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SUNSTONE METALS LTD — Investor Presentation 2015
Feb 1, 2015
65870_rns_2015-02-01_31d6959b-3702-48d5-bc32-d0a5828d1f9b.pdf
Investor Presentation
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AVALON MINERALS Ltd.
Investor Presentation
Copper in Sweden - Near Term Development - Growth

January 2015
Avalon Minerals – Disclaimer
Forward-looking Statements
This Presentation includes certain statements that may be deemed "forward-looking statements". All statements in this Presentation, other than statements of historical facts, that address future activities and events or developments that Avalon expects, are forward looking statements. Although Avalon believes the expectations expressed in such forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, such statements are not guarantees of future performance and actual results or developments may differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in forward-looking statements include market prices, continued availability of capital and financing, and general economic, market or business conditions. Investors are cautioned that any such statements are not guarantees of future performance and that actual results or developments may differ materially from those projected in forward-looking statements.
Disclaimer
To the maximum extent permitted by law, no representation, warranty or undertaking, express or implied, is made and, to the maximum extent permitted by law, no responsibility or liability is accepted by Avalon or any of its officers, employees, agents or consultants or any other person as to the adequacy, accuracy, completeness or reasonableness of this Presentation. To the maximum extent permitted by law, no responsibility for any errors or omissions from this Presentation whether arising out of negligence or otherwise is accepted.
This Presentation contains general information about Avalon Minerals Limited (Avalon) which is in the business of exploring for minerals which is a speculative and risky venture. It does not purport to contain all the information that a prospective investor may require. The Presentation should not be considered as an offer or invitation to subscribe for or purchase of any securities in Avalon and no agreement to subscribe for securities will be entered into on the basis of this Presentation. Potential investors should conduct their own investigation and analysis and should check the accuracy, reliability, and completeness of the information provided and obtain independent and specific advice from appropriate professional advisors.

Avalon Minerals – At a Glance
| Ticker | ASX:AVI |
|---|---|
| Share Price (30 dayVWAP)* | $0.025 |
| Shares on Issue | 144,735,608 |
| Market Cap | $3.62mill |
| Cash (31 Dec 2014) | $1,802,000 |
| 52 week trading | $0.02 -$0.15 |
| Broker | Morgans Stockbroking |
| Coverage | Morgans StockbrokingBreakaway Research |
| Corporate Advisory | Viaticus Capital |
* As at 30 January 2015
Top 10 shareholders hold 63% of shares on issue Board and management hold 2%
Substantial shareholders
| NAME | % |
|---|---|
| Tan Sri Abu Sahid Bin Mohamed | 15.45% |
| Phoenix Copper Ltd (ASX:PNX) | 8.64% |
| Dato Lim Heng Suan | 6.84% |
| Tan Sri Datuk Ta Kin Yan | 6.45% |
| Marilei International | 5.16% |
| Valbonne II | 5.14% |

Viscaria Project – At a Glance
A COPPER Project:
- Scoping study in progress and assessing copper-only start up targeting lower CAPEX and higher grade
- Viscaria copper-magnetite project is a robust development scenario based on a 2014 updated Scoping Study, but weakness in iron price dictates a shift in project development strategy
- Metallurgy delivers premium quality products of Cu con (23 26%) and Fe con (~70%) with low impurities
Has UPSIDE OPPORTUNITIES:
- Underground development, commodity focus, by-product credits
- Exploration success at both near mine (within 10km) and belt scales
Non-technical RISK IS LOW:
- 3 Exploitation Concessions approved covering main mineralisation at Viscaria
- Next steps include Environmental Impact Assessment and stakeholder engagement
- Exploration and development in a manageable risk environment in an area of 'National Interest for Minerals', and overlapping with multiple land use areas.
- Very good quality infrastructure

Viscaria Project – At a Glance
As a
- high grade,
- low CAPEX,
- copper only project, with a staged development plan
- with existing high quality infrastructure
- exploration upside
Avalon Minerals is considered to be heavily discounted relative to its peers
(See slide 22 for comparables)

Viscaria Project – Location

Avalon Minerals – Existing Infrastructure
- Town (Kiruna, pop. 20,000; skilled workforce)
- Sealed national highway to mine gate
- Electrified rail (Public Access) to mine gate
- Power (Low Cost; ~8c/kWh) and abundant supply
- Contractors and OEM presence in Kiruna
-
100 year mining heritage
- Local smelter within 350km by rail
- Multiple port location options within 350km by rail



