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The Ramco Cements Limited Proxy Solicitation & Information Statement 2024

Mar 27, 2024

61039_rns_2024-03-27_590aeae6-6ddd-4459-9015-0d41f7d68190.pdf

Proxy Solicitation & Information Statement

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Corporate Office: Auras Corporate Centre, V Floor, 98-A, Dr. Radhakrishnan Salai, Mylapore, Chennai – 600 004, India. Phone: +91-44 28478666, Fax: +91-44 28478676 Web Site: www.ramcocements.in THE RAMCO CEMENTS LIMITED Corporate Identity Number: L26941TN1957PLC003566

27 March 2024

National Stock Exchange of India Limited, Exchange Plaza, Bandra-Kurla Complex, Bandra (E), Mumbai – 400 051. Symbol : RAMCOCEM BSE Limited, Floor 25, “P.J.Towers”, Dalal Street, Mumbai – 400 001. Scrip Code : 500260

Dear Sirs,

Sub: Notice to Shareholders for the Postal Ballot Notice

Pursuant to Schedule III (A) (12), read with Regulation 30 of SEBI (Listing Obligations and Disclosure Requirements) Regulations, 2015, we send herewith copies of “Notice to Shareholders”, published in the following newspapers on 26.03.2024.

Business Standard [English] (All Editions), Makkal Kural [Tamil] and Trinity Mirror [English] (All Editions)

The Notice is published for the purpose of seeking approval of the members of the Company, by way of a special resolution, via postal ballot through e- voting only, to transact the herein below mentioned business, as set-forth in the Notice dated 19[th] March 2024:

No SPECIAL BUSINESS – SPECIAL RESOLUTION
1. To approve the employee stock option scheme, viz. “THE RAMCO
CEMENTS LIMITED EMPLOYEE STOCK OPTION SCHEME 2024” (TRCL
ESOS 2024) with the aggregate shares underlying the stock option
scheme as 15,00,000(Fifteen lakhs only)equityshares of Rs.1/- each.

Registered Office: “Ramamandiram”, Rajapalayam – 626 117. Tamil Nadu

THE RAMCO CEMENTS LIMITED

Kindly take the same on record.

Thanking you,

Yours faithfully,

For THE RAMCO CEMENTS LIMITED,

KUNJITHAPADHA Digitally signed by KUNJITHAPADHAM M SELVANAYAGAM Date: 2024.03.27 10:57:33 SELVANAYAGAM +05'30'

K.SELVANAYAGAM SECRETARY

Encl : As above

ECONOMY & PUBLIC AFFAIRS 11

CHENNAI | TUESDAY, 26 MARCH 2024

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BJP drops a third of MPs, more women in the fray

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ARCHIS MOHAN New Delhi, 25 March MINING BARON REDDY REJOINS BJP

