFRS 4)
Amends IFRS 4 Insurance Contracts provide two options for entities that issue
insurance contracts within the scope of IFRS 4:
• an option that permits entities to reclassify, from profit or loss to other
comprehensive income, some of the income or expenses arising from
designated financial assets; this is the socalled overlay approach;
• an optional temporary exemption from applying IFRS 9 for entities whose
pre-dom-i-nant activity is issuing contracts within the scope of IFRS 4; this is
the so-called deferral approach.
The application of both approaches is optional and an entity is permitted to
stop applying them before the new insurance contracts
standard is applied.
12 September
2016
Overlay approach to be applied
when IFRS 9 is first applied.
Deferral approach effective for
annual periods beginning on or
after 1 January 2018 and only
available for five years after that
date.
Amendments to References to the Conceptual Framework in IFRS Standards
Together with the revised Conceptual Framework published in March 2018,
the IASB also issued Amendments to References to the Conceptual
Framework in IFRS Standards . The document contains amendments to IFRS
2, IFRS 3, IFRS 6, IFRS 14, IAS 1, IAS 8, IAS 34, IAS 37, IAS 38, IFRIC 12, IFRIC
19, IFRIC 20, IFRIC 22, and SIC-32. Not all amendments, however update
those pronouncements with regard to references to and quotes from the
framework so that they refer to the revised Conceptual Framework . Some
pronouncements are only updated to indicate which version of the
framework they are referencing to (the IASC framework adopted by the IASB
in 2001, the IASB framework of 2010, or the new revised framework of 2018)
or to indicate that definitions in the standard have not been updated with
the new definitions developed in the revised Conceptual Framework.
29 March
2018
Annual periods beginning on or
after 1 January 2020
Reference to the Conceptual Framework (Amend-ments to IFRS 3) The
amendments update an outdated reference to the Conceptual Framework in
IFRS 3 without significantly changing the requirements in the standard.
14 May 2020 Annual reporting periods
beginning on or after 1 January
2022
Not yet endorsed for use in the
EU
Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-current — Deferral of Effective
Date (Amendment to IAS 1)
The amendment defers the effective date of the January 2020 amendments
by one year, so that entities would be required to apply the amendment for
annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023.
15 July 2020Immediately available. Not yet
endorsed for use in the EU.

IFRS Issue date Effective date:
Definition of a Business (Amend-ments to IFRS 3)
The amendments in Definition of a Business (Amendments to IFRS 3) are
changes to Appendix A Defined terms, the application guidance, and the
illustrative examples of IFRS 3 only. They:
• clarify that to be considered a business, an acquired set of ativities and
assets must include, at a minimum, an input and a substantive process that
together significantly contribute to the ability to createoutputs;
• narrow the definitions of a business and of outputs by focusing on goods
and services provided to customers and by removing the reference to an
ability to reduce costs;
• add guidance and illustrative examples to help entities assess whether a
substantive process has been acquired;
• remove the assessment of whether market participants are capable of
replacing any missing inputs or processes and continuing to produce outputs;
and
• add an optional concentration test that permits a simplified assessment of
whether an acquired set of activities and assets is not a business.
22 October
2018
Business combinations for which
the acquisition date is on or after
the beginning of the first annual
reporting period beginning on or
after 1 January 2020
Interest Rate Benchmark Reform (Amend-mentsto IFRS 9, IAS 39 and IFRS
7)
The amendments in Interest Rate Benchmark Reform (Amendments to IFRS
9, IAS 39 and IFRS 7) clarify that entities would continue to apply certain
hedge accounting requirements assuming that the interest rate benchmark
on which the hedged cash flows and cash flows from the hedging instrument
are based will not be altered as a result of interest rate benchmark reform.
26 September
2019
Annual reporting periods
beginning on or after 1 January
2020
Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-Current (Amendments to IAS
1)
The amendments aim to promote consistency in applying the requirements
by helping companies determine whether, in the statement of financial
position, debt and other liabilities with an uncertain settlement dateshould
be classified as current (due or potentially due to be settled within one year)
or non-current.
23 January
2020
Annual
reporting
periods
beginning on or after 1 January
2023
Not yet endorsed for use in the EU.
Property, Plant and Equipment — Proceeds before Intended Use (Amend
ments to IAS 16)
The amendments prohibit deducting from the cost of an item of property,
plant and equipment any proceeds from selling items produced while
bringing that asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be
capable of operating in the manner intended by management. Instead, an
entity recognises the proceeds from selling such items, and the cost of
producing those items, in profit or loss.
14 May 2020 Annual
reporting
periods
beginning on or after 1 January
2022
Not yet endorsed for use in the EU.
Covid-19-Related Rent Concessions (Amendment to IFRS 16)
The amendment provides lessees with an exemption from assessing
whether a COVID-19-related rent concession is a lease modification.
28 May 2020 Annual
reporting
periods
beginning on or after 1 June2020

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTES ON PAGES 11-43 FORM AN INTEGRAL PART OF THESE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