Viscaria Project – Resource Estimate Summary

680,000t or 1.5 Billion lbs Copper 9.1 Million t Recoverable iron
OVERALL RESOURCE 2014 SCOPING STUDY OPEN PIT RESOURCE*
*Represents the portion of the resource captured in open pit shells

16% Measured 51% Indicated 33% Inferred - See Cautionary Statement pg 35
215,000t or 471 Million lbs Copper 6.0 Million t Recoverable iron
HIGHER GRADE SUBSETS OF ESTIMATED RESOURCES COPPER FOCUS
A Zone Open Pit (4mt @ 1.25% Cu; see slide 34)
Outlining A Zone Underground @ 2.5% Cu (see slide 11)
Outlining D Zone Underground @ 1.7% Cu (see slide 13)

Robust 2014 Scoping Study, but …… Maximising shareholder return and weakness in the Fe price dictates review of other options
Now optimising project to deliver
- Lower CAPEX (~$100 mill)
- Higher grade, copper only start-up (range of grades 1.2 2.5% Cu)
- Shorter time frame to production (decision to build 2017)
- Increase leverage to copper (Cu price forecasts positive for >2017)
- Remove link to weak Fe price
- Be expandable
- 'Bolt on' Fe processing when commercially justified

Viscaria Project – Opportunities being investigated
- High grade copper only opportunities exist at A Zone, B Zone and D Zone
- Current timetable has a potential decision to build in 2017
- At A Zone grades in excess of 1.25% Cu in opencut positions (for example see slide 34) and in excess of 2.5% in underground positions are being investigated
- At D Zone grades in excess of 1.7% Cu in underground positions are being investigated
- Assess opportunities for combining material from A, B and D Zones to deliver a combined grade in excess of 1.4% Cu
- Consider combinations of material from A, B and D Zone at Viscaria that may deliver at least 1Mtpa over a period of approximately 10 years
- Focus on initial opportunities at the $80-120mill CAPEX range
- Start small (0.8 1.2Mtpa) and be prepared to expand to scales up to 3.5Mtpa as contemplated in the 2014 Scoping Study
- Assess Cu production opportunities in the range 13,000 to 18,000 tpa
- Advance the oxide copper potential and investigate opportunities for a small heap leach SX-EW component for grades in excess of 1% Cu and exploration potential in excess of 5Mt
- Remove the magnetite concentrate stream that was contemplated in the 2014 Scoping Study from immediate studies. Be prepared to advance these studies and 'bolt this on' at a later stage if commercially viable

Viscaria Project – A Zone long section

Previously mined by Outokumpu – 15 years of production to 1997 – 12.5Mt of 2.3% Cu at 850,000tpa, producing a concentrate of 26% Cu, 2% Zn & 0.5g/t Au (43Mlb (19.5k t) pa Cu metal in concentrate)

Pre-mined endowment of A Zone only is estimated to have been ~40-45Mt @ ~1.5 – 2.5% Cu
Viscaria Project – A Zone – FW and HW copper zones defined

Drill hole VDD0182 completed in December 2014
- To assess the A Zone footwall mineralisation
- to assess the main A Zone orebody
Positive results
- Potential increase in open pit mineral resources
- Supports further drilling
- Potential hanging wall zones; historic holes not assayed
- Will reduce strip ratio

Viscaria Project – D Zone high grade copper sulphide potential

Viscaria Project – D Zone copper oxide potential

Viscaria Project – Metallurgy
- 12 year mining history delivered good quality concentrates
- High quality products
- Low technical risk
- Independent review completed (Ausenco)

Copper
- D Zone copper sulphide mineralisation is chalcopyrite and produces a concentrate with 26% copper and 94% copper recovery;
- A Zone and B Zone mineralised material producing a concentrate with 23% copper and 80% copper recovery;
- A and B Zones mined previously by Outokumpu and delivered high quality concentrate;
Magnetite Concentrate
- High quality, magnetite concentrate with 70% Iron produced with low impurity levels from D Zone
- 1.0% SiO2 , 0.08% Al2 O3 , 0.01% P, 0.004% S, 0.01% Cu
- Product comparable to that of LKAB, Northlands, Northern Iron

