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Raiffeisen Bank International AG

Quarterly Report Aug 10, 2017

756_ir_2017-08-10_2acba78f-bcb3-41fb-9c1e-f34e4d62095f.pdf

Quarterly Report

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Semi-Annual Financial Report as of 30 June 2017

Survey of key data

Raiffeisen Bank International (RBI) Monetary values in € million 2017 2016 pro forma Change 2016 published Income statement 1/1-30/6 1/1-30/6 1/1-30/6 Net interest income 1,588 1,567 1.3% 1,455 Net provisioning for impairment losses (76) (403) (81.1)% (403) Net fee and commission income 842 773 8.9% 719 Net trading income 133 88 51.1% 84 General administrative expenses (1,573) (1,541) 2.1% (1,412) Profit/loss before tax 849 474 79.1% 450 Profit/loss after tax 656 297 121.1% 268 Consolidated profit/loss 587 236 149.1% 210 Statement of financial position 30/6 31/12 31/12 Loans and advances to banks 12,851 10,981 17.0% 9,900 Loans and advances to customers 81,101 79,769 1.7% 70,514 Deposits from banks 27,458 24,060 14.1% 12,816 Deposits from customers 81,595 80,325 1.6% 71,538 Equity 10,234 9,752 4.9% 9,232 Assets 138,603 134,804 2.8% 111,864 Key ratios 1/1-30/6 1/1-30/6 1/1-30/6 Return on equity before tax 17.4% 10.5% 6.9 PP 10.6% Consolidated return on equity 12.9% 5.6% 7.3 PP 5.3% Cost/income ratio 60.6% 62.4% (1.8) PP 61.8% Return on assets before tax 1.36% 0.69% 0.68 PP 0.82% Net interest margin (average interest-bearing assets) 2.46% 2.40% 0.06 PP 2.76% Provisioning ratio (average loans and advances to customers) 0.19% 0.99% (0.80) PP 1.11% Bank-specific information 30/6 31/12 31/12 NPL ratio 7.3% 8.7% (1.3) PP 9.2% NPE ratio 6.7% 8.1% (1.4) PP 8.6% NPL coverage ratio 70.5% 75.2% (4.6) PP 75.6% NPE coverage ratio 61.3% 66.3% (5.1) PP 66.7% Risk-weighted assets (total RWA) 69,021 67,911 1.6% 60,061 Total capital requirement 5,522 5,433 1.6% 4,805 Total capital 12,100 11,804 2.5% 11,537 Common equity tier 1 ratio (transitional) 12.9% 12.7% 0.3 PP 13.9% Common equity tier 1 ratio (fully loaded) 12.8% 12.4% 0.4 PP 13.6% Total capital ratio (transitional) 17.5% 17.4% 0.1 PP 19.2% Total capital ratio (fully loaded) 17.4% 17.1% 0.3 PP 18.9% Stock data 1/1-30/6 1/1-30/6 1/1-30/6 Earnings per share in € 1.79 0.72 149.1% 0.72 Closing price in € (30.6.) 22.10 – – 11.28 High (closing prices) in € 24.44 – – 14.17 Low (closing prices) in € 17.67 – – 10.21 Number of shares in million (30/6) 328.94 – – 292.98 Market capitalization in € million (30/6) 7,270 – – 3,303 Resources 30/6 31/12 31/12 Employees as at reporting date (full-time equivalents) 49,688 50,203 (1.0)% 48,556 Business outlets 2,425 2,522 (3.8)% 2,506 Customers in million 16.5 17.0 (3.2)% 14.1

As of January 2017, RZB contributed business is fully included. Current RBI figures refer to the Combined Bank; unless specified otherwise, the historical pro forma data is based on the Combined Bank (consideration of the merger).

RBI in the capital markets 4
Group management report 7
Market development 7
Significant events 8
Earnings and financial performance9
Comparison of results year-on-year10
Comparison of results with the previous quarter13
Statement of financial position16
Risk management 18
Events after the reporting date18
Outlook 18
Segment report 19
Segmentation principles 19
Central Europe 20
Southeastern Europe 23
Eastern Europe 27
Group Corporates & Markets30
Corporate Center 32
Interim consolidated financial statements34
Statement of comprehensive income34
Statement of financial position37
Statement of changes in equity38
Statement of cash flows 39
Segment reporting 39
Notes 44
Notes to the income statement 49
Notes to the statement of financial position55
Risk report 70
Additional notes 89
Events after the reporting date93
Report on the Review of the condensed Interim Consolidated Financial Statements94
Statement of legal representatives96
Alternative Performance Measures97
Publication details/Disclaimer99

RBI in the capital markets

Performance of RBI stock

RBI's stock opened the second quarter at a share price of € 21.16 and closed the quarter on 30 June 2017 at € 22.10. This represented a gain of 4.5 per cent for the stock over the quarter, somewhat stronger than that of the European EURO STOXX Banks Index (up 2.9 per cent). The Austrian ATX stock index advanced 9.8 per cent during the same period. The favorable stock market conditions since the beginning of the year thus continued in the second quarter. Equities remain firmly in focus for investors thanks to positive economic and corporate data, as well as persistently low interest rate levels in the euro area and a decidedly relaxed political environment in Europe following the presidential elections in France. The publication of the preliminary results for the first half of 2017 on 25 July was positively received by the market and lead to a considerable 7 per cent increase on the day. As at 4 August (editorial deadline for this report), RBI's stock traded at € 24.95.

Price performance since 1 January 2017 compared to ATX and EURO STOXX Banks

Additional tier 1 capital issued

To further optimize its capital structure, RBI placed € 650 million of perpetual additional tier 1 capital (AT1) on 28 June 2017. It has a coupon of 6.125 per cent p.a. until December 2022, which will be reset thereafter. The transaction was preceded by numerous investor meetings at various destinations across Europe. In the course of a non-deal related roadshow from end-May to mid-June with meetings in Amsterdam, Copenhagen, The Hague, London, Madrid, Milan, Rotterdam and Zurich, market participants were briefed on the latest developments at RBI. A deal-related roadshow followed in late June in the run-up to the planned transaction and further information needs on the part of the more than 100 interested investors after the deal was announced were met by three RBI teams. At the same time, the teams visited investors in Amsterdam, Frankfurt, London, Paris, Vienna and Zurich. Furthermore, conference calls were held with investors from Asia, the Middle East, North America and several sovereign wealth funds. An online presentation given by the Management Board was also met with considerable interest among the more than 125 participants. Investor feedback from these discussions was highly positive, not only with regard to the volume to be placed but also with regard to the terms and conditions. This was also evidenced by the fact that the transaction was three times subscribed in just a few hours. Orders came in particular from investors in the UK and continental Europe.

Annual General Meeting

RBI's Annual General Meeting that took place on 22 June 2017 approved all resolutions proposed under the individual agenda items. Erwin Hameseder (President of Raiffeisen-Holding NÖ-Wien Beteiligungs GmbH) was elected new Chairman of the RBI Supervisory Board. The Supervisory Board mandates of Heinrich Schaller (CEO of RLB OÖ) and Günther Reibersdorfer (CEO of Raiffeisenverband Salzburg) were extended. Peter Gauper (CEO of RLB Kärnten), Wilfried Hopfner (CEO of RLB Vorarlberg), Rudolf Könighofer (CEO of RLB Burgenland) and Johannes Ortner (CEO of RLB Tirol) were newly elected to the Supervisory Board. Also new to the Supervisory Board are Eva Eberhartinger, Chair of Tax Management in the Department of Finance, Accounting, and Statistics at the Vienna University of Economics and Business, and Birgit Noggler, an independent tax advisor with financial expertise gained in previous positions, including as CFO of an ATX listed company. Each member of the Supervisory

Board was elected until the end of the Annual General Meeting which will resolve on the granting of discharge for the 2021 financial year.

Active capital market communications

On 17 May 2017, RBI published its figures for the first quarter of the current financial year. Some 180 international analysts and investors participated in the subsequent conference call.

The conference call and the investor presentation are available online at www.rbinternational.com → Investor Relations → Presentations & Webcasts.

In the second quarter, RBI offered interested investors an opportunity to obtain first-hand information at roadshows and conferences in Amsterdam, Budapest, Copenhagen, Frankfurt, The Hague, London, Madrid, Milan, Paris, Rotterdam, Vienna and Zurich.

In July, it was decided to suspend the Initial Public Offering (IPO) of the Polish subsidiary Raiffeisen Bank Polska S.A.

A total of 24 equity analysts and 18 debt analysts (as at 30 June) regularly provide investment recommendations on RBI, making RBI the Austrian company with the largest number of analyst teams regularly reporting on it.

Stock data and details

RBI's stock has been listed on the Vienna Stock Exchange since 25 April 2005. At the end of the second quarter of 2017, the regional Raiffeisen banks held approximately 58.8 per cent of RBI shares, with the remaining shares in free float.

Share price as at 30 June 2017 € 22.10
High/Low (closing prices) in the second quarter of 2017 € 24.44/€ 18.95
Earnings per share for the first half of 2017 € 1.79
Bookvalue per share as at 30 June 2017 € 29.05
Market capitalization as at 30 June 2017 € 7.3 billion
Average daily trading volume in the second quarter of 2017 745,814 shares
Stock exchange turnover in the second quarter of 2017 € 960 million
Free float as at 30 June 2017 approximately 41.2%
ISIN AT0000606306
Ticker symbols RBI (Vienna Stock Exchange)
RBI AV (Bloomberg)
RBIV.VI (Reuters)
Market segment Prime Market
Number of shares issued as at 30 June 2017 328,939,621

Rating details

Ratings Moody's Investors Service Standard & Poor's
Long-term rating Baa1 BBB+
Outlook stable positive
Short-term rating P-2 A-2
Subordinated (Tier 2) Ba1 BBB
Additional Tier 1 B1 (hyb) BB
Junior Subordinated (Legacy Tier 1) B1 BB+

Financial calendar 2017 / 2018

31 October 2017 Start of Quiet Period
14 November 2017 Third Quarter Report, Conference Call
14 February 2018 Start of Quiet Period
14 March 2018 Annual Report 2017, Conference Call
15 March 2018 RBI Investor Presentation, London
1 May 2018 Start of Quiet Period
15 May 2018 First Quarter Report, Conference Call
11 June 2018 Record Date Annual General Meeting
21 June 2018 Annual General Meeting
28 June 2018 Ex-Dividend Date
29 June 2018 Record Date Dividends
2 July 2018 Dividened Payment Date
26 July 2018 Start of Quiet Period
9 August 2018 Semi-Annual Report, Conference Call
31 October 2018 Start of Quiet Period
14 November 2018 Third Quarter Report, Conference Call

Contact for equity and debt investors

E-mail: [email protected] Internet: www.rbinternational.com → Investor Relations Phone: +43-1-71 707-2089 Fax: +43-1-71 707-2138

Raiffeisen Bank International AG Group Investor Relations Am Stadtpark 9 1030 Vienna, Austria

Group management report

Market development

Highly developed economies continued to record improved growth in the first half of 2017. In addition, sentiment indicators, which are in significant positive territory across the board, underpin the prospect of a growth period extending well into 2018. The labor markets in the US and the euro area are also characterized by markedly rising employment. This supports private consumption as a pillar of economic growth. The euro area is expected to achieve GDP growth of 2.1 per cent for full-year 2017. The economic growth forecast for the euro area in 2018 is somewhat weaker (1.7 per cent), with growth momentum likely to have already peaked by then.

Following a positive start to the year with inflation rates rising significantly both in the US and in the euro area, the upward trend in prices subsided again towards mid-year. This was attributable to the renewed decline in commodity prices, notably in the oil price. As a result, core inflation (headline inflation excluding energy and food prices) should only move higher at a slow pace. Consequently, no material change is foreseeable in monetary policy. The Federal Reserve is continuing on its path of normalizing monetary policy, with four rate hikes anticipated in the US by end-2018. In contrast, the ECB is still in no hurry to tighten its monetary stance. Nevertheless, given that the risks of deflation and recession have now faded, clarification is expected by the fall of this year with respect to tapering of the bond purchase program in 2018.

The Austrian economy should register an increase in real GDP of at least 2.2 per cent in 2017, with growth of 1.7 per cent forecast for 2018. Not only does this represent a rise compared to 2016, when real growth of 1.5 per cent was reached, but economic growth momentum in 2017 and 2018 also looks set to be more broadly based than it was in 2016 and should be driven by both domestic demand and foreign trade.

In Central Europe (CE) sentiment indicators such as purchasing managers indices reached levels in the first half-year that signal more rapid economic growth. This was subsequently also reinforced by strong GDP growth data for the first quarter of 2017. The economies of Poland and Hungary each grew by roughly 4 per cent compared to the previous year's quarter, with the Slovenian economy even expanding by as much as 5.3 per cent. Growth rates for the first quarter of 2017 were roughly 3 per cent in both the Czech Republic and in Slovakia. Moreover, recent growth has been broadly based and driven not only by rising demand among private households but also by investment growth and increasing foreign trade. Growth in the CE region should consequently reach 3.6 per cent for full-year 2017. This is mainly due to the strong outlook for growth of 3.8 per cent for Poland's economy in 2017. This year's forecast for Slovenia is high at 4.6 per cent. Growth of over 3 per cent in CE is also expected for 2018.

The situation in Southeastern Europe (SEE) likewise looks positive. The region's largest economy – Romania – is booming, mainly driven by domestic consumption, which in turn is buoyed by wage increases and tax reductions. First-quarter growth in Romania was 5.7 per cent year-on-year while the full-year forecast is 4.9 per cent, even higher than the previous year's rate of 4.8 per cent. However, its strong growth and expansionary fiscal policy also harbor risks in the event of a cyclical downturn. Economic momentum in Bulgaria similarly continues to persist whereas both Serbia and Croatia registered somewhat lower growth rates in the first quarter. Nevertheless, overall growth momentum in SEE will remain strong for full-year 2017, with 4.1 per cent GDP growth expected. For 2018, strong growth of 3.5 per cent is also forecast for the region.

In Eastern Europe (EE) the end of the recession in Russia is particularly noteworthy. Following year-on-year growth of 0.3 per cent in the fourth quarter of 2016, economic output increased by 0.5 per cent in the first quarter of 2017, somewhat stronger than expected. The latest data releases already point to a stronger second quarter. Economic conditions are also improving in Belarus, which resumed weak growth following two years of recession. In addition, the settlement of a dispute with Russia over oil and gas shipments reduces the country's economic risks. Accordingly, moderately positive GDP growth is expected for 2017, with a further recovery anticipated for 2018. In Ukraine, in contrast, the outlook has weakened somewhat in light of the economic blockade in eastern Ukraine. Overall, the economic outlook for EE is moderate, with growth of 1 per cent forecast for 2017. Thanks to the region's upside potential, however, the chances of an acceleration in growth momentum next year look good at present.