IFRS Issue date Effective date:
Onerous Contracts — Cost of Fulfilling a Contract (Amendments to IAS 37)
The amendments specify that the 'cost of fulfilling' a contract comprises the
'costs that relate directly to the contract'. Costs that relate directly to a
contract can either be incremental costs of fulfilling that contract (examples
would be direct labour, materials) or an allocation of other costs that relate
directly to fulfilling contracts (an example would be the allocation of the
depreciation charge for an item of property, plant and equipment used in
fulfilling the contract).
14 May 2020 Annual
reporting
periods
beginning on or after 1 January
2022
Not yet endorsed for use in the EU.
Annual Improvements to IFRS Standards 2018–2020
Makes amend-ments to the following standards:
IFRS 1 – The amendment permits a subsidiary that applies paragraph D16(a)
of IFRS 1 to measure cumulative translation differences using the amounts
reported by its parent, based on the parent's date of transition to IFRSs.
IFRS 9 – The amendment clarifies which fees an entity includes when it
applies the '10 per cent' test in paragraph B3.3.6 of IFRS 9 in as- sessing
whether to derecognise a financial liability. An entity in- cludes only fees paid
or received between the entity (the borrower) and the lender, including fees
paid or received by either the entity or the lender on the other's behalf. IFRS
16 – The amendment to Illustrative Example 13 accompanying IFRS 16
removes from the example the illustration of the reimburse- ment of
leasehold improvements by the lessor in order to resolve any potential
confusion regarding the treatment of lease incentives that might arise
because of how lease incentives are illustrated in that example.
IAS 41 – The amendment removes the requirement in paragraph 22 of IAS 41
for entities to exclude taxation cash flows when measuring the fair value of
a biological asset using a present value technique.
14 May 2020 Annual
reporting
periods
beginning on or after 1 January
2022
Not yet endorsed for use in the EU.
Interest Rate Benchmark Reform — Phase 2 (Amend-ments to IFRS 9, IAS
39, IFRS 7, IFRS 4 and IFRS 16)
The amendments in Interest Rate Benchmark Reform —
Phase
2
(Amendments to IFRS 9, IAS 39, IFRS 7, IFRS 4 and IFRS 16) introduce a
practical expedient for modifications required by the reform, clarify that
hedge accounting is not discontinued solely because of the IBOR reform, and
introduce disclosures that allow users to understand the nature and extent
of risks arising from the IBOR reform to which the entity is exposed to and
how the entity manages those risks as well as the entity's progress in
transitioning from IBORs to alternative benchmark rates, and how the entity
is managing this transition.
27 August
2020
Annual
reporting
periods
beginning on or after 1 January
2021
Extension of the Temporary Exemption from Applying IFRS 9 (Amend- ments
to IFRS 4)
The amendment changes the fixed expiry date for the temporary exemption
in IFRS 4 Insurance Contracts from applying IFRS 9 Financial Instruments, so
that entities would be required to apply IFRS 9 for annual periods beginning
on or after 1 January 2023.
25 June 2020 Immediately available

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTES ON PAGES 11-43 FORM AN INTEGRAL PART OF THESE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

IFRS Issue date Effective date:
Disclosure of Accounting Policies (Amendments to IAS 1 and IFRS Practice
Statement 2)
The amendments require that an entity discloses its material accounting
policies, instead of its significant accounting policies. Further amendments
explain how an entity can identify a material accountingpolicy. Examples of
when an accounting policy is likely to be material are added. To supportthe
amendment, the Board has also developed guidance and examples to explain
and demonstrate the application of the 'four-step materiality process'
described in IFRS Practice Statement 2.
12 February
2021
Annual
reporting
periods
beginning on or after 1 January
2023
Not yet endorsed for use in the EU.
Amendments to IFRS 17
Amends IFRS 17 to address concerns and implementation challenges that
were identified after IFRS 17 Insurance Contracts was published in 2017. The
main changes are:
Deferral of the date of initial application of IFRS 17 by two years to annual
periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023
Additional scope exclusion for credit card contracts and similar contracts
that provide insurance coverage as well as optional scope exclusion for loan
contracts that transfer significant insurance risk;
Recognition of insurance acquisition cash flows relating to expected
contract renewals, including transition provisions and guidance for
insurance acquisition cash flows recognised in a business acquired in a
business combination;
Clarification of the application of IFRS 17 in interim financial statements
allowing an accounting policy choice at a reporting entity level;
Clarification of the application of contractual service margin (CSM)
attributable to investment-return service and investment related service
and changes to the corresponding disclosure requirements;
Extension of the risk mitigation option to include reinsurance contracts
held and nonfinancial derivatives;
Amendments to require an entity that at initial recognition recognises
losses on onerous insurance contracts issued to also recognise a gain on
reinsurance contracts held;
Simplified presentation of insurance contractsin the statement of financial
position so that entities would present insurance contract assets and
liabilities in the statement of financial position determined using portfolios
of insurance contracts rather than groups of insurance contracts;
Additional transition relief for business combinations and additional
transition relief for the date of application of the risk mitigation option and
the use of the fair value transition approach.
25 June 2020 2023 Annual
reporting
periods
beginning on or after 1 January
Not yet endorsed for use in the
EU.
Definition of Accounting Estimates (Amend-ments to IAS 8)
The amendments replace the definition of a change in accounting estimates
with a definition of accounting estimates. Under the new definition,
accounting estimates are "monetary amounts in financial statements that
are subject to measurement uncertainty". Entities develop accounting
estimates if accounting policies require items in financial statements to be
measured
in a
way
that
involves
measurement
uncertainty. The
amendments clarify that a change in accounting estimate that results from
new information or new developments is not the correction of an error.
12 Febraury
2021
Annual
reporting
periods
beginning on or after 1 January
2023
Not yet endorsed for use in the
EU.

