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TIVAN LIMITED — Capital/Financing Update 2025
Jan 20, 2025
65967_rns_2025-01-20_89f6ee98-3869-4283-b5bb-4ad9377f1469.pdf
Capital/Financing Update
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21 January 2025
Tivan achieves high-purity vanadium specification at Speewah
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Tivan has completed a salt roast testwork program for the Speewah Vanadium Project that successfully produced high-purity vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) with a grade of 99.86% V2O5 without the use of solvent extraction.
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The testwork program was announced in February 2024 and was designed to evaluate the commercial viability of development pathway from Speewah ore to vanadium flow batteries (“VFB”).
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The V2O5 produced is being used for vanadium electrolyte (“VE”) preparation and testing at the University of New South Wales specifically targeting achievement of the VE specifications of Sumitomo Electric Industries. These results are expected in Q1.
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Tivan continues to progress its assessment of two vanadium processing technology pathways: TIVAN+ in strategic partnership with CSIRO and a conventional salt roast processing flowsheet.
The Board of Tivan Limited (ASX: TVN) (“Tivan” or the “Company”) is pleased to provide an update on the vanadium electrolyte testwork program being undertaken for the Speewah Vanadium Project (“Speewah”) in Western Australia. This forms part of an assessment of two separate vanadium processing technology pathways under consideration for Speewah: the TIVAN+ processing technology in strategic partnership with CSIRO and a conventional salt roast processing flowsheet (see ASX announcement of 27 September 2024).
As previously announced, excellent preliminary testwork results had been achieved for both the TIVAN+ and salt roast technology pathways, providing Tivan with significant development optionality (see ASX announcements of 30 May 2024, 19 June 2024; 27 September 2024).
For the conventional salt roast pathway, Tivan has completed a testwork program that included desilication trials, purification trials and a set of bulk trials for the flowsheet from concentrate through to vanadium pentoxide production.
The testwork program was highly successful, producing high-purity V2O5 with a grade of 99.86% V2O5 without the use of solvent extraction. The V2O5 is suitable for the next phase of testwork targeting production of high-purity VE at the specifications provided by Sumitomo Electric Industries (“SEI”), a Japanese manufacturer of large-scale, long-life vanadium flow batteries (see ASX announcement of 28 February 2024).
Vanadium Electrolyte Program Development
The VE development program comprised of a set of sighter tests designed to assess the amenability of preparing a VE sample that meets the SEI specification, using the traditional salt roast method for vanadium extraction from Speewah vanadium titanomagnetite (“VTM”) ore.
The technical highlights from the program are as follows:
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Desilication
Desilication trials were designed to investigate a broad range of conditions across a number of tests with a focus on the impact of reagent dosing, pH and temperature. The outcomes from the desilication work were positive, demonstrating that there are parameters that will be suitable to prepare either a standard (98.5% V2O5) vanadium pentoxide product or a high purity >99.5% V2O5 product.
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99% Si removal and <2% vanadium loss to prepare a solution better suited to preparation of a standard grade V2O5
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99% Si removal and ~5-10% vanadium loss to prepare a solution better suited to preparation of a high-purity V2O5 product
Purification
The purification trials were preliminary tests to investigate two methods for upgrading the vanadium bearing solution prior to ammonium metavanadate (“AMV”) calcination. AMV calcination is the standard industry process for preparing vanadium pentoxide. Solvent extraction shake tests were performed for three solvents for a range of processing parameters. The solvent extraction trials identified a promising solvent that could be utilised for future flowsheet development. Due to additional costs, solvent extraction is not Tivan’s preferred method for purification of the vanadium solution and the need for development will be assessed before commissioning any future work programs.
The alternative tested purification flowsheet is simpler than a solvent extraction flowsheet, utilising precipitation reactions to purify and separate out a higher quality AMV product. These tests were very successful, preparing high purity AMV products at ~4% vanadium loss. This was selected as the preferred method for the bulk V2O5 preparation trials (see below).