Region/country 2015 2016 2017e 2018f
Czech Republic 4.6 2.3 2.7 2.5
Hungary 3.1 2.0 3.8 3.6
Poland 3.8 2.7 3.8 3.1
Slovakia 3.8 3.3 3.3 4.0
Slovenia 2.3 2.5 4.6 3.3
Central Europe 3.8 2.6 3.6 3.1
Albania 2.2 3.5 4.0 4.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina 3.0 2.5 2.5 3.0
Bulgaria 3.6 3.4 3.7 3.7
Croatia 2.2 2.9 2.9 2.3
Kosovo 4.1 3.5 3.5 3.5
Romania 3.9 4.8 4.9 3.8
Serbia 0.7 2.8 3.0 3.0
Southeastern Europe 3.2 4.0 4.1 3.5
Russia (2.8) (0.2) 1.0 1.5
Belarus (3.8) (2.6) 0.5 1.5
Ukraine (9.8) 2.3 1.5 3.0
Eastern Europe (3.3) (0.1) 1.0 1.6
Austria 1.0 1.5 2.2 1.7
Germany 1.5 1.8 1.7 1.5
Euro area 2.0 1.8 2.1 1.7

Annual real GDP growth in per cent compared to the previous year

Source: Raiffeisen Research

Significant events

Completion of merger with RZB AG

Following the Extraordinary General Meeting of RBI AG in January 2017, which approved the merger with Raiffeisen Zentralbank Österreich AG (RZB AG) by a majority of 99.4 per cent, the merger was entered in the commercial register on 18 March 2017, thereby taking effect. In the course of the RBI AG capital increase, which was also entered in the commercial register, the shareholders of RZB AG were given new shares by way of consideration for the assets transferred in the merger. The total number of RBI AG shares issued is therefore now 328,939,621 compared to 292,979,038 previously.

The merger of RZB AG into RBI AG increased the number of consolidated companies by 175 specialized financial institution subsidiaries. The effect of the merger on equity amounted to € 519 million. Further details are given in the notes in the consolidated group section and in the statement of changes in equity.

The appointment of the new Management Board also took effect with the entry of the merger in the commercial register, the composition of which is as follows: Johann Strobl (CEO), Klemens Breuer (Deputy CEO and Retail Banking & Markets), Martin Grüll (CFO), Andreas Gschwenter (COO/CIO), Peter Lennkh (Corporate Banking), and Hannes Mösenbacher (CRO).

Placement of additional tier 1 capital (AT1)

In order to further optimize its capital structure RBI placed perpetual additional tier 1 capital (AT1) of € 650 million at the end of June 2017 with a value date of 5 July 2017. The coupon is 6.125 per cent p.a. until December 2022, after which it will be reset. Semi-annual coupon payments on scheduled coupon dates on 15 December and 15 June of each year are discretionary. Under

IFRS, on the basis of the terms and conditions of the issue the AT1 capital is classified as equity. Due to the value date the AT1 capital will not be included in the consolidated financial statements until the third quarter. Inclusion of the AT1 capital as at end-June 2017 would have increased the tier 1 ratio (transitional) by 94 basis points.

Earnings and financial performance

The merger of RZB AG into RBI AG took place in March 2017. Consequently, the constituent items from the statement of financial position and income statement, as well as the consolidated subsidiaries of RZB AG, were integrated into the RBI Group. The integration took place on 24 January 2017 following the resolutions of the Extraordinary General Meetings. For reasons of materiality, the effects of the merger were reflected as of 1 January 2017. The figures for the previous year's comparable period and reporting date are stated on a pro forma basis in this section – as though the merged company had already existed in this form in the previous year. In particular, all effects in connection with the sale and valuation of UNIQA Insurance Group AG were eliminated in the income statement. The pro forma figures were neither audited nor reviewed by an auditor. In contrast, the comparable figures in the consolidated financial statements section are based on the previous year's published figures in accordance with IFRS.

The focus in the first half of 2017 was on the very positive developments relating to impairment losses. Net provisioning for impairment losses was down 81 per cent, significantly below the previous year's level. The good overall macroeconomic situation also had a positive impact on non-performing loans. The NPL ratio was 7.3 per cent at mid-year, 1.3 percentage points lower than at the beginning of the year. This resulted from a reduction in the provisions required for non-performing loans and from derecognition of uncollectible loans. In addition, non-performing loans of € 469 million were sold above the carrying amount. The Group's total interest-bearing assets increased 1 per cent driven by short-term receivables, with the focus on optimizing liquidity positions as well as on moderate credit growth in some markets. Consolidated net profit improved € 352 million year-on-year to € 587 million. The increase was mainly due to the decline in net provisioning for impairment losses of € 327 million to € 76 million. The € 96 million rise in the operating result also contributed materially to the improved results.

Operating income posted an increase of 5 per cent year-on-year, or €129 million, to € 2,597 million, with all earnings components contributing to the rise. In net interest income, the improved interest margin was due to foreign currency effects in Russia and to liquidity position optimization. Net interest income rose 1 per cent to € 1,588 million, driven by a 6 basis point improvement in the interest margin to 2.46 per cent. Net fee and commission income also increased (up € 69 million), as did net trading income (up € 45 million), supported by the effects of the Russian rouble appreciation and higher income from payment transfer business.

General administrative expenses were up € 32 million year-on-year to € 1,573 million, mainly as a result of the appreciation of the Russian rouble. The average number of employees (full-time equivalents) reduced by 2,904 year-on-year to 50,330. Nevertheless, staff expenses increased 2 per cent to € 780 million due to currency developments. Other administrative expenses were up 3 per cent, or € 16 million, to € 636 million. This was primarily due to a € 7 million increase in regulatory expenses, whereas office space expenses reduced due to branch closures in the previous year. Regulatory expenses for deposit insurance fees and the resolution fund amounted to € 113 million in total, up from € 105 million in the previous year. The number of business outlets decreased 232 year-on-year to 2,425, mainly due to the optimization program and the sale of leasing activities in Poland (down 82), as well as ongoing branch optimization in Ukraine (down 73).

Total assets rose € 3,798 million since the start of the year to € 138,603 million, with loans to customers up € 1,332 million to € 81,101 million. Short-term positions in the form of repurchase and securities lending transactions increased € 1,177 million, to € 2,651 million. Consequently loans to corporate customers (large and mid-market corporates) decreased 2 per cent, or € 881 million, to € 44,624 million. Loans and advances to retail customers (private individuals as well as small and medium-sized entities) rose 3 per cent, or € 1,051 million, to € 33,068 million, with the largest increases in the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Russia.

Equity including capital attributable to non-controlling interests posted an increase of € 1,002 million to € 10,234 million, with € 519 million resulting from the merger of RBI AG and RZB AG. Alongside profit after tax of € 656 million, other comprehensive income amounted to minus € 93 million, mainly consisting of a valuation result from own liabilities measured at fair value of minus € 86 million. This is reported from the 2017 financial year onward in other comprehensive income (instead of in the income statement as was previously the case) due to the early application of IFRS 9.7.1.2.

In terms of regulatory capital, the key metrics changed as follows: Common equity tier 1 (after deductions) was € 8,936 million at the end of the period, € 332 million higher than at year-end 2016. Total capital pursuant to the CRR came to € 12,100 million, representing an increase of € 296 million compared to the 2016 year-end figure.

Total risk-weighted assets increased € 1,110 million to € 69,021 million. Based on total risk, the common equity tier 1 ratio (transitional) was 12.9 per cent as at 30 June 2017 and the total capital ratio (transitional) was 17.5 per cent. Excluding the transitional provisions as defined in the CRR, the common equity tier 1 ratio (fully loaded) stood at 12.8 per cent and the total capital ratio (fully loaded) was 17.4 per cent.

Comparison of results year-on-year

in € million 1/1-30/6/2017 1/1-30/6/2016
pro forma
Change 1/1-30/6/2016
published
Net interest income 1,588 1,567 21 1,455
Net fee and commission income 842 773 69 719
Net trading income 133 88 45 84
Recurring other net operating income 34 41 (7) 25
Operating income 2,597 2,469 129 2,284
Staff expenses (780) (767) (12) (701)
Other administrative expenses (636) (620) (16) (569)
hereof regulatory other administrative expenses (113) (105) (7) (103)
Depreciation (158) (153) (4) (142)
General administrative expenses (1,573) (1,541) (32) (1,412)
Operating result 1,024 928 96 871
Net provisioning for impairment losses (76) (403) 327 (403)
Other results (99) (51) (48) (18)
Profit/loss before tax 849 474 375 450
Income taxes (193) (177) (16) (182)
Profit/loss after tax 656 297 359 268
Profit attributable to non-controlling interests (68) (61) (8) (58)
Consolidated profit/loss 587 236 352 210

The pro forma figures were neither audited nor reviewed by an auditor.

Operating income

Net interest income

In the first six months of 2017, net interest income increased 1 per cent, or € 21 million, to € 1,588 million compared to the first half of 2016. This was mainly attributable to a € 52 million currency-related increase in net interest income in Russia; whereas small declines were booked in other markets due to persistently low interest rates.

The net interest margin rose 6 basis points year-on-year to 2.46 per cent, largely as a result of exchange rate effects in the Eastern Europe segment.

In the Central Europe segment, net interest income was up 39 per cent, or € 132 million, to € 471 million. Most of the increase was attributable to the reclassification of Poland from the Non-Core segment to the Central Europe segment (€ 131 million). In Hungary, net interest income rose € 7 million, mainly owing to liquidity optimization. In Slovakia, net interest income declined € 8 million due to lower interest rates. The Southeastern Europe segment reported a decrease in net interest income of 2 per cent, or € 8 million, to € 364 million. All the countries in this segment – except Romania (up € 2 million) – reported a decline in net interest income. In the Eastern Europe segment, net interest income increased 14 per cent, or € 56 million, to € 474 million. The largest rise was in Russia, with a currency-related increase of € 52 million. Ukraine also posted an increase in net interest income of € 8 million, mainly attributable to changes in interest rates on customer deposits. Net interest income in the Group Corporates & Markets segment continued to decline (down € 19 million) as a result of persistently low interest rates and early loan repayments.

Net fee and commission income

Net fee and commission income improved 9 per cent year-on-year, or € 69 million, to € 842 million due to currency appreciation in Eastern Europe and higher revenues. Net income from the payment transfer business posted the largest increase of 15 per cent, or € 45 million, to € 354 million driven by volumes and margins, particularly in the credit card business in Russia, Ukraine, Kosovo and at RBI AG. In addition, net income from the securities business rose € 12 million to € 74 million, with the largest contributions coming from RBI AG, Raiffeisen Centrobank AG and Russia. Net income from the management of investment and pension funds was up € 6 million to € 86 million due to higher volumes, particularly at Raiffeisen Capital Management and in Croatia. Net income from the foreign currency, notes/coins and precious metals business also increased 2 per cent, or € 4 million, to € 190 million, largely due to exchange rate effects in Russia.

Net trading income

Net trading income increased € 45 million year-on-year to € 133 million. Net income from equity- and index-based transactions rose € 39 million to € 14 million due to higher revenues at Raiffeisen Centrobank AG from issuance and sales of certificates (particularly partial protection and guarantee certificates). Net income from currency-based transactions improved € 22 million to € 71 million, mainly driven by valuation gains from derivatives and foreign currency positions in Russia and at RBI AG, an increase in the Czech Republic following the removal of the minimum exchange rate for the Czech koruna, and a more limited devaluation of the Ukrainian hryvnia than in the previous year. In contrast, a € 5 million decline was posted in Belarus – and also in Poland and Croatia – as net income from open foreign currency positions decreased for valuation reasons. Net income from interestbased business fell € 23 million to € 46 million, primarily due to a decline in interest income and valuation gains from derivatives and securities positions at RBI AG, as well as in Albania, Poland and Romania; while an increase was posted in the Czech Republic.

Recurring other net operating income

Recurring other net operating income fell € 7 million year-on-year to € 34 million. The net change was attributable to various individual items. In the Czech Republic, recurring other net operating income fell year-on-year as the previous year's period had included the sale of the card acquiring business (€ 8 million). In Poland, the disposal of the Polish leasing company resulted in a € 5 million reduction in income from leasing activities. In Hungary, net proceeds from the disposal of tangible and intangible fixed assets declined € 6 million. In contrast, € 6 million in provisions for litigation were released in Romania. The expenditure for other taxes fell € 10 million at RBI AG and in Hungary.

General administrative expenses

Compared to the same period of the previous year, general administrative expenses rose € 32 million to € 1,573 million, mainly due to currency effects. The cost/income ratio improved 1.8 percentage points to 60.6 per cent, largely due to higher operating income.

Staff expenses

Staff expenses rose 2 per cent, or € 12 million, year-on-year to € 780 million. The increase mainly resulted from higher staff expenses in Russia (up € 27 million), primarily caused by the appreciation of the Russian rouble and to a lesser extent by increased staffing levels. In Poland, in contrast, the sale of the leasing company and optimization measures taken by the bank reduced staff expenses by € 13 million to € 64 million.

The average number of staff (full-time equivalents) fell 2,904 year-on-year to 50,330. The largest decline was posted in Ukraine (down 1,411); other reductions resulted from the exclusion of Group units.

Other administrative expenses

Other administrative expenses increased 3 per cent, or € 16 million, to € 636 million. This increase was due to a € 12 million rise in contributions to the bank resolution fund, which were booked for the entire year in the first quarter. In addition, advertising, PR and promotional expenses increased € 11 million as a result of an advertising campaign supporting the launch of a new mobile application in Russia. In contrast, office space expenses were down € 13 million; mainly due to higher expenses in the previous year relating to the closure of branches in Asia and a reduction in expenses following the change of a location in Poland.

Depreciation of tangible and intangible fixed assets

Depreciation of tangible and intangible fixed assets increased 3 per cent, or € 4 million, to € 158 million due to impairment of buildings in the portfolio held by Raiffeisen Immobilienfonds.

Net provisioning for impairment losses

Net provisioning for impairment losses fell 81 per cent overall year-on-year, or € 327 million, to € 76 million. Most of the decline was attributable to a € 328 million reduction in individual loan loss provisioning to € 105 million. There was a net release of € 11 million of portfolio-based loan loss provisions in the reporting period compared to a net release of € 27 million in the same period of the previous year. Gains from loan termination or sale rose € 15 million year-on-year to € 17 million, predominantly in Poland. Net provisioning for impairment losses in the reporting period included € 54 million in relation to corporate customers (previous year's period: € 290 million), and € 51 million in relation to retail customers (previous year's period: € 104 million).

