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RTG Mining Inc. — Capital/Financing Update 2014
Nov 23, 2014
47130_rns_2014-11-23_2915b98e-d90d-4d61-a6d2-7c2fc94acca4.pdf
Capital/Financing Update
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Level 2, 338 Barker Road Subiaco WA 6008 Phone: +61 8 6489 2900 www.rtgmining.com
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ABN: 70 164 362 850
RTG ANNOUNCES MAIDEN MINERAL RESOURCE OF 11.4MT CONTAINING 205,000 T OF COPPER AND 716,000 OZ OF GOLD ANNOUNCEMENT TO THE AUSTRALIAN STOCK EXCHANGE
24 NOVEMBER 2014
RTG Mining Inc. (“RTG”, “the Company”) ( TSX Code: RTG , ASX Code: RTG ) is pleased to report the maiden Mineral Resource for the Mabilo Project reported in accordance with the JORC Code (2012). The Mineral Resource includes significant high grade oxide gold and copper at shallow levels which contains 72,000 ounces of gold, 35,000t of high copper and 325,000t of iron. These resources could be mined with limited capital requirements which could allow for the majority of capital expenditure on the primary plant to be funded from the oxide ore.
The magnetite skarn mineralisation which makes up a significant portion of the Mineral Resource is well defined and continues to remain open in multiple directions and is the subject of further drilling.
Highlights of the resource include: –
-
Total Mineral Resource of 11.4Mt at 1.8% Cu, 2.0g/t Au, 10.6g/t Ag and 44.2% Fe
-
Total Indicated Resource of 5.9Mt at 2.1% Cu, 2.2g/t Au, 8.4g/t Ag and 49% Fe , containing 121,000t copper and contained gold of 414,000oz at a 0.3g/t Au cut-off grade (Table1)
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Total Inferred Resource of 5.5Mt at 1.5% Cu, 1.7g/t Au, 12.9g/t Ag and 39% Fe , containing 84,000t copper and contained gold of 302,000oz at a 0.3g/t Au cut-off grade (Table 1)
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Indicated Oxide Resource that includes a high grade oxide gold “cap” zone (340,000t @ 3.2g/t Au) and a very high grade Supergene Chalcocite zone (101,000t @ 24.0% Cu) at shallow levels (Table 2). Both represent significant value with the mining of this product potentially able to assist in funding capital development of the larger primary plant.
-
Significant upside potential remains to upgrade the Inferred Resource and to further extend the magnetite skarn mineralisation along strike and down dip beyond the current resource model.
Mineral Resource Estimate Results - Reporting at 0.3 g/t Au lower cut-off - Mabilo Deposit - South and North Zones
| Mineral Resource Estimate Results - Reporting at 0.3g/t Au lower cut-off - Mabilo Deposit - South and North Zones | Mineral Resource Estimate Results - Reporting at 0.3g/t Au lower cut-off - Mabilo Deposit - South and North Zones | Mineral Resource Estimate Results - Reporting at 0.3g/t Au lower cut-off - Mabilo Deposit - South and North Zones | Mineral Resource Estimate Results - Reporting at 0.3g/t Au lower cut-off - Mabilo Deposit - South and North Zones | Mineral Resource Estimate Results - Reporting at 0.3g/t Au lower cut-off - Mabilo Deposit - South and North Zones | Mineral Resource Estimate Results - Reporting at 0.3g/t Au lower cut-off - Mabilo Deposit - South and North Zones | Mineral Resource Estimate Results - Reporting at 0.3g/t Au lower cut-off - Mabilo Deposit - South and North Zones | Mineral Resource Estimate Results - Reporting at 0.3g/t Au lower cut-off - Mabilo Deposit - South and North Zones | Mineral Resource Estimate Results - Reporting at 0.3g/t Au lower cut-off - Mabilo Deposit - South and North Zones | Mineral Resource Estimate Results - Reporting at 0.3g/t Au lower cut-off - Mabilo Deposit - South and North Zones | Mineral Resource Estimate Results - Reporting at 0.3g/t Au lower cut-off - Mabilo Deposit - South and North Zones | Mineral Resource Estimate Results - Reporting at 0.3g/t Au lower cut-off - Mabilo Deposit - South and North Zones |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weathering State |
Classification | Million Tonnes |
Cu % | Au g/t | Ag g/t | Fe % | Contained Au (‘000s oz) |
Contained Cu ('000s t) |
Contained Fe (‘000s t) |
Au Equivalent *g/t ** |
Au Equivalent ('000s oz)* |
| Indicated | 0.73 | 4.4 | 2.8 | 9.5 | 42.6 | 67.1 | 32.2 | 312.7 | 10.5 | 248.2 | |
| Oxide + Supergene |
Inferred | 0.13 | 3.1 | 2.2 | 10.4 | 34.9 | 8.9 | 3.9 | 43.6 | 7.8 | 31.3 |
| Indicated + Inferred |
0.86 | 4.2 | 2.8 | 9.7 | 41.5 | 76.0 | 36.1 | 356.4 | 10.1 | 279.6 | |
| Indicated | 5.13 | 1.7 | 2.1 | 8.3 | 49.9 | 346.8 | 88.9 | 2,563.0 | 5.6 | 929.9 | |
| Fresh | Inferred | 5.37 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 12.9 | 39.1 | 293.1 | 80.4 | 2,101.9 | 4.7 | 818.7 |
| Indicated + Inferred |
10.50 | 1.6 | 1.9 | 10.7 | 44.4 | 639.9 | 169.3 | 4,664.9 | 5.2 | 1,748.6 | |
| Combined | Indicated + Inferred |
11.36 | 1.8 | 2.0 | 10.6 | 44.2 | 715.9 | 205.5 | 5,021.3 | 5.6 | 2,028.1 |
| Note: The Mineral Resource was estimated within constraining wireframe solids based on the mineralised geological units. This resource table is quoted from all classified blocks above a lower cut-off grade 0.3 g/t Au within these wireframe solids. Differences may occur due to rounding |
Table 1 - Total Mabilo Resource at 0.3 g/t Au Cut-off Grade
OXIDE MINING STRATEGY
The Indicated Oxide Resource includes a high grade oxide gold “cap” zone (356,000t @ 3.1g/t Au) and a very high grade Supergene Chalcocite zone (101,000t @ 24.0% Cu) at shallow levels (Table 2). Given the high grade nature of this shallow oxide mineralisation, the focus will be to prioritise this area for initial exploitation.
The zones are layered and should lend themselves to open pit mining processes. (See Figure 1).