Bulk Trial
~35 kg of Speewah VTM concentrate (2.44% V2O5) was processed from salt roasting through to AMV calcination, to prepare a V2O5 sample for VE testing. The testwork program was executed at ALS Balcatta utilising bulk batch conditions for each unit process.
The final vanadium pentoxide product has met the high purity target, achieving a grade of 99.86% V2O5.The high purity product is considered suitable for VE testing.
| Process Area | Vanadium Recoveries |
|---|---|
| Salt Roasting | 96.6% |
| Desilication | 93.7% |
| Purification/AMV Precipitation | 93.1% |
| Total Recovery | 84.2% |
Table 1: Bulk testwork recoveries summary
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Image 1: Bulk desilication trial at ALS
The full vanadium pentoxide sample analysis included a 66-element suite (excluding vanadium), the assay data is summarised in Table 3 below.
| Element | Unit | V2O5 Sample |
|---|---|---|
| Al | % | 0.05 |
| As | ppm | 0.25 |
| Fe | ppm | 10.4 |
| Ti | ppm | 0.31 |
| Mg | ppm | 1.07 |
| Ca | ppm | 7.02 |
| Cu | ppm | 0.18 |
| Cr | ppm | 3.91 |
| Si | ppm | 91.6 |
| K | ppm | 1.30 |
| Na | ppm | 4.15 |
| S | ppm | 64.9 |
| Sb | ppm | 65.8 |
| P | ppm | 2.63 |
| V2O5 (calculated – oxide basis) | % | 99.86 |
Table 2: Vanadium pentoxide analysis
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Summary
A goal of the program was to produce the high-purity V2O5 sample without the use of solvent extraction to simplify the flowsheet and reduce potential project costs. The alternative purification process trialled in this program met this goal and is a suitable processing solution as demonstrated by the outstanding vanadium pentoxide product grade.
The bulk testwork conditions for the desilication and purification areas were based on preliminary un-optimised batch conditions. Future testwork will include optimisation of processing parameters to target increased overall vanadium yield. Furthermore, in engineering studies, the viability of industry standard salt roasting flowsheet recycle streams will be investigated to improve the total plant recovery.
Refer to Appendix 1 for desilication and purification results.
Next Steps
The program has successfully achieved the target high-purity vanadium pentoxide specification, and the sample is now being used for VE preparation and testing. This program has commenced at UNSW and is expected to be completed in Q1. Tivan will provide an update on the final outcomes of the program following completion.
As previously announced, since the publication of the CSIRO TIVAN+ testwork results in May 2024, Tivan has received significant third-party interest in the technology, including from VTM resource owners in Australia and overseas (see ASX announcement of 27 September 2024). Tivan continues to advance opportunities for collaboration in conjunction with CSIRO and expects to provide a status update in Q1. Tivan notes that while there is significant third-party interest in the TIVAN+ technology, there is no guarantee or certainty that a commercial arrangement or sublicensing agreement will eventuate.
Tivan Executive Chairman Mr Grant Wilson commented:
“The outstanding testwork results achieved by Tivan’s process engineering team confirm Speewah’s status as Australia’s premier VTM resource and the technical viability of the pathway to supply vanadium flow batteries at scale. Speewah’s comparative advantages include high vanadium in concentrate grade, low strip ratio, close proximity to port and vast size. In addition, the Speewah Fluorite Project will introduce enabling infrastructure to the site location, further reducing project costs and establishing a durable social licence to operate in the East Kimberley region.
While the commercial pathway to develop a vanadium project in Australia remains challenging, the testwork results and our rapid progress with the Speewah Fluorite Project, put Tivan in poll position. We will continue to advance the project development pathway, ensuring that the Speewah Vanadium Project contributes to Tivan’s sum of parts valuation and in support of the development of long-duration energy storage capabilities across northern Australia.”
This announcement has been approved by the Board of the Company.