ntil Sunday evening, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) had U releasedfivelistsofitscandidates forthe2024LokSabhapolls,announcing its contestants on 398 seats. Of these, the BJP has not repeated 94 candidates or nearly a third of those who won in 2019. Of the 398 seats so far, the BJP has fielded 66 women or almost 17 per cent of all the candidates it has announced. This is already more than the number of women the party fielded in the past three Lok Sabha elections. In 2009, 45 of the BJP’s 433 Lok Sabha candidates were women. In 2014, 38 of its 428 candidates were women. In 2019, there were 55 women among its 436 contestants. In 2019, the BJP replaced 99 of its 268 sittingMPs(ofthe282seatsitwonin2014, a few were lost in by-elections over the following five years). A similar number of sitting MPs are expected to be replaced for the 2024 elections, as the BJP is yet to Former Karnataka minister and mining baron G Janardhana Reddy ( right ) on announce candidates for several seats Monday merged his Kalyana Rajya Pragati Paksha (KRPP) with the BJP in the won in 2019. presence of former chief minister B S Yediyurappa. The Gangavati MLA, who is an The party has promised some of these accused in an illegal mining case, had formed the KRPP ahead of the Assembly polls seats to its new allies, such as the Janata last year, snapping his two-decade-old association with the BJP PHOTO: PTI Dal (Secular) in Karnataka and its allies, Jayant Chaudhary-led Rashtriya Lok Dal In Karnataka, the BJP has announced Singh, respectively. (RLD) and Suheldev Bharatiya Samaj 24 candidates. It is yet to announce its The BJP has yet to announce candiParty, in Uttar Pradesh. candidatefortheChitradurgaseat,which dates for three seats each in Rajasthan, its candidate Abbaiah Narayanaswamy, Odisha, and Bengal. It still needs to Coalitionwithallies Union minister of state for announce its candidate for the However, the party is likely to drop its social justice and empowerChandigarh seat, which actor incumbent MPs in others. In Uttar ment, won in 2019. The party Kirron Kher has won on the BJP Pradesh, the BJP has announced candihas also yet to announce canticketin2014and2019.Theparty datesfor63ofthe80seats.Oftheremaindidates for Mandya, where it has said it will support the NCP ing 17, at least half a dozen will go to its supported independent candidate in Lakshadweep. The allies, including two to Apna Dal Sumalatha Ambarish in 2019, NCP has a sitting MP from the (Soneylal). Hassan,whichitlosttoJanata seat. The BJP has yet to announce any Dal (Secular) and Kolar, held BATTLEGROUND The BJP has announced supcandidates for the 13 seats in Punjab, by the BJP’s S Muniswamy. portforthecandidatesofitsally, where it is negotiating a seat-sharing The JD(S) is keen to contest 2024 the National People’s Party, on arrangement with the Shiromani Akali the three seats. Meghalaya’s Tura and Shillong Dal. Punjab will vote in the last phase of seats. It will support the Naga the Lok Sabha elections on June 1. Divisionofseats Peoples’ Front candidate for the Outer The BJP has declared only 23 candiThe BJP has announced 11 candidates in Manipur seat and the Nationalist dates for the 48 seats of Maharashtra, Assam, leaving three for its allies, the Democratic Progressive Party (NDPP) for whereitisworkingoutaseat-sharingforAsomGanaParishadandUnitedPeople’s the lone seat in Nagaland. mula with its allies, the Ajit Pawar-led Party Liberal (UPPL). In the fifth list of 111 candidates that Nationalist Congress Party and Chief It has only announced two candithe BJP released on Sunday evening, it MinisterEknathShinde-ledShivSena.In dates for the five Lok Sabha seats in dropped 23 of its sitting MPs, including 2019,theBJPcontested25ofthe48seats, Jammu and Kashmir. That’s Jammu Meerut MP Rajendra Agarwal, who made with the undivided Shiv Sena, under the and Udhampur, which are its sitting way for actor Arun Govil, Ghaziabad MP leadership of Uddhav Thackeray, seats, where it has again fielded its MPs former Army chief VK Singh, Badayun contesting the remaining 23. Jugal Kishore Sharma and Jitendra MP Sanghamitra Maurya and others.

CongfieldsPrahladGunjal againstOmBirlafromKota

AmidMVAseat-sharingtalks, SharadPawarmeetsUddhav

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The Congress on Monday announced its sixth list of five With consensus eluding Maha Vikas Aghadi (MVA) on an candidatesfortheLokSabhapolls,fieldingPrahladGunjalfrom agreeable seat-sharing formula for Lok Sabha polls, NCP (SP) Kota to take on outgoing Lok Sabha Speaker Om Birla. leader Sharad Pawar on Monday met Shiv Sena (UBT) chief The Congress also fielded Ramchandra Choudhary from Uddhav Thackeray at his residence in suburban Mumbai. Ajmer, Sudarshan Rawat from Rajsamand, Damodar Gurjar Pawar was accompanied by Jayant Patil, who heads the from Bhilwara, and C Robert Bruce from Tirunelveli. Maharashtra unit of the Nationalist Congress Party Gunjal joined the Congress in Jaipur on Thursday in the (Sharadchandra Pawar). Shiv Sena (UBT) MP Sanjay Raut was presence of former chief minister Ashok Gehlot and Rajasthan also present at the meeting held at Matoshree, the private Congress chief Govind Singh Dotasra. Gunjal, a close aide of residence of Thackeray. Notably, the deadline for filing nomformerRajasthanchiefministerVasundharaRaje,wastheMLA inations for the five seats going to polls in the first phase on from Kota North twice earlier but had lost the last Assembly April 19 is just two days away. polls. He is seen as a very vocal leader and with his arrival, the Raut said the Shiv Sena (UBT)’s first list of candidates Congress is expected to benefit in Hadoti region. would be formally declared on March 26. “We will declare With this, the party has declared a total of 190 candidates candidates for 15-16 seats tomorrow (Tuesday),” the Rajya for the seven-phase Lok Sabha polls starting April 19. PTI Sabha MP told reporters in Mumbai. PTI

Aditya Birla Sun Life AMC Limited(Investment Manager for Aditya Birla Sun Life Mutual Fund) Registered O ffice : One World Center, Tower 1, 17th Floor, Jupiter Mills, Senapati Bapat Marg, Elphinstone Road, Mumbai - 400 013. Tel.: 4356 8000. Fax: 4356 8110/8111. CIN: L65991MH1994PLC080811

Record Date for Distribution

NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN THAT the Trustees of Aditya Birla Sun Life Mutual Fund have approved Thursday, March 28, 2024*, as the Record Date for declaration of distribution under the Income Distribution cum Capital Withdrawal (IDCW) option in the following scheme, subject to availability of distributable surplus on the Record Date:

APYaccountsopenedwithout approval: ICSSRsamplestudy

Name of the Scheme Plans/Option Quantum of Distribution
per unit# on face value of
Rs. 10/- per unit
NAV as on
March 22,
2024 (Rs.)
Aditya Birla Sun Life Dynamic Bond Fund
(An open ended dynamic debt scheme
investing across duration. A relatively
high interest rate risk and relatively
high credit risk)
Direct Plan –
Quarterly IDCW
0.1818 10.7855
Regular Plan –
Quarterly IDCW
0.1793 10.6202

SHIVARAJORA LOWEST OF PENSION SLABS New Delhi, 25 March SEES HIGHEST GROWTH

Nearly one of three subscribers who Pensionslabsshareinnewaccountsyearwise(%) dropped out of the central government’s pension scheme for the unorganised ~1,000 ~2,000 ~3,000 ~4,000 ~5,000 sector,theAtalPensionYojana(APY),did FY16 38.6 7.9 5.0 2.3 46.3 so because their accounts were opened FY17 62.7 7.5 3.9 1.6 24.2 without their “explicit” permission, a recent sample study by the Indian FY18 72.2 6.5 3.1 1.3 16.9 Council of Social Science Research FY19 79.1 5.0 2.3 0.9 12.7 (ICSSR) has shown. FY20 84.0 3.9 1.9 0.7 9.5 Bank employees did so without their concurrencetoachieveenrolmenttargets FY21 87.2 3.3 1.4 0.5 7.6 set for them. FY22 89.5 2.5 1.1 0.4 6.5 While 32 per cent of the subscribers dropped out due to the bank opening the FY23 92.1 2.0 0.9 0.3 4.7 APY account without permission, 38 per Cumulative 82.6 3.8 1.9 0.7 11.0 cent did so because they needed money, share and 15 per cent did not have the money In all accounts Source: ICSSR study to run the account. The study by the government think tank is part of a country-wide exerscribersinthelowestofpensionslabshad in the ~1,000 per month pension slab had cise to study 31 central government grown consistently over the years, thus grown from 38.6 per cent in FY16 to 82.6 schemesandpolicyinitiativeslikethePM making the other pension slabs mostly per cent in FY23, while the share of Ujjwala Yojana, PM Awas Yojana, inconsequential. accounts in the highest ~5,000 per Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana, and PM “Initialanalysisanddiscussiononthe month pension slab had gone down from Krishi Sinchai Yojana. field reveal that banking agents are inter46 per cent to 11 per cent over the It surveyed 2,461 respondents in the estedintargetachievementandtherefore same period. Prayagraj division, Uttar Pradesh, to enuopen accounts of individuals without Besides, the study noted higher penmeratetheawarenesslevel,identifyprobtheir explicit permission and they only sion slabs under the scheme should be lems faced by subscribers in terms of gettoknowofitoncetheyrecognisesome introduced because the earliest payouts accessibilityandoperatingAPYaccounts, amount getting debited from their under the APY will commence in 2035, and evaluate causes for them dropping accounts.Sincethecontributionrequired and payouts would be substantially less out of the scheme. A total of 119 subforthisslabislow,itoftengoesunnoticed in present-value terms. scribers of 342 have opted out. and is one of the incentives for bankers “The amount of return is not very The study also found there was a preto open accounts in this slab and comattractive in the eyes of subscribers and ponderance of subscribers in the lowest plete the target,” he added. atthesametimethetimeperiodofreturn slab of ~1,000 because the monthly conUnder the scheme, a subscriber has to is also fixed in terms of payouts, which tribution for it was low and hence they make a monthly contribution of only commence on attainment of 60 years of could pass unnoticed. ~46 for a ~1,000 pension slab at the age of age. This makes the policy inflexible and Tanuj Nandan, who teaches at the 19 years, as compared to ~228 for a less attractive. Hence, there should be Motilal Nehru National Institute of ~5,000 pension. premature payouts and return amounts Technology and is lead author of the The study noted of the APY accounts should be increased by enhancing the study, said the high number of subat national level, the share of accounts premium paid,” the study noted.

The NAV of the scheme, pursuant to pay out of distribution would fall to the extent of payout and statutory levy (if applicable). #As reduced by the amount of applicable statutory levy. *or the immediately following Business Day if that day is a non-business day.

All unitholders whose names appear in the Register of Unitholders / Beneficial owners under the IDCW option of the said scheme as at the close of business hours on the Record Date shall be eligible to receive the distribution so declared.