Viscaria Project – Copper Price Forecasts
Avalon is targeting production at a higher copper price environment, forecast for post 2017


Source: Glencore Investor Day, December 2014

Viscaria Project – Copper Price Forecasts
Forecast consensus …
Forecast expansions and new supply will not materialise as planned Supply deficit from 2017 Healthy demand from China and US
"The year which is likely to see the heaviest volume of oversupply is 2016, at which time we expect a surplus of 364,000t and an annual cyclical low for the LME 3-month price of $6,358/t. In the medium term, the market is forecast to tighten substantially and we expect a supply gap to open up in 2018 (-105,000t) and to widen sharply in 2019 (-426,000t). Under these conditions, the LME 3-month price is projected to rally strongly to reach $8,221/t." CRU, Oct 2014
"More than half of a $110 billion pipeline of copper and gold mines have been postponed or scrapped because of the commodity slump and higher costs in Chile, which provides a third of the world's copper, according to the country's mining association, known as Sonami. Anglo American and Glencore have delayed a $1 billion expansion at their Collahuasi copper venture, Teck Resources held back its Quebrada Blanca expansion on lower copper prices and Antofagasta has said it will sit out the slowdown in commodities demand before embarking on an expansion to its flagship Los Pelambres mine." Bloomberg, Jan 2015
"Citigroup expects copper to rebound to $7,000 a tonne in the second half of the year (2015) on increasingly positive supply demand fundamentals. Copper will rebound from its lowest level since the financial crisis as demand from construction in China picks up, according to He Jinbi, president of Maike, which invests in mines, trades futures, and is the largest importer of copper cathodes into China." Financial Times, Jan 2015
"On the supply side, the majors have in the last few years focused on cutting costs at existing operations. That's obviously great for their bottom lines today. However, it also means new mines and greenfield developments are being deferred. So by 2017–2018 we will face the consequence of a lack of new supply, which is demand outweighing supply." Hayward Securities, Oct 2014
The global copper industry will need to add the equivalent of a new Escondida mine every 15 months over the next 10 years in order to meet global demand, Rio Tinto's (LON:RIO) copper boss Jean-Sébastien Jacques told FT.com
"Australia's Bureau of Resource and Energy Economics forecast a worldwide surplus of 300,000 tonnes for this year, but both BHP and Rio believe the market will tighten from 2018, with growing deficits." mining.com, Jan 2015
Viscaria Project – The Pipeline – opportunities being investigated
| Scale | Source | Products |
|---|---|---|
| A Zone Open Pit (1.25% Cu) | Cu in concentrate | |
| ~1 mtpa | A Zone Underground (>2.5% Cu) | Cu in concentrate |
| D Zone Underground (>1.7% Cu) | Cu in concentrate | |
| D Zone Copper Oxide | Cucathode | |
| Expansion | ||
| D Zone Open Pit | Cu + Fe | |
| B Zone Open Pit | Cu | |
| 2.5 to 3.5 mtpa | Discovery Zone Open Pit | Cu + Fe |
| D Zone Underground | Cu + Fe | |
| 'Near Mine' Exploration Success | ||
| Nihka | Cu + Fe | |
| West Nukutus | Cu + Fe | |
| Bahpagobba | Cu | |
| L-Tjarn | Cu | |
| Regional Exploration | ||
| Tjarro | Cu | |
| Tjavelk | Cu |
Pipeline
'Bolt on' magnetite concentrate process facility, when commercially viable

Viscaria Project – Belt Scale Exploration Upside

Several targets
Iso Gruvavaara
- Historic workings
- Rock chips up to 1g/t Au and 0.9% Cu
West Nukutus
- Magnetic anomaly of similar magnitude and scale to D Zone
- The closest historic drill hole (150m to the east) intersected up to 0.3% Cu and 0.5g/t Au but did not intersect the magnetic body
Bahpagobba
- EM anomaly along strike of A Zone with good copper intersections from historic drilling
- Best intersections: D2094: 7m @ 1% Cu from 123m; D2470: 1.5m @ 1.8% Cu from 60.5m
D Zone Extensions
- To north and south
- Best historic drill hole VRC0079: 4m @ 0.6% Cu from 49m
Nihka
Strong discrete magnetic anomaly in belt of interest