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Inquiries:
Nicholas Ong
Company Secretary: + 61 8 9486 4036 Email: [email protected]
Elena Madden
True North Strategic Communication (Darwin): + 61 8 8981 6445 Email: [email protected] Ends
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Competent Person’s Statement
Tivan’s exploration activities, including for the Speewah Project, are being overseen by Mr Stephen Walsh (BSc). The information that relates to exploration results in this announcement is based on and fairly represents information and supporting documentation prepared and compiled by Mr Walsh, a Competent Person, who is the Chief Geologist and an employee of Tivan, and a member of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (AusIMM). Mr Walsh has sufficient experience of relevance to the styles of mineralisation and the types of deposits under consideration, and to the activities undertaken, to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the Joint Ore Reserves Committee (JORC) Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results. Mr Walsh consents to the inclusion in this announcement of the matters based on information compiled by him in the form and context which it appears.
The information in this announcement that relates to exploration results for the Speewah Project (TIVAN+ testwork program) has been extracted from the Company’s previous ASX announcements entitled "Tivan & CSIRO successfully complete TIVAN+ Testwork Program" dated 30 May 2024 and “Update on Vanadium Electrolyte Testwork Program” dated 19 June 2024. Copies of these announcements are available at www.asx.com.au or www.tivan.com.au/investors/asx-announcements/. The Company confirms that it is not aware of any new information or data that materially affects the information included in those announcements. Tivan confirms that the form and context in which the Competent Person's findings are presented have not been materially modified from those announcements.
Forward looking statement
This announcement contains certain “forward-looking statements” and comments about future matters. Forwardlooking statements can generally be identified by the use of forward-looking words such as, “expect”, “anticipate”, “likely”, “intend”, “should”, “estimate”, “target”, “outlook”, and other similar expressions and include, but are not limited to, the timing, outcome and effects of the future studies, project development and other work. Indications of, and guidance or outlook on, future earnings, financial position, performance of the Company or global markets for relevant commodities are also forward-looking statements. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. Any such statements, opinions and estimates in this announcement speak only as of the date hereof, are preliminary views and are based on assumptions and contingencies subject to change without notice. Forward-looking statements are provided as a general guide only. There can be no assurance that actual outcomes will not differ materially from these forward-looking statements. Any such forward looking statement also inherently involves known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors and may involve significant elements of subjective judgement and assumptions that may cause actual results, performance and achievements to differ. Except as required by law the Company undertakes no obligation to finalise, check, supplement, revise or update forward-looking statements in the future, regardless of whether new information, future events or results or other factors affect the information contained in this announcement.
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Appendix 1 - Desilication and Purification Results
Table 3: Desilication Results
| Trial | Vanadium Loss (%) | Silica Precipitation (%) |
|---|---|---|
| HY18778 | 0.2 | 99.1 |
| HY18779 | 0.4 | 99.9 |
| HY18780 | 0.9 | 99.2 |
| HY18781 | 4.7 | 99.9 |
| HY18958 | 0.2 | 99.1 |
| HY18959 | 1.8 | 99.8 |
| HY19020 | 9.0 | 99.7 |
Table 4: Purification Results
| Trial | Vanadium Recovery (%) |
|---|---|
| Trial 1 | 65.4 |
| Trial 2 | 96.3 |
| Trial 3 | 95.4 |
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JORC Code, 2012 Edition - Table 1 Report
| SECTION 1 SAMPLING TECHNIQUES AND DATA | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Criteria | **JORC Code explanation ** | Commentary | ||
| Sampling techniques | • | Nature and quality of sampling (eg cut channels, random chips, | • | The metallurgical testwork program was |