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Figure 1 – Schematic Long Section Showing Layering of Main Oxide Zones
| Indicated | |||||||
| South Mineralised Zone | Million Tonnes | Au g/t |
Cu % |
Fe % |
Contained Au ('000s oz) |
Contained Cu (‘000s t) |
Contained Fe (‘000st) |
| Oxide Gold Cap | 0.34 | 3.2 | 0.2 | 43.4 | 34.7 | 0.8 | 145.3 |
Oxide Copper/Gold |
0.26 | 2.7 | 2.5 | 45.7 | 22.6 | 6.7 | 120.3 |
| Supergene Chalcocite | 0.10 | 2.3 | 24.0 | 38.6 | 7.6 | 24.2 | 39.0 |
| Sub-Total | 0.70 | 2.9 | 4.5 | 43.6 | 64.8 | 31.7 | 304.6 |
| North Mineralised Zone | |||||||
| Oxide Gold Cap | 0.02 | 1.6 | 0.2 | 23.0 | 1.1 | 0.0 | 4.7 |
Oxide Copper/Gold |
0.01 | 2.9 | 3.5 | 21.5 | 1.1 | 0.4 | 2.6 |
| Sub Total | 0.03 | 2.1 | 1.4 | 22.4 | 2.2 | 0.5 | 7.3 |
| Total | 0.73 | 2.8 | 4.4 | 42.6 | 67.0 | 32.2 | 311.9 |
| Inferred | |||||||
| North Mineralised Zone | Million Tonnes | Au g/t |
Cu % |
Fe % |
Contained Au ('000s oz) |
Contained Cu (‘000s t) |
Contained Fe (‘000st) |
| Oxide Gold Cap | 0.02 | 2.1 | 0.2 | 28.3 | 1.2 | 0.0 | 5.0 |
| Oxide Copper/Gold | 0.03 | 2.9 | 3.8 | 22.7 | 2.5 | 1.0 | 6.1 |
| Supergene Chalcocite | 0.01 | 2.5 | 13.5 | 14.2 | 0.9 | 1.5 | 1.6 |
| Sub Total | 0.06 | 2.6 | 4.6 | 22.8 | 4.6 | 2.6 | 12.7 |
| Indicated + Inferred | |||||||
| Combined Zones | Million Tonnes | Au g/t |
Cu % |
Fe % |
Contained Au ('000s oz) |
Contained Cu (‘000s t) |
Contained Fe (‘000s t) |
| Oxide Gold Cap | 0.37 | 3.1 | 0.2 | 41.5 | 37.0 | 0.9 | 155.0 |
| Oxide Copper/Gold | 0.30 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 42.7 | 26.2 | 8.1 | 129.0 |
| Supergene Chalcocite | 0.11 | 2.3 | 22.9 | 36.2 | 8.5 | 25.7 | 40.6 |
| Total | 0.79 | 2.8 | 4.4 | 41.2 | 71.7 | 34.7 | 324.7 |
| Note: The Mineral Resource was estimated within constraining wireframe solids based on the mineralised geological units. The | |||||||
resource is quoted from all classified blocks above a lower cut-off grade 0.3 g/t Au within these wireframe solids. Differences d di |
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| may occur ue to rounng |
Table 2 - Oxide Gold and Chalcocite Copper Mabilo Resource at 0.3g/t Au Cut-off Grade
RTG Chief Executive Officer, Justine Magee said the Company was v ery pleased with the Maiden Mineral Resource. “It validates our belief in the potential for a lowcost, high grade copper-gold project. The very high grade near surface oxide resource has the potential to be quickly put into production and fund a significant part of the capital development. The project remains open in multiple directions with significant exploration upside,” Ms Magee said.
* The Gold Equivalent grade was calculated using the following formula, which fully dilutes for recovery assumptions
AuEq=(((0.9AuOz$1,150)+(0.9CuMetal$6,700)+(0.7FeMetal$90)+ (0.6AgOz$15.5)) / $1,150)/Total ore tonnes
ABOUT MABILO
The Mabilo Project is located in Camarines Norte Province, Eastern Luzon, Philippines. It comprises one granted Exploration Permit (EP-014-2013-V) of approximately 498 ha and Exploration Permit Application EXPA-000188-V of 2,820 ha. The Project area is relatively flat and is easily accessed by 15 km of all-weather road from the highway at the nearby town of Labo.
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Figure 2 – Mabilo Deposit – Location Plan
Summary of Mineral Resource Estimate and Reporting Criteria
The Mineral Resource was prepared by independent resource consultancy CSA Global Pty Ltd (“CSA”).
Geology and Geological Interpretation
Two mineralised magnetite skarn bodies were initially targeted using ground magnetic data and have been subsequently drilled. The magnetite skarn mineralisation is parallel to the host carbonate unit and passes down-dip into garnet skarn, contact metamorphosed marble or limestone. Magnetite skarn represents the replacement bodies of the limestone marble lithologies. Magnetite skarn bodies have been fault off-set laterally with magnetite continuing across offset zones as strongly mineralised magnetite breccias.
Magnetite near surface has been subject to tropical weathering and the development of an oxide zone dominated by significant a gold-rich, copper-depleted cap (referred to as Oxide Gold “Cap”). A high grade chalcocite zone dominates the northern end of the South Zone with the remainder of the oxide resource being oxidised magnetite skarn with similar copper and gold grades to primary magnetite.
The North Mineralised and South Mineralised Zones have both been modelled for this Mineral Resource Estimate (“MRE”). The larger South Mineralised Zone skarn is approximately 450m in strike and dips to the southwest at approximately 60 degrees. The North Mineralised Zone is approximately 150m in strike and dipping 75 degrees in a northerly direction. Magnetite skarn bodies are currently modelled as three main offset fault blocks in the South Mineralised Zone and two fault blocks in the North Mineralised Zone. Thickness of magnetite skarn is variable due to lithological variation of the host marble limestone. At the southern end of the South Body, magnetite is approximately 30m in thickness at the southern end of the system thinning down dip to approximately 15m. At the northern end of the South Mineralised Zone the thickness is approximately 45-50m where it has been subjected to oxidation processes before being covered by volcanic lahars and tuffs.
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Figure 3 - Block Model Long Sections Showing Distribution of Copper and Gold Grades
Drilling and Sampling Techniques
The MRE is based on data obtained from 69 diamond core drill holes (11,231.45m) drilled across the two project areas. Drill holes are located on a nominal 40m by 40m spacing across primary magnetite zones with good geological continuity. Oxide and chalcocite zones were subject to 25m by 20m nominal spacing with drilling oriented approximately north-west to south-east across the strike of mineralisation. The dip of the drill holes was designed to intersect the mineralisation at the optimal angle to minimise sampling bias with a number of early vertical holes followed up with angled holes. A number of drill holes included in the MRE were infill in nature and have not been previously reported. These holes are listed in Appendix 1.
Drill hole collars were surveyed using a differential global positioning system (“DGPS”) to centimetre accuracy. All down-hole surveying was carried out using a combination of Reflex Ez-Trak multi-shot survey tool at 30m intervals down hole and the Reflex Gyro system was used where magnetite skarn was intersected.
All diamond drill samples were geologically logged, recording relevant data to a set template at or on geological contacts. Diamond core was also geotechnically logged and the core photographed for future record. Diamond core was half core sampled on geology contacts. Core samples were submitted for analyses using ISO-certified Intertek McPhar Laboratory in Manila. Field quality assurance procedures were employed, including the use of standards, blanks and duplicates. The drill hole data is maintained in a secure relational database by company personnel.
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Figure 4 – Mabilo Deposit – Drill Hole Collar Plan and Resource Wireframes (Oblique View)
Sample Analysis Method
Half core samples were cut and sent for analysis by an independent ISO-certified laboratory (Intertek McPhar Laboratory) in Manila. Samples were crushed and pulverised (95% <75 ɥm). Gold was analysed by 50g fire assay and the other elements including copper and iron by ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry) or ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry) following a four-acid digest.
The sample preparation and assay techniques used for the assay results reported herein are of international industry standard and can be considered total.
