Annual Report • Aug 9, 2023
Annual Report
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| PAGE | |
|---|---|
| DIRECTORS AND OTHER INFORMATION | 2 - 3 |
| DIRECTORS' REPORT | 4 - 10 |
| DIRECTORS' RESPONSIBILITIES STATEMENT | 11 |
| INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT | 12 - 16 |
| INCOME STATEMENT: | |
| TECHNICAL ACCOUNT - NON-LIFE INSURANCE | 17 |
| TECHNICAL ACCOUNT - LIFE ASSURANCE | 18 |
| NON-TECHNICAL ACCOUNT | 19 |
| STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME | 20 |
| STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION | 21 - 22 |
| STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY | 23 |
| NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS | 24 - 63 |
1

| DIRECTORS | E. San Pietro (Italian) - Chairman M.G.V. Sordoni (Italian) - CEO A.H. Tully (New Zealander) - INED S. Hughes - INED L. Zaccherini (Italian) |
|---|---|
| SECRETARY | M. H. C. Corporate Services Limited |
| REGISTERED OFFICE | The Watermarque Building Ringsend Road Dublin 4 |
| BANKERS | Bank of Ireland IFSC La Touche House Custom House Dock Dublin 1 Bank of Ireland Global Markets 2 Burlington Plaza Burlington Road Dublin 4 Deutsche Bank Spa Via San Prospero, 2 20121 Milan (Italy) |
| CUSTODIAN OF INVESTMENTS | Northern Trust Fiduciary Services George's Court 54-62 Townsend Street Dublin 2 |

Mason Hayes and Curran 6 South Bank House Barrow Street Dublin 4
AUDITORS
PricewaterhouseCoopers One Spencer Dock North Wall Quay Dublin 1
Company Registration Number
290539

The directors present their annual report and the audited financial statements of UnipolRe DAC (the "Company") for the financial year ended 31 December 2020.
UnipolRe Dac is a composite professional reinsurance company, wholly owned by UnipolSai Assicurazioni S.p.A. writing life and non-life proportional and non-proportional reinsurance business to cedants based mainly in Europe. The Company is A- Rated by AM Best.
2020 was a year of consolidation for the underwriting of UnipolRe's portfolio. It was a benign year for European CAT losses and the Property CAT book was exposed to only minor attritional loss activity. However, UnipolRe is holding reserves for potential Property Business Interruption losses as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. These reserves remain manageable since UnipolRe's portfolio is not heavily exposed to Property BI. Conversely, UnipolRe is exposed to a large amount of Motor XOL business and the reduction in vehicle usage, as a result of the government lockdown measures, has resulted in a significant reduction in frequency of large bodily injury claims. This, in turn, will give rise to better than expected results from UnipolRe's Motor Liability book of business.
Following on from a period of consolidation, for the 2021 renewals, underwriting discipline was maintained throughout, with the declinature of underperforming business as well as strategically aligning our undertakings in order to maximize the underwriting profit. Furthermore, rate increases were obtained across all major classes and in particular, Property CAT XOL and UK Motor Liability XOL.
Overall, UnipolRe's underwritten estimated income for 2021 is E253M compared to €208M for 2020, with the bulk of the growth coming from positive risk adjusted rate increases on renewal business.
The underwriting measures taken, combined with these rate increases are giving rise to the strongest forecasted performance to date.
The Company continues to improve on operational performance with further refinement of the actuarial pricing tools, subscribing to a new RMS CAT Modelling platform and in the monitoring of profitability throughout the renewal process.
The Company considers its key performance indicators to be its profit for the financial year, as well as on an ultimate basis, earned premiums net of reinsurance, claims incurred net of reinsurance and investment income.
The Company is regulated by the Central Bank of Ireland.

The profit and loss account for the year ended 31 December 2020 and the balance sheet at that date are set out on pages 17 to 22.
At year end 2020 the Gross Written Premium was €208.4m (2019: €264.2m), of which Life business accounted for E0.2m (2019: 60.3m). E16.2m was retroceded to the reinsurance market (2018: 68.1m). All of the retroceded business related to the Non-Life business.
The business of UnipolRe can be split between business carried out as a professional reinsurer (mainly Motor, Casualty and Property) and business from Group reinsurance programmes which are in run off. At year end 2020 Gross Written Premium assumed as a professional reinsurer was €206.4m (2019: €260.2m). The decrease of E53.8m was in line with the business plan of the Company and the Risk Appelite approved by the Board of Directors. The Company retroceded premium of €14.6m (2019: €4.1m) related to business carried out as a professional reinsurer. The Gross Written Premium from the Group reinsurance programmes was €1.7m (2019: €4.0m) and was fully retroceded.
All retrocessionaires were carefully selected on the basis of a thorough and constant analysis of their financial and economic status. This is in line with the Risk Appetite Statement and the Reinsurance and Other Mitigations Techniques Policy adopted by the Board of Directors.
The Non-Life business in 2020 resulted in a profit of €5.1m (2019: loss of €13.9m). The Life business in 2020 resulted in a loss of E0.2m (2019: profit E0.5m). The net technical result for the non-life portfolio was a gain of €7.9m (2019: loss of €9.7m). This net technical result includes commissions of €39.2m (2019: €44.6m) and the allocation of interests on deposit of €0.27m (2019: €0.31m) but excludes administration expenses and allocation of income.
The Covid-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the results of different areas of the business over the year. As of 31 December 2020. the company posted €20.7m reserves for expected business interruption claims caused by the pandemic. However, the pandemic has also significantly reduced motor claims volumes and this effect has reduced motor reserves by €16.5m (net of sliding scale commission).
Investment Income was €21.9m (2019: €14.6m). This was mainly made up of interest on Available for Sale (AFS) securities of €6.1m (2019: €5.3m) and foreign exchange gain of €14.5m which are predominantly the result of GBP/Euro and CAD/Euro movements over the course of the year on the assets supporting the technical provisions (2019: foreign exchange gain €7.6m.)
Investment Charges were €13.1m (2019: €8.6m). These were made up of investment expenses of E0.7m (2019: €0.6m) and foreign exchange loss of €12.5m which are predominantly the result of GBP/Euro and ILS/Euro movements over the year on the technical provisions (2019: foreign exchange loss 8.0m).

The gain on realisation of investment was €1.1m (2019: €1.4m). On the Statement of Other Comprehensive Income there is a movement in unrealised gains and losses during 2020 which resulted in a profit of E10.9m (2019: profit of €10.2m). The main driver of this movement was a profit of £11.4m from market valuations and a loss of €0.5m (2019: loss of €1.5m) from derecognition of securities. This variation is due to a decrease in interest rates in the financial markets coupled with an increased duration of financial instruments held by the Company and the increase in the stocks.
The total financial investments of the Company at year end 2020 was €762.1m (2019: 6679.5m). Deposits with cedant companies were e93.3m (2019: €74.2m). This increase is due to the higher volume of inward reinsurance programmes in UnipolRe's book of business. Reinsurers share of technical provisions was 690.7m (2019: E104.9m), this fall was due to the run off of the inward group business acceptances which are mostly retroceded.
Debtors decreased from €120.7m in 2019 to €94.7m in 2020 due to decrease in the volume of business written.
The other assets which mainly relate to deposits with credit institutions were €29.7m (2019: €16.4m).
Technical provisions increased by €57.7m from €518.1m in 2019 to €575.8m in 2020. This is mainly due to the increased volume of activity carried out in 2020.
Deposits received from reinsurers, which are related to the old book of business, decreased from €14.7m in 2019 to €10.1m in 2020 due to the decline of this book of business.
Creditors amounted to €17.4m in 2020 (2019: €16.7m).
The exposure to Reinsurers, measured as outstanding premium and advised claim reserves, net of amounts deposited and creditors arising out of reinsurance operations, amounts to 660.1m (2019: 667.0m). Out of this total, €39.0m (2019: €40.7m) relate to counterparties with an S&P rating of AA- and better (or the equivalent thereof), e21.1m (2019: €26.3m) relate to counterparties with an S&P rating below AA-.
The Company reported a profit on ordinary activities before taxation of €9.1m (in 2019 loss of €10.2m). The profit after tax amounts to €7.9m (2019: loss of €9.1m).
The Board of Directors is responsible for ensuring that adequate internal control and risk management procedures are maintained by the Company. Operational responsibility for monitoring, measuring, mitigating and reporting risks connected with the Company's activities rests with the management.
The Company has developed appropriate corporate governance procedures taking into account the regulatory and group requirements. The Directors are aware of the critical need for effective corporate governance, risk management and internal controls in order to guide the Company's business activities, thereby promoting compliance with all relevant laws and regulations.
6

The risk management activity involves an effective risk management framework including identification, measurement, monitoring, management and reporting of risks to which the business could be exposed. Effective risk management also includes a risk governance process. The key risks monitored include (re)insurance risk, market risk, credit risk, liquidity risk and operational risk.
The most material risk that the company is subject to is (re)insurance risk arising from reinsurance obligations. This includes the risk that the premium incomes are insufficient to compensate future claims, the risk that the reserves are inadequate to cover the settlement costs incurred from past claim events and catastrophe risk arising from extreme or exceptional events. The pricing team, which are independent from the underwriting team, assess the expected profitability and key areas of uncertainties of new and renewing business using best practice pricing techniques within the actuarial control environment including procedures, documentations, referral criteria and peer reviews. This reduces the risk of mis-pricing. The reserves are subject to a reserving process which is led by the Reserving Actuary and also involves input from the Head of Claims, and the Head of Actuarial Function. The reserving process is overseen by the Reserving Committee. This process aims to ensure that the reserves based on best estimate ultimate loss ratios are adequate for each treaty. The Solvency II reserves are signed off by the Head of Actuarial Function, who is independent from the Company, in the form of an Actuarial Opinion on Technical Provisions. The catastrophe risk is mitigated through continuous monitoring of exposures, holding adequate capital and the usage of reinsurance protection.
The Company's market risk is related to the portfolio of financial instruments held by the Company. These are subject to minimum credit limits and specific limits for each asset class. The Board of Directors has adopted a prudent approach to market risk within its investment strategy. The investment policy sets out limits for assets liability matching and sensitivity limits on equity, interest rate and spread risk. The credit risk is related to the exposures with cedants, retrocessionaires and the asset portfolio within the shareholders' funds. These are moniored and mitigated through strict credit limits. The limits in relation to market risk, liquidity and credit risk are monitored on a monthly basis.
Operational risk is monitored, managed and controlled through the risk register process. Each department has their own individual risk register. The risk registers are now in a 3-year testing cycle and are reviewed an updated by the Compliance and Risk function annually. The Compliance function as the second line of defence has responsibility for oversight and monitoring of the risk register framework.
The Company is governed by the regulatory requirements of the Central Bank of Ireland and these involve certain requirements regarding the valuation of the Company's assets and liabilities and solvency capital requirements. The regulatory risks faced by the Company in relation to possible changes in the future regulatory framework are monitored by the Head of Compliance, who reports directly to the Board on any updates or developments in this area.
The Company's Own Risk and Solvency Assessment (ORSA) is a key element of the risk framework, which highlights the link between business strategy, capital management. The Risk Committee and the Board of Directors play a key role in the ORSA Process. As part of the ORSA, evaluation of the company's future solvency needs based on business plan for the next five years are conducted, along with a wide range of scenario analyses and stress tests performed on the material risks to assess the vulnerabilities of the balance sheet and the business plan. The Emerging and Strategic Risk Register is a key driver in determining the scenarios used in the ORSA and the scenarios are approved by the Risk Committee.

