Earnings Release • Nov 17, 2025
Earnings Release
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This presentation contains "forward-looking statements" for purposes of the safe harbor provisions under the U.S. Private securities litigation reform act of 1995, as amended. These forward-looking statements are generally identified by words such as "anticipate," "believe," continue," "could," "estimate," "expect," "intend," "may," "might," "seem," "seek," "future," "outlook," "model," "target," "goal," "plan," "possible," "potential," "predict," "project," "should," "strive," "would," "will" or words of similar meaning that predict or indicate future events or trends or that are not statements of historical facts. These forward-looking statements may include, among other things, statements about future financial condition and results of operations, plans, objectives, strategies, beliefs, expectations and intentions with respect to, among other things, future opportunities for reservoir's business, growth initiatives and market opportunities, competitive landscape, prospective performance, revenues, products, pricing, operating expenses, market trends, liquidity, cash flows and uses of cash and capital expenditures. Such forward-looking statements are based upon the current beliefs and expectations of reservoir's management and are inherently subject to significant business, economic and competitive risks, uncertainties and contingencies.
Actual results, performance or achievements may differ materially, and potentially adversely, from any forwardlooking statements and the assumptions on which these forward-looking statements are based. There can be no assurance that the information contained in this presentation is reflective of future results, performance and/or achievements to any degree. These forward-looking statements are provided for illustrative purposes only, and you are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements as a guarantee, assurance or prediction of future results, performance and/or achievements as these forward-looking statements are based on estimates and assumptions, whether or not identified in this presentation, that are inherently subject to various significant risks, uncertainties, contingencies and other factors, many of which are difficult to predict and generally beyond the control of Reservoir. There may be additional risks and other factors that reservoir does not currently know or that Reservoir currently believes are immaterial that could also cause actual results, performance or achievements of Reservoir to differ from those contained in these forward-looking statements. Consequently, there can be no assurance that the actual results, performance and achievements anticipated in this presentation will be realized or, even if substantially realized, that they will have the expected consequences to, or effects on, reservoir. Additional information concerning these and other factors that may impact the business, prospects, financial condition and/or results of operations discussed in this presentation can be found in Reservoir's periodic reports or other filings with the SEC, which are available publicly on the sec's website at www.sec.gov.
All information set forth in this presentation speaks only as of the date hereof or the date of such information, as applicable, and reservoir expressly disclaims any intention or obligation to update any forward-looking statements as a result of developments occurring after the date of this presentation. These forward-looking statements should not be relied upon as representing Reservoir's assessments as of any date subsequent to the date of this presentation and, accordingly, undue reliance should not be placed upon these forward-looking statements.
This presentation contains unaudited financial information of reservoir. The unaudited financial information has been prepared on the same basis as Reservoir's audited financial statements and, in the opinion of reservoir's management, reflects all adjustments necessary for the fair presentation of the unaudited financial information. However, the unaudited financial information contained in this presentation is preliminary and may be subject to change. Accordingly, such financial information may be adjusted or may be presented differently in periodic reports or other filings filed by Reservoir with the SEC, and such differences may be material. In addition, past performance is not a guarantee or indication of future financial condition and/or results of operations and should not be relied upon for such reason.
This presentation also includes certain financial information, such as EBITDA or Adjusted EBITDA, that has not been prepared in accordance with united states generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"). Reservoir's management uses these non-GAAP financial measures to evaluate Reservoir's operations, measure its performance and make strategic decisions. Reservoir believes that the use of these non-GAAP financial measures provides useful information to investors and others in understanding Reservoir's results of operations and trends in the same manner as reservoir's management and in evaluating Reservoir's financial measures as compared to the financial measures of other similar companies, many of which present similar non-GAAP financial measures. However, these non-GAAP financial measures are subject to inherent limitations as they reflect the exercise of judgments by reservoir's management about which items are excluded or included in determining these non-GAAP financial measures and, therefore, should not be considered as a substitute for net income, operating income or any other operating performance measures calculated in accordance with GAAP. Using such non-GAAP financial measures in isolation to analyze Reservoir's business would have material limitations because the calculations are based on the subjective determination of reservoir's management regarding the nature and classification of events and circumstances that you may find significant. In addition, although other companies in Reservoir's industry may report measures titled EBITDA or Adjusted EBITDA or similar measures, such non-GAAP financial measures may be calculated differently from how reservoir calculates such non-GAAP financial measures, which reduces their overall usefulness as comparative measures. Because of these limitations, you should consider such non-GAAP financial measures alongside other financial performance measures and other financial results presented in accordance with GAAP. You should review Reservoir's audited and unaudited consolidated financial statements contained in its periodic reports or other filings with the SEC.
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The information in this presentation also includes information provided by third parties. None of Reservoir, its affiliates or any third parties that provide information to Reservoir or its affiliates, such as market research firms, guarantee the accuracy, completeness, timeliness or availability of any information or are responsible for any errors or omissions (negligent or otherwise), regardless of the cause, or the results obtained from the use of such information. While such information is believed to be reliable for the purposes of this Presentation, neither Reservoir nor any of its subsidiaries, stockholders, partners, members, affiliates, directors, officers, employees, advisers, representatives or agents makes any representation or warranty with respect to the accuracy of such information.
This presentation is for informational purposes only and is neither an offer to sell or purchase, nor a solicitation of an offer to sell, purchase or subscribe for, nor a recommendation or advice regarding, any securities in any jurisdiction. This Presentation has not been approved or recommended by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") or any other federal or state securities commission or securities regulatory authority or other regulatory body or authority, nor has any of these bodies or authorities passed upon the merits of, or the accuracy and adequacy of, any of the information contained in this presentation. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
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Additional information with respect to Reservoir may be found in its filings with the SEC available at the SEC's website at www.sec.gov and on Reservoir's website at www.reservoir-media.com.
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First U.S.-Based Publicly Traded Independent Music
Company