| or specific specialised industry standard measurement tools | completed on a titanomagnetite | |||
| appropriate to the minerals under investigation, such as down | concentrate sample received in the | |||
| hole gamma sondes, or handheld XRF instruments, etc). These | Speewah Project acquisition from King | |||
| examples should not be taken as limiting the broad meaning of | River Resources Limited (“KRR”). | |||
| sampling. | • | The sample used is a p80 45 micron | ||
| • | Include reference to measures taken to ensure sample | high grade concentrate that assayed | ||
| representivity and the appropriate calibration of any | 2.44% V2O5produced from a RC chips | |||
| measurement tools or systems used. | sample by magnetic separation | |||
| • | Aspects of the determination of mineralisation that are Material | methods in 2011. | ||
| to the Public Report. | ||||
| • | In cases where ‘industry standard’ work has been done this | |||
| would be relatively simple (eg ‘reverse circulation drilling was | ||||
| used to obtain 1 m samples from which 3 kg was pulverised to | ||||
| produce a 30 g charge for fire assay’). In other cases more | ||||
| explanation may be required, such as where there is coarse | ||||
| gold that has inherent sampling problems. Unusual | ||||
| commodities or mineralisation types (eg submarine nodules) | ||||
| may warrant disclosure of detailed information. | ||||
| Drilling techniques | • | Drill type (eg core, reverse circulation, open-hole hammer, | • | No new drilling was completed in |
| rotary air blast, auger, Bangka, sonic, etc) and details (eg core | preparation for the testwork reported in | |||
| diameter, triple or standard tube, depth of diamond tails, face- | this announcement. | |||
| sampling bit or other type, whether core is oriented and if so, by | • | The testwork described in this | ||
| what method, etc). | announcement was completed on | |||
| titanomagnetite concentrate derived | ||||
| from RC drilling with a face-sampling | ||||
| bit. | ||||
| Drill sample recovery | • | Method of recording and assessing core and chip sample | • | RC chip samples from every 1 metre |
| recoveries and results assessed. | drilled interval were sampled and | |||
| • | Measures taken to maximise sample recovery and ensure | composited. The host gabbro is fresh | ||
| representative nature of the samples. | from near surface and sample recovery | |||
| • | Whether a relationship exists between sample recovery and | into RC bags was high. | ||
| grade and whether sample bias may have occurred due to | • | No relationship between grade and | ||
| preferential loss/gainof fine/coarse material. | recoveryhas been identified. | |||
| Logging | • | Whether core and chip samples have been geologically and | • | RC drill 1 metre intervals logged 100% |
| geotechnically logged to a level of detail to support appropriate | from surface to end-of-hole. | |||
| Mineral Resource estimation, mining studies and metallurgical | ||||
| studies. | ||||
| • | Whether logging is qualitative or quantitative in nature. Core (or | |||
| costean, channel, etc) photography. | ||||
| • | The total length and percentage of the relevant intersections | |||
| _logged. _ | ||||
| Sub-sampling | • | If core, whether cut or sawn and whether quarter, half or all | • | RC bags were re-sampled to collect a 6 |
| techniques and sample | core taken. | tonne composite sample for testwork. | ||
| preparation | • | If non-core, whether riffled, tube sampled, rotary split, etc and | • | The average grade of the 6 tonne |
| whether sampled wet or dry. | sample compares with the drill assayed | |||
| • | For all sample types, the nature, quality and appropriateness of | intervals for the HG zone. | ||
| the sample preparation technique. | • | Subsampling was performed during the | ||
| • | Quality control procedures adopted for all sub-sampling stages | preparation stage according to the | ||
| to maximize representivity of samples. | metallurgical laboratories’ internal | |||
| • | Measures taken to ensure that the sampling is representative | protocol. | ||
| of the in situ material collected, including for instance results for | • | RC chips from every 1 metre interval | ||
| field duplicate/second-half sampling. | were sampled and composited. The | |||
| final composited grade compares | ||||
| favourablywiththe averageV,Tiand |
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| • | Whether sample sizes are appropriate to the grain size of the | Fe grades from the drill assays for the | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| material being sampled. | HG zones of the vanadium deposit. | |||