The Board of Directors has approved a Risk Appetite Statement, which outlines the Board's appetite for each risk class and in relation to the overall business. The Risk Appetite Statement includes specific tolerances for each risk class. The specific tolerances for each class are measured against capital absorption limits within the standard formula of the Solvency Capital Requirement under the Solvency II regime. The risk framework also includes a Risk Register which outlines the individual risks associated with each business unit and in relation to the Company as a whole.
The process of risk acceptance and risk management is addressed through a framework of policies, procedures and internal controls. All policies are subject to Board approval and ongoing review by management, risk management and internal audit. Compliance with regulation, legal and ethical standards is a high priority for the Company and the compliance team and the finance department take on an important oversight role in this regard. The Audit Committee is responsible for satisfying itself that a proper internal control framework exists to manage financial risks and that controls operate effectively. The Company has developed a framework for identifying the risks that each business sector, and the Company as a whole, is exposed to and their impact on economic capital. This process is risk based and uses Individual Capital Assessment principles to manage capital requirements and to ensure the financial strength and capital adequacy to support the growth of the business and to meet the requiremarties, regulator and rating agency. The principal risks from our general insurance business arise from inaccurate pricing; fluctuations in the timing, frequency and severity of claims compared to our expectations; inadequate reinsurance protection; and inadequate reserving. In addition, the Company is exposed to financial risks arising from the investments that it holds. These risks are discussed in the section of this report dealing with financial risk management. Our underwriting and reinsurance strategies are approved by the Board and communicated clearly throughout the business through policy statements and guidelines.
Additional disclosure of risk management is presented in note 29 to 30 after financial statements.
The Directors have reasonable expectations, having made appropriate enquiries that the Company has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. The Directors have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from the date on which the financial statements are authorised for issue. The Directors have made this assessment on the basis of the approved business plan in considering the risks on the business through the use of stresses and scenarios in assessing capital strength. As a result, the Directors consider it appropriate to adopt the going concern basis in preparing the annual financial statements.
The Company continues to monitor the impacts of Covid-19. To date there have been no developments in relation to Covid-19 that impact the ability of the Company to continue as a going concern. The impact of Covid-19 on the Company's claims reserves has been disclosed in the Principal activities and review of the development of the business section above
No dividend has been paid during the financial year ended 31 December 2020 (2019: €0). No dividend has been proposed for distribution
The directors, who served at any time during the financial year except as noted, are set out below: E. San Pietro (Italian) - Chairman M.G.V, Sordoni (Italian) - CEO S. Hughes - INED A.H. Tully (New Zealander) - INED L. Zaccherini (Italian)
None of the Directors or the Secretary had any interest in the share capital of the company or any group company at 31 December 2020 greater than 1% of voting interests.
There are no known post balance sheet events that have a material impact on the company's financial statements.
On 15ª January 2021, the UK Supreme Court made a ruling, affecting the Covid-19 related business interruption reserves held by the company. However, the company has analysed the ruling in depth and determined that it does not represent a material impact on reserves.
The directors in office at the date of this report have each confirmed that:
The directors acknowledge that they are responsible for securing the Company's compliance with its relevant obligations.
The directors confirm that they have:
It is noted that the Company has an established Audit Committee.
To ensure that proper accounting records are kept in accordance with Sections 281 to 285 of the Companies Act 2014, the directors have employed appropriately qualified accounting personnel and have maintained appropriate computerised accounting systems. The accounting records are located at the Company's registered office at The Watermarque, Ringsend Road, D04 K7N3.
The Company is subject to "The Corporate Governance Code for Credit Institutions and Insurance Undertakings" but is not deemed to be a "major institution" under the terms of the code.
There were no contracts or arrangements of any significance in relation to the business of the Company in which the directors had any interests, as defined by the Companies Act, 2014, at any time during the financial year ended 31 December 2020 (2019: Enil).
The Company did not make any political donations during the financial year (2019: E0).
The auditors, PricewaterhouseCoopers, Chartered Accountants, have expressed their willingness to continue in office in accordance with Section 383(2) of the Companies Act 2014.
Approved by the Board and signed on its behalf by:
Director - Marc Guy Victor Sordoni
Director - Enrico San Pietro
15th March 2021
EMARKET SDIR certif

The directors are responsible for preparing the directors' report and the financial statements in accordance with Irish law.
Irish law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under the directors have elected to prepare the financial statements in accordance with FRS 102 The Financial Reporting Standard and FRS103 Insurance Contracts applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland ("relevant financial reporting framework"). Under Irish law, the directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities and financial position of the company as at the financial year end date and of the profit or loss of the company for the financial year and otherwise comply with the Companies Act 2014.
In preparing those financial statements, the directors are required to:
The directors are responsible for ensuring that the company keeps or causes to be kept adequate accounting records which correctly explain and record the transactions of the company, enable at any time the assets, liabilities, financial position and profit or loss of the company to be determined with reasonable accuracy, enable them to ensure that the financial statements and directors' report comply with the Companies Act 2014 and enable the financial statements to be audited. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.
11

In our opinion, UnipolRe DAC's financial statements:
We have audited the financial statements, included within the Directors' report and financial statements, which comprise:
Our opinion is consistent with our reporting to the Audit Committee.
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (Ireland) ("ISAs (Ireland)") and applicable law.
Our responsibilities under ISAs (Ireland) are further described in the Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.
We remained independent of the company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in Ireland, which includes IAASA's Ethical Standard as applicable to public interest entities, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements.
To the best of our knowledge and belief, we declare that non-audit services prohibited by IAASA's Ethical Standard were not provided to the company.
Other than those disclosed in note 7 to the financial statements, we have provided no non-audit services to the company in the period from 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2020.


Overview
| Materiality | |
|---|---|
| ateriality | €4,800,000 (2019: €4,656,000) Based on 1% of shareholders' funds. |
| Audit scope | Audit scope |
| Key audit | · We have performed a full scope audit on the company's financial statements, based on materiality levels. |
| matters | Key audit matters |
| · Valuation of claims outstanding |
As part of designing our audit, we determined materiality and assessed the risks of material misstatement in the financial statements. In particular, we looked at where the directors made subjective judgements, for example in respect of significant accounting estimates that involved making assumptions and considering future events that are inherently uncertain. As in all of our audits we also addressed the risk of management override of internal controls, including evaluating whether there was evidence of bias by the directors that represented a risk of material misstatement due to fraud.
Key audit matters are those matters that, in the auditors' professional judgement, were of most significance in the audit of the financial statements of the current period and include the most significant assessed risks of material misstatement (whether or not due to fraud) identified by the auditors, including those which had the greatest effect on: the overall audit strategy; the allocation of resources in the audit; and directing the efforts of the engagement team. These matters, and any comments we make on the results of our procedures thereon, were addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters. This is not a complete list of all risks identified by our audit.
| Key audit matter | How our audit addressed the key audit matter |
|---|---|
| Villuation of claims outstanding Refer to note 1 (Accounting Policies - Outstanding claims), note 17 (Claims Outstanding), note 23 (Claims Development) and note 30 (Insurance Risk Management) to the financial statements |
|
| The provision for claims outstanding is the company's largest liability and its valuation involves considerable judgement. |
We evaluated the actuarial methodologies and key assumptions with the assistance of our actuarial specialists. This involved: |
| The provision is determined using complex actuarial calculations and requires the consideration of detailed methodologies, multiple assumptions and significant judgements, particularly for the longer tail classes of business. |
· assessing the assumptions and methodologies underpinning management's actuarial valuation; · carrying out our own independent valuations for a sample of treaties; and · reconciliation of the actuarial valuation outputs to |
| The level of provisioning has been set on the basis of the information which is currently available, including potential outstanding loss advices, experience of development of similar claims and expected claims settlement expenses. |
the financial statements. We also: · tested the design and operating effectiveness of the controls over claims processing and payment; |


| Key audit matter | How our audit addressed the key audit matter |
|---|---|
| As a result, the valuation of claims outstanding was a key area of focus. |
· tested case reserves to treaty statements received from cedents; and · reconciled the data used in the actuarial models to the underlying systems. |
| We concluded that the methodologies and assumptions adopted were appropriate and that the claims outstanding figure was calculated in accordance with these. |
We tailored the scope of our audit to ensure that we performed enough work to be able to give an opinion on the financial statements as a whole, taking into account the structure of the accounting processes and controls, and the industry in which it operates.
The scope of our audit was influenced by our application of materiality. We set certain quantitative thresholds for materiality. These, together with qualitative considerations, helped us to determine the scope of our audit and the nature, timing and extent of our audit procedures on the individual financial statement line items and disclosures and in evaluating the effect of misstatements, both individually and in aggregate on the financial statements as a whole.
Based on our professional judgement, we determined materiality for the financial statements as a whole as follows:
| Overall materiality | €4,800,000 (2019: €4,656,000). |
|---|---|
| How we determined it | 1% of shareholders' funds. |
| Rationale for benchmark applied |
We have selected this benchmark as, in our view shareholders' funds is an appropriate benchmark given the circumstances and the nature of the entity's business. In selecting the benchmark we have also given consideration to the key users of the financial statements. |
We agreed with the Audit Committee that we would report to them misstatements identified during our audit above €240,000 (2019: €232,800) as well as misstatements below that amount that, in our view, warranted reporting for qualitative reasons.
Our evaluation of the directors' assessment of the company's ability to continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting included:
Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from the financial statements are authorised for issue.
In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors' use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.
However, because not all future events or conditions can be predicted, this conclusion is not a guarantee as to the company's ability to continue as a going concern.
Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.


The other information comprises all of the information in the Directors' report and financial statements other than the financial statements and our auditors' report thereon. The directors are responsible for the information. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, accordingly, we do not express an audit opinion or, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in this report, any form of assurance thereon.
In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify an apparent material inconsistency or material misstatement, we are required to perform procedures to conclude whether there is a material misstatement of the financial statements or a material misstatement of the other information. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report based on these responsibilities.
With respect to the Directors' Report, we also considered whether the disclosures required by the Companies Act 2014 have been included.
Based on the responsibilities described above and our work undertaken in the course of the audit, ISAs (Ireland) and the Companies Act 2014 require us to also report certain opinions and matters as described below:
As explained more fully in the Directors' Responsibilities Statement set out on page 11, the directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements in accordance with the applicable framework and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view.
The directors are also responsible for such internal control as they determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the company or to cease operations or have no realistic alternative but to do so.
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditors' report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (Ireland) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.
Our audit testing might include testing complete populations of certain transactions and balances, possibly using data auditing techniques. However, it typically involves selecting a limited number of testing, rather than testing complete populations. We will often seek to target particular items for testing based on their size or risk characteristics. In other cases, we will use audit sampling to enable us to draw a conclusion about the population from which the sample is selected.
A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the IAASA website
https://www.iaasa.ie/getmedia/b2389013-1cf6-458b-9b8f-a98202dc9c3a/Description of auditors responsibilities for audit.pdf
This description forms part of our auditors' report.