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1 As of 9-30-25
2 Wall Street Research
3 Based on 80% of LTM as of 06/30/25 Net Publisher Share (NPS) and Net Label Share (NLS)
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No Musical Composition Accounts for
86%
OF CATALOG
Retained for Life of
Copyright1
DIVERSIFIED BY....
Based on 80% of LTM Net Publisher Share (NPS) as of 06-30-25 2 Trailing twelve-month revenue ended 09-30-25


MIX2

GENRE1

RELEASE DATE1
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"It's Your Thing"
The Isley
Brothers
1.5%, (1969)

"Ring of Fire" Johnny Cash 1.1%, (1963)

"Take Me Home, Country Roads" John Denver 1.1%, (1971)

"Espresso" Sabrina Carpenter 0.8%, (2024)

"Lady Marmalade" Labelle 0.8%, (1974)

"Bring Me To Life" Evanescence 0.6%, (2003)

"Conga" Miami Sound Machine 0.5%, (1985)

"Austin" Dasha 0.5%, (2024)

"Disco Inferno" The Trammps 0.5%, (1976)

"Yeah!"
Usher
0.5%, (2004)
1,195 Songs Account For
80% of LTM NPS
with No Song Accounting For More Than 2% of LTM NPS
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36K+ SOUND RECORDING COPYRIGHTS
(I.E. "Master" Recordings)
No Master Recording Accounts for > 4%
OF NET LABEL SHARE1
100% OWNERSHIP Across 90% of Masters1
• Generation X (Billy Idol)
• The Delfonics
1 Based on 80% of LTM Net Label Share (NLS) as of 06-30-25 2 Trailing twelve-month revenue ended 09-30-25

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"Gangsta's Paradise" Coolio 3.8%, (1995)

"What It's Like" Everlast 1.9%, (1998)

"Nothing Compares 2 U" Sinéad O'Connor 1.9%, (1990)
5

"Missing"
Everything But
The Girl
1.7%, (1994)

"Can't You See" The Marshall Tucker Band 1.5%, (1973)

"The Breakup Song" The Greg Kihn Band 0.9%, (1981)

"It's Your Thing" The Isley Brothers 0.8%, (1969)
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"For the Love of You (Part 1 & 2)"
The Isley Brothers 0.7%, (1975)

"Hip Hop Hooray" Naughty by Nature 0.7%, (1992) 399 Recordings Account For
80% of LTM NLS2
with No Track Accounting For More Than 4% of LTM NLS
<sup>1 LTM Net Label Share (NLS) as of 06-30-25
<sup>2 Excluding Album/Compilation sales
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STRONG SECULAR TAILWINDS
VALUE ENHANCEMENT INITIATIVES
PROVEN M&A PLATFORM & NEW SIGNINGS
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| VALUE ENHANCEMENT | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SYNCHRONIZATION | Placement of musical compositions into television, film, advertisements, gaming platforms, and toys |
||||
| DIGITAL LICENSING | Digital licensing partnerships with content platforms and in-home fitness brands | ||||
| SETTLEMENTS | Representation on industry boards advocating for creators generates settlements from past infringement and enables collaboration on mechanisms for future licensing |
||||
| SAMPLING, COVERS, INTERPOLATIONS, REMIXES | Extract additional value from high-quality catalogs with proactive pitching | ||||
| EDUCATIONAL INITIATIVES | Development of interactive university courses to enhance brand exposure |
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"Thank God I'm A Country Boy" – John Denver