The largest declines in net provisioning for impairment losses were recorded at RBI AG, where the provisioning requirement fell € 129 million to € 38 million, and in Russia, where it fell € 52 million to € 11 million. The declines were the result of higher allocations in the previous year's period, particularly for large individual cases in the corporate customer business. Net provisioning for impairment losses also improved significantly in Ukraine, primarily supported by sales of non-performing loans, with a net release of € 36 million recorded in the reporting period compared to net provisioning of € 6 million in the previous year's period. In Albania, a net release of € 10 million stood in contrast to the previous year's period, in which the default of several large corporate customers resulted in net provisioning of € 35 million. The risk situation also improved in Hungary, where a net release of € 41 million was recorded for the reporting period (previous year's period: net provisioning of € 2 million), in the Czech Republic, where net provisioning for impairment losses fell € 23 million to € 4 million in the reporting period, and in Belarus, where net provisioning dropped € 10 million to almost zero. In Croatia, in contrast, the default of a large corporate customer led to a € 30 million increase in net provisioning to € 39 million. In Romania, net provisioning rose € 20 million to € 46 million for retail and corporate customers, mostly due to a provision for voluntary conversion offers relating to loans denominated in Swiss francs. In Poland, the increase in net provisioning was largely attributable to worse recovery rates for mortgage loans in the retail customer business, was partially offset by € 14 million in gains from loan termination or sale.

The portfolio of non-performing loans decreased € 978 million to € 5,933 million since the start of the year. Currency developments resulted in a € 136 million decrease. The actual reduction in non-performing loans on a currency-adjusted basis was therefore € 841 million. In particular, uncollectible loans were derecognized and there were also sales of non-performing loans. The largest declines were reported in the Group Corporates & Markets segment (down € 418 million), Ukraine (down € 272 million), Hungary (down € 105 million), Albania (down € 38 million), the Czech Republic (down € 34 million), and in Bulgaria (down € 26 million), whereas Croatia (up € 65 million) reported an increase. Compared to year-end 2016, the NPL ratio improved 1.3 percentage points to 7.3 per cent. Non-performing loans compared to loan loss provisions amounting to € 4,184 million, resulting in a NPL coverage ratio of 70.5 per cent, in comparison to 75.2 per cent at the year-end.

The provisioning ratio of 0.19 per cent, calculated based on the average volume of loans and advances to customers, was significantly below the previous year's ratio of 0.99 per cent.

Other results

Other results – consisting of net income from derivatives and liabilities, net income from financial investments, bank levies reported in sundry operating income/expenses, non-recurring effects, goodwill impairments and income from the release of negative goodwill, as well as net income from the disposal of Group assets – was down € 48 million year-on-year to minus € 99 million.

Net income from derivatives and liabilities

Net income from derivatives and liabilities increased from minus € 201 million in the previous year's period to plus € 26 million in the reporting period. This increase was due to improved valuation results from bank book derivatives, particularly interest rate swaps used to hedge government bonds in the fair value securities portfolio, as well as from own issues.

Net income from financial investments

Net income from financial investments fell € 346 million year-on-year to minus € 58 million. This was primarily attributable to net valuation losses on government bonds, which were hedged by interest rate swaps, and to gains from the sale of Visa shares in the previous year (€ 132 million).

Bank levies and non-recurring effects

The expense for bank levies fell € 4 million year-on-year to € 88 million. This was largely due to a € 6 million decrease in expenses in Hungary resulting from changes in the basis of calculation.

In Romania, a provision of € 22 million was released in the first quarter of 2017 after the Constitutional Court ruled that the Walkaway Law could not be applied retrospectively.

Net income from the disposal of Group assets

In the reporting period, net income from the disposal of Group assets amounted to less than € 1 million (previous year's period: € 6 million). The deconsolidation of entities in the reporting period resulted mainly from immateriality.

Income taxes

Income tax expense increased 9 per cent year-on-year, or € 16 million, to € 193 million; whereas the tax rate decreased from 37 per cent in the previous year's period to 23 per cent. This significant decline in the tax rate was the result of utilizing unrecognized loss carryforwards at several Group units (RBI AG, Hungary, Albania) to the considerably higher net income for the period. The tax rate also fell in Poland following higher tax expenses in the previous year's period due to the intragroup sale of the Polish leasing company.

Comparison of results with the previous quarter

in € million Q2/2017 Q1/2017 Change
Net interest income 792 796 (4) (0.6)%
Net fee and commission income 433 409 24 5.8%
Net trading income 69 64 5 7.7%
Recurring other net operating income 6 28 (22) (78.2)%
Operating income 1,300 1,298 2 0.2%
Staff expenses (392) (388) (3) 0.8%
Other administrative expenses (286) (350) 65 (18.4)%
hereof regulatory other administrative expenses (16) (97) 81 (83.7)%
Depreciation (81) (76) (5) 6.6%
General administrative expenses (758) (815) 56 (6.9)%
Operating result 541 483 58 12.0%
Net provisioning for impairment losses 4 (80) 83
Other results (26) (73) 48 (64.9)%
Profit/loss before tax 519 330 189 57.4%
Income taxes (118) (75) (44) 58.3%
Profit/loss after tax 401 255 146 57.1%
Profit attributable to non-controlling interests (34) (35) 1 (3.4)%
Consolidated profit/loss 367 220 147 66.7%

Operating income

Net interest income

Net interest income fell 1 percent quarter-on-quarter, or € 4 million, to € 792 million in the second quarter of 2017. Interest income remained under pressure from persistently low interest rates in RBI's markets. Companies valued at equity provided a one-off earnings contribution of € 15 million in the first quarter of 2017. The net interest margin (calculated based on interest-bearing assets) declined 6 basis points from the previous quarter to 2.43 per cent.

Net fee and commission income

Net fee and commission income rose 6 per cent quarter-on-quarter, or € 24 million, to € 433 million. This increase was largely attributable to seasonally higher revenues. The largest increase – 11 per cent, or € 19 million, to € 186 million – was in net income from the payment transfer business, caused by higher volumes, particularly in Russia, Romania, and Bosnia and Herzegovina. Net income from the sale of own and third party products was up € 8 million to € 21 million, with the strongest growth recorded in Russia and Romania. Net income from the foreign currency, notes/coins and precious metals business rose 5 per cent, or € 5 million, to € 98 million, and was also due to seasonal effects in Russia, Poland and Romania. Net income from the loan and guarantee business, in contrast, fell € 7 million to € 36 million, particularly in Russia and Romania, while RBI AG and the Austrian building society business posted increases.

Net trading income

Compared to the previous quarter, net trading income improved 8 per cent, or € 5 million, to € 69 million. Net income from equity- and index-based transactions rose € 16 million due to higher revenues at Raiffeisen Centrobank from issuance and sales of certificates (particularly partial protection and guarantee certificates). Net income from interest-based transactions, in contrast, fell € 14 million to € 16 million, largely due to valuation losses on securities positions and derivatives at RBI AG, as well as in Albania and Russia. Net income from currency-based transactions increased € 7 million to € 39 million, mainly driven by valuation gains on derivatives and foreign currency positions in Russia and the Czech Republic following the removal of the minimum exchange rate for the Czech koruna. In contrast, valuation losses were booked on foreign currency positions particularly in Albania and Hungary.

Recurring other net operating income

In the second quarter of 2017, recurring other net operating income dropped € 22 million quarter-on-quarter to € 6 million, mainly due to releases of provisions for litigation in the first quarter as well as various individual items and consolidation effects.

General administrative expenses

In the second quarter of 2017, general administrative expenses were € 758 million, down 7 per cent, or € 56 million, quarter-onquarter.

Other administrative expenses declined 18 per cent, or € 65 million, to € 286 million. The decline was driven by contributions to the bank resolution fund and deposit insurance fees, which are to be booked for the entire year in the first quarter (€ 79 million), due to specific regulations.

Depreciation of tangible and intangible fixed assets rose 7 per cent quarter-on-quarter, or € 5 million, to € 81 million, mainly due to the impairment of buildings in the portfolio held by Raiffeisen Immobilienfonds.

Net provisioning for impairment losses

In the first quarter of 2017, net provisioning for impairment losses amounted to € 80 million. In the second quarter, however, a net release of € 4 million was posted. The credit risk situation improved in the following Group units and countries: Net provisioning at RBI AG fell € 26 million to € 6 million, which was attributable to higher net provisioning in the first quarter following rating downgrades for several corporate customers. In Romania, net provisioning for impairment losses declined € 18 million to € 14 million, as net provisioning to cover the voluntary conversion of loans denominated in Swiss francs was significantly higher in the first quarter. Albania reported a net release of € 11 million, mainly in the corporate customer business, while net provisioning in the first quarter amounted to € 1 million. In Hungary, net releases rose € 12 million to € 26 million, primarily due to the corporate customer business.

In Croatia, in contrast, the default of a large corporate customer resulted in an increase of € 25 million to € 32 million in net provisioning for impairment losses.

The portfolio of non-performing loans fell € 876 million quarter-on-quarter to € 5,933 million, compared to a decline of € 102 million in the previous quarter. Currency developments were responsible for € 148 million of the reduction in the second quarter; on a currency-adjusted basis, the decrease was € 728 million, which was mostly attributable to the derecognition of uncollectible loans. The largest declines were reported in the Group Corporates & Markets segment (down € 444 million), Ukraine (down € 135 million), Hungary (down € 90 million) and Albania (down € 34 million), whereas Croatia (up € 32 million) reported increases. The NPL ratio was down 1.0 percentage point from the previous quarter to 7.3 per cent. At the same time, the NPL coverage ratio reduced from 74.0 per cent to 70.5 per cent.

Other results and taxes

Other results improved by € 48 million, from minus € 73 million in the first quarter of 2017, to minus € 26 million in the second quarter of 2017.

Net income from derivatives and liabilities

Net income from derivatives and liabilities rose € 9 million quarter-on-quarter to € 18 million as a result of the valuation of bank book derivatives and own issues.

Net income from financial investments

Net income from financial investments improved € 6 million quarter-on-quarter to minus € 26 million. This increase was largely attributable to the valuation of securities in the fair value portfolio and lower impairment charges on equity participations. Net proceeds from sales of securities in the securities held-to-maturity portfolio were lower than in the previous quarter.

Bank levies and non-recurring effects

Bank levies amounted to € 17 million in the second quarter of 2017 (previous quarter: € 71 million). The largest decline resulted from the first instalment of a one-off payment of € 41 million that RBI AG made in the first quarter of 2017. This is the first of a total of four annual payments that are to be booked in their entirety in the first quarter according to current regulations. In Hungary, € 13 million in bank levies for the full year were also posted in the first quarter of 2017.

In the first quarter of 2017, a provision of € 22 million was released in Romania relating to the "Walkaway Law".

Income taxes

Income taxes increased € 44 million quarter-on-quarter to € 118 million, largely due to higher taxable profits in Poland, the Czech Republic and Romania, and the recognition of withholding tax on dividend income at RBI AG in the second quarter. Tax expenses increased in Croatia due to the utilization of recognized loss carryforwards.

Statement of financial position

Since the start of the year, RBI's total assets rose € 3,798 million to € 138,603 million. Currency developments – predominantly the depreciation of the Russian rouble by 5 per cent and of the US dollar by 8 per cent – had a negative impact of € 1,086 million.

Assets

in € million 30/6/2017 Share 31/12/2016
pro forma
Share 31/12/2016
published
Share
Loans and advances to banks (less
impairment losses)
12,839 9.3% 10,931 8.1% 9,850 8.8%
Loans and advances to customers
(less impairment losses)
76,917 55.5% 74,574 55.3% 65,609 58.7%
Financial investments 22,986 16.6% 24,524 18.2% 16,972 15.2%
Other assets 25,861 18.7% 24,775 18.4% 19,433 17.4%
Total assets 138,603 100.0% 134,804 100.0% 111,864 100.0%

The pro forma figures were neither audited nor reviewed by an auditor.

Since the beginning of the year, loans and advances to banks before deduction of impairment losses increased 17 per cent, or € 1,870 million, to € 12,851 million. This was mainly due to a total rise of € 2,154 million in short-term positions in the form of repurchase and securities lending transactions to € 5,528 million, notably at RBI AG.

Loans and advances to customers before deduction of impairment losses rose 2 per cent, or € 1,332 million, to € 81,101 million. Short-term positions in the form of repurchase and securities lending transactions increased € 1,177 million to € 2,651 million. Consequently, loans to corporate customers (large and mid-market corporates) decreased 2 per cent, or € 881 million, to € 44,624 million. The largest reductions were recorded at RBI AG due to scheduled and early repayments and to the decline in the value of the US dollar, as well as in Russia (currency-related) and in Ukraine due to loan sales. Increases occurred in the Czech Republic and in Slovakia. Loans and advances to retail customers (private individuals, as well as small and medium-sized entities) rose 3 per cent, or € 1,051 million, to € 33,068 million, with the largest increases in the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Russia.

The item financial investments decreased € 1,538 million to € 22,986 million, primarily at RBI AG and in Poland and Russia. The rise under other assets resulted from an increase of the cash reserve at RBI AG.

Equity and liabilities

in € million 30/6/2017 Share 31/12/2016
pro forma
Share 31/12/2016
published
Share
Deposits from banks 27,458 19.8% 24,060 17.8% 12,816 11.5%
Deposits from customers 81,595 58.9% 80,325 59.6% 71,538 64.0%
Equity and subordinated capital 14,428 10.4% 13,989 10.4% 13,436 12.0%
Other liabilities 15,121 10.9% 16,431 12.2% 14,073 12.6%
Total equity and liabilities 138,603 100.0% 134,804 100.0% 111,864 100.0%

The pro forma figures were neither audited nor reviewed by an auditor.

The volume of Group financing from banks (mainly commercial banks) was up – predominantly at RBI AG – 14 per cent, or € 3,399 million, to € 27,458 million.

Deposits from customers increased 2 per cent, or € 1,270 million, to € 81,595 million. This included a € 273 million rise in deposits from corporate customers to € 31,696 million, mainly driven by growth in the Czech Republic and Russia. Deposits from retail customers were up € 849 million to € 48,277 million, notably in the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Romania.

Other liabilities fell € 1,309 million to € 15,121 million, with debt securities issued down by a net amount of € 840 million – mainly as a result of the lower refinancing requirement – while the reduction in negative fair values of trading and banking book derivatives occurred predominantly at RBI AG.

For information relating to funding, please refer to note (39) Risks arising from financial instruments, in the risk report section of the consolidated financial statements.

Equity on the statement of financial position

There was a positive impact of € 519 million on equity on the statement of financial position – consisting of consolidated equity, consolidated profit/loss and non-controlling interests – from the merger of RZB AG and RBI AG.

Additionally, equity on the statement of financial position rose 5 per cent compared to year-end 2016, or € 482 million, to € 10,234 million. The increase was mainly attributable to total comprehensive income.

Total comprehensive income of € 563 million comprised profit after tax of € 656 million and other comprehensive income of minus € 93 million. A loss of € 86 million from the early application of IFRS 9.7.1.2 with respect to the recognition of gains and losses on liabilities designated at fair value represented the largest item in other comprehensive income. A further negative contribution of € 9 million came from other changes in equity of companies valued at equity. In contrast, the cash flow hedge had a positive impact of € 6 million on other comprehensive income.

