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Traction Uranium Corp. — Regulatory Filings 2021
Aug 17, 2021
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Whitewater Property
NI 43-101 Report
NI 43-101 TECHNICAL REPORT
On the
Whitewater Property Slocan Mining Division, Kaslo, British Columbia, Canada
Prepared for:
Traction Exploration Inc. 915 – 700 West Pender Street Vancouver, BC V6C 1G8, Canada
Prepared by:
Muzaffer Sultan, Ph.D., P.Geo.
Consulting Geologist 9059 153 St, Surrey, BC V3R 0E5 Canada
April 24, 2021
(Effective Date: April 24, 2021)
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CONTENTS
| 1.0 SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................ 7 |
|---|
| 2.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. 12 |
| 2.1 Purpose of the Report .................................................................................................... 12 |
| 2.2 Sources of Information ................................................................................................... 12 |
| 3.0 RELIANCE ON OTHER EXPERTS ........................................................................................... 13 |
| 4.0 PROPERTY DESCRIPTION AND LOCATION .......................................................................... 13 |
| 4.1 Environmental Liabilities ................................................................................................ 15 |
| 5.0 ACCESSIBILITY, CLIMATE, LOCAL RESOURCES, INFRASTRUCTURE PHYSIOGRAPHY .......... 20 |
| 5.1 Access ............................................................................................................................. 20 |
| 5.2 Climate ........................................................................................................................... 20 |
| 5.3 Local Resources and Infrastructure ................................................................................ 22 |
| 5.4 Physiography .................................................................................................................. 22 |
| 6.0 HISTORY ............................................................................................................................. 23 |
| 6.1 General History .............................................................................................................. 23 |
| 6.2 Property History ............................................................................................................. 24 |
| 6.2.1 Gold Quartz Occurrence ......................................................................................... 25 |
| 6.2.2 Bollinger Occurrence............................................................................................... 26 |
| 6.2.3 Gold Quartz Ridge Occurrence ............................................................................... 27 |
| 6.2.4 Gold Quartz B Zone ................................................................................................. 27 |
| 6.2.5 Tom 3 Occurrence ................................................................................................... 28 |
| 7.0 GEOLOGICAL SETTING AND MINERALIZATION ................................................................. 29 |
| 7.1 Regional Geology ............................................................................................................ 29 |
| 7.1.1 Hammil Group ......................................................................................................... 29 |
| 7.1.2 Lardeau Group ........................................................................................................ 31 |
| 7.1.3 Milford Group ......................................................................................................... 32 |
| 7.1.4 Kaslo Group ............................................................................................................. 33 |
| 7.1.5 Slocan Group ........................................................................................................... 33 |
| 7.2 Structural Geology .......................................................................................................... 35 |
| 7.2.1 Major structures and deformation ......................................................................... 36 |
| 7.3 Property Geology ........................................................................................................... 39 |
| 7.3.1 Kaslo Group ............................................................................................................. 40 |
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| 7.3.2 Slocan Group ........................................................................................................... 40 |
|---|
| 7.3.3 Intrusive Rocks ........................................................................................................ 41 |
| 7.3.4 Metamorphism ....................................................................................................... 41 |
| 7.4 Mineralization ................................................................................................................ 43 |
| 8.0 DEPOSIT TYPES ................................................................................................................... 44 |
| 8.1 Classification ................................................................................................................... 45 |
| 8.1.1 Vein Deposits .......................................................................................................... 45 |
| 8.1.2 Replacement Deposits ............................................................................................ 46 |
| 8.1.3 Mineralization shoots ............................................................................................. 47 |
| 8.1.4 Detrital Deposits ..................................................................................................... 47 |
| 9.0 EXPLORATION .................................................................................................................... 47 |
| 9.1 August 2020 Exploration Work Program ....................................................................... 47 |
| 9.1.1 Mapping and Sampling in Slocan Group ................................................................. 74 |
| 9.1.2 Mapping and Sampling in the Lower Plate Sequence ............................................ 76 |
| 9.1.3 Mapping and Sampling in the Upper Plate Sequence ............................................ 76 |
| 9.1.4 Mapping and Sampling in Intrusive Rocks .............................................................. 77 |
| 9.2 Exploration Work Results ............................................................................................... 77 |
| 10.0 DRILIING ............................................................................................................................. 93 |
| 11.0 SAMPLE PREPARATION, ANALYSIS AND SECURITY ............................................................ 93 |
| 12.0 DATA VERIFICATION ....................................................................................................... 94 |
| 13.0 MINERAL PROCESSING AND METALLURGICAL TESTING ................................................... 94 |
| 14.0 MINERAL RESOURCE ESTIMATES ....................................................................................... 94 |
| 23.0 ADJACENT PROPERTIES ...................................................................................................... 94 |
| 23.1 Klondike Silver Corp. ................................................................................................... 95 |
| 23.2 Magnum Goldcorp Inc. ............................................................................................... 96 |
| 24.0 OTHER RELAVENT DATA AND INFORMATION ................................................................... 98 |
| 24.1 Environmental Concerns ............................................................................................ 98 |
| 25.0 INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSION ................................................................................ 98 |
| 26.0 RECOMMENDATIONS ...................................................................................................... 100 |
| 27.0 REFERENCES ..................................................................................................................... 104 |
| 28.0 SIGNATURE PAGE ............................................................................................................. 107 |
| 29.0 CERTIFICATE OF AUTHOR ................................................................................................. 108 |
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FIGURES
Figure 1: Regional Property Location ............................................................................................ 16 Figure 2: Claim and Physiography Map ........................................................................................ 17 Figure 3: Whitewater Property North Block ................................................................................. 18 Figure 4: Whitewater Gold Property South Block Claim Location Map. ...................................... 19 Figure 5: General physiography of the area. ................................................................................ 23 Figure 6: Regional Geological Map of Kootenay Arc British Columbia (After Fyles 1970) ........... 30 Figure 7: Generalized stratigraphy of the Goat Range (Klepacki,1985) ....................................... 35 Figure 8: Vertical geological sections from Goat range (Klepacki,1985) ...................................... 38 Figure 9: Legend for Figure 8 ........................................................................................................ 39 Figure 10: Geological map of Property area. ................................................................................ 42 Figure 11: Sampling Location and Assays South Block – Map A ................................................... 83 Figure 12: Sampling Location and Assays South Block – Map B ................................................... 84 Figure 13: Sampling Location and Assays South Block – Map C ................................................... 85 Figure 14: Sampling Location and Assays South Block – Map D................................................... 86 Figure 15: Sampling Location and Assays South Block – Map E ................................................... 87 Figure 16: Sampling Location and Assays South Block – Map F ................................................... 88 Figure 17: Sampling Location and Assays South Block – Map G .................................................. 89 Figure 18: Sampling Location and Assays North Block – Map A ................................................... 90 Figure 19: Sampling Location and Assays North Block – Map B ................................................... 91 Figure 20: Sampling Location and Assays North Block – Map C ................................................... 92 Figure 21: Adjacent Properties Map ............................................................................................. 97
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TABLES
Table 1: Claim Data ....................................................................................................................... 14 Table 2: Kaslo Average Monthly Climate Data & Extremes, British Columbia Canada Climate Data ............................................................................................................................................... 21 Table 3: List of Minfile occurrences on the Property ................................................................... 25 Table 4: Whitewater Property Exploration August 14-29, 2020 Rock Samples Details ............... 51 Table 5: Summary of the Samples taken from each geological unit ............................................ 74 Table 6: Exploration work assays highlights ................................................................................. 78 Table 7: Agat Laboratories Sample Preparation and Analysis ...................................................... 93 Table 8: Phase 1 Budget .............................................................................................................. 102 Table 9: Phase 2 Budget .............................................................................................................. 103
PHOTOS
Photo 1: Rocks diorites and ultramafics belonging to Kaslo Group (August 2020 Work Photo) . 48 Photo 2: Broken rock material brough down by glaciers (August 2020 Work Photo) ................. 49 Photo 3: Quartz veining in Slocan Group phyllites (August 2020 Work Photo) ........................... 49 Photo 4: Kaslo Group diorite ridges in the Northern Claim Block (August 2020 Work Photo) .... 50 Photo 5: Sampling of ultramafic broken rock material along the Whitewater Fault (August 2020 Work Photo) .................................................................................................................................. 50 Photo 6:Quartz vein in phyllites (location: 0499164E,5536377N) (August 2020 Work Photo) ... 74 Photo 7: Sandstone / quartzite with thin quartz veins (location: 0498360E, 5538629N) (August 2020 Work Photo) ......................................................................................................................... 75 Photo 8: Greenstone of lower Kaslo Group (location: 498509E, 5538634N)............................... 75 Photo 9: Quartz vein boulder sampled during August 2020 work ............................................... 76
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1.0 SUMMARY
The Author was retained by Traction Exploration Inc. (“Traction” or the “Company”) to prepare an independent Technical Report on the Whitewater Property (the “Property”). The report is intended to provide a summary of material scientific and technical information concerning the Property and, in so doing, fulfill the Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects according to Canadian National Instrument 43-101 (“NI 43-101”).
The Property consists of six claims totaling approximately 2,281.72 hectares land in two claim blocks which are referred as Whitewater North block and Whitewater South block. The claims are in Slocan Mining Division (BCGS Map 082K005, NTS Map 082K03E), Kaslo, British Columbia, Canada. Each claim block consists of three contiguous claims. The Property is located on BC Highway 31A, between towns of Kaslo and New Denver located 26km and 20km, respectively from the Property. It has good infrastructure support and connected with other towns of Nelson and Trail in the southeastern BC. The Property was acquired by Traction pursuant to a property purchase option agreement where the Company can earn 100% interest in the Property by incurring $515,000 in Expenditures and paying $80,000 in cash over a period of three years.
Geologically, the Property area occurs in the southern part of the Goat Range of eastern Selkirk Mountains which lies within the Kootenay Arc terrane, which is a curving belt of complexly deformed sedimentary, volcanic, and metamorphic rocks extending southeasterly from Revelstoke, to Kootenay Lake in British Columbia and then southerly into the United States. It consists of lower Paleozoic and Mesozoic rocks on the west flank of the Purcell Anticlinorium. The limestone, dolomite, clastic sedimentary rocks, and volcanic rocks of Paleozoic and early Mesozoic age in the arc were intensely deformed during early Paleozoic and Middle Jurassic time.
Locally, the Property area is underlain by the rocks of Kaslo group and Slocan Group. The Kaslo Group is widely exposed and covers a major portion in the northern block of the property, and consists of mafic volcanic rocks, serpentinite, intrusives, and associated sedimentary rocks. The Whitewater Fault occurs at the base of the ultramafic unit and divide the Kaslo Group into upper and lower plates. Where exposed, the Whitewater Fault is a shear zone that is folded by folds associated with the Dryden Anticline. The Slocan Group consists of thick sequence of grey to dark grey phyllite and slate which are thin bedded to massive and defined by dark grey colour bands, sandy and calcareous layers that weather into differential relief because of slight compositional variations. The Slocan Group rests with slight angular unconformity on the Marten conglomerate. The age of the Slocan Group is Late Triassic. The intrusive rocks in the area include diorite, granite, and lamprophyre dikes. All rock units exposed on the Property have undergone some degree of regional metamorphism.
Exploration of the property area dates to the late 1800s when polymetallic silver-lead-zinc veins, such as the Gold Quartz showing were first discovered. The major discovery of gold was made in Kaslo formation at Highland Surprise Mine, located 1-2 km south of the Property. Several companies were involved in exploration activities in the claim area from time to time.
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Hi-Ridge Resources Ltd. in the year 1972 completed an exploration program involving geological mapping, prospecting, magnetometer surveying and diamond drilling. Pan Ocean Oil Limited in the year 1973 carried out geological mapping of the property area. Amoco Canada Petroleum Company Limited in 1979 did soil sampling which indicated the presence of several anomalous concentrations of gold. There are six mineral showings (Minfile Occurrences) documented for the Property area which are: i) Gold Quartz (silver, gold, lead, zinc, copper), ii) Bollinger (gold, lead, copper), iii) Gold Quartz Ridge (silver, gold, copper), iv) Gold Quartz B Zone (silver, gold, lead, copper), v) Tom (copper), and vi) Lucky Boy (silver, gold, lead, zinc).
The Property area is known mainly for silver bearing deposit types where Slocan Group is the main source of economic mineralization, and the Kaslo Group is known for several mineral showings but few of them have economic importance. Mineralization has chiefly taken the form of fissure vein deposits. Replacement of the wall-rock is a common feature, its degree depending on the character of the enclosing rocks. According to the geological model, regional faults and major structural discontinuities that have great strike lengths and extend deep in the crust are important mineralization controls because they provide conduits for the movement of mineralized fluids.
Traction Exploration Inc. completed an exploration programme on the Property from August- 14 to August-28, 2020. The focus of the fieldwork was to collect representative rock samples along with the geological and structural observations from Kaslo group and Slocan group sequence. The sampling program was designed to represent all prospective geological units and formations.
A total of 121 outcrop grab samples from outcrops, floats and fault related broken rubble material were collected during this campaign. Main target for sampling was brown to whitish quartz veins ranging in thickness from 1cm to 60 cm (commonly 10cm-20cm with 1-2% sulphides and occasionally up to 5% sulphides including pyrite, pyrrhotite, galena, and chalcopyrite). Serpentinized ultramafic rocks, sulphide bearing phyllites and intrusives were also sampled occasionally. A total of 62 samples were collected from Slocan Group, 46 from the Kaslo Group (20 from the Lower Plate Sequence and 26 from the upper Plate Sequence), three samples were from intrusives, and 10 samples were field duplicates.
The analytical results of samples indicate that silver is the main target element for further exploration. Anomalous values of gold, copper, manganese, and nickel are also found in a few samples.
- Silver values are in the range of 0.05 parts per million (ppm) to 135 ppm (4.32 ounces per tonne), 14 samples are over one ppm, 30 samples have values between 0.5 ppm to one ppm, and the remaining samples are under 0.1 ppm silver. Sample WWS-20-07R has silver 5.09 ppm and sample WWS-20-44R has 135 ppm silver. Both these samples were taken from floats near outcrops indicating a nearby source of mineralized quartz veins in phyllites of Slocan Group.
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Gold in three samples is over 0.5 grams per tonne (g/t), out of which one sample WWS20-44R assayed 242 g/t (7.74 ounces per tonne). Two other samples WWS-20-03R WWS20-46R assayed 0.105 g/t and 0.488 g/t gold.
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Copper values are in the range of 4.2 ppm to 1030 ppm, the higher values are in the northern claim block found in rocks of the upper plate in Kaslo Group. Similarly, nickel (Ni) assayed in the range of 2.3 ppm to 1890 ppm.
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Manganese (Mn) is from 25 ppm to 2090 ppm, zinc (Zn) is from 3.7 ppm to 3800 ppm, vanadium (V) is 3.9 ppm to 446 ppm, lead (PB is 0.7 ppm to 613 ppm, chromium (Cr) is 29.5 ppm to 1780 ppm.
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As the Northern Block is dominantly represented by mafic and ultramafic rock complex, a total of 28 samples from the upper plate sequence of Kaslo Group belonging to Northern Block were also tested for platinum and palladium, but all samples returned values below the laboratories method detection limits of 0.01 ppm for palladium and 0.005 ppm for platinum. Only two samples (WWN-20-62R and WWN-20-63R) assayed 0.004 ppm palladium, both these samples have 1860 and 1890 ppm nickel, respectively.
The author visited the property from August 24-28, 2020 to supervise the ongoing exploration work program, to take geological observations and to review sample collection procedures. All samples for this work were prepared and analyzed at Agat Laboratories Mississauga, Ontario using packages: 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish, Multi-Acid Digest, ICP-OES finish, Fire Assay - Trace Au, ICP-OES finish (ppm), Fire Assay - Au, Pt, Pd Trace Levels, ICP-OES finish, and Fire Assay - Au Ore Grade, Gravimetric finish (50g charge).
The data presented in this report is based on published assessment reports available from Traction, the British Columbia Ministry of Mines, Minfile data, the Geological Survey of Canada, and the Geological Survey of BC. A part of the data was collected by the author during the property visit. All the consulted data sources are deemed reliable. The data collected during present study is considered sufficient to provide an opinion about the merit of the Property as a viable exploration target.
Based on its past exploration history, favourable geological and tectonic setting, presence of surface mineralization, and the results of present study, it is concluded that the Property is a property of merit and possesses a good potential for discovery of silver, gold, and other sulphide mineralization. Good road access together with availability of exploration and mining services in the vicinity makes it a worthy mineral exploration target. The historical exploration data collected by previous operators on the Property provides the basis for a follow-up work program.
Recommendations
In the qualified person’s opinion, the Whitewater Property has potential for further discovery of good quality silver, gold and other sulphide mineralization. The character of the property is sufficient to merit a follow-up work program. This can be accomplished through a two-phase
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exploration and development program, where each phase is contingent upon the results of the previous phase.
Phase 1 – Prospecting, Sampling and Geological Mapping
The 2020 exploration work identified several areas with quartz veins showing over 1 ppm silver and a few areas with over 0.5 g/t gold values. It is recommended to follow up these quartz veins through detailed mapping, prospecting, and sampling work. Due to large size of the property, the 2020 work program was not able to cover a large part of the claim areas of the North Block. The Norther Block has a difficult access as 1.5 to 2 hours one-way uphill walk slows down the work progress. It is recommended to cover the areas with difficult access more efficiently using a helicopter. Total estimated budget for this work is $123,365 and it can take about four months’ time to complete. The following areas are recommended for detailed prospecting and sampling work:
South Claim Block
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North-eastern and Southwestern portions of claim 1078135 as a follow up of higher gold and silver values shown in quartz veins and quartz boulders / floats (Figures 14 and 17).
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North-eastern portion of claim 1078152, particularly the area at the contact of Slocan Group Phyllites and Kaslo Group Lower Plate mafic rocks.
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Sample WWS-20 07R taken from series of quartz floats assayed 5.09 ppm silver (Figure 12) need further prospecting on claim 1078108.
North Block
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Three samples collected from southwestern part of claim 1077955 have shown silver values in the range of 0.94 ppm – 1.94 ppm (Figure 20). The whole claim area needs detailed prospecting and mapping.
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Samples collected from claim (1076510) also show anomalous values of silver (over 1 ppm in two samples) and gold (0.61g/t in one sample) (Figures 18 and 19). The north-eastern part of this claim needs detailed checking in the area across Whitewater Creek, particularly historical Minfile Occurrences (Gold Quartz B Zone and Gold Quartz Ridge) (Figure 3).
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Two Minfile occurrences (Gold Quartz and Bollinger) on Claim 1075878 need detailed prospecting and mapping.
Phase 2 – Drilling and Geophysical Surveys
Based on the results of Phase 1 program, a drilling program is recommended to be executed on the targets if identified for further work on the Property. Scope of work, location of drill holes and budget for Phase 2 will be prepared after reviewing the results of Phase 1 program. Another recommendation for this phase of work is to carryout airborne geophysical surveys (Time Domain Electromagnetic – TDEM and Magnetic) on the North Block.
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Total estimated budget for the Phase 2 work is $396,550 (Table 9) for 1,500 meters NQ size core drilling and airborne geophysical survey. The program can take about four months’ time to complete.
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2.0 INTRODUCTION
2.1 Purpose of the Report
Muzaffer Sultan, Ph.D., P.Geo., (“the Author”) was retained by Traction Exploration Inc. (“Traction” or the “Company”) to prepare an independent Technical Report on the Whitewater Property (the “Property”). The report is intended to provide a summary of material scientific and technical information concerning the Property and, in so doing, fulfill the Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects according to Canadian National Instrument 43-101 (“NI 43-101”).
2.2 Sources of Information
The present report is based on published assessment work reports and data available from the Ministry of Energy, Mines & Petroleum Resources, British Columbia (https://minfile.gov.bc.ca/), (https://www.mtonline.gov.bc.ca/mtov/map/mto/cwm.jsp?site=mem_mto_min-view-title), the British Columbia Geological Survey ( BCGS), the Geological Survey of Canada (“GSC”), various researchers, websites, and personal observations. All consulted sources are listed in the References section. The sources of the maps are noted on the figures.
The author was retained to complete this report in compliance with National Instrument 43-101 of the Canadian Securities Administrators (“NI 43-101”) and the guidelines in Form 43-101 F1. In accordance with the NI 43-101 guidelines, the author visited the Whitewater Property on August 24-28, 2020.
This technical report is based on the following sources of information:
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Information available to the author at the time of preparation of this report;
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Assumptions, conditions, and qualifications as set forth in this report;
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Data, reports, and other information supplied by Traction, Geomap Exploration, and other third-party sources; and,
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Fieldwork on the Whitewater Property.
The scope of Property inspection was to verify historical and current exploration work, to supervise the geological team working on the Property, to take geological, infrastructure, and other technical observations on the Property and assess the potential of the Property for discovery of gold, silver and other sulphide mineralization. The geological work performed was to take surface grab samples, carry out geological mapping and visit reported approachable historical and current exploration work areas.
The author has also reviewed the land tenure on the https://www.mtonline.gov.bc.ca/mtov/searchTenures.do Database. The author reserves the right but will not be obliged to revise the report and conclusions if additional information becomes known after the date of this report.
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3.0 RELIANCE ON OTHER EXPERTS
In respect of ownership information relating to the Property set out in Item 1.0 (Summary) and Table 1: List of Property Claims under Item 4.0 (Property Description and Location), the author has reviewed and relied on the Option Agreement and information provided by Traction, which to the author’s knowledge is correct.
A limited search of tenure data on the British Columbia government’s Mining Title Management System website (https://www.mtonline.gov.bc.ca/mtov/searchTenures.do) on September 02, 2020, confirms the data supplied by the Company. However, the limited research by the author does not constitute a legal opinion as to the ownership status of the Whitewater property.