Resource Estimation Methodology
Datamine Studio 3 software was used for all geological modelling, block modelling, grade interpolation, Mineral Resource classification and reporting. Mineralisation domains were modelled based on the geological interpretation from the lithological logging of drill core and drill sample assay results. For the magnetite skarn zones, which are by definition reasonably well mineralised with magnetite iron, the lithological logging has driven the interpretation. Other lithological units in the system are not necessarily mineralised to potentially economic levels throughout their full extents. These zones have been modelled using a nominal lower cut-off grade combination of 0.3g/t Au and 0.3% Cu in concert with the lithological logging to generate mineralised lithological domains.
The Mineral Resource block model consists of 30 mineralisation lenses grouped into 15 mineralised lithological domain zones of Cu-Au-Fe mineralisation, based on lens lithology type. There are 8 mineralised lithological domain zones in the South Mineralised Zone and 7 in the North Mineralised Zone. The mineralised lithological domain zones were used as hard boundaries to select sample populations for data analysis and grade estimation, with soft boundaries between the lenses within each domain zone.
Sample data was composited to 1m downhole lengths based on sample length frequency. Statistical analysis was undertaken on all mineralised zones and high grade cuts were applied based on a review of the histograms, probability plots and basic statistics.
Grade estimation was undertaken using a combination of ordinary kriging (“OK”) and inverse distance squared (“IDS”) depending on the available number of samples within the individual mineralised wireframes. Search ellipsoids were oriented to reflect mineralisation continuity directions identified from sample data analysis.
Block model definition parameters were reviewed with the primary block size of 20m E-W by 20m N-S by 4m vertical and sub-blocking to 2.5m by 2.5m by 0.5m.
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Figure 5 - Typical Geological Cross Section in Southern Mineralised Zone
Cut-off Grades
Cut-off grades for reporting the Mineral Resource are 0.3g/t Au, in line with recommendations from RTG based on preliminary optimisation studies.
Mining and Metallurgical Methods and Parameters
It has been assumed that the Mabilo Mineral Resource, if mined, will be developed using open pit mining methods. No assumptions have been made to date regarding minimum mining widths or dilution.
Extensive metallurgical testwork is ongoing and the various styles of mineralisation which make up the Mabilo Mineral Resource have been domained according to their mineralogical and geological characteristics.
Classification Criteria
The Mineral Resource is classified as a combination of Indicated and Inferred, in accordance with the JORC (2012) Code, with geological evidence sufficient to assume geological and grade continuity in the Indicated volumes. Classification of the Mineral Resource estimate was carried out taking into account the geological understanding of the deposit, quality of the samples, density of data and drill hole spacing.
QUALIFIED PERSON AND COMPETENT PERSON STATEMENT
The information in this release that relates to exploration results at the Mabilo Project is based upon information prepared by or under the supervision of Robert Ayres BSc (Hons), who is a Qualified Person and a Competent Person. Mr Ayres is a member of the Australian Institute of Geoscientists and a full-time employee of Mt Labo
Exploration and Development Company, a Philippine mining company, an associate company of RTG Mining Limited. Mr Ayres has sufficient experience that is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under consideration and to the activity being undertaken, to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the “Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves” and to qualify as a “Qualified Person” under National Instrument 43-101 – Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects (“NI 43-101”). Mr. Ayres has verified the data disclosed in this release, including sampling, analytical and test data underlying the information contained in the release. Mr. Ayres consents to the inclusion in the release of the matters based on his information in the form and the context in which it appears.
The information in this release that relates to Mineral Resources is based on information prepared by or under the supervision of Mr Aaron Green, who is a Qualified Person and Competent Person. Mr Green is a Member of the Australian Institute of Geoscientists and is employed by CSA Global Pty Ltd, an independent consulting company. Mr Green has sufficient experience that is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under consideration and to the activity which he is undertaking to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the “Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves” and to qualify as a “Qualified Person” under National Instrument 43-101 – Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects (“NI 43-101”). Mr. Green has verified the data disclosed in this release, including sampling, analytical and test data underlying the information contained in the release. Mr Green consents to the inclusion in the release of the matters based on his information in the form and context in which it appears.
ABOUT RTG MINING INC
RTG Mining Inc. is a mining and exploration company listed on the main board of the Toronto Stock Exchange and Australian Securities Exchange Limited. RTG is focused on developing the high grade copper/gold/magnetite Mabilo Project and advancing exploration on the highly prospective Bunawan Project, both in the Philippines, while also identifying major new projects which will allow the Company to move quickly and safely to production.
RTG has an experienced management team (previously responsible for the development of the Masbate Gold Mine in the Philippines through CGA Mining Limited), and has B2Gold as one of its major shareholders in the Company. B2Gold is a member of both the S&P/TSX Global Gold and Global Mining Indices.
ENQUIRIES
Australian Contact President & CEO – Justine Magee
Tel: +61 8 6489 2900 Fax: +61 8 6489 2920 Email: [email protected]
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
This announcement includes certain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Canadian securities legislation. Accuracy of mineral resource and mineral reserve estimates and related assumptions and inherent operating risks, are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements involve various risks and uncertainties and are based on certain factors and assumptions. There can be no assurance that such statements will prove to be accurate, and actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such statements. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from RTG’s expectations include uncertainties related to fluctuations in gold and other commodity prices and currency exchange rates; uncertainties relating to interpretation of drill results and the geology, continuity and grade of mineral deposits; uncertainty of estimates of capital and operating costs, recovery rates, production estimates and estimated economic return; the need for cooperation of government agencies in the development of RTG’s mineral projects; the need to obtain additional financing to develop RTG’s mineral projects; the possibility of delay in development programs or in construction projects and uncertainty of meeting anticipated program milestones for RTG’s mineral projects and other risks and uncertainties disclosed under the heading “Risk Factors” in RTG’s Annual Information Form for the year ended 31 December 2013 filed with the Canadian securities regulatory authorities on the SEDAR website at sedar.com.
Appendix 1: Location of Infill Drill Holes Previously Not Reported
| HOLE ID | Location | DGPS Coordinates(UTM WGS84) |
DGPS Coordinates(UTM WGS84) |
DGPS Coordinates(UTM WGS84) |
Orientation True Nth |
Orientation True Nth |
Depth | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prospect | East | North | RL | Dip | Azi | E.O.H (m) |
||
| MDH-72 | South A | Resource | 476044 | 1559846 | 110 | -74 | 50 | 275.30 |
| MDH-74 | South A | Resource | 476067 | 1559976 | 108 | -60 | 50 | 114.80 |
| MDH-75 | South B | Resource | 476050 | 1559745 | 112 | -65 | 50 | 303.70 |
| MDH-76 | South A | Resource | 476068 | 1559974 | 108 | -60 | 90 | 83.00 |
| MDH-77 | South B | Resource | 476047 | 1559850 | 110 | -45 | 50 | 139.60 |
| MDH-78 | South A | Resource | 476066 | 1559978 | 108 | -60 | 185 | 261.80 |
| MDH-79* | South A | Resource | 475998 | 1559846 | 116 | -60 | 50 | 140.10 |
| MDH-80 | South A | Resource | 476074 | 1559716 | 113 | -65 | 50 | 304.00 |
| MDH-81 | South A | Resource | 476082 | 1559930 | 109 | -65 | 50 | 174.40 |
*MDH-79 abandoned early without reaching target depth
All collars were surveyed using a differential global positioning system (“DGPS”) to centimetre accuracy
The model includes all drill holes over the North and South parts of the system up to and including MDH-081. Drilling to date continues to validate the Company’s confidence that the system will continue to extend and average grade will increase. Drilling is currently ongoing and continues to target infilling and extensions along strike and down dip.