For Aditya Birla Sun Life AMC Limited (Investment Manager for Aditya Birla Sun Life Mutual Fund) Sd/Date : March 25, 2024 Authorised Signatory Place : Mumbai

Mutual Fund investments are subject to market risks, read all scheme related documents carefully.

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26 3 2024 5

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TUESDAY 26 - 3 - 2024

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Implant to detect & treat digestive tract disease

Single, multi-tasking injection to address flu & COVID

In preparation for the

winter season last year, the Korean Medical Association recommended A team of Northwestern provide real-time insight t h a t p e o p l e w i t h University scientists into the progression of compromised immune has developed the first the disease, as well as systems receive both wireless, implantable detect episodic flareups. the flu and COVID-19 temperature sensor to Sure enough, they vaccines simultaneously. detect inflammatory accomplished both goals The prospect of receiving flareups in patients in their research. shots in both arms may and Prevention Agency influx of acquired T cells with Crohn’s disease. Arun Sharma, whose have been a shock, reports that this variant has become the dominant and the proliferation of innate-like T cells in the The approach offers group led the animal especially for children. strain in Korea, surpassing lungs. long-term, real-time testing, said there is However, there is now a detection rate of 50%. These innate-like T cells monitoring and could enable clinicians to act currently no way for clinicians to quickly exciting news about a multitasking substance While vaccines prove demonstrated a swift and effective against specific comprehensive defense earlier to prevent or limit detect inflammatory capable of preventing viruses, the emergence of against a broad spectrum the permanent damage events, some of which and treating both flu new variants necessitates of pathogens, functioning caused by inflammatory go unnoticed by patients and COVID-19 infections considerable time for as if they were deploying episodes.chronic inflammatory bowel disease that affects the intestines, causes Crohn’s disease is a until the problem becomes so severe that it requires invasive surgery.flareup can be measured “The magnitude of the time, rather than waiting weeks to get a blood analysis, tissue biopsy John Rogers, whose group led the device development, recently communication capability. This tiny, soft device takes the form of a concurrently, and it is gaining momentum.Lee from the Department of Life Sciences and the Professor Seung-Woo the development of corresponding vaccines, leading to potential public health crises as witnessed during the COVID-19 inherent mechanisms.treatment exhibited both therapeutic and preventive effects against COVID-19, Consequently, the digestive issues and can lead to weight loss, with regards to the heat signature,” said Sharma, or fecal analysis. In the meantime, you’re published another paper describing an ultrathin, smooth, round capsule that rests within the GI School of Convergence Science and Technology, pandemic.T o a d d r e s s t h i s influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and others. malnutrition and other co-corresponding author losing valuable minutes soft implant that measures system, without affecting Subin Park and Yujin challenge, there is a Notably, the drug complications. People on the paper and a research regarding tissue damage temperature and perfusion natural physiological Jeong, PhD candidates pressing need for more candidates were not with mild cases are treated with oral medications, associate professor of urology at Northwestern with this inflammatory event.” changes as a way to monitor the health of processes for long-term recordings. The data from the Department of Life Sciences at Pohang b r o a d l y a p p l i c a b l e treatments capable of tailored to a specific virus but demonstrated but these drugs typically University Feinberg Sharma said this strategy transplanted organs. Once show some very unique University of Science and swiftly responding to the universal applicability to fail over time, requiring School of Medicine and of measuring temperature again, the relationship signatures, in the form of Technology (POSTECH), ongoing mutations. major respiratory diseases. approximately 70 per of biomedical engineering fluctuations could also b e t w e e n h e a t a n d perturbations to natural and Dr. Donghoon Choi The research team P r o f e s s o r S e u n g - cent of Crohn’s patients at McCormick School of be useful for patients inflammation was key, circadian cycles, known from NeoImmuneTech explored the potential Woo Lee, leading the to undergo at least Engineering. “Is it so with ulcerative colitis, as excess inflammation as ultradian rhythms, (CEO Sehwan Yang) application of the longstudy, stated, “Through one surgery to remove extensive that it’s going another inflammatory around the transplanted as early indications of collaborated with the acting recombinant collaborative study portions of damaged to cause tissue damage bowel disease, or any organ can offer an early inflammatory responses,” Gyeongbuk Institute for cytokine protein rhIL-7involving industry, intestines. over time? condition where there is warning sign that the new s a i d R o g e r s , c o - Bio Industry and the hyFc (NT-I7; efineptakin academia, and the B e c a u s e h e a t i s “ T h i s c o u l d b e a prolonged inflammatory organ is being rejected corresponding author on International Vaccine alfa), currently undergoing research community, indicative of inflammation, potentially prevented response. In their study, by the patient’s immune the paper. Institute to identify new clinical development as an we have discovered t h e N o r t h w e s t e r n if a clinician has this the researchers used system. T h e s c i e n t i s t s drug candidates for immunotherapy drug. insights to prepare for scientists tested whether information readily at the wireless sensors “To address Crohn’s discovered that the preventing and treating This exploration aimed future respiratory virus a temperature sensor hand and can determine to continuously track disease, we developed ultradian temperature major respiratory viral to assess its suitability pandemics.” He added, resting gently against the what type of therapy temperature fluctuations an ultraminiaturized, rhythms correlate to infections. as a treatment for major “We are committed to intestines of mice with can be given to that for nearly four months. precision temperature cyclic variations in stress In recent times, a global respiratory viruses due to advancing our efforts to Crohn’s disease could person at that moment in Bioelectronics pioneer sensor with wireless levels and inflammatory resurgence of infections its capacity to activate transform the prospect markers in blood, said has been observed, diverse immune cells of a universal treatment, Surabhi Madhvapathy, predominantly linked to a within the respiratory capable of controlling Climate change can spread co-first author from novel variant of COVID-19 tract. co- and serial infections Rogers group who led known as ‘JN.1’. The In experimental settings, of respiratory viruses and the sensor engineering. Korean Disease Control the protein triggered the bacteria, into a reality.”