4.0 PROPERTY DESCRIPTION AND LOCATION
The Property covers 2 separate blocks totaling approximately 2,281.72 hectares land in two claim blocks (Table 1 and Figures 2, 3 and 4). These blocks are referred as Whitewater Property North Block and Whitewater Property South Block. Each block consists of three contiguous claims, located in Slocan Mining Division (BCGS Map 082K005, NTS Map 082K03E), Kaslo, British Columbia, Canada. North Block comprises claims # 1075878, 1076510 and 1077955 covering approximately 1,139.48 hectares land, and south Block consists of claim # 1078108, 1078152 and 1078135 covering approximately 1,142.24 hectares land (Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4). The area is located about 26 kilometers northeast of Kaslo which in turn is 70 kilometers to the north of Nelson on highway 31.
The Property is currently owned 100% by Afzaal Pirzada (260370) (100%) of Geomap Exploration Inc. The Property Mineral Claims were staked using the British Columbia Mineral Titles Online computer Internet system. With the British Columbia mineral claim staking system there can be no internal fractions or open ground. In response to COVID 19 pandemic situation all mineral and placer claims in British Columbia that have a good to /expiry date before December 31, 2021 have been given extra time to register work or payment instead of work. Enough work or payment in lieu of work must be registered on or before December 31, 2021 to bring the good to/expiry date of the claim into good standing. Any claim that has not been brought into good standing by December 31, 2021 will forfeit, as its good to/expiry date will be in the past.
The author undertook a search of the tenure data on the British Columbia government’s Mineral Titles Online (MTO) website which confirms the geospatial locations of the claims boundaries title information provided by Traction. There were no historical Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve estimates given.
The Mineral Tenure Act Regulation in British Columbia describe registering exploration and development for a mineral claim. The value of exploration and development required to maintain a mineral claim for one year is provided below:
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Mineral Claim - Work Requirement:
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$5 per hectare for anniversary years 1 and 2;
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$10 per hectare for anniversary years 3 and 4;
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$15 per hectare for anniversary years 5 and 6; and
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$20 per hectare for subsequent anniversary years
The other option is payment in lieu of work which is double the amount mentioned in the above schedule. The claims are good until December 31, 2021, thereafter, annual work of $11,409 will be required to for year 1 and 2 to keep these claims in good standing. Mineral rights in British Columbia do not include surface rights. The surface rights on the Property are held by the Crown and a “Notice of Work and Reclamation Program” permit is required for drilling, trenching, setting up a camp and other intrusive work. There are no known environmental liabilities and no permits have been applied for or acquired for the Property. There is no Indian Reserve, First Nations Treaty Land on the Property, however the Property is regionally in a broad consultative area of several First Nations from Okanagan Valley to the Kootenays. The Company may be required to consult with the First Nations communities when drilling, trenching or other intrusive exploration work permit is applied. In the Province of British Columbia uranium and thorium exploration is not allowed.
Claim data is summarized in the Table 1, while a map showing the claims is presented in Figures 2, 3 and 4.
Table 1: Claim Data
| Title Number |
Claim Name | Claim Name | Owner | Title Type |
Map Number |
Issue Date | Good to Date |
Status | Area (ha) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1075878 | WHITEWATER GOLD |
260370 (100%) |
Mineral Claim |
082K | 2020/APR/24 | 2023/DEC/31 | PROTECTED | 248.83 | |
| 1076510 | WHITEWATER 2 |
260370 (100%) |
Mineral Claim |
082K | 2020/MAY/30 | 2023/DEC/31 | PROTECTED | 475.91 | |
| 1077955 | WHITEWATER 4 |
260370 (100%) |
Mineral Claim |
082K | 2020/AUG/11 | 2023/DEC/31 | PROTECTED | 414.74 | |
| 1078108 | WHITEWATER 5 |
260370 (100%) |
Mineral Claim |
082F | 2020/AUG/19 | 2025/DEC/31 | PROTECTED | 415.26 | |
| 1078135 | WHITEWATER 6 |
260370 (100%) |
Mineral Claim |
082F | 2020/AUG/22 | 2025/DEC/31 | PROTECTED | 394.58 | |
| 1078152 | WHITEWATER 7 |
260370 (100%) |
Mineral Claim |
082F | 2020/AUG/24 | 2025/DEC/31 | PROTECTED | 332.40 | |
| Total Area (Hectares) | 2,281.72 |
The Property was acquired by Traction pursuant to a property purchase option agreement dated September 02, 2020 (“Effective Date”) where the Company can earn 100% interest in the Property by incurring $515,000 in exploration expenditures and paying $80,000 in cash, all in accordance with the following schedule:
(a) within three months of the Effective Date, incur minimum Expenditures of $75,000;
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(b) on or before the first anniversary of the date upon which the Optionee’s shares are listed for trading on any stock exchange in Canada (the “ Listing Date ”), incur minimum Expenditures of $110,000;
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(c) on or before the second anniversary of the Listing Date:
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(i) pay to the Optionor $30,000; and
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(ii) incur minimum additional Expenditures of $130,000; and
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(d) on or before the third anniversary of the Listing Date:
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(i) pay to the Optionor $50,000; and
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(ii) incur minimum additional Expenditures $200,000.
4.1 Environmental Liabilities
There are no known environmental liabilities and no permits have been applied for or acquired for the Property. No obvious environmental liabilities were observed during Property visits.
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Figure 1: Regional Property Location
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Figure 2: Claim and Physiography Map
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Figure 3 : Whitewater Property North Block
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Figure 4: Whitewater Gold Property South Block Claim Location Map.
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5.0 ACCESSIBILITY, CLIMATE, LOCAL RESOURCES, INFRASTRUCTURE PHYSIOGRAPHY
5.1 Access
The property consists of two claim blocks, a North block and a South block located at the south end of the Goat Range in the Selkirk Mountains. It is located at Retallack which is a mining ghost town on highway 31A between towns of Kaslo and New Denver located 26km and 20km respectively from the Property (Figure 3). The town of Kaslo is located to the southeast of the Property on Kootenay Lake in the West Kootenay region of British Columbia. Kaslo is 69km (43 miles) from Nelson, following Highway BC-31 to the south. Highway 31A crosses the South Claim Block of the Property.
At KM 25 from Kaslo on Highway 31A-W, the North Block of the property is approximately 4 km to the north of the highway. The northern edge of the South Block is 4 km south of Retallack on Highway 31A. The access to North block is generally on a four-wheel vehicle and then on foot (1.5-2 km) by following either of the two trails, the Whitewater Creek Trail, or the Lyle Creek Trail. Lower reaches of both trails can be accessed by four-wheel vehicles and the upper reaches near the Property claim boundary is reachable on foot or using an all terrain vehicle (ATV). Drilling operations in the Southern Claim Block can be readily done due to good road access whereas in the Northern Claim Block will need helicopter supported drill program.
5.2 Climate
The nearest climate data is available from the village of Kaslo (Table-2). However, the climate of the property might be slightly different due to elevation difference. The 30-year temperature range is -6°C to 25°C whereas the average annual temperature ranges from -3°C to 18.1°C (Table2). The average annual snowfall for Kaslo is 218 cm. Typical snow accumulations, in the six-month period, October to March, ranges from 0.8 cm to 12.4 cm with typical peak accumulations in the period of November to February (207.20 cm). However, extreme snow falls of greater than 20 cm have been recorded for March. The rainfall occurs throughout the year and ranges from 39.7mm to 80.5mm. Monthly average rainfall is lowest in January and highest in November. Exploration work such as geological mapping, prospecting, trenching, and sampling can be carried out during summer months (from May to October), whereas drilling and geophysical surveying can be done throughout the year.
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Table 2 : Kaslo Average Monthly Climate Data & Extremes, British Columbia Canada Climate Data
https://www.eldoradoweather.com/canada/climate2/Kaslo.html
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5.3 Local Resources and Infrastructure
The property is connected with two major towns: Nelson and Trail. These town are located to the south of the property. Trail with a population of 7,709 (Canada 2016 Census) is 124 km south of New Denver (village closest to the property) and can be accessed via BC 6S and 3A. Nelson with a population of 10,664 (Canada 2016 Census) is 100 km and can be reached via BC 6S. Nelson is one of the three cities forming the commercial and population core of the West Kootenay region, the others being Castlegar and Trail. Teck Resources Limited has a smelter known as “Trail Operations”, which employees approximately 1,800 people, located in the community of Trail. It is one of the world's largest fully integrated zinc and lead smelting and refining complexes. The metallurgical operations produce refined zinc and lead, a variety of precious and specialty metals, chemicals, and fertilizer products.
Local economy is based on construction. forestry, fishing & mining, manufacturing, tourism, and agriculture. Various industries and related service providers are present in the area. Specialized exploration services such as drilling and geophysical survey companies are in Vancouver and Kamloops. Mining personnel are available in Kootenay region because of various mining activities, particularly big coal mining operation in east Kootenay.
Village of New Denver with a population of 473 (Canada 2016 Census) is a good location to support the needs of an exploration program. Few motels, grocery stores and dining places are available in the village. Several lakes located on the property are good source of water for exploration and mining work. The 2020 exploration work on the Property was carried out of New Denver.
5.4 Physiography
The property lies within Goat Range of the Selkirk Mountains which is part of the Columbia Mountain system. The topography of the property is rugged ranging in elevation from 850 meters to 2800 meters above sea level (Figures 2, 3, 4 and 5). Slopes at lower elevations are in the order of 20 degree to 25 degree increasing to 50 degree or more near ridge crests. The crest of the Goat Range forms the drainage divide north of Kaslo River, and streams flow northeast into the Kootenay Lake drainage and southwest into the Kaslo River and Slocan River drainages. Vegetation above 1650 m is generally sparse with abundant outcrop; below 1650 m, the area has a thick cover of spruce, alder, and pine. The area is at a juvenile stage o f weathering and erosion, with actively accreting scree fans at the base of all slopes.
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Figure 5 : General physiography of the area.
6.0 HISTORY
6.1 General History
The history of exploration in the Slocan mining dates to early twenties of eighteenth century with the discovery of a lead mineralization outcropping on the east shore of the Kootenay Lake (Blue Bell mine, Riondel). A small-scale mining operation was also conducted by Indians and Hudson's Bay Company. However, the active exploration in the area began after 1865 when gold was discovered in the Big Bend country of Columbia river. This discovery attracted many prospectors into the Kootenays. In 1868, an American prospector, Henry Doane, rediscovered and did some more work on the Blue Bell mine. He also made crude attempts to smelt the Blue Bell mineralized rocks but failed. Following the collapse of this effort, exploration activity was suspended in Slocan for years (AR19475).
In the year 1891, two prospectors, Eli Carpenter and. John L. (Jack) Seaton discovered outcroppings of the Payne vein in Payne mountain and staked a claim on it. Vast amounts of galena were discovered in the Sandon area. From Kaslo, the common route into Sandon was through Kaslo and Montezuma creeks. This gave a big boost to Kaslo and changed its population from one house in 1891 to 4-5 thousand in 1892. After the galena discovery, several additional discoveries were made in and around Sandon area (Fig-6).
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6.2 Property History
Exploration of the property area also dates to the late 1800s when polymetallic silver-lead-zinc veins, such as the Gold Quartz showing (082KSW032) were first discovered (Figure 3). The major discovery of gold was made in Kaslo formation at Highland Surprise Mine. The mine produced 1,617 oz gold from 5,151 tons of ore grading 0.314 oz per ton, during the period 1937 to 1941 (Maconachie, 1940). Other nearby mineral occurrences discovered during this period include: the Gold Quartz showings, the Eureka and the Solo. More recent exploration (1970 to present) efforts have been focused on the gold potential of the area.
In 1978 and 1979, Semco Mining Corp. completed programs of geological mapping, trenching and geochemical sampling on the area. In 1989, Northern Crown Mines Ltd. and Doron Explorations Inc. conducted sampling and trenching. In 1991, Minnova examined the area ((https://minfile.gov.bc.ca/Summary.aspx?minfilno=082KSW033). Several companies were involved in exploration activities in the claim area from time to time.
R.J. Trimble and R.J. Macneill prepared a geological and geophysical report for Hi-Ridge Resources Ltd. in the year 1972. The exploration program involving geological mapping, prospecting, magnetometer surveying and diamond drilling. One diamond drill hole of 374 feet was completed on the main asbestos showing. Diamond drilling of the main showings indicates that the zone of asbestos-bearing serpentinized peridotite is extremely narrow. The asbestos appears to be concentrated near a narrow pyroxenite dyke. These studies were conducted in Kaslo group.
R.J. Macneill explored the area (117-degree 09' west and 50-degree 03' north) for Pan Ocean Oil Limited in the year 1973. Geological mapping of the property shows that the claim is located on the favorable ultrabasic belt but there is no obvious sign of economic nickel or copper mineralization within the property.
Paul Brown conducted soil geochemistry for Amoco Canada Petroleum Company Limited in 1979. A total of 368 soil samples were collected. The results indicate the presence of several anomalous concentrations of gold. The strongest soil anomaly is underlain by chloritized meta-andesite which are host to infrequent visible quartz veins, and adjacent to the contact with ultramafic rocks.
D.A. Visagie prepared a soil geochemistry report for Amoco Canada Petroleum Company in 1980. A total of 135 soil l samples were taken. The results indicate the presence of several anomalous concentrations of gold. The major soil anomaly is underlain by chloritized meta-andesites. In addition to the major anomaly, several smaller anomalies were noted, which may be related to quartz veins in the chloritized mafic volcanics.
Minfile is a database of BC Ministry of Energy and Mines which contains geological, location and economic information on over 13,000 metallic, industrial mineral and coal mines, deposits, and occurrences in B.C. The BC Geological Survey (BCGS) has the mandate to compile Minfile
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information by reviewing mineral assessment reports, recent publications, press releases, property file and company websites. There are six Minfile occurrences reported on the Property which are listed on Table 3, shown on Figures 2 and 3, and are discussed in the following Sections.
Table 3: List of Minfile occurrences on the Property
| Minfile Name | Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Commodity Sought |
|---|---|---|---|
| Easting | Northing | ||
| GOLD QUARTZ, GOLD QUARTZ NO. 1-9, COTTON TAIL, COTTON TAIL FR. NO. 1- 2, WHITEWATER, WHITEWATER 1-3 |
491095 | 5546977 | Silver, Gold, Lead, Zinc, Copper |
| BOLLINGER, WHITEWATER 1-3, PAISLEY (L.5612), WHISTLER (L.5614), CUBA (L.5609), GARNETT (L.2842), RUBY FR. (L.5820), EMERALD FR. (L.5821) |
492884 | 5546604 | Gold, Copper, Lead |
| GOLD QUARTZ RIDGE | 490123 | 5548060 | Gold, Silver, Copper |
| GOLD QUARTZ B ZONE | 490579 | 5547318 | Gold, Silver, Copper, Lead |
| TOM, TOM 3, TIM, TIP, TAM, CHRIS, OLYMPUS |
489426 | 5546980 | Copper |
| LUCKY BOY, FOURTH OF JULY, JOCKER | 493115 | 5540674 | Polymetallic veins Ag-Pb- Zn+/-Au |
6.2.1 Gold Quartz Occurrence
The Gold Quartz prospect is situated 1 kilometre south of Mount Brennan and 1.75 kilometres northwest along strike of the Highland Surprise occurrence (082KSW037) (Figure 3). Veins are exposed in greenstone on the northeast side of a serpentinite body of the Permian Kaslo Group. The greenstones are generally more massive in character than at the nearby Highland Surprise occurrence. Near veins, the greenstone is intruded by diorite and feldspar porphyry dikes. The veins that have been the target of development strike northwesterly. Differing from the Highland Surprise occurrence, veins here contain conspicuous amounts of galena and sphalerite with pyrite and chalcopyrite. There are several veins having a northeast or easterly strike as well.
Development has occurred in two general areas. Southeast at roughly 1920 metres elevation, surface stripping exposed a quartz vein system striking 335 to 340 degrees and dipping 60 to 70 degrees east. One or two regular quartz bands vary in width from 15 to 60 centimetres, with irregular quartz stringers in between. Sulphides are disseminated in quartz veins and greenstone, with total lode width ranging from 60 to 210 centimetres. Wider quartz bands have longitudinal openings. Immediately southeast, a short adit has intersected quartz stringers with a general
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strike of 330 degrees. Greenstone on the footwall and hanging wall is highly sheared. The best assay from in situ sampling across 70 centimetres of narrow bands of massive pyrite and chalcopyrite with lesser galena and sphalerite yielded 3.43 grams per tonne gold and 24 grams per tonne silver (Bulletin 7, page 45). A second vein is exposed 200 metres to the northeast. This vein strikes 325 degrees and dips 75 degrees and is traceable over 180 metres. The vein occurs in diorite for part of its length and is bordered by a feldspar porphyry dike on the hanging wall side for most of its length. Vein width varies from 10 to 120 centimetres and hosts a sulphide mineralogy consisting of pyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, and galena. Albite alteration occurs locally within the vein. Samples yielded poorer gold and silver contents than the previous vein.
About 600 metres to the northwest, a series of quartz veins and stringers are hosted in massive and sheared greenstones. Shears strike 130 degrees and dip 60 degrees southwest. The greenstone is highly chlorite altered. Total width of the zone is as much as 9 metres. An adit was driven on the westernmost of these veins. North of the adit, a series of open cuts exposes quartz in schistose greenstone. Shears strike 340 degrees and dip steeply southeast. There is a diorite body immediately to the east. Open cuts expose weakly pyrite-bearing quartz. Calcite is also locally present in veins. The best sample yielded 6.8 grams per tonne gold and trace silver over 145 centimetres (Bulletin 7, page 47). At this location, a feldspar porphyry dike lies in the diorite and is well exposed for over 60 metres.
Property exploration covering the Gold Quartz occurrence area has been conducted intermittently from the 1960s to 1980s. Numerous trenches and pits have explored the surface exposure of the shear known to host mineralization of the Gold Quartz occurrence. Several rock samples were taken from near the portal to the main adit of the southeast group in 1987. Sample MR-54 yielded 0.37 gram per tonne gold and 3.10 grams per tonne silver (Assessment Report 19475). The chip sample was taken across 1.6 metres of semi-massive andesite with 40 per cent quartz stringers, hosting 4 per cent fine-grained sulphides. Similarly, Sample SH-61 taken across 1 metre of outcrop beside the adit yielded 0.73 gram per tonne gold and 8.10 grams per tonne silver (Assessment Report 19475).
6.2.2 Bollinger Occurrence
The Bollinger occurrence is located 1.25 kilometres northeast of the Highland Surprise (082KSW037), some 29 kilometres northwest of Kaslo, British Columbia (Figure 3). The main lithologies of the area are assigned to the Permian Kaslo Group, consisting of andesite flows, pyroclastics and tuffaceous sediments. The volcanics and sediments are generally oriented 320 degrees and the contact between these two units has a strike of 350 degrees. Serpentinite is the most extensive rock type exposed in this area, forming northwesterly trending bands with steep southwest dips, and extending up to 750 metres in width. Talc and asbestos are common alteration minerals associated with this serpentinite unit. The contact between the serpentinite and surrounding lithologies is faulted. This faulted contact has a strike of 350 degrees and a steep westerly dip. The surface trace of this fault can be traced for several kilometres. Underground, this fault is marked by a heavy talc gouge. Dikes and sills in the area are dioritic and feldspar
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porphyry. Quartz veins are common throughout, and the showing is reported to consist of gold, copper, and lead mineralization in a quartz vein (Minister of Mines Annual Report 1901 and Geological Survey of Canada Open File 464).
6.2.3 Gold Quartz Ridge Occurrence
The Gold Quartz Ridge prospect is located 1 kilometre west of Mount Brennan and 1.5 kilometres northwest of the historic Gold Quartz showing (082KSW032) (Figure 3). The Gold Quartz Ridge prospect is also underlain by andesite flows, breccias and pillow andesite of the Permian Kaslo Group. The andesites are porphyritic with up to 5 per cent hornblende phenocrysts and locally feldspar phenocrysts in a fine grained chloritic groundmass.
The Gold Quartz Ridge prospect is crisscrossed with numerous felsic dikes and shear zones with associated quartz veins. Felsic dikes range from 1 to 2 metres width with trace to 4 per cent disseminated pyrite. Quartz stringers are also common. Shears range from 10 centimetres up to 4 metres wide. The shears generally envelop a sinuous quartz vein or stringers. Gold mineralization is restricted to quartz veining. The best assay results occur where shears intersect felsic dikes where quartz flooding and sulphide content increase.
Sample SH-28, a 30-centimetre chip sample, was taken across the intersection of a shear with a quartz vein and a felsic dike. The vein contained 1 per cent disseminated pyrite and chalcopyrite. The strike of the vein was 060 degrees. Assay results yielded 1.74 grams per tonne gold and 43.0 grams per tonne silver (Assessment Report 19475). Another sample, Sample SH-25, taken 200 metres to the east-northeast along the same shear yielded 1.05 grams per tonne gold and 14.3 grams per tonne silver (Assessment Report 19475). A third sample, Sample SH-35, yielded 1.70 grams per tonne gold and 21.0 grams per tonne silver (Assessment Report 19475).
6.2.4 Gold Quartz B Zone
The Gold Quartz B Zone prospect is located 1 kilometre southwest of Mount Brennan and 60 metres northwest of the historic Gold Quartz showing (082KSW032) (Figure 3). The Gold Quartz B Zone prospect is underlain by andesite flows, breccias and pillow andesite of the Permian Kaslo Group. The prospect consists of a weakly sinuous shear-alteration zone up to 5 metres wide, with associated quartz veining. Massive quartz veins and quartz stockworks pinch and swell from 0.4 to 2.0 metres wide within the central part of the shear. Mineralization consists of up to 5 per cent pyrite, chalcopyrite, and galena, generally concentrated along vein walls. Feldspar porphyry dikes are occasionally found adjacent to the shear zone. The shear zone strikes 160 degrees and dips steeply to the southwest. Surface trace of the shear zone extends to 300 metres.