Appendix 2: JORC Code 2012 Edition Table 1 Section 1 Sampling Techniques and Data
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sampling | Nature and quality of sampling (e.g. cut channels, | | The assay data reported herein is based on sampling of diamond drill core of PQ, |
| techniques | random chips, or specific specialised industry | HQ and NQ diameter which was cut with a diamond core saw. Samples are | |
| standard measurement tools appropriate to the minerals under investigation, such as down hole gamma sondes, or handheld XRF instruments, etc). These examples should not be taken as |
generally of 1 m length, although occasionally slightly longer or shorter where changes in lithology, core size or core recovery required adjustments; samples are not more than 2 m length. |
||
| limiting the broad meaning of sampling. | |||
| Include reference to measures taken to ensure | |||
| sample representivity and the appropriate calibration of any measurement tools or systems used. |
| The length of each drill run is recorded and the recovery for each run calculated on site and checked again at the core shed. Certified reference standards and blank samples were submitted to assess the accuracy and precision of the results and |
|
| every 20th sample was sawn into two and the two quarter core samples submitted | |||
| for analysis separately as a duplicate sample. | |||
| Aspects of the determination of mineralisation that are Material to the Public Report. |
| Half core samples were cut and sent for analysis by an independent ISO-certified laboratory (Intertek McPhar Laboratory) in Manila. Samples were crushed and |
|
| pulverised (95% <75 μm). Gold was analysed by 50 g fire assay and the other | |||
| elements including copper and iron by ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass | |||
| Spectrometry) or ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission | |||
| Spectrometry) following a four-acid digest. | |||
| Drilling techniques | Drill type (e.g. core, reverse circulation, open-hole | | Drilling was by PQ, HQ and NQ diameter, triple tube diamond coring. The core was |
| hammer, rotary air blast, auger, Bangka, sonic, | not orientated. | ||
| etc) and details (eg core diameter, triple or | |||
| standard tube, depth of diamond tails, face- | |||
| sampling bit or other type, whether core is oriented | |||
| _and if so, by what method, etc). _ | |||
| Drill sample | Method of recording and assessing core and chip | | Core recovery is initially measured on site by trained technicians and by the |
| recovery | sample recoveries and results assessed. | supervising geologist. Any core loss is measured, the percentage is calculated | |
| and both are recorded in the geotechnical log for reference when assessing assay | |||
| results. | |||
| Measures taken to maximise sample recovery and ensure representative nature of the samples. |
| All care is taken to ensure maximum recovery of diamond core and drillers are informed of the importance of core recovery. Any areas of poor core recovery are |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary |
|---|---|---|---|
| sampled separately thus assay results can be directly related to core recovery. | |||
| The majority of the mineralisation is in fresh rock where recoveries are greater | |||
| than 90%. Most mineralisation occurs in wide intersections of massive magnetite | |||
| skarn with relatively uniform copper and gold grades. Core loss occurs in fracture | |||
| zones but is usually not a significant problem i.e. the core lost in fracture zones is | |||
| unlikely to have been significantly higher or lower grade than the surrounding | |||
| material. In the weathered hematitic oxidised zones some core loss is | |||
| unavoidable, but overall recovery is generally >90% and the core loss is | |||
| volumetrically minor in the mineralised zones. In areas of poor recovery, the | |||
| sample intervals are arranged to coincide with drill runs, thus areas of different | |||
| core loss percentage are specific to individual samples which can be assessed | |||
| when interpreting analytical results and modelled in future resource estimation | |||
| studies. Where an area of 100% core loss is identified the sample intervals are | |||
| marked to each side of the zone and the zone is designated “No core” and | |||
| assigned zero value in the various log sheets and geochemical database. | |||
| Whether a relationship exists between sample | |||
| recovery and grade and whether sample bias may | | There is no discernible relationship between core recovery and grade. The skarn | |
| have occurred due to preferential loss/gain of fine/coarse material. |
bodies are relatively uniform over significant lengths and the copper and gold grades are not related to clay and fracture zones which are the main causes of |
||
| core loss. | |||
| Logging | Whether core and chip samples have been | | Diamond drill core for each entire drill hole was logged in significant detail in a |
| geologically and geotechnically logged to a level of | number of logging sheets including a geological log, a structural log, a geotechnical | ||
| detail to support appropriate Mineral Resource | log and a magnetic susceptibility log for the entire drill hole. Mineralised and | ||
| estimation, mining studies and metallurgical studies. | sampled intervals are logged individually in a separate quantitative mineral log with | ||
| percentages of the different copper minerals being recorded. The logging is | |||
| appropriate for mineral resource estimates and mining studies. | |||
| Whether logging is qualitative or quantitative in | | Most of the geological logging is a mixture of qualitative (descriptions of the various | |
| nature. Core (or costean, channel, etc.) | geological features) and quantitative (numbers and angles of veins and fracture | ||
| photography. | zones, mineral percentages etc.). The quantitative mineralisation log and the | ||
| magnetic susceptibility log are quantitative. Photographs are taken of all core (both | |||
| wet and dry) prior to the core being cut. | |||
| The total length and percentage of the relevant | | All core, including barren overburden is logged in the various logging sheets noted | |
| intersections logged. | above apart from the quantitative mineralisation log in which only the mineralised | ||
| intervals sent forgeochemical analysis are logged ingreater detail. | |||
| Sub-sampling | If core, whether cut or sawn and whetherquarter, | | Allsampling dataisfromdiamond drillcore.Samples are ofsawn halfcore except |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary |
|---|---|---|---|
| techniques and | half or all core taken. | for duplicate samples which are quarter core. Half core is bagged and sent to an | |
| sample preparation | ISO-certified independent laboratory for analysis. The other half retained for | ||
| reference and/or further testwork. | |||
| If non-core, whether riffled, tube sampled, rotary | | Not applicable for diamond core drilling. | |
| split, etc and whether sampled wet or dry. | |||
| For all sample types, the nature, quality and | | All core samples were dried, crushed to 95% <10 mm and a 1.5 kg sub-sample is | |
| appropriateness of the sample preparation | separated using a riffle splitter and pulverised to 95% <75 μm. A 50 g sub-sample | ||
| technique. | is utilised as a fire-assay charge for gold analysis. The sample preparation | ||
| technique and sub-sampling is appropriate for the mineralisation. | |||
| Quality control procedures adopted for all sub- | | Blank samples and duplicate samples are submitted routinely to monitor the | |
| sampling stages to maximise representivity of | sampling and analytical process and to ensure that samples are representative of | ||
| samples. | in situ material. One in every 20 samples of half core is sawn again to produce two | ||
| quarter core duplicate samples which are submitted to the laboratory separately | |||
| with different sample numbers. A blank sample was inserted into sample batches at every 20thsample. |
|||
| Measures taken to ensure that the sampling is | | The magnetite skarn mineralisation occurs in extensive zones of magnetite skarn | |
| representative of the in situ material collected, | with disseminated chalcopyrite, containing gold. The sample size of approximately | ||
| including for instance results for field | 1 m core length is suitable in respect to the grain size of the mineralisation. | ||
| duplicate/second-half sampling. | |||
| Whether sample sizes are appropriate to the grain | | The sample size is considered appropriate for the material sampled. It is believed | |