7. Subsidiaries and Non-controlling interests

As at 30 September 2021 and 2020 the Group included the following subsidiaries:

Name of the company Business activities 30 September
2021
31 December
2020
30 September
2020
Limited Liability Company
"Ovostar Union"
Strategic management of subsidiary
companies in Ukraine
100,0% 100,0% 100,0%
Limited Liability Company
"Ovostar"
Egg-products production and distribution
(Ukraine)
100,0% 100,0% 100,0%
Limited Liability Company
"Yasensvit"
Breeder farms, production of hatching eggs, farms
for growing young laying flock and for laying flock,
production and distribution of shell eggs, poultry
feed production (Ukraine)
100,0% 100,0% 100,0%
lic Joint Stock Company "Poultry
Farm Ukraine"
Production of shell eggs, assets holding
(Ukraine)
92,0% 92,0% 92,0%
Public Joint Stock Company
"Malynove"
Production of shell eggs, assets holding
(Ukraine)
94,0% 94,0% 94,0%
Public Joint Stock Company
"Krushynskyy Poultry Complex"
g company, egg trading – non operational activity
(Ukraine)
76,0% 76,0% 76,0%
Limited Liability Company
"Skybynskyy Fodder Plant"
In the process of liquidation (Ukraine) 98,6% 98,6% 98,6%
SIA "Ovostar Europe" Trade company (Latvia) 89,0% 89,0% 89,0%
SIA "Gallusman" Production of shell eggs (Latvia) 89,0% 89,0% 89,0%
SIA "EPEX" Egg-products production (Latvia) 89,0% 89,0% 89,0%
International Food Trade Limited Trade company (British Virgin Islands) 100,0% 100,0% 100,0%
OAE Food Trade FZE Trade company (United Arab Emirates) 100,0% 100,0% 100,0%
Limited Liability Company "BV
TRADING"
Non-operational activity (Ukraine) 0,0% 0,0% 100,0%
*REMEDIUM FOODS B.V. Egg processing, distribution of egg 50,0% 50,0% 0,0%

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTES ON PAGES 11-43 FORM AN INTEGRAL PART OF THESE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The following tables summarize the information relating to each of the Group`s subsidiaries that has material NCI, before any intragroup elimination:

PJSC
PJSC "Krushyns "SIA" SIA Intra
30 September 2021 (unaudited) "Poultry PJSC kyy Ovostar "Gallusm SIA group Total
Farm "Malynove" Poultry Europe" an" "EPEX" eliminati
Ukraine" Complex" ons
NCI percentage 8,0% 6,0% 24,0% 11,0% 11,0% 11,0%
Non-current assets 671 15 496 - 7 352 57
Current assets 5 281 13 354 566 3 856 90 222
Non-current liabilities - - (3) - - -
Current liabilities (2 809) (27 043) (7) (4 188) (49) (264)
Net assets 3 143 1 807 556 (325) 393 15
Carrying amount of NCI 266 103 132 (36) 43 2 510
Revenue 1 901 8 610 - 19 297 1 302
Profit (loss) 691 (3 926) 435 11 381 28
OCI (1 970) (141) (421) 1 149 (403) -
Total comprehensive income (1 279) (4 067) 14 1 160 (22) 28
Profit allocated to NCI 59 (223) 103 1 42 3 (15)
OCI allocated to NCI (167) (8) (100) 126 (44) - (193)
Cash flows from operating activities - 19 - (55) (51) (12)
Cash flows from investment activities - (18) - (2) - -
Effect from translation into presenta
tion currency
- - - (14) (2) -
Net (decrease)/ increase in cash and
cash equivalents
- 1 - (71) (53) (12)
30 September 2020 (unaudited) PJSC
"Poultry
Farm
Ukraine"
PJSC
"Malynove"
PJSC
"Krushyns
kyy
Poultry
Complex"
"SIA"
Ovostar
Europe"
SIA
"Gallusm
an"
SIA
"EPEX"
Intra
group
eliminati
ons
Total
NCI percentage 8,0% 6,0% 24,0% 11,0% 11,0% 11,0%
Non-current assets 1 864 16 986 - 9 348 59
Current assets 2 801 5 758 529 5 167 108 85
Non-current liabilities - - - - - -
Current liabilities (1 013) (19 452) 15 (5 184) (65) (150)
Net assets 3 652 3 292 544 (8) 391 (6)
Carrying amount of NCI
Revenue
292
1 659
198
6 296
131
-
(1)
18 965
43
2
(1)
68
662
Profit (loss) 624 (4 013) (2) 532 21 (2)
OCI (2 216) (1 389) (106) (39) (330) -
Total comprehensive income (1 592) (5 402) (108) 493 (309) (2)
Profit allocated to NCI 50 (242) - 59 2 - (131)
OCI allocated to NCI (177) (83) (25) (4) (37) - (326)
Cash flows from operating activities 1 - - (418) (15) -
Cash flows from investment activities - - - (9) (11) -
Effect from translation into presenta
tion currency
- - - 4 1 -
Net (decrease)/ increase in cash and
cash equivalents
1 - - (424) (25) -

8. Segment information

All of the Group's operations are located within Ukraine.