| • | Sample sizes were considered | |||
| appropriate to the grain size of the | ||||
| materialbeing sampled. | ||||
| Quality of assay data | • | The nature, quality and appropriateness of the assaying and | For | the testwork program reported in this |
| and laboratory tests | laboratory procedures used and whether the technique is | announcement: | ||
| considered partial or total. | • | Solid sample analyses in the program | ||
| • | For geophysical tools, spectrometers, handheld XRF | were conducted by X-Ray | ||
| instruments, etc, the parameters used in determining the | Fluorescence (“XRF”) at ALS Global | |||
| analysis including instrument make and model, reading times, | • | AMV analyses in the program were | ||
| calibrations factors applied and their derivation, etc. | conducted by ICP at ALS Global | |||
| • | Nature of quality control procedures adopted (eg standards, | • | Vanadium pentoxide analysis | |
| blanks, duplicates, external laboratory checks) and whether | performed by Labwest Minerals | |||
| acceptable levels of accuracy (ie lack of bias) and precision | Analysis | |||
| have been established. | • | Standards, blanks and duplicates were | ||
| utilised as per each respective | ||||
| laboratories standard QAQC | ||||
| procedures. | ||||
| Verification of sampling | • | The verification of significant intersections by either | • | Significant drill intersections have been |
| and assaying | independent or alternative company personnel. | verified by alternative company | ||
| • | The use of twinned holes. | personnel. | ||
| • | Documentation of primary data, data entry procedures, data | • | Data is incorporated into a digital | |
| verification, data storage (physical and electronic) protocols. | database, assays from laboratories | |||
| • | Discuss any adjustment to assay data. | received in a digital format. | ||
| • | No adjustments or calibrations made to | |||
| primary assay data collected for the | ||||
| purpose of reporting assay grades and | ||||
| mineralizedintervals. | ||||
| Location of data points | • | Accuracy and quality of surveys used to locate drill holes (collar | • | Almost 90% of the collars used in the |
| and down-hole surveys), trenches, mine workings and other | resource estimate were surveyed using | |||
| locations used in Mineral Resource estimation. | a differential global positioning system | |||
| • | Specification of the grid system used. | instrument, with the remaining surveyed | ||
| • | Quality and adequacy of topographic control. | using a hand-held GPS. Downhole | ||
| deviations were measured by downhole | ||||
| survey instruments on 3 holes only | ||||
| using a Globaltech Pathfinder digital | ||||
| downhole camera. All but four holes are | ||||
| vertical. All metallurgical holes are | ||||
| vertical. The vertical and shallow nature | ||||
| of the drilling means that the absence | ||||
| of downhole surveys is not considered | ||||
| a material risk. | ||||
| • | The adopted grid system is GDA 94 | |||
| Zone 52. | ||||
| Data spacing and | • | Data spacing for reporting of Exploration Results. | • | RC drill spacing is mostly 250 m by 250 |
| distribution | • | Whether the data spacing and distribution is sufficient to | m in the deposit, closing down to 100 m | |
| establish the degree of geological and grade continuity | by 100 m in the Western Area. | |||
| appropriate for the Mineral Resource and Ore Reserve | • | The Competent Person believes the | ||
| estimation procedure(s) and classifications applied. | mineralised domains have sufficient | |||
| • | Whether sample compositing has been applied. | geological and grade continuity to | ||
| support the classification applied to the | ||||
| Mineral Resources given the current | ||||
| drill pattern. | ||||
| • | The RC composite represents the HG | |||
| zone within the magnetite gabbro within | ||||
| the resource envelope. This was | ||||
| considered appropriate giventhe |
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| metallurgical testwork was designed to | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| test the HG zones of mineralisation and | ||||
| it provided for a bulk sample suitable for | ||||
| testwork. | ||||
| Orientation of data in | • | Whether the orientation of sampling achieves unbiased | • | All RC holes are vertical. This allowed |
| relation to geological | sampling of possible structures and the extent to which this is | the holes to intersect the mineralisation | ||