| size of the material being sampled. | that grainsizehasno bearing onthe grade ofthe sampledmaterial. | ||
| Quality of assay | The nature, quality and appropriateness of the | | All core samples were analysed at an ISO-certified independent laboratory. Gold |
| data and laboratory | assaying and laboratory procedures used and | was analysed by 50 g fire assay and the other elements including copper and iron | |
| tests | whether the technique is considered partial or | were analysed by ICP-MS or ICP-OES following a four acid digest. The sample | |
| total. | preparation and assay techniques are of international industry standard and can be | ||
| considered total. | |||
| For geophysical tools, spectrometers, handheld | | No geophysical tools were used for any analysis reported herein. Magnetic | |
| XRF instruments, etc, the parameters used in | susceptibility readings are used in magnetic modelling but are not used to estimate | ||
| determining the analysis including instrument | magnetite or Fe content. | ||
| make and model, reading times, calibrations | |||
| factors applied and their derivation, etc. |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nature of quality control procedures adopted (e.g. | | Quality control completed by RTG included analysis of standards, blanks, and | |
| standards, blanks, duplicates, external laboratory checks) and whether acceptable levels of |
duplicates. Commercial Certified Reference Materials were inserted into sample batches every 40thsample. A blank sample was inserted every 20thsample; the |
||
| accuracy (ie lack of bias) and precision have been | blank sample material has been sourced and prepared from a local quarry. One in | ||
| established. | every 20 core samples is cut into 2 quarter core samples which were submitted | ||
| independently with their own sample numbers. In addition, Intertek conducted their | |||
| own extensive check sampling as part of their own internal QAQC processes which | |||
| is reported in the assay sheets. A record of results from all duplicates, blanks and | |||
| standards is maintained for ongoing QA/QC assessment. Examination of all the | |||
| QAQC sample data indicates satisfactory performance of field sampling protocols | |||
| and the assaylaboratory. | |||
| Verification of | The verification of significant intersections by | | Significant mineralisation intersections were verified by alternative company |
| sampling and | either independent or alternative company | personnel. | |
| assaying | personnel. | ||
| The use of twinned holes. | | No twinned holes have been drilled. | |
| Documentation of primary data, data entry | | Data documentation, verification and storage is conducted in accordance with | |
| procedures, data verification, data storage | RTG’s Standard Operating Procedures Manual for the Mabilo Project. The diamond | ||
| (physical and electronic) protocols. | drill core is manually logged in significant detail in a number of separate Excel | ||
| template logging sheets. Logging is recorded manually on logging sheets and | |||
| transcribed into protected Excel spreadsheet templates or entered directly into the | |||
| Excel templates. The data are validated by both the Project Geologist and the | |||
| company Database Manager and uploaded to the dedicated project database | |||
| where they are merged with assay results reported digitally by the laboratory. Hard | |||
| copies of all logging sheets are kept at the Project office in Daet. | |||
| Discuss any adjustment to assay data. | | No adjustmentshave been made to assay data. | |
| Location of data | Accuracy and quality of surveys used to locate drill | |
Drill-hole collars are initially surveyed with a hand-held GPS with an accuracy of |
| points | holes (collar and down-hole surveys), trenches, | approximately +/- 5 m. Completed holes are surveyed by an independent qualified | |
| mine workings and other locations used in Mineral | surveyor on a periodic basis using standard differential GPS (DGPS) equipment | ||
| Resource estimation. | achieving sub-decimetre accuracy in horizontal and vertical position. | ||
| Specification of the grid system used. | | Drill collars are surveyed in UTM WGS84 Zone 51N grid. | |
| Quality and adequacy of topographic control. | | The Mabilo project area is relatively flat with total variation in topography less than | |
| 15 m. Topographic control isprovided byDGPS surveying. | |||
| Data spacing and | Data spacing for reporting of Exploration Results. | | Drill holes areplanned on a nominalgrid with 20 m between drill holes on 40 m |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary |
|---|---|---|---|
| distribution | spaced lines. | ||
| Whether the data spacing and distribution is | | The drill hole spacing was designed to determine the continuity and extent of the | |
| sufficient to establish the degree of geological and | mineralised skarn zones. Based on statistical assessment of drill results to date, the | ||
| grade continuity appropriate for the Mineral | nominal 40 x 20 m drill hole spacing is sufficient to support Mineral Resource | ||
| Resource and Ore Reserve estimation | estimation. | ||
| procedure(s) and classifications applied. | |||
| Whether sample compositing has been applied. | | No compositingof intervals in the field was undertaken. | |
| Orientation of data | Whether the orientation of sampling achieves | | No bias attributable to orientation of sampling upgrading of results has been |
| in relation to | unbiased sampling of possible structures and the | identified. | |
| geological structure | extent to which this is known, considering the | ||
| deposit type. | |||
| If the relationship between the drilling orientation | | No bias attributable to orientation of sampling upgrading of results has been | |
| and the orientation of key mineralised structures is | identified. | ||
| considered to have introduced a sampling bias, | |||
| this should be assessed and reported if material. | |||
| Sample security | The measures taken to ensure sample security. | | Chain of custody is managed by RTG employees. Samples were stored in secure |
| storage from the time of drilling, through gathering and splitting. Remaining core is | |||
| kept in a secure compound at the Company regional office in Daet town and | |||
| guarded at night. Samples are sent directly from the core shed to the laboratory | |||
| packed in secured and sealed plastic drums using either Company vehicles or a | |||
| local transport company. A standard Chain of Custody form is signed by the driver | |||
| responsible for transporting the samples upon receipt of samples at the core yard | |||
| and is signed by an employee of the laboratory on receipt of the samples at the | |||
| laboratory. Completed forms are returned to the Companyfor filing. | |||
| Audits or reviews | The results of any audits or reviews of sampling | | The sampling techniques and QA/QC data are reviewed on an ongoing basis by |
| techniques and data. | Companymanagement and independent consultants. |
Section 2 Reporting of Exploration Results
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mineral tenement | Type, reference name/number, location and | | The Mabilo Project is covered by Exploration Permit EP-014-2013-V and |
| and land tenure | ownership including agreements or material issues | Exploration Permit Application EXPA-000188-V. EP-014-2013-V was issued to Mt | |
| status | with third parties such as joint ventures, | Labo Exploration and Development Corporation (“Mt Labo”), an associated entity of | |
| partnerships, overriding royalties, native title | RTG Mining Inc. There is a 1% royalty payable on net mining revenue received by | ||
| interests, historical sites, wilderness or nationalpark | Mt Labo in relation to EP-014-2013-V. |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary |
|---|---|---|---|
| and environmental settings. | Mt Labo has entered into a joint venture agreement with Galeo Equipment and | ||
| Mining Company, Inc. (“Galeo”) to partner in exploring and developing the Mabilo | |||
| and Nalesbitan Projects. Galeo can earn up to a 36% interest in the Projects, down | |||
| to 200 m below surface, by contributing approximately US$4,250,000 of exploration | |||
| drilling and management services for the Projects over a 2 year period. | |||
| In November 2013, Sierra Mining Limited (“Sierra”), a wholly owned subsidiary of | |||
| RTG, and Galeo signed a Memorandum of Understanding (“MOU”) setting out | |||
| proposed changes to the joint venture agreement to remove the depth limit of 200 | |||