Total capital pursuant to the CRR/Austrian Banking Act (BWG)

The following consolidated figures have been calculated in accordance with the provisions of the Capital Requirements Regulation (CRR) and the Austrian Banking Act (BWG).

Total capital amounted to € 12,100 million as at 30 June 2017. This corresponds to an increase of € 296 million compared to the 2016 year-end figure. Common equity tier 1 (after deductions) was up € 332 million, mainly due to the inclusion of the 2017 half-year results eligible for retention. In contrast, the application of the transitional provisions for 2017 had a negative impact, which was partly compensated by the revised 2017 minimum capital requirements. Aside from the positive contribution to capital resulting from the merger of RZB and RBI, there were negative effects due to the offsetting of intra-Group transactions. Tier 2 capital was down € 36 million to € 3,164 million due to matured capital instruments.

Total capital compared to a total capital requirement of € 5,522 million. The total capital requirement for credit risk amounted to € 4,503 million, corresponding to an increase of € 13 million. The increase was mainly attributable to new business in the Czech Republic and Slovakia and was partly offset by the devaluation of the Russian rouble in June 2017. The total capital requirement for position risk in bonds, equities, commodities and currencies showed an increase of € 75 million, largely attributable to exchange rate fluctuations in the internal model and to the increase in bond positions in Russia. The total capital requirement for operational risk remained unchanged at € 728 million.

The interim half-year profit was included in the calculation of total capital, in accordance with the provisions of the CRR, based on a review by the auditor.

Based on total risk, the common equity tier 1 ratio (transitional) was 12.9 per cent and the total capital ratio (transitional) was 17.5 per cent.

Excluding the transitional provisions as defined in the CRR, the common equity tier 1 ratio (fully loaded) stood at 12.8 per cent and the total capital ratio (fully loaded) was 17.4 per cent.

Risk management

For further information on risk management, please refer to note (39) Risks arising from financial instruments, in the risk report section of the interim consolidated financial statements.

Events after the reporting date

There were no significant events after the reporting date.

Outlook

We target a CET1 ratio (fully loaded) of around 13 per cent in the medium term.

After stabilizing loan volumes, we look to resume growth with an average yearly percentage increase in the low single digit area.

We expect net provisioning for impairment losses for 2017 to be significantly below the level of 2016 (€ 758 million), supported by a high level of recoveries and gains on NPL sales.

After reaching the previous goal of approximately 8 per cent ahead of schedule, we expect the NPL ratio to reduce further in the medium term.

We aim to achieve a cost/income ratio of between 50 and 55 per cent in the medium term, unchanged from our previous target.

Our medium term return on equity before tax target is unchanged at approximately 14 per cent, with a consolidated return on equity target of approximately 11 per cent.

Segment report

Segmentation principles

Segment reporting at RBI is based on the current organizational structure pursuant to IFRS 8. A cash generating unit within the Group is a country. The Group's markets are thereby consolidated into regional segments comprising countries with comparable economic profiles and similar long-term economic growth expectations.

This results in the following segments:

  • Central Europe: Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia
  • Southeastern Europe: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Kosovo, Romania, and Serbia
  • Eastern Europe: Belarus, Russia and Ukraine
  • Group Corporates & Markets: Austrian and international corporate customers, Markets, Financial Institutions & Sovereigns, business with the Raiffeisen Banking Group (RBG) and specialized financial institution subsidiaries
  • Corporate Center: central control functions in RBI AG (e.g. Treasury), other Group units and minority interests (including UNIQA Insurance Group AG, and LEIPNIK-LUNDENBURGER INVEST Beteiligungs AG)

The segmentation has changed as a result of the merger of RBI AG and RZB AG. RBI's previous segments – Central Europe, Southeastern Europe, Eastern Europe and Corporate Center – have been expanded to include the RZB areas. The Group Corporates & Markets segment has been introduced for operating business booked in Austria. This primarily comprises financing business with Austrian and international corporate customers serviced from Vienna, Markets, Financial Institutions & Sovereigns, and business with the institutions of the Raiffeisen Banking Group. Also included in the segment are specialized financial institution subsidiaries such as Raiffeisen Centrobank, Kathrein Privatbank, Raiffeisen Leasing, Raiffeisen Factorbank, Raiffeisen Bausparkasse and Raiffeisen Capital Management.

Separately to the above, the Non-Core segment was dissolved in the first quarter of 2017, due to the conclusion of the transformation program, with the remaining business allocated to the regional segments.

These changes have resulted in a shift from a mixed system to an exclusively regional segmentation, as all of the operating business booked in each region is now consolidated into one segment.

The following description uses pro forma figures for 2016 in the year-on-year comparison (to adjust for changes resulting from the merger). The pro forma figures do not, however, incorporate the changes in segmentation resulting from the dissolution of the Non-Core segment. RBI AG merged with RZB AG in the first quarter of 2017.

Central Europe

1/1-30/6 1/1-30/6
2016
in € million 2017 pro forma Change Q2/2017 Q1/2017 Change
Net interest income 471 338 39.1% 235 235 0.0%
Net fee and commission income 275 191 43.8% 140 135 3.5%
Net trading income 31 13 140.1% 17 15 14.8%
Recurring other net operating income (9) 2 (3) (6) (56.7)%
Operating income 768 544 41.1% 389 379 2.7%
General administrative expenses (462) (323) 43.0% (210) (253) (17.1)%
Operating result 306 221 38.4% 180 126 42.5%
Net provisioning for impairment losses 8 (33) 18 (9)
Other results (40) 38 (14) (26) (45.8)%
Profit/loss before tax 274 226 21.1% 183 91 101.9%
Income taxes (41) (42) (3.9)% (28) (12) 134.5%
Profit/loss after tax 234 184 26.8% 155 79 96.9%

This period's figures are not directly comparable to the previous year's pro forma figures as the segment now includes Poland, which until the end of 2016 was reported in the Non-Core segment. Poland was reclassified as the intended sale of the Polish units could not be completed in the case of the bank.

Profit after tax in the segment rose € 49 million to € 234 million, with € 25 million of the increase attributable to the aforementioned inclusion of the Polish bank. In addition, much of the increase was driven by improved profit in Hungary, primarily resulting from higher net releases of loan loss provisions. In the Czech Republic, an improved credit risk situation was also responsible for increasing profits.

Operating income

Net interest income rose 39 per cent year-on-year, or € 132 million, to € 471 million. The increase was mainly due to the inclusion of Poland, which brought net interest income of € 131 million to the segment. In Hungary, net interest income was up € 7 million due mainly to lower interest expenses for deposits from customers and lower interest-like expenses. In contrast, net interest income declined € 8 million in Slovakia as a consequence of lower interest rates. The net interest margin decreased 7 basis points to 2.23 per cent. The decline was also due to a one-off effect in the Czech Republic, where the removal of the minimum exchange rate for the Czech koruna led to excess liquidity in the second quarter. There was no change to the margin through the newly included country Poland. In Poland itself, the margin improved by 39 basis points as a result of changes to the terms governing customer deposits and a reduction of excess liquidity.

Net fee and commission income rose 44 per cent year-on-year, or € 84 million, to € 275 million, including a positive effect of € 68 million from the inclusion of Poland in the segment. In the Czech Republic, net fee and commission income was up € 6 million to € 66 million, primarily due to better margins in the foreign currency, notes/coins, and precious metals business and higher net income from the payment transfer business. Hungary also reported an increase of € 6 million to € 64 million as a result of marginrelated gains and lower fee and commission expense.

Net trading income rose € 18 million to € 31 million. In the Czech Republic, net trading income increased € 16 million year-onyear to € 17 million, largely as a consequence of the removal of the minimum exchange rate for the Czech koruna and net valuation gains on interest-based derivatives. In Slovakia, currency-based transactions increased € 2 million, primarily driven by higher income from derivatives.

Recurring other net operating income fell € 11 million to minus € 9 million. Aside from the inclusion of Poland (minus € 4 million), the reduction was primarily attributable to a decline of € 8 million in the Czech Republic resulting from the sale of the card acquiring business (POS terminals) in the previous year.

General administrative expenses

General administrative expenses rose 43 per cent year-on-year, or € 139 million, to € 462 million. Staff expenses were up 46 per cent, or € 72 million, to € 228 million, mainly driven by the inclusion of Poland (€ 64 million). The increase of 4,540 to 13,696 in the average number of staff was largely the result of the reclassification of Poland to the segment. Other administrative expenses rose 42 per cent, or € 57 million, to € 191 million, with Poland accounting for € 58 million of the increase. Depreciation of tangible and intangible fixed assets rose 30 per cent, or € 10 million, to € 44 million, attributable again to the inclusion of Poland. The number of business outlets in the segment amounted to 634. There was a reduction of 83 business outlets in Poland to 237 as a result of the optimization program and the sale of the leasing business. The cost/income ratio increased 0.8 percentage points to 60.2 per cent.

Net provisioning for impairment losses

Net releases of provisions for impairment losses amounted to € 8 million in the reporting period compared to € 33 million in net provisioning for the same period of the previous year. In Hungary, net releases amounted to € 41 million (up € 42 million), as a result of an improved risk situation in the retail customer business. In the Czech Republic, net provisioning for impairment losses fell to € 4 million, compared to € 27 million in the previous year's period to cover defaults on the part of several large corporate customers. In Slovakia, in contrast, net provisioning for impairment losses rose € 3 million to € 7 million and was mainly for corporate customers. In Poland, net provisioning was € 22 million in the reporting period (€ 16 million in the previous year's period). The € 6 million increase in Poland, which resulted from higher net provisioning for retail customers due to worse recovery rates for mortgage loans, was partly offset by gains on sales of non-performing loans.

At the end of the second quarter of 2017, the proportion of non-bank non-performing loans in the Central Europe segment's loan portfolio stood at 5.6 per cent. The NPL coverage ratio was 63.9 per cent.

Other results and taxes

Other results in the Central Europe segment decreased € 78 million year-on-year to minus € 40 million.

The decrease was mainly driven by net income from financial investments, which fell € 58 million year-on-year. In the previous year's period, the sale of Visa shares generated € 56 million in proceeds (€ 31 million in Slovakia, € 19 million in the Czech Republic and € 6 million in Hungary).

Net income from the disposal of Group assets amounted to € 7 million in the same period of the previous year, and mainly resulted from the sale of a real estate leasing project in the Czech Republic and the disposal of several Group units in Hungary. There were no such effects during the period under review.

The bank levies contained in other results increased € 11 million to € 39 million, primarily due to the inclusion of Poland (€ 16 million). In Hungary, expenses declined € 6 million as a result of a change in the assessment base, while bank levies remained essentially unchanged in Slovakia at € 10 million.

The segment's income taxes decreased € 2 million year-on-year to € 41 million. The tax rate was 15 per cent, down from 19 per cent in the comparable period of the previous year. The lower tax rate was the result of tax loss carryforward utilization.

Detailed results of individual countries in the segment:

1/1-30/6/2017
in € million
Czech
Republic
Hungary Poland Slovakia
Net interest income 137 67 131 136
Net fee and commission income 66 64 68 77
Net trading income 17 10 (1) 5
Recurring other net operating income 6 (15) (4) 3
Operating income 226 125 194 222
General administrative expenses (129) (76) (131) (125)
Operating result 97 49 63 97
Net provisioning for impairment losses (4) 41 (22) (7)
Other results 6 (22) (13) (10)
Profit/loss before tax 99 68 28 79
Income taxes (20) (1) (3) (17)
Profit/loss after tax 79 67 25 62
Return on equity before tax 17.6% 22.2% 3.8% 14.4%
Return on equity after tax 14.1% 21.9% 3.4% 11.3%
Net interest margin (average interest-bearing assets) 1.79% 2.12% 2.24% 2.40%
Cost/income ratio 57.2% 60.6% 67.6% 56.5%
Loan/deposit ratio (net) 83.0% 60.2% 98.8% 95.3%
Provisioning ratio (average loans and advances to
customers)
0.08% (2.67)% 0.53% 0.15%
NPL ratio 3.6% 10.9% 8.3% 3.2%
NPL coverage ratio 72.0% 64.3% 58.0% 72.2%
Assets 16,598 6,922 11,791 11,864
Liabilities 15,391 6,222 10,283 10,840
Risk-weighted assets (total RWA) 6,339 3,536 6,526 5,547
Equity 1,207 700 1,508 1,024
Loans and advances to customers 10,125 3,039 8,325 9,178
hereof corporate % 36.8% 67.0% 32.7% 43.5%
hereof retail % 62.8% 30.9% 67.0% 56.4%
hereof foreign currency % 15.3% 46.8% 54.0% 1.5%
Deposits from customers 11,887 4,669 8,022 9,414
Business outlets 131 71 237 194
Employees as at reporting date 3,309 1,991 4,054 3,896
Customers 1,160,998 540,369 784,830 887,447

Southeastern Europe

1/1-30/6 1/1-30/6
2016
in € million 2017 pro forma Change Q2/2017 Q1/2017 Change
Net interest income 364 372 (2.1)% 186 179 3.9%
Net fee and commission income 192 189 1.6% 100 92 9.4%
Net trading income 19 31 (39.1)% 7 12 (38.7)%
Recurring other net operating income 15 6 154.3% 7 8 (4.8)%
Operating income 590 598 (1.3)% 301 290 3.7%
General administrative expenses (343) (337) 1.8% (164) (179) (8.7)%
Operating result 247 261 (5.2)% 137 110 24.0%
Net provisioning for impairment losses (66) (72) (8.1)% (32) (34) (5.9)%
Other results 25 (3) 1 24 (95.7)%
Profit/loss before tax 206 186 10.9% 106 100 5.4%
Income taxes (32) (28) 14.0% (20) (12) 64.9%
Profit/loss after tax 174 158 10.3% 86 88 (2.8)%

The segment's profit after tax was up € 16 million to € 174 million. A decline in the operating result – driven by net trading and net interest income – was offset by releases of provisions in connection with the Walkaway Law in Romania.

Operating Income

Net interest income fell 2 per cent, or € 8 million, year-on-year to € 364 million. Albania reported the steepest decline due to lower interest rates and volumes (down € 4 million), followed by Bulgaria and Croatia (both down € 2 million). In contrast, Romania reported the largest increase in the segment, a rise of € 2 million, which was driven by lower interest expenses for deposits from customers. In Bosnia and Herzegovina as well as Serbia, net interest income was almost unchanged. The segment's net interest margin fell 19 basis points to 3.38 per cent, with all countries reporting declines. The largest decrease of 50 basis points was in Serbia, which was mainly due to the reduction in interest rates in the customer business in line with benchmark rates.