Background; EM image on satellite imagery
Viscaria Project – Belt Scale Exploration Upside

Viscaria Project – Regional Scale Exploration

21
Viscaria Project – Peer Group Comparison
Viscaria
- LOW Capital Intensity, forecast at 7,500 $/t
- LOW Cost/lb copper production, <$2/lb forecast for copper only project
- × LOW Valuation EV/Resource lb of Copper, very low at <1c/lb
| Company | Code | share price(A$) | shares on issue | Cu Resources (M+I+I) | lbs Cu | M. Cap (A$) | EV | EV/lb Cu inResource | Country | Stage | CapitalIntensity | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avalon Minerals | ASX | AVI | $0.025 | 144,735,608 | 63.86mt @ 1.05% Cu | 1,475,166,000 | $3,618,390 | $2,118,390 | $0.0014 | Sweden | in PFS | 9,000 |
| Intrepid Mines (acquired Blackthorn) | ASX | IAU | $0.130 | 369,869,196 | 34.7mt @ 2.29% Cu | 1,748,186,000 | $48,082,995 | -$23,417,005 | -$0.0134 | Zambia | in DFS | 12,000 |
| Avanco Resources | ASX | AVB | $0.073 | 1,661,675,855 | 63.28mt @ 1.26% Cu, 0.33g/t Au | 1,754,121,600 | $121,302,337 | $101,497,337 | $0.0579 | Brazil | in DFS | 5,833 |
| KGL Resources | ASX | KGL | $0.160 | 140,240,563 | 25.3mt @ 1.1% Cu, 25.8g/t Ag | 612,260,000 | $22,438,490 | $12,650,490 | $0.0207 | Australia | in PFS | 12,000 |
| Altona Mining | ASX | AOH | $0.230 | 534,678,592 | 129.1mt @ 0.53% Cu, 0.1g/t Au | 1,504,800,000 | $122,976,076 | $74,476,076 | $0.0495 | Australia | in DFS | 6,753 |
| Kombat Copper | TSX-V | KBT | $0.050 | 114,782,047 | 1.7mt @ 1.93% Cu, 16g/t Ag | 72,182,000 | $5,739,102 | $3,739,102 | $0.0518 | Namibia | Past Producer | n/a |
| Tintina Resources | TSX-V | TAU | $0.095 | 222,492,510 | 18mt @ 3.3% Cu | 1,173,920,000 | $21,136,788 | $13,736,788 | $0.0117 | US, Montana | PEA completed | |
| Producers | ||||||||||||
| Hillgrove Resources | ASX | HGO | $0.380 | 147,711,123 | [email protected]% Cu, 0.2g/tAu | 537,108,000 | $56,130,227 | $60,330,227 | $0.1123 | Australia | n/a | |
| Straits Resources | ASX | SRQ | $0.003 | 1,217,730,293 | [email protected]% Cu | 907,139,200 | $3,653,191 | $109,653,191 | $0.1209 | Australia | n/a | |
| Rambler Metals and Mining | AIM/TSX | RMM/RAB | $0.360 | 144,168,228 | 20.45mt @ 1.54% Cu, +Au,Ag,Zn | 694,800,000 | $51,900,562 | $43,200,562 | $0.0622 | Canada | n/a |

Viscaria Project – Stakeholder Management
- Proposed development areas are in windows surrounded by multiple land use areas
- The key issues are (1) a strong mining heritage, (2) reindeer herding, (3) Natura 2000, and (4) recreation


Avalon Minerals – Planning to Deliver
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | |
| Stakeholder Engagement | ||||||||||||
| Stakeholder plans, forums, reviews | ||||||||||||
| Studies & Exploration | ||||||||||||
| Drilling; Studies and Exploration | ||||||||||||
| Scoping and Pre-Feasibility Studies | ||||||||||||
| Feasibility Study | DFS | |||||||||||
| Permitting | ||||||||||||
| EIA Preparation | Appln | for Env | Permit (EP) preparation | |||||||||
| EIA Review leading to Approval | EP stakeholder review and approval | construction (1-1.5 yrs) | ||||||||||
| Funding | ||||||||||||
| Drilling and Studies -$8 mill | ||||||||||||
| Drilling and Studies -$7 mill | ||||||||||||
| Discovery Acquisition -$3 mill | ||||||||||||
| Corporate -$2.6 mill ($1.3 mill/yr) |
Target time frames
- Investigating options to shorten timeframe to decision to build
- Construction 2017
- Cu production 2018; expansion potential 2020

