AI assistant
RTG Mining Inc. — Capital/Financing Update 2016
Mar 17, 2016
47130_rns_2016-03-17_1e037392-d1df-43a5-8d46-00822ede69b2.pdf
Capital/Financing Update
Open in viewerOpens in your device viewer
Level 2, 338 Barker Road Subiaco WA 6008 Phone: +61 8 6489 2900 www.rtgmining.com
==> picture [148 x 86] intentionally omitted <==
ABN: 70 164 362 850
RTG ANNOUNCES COMPLETION OF FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR THE MABILO COPPER‐GOLD PROJECT
Supports Robust New Development Project even at current lower Commodity Prices 33% IRR After Tax
Lowest quartile costs with US$0.42/lb Cu Eq and US$224/oz Au Eq for DSO and US$0.80/lb Cu Eq and US$425/oz Au Eq for Concentrate Production
33% Increase in NPV approx. with only 10% Lift in Commodity Prices
Probable Reserves at
5.26 g/t Au Equivalent Grade (before recoveries) or
4.1% Cu Equivalent Grade (before recoveries)
18 March 2016
RTG Mining Inc. (“RTG”, the “Company”) (TSX Code: RTG, ASX Code: RTG) is pleased to announce the results from an independent Feasibility Study (“FS”) for 100% of the high grade Mabilo Copper/Gold Project (the “Project”) in southeast Luzon, Philippines. The Feasibility Study demonstrates the potential for Mabilo to outperform, specifically reinforcing the resilience of the Project despite current commodity prices. The Project is both high grade and low cost underpinning the robust economics presented in the FS including a 33% IRR after tax (43.6% with only a 10% lift in commodity prices) and an equivalent operating cost of US$0.80/lb copper equivalent or US$425/oz gold equivalent for concentrate production.
“RTG targets high grade, low operating cost gold projects with low technical and project risk,” said Justine Magee, CEO, RTG Mining. “Since investing in the Mabilo Project in June 2014, the Company has added significant value through rapid and successful exploration to delineate a substantial resource (see November 11, 2015 press release), and again in maintaining this accelerated pace through to a full FS in less than 15 months from the maiden resource.
The high quality resource at Mabilo presents RTG with an excellent near term development opportunity that is financially robust, attractive to potential debt providers, and with additional drilling the resource is expected to grow further, which will only enhance the already strong financials. We look forward to first production and to bringing continued value to our shareholders.”
The Mabilo Project is a joint venture between Mt. Labo Exploration and Development Corporation (“Mt. Labo”) and Galeo Equipment Corporation in the Philippines.
MABILO 1.35 Mtpa CASE HIGHLIGHTS*
A Robust New Development Opportunity
| Probable Mineral Reserves: | 7.792Mt @ 2.04 g/t Au, 1.95% Cu, 8.79 g/t Ag, 45.5% Fe |
|---|---|
| Containing 1.3Moz Au equivalent at 5.26 g/t (before recoveries) | |
| Containing 316Kt Cu equivalent at 4.1% (before recoveries) | |
| IRR (after tax): | 33.4% (US$5000/t Cu, US$1200/oz Au and US$50/t Fe) |
| Payback for Plant: | 2.5 years |
| DSO Capex: | US$17.4M |
| DSO Opex | US$0.42/lb Cu equivalent |
| US$224/oz Au equivalent | |
| DSO Production | 25,000t of Cu and 39,000oz Au |
| 34,700t of Cu equivalent | |
| 144,000oz of Au equivalent | |
| Plant Capex | US$161.4M (includes US$14.8M of recoverable VAT) |
| Plant Pre‐strip | US$24.4M (includes US$2.6M of recoverable VAT) |
| Plant Opex: | $0.80/lb Cu equivalent |
| $425/oz Au equivalent | |
| Plant Annual Production | 38,300t Cu equivalent |
| Contained Metal: | 160,000oz Au equivalent |
*The FS is based on a treatment rate of 1Mtpa. A treatment rate of 1.35Mtpa was also considered in an upside case. Factored indicative capital and operating cost estimates were developed for a planned throughput of 1.35 Mtpa.
DEVELOPMENT SCHEDULE
Optimized Approach to Maximize Returns at Mabilo
Project implementation is planned to be executed in two key stages. Stage 1 is intended to minimize initial capital requirements through a Direct Shipping Ore (“DSO”) Operation of an exceptionally high grade, near surface oxide portion of the Mabilo Resource. By utilization of existing infrastructure within easy transport of the Project, the joint venture is able to defer the more capital intensive components of primary production. The early cash flow generated by the DSO should then also minimize any possible equity dilution in the financing of the Stage 2 Primary Production Plant.
Stage 1 will mine the oxide ore down to 30 Relative Level (95m below surface). Three main products will be produced from this oxide mining stage.
-
Gold cap ore will be crushed on site and trucked to a nearby existing CIL processing plant. The plant is planned to be upgraded to 300,000tpa throughput and will likely be operated by the Mabilo Joint Venture personnel.
-
Both oxide skarn and high‐grade supergene chalcocite will be crushed on site with a plan to truck to the existing Larup Port, within 40km, for direct shipping.
Stage 2 of the operation involves processing of primary ore through a purpose‐built plant on site. The Mabilo process plant is planned to be built in parallel with the oxide mining phase and Stage 2 permitting process. The processing plant will be a simple crush, grind, float plant with low technical risk, producing three concentrates for sale and is estimated to require approximately 15 months for construction.
Both mining stages are financially robust with the DSO enabling start up and early generation of cash flow within 4‐5 months of finalizing the DSO operating permits . The capital expenditure required for the DSO is relatively nominal at approximately US$18M and is capable of generating net operating cash flow after tax in the order of US$ 68M (based on US$5,000/t Cu, US$1,200/oz Au and US$50/t Fe).
Mt. Labo is currently in the final stages of obtaining the necessary operating permits for the first stage of production with timing ultimately dependent on the regulatory processes in the Philippines. The Company is also in discussions with potential debt financiers for the project development.
MABILO FEASIBILITY ECONOMICS (AFTER‐TAX)
Highly Sensitive to Both a Growth in Commodity Prices and Resources
The robust feasibility results provide the foundation to grow the Project while generating early cashflows. Mabilo is highly sensitive to both a growth in commodity prices and resources. The 1.35Mtpa case project IRR escalates from 33% to 43.5%* with only a 10% increase in commodity price assumptions. The FS, compiled by Lycopodium Minerals Pty Ltd (“Lycopodium”), is based on the inputs from a number of consultants and the Mabilo
Joint Venture (“MJV”) including Lycopodium, CSA Global Pty Ltd, Orelogy Consultants Pty Ltd, Orway Mineral Consultants Pty Ltd, Knight Piesold Pty Ltd and Conrad Partners Limited.
| 1 Mtpa Case |
1.35Mtpa Case |
10% Increase in Commodity Prices to 1.35 Mtpa |
20% Increase in Commodity Prices to 1.35 Mtpa |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Financial Analysis* | ||||
| IRR | 26.09% | 33.45% | 43.62% | 56.29% |
| NPV 0% 5% 8% |
US$197M US$126M US$96M |
US$223M US$156M US$125M |
US$285M 28% Increase US$207M 33% Increase US$171M 37% Increase |
US$361M 63% Increase US$269M 72% Increase US$226M 81% Increase |
| Payback for Plant(Years) | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.42 | 2.25 |
*All the economics, including calculations of equivalent estimates referred to in this announcement are based on the following commodity price assumptions: US$5000/t Cu, US$1200/oz Au and US$50/t 62% Fe. The FS is based on a 1 Mtpa plant base case. Factored indicative capital and operating cost estimates were developed for a planned throughput of 1.35 Mtpa.
Separately, there remains significant upside in the Project from both extensions to the North Mineralised Zone and Inferred Resources contained within the pit. 41% of the 3.91Mt Inferred Resource falls within the final design of the pit, representing 1.61Mt at 1.22% Cu and 1.21g/t Au that could provide near term potential to significantly grow the resource. The pit optimization study shows that an increase in shell size by 19% results in a 24% increase in undiscounted cashflows.
OVERVIEW OF PLANNED OPERATIONS
Producing 3 High Quality Concentrates Through the Plant
The FS on the construction and operation of the plant forms the basis for the life of mine plan, which incorporates both the Stage 1 mining and DSO on the oxide ore and the Stage 2 development of a processing plant for the primary ore. The primary plant will include a simple crush, grind, float facility with thickening and filtration to produce 3 high quality concentrates. The plant produces the following three (3) high‐grade products:
-
27% Cu and 21g/t Au concentrate
-
3g/t Au pyrite concentrate
-
65% magnetite concentrate
The FS is based on a treatment rate of 1 Mtpa. A factored case at a treatment rate of 1.35 Mtpa was also considered by applying a factor of 7.3% to the capital costs. Given the planned operating throughput is likely based on the 1.35Mtpa case, sensitivity modeling for the 1.35 Mtpa case is shown below indicating strong operating and economic results:
| 1.35Mtpa Case* | 10% Increase in Commodity Prices* |
20% Increase in Commodity Prices* |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Oxide/DSO | |||
| Capex | US$17.4M | ||
| Cu Produced | 25,000 t | ||
| Au Produced | 39,000 oz | ||
| CuEq Produced** | 34,700 t | ||
| AuEq Produced** | 144,000 oz | ||
| Net Operating Cashflow before Tax | US$95M | US$110M | US$125M |
| Net Operating Cashflow after Tax | US$68M | US$78M | US$88M |
| Average Costs | |||
| Per Tonne | US$62 | ||
| Per CuEq | US$0.42/lb | ||
| Per AuEq | US$224/oz | ||
| Primary/Plant Operation | |||
| Capex | US$161.37M | ||
| (includes US$14.8M of recoverable VAT) |
|||
| Pre‐ strip for Stage 2 | US$24.37 | ||
| (includes US$2.6M of recoverable VAT) |
|||
| Contained Metal in Average Annual Production |
|||
| Cu | 18,300 t | ||
| Au | 67,000 oz | ||
| Fe | 347,000 t | ||
| CuEq** | 38,300 t | ||
| AuEq** | 160,000 oz | ||
| Ave Annual Net Operating Cashflow before Tax |
US$72.9M | US$84M | US$97M |
| Ave Annual Net Operating Cashflow after Tax |
US$51.8M | US$58M | US$67M |
| Average Costs | |||
| Per Tonne | US$54/t | ||
| Per CuEq | US$0.80/lb | ||
| Per Au Eq | US$425/oz |
| Production Metrics for Stage 2 | Production Metrics for Stage 2 | Production Metrics for Stage 2 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mining | ||||
| Pre‐strip | Mt | 18 | ||
| Average MiningRate | Tpd | 28,400 | ||
| Average Mine Production | Mtpa | 10.4 | ||
| Total Material Mined | Mt | 80.4 | ||
| Overall StripRatio | W:O | 10 | ||
| Processing | ||||
| DailyMill Throughput | Tpd | 3,700 | ||
| Annual Mill Throughput | Tpa | 1,350,000 | ||
| Production | ||||
| Average Annual Cu/Au Con Produced | Tpa | 64,900 | ||
| Average Annual Pyrite Con Produced | Tpa | 219,000 | ||
| Average Annual Magnetite Con Produced | Tpa | 534,000 | ||
| Recoveries | ||||
| Gold Recoveries in Cu/Au Con | % | 55.1 | ||
| Gold Recoveries in Pyrite Con | % | 29.8 | ||
| Copper Recoveries | % | 83.7 | ||
| Silver Recoveries | % | 60.7 | ||
| Iron Recoveries | % | 60.7 | ||
| Payables/NSR ‐ DSO | ||||
| Gold CapOre | % | 100 | ||
| Copper in Oxide Skarn | % | 30 | ||
| Gold in Chalcocite | % | 75 | ||
| Copper in Chalcocite | % | 74 | ||
| Payables/NSR ‐ Plant | ||||
| Copper in Cu/Au Concentrate | % | 87 | ||
| Gold in Cu/Au Concentrate | % | 91 | ||
| Gold in Pyrite Concentrate | % | 50 | ||
| Silver in Cu/Au Concentrate | % | 83 | ||
| Iron in Magnetite Concentrate | % | 100 |
*All the economics, including calculations of equivalent estimates referred to in this announcement are based on the following commodity price assumptions: US$5000/t Cu, US$1200/oz Au and US$50/t 62% Fe. The FS is based on a 1 Mtpa plant base case. Factored indicative capital and operating cost estimates were developed for a planned throughput of 1.35 Mtpa.
** The Copper equivalent tonnes and gold equivalent ounces are based on the following formulas – CuEq = (Cu produced/contained$5000) + (Au produced/contained$1200+ (Any Contained Fe metal produced $50))/$5000 AuEq = (Cu produced/contained$5000) + (Au produced/contained$1200+ (Any Contained Fe metal produced $50))/$1200
MINERAL RESERVES
March 2016 Mineral Reserve Estimate
The Probable Reserve represents an equivalent gold grade for the reserves of 5.26 g/t (before recoveries) containing 1.32 Moz of equivalent gold or an equivalent copper grade of 4.1% (before recoveries) containing 316Kt of equivalent copper** .
| Probable Mineral Reserve Estimate | ||||||||
| Ore | Waste | Strip Ratio | ||||||
| Class | Type | Mt | Fe % | Au g/t | Cu % | Ag **g/t ** |
Mt | |
| Probable | Gold Cap Supergene Oxide Skarn Fresh |
0.351 40.1 3.11 0.38 3.26 0.104 36.5 2.20 20.7 11.9 0.182 43.6 2.52 4.17 19.9 7.155 45.9 1.97 1.70 8.73 |
77.713 | 10.0 | ||||
| Total Probable Ore | 7.792 45.5 2.04 1.95 8.79 |
The gold equivalent grade is based on the following formula – _AuEq=((((AuOz$1,200)+(CuMetal$5,000)+(FeMetal$50)+ (AgOz$14)) / $1,200)/Total ore tonnes)_ The copper equivalent grade is based on the following formula – _CuEq=((((AuOz$1,200)+(CuMetal$5,000)+(FeMetal$50)+ (AgOz*$14)) / $5,000)/Total ore tonnes)_
The November 2015 resource estimation provided by CSA Global Pty Ltd classified the resource for the Mabilo Project as Indicated and Inferred. Only Indicated Mineral Resources as defined in NI 43‐101 were used to establish the Probable Mineral Reserves. No reserves were categorized as Proven.