Trenching and sampling has been conducted across this shear zone with the following assay results. Sample MR-18, from Trench 2, yielded 7.92 grams per tonne gold and 83.0 grams per tonne silver (Assessment Report 19475). The sample was a 0.4-metre chip sample across the most mineralized part of the vein. Mineralization consisted of 2 to 3 per cent pyrite and minor
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chalcopyrite in quartz, minor carbonate, and chlorite. The strike of the vein is 160 degrees and dips 76 degrees southwest. Sample SH-12, taken immediately to the south, yielded 3.52 grams per tonne gold and 1.54 grams per tonne silver (Assessment Report 19475). A third sample, Sample SH-23, taken 250 metres to the south yielded 5.84 grams per tonne and 81.0 grams per tonne silver (Assessment Report 19475).
6.2.5 Tom 3 Occurrence
The Tom 3 showing is located near the headwaters of Whitewater Creek, approximately 3 kilometres southwest of Whitewater Mountain (Figure 3). Copper is known to occur in chlorite biotite schist, restricted to areas where shears or faults intersect the serpentinite. The Tom 3 showing comprises one such occurrence. A 33-metre chip sample of this material along strike of the copper zone yielded assay values of 1.86 per cent copper (Assessment Report 3926).
6.2.6 Lucky Boy Occurrence
The Lucky Boy occurrence is a past producer, located 4 kilometres southwest of Retallack, British Columbia on the south side of Kaslo Creek (Figure 4). Production for 1938 and 1948 totaled 150 tonnes, resulting in 9455 grams of silver, 43 kilograms of cadmium, 2440 kilograms of lead and 14,059 kilograms of zinc. Three drillholes in 1950 failed to reveal further mineralization and further property work was abandoned.
Silver-lead-zinc mineralization occurs in the Triassic Slocan Group, locally consisting primarily of black fissile phyllites with interbedded limestone, calcareous phyllites and brown gritty quartzites. The general structural trend is 310 degrees, dipping generally southwesterly. Greenstones and ultramafic rocks of the Permian Kaslo Group unconformably underlie the Slocan Group to the east, also hosting silver-lead-zinc mineralization. Satellite stocks, dikes and sills are generally correlative with the Nelson batholith to the immediate south. Late stage lamprophyre dikes are also common.
Little geological information is available for this occurrence. Country rocks consist of limestone, argillite, quartzite, and slate of the Slocan Group. Property work in 1935 consisted of surface workings and an adit, 23 metres long, driven along a contact between limestone and thin- bedded argillite. Massive galena and sphalerite mineralization were noted in fissures crosscutting the limestone. Further details of property development can be found in National Mineral Inventory 083K3 Zn1 (Source: https://minfile.gov.bc.ca/Summary.aspx?minfilno=082KSW042).
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7.0 GEOLOGICAL SETTING AND MINERALIZATION
7.1 Regional Geology
The southeast British Columbia comprises four structural-tectonic domains which from east to west are (Fig-6)
-
The Rocky Mountain-Foreland Fold and Thrust Belt
-
Purcell Anticlinorium
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The Kootenay Arc
-
The Shuswap Metamorphic complex
The claim area occurs in the southern part of the Goat Range of eastern Selkirk Mountains which lies within the Kootenay Arc terrane, considered as a part of the North American continental margin, at least by Late Mississippian time. The Kootenay Arc lies to the west of the Purcell Anticlinorium and is characterized by an increase in metamorphic grade and complexity of deformation, and a decrease in stratigraphic age (Warren, 1997). It is a curving belt of complexly deformed sedimentary, volcanic, and metamorphic rocks. It extends southeasterly from Revelstoke, to Kootenay Lake and then southerly into the United States. It consists of lower Paleozoic and Mesozoic rocks on the west flank of the Purcell Anticlinorium. The limestone, dolomite, clastic sedimentary rocks and volcanic rocks of Paleozoic and early Mesozoic age in the arc were intensely deformed during early Paleozoic and Middle Jurassic time (Read and Wheeler, 1976; Parrish and Wheeler, 1983; Archibald et al., 1983).
The stratigraphic sequence in Kootenay Arc include Purcell Supergroup (1500 Ma to 1350 Ma), Windermere Supergroup (Upper Proterozoic, 827-918 Ma) of clastic sedimentary and volcanic rocks, Hamil Group (Cambrian), Reeves Limestone and Badshot Formation (Lower Cambrian), Lardeau Group (Lower Cambrian), Milford Group (Upper Mississippian to Lower Pennsylvanian), Kaslo Group (Permian age), Slocan and Ymir groups ( Upper Triassic) and Rossland Group (Lower Jurassic) (Figure 7).
The best account of the stratigraphy of the Goat Range is given by D.W. Klepacki in his dissertation and published papers (see reference section). The Groups, Formations and Members with their ages and brief lithologies are shown are shown in Figure 7. A brief description of these units is described in the following section.
7.1.1 Hammil Group
The lowest part of the stratigraphic section in the area is represented by Hammil Group which crops out in the southeastern part of Goat mountain. This group consists of medium to fine grained white and gray micaceous quartzite and quartz pebble conglomerate. Greenstone, mafic volcanic rocks, muscovite-biotite quartzofelspathic gneiss also occur in places. The sediments in the group were deposited in the continental margin environments whereas mafic volcanics are
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interpreted as rift-related volcanic. The group is of Lower Cambrian age and disconformably overlies Windermere strata.
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Figure 6: Regional Geological Map of Kootenay Arc British Columbia (After Fyles 1970)
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7.1.1.1 Badshot-Mohican Formation
The outcrops of Badshot-Mohican Formation were mapped as one unit in Goat Range and occur along the shoreline of Kootenay Lake, three kilometer north of Kaslo. The formation comprises grey and white crystalline marble interlayered with calcite-plagioclase-diopside-amphibolequartz gneiss and quartz-plagioclase-muscovite-biotite gneiss. These carbonate rocks are interpreted as shallow water, subtidal carbonate deposits with local archeocyathid-bearing bioherms. The upper contact with Lardeau Group is conformable. A Lower Cambrian age is assigned to the Formation.
7.1.2 Lardeau Group
The group is divided into three formations which, from oldest to youngest are Index Formation, Jowett Formation and Broadview Formation.
7.1.2.1 Index Formation
It crops out on the eastern side of the Blue Ridge and consists of basal green to grey calc-silicate gneiss and schist interlayered with mica schist and gneiss commonly containing garnet. Reddish brown weathering impure marble pods are common in basal part which is overlain by rusty weathering dark gray mica schist and gneiss that also commonly contain garnet. The upper contact of Index Formation is gradational. The age of the Index Formation is lower Paleozoic and likely Lower Cambrian.
7.1.2.2 Jowett Formation
The Jowett Formation in Goat Range is mapped in the south of Schroeder Creek, headwaters of Shutty Creek and south slope of Mount Buchanan. The formation consists of quartz-chloriteplagioclase schist, phyllite, amphibole-quartz-plagioclase greenstone, pillow lavas, and interbedded chlorite phyllite, grey mica phyllite and pyritic quartzite. The composition of pillow lava is a quartz-normative tholeiite. The upper contact with Broadview Formation is gradational. The age of the formation is lower Paleozoic and probably Cambrian to Ordovician.
7.1.2.3 Broadview Formation
This formation is mapped in the north of Milford Peak, west of the spyglass and Schroeder faults and in the core of the northern segment of the Dryden anticline. The formation consists of grey to slightly rusty weathering quartz-muscovite-biotite garnet schist, calcareous schist, quartzite and grit with secondary chlorite and muscovite, and rare plagioclase, quartz pebble conglomerate and quartz-muscovite-chlorite phyllites. The lower contact is gradational and the upper contact with Milford Group is an angular unconformity. Lower to Middle Ordovician age is assigned to this formation.
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7.1.3 Milford Group
The group is exposed along the eastern slope of the Goat Range and in general, consist of a basal limestone and argillaceous limestone sequence overlain by siliceous argillites, meta sandstones, cherty tuff, and volcanic rocks. Three assemblages are identified in Milford Group.
7.1.3.1 Davis Assemblage
This assemblage consists, in ascending stratigraphic order, of: rare basal quartz-pebble conglomerate, blue-grey and light to dark grey fine-grained, thin bedded limestone, interbedded silvery grey phyllite, grey limestone and, thin bedded metasandstone, quartz rich cherty tuff and local phyllitic greenstone, overlain by grey siliceous argillite. The Davis assemblage is Late Mississippian (Early Namurian) in age. The limestone member unconformably overlies the Lardeau Group although the contact in most places is a fault.
7.1.3.2 Keen Creek Assemblage
Rusty-weathering, matrix-supported, quartz-pebble conglomerate form the basal member of Keen Creek assemblage. It is followed by Tholeiitic pillow basalt, massive greenstone, and amphibolite with epidote-quartz veinlets of Lower Volcanic Member, which in turn are overlain by light and dark grey banded limestone of Banded Limestone Member. Tholeiitic pillow lava, grey and green phyllite, and green amphibolite of the upper volcanic member overlies the banded limestone member. A heterogeneous unit of quartz-biotite-plagioclase-amphibole schist, calc-schist, amphibole- and biotite-rich metasandstone, metaconglomerate and pillowed amphibolite are interbedded with limestone in the upper part of the assemblage.
The assemblage rests unconformably on the Broadview Formation and is Upper Mississippian (Early Namurian) to Lower Pennsylvanian (Late Namurian) in age.
7.1.3.3 McHardy Assemblage
The McHardy assemblage, consists of, in ascending stratigraphic order, calcareous phyllite and argillaceous marble (dark grey tremolitic limestone, dark grey siliceous phyllite and grey quartzplagioclase-carbonate-mineral-mica schist), tuffaceous metasandstone, (pink to light grey, sandy weathering, bedded), conglomerate (metamorphosed with granule- to boulder-sized clasts and grey metasandstone), limestone and marble (White to grey marble, fossiliferous limestone, black and grey), and siliceous argillite with lenses of volcanic rock (dark to medium grey and green, dense). Siliceous argillite is the dominant lithology in the outcrops. Hardy assemblage is also distinguished by numerous dykes and sills of hornblende diorite porphyry which feed overlying volcanic rocks. The assemblage is Late Mississippian or older in age and conformably overlies the Kaslo Group.
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7.1.4 Kaslo Group
The Kaslo Group is best developed along the Blue Ridge from Mount Dryden south to Mount Jardine. This group is described in the Property Geology (Section 7.3).
7.1.5 Slocan Group
The Slocan Group is the youngest sedimentary sequence in the Goat Range and crops out in Poplar Creek area, Mount Cooper to Kemball Creek and along both sides of highway31A in the Property Area. This group is described in the Property Geology (Section 7.3).
7.1.6 Intrusive Rocks
Intrusive rocks are common in the Goat Range and include dykes, sills and stocks of diorite, gabbro, granitic rocks, and rare lamprophyre. The major intrusive rocks in the area are: synvolcanic diorite, syntectonic diorite, and granitic rocks. The basic intrusive rocks occur throughout the Goat Range whereas large discordant bodies of granitic rocks are present in the northwestern part of the area. The oldest intrusive rocks are reported from the Lardeau group but are very thin and discontinues. Younger dioritic rocks are related to three plutonic events: 1) Intrusion of the Early to Middle Permian and Carboniferous Kane Creek Diorite (synvolcanic), 2) Intrusion of the Late Permian to Middle Triassic Whitewater Diorite (syntectonic diorite), and 3) Intrusion of the younger early Mesozoic Davis Ridge Diorite. All these diorites are hornblende bearing and have a chemical composition of gabbro (contains less than 50 percent silica and its normative plagioclase is greater than 50 percent anorthite). Granitic rocks are Jurassic and (?) older in age and comprise the Kaslo River, Kuskanax and Blue Ridge Intrusive rocks. Lamprophyre dykes are possibly Eocene in age.
7.1.6.1 Kane Creek Diorite
It is extensively exposed in the headwaters of Kane Creek. Large bodies occur at Mount Cooper and southeast of Mount McHardy. It consists of greenish grey, medium- to fine grained foliated hornblende diorite porphyry, microdiorite greenstone and plagioclase-porphyroblastic chlorite schist dykes. It commonly contains ductile shear zones, mineralized quartz epidote ± carbonate veins, and breccia with mineralized fractures. Glomerophyric hornblende is common but not ubiquitous. The Kane Creek Diorite consists of actinolite hornblende (30-50 percent) and altered plagioclase (20-35 percent) phenocrysts set in a matrix of amphibole-albitic plagioclase-epidotechlorite-sphene. Dykes of Kane Creek diorite can be traced into tholeiitic volcanics of the McHardy assemblage and the Kaslo Group. It is considered, therefore, to be of Permian and (?)Carboniferous age. The Kane Creek Diorite is distinguished from the similar Whitewater Diorite by its ophitic texture and distinctly greater color index (35-60 percent) and "dusty" appearance of its hornblende porphyry phase).
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7.1.6.2 Whitewater Diorite
The unit is best exposed at Whitewater Mountain in the Northern Property Claim Block where it is cutting the Whitewater Fault and overlying Kaslo volcanics. The other mappable locations include Three Grizzlies Stock, southeastern slope of Mount Brennan and Mount Jardin area. Whitewater Diorite is difficult to distinguish from Kane Creek Diorite where crosscutting relationships or glomerophyric textures characteristic of the Kane Creek Diorite are lacking. Whitewater diorite is medium- to coarse-grained, equigranular, and exhibits a lower color index than Kane Creek Diorite. Locally Whitewater diorite is intensely sheared with fine grained, mylonite-like ductile shear zones which suggest syntectonic emplacement. In general, the Whitewater Diorite consists of phenocrysts of coarse-grained actinolitic hornblende with finegrained (0.1 mm) plagioclase inclusions and phenocrysts of coarse-grained plagioclase altered to albite-epidote-white mica and rare amphibole. North of Marten Mountain, it includes large xenoliths of serpentinite and volcanics, including a body with the serpentinite-volcanic contact, interpreted as representing the Whitewater Fault. Because the Whitewater diorite intrudes the Kaslo Group of Lower Permian and (?)Carboniferous age and is unconformably overlain by the Marten conglomerate of Lower Permian age, the age of the diorite is Early Permian. The Whitewater diorite is restricted to the McHardy assemblage and the Kaslo Group.
7.1.6.3 Davis Ridge Diorite
Several large mafic sills and dykes are present on the southern ridge of Mount Davis and are called the Davis Ridge Diorite. It consists of coarse-grained phenocrysts of altered pyroxene and plagioclase set in a fine-grained matrix. The Davis Ridge Diorite intrudes rocks as young as the Upper Triassic Slocan Group.
7.1.6.4 Kaslo River Intrusive Rocks, Blue Ridge Intrusive Rocks and Kuskanax Batholith
These are the other intrusive units identified in the region. The Granitic rocks in these intrusions generally consist of hornblende and/or biotite granite and leucogranite, aegerine granite, and feldspar porphyry plugs and dykes. The age of these granites is Middle Jurassic.
The Kaslo River Intrusive Rocks consist of blocky, medium-grained light brown to light grey rocks that are generally rusty. Oligoclase or andesine plagioclase and slightly less microcline constitute 75 percent of the rock. Mafic components form less than 10 percent of the rock and consist of hornblende and minor biotite.
Blue Ridge intrusives are Light colored felsite dykes and leucogranite and occur along the southeast of Kane Creek.
Kuskanax Batholith is characterized by fine- to medium-grained light-coloured to pinkish, mainly equigranular leucogranite, leucocratic quartz monzonite and syenite with characteristic lensshaped mafic clots.
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7.1.6.5 Lamprophyre Dykes
The lamprophyre dykes are reported from near headwaters of Kane Creek as well as 5km north of Wilson and Keen Creeks junction. Several dykes were observed within the Property area and Hedley (1945, p. 15) noted these dykes in white water mine too. The unfoliated dyke consists of medium-grained augite phenocrysts set in a dark grey, fine-grained matrix that contains biotite and feldspar. In thin section the rock from Kane Creek consists of phenocrysts of zoned biotite (50 percent), slightly perthitic potash feldspar (10 percent) and euhedral apatite (15 percent) set in a matrix of carbonate and opaque minerals (25 percent). The dykes are correlated with the Eocene lamprophyre dykes farther west.
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Figure 7: Generalized stratigraphy of the Goat Range (Klepacki,1985)
7.2 Structural Geology
Regional Structural geology of Goat Range is described in detail by Klepacki, D. W. and Wheeler, J.O in their publication “ Klepacki, D. W. and Wheeler, J.O., Stratigraphic and structural relations of the Milford, Kaslo and Slocan groups, Goat Range, Lardeau and Nelson map areas, Fritish
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Columbia; in Current Research, Part A, Geological Survey o{ Canada, Paper 85-1A, p. 277286,198.5) ”. This section is taken from the publication.
7.2.1 Major structures and deformation
The distribution of Mississippian and younger rocks in the area is controlled by four major structures: Whitewater Fault, Stubbs Fault, Dryden Anticline, and Schroeder Fault. PreMississippian rocks experienced additional deformation not associated with these structures. This earlier deformation is manifested as thrust faults and a pre-Mississippian foliation probably associated with folding. Northwest of Mount Cooper, two foliations are present in Broadview Formation of Lardeau Group, whereas only one occurs in the overlying Keen Creek assemblage of Milford Group. Pebbles of quartzite in basal conglomerate of Keen Creek assemblage are stretched along the foliation associated with the Dryden Anticline. This foliation is present as crenulation cleavage in the underlying Broadview Formation. Southeast and east of Mount Buchanan, structurally upright marble, and overlying Jowett Formation volcanics lie structurally on top of Broadview Formation in apparent thrust contact. The thrust fault is interpreted to lie at the base of the marble and volcanics and is locally truncated by the overlying Milford Group indicating pre-Upper Mississippian thrusting (section F-G on Figure 8).
7.2.1.1 Whitewater Fault
The Whitewater Fault occurs at the base of Kaslo Group ultramafic unit and repeats the volcanic stratigraphy. Where exposed, the Whitewater Fault is a shear zone that is folded by folds associated with the Dryden Anticline. The Whitewater Fault cuts the Kaslo Group lower plate units, requiring the age of displacement to be younger than those Lower Permian and Carboniferous strata. The Whitewater Fault is plugged by the Whitewater diorite, which not only truncates the fault but has a large xenolith containing part of the Whitewater Fault. Northwest of Marten Mountain, Whitewater diorite is overlain unconformably by the Lower Permian Marten conglomerate indicating an Early Permian age of movement along the fault.
7.2.1.2 Dryden Anticline
The first folding episode recognized in rocks younger than Mississippian generated the Dryden Anticline. The axial surface of Dryden Anticline is cut off by McKian Creek Stock, and can be traced south to the Mount Buchanan area where it is apparently truncated by a thrust fault in the McHardy assemblage (Fig. 8, section F-G). These truncations and regional considerations (Read and Wheeler, 1976) suggest the Dryden Anticline was generated during the Middle Jurassic Columbian Orogeny.
The axial surface of Dryden Anticline is mostly steeply to moderately inclined to the southwest although it locally dips northeast due to interference of younger structures. In the northwest the fold plunges southeast at 15 degrees and in the southeast, it plunges northwest at approximately
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8 degrees. The Dryden Anticline thus forms a saddle-shaped structure with the depression occurring near the "elbow" bend of structural trends northwest of Mount Buchanan.
7.2.1.3 Stubbs Fault
The McHardy assemblage and Kaslo and Slocan groups have apparently been thrusted onto the Keen Creek assemblage along the Stubbs Fault. The fault is well exposed on the northern flank of Mount Stubbs where the underlying upright, east-dipping limestone of Keen Creek assemblage becomes overturned to the east, suggesting east-directed movement along the fault. The Stubbs Fault, as well as the Whitewater Fault, is folded by the Dryden Anticline (Fig. 8 section A-B-C). However, the Stubbs Fault also cuts folds associated with the Dryden Anticline, suggesting synchronism of folding and faulting. The Stubbs Fault is plugged by Middle Jurassic granites of Kuskanax Batholith affinity.
7.2.1.4 Schroeder Fault
The Schroeder Fault juxtaposes the east limb of the Dryden Anticline against the west facing Lardeau Group and Davis assemblage. The Schroeder Fault has significant normal movement as it places Upper Triassic Slocan Group against Upper Mississippian Davis assemblage of Milford Group. Because the Schroeder Fault cuts Dryden Anticline structures, which apparently formed during the height of regional metamorphism, the faulting is post metamorphic, similar to faults in the Ainsworth area. South of Mount Buchanan, the Schroeder Fault splays into the Josephine and Lakeshore faults of the Ainsworth area. Northeast of Mount Cooper, the Schroeder Fault is plugged by a leucogranite stock of Kuskanax batholith affinity, thus reflecting pre- Middle Jurassic normal faulting northwest of Kootenay Lake.
7.2.1.5 Other fold phases
Two additional fold phases postdate the Dryden Anticline. Both phases are southerly plunging, westerly verging, and locally conjugate. The earlier phase has southeasterly striking axial surfaces and moderately plunging axes. The Whitewater drag fold, near Retallack, is of this relative age. The absolute age of this event is uncertain.
The later phase is only locally well developed. Axial surfaces strike south to southwesterly and folds plunge moderately to steeply south and verge to the west. Slip-cleavage surfaces forming secondary foliation are locally developed, especially along Wilson Creek southwest of Marten Mountain and near the bend in regional structural trends north of Mount Buchanan where later folds are associated with southwesterly trending faults (Fig. 9). The age of this event is also uncertain except that the faults near the bend in structural trends postdate the Schroeder Fault and are possibly younger than Middle Jurassic. Interference relationships of these two later fold phases are exposed in outcrops of Slocan Group grey phyllite about 13 km along highway 31 A, west of Kaslo village.