Segment information is analyzed on the basis of the types of goods supplied by the Group's operating divisions. The Group's reportable segments under IFRS 8 are therefore as follows:

Egg operations segment sales of egg
sales of chicken meat
Egg products operations segment sales of egg processing products

The accounting policies of the reportable segments are the same as the Group's accounting policies described in Note 5. Sales between segments are mainly carried out at market prices. Operating profit before tax represents segment result. This is the measure reported to the chief operating decision maker for the purposes of resource allocation and assessment of segment performance.

For the purposes of monitoring segment performance and allocating resources between segments:

  • All assets are allocated to reportable segments.
  • All liabilities are allocated to reportable segments.

The following table presents revenue, results of operations and certain assets and liabilities information regarding segments for the nine months 30 September 2021 and 2020 the Group included the following subsidiaries:

9 months ended 30 September 2021 (unaudited) Operations segment
Egg Egg products
Revenue from contracts with customers 112 541 40 150 152 691
Inter-segment revenue (47 484) (10 843) (58 327)
Revenue from external buyers 65 057 29 307 94 364
Profit before tax 2 677 168 2 845
9 months ended 30 September 2020 (unaudited) Operations segment Total
Egg Egg products
Revenue from contracts with customers 84 549 34 249 118 798
Inter-segment revenue (39 983) (10 991) (50 974)
Revenue from external buyers 44 566 23 258 67 824

Profit before tax 1 749 2 052 3 801

For the nine months 30 September 2021 and 2020 no sales were settled by barter transactions.

Segment assets, liabilities and other information regarding segments as at 30 September 2021 and 2020 were presented as follows:

30 September 2021 (unaudited) Egg Operations segment
Egg products
Total
Total segment assets 126 412 15 590 142 002
Total segment liabilities 27 620 387 28 007
Addition to property, plant and equipment and intangible assets 398 153 551
Net change in fair value of biological assets and agricultural produce (1 805) - (1 805)
Depreciation and amortization (2 793) (390) (3 183)
Interest income 6 4 10
Interest on debts and borrowings (253) - (253)
Income tax expense (6) 8 2
31 December 2020 (audited) Egg Operations segment
Egg products
Total
Total segment assets 113 728 17 586 131 314
Total segment liabilities 26 418 492 26 910
30 September 2020 (unaudited) Egg Operations segment
Egg products
Total
Total segment assets 109 492 16 973 126 465
Total segment liabilities 20 203 1 464 21 667
Addition to property, plant and equipment and intangible assets 1 406 800 2 206
Net change in fair value of biological assets and agricultural produce 156 87 243
Depreciation and amortization (2 740) (379) (3 119)
Interest income - - -
Interest on debts and borrowings - - -
Income tax expense (9) (34) (43)

The Group presented disaggregated revenue based on the type of goods or services provided to customers and the geographical region of goods and services. Entities will need to make this determination based on entity-specific and/or industry-specific factors that would be most meaningful to their business.

The Group presented a reconciliation of the disaggregated revenue with the revenue information disclosed for each reportable segment.

Set out below is the disaggregation of the Group's revenue from contracts with customers:
9 months ended 30 September 2021 (unaudited) Operations segment Total
Egg Egg products
Type of goods or service
Goods 64 997 29 263 94 260
Services 60 44 104
Total revenue from contracts with customers 65 057 29 307 94 364
Geographical markets
Ukraine 49 411 16 460 65 871
Export market 15 646 12 847 28 493
Total revenue from contracts with customers 65 057 29 307 94 364
9 months ended 30 September 2020 (unaudited) Operations segment
Egg Egg products
Total
Type of goods or service
Goods 44 220 23 256 67 476
Services 346 2 348
Total revenue from contracts with customers 44 566 23 258 67 824
Geographical markets
Ukraine 27 400 10 957 38 357
Export market 17 166 12 301 29 467
Total revenue from contracts with customers 44 566 23 258 67 824

9. Other operating income

9 months ended 9 months ended
Note 30 September 2021 30 September 2020
(unaudited) (unaudited)
Income from refund under the special legislation:
Government subsidies a) 211 339
Total income from refund under the special legislation 211 339
Gain on recovery of assets previously written off 63 3
Insurance compensation 12 1 805
Gain on disposal of property plant and equipment -
Other income 147 176
Total 433 2 323

Recovery of assets previously written-off mainly represents amounts of inventory surplus identified in the reporting period during the stock-taking and recovery of amounts previously recognized as doubtful.

a) Government subsidies

Government grants are presented in the statement of the financial position as deferred income, which is recognised in profit or loss on a systematic basis over the useful life of the related assets.The unamortized portion of the government subsidies as of 30 September 2021 is USD 3132 thousand (30 September 2020: USD 2246 thousand).

b) Insurance compensation

In July 2020 the Company has received insurance recovery in amount of USD 1 805 thousand for the loss of fixed assets destroyed in the fire accident in August 2019.

