Transformational Technologies for Global Industries

Annual General Meeting November 2023 ASX: SPN

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This document may contain forward-looking statements with respect to the financial condition, results of operations, and business strategy of SPN. These forward-looking statements are based on estimates, projections and assumptions made by SPN about circumstances and events that have not yet taken place. Although SPN believes the forward looking statements to be reasonable, they are not certain. Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that are in some cases beyond SPN's control, and which may cause actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied by the forwardlooking statements (and from past results). SPN makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of any forward-looking statements in this presentation and undue reliance should not be placed upon such statements. Forward-looking statements may be identified by words such as "aim", "anticipate", "assume", "continue", "could", "estimate", "expect", "intend", "may", "plan", "predict", "should", "will", or "would" or the negative of such terms or other similar expressions that are predictions of or otherwise indicate future events or trends.

The forward-looking statements included in this presentation speak only as of the date of this presentation. SPN does not intend to update the forward-looking statements in this presentation in the future. Certain statistical and other information included in this presentation is sourced from publicly available third-party sources and has not been independently verified.

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Corporate Snapshot

SPARC TECHNOLOGIES (ASX: SPN)

Unique Technology Portfolio

Sparc is developing a portfolio of technologies that target a world increasingly focused on sustainability and environmental outcomes

Sparc has two core business lines:

Graphene Materials focusing on developing high performance anticorrosive paints and other protective coatings

Renewable Energy with a majority shareholding in Sparc Hydrogen and an emerging project in sodium ion batteries

Unique Approach to a Next Generation Super-material

Sparc's Unique Graphene Position

Based in Kent Town, Adelaide

Production of commercially applicable graphenebased materials

World leading 'Graphene in Coatings' R&D team

Patent application for graphene-based additive filed

Key innovation partners:

The Problem – Corrosion of Steel

The Cost and Carbon Problem

$78 billion spent on remediating assets affected by corrosion in Australia per annum1

Corroded steel replacement accounts for up to 3.4% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions2

The Business Interruption Problem

Asset shutdowns
Loss of productivity
Personnel safety risks

Introduction to

Sparc Technologies has developed ecosparc on the back of >4 years of research and development.

ecosparc is a drop-in graphene-based additive which is added to currently used marine and protective coatings for steel infrastructure.

ecosparc significantly enhances the anticorrosive properties of these paints.

About

ecosparc is not a paint.

ecosparc, when added in tiny amounts, supercharges coatings currently used to protect steel assets from corrosion.

The benefits of ecosparc, including cost and emissions savings, are the direct result of ecosparc extending the time between maintenance events.

savings in maintenance

Why Choose

Enhancing conventional coatings with ecosparc results in a minimum saving in steel maintenance costs of 19-23%1.

Cost Savings Reduced CO2 Emissions Easier Maintenance Increased Safety

Enhancing conventional coatings with ecosparc results in a reduction of carbon emissions associated with asset maintenance of 18-21%1.

Reduced maintenance events; Fewer on-site check-ups; Reduced asset downtime; Increased productivity.

Enhancing conventional coatings with ecosparc will help to protect your workforce.

Dual Anti-Corrosion Mechanism

ecosparc enhanced coatings:

Delay coating cracking. This delays the onset of corrosion.
When damage does eventually occur, ecosparc further limits corrosion spread by up to 40%.

Ease of Manufacture and Use

Commercial production facility can produce enough ecosparc to dose 7 million litres of paint.
Simple and easy to incorporate into existing coatings.
No change to current paint application or removal methods.
Only 2% volume of additive required.

Addressable Market for Anti-Corrosive Coatings

Sourced from Exactitude Consultancyhttps://exactitudeconsultancy.com/reports/3960/anti-corrosion-coatings-market/
Sourced from Research and Markets 2016 https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/australia-us11-billion-corrosion-protective-coatings-cpc--acid-proof-lining-apl-market-analysis-and-opportunity-assessment-2016-2026---research-and-markets-300345758.html

Pathway to Market

Dual track approach to commercialising ecosparc within the global anti -corrosive coatings market:

1. Actively working with several of the world's largest coatings companies on testing and trials with results due in H1 2024.
1. Partnering with asset owners to trial ecosparc on relevant steel infrastructure such as steel frames, tanks and other structures close to the ocean. Infrastructure owners being targeted include government, defence, mining, and oil and gas companies.

Other Target Applications

Anti-fouling Paints Composites

Fouling is the result of accumulation of marine growth, resulting in reduced vessel speed, increased bunker consumption and the accrual of cleaning costs
Sparc is developing antifouling technology which would substantially reduce fouling on marine vessels and structures
Global market size is estimated to be growing at 8.2% CAGR reaching US$13.5bn in 20281

Composites are two or more distinct materials that, when combined, create a new material with enhanced properties
Composite materials are widely used in aerospace, automotive, construction, and other industries where high performance and lightweight materials are required
Sparc's graphene additives are being tested in multiple applications targeting improved flexibility, strength, conductivity and elasticity

Sparc's Competitive Advantage

The Expertise

A global coatings team consisting of former senior members of the world's largest global coatings companies
A specialist 'graphene in coatings' team based out of our labs in Adelaide, Australia

The Data

An ISO testing regime which has been run over the past 4 years
Thousands of data points collected which provide repeatable, rigorous evidence proving just how effective ecosparc® is

Intellectual property

Patent application filed
Significant know-how developed

Global Network of Coating Specialists

Ian Rowell

Sparc North America LLC
Former Head of Global Strategy Development for AkzoNobel

Aidan Mernin

Sparc Technologies Europe Limited

Former Technical Director for Marine and Protective Coatings at AkzoNobel and Technical Director for Protective Coatings at Hempel