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7.2.1.6 Late faulting
Moderately to steeply dipping faults with clay gouge zones are exposed along the eastern margin of the study area. Displacement along these faults is unknown but cannot be significant because the overall sequence of major rock units is not interrupted by these features. Granitic dykes are broken and warped in drag folds suggesting right-lateral movement along a fault in Davis assemblage 4.5 km east of Mount Cooper. These dykes are correlated with the Middle Jurassic granitic plutonism, so these faults are post-Middle Jurassic
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Figure 8: Vertical geological sections from Goat range (Klepacki,1985)
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Figure 9: Legend for Figure 8
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7.3 Property Geology
This section describes the property geology including some adjacent areas. The geological information in this section are based on data compiled from different sources and the field investigations conducted in August 14-28, 2020 for Traction Exploration Inc. The property is
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underlain by the rocks of Kaslo group and Slocan Group (Fig-10). Other formations referred in this section and surrounding the claim area described in detail in regional geology section.
7.3.1 Kaslo Group
The Kaslo Group is widely exposed and covers a major portion in the northern block of the property. It consists of Mafic volcanic rocks, serpentinite, intrusives, and associated sedimentary rocks. The Whitewater Fault occurs at the base of the ultramafic unit and divide the Kaslo Group into upper and lower plates. The Kaslo Group is Permian in age and conformably overlies the siliceous argillite member of the McHardy assemblage.
7.3.1.1 Lower Plate Sequence (PKv)
It comprises three members which in ascending order are Lower Volcanic Member, Sedimentary Members and Upper Volcanic Member. Lower Volcanic Member consists of dark green pillow lava, massive flows, flow and pillow breccia and tuffaceous greenstone. Feldspar porphyry dykes cutting the volcanic stratigraphy, ranging from 1-5 metres in thickness are noted in Highland Surprise Mine. Green, grey, and white laminated cherty tuff, purplish-grey siliceous argillite, quartz veins and greywacke and conglomerate constitute the sedimentary Member in the lower plate sequence. Tholeiitic pyroxene-plagioclase porphyritic pillow lava and breccia, greenstone, and chlorite phyllite constitute the Upper Volcanic Member. The volcanic members appear as a regionally homogeneous and is generally described as massive greenstone sequence. Localized alteration of the greenstone has produced a chlorite-biotite schist assemblage. Foliation is parallel to the nearby contact with mafic rocks suggesting movement during or after intrusion.
7.3.1.2 Upper Plate Sequence (Pkub)
The sequence is floored by the ultramafic unit, consisting of orange- dark green or whiteweathering olive-green to black and mottled dark green serpentinite, and light green talccarbonate schist. Serpentinite breccia, with angular to rounded clasts of serpentinite is common. The sedimentary Member overlies ultramafic member and comprises green, white, and dark grey cherty tuff, brown and grey wacke, and conglomerate with clasts of volcanic rocks, diorite, serpentinite, and chert. The upper volcanic Member comprises tholeiitic basalt flows and pillow lava, pillow, and greenstone breccias and green tuff. The most pronounced alteration of the peridotite is serpentinization. The degree of serpentinization varies from the footwall to the hanging wall. Localized, intense alteration, including the formation of talc-carbonate schist, is attributed to the thermal metamorphism related to shear zones transecting the ultramafic. Near the contact the serpentinization grades from moderate to intense.
7.3.2 Slocan Group
The Slocan Group is the youngest sedimentary sequence in the Property area and crops out on both sides of highway 31A in the Whitewater South Block. In the north, the Schroeder fault places phyllite of the Slocan Group against siliceous argillite member of the Davis assemblage. The
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Slocan Group consists of thick sequence of grey to dark grey phyllite and slate which constitute most of the Slocan Group in the Goat Range area. The phyllite and slate is mostly massive, but bedding is locally present and defined by dark colour bands, sandy and calcareous layers, and bands that weather into differential relief because of slight compositional variations. Bedding varies from a few millimeters to about 4 meters (13 ft) thick and beds 2-8 cm (0.8-3.1 in) thick are most common. It is locally rhythmically bedded with grey to black microcrystalline limestone, limestone arenite, and minor grey quartzite and white quartz veins. Limestone beds are up to 20 meters thick, although most are only a few centimeters thick. Porphyritic mica lamprophyre is encountered in the Whitewater mine (Hedley, 1945).
The Slocan Group rests with slight angular unconformity on the Marten conglomerate. The age of the Slocan Group is Late Triassic (Carnian-Norian).
7.3.3 Intrusive Rocks
The intrusive rocks in the area include diorite and granite. Two major types of diorites occur in the area: synvolcanic, fine grained hornblende diorite (Keen Creek Diorite) and syntectonic, coarse grained hornblende diorite (White water Diorite). Synvolcanic diorite is generally found in the Kaslo Group and appear to be feeders to the volcanic pile. The syntectonic Whitewater diorite is medium t o coarse grained equi granular diorite with a lower colour index than the feeder diorite. It often displays glomerophyric texture. These intrusives are Early Permian or older in age (Klepacki, 1983; Klepacki et al, 1985).
Granitic rocks consist of hornblende-feldspar and feldspar (albite) porphyry dykes. The dykes post-date the major folding event and appear to have been emplaced along the axial plane fabric of the Dryden Anticline.
7.3.4 Metamorphism
All rock units exposed on the property have undergone some degree of regional metamorphism. The most extensive metamorphism, locally to amphibolite grade, is tentatively correlated with the second deformation event which is responsible for northwesterly oriented folds.
The Kaslo Group has been subjected to two periods of low-grade metamorphism. The first is an early spilitic alteration which albitized the Kaslo volcanic rocks. The second period is a regional event where the Kaslo volcanics are subjected to low grade greenschist metamorphism during the Jurassic. The common mineral assemblage developed in these volcanic rocks is albiteepidote- actinolite+ chlorite. Additional alteration is evident on the Property, but it is thought to be of a hydrothermal origin related to the mineralizing process. This assemblage includes quartz, albite, iron carbonate and biotite and is commonly spatially associated with felsic dyking.
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Figure 10 : Geological map of Property area.
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7.4 Mineralization
The area is known for silver, lead, zinc, and gold mineralization. Mineralization occur in the rocks of Slocan group and Kaslo group. Slocan group host most of the sulphide mineralization within and in the adjacent areas of the Property. These areas were extensively mined in the past, particularly in the Slocan group. The lode in Slocan group is hosted by carbonaceous slates, slaty argillites, impure limestones, and a few quartzite beds. Most of the Slocan camp mineralization is of the vein type with few of the deposits displaying replacement of the wall rock. Mineralization consists of galena and sphalerite with minor tetrahedrite and trace pyrite and chalcopyrite. The southern block of the property comprises sediments of Slocan Group. Mineralization at few locations are reported within the property includes Lucky Boy occurrence.
Mineralization in the rocks of Kaslo group is generally reported from the areas, north of Retallack. Quartz veins within the volcanic member of Kaslo Group commonly host mineralization. The veins are composed of quartz and calcite gangue which contains gold-bearing sulphides. The sulphides are principally pyrite and chalcopyrite. Highland Surprise Mine located near the North block of property produced gold from Kaslo Group. Several other prospects are identified in North block in the past. These include Gold Quartz Ridge, Gold Quartz B-zone, Gold Quartz, Tom, Tom 3, and Bollinger (Fig. 3)., Geophysical studies, trenching and geochemical sampling were conducted on some of these prospects.
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8.0 DEPOSIT TYPES
Slocan Mining district is known, mainly for silver bearing deposits, although lead and, zinc is also of primary importance. High gold values occur in few localities. These deposits are referred to as” dry ore deposits” whereas mineralization with silver, lead and zinc constitute the “wet ore deposits”. The principal valuable minerals are argentiferous galena, argentiferous grey copper (silver-bearing tetrahedrite and freibergite), and sphalerite (zinc blende).
The economic mineralization, so far, seems to be mainly limited to Slocan Group, since all major mineable deposits of the silver-lead and zinc were found in this Group. The Slocan series comprising slates, argillites, limestones, quartzites, conglomerates, and tuffaceous beds, widely occurs in and around the Property area.
The Kaslo group is known for several mineral showings but few of them have economic importance (Cairnes, 1934). Prospects in Kaslo group are shown at Eureka, Beaver, Emerald Hill, Voyageur, Highland Surprise, and gold quartz areas. Most of these areas are along Lyle Creek and west and east of Rossiter Creek. The record of past active mining was found only from Highland Surprise Mine. Gold was discovered at this location and mined from 1937-1941 (Maconachie, 1940).
Four types of deposits are recognized in Slocan Group.
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Barren to nearly barren quartz veins in the form of stringers with sparsely disseminated pyrite, and occurring in all formations;
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Widely scattered mineral deposits containing values in gold, quartz and silicified wallrocks carrying two or more of such minerals as pyrite, pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, arsenopyrite, and gold;
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“Wet Ore Deposits” silver-lead-zinc deposits, occurring typically in the Slocan series, all three metals are equally important; and,
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“Dry Ore Deposits” silver main mineral, also significant values in lead or zinc or in both; abundant quartz as gangue mineral.
Mineralization has chiefly taken the form of fissure vein deposits. Replacement of the wall-rock is a common feature, its degree depending on the character of the enclosing rocks. Based on Field and laboratory evidence, it is concluded that Slocan mineral deposits formed during one, probably long, period of mineralization.
According to the geological model, regional faults and major structural discontinuities that have great strike lengths and extend deep in the crust are important mineralization controls because they provide conduits for the movement of mineralized fluids. Historically Slocan camp mineralization had been genetically linked to the cooling of the granitic batholith and differentiation of magma processes that resulted in generation of late magmatic mineralized fluids. Nowadays oxygen isotope studies concluded that lithostatically pressured aqueous fluids
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moved through an oblique-sinistral transfer zone between the southern terminus of the Columbia River detachment fault and the northern terminus of the Slocan Lake detachment fault. These fluids were responsible for the formation of the Slocan Sandon camp's silver-lead-zinc deposits (Hoik et al., 2007).
8.1 Classification
The mineral deposits in Slocan mining district are classified into four classes. These are vein deposits, replacement deposits, spring deposits, and detrital deposits. Fissuring, fissure-filling, and replacement were the main processes involved. Only vein and replacement deposits are reported in the area.
8.1.1 Vein Deposits
Vein deposits are the major producer of minerals in Slocan Group. The vein deposits are formed by filling a fracture space, replacing the rock walls along a fracture or by both processes. The veins continue either as a single vein or become composite by joining other fractures. Where wall-rock is easily replaceable, as in the case of limestone, replacement processes extending outwards from a single fracture may give rise to the formation of important ore bodies as they do, in part, at the Lucky Jim and Whitewater Deep mines. Two types of vein deposits are identified in the area, these are single vein and composite vein (Cairnes, 1934)
8.1.1.1 Single vein Deposits
The single vein deposits generally occur along fault-fissures. These veins are more persistent in dry ores than wet ore. Pinching and swelling and splitting are also common in dry ores. The single vein of “dry ore” generally contains quartz, albite, and carbonate as gangue material along with pyrite, chalcopyrite and locally zinc or lead sulphides and argentite. Gold occurs as the native variety plus electrum.
The chief gangue material in “wet ores” is quartz, siderite, calcite, or more than one of these minerals. The abundant ore minerals are galena and (or) zinc blende, but argentiferous grey copper is generally present in important amounts. Economic single vein deposits occur at Hartney, Payne (in part), U.S., and Reco (in part) mines of the Slocan series, and the Beaver and Eureka of the Kaslo series. The Payne vein was the most profitable of this type discovered in the area.
The Straight fault-fissure lodes of Beaver and Eureka properties of the Kaslo series are discontinuous and lie in narrow zone.
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8..1.1.2 Composite Vein Deposits
In composite type, veins branches to follow more than one fracture. Composite veins are termed linked- veins, (two or more roughly parallel fissures that locally merge), breccia vein (breccia partly or completely replaced by vein deposit), and shear veins (intensely sheared zone replacement).
Linked veins are common in formations with abrupt changes in physical properties. Breccia-veins occur characteristically in the more resistant rocks and form substantial orebodies within limestone beds or other limy beds. Shear veins are more common in fissile or slaty rocks or relatively incompetent strata. Composite vein-lodes are from a foot or so to 150 feet or more in width. The mineral suite in Composite veins ore and gangue is like single vein mineral composition. Single vein lodes generally are almost entirely composed of vein minerals, whereas very considerable parts of composite vein-lodes may be fragments and include masses of wallrocks.
Composite vein deposits, commonly sheared type, are reported from Silversmith Rubh-Hope, Slocan King, Richmond Euteka, Whitewater, Wellington, Ivanhoe, Lucky Thought, Mammoth, Mohawk, Silver Bear, and Black Grouse properties.
Mineralization in Highland Surprise Trend is also considered composite vein deposit. It is in lower plate of the Kaslo Group. The quartz veins are up to 0.30 meters wide but usually occur in "vein zones" up to 2.0 meters wide. It typically contains quartz, albite, and carbonate as gangue material along with up to 10% pyrite, chalcopyrite and rarely zinc or lead sulphides. Gold occurs as the native variety plus electrum Silver is also present. The Property is considered suitable for this type of deposits.
8.1.2 Replacement Deposits
Replacement deposits are best developed in Lucky Jim property where limestone bed and limy strata have been locally extensively replaced by vein minerals. At this location, sequence from a few feet to over 100 feet thick comprises straight, persistent, and nearly parallel fractured. The widths of the fissure or fissures providing access for mineralizing solutions are insignificant as compared with the widths of replaced limestone on either or both sides are intersected. In the Whitewater Deep workings small fissures running out from the hanging-wall of the main Whitewater vein passed through a heavy limestone formation, which was extensively replaced to form large orebodies. At the Cork-Province mine the principal mineralization formed where the main vein crosses a series of limestone beds. Many other properties have replacement deposits, but on a smaller scale. The most important ore mineral of the limestone replacement deposits is sphalerite. It is commonly associated with some galena and locally galena maybe more abundant. Pyrite was noted in the lower workings on the main 'ore-'bodies at the Lucky Jim mine. Other sulphides, such as, pyrrhotite, arsenopyrite (rare), and high-grade, silver bearing minerals may also be present, though replacement bodies 'as a whole carry low silver value. Gangue
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minerals may not be important constituents. At the Lucky Jim there is little gangue of any sort, but at the Whitewater Deep and Cork-Province siderite is abundant. Some quartz and calcite are generally present but are subordinate to the iron carbonate. Replacement deposits in other than limestone rocks contain the same minerals as the associated vein deposit and in much the same proportions.
8.1.3 Mineralization shoots
Mineralization shoots vary in size from few tons to thousands of tons and are lens-shaped or tabular. They are commonly part of vein deposits, but few also occur in replacement deposits. Large size shoots commonly occur in single veins of silver-lead and silver-lead- zinc. In general, they are thin, but in special circumstances, they may form thick ellipsoidal masses. Some ore shoots are composed almost entirely ore minerals whereas others contain various proportions of ore and gangue minerals. The silver-lead ore shoots in single veins may consist almost entirely of galena. Shoots containing silver or silver and gold are composed mainly of quartz.
These shoots of the larger silver-lead and silver-lead-zinc deposits are composed in part of nearly solid sulphides and in part, of sulphides, gangue minerals, and, in many cases, abundant fragments of wall-rock.
The largest and most valuable shoots in the Standard mine extended for, a vertical depth of about 400 feet (122m), with a maximum length of about 400 feet (122m) and a maximum thickness of about 50 feet (15m).
8.1.4 Detrital Deposits
Erosion and transportation have locally concentrated ore minerals. Such deposits include a little placer gold in Enterprise creek which is not economic. Concentrations of boulders of galena in several properties near Sandon are probably the most important detrital deposits. These boulders of galena have provided tonnages of high-grade silver-lead ore.
9.0 EXPLORATION
9.1 August 2020 Exploration Work Program
Geomap Exploration Inc. was contracted to complete an exploration programme in the area from August- 14 to August-28, 2020. A team of three geologists and a part time prospector worked in the north and south blocks of the Property. The focus of the field work was to collect rock samples along with the geological and structural observations from Kaslo group and Slocan group sequence. The sampling program was designed to represent all prospective geological units and formations.
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The claim area never had a detailed mapping and sampling work. Regional geological and exploration work was intermittently carried out until the late eighties of the last century. For the last four decades, it appears that no significant exploration or development work took place in the area. Although, the property does not host any major previous or present underground or surface mine, it is surrounded by many major past silver, lead, zinc, and gold mines. The data collected from these mines and exploration work and research work conducted in these areas provide a good understanding of the geology and mineralization.
The property is separated in two blocks. The North Block is underlain dominantly by Kaslo Group sequence whereas south Block comprises Slocan group and Kaslo Group. Both geological units have past producing mines in the surrounding areas of the Property. The mineralization in Slocan group occurs in quartz veins, carbonaceous slates, slaty argillites, and a few quartzite beds. Quartz veins within the volcanic member of Kaslo Group commonly host mineralization. Few mineral showings (Figures 2 & 3) are reported in the north and south blocks of the claim areas and are discussed in Section 6 of this report.
A total of 121 outcrop grab samples from outcrops, floats and fault related broken rubble material were collected during this campaign. Out of 121 samples collected, 62 samples were taken from the rocks of the Slocan Group, 46 from the Kaslo Group, 3 from intrusives and 10 samples were field duplicates. All the sampling work was completed by the geologists of Geomap Exploration Inc. Figures 11-20 shows the location of samples and assays for gold and silver. Table 4 is the field description of these samples, Table 5 is the summary of samples, and Table 6 assay highlights.