This report, including the opinions, has been prepared for and only for the company's members as a body in accordance with section 391 of the Companies Act 2014 and for no other purpose. We do not, in giving these opinions, accept or assume responsibility for any other person to whom this report is shown or into whose hands it may come save where expressly agreed by our prior consent in writing.
Companies Act 2014 opinions on other matters
Under the Companies Act 2014 we are required to report to you if, in our opinion, the disclosures of directors' remuneration and transactions specified by sections 305 to 312 of that Act have not been made. We have no exceptions to report arising from this responsibility.
We were appointed by the directors in 2014 to audit the financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2014 and subsequent financial period of total uninterrupted engagement is 7 years, covering the years ended 31 December 2014 to 31 December 2020.
Shane McDonald for and on behalf of PricewaterhouseCoopers Chartered Accountants and Statutory Audit Firm Dublin
SDIR certified
| Notes | 2020 €'000 |
2019 € 000 |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Gross premiums written | 2 | 208,183 | 263,939 |
| Outward reinsurance premiums | (16,260) | (8,092) | |
| Change in gross provision for uneamed premiums and in the gross provision for unexpired risks |
2 | 18,302 | (9,798) |
| Change in the provision for unearned premiums, reinsurers' share | (3,113) | (7,445) | |
| Earned premiums, net of reinsurance | 207,112 | 238,604 | |
| Allocated investment return transferred from non-technical account | 4,546 | 2,665 | |
| Other technical income | 675 | 412 | |
| Total technical income | 212,333 | 241,681 | |
| Claims paid, gross amount | 2 | 65,181 | 55,456 |
| Claims paid, reinsurers' share | (5,550) | (6,590) | |
| Change in the provision for claims, gross amount | 2 | 90,293 | 135,935 |
| Change in the provision for claims, reinsurers' share | 11,004 | 19,051 | |
| Claims incurred, net of reinsurance | 160,928 | 203,852 | |
| Net operating expenses | 3 | 46.305 | 51.122 |
| Other technical charges, net of reinsurance | 2 | 9 | 636 |
| Total technical charges | 207,242 | 255,610 | |
| Balance on the technical account - non-life insurance business | 5,091 | (13,929) |

| Notes | 20220 €000 |
2019 €000 |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Gross premiums written | 2 | 244 | 294 |
| Outward reinsurance premiums | |||
| Change in gross provision for unearned premiums | 6 | (65) | |
| Change in gross provision for unearned premiums, reinsurers, share | 2 | ||
| Earned premiums, net of reinsurance | 250 | 229 | |
| Allocated investment return transferred from non technical account | ા ર | 14 | |
| Total technical income | 265 | 243 | |
| Claims paid, gross amount | 2 | 218 | 68 |
| Claims paid, reinsurers' share | |||
| Change in the provision for claims, gross amount | 2 | 100 | (392) |
| Change in the provision for claims, reinsurers' share | 0 | 0 | |
| Claims incurred, net of reinsurance | 318 | (327) | |
| Net operating expenses | 3 | 104 | 102 |
| Total technical charges | 422 | (225) | |
| Balance on the technical account - life assurance business | (157) | 468 |
18

| Notes | 2020 €000 |
2019 ۼ000 |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Balance on the technical account - non-life insurance business | 5,091 | (13,929) | |
| Balance on the technical account - life assurance business | (157) | 468 | |
| Investment income | 5 | 21,862 | 14,582 |
| Investment charges | 6 | (13,137) | (8,596) |
| 13,659 | (7,475) | ||
| Allocated investment return transferred to the non-life insurance technical account |
(4,546) | (2,665) | |
| Allocated investment return transferred to the life insurance technical account |
(15) | (14) | |
| Other charges | (9) | (82) | |
| PROFIT/(LOSS) ON ORDINARY ACTIVITIES BEFORE TAXATION |
7 | 9,089 | (10,236) |
| Taxation (charge) credit on profit (loss) on ordinary activities | 9 | (1,186) | 1,148 |
| PROFIT/(LOSS) ON ORDINARY ACTIVITIES AFTER TAXATION |
7,903 | (9,088) |
The accompanying notes form an integral part of the financial statements.
SDIR certified
| 2020 €000 |
2019 € 000 |
|
|---|---|---|
| PROFIT/(LOSS) FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR | 7,903 | (9,088) |
| Movement in unrealised gains and losses arising on revaluation of available for sale securities |
10,891 | 10,238 |
| Tax relating to components of other comprehensive income |
(1,361) | (1,280) |
| OTHER COMPREFENSIVE INCOME | 9.530 | 8,958 |
| TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME/(EXPENSE) ATTRIBUTABLE TO EQUITY SHAREHOLDERS OF THE COMPANY |
17,433 | (130) |

| Notes | 2020 C'000 |
2019 €'000 |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| ASSETS | |||
| INTANGIBLE ASSETS | |||
| Software | 13 | 303 | 449 |
| INVESTMENTS | |||
| Investments in group undertakings and participating interests | 10 | 5,137 | 5,137 |
| Other financial investments | 11 | 762,149 | 679,477 |
| Deposits with ceding undertakings | 93,343 | 74,271 | |
| 860,629 | 758,885 | ||
| REINSURERS' SHARE OF TECHNICAL PROVISIONS |
|||
| Provision for unearned premiums | 16 | 11.809 | 14,943 |
| Claims outstanding non-life | 17 | 78,902 | 89,907 |
| Claims outstanding life | 17 | ||
| 90,711 | 104,850 | ||
| DEBTORS | |||
| Debtors arising out of reinsurance operations | 12 | 92,944 | 117,808 |
| Other debtors (including tax) | 12 | 1,763 | 2,893 |
| 94,707 | 120,701 | ||
| OTHER ASSETS | |||
| Tangible fixed assets | 13 | 160 | 193 |
| Cash and bank and in hand | 29,578 | 16,231 | |
| 29,738 | 16,424 | ||
| PREPAYMENTS AND ACCRUED INCOME | |||
| Accrued interest | |||
| Other prepayments and accrued income | 123 | 22 | |
| 123 | 22 | ||
| Deferred acquisition cost | 13,662 | 15,976 | |
| TOTAL ASSETS | 1,089,873 | 1,017,307 |
21

| Notes | 2020 €000 |
2019 €'000 |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| LIABISTES | |||
| CAPITAL AND RESERVES | |||
| Called up share capital presented as equity | 14 | 300,635 | 300,635 |
| Other reserves | 15 | 26,487 | 26,487 |
| Reserve for Available for Sales securities | 24,464 | 14,934 | |
| Profit and loss account | 131,472 | 123,569 | |
| 483,058 | 465,625 | ||
| TECHNICAL PROVISIONS | |||
| Provision for unearned premiums | 16 | 82,615 | 103,439 |
| Claims outstanding non-life | 17 | 491,738 | 413,266 |
| Claims outstanding life | 17 | 1,452 | 1,352 |
| 575,805 | 518,057 | ||
| DEPOSITS REGENTED FROM REINSURERS | 10,076 | 14,711 | |
| CREDITORS | |||
| Creditors arising out of reinsurance operations | 15,464 | 15,184 | |
| Other creditors excluding tax and social welfare | 18 | 1,890 | 1,511 |
| 17,354 | 16,695 | ||
| Deferred tax liability | 3,580 | 2,219 | |
| TOTAL LIABILITIES | 1,089,873 | 1,017,307 |
The accompanying notes form an integral part of the financial statements.
The financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors on 15th March 2021 and authorised for issue on 15th March 2021. They were signed on its behalf by:
Director Marchay Victor Sordoni
15th March 2021
Director Sprico San Pietro
22
SDIR certified
| 2020 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Called up share capital |
Reserve for Available for Sale Securities |
Other reserves |
Profit and loss account |
Total | |
| € 000 | €'000 | €000 | ۼ000 | €000 | |
| At 1 January 2020 | 300,635 | 14,934 | 26,487 | 123,569 | 465,625 |
| Issue of share capital | |||||
| Profit for the financial year | 7.903 | 7,903 | |||
| Other comprehensive income | 9,530 | 9,530 | |||
| Dividends paid | |||||
| At 31 December 2020 | 300,635 | 24,464 | 26,487 | 131,472 | 483,058 |
| 2019 | Called up | Reserve for | Other | Profit and | Total |
| share capital |
Available for Sale Securities |
reserves | loss account | ||
| €'000 | € 000 | €000 | €000 | €000 | |
| At 1 January 2019 | 300,635 | 5,977 | 26,487 | 132,657 | 465,756 |
| Issue of share capital | |||||
| Loss for the financial year | (9,088) | (9,088) | |||
| Other comprehensive income | 8.958 | 8,958 | |||
| Dividends paid | |||||
| At 31 December 2019 | 300,635 | 14.934 | 26,487 | 123,569 | 465,625 |

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Companies Act 2014, FRS 102 and FRS 103, the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland. The financial statements have been prepared on the going concern basis, there being no doubt about the ability of the Company to continue its operations in the future.
The Directors have reasonable expectations, having made appropriate enquiries that the Company has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. The Directors have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from the date on which the financial statements are authorised for issue. The Directors have made this assessment on the basis of the approved business plan in place and in considering the risks on the business through the use of stresses and scenarios in assessing capital strength. As a result, the Directors consider it appropriate to adopt the going concern basis in preparing the annual financial statements.
The Company continues to monitor the impacts of Covid-19. To date there have been no developments in relation to Covid-19 that impact the ability of the Company to continue as a going concern. The impact of Covid-19 on the Company's claims reserves has been disclosed in the Principal activities and review of the development of the business section above.
The financial statements are prepared in accordance with the applicable accounting standards under the historical cost conversion, except for investments, which have been measured at fair value and debtors, which have been measured at the net realisable value and comply with the accounting standards issued by the Financial Reporting Council.
A summary of the significant accounting policies are set out below:
The annual basis of accounting has been applied to all classes of business.
The Company accepts reinsurance risk in the normal course of business for life assurance and non-life insurance contracts where applicable. Premiums and claims on accepted reinsurance are recognised as revenue or expenses in the same manner as they would be if the reinsurance were considered direct business, taking into account the product classification of the reinsured business. Reinsurance liabilities represent balances due to cedant companies. Amounts payable are estimated in a manner consistent with the related reinsurance contract.
The Company retrocedes insurance risk in the normal course of business for all its businesses. Reinsurance assets represent balances due from retrocessionaires. Amounts recoverable from retrocessionaires are estimated in a manner consistent with the outstanding claims provision or settled claims associated with the retrocessionaires' policies and are in accordance with the related reinsurance contract. Reinsurance

assets are reviewed for impairment at each reporting date or more frequently when an indication of impairment arises during the financial year. Impairment occurs when there is objective evidence as a result of an event that occurred after initial recognition of the reinsurance asset that the Company may not receive all outstanding amounts due under the terms of the event has a reliably measurable impact on the amounts that the Company will receive from the retrocessionaires. The impairment loss is recorded in the income statement. Gains or losses on buying reinsurance are recognised in the income statement immediately at the date of purchase and are not amortised.
Premiums and claims are presented on a gross basis for both ceded and assumed reinsurance. Reinsurance asses or liabilities are derecognised when the contractual rights are extinguished or expire or when the contract is transferred to another party.
Reinsurance contracts that do not transfer significant insurance risk are accounted for directly through the statement of financial position. These are deposit assets or financial liabilities that are recognised based on the consideration paid or received less any explicit identified premiums or fees to be retained by the reinsured. Investment income on these contracts is accounted for using the effective interest rate method when accrued.
Premiums written relate to business incepted during the financial year, together with any difference between booked premiums for prior financial years and those previously reported. Reinsurance premiums are accounted for on the same basis as the gross premiums written.
Uneamed premiums represent the proportions of the premiums written in the financial year that relate to financial years of risk subsequent to the statement of financial position date. For all classes of business except the bond line of business, uneamed premiums are calculated on a pro-rata basis. For the bond unearned premium calculation, the premium is spread over 8 financial years according to the earnings pattern used by the cedant companies.
When the payment of a loss makes the reinstatement premium fall due, the reinstatement premium is simultaneously taken to the technical account and recorded through gross written premiums. For the retrocessionaires' share of the reinstatement premiums a corresponding cost is taken to the technical account and recorded through outward reinsurance premiums.