Climate change can spread infectious diseases: Experts

A team of infectious is going up and with it, diseases experts called the tick-borne diseases.” New study on antibiotic for more awareness Another concern is and preparedness in the malaria. The mosquitos resistance develo ment medical field to deal with that transmit the disease A new study shows means that the majority of p the impact of climate are expanding northward, how heteroresistance, a bacteria in a population are change on the spread a climate-induced change. transient resistance common susceptible to antibiotics, of diseases. Their article Changing rain patterns in many bacteria, can but there is also a small raises the alarm about the h a v e l e d t o m o r e act as a precursor to the resistant subgroup that mosquitos and a higher development of antibiotic can grow under antibiotic emergence and spread of harmful pathogens. The disease transmission rate.“As an infectious resistance. According to researchers at Uppsala treatment.These resistant bacteria � � � � � � � � � � ! � � � ! � � � � � � � � " � � � � � ! � � ! � � � � � � � # � $ % ! ! � � � authors also urge the University, this is the first carry more resistance gene ! & ' " ( � � � $ ) � � � $ � ! � * ! � � $ � � + + + + , medical community to help guide diagnoses, Thompson encouraged disease clinician, one of time this link has been copies than the others, - $ + , , ' , ' % . + , , ' , ' update their education and training and take treatment and prevention of infectious diseases,” ppractitioners to maintain h y s i c i a n s a n d the scariest things that happened last summer demonstrated.“Heteroresistance is which also result in slower growth. 2 3 & / , * � & � # 0 � - � 3� ! � + � � + 4 # � � ! � 5 6 1 � � 7 � � � � ! � 8 8 � 8 � � � ! ! � � � � � � steps to combat global said lead author George “ a h i g h i n d e x o f was the locally acquired common and we have In a comprehensive study, 9 : ; < = > : ? @ : A ; B C D B C C : ; warming.“ C l i n i c i a n s n e e d R. Thompson, a professor at the UC Davis School suspicion of diseases on the move”. “I think cases of malaria. We saw cases in Texas and Florida and then shown that it occurs for at least ten different classes of antibiotics. In a patient researchers at Uppsala University showed in laboratory studies that � E - � � + � + , � � � ! � F � � � ! � � � � � ! $ � � � � ! ! + , ' , ! � � F � � � / + I G * 2 ! G � 3 � � � $ � � � � � � ! � � 7 � � � � � � � � ! � " " � � � � � � � + � ( � 4 � � � � ! � ! � � H � � � � 8 �� � $ � to be ready to deal with the changes in of Medicine in the Department of Internal with improvements in our understanding of the all the way north in carrying heteroresistant bacteria and undergoing bacteria can acquire new resistance mutations that L M N O P M Q R M O S T � � J � � � � � � H � � � � � ! � + # K the infectious disease landscape. “Learning about the connection between climate change and disease behavior can Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, and the Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology. disease, there