10.Other operating expenses

9 months ended 9 months ended
30 September 2021 30 September 2020
(unaudited) (unaudited)
Writing off fixed assets - (17)
Impairment of doubtful accounts receivable and prepayments to suppliers (466) (23)
Impairment of goodwill - -
Write-off of Accounts Receivable - -
Loss on disposal of property plant and equipment (2) (1)
Fines and penalties (15) (7)
Other expenses (29) (267)
Total (512) (315)

11.Amortisation and depreciation expenses

9 months ended
30 September 2021
(unaudited)
9 months ended
30 September 2020
(unaudited)
Depreciation and amortisation:
Cost of sales
(2 923)
(2 836)
Selling and distribution costs
(63)
(67)
Administrative expenses
(197)
(216)
Total
(3 183)
(3 119)

12.Employee benefits expense

9 months ended
30 September 2021
(unaudited) 9 months ended
30 September 2020
(unaudited)
Wages, salaries and social security:
Costs of production personnel (5 744) (5 782)
Costs of distribution personnel (864) (648)
Costs of administrative personnel (1 045) (1 140)
Total (7 653) (7 570)

13.Income Tax

Companies of the Group that are involved in agricultural production pay the Fixed Agricultural Tax (the "FAT") in accordance with the applicable laws. The FAT is paid in lieu of corporate income tax, land tax, duties for geological survey works and duties for trade patents.

The FAT is calculated by local authorities and depends on the area and valuation of land occupied. This tax regime is valid indefinitely. FAT does not constitute an income tax, and as such, is recognized in the statement of comprehensive income in administrative expenses.

During the nine months ended 30 September 2021, the Group companies which have the status of the Corporate Income Tax (the "CIT") payers in Ukraine were subject to income tax at a 18% rate (30 September 2020: at a 18% rate). The deferred income tax assets and liabilities as of 30 September 2021 were measured based on the tax rates expected to be applied to the period when the temporary differences are expected to reverse.

The major components of income tax expense for the nine months ended 30 September 2021 and 2020 were:

9 months ended 9 months ended
30 September 2021 30 September 2020
(unaudited) (unaudited)
Current income tax (6) (9)
Deferred tax 8 (34)
Total 2 (43)

14.Biological Assets

30 September 2021 31 December 2020 30 September 2020
(unaudited) (audited) (unaudited)
Number, thousand
heads
Carrying
value
Number,
thousand
heads
Carrying
value
Number,
thousand
heads
Carrying
value
Non-current biological assets
Replacement poultry
Hy-line 4 366 47 872 4 381 40 234 4 477 42 188
Total non-current biological assets 4 366 47 872 4 381 40 234 4 477 42 188
Current biological assets
Commercial poultry
Hy-line 3 618 17 432 3 612 11 138 3 624 8 982
Total current biological assets 3 618 17 432 3 612 11 138 3 624 8 982
Total biological assets 7 984 65 304 7 993 51 372 8 101 51 170

Classification of biological assets into non-current and current component is based on the life cycle of a biological asset. Biological assets that will generate cash flow more than one year are classified as non-current biological assets, biological assets that will generate cash flow less than one year are classified as current biological assets.

presented as follows:

9 months ended 30
September 2021
(unaudited)
9 months ended 30
September 2020
(unaudited)
As at 01 January (audited) 51 372 50 759
Increase in value as a result of assets acquisition 357 339
Increase in value as a result of capitalization of cost 13 490 10 111
Income/(Losses) from presentation of biological assets at fair value (1 805) 243
Decrease in value as a result of assets disposal (1 885) (1 447)
Exchange differences 3 775 (8 835)
As at 30 September (unaudited) 65 304 51 170

For the nine months ended 30 September 2021 the Group produced shell eggs in the quantity of 1 254 million items (30 September 2020: 1 236 million).

Fair value of biological assets was estimated by the Group's specialists which have experience in valuation of such assets. Fair value was calculated by discounting of expected net cash flow (in nominal measuring) at the moment of eggs produced, using corresponding discount rate which is equal to 16% (30 September 2020: 16.00%). Management supposes that sale price and production and distribution costs fluctuations will comply with forecasted index of consumer price in Ukraine. The major assumptions were performed on the basis of internal and external information and it reflected Management's assessment of the future agricultural prospect.

Biological assets of the Group are measured at fair value within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

Value measurement is a maximum value exposed to the following assumptions which were used in fair value calculations of biological assets:

Assumption as at Assumption as at
30 September 2021 30 September 2020
(unaudited) (unaudited)
Eggs sale price, USD per item (UAH per item) 0,080 (2,17) 0.064 (1.81)
Discount rate, % 16,00% 16,00%
Long-term inflation rate of Ukrainian hrivnya, % 1,09 1,07
Maximum poultry life time, days 770 770

Based on the current situation in Ukraine that provides a high degree of uncertainty in relation to many of the assumptions in the biological assets revaluation model, and guided by the prudence concept, the Group used conservative approach for calculation of fair value of biological assets as at 30 September 2021

Changes in key assumptions that were used in fair value estimation of biological assets had the following influence on the value of biological assets:

9 months ended 9 months ended
30 September 2021 30 September 2020
(unaudited) (unaudited)
1% decrease in egg sale price (1 394) (983)
1% increase in discount rate (851) (671)
1% increase in long-term inflation rate of Ukrainian hrivnya 47 53

15.Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets

During the nine months ended 30 September 2021, the Group's additions to property, plant and equipment amounted to USD 574 thousand (30 September 2020: USD 2 207 thousand). In particular, the Group acquired equipment for poultry houses in the amount equal to USD 418 thousand (30 September 2020: USD 978 thousand) and capital expenditures in amount of USD 156 thousand (30 September 2020: 1229 thousand) were incurred in connection with the reconstruction and improvement of the existing facilities and reconstruction of poultry buildings.