| m from the agreement and provide for additional drilling of 5,000 m below 200 m. | |||
| The MOU also provides for Galeo to be granted its 36% interest up front with the | |||
| ability for RTG to claw-back any interest deemed not earned at the end of the claw- | |||
| back period. The amendments to the JV Agreement are subject to Sierra | |||
| shareholder approval. | |||
| Sierra has also entered a second MOU with Galeo whereby Galeo can earn an | |||
| additional 6% interest in the joint venture by mining the initial 1.5 Mt of waste at | |||
| Mabilo or Nalesbitan and other requirements including assistance with permitting. | |||
| The MOU is subject to a number of conditions precedent, including Sierra | |||
| shareholder approval. | |||
| The security of the tenure held at the time of | | The tenure over the area currently being explored at Mabilo is a granted | |
| reporting along with any known impediments to | Exploration Permit which is considered secure. There is no native title or | ||
| obtaining a license to operate in the area. | Indigenous ancestral domains claims at Mabilo. | ||
| Exploration done by | Acknowledgment and appraisal of exploration by | | The only significant previous exploration over the Mabilo project area was a drilling |
| other parties | other parties. | program at another site within the tenement and a ground magnetic survey. RTG | |
| (or its predecessor Sierra) has reported this data in previous reports to the ASX and | |||
| used the ground magnetic survey as a basis for initial drill siting. Subsequently RTG | |||
| conducted its own ground magnetic survey with closer spaced survey lines and | |||
| reading intervals which supersedes the historical program. There was no known | |||
| previous exploration inthe area ofthereportedMineral Resource. | |||
| Geology | Deposit type, geological setting and style of | | Mineralisation at Mabilo can be defined as a magnetite-copper-gold skarn which |
| mineralisation. | developed where the magnetite-copper-gold mineralisation replaced calcareous | ||
| horizons in the Eocene age Tumbaga Formation in the contact zone of a Miocene | |||
| diorite intrusion. | |||
| Drill hole | A summary of all information material to the | | All relevant drill hole information has been previously reported to the ASX. No |
| Information | understanding of the exploration results including a | material changes have occurred to this information since it was originally reported. | |
| tabulation of the following information for all Material | |||
| drill holes: | |||
o easting and northing of the drill hole collar |
|||
o elevation or RL(Reduced Level – elevation |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary |
|---|---|---|---|
| above sea level in metres) of the drill hole collar | |||
o dip and azimuth of the hole |
|||
o down hole length and interception depth |
|||
o hole length. |
|||
| If the exclusion of this information is justified on the | | All relevant data has been reported. | |
| basis that the information is not Material and this | |||
| exclusion does not detract from the understanding of | |||
| the report, the Competent Person should clearly | |||
| explain why this is the case. | |||
| Data aggregation | In reporting Exploration Results, weighting averaging | |
Not reporting exploration results. |
| methods | techniques, maximum and/or minimum grade | ||
| truncations (e.g. cutting of high grades) and cut-off | |||
| grades are usually Material and should be stated. | |||
| Where aggregate intercepts incorporate short | | Not reporting exploration results. | |
| lengths of high grade results and longer lengths of | |||
| low grade results, the procedure used for such | |||
| aggregation should be stated and some typical | |||
| examples of such aggregations should be shown in | |||
| detail. | |||
| The assumptions used for any reporting of metal | | Based on preliminary metallurgical testwork undertaken by previous owners, | |
| equivalent values should be clearly stated. | including flotation and magnetic separation, the following assumptions for gold | ||
| equivalents are:- | |||
| Gold Price US$1,150/oz Gold recovery – 90% | |||
| Copper Price US$6,700/t Copper recovery – 90% | |||
| Silver Price US$15.50/oz Silver recovery – 60% | |||
| Iron Price US$90/t Iron recovery – 70% | |||
| The calculation for gold equivalent values was based on the following formula: | |||
| AuEq=((0.9AuOz$1,150)+(0.9CuMetal$6,700)+(0.7FeMetal$90)+ | |||
| (0.6AgOz$15.5))/$1,150 | |||
| Relationship between | These relationships are particularly important in the |
| The Mabilo drill have been drilled both vertically and inclined. The orientation of the |
| mineralisation | reporting of Exploration Results. | mineralised bodies is based on interpretation of geology from drill holes supported | |
| widths and intercept | by magnetic modelling which indicates that much of the mineralisation is dipping to | ||
| lengths | the southwest. | ||
| If the geometry of the mineralisation with respect to | | The interpreted orientation of the mineralised bodies is based on magnetic | |
| the drill hole angle is known, its nature should be | modellingand drill-hole data and is documented in the report. The fact that the |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary |
|---|---|---|---|
| reported. | intersections are in a dipping body and therefore not true widths has been reported. | ||
| If it is not known and only the down hole lengths are | | No intervals reported can be assumed to be a true width of the mineralisation. | |
| reported, there should be a clear statement to this | |||
| _effect(eg ‘down hole length, true width not known’). _ | |||
| Diagrams | Appropriate maps and sections (with scales) and | | Refer to figures within the main body of this report. |
| tabulations of intercepts should be included for any | |||
| significant discovery being reported These should | |||
| include, but not be limited to a plan view of drill hole | |||
| collar locations and appropriate sectional views. | |||
| Balanced reporting | Where comprehensive reporting of all Exploration | | Not applicable. |
| Results is not practicable, representative reporting of | |||
| both low and high grades and/or widths should be | |||
| practiced to avoid misleading reporting of | |||
| Exploration Results. | |||
| Other substantive | Other exploration data, if meaningful and material, | | All meaningful exploration data concerning the Mabilo Project has been reported in |
| exploration data | should be reported including (but not limited to): | previous reports to the ASX. | |
| geological observations; geophysical survey results; | |||
| geochemical survey results; bulk samples – size and | |||
| method of treatment; metallurgical test results; bulk | |||
| density, groundwater, geotechnical and rock | |||
| characteristics; potential deleterious or | |||
| contaminating substances. | |||
| Further work | The nature and scale of planned further work (e.g. | | Drilling is ongoing at the Mabilo Project which will systematically test magnetic |
| tests for lateral extensions or depth extensions or | bodies and step-out targets along strike and between the North Mineralised Zone | ||
| large-scale step-out drilling). | and the South Mineralised Zone as well as down-dip from these zones. | ||
| Diagrams clearly highlighting the areas of | | Refer to figures within the main body of this report. | |
| possible extensions, including the main | |||
| geological interpretations and future drilling | |||
| areas, provided this information is not | |||
| commercially sensitive. | |||
| Section 3 Estimation and Reporting of Mineral Resources | |||
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | |
| Database integrity | Measures taken to ensure that data has not been | | Data used in the Mineral Resource estimate is sourced from a data base export. |
| corrupted by, for example, transcription or keying | Relevant tables from the data base are exported to MS Excel format and converted | ||
| errors, between its initial collection and its use for | to csv format for import into Datamine Studio 3 software for use in the Mineral |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mineral Resource estimation purposes. | Resource estimate. | ||
| Data validation procedures used. | Validation of the data import include checks for overlapping intervals, missing |
||
| surveydata,missingassaydata,missinglithological data,and missingcollars. | |||
| Site visits | Comment on any site visits undertaken by the | A |
representative of the Competent Person (CP) has visited the project on several |