"Jump Around" – Naughty by Nature

"Ring of Fire" – Johnny Cash

"All Apologies" – Sinéad O'Connor

"Take me Home, Country Roads" – John Denver
Totaling \$2.0M IN LICENSING

\$18M
GENERATED IN SETTLEMENT PAYMENTS Over the Past Five Years (FY21-FY25)
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249 New Deals Considered In FY2024
107 OFFERS MADE
43%
66 DEALS INTO EXCLUSIVITY
62%
61 DEALS CLOSED
92%
\$918M CAPITAL DEPLOYED since inception1
100+
M&A TARGETS IN CURRENT PIPELINE AS OF 9-30-25
Totaling
\$1B+
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| VALUE ENHANCEMENT LEADS TO BOUGHT-DOWN MULTIPLES | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Date | Purchase Price | NPS/NLS (At Close) |
Multiple (At Close) |
NPS/NLS (FY2025) |
Multiple (FY2025) |
||
| 2021 | \$ 101.3 | \$ 5.5 | 18.3 x | \$ 9.5 | 10.7 x | ||
| 2020 | \$ 74.9 | \$ 4.1 | 18.1 x | \$ 4.7 | 15.8 x | ||
| 2020 | \$ 63.2 | \$ 3.7 | 17.0 x | \$ 4.5 | 14.0 x | ||
| 2019 | \$ 51.7 | \$ 3.6 | 14.4 x | \$ 8.4 | 6.2 x | ||
| 2014 | \$ 47.2 | \$ 4.5 | 10.4 x | \$ 6.2 | 7.6 x | ||
| 2018 | \$ 30.8 | \$ 2.5 | 12.4 x | \$ 4.7 | 6.6 x | ||
| 2020 | \$ 16.9 | \$ 1.3 | 13.4 x | \$ 1.2 | 13.7 x | ||
| 2021 | \$ 16.9 | \$ 1.0 | 17.7 x | \$ 1.1 | 15.3 x | ||
| 2021 | \$ 13.7 | \$ 0.8 | 18.1 x | \$ 1.9 | 7.1 x | ||
| 2012 | \$ 11.9 | \$ 1.1 | 11.1 x | \$ 1.1 | 11.0 x | ||
| 2023 | \$ 11.0 | \$ 0.8 | 14.3 x | \$ 1.0 | 10.8 x | ||
| 2023 | \$ 10.0 | \$ 0.5 | 18.7 x | \$ 0.7 | 13.9 x | ||
| 2021 | \$ 9.5 | \$ 0.6 | 16.1 x | \$ 0.8 | 11.3 x | ||
| 2022 | \$ 9.0 | \$ 0.8 | 10.6 x | \$ 0.7 | 13.1 x | ||
| 2023 | \$ 9.0 | \$ 0.9 | 9.9 x | \$ 0.6 | 14.1 x | ||
| 2010 | \$ 8.4 | \$ 1.5 | 5.4 x | \$ 3.1 | 2.7 x | ||
| 2017 | \$ 7.8 | \$ 0.6 | 13.3 x | \$ 0.6 | 12.2 x |
15.5x
WEIGHTED AVERAGE ENTRY MULTIPLE
4.4x
WEIGHTED AVERAGE REDUCTION IN MULTIPLE
Note: Reflects transactions of +\$7M in value that are at least 12 months old as of 03-31-25 and did not contain predominantly young assets expected to decay at closing

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Advance funds to established songwriters who are then under exclusive contract to create music with the benefit of longterm ownership.
\$202M CAPITAL DEPLOYED1
3 YEAR TYPICAL TERM CONTRACT
ALL SIGNIFICANT WRITER SIGNINGS HAVE POSITIVE IRR2
19.8% WEIGHTED AVERAGE IRR2
Kings of Leon Steph Jones
Killer Mike Oak Felder
Justin Bieber Ariana Grande
Ed Sheeran Sabrina Carpenter
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9.2x
EFFECTIVE CURRENT MULTIPLE
19.8% IRR
ON SIGNIFICANT WRITER SIGNINGS
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Adj. EBITDA year-overyear growth of 10% for the quarter


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| (\$ in millions) | Current Fiscal 2026 Outlook | Growth (at mid-point) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| REVENUE | \$167 - \$170 |
6% | ||
| ADJUSTED EBITDA | \$70 - \$72 |
8% |

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BALANCE SHEET METRICS as of 9-30-25
TOTAL DEBT2 : \$422M
CASH: \$28M
NET DEBT3 : \$394M
AVAILABLE DEBT: \$124M
1 Operating cash flows, less advances
2Total Debt is gross debt, less deferred financing costs
3 Net Debt is gross debt, less deferred financing costs, less cash
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• Notes & lyrics
• Royalty income paid on every version of the song typically split between publisher (NPS) and songwriter (writer's share/royalties)
Revenue / Gross Royalties
(-) Writer Royalties
= Net Publisher Share (NPS)
(-) Operating Expenses (Artist & Repertoire, Licensing, G&A, Talent Expense)
= EBITDA
Amortization
Advances
Recoupments
Capex