will be more testing and we’ll miss fewer cases that way,” he said.be caused by viruses, b a c t e r i a , f u n g i o r Infectious diseases can Maryland, which was really surprising. They happened to people who didn’t travel outside the U.S.,” Phillips said.as plague and hantavirus Zoonotic diseases, such treatment with antibiotics, the mortality rate and risk of requiring transfer to an intensive care unit are higher compared to susceptible bacteria. Therefore, if heteroresistance restore faster growth.heteroresistance can act as a springboard and facilitate the evolution towards stable antibiotic resistance.I“It is possible that we n t h i s w a y , sYgc[sc ^hU Xy VW Z[ h Z bo V c i Y c b X W W d Z b lWe c X WY e b X Zc b W b cZ o k V k e ob X ]Z Z bX k c b _ X Z [ ^ k b fW Z V o k V X o V f \ ] ] ] Z cW Z Z V Y b V \ qk ] Z b k b Z o Z W‚ _ W V ] m X | s ^ m c c W t Y [_ c q WW X b c b o W \\ i ck d k W ZZ Z q Wd X V X ep a c l r W Y p X Z Wb V Y [ k V [ X ]c Y X b [ W c]o Y W V _ X [^ e u oW o l X ] e vZ \ b l cZ Z ] oZc X [ Z] ] kmW b Z V W [d } ] ] k ] Zc kZ cd V Z^ ke X c [ W b X | a k ] cX [k V Y [ X [ eW Y w f c b we ] \ W ZX V W V v Zc X o W k XX VW b \ o x b Z \ [ y b W e Z W b m W x W l c X \ W V XZ V b [ o e ZX ] f ] [ X l [ l Z W W Z X ~ c Z m W ] \ \ ] [ Z]q W Z Z b _ Z V } i ] Z Xb Z Vq bm W d h Z V fi b] X z V o ] WV c f n c f \ m a Z Y f c l s XVV [ W W X { n v[ b \ ]] o W m k Z ]X dV g\ W X ] Z Z V Z \ Y Z b Zn b ] q e [ Y c W c x q l V W ] c W ] V e Z W Z X k o ]o \f l W V Z c Z p Z U dg f s [ ] ] t c f V Z Z u f X ^ c yW c b Vv Y Z \ l m ni X X ZW fZ ] g X [€ bXX V p [ b f W  VY cn b sq p l nt ][ ie X b V b y Y k qk W X ] o h fW n c \Y r V Xi m Zb e ] d p ] j kkq c Y l cu [ci W Z b c c v ] X W omh }[ X Z cZ b b r u X Zqkk [_[ b v m parasites. Many of these diseases are transmitted from animal to human or (carried by rodents), are also showing changes i n i n c i d e n c e a n d is a stepping stone towards resistance, we need to have much better control of its occurrence and are wrong, but we have observed the process in the laboratory and there is no reason to believe that it VccV x ] dbb Z k d ‰ ~ ] l Z m e X Y Z } c X c] Z b Z d Z ^ b d o l c ] Z l c Y Z X Y l l W cc b o y W w ^ [ Z Z l [ Z v Z b m W W ] s x d X e [ b ] Z V l v Z a [ [ W e X \[ l cX [ Zc X V [ ]bW Z e kX Vb [ V Z ]b f k Z [ V m m f ^ f e V _ qW l ] c \ i W Z W \ W h X Z V \ ‚ g Z b ƒ [ „ b s [ W W s X W \ o X ƒ bX Z W e Y Z s lW † e Z t X [ ^ k † V Z W ‡ X X f b b X b ˆ n x c V ‡ u b o X v b _ ^ d l c [ fc X V W b c c b ] k _ Y W W e X Z V g W Vd v b Z m e [ ] Y _ ] c ] [ c Z d oe b W d c c V k ] ] k V b WX Z a ˆ X | c [ Y X W [ l V c V Y W V l f V X VV f ƒ [ b W b e W k \ s \ Z] [ X Z Zc ] v from human to human.One type of infectious location. The experts noted changes in animal effects,” explains Dan I. Andersson, Professor of would not also occur in a patient or an animal. This q Xo [ i Z [ q V o z e v^ Z s t \] [ Wy a V Z X f c o W \ ^ d Z Z V ] [ n [ W c u V l V o ^ ] cd t c l l „ V b ‰ _ W e W s \ c X W ] _ [ V e g V b \ c \ W ] \ Z Z Z } \ a n V V e l W k W X b