| structure | known, considering the deposit type. | at a high angle as the magnetite gabbro | ||
| • | If the relationship between the drilling orientation and the | has a very shallow dip to the East. | ||
| orientation of key mineralised structures is considered to have | • | The relationship between the drilling | ||
| introduced a sampling bias, this should be assessed and | orientation and the orientation of key | |||
| reported if material. | mineralised structures is not considered | |||
| tohaveintroduced sampling bias. | ||||
| Sample security | • | The measures taken to ensure sample security. | • | The titanomagnetite concentrate stored |
| at Nagrom under job number T687; was | ||||
| transported to a secure site followed by | ||||
| delivery to the metallurgical laboratory | ||||
| by the Company. | ||||
| Audits or reviews | • | The results of any audits or reviews of sampling techniques | • | No external audits have been |
| and data. | completed. | |||
| SECTION 2 REPORTING OF EXPLORATION RESULTS | ||||
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | ||
| Mineral tenement and | • | Type, reference name/number, location and ownership | • | The Speewah Project comprises two |
| land tenure status | including agreements or material issues with third parties such | Exploration Licences (E80/2863, | ||
| as joint ventures, partnerships, overriding royalties, native title | E80/3657), three Mining Leases | |||
| interests, historical sites, wilderness or national park and | (M80/267, M80/268, M80/269) and two | |||
| environmental settings. | Miscellaneous Licences (L80/43, | |||
| • | The security of the tenure held at the time of reporting along | L80/47). The tenements are 100% | ||
| with any known impediments to obtaining a licence to operate | owned by Speewah Mining Pty Ltd (a | |||
| in the area. | wholly owned subsidiary of Tivan | |||
| Limited), and are located over the | ||||
| Speewah Dome, 100 km SW of | ||||
| Kununurra in the East Kimberley. The | ||||
| testwork described in this | ||||
| announcement was on samples | ||||
| collected entirely within E80/2863. The | ||||
| tenements are in good standing and no | ||||
| known impediments exist. | ||||
| Exploration done by | • | Acknowledgment and appraisal of exploration by other parties. | Historical exploration: | |
| other parties | • | All exploration and testwork relevant to | ||
| the preparation of the titanomagnetite | ||||
| concentrate utilised for the testwork | ||||
| described in this announcement was | ||||
| managed by KRR. | ||||
| Geology | • | Deposit type, geological setting, and style of mineralisation. | • | The deposits represent part of a large |
| layered intrusion (the Hart Dolerite), | ||||
| which was intruded c1790 Ma into the | ||||
| Palaeo-Proterozoic sediments and | ||||
| minor volcanics of the 1814 Ma | ||||
| Speewah Group in the East Kimberley | ||||
| Region of Western Australia. The | ||||
| deposits occur within the Speewah | ||||
| Dome, which is an elongated antiform | ||||
| trending N-S. The dome is about 30 km | ||||
| long and attains a maximum width of | ||||
| about 15 km. The Hart Dolerite sill | ||||
| forms the core of the dome. | ||||
| Two distinct types of felsic granophyres | ||||
| (K felsic granophyre and Mafic | ||||
| granophyre) and threemafic gabbros |
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| (pegmatoidal gabbro, magnetite gabbro | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| and felsic gabbro) have been identified | ||||
| in the Hart Dolerite. | ||||
| The vanadium-titanium mineralisation is | ||||
| hosted within a magnetite bearing | ||||
| gabbro unit which is up to 80 m thick. | ||||
| Given the mode of formation, | ||||
| mineralisation displays excellent | ||||
| geological and grade continuity. | ||||
| Exposure is limited and fresh rock | ||||
| either outcrops or is at a shallow depth | ||||
| of a few metres. Ti-V-Fe mineralisation | ||||
| occurs as disseminations of | ||||
| vanadiferous titanomagnetite and | ||||
| ilmenite. | ||||
| The Speewah Project comprises three | ||||
| deposits (Central, Buckman and Red | ||||
| Hill). The reported Mineral Resource | ||||
| lies entirely within fresh magnetite | ||||
| gabbro of the Hart Dolerite sill within | ||||
| the Speewah Dome. The magnetite | ||||
| gabbro unit can be subdivided into an | ||||
| upper low grade zone and a basal high | ||||
| grade zone, based on increasing | ||||
| vanadium tenor (grade) in the | ||||
| magnetite grains towards the base of | ||||
| the unit. | ||||