Where notified outstanding loss reserves exceed the level of claims which would give rise to a reinstatement premium, a reinstatement premium asset is recognised and included in debtors arising out of reinsurance operations.
A corresponding liability is set up in creditors arising out of reinsurance operations for the retrocessionaires' share of reinstatement premiums.
Movements in the asset and liability are taken to the technical account as other technical income or other technical charges as appropriate.
Provision is made for any deficiencies arising when unearned premiums, net of associated acquisition costs, are insufficient to meet expected claims and expenses after taking into account future investment return on the investments supporting the provision for unearned premiums ('UPR') and unexpired risks provision. The expected claims are calculated based on information available at the balance sheet date.
Unexpired risks surpluses and deficits are offset where business classes are managed together and a provision is made if an aggregate deficit arises. The unexpired risks provision is included within 'Provision for unearned premiums'.
Provision is made for the estimated cost of all claims notified but not settled at the date of the statement of financial position and for the estimated cost of claims incurred but not reported. Reinsurance claims are accounted for on the same basis as gross claims.
The provisions for claims outstanding, and claims incurred but not reported ("IBNR"), have been based on a detailed consideration of the risks by management and directors of the Company, who consider the provisions adequate. The level of provisioning has been set on the information which is currently available, including potential outstanding loss advices, experience of development of similar claims and expected claims settlement expenses. Whilst the directors consider that the provision levels are fairly stated on the basis of the information currently available to them, the ultimate liability will vary as a result of subsequent information and events and may result in material adjustments to the amounts provided. Any differences between original claims provisions and subsequent re-estimates or settlements are reflected in the underwriting results of the financial year in which claims have been reviewed by the Company.
Technical provisions are included at values calculated by the Company's actuaries and reviewed and validated by the senior management of the Company. The method and assumptions for the calculation of the technical provisions required in respect of claims which had been incurred but not reported to the Company by the end of the financial year have been calculated by the Company's actuaries and reviewed by the senior management of the Company.
Acquisition costs include all commissions arising from the conclusion of reinsurance treaties with cedant companies and are calculated on a calendar year basis. Deferred acquisition costs are calculated on a prorata basis. Reinsurance commissions include all commissions arising from the conclusion of retrocession treaties and are calculated on a calendar year basis.
Deferred acquisition costs are included as an asset in the Statement of Financial Position.
Listed investments are included in the statement of financial position at market value. Some of the investments are held at amortised cost.
Investments in subsidiary undertakings engaged in reinsurance are stated at cost less provision for any permanent diminution in value.
Investment income includes dividends, interest and gains on the realisation of investment. charges include losses on the realisation of investment expenses. Investment transactions are recorded on an accruals basis.
Realised gains and losses are taken to the Income Statement. Unrealised gains and losses related to available for sale (AFS) assets are presented in the Statement of Other Comprehensive Income. The cumulative unrealised gains and losses is included in a separate AFS reserve within equity in the Balance Sheet and a deferred tax liability asset is recognised in relation to these cumulative unrealised gains and losses.
An allocation of investment return from the non-technical account to the non-life and life technical accounts are made on the basis of the actual investment related to the non-life and life technical accounts.
The Company assesses at each reporting date whether a financial asset or group of financial assets is impaired. A financial asset or a group of financial assets is deemed to be impaired if, and only if, there is objective evidence of impairment as a result of one or more events that has occurred after the initial recognition of the asset (an incurred "loss event") and that loss event has an impact on the estimated future cash flows of the financial asset or the group of financial assets that can be reliably estimated.
EMARKET SDIR certified

Evidence of impairment may include indications that a debtor or a group of debtors is experiencing significant financial difficulty, default or delinquency in interest or principal payments, the probability that they will enter bankruptcy or other financial reorganisation and where observable data indicate that there is a measurable decrease in the estimated future cash flows, such as changes in arrears or economic conditions that correlate with defaults.
Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the exchange rates ruling at the statement of financial position date. Revenues and costs are translated at the exchange rates ruling at the date of the transactions.
Profits and losses arising from foreign currency translations are included in the income statement.
The Company's functional and presentation currency is the euro, denominated by the symbol "€" and unless otherwise stated, the financial statements have been presented in thousands ('000).
Corporation tax is provided on taxable profits at the current rates applicable to the Company's activities.
Deferred tax is recognised in respect of all timing differences that have originated but not reversed at the statement of financial position date where transactions or events have occurred at that date that will result in an obligation to pay more or the right to pay less tax. Deferred tax is measured on an undiscounted basis at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the periods in which timing differences reverse.
The Company reviews the status of the reinsurance receivables periodically and based on the information received by the Credit Control Department makes estimates affecting the value of such receivables shown in the financial statements. Key factors on these estimations are the credit rating of the counterparty and/or the possibility of entering into litigation.
Depreciation has been provided on all tangible fixed assets at a rate calculated to write off the cost less estimated residual value based on prices prevailing at the date of acquisition of each asset over its expected useful life as follows:
| Computer Equipment | 3 years |
|---|---|
| Office Equipment | 4 years |
Amortisation on all intangible fixed assets are calculated at rate to write off the cost less estimated residual value based on prices prevailing at the date of acquisition of each asset over its expected useful life as follows:
Software 3 years
The Company has adopted segmental reporting as stated in European Union (Insurance Undertakings: Financial Statements) Regulations, 2015 and disclosures about segment results are included on the basis of the classes of business.
The cost of providing retirement pensions and related benefits to staff is by way of a defined contribution scheme and is charged to the income statement as incurred.
Estimates and judgements are continually evaluated and are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, In the opinion of the directors, the only accounting estimate and judgement made in the course of preparing these financial statements which is difficult, subjective or complex to a degree that would warrant its description as critical is the estimate of the ultimate liability arising from claims made under reinsurance contracts.
The Company's actuaries apply conventional statistical or actuarial models in order to determine the ultimate liability of claims.
The Covid-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the results of different areas of the business over the year. As of 31 December 2020 the company posted €20.7m reserves for expected business interruption claims caused by the pandemic. However, the pandemic has also significantly reduced motor claims volumes and this effect has reduced motor reserves by €16.5m (net of sliding scale commission).
The Company is a subsidiary undertaking of a holding company established under the laws of a member state of the European Union. The Company is therefore exempt from the requirement to prepare consolidated financial statements and consequently these financial statements deal with the results of the Company as a single entity.
EMARKET SDIR ertifie
| Reinsurance Total 2020 |
Reinsurance Total 2019 |
|
|---|---|---|
| €000 | €000 | |
| Gross premiums written | 208,427 | 264,233 |
| Gross premiums earned | 226,735 | 254,370 |
| Gross claims incurred | (155,792) | (191,064) |
| Acquisition costs | (38,584) | (49,450) |
| Gross other technical income and charges | (9) | (636) |
| Total Balance | 32,350 | 13,220 |
All business is written in Ireland relating to risks situated outside of Ireland, mainly in Italy, Greece, France, UK, Belgium, Germany, Turkey, Czech Republic, Switzerland, and Israel. Gross premiums written relating to risks situated inside the European Union amount to €165m (2019: €191.8m). Gross premiums written relating to risks situated outside the European Union amount to €43.4m (2019: €72.4m)
EMARKET SDIR certified
| 2020 | 2019 | |
|---|---|---|
| e 000 | €000 | |
| Non-life reinsurance | ||
| Acquisition costs | 38,484 | 49,404 |
| Change in deferred acquisition costs | 1,585 | (3,362) |
| Administrative expenses | 8,009 | 7,477 |
| Management services for income | (924) | (917) |
| Retrocession commission | (849) | (1,480) |
| 46,305 | 51,122 | |
| Life reinsurance | ||
| Acquisition costs | 100 | 46 |
| Change in deferred acquisition costs | (2) | (5) |
| Administrative expenses | ਦਰੇ | |
| Management services for income | (1) | (8) |
| 104 | 102 |
The Company has entered into contracts to provide reinsurance related consultancy and management services to UnipolSai Group Companies with annual renewals to occur thereafter. For the financial year ended 31 December 2020, the Company earned €925,000 (2019: €925,000) under this contract. The change in deferred acquisition costs during the year represents the cumulative deferred acquisition cost balance at the year end.
The average number of persons employed by the Company during the financial year was 46 (2019: 45) and the costs are analysed as follows:
| 2020 | 2019 |
|---|---|
| €000 | €000 |
| 3.341 | 3,140 |
| 338 | 307 |
| 331 | 279 |
| 4,010 | 3,726 |
EMARKET SDIR CERTIFIED
6.
7.
| 2020 | 2019 | |
|---|---|---|
| €000 | €'000 | |
| Bank interest | 1 | 2 |
| Income/charge from deposits with ceding undertakings | 270 | 311 |
| Income/charge from other financial investments | 6,071 | 5,256 |
| Gain on the realisation of investments | 1,051 | 1,409 |
| Foreign exchange gain | 14,471 | 7,604 |
| 21,862 | 14,582 | |
| INVESTMENT CHARGES | 2020 | 2019 |
| €0000 | €000 | |
| Investment management expenses | 654 | ર્સ્કર |
| Foreign exchange loss | 12,483 | 8,011 |
| 13,137 | 8,596 | |
| PROFIT/(LOSS) ON ORDINARY ACTIVITIES BEFORE TAXATION |
||
| 2020 | 2019 | |
| €'000 | €'000 | |
| The profit/(loss) on ordinary activities before taxation is stated after charging: |
||
| Directors emoluments | ||
| For services as directors | 80 | 68 |
| Audit fee | ||
| *Audit of Company's financial statements | 65 | 65 |
| *Other assurance services | રેરે | રેરે |
| Depreciation and amortisation | 544 | 584 |
| Operating lease rentals | 454 | 469 |
Emoluments of Directors amounted to €80,000 (2019: €67,961). During 2020, Directors did not receive any amount related to gains on exercise of share options or benefits under long-term incentive schemes or contributions to retirement benefits scheme or compensation for loss of office or other termination payments (2019: nil). The executive director is remunerated by Group and no recharges of this cost to UnipolRe apply nor Irish tax liability arises.
| 2020 €0000 |
2019 €000 |
|
|---|---|---|
| Profit/(Loss) on ordinary activities before taxation | 9,089 | (10,236) |
| Factors affecting the tax charge for the financial year: | ||
| Irish corporation tax at 12.5% (2019: 12.5%) | (1,136) | 1,280 |
| Current tax (charge)/credit for the financial year | (1,136) | 1,280 |
| Tax charge related to previous financial year | (50) | (132) |
| Current tax (charge)/credit for the financial year | (1,186) | 1,148 |
EMARKET SDIR certifie
| 2020 | 2019 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| e 000 | €000 | ||
| Shares in group undertakings | |||
| DDOR RE (valued at cost) | 5,130 | 5,130 | |
| DDOR RE (valued at Net Realisable Value) | 5,618 | 5,493 | |
| UNIPOLSAI SERVIZI CONSORTILI (valued at cost) | 7 | ||
| UNIPOLSAI SERVIZI CONSORTILI (valued at Net Realisable Value) | 7 |
Investments in group undertakings is as follows:
| Company Name | Holding | Activity | Registered Office | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DDOR Re Joint Stock Reinsurance Company |
100% (49,999 shares) |
Reinsurance | Bul, Mihajla Pupina 21000 Novi Sad Republic of Serbia |
|
| UNIPOLS AISERVIZI CONSORITILI a responsabilità limitata |
0,02% | Provision of services |
Via Senigallia n, 18/2 20161 Milano Italy |
None of the shares of the above group undertakings are listed on a recognised stock exchange. In the opinion of the directors, the shares in the Company's group undertakings are worth at least the amount at which they are stated in the statement of financial position.
EMARKET SDIR certified