For the nine months ended 30 September 2021 and 2020 respectively the Group has put into operation fixed assets of book value equal to USD 405 thousand and USD 934 thousand respectively.

As at 30 September 2021 construction-in-progress and uninstalled equipment also included prepayments for the property, plant and equipment which amounted to USD 505 thousand (2020: USD 728 thousand).

As at 30 September 2021, included within property, plant and equipment were fully depreciated assets with the original cost of USD 4 028 thousand (2020: USD 3 012 thousand).

Impairment assessment

The Group reviews its property, plant and equipment each period to determine if any indication of impairment exists. Based on these reviews, there were no indicators of impairment as of 30 September 2021 and 30 September 2020.

16. Inventories

30 September 2021 31 December 2020 30 September 2020
(unaudited) (audited) (unaudited)
Raw materials 3 414 5 430 2 774
Agricultural produce and finished goods 2 975 3 945 4 788
Package and packing materials 2 111 1 682 1 637
Work in progress 1 267 821 814
Other inventories 1 465 1 357 1 176
(Less: impairment of agricultural produce and finished goods) (20) (19) (104)
Total 11 212 13 216 11 085

17. Trade and other receivables

30 September 2021 31 December 2020 30 September 2020
(unaudited) (audited) (unaudited)
Trade receivables 12 199 12 994 8 799
VAT for reimbursement 1 883 2 689 3 651
Other accounts receivable 607 444 863
Credit loss allowance (173) (261) (195)
Total 14 516 15 866 13 118

18. Cash and cash equivalents

30 September 2021 31 December 2020 30 September 2020
(unaudited) (audited) (unaudited)
Cash in banks 601 1 619 1 109
Cash on hand 18 7 16
Total 619 1 626 1 125

a) Cash in banks by country of bank location denominated in the following currencies:

Curre
30 September 2021
31 December 2020 30 September 2020
ncy (unaudited) (audited) (unaudited)
Ukraine UAH 243 522 99
Ukraine USD 1 119 56
Ukraine EUR - 379 107
Total in Ukraine 244 1 020 262
Cyprus EUR - - -
Total in Cyprus - - -
Latvia USD 153 51 51
Latvia EUR 147 385 178
Total in Latvia 300 436 229
United Kingdom USD 2 18 6
United Kingdom EUR - - 29
United Kingdom PLN - - -
Total in United Kingdom 2 18 35
United Arab Emirates AED 20 47 112
United Arab Emirates USD 35 72 470
United Arab Emirates EUR - 26 1
Total in United Arab Emirates 55 145 583
Total cash in banks 601 1 619 1 109

19.Equity

Issued capital and capital distribution

For the nine months ended 30 September 2021 there were no changes in issued capital.

As referred to in Note 1, the Company was incorporated on 22 March 2011. The Company's authorized share capital amounts to EUR 225 000 and consists of 22 500 000 ordinary shares with a nominal value off EUR 0.01 each. As at 31 December 2011, 6 000 000 ordinary shares were issued and fully paid. In June 2011 the shares of the Company were listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange.

As at 30 September 2021, 2020 and 31 December 2020 the shareholder interest above 5% in the Share capital of the Company was as follows:

30 September 2021 31 December 2020 30 September 2020
(unaudited) (audited) (unaudited)
Prime One Capital Ltd 67,93% 67,93% 67,93%
Generali Otwarty Fundusz Emerytalny 10,93% 10,93% 10,93%
FAIRFAX FINANCIAL Holdings Limited 10,39% 5,35% 5,35%
AVIVA Otwarty Fundusz Emerytalny Aviva BZ WBK 5,02% 5,02% 5,02%

Foreign currency translation reserve

The Company's share capital has been converted at the exchange rate prevailing at the reporting date. The EUR 60 000 (equivalent to 6 000 000 shares) as of 30 September 2021, has been converted into USD 69 533 (30 September 2020: USD 70 343). The result arising from exchange rate differences has been recorded in the "Foreign currency translation reserve".

The foreign currency translation reserve is used also to record exchange differences arising from the translation of the financial statements of foreign subsidiaries.

Share premium

As has been mentioned previously, in June 2011 the Group's shares have been placed on WSE. As a result of the transaction, USD 33 048 thousand was raised while the IPO costs amounted to USD 2 115 thousand. In these financial statements funds raised as a result of IPO are reflected in share premium as at 31 December 2011. For the year ended 30 September 2021 and 2020, there were no movements in share premium.

20.Interest-bearing loans and other financial liabilities

Cur
rency
Effective
interest
Maturity 30 September
2021
31 December
2020
30 September
2020
rate, % (unaudited) (audited) (unaudited)
Current interest-bearing loans and other financial
liabilities
Landesbank
Berlin
AG/AKA
Ausfuhrkredit 2.25%+
Gesellschaft mbH EUR EURIBOR
(9m)
30.12.2021 1 230 2 556 2 422
Prime One Capital Limited EUR 3,00% 10.07.2021 - - 636
UkrSibbank EUR 2,65% 03.03.2022 2 858 3 013 2 871
Other current loans UAH 25 24 24
Total current interest-bearing loans and other financial liabilities 4 113 5 593 5 953
Non-current interest-bearing loans and other financial liabilities
Landesbank
Berlin
AG/AKA
Ausfuhrkredit 2.25%+
Gesellschaft mbH EUR EURIBOR
(9m)
30.12.2021 - - 1 244
OTP Bank EUR 3,00% 02.10.2024 4 313 2 703 2 341
Prime One Capital Limited EUR 3,00% 10.07.2024 2 369 2 469 -
Total non-current interest-bearing loans and other financial liabilities 6 682 5 172 3 585
Total interest-bearing loans and other financial liabilities 10 795 10 765 9 538

The Interest-bearing loans from Landesbank Berlin AG and AKA Ausfuhrkredit-Gesellschaft mbH have been covered of Euler Hermes AG.