Net fee and commission income was up 2 per cent, or € 3 million, to € 192 million. Net income from the payment transfer business rose € 4 million to € 104 million – largely as a result of higher margins and volumes in Kosovo, Albania, Serbia and Bulgaria. Net income from the foreign currency, notes/coins and precious metals business was also up € 2 million to € 42 million, mainly driven by developments in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Croatia, and Romania. In contrast, net income from the sale of own and third party products fell € 3 million to € 10 million due to lower fee and commission income in Romania and Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Net trading income in Southeastern Europe decreased 39 per cent, or € 12 million, year-on-year to € 19 million. The € 11 million decline in interest-based business to € 2 million mainly reflected volume-related lower interest income and lower valuation results from securities positions in Albania, Romania and Croatia.

Recurring other net operating income improved € 9 million to € 15 million, mainly as a result of a € 6 million increase in net income from other provisions in Romania (release of other provisions in connection with litigation).

General administrative expenses

General administrative expenses increased 2 per cent, or € 6 million, year-on-year to € 343 million. Staff expenses remained more or less unchanged at € 148 million, while the average headcount was down 235 to 14,923. The segment's other administrative expenses were up 2 per cent, or € 3 million, to € 155 million. This was attributable above all to increased advertising and security expenses in Romania. Depreciation of tangible and intangible fixed assets increased 6 per cent, or € 2 million, to € 40 million, mainly in Romania and Bulgaria.

The number of business outlets decreased year-on-year by 60 to 995, largely due to branch closures in Romania and Bulgaria. The cost/income ratio increased 1.7 percentage points to 58.1 per cent.

Net provisioning for impairment losses

Net provisioning for impairment losses decreased € 6 million to € 66 million. This was mainly due to the improvement in the risk situation in Albania. In the reporting period, Albania recorded net releases of € 10 million compared to provisioning of € 35 million in the comparable period of the previous year due to the defaults of several large corporate customers. In Bulgaria, increased collection activities resulted in a net release of € 11 million compared to € 2 million in the comparable period of the previous year. In contrast, the offer related to the voluntary conversion of Swiss franc loans in Romania led to a rise of € 20 million to € 46 million. In Croatia, the provisioning requirement amounted to € 39 million (increase of € 30 million), due to a large default of a corporate customer.

The share of non-performing loans to non-banks in the segment's loan portfolio was 10.2 per cent at 30 June 2017. The NPL coverage ratio stood at 76.7 per cent.

Other results and taxes

Other results increased from minus € 3 million in the comparable period of the previous year to plus € 25 million in the reporting period. In the first half of 2017, provisions of € 22 million were released in Romania in connection with the Walkaway Law after € 43 million was allocated to provisions in the comparable period of 2016.

Net income from derivatives and liabilities was up € 7 million, mainly reflecting the positive valuation of interest-based derivatives held for hedging purposes in Croatia. Net income from financial investments fell € 46 million year-on-year to € 2 million, largely due to proceeds of € 38 million from the sale of Visa shares in the previous year (€ 21 million in Romania, € 10 million in Croatia, € 7 million in Bulgaria) and lower gains on sale and results from the valuation of securities in the fair value portfolios in Albania, Croatia and Romania.

The segment's income tax expense increased € 4 million year-on-year to € 32 million, due to higher earnings above all in Romania. The tax rate rose slightly to 16 per cent.

Detailed results of individual countries:

1/1-30/6/2017
in € million
Albania Bosnia and
Herzegovina
Bulgaria
Net interest income 27 33 55
Net fee and commission income 7 20 22
Net trading income 0 1 1
Recurring other net operating income 0 0 2
Operating income 34 54 80
General administrative expenses (21) (25) (46)
Operating result 13 29 34
Net provisioning for impairment losses 10 (1) 11
Other results 0 (1) 0
Profit/loss before tax 24 27 45
Income taxes 0 (3) (4)
Profit/loss after tax 24 24 40
Return on equity before tax 25.1% 20.8% 19.5%
Return on equity after tax 25.0% 18.3% 17.5%
Net interest margin (average interest-bearing assets) 2.94% 3.36% 3.33%
Cost/income ratio 61.4% 46.4% 57.7%
Loan/deposit ratio (net) 42.2% 66.8% 85.5%
Provisioning ratio (average loans and advances to
customers)
(2.62)% 0.17% (0.97)%
NPL ratio 18.5% 8.1% 5.7%
NPL coverage ratio 76.2% 81.3% 83.3%
Assets 1,928 2,111 3,422
Liabilities 1,708 1,846 2,979
Risk-weighted assets (total RWA) 1,450 1,560 1,726
Equity 220 265 442
Loans and advances to customers 782 1,208 2,236
hereof corporate % 57.9% 31.6% 40.5%
hereof retail % 42.1% 67.8% 59.0%
hereof foreign currency % 52.3% 56.3% 45.2%
Deposits from customers 1,593 1,690 2,490
Business outlets 79 98 136
Employees as at reporting date 1,257 1,288 2,590
Customers 519,856 431,396 599,510
1/1-30/6/2017
in € million
Croatia Kosovo Romania Serbia
Net interest income 62 19 129 40
Net fee and commission income 34 6 84 20
Net trading income 6 0 8 2
Recurring other net operating income 8 0 3 1
Operating income 110 25 224 63
General administrative expenses (67) (13) (136) (35)
Operating result 43 12 88 28
Net provisioning for impairment losses (39) (2) (46) 1
Other results 3 0 22 0
Profit/loss before tax 7 10 65 28
Income taxes (10) (1) (9) (4)
Profit/loss after tax (3) 9 55 25
Return on equity before tax 2.3% 17.4% 17.6% 12.0%
Return on equity after tax 15.4% 15.0% 10.4%
Net interest margin (average interest-bearing assets) 2.99% 4.20% 3.49% 3.85%
Cost/income ratio 60.5% 52.2% 60.6% 56.0%
Loan/deposit ratio (net) 73.8% 76.8% 74.9% 66.9%
Provisioning ratio (average loans and advances to
customers)
2.78% 0.79% 1.91% (0.10)%
NPL ratio 18.1% 5.2% 8.0% 8.0%
NPL coverage ratio 75.0% 72.3% 72.4% 90.3%
Assets 4,436 883 7,747 2,245
Liabilities 3,807 766 6,980 1,737
Risk-weighted assets (total RWA) 2,750 565 4,368 1,651
Equity 628 117 766 508
Loans and advances to customers 2,806 560 4,784 1,218
hereof corporate % 39.4% 36.9% 31.9% 52.2%
hereof retail % 58.2% 63.1% 66.8% 47.7%
hereof foreign currency % 53.1% 0.0% 37.0% 62.3%
Deposits from customers 3,297 702 6,018 1,689
Business outlets 78 48 469 87
Employees as at reporting date 2,110 732 5,330 1,523
Customers 528,912 272,050 2,299,845 719,568

Eastern Europe

1/1-30/6 1/1-30/6
2016
in € million 2017 pro forma Change Q2/2017 Q1/2017 Change
Net interest income 474 417 13.5% 237 237 0.0%
Net fee and commission income 226 179 26.5% 117 109 7.1%
Net trading income 54 32 69.8% 32 22 43.1%
Recurring other net operating income (6) (6) (9.3)% (3) (3) 25.0%
Operating income 748 622 20.4% 383 366 4.6%
General administrative expenses (302) (236) 28.2% (150) (152) (1.6)%
Operating result 446 386 15.6% 233 213 9.0%
Net provisioning for impairment losses 25 (79) 7 19 (63.6)%
Other results 3 12 (75.5)% 0 3
Profit/loss before tax 474 318 49.0% 239 235 1.6%
Income taxes (100) (67) 48.0% (52) (48) 7.9%
Profit/loss after tax 374 251 49.3% 187 187 0.1%

As in the previous year, the Eastern Europe segment was again affected by a high level of currency volatility in the reporting period. The average exchange rate of the Russian rouble appreciated 22 per cent year-on-year, while that of the Belarus rouble rose 8 per cent. In contrast, the reporting date exchange rate of the Russian rouble was 5 per cent lower than at the start of the year.

The 49 per cent increase in profit after tax in the segment to € 374 million was mainly attributable to lower loan loss provisioning and to some extent the currency appreciation referred to above. In Russia, net income increased due to releases of loan loss provisions and a largely currency-related rise in net interest income. Higher net income in Ukraine was entirely attributable to lower loan loss provisioning. In Belarus, a lower operating result was only partially offset by lower allocations to loan loss provisions.

Operating income

Net interest income was up 14 per cent, or € 56 million, year-on-year to € 474 million. The largest increase was in Russia, which posted a mainly currency-related rise of € 52 million. Ukraine also reported a rise of € 9 million in net interest income, mostly reflecting adjustments to interest rates on customer deposits and the termination of subordinated liabilities. In contrast, net interest income in Belarus was down € 5 million year-on-year as a result of lower market interest rates. The segment's net interest margin fell 7 basis points year-on-year to 6.49 per cent, primarily due to the steep decline in the benchmark interest rate in Belarus from 18 to 12 per cent.

Net fee and commission income was up 26 per cent, or € 47 million, year-on-year to € 226 million. Net income from the payment transfer business rose 30 per cent, or € 25 million, to € 110 million, mainly as a result of exchange rate movements, but also due to higher volumes and margins in Russia and Ukraine. Net income from the sale of own and third party products also increased € 9 million to € 10 million, primarily in Russia. Net income from the foreign currency, notes/coins and precious metals business improved 12 per cent, or € 6 million, to € 58 million, due to currency, volume and margin effects in Russia and Ukraine.

Net trading income rose from € 32 million in the comparable period of the previous year to € 54 million. Net income from currency-based transactions in particular increased € 21 million to € 46 million. Russia reported a € 20 million rise due to valuation gains from derivative financial instruments and foreign currency positions. Ukraine also posted an increase of €7 million as a result of the more limited devaluation of the Ukrainian hryvnia. In contrast, Belarus posted a € 5 million decline due to a valuation-driven decrease in net income from open foreign currency positions. Net income from interest-based business was up € 2 million to € 10 million, driven by higher gains from derivative financial instruments and securities positions in Russia and Ukraine.

Recurring other net operating income slightly rose year-on-year by € 1 million to minus € 6 million.

General administrative expenses

General administrative expenses rose 28 per cent, or € 67 million, year-on-year to € 302 million. Russia accounted for most of the increase, which was primarily caused by the appreciation of the Russian rouble. Staff expenses in the segment were up € 31 million due to currency effects and a higher headcount in Russia. Other administrative expenses increased € 27 million to € 106 million. This reflected higher advertising expenses in Russia related to a campaign for a new mobile application, while at the same time legal, advisory and consulting expenses increased, as did deposit insurance fees and, for currency-related reasons, office space expenses. Depreciation was up € 8 million due to an increase in intangible fixed assets in Russia. The number of business outlets in the segment was down 76 to 771, primarily as a result of a reduction in Ukraine. The cost/income ratio increased 2.5 percentage points to 40.4 per cent.

Net provisioning for impairment losses

In the reporting period, there was a net release of provisions for impairment losses of € 25 million. In contrast, in the same period of the previous year net provisioning amounted to € 79 million. In Russia, net provisioning for impairment losses fell € 52 million to € 11 million, after higher net provisioning was necessary in the comparable period of the previous year mainly for large individual cases in the corporate customer business. The credit risk situation also improved considerably in Ukraine; a net release of € 36 million was reported in the period, supported by the sale of non-performing loans, after net provisioning of € 6 million was required in the comparable period of the previous year. In Belarus, no provisioning for impairment losses was required in the reporting period; whereas in the same period of the previous year, mainly for defaults in the corporate customer business, net provisioning amounted to € 10 million.

The share of non-performing loans to non-banks in the segment's loan portfolio amounted to 11.7 per cent (down 5.8 percentage points year-on-year) at the end of the second quarter. The NPL coverage ratio was 83.0 per cent (down 1.1 percentage points year-on-year).

Other results and taxes

Other results fell € 9 million year-on-year to € 3 million. This was primarily due to net income from financial investments, which declined € 8 million to almost zero, driven by lower valuation gains mainly on fixed income, US dollar-indexed government bonds in Ukraine.

The segment's tax expense increased € 32 million to € 100 million due to higher net income. The tax rate remained steady at 21 per cent.

Detailed results of individual countries:

1/1-30/6/2017
in € million
Belarus Russia Ukraine
Net interest income 60 323 90
Net fee and commission income 26 157 43
Net trading income 2 42 11
Recurring other net operating income (1) (5) 1
Operating income 87 517 144
General administrative expenses (39) (202) (62)
Operating result 48 315 82
Net provisioning for impairment losses 0 (11) 36
Other results 0 4 (1)
Profit/loss before tax 49 308 117
Income taxes (12) (67) (21)
Profit/loss after tax 37 241 96
Return on equity before tax 23.7% 34.1% 92.8%
Return on equity after tax 17.9% 26.7% 76.3%
Net interest margin (average interest-bearing assets) 8.69% 5.69% 9.74%
Cost/income ratio 44.4% 39.0% 43.0%
Loan/deposit ratio (net) 97.4% 83.3% 63.7%
Provisioning ratio (average loans and advances to customers) (0.08)% 0.27% (4.13)%
NPL ratio 8.2% 6.1% 40.5%
NPL coverage ratio 76.0% 73.1% 90.8%
Assets 1,472 11,978 2,111
Liabilities 1,115 10,169 1,872
Risk-weighted assets (total RWA) 1,402 8,049 1,917
Equity 357 1,809 239
Loans and advances to customers 939 7,765 1,627
hereof corporate % 69.8% 56.9% 58.7%
hereof retail % 30.2% 43.1% 41.3%
hereof foreign currency % 63.7% 31.5% 39.8%
Deposits from customers 903 8,811 1,615
Business outlets 90 183 498
Employees as at reporting date 1,951 7,912 7,904
Customers 757,195 2,393,008 2,547,250
1/1-30/6 1/1-30/6
2016
in € million 2017 pro forma Change Q2/2017 Q1/2017 Change
Net interest income 268 287 (6.5)% 134 135 (0.6)%
Net fee and commission income 160 143 11.8% 84 76 11.4%
Net trading income 81 59 37.7% 39 42 (6.8)%
Recurring other net operating income 49 70 (29.7)% 23 26 (9.4)%
Operating income 559 559 (0.1)% 281 278 0.9%
General administrative expenses (337) (322) 4.8% (178) (160) 11.4%
Operating result 221 237 (6.7)% 103 119 (13.2)%
Net provisioning for impairment losses (39) (55) (29.8)% 16 (55)
Other results 7 (18) 7 0
Profit/loss before tax 189 164 15.1% 126 63 98.7%
Income taxes (38) (26) 45.3% (38) (1) >500.0%
Profit/loss after tax 151 138 9.4% 88 63 41.3%

Group Corporates & Markets

The Group Corporates & Markets segment encompasses RBI's operating business booked in Austria. The contributions to profit come from RBI AG's corporate customer and markets business. Other significant contributions come from the Austrian specialized financial institution subsidiaries.

The profit after tax increased 9 per cent, or € 13 million, to € 151 million. The segment's operating income was unchanged yearon-year, while general administrative expenses increased. Net provisioning for impairment losses amounted to € 39 million in the reporting period, due to the default of several large corporate customers, compared to € 55 million in the previous year. Other results improved by € 24 million due to a higher valuation result from derivatives and a lower bank levy.