| Competent Person and the outcome of those visits. | occasions, most recently in July 2014. Diamond drilling programs were underway | ||
| at | Mabilo during the most recent site visit. The CP’s representative was able to | ||
| review drilling and sampling procedures, as well as examine the mineralisation | |||
| occurrence and associated geological features. Sample storage facilities and the | |||
| analytical laboratory in Manilla have also been inspected. There were no negative | |||
| outcomes from any of the above inspections, and all samples and geological data | |||
| were deemed fit for use in the Mineral Resource estimate. | |||
| If no site visits have been undertaken indicate why | Not applicable. |
||
| this is the case. | |||
| Geological | Confidence in (or conversely, the uncertainty of) the | The geology and mineral distribution of the system is reasonably complex, and is |
|
| interpretation | geological interpretation of the mineral deposit. | being constantly refined as more drilling is undertaken. As such the CP has taken | |
| a conservative approach to Mineral Resource classification. | |||
| Nature of the data used and of any assumptions | Drill hole intercept logging, assay results and structural interpretations from drill |
||
| made. | core have formed the basis for the geological interpretation. Assumptions have | ||
| been made on the depth and strike extents of the skarn mineralisation interpreted | |||
| at | depth based on limited drilling and geophysical information. | ||
| The effect, if any, of alternative interpretations on | The extents of the modelled zones are generally reasonably well constrained by |
||
| Mineral Resource estimation. | the geological model interpretation which is based on the drill logging and | ||
| geophysical data. Different interpretations of the mineralisation have been | |||
| undertaken to assess the influence on Mineral Resource estimation and hence | |||
| project economics. Where geological interpretation has a high degree of | |||
| uncertainty it is classified as Inferred regardless of modelling parameters. | |||
| The use of geology in guiding and controlling | Geology has been the primary influence in controlling the Mineral Resource |
||
| Mineral Resource estimation. | estimation. Wireframes have been constructed for the various lithological zones | ||
| based on style of mineralisation, host rock and oxidation state as determined by | |||
| the core logging and assaying. | |||
| The factors affecting continuity both of grade and | Continuity of geology and structures can be identified and traced between drillholes |
||
| _geology. _ | byvisual, geophysical andgeochemical characteristics. Breccia zones interpreted |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| to | relate to fault structures have been noted in the drill core and have been | |||
| modelled. | ||||
| Dimensions | The extent and variability of the Mineral Resource | The South Mineralised Zone (SMZ) is interpreted as having a 400 m strike length, |
||
| expressed as length (along strike or otherwise), | is | 20 to 40 m in true width, with vertical depth up to 240 m from roughly 50 m below | ||
| plan width, and depth below surface to the upper | surface. The North Mineralised Zone (NMZ) has a strike extent of roughly 100 m, | |||
| and lower limits of the Mineral Resource. | true width between 20 m and 60 m and depth extent of 135 m from roughly 40 m | |||
| below surface. | ||||
| Estimation and | The nature and appropriateness of the estimation | The mineralisation has been estimated using ordinary kriging (OK) and inverse |
||
| modelling techniques | technique(s) applied and key assumptions, | distance to the power 2 (IDS) techniques in Datamine Studio 3 software. 30 | ||
| including treatment of extreme grade values, | mineralised lenses have been interpreted and are grouped into 15 mineralised | |||
| domaining, interpolation parameters and maximum | lithological domain zones of Cu-Au-Fe mineralisation, based on lens lithology type | |||
| distance of extrapolation from data points. If a | and grade. There are 8 of these zones in the SMZ and 7 zones in the NMZ. | |||
| computer assisted estimation method was chosen | The mineralised lithological domain zones were used as hard boundaries to select | |||
| include a description of computer software and | sample populations for data analysis and grade estimation. Soft boundaries | |||
| parameters used. | between the grouped lodes within the mineralised lithological domain zones and | |||
| hard boundaries between mineralised lithological domain zones have been used in | ||||
| the | grade estimation. Statistical analysis was completed on each zone to | |||
| determine appropriate top-cuts to apply to outlier grades of Fe, Au, Cu and Ag | ||||
| where required. OK was used for the majority of zones with IDS used for 4 zones | ||||
| with low sample numbers. | ||||
| The availability of check estimates, previous | For |
this maiden Mineral Resource OK and IDS estimates are completed | ||
| estimates and/or mine production records and | concurrently in a number of estimation runs with varying parameters. The results | |||
| whether the Mineral Resource estimate takes | are | compared against each other and the drill hole results to ensure a reasonable | ||
| appropriate account of such data. | estimate, that best honours the drill sample data is reported. | |||
| No | mining has yet taken place at these deposits. | |||
| The assumptions made regarding recovery of by- | Ag |
has been estimated and is assumed to be also recoverable as part of the Au | ||
| products. | recovery processes. | |||
| Estimation of deleterious elements or other non- | Potentially deleterious As and S have been estimated into the model to assist with |
|||
| grade variables of economic significance (eg | future metallurgical work and mining studies, but are not reported at this stage. | |||
| sulphur for acid mine drainage characterisation). | ||||
| In the case of block model interpolation, the block | Interpreted domains are built into a sub-celled block model with 20m N-S by 20m |
|||
| size in relation to the average sample spacing and | E-W by 4m vertical parent block size. Parent block size is chosen based on being | |||
| the search employed. | roughly half the average drill spacing over the majority of the deposit areas. Search | |||
| ellipsoids for each estimation zone have been orientated based on theirgeometry |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | |
|---|---|---|---|
| and grade continuity. Sample numbers per block estimate and ellipsoid axial | |||
| search ranges have been tailored to geometry and data density of each zone to | |||
| ensure the majority of the model is estimated within the first search pass. The | |||
| search ellipse is doubled for a second search pass and increased 20 fold for a third | |||
| search pass to ensure all blocks were estimated. Sample numbers required per | |||
| block estimate have been reduced with each search pass. | |||
| Any assumptions behind modelling of selective | No |
assumptions have been made as no mining studies have been completed. | |
| mining units. | |||
| Any assumptions about correlation between | No |
assumptions have been made with each element separately estimated. | |
| variables. | Statistical analysis shows a generally good correlation between Au and Cu grades | ||
| in unweathered zones and poor correlation in weathered zones. | |||
| Description of how the geological interpretation was | Soft boundaries between the grouped lodes within the mineralised lithological |
||
| used to control the resource estimates. | domain zones and hard boundaries between mineralised lithological domain zones | ||
| have been used in the grade estimation. | |||
| Discussion of basis for using or not using grade | Statistical analysis to check grade population distributions using histograms, |
||
| cutting or capping. | probability plots and summary statistics and the co-efficient of variation, was | ||
| completed on each zone for the estimated elements. Outlier grades were variously | |||
| found for most elements in the different mineralised lithological domain zones and | |||
| appropriate top-cuts where applied to remove undue influence of these outlier | |||
| grades on the grade estimation for each zone. | |||
| The process of validation, the checking process | Validation checks included statistical comparison between drill sample grades, the |
||
| used, the comparison of model data to drill hole | OK | and IDS estimate results for each zone. Visual validation of grade trends for | |