| 2020 | 2019 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Market Value |
Amortised cost |
Total | Historical cost |
Market Value |
Amortised cost |
Total | Historical cost |
|
| 000.0 | € 000 | € 000 | € 000 | € 000 . | €.000 | €"000 | € 000 | |
| Debt securities and other fixed income securities |
732.423 | 29.726 | 762.149 | 759.526 | 650.094 | 29.383 | 679.477 | 658.488 |
| 732,423 | 29.726 | 762,149 | 759,526 | 650,094 | 29,383 | 679.477 | 658,488 |
The investments are listed on recognised stock exchanges.
| DEBTORS ARISING OUT OF REINSURANCE | ||
|---|---|---|
| OPERATIONS | 2020 | 2019 |
| €0000 | €000 | |
| Due from group companies | ||
| Due from non-group companies | 92.944 | 117,808 |
| 92.944 | 117,808 |
Debtors due from non-group companies are net of bad debt provision of €900,000 (2019 €900,000).
| OTHER DEBTORS | 2020 €000 |
2019 |
|---|---|---|
| €000 | ||
| Due from group companies for reinsurance services | 508 | 463 |
| Other debtors | 124 | 138 |
| Taxation: | ||
| Current corporation tax receivable | 1.131 | 2,292 |
| 1,763 | 2,893 |

| Software €000 |
l otal €'000 |
|
|---|---|---|
| Cost | ||
| At 1 January 2020 | 1,472 | 1,472 |
| Additions | 258 | 258 |
| At 31 December 2020 | 1,730 | 1,730 |
| Accumulated Amortisation | ||
| At 1 January 2020 | 1,023 | 1,023 |
| Charge for financial year | 404 | 404 |
| At 31 December 2020 | 1,427 | 1,427 |
| Net Book Value | ||
| At 31 December 2019 | 449 | 449 |
| At 31 December 2020 | 303 | 303 |
| Software €'000 |
Total €000 |
|
| Cost | ||
| At 1 January 2019 | ||
| Additions | 1,132 340 |
1,132 340 |
| At 31 December 2019 | 1,472 | 1,472 |
| Accumulated Amortisation | ||
| At 1 January 2019 | 280 | 580 |
| Charge for financial year | 443 | 443 |
| At 31 December 2019 | 1,023 | 1,023 ୍ଦୀ |
| Net Book Value | ||
| At 31 December 2018 | 552 | 552 |
Intangible assets refer mainly to software licenses and direct attributable costs of the technical accounting software SAP FS(RI/CD) and development costs for the underwriting system "The Navigator".

| Office Equipment |
Computer Equipment |
Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ۼ000 | €000 | €000 | |
| Cost | |||
| At 1 January 2020 | 457 | 424 | 881 |
| Additions | 107 | 107 | |
| At 31 December 2020 | 564 | 424 | 988 |
| Depreciation | |||
| At 1 January 2020 | 297 | 391 | 688 |
| Charge for financial year | 119 | 21 | 140 |
| At 31 December 2020 | 416 | 412 | 828 |
| Net Book Value | |||
| At 31 December 2019 | 160 | 33 | 193 |
| At 31 December 2020 | 148 | 12 | 160 |
| Office Equipment |
Computer Equipment |
Total | |
| €0000 | €'000 | €000 | |
| Cost | |||
| At 1 January 2019 | 382 | 424 | 806 |
| Additions | 75 | 75 | |
| At 31 December 2019 | 457 | 424 | 881 |
| Depreciation | |||
| At 1 January 2019 | 181 | 366 | 547 |
| Charge for financial year | 116 | 25 | 141 |
| At 31 December 2019 | 297 | 391 | 688 |
| Net Book Value | |||
| At 31 December 2018 | 201 | રેક | 259 |

15.
| 2020 €000 |
2019 €'000 |
|
|---|---|---|
| Authorised: | ||
| 301,250,000 Ordinary shares of €1 each (2019: 301,250,000 of €1 each) |
301,250 | 301,250 |
| Allotted, called up and fully paid | ||
| 300,635,000 Ordinary shares of €1 each (2019: 300,635,000 of €1 each) |
300,635 | 300,635 |
| OTHE I BERE PERSED PAY PES | ||
| 2020 | 2019 | |
| €000 | €'000 | |
| Capital contribution received | 26,484 | 26,484 |
| Capital conversion reserve fund | 3 | 3 |
| 26,487 | 26,487 |
On 9 August 2002, Fondiaria Nederlands B. V (currently UnipolSai Nederland BV) made a capital contribution to UnipolRe DAC.
The capital contribution reserve fund arose on the conversion of the share capital of the Company to Euro.
2020
| Gross €000 |
Reinsurance €000 |
Net € 0000 |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Opening provision | 103.439 | 14,943 | 88,496 |
| Movement in year (*) | (20,824) | (3,134) | (17,690) |
| Closing provision | 82,615 | 11,809 | 70,806 |
| 2019 | |||
| Gross €'000 |
Reinsurance €000 |
Net €000 |
|
| Opening provision | 89.415 | 22,375 | 67,040 |
| Movement in year (*) | 14,024 | (7,432) | 21,456 |
| Closing provision | 103,439 | 14,943 | 88.496 |
*Change in the gross provision for unearned premium on the income statement - technical account amounting to €18,309,000 (2019: €9,863,000) includes a decrease of an amount relating to premium portfolio movements of €1,679,000 (2019: €703,000) and an increase of an amount relating to FX loss on unearned premium reserves of €4,195,000 (2019: decrease €3,458,000 due to FX gain).
Change in the reinsurers' share of the provision for unearned premium on the income statement technical account amounting to €3,113,000 (2019: €7,445,000) includes a decrease of an amount relating to FX gain on unearned premium reserves of €21,000 (2019: increase €13,000 due to FX loss). No amount relating to premium portfolio movements has been accounted for at year ended 2020 (2019: nil).
The provision for unearned premium as at 31 December 2020 includes AURR for an amount of € nil (2019: €2,587,358).
EMARKET SDIR certifie
2020
| Gross | Reinsurance | Net | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0000 | €000 | €0000 | |
| Notified outstanding claims Provision for claims incurred but not |
290,404 | 68,488 | 221,916 |
| reported | 202,786 | 10.414 | 192,372 |
| 493,190 | 78,902 | 414.288 |
| Gross | Reinsurance | Net | |
|---|---|---|---|
| €000 | € 000 | €000 | |
| Notified outstanding claims Provision for claims incurred but not |
249,562 | 79,492 | 170,070 |
| reported | 165,056 | 10.415 | 154.641 |
| 414,618 | 89,907 | 324,711 |
| Provision for claims incurred but not reported |
Notified outstanding claims |
Total | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| €000 | €000 | €000 | ||
| Gross opening provision | 165,056 | 249,562 | 414,618 | |
| Movement in year (*) | 37,730 | 40,842 | 78,572 | |
| Closing provision | 202,786 | 290,404 | 493,190 | |
| Opening reinsurance | 10,415 | 79.492 | 89,907 | |
| Movement in year | (1) | (11,004) | (11,005) | |
| Closing reinsurance | 10,414 | 68,488 | 78,902 | |
| Net balance | 192,372 | 221,916 | 414,288 |
2019
| Provision for claims incurred but not reported |
Notified outstanding claims |
Total | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| €000 | €0000 | €000 | ||
| Gross opening provision | 86,519 | 182,981 | 269,500 | |
| Movement in year (*) | 78,537 | 66,581 | 145,118 | |
| Closing provision | 165,056 | 249,562 | 414,618 | |
| Opening reinsurance | 24,218 | 84.739 | 108,957 | |
| Movement in year | (13,803) | (5,247) | (19,050) | |
| Closing reinsurance | 10,415 | 79,492 | 89,907 | |
| Net balance | 154,641 | 170,070 | 324,711 |
*Change in the gross provision for claims on the income statement - technical account amounting to € 90,393,000 (2019: €135,540,000) includes an increase of an amount relating to portfolio movements of €820,000 (2019: decrease €5,031,000) and an increase of an amount relating to FX loss on provision for claim reserves of €11,021,000 (2019: decrease €4,547,000 due to FX gain).
Change in the reinsurers' share of the provision for claims on income statement - technical account amounting to €11,004,000 (2019: €19,051,000).
| 2020 | 2019 | |
|---|---|---|
| €000 | €000 | |
| Other creditors: | ||
| Group undertakings | 921 | 860 |
| Third parties | 839 | 516 |
| Taxation (Note 19) | 130 | 135 |
| 1,890 | 1,511 |
| 20220 €000 |
2019 €000 |
|
|---|---|---|
| Included in other creditors are the following taxation liabilities: | ||
| Corporation tax | - | |
| PAYE PRSI | 130 | 135 |
| Withholding tax | ||
| 130 | 135 |
The Company operates a defined contribution scheme within the meaning of the Pensions Act, 1990, for all employees.
During the financial year the amount contributed to this arrangement was €331,000 (2019: €279,000). No amounts outstanding are owed to the scheme at the statement of financial position date (2019: Enil).
The Company had no capital commitments at 31 December 2020 (2019: Enil).
Future commitment exists under non-cancellable operating leases as follows:
| 2020 | 2019 Land and Buildings |
||
|---|---|---|---|
| Land and Buildings |
|||
| €'000 | €'000 | ||
| Expiring: | |||
| between one and five years | 1,263 | 1,745 | |
| more than five years | |||
| 1,263 | 1,745 |
The lease contract terminates the 30th September 2023. Lease payments due since the 15 of January 2020 include €25,385 of yearly service charges for the following years.
2020 Gross Reinsurance Net €000 €000 €000 Loss provision at the beginning of the financial year for outstanding claims (89,907) incurred in previous financial years 414,638 324,731 Less: Payments made during the financial year on amounts of claims incurred in previous financial years 59.450 (5,550) 53,900 Loss provision at the end of the financial year for such outstanding claims 376.493 (78.902) 297,591 Income Statement impact of prior year claims (5,455) (21,305) (26,760) 2019 Gross Reinsurance Net €000 €000 €000 Loss provision at the beginning of the financial year for outstanding claims incurred in previous financial years 269,500 (108,957) 160,543 Less: Payments made during the financial year on amounts of claims incurred in 48,613 42,023 previous financial years (6,590) Loss provision at the end of the financial year for such outstanding claims 289,706 (89,907) 199,799 Income Statement impact of prior year claims (68,819) (12,460) (81,279)