The following table shows the main profit contributors by sub-segment:

Profit/loss after tax
in € million
1/1-30/6
2017
1/1-30/6
2016
pro forma
Change Q2/2017 Q1/2017 Change
Corporates Vienna 53 31 68.3% 50 2 >500.0%
Markets Vienna 45 42 6.3% 15 30 (50.5)%
Specialized financial institution subsidiaries
and other
54 65 (17.2)% 23 30 (22.4)%
Group Corporates & Markets 151 138 9.4% 88 63 41.3%

Operating income

Net interest income declined 7 per cent, or € 19 million, to € 268 million, predominantly due to the continuing low interest rate level. The segment's net interest margin also continues to suffer from the low interest rate environment. The decline of 37 basis points to 1.41 per cent is primarily due to early repayments of loans and advances to corporate customers and a lower volume of new building society business.

In contrast, net fee and commission income improved 12 per cent, or € 17 million, to € 160 million. Higher fee and commission income was primarily reported in the payment transfer business, investment banking (share and bond issues), in the investment and pension fund management business, as well as in the securities business.

Net trading income rose € 22 million year-on-year to € 81 million. The main increases occurred in banknote trading, market making in the capital markets business and in the structured products business.

Recurring other net operating income fell € 21 million to € 49 million, due predominantly to the disposal of various Group units at the beginning of the year.

General administrative expenses

General administrative expenses increased 5 per cent, or € 15 million, to € 337 million. Staff expenses rose € 5 million. This was due to RBI AG's staff expenses, which increased slightly as a result of higher staffing levels and salary adjustments. Other administrative expenses rose € 4 million due to higher deposit insurance fees. Depreciation was up € 6 million owing to the impairment of buildings. The segment's cost/income ratio increased 2.8 percentage points to 60.4 per cent.

Net provisioning for impairment losses

Net provisioning for impairment losses amounted to € 39 million in the reporting period, due to the default of several large corporate customers, compared to € 55 million in the same period of the previous year.

In the second quarter of 2017, the proportion of non-bank non-performing loans in the segment's loan portfolio amounted to 5.8 per cent. The NPL coverage ratio was 63.2 per cent.

Other results and taxes

Other results improved € 24 million to € 7 million. This was mainly the result of a € 51 million improvement in valuation results from derivatives. In contrast, net income from financial investments was down € 40 million due to positive effects from gains on the sale of bonds and valuation gains in the securities portfolio in the previous year. Net income from the disposal of group assets was slightly negative in the first half of 2017, following net income of € 8 million in the same period of the previous year.

Expenses for bank levies declined € 22 million to € 5 million.

Income tax expense increased € 12 million to € 38 million due to higher net income.

Corporate Center

1/1-30/6 1/1-30/6
2016
in € million 2017 pro forma Change Q2/2017 Q1/2017 Change
Net interest income 742 274 171.1% 681 61 >500.0%
Net fee and commission income (7) 2 (5) (2) 123.2%
Net trading income (43) (18) 145.0% (26) (17) 55.1%
Recurring other net operating income 41 37 9.6% 9 32 (70.8)%
Operating income 733 296 148.1% 660 74 >500.0%
General administrative expenses (184) (179) 3.1% (86) (99) (13.4)%
Operating result 549 117 370.3% 574 (25)
Net provisioning for impairment losses 0 (10) (98.0)% 0 0
Other results (134) (94) 43.0% (58) (77) (24.5)%
Profit/loss before tax 414 13 >500.0% 516 (102)
Income taxes 37 14 159.6% 39 (2)
Profit/loss after tax 451 27 >500.0% 555 (103)

This segment essentially comprises net income from Group head office's governance functions and from other Group units. As a result, its net income is generally more volatile. Profit after tax increased € 424 million year-on-year to € 451 million as a result of improved net interest income due to higher dividend income. There was an increase of € 19 million to € 44 million in expenses for bank levies due to the one-off payment of € 41 million made by RBI AG in the first quarter. This was the first of four annual payments, which the regulations stipulate are to be booked in full in the first quarter.

Operating income

Net interest income increased € 469 million year-on-year to € 742 million. This positive development was mostly due to higher dividend income (increase of € 405 million).

In contrast, net fee and commission income declined € 9 million year-on-year to minus € 7 million. The decline resulted mainly from lower guarantee income.

Net trading income decreased € 25 million year-on-year to minus € 43 million, primarily driven by valuation losses on derivatives at RBI AG.

Recurring other net operating income improved € 4 million to € 41 million. The increase was due mainly to higher income from intra-Group service charges.

General administrative expenses

General administrative expenses in the segment increased 3 per cent, or € 6 million, to € 184 million, as a result of higher staff expenses due to increased staffing levels.

Net provisioning for impairment losses

The provisioning requirement in the reporting period was less than € 1 million, whereas net provisioning totaled € 10 million in the same period of the previous year.

Other results and taxes

Other results declined € 40 million to minus € 134 million. The expenses for bank levies reported in the segment amounted to € 44 million, € 19 million higher than in the same period in the previous year. This development was mainly due to the payment of € 41 million made by RBI AG in the first quarter.

Following the revision of the Austrian bank levy regulation, starting in 2017, RBI AG is to make a one-off payment – spread over a four-year period – which was to be fully booked in the first quarter for the current year.

Net income from financial investments declined € 211 million due mainly to the valuation of government bonds. This was largely offset by a € 182 million improvement in net income from derivatives (hedging of the government bonds with interest rate swaps).

In the same period of the previous year, net income from the disposal of Group assets was minus € 8 million; in the reporting period it was zero.

Tax income of € 37 million was posted in the reporting period, compared to € 14 million in the previous year.

Interim consolidated financial statements

(Interim report as at 30 June 2017)

RZB AG was merged into RBI AG based on the resolutions passed by the extraordinary General Meetings of RZB AG and RBI AG on 23 January 2017 and 24 January 2017, respectively. RZB AG's results and that of its fully consolidated subsidiaries have been included in the consolidated financial statements for the 2017 financial year as from 1 January. Details on the merger are provided in the consolidated group section of the notes. The reporting date of 31 December 2016 and the results for the 2016 financial year correspond to the results published by RBI prior to the merger since the management has decided not to show the transaction retroactively.

Statement of comprehensive income

Income statement

in € million Notes 1/1-30/6/2017 1/1-30/6/2016 Change
Interest income 2,164 2,051 5.5%
Current income from associates 35 0
Interest expenses (611) (595) 2.6%
Net interest income [2] 1,588 1,455 9.1%
Net provisioning for impairment losses [3] (76) (403) (81.0)%
Net interest income after provisioning 1,512 1,052 43.7%
Fee and commission income 1,192 937 27.3%
Fee and commission expense (350) (217) 61.1%
Net fee and commission income [4] 842 719 17.0%
Net trading income [5] 133 84 57.5%
Net income from derivatives and liabilities [6] 26 (62)
Net income from financial investments [7] (58) 171
General administrative expenses [8] (1,573) (1,412) 11.4%
Other net operating income [9] (32) (101) (68.0)%
Net income from disposal of group assets [10] 0 (2)
Profit/loss before tax 849 450 88.5%
Income taxes [11] (193) (182) 5.7%
Profit/loss after tax 656 268 145.0%
Profit attributable to non-controlling interests (68) (58) 18.9%
Consolidated profit/loss 587 210 179.6%

Earnings per share

in € 1/1-30/6/2017 1/1-30/6/2016 Change
Earnings per share 1.79 0.72 1.07

Earnings per share are obtained by dividing consolidated profit by the average number of ordinary shares outstanding. As at 30 June 2017, the average number of ordinary shares outstanding was 328.5 million (30 June 2016: 292.4 million). As there were no conversion rights or options outstanding, a dilution of earnings per share did not occur.

Other comprehensive income and total comprehensive income

Total Group equity Non-controlling interests
in € million 1/1-30/6
2017
1/1-30/6
2016
1/1-30/6
2017
1/1-30/6
2016
1/1-30/6
2017
1/1-30/6
2016
Profit/loss after tax 656 268 587 210 68 58
Items which are not reclassified to profit
and loss
(86) (3) (86) (3) 0 0
Remeasurements of defined benefit plans 2 (4) 2 (4) 0 0
Changes in equity of companies
valued at equity which are not
reclassified to profit and loss
(2) 0 (2) 0 0 0
Fair value changes of financial liabilities
at fair value through profit or loss
attributable to changes in their default risk
(86) 0 (86) 0 0 0
Deferred taxes on items which are not
reclassified to profit and loss
0 1 0 1 0 0
Items that may be reclassified
subsequently to profit or loss
(6) (11) (11) 2 5 (13)
Exchange differences 3 59 0 68 4 (9)
Capital hedge (4) (16) (4) (16) 0 0
Net gains (losses) on derivatives hedging
fluctuating cash flows
6 9 4 8 1 1
Changes in equity of companies valued
at equity
(9) 0 (9) 0 0 0
Net gains (losses) on financial assets
available-for-sale
1 (73) 2 (67) 0 (6)
Deferred taxes on income and expenses
directly recognized in equity
(3) 10 (3) 8 0 1
Other comprehensive income (93) (14) (97) (1) 5 (13)
Total comprehensive income 563 254 490 209 73 45

RBI has elected to adopt on an early basis the requirements of IFRS 9.7.1.2 regarding the presentation of gains and losses on financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss. IFRS 9 requires changes in the fair value of these designated liabilities caused by a change in the default risk of RBI to be booked in other comprehensive income whereas previously, under IAS 39, they were booked in the income statement. The amount booked directly in other comprehensive income for the first halfyear of 2017 was minus € 86 million.

Exchange rate effects since the start of the year were neutral overall. The Russian rouble depreciated 5 per cent with a negative effect of €94 million that was largely offset by the 4 per cent appreciation of the Polish zloty with a positive effect of €62million and the 3 per cent appreciation of the Czech koruna with a positive effect of € 30 million.

There was a negative result from position capital hedge of €4 million. The appreciation of the Polish zloty produced a negative effect of € 11 million, while the depreciation of the Russian rouble resulted in a positive effect of € 6 million.

Quarterly results

in € million Q3/2016 Q4/2016 Q1/2017 Q2/2017
Net interest income 732 748 796 792
Net provisioning for impairment losses (100) (251) (80) 4
Net interest income after provisioning 632 497 716 795
Net fee and commission income 378 400 409 433
Net trading income 52 78 64 69
Net income from derivatives and liabilities (71) (55) 8 18
Net income from financial investments (6) (13) (32) (26)
General administrative expenses (687) (749) (815) (758)
Other net operating income (6) (35) (22) (11)
Net income from disposal of group assets 4 17 0 0
Profit/loss before tax 296 140 330 519
Income taxes (84) (46) (75) (118)
Profit/loss after tax 212 94 255 401
Profit attributable to non-controlling interests (28) (25) (35) (34)
Consolidated profit/loss 184 69 220 367
in € million Q3/2015 Q4/2015 Q1/2016 Q2/2016
Net interest income 814 832 718 738
Net provisioning for impairment losses (191) (469) (106) (297)
Net interest income after provisioning 623 363 612 440
Net fee and commission income 384 390 347 372
Net trading income (14) 29 28 56
Net income from derivatives and liabilities 20 (15) (27) (34)
Net income from financial investments 7 0 26 145
General administrative expenses (713) (813) (718) (694)
Other net operating income (64) 15 (41) (61)
Net income from disposal of group assets 10 34 2 (3)
Profit/loss before tax 253 3 229 221
Income taxes (52) (83) (91) (91)
Profit/loss after tax 202 (81) 138 130
Profit attributable to non-controlling interests (16) (2) (24) (34)
Consolidated profit/loss 186 (83) 114 96

Statement of financial position

Assets
in € million
Notes 30/6/2017 31/12/2016 Change
Cash reserve [13] 18,492 12,242 51.1%
Loans and advances to banks [14, 42] 12,851 9,900 29.8%
Loans and advances to customers [15, 42] 81,101 70,514 15.0%
Impairment losses on loans and advances [16] (4,197) (4,955) (15.3)%
Trading assets [17, 42] 4,736 4,986 (5.0)%
Derivatives [18, 42] 1,099 1,429 (23.1)%
Financial investments [19, 42] 19,810 14,639 35.3%
Investments in associates [20, 42] 742 0
Intangible fixed assets [21] 665 598 11.1%
Tangible fixed assets [22] 1,782 1,393 27.9%
Other assets [23, 42] 1,521 1,117 36.2%
Total assets 138,603 111,864 23.9%
Equity and liabilities
in € million
Notes 30/6/2017 31/12/2016 Change
Deposits from banks [24, 42] 27,458 12,816 114.2%
Deposits from customers [25, 42] 81,595 71,538 14.1%
Debt securities issued [26, 42] 7,687 6,645 15.7%
Provisions for liabilities and charges [27, 42] 944 756 24.8%
Trading liabilities [28, 42] 4,716 5,120 (7.9)%
Derivatives [29, 42] 531 787 (32.5)%
Other liabilities [30, 42] 1,244 765 62.5%
Subordinated capital [31, 42] 4,194 4,204 (0.2)%
Equity [32] 10,234 9,232 10.8%
Consolidated equity 8,969 8,188 9.5%
Consolidated profit/loss 587 463 26.8%
Non-controlling interests 677 581 16.5%
Total equity and liabilities 138,603 111,864 23.9%
in € million Subscribed
capital
Capital
reserves
Retained
earnings
Consolidated
profit/loss
Non-controlling
interests
Total
Equity as at 1/1/2017 892 4,994 2,301 463 581 9,232
Merger effect 110 0 336 0 74 519
Equity as at 1/1/2017 1,002 4,994 2,637 463 655 9,752
Transferred to retained earnings 0 0 463 (463) 0 0
Dividend payments 0 0 0 0 (83) (83)
Total comprehensive income 0 0 (97) 587 73 563
Own shares/share incentive
program 0 (2) 2 0 0 0
Other changes 0 0 (30) 0 32 2
Equity as at 30/6/2017 1,002 4,992 2,975 587 677 10,234

Statement of changes in equity

In the course of the merger, RBI AG issued new shares in order to provide consideration to RZB AG's shareholders for their shares and increased subscribed capital by € 110 million. The remaining effects of the merger are recognized in retained earnings and non-controlling interests. The increase in non-controlling interests was mainly attributable to minority interests in the Valida subgroup and the Raiffeisen Bausparkasse subgroup. The total impact of the merger on equity amounted to € 519 million. Details on the merger are provided in the consolidated group section of the notes.

in € million Subscribed
capital
Capital
reserves
Retained
earnings
Consolidated
profit/loss
Non-controlling
interests
Total
Equity as at 1/1/2016 892 4,994 1,702 379 535 8,501
Capital increases/decreases 0 0 0 0 0 0
Transferred to retained earnings 0 0 379 (379) 0 0
Dividend payments 0 0 0 0 (40) (40)
Total comprehensive income 0 0 (1) 210 45 254
Own shares/share incentive program 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other changes 0 0 8 0 2 10
Equity as at 30/6/2016 892 4,994 2,088 210 541 8,725

Statement of cash flows

in € million Notes 1/1-30/6/2017 1/1-30/6/2016
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of previous period1 [12, 13] 12,242 13,483
Merger effect 4,596 0
Cash and cash equivalents from disposal of subsidiaries 0 (152)
Net cash from operating activities 1,055 (3,614)
Net cash from investing activities 572 (280)
Net cash from financing activities (30) (122)
Effect of exchange rate changes 56 109
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of period [12, 13] 18,492 9,424

1 The previous year figures of cash and cash equivalents differ from the item cash reserve on the statement of financial position due to IFRS 5 presentation of Raiffeisen Banka d.d., Maribor, and ZUNO BANK AG, Vienna.