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Photo 1: Rocks diorites and ultramafics belonging to Kaslo Group (August 2020 Work Photo)
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Photo 2: Broken rock material brough down by glaciers (August 2020 Work Photo)
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Photo 3: Quartz veining in Slocan Group phyllites (August 2020 Work Photo)
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Photo 4: Kaslo Group diorite ridges in the Northern Claim Block (August 2020 Work Photo)
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Photo 5: Sampling of ultramafic broken rock material along the Whitewater Fault (August 2020 Work Photo)
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Table 4: Whitewater Property Exploration August 14-29, 2020 Rock Samples Details
| Sample Number |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Elevation | Exploration Area |
**Sample Type ** | Description | Structure and Other Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Easting | **Northing ** | m | |||||
| WWS-20- 01R |
497245 | 5538467 | 898 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Dark gray Phyllite, rust brown weathering along bedding, thin bedded, splintery, with quartz veins and fillings along fractures, 1-2% sulphides, py, pyrrhotite, galena, and cpy along bedding planes and fractures. |
Strike 310,dip45 NE |
| WWS-20- 02R |
497134 | 5538583 | 910 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Same as above, less oxidized and more sulphides with malachite staining along bedding plane, thin quartz veining cm size. |
|
| WWS-20- 03R |
497040 | 5538650 | 919 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Dark gray Phyllite, rust brown weathering along bedding, thin bedded, splintery, with quartz veins and fillings along fractures, 1-2% sulphides, py, pyrrhotite, galena, and cpy along bedding planes and fractures. |
|
| WWS-20- 04R |
497010 | 5538671 | 921 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Same as above with interlayered qtz/ calcite |
|
| WWS-20- 05R |
496491 | 5538994 | 918 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Light brown quartz vein (5-10 cm thick) in dark grey phyllite, hematitic alteration, sample of quartz with wallrock. |
51 | P a g e
Whitewater Property
NI 43-101 Report
| Sample Number |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Elevation | Exploration Area |
**Sample Type ** | Description | Structure and Other Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Easting | **Northing ** | m | |||||
| WWS-20- 06R |
496400 | 5539064 | 916 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Dark gray Phyllite, rust brown weathering along bedding, thin bedded, splintery, with quartz veins and fillings along fractures, 1-2% sulphides, py, pyrrhotite, galena, and cpy along bedding planes and fractures. |
|
| WWS-20- 07R |
495516 | 5539632 | 939 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from a series of quartz floats |
Quartz veining with hematitic alteration and fracture filling of dark grey phyllitic material. |
|
| WWS-20- 08R |
492941 | 5540451 | 1060 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Light brown quartz vein (5-30 cm thick) in dark grey phyllite, hematitic alteration, sample of quartz with wallrock,medium bedded. |
|
| WWS-20- 09R |
492842 | 5540499 | 1049 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Brownish grey siltstone / argillites, micaceous, 2-5% sulphides, py, pyrrhotite, galena, and cpy along bedding planes and fractures. |
|
| WWS-20- 10R |
492857 | 5540506 | 1054 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Light brown quartz vein (10 cm thick) in dark grey phyllite, hematitic alteration, sample of quartz with wallrock, medium bedded. |
52 | P a g e
Whitewater Property
NI 43-101 Report
| Sample Number |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Elevation | Exploration Area |
**Sample Type ** | Description | Structure and Other Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Easting | **Northing ** | m | |||||
| WWS-20- 11R |
492857 | 5540506 | 1054 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Duplicate of WWS-20-10R | |
| WWS-20- 12R |
493620 | 5540524 | 892 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Light brown quartz vein sinuous pattern in dark grey phyllite, hematitic alteration, sample of quartz with wallrock,thin bedded. |
|
| WWS-20- 13R |
493623 | 5540548 | 897 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Same as above with more oxidized. | |
| WWS-20- 14R |
493604 | 5540559 | 898 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Light brown quartz vein (60 cm thick) in dark grey phyllite, hematitic alteration, sample of quartz with wallrock, medium bedded. |
|
| WWS-20- 15R |
493545 | 5540620 | 906 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Quartz veining with hematitic alteration and fracture filling of dark grey phyllitic material. Shear zone with phyllites also has sulphides |
53 | P a g e
Whitewater Property
NI 43-101 Report
| Sample Number |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Elevation | Exploration Area |
**Sample Type ** | Description | Structure and Other Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Easting | **Northing ** | m | |||||
| WWS-20- 16R |
493297 | 5540809 | 901 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Dark gray Phyllite, rust brown weathering along bedding, thin bedded, splintery, with quartz veins and fillings along fractures, 1-2% sulphides, py, pyrrhotite, galena, and cpy along bedding planes and fractures. |
|
| WWN-20- 17R |
493582 | 5545451 | 2224 | WW N BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from rubble broken due toglacier |
Quartz (10 cm thick) vein in ultramafic dunnite,finegrained. |
|
| WWN-20- 18R |
493192 | 5545069 | 2237 | WW N BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Quartz vein,light brown topink. | |
| WWN-20- 19R |
493548 | 5545476 | 2231 | WW N BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Quartz vein, light brown to pink in granitic rock altered. |
|
| WWN-20- 20R |
493616 | 5545412 | 2218 | WW N BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Same as above. | |
| WWN-20- 21R |
497836 | 5537941 | 899 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Light brown quartz vein in dark grey phyllite, hematitic alteration, sample of quartz with wallrock, medium bedded, vuggy, rusty patches in vugs, 2-3% sulphides. |
Strike NW 315,dip45 NE |
54 | P a g e
Whitewater Property
NI 43-101 Report
| Sample Number |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Elevation | Exploration Area |
**Sample Type ** | Description | Structure and Other Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Easting | **Northing ** | m | |||||
| WWS-20- 22R |
497836 | 5537941 | 899 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Duplicate of WWS-20-21R | |
| WWS-20- 23R |
497843 | 5537927 | 899 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Light brown quartz vein in dark grey phyllite, hematitic alteration, sample of quartz with wallrock, medium bedded, vuggy, rusty patches in vugs, 1-2% sulphides. |
|
| WWS-20- 24R |
498016 | 5537730 | 893 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Light brown quartz vein (15 cm thick) in dark grey phyllite, hematitic alteration, sample of quartz with wallrock, medium bedded,1-2% sulphides(VG?) |
|
| WWS-20- 25R |
498015 | 5537722 | 889 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from float/subcrop |
Light brown quartz vein (15 cm thick) in dark grey phyllite, hematitic alteration, sample of quartz with wallrock, medium bedded,1-2% sulphides. |
|
| WWS-20- 26R |
497044 | 5538567 | 883 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Light brown quartz vein (10 cm thick) with microveining in dark grey phyllite, hematitic alteration, sample of quartz with wallrock, medium bedded, 1-2% sulphides. |
55 | P a g e
Whitewater Property
NI 43-101 Report
| Sample Number |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Elevation | Exploration Area |
**Sample Type ** | Description | Structure and Other Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Easting | **Northing ** | m | |||||
| WWS-20- 27R |
497044 | 5538567 | 883 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Light brown quartz vein in dark grey phyllite, hematitic alteration, sample of quartz with wallrock, medium bedded, 1-2% sulphides. |
|
| WWS-20- 28R |
497100 | 5538561 | 898 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from a float near out outcrop |
Light brown quartz hematitic alteration filled voids. |
|
| WWS-20- 29R |
496882 | 5538607 | 854 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Light brown quartz microveining in dark gray phyllite. |
|
| WWS-20- 30R |
496847 | 5538623 | 847 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Dark gray Phyllite, rust brown weathering along bedding, thin bedded, splintery, with quartz veins and fillings along fractures, 1-2% sulphides, py, pyrrhotite, galena, and cpy along bedding planes and fractures, intense folding. |
Strike NW,dip10 NE |
| WWS-20- 31R |
496847 | 5538623 | 847 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Duplicate of WWS-20-30R |
56 | P a g e
Whitewater Property
NI 43-101 Report
| Sample Number |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Elevation | Exploration Area |
**Sample Type ** | Description | Structure and Other Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Easting | **Northing ** | m | |||||
| WWS-20- 32R |
496792 | 5538640 | 844 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Dark gray Phyllite/ slate, rust brown weathering along bedding, thin bedded, splintery, with quartz veins and fillings along fractures, 1-2% sulphides, py, pyrrhotite, galena, and cpy along bedding planes and fractures, intense folding. |
|
| WWS-20- 33R |
494800 | 5540130 | 874 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Greenish grey to brown phyllite, thin bedded,1-2% sulphides,cpy, py. |
|
| WWS-20- 34R |
494785 | 5540158 | 877 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Light gray to brown phyllite/chlorite schist,1-2% sulphides,cpy, py. |
|
| WWS-20- 35R |
494785 | 5540158 | 877 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Dark reddish-brown quartzite in phyllite bedding,2-3% sulphides. |
|
| WWS-20- 36R |
494770 | 5540178 | 880 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Same as above, with dark reddish- brownquartzite. |
|
| WWS-20- 37R |
495370 | 5539444 | 866 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Dark gray Phyllite/ slate, rust brown weathering along bedding, thin bedded, splintery, with quartz veins and fillings along fractures, 1-2% sulphides, py, pyrrhotite, galena,and cpyalong |
57 | P a g e
Whitewater Property
NI 43-101 Report
| Sample Number |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Elevation | Exploration Area |
**Sample Type ** | Description | Structure and Other Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Easting | **Northing ** | m | |||||
| bedding planes and fractures, intense folding. |
|||||||
| WWS-20- 38R |
495339 | 5539457 | 872 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Light brown quartz vein (mm to a few cm size) with microveining in dark grey phyllite, hematitic alteration, thin bedded. |
|
| WWS-20- 39R |
495145 | 5539594 | 866 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Light brown quartz vein (10 cm thick) with microveining in dark grey phyllite, hematitic alteration, sample of quartz with wallrock, medium bedded, 1-2% sulphides(py,cpy). |
|
| WWS-20- 40R |
495115 | 5539630 | 865 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Light brown quartz vein (20 cm thick) in dark grey phyllite, hematitic alteration, sample ofquartz vein,trace sulphides. |
|
| WWS-20- 41R |
495115 | 5539630 | 865 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Duplicate of WWS-20-40R |
58 | P a g e
Whitewater Property
NI 43-101 Report
| Sample Number |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Elevation | Exploration Area |
**Sample Type ** | Description | Structure and Other Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Easting | **Northing ** | m | |||||
| WWS-20- 42R |
495105 | 5539660 | 868 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Dark grey phyllite, thin bedded hematitic alteration,trace sulphides. |
|
| WWS-20- 43R |
497577 | 5537980 | 836 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Light brown quartz vein (20 cm thick) vuggy, in dark grey phyllite, hematitic alteration, sample of quartz with wallrock, medium bedded, 1-2% sulphides. |
|
| WWS-20- 44R |
497591 | 5537958 | 826 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from 1m x0.5m boulder |
Light brown quartz vein (50 cm thick) near dark grey phyllite outcrop, hematitic alteration, sample of quartz with wallrock, medium bedded, 1-2% sulphides. |
|
| WWS-20- 45R |
497591 | 5537940 | 833 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Light brown quartz vein (30 cm thick) in dark grey phyllite, hematitic alteration, sample of quartz with wallrock, thin to medium bedded, 2-3% sulphides (galena,cpy). |
|
| WWS-20- 46R |
497594 | 5537925 | 824 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Light brown quartz vein (20 cm thick) in dark grey phyllite, hematitic alteration, sample of quartz with wallrock, thin to medium bedded,1-2% sulphides. |
59 | P a g e
Whitewater Property
NI 43-101 Report
| Sample Number |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Elevation | Exploration Area |
**Sample Type ** | Description | Structure and Other Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Easting | **Northing ** | m | |||||
| WWS-20- 47R |
497599 | 5537918 | 827 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Light greyish, dense quartz vein (15 cm thick) with in dark grey phyllite, hematitic alteration, thin to medium bedded,1-2% sulphides(galena,Pb). |
A series of quartz veins in this section which need a follow up prospecting work. |
| WWS-20- 48R |
497599 | 5537879 | 821 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Light brown quartz vein (20 cm thick) in dark grey phyllite, hematitic alteration, sample of quartz with wallrock, thin to medium bedded,2-3% sulphides. |
|
| WWS-20- 49R |
497598 | 553867 | 826 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Light brown quartz vein (20 cm thick) in dark grey phyllite, hematitic alteration, sample of quartz with wallrock, thin to medium bedded,trace sulphides. |
|
| WWS-20- 50R |
497596 | 5537861 | 825 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Light brown quartz vein (10 cm thick) with microveining in dark grey phyllite, hematitic alteration, sample of quartz with wallrock, medium bedded, trace to 1% sulphides. |
|
| WWS-20- 51R |
497596 | 5537861 | 825 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Duplicate of WWS-20-50R |
60 | P a g e
Whitewater Property
NI 43-101 Report
| Sample Number |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Elevation | Exploration Area |
**Sample Type ** | Description | Structure and Other Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Easting | **Northing ** | m | |||||
| WWS-20- 52R |
497623 | 5537812 | 819 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Light brown quartz vein (5-30 cm thick) with wavy pattern in dark grey phyllite, hematitic alteration, sample of quartz with wallrock, thin to medium bedded, 1-2% sulphides. |
Quartz vein runs along the bedding |
| WWS-20- 53R |
496091 | 5539114 | 856 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Dark grey slate/phyllite, smooth surface, thin bedded, hematitic alteration,2-3% sulphides. |
|
| WWS-20- 54R |
496132 | 5539074 | 856 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Light brown quartz vein (2 -40 cm thick multiple veins) with microveining in dark grey slate/phyllite, hematitic alteration, sample of quartz with wallrock, medium bedded, 1-2% sulphides. |
Strike NW-SE,Dip70N |
| WWS-20- 55R |
499167 | 5536380 | 808 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Light brown quartz vein (20 cm thick) with multiple veins in dark grey phyllite, hematitic alteration, thin to medium bedded, 1-2% sulphides, the quartz veins are continuous in this section for a width of 50 m. |
Strike NW 315,dipV |
| WWS-20- 56R |
499167 | 5536380 | 808 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Light brown quartz vein (40 cm thick) with microveining in dark grey phyllite, hematitic alteration, sample of quartz with wallrock,medium bedded,1-2% |
61 | P a g e
Whitewater Property
NI 43-101 Report
| Sample Number |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Elevation | Exploration Area |
**Sample Type ** | Description | Structure and Other Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Easting | **Northing ** | m | |||||
| sulphides (5 m from sample WWS-20- 55R. |
|||||||
| WWS-20- 57R |
499156 | 5536368 | 804 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Light brown quartz vein (30 cm thick) in dark grey phyllite, hematitic alteration, sample of quartz with wallrock, medium bedded, 2-3% sulphides (galena,cpy). |
|
| WWS-20- 58R |
499169 | 5536370 | 799 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
A series of light brown quartz veins (15 cm thick) in dark grey phyllite, hematitic alteration, medium bedded, 1-2% sulphides. |
|
| WWS-20- 59R |
499169 | 5536370 | 799 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Light brown quartz vein (10 cm thick) across bedding of dark grey phyllite, hematitic alteration, sample of quartz with wallrock, medium bedded, 1-2% sulphides. |
|
| WWS-20- 60R |
499163 | 5536362 | 809 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Light brown quartz vein (10 cm thick) in dark grey phyllite, hematitic alteration, sample of quartz with wallrock, medium bedded,1-2% sulphides. |
Sample taken 20 to the southeast of WWS-20-55R |
| WWS-20- 61R |
489945 | 5496209 | 973 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Duplicate of WWS-20-60R |
62 | P a g e
Whitewater Property
NI 43-101 Report
| Sample Number |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Elevation | Exploration Area |
**Sample Type ** | Description | Structure and Other Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Easting | **Northing ** | m | |||||
| WWN-20- 62R |
489974 | 5546712 | 1864 | WW N BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop / rubble |
Brown to dark brown, altered basalt, coarsepegmatitic texture,magnetic, |
WP250: 490607E/5545475/1635m; Geological terrain changes for Slocan Group graphitic metapelites in the S to greenstone facies of Kaslo Group in the N, but quartz veining remains in both facies, indicating a coeval introduction of quartz in the system. |
| WWN-20- 63R |
489855 | 5546826 | 1905 | WW N BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop / rubble |
Brown to dark brown, altered basalt, coarse pegmatitic / porphyritic texture, magnetic, |
Rocks are broken and formed a huge pile of rubble probably along a fault zone. Kaslo Group volcanics have been intruded by syntectonic coarse grained hornblende diorite and post-tectonic hornblende feldspar and feldsparporphyrydikes. |
63 | P a g e
Whitewater Property
NI 43-101 Report
| Sample Number |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Elevation | Exploration Area |
**Sample Type ** | Description | Structure and Other Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Easting | **Northing ** | m | |||||
| WWN-20- 64R |
489855 | 5546816 | 1901 | WW N BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop / rubble |
White to brownish quartz vein in dunnite ultra mafic rock fine grained, hematitic. |
Serpentinized dunnite is the most extensive rock type exposed in this area, forming northwesterly trending bands with steep southwest dips, and extending up to 750 metres in width. |
| WWN-20- 65R |
489855 | 5546816 | 1901 | WW N BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop / rubble |
Brown / d brown altered dunnite, 2-3% sulphides, fine grained greenish grey original colour, py,cpy, pentlandite. |
|
| WWN-20- 66R |
489854 | 5546806 | 1895 | WW N BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop / rubble |
Brown / d brown altered dunnite, 2-3% sulphides, fine grained greenish grey original colour, py,cpy, pentlandite. |
|
| WWN-20- 67R |
489868 | 5546798 | 1888 | WW N BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop / rubble |
Same as above | |
| WWN-20- 68R |
489870 | 5546792 | 1896 | WW N BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop / rubble |
White to brownish quartz vein in dunnite ultra mafic rock fine grained, hematitic. |
64 | P a g e
Whitewater Property
NI 43-101 Report
| Sample Number |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Elevation | Exploration Area |
**Sample Type ** | Description | Structure and Other Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Easting | **Northing ** | m | |||||
| WWN-20- 69R |
489879 | 5546786 | 1887 | WW N BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop / rubble |
Brown / d brown altered dunnite, 1-2% sulphides, fine grained greenish grey original colour, py,cpy, pentlandite. |
|
| WWN-20- 70R |
489889 | 5546780 | 1885 | WW N BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop / rubble |
Brown / d brown altered dunnite, 2-3% sulphides, fine grained greenish grey original colour, py,cpy, pentlandite. |
|
| WWN-20- 71R |
489889 | 5546780 | 1885 | WW N BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Duplicate of WWN-20-70R | |
| WWS-20- 72R |
499132 | 5536473 | 805 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Phyllite; grey, thin bedded, 10 cm thick qtz vein parallel to bedding plane, rusty, 1-2 % sulphides. Strike: NW Dip: 45-50 degNE |
|
| WWS-20- 73R |
499126 | 5536474 | 803 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Phyllite; grey, thin bedded, up to 5 cm thick qtz vein parallel to bedding plane, 1-2 % sulphides. |
|
| WWS-20- 74R |
499111 | 5536475 | 807 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Phyllite; grey, thin bedded, up to 10 cm thick qtz vein parallel to bedding plane, rusty, 1-2 % sulphides. Strike: NW Dip: 70 degNE |
|
| WWS-20- 75R |
499098 | 5536473 | 810 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Phyllite; same as before, up to 1 ft thick qtz vein cuttingacross bedding,rusty, |
65 | P a g e
Whitewater Property
NI 43-101 Report
| Sample Number |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Elevation | Exploration Area |
**Sample Type ** | Description | Structure and Other Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Easting | **Northing ** | m | |||||
| pinches and disappears, 1-2 % sulphides. |
|||||||
| WWS-20- 76R |
499103 | 5536486 | 793 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Phyllite; same as before, 5-10cm thick qtz vein cutting across bedding, rusty, highly oxidized at places, 1-2 % sulphides. |
|
| WWS-20- 77R |
499003 | 5536566 | 819 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Phyllite; grey, thin bedded, 4-10 cm thick qtz vein parallel to bedding plane, rusty,1-2 % sulphides. |
|
| WWS-20- 78R |
498995 | 5536593 | 804 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Phyllite; same as before, 20-60 cm thick qtz vein along bedding planes, rusty, iron stained,oxidized,1 % sulphides. |
|
| WWS-20- 79R |
498985 | 5536597 | 807 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Phyllite; same as before, 15-30 cm thick qtz vein along bedding planes, rusty, oxidized, thickening due to faulting/folding,1-2 % sulphides. |
|
| WWS-20- 80R |
498872 | 5536677 | 806 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Phyllite; light to med grey, thin bedded, occasionally rusted, 1-2 cm thick qtz veins cutting across the bedding planes, rusty,trace to 1 % sulphides. |
|
| WWS-20- 81R |
498013 | 5539226 | 1480 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Green coloured serpentinized rock, fine grained, rusted at places, hard, rare thinqtz veins,trace sulphides. |
66 | P a g e
Whitewater Property
NI 43-101 Report
| Sample Number |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Elevation | Exploration Area |
**Sample Type ** | Description | Structure and Other Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Easting | **Northing ** | m | |||||
| WWS-20- 82R |
498013 | 5539226 | 1480 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Green coloured serpentinized rock, fine grained, rusted at places, hard, rare thinqtz veins,trace sulphides. |
Duplicate of WWS-20-81R |
| WWS-20- 83R |
498237 | 5538919 | 1439 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Green coloured serpentinized rock, fine grained, iron stained, hard, trace-1 % sulphides,occasionallycube shaped. |
|
| WWS-20- 84R |
498380 | 5538762 | 1406 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Green coloured serpentinized rock, fine grained, hard, rare thin qtz veins, 1-2 % sulphides. |
|
| WWS-20- 85R |
498403 | 5387475 | 1404 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Green coloured serpentinized rock, fine grained, rusted at places, hard, trace sulphides. |
|
| WWN-20- 86R |
489858 | 5546809 | 1895 | WW NORTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop / rubble |
Green serpentinized rock, 1-2 cm thick qtz veins, oxidized, iron stained, 4-10 cm thick high sulphide band. |
|
| WWN-20- 87R |
489394 | 5547066 | 1943 | WW NORTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop / rubble |
Green serpentinized rock, 2-3 cm thick qtz veins, massive, v. hard, occasionally oxidized,iron stained,1-2 % sulphides. |
|
| WWN-20- 88R |
489391 | 5547056 | 1946 | WW NORTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop / rubble |
Green serpentinized rock, up to 5 cm thick qtz vein, highly oxidized, trace-1 % sulphides. |
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| Sample Number |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Elevation | Exploration Area |
**Sample Type ** | Description | Structure and Other Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Easting | **Northing ** | m | |||||
| WWN-20- 89R |
489395 | 5547036 | 1951 | WW NORTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop / rubble |
Green serpentinized rock, up to 5 cm thickqtz vein,trace sulphides. |
|
| WWN-20- 90R |
489399 | 5547028 | 1942 | WW NORTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop / rubble |
Green serpentinized rock, up to 10 cm thickqtz vein,1-2 % sulphides. |
|
| WWN-20- 91R |
489399 | 5547028 | 1942 | WW NORTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop / rubble |
Green serpentinized rock, up to 10 cm thickqtz vein,1-2 % sulphides. |
Duplicate of WWN-20-90R |
| WWN-20- 92R |
489405 | 5547034 | 1945 | WW NORTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop / rubble |
25 cm thickqtz vein,trace sulphides. | |
| WWN-20- 93R |
489411 | 5547027 | 1945 | WW NORTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop / rubble |
15 cm thickqtz vein,trace sulphides. | |
| WWN-20- 94R |
489415 | 5547020 | 1942 | WW NORTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop / rubble |
Green serpentinized rock, up to 5 cm thick qtz vein, iron stained, trace sulphides. |
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| Sample Number |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Elevation | Exploration Area |
**Sample Type ** | Description | Structure and Other Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Easting | **Northing ** | m | |||||
| WWN-20- 95R |
489418 | 5547009 | 1947 | WW NORTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop / rubble |
Green serpentinized rock, mm size qtz veins,oxidized,trace sulphides. |
|
| WWN-20- 96R |
489425 | 5547008 | 1943 | WW NORTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop / rubble |
Green serpentinized rock, highly oxidized,ferruginous,trace sulphides. |
|
| WWN-20- 97R |
489424 | 5547001 | 1945 | WW NORTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop / rubble |
Up to 45 cm thick qtz vein with thin green wall rock layers,trace sulphides. |
|
| WWN-20- 98R |
489440 | 5547002 | 1942 | WW NORTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop / rubble |
Up to 45 cm thick qtz vein with thin green wall rock layers,trace sulphides. |
|
| WWN-20- 99R |
489448 | 5547001 | 1943 | WW NORTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop / rubble |
Two 15-20 cm thick qtz veins at 1.5 ft interval in green coloured very hard rock, oxidized at places, 1-2 % sulphides. |
|
| WWN-20- 100R |
489448 | 5547001 | 1943 | WW NORTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop / rubble |
10 cm thickqtz vein,trace sulphides. |
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| Sample Number |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Elevation | Exploration Area |
**Sample Type ** | Description | Structure and Other Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Easting | **Northing ** | m | |||||
| WWN-20- 101R |
489467 | 5546993 | 1930 | WW NORTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop / rubble |
Green serpentinized rock, highly oxidized, ferruginous, trace-1 % sulphides. |
|
| WWN-20- 102R |
489467 | 5546993 | 1930 | WW NORTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop / rubble |
Green serpentinized rock, highly oxidized, ferruginous, trace-1 % sulphides. |
Duplicate of WWN-20- 101R |
| WWN-20- 103R |
489462 | 5546983 | 1935 | WW NORTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop / rubble |
10 cm thickqtz vein,trace sulphides. | |
| WWS-20- 104R |
498528 | 5538654 | 1392 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Green coloured serpentinized rock, med bedded, occasional thin qtz veins (mm scale), oxidized at places, trace sulphides. |
|
| WWS-20- 105R |
498518 | 5538665 | 1395 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Green coloured serpentinized rock, med bedded, occasional thin qtz veins (mm scale), oxidized at places, trace sulphides. |
|
| WWS-20- 106R |
498534 | 5538624 | 1376 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Green coloured serpentinized rock, oxidized, trace-1 % sulphides (localized cubes). |
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| Sample Number |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Elevation | Exploration Area |
**Sample Type ** | Description | Structure and Other Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Easting | **Northing ** | m | |||||
| WWS-20- 107R |
498509 | 5538634 | 1376 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Green coloured serpentinized rock, trace sulphides. |
|
| WWS-20- 108R |
498473 | 5538643 | 1371 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Green coloured serpentinized rock, trace sulphides. |
|
| WWS-20- 109R |
498440 | 5538652 | 1370 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Green coloured serpentinized rock, trace sulphides. |
|
| WWS-20- 110R |
498317 | 5538970 | 1367 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Green coloured serpentinized rock, med bedded, oxidized at places, trace sulphides. |
|
| WWS-20- 111R |
498298 | 5538721 | 1363 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Green coloured serpentinized rock, trace sulphides. |
|
| WWS-20- 112R |
498298 | 5538721 | 1363 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Green coloured serpentinized rock, trace sulphides. |
Duplicate of WWN-20- 111R |
| WWS-20- 113R |
498297 | 5538681 | 1359 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Green coloured serpentinized rock, trace sulphides. |
|
| WWS-20- 114R |
498309 | 5538670 | 1358 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Green coloured serpentinized rock, trace sulphides. |
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| Sample Number |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Elevation | Exploration Area |
**Sample Type ** | Description | Structure and Other Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Easting | **Northing ** | m | |||||
| WWS-20- 115R |
498325 | 5538655 | 1353 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Green coloured serpentinized rock, trace sulphides. |
|
| WWS-20- 116R |
498336 | 5538644 | 1358 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Sandstone/quartzite; light brown, med to c grained, quartzose, silica cemented, iron stained at places, hard, few mm -2 cm thick qtz veins, trace sulphides. |
|
| WWS-20- 117R |
498356 | 5538631 | 1353 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Sandstone/quartzite; light brown, med to c grained, quartzose, silica cemented, iron stained at places, hard, 10 cm thickqtz vein,trace sulphides. |
|
| WWS-20- 118R |
498382 | 5538609 | 1348 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Sandstone/quartzite; light brown, med to c grained, quartzose, silica cemented, iron stained at places, hard, 5-6 cm thickqtz veins,trace sulphides. |
|
| WWS-20- 119R |
498406 | 5538606 | 1346 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Green coloured serpentinized rock, trace sulphides. |
|
| WWS-20- 120R |
498426 | 5538590 | 1344 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Green coloured serpentinized rock, trace sulphides. |
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| Sample Number |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Location NAD 83 Zone 11 |
Elevation | Exploration Area |
**Sample Type ** | Description | Structure and Other Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Easting | **Northing ** | m | |||||
| WWS-20- 121R |
498426 | 5538590 | 1344 | WW SOUTH BLOCK |
Grab rock sample from outcrop |
Duplicate of WWN-20-120R |
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Table 5: Summary of the Samples taken from each geological unit
| Block | Slocan Group |
Lower Plate |
Upper Plate Volcanic Group |
Intrusive | Duplicate | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| North | 26 | 3 | 3 | 32 | ||
| South | 62 | 20 | 7 | 89 |
9.1.1 Mapping and Sampling in Slocan Group
The rocks of the Slocan Group in the sampling area mainly comprises phyllites. Slates, argillites, and siltstone are occasional. The Phyllites are dark gray, weathers to rusty brown along bedding and across bedding, thin to medium bedded, splintery, with numerous quartz veins (Photo-6). Siltstone/argillites are brownish grey, micaceous. Light brown to whitish quartz veins ranging from 1cm to 60cm thick (commonly 10cm-20cm) as fracture fillings at places. Commonly 1-2% sulphides and occasionally up to 5% sulphides including pyrite, pyrrhotite, galena, and chalcopyrite were noted in quartz veins and along phyllites bedding planes and fractures. Malachite staining along bedding plane and hematitic alteration were also noticed. Shear zones and intense folding occur at places. Since most of the mineralization was noted in quartz veins, the samples were generally collected from these quartz veins and the wallrock.