Covenants

The Group's loan agreements contain a number of covenants and restrictions, which include, but are not limited to, financial ratios and other legal matters. Covenant breaches generally permit lenders to demand accelerated repayment of principal and interest.

As at 30 September 2021 and 2020 the Group was not in breach of any financial covenants which allow lenders to demand immediate repayment of loans.

Reconciliation of liabilities arising from financing activities. The table below details changes in the Group's liabilities arising from financing activities, including both cash and non–cash changes.

Liabilities arising from financing activities are those for which cash flows were, or future cash flows will be, classified in the Group's consolidated statement of cash flows as cash flows from financing activities:

31 December Financing Increase (as a Exchange 30 September
2020 Financing cash cash flow result of accruals differences 2021
(audited) flow payment received and other) (unaudited)
Interest-bearing loans 10 777 (1 274) 1 790 - (570) 10 723
Interest expenses (40) (160) - 253 (7) 46
Other borrowings 28 - - - (2) 26
Total 10 765 (1 434) 1 790 253 10 216 10 795
31 December Financing Increase (as a Exchange 30 September
(audited) 2019 Financing cash
flow payment
cash flow
received
result of accruals
and other)
differences 2020
(unaudited)
Interest-bearing loans 10 586 (3 631) 2 197 - 406 9 558
Interest expenses (224) (210) - 354 37 (43)
Other borrowings 28 - - - (5) 23
Total 10 390(3 841) 2 197 354438 9 538

21.Trade and other payables

30 September 2021 31 December 2020 30 September 2020
(unaudited) (audited) (unaudited)
Trade payables 10 897 10 561 7 379
Employee benefit liability 585 540 511
Liability for unused vacation 848 797 637
Taxes payable 254 234 221
VAT liabilities 93 139 63
Income tax payables 23 21 21
Other payables 363 86 328
Total 13 063 12 378 9 160

22.Related party disclosures

For the purposes of these consolidated financial statements, the parties are considered to be related, if one of the parties has the ability to exercise control over the other party or influence significantly the other party in making financial and operating decisions. Considering the transactions with each possible related party, particular attention is paid to the essence of relationships, not merely their legal form.

Related parties may enter into transactions, which may not always be available to unrelated parties, and they may be subject to such conditions and such amounts that are impossible in transactions with unrelated parties.

According to the criteria mentioned above, related parties of the Group are divided into the following categories:

  • (A). Key management personnel;
  • (B). Companies which activities are significantly influenced by the Beneficial Owners;
  • (C). Other related parties.

The following companies and individuals are considered to be the Group's related parties as at 30 September 2021 and 2020:

(A). Key management personnel

Key management personnel 2021: Position:
Borys Bielikov Executive Director / CEO
Vitalii Veresenko Non-executive director
Sergii Karpenko Non-executive director
Vitalii Sapozhnik Chief Financial Officer
Arnis Veinbergs Deputy CEO in charge of Production activity
Karen Arshakyan Non-executive director
Yuliya Flyorova Production director
Key management personnel 2020: Position:
Borys Bielikov Executive Director / CEO
Vitalii Veresenko Non-executive director
Sergii Karpenko Non-executive director
Vitalii Sapozhnik Chief Financial Officer
Arnis Veinbergs Deputy CEO in charge of Production activity
Karen Arshakyan Non-executive director
Yuliya Flyorova Production director

(B). Companies which activities are significantly influenced by the Key management personnel

Aleksa LTD LLC 2021/2020

As at 30 September 2021 and 2020 trade accounts receivable from related parties and advances issued to related parties were presented as follows:

30 September 2021 31 December 2020 30 September 2020
(unaudited) (audited) (unaudited)
Prepayments to related parties
(B). Companies which activities are significantly influenced by the Beneficial Owners:
Aleksa LTD LLC 59 43 54

Total 59 43 54

(C). Other related parties:

For the nine months ended 30 September 2021, 2020 the Group has no other related parties.

23.Commitments and contingencies

Operating environment

All production facilities of the Company are located in Ukraine and its operations are highly dependent on the developments in this jurisdiction.

After years of political and economic tensions, the Ukrainian economy began to stabilize, but the COVID-19 outbreak reversed that trend. According to the IMF, GDP growth will be around 3.5% in 2021 (from -4% in 2020) and is expected to grow to 3.6% in 2022 and 3.7% in 2023, subject to recovery. world economy after the pandemic. Activity should be supported by a recovery in external and domestic demand, as well as fiscal and monetary stimulus.

Declining nominal GDP and Covid-19-related fiscal stimulus widened the fiscal deficit, reaching -5.5% GDP in 2021 (from - 5.2% in 2020) and projected to decline -3.8% GDP in 2022 and -3% GDP in 2023 (IMF).