| Drill hole Information | • | A summary of all information material to the understanding of | • | No new drilling is reported in this |
| the exploration results including a tabulation of the following | release. | |||
| information for all Material drill holes: | • | The hole data is not presented in this | ||
oeasting and northing of the drill hole collar |
announcement. This information is not | |||
oelevation or RL (Reduced Level – elevation above |
considered material as the concentrate | |||
| sea level in metres) of the drill hole collar | was prepared from many holes across | |||
odip and azimuth of the hole |
the deposit. Therefore, the testwork | |||
odown hole length and interception depth |
results for the concentrate can only | |||
ohole length. |
show the generalised response of the | |||
| • | If the exclusion of this information is justified on the basis that | orebody, and not variability due to | ||
| the information is not Material and this exclusion does not | location throughout the orebody. | |||
| detract from the understanding of the report, the Competent | ||||
| _Person should clearly explain why this is the case. _ | ||||
| Data aggregation | • | In reporting Exploration Results, weighting averaging | • | RC chip samples from every 1 metre |
| methods | techniques, maximum and/or minimum grade truncations (eg | drilled interval were sampled and | ||
| cutting of high grades) and cut-off grades are usually Material | composited. The final composited | |||
| and should be stated. | grade compares favourably with the | |||
| • | Where aggregate intercepts incorporate short lengths of high | average V, Ti and Fe grades from the | ||
| grade results and longer lengths of low grade results, the | drill assays average grades for the HG | |||
| procedure used for such aggregation should be stated and | zones of the vanadium deposit. | |||
| some typical examples of such aggregations should be shown | • | Metal equivalent values have not been | ||
| in detail. | used for reporting. | |||
| • | The assumptions used for any reporting of metal equivalent | |||
| values should be clearly stated. | ||||
| Relationship between | • | These relationships are particularly important in the reporting of | • | Due to the very shallow dip of the |
| mineralisation widths | Exploration Results. | mineralisation, the vertical holes | ||
| and intercept lengths | • | If the geometry of the mineralisation with respect to the drill | represent almost the true width of the | |
| hole angle is known, its nature should be reported. | mineralisation. | |||
| • | If it is not known and only the down hole lengths are reported, | |||
| there should be a clear statement to this effect (eg ‘down hole | ||||
| length, true width not known’). |
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| Diagrams | • | Appropriate maps and sections (with scales) and tabulations of | • | No new drilling is reported in this |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| intercepts should be included for any significant discovery | release. | |||
| being reported These should include, but not be limited to a | ||||
| plan view of drill hole collar locations and appropriate sectional | ||||
| views. | ||||
| Balanced reporting | • | Where comprehensive reporting of all Exploration Results is | • | All relevant results have been reported |
| not practicable, representative reporting of both low and high | ||||
| grades and/or widths should be practiced to avoid misleading | ||||
| reporting of Exploration Results. | ||||
| Other substantive | • | Other exploration data, if meaningful and material, should be | • | All relevant data is included in the body |
| exploration data | reported including (but not limited to): geological observations; | of the announcement. | ||
| geophysical survey results; geochemical survey results; bulk | ||||
| samples – size and method of treatment; metallurgical test | ||||
| results; bulk density, groundwater, geotechnical and rock | ||||
| characteristics; potential deleterious or contaminating | ||||
| substances. | ||||
| Further work | • | The nature and scale of planned further work (eg tests for | • | See body of announcement. |
| lateral extensions or depth extensions or large-scale step-out | ||||
| drilling). | ||||
| • | Diagrams clearly highlighting the areas of possible extensions, | |||
| including the main geological interpretations and future drilling | ||||
| areas, provided this information is not commercially sensitive. |
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