Application of edge dilution and ore loss to the resource model resulted in a 4% increase in the mining model tonnages and a 5% decrease in gold, copper and silver grades. This mining model was used in all mine planning activities, including pit optimization, mine design and mine scheduling.
Mineral Reserves are quoted within specific pit designs based on indicated resources only and take into consideration the mining, processing, metallurgical, economic and infrastructure modifying factors.
MINERAL RESOURCE ESTIMATE
CSA Global has completed two resource estimates for the Mabilo Project, the first in November 2014 and the second in November 2015. The November 2015 resource was an update of the November 2014 estimate based on infill drilling and formed the basis of the DFS. All resource estimation technical reports were completed in compliance with NI 43‐ 101, JORC and CIM standards. There has been no additional drilling on the deposit since the release of the last resource.
| Mineral Resource Estimate as at November 2015 for the Mabilo Project | Mineral Resource Estimate as at November 2015 for the Mabilo Project | Mineral Resource Estimate as at November 2015 for the Mabilo Project | Mineral Resource Estimate as at November 2015 for the Mabilo Project | Mineral Resource Estimate as at November 2015 for the Mabilo Project | Mineral Resource Estimate as at November 2015 for the Mabilo Project | Mineral Resource Estimate as at November 2015 for the Mabilo Project | Mineral Resource Estimate as at November 2015 for the Mabilo Project | Mineral Resource Estimate as at November 2015 for the Mabilo Project | Mineral Resource Estimate as at November 2015 for the Mabilo Project |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weathering State |
Classification | Million Tonnes |
Cu % |
Au g/t |
Ag g/t |
Fe % | Cu Metal (Kt) |
Au Oz ('000s) |
Fe Metal (Kt) |
| Oxide + Supergene |
Indicated | 0.78 | 4.1 | 2.7 | 9.7 | 41.2 | 32.1 | 67.1 | 320.8 |
| Inferred | 0.05 | 7.8 | 2.3 | 9.6 | 26 | 3.7 | 3.5 | 12.3 | |
| Fresh | Indicated | 8.08 | 1.7 | 2 | 9.8 | 46 | 137.7 | 510.5 | 3,713.70 |
| Inferred | 3.86 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 9.1 | 29.1 | 53.3 | 181.5 | 1,121.80 | |
| Combined | Indicated (Total) |
8.86 | 1.9 | 2 | 9.8 | 45.6 | 169.8 | 577.6 | 4,034.50 |
| Combined | Inferred (Total) |
3.91 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 9.1 | 29 | 57 | 184.9 | 1,134.10 |
| Note: Differences may occur due to rounding. All elements reported as total estimated in‐situ for blocks above 0.3 g/t Au lower cut‐off, no recovery factors have been considered. Mineral Resources that are not Mineral Reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability. |
CAPITAL COSTS
2‐Stage Development: Overall Low Capital Costs
The capital cost estimates were derived from first principles for the 1 Mtpa process plant to an accuracy of +/‐ 15% and then the capital cost estimates were factored with an accuracy of +/‐ 25% for the 1.35 Mtpa process plant.
The capital costs for the Project will be required in two tranches. The first tranche will be prior to oxide mining commencing. The second tranche is planned to coincide with the development and construction schedule associated with Stage 2 of the Project.
| Cost Area | **Stage 1 ‐DSO US$M ** |
|---|---|
| Direct | |
| Pre‐Strip | 3.30 |
| Mobilisation | 0.66 |
| Site Preparation,Roads and Environment | 3.65 |
| Port | 0.30 |
| Buildings and Equipment | 0.55 |
| MiningFacilities | 1.40 |
| Upgrade Apex CIL Plant | 0.71 |
| Direct Works Subtotal | 10.57 |
| Indirect | |
| Land Acquisition | 5.62 |
| Contingency | 1.16 |
| Indirect Subtotal | 6.78 |
| TOTAL OXIDE MINING CAPITAL COSTS | 17.35 |
| Cost Area | Stage 2 – Primary Plant **US$M ** |
|---|---|
| Direct | |
| Treatment Plant | 57.41 |
| Infrastructure,Roads and Port | 31.86 |
| Pit DewateringBores | 1.28 |
| Management Costs | 12.67 |
| Direct Works Subtotal | 103.22 |
| Indirect | |
| Project Indirects | 11.49 |
| Owners Costs | 13.21 |
| Land Acquisition | 4.60 |
| Contingency | 14.02 |
| Value Added Tax | 14.83 |
| Indirect Subtotal | 58.16 |
| TOTAL PRIMARY PLANT CAPITAL COSTS | 161.37 |
OPERATING COSTS
Mabilo is Open Pit, High Grade & Low Cost
The operating cost estimates were derived from first principles for the 1Mtpa process plant and then plant costs were factored with an accuracy of +/‐ 25% for the 1.35Mtpa operating scenario. All costs are in 2015 US dollars. The mining costs were derived from IMC’s Mabilo Mine Operating Cost Estimate Report, which were then reviewed by Orelogy Consulting. The costs are based on a contract mining operation with bench rates ($/bcm), ore rehandle rates ($/t), grade control and dump rehabilitation plus annual fixed mining overheads.
Process plant operating costs for the 1.0Mtpa FS base case were compiled from information sourced by Lycopodium and the MJV:
-
Manning levels and pay rates advised by MJV to suit the proposed process plant unit operations and plant throughput.
-
Consumable prices from supplier budget quotations and the Lycopodium database.
-
Flotation reagent consumption and metal / concentrate recoveries based on laboratory test work results and the mining schedule.
-
Modelling by Orway Mineral Consultants for crushing and grinding energy and consumables, based on ore characteristics derived from relevant test work.
-
First principle estimates, where required, based on typical operating experience or standard industry practice.
-
Benchmarking within the Philippines and comparison with costs at other similar operations.
Processing costs for the 1.35Mtpa upside case were then factored from the FS base case.
The process plant availability has been nominated as 91.3% for milling and downstream operations and 80% for the crushing plant including scheduled and unscheduled maintenance. The product filters will operate in a semi batch mode and a lower operating availability of 75%.
G&A costs were based on current operations in the Philippines and amended to account for the size of the operation and people employed.
| Stage 1 ‐ DSO | Stage 2 – Primary Plant | |
|---|---|---|
| Average Operating Costs | ||
| Mining US$/t mined(includespre‐strip costs) | 1.57 | 1.49 |
| MiningUS$/t ore(excludespre‐stripcosts) | 7.49 | 14.09 |
| ProcessingUS$/t ore | 41.26 | 32.14 |
| G&A US$/t ore | 6.89 | 7.65 |
| Total Operating Cost US$/t ore | 61.91 | 53.89 |
MINING
Mining is planned to be conducted using open pit methods. The ore is to be accessed in a series of stages. The stage designs were generated in order to enhance the scheduling process aiming to defer waste mining as much as practically possible and to bring forward higher‐grade ores. Five (5) meter high benches have been used, given the scale of the operation and the equipment planned for the mining operation. A bench height of 5m mined in two 2½m flitches results in acceptable dilution and ore loss projections. A mining contractor is assumed for both pre‐production and the ongoing development of the mine.
There are three distinct different loading and hauling situations that require different fleets:
-
Pioneering and Pit Development ‐ Pioneering and pit development will be undertaken by 100t excavators (Komatsu PC 1250) and 40t articulated 6WD trucks (Caterpillar 745).
-
Ore and Waste Mining ‐ The main fleet for the ore and waste mining activities consists of 100t excavators and 55t rigid haul trucks (Caterpillar 773).
-
Bulk Waste Mining ‐ A 200t excavator (Komatsu PC 2000) and a fleet of 90t haul trucks (Caterpillar 777) will be used to undertake waste stripping of the last two cutbacks.
Free digging is expected in all oxide materials while fresh rock materials are broken and loosened with drilling and blasting.
METALLURGY AND PROCESSING
The proposed process plant design for the Mabilo Project is based on a robust metallurgical flowsheet designed for optimum recovery with minimum operating costs, based on an initial 1Mtpa throughput, and then upgraded and optimized for a planned 1.35Mtpa
throughput. The flowsheet is constructed from unit operations that are well proven in industry.
The treatment plant design incorporates the following unit process operations:
-
Single stage open circuit primary crushing to produce a crushed product size of 80% passing (P80) 120 mm.
-
A crushed ore surge bin with a nominal capacity of 120t. Surge bin overflow will be conveyed to a dead stockpile of 20,000 tonnes. Ore from the dead stockpile will be reclaimed by front‐end loader (“FEL”) to feed the mill during periods when the crushing circuit is off‐line.
-
Grinding of ore in a SAG mill circuit in closed circuit with hydrocyclones to produce a P80 grind size of 90 µm.
-
Bulk sulphide flotation to recover copper sulphides and gold bearing pyrite.
-
Two‐stage cleaner flotation to recover copper sulphides into a copper concentrate and pyrite into a product for sale.
-
Concentrate thickening and pressure filtration to produce a copper concentrate filter cake.
-
Pyrite thickening and pressure filtration to produce a pyrite concentrate filter cake.
-
Magnetic separation of the bulk sulphide tails to recover magnetite into concentrate.
-
Concentrate thickening and pressure filtration to produce a magnetite concentrate filter cake.
-
Combined tailings pumping to the tailings storage facility (“TSF”).
-
A planned flowsheet for the process is shown below.
==> picture [427 x 141] intentionally omitted <==
==> picture [427 x 142] intentionally omitted <==
Ultimately, the ability to develop and progress the plans as considered in the FS are dependent upon many factors including the ability to secure the necessary permits, working successfully with local communities and governments, securing all necessary surface rights and the support of the Philippine regulatory bodies and our partners.
MARKETING AGREEMENT & DEBT FINANCING
Underway with Positive Progress to Date
Mt. Labo has appointed Conrad Partners, based in Hong Kong, as its agent for the marketing of offtake for both Stage 1, the planned DSO and Stage 2, namely the production of three high grade concentrate products. Conrad Partners has completed a full marketing report for the FS, based on discussions with potential offtake parties and has provided the underlying assumptions used in the compilation of the Life of Mine Financial Model based on the FS results.
RTG is in discussions with a number of potential debt financiers for the Project including both traditional bank debt, derivative instruments and notes and offtake linked facilities. The feedback and progress on the financing has been very positive to date and with the completion of the Feasibility Study, the Company will be able to further advance those discussions with a view to finalizing a mandate with a preferred provider.
ABOUT RTG MINING INC
RTG Mining Inc. is a mining and exploration company listed on the main board of the Toronto Stock Exchange and Australian Securities Exchange Limited. RTG is focused on developing the high‐grade copper/gold/magnetite Mabilo Project and advancing exploration on the highly prospective Bunawan Project, both in the Philippines, while also identifying major new projects which will allow the Company to move quickly and safely to production.
RTG has an experienced management team (previously responsible for the development of the Masbate Gold Mine in the Philippines through CGA Mining Limited), and has B2Gold as one of its major shareholders in the Company. B2Gold is a member of both the S&P/TSX Global Gold and Global Mining Indices.
ENQUIRIES
Australian Contact US Contact President & CEO – Justine Magee Investor Relations – Jaime Wells Tel: +61 8 6489 2900 Mobile: +1 970 640 0611 Fax: +61 8 6489 2920 Email: [email protected] [email protected]
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
This announcement includes certain “forward‐looking statements” within the meaning of Canadian securities legislation. Statement regarding interpretation of exploration results, plans for further exploration and accuracy of mineral resource and mineral reserve estimates and related assumptions and inherent operating risks, are forward‐looking statements. Forward‐looking statements involve various risks and uncertainties and are based on certain factors and assumptions. There can be no assurance that such statements will prove to be accurate, and actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such statements. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from RTG’s expectations include uncertainties related to fluctuations in gold and other commodity prices and currency exchange rates; uncertainties relating to interpretation of drill results and the geology, continuity and grade of mineral deposits; uncertainty of estimates of capital and operating costs, recovery rates, production estimates and estimated economic return; the need for cooperation of government agencies in the development of RTG’s mineral projects; the need to obtain additional financing to develop RTG’s mineral projects; the possibility of delay in development programs or in construction projects and uncertainty of meeting anticipated program milestones for RTG’s mineral projects and other risks and uncertainties disclosed under the heading “Risk Factors” in RTG’s Annual Information Form for the year ended 31 December 2014 filed with the Canadian securities regulatory authorities on the SEDAR website at sedar.com.