==> picture [170 x 225] intentionally omitted <==
Photo 6:Quartz vein in phyllites (location: 0499164E,5536377N) (August 2020 Work Photo)
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==> picture [206 x 275] intentionally omitted <==
Photo 7: Sandstone / quartzite with thin quartz veins (location: 0498360E, 5538629N) (August 2020 Work Photo)
==> picture [218 x 290] intentionally omitted <==
Photo 8: Greenstone of lower Kaslo Group (location: 498509E, 5538634N)
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==> picture [204 x 271] intentionally omitted <==
Photo 9: Quartz vein boulder sampled during August 2020 work
9.1.2 Mapping and Sampling in the Lower Plate Sequence
20 samples from the South property are gathered from the Lower plate sequence of Kaslo Group. The volcanic members of this sequence appear regionally homogeneous and is generally described as massive greenstone sequence (Photo-8). The volcanics are greenish to greenish grey, chloritized, slightly serpentinized. Quartz veins are generally few millimeters thick. Sulphide mineralization where occurs, is commonly less than 1%. Light brown sandstone/quartzite noted at one location (Photo-7). It is medium to coarse grained, hard, silica cemented, iron stained, quartz veins up to 10cm thick, and trace sulphides.
9.1.3 Mapping and Sampling in the Upper Plate Sequence
26 samples were collected from broken rocks which formed a huge pile of rubble probably along the Whitewater fault zone. The volcanics have been intruded by syntectonic coarse grained hornblende diorite and post-tectonic hornblende feldspar and feldspar porphyry dikes. Serpentinized dunnite is the most extensive rock type exposed in this area, forming northwesterly trending bands with steep southwest dips, and extending up to 750 metres in width.
The serpentinite and dunnite are the common rock types. These are generally green to dark green but at places altered to brown or dark brown. Quartz veins are common and range in thickness from mm size to 45 cm. These are generally oxidized to highly oxidized, massive, extremely hard, and contain trace to 2 % sulphides, commonly pyrite, chalcopyrite and pentlandite.
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Brown to dark brown, altered basalt, with coarse pegmatitic / porphyritic texture, and magnetic characteristic occur in places, with 2-3% sulphides including pyrite, chalcopyrite, pentlandite noted in places.
This upper Plate sequence is characterized by orange- dark green or white-weathering olivegreen to black and mottled dark green serpentinite. Extensive occurrence of Serpentinite in these 26 samples suggest that sequence is part of upper plate sequence.
9.1.4 Mapping and Sampling in Intrusive Rocks
Three samples were collected from intrusives and altered granitic rock. It is light brown to pink, medium to coarse grained, equigranular with Quartz veins in places.
9.2 Exploration Work Results
The results of 121 samples analytical results indicate that silver is the main target element for further exploration. Anomalous values of gold, copper, manganese, and nickel are also found in a few samples (Table 6 and Figures 11 to 20).
-
Silver values are in the range of 0.05 parts per million (ppm) to 135 ppm (4.32 ounces per tonne), 14 samples are over one ppm, 30 samples have values between 0.5 ppm to one ppm, and nine samples are below 0.1 ppm silver. Sample WWS-20-07R has silver 5.09 ppm and sample WWS-20-44R has 135 ppm silver. Both these samples were taken from floats near outcrops indicating a nearby source of mineralized quartz veins in phyllites of Slocan Group.
-
Gold in three samples is over 0.5 grams per tonne (g/t), out of which one sample WWS20-44R assayed 242 g/t (7.74 ounces per tonne). Two other samples WWS-20-03R WWS20-46R assayed 0.105 g/t and 0.488 g/t gold.
-
Copper values are in the range of 4.2 ppm to 1030 ppm, the higher values are in the northern claim block found in rocks of the upper plate in Kaslo Group. Similarly, nickel (Ni) assayed in the range of 2.3 ppm to 1890 ppm.
-
Manganese (Mn) is from 25 ppm to 2090 ppm, zinc (Zn) is from 3.7 ppm to 3800 ppm, vanadium (V) is 3.9 ppm to 446 ppm, lead (PB is 0.7 ppm to 613 ppm, chromium (Cr) is 29.5 ppm to 1780 ppm.
-
As the Northern Block is dominantly represented by mafic and ultramafic rock complex, a total of 28 samples from the upper plate sequence of Kaslo Group belonging to Northern Block were also tested for platinum and palladium, but all samples returned values below the laboratories method detection limits of 0.01 ppm for palladium and 0.005 ppm for platinum. Only two samples (WWN-20-62R and WWN-20-63R assayed 0.004 ppm palladium, both these samples have 1860 and 1890 ppm nickel, respectively.
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Table 6: Exploration work assays highlights
| Lab Sample Id |
Field Sample ID | Method | FA-ICP- OES* |
(201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Analyte: | Au | Ag | As | Cr | Cu | Fe | Mn | Ni | Pb | V | Zn | |||
| Unit: | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | % | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | |||
| RDL: | 0.001 | 0.01 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | |||
| 1431855 | WWS-20-01R | South Block | 0.017 | 1.77 | 15.4 | 63.7 | 28.7 | 5.28 | 1050 | 34.5 | 54.8 | 84.7 | 78.2 | |
| 1431856 | WWS-20-02R | South Block | 0.005 | 0.89 | 7.1 | 71.1 | 22.1 | 4.52 | 224 | 32 | 26 | 175 | 68.9 | |
| 1431857 | WWS-20-03R | South Block | 0.105 | 0.47 | 5.4 | 113 | 135 | 8.5 | 353 | 86.7 | 33.9 | 383 | 235 | |
| 1431858 | WWS-20-04R | South Block | 0.004 | 0.31 | 4.9 | 112 | 28.7 | 4.47 | 130 | 31.2 | 35.6 | 156 | 69.2 | |
| 1431859 | WWS-20-05R | South Block | 0.005 | 0.63 | 1.6 | 120 | 9.7 | 1.87 | 698 | 16.6 | 58 | 28.3 | 44.4 | |
| 1431860 | WWS-20-06R | South Block | 0.004 | 0.62 | 19.6 | 57.3 | 19.5 | 5.18 | 328 | 35.2 | 14.1 | 133 | 80.2 | |
| 1431861 | WWS-20-07R | South Block | 0.003 | 5.09 | 2.4 | 81.9 | 2.9 | 1.14 | 661 | 23.6 | 34.9 | 9.3 | 16.1 | |
| 1431862 | WWS-20-08R | South Block | 0.002 | 0.15 | 1.1 | 126 | 16.8 | 2.93 | 1540 | 19.4 | 17.8 | 46.8 | 40.2 | |
| 1431863 | WWS-20-09R | South Block | 0.002 | 0.32 | 0.8 | 90.8 | 7.3 | 1.87 | 622 | 9.3 | 44.5 | 13.6 | 19.3 | |
| 1431864 | WWS-20-10R | South Block | 0.002 | 0.32 | 0.6 | 107 | 14.5 | 2.33 | 2060 | 13.6 | 63.4 | 23.3 | 17.6 | |
| 1431865 | WWS-20-11R | South Block | 0.006 | 0.45 | 0.6 | 126 | 21.6 | 3.26 | 2620 | 16.7 | 107 | 29.7 | 28.3 | |
| 1431866 | WWS-20-12R | South Block | 0.002 | 0.62 | 4 | 126 | <0.5 | 2.2 | 467 | 11.4 | 9.3 | 10 | 29.2 | |
| 1431867 | WWS-20-13R | South Block | 0.003 | 0.5 | 15.4 | 63.6 | 1.3 | 1.04 | 243 | 11.8 | 12.4 | 5.4 | 13.1 | |
| 1431868 | WWS-20-14R | South Block | 0.002 | 0.81 | 4.8 | 55.1 | 1.8 | 0.39 | 65 | 5.9 | 2.1 | 5.1 | 7.5 | |
| 1431869 | WWS-20-15R | South Block | 0.005 | 0.42 | 26 | 223 | 6.1 | 1.48 | 93 | 12.1 | 9.7 | 13.1 | 34.1 | |
| 1431870 | WWS-20-16R | South Block | 0.026 | 0.76 | 108 | 140 | 6.6 | 2.19 | 25 | 7.8 | 20.6 | 93.8 | 33 | |
| 1431871 | WWS-20-17R | South Block | 0.011 | 0.93 | 5.2 | 129 | 246 | 7.59 | 1200 | 37.5 | 23.2 | 75 | 40.6 | |
| 1431872 | WWS-20-18R | South Block | 0.001 | 0.51 | 2.2 | 55.5 | 3.5 | 0.71 | 108 | 7.3 | 1.3 | 14 | 8.4 | |
| 1431873 | WWS-20-19R | South Block | 0.004 | 1.03 | 3.5 | 41.6 | 5.4 | 0.82 | 48 | 2.3 | 5.2 | 9.2 | 14 | |
| 1431874 | WWS-20-20R | South Block | 0.005 | 1.94 | 11.5 | 59.1 | 8.7 | 1.9 | 51 | 3.2 | 20.3 | 17 | 48.7 | |
| 1431875 | WWS-20-21R | South Block | 0.002 | 0.33 | 0.4 | 40.4 | 2.1 | 0.25 | 34 | 4.1 | 1.1 | 3.2 | 3.2 | |
| 1431876 | WWS-20-22R | South Block | <0.001 | 0.05 | 0.4 | 30.7 | 1.1 | 0.24 | 42 | 3.7 | 0.7 | 2.8 | 1.4 | |
| 1431877 | WWS-20-23R | South Block | 0.002 | 0.1 | 0.9 | 59 | 4.3 | 0.45 | 192 | 6.5 | 11.1 | 4.2 | 4.3 | |
| 1431878 | WWS-20-24R | South Block | 0.002 | 0.26 | 2 | 116 | 3.3 | 1.26 | 386 | 8.2 | 23.4 | 8.5 | 18.8 | |
| 1431879 | WWS-20-25R | South Block | <0.001 | 0.07 | 0.7 | 65.7 | 3.8 | 0.73 | 356 | 6.7 | 7.7 | 12.4 | 9 | |
| 1431880 | WWS-20-26R | South Block | 0.001 | 0.45 | 2.4 | 85.9 | 102 | 6.24 | 591 | 36.5 | 31.9 | 92.3 | 107 | |
| 1431881 | WWS-20-27R | South Block | 0.002 | 1.33 | 1 | 100 | 39.4 | 3.38 | 923 | 24.8 | 69.8 | 37.7 | 62.3 | |
| 1431882 | WWS-20-28R | South Block | 0.002 | 0.84 | 0.5 | 75.3 | 4.3 | 0.62 | 187 | 5.6 | 4.2 | 5.2 | 9.2 | |
| 1431883 | WWS-20-29R | South Block | 0.001 | 1.19 | 9.2 | 110 | 21.9 | 4.7 | 646 | 38.8 | 12.9 | 105 | 91.3 |
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| Lab Sample Id |
Field Sample ID | Method | FA-ICP- OES* |
(201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Analyte: | Au | Ag | As | Cr | Cu | Fe | Mn | Ni | Pb | V | Zn | ||
| Unit: | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | % | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | ||
| RDL: | 0.001 | 0.01 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | ||
| 1431884 | WWS-20-30R | South Block | 0.002 | 0.63 | 3.1 | 78.9 | 13.9 | 5.12 | 447 | 31.5 | 14.6 | 108 | 81.3 |
| 1431885 | WWS-20-31R | South Block | 0.003 | 0.32 | 3.7 | 75.7 | 17.4 | 4.42 | 395 | 29.9 | 22.8 | 110 | 63.3 |
| 1431886 | WWS-20-32R | South Block | 0.002 | 0.23 | 9.3 | 60.9 | 19.2 | 4.59 | 506 | 38.4 | 12.1 | 101 | 87.2 |
| 1431887 | WWS-20-33R | South Block | 0.001 | 0.99 | 2.9 | 116 | 60.7 | 7.13 | 1610 | 39.1 | 1.5 | 311 | 86.9 |
| 1431888 | WWS-20-34R | South Block | 0.002 | 0.13 | 0.8 | 149 | 50.8 | 7.1 | 1180 | 41.2 | 1.3 | 261 | 84.6 |
| 1431889 | WWS-20-35R | South Block | 0.002 | 0.11 | 1.1 | 131 | 54.3 | 7.24 | 1490 | 41.5 | 2.4 | 264 | 84.1 |
| 1431890 | WWS-20-36R | South Block | 0.005 | 0.31 | 0.9 | 107 | 33.2 | 7.12 | 1490 | 15.3 | 1.7 | 344 | 80.5 |
| 1431891 | WWS-20-37R | South Block | 0.005 | 0.36 | 7.8 | 70.7 | 37.5 | 5.42 | 224 | 26.9 | 14.8 | 103 | 81.9 |
| 1431892 | WWS-20-38R | South Block | 0.009 | 0.46 | 8.3 | 90.4 | 21.7 | 4.54 | 528 | 33.9 | 27.2 | 106 | 81 |
| 1431893 | WWS-20-39R | South Block | 0.002 | 0.57 | 1.1 | 253 | 5.7 | 1.47 | 512 | 10.6 | 90.1 | 13.6 | 21 |
| 1431894 | WWS-20-40R | South Block | 0.003 | 0.52 | 1.6 | 249 | 11.5 | 1.77 | 234 | 15.9 | 10.2 | 18.5 | 24.2 |
| 1431895 | WWS-20-41R | South Block | 0.006 | 0.12 | 0.6 | 97.6 | 6.3 | 1.62 | 269 | 13 | 13.7 | 18.3 | 25.7 |
| 1431896 | WWS-20-42R | South Block | 0.003 | 0.29 | 15 | 50.3 | 26.1 | 4.31 | 444 | 33.1 | 16.9 | 99.8 | 78.7 |
| 1431897 | WWS-20-43R | South Block | 0.56 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 58.1 | 1.3 | 0.48 | 118 | 4.4 | 12.2 | 1.6 | 6.8 |
| 1431898 | WWS-20-44R | South Block | 242* | 135** | 2.5 | 69.5 | 5.8 | 1.05 | 100 | 6.5 | 125 | 6.1 | 10.9 |
| 1431899 | WWS-20-45R | South Block | 0.088 | 0.75 | 1.1 | 69.8 | 4.2 | 0.58 | 345 | 6.6 | 36.9 | 7.1 | 11.4 |
| 1431900 | WWS-20-46R | South Block | 0.488 | 0.51 | 3.1 | 63.8 | 5.7 | 0.84 | 670 | 7 | 53.5 | 8.5 | 9 |
| 1431901 | WWS-20-47R | South Block | 0.016 | 0.28 | 8.2 | 98 | 12.4 | 1.54 | 443 | 18.2 | 25.6 | 12.4 | 26.8 |
| 1431902 | WWS-20-48R | South Block | 0.05 | 1.25 | 0.9 | 76.3 | 12.4 | 1 | 386 | 9.6 | 21.2 | 12.4 | 15.5 |
| 1431903 | WWS-20-49R | South Block | 0.015 | 0.09 | 2 | 54.3 | 6.4 | 0.78 | 707 | 7.1 | 25.3 | 11.5 | 15.9 |
| 1431904 | WWS-20-50R | South Block | 0.03 | 0.38 | 1.8 | 106 | 7.3 | 1.04 | 899 | 6.9 | 94.1 | 5.7 | 16.5 |
| 1431905 | WWS-20-51R | South Block | 0.019 | 0.32 | 2.3 | 86.2 | 30.8 | 0.85 | 737 | 8.1 | 66.1 | 5.6 | 13.1 |
| 1431906 | WWS-20-52R | South Block | 0.014 | 0.46 | 2.4 | 73.9 | 7.4 | 0.73 | 280 | 6.7 | 10.9 | 10.2 | 10.2 |
| 1431907 | WWS-20-53R | South Block | 0.056 | 0.28 | 2.5 | 55.2 | 38.4 | 4.34 | 246 | 27.3 | 20.7 | 137 | 77.6 |
| 1431908 | WWS-20-54R | South Block | 0.009 | 0.41 | 1.2 | 121 | 22 | 4.45 | 696 | 45.9 | 52 | 105 | 102 |
| 1431909 | WWS-20-55R | South Block | 0.009 | 0.52 | 3.9 | 105 | 30.4 | 1.43 | 191 | 17.5 | 13.1 | 13.4 | 17.2 |
| 1431910 | WWS-20-56R | South Block | 0.008 | 0.06 | 1.2 | 80.8 | 3.5 | 0.52 | 255 | 6.9 | 8.9 | 6.4 | 5.8 |
| 1431911 | WWS-20-57R | South Block | 0.008 | 0.44 | 2.1 | 73.3 | 59.5 | 0.61 | 271 | 8.5 | 60.8 | 9.1 | 7.9 |
| 1431912 | WWS-20-58R | South Block | 0.008 | 0.05 | 0.4 | 41.9 | 2.3 | 0.37 | 243 | 5.6 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.7 |
| 1431913 | WWS-20-59R | South Block | 0.007 | 0.08 | 1.2 | 63.6 | 6.6 | 0.72 | 534 | 7.8 | 12.3 | 4.4 | 5.3 |
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| Lab Sample Id |
Field Sample ID | Method | FA-ICP- OES* |
(201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Analyte: | Au | Ag | As | Cr | Cu | Fe | Mn | Ni | Pb | V | Zn | ||
| Unit: | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | % | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | ||
| RDL: | 0.001 | 0.01 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | ||
| 1431914 | WWS-20-60R | South Block | 0.019 | 0.77 | 1.7 | 83.8 | 9 | 0.93 | 838 | 8.4 | 35.9 | 8.1 | 16.1 |
| 1431915 | WWS-20-61R | South Block | 0.007 | 0.59 | 1 | 64.4 | 11.9 | 0.72 | 468 | 6.8 | 47 | 4.7 | 16.6 |
| 1431916 | WWN-20-62R | North Block | 0.006 | 0.28 | 3.4 | 1350 | 11 | 4.37 | 687 | 1860 | 3.2 | 39 | 53.3 |
| 1431917 | WWN-20-63R | North Block | 0.006 | 0.36 | 21.7 | 1780 | 7.9 | 5.31 | 1350 | 1890 | 5.1 | 42.2 | 49.5 |
| 1431918 | WWN-20-64R | North Block | 0.006 | 0.31 | 1.4 | 166 | 320 | 3.29 | 683 | 49.6 | 2.1 | 132 | 143 |
| 1431919 | WWN-20-65R | North Block | 0.006 | 0.4 | 1.4 | 246 | 251 | 6.39 | 745 | 58.2 | 1.8 | 186 | 71 |
| 1431920 | WWN-20-66R | North Block | 0.014 | 0.61 | 0.8 | 213 | 1030 | 7.65 | 1250 | 38 | 5.1 | 293 | 90.5 |
| 1431921 | WWN-20-67R | North Block | 0.006 | 0.47 | 11.2 | 102 | 159 | 10.2 | 1590 | 36.6 | 2.3 | 446 | 114 |
| 1431922 | WWN-20-68R | North Block | 0.006 | 0.17 | 0.9 | 103 | 95.5 | 1.4 | 238 | 12.2 | 2.7 | 42.7 | 22.2 |
| 1431923 | WWN-20-69R | North Block | 0.005 | 1.82 | 1.3 | 256 | 723 | 6.4 | 1160 | 49.1 | 2.4 | 247 | 111 |
| 1431924 | WWN-20-70R | North Block | 0.61 | 0.76 | 1 | 65.6 | 469 | 6.69 | 1420 | 21.6 | 3.9 | 318 | 90.9 |
| 1431925 | WWN-20-71R | North Block | 0.006 | 0.76 | 0.8 | 50.1 | 425 | 6.34 | 1350 | 23.2 | 2.9 | 276 | 98.5 |
| 1431926 | WWS-20-72R | South Block | 0.013 | 0.27 | 1.9 | 96.3 | 6.9 | 0.92 | 168 | 9.9 | 10.1 | 14.6 | 15.2 |
| 1431927 | WWS-20-73R | South Block | 0.006 | 0.18 | 1.4 | 57.1 | 8.1 | 0.77 | 387 | 5.9 | 116 | 4.6 | 9.4 |
| 1431928 | WWS-20-74R | South Block | 0.004 | 0.17 | 0.6 | 69.4 | 1.6 | 1.04 | 727 | 6.7 | 96.3 | 3.9 | 9.9 |
| 1431929 | WWS-20-75R | South Block | 0.006 | 0.31 | 1.5 | 81.1 | 2.5 | 1.14 | 504 | 6 | 229 | 5.2 | 176 |
| 1431930 | WWS-20-76R | South Block | 0.004 | 0.61 | 3.4 | 128 | 4.7 | 2.37 | 789 | 11 | 11.3 | 7.6 | 38.5 |
| 1431931 | WWS-20-77R | South Block | 0.004 | 0.21 | 0.7 | 83.3 | 0.6 | 0.99 | 671 | 6.1 | 5 | 5.6 | 7.5 |
| 1431932 | WWS-20-78R | South Block | 0.004 | 0.1 | 3.3 | 328 | 21.1 | 1.01 | 306 | 8.1 | 8.3 | 8.5 | 10 |
| 1431933 | WWS-20-79R | South Block | 0.006 | 1.41 | 1.6 | 178 | 16.9 | 4.39 | 2090 | 10.7 | 613 | 10.4 | 3800 |
| 1431934 | WWS-20-80R | South Block | 0.004 | 1.12 | 10.6 | 93.3 | 9.5 | 2.68 | 391 | 23.8 | 217 | 71.2 | 59.2 |
| 1431935 | WWS-20-81R | South Block | 0.006 | 0.15 | 2 | 185 | 72.7 | 7.26 | 1270 | 69.4 | 19.4 | 303 | 86.8 |
| 1431936 | WWS-20-82R | South Block | 0.006 | 0.3 | 1.4 | 168 | 61.3 | 6.52 | 1120 | 63 | 5 | 275 | 62.6 |
| 1431937 | WWS-20-83R | South Block | 0.009 | 0.41 | 6.2 | 101 | 31.2 | 6.97 | 1210 | 58.2 | 3 | 302 | 80.5 |
| 1431938 | WWS-20-84R | South Block | 0.008 | 1.19 | 2.1 | 92.1 | 54.5 | 8.47 | 1720 | 38.2 | 3.4 | 333 | 90.4 |
| 1431939 | WWS-20-85R | South Block | 0.004 | 0.35 | 2.6 | 147 | 76.8 | 7.21 | 1210 | 69.4 | 2.5 | 298 | 78.4 |
| 1431940 | WWN-20-86R | North Block | 0.003 | 0.1 | 5 | 142 | 65 | 7.51 | 1300 | 195 | 2.2 | 238 | 137 |
| 1431941 | WWN-20-87R | North Block | 0.004 | 0.94 | 1.6 | 224 | 215 | 5.58 | 858 | 40 | 4.5 | 226 | 103 |
| 1431942 | WWN-20-88R | North Block | 0.004 | 0.21 | 2 | 84.6 | 117 | 4.03 | 670 | 25.1 | 2.6 | 178 | 56.9 |
| 1431943 | WWN-20-89R | North Block | 0.004 | 0.13 | 0.8 | 116 | 25.2 | 2.4 | 406 | 13 | 2.3 | 78.3 | 21.3 |
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| Lab Sample Id |
Field Sample ID | Method | FA-ICP- OES* |
(201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Analyte: | Au | Ag | As | Cr | Cu | Fe | Mn | Ni | Pb | V | Zn | ||
| Unit: | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | % | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | ||
| RDL: | 0.001 | 0.01 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | ||
| 1431944 | WWN-20-90R | North Block | 0.004 | 0.16 | 0.9 | 189 | 31.8 | 3.47 | 758 | 25.4 | 3.1 | 193 | 58.5 |
| 1431945 | WWN-20-91R | North Block | 0.008 | 0.39 | 0.8 | 170 | 31.8 | 3.45 | 719 | 27.7 | 2.8 | 185 | 55.3 |
| 1431946 | WWN-20-92R | North Block | 0.004 | 0.07 | 0.4 | 65 | 15.2 | 0.64 | 47 | 3.9 | 3 | 10 | 4.5 |
| 1431947 | WWN-20-93R | North Block | 0.004 | 0.06 | 0.5 | 72.1 | 13.4 | 0.5 | 75 | 11.6 | 1.3 | 12.1 | 10.7 |