(b) Loss Development Table - Gross (non-life and life) values expressed in Euro thousands.
| Gross Cumulative claim payments |
Prior vear |
2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| At end of UY | (8,653) | (8,478) | (13,967) | (5,014) | (6,912) | (5,792) | ||
| One year later | (11,513) | (14,401) | (25,674) | (35,728) | (43,390) | |||
| Two years later | (14,118) | (16,767) | (33,762) | (48,109) | ||||
| Three years later | (14,303) | (18,548) | (36,859) | |||||
| Four years later | (14,973) | (19,996) | ||||||
| Five years later | (15,008) | |||||||
| Estimate of Gross ultimate claims |
||||||||
| At end of UY | 17,738 | 19,860 | 48,001 | 77,228 | 131,824 | 122,489 | ||
| One year later | 11,748 | 31,217 | 77,190 | 151,479 | 176,500 | |||
| Two years later | 16,177 | 31,097 | 83,305 | 144,476 | ||||
| Three years later | 15,853 | 38,480 | 76,249 | |||||
| Four years later | 15,655 | 34,888 | ||||||
| Five years later | 15,379 | |||||||
| Estimate of gross ultimate claims |
15,379 | 34,888 | 76,249 | 144,476 | 176,500 | 122,489 | ||
| Cumulative payments | (15,008) | (19,996) | (36,859) | (48,109) | (43,390) | (5,792) | ||
| Present value recognised in the statement of financial position |
92,363 | 371 | 14,892 | 39,390 | 96,367 | 133,110 | 116,697 | 493,190 |
| Of which effect of foreign exchange movements |
(11,021) | (11,021) |
In 2020 gross claim payments related to underwriting years prior to 2015 are €6.0m.

(b) Loss Development Table - Net (non-life and life) values expressed in Euro thousands.
| Net Cumulative claim payments | Prior vear |
2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| At end of UY | (8,653) | (8,478) | (13,967) | (5,014) | (6,912) | (5,792) | ||
| One year later | (11,513) | (14,401) | (25,674) | (35,728) | (43,390) | |||
| Two years later | (14,118) | (16,767) | (33,762) | (48,109) | ||||
| Three years later | (14,303) | (18,548) | (36,859) | |||||
| Four years later | (14,973) | (19,996) | ||||||
| Five years later | (15,008) | |||||||
| Estimate of net ultimate claims | ||||||||
| At end of UY | 17,738 | 19.860 | 48,001 | 77,228 | 131,824 | 122,489 | ||
| One year later | 11,748 | 31,217 | 77.190 | 151,479 | 176,500 | |||
| Two years later | 16.177 | 31,097 | 83.305 | 144,476 | ||||
| Three years later | 15,853 | 38,480 | 76.249 | |||||
| Four years later | 15.655 | 34.888 | ||||||
| Five years later | 15,379 | |||||||
| Estimate of net ultimate claims | 15,379 | 34,888 | 76,249 | 144,476 | 176,500 | 122,489 | ||
| Cumulative payments | (15,008) | (19,996) | (36,859) | (48,109) | (43,390) | (5,792) | ||
| Present value recognised in the statement of financial position |
13.187 | 371 | 14,892 | 39,390 | 96,367 | 133,110 | 116,697 | 414.014 |
| Of which effect of foreign exchange movements |
(11,021) | (11,021) |
In 2020 net claim payments related to underwriting years prior to 2015 are €0.5m.

The Company undertakes transactions with other group undertakings. As the Company is a wholly owned subsidiary of UnipolSai Assicurazioni S.p.A., the disclosure of such transactions is not required under FRS102: Section 33, "Related Party Disclosures".
The Company also entered into transactions during the financial year with related companies that are not 100% owned by the UnipolSai Assicurazioni S.p.A, group. The following companies are considered as related parties: BIM Vita (50%), Popolare Vita (50%), Incontra Assicurazioni (51%), Dialogo Assicurazioni (99,85%) and SIAT (94,69%).
Below is the impact on the income statement of the above mentioned transactions.
| 2020 | 2019 | |
|---|---|---|
| €000 | e 0000 | |
| Gross written premium | 197 | 210 |
| Losses paid | (12) | |
| Change in the provision for claims reserve | 14 | 14 |
| Change in local statutory provision | (89) | (7) |
| Change in the provision for premium reserve | (174) | (208) |
| Commission paid | ||
| Other technical costs | ||
| (64) | 0 |
| €000 €000 €000 €000 €000 €0000 €000 Gross written premium 31,418 110,978 57,432 208,183 1,833 779 5.743 5,691 25,650 6,322 63,966 226,485 Gross earned premium 2,122 122,734 (86,746) 921 1,861 (3,080) (155,474) Gross claims incurred (32,143) (36,287) (449) Gross acquisition costs (488) (6,132) (23,804) (1,668) (7,528) (40,069) 674 4 Other technical items 627 16 27 31,616 6,167 3,495 (11,998) 1,590 20,178 Gross technical result 12,184 (5,207) (4,684) (1,727) (1,848) (23,988) Retrocession balance (3,687) (6,835) 7,500 18,330 (18,833) (137) net technical result 960 7,628 (192) (2,537) Allocation investments income and general expenses non-life 5,091 Total technical accounts non-life business (386,974) Net assets allocated (20,122) 1.825 (282,257) (40,369) (626) (45,425) 870,032 Net assets unallocated 1,825 Capital and Reserves (626) (45,425) (282,257) (20,122) (40,369) 483,058 2019 Miscellaneous Fire Motor Th Other Total Bond €0000 €000 €000 €000 €0000 €000 €0000 179,346 Gross written premium 4,093 749 42,309 6.660 30,782 263,939 254,141 163,869 Gross earned premium 2,422 42,809 5,747 30,667 8.627 Gross claims incurred 2,964 (17,903) 617 (25,462) (149,095) (191,391) (2,512) Gross acquisition costs (1,175) (591) (8,905) (29,744) (4,294) (46,042) (1,333) (143) Other technical items (209) (284) (636) 2,448 4,940 8,233 (14,970) 7,094 8,327 16.072 Gross technical result Retrocession balance (4,078) (2,090) (6,131) (2,476) (26,106) (3,680) (7,651) (22,621) 5,851 (10,034) net technical result 862 358 963 4,553 Allocation investments income and general expenses non-life (3.895) (13,929) Total technical accounts non-life business (24,623) Net assets allocated 875 (447) (267,160) (337,814) (30,302) (16,157) 803,439 Net assets unallocated 875 (267,160) (24,623) 465,625 Capital and Reserves (447) (30,302) (16,157) |
2020 | Bond | Miscellaneous | Fire | Motor | TP | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FRS 102 requires the company to produce a capital statement which sets out the financial strength of the company and provides and analysis of the disposition and constraints over the availability of capital to meet risks and regulatory requirements. The capital statement also provides a reconciliation of shareholders' funds to regulatory capital.
The company's regulatory capital requirements are determined in accordance with the Solvency II Directive 2009/138/EC and Statutory Instrument 485 of 2015 and the Commission Delegated Regulations EU 2015/35.
| 2020 | |
|---|---|
| €000 | |
| Total shareholders' funds at year end | 483,058 |
| Adjustments to regulatory basis: | |
| on Technical provision | (38,115) |
| Investment in group undertaking | 494 |
| Investment in L&R | 1,456 |
| Intangible assets | (315) |
| Deferred tax asset/liability | 4,559 |
| Excess of assets over liabilities - unaudited | 451,137 |
| Other adjustment (if any) | |
| Total available own funds to meet SCR- unaudited | 451,137 |
| SCR - unaudited | 260,333 |
| 2019 €000 |
|
| Total shareholders' funds at year end | 465,625 |
| Adjustments to regulatory basis: | |
| on Technical provision | (39,214) |
| Investment in group undertaking | 344 |
| Investment in L&R | |
| Intangible assets | (449) |
| Deferred tax asset/liability | 4,922 |
| Excess of assets over liabilities - unaudited | 431,228 |
| Other adjustment (if any) | |
| Total available own funds to meet SCR - unaudited | 431,228 |
| SCR - unaudited | 243,580 |
The Solvency II regime has been effective from 1 January 2016 and establishes a new set of EU (wide capital requirements, risk management and disclosure standards, The Company is required to meet a Solvency Capital Requirement (SCR) which is calibrated to seek to ensure a 99,5% confidence of the ability to meet obligations over a 12 month time horizon. The Company calculates its SCR in accordance with the standard formula prescribed in the Solvency II regulations as the assumptions underlying the standard formula are considered to be a good fit for the Company's risk profile.
The total Solvency Capital Requirement for the Company is €260.3 million while the Total Eligible Own Funds Available to meet the Solvency Capital Requirement amount to €451.1 million as such the solvency capital requirement coverage is 173%. These amounts are unaudited at the time of signing the financial statements.
The company has complied with the solvency requirements in accordance with the Solvency II Directive 2009/138/EC and Statutory Instrument 485 of 2015 and the Commission Delegated Regulations EU 2015/35.
Regulatory valuation and admissibility restrictions are calculated on best estimates basis for the purposes of determining Own Funds to cover Solvency Capital Requirements as prescribed by the Statutory Instrument 485 of 2015.
Each item that encompasses Own Funds shall be classified in accordance with applicable legislation. Under Solvency II assets fall within Tiers I, II or III and assets which fall within Tiers II and III must meet the limits to match the SCR and the MCR as set out in the Regulations. The Company's overall aim is to maintain its Own Funds within Tier I of the Regulations, however, some of the items may fall within Tier II and III. Where this is the case the Company ensures it has the correct match between the Tiers to meet its SCR and MCR requirements.
UnipolRe maintains an efficient capital structure made up of equity shareholders' funds, consistent with the Company's risk profile and the regulatory and market requirements of its business. The Company's objectives in managing its capital are:
The main source of additional capital available to the Company, if required, is additional capital provided by the Company's holding Company.
The Company manages as capital all items that are eligible to be treated as capital for regulatory purposes.
EMARKET SDIR ertifie