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• Collection of master recordings owned by a record label or performing artist
• Sound recording of a composition
Revenue / Sales / Royalties
(-) Artist Royalties
(-) Manufacturing & Distribution Costs
= Net Label Share (NLS)
(-) Operating Expenses (Artist & Repertoire, Licensing, G&A, Talent Expense)
= EBITDA
Amortization
Advances
Recoupments
Capex
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| MUSIC PUBLISHING | RECORDED MUSIC | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| REVENUE | Revenue / Gross Royalties | Revenue / Sales / Royalties | |||
| COST OF REVENUE | LESS: Writer Royalties | LESS: Artist Royalties LESS: Manufacturing/Distribution Costs |
|||
| GROSS PROFIT | Net Publisher Share (NPS) | Net Label Share (NLS) | |||
| OPERATING EXPENSES | LESS: OpEx (A&R, Licensing, G&A, Talent Expense) |
||||
| EBITDA | EBITDA |
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| FISCAL YEAR END: March 31(\$ in M) |
2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Publishing Revenue |
\$66 | \$77 | \$84 | \$96 | \$108 |
| Recorded Music & Other Revenue | \$14 | \$31 | \$38 | \$49 | \$52 |
| Total Revenue | \$80 | \$108 | \$122 | \$145 | \$159 |
| Percentage Growth YoY | 29% | 35% | 13% | 18% | 10% |
| Net Publisher Share | \$37 | \$42 | \$45 | \$54 | \$62 |
| Net Label Share & Other | \$10 | \$22 | \$29 | \$35 | \$39 |
| Gross Profit | \$47 | \$64 | \$74 | \$89 | \$101 |
| Gross Margin | 59% | 59% | 61% | 62% | 64% |
| Adj. EBITDA | \$32 | \$41 | \$46 | \$56 | \$66 |
| Adj. EBITDA Margin | 40% | 38% | 38% | 38% | 41% |
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| FISCAL YEAR END: March 31 (\$ in M) |
2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cash Flow Highlights | |||||
| Adj. EBITDA | \$32 | \$41 | \$46 | \$56 | \$66 |
| Recoupments | 13 | 13 | 13 | 14 | 22 |
| Interest, W/C Changes & Other | (9) | (14) | (5) | (17) | (20) |
| Cash From Operating (Adj. FCF) | \$35 | \$40 | \$54 | \$53 | \$68 |
| Acquisitions | (119) | (197) | (72) | (50) | (97) |
| Advances & Other Investing | (17) | (28) | (23) | (17) | (22) |
| Cash From Investing | (\$137) | (\$225) | (\$95) | (\$67) | (\$119) |
| Balance Sheet Highlights | |||||
| Ending Cash | \$9 | \$18 | \$15 | \$18 | \$21 |
| Ending Debt | \$213 | \$276 | \$312 | \$331 | \$388 |
| Net Debt | \$204 | \$258 | \$297 | \$313 | \$367 |
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| FISCAL YEAR END: March 31 (\$ in M) |
2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Net Income | \$ 9.3 | \$13.1 | \$2.8 | \$0.8 | \$7.7 |
| Adjustments | |||||
| Depreciation & Amortization | 14.1 | 19.0 | 22.1 | 25.0 | 26.3 |
| Income Tax Expense / (Benefit) | 2.1 | 4.3 | 5.6 | 0.3 | 2.1 |
| Interest Expense | 9.0 | 10.9 | 14.8 | 21.1 | 21.9 |
| EBITDA | \$ 34.5 | \$47.3 | \$45.2 | \$47.2 | \$58.1 |
| Operating Adjustments | |||||
| Exchange (Gain) / Loss | 0.9 | (0.3) | (0.3) | 0.1 | (0.6) |
| Change in Fair Value of IR Swaps | (3.0) | (8.6) | (2.8) | 1.1 | 4.2 |
| Non-cash Share-based Compensation | 0.1 | 2.9 | 3.2 | 3.4 | 4.4 |
| Recoupable legal fee write-off | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.7 | 0.0 |
| Other income (expense), net | (0.6) | 0.0 | 0.9 | 1.1 | (0.3) |
| Adjusted EBITDA | \$ 31.9 | \$41.3 | \$46.3 | \$55.6 | \$65.7 |
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Jackie Marcus
Alpha IR Group
[email protected] | 312-445-2870
Suzanne Arrabito
Reservoir
[email protected] | 212-675-0541
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