| data, and use of reconciliation data if available. | each element along the drill sections was completed and trend plots comparing drill | ||
| sample grades and model grades for northings, eastings and elevation were | |||
| completed. These checks show reasonable correlation between estimated block | |||
| grades and drill sample grades. No reconciliation data is available as no mining | |||
| has takenplace. | |||
| Moisture | Whether the tonnages are estimated on a dry basis | Tonnages have been estimated on a dry in situ basis. No moisture values were |
|
| or with natural moisture, and the method of | reviewed. | ||
| determination of the moisture content. | |||
| Cut-off parameters | The basis of the adopted cut-off grade(s) or quality | For |
some lithological units nominal lower cut-off grades of a combination of 0.3 g/t |
| parameters applied. | Au | and 0.3 % Cu were used to define continuous mineralised lenses, under the | |
| assumption that thesegrades would be close to a minimum economic breakeven |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | |
|---|---|---|---|
| grade. | |||
| Mining factors or | Assumptions made regarding possible mining | It |
has been assumed that these deposits will be amenable to open cut mining |
| assumptions | methods, minimum mining dimensions and internal | methods, and are economic to exploit with this methodology at the reported | |
| (or, if applicable, external) mining dilution. It is | average model grades. No assumptions regarding minimum mining widths and | ||
| always necessary as part of the process of | dilution have been made to date. | ||
| determining reasonable prospects for eventual | |||
| economic extraction to consider potential mining | |||
| methods, but the assumptions made regarding | |||
| mining methods and parameters when estimating | |||
| Mineral Resources may not always be rigorous. | |||
| Where this is the case, this should be reported with | |||
| an explanation of the basis of the mining | |||
| assumptions made. | |||
| Metallurgical factors | The basis for assumptions or predictions regarding |
No assumptions regarding metallurgical amenability have been made. Metallurgical |
|
| or assumptions | metallurgical amenability. It is always necessary as | testwork is currently being undertaken and results from this work will be | |
| part of the process of determining reasonable | incorporated into future model updates. The oxide portions of similar deposits in | ||
| prospects for eventual economic extraction to | the region are being successfully exploited by other entities, and it is assumed that | ||
| consider potential metallurgical methods, but the | these zones can be economically exploited at the modelled grades. It is assumed | ||
| assumptions regarding metallurgical treatment | that the un-weathered mineralised material will be readily upgraded where | ||
| processes and parameters made when reporting | necessary, using standard gravity, magnetic processes and/or froth flotation | ||
| Mineral Resources may not always be rigorous. | concentration techniques as appropriate for the different product streams. | ||
| Where this is the case, this should be reported with | |||
| an explanation of the basis of the metallurgical | |||
| assumptions made. | |||
| Environmental | Assumptions made regarding possible waste and | No assumptions regarding possible waste and process residue disposal options |
|
| factors or | process residue disposal options. It is always | have been made. It is assumed that such disposal will not present a significant | |
| assumptions | necessary as part of the process of determining | hurdle to exploitation of the deposit and that any disposal and potential | |
| reasonable prospects for eventual economic | environmental impacts would be correctly managed as required under the | ||
| extraction to consider the potential environmental | regulatory permitting conditions. | ||
| impacts of the mining and processing operation. | |||
| While at this stage the determination of potential | |||
| environmental impacts, particularly for a greenfields | |||
| project, may not always be well advanced, the | |||
| status of early consideration of these potential | |||
| environmental impacts should be reported. Where | |||
| these aspects have not been considered this | |||
| should be reported with an explanation of the | |||
| environmental assumptions made. |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| Bulk density | Whether assumed or determined. If assumed, the | In-situ dry bulk density values have been applied to the modelled mineralisation |
| basis for the assumptions. If determined, the | based on linear regression formulas for weathered and unweathered material | |
| method used, whether wet or dry, the frequency of | separately. This is based on reasonable correlations having been found between | |
| the measurements, the nature, size and | measured bulk density results and Fe. Of the 674 measurements taken, 435 have | |
| representativeness of the samples. | assay result data, with 177 falling within the interpreted mineralised zones. | |
| The bulk density for bulk material must have been | Density measurements have been taken on drill samples using wax coated water |
|
| measured by methods that adequately account for | displacement methods, from all different lithological types. | |
| void spaces (vugs, porosity, etc), moisture and | ||
| differences between rock and alteration zones | ||
| within the deposit. | ||
| Discuss assumptions for bulk density estimates | With the reasonable correlation between Fe grade and bulk density, it is assumed |
|
| used in the evaluation process of the different | that use of the regression formulas describing this relationship is an appropriate | |
| materials. | method of representing the expected variability in bulk density for the grade | |
| estimated mineralised blocks. | ||
| Classification | The basis for the classification of the Mineral | Classification of the Mineral Resource estimates was carried out taking into |
| Resources into varying confidence categories. | account the level of geological understanding of the deposit, quality of samples, | |
| density data and drill hole spacing. | ||
| Whether appropriate account has been taken of all | The classification reflects areas of lower and higher geological confidence in |
|
| relevant factors (ie relative confidence in | mineralised lithological domain continuity based the intersecting drill sample data | |
| tonnage/grade estimations, reliability of input data, | numbers, spacing and orientation. Overall mineralisation trends are reasonably | |
| confidence in continuity of geology and metal | consistent within the various lithotypes over numerous drill sections. | |
| values, quality, quantity and distribution of the | ||
| data). | ||
| Whether the result appropriately reflects the | The Mineral Resource estimate appropriately reflects the view of the Competent |
|
| Competent Person’s view of the deposit. | Person. | |
| Audits or reviews | The results of any audits or reviews of Mineral | Internal audits were completed by CSA Global which verified the technical inputs, |
| Resource estimates. | methodology, parameters and results of the estimate. | |
| No external audits have been undertaken. | ||
| Discussion of | Where appropriate a statement of the relative | The relative accuracy of the Mineral Resource estimate is reflected in the reporting |
| relative accuracy/ | accuracy and confidence level in the Mineral | of the Mineral Resource as per the guidelines of the 2012 JORC Code. |
| confidence | Resource estimate using an approach or procedure | |
| deemed appropriate by the Competent Person. For | ||
| example, the application of statistical or | ||
| geostatisticalprocedures toquantify the relative |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| accuracy of the resource within stated confidence | ||
| limits, or, if such an approach is not deemed | ||
| appropriate, a qualitative discussion of the factors | ||
| that could affect the relative accuracy and | ||
| confidence of the estimate. | ||
| The statement should specify whether it relates to | The Mineral Resource statement relates to global estimates of in-situ tonnes and |
|
| global or local estimates, and, if local, state the | grade. | |
| relevant tonnages, which should be relevant to | ||
| technical and economic evaluation. Documentation | ||
| should include assumptions made and the | ||
| procedures used. | ||
| These statements of relative accuracy and | The deposit has not, and is not currently being mined. |
|
| confidence of the estimate should be compared | ||
| withproduction data, where available. |