Public debt is projected to decline from 60.8% of GDP in 2020 to 55.8% of GDP in 2021 and is expected to remain high in 2022 (50.8% of GDP) and 2023 (48.5% of GDP ) (IMF). In the first nine months of 2021, the hryvnia appreciated by 6% against the dollar (Euler Hermes), but inflation increased to 9.6% in 2021 (from 5% in 2020) due to higher energy and food prices. Inflation is expected to be 7.1% in 2022 (IMF).

In June 2020, the IMF approved a USD 5 billion support package to help Ukraine to cope with COVID -19 pandemic challenges. Policies under the new arrangement focus on four priorities: mitigating the economic impact of the crisis; ensuring continued central bank independence and a flexible exchange rate; safeguarding financial stability while recovering the costs from bank resolutions; and moving forward with key governance and anti-corruption measures to preserve and deepen recent gains (IMF). The 2021 budget priorities include healthcare, purchase of vaccines from COVID-19, increasing the minimum wage, salaries and pensions, education and agriculture.

Ukraine's unemployment rate was falling until 2019, but due to the negative economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is estimated to have increased to 9,9% in 2020 and is forecast to stay high in 2021 (9.7%) and 2022 (8,7%) (IMF). The informal sector in Ukraine is estimated to account for a third of the country's GDP, and GDP per capita (at purchasing power parity) is only 20% of the EU average.

The agricultural sector plays a major role in Ukrainian economy. In 2021, it contributed to 12% of the GDP and employed 15% of the working population in 2020 (World Bank). The main crops are cereals, sugar, meat and milk. Ukraine is the world's fifth largest exporter of grain. The European Union has reduced its customs duties on the agricultural areas of Ukraine, which could be a boon for this sector.

In 2022, the recovery of the Ukrainian economy will continue, subject to the recovery of the global economy after the pandemic. Agriculture will be the least affected by quarantine restrictions, while services, trade and transport will be the most affected. About 700,000 small service businesses closed.

The present Financial Statements are made up with due regard for both actual and assumed implications of the above developments and the effects thereof on the Company's financial standing and performance in the reporting period.

Taxation

Ukraine has a corporate income tax system, under which taxable profit of companies (i.e. financial profit adjusted by tax differences) is subject to 18% tax rate.

Transfer pricing rules apply to transactions with related non-residents and "low-tax" non-residents (i.e. non-residents, taxed domestically at a significantly lower corporate income tax rate than the Ukrainian tax rate of 18%), subject to a company's minimum income threshold of UAH 150 million and transactions volume threshold with each individual non- resident of UAH 10 million.

Domestic supply of goods and services, as well as the import of goods and certain services, are subject to value-added tax.

at the standard rate of 20%. Reduced tax rate of 0% applies to the export of goods from Ukraine.

Payment of passive income (i.e. interest, royalties, dividends etc.) to non-residents of Ukraine is subject to withholding tax at a standard 15% rate unless double tax treaties or the Tax Code of Ukraine provide another tax rate.

Agrarian producers of raw materials are allowed to apply a simplified tax system, given that at least 75% of their income is attributable to sales of agricultural raw materials produced by such company. Under the simplified tax system, companies are subject to a fixed tax, which depends on the type, location and monetary value of farmland used by such companies.

By the end of 2019, MLI Convention (BEPS Action plan step 15) entered into force in Ukraine, which allows Ukraine to amend its double tax treaties with other countries, which have also ratified MLI Convention. Ukraine has already amended a part of its double tax treaties and may amend more treaties in the future.

Recently, the new anti-BEPS Law entered into force, which significantly changed the Ukrainian Tax Code, introducing a significant portion of BEPS Action plan steps (3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 13 and 14) to the local tax legislation.

In 2020 the Law on the market of agricultural land has been adopted. The Law introduced changes to the Land Code of Ukraine aimed at the abolishment of the moratorium for sale of land. However, the Law will enter into force on 1 July 2021 and provides a set of restrictions related to the maximum land size, which can be sold to an individual buyer, restrictions to sell land in certain areas and to certain types of buyers. Also, regardless of the expected abolishment of moratorium, sale of land is subject to provisions and/or restrictions of the Land Code of Ukraine, as well as other branch laws in certain cases.

The management believe that the Group has been in compliance with all requirements of effective tax legislation and assume that the introduced amendments will not have immediate effect on the Group's operations.

24.Subsequent events

There were no significant events after the balance sheet date.

Legal address: Ovostar Union PCL 22 Ierotheou Street 2028 Nicosia , Cyprus

Correspondence address: 34 Petropavlivska street 04086 Kyiv, Ukraine

For Investor Relations inquiries: Investor Relations Department Anna Tews [email protected] Cell: +38 050 439 05 05 Landline: +38 044 354 29 60

Forward-looking statements notice

All forward-looking statements contained in this annual report with respect to our future financial and operational performance and position are, unless otherwise stated, based on the beliefs, expectations, projections and the estimates of our management representing their judgment as at the dates on which the statements have been made. Forward-looking statements are generally identifiable by the use of the words "may", "will", "should", "plan", "forecast", "expect", "anticipate", "estimate", "believe", "intend", "project", "goal" or "target" or the negative of these words or other variations on these words or comparable terminology. Our actual operational and financial results or the same of our industry involve a number of known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors and they are not guaranteed to be similar to the forward-looking statements, although our management makes all effort to make forward-looking statements as accurate as possible. We do not undertake publicly to update or revise any forward- looking statement that may be made herein, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

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