Dr. Andrew Smith

Technical Manager Graphene
Former Asia Pacific Senior Regional Technical Manager

Dr. Denis Wright

General Manager Graphene
Former Senior Regional Manager for Marine and Protective Coatings at Wattyl/Sherwin Williams

SPARC GREEN HYDROGEN

Next Generation Green Hydrogen Technology

Technology Highlights

Globally disruptive green hydrogen production technology
Direct solar-to-hydrogen via photocatalytic water splitting
NO ELECTRICITY REQUIRED to split water
Flexible and scalable infrastructure
Prototyping and pilot plant development underway
Targeting a system with industry leading costs

Technology Advantages

"Such systems (photocatalytic water splitting) offer great potential for cost reduction of electrolytic hydrogen, compared with conventional two-step technologies." (CSIRO National Hydrogen Roadmap1)

Sparc Green H2	Green H2	Blue H2	Grey H2
Photocatalysis	Electrolysis powered byrenewables	Grey production withcarbon capture	Steam methanereforming
Water	Water	Natural gas, Water	Natural gas, Water
Oxygen	Oxygen	•Emissionssequestered	CONOSOPM2,x,x,
Nil	Nil	0.76kg CO/ 1kg H22	8.5kg CO/ 1kg H22
Solar resource	Solar +/-wind& HVinfrastructure	Natural gas sourceand suitable storage	Natural gas source
Scalable	Very large	Very large	Large

1 Sourced from Bruce S, Temminghoff M, Hayward J, Schmidt E, Munnings C, Palfreyman D, Hartley P (2018) National Hydrogen Roadmap. CSIRO, Australia

2 Sourced from Commonwealth of Australia, 'Australia's National Hydrogen Strategy', 2019

Sparc Hydrogen's Unique Approach

Prototype Testing at CSIRO Energy Centre

Sparc Hydrogen recently completed the first phase of prototype testing its PWS reactor at the CSIRO Energy Centre in Newcastle.
Represents the first demonstration of the technology outside of the laboratory and has produced vital information for reactor scale up towards a pilot plant.
Prototype has advanced the technology readiness level (TRL)1 of Sparc Hydrogen's reactor from 4 to 5.
Support and funding provided through CSIRO's Kick-Start Program.

Development Pathway

Increasing technology and commercial readiness

The Green Hydrogen Race is On

Conventional green hydrogen (electrolysis) projects will not reach industry and Government cost targets until well into the 2030s, at best.
There is a substantial window of opportunity for new technologies such as Sparc Hydrogen to commercialise low-cost hydrogen production.
Sparc Hydrogen is well placed to benefit from funding support from Australia, the US, EU and other jurisdictions with clean hydrogen policies.

Forecast cost of green hydrogen via electrolysis1

Best-in-Class Partners

52% Sparc Hydrogen shareholder1
JV management and coordination
Technology commercialisation expertise

20% Sparc Hydrogen shareholder1
Global leader in green hydrogen
Substantial project development experience

28% Sparc Hydrogen shareholder1
Developer and contributor of IP2
Leading R&D work and providing lab facilities

SODIUM ION BATTERIES

Emerging Low-Cost Alternative to Lithium-ion Batteries

Introduction to Sodium-Ion Batteries

Sodium ion batteries (SIBs) are an alternative battery technology which work based on the same 'rocking-chair' principle of reversible cation intercalation as lithium-ion batteries
The use of low cost, sustainable, abundant materials in sodium-ion batteries is a key advantage over lithium-ion -> sodium is over 1,000 times more abundant than lithium in the earth's crust
According to IDTechEx research, the 2024 market value for SIBs is US$0.6bn growing to US$11.6bn in 2033 (39% CAGR) driven by rapid uptake in stationary storage and light-duty EV applications Source: IDTechEx

Hard Carbon Anode Project

Sparc, in collaboration with Queensland University of Technology, is developing a high performing hard carbon anode material for SIBs.
Key features of the technology under development include:
- Low cost, sustainably sourced green bio-waste feedstock.
- Faster, less energy intensive processing.
Development of hard carbon materials for SIBs is analogous to synthetic graphite for lithium-ion batteries.

Positive Capacity Results Achieved

Testing has demonstrated up to 63% improved reversible capacity1 versus commercially available hard carbon materials.
The technology under development has the potential to reduce the carbon footprint of SIB anode material whilst improving performance.
In Oct-23, Sparc and QUT were awarded ~A$384k in AEA grant funding which will be used for full cell testing and scale up.

Momentum Building in Sodium-Ion

"acquires battery tech firmFaradionfor GBP100m"	"Invests in Natron Energy'sSodium-Ion BatteryTechnology"	"BYD to launch electrichatchbacks with newSodium-ion batteries"	"begins operation of NASbatteries for self-wheelingof renewable energy"	"BYD to build 30GWhsodium battery plant"
Dec-21	Nov-22	Dec-22	Jan-23	Nov-23
Jul-21	Oct-22	Dec-22	Feb-23	Nov-23

"Unveils Its LatestBreakthrough Technology byReleasing Its FirstGeneration of Sodium-ionBatteries"	"Will Mass Produce SodiumIon Batteries in 2023"	"United Airlines is investingin sodium-ion batterydevelopment"	"Hina Battery becomes1st battery maker to putsodium-ion batteries inEVs in China"	"State of the art sodiumion battery with best-inclass energy density of160Wh/kg"

Stephen Hunt

Executive Chairman +61 402 956 205 [email protected]

Mark Flynn

Investor Relations +61 416 068 733 [email protected]

Released with the authority of the Board – 28 November 2023