Avalon Minerals – Value Growth Drivers
| CURRENT | NEAR TERM (within 12 months) | LONGER TERM (>12 months) |
|---|---|---|
| Manage appropriate funding position | Define optimised pathgoodprogress | Secure Environmental Permit and alldevelopmentapprovals |
| Advance selected studies (high gradetargets,EIA, tailings) | De-risk project through PFS implementation | Secure funding for development |
| Drilling at D and A zones | Complete PFS drilling program | Commence construction |
| Strengthen stakeholder engagement and alignwith development plans | Complete required EIA to allow for fullpermitting | Belt scale exploration success |
| Further reduce non-project costs | Key project enabling agreements in place | New opportunity search |
| Optimisation studies | Secure all required ECsgoodprogress | |
| Fully scope studies (metallurgy, geotechnical,waste, tailings, mining, water, flora-fauna) | Define and test additional exploration targetsat 'near mine' scale (within 15km of plant) | |
| Potential for AIM listing |

AVALON MINERALS Ltd.


January 2015
Avalon Minerals – Appendices

Avalon Minerals – Corporate Re-positioning
New Board and Management
| ChairmanGraham AscoughBSc, PGeo, MAusIMM | Appointed November 2013. Mr.Ascoughis a senior resources executive with more than 23 years of industry experience evaluating mineralprojects and resources in Australia and overseas. He is currently non-executive Chairman of three ASX listed companies: Phoenix Copper Limited,Mithril Resources Limited and Musgrave Minerals Limited. |
|---|---|
| CEO and Managing DirectorMalcolm NorrisMSc, Grad Dip App Fin, FAusIMM | Appointed April 2014. Mr.Norrisis a senior mining industry professional with extensive experience in mineral exploration, business management,development of new business opportunities and asset transactions. His roles have covered a wide range of commodities, geographiclocations andmanagement of global portfolios of projects in both large and small organisations. He led the team which discovered the 2Bt Tujuh Bukitcopper-gold deposit. |
| Non-Executive DirectorCrispin HendersonFCA, FCCA, FCIM | Appointed March 2013. Mr.Hendersonhas more than 45 years of experience in the financial services and fund management sectors, principallywith PricewaterhouseCoopers and Threadneedle Investments. Crispin is based in London and now works as a consultant to the financial servicessector. |
| Non-Executive DirectorDonHymaMSc, PEng, IED | Appointed March 2014. Mr. Hyma is a mining industry executive with more than 25 years of progressive capital project experience in theresource sector in Canada, Chile, New Caledonia and Australia.His experience includes direct involvement in delivering numerous major projects,taking them from studies through to implementation, for several multi-national resource companies in the nickel, copper and ironore industries. |
| Non-Executive DirectorPaulNiardoneMBA | Appointed February2012. Mr Niardone was the Executive Director and founder of Professional Public Relations (WA), the largest PR andcommunications firm in Western Australia.He was the founding Chairman of Bellevue Resources Limited and has experience in marketing,investor relations and strategic planning in both the Government and private sectors. |
| General Manager –Studies andTechnical ServicesRayRobinsonB.Eng(Mining), Grad Dip(Economics), LLB | Mr Robinson is a highly qualified and experienced Mining Engineer. Ray brings to Avalon a wealth of experience in managing Feasibility Studiesand delivering development projects on time and on budget. Ray has worked across a range of commodities in various geographies, andmanaged a wide range of consulting groups. He has worked on mine sites throughout Australasia and South America, and has managedsmall tolarge scale feasibility studies through to development. |
Avalon Minerals – Coverage 2014


Breakaway Research –
- September 2014
- 'Overlooked Northern Star' Speculative BUY
- "Modelling indicates potential to produce up to $US110m free cash flow per year"
- "Risked base case valuation of $0.068/share" (pre 10:1 share consolidation)
Morgans Research –
- 2014 site visit report and follow-up coverage
- "What makes this story different is its potential access to nearby rail infrastructure from the previous operations. At a $12.5m market capitalisation, we see this as a cheap entry point into a prospective near term copper player"
- October 2014 Speculative BUY