QUALIFIED PERSON AND COMPETENT PERSON STATEMENT
The information in this release that relates to exploration results at the Mabilo Project is based upon information prepared by or under the supervision of Robert Ayres BSc (Hons), who is a Qualified Person and a Competent Person. Mr Ayres is a member of the Australian Institute of Geoscientists and a full‐time employee of Mt Labo Exploration and Development Company, a Philippine mining company, an associate company of RTG Mining Limited. Mr Ayres has sufficient experience that is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under consideration and to the activity being undertaken, to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the “Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves” and to qualify as a “Qualified Person” under National Instrument 43‐101 – Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects (“NI 43‐101”). Mr. Ayres has verified the data disclosed in this release, including sampling, analytical and test data underlying the information contained in the release. Mr. Ayres consents to the inclusion in the release of the matters based on his information in the form and the context in which it appears.
The information in this release that relates to Mineral Resources is based on information prepared by or under the supervision of Mr Aaron Green, who is a Qualified Person and Competent Person. Mr Green is a Member of the Australian Institute of Geoscientists and is employed by CSA Global Pty Ltd, an independent consulting company. Mr Green has sufficient experience that is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under consideration and to the activity which he is undertaking to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the “Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves” and to qualify as a “Qualified Person” under National Instrument 43‐101 – Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects (“NI 43‐101”). Mr. Green has verified the data disclosed in this release, including sampling, analytical and test data underlying the information contained in the release. Mr Green consents to the inclusion in the release of the matters based on his information in the form and context in which it appears.
The information in this release that relates to Mineral Reserves and Mining is based on information prepared by or under the supervision of Mr Carel Moormann, who is a Qualified Person and Competent Person. Mr Moormann is a Fellow of the AusIMM and is employed by Orelogy, an independent consulting company. Mr Moormann has sufficient experience that is relevant to the type of deposit under consideration and to the activity which he is undertaking to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the “Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves” and to qualify as a “Qualified Person” under National Instrument 43‐101 – Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects (“NI 43‐101”). Mr Moormann has verified the data disclosed in this release, including sampling, analytical and test data underlying the information contained in the release. Mr Moormann consents to the inclusion in the release of the matters based on his information in the form and context in which it appears.
The information in this release that relates to Metallurgy and Processing is based on information prepared by or under the supervision of David Gordon, who is a Qualified Person and Competent Person. David Gordon is a Member of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy and is employed by Lycopodium Minerals Pty Ltd, an independent consulting company. David Gordon has sufficient experience that is relevant to the type of process under consideration and to the activity which he is undertaking to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the “Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves” and to qualify as a “Qualified Person” under National Instrument 43‐101 – Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects (“NI 43‐101”). David Gordon has verified the data disclosed in this release, including sampling, analytical and test data underlying the information contained in the release. David Gordon consents to the inclusion in the release of the matters based on his information in the form and context in which it appears.
The information in this release that relates to areas outside of exploration results, Mineral Resources, Mineral Reserves and Metallurgy and Processing is based on information prepared by or under the supervision of Mark Turner, who is a Qualified Person and Competent Person. Mark Turner is a Fellow of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy and is employed by RTG Mining Inc, the Company. Mark Turner has sufficient experience that is relevant to the information under consideration and to the activity which he is undertaking to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the “Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves” and to qualify as a “Qualified Person” under National Instrument 43‐101 – Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects (“NI 43‐101”). Mark Turner has verified the data disclosed in this release. Mark Turner consents to the inclusion in the release of the matters based on his information in the form and context in which it appears.
Section 1 Sampling Techniques and Data
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sampling | Nature and quality of sampling (e.g. cut | | The assay data reported herein is based on sampling of diamond drill core of PQ, HQ and |
| techniques | channels, random chips, or specific specialised industry standard measurement tools appropriate to the minerals under investigation, such as down hole gamma |
NQ diameter which was cut with a diamond core saw. Samples are generally of 1 m length, although occasionally slightly longer or shorter where changes in lithology, core size or core recovery required adjustments. Samples are not more than 2 m length. |
|
| sondes, or handheld XRF instruments, etc). | |||
| These examples should not be taken as | |||
| limiting the broad meaning of sampling. | |||
| Include reference to measures taken to ensure | | The length of each drill run is recorded and the recovery for each run calculated on site | |
| sample representivity and the appropriate | and checked again at the core shed. Certified reference standards and blank samples were | ||
| calibration of any measurement tools or | submitted to assess the accuracy and precision of the results and every 20thsample was | ||
| systems used. | sawn into two and the two quarter core samples submitted for analysis separately as a | ||
| duplicate sample. | |||
| Aspects of the determination of mineralisation | | Half core samples were cut and sent for analysis by an independent ISO-certified | |
| that are Material to the Public Report. | laboratory (Intertek McPhar Laboratory) in Manila. Samples were crushed and pulverised | ||
| (95% <75 μm). Gold was analysed by 50 g Fire Assay and the other elements including | |||
| copper and iron by ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry) or ICP-OES | |||
| (InductivelyCoupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry)followinga four-acid digest. | |||
| Drilling | Drill type (e.g. core, reverse circulation, open- | | Drilling was by PQ, HQ and NQ diameter using triple tube diamond coring. The core was |
| techniques | hole hammer, rotary air blast, auger, Bangka, | not orientated. | |
| sonic, etc) and details (eg core diameter, triple | |||
| or standard tube, depth of diamond tails, face- | |||
| sampling bit or other type, whether core is | |||
| oriented and if so, by what method, etc). | |||
| Drill sample | Method of recording and assessing core and | | Core recovery is initially measured on site by trained technicians and by the supervising |
| recovery | chip sample recoveries and results assessed. | geologist. Any core loss is measured, the percentage is calculated and both are recorded | |
| in the geotechnical log for reference when assessing assay results. | |||
| Measures taken to maximise sample recovery | | All care is taken to ensure maximum recovery of diamond core and drillers are informed of | |
| and ensure representative nature of the samples. |
the importance of core recovery. Any areas of poor core recovery are sampled separately thus, assay results can be directly related to core recovery. |
||
| | The majority of the mineralisation is in fresh rock where recoveries are greater than 90%. | ||
| Most mineralisation occurs in wide intersections of massive magnetite skarn with relatively | |||
| uniform copper andgoldgrades. Core loss occurs in fracture zones but is usuallynot a |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| significant problem. In the weathered hematitic oxidised zones some core loss is | |||||
| unavoidable, but overall recovery is generally >90% and the core loss is volumetrically | |||||
| minor in the mineralised zones. In areas of poor recovery, the sample intervals are | |||||
| arranged to coincide with drill runs, thus areas of different core loss percentage are specific | |||||
| to individual samples, which can be assessed when interpreting analytical results, and | |||||
| modelled in future resource estimation studies. Where an area of 100% core loss is | |||||
| identified the sample intervals are marked to each side of the zone and the zone is | |||||
| designated “No core” and assigned zero value in the various log sheets and geochemical | |||||
| database. | |||||
| Whether a relationship exists between sample | | There is no discernible relationship between core recovery and grade. The skarn bodies | |||
| recovery and grade and whether sample bias may have occurred due to preferential loss/gain of fine/coarse material. |
are relatively uniform over significant lengths and the copper and gold grades are not related to clay and fracture zones, which are the main causes of core loss. |
||||
| Logging | Whether core and chip samples have been | |
Diamond drill core for each entire drill hole was logged in significant detail in a number of | ||
| geologically and geotechnically logged to a level | logging sheets including a geological log, a structural log, a geotechnical log and a | ||||
| of detail to support appropriate |
Mineral | magnetic susceptibility log for the entire drill hole. Mineralised and sampled intervals are | |||
| Resource estimation, mining studies and | logged individually in a separate semi-quantitative mineral log with percentages of the | ||||
| metallurgical studies. | different copper minerals being recorded. The logging is appropriate for Mineral Resource | ||||
| estimates and mining studies. | |||||
| Whether logging is qualitative or quantitative | in | |
Most of the geological logging is a mixture of qualitative (descriptions of the various | ||
| nature. Core (or costean, channel, etc.) | geological features) and quantitative (numbers and angles of veins and fracture zones, | ||||
| photography. | mineral percentages etc.). | ||||
| The total length and percentage of the | relevant | |
Photographs are taken of all core (both wet and dry) prior to the core being cut. | ||
| intersections logged. | |||||
| All core, including barren overburden is logged in the various logging sheets noted above | |||||
| apart from the semi-quantitative mineralisation log in which only the mineralised intervals | |||||
| sent forgeochemical analysis are logged in detail. | |||||
| Sub- | If core, whether cut or sawn and | whether | |
All sampling data is from diamond drill core. Samples are of sawn as half core except for | |
| sampling | quarter, half or all core taken. | duplicate samples which are quarter core. Half core is bagged and sent to an ISO-certified | |||
| techniques | independent laboratory for analysis. The other half retained for reference and/or further | ||||
| and sample | test work. | ||||
| preparation | |||||
| If non-core, whether riffled, tube sampled, rotary | |
Not applicable for diamond core drilling | |||
| split,etc and whether sampled wet or dry. |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| For all sample types, the nature, quality and | |
All core samples were dried, crushed to 95% <10 mm and a 1.5 kg sub-sample is | ||
| appropriateness of the sample preparation | separated using a riffle splitter and pulverised to 95% <75 μm. A 50 g sub-sample is | |||
| technique. | utilised as a Fire Assay charge for gold analysis. The sample preparation technique and | |||
| sub-sampling is appropriate for the mineralisation. | ||||
| Quality control procedures adopted for all sub- | | Blank samples and duplicate samples are submitted routinely to monitor the sampling and | ||
| sampling stages to maximise representivity of | analytical process and to ensure that samples are representative of in situ material. One | |||
| samples. | in every 20 samples of half core is sawn again to produce two quarter core duplicate | |||
| samples which are submitted to the laboratory separately with different sample numbers. | ||||
| A blank sample was inserted into sample batches at every 20thsample. | ||||
| Measures taken to ensure that the sampling | is | |
The magnetite skarn mineralisation occurs in extensive zones of magnetite skarn with | |
| representative of the in situ material collected, | disseminated chalcopyrite, containing gold. The sample size of approximately 1 m core | |||
| including for instance results for field |
length is suitable in respect to the grain size of the mineralisation. | |||
| duplicate/second-half sampling. | ||||
| Whether sample sizes are appropriate to the | |
The sample size is considered appropriate for the material sampled. It is believed that | ||
| grain size of the material beingsampled. | grain size has no bearingon thegrade of the sampled material. | |||
| Quality of | The nature, quality and appropriateness of the | | All core samples were analysed at an ISO-certified independent laboratory. Gold was | |
| assay data | assaying and laboratory procedures used and | analysed by 50 g Fire Assay and the other elements including copper and iron were | ||
| and | whether the technique is considered partial or | analysed by ICP-MS or ICP-OES following a four acid digest. The sample preparation and | ||
| laboratory | total | assay techniques are of international industry standard and can be considered total. | ||
| tests | ||||
| For geophysical tools, spectrometers, |
| No geophysical tools were used for any analysis reported herein. Magnetic susceptibility | ||
| handheld XRF instruments, etc, the |
readings are used in magnetic modelling but are not used to estimate magnetite or Fe | |||
| parameters used in determining the analysis | content. | |||
| including instrument make and model, reading | ||||
| times, calibrations factors applied and their | ||||
| derivation, etc. | ||||
| Nature of quality control procedures adopted | | Quality control included analysis of standards, blanks, and duplicates. Commercial | ||
| (e.g. standards, blanks, duplicates, external | Certified Reference Materials (CRMs) were inserted into sample batches every 40th | |||
| laboratory checks) and whether acceptable | sample. A blank sample was inserted every 20thsample; the blank sample material has | |||
| levels of accuracy (ie lack of bias) and | been sourced and prepared from a local quarry. One in every 20 core samples is cut into | |||
| precision have been established. | 2 quarter core samples which were submitted independently with their own sample | |||
| numbers. In addition, Intertek conducted their own extensive check sampling as part of | ||||
| their own internal QA/QC processes, which is reported in the assay sheets. A record of | ||||
| results from all duplicates,blanks and standards is maintained for ongoing QA/QC |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary |
|---|---|---|---|
| assessment. Examination of all the QC sample data indicates satisfactory performance of | |||
| field sampling protocols and the assay laboratory. A total of 341 pulp split samples were | |||
| submitted for external laboratory checks, divided up approximately equally between three | |||
| umpire laboratories. A small upward bias in the primary assay was indicated from the | |||
| external assay results; however, the CRMs submitted to these external laboratories did | |||