| 1431948 | WWN-20-94R | North Block | 0.003 | 0.35 | 1.2 | 77.1 | 13.7 | 1.96 | 289 | 9 | 2.3 | 54 | 29.6 |
| 1431949 | WWN-20-95R | North Block | 0.004 | 0.64 | 1.3 | 110 | 88.1 | 7.84 | 1440 | 43.2 | 2.8 | 365 | 130 |
| 1431950 | WWN-20-96R | North Block | 0.003 | 0.44 | 1 | 96.3 | 157 | 8.5 | 1530 | 38.5 | 2.3 | 390 | 135 |
| 1431951 | WWN-20-97R | North Block | 0.003 | 0.1 | 0.9 | 123 | 73.1 | 1.8 | 249 | 12.1 | 2 | 42.8 | 14.4 |
| 1431952 | WWN-20-98R | North Block | 0.003 | 0.17 | 0.9 | 142 | 60.8 | 2.79 | 322 | 9.4 | 2 | 55.7 | 19.1 |
| 1431953 | WWN-20-99R | North Block | 0.005 | 0.24 | 1 | 150 | 218 | 4.44 | 668 | 15.6 | 2.2 | 200 | 59.7 |
| 1431954 | WWN-20-100R | North Block | 0.002 | 0.68 | 1.7 | 185 | 29.7 | 2.65 | 577 | 27.6 | 1.7 | 126 | 44.7 |
| 1431955 | WWN-20-101R | North Block | 0.004 | 1.08 | 1.2 | 75.7 | 953 | 8.74 | 1640 | 33.7 | 5.5 | 445 | 282 |
| 1431956 | WWN-20-102R | North Block | 0.004 | 0.65 | 1 | 77.9 | 536 | 8.78 | 1650 | 32.7 | 5.4 | 449 | 288 |
| 1431957 | WWN-20-103R | North Block | 0.002 | 0.26 | 0.6 | 227 | 72.6 | 5.28 | 886 | 53.8 | 2.3 | 190 | 130 |
| 1431958 | WWS-20-104R | South Block | 0.003 | 0.31 | 2 | 120 | 66.1 | 7.54 | 1360 | 60.9 | 3.6 | 321 | 77.4 |
| 1431959 | WWS-20-105R | South Block | 0.003 | 0.14 | 1.7 | 106 | 50.1 | 7.09 | 1410 | 49.5 | 3.9 | 335 | 66.7 |
| 1431960 | WWS-20-106R | South Block | 0.003 | 0.28 | 3.6 | 172 | 65.4 | 7.2 | 1330 | 85.4 | 4 | 293 | 74.8 |
| 1431961 | WWS-20-107R | South Block | 0.003 | 0.09 | 1.7 | 178 | 29.5 | 7.94 | 1490 | 91.6 | 5 | 311 | 84.6 |
| 1431962 | WWS-20-108R | South Block | 0.004 | 0.14 | 1 | 150 | 67.2 | 7.3 | 1280 | 80 | 1.6 | 307 | 72.3 |
| 1431963 | WWS-20-109R | South Block | 0.003 | 0.2 | 2.3 | 163 | 51.7 | 7.52 | 1320 | 79.1 | 1.6 | 323 | 73.4 |
| 1431964 | WWS-20-110R | South Block | 0.006 | 0.39 | 2.7 | 147 | 72.3 | 7.09 | 1320 | 74 | 2.1 | 324 | 68.1 |
| 1431965 | WWS-20-111R | South Block | 0.002 | 0.65 | 2.1 | 185 | 47.1 | 7.8 | 1320 | 81.4 | 1.8 | 311 | 75.7 |
| 1431966 | WWS-20-112R | South Block | 0.002 | 0.35 | 2.4 | 185 | 51.9 | 7.78 | 1300 | 87 | 1.8 | 327 | 77.7 |
| 1431967 | WWS-20-113R | South Block | 0.002 | 0.2 | 1.3 | 100 | 62.6 | 7.71 | 1320 | 56.1 | 3.3 | 318 | 77.8 |
| 1431968 | WWS-20-114R | South Block | 0.003 | 0.22 | 1.2 | 112 | 59.3 | 7.59 | 1380 | 50.1 | 5.3 | 325 | 78 |
| 1431969 | WWS-20-115R | South Block | 0.004 | 0.06 | 1.8 | 101 | 70.6 | 8.44 | 1390 | 55.3 | 3.3 | 335 | 84 |
| 1431970 | WWS-20-116R | South Block | 0.008 | 0.66 | 3 | 29.5 | 13.6 | 1.22 | 225 | 3.5 | 48.7 | 18.9 | 59.9 |
| 1431971 | WWS-20-117R | South Block | 0.004 | 0.45 | 1.4 | 37.1 | 4.2 | 0.96 | 364 | 4.9 | 11.9 | 14.8 | 37.7 |
| 1431972 | WWS-20-118R | South Block | 0.008 | 1.8 | 4 | 45.5 | 9.7 | 0.8 | 177 | 3.1 | 13 | 11.6 | 14.8 |
| 1431973 | WWS-20-119R | South Block | 0.005 | 0.15 | 1.1 | 118 | 85 | 8.61 | 1360 | 53.5 | 2.4 | 338 | 84.7 |
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| Lab Sample Id |
Field Sample ID | Method | FA-ICP- OES* |
(201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Analyte: | Au | Ag | As | Cr | Cu | Fe | Mn | Ni | Pb | V | Zn | ||
| Unit: | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | % | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | **ppm ** | ||
| RDL: | 0.001 | 0.01 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.01 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | ||
| 1431974 | WWS-20-120R | South Block | 0.012 | 0.11 | 1.4 | 110 | 50 | 6.73 | 1180 | 59.1 | 2.3 | 324 | 67.4 |
| 1431975 | WWS-20-121R | South Block | 0.006 | 0.25 | 1.5 | 94.9 | 57.8 | 7.46 | 1290 | 53.8 | 2.2 | 329 | 76 |
Comments:
RDL - Reported Detection Limit
*(202-564) Fire Assay - Au Ore Grade, Gravimetric finish (50g charge)
**(201-116) Multi-Acid Digest, ICP-OES finish
As, Sb values may be low due to digestion losses.
Analysis performed at AGAT 5623 McAdam Rd., Mississauga, ON
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Figure 11: Sampling Location and Assays South Block – Map A
==> picture [564 x 431] intentionally omitted <==
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Figure 12: Sampling Location and Assays South Block – Map B
==> picture [527 x 402] intentionally omitted <==
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Figure 13: Sampling Location and Assays South Block – Map C
==> picture [541 x 414] intentionally omitted <==
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Figure 14: Sampling Location and Assays South Block – Map D
==> picture [538 x 412] intentionally omitted <==
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Figure 15: Sampling Location and Assays South Block – Map E
==> picture [569 x 435] intentionally omitted <==
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Figure 16: Sampling Location and Assays South Block – Map F
==> picture [541 x 413] intentionally omitted <==
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Figure 17: Sampling Location and Assays South Block – Map G
==> picture [561 x 429] intentionally omitted <==
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Figure 18: Sampling Location and Assays North Block – Map A
==> picture [583 x 443] intentionally omitted <==
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Figure 19: Sampling Location and Assays North Block – Map B
==> picture [548 x 419] intentionally omitted <==
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Figure 20: Sampling Location and Assays North Block – Map C
==> picture [547 x 418] intentionally omitted <==
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10.0 DRILIING
There has been no drilling carried out on the Property by Traction Exploration Inc.to date.
11.0 SAMPLE PREPARATION, ANALYSIS AND SECURITY
The author visited the property from August 24-28, 2020 to supervise the ongoing exploration work program, to take geological observations and to review sample collection procedures. For 2020 exploration program, rock samples were collected in the field by placing 0.3-2 kg of material in a heavy grade plastic sample bag with the sample number written with permanent marker. Each sample bag was then sealed with a plastic cable tie and samples were transported back to New Denver base station at the end of each day. Rock samples were recorded as to location (UTM -NAD 83), sample type (grab, composite grab, chip, etc.), exposure type (outcrop, rubblecrop, float, etc.), lithology, colour, texture and grain size were described. Sample locations were determined by hand-held GPS set to report locations in UTM coordinates using the North American Datum established in 1983 (NAD 83) Zone 11N (Table 4). The author confirms that a total of 111 grab rock samples were collected for silver, gold, and other elements analysis. Additionally, 10 duplicate samples were included for Quality Control and Quality Assurance. Seven duplicate samples were taken from South Block and three from three from the North Block. Laboratory also uses its own quality control and quality assurance protocols for sample analysis. The samples were bagged and tagged using best practices, and delivered to the Agate Laboratories in Burnaby, BC.
Agate Lab is an independent group of laboratories accredited under both ISO 17025 with CAN-P1579 for specific registered tests. Agate is a commercial, ISO Certified Laboratory independent of Traction Exploration Inc. and Geomap Exploration Inc. Sample analysis packages used for sample preparation and analysis are shown in Table 7 below.
Table 7: Agat Laboratories Sample Preparation and Analysis
| Table 7: Agat Laboratories Sample Preparation and Analysis | ||
|---|---|---|
| Sample Type |
Package Name | Number of Samples |
| Rock | (200-) Sample Login Weight | 121 |
| Rock | (201-071) 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish |
121 |
| Rock | (201-116) Multi-Acid Digest, ICP-OES finish | 121 |
| Rock | (202-052) Fire Assay-Trace Au, ICP-OES finish (ppm) | 93 |
| Rock | (202-055) Fire Assay - Au, Pt, Pd Trace Levels, ICP-OES finish |
28 |
| Rock | (202-564) Fire Assay - Au Ore Grade, Gravimetric finish (50g charge) |
1 |
| Rock | Sieving-% Passing (Crushing) | 121 |
| Rock | Sieving-%Passing (Pulverizing) | 121 |
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The analytical results of the QA/QC samples provided by Agate Lab did not identify any significant analytical issues. The duplicate had almost same percentages as original. For the present study, the sample preparation, security, and analytical procedures used by the laboratory are considered adequate and the data is valid and of sufficient quality to be used for further investigations.
12.0 DATA VERIFICATION
The author visited the Property from August 24-28, 2020 to verify the exploration work, to examine mineralized outcrops and to collect necessary geological data and samples. The exploration work was directly supervised by the author during the visit of the Property. GPS coordinates using NAD 83 datum were used to mark sample locations and rock outcrops. Another purpose of the visit was to verify data collection methods, sample collection and sample preparation procedures. The data collected during the present study is considered reliable. The previously collected data reported in the historical information was also confirmed during this study.
QA/QC sampling was conducted to verify the quality and assure the accuracy of results obtained from the grab sampling of the North and South blocks. A total of ten QA/QC samples (Table-5) were inserted and sent to the laboratory for analyses. Seven of these samples were taken from South Block and three from North Block. The samples include duplicate. For every twelve samples, one duplicate was inserted. Agat Laboratories also have its data QA/QC procedures which did not find any significant issue with the sample preparation, analysis, and security.
The author is unaware of any environmental liabilities associated on the Whitewater Property.
13.0 MINERAL PROCESSING AND METALLURGICAL TESTING
No metallurgical testing was done on the Property by Traction Exploration Inc.
14.0 MINERAL RESOURCE ESTIMATES
There are no current mineral resource estimates on the Whitewater Property .
Items 15 to 22 are not applicable at this time.
23.0 ADJACENT PROPERTIES
The following information is taken from the publicly available sources which are identified in the text and in Section 27. The Author has not been able to independently verify the information contained although he has no reason to doubt the accuracy of the descriptions. The information is not necessarily indicative of the mineralization on the Property, which is the subject of this technical report. The following information is provided as background material for the reader.
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Whitewater Property is in the heart of historical mining and mineral exploration region of the Kootenays in British Columbia. Major mining operation in the vicinity of the claim area continued from 1893 to 1939. The hills around Sandon were actively mined by mines such as, The Payne, the Star, the Ruth, the Noble Five, the American Boy, the Trade Dollar, the Last Chance, the Hero, the Goodenough, the H. E. Lee, the Blue Bird, the Ajax, the Wonderful, the Ivanhoe, the Eureka, the Miller Creek, the Sovereign, and the Vulture. Sandon currently, a ghost mining town was, a home to 5000 people at one time. Like the other silver towns of the era, Sandon faded with the silver prices, and in 1955, a massive flood of Carpenter Creek occurred, destroying most of the remaining buildings. No major mining activity took place in the area after 1955, although minor activities are reported in the later years.
23.1 Klondike Silver Corp.
Klondike Silver Corp. has zinc-silver-lead projects the Slocan Mining Camp (Figure 21) which is a brownfields project in southeastern British Columbia. The project has an active Mine Permit, a 100 ton per day mill and a licenced tailings pond facility. The mill is 1.5 hours from Teck Corp.’s Trail lead-zinc smelter. Once additional economic mineralization is identified, production can start almost immediately. The Slocan Mining Camp is within the Kokanee Range of the Selkirk Mountains in southeastern British Columbia. The Camp is mainly underlain by metasediments of the Late Triassic Slocan Group (201 to 235 Ma). These metamorphosed sediments are comprised of argillite, impure sandstones, siltstones, and limestones. The Slocan Group metasediments were intruded by the Nelson Batholith (160 to 170 Ma) which subsequently fractured and folded the existing rocks. The batholith was a heat engine that assisted in the emplacement of mineralization into the fractures. These fractures became the mineralized veins or “Lodes” that have been mined since the 1890s. The Lodes were subsequently cross-faulted and sheared making the geology and mining of the area complex.
The main mineralized fractures in the Slocan Group metasediments are a series of east-west parallel Lodes that dip toward the south. The Lodes are not mineralized continuously along their length or dip but are instead a series of mineralized pods or bodies along the length of the Lode structures. These pods have been mined as separate mines along the same structure. As an example, the largest structure in the Camp is called the “Main Lode”. It is approximately 9 km in length and contains the main producing mines in the Camp (Standard, Silvana, Silversmith and Ruth/Hope mines). These mines extracted ore from separate pods along the “Main Lode”. There are still unexplored sections of the “Main Lode” as well as most of the other Lodes.
All the mines in the area were discovered when these mineralized bodies came to surface, except the Silvana Mine. It was discovered by drilling from previous underground workings. Future discoveries in the Camp will come from the 3D computer modeling unraveling and interpreting the complex geology as well as successive drilling programs.
Source: https://klondikesilver.com/projects/silvana-silver-mile/
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23.2 Magnum Goldcorp Inc.
Magnum Goldcorp is developing its LH Property located on east of Slocan Lake approximately 7.0 km south of the village of Silverton, in the Slocan Mining Division of southeastern British Columbia. The LH Property is a gold exploration property consisting of 19 contiguous crown granted claims and 7 mineral claims, located approximately 7 km south of Silverton, British Columbia, on the east side of Slocan Lake. As announced April 27, 2016, Magnum now owns 100% of the LH Property.
In 1987, surface prospecting and soil geochemistry by Noranda Mines located the Ridge Zone which they tested by 8 drill holes.
In October 2012, International Bethlehem Mining Corp completed a 246 metre drill hole in the Ridge Zone, approximately twinning Noranda Hole LH88-23 which reported an intersection of 10.78m grading 4.38g/t Au confirmed the presence of the Ridge Zone mineralization.
In 2015, Magnum Goldcorp completed an 11-drill hole program which targeted high grade gold mineralization previously identified in LH underground workings. The drill program returned analytical results some of which included 16.9 meters of 13.58 g/t Au including 10.9 meters of 20.91 g/t Au and as well, 11 meters of 20.66 g/t Au.
Source: http://magnumgoldcorp.com/
Cautionary statement: Investors are cautioned that the mineralization described above has not been verified by the author and may not be indicative of the property which is the subject of this report. It has been provided only for illustration purposes. The author has not verified the mineralization on adjacent properties and such mineralization is not necessarily indicative of the mineralization on the property that is the subject of this technical report.
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Figure 21: Adjacent Properties Map
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24.0 OTHER RELAVENT DATA AND INFORMATION
24.1 Environmental Concerns
There is minimal historical production from mineralized zones on the property, and the author is not aware of any environmental liabilities which have accrued from historical exploration and mining activity.
25.0 INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSION
Geologically, the Property area occurs in the southern part of the Goat Range of eastern Selkirk Mountains which lies within the Kootenay Arc terrane, which is a curving belt of complexly deformed sedimentary, volcanic, and metamorphic rocks extending southeasterly from Revelstoke, to Kootenay Lake in British Columbia and then southerly into the United States. It consists of lower Paleozoic and Mesozoic rocks on the west flank of the Purcell Anticlinorium. The limestone, dolomite, clastic sedimentary rocks, and volcanic rocks of Paleozoic and early Mesozoic age in the arc were intensely deformed during early Paleozoic and Middle Jurassic time.