Z} V ] [f f V u ˆ v b l c _^ W _ m Z W V w m a c W X ] Š _ c  b V ‹ [ f ] c X k g Y c W d _ Z W m \ Y W Z X \ c Z l \ Z q x ] q Z Z b [ X k b V l y ^ e Z c W l X V] V Y w b \ m disease is vector-borne migration patterns and Medical Bacteriology at is an important finding o Z b W X V b Z k g d Z Y X c l e [ X b Z [ [ m c [ [ Z W } f V ] W \ X b W \ Z U V W X Y Z k c W Z k h € Œ  y c ] Y \ diseases. They are caused natural ranges. Due to Uppsala University and in terms of understanding q i q z Ž by pathogens carried by their habitat loss, wild lead researcher behind the how bacteria become   ‘ ’ M “ ” N • – — ˜ M ™ • — š › M œ  ž Ÿ ¡ ¢ £ Ÿ ¤ vectors like mosquitoes, fleas and ticks. Some diseases caused by vectors animals are coming closer to humans. With that comes a higher study.common in many disease-Heteroresistance is resistant to antibiotics,” notes Andersson.He believes that this ¥ ¦ ´¼§ § Ÿ § µ º ¨ ¶ © ¹ ©  œ ª Ÿ · « º ¸  À ¹ ¢ § ¬ º ¾ º  » ¹ ­ ¶ © ¼ ¸ Ÿ ¹ ¶ ® µ »  ¶  § ¸ ¼ ž ¢ ¶ Ÿ ½ ¯ ¾ à ° ¸ Ä Ÿ ¾ à § © Å ¶ ¢ Æ£ Ÿ ¿ ¤ Ç § ž ¶ œ ¯ ¸ ¹ ¬ À ½ ­ ½ ¶º  ¼ ± Á « º ¶ £ ² ¼¶ ³ œ ¼ ž © Ÿ  ¯ ¡ £ ¢ ¨ £ Ÿ ¤ aredengue, malaria and Zika.Changing rain risk of animal diseases spilling over to humans causing bacteria and can lead to reduced efficacy of antibiotic treatment. discovery will lead to more clinical studies and increased diagnostics ŸžÃ ¢ ¤Ä Ÿ à ®¯ ŠȰ È  Ÿ Ð É © ¡ £ ¢ ¢ £ £ ¢¬ Ÿ ® ¤ ž ¢ ¬ ¬ ž  ¨ ¯ ª¬  ¨  ž Ê ­ Ê Ÿ  ª Ï  œ ¨Ê ž ž¨ ³ ¢ Ì  Ì Ñ Í Ò ž ±  Ä ¬ ¨ Ä ¨ ¯ ± ª Ä ¬  Ä ³ ž Ä ¡ Ç ¤ Î Ë £ Ï  ¢  ª  ® ¤ £ ¤ Ê ¨ ° ¢ ¬ ¬  ž patterns are expanding and for new pathogens This particular type of heteroresistance in Ó \ Z n V o d c b _ \ c [ Z b c Z k W \ Z [ Z ] a X Y Z [ V f n Z b W ] c l ˆ Z d V [ X W V ] _ g Z ] a X Y Z [ vectors’ range and their active periods. Shorter, warmer winters and to develop.to the emergence of new The study also pointed of antibiotic resistance microbiological laboratories. VÓs ƒ f \b W Zk \ k X Zc Z v W U c V † X l W [ X o X Y V Z X W f Z  W k \ Z s n d ] V ˆ Y g Z † k v e ] f Z V ] W V d Y ] c V [ a W X k W X \ b Z a V Z W } Z a V f V W X ] b o [ f c d c Y ] X l W X W V _ f W W \V Z W Ô U \ Z V W Z y [ Õ Z [ o Z Y ^ Z W X V] [ b  longer summers are also fungal infections, such Ó \ Z Ö V [ W c l c l l V W Z } a V W X b f c Y X l X W _ w X l l ^ Z c a c X l c ^ l Z k e ] X b W \ Z f V l l V w X b d Z ] X V k Ž linked to more vectoras Candida auris (C. ¹ Ÿ ­ ­  ¤ ¯  ­  ¤ ¢ Ÿ Ï œ  ­ Ÿ ¢  Ä Ø ³ Ä Ä · ¸ Ç ¾ ¼ § È Ÿ ¤ ¼ ¨ ¢ ¡ ª Ë ¨ ® ± ¢ ¬  Ù Ä Ú Û borne diseases. For auris), and changes in the ¶ Ò × Ÿ ¢ £ ¤ Ê ¸ ¨ ª ¯ ¬ Ã Ä Ã Å example, diseases caused location of some fungal ¹ Ÿ ¤ ¯ ¡ ž £ Ÿ ¤ Ÿ Ï œ  ­ Ÿ ¢  ¶ Ò × Ÿ ¢ £ ¤ Ê Ä Í ³ Ä Ä À ¸ Ç ¾ ¼ § È Ÿ ¤ ¼ ¡ ¤ Ë ¨ ® ± ¢ ¬  Ã Ü Ú Û · © ª £ by ticks (like babesiosis pathogens. For example, Ã Ä Ã Å and Lyme disease) are the fungal infection x Z o V W Z Z } a V W X b [ \ c l l b V W ^ Z c l l V w Z k ^ Z _ V b k i ‚  i i Ö y V b g e b k c _ m W \ Z q j Œ  now occurring in the Coccidioides (also known p d ] X l q i q z  winter too. They’re also as Valley fever) was y Z o ^ Z ] [ w \ V \ c a Z b V W e d k