| not perform well. Analysis of umpire laboratory internal check assays for gold showed an | |||
| upward bias for the repeat assays. This lead to the conclusion that based on the | |||
| acceptable performance of all other quality assurance and quality control measures the | |||
| primaryassayresults are suitable for use in Mineral Resource estimation | |||
| Verification | The verification of significant intersections by | | Significant mineralisation intersections were verified by alternative company personnel |
| of sampling | either independent or alternative company | and by CSA Global personnel. | |
| and | personnel. | ||
| assaying | |||
| The use of twinned holes. | | No twinned holes have been drilled. | |
| Documentation of primary data, data entry | | Data documentation, verification and storage is conducted in accordance with RTG’s | |
| procedures, data verification, data storage | Standard Operating Procedures Manual for the Mabilo Project. The diamond drill core is | ||
| (physical and electronic) protocols. | manually logged in significant detail in a number of separate Excel template logging | ||
| sheets. Logging is recorded manually on logging sheets and transcribed into protected | |||
| Excel spreadsheet templates or entered directly into the Excel templates. The data are | |||
| validated by both the Project Geologist and the company Database Manager and uploaded | |||
| to the dedicated project database where they are merged with assay results reported | |||
| digitally by the laboratory. Hard copies of all logging sheets are kept at the Project office | |||
| in Daet. | |||
| Discuss any adjustment to assay data. | | No adjustments have been made to assay data. | |
| Location of | Accuracy and quality of surveys used to | | Drill-hole collars are initially surveyed with a hand-held GPS with an accuracy of |
| data points | locate drill holes (collar and down-hole | approximately +/- 5 m. Completed holes are surveyed by an independent qualified | |
| surveys), trenches, mine workings and other | surveyor on a periodic basis using standard differential GPS (DGPS) equipment achieving | ||
| locations used in Mineral Resource | sub-decimetre accuracy in horizontal and vertical position. | ||
| estimation. | |||
| Specification of the grid system used. | | Drill collars are surveyed in Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) WGS84 Zone 51N | |
| grid. | |||
| Quality and adequacy of topographic control. | | The Mabilo project area is relatively flat with total variation in topography less than 15 m. | |
| Topographic control isprovided byDGPS surveying. |
| Criteria | Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Data spacing | Data spacing for reporting of Exploration | | Drill holes are planned on a nominal grid with 20 m between drill holes on 40 m spaced | |||
| and | Results. | lines. | ||||
| distribution | ||||||
| Whether the data spacing and distribution is | | The drill hole spacing was designed to determine the continuity and extent of the | ||||
| sufficient to establish the degree of geological | mineralised skarn zones. Based on statistical assessment of drill results to date, the | |||||
| and grade continuity appropriate for the | nominal 40 x 20 m drill hole spacing is sufficient to support Mineral Resource estimation. | |||||
| Mineral Resource and Ore Reserve | ||||||
| estimation procedure(s) and classifications | ||||||
| applied. | ||||||
| Whether sample compositing has been | | No compositing of intervals in the field was undertaken. | ||||
| applied. | ||||||
| Orientation | Whether the orientation of sampling achieves | | No bias attributable to orientation of sampling upgrading of results has been identified. | |||
| of | data | in | unbiased sampling of possible structures and | |||
| relation | to | the extent to which this is known, considering | ||||
| geological | the deposit type. | |||||
| structure | ||||||
| If the relationship between the | drilling | | No bias attributable to orientation of sampling upgrading of results has been identified. | |||
| orientation and the orientation |
of key |
|||||
| mineralised structures is considered | to have | |||||
| introduced a sampling bias, this should be | ||||||
| assessed and reported if material. | ||||||
| Sample | The measures taken to ensure sample | | Chain of custody is managed by RTG employees. Samples were stored in secure storage | |||
| security or | security. | from the time of drilling, through gathering and splitting. Remaining core is kept in a secure | ||||
| Audits | compound at the Company regional office in Daet town and guarded at night. Samples | |||||
| reviews | are sent directly from the core shed to the laboratory packed in secured and sealed plastic | |||||
| drums using either Company vehicles or a local transport company. A standard Chain of | ||||||
| custody form is signed by the driver responsible for transporting the samples upon receipt | ||||||
| of samples at the core yard and is signed by an employee of the laboratory on receipt of | ||||||
| the samples at the laboratory. Completed forms are returned to the Company for filing. | ||||||
| The results of any audits or reviews of | | The sampling techniques and QA/QC data are reviewed on an ongoing basis by Company | ||||
| samplingtechniques and data. | management and independent consultants. |
Section 2 Reporting of Exploration Results
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mineral | Type, reference name/number, |
|
The Mabilo Project is covered by Exploration Permit EP-014-2013-V and Exploration Permit |
| tenement and | location and ownership including | Application EXPA-000188-V and EXPA 0000 209-V. EP-014-2013-V was issued to Mt Labo | |
| land tenure | agreements or material issues with | Exploration and Development Corporation (“Mt Labo”), an associated entity of RTG Mining Inc. | |
| status | third parties such as joint ventures, | There is a 1% royalty payable on net mining revenue received by Mt Labo in relation to EP-014- | |
| partnerships, overriding royalties, |
2013-V. | ||
| native title interests, historical sites, | |||
| wilderness or national park and | |
Mt Labo has entered into a joint venture agreement with Galeo Equipment and Mining Company, | |
| environmental settings. | Inc. (“Galeo”) to partner in exploring and developing the Mabilo and Nalesbitan Projects. To date, | ||
| Galeo has earned a 36% interest in the Projects. | |||
| Sierra Mining Limited (“Sierra”), a wholly owned subsidiary of RTG, has entered into a MOU with | |||
| Galeo whereby Galeo can earn an additional 6% interest in the joint venture by mining the initial | |||
| 1.5 Mt of waste at Mabilo or Nalesbitan.The MOU is subject to a number of conditions precedent, | |||
| including Sierra shareholder approval. | |||
| The security of the tenure held at the | |
The tenure over the area currently being explored at Mabilo is a granted Exploration Permit, which | |
| time of reporting along with any known | is currently being renewed. All documents are in good standing and the renewal process is | ||
| impediments to obtaining a license to | ongoing. There is no native title or Indigenous ancestral domains claims at Mabilo. | ||
| operate in the area. | |||
| Exploration | Acknowledgment and appraisal of | |
The only significant previous exploration over the Mabilo project area was a drilling program at |
| done by other | exploration by other parties. | another site within the tenement and a ground magnetic survey. RTG (or its predecessor Sierra) | |
| parties | has reported this data in previous reports to the ASX and used the ground magnetic survey as a | ||
| basis for initial drill siting. Subsequently RTG conducted its own ground magnetic survey with | |||
| closer spaced survey lines and reading intervals, which supersedes the historical program. There | |||
| was no known previous exploration in the area of the reported Mineral Resource. | |||
| Geology | Deposit type, geological setting and | |
Mineralisation at Mabilo can be defined as a magnetite-copper-gold skarn, which developed |
| style of mineralisation. | where the magnetite-copper-gold mineralisation replaced calcareous horizons in the Eocene age | ||
| Tumbaga Formation in the contact zone of a Miocene diorite intrusion. | |||
| Drill hole | A summary of all information material | |
All relevant drill hole information has been previously reported to the ASX. No material changes |
| Information | to the understanding of the exploration | have occurred to this information since it was originally reported. | |
| results including a tabulation of the | |||
| following information for all Material | |||
| drill holes: |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary |
|---|---|---|---|
oeasting and northing of the drill |
|||
| hole collar | |||
oelevation or RL (Reduced Level |
|||
| – elevation above sea level in | |||
| metres) of the drill hole collar | |||
odip and azimuth of the hole |
|||
odownhole length and |
|||
| interception depth | |||
ohole length. |
|||
| If the exclusion of this information is | |
All relevant data has been reported. | |
| justified on the basis that the |
|||
| information is not Material and this | |||
| exclusion does not detract from the | |||
| understanding of the report, the | |||
| Competent Person should clearly | |||
| explain why this is the case. | |||
| Data | In reporting Exploration Results, |
|
Not reporting exploration results. |
| aggregation | weighting averaging techniques, |
||
| methods | maximum and/or minimum grade | ||
| truncations (e.g. cutting of high | |||
| grades) and cut-off grades are usually | |||
| Material and should be stated. | |||
| Where aggregate intercepts |
|
Not reporting exploration results. | |
| incorporate short lengths of high | |||
| grade results and longer lengths of | |||
| low grade results, the procedure used | |||
| for such aggregation should be stated | |||
| and some typical examples of such | |||
| aggregations should be shown in | |||
| detail. | |||
| The assumptions used for any |
|
Based on metallurgical testwork undertaken , including flotation and magnetic separation, the | |
| reporting of metal equivalent values | following assumptions for gold equivalents are:- | ||
| should be clearly stated. | Gold Price US$1200/oz Gold recovery – 84.9% | ||
| Copper Price US$5,000t Copper recovery– 83.7% |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary |
|---|---|---|---|
| Silver Price US$14/oz Silver recovery – 60.7% | |||
| Iron Price US$50/t Iron recovery – 60.7% | |||
| The calculation for gold equivalent values was based on the following formula: | |||
| AuEq=(((0.849AuOz$1,200)+(0.837CuMetal$5,000)+(0.607FeMetal$50)+ | |||
| (0.607AgOz$14)) / $1,200)/Total ore tonnes | |||
| Relationship | These relationships are particularly | |
The Mabilo drill holes have been drilled both vertically and inclined. The orientation of the |
| between | important in the reporting of |
mineralised bodies is based on interpretation of geology from drill holes supported by magnetic | |
| mineralisation | Exploration Results. | modelling which indicates that much of the mineralisation is dipping to the southwest. | |
| widths and | |||
| intercept | |||
| lengths | |||
| If the geometry of the mineralisation | |
The interpreted orientation of the mineralised bodies is based on drill-hole data. The fact that the | |
| with respect to the drill hole angle is | intersections are in a dipping body and therefore not true widths has been reported. | ||
| known, its nature should be reported. | |||
| If it is not known and only the down | |
No intervals reported can be assumed to be a true width of the mineralisation. | |
| hole lengths are reported, there | |||
| should be a clear statement to this | |||
| effect (eg ‘down hole length, true width | |||
| not known’). | |||
| Diagrams | Appropriate maps and sections (with | |
Refer to figures within the main body of this report. |
| scales) and tabulations of intercepts | |||
| should be included for any significant | |||
| discovery being reported These |
|||
| should include, but not be limited to a | |||
| plan view of drill hole collar locations | |||
| and appropriate sectional views. | |||
| Balanced | Where comprehensive reporting of all | |
Not applicable. |
| reporting | Exploration Results is not practicable, | ||
| representative reporting of both low | |||
| and high grades and/or widths should | |||
| be practiced to avoid misleading | |||
| reporting of Exploration Results. | |||
| Other | Other exploration data, if meaningful | |
All meaningful exploration data concerning the Mabilo Project has been reported in previous |
| substantive | and material,should be reported | reports to the ASX. |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary |
|---|---|---|---|
| exploration | including (but not limited to): |
||
| data | geological observations; geophysical | ||
| survey results; geochemical survey | |||
| results; bulk samples – size and | |||
| method of treatment; metallurgical test | |||
| results; bulk density, groundwater, | |||
| geotechnical and rock characteristics; | |||
| potential deleterious or contaminating | |||
| substances. | |||
| Further work | The nature and scale of planned | |
Drilling is planned at the Mabilo Project, which will systematically test magnetic bodies and step- |
| further work (e.g. tests for lateral | out targets along strike and between the North Mineralised Zone and the South Mineralised Zone | ||
| extensions or depth extensions or | as well as down-dip from these zones. | ||
| large-scale step-out drilling). | |||
| Diagrams clearly highlighting the | |
Not applicable to this report. | |
| areas of possible extensions, |
|||
| including the main geological |
|||
| interpretations and future drilling |
|||
| areas, provided this information is not | |||
| commercially sensitive. |
Section 3 Estimation and Reporting of Mineral Resources
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary |
|---|---|---|---|
| Database | Measures taken to ensure that data has | |
Data used in the Mineral Resource estimate is sourced from a data base export. Relevant tables |
| integrity | not been corrupted by, for example, | from the data base are exported to MS Excel format and converted to csv format for import into | |
| transcription or keying errors, between | Datamine Studio 3 software. | ||
| its initial collection and its use for | |||
| Mineral Resource estimation purposes. | |||
| Data validation procedures used. | | Validation of the data import include checks for overlapping intervals, missing survey data, missing | |
| assay data, missing lithological data, and missing collars. | |||
| Site visits | Comment on any site visits undertaken | |
A representative of the Competent Person (CP) has visited the project on several occasions, most |
| by the Competent Person and the | recently in October 2015. Diamond drilling programs were underway at Mabilo during the previous | ||
| outcome of those visits. | site visit. The CP’s representative was able to review drillingand sampling procedures,as well as |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | JORC Code explanation | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| examine the mineralisation occurrence and associated geological features. Sample storage | |||||||
| facilities and the analytical laboratory in Manila have also been inspected. There were no negative | |||||||
| outcomes from any of the above inspections, and all samples and geological data were deemed fit | |||||||
| for use in the Mineral Resource estimate. | |||||||
| If no site visits have been undertaken | | Not applicable. | |||||
| indicate why this is the case. | |||||||
| Geological | Confidence in (or | conversely, the | | The geology and mineral distribution of the system is reasonably complex, and is being constantly | |||
| interpretation | uncertainty | of) | the | geological | refined as more drilling is undertaken. As such the CP has taken a conservative approach to Mineral | ||
| interpretation of the mineral deposit. | Resource classification. | ||||||
| Nature of the | data | used and of any | | Drill hole intercept logging, assay results and structural interpretations from drill core, and the results | |||