Segment reporting

As a rule, internal management reporting at RBI is based on the current organizational structure. This matrix structure means that each member of the Management Board is responsible both for individual countries and for specific business activities (country and functional responsibility model). A cash generating unit within the Group is a country. The presentation of the countries includes not only subsidiary banks, but all operating units of RBI in the respective countries (such as leasing companies). Accordingly, the RBI management bodies – Management Board and Supervisory Board – make key decisions that determine the resources allocated to any given segment based on its financial strength and profitability, which is why these reporting criteria are an essential component in the decision-making process. Thus, the division into segments was also undertaken in accordance with IFRS 8. The reconciliation contains mainly the amounts resulting from the elimination of intra-group results and consolidation between the segments.

There is a change in the segmentation due to the merger of RBI and RZB. The previous RBI segments – Central Europe, Southeastern Europe, Eastern Europe and Corporate Center – have been expanded to include the RZB areas. The Group Corporates & Markets segment has been introduced for operating business booked in Austria. This primarily comprises financing business with Austrian and international corporate customers serviced from Vienna, Group Markets, Financial Institutions & Sovereigns, and business with the institutions of the Austrian Raiffeisen Banking Group (RBG). Also included in the segment are specialized financial institution subsidiaries such as Raiffeisen Centrobank, Kathrein Privatbank, Raiffeisen Leasing, Raiffeisen Factorbank, Raiffeisen Bausparkasse, and Raiffeisen Capital Management.

Separately to the above, the Non-Core segment was dissolved in the first quarter of 2017 due to the conclusion of the transformation program, with the remaining business allocated to the regional segments. In contrast to the provisions of IFRS 8.29, an adjustment of the previous year figures was not made. The result of this segment is largely due to losses from the reduction of business volumes and therefore a comparison would not be given.

This results in the following segments:

  • Central Europe: Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia
  • Southeastern Europe: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Kosovo, Romania and Serbia
  • Eastern Europe: Belarus, Russia and Ukraine
  • Group Corporates & Markets: corporate customer business operated from Vienna with Austrian and multinational customers, Group Markets, Financial Institutions & Sovereigns, RBG and specialized financial institution subsidiaries
  • Corporate Center: central control functions at RBI AG (e.g. Treasury), RBI AG's equity participations, i.e. other Group units and minority interests (including UNIQA Insurance Group AG and LEIPNIK-LUNDENBURGER INVEST Beteiligungs AG)

These changes resulted in a shift from a mixed system to an exclusively regional segmentation since all of the operating business booked in each region is now consolidated into one segment. These changes took effect in the first quarter of 2017.

The presentation of the comparable period of the previous year is based on the former segmentation.

1/1-30/6/2017
in € million
Central
Europe
Southeastern
Europe
Eastern
Europe
Group Corporates
& Markets
Net interest income 471 364 474 268
Net fee and commission income 275 192 226 160
Net trading income 31 19 54 81
Recurring other net operating income (9) 15 (6) 49
Operating income 768 590 748 559
General administrative expenses (462) (343) (302) (337)
Operating result 306 247 446 221
Net provisioning for impairment losses 8 (66) 25 (39)
Other results (40) 25 3 7
Profit/loss before tax 274 206 474 189
Income taxes (41) (32) (100) (38)
Profit/loss after tax 234 174 374 151
Profit attributable to non-controlling interests (29) 0 (34) 1
Profit/loss after deduction of non-controlling interests 204 174 340 152
Return on equity before tax 20.9% 19.2% 53.5% 13.1%
Return on equity after tax 17.8% 16.2% 42.3% 10.5%
Net interest margin (average interest-bearing assets) 2.23% 3.38% 6.49% 1.41%
Cost/income ratio 60.2% 58.1% 40.4% 60.4%
Loan/deposit ratio 87.1% 71.7% 81.6% 112.8%
Provisioning ratio (average loans and advances to
customers)
(0.06)% 0.98% (0.46)% 0.29%
NPL ratio 5.6% 10.2% 11.7% 5.8%
NPL coverage ratio 63.9% 76.7% 83.0% 63.2%
Assets 46,338 22,770 15,558 44,434
Liabilities 41,897 19,823 13,153 44,547
Risk-weighted assets (total RWA) 22,046 14,070 11,368 19,961
Average equity 2,622 2,152 1,772 2,880
Loans and advances to customers 30,711 13,594 10,331 27,088
Deposits from customers 33,992 17,479 11,329 21,479
Business outlets 634 995 771 25
Employees as at reporting date (full-time equivalents) 13,264 14,830 17,767 2,675
Customers in million 3.4 5.4 5.7 2.0
1/1-30/6/2017
in € million
Corporate
Center
Reconciliation Total
Net interest income 742 (732) 1,588
Net fee and commission income (7) (4) 842
Net trading income (43) (10) 133
Recurring other net operating income 41 (57) 34
Operating income 733 (802) 2,597
General administrative expenses (184) 57 (1,573)
Operating result 549 (745) 1,024
Net provisioning for impairment losses 0 (5) (76)
Other results (134) 41 (99)
Profit/loss before tax 414 (709) 849
Income taxes 37 (19) (193)
Profit/loss after tax 451 (728) 656
Profit attributable to non-controlling interests 0 (6) (68)
Profit/loss after deduction of non-controlling interests 451 (734) 587
Return on equity before tax 36.0% 17.4%
Return on equity after tax 39.2% 13.4%
Net interest margin (average interest-bearing assets) 2.46%
Cost/income ratio 60.6%
Loan/deposit ratio 91.7%
Provisioning ratio (average loans and advances to customers) 0.19%
NPL ratio 7.3%
NPL coverage ratio 70.5%
Assets 41,719 (32,217) 138,603
Liabilities 26,186 (17,237) 128,369
Risk-weighted assets (total RWA) 14,174 (12,599) 69,021
Average equity 2,303 (1,950) 9,778
Loans and advances to customers 1,405 (2,028) 81,101
Deposits from customers 525 (3,209) 81,595
Business outlets 2,425
Employees as at reporting date (full-time equivalents) 1,152 49,688
Customers in million 16.5
1/1-30/6/2016
in € million
Central
Europe
Southeastern
Europe
Eastern
Europe
Group
Corporates
Group
Markets
Net interest income 323 372 418 150 29
Net fee and commission income 188 189 179 29 57
Net trading income 13 30 34 4 55
Recurring other net operating income 2 3 (4) 1 5
Operating income 525 594 627 184 145
General administrative expenses (314) (334) (235) (75) (104)
Operating result 211 260 392 109 41
Net provisioning for impairment losses (33) (72) (79) (62) 5
Other results 34 (3) 12 0 15
Profit/loss before tax 212 186 324 47 61
Income taxes (40) (28) (67) (11) (15)
Profit/loss after tax 172 157 257 36 46
Profit attributable to non-controlling interests (36) 0 (22) (1) 0
Profit/loss after deduction of non-controlling interests 136 157 234 35 46
Return on equity before tax 24.0% 19.9% 40.1% 8.4% 21.9%
Net interest margin (average interest-bearing assets) 2.43% 3.61% 6.57% 2.13% 0.54%
Cost/income ratio 59.7% 56.1% 37.5% 40.8% 71.9%
Provisioning ratio (average loans and advances to
customers)
0.34% 1.09% 1.59% 0.89% (0.40)%
NPL ratio 7.1% 11.3% 17.4% 6.3% 1.4%
NPL coverage ratio 69.2% 72.9% 84.0% 47.2% 62.8%
Assets 28,055 21,777 14,397 14,602 15,185
Liabilities 25,645 18,774 12,344 11,170 17,085
Risk-weighted assets (total RWA) 13,241 14,210 11,315 8,352 3,490
Average equity 1,765 1,865 1,616 1,122 554
Loans and advances to customers 19,277 13,265 10,048 14,318 2,741
Deposits from customers 20,635 16,005 10,366 10,682 2,780
Business outlets 407 1,054 847 1 5
1/1-30/6/2016
in € million
Corporate
Center
Non-Core Reconciliation Total
Net interest income 251 163 (251) 1,455
Net fee and commission income 9 81 (11) 719
Net trading income (19) 2 (34) 84
Recurring other net operating income 55 0 (37) 25
Operating income 296 247 (334) 2,284
General administrative expenses (178) (209) 37 (1,412)
Operating result 117 37 (297) 871
Net provisioning for impairment losses (10) (149) (3) (403)
Other results (86) 9 1 (18)
Profit/loss before tax 21 (103) (298) 450
Income taxes 7 (29) 2 (182)
Profit/loss after tax 28 (131) (297) 268
Profit attributable to non-controlling interests (2) 0 4 (58)
Profit/loss after deduction of non-controlling interests 26 (131) (293) 210
Return on equity before tax 3.4% 10.6%
Net interest margin (average interest-bearing assets) 2.00% 2.76%
Cost/income ratio 60.4% 84.9% 61.8%
Provisioning ratio (average loans and advances to
customers)
2.59% 1.11%
NPL ratio 15.3% 10.4%
NPL coverage ratio 71.3% 72.1%
Assets 22,797 16,484 (19,328) 113,969
Liabilities 18,402 14,595 (12,770) 105,244
Risk-weighted assets (total RWA) 14,397 9,672 (12,954) 61,722
Average equity 2,005 1,450 (1,863) 8,514
Loans and advances to customers 2,572 11,013 (2,410) 70,825
Deposits from customers 464 9,109 (1,101) 68,941
Business outlets 327 2,641

Notes

Company

RBI is a universal bank focusing on corporate and retail customers in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) and exclusively on corporate customers in Austria. In CEE, RBI maintains a closely-knit network of subsidiary banks, leasing companies and numerous specialized financial service providers with around 2,400 outlets. In Austria, RBI specializes in corporate banking and investment banking business. It is the corporate finance bank in Austria and provides service to the country's top 1,000 companies. In addition, numerous major international and multinational clients and finance companies trust in its extensive range of services.

The interim report as at 30 June 2017 has been reviewed by the auditor KPMG Austria GmbH Wirtschaftsprüfungs- und Steuerberatungsgesellschaft.

Merger with RZB

On 23 and 24 January, RZB AG and RBI AG held Extraordinary General Meetings to pass resolutions on the merger (downstream) of RZB AG into RBI AG. The required majorities were achieved by a wide margin at both meetings. The merger was entered in the commercial register on 18 March 2017. In order to provide consideration to RZB AG's shareholders for the transferred corporate assets, RBI AG issued new shares and thereby increased its total number of shares from 292,979,038 to 328,939,621.

The merger represents a transaction under common control for which the provisions of IFRS 3 are not applicable (IFRS 3.2. (c)). As the transaction under common control is not regulated under IFRS, the management has selected the continuation of carrying amount method as the accounting method for this type of transaction, in accordance with IAS 8.10. This means that all assets and liabilities of RZB AG were taken over at their carrying amount, taking consolidation effects into account, and all differences between the consideration transferred as a result of the issue of new shares and the carrying amount of the net assets acquired were recognized in equity.

The integration was completed on 24 January 2017 by resolution of the Extraordinary General Meetings. The management has decided not to show the intra-group transactions retroactively. As a result, the comparable period was not adjusted. The statement of financial position as of 31 December 2016 and the results of the 2016 fiscal year including the notes to the financial statements correspond to RBI's published results prior to the merger. For reasons of materiality, the effects of the merger were reflected as of 1 January 2017.

Principles underlying the consolidated financial statements

Principles of preparation

The condensed interim consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) published by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and the international accounting standards adopted by the EU on the basis of IAS Regulation (EC) 1606/2002 including the applicable interpretations of the International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee (IFRIC/SIC). The condensed consolidated interim financial statements as at 30 June 2017 are prepared in accordance with IAS 34.

Some IFRS explanatory notes which are included outside the interim consolidated financial statements are an integral part of the interim consolidated financial statements. These are mainly explanations on net income from segments, which are included in the notes on segment reporting. In addition to the disclosures pursuant to IFRS 7 which are included in the notes, the risk report section in particular contains detailed information on credit risk, concentration risk, market risk and liquidity risk. This information is presented in accordance with IAS 34, IFRS 8 "Operating Segments" and IFRS 7 "Financial Instruments Disclosures".

The same recognition and measurement principles and consolidation methods were fundamentally applied in the interim reporting as those used in preparing the consolidated financial statements 2016 (see Annual Report 2016, page 211 ff). With regard to the earlier application of IFRS 9.7.1.2, please refer to the chapter "Application of new and revised standards". Standards and interpretations to be applied in the EU from 1 January 2017 onward were accounted for in this interim report.

Critical accounting judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty

If estimates or assessments are necessary for accounting and measuring under IAS/IFRS rules, they are made in accordance with the respective standards. They are based on past experience and other factors, such as planning and expectations or forecasts of future events that appear likely from the current perspective.

This primarily affects impairment losses in the credit business, the fair value and the impairment of financial instruments, deferred taxes, provisions for pensions and pension-related liabilities, and calculations used to determine the recoverability of goodwill and the intangible asset values capitalized in the course of the initial consolidation. The actual values may deviate from the estimated figures.

Application of new and revised standards

The IASB published the final version of IFRS 9 in the course of completion of the various phases on 24 July 2014 and it was ultimately incorporated into EU law through the EU Commission's adoption of Regulation (EU) No. 2016/2067 of 22 November 2016. With regard to measurement as financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss, IFRS 9 allows the option of early adoption for recognizing fair value changes arising from changes in the credit risk of the reporting entity in other comprehensive income.

RBI has elected to adopt on an early basis the requirements of IFRS 9.7.1.2 regarding the presentation of gains and losses on financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss. IFRS 9 requires changes in the fair value of these designated liabilities caused by a change in the default risk of RBI to be booked in other comprehensive income whereas previously, under IAS 39, they were booked in the income statement.