Viscaria Project – August 2014 Scoping Study
Scoping Study assumed:
- a central processing facility at Viscaria of 3.5 Mtpa
- feed from 4 open pits, but dominated by D Zone and Discovery Zone
- producing copper concentrate from standard flotation process
- producing premium quality magnetite concentrate from standard magnetic separation and re-grind (low cost power)

Avalon Minerals – Resource Estimate Summary
Currently Defined Mineral Resource for Copper reported on the Viscaria Project above a 0.4% Cu cut-off.
| Resource Name | Classification | Tonnes (Million | Cu Grade (%) | Cu Metal (t) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tonnes) | ||||
| A Zone | Measured | 14.44 | 1.7 | 240,000 |
| Indicated | 4.69 | 1.2 | 57,200 | |
| Inferred | 2.48 | 1.0 | 25,500 | |
| Subtotal | 21.61 | 1.5 | 322,700 | |
| B Zone | Measured | 0.12 | 1.3 | 1,600 |
| Indicated | 4.12 | 0.7 | 29,700 | |
| Inferred | 15.41 | 0.8 | 118,700 | |
| Subtotal | 19.65 | 0.8 | 149,000 | |
| D Zone Cu | Measured | 1.0 | 1.25 | 12,000 |
| Resource | Indicated | 4.2 | 1.02 | 43,000 |
| Inferred | 8.5 | 0.96 | 81,000 | |
| Subtotal | 13.6 | 1.00 | 136,000 | |
| Discovery Zone Cu | Indicated | 2.8 | 0.89 | 25,000 |
| Resource | Inferred | 6.1 | 0.75 | 46,000 |
| Subtotal | 8.9 | 0.80 | 71,000 | |
| Overall Cu | Total | 63.86 | 1.05 | 680,000 |

Avalon Minerals – Resource Estimate Summary
Currently Defined Mineral Resource for Iron reported on the Viscaria Project above a 15% Mass Recovery cut-off
| Resource Name | Classification | Tonnes (MillionTonnes) | Fe Grade (%) | Mass Recovery(%) | Estimated recoverableiron (Million Tonnes) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D Zone | Measured | 2.0 | 28.7 | 35.1 | 0.5 |
| Fe Resource | Indicated | 9.7 | 27.2 | 33.1 | 2.2 |
| Inferred | 13.9 | 25.7 | 31.0 | 3.0 | |
| Subtotal | 25.6 | 26.5 | 32.1 | 5.7 | |
| Discovery Zone | Indicated | 3.0 | 40.6 | 53.2 | 1.1 |
| Fe Resource | Inferred | 6.7 | 37.7 | 49.0 | 2.3 |
| Subtotal | 9.7 | 38.5 | 50.3 | 3.4 | |
| Overall Fe | Total | 35.3 | 29.8 | 37.1 | 9.1 |

Avalon Minerals – Resource Estimate Summary - Notes
- The A, B D and Discovery Zone Mineral Resources were prepared and first disclosed under the JORC Code 2004. They have been updated since to comply with the JORC Code (2012).
- All Copper Mineral Resource estimates are reported above a block cut-off Grade of 0.4% Cu.
- All Iron Mineral Resource estimates are reported above a block cut-off of 15% Mass Recovery.
- Estimated recoverable iron is based on Davis Tube Recovery test work at a 75 micron grind size. Estimated recoverable iron is tonnes x mass recovery % x Fe % in concentrate (69% Fe).
- Total D Zone Measured, Indicated and Inferred Mineral Resource reported for Copper above a cut-off grade of 0.4% Cu and Iron above 15% Mass Recovery are broadly spatially coincident. However, they are modelled and reported separately to avoid mixing geological domains.
- Total Discovery Zone Indicated and Inferred Mineral Resource reported for Copper-Gold above 0.4% Cu cut-off and for Iron above 15% Mass Recovery are broadly spatially coincident. However, they are modelled and reported separately to avoid mixing geological domains.
- Any discrepancies in the sums and weighted averages are introduced by rounding.