| assumptions made. | of geophysical modelling of magnetic anomalies have formed the basis for the geological | ||||||
| interpretation. For the South Mineralised Zone (SMZ) strike and depth extents have been | |||||||
| reasonably well constrained through drilling, except for the south eastern end where the deposit is | |||||||
| still open along strike and at depth and assumptions have been made on the depth and strike extent | |||||||
| of the mineralisation. In the North Mineralised Zone (NMZ) the strike and depth extents of the | |||||||
| mineralisation are not fully constrained by drilling and assumptions have been made on the depth | |||||||
| and strike extents of the mineralisation based on the available information including the geophysical | |||||||
| modelling and bounding structure interpretations. Some drill collars had not yet been surveyed by | |||||||
| DGPS at the time of modelling. The collars had been surveyed by hand held GPS with an estimated | |||||||
| horizontal accuracy (based on historical comparisons) of roughly 3m. The elevation of the collar | |||||||
| has been corrected to the topographic surface. Mineralisation intercepts from these drill holes were | |||||||
| found to correspond well with previously interpreted mineralisation zone extents. Any differences | |||||||
| from the true position is not expected to have any material impact on the volumes and grades of | |||||||
| the interpreted mineralisation zones | |||||||
| The effect, | if any, of | alternative | | The extent of the modelled zones are generally reasonably well constrained by the geological model | |||
| interpretations | on Mineral | Resource | interpretation, which is based on the drill logging and geophysical data. Subsequent to the previous | ||||
| estimation. | mineral resource estimate the NMZ has been significantly re-interpreted based on new drilling data. | ||||||
| The results from the re-interpretation show a minor increase in tonnage with grades virtually | |||||||
| unchanged. Where geological interpretation has a higher degree of uncertainty it is classified as | |||||||
| Inferred regardless of modelling parameters. | |||||||
| The use of geology in guiding and | | Geology has been the primary influence in controlling the Mineral Resource estimation. Wireframes | |||||
| controlling | Mineral | Resource | have been constructed for the various lithological zones based on style of mineralisation, host rock | ||||
| estimation. | and oxidation state as determined bythe core loggingand assaying. Wireframes have been |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary |
|---|---|---|---|
| constructed enclosing sulphur domains, based on the drill assay results, to reflect the widespread | |||
| and locally intense silica-pyrite overprint of the skarn for the purpose of more accurately defining | |||
| the sulphur grade for metallurgical purposes. | |||
| The factors affecting continuity both of | | Continuity of geology and structures can be identified and traced between drill holes by visual, | |
| grade and geology. | geophysical and geochemical characteristics. Breccia zones interpreted to relate to fault structures | ||
| have been noted in the drill core and fault structures that offset the mineralised geological units | |||
| have been modelled. | |||
| Dimensions | The extent and variability of the Mineral | | The South Mineralised Zone (SMZ) is interpreted as having a 500 m strike length, is 20 to 50 m in |
| Resource expressed as length (along | true width, with vertical depth up to 280 m from roughly 50 m below surface. The North Mineralised | ||
| strike or otherwise), plan width, and | Zone (NMZ) has a strike extent of roughly 160 m, true width between 20 m and 50 m and depth | ||
| depth below surface to the upper and | extent of 135 m from roughly 40 m below surface. True thickness variation is a function of | ||
| lower limits of the Mineral Resource. | limestone/marble lithology, magnetite skarn is thicker at higher levels and thinner where it | ||
| interfingers with marble-limestone. | |||
| Estimation | The nature and appropriateness of the | | The mineralisation has been estimated using ordinary kriging (OK) as the primary estimation |
| and | estimation technique(s) applied and key | method with an inverse distance to the power 2 (IDS) check estimate in Datamine Studio 3 software. | |
| modelling | assumptions, including treatment of | 41 mineralised lenses have been interpreted and are grouped into 14 mineralised lithological | |
| techniques | extreme grade values, domaining, | domain zones of Cu-Au-Fe mineralisation, based on lens lithology type and grade. There are 9 of | |
| interpolation parameters and maximum | these zones in the SMZ and 5 zones in the NMZ. | ||
| distance of extrapolation from data | |||
| points. If a computer assisted |
The mineralised lithological domain zones were used as hard boundaries to select sample | ||
| estimation method was chosen include | populations for data analysis and grade estimation. In the South Mineralised Zone hard boundaries | ||
| a description of computer software and | between individual lenses were used in the grade estimation, while soft boundaries between the | ||
| parameters used. | lenses within each domain zone were used in the North Mineralised Zone. Statistical analysis was | ||
| completed on each zone to determine appropriate high-grade cuts to apply to outlier grades of Fe, | |||
| Au, Cu and Ag where required. | |||
| The availability of check estimates, | | OK and IDS estimates are completed concurrently in a number of estimation runs with varying | |
| previous estimates and/or mine |
parameters. The results are compared against each other and the drill hole results to ensure a | ||
| production records and whether the | reasonable estimate that best honours the drill sample data as reported. Comparison with the | ||
| Mineral Resource estimate takes |
previously reported estimate shows roughly a 12% increase in tonnage and with a slight decrease | ||
| appropriate account of such data. | in the mean reported grades. Increases of between 3% and 10% of contained metal, as detailed in | ||
| the relevant section of the Mineral Resource estimate report, is also shown. | |||
| No mining has yet taken place at these deposits. |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The assumptions made |
regarding |
| Ag has been estimated and is assumed to be also recoverable as part of the Cu and Au recovery | |||
| recovery of by-products. | processes. Fe grade estimated in the MRE is total Fe. Although dominated by magnetite Fe in the | |||||
| magnetite skarn, it does include other Fe-bearing minerals. | ||||||
| Estimation of deleterious elements or | | Potentially deleterious As and S have been estimated into the model to assist with future | ||||
| other non-grade variables of economic | metallurgical work and mining studies. Arsenic (As) has been estimated in the same way as the Au, | |||||
| significance (eg sulphur for acid mine | Cu and Ag. S in the weathered material has been estimated the same as Au, Cu and Ag. A in the | |||||
| drainage characterisation). | unweathered material has been separately estimated into individual mineralisation lenses based on | |||||
| the mineralisation and S domain wireframes for the purposes of assisting with metallurgical | ||||||
| understanding of the deposit. Hard boundaries are used between individual mineralisation lenses | ||||||
| and the S domains within them for the S grade estimation. Statistical analysis was completed on | ||||||
| each S estimation domain to determine appropriate high grade cuts to apply to outlier grades where | ||||||
| required. | ||||||
| In the case of block model interpolation, | | Interpreted domains are built into a sub-celled block model with 10 m E-W by 10 m N-S by 5 m | ||||
| the block size in relation to the | average | vertical parent block size. Parent block size is chosen based on being roughly half the average drill | ||||
| sample spacing and the |
search | spacing over the majority of the deposit areas. Search ellipsoids for each estimation zone have | ||||
| employed. | been orientated based on their geometry and grade continuity. Sample numbers per block estimate | |||||
| and ellipsoid axial search ranges have been tailored to geometry and data density of each zone to | ||||||
| ensure the majority of the model is estimated within the first search pass. The search ellipse is | ||||||
| doubled for a second search pass and increased 20 fold for a third search pass to ensure all blocks | ||||||
| were estimated. Sample numbers required per block estimate have been reduced with each search | ||||||
| pass. | ||||||
| Any assumptions behind modelling of | | No assumptions have been made. Model minimum sub-cell size is down to 2.5m N-S by 2.5m E-W | ||||
| selective mining units. | by 2.5m vertical | |||||
| Any assumptions about | correlation | | No assumptions have been made with each element separately estimated. Statistical analysis | |||
| between variables. | shows a generally good correlation between Au and Cu grades in unweathered zones and poor | |||||
| correlation in weathered zones. | ||||||
| Description of how the | geological | | Hard boundaries between each individual lode have been used in the grade estimate for the SMZ. | |||
| interpretation was used to | control the | Soft boundaries between the grouped lodes within the mineralised lithological domain zones and | ||||
| resource estimates. | hard boundaries between mineralised lithological domain zones have been used in the grade | |||||
| estimation for the NMZ. |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary |
|---|---|---|---|
| Discussion of basis for using or not | | Statistical analysis to check grade population distributions using histograms, probability plots and | |
| using grade cutting or capping. | summary statistics and the co-efficient of variation, was completed on each zone for the estimated | ||
| elements. Outlier grades were variously found for most elements in the different mineralised | |||
| lithological domain zones and appropriate high grade cuts where applied to remove undue influence | |||
| of these outlier grades on the grade estimation for each zone. | |||
| The process of validation, the checking | | Validation checks included statistical comparison between drill sample grades, the OK and IDS | |
| process used, the comparison of model | estimate results for each zone. Visual validation of grade trends for each element along the drill | ||
| data to drill hole data, and use of | sections was completed and trend plots comparing drill sample grades and model grades for | ||
| reconciliation data if available. | northings, eastings and elevation were completed. These checks show reasonable correlation | ||
| between estimated block grades and drill sample grades. No reconciliation data is available, as no | |||
| mining has taken place. | |||
| Moisture | Whether the tonnages are estimated on | Tonnages have been estimated on a dry in situ basis. No moisture values were reviewed. | |
| a dry basis or with natural moisture, and | |||
| the method of determination of the | |||
| moisture content. | |||
| Cut-off | The basis of the adopted cut-off | For some lithological units nominal lower cut-off grades of 0.3 g/t Au or 0.3 % Cu in concert with the | |
| parameters | grade(s) or quality parameters applied. | lithological logging were used to define continuous mineralised lenses, in line with | |
| recommendations from RTG based on preliminary optimisation studies. | |||
| Mining | Assumptions made regarding possible | | It has been assumed that these deposits will be amenable to open cut mining methods, and are |
| factors or | mining methods, minimum mining |
economic to exploit with this methodology at the reported average model grades. No assumptions | |
| assumptions | dimensions and internal (or, if |
regarding minimum mining widths and dilution have been made to date. | |
| applicable, external) mining dilution. It | |||
| is always necessary as part of the | |||
| process of determining reasonable | |||
| prospects for eventual economic |
|||
| extraction to consider potential mining | |||
| methods, but the assumptions made | |||
| regarding mining methods and |
|||
| parameters when estimating Mineral | |||
| Resources may not always be rigorous. | |||
| Where this is the case, this should be | |||
| reported with an explanation of the | |||
| basis of the mining assumptions made. |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary |
|---|---|---|---|
| Metallurgical | The basis for assumptions or |
| The oxide portions of similar deposits in the region are being successfully exploited by other entities, |
| factors or | predictions regarding metallurgical |
and it is assumed that these zones can be economically exploited at the modelled grades. | |
| assumptions | amenability. It is always necessary as | ||
| part of the process of determining | For the unweathered or fresh materials metallurgical testing has shown a less consistent response | ||
| reasonable prospects for eventual | of the samples tested than was initially expected. The findings indicate a relationship with S:Cu | ||
| economic extraction to consider |
ratios involved in metallurgical response. Composite samples appear to respond better to flotation | ||
| potential metallurgical methods, but the | than the individual components that make up the composites. | ||
| assumptions regarding metallurgical | |||
| treatment processes and parameters | Based on the results reported to date it is assumed that a significant majority of the modelled | ||
| made when reporting Mineral |
unweathered mineralisation can be economically exploited and will be readily upgraded where | ||
| Resources may not always be rigorous. | necessary, using standard gravity, magnetic processes and/or froth flotation concentration | ||
| Where this is the case, this should be | techniques as appropriate for the different product streams. | ||
| reported with an explanation of the | |||
| basis of the metallurgical assumptions | |||
| made. | |||
| Environmenta | Assumptions made regarding possible | | The permeability and compressibility of the in situ ground at the TSF and waste dump (WD) is not |
| l factors or | waste and process residue disposal | confirmed. The rate at which earthworks are constructed will need to be carefully controlled to | |
| assumptions | options. It is always necessary as part | ensure adequate stability is maintained. During later stages of construction of the waste dump, | |
| of the process of determining |
waste rock will be available to provide a drainage layer. A provisional sum has been allowed for in | ||
| reasonable prospects for eventual | the cost estimate for localised ground improvement to aid consolidation of the TSF and WD during | ||
| economic extraction to consider the | Stage 1 construction. | ||
| potential environmental impacts of the | |||
| mining and processing operation. While | | The site is located in an area of high seismic activity. Site investigation indicates that the natural | |
| at this stage the determination of | ground is at risk of liquefaction under a seismic event. A preliminary liquefaction assessment | ||
| potential environmental impacts, |
indicates that a sacrificial earthworks bund will be constructed around the external perimeter of the | ||
| particularly for a greenfields project, | structural zone of the TSF to limit deformations. | ||
| may not always be well advanced, the | |||
| status of early consideration of these | | The TSF has been designed to accommodate the co-disposal of both the non-magnetic and pyrite | |
| potential environmental impacts should | tailings stream. It has been confirmed that a market for the pyrite has been identified and the pyrite | ||
| be reported. Where these aspects have | will be transported off site. | ||
| not been considered this should be | |||
| reported with an explanation of the environmental assumptions made. |
| Geochemical assessment of the waste material is currently being undertaken. It is currently assumed that approximately 50% of waste will be potentially acid forming (PAF) or leachable. All waste rock |
|
| that has the potential to generate acid or metal leachate will require encapsulation by non-acid | |||