Locally, the Property area is underlain by the rocks of Kaslo group and Slocan Group. The Kaslo Group is widely exposed and covers a major portion in the northern block of the property, and consists of mafic volcanic rocks, serpentinite, intrusives, and associated sedimentary rocks. The Whitewater Fault occurs at the base of the ultramafic unit and divide the Kaslo Group into upper and lower plates. Where exposed, the Whitewater Fault is a shear zone that is folded by folds associated with the Dryden Anticline. The Slocan Group consists of thick sequence of grey to dark grey phyllite and slate which are thin bedded to massive and defined by dark grey colour bands, sandy and calcareous layers that weather into differential relief because of slight compositional variations. The Slocan Group rests with slight angular unconformity on the Marten conglomerate. The age of the Slocan Group is Late Triassic. The intrusive rocks in the area include diorite, granite, and lamprophyre dikes. All rock units exposed on the Property have undergone some degree of regional metamorphism.
Exploration of the property area dates to the late 1800s when polymetallic silver-lead-zinc veins, such as the Gold Quartz showing were first discovered. The major discovery of gold was made in Kaslo formation at Highland Surprise Mine. Several companies were involved in exploration activities in the claim area from time to time.
Hi-Ridge Resources Ltd. in the year 1972 completed an exploration program involving geological mapping, prospecting, magnetometer surveying and diamond drilling. Pan Ocean Oil Limited in the year 1973 carried out geological mapping of the property area. Amoco Canada Petroleum Company Limited in 1979 did soil sampling which indicated the presence of several anomalous concentrations of gold. There are six mineral showings (Minfile Occurrences) documented for the Property area which are: i) Gold Quartz (silver, gold, lead, zinc, copper), ii) Bollinger (gold, lead,
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copper), iii) Gold Quartz Ridge (silver, gold, copper), iv) Gold Quartz B Zone (silver, gold, lead, copper), v) Tom (copper), and vi) Lucky Boy (silver, gold, lead, zinc).
The Property area is known mainly for silver bearing deposit types where Slocan Group is the main source of economic mineralization, and the Kaslo Group is known for several mineral showings but few of them have economic importance. Mineralization has chiefly taken the form of fissure vein deposits. Replacement of the wall-rock is a common feature, its degree depending on the character of the enclosing rocks. According to the geological model, regional faults and major structural discontinuities that have great strike lengths and extend deep in the crust are important mineralization controls because they provide conduits for the movement of mineralized fluids.
Traction Exploration Inc. completed an exploration programme on the Property from August- 14 to August-28, 2020. The focus of the fieldwork was to collect representative rock samples along with the geological and structural observations from Kaslo group and Slocan group sequence. The sampling program was designed to represent all prospective geological units and formations.
A total of 121 outcrop grab samples from outcrops, floats and fault related broken rubble material were collected during this campaign. Main target for sampling was brown to whitish quartz veins ranging in thickness from 1cm to 60 cm (commonly 10cm-20cm with 1-2% sulphides and occasionally up to 5% sulphides including pyrite, pyrrhotite, galena, and chalcopyrite). Serpentinized ultramafic rocks, sulphide bearing phyllites and intrusives were also sampled occasionally. A total of 62 samples were collected from Slocan Group, 46 from the Kaslo Group (20 from the Lower Plate Sequence and 26 from the upper Plate Sequence), three samples were from intrusives, and 10 samples were field duplicates.
The analytical results of samples indicate that silver is the main target element for further exploration. Anomalous values of gold, copper, manganese, and nickel are also found in a few samples.
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Silver values are in the range of 0.05 parts per million (ppm) to 135 ppm (4.32 ounces per tonne), 14 samples are over one ppm, 30 samples have values between 0.5 ppm to one ppm, and the remaining samples are below 0.1 ppm silver. Sample WWS-20-07R has silver 5.09 ppm and sample WWS-20-44R has 135 ppm silver. Both these samples were taken from floats near outcrops indicating a nearby source of mineralized quartz veins in phyllites of Slocan Group.
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Gold in three samples is over 0.5 grams per tonne (g/t), out of which one sample WWS20-44R assayed 242 g/t (7.74 ounces per tonne). Two other samples WWS-20-03R WWS20-46R assayed 0.105 g/t and 0.488 g/t gold.
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Copper values are in the range of 4.2 ppm to 1030 ppm, the higher values are in the northern claim block found in rocks of the upper plate in Kaslo Group. Similarly, nickel (Ni) assayed in the range of 2.3 ppm to 1890 ppm.
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Manganese (Mn) is from 25 ppm to 2090 ppm, zinc (Zn) is from 3.7 ppm to 3800 ppm, vanadium (V) is 3.9 ppm to 446 ppm, lead (PB is 0.7 ppm to 613 ppm, chromium (Cr) is 29.5 ppm to 1780 ppm.
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As the Northern Block is dominantly represented by mafic and ultramafic rock complex, a total of 28 samples from the upper plate sequence of Kaslo Group belonging to Northern Block were also tested for platinum and palladium, but all samples returned values below the laboratories method detection limits of 0.01 ppm for palladium and 0.005 ppm for platinum. Only two samples (WWN-20-62R and WWN-20-63R assayed 0.004 ppm palladium, both these samples have 1860 and 1890 ppm nickel, respectively.
The author visited the property from August 24-28, 2020 to supervise the ongoing exploration work program, to take geological observations and to review sample collection procedures. All samples for this work were prepared and analyzed at Agat Laboratories Mississauga, Ontario using packages: 4 Acid Digest - Metals Package, ICP/ICP-MS finish, Multi-Acid Digest, ICP-OES finish, Fire Assay - Trace Au, ICP-OES finish (ppm), Fire Assay - Au, Pt, Pd Trace Levels, ICP-OES finish, and Fire Assay - Au Ore Grade, Gravimetric finish (50g charge).
The data presented in this report is based on published assessment reports available from Traction, the British Columbia Ministry of Mines, Minfile data, the Geological Survey of Canada, and the Geological Survey of BC. A part of the data was collected by the author during the property visit. All the consulted data sources are deemed reliable. The data collected during present study is considered sufficient to provide an opinion about the merit of the Property as a viable exploration target.
Based on its past exploration history, favourable geological and tectonic setting, presence of surface mineralization, and the results of present study, it is concluded that the Property is a property of merit and possesses a good potential for discovery of silver, gold, and other sulphide mineralization. Good road access together with availability of exploration and mining services in the vicinity makes it a worthy mineral exploration target. The historical exploration data collected by previous operators on the Property provides the basis for a follow-up work program.
26.0 RECOMMENDATIONS
In the qualified person’s opinion, the Whitewater Property has potential for further discovery of good quality silver, gold and other sulphide mineralization. The character of the property is sufficient to merit a follow-up work program. This can be accomplished through a two-phase exploration and development program, where each phase is contingent upon the results of the previous phase.
Phase 1 – Prospecting, Sampling and Geological Mapping
The 2020 exploration work identified several areas with quartz veins showing over 1 ppm silver and a few areas with over 0.5 g/t gold values. It is recommended to follow up these quartz veins through detailed mapping, prospecting, and sampling work. Due to large size of the property, the 100 | P a g e
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2020 work program was not able to cover a large part of the claim areas of the North Block. The Norther Block has a difficult access as 1.5 to 2 hours one-way uphill walk slows down the work progress. It is recommended to cover the areas with difficult access more efficiently using a helicopter. The following areas are recommended for detailed prospecting and sampling work:
South Claim Block
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North-eastern and Southwestern portions of claim 1078135 as a follow up of higher gold and silver values shown in quartz veins and quartz boulders / floats (Figures 14 and 17).
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North-eastern portion of claim 1078152, particularly the area at the contact of Slocan Group Phyllites and Kaslo Group Lower Plate mafic rocks.
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Sample WWS-20 07R taken from series of quartz floats assayed 5.09 ppm silver (Figure 12) need further prospecting on claim 1078108.
North Block
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Three samples collected from southwestern part of claim 1077955 have shown silver values in the range of 0.94 ppm – 1.94 ppm (Figure 20). The whole claim area needs detailed prospecting and mapping.
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Samples collected from claim (1076510) also show anomalous values of silver (over 1 ppm in two samples) and gold (0.61g/t in one sample) (Figures 18 and 19). The north-eastern part of this claim needs detailed checking in the area across Whitewater Creek, particularly historical Minfile Occurrences (Gold Quartz B Zone and Gold Quartz Ridge) (Figure 3).
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Two Minfile occurrences (Gold Quartz and Bollinger) on Claim 1075878 need detailed prospecting and mapping.
Total estimated budget for this work is $123,365 and it can take about four months’ time to complete.
Phase 2 – Drilling and Geophysical Surveys
Based on the results of Phase 1 program, a drilling program is recommended to be executed on the targets if identified for further work on the Property. Detailed scope of work and location of drill holes for Phase 2 will be prepared after reviewing the results of Phase 1 program. Another recommendation for this phase of work is to carryout airborne geophysical surveys (Time Domain Electromagnetic – TDEM and Magnetic) on the North Block.
Total estimated budget for the Phase 2 work is $396,550 (Table 9) for 1,500 meters NQ size core drilling and airborne geophysical survey. The program can take about four months’ time to complete.
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Table 8: Phase 1 Budget
| Item | Unit | Rate($) | Number of Units |
Total ($) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Project preparation / logistic arrangement |
Day | $700 | 3 | $2,100 |
| Field Crew: | ||||
| Project Manager | Day | $700 | 7 | $4,900 |
| Project Geologist 1 | Day | $650 | 15 | $9,750 |
| Project Geologist 2 | Day | $650 | 15 | $9,750 |
| Prospector 1 | Day | $450 | 15 | $6,750 |
| Prospector 2 | Day | $450 | 15 | $6,750 |
| Field Costs: | ||||
| Food & Accommodation | Day | $250 | 60 | $15,000 |
| Communications | Day | $100 | 15 | $1,500 |
| Shipping | Lump Sum |
$0 | 1 | $0 |
| Helicopter | Hrs | $2,000 | 10 | $20,000 |
| Supplies and rentals | Lump Sum |
$2,500 | 1 | $2,500 |
| Vehicle Rental withgas | Day | $200 | 18 | $3,600 |
| Transportation with mileage | km | $0.55 | 2000 | $1,100 |
| Assays & Analyses: | ||||
| Rock/Soil Samples | Sample | $75 | 150 | $11,250 |
| Report: | ||||
| Data Compilation | Day | $700 | 10 | $7,000 |
| GIS Work | Hrs | $60 | 30 | $1,800 |
| Report Preparation | Day | $700 | 12 | $8,400 |
| Total Phase 1 Budget | $112,150 | |||
| Contingency10% | $11,215 | |||
| Total Estimated budget | $123,365 |
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Table 9: Phase 2 Budget
| Item | Unit | Unit Rate ($) |
Number of Units |
Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exploration workplan andpermitting | days | $750 | 5 | $3,750 |
| Airbornegeophysical survey (TDEM) | l-km | $150 | 200 | $30,000 |
| ExploratoryDrilling | m | $100 | 1,500 | $150,000 |
| Drill mob and demob | mob | $1,500 | 2 | $3,000 |
| Core Logging | days | $700 | 20 | $14,000 |
| Permittingbond | ls | $30,000 | 1 | $30,000 |
| Drill supervision | days | $700 | 30 | $21,000 |
| Drill Pads | Pads | $1,000 | 10 | $10,000 |
| Core Shack rentals | ls | $5,000 | 1 | $5,000 |
| Core Cuttingand Packing | m | $25 | 500 | $12,500 |
| Accommodations and Meals | day | $300 | 60 | $18,000 |
| Supplies | ls | $15,000 | 1 | $15,000 |
| Metallurgical testing | ls | $50,000 | 1 | $50,000 |
| Transportation Road | km | $1 | 10,000 | $6,000 |
| Data Compilation | days | $650 | 10 | $6,500 |
| Report Writing | days | $650 | 15 | $9,750 |
| Project Management | days | $650 | 15 | $9,750 |
| Sub Total | $360,500 | |||
| Contingency10% | $36,050 | |||
| Total Phase 2 Budget | $396,550 |
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27.0 REFERENCES
Archibald, D.A., Glover, J.K., Price, R.A., Farrar, E. and Carmichael, D.M., 1983, Geochron3logy and tectonic implications of magmatism and metamorphism, southern Kootenay Arc and neighboring regions, southeastern British Columbia. Part I: Jurassic to mid-Cretaceous. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 20, pp. 1821-1913.
Bancroft, M.F., 1917, Southern Lardeau, Slocan district, British Columbia. Canada Department of Mines, Geological Survey Summary Report 1916, part B, pp. 35-41.
Cairnes, C.E., 1929, Geological reconnaissance in Slocan and Upper Arrow lakes area, Kootenay District, British Columbia; Geological Survey of Canada, Summary Report, 1928, Part A, pp. 94A108A.
Cairnes C. E., 1934: Slocan Mining Camp, British Columbia; Geol. Sur. Can. Mem. 173, 137p https://doi.org/10.4095/100805 (Open Access)
Douglas, R. J. W., Gabrielse, H., Wheeler, J. O., Stott, D. F., and Belyea, H. R., 1970, Chapter VII: Geology of western Canada, in Douglas, R. J. W., ed., Geology and economic minerals of Canada: Geological Survey of Canada Economic Geology Report No. 1, p. 367– 488
Fyles, J.T., 1964, Geology of the Duncan Lake area, Lardeau District, British Columbia; British Columbia Department of Mines and Petroleum Resources, Bulletin 49, 87p.
Fyles, J.T., 1967, Geology of the Ainsworth-Kaslo area, British Columbia; British Columbia Department of Mines and Petroleum Resources, Bulletin 53, 125p.
Hedley, M.S., 1945, Geology of the Whitewater and Lucky Jim mine areas; British Columbia Department of Mines, bulletin 22, 54p.
Hedley, M.S., 1952, Geology and ore deposits of the Sandon Area, Slocan Mining Camp, British Columbia; British Columbia Department of Mines Bulletin no. 29, 130 p.
Hoik J. G. and Taylor H.P., Jr.: 180/,60 Evidence for Contrasting Hydrothermal Regimes Involving Magmatic and Meteoric-Hydrothermal Waters at the Valhalla Metamorphic Core Complex, British Columbia, in Economic Geology; September-October; v. 102; no. 6; p. 1063-1078.
Klepacki, D. W. 1983: Stratigraphic and structural relations of the Milford, Kaslo and Slocan groups, Roseberry Quadrangle, Lardeau map area, British Columbia’ Current Research, Part A, Geological Survey of Canada, Paper 83-1 A, p. 229-233. British Columbia'
Klepacki, D.W., & Wheeler, J.O.1985: Stratigraphic and Structural relations o f the Milford, Kaslo & Slocan Groups, Goat Range, Lardeau and Nelson Map Areas; Geological Survey o f Canada, Paper 85-1A, p. 277-286.
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Klepacki, D.W., Read, P.B., & Wheeler, J.O.1985: Geology of the Headwaters of Wilson Creek, Lardeau Map Area, Southeast B.C.; Geological Survey o f Canada, Paper 85-1A, p. 273-276.
Klepacki, D. W., 1985: Stratigraphy and structural geology of the Goat Range, British Columbia'.; Unpub. Ph. D. dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Maconachie, R.J. 1940: Lode gold deposits, Upper Lemon Creek area and Lyle.Creek: -Whitewater Creek area, Kootenay Distinct; British Columbia Department of Mines, Bulletin 7, 50 p.
Read, P.B. and Wheeler, J.O. 1976: Geology, Lardeau west-half, British Columbia' Geological Survey of Canada, Open File Map 432
Roberts, G .E 1987: Ore Deposit Models #1 Archean Lode Gold Deposits; Geoscience Canada Vol. 14, No. 1, p. 37-52.
Wheeler, J.O., 1968, Lardeau (west half) map-area, British Columbia(82K) (west half)); in Report of activities for 1967, Geological Survey of Canada, Paper 68-1, Part A, pp. 56-57.
Assessment Reports
Aussant, C, H., 1989: Geological and Geochemical report on the Lyle and Whitewater Group Claims, Slocan Mining Division, Kaslo B.C. Prepared for Prolific Resources LTD., Assessment Report 19475.
Goldsmith, L.B., 1987: Reconnaissance Geology and Rock Geochemistry on Jardine Mineral Claims, Slocan Mining Division, Kaslo B.C. Prepared for Keloil Resources Corporation., Assessment Report 13427.
McArthur, G. F., McLaughlin, A. D., Girling W. B., 1987: Geological, Geochemical, Geophysical report on the Lyle and Whitewater Group Claims, Slocan Mining Division, Kaslo B.C. Prepared for Abermin Corporation, Assessment Report 16758.
MacNeill, A. D., 1973: Geology report on Lease M346, Slocan Mining Division, B.C. Prepared for Pan Ocean Oil Ltd., Assessment Report 4126.
Paul Brown, 1979: Soil Geochemistry, on Whitewater 1, 2 and Claims, Slocan Mining Division, B.C. Prepared for Amoco Canada Petroleum Company Ltd., Assessment Report 7835.
Paul, K., Norman, C. D.,1984: Reconnaissance Geological and Geochemical Investigation on Olympus Mineral Claims, Slocan Mining Division, Kaslo B.C. Prepared for Helena Resources Ltd., Assessment Report 12167.
Paul, K., Norman, C. D.,1984: Reconnaissance Geological and Geochemical Investigation on Olympus Mineral Claims, Slocan Mining Division, Kaslo B.C. Prepared for Helena Resources Ltd., Assessment Report 12167.
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Parrish, R.R., and Wheeler, J.0., 1983, A U-Pb zircon age from the Kuskanax batholith, southeastern British Columbia; Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 20, pp. 1751-1756.
Read, P.B.; Wheeler, J.O. (1976): Geology, Lardeau West Half, B.C.; Geol. Surv.Cda., Open File Map 432.
Trimble, R. J., MacNeill, A. D., 1972: Geological, Geophysical report on Whitewater Claims, Slocan Mining Division, B.C. Prepared for Hi-Ridge Resources Ltd., Assessment Report 3926.
Visagie, D.,1980: Soil Geochemistry, on Lyle Group Claims, Slocan Mining Division, B.C. Prepared for Amoco Canada Petroleum Company Ltd., Assessment Report 8529.
Visagie, D.,1980: Drilling Report, on Whitewater Group Claims, Slocan Mining Division, B.C. Prepared for Amoco Canada Petroleum Company Ltd., Assessment Report 9060.
Web Sites
https://www.mindat.org/loc-24158.html
https://minfile.gov.bc.ca/
https://www.mtonline.gov.bc.ca/mtov/map/mto/cwm.jsp?site=mem_mto_min-view-title https://www.mtonline.gov.bc.ca/mtov/searchTenures.do
https://www.eldoradoweather.com/canada/climate2/Kaslo.html
https://www.google.com/maps/@50.0468937,117.1880011,12.5z/data=!5m1!1e4
.https://minfile.gov.bc.ca/Summary.aspx?minfilno=082KSW033
https://minfile.gov.bc.ca/Summary.aspx?minfilno=082KSW033
https://klondikesilver.com/projects/silvana-silver-mile/
http://magnumgoldcorp.com/
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28.0 SIGNATURE PAGE
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Muzaffer Sultan, Ph.D., P. Geo. 9059 153 St, Surrey, BC V3R 0E5 Canada Dated: April 24, 2020 Effective Date: April 24, 2021
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29.0 CERTIFICATE OF AUTHOR
I, Muzaffer Sultan, P.Geo., as an author of this report entitled “NI 43-101 Technical Report on the Whitewater Property, Slocan Mining Division, Kaslo, British Columbia, Canada, do hereby certify that:
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I am an independent consulting geologist.
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This certificate applies to the current report entitled “NI 43-101 Technical Report on the Whitewater Property, Slocan Mining Division, Kaslo, British Columbia, Canada”, with and effective date of October 05, 2020.
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I hold a Ph.D. from the University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA.
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I am a member (Professional Geoscientist, Licence No. 34690) of the Engineers and Geoscientists of British Columbia (EGBC).
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I have worked as a geologist for over 43 years since my graduation from university. I have broad experience in mineral exploration and evaluation for base metals, gold, silver, iron and titanium, lithium and rare earths and coal. From 1973 to 1988, I worked with the geological survey of Pakistan as an exploration geologist. The exploration work included the study of sulphide mineralization in the Saindak and Maran areas of Balochistan, Pakistan. The work was conducted in 1973 and from 1980 to 1982. The Saindak project proved a mineable copper-gold project, and mining at Saindak continues to date. These projects provided me with sufficient experience to work with sulphide mineralization, including gold, exploration projects going forward. I also possess nine-year experience in oil and gas investigations.
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I certify that by reason of my education, affiliation with a professional association, and past relevant work experience, having written numerous published and private geological reports and technical papers, that I am qualified as a Qualified Person as defined by Canadian National Instrument 43-101 .
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I visited the property on August 24- 28, 2020, and I am the author of this report. No exploration work has been done on the Property since my last visit.
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I am responsible for all items of this report.
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I am independent of Traction Exploration Inc., as that term is defined in Section 1.5 of NI 43-101. I do not own any securities of Traction Exploration Inc.
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I have no prior involvement with the Whitewater Gold Property other than as disclosed in item 7 of this certificate.
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I have read National Instrument 43-101 (“NI 43-101”), and the Technical Report has been prepared in compliance with NI 43-101, and Form 43-101F1.
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As at the date of this certificate, to the best of my knowledge, information, and belief the technical report contains all scientific and technical information that is required to be disclosed to make the technical report not misleading.
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Muzaffer Sultan, Ph.D., P. Geo. 9059 153 St, Surrey, BC V3R 0E5 Canada Dated: April 24, 2021 Report Effective Date: April 24, 2021
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