The Company is exempt from the requirements of FRS102: Section 7 "Statement of Cash Flows" as it is a wholly owned subsidiary whose holding company prepares a consolidated statement of cash flows.
The immediate holding undertaking is UnipolSai Nederland BV (ex Fondiaria Nederlands B,V,), a company incorporated in the Netherlands.
At 31 December 2020, the directors consider Unipol Gruppo S.p.A. to be the ultimate Holding company, which is also the holding company of the largest group in which the results of the Company are consolidated. The holding company of the smallest group in which the results of the Company are consolidated is UnipolSai Assicurazioni S.p.A. Copies of the consolidated accounts of Unipol Gruppo S.p.A. are publically available from the company secretary. Unipol Gruppo S.p.A. Via Stalingrado 45, 40128 Bologna, Italy. Copies of the consolidated accounts of UnipolSai Assicurazioni S.p.A. are available to the public from the company secretary. UnipolSai Assicurazioni S.p.A., Via Stalingrado 45, 40128 Bologna, Italy.
The Company is subject to financial risks including market risk (currency risk, interest rate risk and price risk), credit risk and liquidity risk. The Company monitors and manages the financial risks relating to its operations through internal risk reports which monitor the sensitivities of the portfolio against rises or falls in spread risk, equity risk and interest rate risk. These are measured against set limits within the investment policy approved by the Board of Directors. These risks are also monitored through risk tolerances to measure the capital absorption of the risks within the relevant SCR module within the Solvency II Standard Formula. These risks include market risk (currency risk, interest rate risk and price risk), credit risk and liquidity risk.
The main method of mitigating these risks is set limits for each asset class within the investment policy and sensitivity limits as described above. The Company may also seek to minimise the effects of these risks by using derivative financial instruments to hedge risk exposures. The Company does not enter into or trade financial instruments, including derivative financial instruments, for speculative purposes.
Fair value is the amount for which an asset or liability could be exchanged between willing parties in an arm's length transaction. Fair values are determined at prices quoted in active markets. In some instances, such price information is not available for all instruments and the Company applies valuation techniques to measure such instruments. These valuation techniques make maximum use of market observable data but in some cases management estimate other than observable market inputs within the valuation model. There is no standard model and different assumptions would generate different results.
The table below summarises the methods to calculate the fair value for the different macro categories of financial instruments.
| Mark to Market | Mark to Model and other | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Bonds | CBB : contr butor - Bloomberg Other contributor - Bloomberg |
Mark to Model Counterparty valuation |
|
| Financial Instruments |
Listed shares and investments. ETFs | Reference market | |
| Unlisted shares and investments | DCF DOM Multiples: |
||
| Listed der vatives | Reference market | ||
| OTC derivatives | Mark to Model | ||
With reference to shares, listed investments, ETFs and listed derivatives, the Market valuation corresponds to the official valuation price of the market. For bonds, the sources used for the Mark to Market valuation of financial assets and liabilities are as follows:
the primary source is the CBBT price provided by data provider Bloomberg;
where the price referred to the previous point is unavailable, an internal scoring model is used, which makes it possible to select liquid and active contributors on the basis of pre-defined parameters.
The company uses valuation methods (Mark to Model) in line with the methods generally used by the market.
EMARKET SDIR
Fair values are subject to a control framework designed to ensure that input variables and output are assessed independent of the risk taker. The Company has minimal exposure to financial assets or liabilities which are valued at other than quoted prices in an active market.
The table below shows financial assets and liabilities (as disclosed in notes 11 and 12) grouped into the level in the fair value hierarchy into which each fair value measurement is categorized. The movement year on year on investment level 2 is due to the purchase of bond issued by an Italian bank institution with an S&P rating of BBB for a total nominal value of €6m and purchase of bond issued by a USA base bank institution with an S&P rating A-, for a total nominal value of E4m. The movement year on year on investment level 3 is due to partial reimbursements of the only bond falling in this category. Such a security consists in an ABS note with an S&P rating of A, backed by an Italian bank institution and which is guaranteed by the Italian government.
| Level 1 €000 |
Level 2 €'000 |
Level 3 €'000 |
Total €'000 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 726,492 | 28,907 | 11,887 | 767,286 |
| 726,492 | 28,907 | 11,887 | 767,286 |
| Level 1 €'000 |
Level 2 €000 |
Level 3 €'000 |
Total €'000 |
| 650,094 | 19,128 | 15,392 | 684,614 684,614 |
| 650,094 15,392 19,128 |
0000
EMARKET SDIR certifie

Market risk is the risk of adverse financial impact as a consequence of market movements such as currency exchange rates, interest rates and other price changes. Market risk arises due to fluctuations in both the value of assets held and the value of liabilities. The objective of the Company in managing its market risk is to ensure risk is managed in line Company's risk appetite and the limits set out in its investment policy.
The Company has established policies and procedures in order to manage market risk and methods to measure it.
There were no changes in the Company's market risk policies in the financial year 2020 nor to the objectives and processes for managing market risk.
The Company undertakes certain transactions denominated in foreign currencies. Hence, exposures to exchange rate fluctuations arise.
The Company has minimal exposure to currency risk as the Company's financial assets are primarily matched to the same currencies as its insurance contract liabilities. As a result, foreign exchange risk arises from other recognised assets and liabilities denominated in other currencies. Where a currency mismatch arises the Company seeks to take an asset exposure to limit the mismatch as much as possible.
Carrying amounts of the Company's foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities:
| CAD 2020 €000 |
CAD 2019 |
ILS 2020 |
ોન્ટિ 2019 |
TRY 2020 |
TRY 2019 |
GBP 2020 E'000 E'000 E'000 E'000 E'000 E'000 E'000 |
GBP 2019 2020 2019 €'000 €'000 €'000 €'000 €'000 €'000 |
USD USD | CHF CHF 2020 2019 |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Assets | 258 | 699 86,487 81,580 1,828 3,742 244,791 191,680 8,770 6,668 5,531 4,154 | |||||||||
| Liabilities | 4.226 446 87,389 81,868 7,063 11,995 246,500 198,411 5,390 4,333 5,034 1,809 | ||||||||||
| (3,968) | 253 (902) (288) (5,235) (8,253) (1,709) (6,731) 3,380 2,335 497 2,345 |

The following table details the Company's sensitivity to a 10% increase and decrease in the Euro against the relevant foreign currencies. A 10% sensitivity rate is used when reporting foreign currency risk internally to key management personnel and represents management's assessment of the reasonably possible change in foreign exchange rates. For each sensitivity the impact of change in a single factor is shown, with other assumptions unchanged. Balances in other currencies were not considered because of negligible amount.
| CAD 2020 €0000 |
CAD 2019 €000 |
1188 2020 €000 |
IIIS 2019 €0000 |
THEY 2020 €000 |
THE SY 2019 €000 |
CBP 2020 €'000 |
GBP 2019 €000 |
USD 2020 €000 |
IISD 2019 €0000 |
CHIP 2020 €0000 |
CHIP 2019 €'000 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10% increase | ||||||||||||
| Pre tax profit | 397 | (25) | 90 | 29 | 524 | 822 | 171 | 673 | (338) | (234) | (50) | (235) |
| Shareholders' equity | 397 | (25) | 90 | 29 | 524 | 825 | 171 | 673 | (338) | (234) | (20) | (235) |
| 10% decrease | ||||||||||||
| Pre tax profit | (397) | 25 | (90) | (29) (524) (825) (171) | (673) | 338 | 234 | 50 | 235 | |||
| Shareholders' equity | (397) | ટર્ટ | (90) | (29) (524) | (825) | (171) | (673) | 338 | 234 | 50 | 235 |
Interest rate risk is the risk that the value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market interest rates.
The Company is exposed to interest rate risk as it invests in long term debt at both fixed and floating interest rates. The risk is managed by the Company by maintaining an appropriate mix between fixed and floating rate borrowings.
The sensitivity analyses below have been determined based on the exposure to interest rates for all financial instruments included in the Company's portfolio. A 0.5% increase or decrease is used when reporting interest rate risk internally to key management personnel and represents management's assessment of the reasonably possible change in interest rates.

| 2020 €000 |
2019 €000 |
|
|---|---|---|
| 0.5% increase | ||
| Pre tax profit | ||
| Shareholders' equity | (16,207) | (13,340) |
| 0.5% decrease | ||
| Pre tax profit | ||
| Shareholders' equity | 16,207 | 13,340 |
Credit risk refers to the risk that a counterparty will default on its contractual obligations resulting in financial loss to the Company. The key areas of exposure to credit risk for the Company are in relation to its investment portfolio and reinsurance programme.
The objective of the Company in managing its credit risk is managed in line with the Company's risk appetite. The Company has established policies and procedures in order to manage credit risk and methods to measure it. There were no changes in the Company's objectives, policies and processes for managing credit risk.
The Company has adopted a policy of only dealing with creditworthy counterparties and obtaining sufficient collateral where appropriate, as a means of mitigating the risk of financial loss from defaults.
The Company only transacts with entities that are rated the equivalent to investment grade and above. This information is supplied by independent rating agencies where available and if not available the Company uses other publicly available financial information and its own trading records to rate its counterparties and reinsurers.
The Company's exposure and the credit ratings of its counterparties are continuously monitored and the aggregate value of transactions concluded is spread amongst approved counterparties. Credit exposure is controlled by counterparty limits that are reviewed and approved by the risk management committee annually. Furthermore, in certain instances, the company receives deposits from its reinsurers which it holds under the terms of the reinsurance agreements.