| forming material (NAF). There is considered to be sufficient NAF material to provide suitable | |||
| encapsulation of the waste material. |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary |
|---|---|---|---|
| | Geochemical testing of the tailings indicates that the tailing facility will need a high density | ||
| polyethylene (HDPE) liner and compacted soil liner subgrade to reduce seepage. The tailings will | |||
| need to be maintained at saturation to reduce acidgeneration. | |||
| Bulk density | Whether assumed or determined. If | | In-situ dry bulk density values have been applied to the modelled mineralisation based on linear |
| assumed, the basis for the |
regression formulas for weathered and unweathered material separately. This is based on | ||
| assumptions. If determined, the method | reasonable correlations having been found between measured bulk density results and Fe. Of the | ||
| used, whether wet or dry, the frequency | 1,009 measurements taken, 628 have assay result data, with 216 samples falling within the | ||
| of the measurements, the nature, size | interpreted mineralised zones. 29 samples fall within the oxide mineralisation and density | ||
| and representativeness of the samples. | measurement shows a 73% correlation with Fe grade. 188 measured density samples fall within the | ||
| fresh mineralisation with an 80% correlation between measured density and Fe grade. | |||
| The bulk density for bulk material must | | Density measurements have been taken on drill samples using wax coated water displacement | |
| have been measured by methods that | methods, from all different lithological types. CSA Global has noted the amount of wax used in the | ||
| adequately account for void spaces | coating process was excessive for some samples. Analysis showed this issue generally only affects | ||
| (vugs, porosity, etc), moisture and | the oxide waste and overburden zones. This means that waste density assigned to the model could | ||
| differences between rock and alteration | be over stated for the overburden and oxide zones. There is a possibility that void spaces have been | ||
| zones within the deposit. | partially filled by wax in the mineralisation zones affected by porosity, resulting in a slightly higher | ||
| density being calculated and assigned to some zones. Any possible effects of this are expected to | |||
| be within the margins of error reflected by the classification. | |||
| Discuss assumptions for bulk density | | With the reasonable correlation between Fe grade and bulk density, it is assumed that use of the | |
| estimates used in the evaluation | regression formulas describing this relationship is an appropriate method of representing the | ||
| process of the different materials | expected variability in bulk density for the grade estimated mineralised blocks. Analysis of the results | ||
| of application of the regression formulas to the model by individual mineralised lithological domain | |||
| unit shows that the mean model density compares closely to the mean of the density measurements | |||
| from within each zone. | |||
| Classification | The basis for the classification of the |
| Classification of the Mineral Resource estimates was carried out taking into account the level of |
| Mineral Resources into varying |
geological understanding of the deposit, quality of samples, density data and drill hole spacing. | ||
| confidence categories. | |||
| Whether appropriate account has been | | The classification reflects areas of lower and higher geological confidence in mineralised lithological | |
| taken of all relevant factors (ie relative | domain continuity based the intersecting drill sample data numbers, spacing and orientation. Overall | ||
| confidence in tonnage/grade |
mineralisation trends are reasonably consistent within the various lithotypes over numerous drill | ||
| estimations, reliability of input data, | sections. | ||
| confidence in continuity of geology and | |||
| metal values, quality, quantity and | |||
| distribution of the data). |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether the result appropriately |
| The Mineral Resource estimate appropriately reflects the view of the Competent Person. | |
| reflects the Competent Person’s view of | |||
| the deposit. | |||
| Audits or | The results of any audits or reviews of | | Internal audits were completed by CSA Global which verified the technical inputs, methodology, |
| reviews | Mineral Resource estimates. | parameters and results of the estimate. | |
| No external audits have been undertaken. | |||
| Discussion of | Where appropriate a statement of the |
| The relative accuracy of the Mineral Resource estimate is reflected in the reporting of the Mineral |
| relative | relative accuracy and confidence level | Resource as per the guidelines of the 2012 JORC Code. | |
| accuracy/ | in the Mineral Resource estimate using | ||
| confidence | an approach or procedure deemed | ||
| appropriate by the Competent Person. | |||
| For example, the application of |
|||
| statistical or geostatistical procedures | |||
| to quantify the relative accuracy of the | |||
| resource within stated confidence |
|||
| limits, or, if such an approach is not | |||
| deemed appropriate, a qualitative |
|||
| discussion of the factors that could | |||
| affect the relative accuracy and |
|||
| confidence of the estimate. | |||
| The statement should specify whether it | | The Mineral Resource statement relates to global estimates of in-situ tonnes and grade. | |
| relates to global or local estimates, and, | |||
| if local, state the relevant tonnages, | |||
| which should be relevant to technical | |||
| and economic evaluation. |
|||
| Documentation should include |
|||
| assumptions made and the procedures | |||
| used. | |||
| These statements of relative accuracy | | The deposit has not, and is not currently being mined. | |
| and confidence of the estimate should | |||
| be compared with production data, | |||
| where available. |
Section 4 - Estimation and Reporting of Ore Reserves
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | JORC Code explanation | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mineral | Description of the Mineral Resource | |
The Mineral Resource estimate used as a basis for the conversion to the Ore Reserve was | ||||
| Resource | estimate | used as a | basis for the | published by RTG Mining Inc. on 5thNovember 2015 with A. Green of CSA Global Pty Ltd as the | |||
| estimate for | conversion to an Ore Reserve. | Competent Person. It reported the following using a 0.3g/t Au cut-off: | |||||
| conversion to | |||||||
| Ore Reserves | Indicated Resource of 8.86Mt at 1.9% Cu, 2.0g/t Au, 9.8g/t Ag and 45.6% Fe | ||||||
| Inferred Resource of 3.91Mt at 1.5% Cu, 1.5g/t Au, 9.1g/t Ag and 29.1% Fe | |||||||
| There were no Measured materials. | |||||||
| Clear statement as to | whether the | |
The Mineral Resources are reported inclusive of Ore Reserves. | ||||
| Mineral | Resources | are reported |
|||||
| additional | to, or inclusive of, the Ore | The Mineral Resources are reported in terms of Measured, Indicated or Inferred materials. | |||||
| Reserves. | |||||||
| The Ore Reserves are reported in terms of Proved or Probable ores. | |||||||
| Site visits | Comment | on any |
site | visits | |
C Moormann of Orelogy Consulting Pty Ltd has visited the Mabilo project site in October 2015. The | |
| undertaken by the Competent Person | following observations were made: | ||||||
| and the outcome of those visits. | |||||||
| Mabilo has good road site access from Labo or Daet. | |||||||
| Existing roads between Mabilo and the port are in good condition but are relatively narrow and busy, | |||||||
| with dwellings immediately adjacent to the road. There is potential risk of road accidents using this | |||||||
| route for transport of ore and concentrate. | |||||||
| The site is a greenfields project on private lands mainly used for growing palm trees and pineapple. | |||||||
| Negotiations with land owners and land users have commenced as have applications for initial | |||||||
| Mineral Production Sharing Agreement (MPSA) approvals. | |||||||
| Current power supply services near the project are insufficient and allowances for additional power | |||||||
| are planned. | |||||||
| Several creeks, with all year water flows, are located on the project area and there appears to be | |||||||
| ample water supply all year round. Pit dewatering requirements are likely to be substantial and | |||||||
| drainage is planned for the pit slopes. |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary |
|---|---|---|---|
| Drill core sections in barren ground showed hardly any continuous drill core sections longer than | |||
| 0.1m and that these materials quickly deteriorate over time. This is reflected in the pit slope angles | |||
| and possibly reduced drilling & blasting. | |||
| Ore in fresh rock is easily distinguishable from waste due to the differences in colour and density | |||
| and this is reflected in the ore loss and dilution consideration. | |||
| Study status | The type and level of study |
| A Feasibility Study (Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum (CIM) Definition |
| undertaken to enable Mineral |
Standards) was undertaken as the basis for the conversion of Resources to Reserves. The study | ||
| Resources to be converted to Ore | was compiled by Lycopodium Minerals Pty Ltd. The study is due to be published in March 2016. | ||
| Reserves. | |||
| The Code requires that a study to at | | The Feasibility Study (FS) was underpinned by a mine plan that was based on the Mabilo Indicated | |
| least Pre-Feasibility Study level has | Resource materials. Mine planning included pit optimisations, pit designs, mining and processing | ||
| been undertaken to convert Mineral | scheduling, cost estimations and economic analysis to ensure the project is technical achievable | ||
| Resources to Ore Reserves. Such | and economically viable. | ||
| studies will have been carried out and | |||
| will have determined a mine plan that | Slope design criteria, mining dilution, ore loss and processing recoveries were applied in the pit | ||
| is technically achievable and |
optimisation process together with mining, processing, transport cost estimates, commodity pricing | ||
| economically viable, and that material | estimates and royalties to generate optimised pit shells, which form the basis for pit designs and | ||
| Modifying Factors have been |
the mine plan. | ||
| considered. | |||
| Cut-off | The basis of the adopted cut-off | | Only Indicated Resource materials, modified for dilution and ore loss, were considered as potential |
| parameters | grade(s) or quality parameters |
ore in the pit optimisation process. No predetermined cut-offs were applied to the optimisation | |
| applied. | model. | ||
| Mining factors | The method and assumptions used as | | A Whittle 4x pit optimisation, including sensitivity analysis, was completed. Slope design criteria, |
| or | reported in the Pre-Feasibility or | mining dilution, ore loss and processing recoveries were applied in the pit optimisation process | |
| assumptions | Feasibility Study to convert the | together with mining, processing, transport and sales cost estimates and revenue projections to | |
| Mineral Resource to an Ore Reserve | form the basis for pit designs and subsequent mining and processing schedules. | ||
| (i.e. either by application of |
|||
| appropriate factors by optimisation or | |||
| by preliminary or detailed design). | |||
| The choice, nature and |
| A conventional open pit mine method was chosen as the basis of the FS. Previous mining studies | |
| appropriateness of the selected |
had indicated that this method is appropriate for the deposit. Only a short pre-strip period will be | ||
| mining method(s) and other mining | required. | ||
| parameters including associated |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| design issues such as pre-strip, | A small-scale mining fleet, utilising 100t excavators matched with 40t articulated dump trucks, was | ||||
| access, etc. | selected to accommodate initial access and development of mining areas. Larger 55t and 90t rigid | ||||
| body dump trucks are subsequently utilised to enhance mining efficiency during the initial years of | |||||
| the project. | |||||
| Mine design criteria include: minimum mining width, ramp width and gradient, pit exit location and | |||||
| slope design parameters. | |||||
| The assumptions made regarding | |
Geotechnical design parameter guidance was provided by George, Orr & Associates and applied | |||
| geotechnical parameters (e.g. | pit | to pit optimisations and pit designs. | |||
| slopes, stope sizes, etc.), grade | |||||
| control and pre-production drilling. | An allowance for grade control was included in the pit optimisation in accordance with | ||||
| recommendations and costs provided by IMC Mining Pty Ltd. The timing of grade control drilling | |||||
| was determined from the mining schedule and its cost included in the cost/cashflow estimates. | |||||
| Scheduling has identified that a pre stripping period of 4 months is required to achieve sustainable | |||||
| ore supplies at the required capacities. | |||||
| The major assumptions made and | |
Only Indicated Resource materials, modified for dilution and ore loss, were considered as potential | |||
| Mineral Resource model used for | pit | ore in the pit optimisation process. No predetermined cut-offs were applied to the optimisation | |||
| and stope optimisation |
(if | model. | |||
| appropriate). | Slope design criteria, mining dilution, ore loss and processing recoveries were applied in the pit | ||||
| optimisation process together with mining, processing, transport cost estimates, commodity pricing | |||||
| estimates and royalties to generate revenue projections based on oxide ore production levels of | |||||
| 0.5Mtpa and fresh ore at a level of 1.0Mtpa and 1.35Mtpa. | |||||
| The mining dilution factors used. | | Mining dilution and ore loss were determined together in a 2 step process. | |||
| Step 1 accounted for the ore loss and dilution effects along the ore-waste boundary. Step 2 | |||||
| accounted for the internal mixing of ore types due to ore boundary accuracy limitations and blasting | |||||
| movement. | |||||
| These steps increased the Indicated material tonnage by 2% while the Cu, Au, and Ag and Fe | |||||
| grades are reduced by 3%. For the style of mineralisation and selected mining method, these | |||||
| changes are considered appropriate as a combination of dilution and recovery. | |||||
| The miningrecoveryfactors used. | | As described above for miningdilution. |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary |
|---|---|---|---|
| Any minimum mining widths used. | | Designs and cutbacks have been designed to suit 100t excavators, 40t 6WD articulated dump | |
| trucks, 55t and 90t rigid dump trucks. | |||
| A minimum mining width of 20m at pinch points. | |||
| Two way ramp systems widths of 25m. | |||
| One way ramp systems widths of 14m | |||
| Ramp gradient of 10%. | |||
| The manner in which Inferred Mineral | |
No Inferred Mineral Resources have been included in the Reserves. | |
| Resources are utilised in mining | |||
| studies and the sensitivity of the | An optimisation sensitivity including Inferred materials was undertaken only to identify future | ||
| outcome to their inclusion. | resource definition / extension opportunities and/or sterilisation requirements. | ||
| The infrastructure requirements of the | |
As the operating entity, the MJ V will provide all supporting infrastructure for the planned contract | |
| selected mining methods. | mining operation. This includes offices, lunchroom, ablutions, workshops, stores, fuel & oil storage | ||
| and dispensing, washbay, explosives magazines, and bulk explosive storage facility. | |||
| Metallurgical | The metallurgical process proposed | |
The deposit has three oxide ore types (oxide gold ore, supergene copper ore & oxide skarn ore) |
| factors or | and the appropriateness of that | and one fresh ore type (magnetite skarn) which constitutes the bulk of the ore tonnage. The | |
| assumptions | process to the style of mineralisation. | magnetite skarn is characterised by a variable level of pyrite overprinting. The pyrite overprinting | |