c W Z k W \ Z X ] „ } y c X l c k k ] Z [ [ c ] Z ] Z ‰ e Z [ W Z k W V being found in regions endemic to hot, dry w] Z X W \ X [ W W \ Z Z ] X ] W \ ] Z Z [ [ d c Z Y o W Z X a Z X b ˆ ] Z Z [ d V d [ Z Y X W V W ] V _ f Ö W c \ Z ] W X Y [ X \ d c c ] b Z W [ [ c \ Z b k l k X b ^ ] Z [W \ d Z Z o Y W V X b f W Z \ l Z Z Y [ W ] \ V c ]b Z X Y [ f \ V Z ] l o k farther west and north areas in California and X b d \ _ [ X Y c l f V ] o w X W \ W \ Z n V o d c b _  than in the past.“We’re seeing cases Arizona. But Valley fever was recently diagnosed as Z Xy b } Z o ] Z o c l c ^ X l W Z c X V ] k [ b k w W ] V Z \ [ W V [ \ Z Z \ [ c ] Z a w [Z V X W \ lb e V W W W \ X V Z ] Z b n Y c Z V [ X a o [ Z Z d k c W V W b \ e  X W [ ˆ X Z b U V Wd V \ W [X X Y [ Z X W V U k ] V e X Z W Z X Y[ Z m W cV  ] Z b V c b l [ } ] V Z Z X [ b W W ] X W c l Z W k X V W b V V Z f } W a \ V Z W Z X ] of tick-borne diseases in far north as Washington y Z o ^ Z ] [ o c _ b V W Z W \ c W W \ Z U V W X Y Z w X l l c l [ V ^ Z c a c X l c ^ l Z V b W \ Z n V o d c b _ Õ [ January and February,” said first author of the State.Changes in rain patterns and coastal w ^X  Z [ Z Z  ^ m X [ b k X W g Z X c „ c  Y W V w † o w X o w X c W Z  ] b ck k o c w Y b V w k Y w Z U  o b c [ Z W Z X V b WX b [b k c  X l X c b mg  Y V W V V b o Y W Ý \ ] Z Z „ [ Þ w Y d Z Z \ ^ Y c [ W b X Xa W Z Z Z [ l _V V f c f ƒ W b b \ k k Z X c V g b W † V X W Y o \ Ý Z X W Z „ k w Þ Y Z c \ ^ W c [ w b X W Z w Z w V [ f m study Matthew Phillips. Phillips is an infectious d i s e a s e s f e l l o w a t water temperature can also affect the spread of waterborne diseases, such |wnÓ l Z \ Xˆ l lZ k g c ] w l † [Z c V [ X W W e \ ^ w l W W Z [ \ w Z \ V w V f [ [ Z W W W V a Z \ Y V k X [ ÝW X X b Z Ö b Þ V W Y X [ \ b Z W \k c c X n lc b V Y c Z V o l [ o l d V c c W  b b c _ k l Õ V [ n b w ˆ Z g w ^ † [ X W w \X W Z W X W  \ \ Z X b g W Y \ Z ] e [ W X W b c X [W e Z W ] V Õ [ ] _ x W Z X o d Z V l ] X W b Z w [ X l l c ^b Zk Massachusetts General as E. coli and Vibrio. p l l ] X Z a c b Y Z [ Y V b b Z Y W Z k w X W \ W \ Z f c Y X l X W _ f V ] a V W X b ^ _ Z l Z Y W ] V b X Y Hospital and Harvard According to the team, ˆo Z Z c d V b [ [ X W V o ] _ c _ g Z ] ^ a Z X Y Z c [ k s k ƒ ] b Z k [ X c [ Z v k † X o W V X W Z k y m ] p  x c ß Ý Z X b [ \ m ˆ q c ‚ l W a \ X m ‹ l V g V ] ]  m y y c c ] b c c W \ V Z ] b m ‹ n e WZ e b ] W Z ] Þc l m Medical School. “The the sea level is rising, y c f c W l c l y X l l n V o d V e b k [ m U y à V [ \ X y c ] m † V w Z ] Ö c ] Z l s „ c [ W v m y e o ^ c X } tick season is starting and storm surges and z h ji ii ii h q r q V ‚ ] ‚ r o r c  X l Z k W V \ Z l d k Z [ Ý  Z a V W X b á Y k [ l X b k X c  Y V o V ] Y c l l W V l l f ] Z Z b V  earlier and with more coastal flooding that used active ticks in a wider to be rare or extreme â ã ä å æ ç è é ê ë ì ë ç ê ç í å î ï ð ê ð å ç ñ ò range. This means that events are happening ó ô õ ö ÷ ø ë ù ÷ ú ú õ û ü ý î ç ï þ é í é ÿ é � é ê ò the number of tick bites more frequently. ñ õ � ÷ ø � � � � � � � � � � î ç ë è ç å é è ÿ