Avalon Minerals – Resource Estimate Summary
From August 2014 Scoping Study
| Mineral Resource within Selected Pit Shell | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| --------------------------------------------------- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Source | Tonnes(Mt) | Grade | WasteTonnes | Strip | MeasuredResource | IndicatedResource | InferredResource | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| %Cu | %Fe | (Mt) | Ratio | Included | Included | Included | ||
| A Zone | 4.0 | 1.25 | 37 | 9.3 | 72% | 24% | 4% | |
| B Zone | 3.2 | 0.67 | 8 | 2.5 | 2% | 78% | 20% | |
| D Zone | 15.3 | 0.52 | 25 | 64 | 4.2 | 14% | 61% | 25% |
| DiscoveryZone | 9.4 | 0.66 | 39 | 43 | 4.6 | 0% | 38% | 62% |
| Total Project | 31.9 | 0.67 | 23 | 152 | 4.8 | 16% | 51% | 33% |

Viscaria Project – Scoping Study Cautionary Statement
The Scoping Study referred to in this presentation is based on lower-level technical and economic assessments and is insufficient to support estimation of Ore Reserves, or to provide assurance of an economic development case at this stage, or to provide certainty that the conclusions of the Scoping Study will be realised.
The Scoping Study is preliminary in nature as its conclusions are drawn from a Production Target that is composed of Measured Resource (16%), Indicated Resource (51%) and Inferred Resource (33%) classification, according to JORC 2012 guidelines.
There is a low level of geological confidence associated with Inferred Mineral Resources and there is no certainty that further exploration work will result in the determination of Indicated Mineral Resources or that the Production Target itself will be realised. The stated Production Target is based on the Company's current expectations of future results or events and should not be solely relied upon by investors when making investment decisions. Further evaluation work and appropriate studies are required to establish sufficient confidence that this target will be met.
Further, the Company cautions that there is no certainty that the forecast financial information derived from production targets will be realised. All material assumptions underpinning the production targets and forecast financial information derived from the production targets are set out in this announcement
The estimated mineral resources underpinning the Scoping Study Production Target has been prepared by competent persons in accordance with the current JORC Code 2012 Edition and the current ASX Listing Rules.

Competent Persons Statement
Competent Persons Statement
The information in this report that relates to the 2014 Scoping Study is based upon information compiled by, or under the supervision of Manish Garg B.Eng. (Hons.), Master of Applied Finance, MAusIMM, MAICD; Tim Horsley B.Sc. (Hons) (Mining Engineering), MAusIMM; and Trevor Ellice B.Sc. (Hons), M.Sc. (Geology), MAusIMM. Mr. Garg, Mr. Horsley, and Mr. Ellice have sufficient technical and techno-economic assessment experience, which is relevant to the activity that they are undertaking, to qualify as an Experts as defined in the 2005 Edition of the "Code for the Technical Assessment and Valuation of Mineral and Petroleum Assets and Securities for Independent Expert Reports" (VALMIN Code).
The information in this report that relates to the A Zone and B Zone Mineral Resources are based on the information compiled by Dr Bielin Shi who is a Member of the Institute of Mining and Metallurgy and is a full time employee of CSA Global Pty Ltd (CSA). CSA are an independent mining consultancy who have been engaged by Avalon Minerals Limited to perform geological consulting on a fee for service basis. Dr Bielin Shi has sufficient experience that is relevant to the style of mineralisation being considered and to the activity being undertaken to qualify as a competent person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves. Dr Shi consents to the inclusion in this report of the matters based on his information in the form and context in which it appears.
The information in this report that relates to the D Zone and Discovery Zone Mineral Resources are based on the information compiled by Trevor Ellice who is a Member of the Institute of Mining and Metallurgy and is a full time employee of Salva Resources Pty Ltd ("HDR | Salva"). HDR | Salva is an independent mining consultancy engaged by Avalon Minerals Limited to perform geological consulting on a fee for service basis. Mr Ellice has sufficient experience that is relevant to the style of mineralisation being considered and to the activity being undertaken to qualify as a competent person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves. Mr Ellice consents to the inclusion in this report of the matters based on his information in the form and context in which it appears.
The information in this report that relates to exploration results is based upon information reviewed by Dr Quinton Hills who is a Member of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. Dr Hills is a full time employee of Avalon Minerals Ltd and has sufficient experience which is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under consideration and to the activity which he is undertaking to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the "Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves". Dr Hills consents to the inclusion in the report of the matters based on his information in the form and context in which it appears.

Avalon Minerals – Perfectly located significant copper-iron resource