| affects the ability to produce clean copper concentrate. | |||
| Oxide gold ore is planned to be transported to a nearby existing gold treatment plant. Supergene | |||
| copper ore is planned to be transported to port facilities and sold without processing. | |||
| At the time of open pit optimisation, the Oxide skarn ore had no identified saleable value and was | |||
| therefore stockpiled for potential future processing. However, subsequent marketing studies | |||
| determined a DSO value for this material and therefore any of this material captured inside the pit | |||
| designs above the economic cut-off grade was considered as revenue generating ore for the | |||
| purposes of the ore reserve. This outcome increased the value of the designed pits. | |||
| Fresh skarn ore is planned to be processed on site delivering both a copper/gold sulphide | |||
| concentrate and a pyrite/gold concentrate from a conventional flotation circuit. The tailings steam | |||
| from the copper flotation process will be treated to produce a magnetite concentrate using magnetic | |||
| separation. |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | JORC Code explanation | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| As with the Oxide Skarn, subsequent to the open pit optimisation a market for the gold bearing pyrite | ||||||
| concentrate from the fresh material was identified and this product was included in the revenue | ||||||
| stream for the final project financials. | ||||||
| The concentrating process selection was based on metallurgical test work completed at ALS | ||||||
| Metallurgy in 2014 and 2015 under the supervision of Lycopodium Minerals Pty Ltd. The process | ||||||
| plant was designed and costed by Lycopodium. | ||||||
| Whether | the metallurgical process is | | The flotation and magnetic concentrating processes are conventional practices based on well tested | |||
| well-tested technology or novel in | technology utilised throughout the industry. | |||||
| nature. | ||||||
| The | nature, | amount and |
| Metallurgical test work on the gold ore was limited to grind leach testing on a single composite | ||
| representativeness of metallurgical | sample. Gold leach extraction was 89.6% accounting for soluble loss with a cyanide consumption | |||||
| test work undertaken, the nature of | of 3.45 kg/t after 24hours. | |||||
| the metallurgical domaining applied | ||||||
| and the | corresponding metallurgical | A detailed metallurgical testwork programme was conducted on a representative composite sample | ||||
| recovery | factors applied. | of the fresh skarn ore to determine comminution and physical characteristics of the ore types and | ||||
| process products and optimised processing conditions. Variability samples were tested following | ||||||
| the optimised processing route and greater than expected recovery variability was encountered | ||||||
| such that further testing of additional samples was recommended | ||||||
| Metallurgical domains were evident based on the degree of pyrite overprinting in the skarn ore. The | ||||||
| S:Cu ratio was modelled in the resource and used to define the copper recovery algorithm, but the | ||||||
| additional testing recommended is required to better link the metallurgical domains with the resource | ||||||
| model | ||||||
| Recovery factors for the various ore type used in the optimisation process are presented below | ||||||
| For the Oxide gold ore type, the recovery used was 92% Au. | ||||||
| The Supergene ore type and the Oxide Skarn are Direct Shipping Ores and 100% recovery was | ||||||
| used for Cu & Au. | ||||||
| Regressions were used to estimate the metal recoveries to the fresh rock copper concentrate. The | ||||||
| resulting global averages for the copper/gold concentrate were 83.7% Cu, 55.1% Au and 60.7% Ag. | ||||||
| Theglobal average for thepyrite concentrate was 29.8%Au. |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The magnetite Fe recoveryaveraged 60.7%of total Fe. | ||||
| Any assumptions or allowances | made | | Sulphur has been observed and modelled. | |
| for deleterious elements. | ||||
| Mercury and arsenic present in the copper concentrate will be addressed in the smelter terms | ||||
| although test work indicates these elements will generally be below penalty concentrations. Arsenic | ||||
| in the pyrite will be sold off site with the pyrite concentrate. | ||||
| The existence of any bulk sample or | | No bulk sample or pilot scale testing was conducted. Lycopodium do not consider this necessary | ||
| pilot scale test work and the degree to | for this orebody and proposed flowsheet | |||
| which such samples are considered | ||||
| representative of the orebody | as a | |||
| whole | ||||
| For minerals that are defined | by a | | The copper and magnetite products will need to meet a specification once defined by the marketing | |
| specification, has the ore reserve | contract. Mineralogy and assay data has been determined to demonstrate product qualities that will | |||
| estimation been based on |
the |
be achieved. | ||
| appropriate mineralogy to |
meet | |||
| specifications? | ||||
| Environmental | The status of studies of potential |
| Base line environmental studies along with a full environmental impact analysis was carried out by | |
| environmental impacts of the mining | GAIA South independent consultants. | |||
| and processing operation. Details of | ||||
| waste rock characterisation and the | The rainfall at the site is high and sediment loads will naturally be high within the stream courses. | |||
| consideration of potential sites, status | Environmental control dams (ECDs) are provided where surface water leaves the site and the | |||
| of design options considered | and, | catchments include runoff from operational areas. The environmental control dams have limited | ||
| where applicable, the status of | ability to reduce sediment loads and the primary means of sediment control will be to limit sediment | |||
| approvals for process residue storage | runoff at source (from localised areas). | |||
| and waste dumps should be reported. | ||||
| Climate data for the site is based on climate stations located at lower elevation and closer to the | ||||
| coast. Site specific climate data is presently of insufficient duration to use in the climatology model. | ||||
| Site rainfall may be higher than the coastal stations. | ||||
| Flow data from the site’s streams is insufficient to develop specific runoff characteristics which may | ||||
| indicate higher of lower levels of runoff than those assumed. | ||||
| The site water model currently assumes that in pit dewatering will be treated through a wetland | ||||
| system and perimeter pit dewatering discharged directly to the site streams. The quality and quantity | ||||
| ofpit water is to be confirmed. |
| Criteria | JORC | Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Geochemical assessment of the waste material is currently being undertaken. It is currently | |||||
| assumed that approximately 50% of waste will be potentially acid forming (PAF) or leachable. All | |||||
| waste rock that has the potential to generate acid or metal leachate will require encapsulation by | |||||
| non-acid forming material (NAF). There is considered to be sufficient NAF material to provide | |||||
| suitable encapsulation. | |||||
| Geochemical testing of the tailings indicates that the tailing facility will need a high density | |||||
| polyethylene (HDPE) liner and compacted soil liner subgrade to reduce seepage. The tailings will | |||||
| need to be maintained at saturation to reduce acid generation. | |||||
| Infrastructure | The | existence of |
appropriate | |
The Mabilo Project is located in Camarines Norte Province, Eastern Luzon, Philippines; the required |
| infrastructure: availability | of land for | project infrastructure is readily available. | |||
| plant | development, power, water, | ||||
| transportation (particularly for bulk | Paved roads provide access to the Area of Interest and planned facilities. The last 2kms into the | ||||
| commodities), | labour, | project area has a gravel road. | |||
| accommodation; or the | ease with | ||||
| which | the infrastructure can be | High-voltage power is available within 2Km of the project area. There remains questions on the | |||
| provided, or accessed. | capacity of the line to support the project and as such a site power station has been provided for in | ||||
| the feasibility scope. | |||||
| Potable water supply for offices and bathhouse facilities is available from local potable water bores. | |||||
| A containerised water treatment plant and UV sterilisation facility will be used. | |||||
| Water needed for processing will come from surface water management. Three existing creeks run | |||||
| through the tenement. | |||||
| Larap Port site is approximately 40kms from the process plant and will be used for the shipping of | |||||
| products. The feasibility has a capital allowance to upgrade the facility. Some upgrade work to | |||||
| existing roads will be required for the supply of consumables and delivery of concentrate products. | |||||
| Allowance in the feasibility has been made for this work. | |||||
| A permanent accommodation camp for key staff has been allowed for in the feasibility. | |||||
| The Camarines Norte province of the Philippines is an established mining region. The majority of | |||||
| workers are readily available from nearby existing communities. Where special skills are required, | |||||
| they will be sourced from other areas of the Philippines or through an Expatriate workforce. |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary |
|---|---|---|---|
| Costs | The derivation of, or assumptions | |
The process plant was broken down into unit operation areas with quantity take-offs benchmarked |
| made, regarding projected capital | against similar facilities from previous projects to provide the additional scope and level of | ||
| costs in the study. | confidence needed to confirm that the accuracy level of the estimate was achieved. | ||
| The overall plant layout and equipment sizing was prepared with sufficient detail to permit an | |||
| assessment of the engineering quantities for the majority of the facilities for earthworks, concrete, | |||
| steelwork, and mechanical items. The layouts enabled preliminary estimates of quantities to be | |||
| taken for all areas and for interconnecting items such as piperacks. | |||
| Unit rates for labour and materials were derived from responses to Budget Quotation Requests | |||
| (BQRs) sent to fabricators and contractors experienced in the scale and type of work in the region. | |||
| Budget pricing for equipment was obtained from reputable suppliers with the exception of low value | |||
| items which were costed from Lycopodium's database of recent project costs. | |||
| For the accommodation camp, offices and other architectural buildings, quoted pricing was supplied | |||
| by MJV from GXD (China). | |||
| For the tailings storage facility and surface water management structures bills of quantities and | |||
| pricing estimates were provided by Knight Piésold based on their preliminary designs. | |||
| A number of items were costed by outside consultants under the control of the MJV. These included | |||
| the port, external access roads, water transmission and environmental / social costs. | |||
| The MJV provided costs for Owners team and other related expenses. | |||
| Contingency has been applied to all parts of the estimate. | |||
| Mining capital costs include expenses for mining infrastructure as outlined above. The contract | |||
| mining operation has no mining fleet capital expenditure as these costs are incorporated in the | |||
| contract mining costs. Pre-production mining costs have been categorised as capital expenditure. | |||
| The methodology used to estimate | |
Process plant Operating costs were compiled from information sourced by Lycopodium and the | |
| operating costs. | MJV | ||
| Manning levels and pay rates advised by MJV to suit the proposed process plant unit operations | |||
| and plant throughput. | |||
| Consumableprices from supplier budgetquotations and the Lycopodium database. |
| Criteria | JORC Code | explanation | explanation | Commentary | Commentary | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Flotation reagent consumption and metal / concentrate recoveries based on laboratory testwork | ||||||||
| results and the mining schedule. | ||||||||
| Modelling by Orway Mineral Consultants (OMC) for crushing and grinding energy and consumables, | ||||||||
| based on ore characteristics derived from relevant testwork. | ||||||||
| First principle estimates where required based on typical operating experience or standard industrial | ||||||||
| practice. | ||||||||
| Benchmarking within the Philippines and comparison with costs at other similar operations. | ||||||||
| Mining operating expenditure was estimated based on mining volumes and other physicals provided | ||||||||
| by the production schedule for each of the mining activities. Personnel and equipment resource | ||||||||
| levels to undertake the mining activities were determined based on equipment productivities, | ||||||||
| available equipment hours, equipment operating costs and the manpower requirements of the Joint | ||||||||
| Venture and contractor parties for technical support, supervision and management. 2015 prices for | ||||||||
| equipment, consumables (fuel, explosives, etc.) and labour were applied to derive mining operating | ||||||||
| costs varying with time. | ||||||||
| Rehabilitation and closure costs were allowed for and estimated at USD0.10/tonne mined. | ||||||||
| Allowances | made for the | content of | |
As no deleterious elements have been identified, no allowances were made. | ||||
| deleterious elements. | ||||||||
| The derivation of | assumptions | made | |
The base metal prices used for the pit optimisation study are Copper $5,200/t, Gold $1,125/oz, | ||||
| of metal or commodity price(s), | for the | Silver $15/oz and Iron $65/t, all US dollars. | ||||||
| principal minerals | and co- products. | The base metal prices used in the financial model are Copper $5,000/t, Gold $1,200/oz. Silver | ||||||
| $14/oz and Iron $50/t, all US Dollars. | ||||||||
| These prices were provided by the Joint Venture and were based on the spot prices at the time | ||||||||
| Derivation of transportation charges. | | Ore and concentrate transport costs of $0.25 per tonne per km have been used. | ||||||
| This cost was provided by the Joint Venture and is based on standard industry prices currently | ||||||||
| available in the Philippines. | ||||||||
| The basis for forecasting or source of | |
The refining charges for copper concentrate are: | ||||||
| treatment | and | refining | charges, |
|||||
| penalties | for | failure | to | meet | $0.10/lb Cu + $5/oz Au + $0.4/oz Ag. | |||
| specification,etc. |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | JORC Code explanation | JORC Code explanation | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary | Commentary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| This cost was provided by the Joint Venture and is based on a marketing study conducted by | |||||||
| Conrad Partners. | |||||||
| The allowances | made for royalties | |
A 2% government excise tax was applied. | ||||
| payable, | both | Government and |
|||||
| private. | |||||||
| Revenue | The derivation of, or assumptions | |
Gold ore revenue factors: | ||||
| factors | made | regarding revenue factors |
| The resource grades adjusted for dilution | |||
| including | head | grade, metal or | | The processing recoveries detailed above | |||
| commodity price(s) exchange rates, transportation and treatment charges, penalties, net smelter returns, etc. |
|
Gold price detailed above Refining charge $5/oz au Excise tax 2% |
|||||
| Copper supergene ore revenue factors: | |||||||
| | The resource grades adjusted for dilution | ||||||
| | Treatment charge $130/t ore | ||||||
| | Refining charge $13/t ore | ||||||
| | Metal prices detailed above | ||||||
| | Pay-ability deductions: 1% cu metal, $6/oz au | ||||||
| | Pay-ability rates: 99% of cu, 90% of au, 0% of ag | ||||||
| | Refinement charge | ||||||