Receivables consist of a large number of counterparties, spread across diverse industries and geographical areas. Ongoing credit evaluation is performed on the financial condition of accounts receivable.
The Company does not have any significant credit risk exposure to any single counterparty or any group of counterparties except for intra-group's exposures. The credit risk on liquid funds and derivative financial instruments is limited because the counterparties are banks with high credit-ratings assigned by international credit-rating agencies.
The carrying amount of financial assets and reinsurance assets recorded in the financial statements, represents the Company's maximum exposure to credit risk without taking account of the value of any collateral obtained.
The Company monitors the credit risk in relation to its investment portfolio and reinsurance programme by monitoring external credit ratings for the investments and reinsurance assets held by the Company on a monthly basis. The following table shows aggregated credit risk exposure for assets with external credit ratings.
The majority of debt securities are investment grade and the Company has very limited exposure to debt securities with an S&P rating lower than A-. Reinsurance assets are reinsurers' share of outstanding claims and IBNR and reinsurance receivables. They are allocated below on the basis of ratings for claims paying ability. Loans and receivables from policyholders, agents and intermediaries generally do not have a credit rating.
The following table shows aggregated credit risk exposure for assets with external credit ratings.
| Neither past due nor impaired 2020 |
Past due up to 90 days 2020 |
Past due more than 90 days 20220 |
Past due and impaired 2020 |
Carrying Amount 2020 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| €'000 | €0000 | e 000 | €000 | € 000 | |
| Financial Instruments | 767,286 | 767,286 | |||
| Cash Banks | 29,578 | 29,578 | |||
| Other Debtors and Accrued | |||||
| Income | 1,886 | 1,886 | |||
| Loans and receivables | |||||
| Insurance assets | 271,841 | 6,847 | 11,972 | 900 | 290,660 |
| 1,070,591 | 6,847 | 11,972 | 900 | 1,089,410 |
The above disclosure, does not include amounts related to tangible fixed assets and bad debt provision as is disclosed on the Statement of Financial Position.
| Neither past due nor impaired 2019 |
Past due up to 90 days 2019 |
Past due more than 90 days 2019 |
Past due and impaired 2019 |
Carrying Amount 2019 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| €000 | €000 | €000 | €0000 | €0000 | |
| Financial Instruments | 684,614 | 684,614 | |||
| Cash Banks Other Debtors and Accrued |
16,231 | 16,231 | |||
| Income | 2.915 | 2,915 | |||
| Loans and receivables | - | ||||
| Insurance assets | 287,240 | 8.977 | 16.688 | 900 | 312,905 |
| 991,000 | 8,977 | 16,688 | 900 | 1,017,565 |
| SP rating AAA 2020 |
SP rating AA- and AA+ 2020 |
SP rating A- and A+ 2020 |
SP rating BBB- and BBB+ 2020 |
SP rating lower than BBB- 2020 |
Not Rated 2020 |
TOTAL 2020 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| €000 | C 0000 | COOO | €000 | € 000 | €000 | €000 | |
| Financial Instruments | 133.472 | 316.473 | 196,770 | 112,165 | 3,269 | 5,137 | 767,286 |
| Cash Banks | - | 20,420 | 3,713 | 5.442 | 3 | 29,578 | |
| Other Debtors and Accrued Income | . I | 1,131 | 755 | 1,886 | |||
| Loans and receivables | - | ||||||
| Insurance assets | 56.908 | 49,826 | 20,144 | 164,682 | 291,560 | ||
| 133,472 | 394,932 | 250,309 | 137,751 | 3,269 | 170,577 | 1,090,310 |
The above disclosure, does not include amounts related to tangible (€0.2 million) and intangible fixed assets (€0.3 million) and bad debt provision (€0.9 million) as is disclosed on the Statement of Financial Position.
EMARKET SDIR certified
| SP rating AAA 2019 |
SP rating AA- and AA+ 2019 |
SP rating A- and A+ 2019 |
SP rating BBB- and BBB+ 2019 |
SP rating lower than BBB- 2019 |
Not Rated 2019 |
IKONAL 2019 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| €000 | €000 | €000 | COOOO | €0000 | €0000 | C000 | |
| Financial Instruments | 130,074 | 258,672 | 178,410 | 112,321 | 5,137 | 684,614 | |
| Cash Banks | 8,798 | 4,251 | 3,179 | 3 | 16,231 | ||
| Other Debtors and Accrued Income | 2,292 | 623 | 2,915 | ||||
| Loans and receivables | |||||||
| Insurance assets | 63,736 | 58,884 | 30,927 | 160,258 | 313,805 | ||
| 130,074 | 333,498 | 241,545 | 146,427 | 166,021 | 1,017,565 |
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company cannot meet its obligations associated with financial liabilities as they fall due. The Company has adopted an appropriate liquidity risk management framework for the management of the Company's liquidity requirements. The Company manages liquidity risk by maintaining banking facilities by continuously monitoring forecast and actual cash flows and matching the maturity profiles of assets and liabilities. In respect of catastrophic events there is liquidity risk from a difference in timing between claim payments and recoveries thereon from reinsurers. Liquidity management ensures that the Company has sufficient access to funds necessary to cover insurance claims liabilities. In practice, most of the Company's assets are marketable securities which could be converted in to cash when required.
There were no changes in the financial year in the Company's objectives, policies and processes for managing liquidity risk.
The following table shows details of the expected maturity profile of the Company's undiscounted obligations with respect to its financial liabilities and estimated cash flows of recognised insurance contract liabilities. The table includes both interest and principal cash flows.
The expected maturity profile of the Company's undiscounted obligations with respect to its financial liabilities and estimated cash flows of recognised insurance contract liabilities has been calculated using the historical pattern of claims reserves rather than the contractual terms.

| Less than 1 year 2020 |
1-3 years 2020 |
3-5 years 2020 |
5+ years 2020 |
Total 2020 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| € 0000 | €000 | €000 | €000 | €000 | |
| Creditors arising out of reinsurance operations |
5.289 | 4,639 | 2.196 | 3,340 | 15,464 |
| Technical Provisions | 196,926 | 172,742 | 81,764 | 124,374 | 575,806 |
| Deposits received from | |||||
| Retrocessionaires | 3.446 | 3,023 | 1,431 | 2,176 | 10,076 |
| Trade and other liabilities | 1,890 | 3,580 | 5,470 | ||
| 207,551 | 180,404 | 88,971 | 129,890 | 606,816 | |
| Less than 1 year 2019 €000 |
1-3 years 2019 €000 |
3-5 years 2019 €000 |
5+ years 2019 €000 |
Total 2019 €000 |
|
| Creditors arising out of reinsurance operations |
4.859 | 2.824 | 2019 | 5,481 | 15.184 |
| Technical Provisions | |||||
| Deposits received from | 165,778 | 96,359 | 68,902 | 187.019 | 518,057 |
| Retrocessionaires | 4,708 | 2,736 | 1,957 | 5,311 | 14,711 |
| Trade and other liabilities | 1,510 | 2,219 | 3,729 | ||
| 176,855 | 101,919 | 75,097 | 197.811 | 551,681 |
The following tables detail the Company's expected maturity for its non-derivative assets. The tables below have been drawn up based on the undiscounted contractual maturities of the assets including interest that will be earned on those assets except where the Company anticipates that the cash flow will occur in a different period.
The expected maturity profile of the Company's undiscounted insurance assets has been calculated using the historical pattern of claims reserves rather than the contractual terms.

| Less than I year 2020 |
1-3 years 2020 |
3-5 years 2020 |
5+ years 2020 |
Total 2020 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| €'000 | €000 | €'000 | €0000 | €'000 | |
| Financial Instruments | 63,229 | 194.413 | 215,411 | 294,233 | 767,286 |
| Cash at Banks | 29,578 | 29,578 | |||
| Other Debtors and Accrued Income | 1,886 | 1,886 | |||
| Insurance assets | 99,714 | 87,468 | 41,401 | 62,977 | 291,560 |
| 194,407 | 281,881 | 256,812 | 357,210 | 1,090,310 | |
| Less than 1 year |
1-3 years |
3-5 years |
5+ years 2019 |
Total 2019 |
|
| 2019 €'000 |
2019 €000 |
2019 €'000 |
€'000 | €000 | |
| Financial Instruments Cash at Banks |
56,381 | 106,186 | 238,854 | 283,193 | 684,614 |
| Other Debtors and Accrued Income | 16,231 2,914 |
16,231 2,914 |
The above disclosure, does not include amounts related to tangible fixed assets and bad debt provision as is disclosed on the face of the Statement of Financial Position
175,944 164,544 280,590 396,477 1,017,565
Although the Company has access to financing facilities, the Company expects to meet its obligations from operating cash flows and proceeds of maturing financial assets.
The Company accepts insurance risk through its reinsurance treaties where it assumes the risk of loss from cedants that are directly subject to the underlying loss. The Company is exposed to the uncertainty surrounding the timing, frequency and severity of claims under these contracts.
The Company manages its risk via its underwriting guidelines and reinsurance strategy within an overall risk management framework. Pricing is carried out by an independent pricing and modelling actuarial team who are independent from the underwriting function. Pricing is based on assumptions which have regard to trends and past experience. Exposures are managed by having documented underwriting limits and criteria. Retrocession strategy is analysed and purchased if necessary to mitigate the effect of potential loss to the Company from individual large or catastrophic events and also to provide access to specialist risks and to assist in managing capital. Retrocession policies are written with approved reinsurers on either a proportional or excess of loss treaty basis.
Regulatory capital is also managed (though not exclusively) by reference to the SCR Module under the Standard Formula in Solvency II to which the Company is exposed.
The Company writes property, liability and motor risks primarily over a twelve month duration. The most significant risks arise from natural disasters, climate change and other catastrophes (i,e, high severity, low frequency events) as well as from a large concentration of UK Non Proportional risk which was the driver of the loss reported in 2020 due to change in Ogden rate. A concentration of risk may also arise from a single insurance contract issued to a particular demographic type of policyholder, within a geographical location or to types of commercial business. The relative variability of the outcome is mitigated if there is a large portfolio of similar risks.
The concentration of non-life insurance by the location of the underlying risk is summarised below by reference to liabilities:
| Gross 2020 €0000 |
Gross 2019 €000 |
Reinsurance 2020 €000 |
Reinsurance 2019 €000 |
Net 2020 €0000 |
Net 2019 €0000 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UK | 171,887 | 144,348 | (2,513) | (2,962) | 169,374 | 141,386 |
| EU (excl.UK) and CH | 203,893 | 196,770 | (74,463) | (84.861) | 129,430 | 11,909 |
| ાં ક | 32.164 | (234) | (284) | 31,930 | (284) | |
| Turkey | 9.498 | 16,588 | 9.498 | 16,588 | ||
| Israel | 71,631 | 54,979 | 71.631 | 54.979 | ||
| Other | 2.665 | 581 | (1,692) | (1,800) | 973 | (1,219) |
| 491,738 | 413,266 | (78,902) | (89,907) | 412,836 | 323,359 |
EMARKET SDIR
The concentration of non-life insurance by type of contract is summarised below by reference to liabilities:
| Gross 2020 €0000 |
Gross 2019 €000 |
Reinsurance 2020 € 000 |
Reinsurance 2019 €0000 |
Net 2020 € 000 |
Net 2019 e 000 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Motor third party liability | 305,660 | 257,597 | (8,572) | (9,429) | 297,088 | 248,168 |
| Bond | 56,612 | 62,120 | (54,758) | (60,154) | 1,854 | 1,966 |
| Fire and other damage to | ||||||
| property | 53,931 | 40,205 | (755) | (818) | 53,176 | 39,387 |
| Third (party liability | 20,258 | 18,943 | (5,390) | (7,385) | 14,868 | 11,558 |
| Other | 55,277 | 34,401 | (9,427) | (12,121) | 45,850 | 22,280 |
| 491,738 | 413,266 | (78,902) | (89,907) | 412,836 | 323,359 |
Since the change in business professional reinsurer from 2015 onward, the lines of business written have been mostly Motor third party liability and Fire and other damage to property. The changes in composition in liabilities from 2019 to 2020 relates to the slower settlement pattern relative to the Fire and other damage to property line of business in comparison to the Motor third party liability line of business.
The risks associated with the non-life insurance contracts are complex and subject to a number of variables which complicate quantitative sensitivity analysis. The Company uses several statistical and actuarial techniques based on past claims development experience. This includes indications such as average claims cost, ultimate claims numbers and expected loss ratios.
The key methods used by the Company for estimating liabilities are:
The Company considers that the liability for non-life insurance claims recognised in the balance sheet is adequate. However, actual experience will differ from the expected outcome.
Some results of sensitivity testing are set out below, showing the impact on profit before tax and shareholders' equity gross and net of reinsurance. For each sensitivity the impact of a change in a single factor is shown, with other assumptions unchanged.

| Pre tax profit 2020 €000 |
Pre tax profit 2019 €'000 |
|
|---|---|---|
| 5% increase in loss ratios | ||
| Gross | (10,017) | (11,211) |
| Net | (10,368) | (11,942) |
| 5% decrease in loss ratios | ||
| Gross | 10,017 | 11,211 |
| Net | 10,368 | 11,942 |
| 5% increase in commissions | ||
| Gross | (10,592) | (12,338) |
| Net | (10,368) | (11,942) |
| 5% decrease in commissions | ||
| Gross | 10,591 | 12,338 |
| Net | 10,368 | 11,942 |
There are no known post balance sheet events that have a material impact on the company's financial statements.
On 15th January 2021, the UK Supreme Court made a ruling, affecting the Covid-19 related business interruption reserves held by the company. However, the company has analysed the ruling in depth and determined that it does not represent a material impact on reserves.
The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the directors on the 15th March 2021.
EMARKET SDIR certifie
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