| | Excise tax | ||||||
| Copper concentrate revenue factors: | |||||||
| | The Resource grades adjusted for dilution | ||||||
| | The processing recoveries detailed above | ||||||
| | Copper and gold prices detailed above | ||||||
| | Copper concentrate treatment charge:$100/t | ||||||
| | Refining charge on payable cu & au: $0.10/lb cu + $5/oz au | ||||||
| | Excise tax | ||||||
| Magnetite concentrate revenue factors: | |||||||
| | The resource grades adjusted for dilution | ||||||
| | The processing recoveries detailed above | ||||||
| | Iron ore price detailed above | ||||||
| | Excise tax |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| | Processing costs and recoveries were provided by Lycopodium | |||
| | Transport costs were provided by the MJV. | |||
| | Concentrate treatment charges were provided by Conrad Partners who conducted a marketing | |||
| study | ||||
| | Refining charges were provided by Conrad Partners who conducted a marketing study. | |||
| | Shipping charges were provided by Conrad Partners. | |||
| | Net Smelter Returns and payabilities were provided by Conrad Partners as part of their marketing | |||
| study. | ||||
| The derivation of assumptions made | | Based on Spot Prices at the time. | ||
| of metal or commodity price(s), for the | ||||
| principal metals, minerals and co- | ||||
| products. | ||||
| Market | The demand, supply and stock | | The supply and demand forecasts for copper were based on the International Copper Study | |
| assessment | situation for the particular commodity, | Group Monthly Report, October 2015. Price forecasts for copper and magnetite were referenced | ||
| consumption trends and factors likely | from the World Bank Commodity Price Forecast October 2015, with magnetite adjusted based on | |||
| to affect supply and demand into the | predicted quality | |||
| future. | ||||
| Ocean freight market terms were derived from the November 2015 outlook of Braemar ACM | ||||
| Shipbroking, and the commercial terms for the Mabilo products, including treatment and refining | ||||
| charges, were based on long term data compiled by Conrad Partners Ltd, attained from custom | ||||
| market surveys and prevailing sales agreements on comparable material. | ||||
| A customer and competitor analysis | | The Mt Labo project is well positioned to ship products from the Larap Port for delivery to the large | ||
| along with the identification of likely | Asian Pacific markets, specifically to China, Japan and Korea. The project can deliver products to | |||
| market windows for the product. | each of these destinations using well established ocean freight routes. The combined Asian | |||
| copper smelting capacity, not including India exceeds 7mtpa. The project can also consider the | ||||
| delivery of copper concentrates to Philippines domestic smelting capacity | ||||
| Price and volume forecasts and the | | The assumed prices are: copper $5,000/t, gold $1,200/oz, silver $14/oz and iron $50/t, all US | ||
| basis for these forecasts. | dollars. |
| Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary |
Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary |
Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary |
Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary |
Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary |
Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary |
Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Mtpa forecast annual production estimated by MJV for copper is 13,600 tonnes, gold 49,900oz and iron is 257,000t. 1.35Mtpa forecast annual production estimated by MJV for copper is 18,300t, gold is 67,000oz and Iron is 347000t. |
||||||
| Economic The inputs to the economic analysis to produce the net present value (NPV) in the study, the source and confidence of these economic inputs including estimated inflation, discount rate, etc. The economic analysis is based on cash flows driven by the production schedule. The cashflow projections include: initial and sustaining capital expenditure estimates mining, processing, transport and concentrate treatment operating cost estimates revenue estimates based on metal prices and adjusted for fees, charges, pay-ability estimates and excise tax. closure cost company tax estimates |
||||||
| NPV ranges and sensitivity to variations in the significant assumptions and inputs. The sensitivity shows the NPV for the 1.35 Mtpa at the 8-percent discount rate when capital costs, gold price, copper price, variable mining cost and processing costs are increased and decreased in increments of 5 percent within a +/- 10 percent range. NPV Sensitivity (US$M) -10% -5% Base 5% 10% Processing Plant Capital Cost 137.3 131.2 125.0 118.6 112.2 Gold Price 105.0 115.0 125.0 135.3 145.2 Copper Price 95.1 110.1 125.0 139.9 154.7 Variable Mining Cost 131.2 128.1 125.0 121.9 118.7 Processing Cost 137.5 131.2 125.0 118.9 112.8 |
||||||
| NPV Sensitivity (US$M) | ||||||
| -10% | -5% | Base | 5% | 10% | ||
| Processing Plant Capital Cost |
137.3 | 131.2 | 125.0 | 118.6 | 112.2 | |
| Gold Price | 105.0 | 115.0 | 125.0 | 135.3 | 145.2 | |
| Copper Price | 95.1 | 110.1 | 125.0 | 139.9 | 154.7 | |
| Variable Mining Cost | 131.2 | 128.1 | 125.0 | 121.9 | 118.7 | |
| Processing Cost | 137.5 | 131.2 | 125.0 | 118.9 | 112.8 | |
| Social The status of agreements with key stakeholders and matters leading to social licence to operate. Stakeholder support has been strong during property acquisition process. |
and through the permitting |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Company has submitted a Social Development Management Plan (SDMP) to support the | |||||
| proposed Mabilo Mining Project and this is subject to review by the Mines and Geosciences Bureau | |||||
| (MGB) Region V. In the interim MGB Region V has approved the Community Development Plan for | |||||
| implementation. | |||||
| The application for Environmental Compliance Certificate(ECC)is well advanced. | |||||
| Other | To the extent relevant, the | impact of | |||
| the following on the project | and/or on | ||||
| the estimation and classification of the | |||||
| Ore Reserves. | |||||
| Any identified |
material | naturally | |
The risk of large scale pit wall failure occurring is low if the pit slopes are excavated as per design | |
| occurring risks. | and with the pre-split drilling and blasting activities allowed for in the mine plan are adhered to. The | ||||
| consequences of such an unlikely event will result in extra mining costs and delays but won’t prevent | |||||
| extraction of the scheduled ore. | |||||
| There is a risk of large scale pit flooding impacting on the performance of the project if the project | |||||
| area is hit with cyclonic rainfall. Production and cash flow delays may be incurred. | |||||
| Geotechnical investigation for mine infrastructure comprised a broad assessment of the typical | |||||
| ground conditions present at the site. The core recovery during borehole drilling was low and the | |||||
| boreholes did not confirm the depth of rock head. No boreholes were drilled at the waste dump or | |||||
| tailings storage facility (TSF) and the ground conditions have been inferred from boreholes drilled | |||||
| elsewhere. | |||||
| The feasibility stage site investigation comprised a broad assessment of the typical ground | |||||
| conditions present at the site. In the next phase of work, ground investigation is required that is | |||||
| specifically focussed on the site layout and comprises drilling techniques that return higher quality | |||||
| core. | |||||
| The permeability and compressibility of the in situ ground at the TSF and waste dump (WD) is not | |||||
| confirmed. The rate at which earthworks are constructed will need to be carefully controlled to | |||||
| ensure adequate stability is maintained. During later stages of construction of the waste dump, | |||||
| waste rock will be available to provide a drainage layer. A provisional sum has been allowed for in | |||||
| the cost estimate for localised ground improvement to aid consolidation of the TSF and WD during | |||||
| Stage 1 construction. |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | JORC Code explanation | JORC Code explanation | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The site is located in an area of high seismic activity. Site investigation indicates that the natural | ||||||||
| ground is at risk of liquefaction under a seismic event. A preliminary liquefaction assessment | ||||||||
| indicates that a sacrificial earthworks bund will be constructed around the external perimeter of the | ||||||||
| structural zone of the TSF to limit deformations. | ||||||||
| The TSF has been designed to accommodate the co-disposal of both the non-magnetic and pyrite | ||||||||
| tailings stream. It has been confirmed that a market for the pyrite has been identified and the pyrite | ||||||||
| will be transported off site. | ||||||||
| A water balance model indicated that the TSF has a positive water balance over the life of mine. A | ||||||||
| water treatment plant for the treatment of supernatant water is expected to be operating up to 6 | ||||||||
| months of the year under average conditions to treat supernatant water and up to 12 months of the | ||||||||
| year under a 1 in 100 year ARI wet sequence. | ||||||||
| Site investigation of the plant site indicates that the ground is at risk of high settlement under static | ||||||||
| loading and seismically induced liquefaction. Key structures are considered to require piling which | ||||||||
| has been included in the capital costs. Bedrock was not encountered during the investigation and it | ||||||||
| is expected to be present at considerable depth. | ||||||||
| The status |
of | material | legal | | Negotiations with land owners and land occupiers are in progress in order to secure land access. | |||
| agreements | and | marketing | However environmental approval for the project and rights to undertake mining and processing | |||||
| arrangements. | activities still need to be obtained. | |||||||
| Service contracts for mining, ore and concentrate transport, port services and ship loading, security | ||||||||
| and operating of accommodation facilities are yet to be done. | ||||||||
| Preliminary marketing negotiations have taken place. More definitive agreements will be put in | ||||||||
| place once the project implementation schedule has been finalised. | ||||||||
| The status of government agreements | | Exploration Permit EP-014-2013-V, covering the Mabilo Project, is currently in the renewal process. | ||||||
| and approvals | critical to the viability of | |||||||
| the project, | such as mineral tenement | Approval needs to be obtained via a Mineral Production Sharing Agreement (“MPSA”). This is the | ||||||
| status and | government and statutory | mechanism to secure the Mabilo “Contract Area” which is a term comparable to a mining lease in | ||||||
| approvals. There must be reasonable | other jurisdictions. | |||||||
| grounds to | expect | that all | necessary | |||||
| Government | approvals | will | be |
MPSA approval for the oxide mining phase (no processing) has been applied for but this has not | ||||
| received | within | the timeframes |
been granted yet. During this phase ore and waste are mined and all ore is transported away without | |||||
| anticipated | in | the | Pre-Feasibilityor | onsite treatment. |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary |
|---|---|---|---|
| Feasibility study. Highlight and |
|||
| discuss the materiality of any |
MPSA approval application for the phase after the oxide mining has yet to be submitted. This second | ||
| unresolved matter that is dependent | phase includes both mining and processing activities and the scale of the operation will be bigger. | ||
| on a third part on which extraction of | |||
| the reserve is contingent. | During this phase mining excavations will extend beyond the “Contract Area” southern boundary | ||
| into a block which contains a watershed. Because of the watershed this block cannot be part of a | |||
| “Contract Area”. However because only waste (no ore) needs to be mined south of the boundary | |||
| and because the pit design does not intersect the water shed, approval to establish this cut may be | |||
| obtained from the Mines and Geosciences Bureau via Sections 75 and 76 of the MiningAct. | |||
| Classification | The basis for the classification of the | |
Probable Ore Reserves were determined from Indicated resource materials as per guidelines. |
| Ore Reserves into varying confidence | |||
| categories. Whether the result |
|||
| appropriately reflects the Competent | |||
| Person’s view of the deposit. The | |||
| proportion of Probable Ore Reserves | |||
| that have been derived from |
|||
| Measured Mineral Resources(if any). | |||
| Audits or | The results of any audits or reviews of | |
Ore Reserve estimate has been reviewed internally by Orelogy. |
| reviews | Ore Reserve estimates. | ||
| No external reviews or audits have been undertaken on the Ore Reserve estimate. | |||
| Discussion of | Where appropriate a statement of the | |
The Ore Reserve estimate is the outcome of the Feasibility Study with geological, metallurgical, |
| relative | relative accuracy and confidence level | geotechnical, engineering and mining engineering considerations. It has a nominal accuracy of ± | |
| accuracy/ | in the Ore Reserve estimate using an | 15%. | |
| confidence | approach or procedure deemed |
||
| appropriate by the Competent |
The project has a high NPV and is robust in terms of costs variations. It is sensitive to copper and | ||
| Person. For example, the application | gold price variations and to the ability to mine waste south of the “Contract Area” boundary (in order | ||
| of statistical or geostatistical |
to access ore within that boundary. | ||
| procedures to quantify the relative | |||
| accuracy of the reserve within stated | There is no guarantee that the study price assumption will be achieved as commodity prices can | ||
| confidence limits, or, if such an | vary significantly more than a ± 25% band width. This, and not having secured the required MPSA | ||
| approach is not deemed appropriate, | with an additional approval to mine waste south of the “Contract Area” boundary, are the main | ||
| a qualitative discussion of the factors | project uncertainties. | ||
| which could affect the relative |
|||
| accuracy and confidence of the | |||
| estimate. |
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | Commentary |
|---|---|---|---|
| The statement should specify whether | |
Global estimates have been used. | |
| it relates to global or local estimates, | |||
| and, if local, state the relevant | |||
| tonnages, which should be relevant to | |||
| technical and economic evaluation. | |||
| Documentation should include |
|||
| assumptions made and the |
|||
| procedures used. | |||
| Accuracy and confidence discussions | |
There are no undisclosed known areas of uncertainty. | |
| should extend to specific discussions | |||
| of any applied Modifying Factors that | Not having secured an MPSA with an approval to mine waste south of the “Contract Area” boundary | ||
| may have a material impact on Ore | is a main uncertainty for the project as outlined in this study. If these approvals cannot be obtained | ||
| Reserve viability, or for which there | the project needs to be reviewed and the Reserves be restated. | ||
| are remaining areas of uncertainty at | |||
| the current study stage. | The capital cost estimates were derived from first principles for the 1 Mtpa process plant to an | ||
| accuracy of +/- 15% and then the capital cost estimates were factored with an accuracy of +/- 25% | |||
| for the 1.35 Mtpa process plant. | |||
| The operating cost estimates were derived from first principles for the 1Mtpa process plant and then | |||
| plant costs were factored with an accuracy of +/- 25% for the 1.35Mtpa operating scenario. | |||
| It is recognised that this may not be | |
There has been no production to date, so no comparison to production or reconciliation data can | |
| possible or appropriate in all |
be made. | ||
| circumstances. These statements of | |||
| relative accuracy and confidence of | |||
| the estimate should be compared with | |||
| production data, where available. |