The liabilities are designated at fair value to avoid an accounting mismatch due to holding assets designated at fair value with a similar interest rate risk profile. The credit risk of RBI is however not reflected on the asset side and hence posting the changes in the fair value of the liabilities due to a change in the default risk of RBI in other comprehensive income reduces the accounting mismatch in the income statement. In order to fulfil the disclosure requirements the difference between the actual fair value of the liability – a hypothetical swap (which reflects the original credit curve) – and the cash payment amount was calculated.

The amount booked directly in other comprehensive income for the first half-year 2017 was minus € 86 million. The cumulative change in fair value attributable to the change in own default risk was minus € 14 million and is included in retained earnings. The difference between the current fair value of these designated liabilities and the amounts contractually required to be paid at maturity was € 546 million. There have been no significant transfers within equity or derecognition of liabilities designated at fair value in the reporting period.

A number of new or revised standards became applicable for the first time for the period under review. The first-time application of the new and revised IFRS standards had no material impact on the interim consolidated financial statements as the amendments were only applicable to a limited extent.

Standards and interpretations not yet applicable

IFRS 9 (Financial Instruments; entry into force 1 January 2018)

IFRS 9 contains requirements for the classification, measurement, derecognition of and accounting for hedging relationships. Key requirements of IFRS 9 are:

According to IFRS 9, all financial assets must be measured at amortized cost or fair value. Debt investments that are held within a business model whose objective is to collect the contractual cash flows, and that have contractual cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal outstanding are measured at amortized cost at the end of subsequent accounting periods. All other instruments must be measured at fair value through profit or loss.

IFRS 9 also includes an irrevocable option to recognize subsequent changes in the fair value of an equity instrument (not held for trading purposes) in other comprehensive income and to recognize only dividend income in the income statement.

In accordance with IFRS 9, the rules for impairment are applicacble for financial asstes measured at amortized cost or at fair value through other comprehensive income. In accordance with IFRS 9, the impairment rules are also applicable to loan commitments and financial guarantees off the statement of financial position. The model for the risk assessment changes from a historic-oriented model in accordance with IAS 39 (losses incurred) to a future-oriented model in accordance with IFRS 9 (expected losses).

For subsequent measurement of financial assets measured at amortized cost, IFRS 9 provides for three stages which determine the future amount of losses to be recognized and the recognition of interest. The first stage requires that at the time of initial recognition, expected losses must be shown in the amount of the present value of an expected twelve-month loss. If there is a significant increase in the default risk, the risk provision must be increased up to the amount of the expected full lifetime loss (stage 2).

When there is an objective indication of an impairment, the interest in stage 3 must be recognized on the basis of the net carrying amount.

It is expected that overall, IFRS 9 will increase the level of risk provisions. This estimate is based on the requirement to recognize a risk provision in the amount of the expected loan defaults for the first twelve months even for those instruments where the credit risk has not increased significantly since initial recognition. Moreover, it is based on the estimate that the volume of assets for which the "lifetime expected loss" is applied is probably larger than the volume of assets where loss events pursuant to IAS 39 have already occurred. In addition to transitional provisions, IFRS 9 also includes extensive disclosure requirements both during transition and during ongoing application. New provisions relate in particular to impairment. The mandatory date of the initial application of IFRS 9 will be 1 January 2018.

RBI is implementing a centrally managed IFRS 9 program ("IFRS 9 Implementation") which is sponsored by the Group's Chief Financial Officer and Chief Risk Officer and for which experts provide support in matters relating to methodology, data acquisition and modelling, IT processes and accounting. Overall steering is the responsibility of an IFRS 9 steering committee ("Steering Committee IFRS9 Business Policy & Group Implementation"), whose members include Finance and Risk employees together with the board members with relevant responsibility. Policies and training on IFRS 9 are being provided across all Group units and Group functions as part of the IFRS 9 program in order to prepare for IFRS 9's entry into force for the Group as of 1 January 2018. During the 2016 financial year, RBI also further developed the relevant technical concepts and associated implementation guidelines. As part of the project, steps were commenced to conduct Group-wide iterative impact analyses with regard to classification and measurement ("SPPI test" and "benchmark test") and impairment of financial instruments. In 2017 the focus of the centrally managed IFRS 9 program has shifted to the implementation of the necessary changes due to the implementation of IFRS 9. These changes affect not only central and local IT systems and their applications, but also processes, internal workflows, and internal policies. In view of the ongoing fine tuning of market practices ("best practice"), the continued evaluations of the methods used, as well as ongoing calibrations a reliable quantification of the first-time application effects cannot be provided. Ongoing analysis leads RBI to believe that the overall effect due to the first time application of IFRS 9 is below the market average published by EBA.

RBI also assumes that IFRS 9 will have consequences for the classification and measurement of financial instruments. Following a detailed analysis, it was established with regard to classification and measurement that for certain contractual cash flows of financial assets an insignificant part of the portfolio will have to be re-measured at fair value through profit or loss.

IFRS 9 grants accounting options for hedge accounting. RBI plans to continue to apply the provisions on hedge accounting pursuant to IAS 39 while, however, taking into account the changes in the disclosures in the notes pursuant to IFRS 7. In addition, RBI will adapt the structure of the consolidated financial statements due to the first-time application of IFRS 9 and resulting changes to IFRS 7 to match the disclosure layout of EBA (FINREP).

IFRS 15 (Revenue from contracts with customers; entry into force 1 January 2018)

For all contracts with customers, the accounting standard specifies how and when income is recognized, based on a five-step model, but does not have any consequences for the recognition of income arising in connection with financial instruments within the scope of IFRS 9. IFRS 15 replaces several other IFRS standards such as IAS 18 (Revenue), IAS 11 (Construction Contracts) and interpretations, which determine the timing of recognition under IFRS. The standard also requires entities to provide users of financial statements with more informative, relevant disclosures in the notes. RBI is currently analyzing the consequences of IFRS 15. In the Official Journal published on the 29 October 2016, the European Union published Regulation (EC) No 1126/2008 from the 22 September 2016 which amends Regulation (EC) No 1126/2008, thereby adopting IFRS 15 Revenue from contracts with customers.

IFRS 16 (Leases; entry into force 1 January 2019)

For lessees, the new standard establishes an accounting model which does not distinguish between financial leasing and operating leasing. In future, most lease agreements will have to be recognized in the statement of financial position. The standard requires lessees to recognize assets and liabilities in the statement of financial position for all leases of more than 12 months, unless the underlying asset has a low value. The lessee recognizes an asset which represents its right to use the underlying asset. It also recognizes a lease liability which represents its liability to effect the lease payments. For lessors, the rules under IAS 17 (Leases) remain largely valid, meaning that in future it will still also be necessary to distinguish between financial and operating leasing with corresponding different accounting consequences. In addition, the standard also requires entities to provide users of financial statements with more informative, relevant disclosures in the notes.

The consequences for the Group are still being analyzed. The standard still has to be adopted into European law by the EU.

Currencies

2017 2016
As at Average As at Average
Rates in units per € 30/6 1/1-30/6 31/12 1/1-30/6
Albanian lek (ALL) 132.370 134.904 135.400 138.097
Belarusian rouble (BYN) 2.212 2.065 2.068 2.233
Bosnian marka (BAM) 1.956 1.956 1.956 1.955
Bulgarian lev (BGN) 1.956 1.956 1.956 1.956
Croatian kuna (HRK) 7.410 7.459 7.560 7.568
Czech koruna (CZK) 26.197 26.805 27.021 27.050
Hungarian forint (HUF) 308.970 309.270 309.830 313.827
Kazakh tenge (KZT)1 - - 352.622 381.334
Polish zloty (PLN) 4.226 4.271 4.410 4.362
Romanian leu (RON) 4.552 4.538 4.539 4.503
Russian rouble (RUB) 67.545 63.451 64.300 77.250
Serbian dinar (RSD) 120.410 122.980 123.410 122.839
Singapore dollar (SGD) 1.571 1.524 1.523 1.532
Swiss franc (CHF) 1.093 1.077 1.074 1.096
Ukrainian hryvnia (UAH) 29.717 29.083 28.599 28.204
US-Dollar (USD) 1.141 1.088 1.054 1.111

1 Due to deconsolidation the Kazakh tenge was no longer in use in the 2017 financial year.

Consolidated group

Fully consolidated Equity method
Number of units 30/6/2017 31/12/2016 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
As at beginning of period 106 120 0 0
Included in the course of merger 175 0 9 0
Included for the first time in the financial period 2 3 0 0
Merged in the financial period 0 (1) 0 0
Excluded in the financial period (42) (16) 0 0
As at end of period 241 106 9 0

RZB AG was incorporated into RBI AG in the reporting year. Details are provided in the merger section below.

The entities included for the first time are active in the leasing business. 40 entities were excluded due to immateriality; two others were sold.

Merger

The following entities were added to the consolidated financial statements in the reporting year as a result of incorporating RZB AG into RBI AG:

Number of units Fully consolidated Equity method
Banks 7 6
Financial institutions 123 0
Companies rendering bank-related ancillary services 3 1
Financial holding companies 4 0
Other 38 2
Total 175 9

The entities included in the course of the merger of RZB AG into RBI AG are specialized financial institution subsidiaries. The main units are Raiffeisen Leasing, Raiffeisen Factorbank, Raiffeisen Bausparkasse and Raiffeisen Capital Management. Minority interests valued at equity include mainly UNIQA Insurance Group AG and LEIPNIK-LUNDENBURGER INVEST Beteiligungs AG.

The merger of RZB AG into RBI AG affected the consolidated statement of financial position as at 1 January 2017 as shown below:

Assets
in € million 31/12/2016 Change 1/1/2017
Cash reserve 12,242 4,596 16,839
Loans and advances to banks 9,900 1,081 10,981
Loans and advances to customers 70,514 9,255 79,769
Impairment losses on loans and advances (4,955) (290) (5,245)
Trading assets 4,986 (42) 4,944
Derivatives 1,429 (168) 1,261
Financial investments 14,639 6,791 21,430
Investments in associates 0 775 775
Intangible fixed assets 598 78 677
Tangible fixed assets 1,393 449 1,843
Other assets 1,117 414 1,531
Total assets 111,864 22,941 134,804
Equity and liabilities
in € million
31/12/2016 Change 1/1/2017
Deposits from banks 12,816 11,243 24,060
Deposits from customers 71,538 8,787 80,325
Debt securities issued 6,645 1,882 8,527
Provisions for liabilities and charges 756 279 1,036
Trading liabilities 5,120 (52) 5,068
Derivatives 787 (7) 779
Other liabilities 765 255 1,020
Subordinated capital 4,204 34 4,238
Equity 9,232 519 9,752
Consolidated equity 8,188 445 8,633
Consolidated profit/loss 463 0 463
Non-controlling interests 581 74 655
Total equity and liabilities 111,864 22,941 134,804

Notes to the income statement

(1) Income statement according to measurement categories

in € million 1/1-30/6/2017 1/1-30/6/2016
Net income from financial assets and liabilities held-for-trading 77 195
Net income from financial assets and liabilities at fair value through profit or
loss
74 44
Net income from financial assets available-for-sale 33 165
Net income from loans and advances 1,803 1,343
Net income from financial assets held-to-maturity 74 77
Net income from financial liabilities measured at acquisition cost (594) (595)
Net income from derivatives (hedging) 93 77
Net revaluations from exchange differences 25 (59)
Sundry operating income and expenses (736) (796)
Profit/loss before tax 849 450

(2) Net interest income

in € million 1/1-30/6/2017 1/1-30/6/2016
Interest and interest-like income, total 2,164 2,051
Interest income 2,156 2,024
from balances at central banks 6 12
from loans and advances to banks 119 74
from loans and advances to customers 1,710 1,578
from financial investments 173 137
from leasing claims 59 79
from derivative financial instruments - economic hedge 0 66
from derivative financial instruments - hedge accounting 89 78
Current income 23 24
from shares in affiliated companies 10 20
from other interests 13 3
Interest-like income 7 8
Negative interest from financial assets (22) (5)
Current income from associates 35 0
Interest expenses and interest-like expenses, total (611) (595)
Interest expenses (610) (583)
on deposits from central banks (9) (10)
on deposits from banks (98) (93)
on deposits from customers (301) (321)
on debt securities issued (106) (76)
on subordinated capital (79) (83)
on derivative financial instruments - economic hedge (17) 0
Interest-like expenses (17) (19)
Negative interest from financial liabilities 16 6
Total 1,588 1,455

Current income from associates results from the associates that were incorporated in the course of the merger of RZB AG into RBI AG, mainly from LEIPNIK-LUNDENBURGER INVEST Beteiligungs AG, Vienna, UNIQA Insurance Group AG, Vienna, and Raiffeisen Informatik GmbH, Vienna. There were no investments in associates in the comparable period. Note (20) Investments in associates contains the full list of associates.

(3) Net provisioning for impairment losses

in € million 1/1-30/6/2017 1/1-30/6/2016
Individual loan loss provisions (105) (432)
Allocation to provisions for impairment losses (510) (877)
Release of provisions for impairment losses 410 434
Direct write-downs (49) (37)
Income received on written-down claims 44 49
Portfolio-based loan loss provisions 11 27
Allocation to provisions for impairment losses (124) (116)
Release of provisions for impairment losses 136 143
Gains from loan termination or sale 17 2
Total (76) (403)

(4) Net fee and commission income

in € million 1/1-30/6/2017 1/1-30/6/2016
Payment transfer business 354 307
Loan and guarantee business 79 86
Securities business 74 65
Foreign currency, notes/coins, and precious metals business 190 187
Management of investment and pension funds 86 19
Sale of own and third party products 34 31
Other banking services 25 26
Total 842 719

(5) Net trading income

in € million 1/1-30/6/2017 1/1-30/6/2016
Interest-based transactions 46 66
Currency-based transactions 71 49
Equity-/index-based transactions 14 (25)
Credit derivatives business (3) (2)
Other transactions 5 (4)
Total 133 84

The refinancing expenses for trading assets that are included in net trading income amounted to € 13 million (comparable period: €14 million).

(6) Income from derivatives and liabilities

in € million 1/1-30/6/2017 1/1-30/6/2016
Net income from hedge accounting 4 (2)
Net income from other derivatives (14) (14)
Net income from liabilities designated at fair value 36 (46)
Total 26 (62)

Net income from other derivatives includes valuation results from derivatives, which are held to hedge against market risks (except trading assets/liabilities). They are based on a non-homogeneous portfolio and do not satisfy the requirements for hedge accounting according to IAS 39.

RBI has elected to adopt on an early basis the requirements of IFRS 9.7.1.2 regarding the presentation of gains and losses on financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss. IFRS 9 requires changes in the fair value of these designated liabilities caused by a change in the default risk of RBI to be booked in other comprehensive income whereas previously, under IAS 39, they were booked in the income statement. Therefore, minus € 86 million is recognized in other comprehensive income for changes in liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss arising from changes in the default risk of RBI from the first quarter 2017 on. The net income of € 36 million is purely from changes in market interest rates. The previous period contains a loss from changes in own credit risk of minus € 14 million as well as a loss from changes in market interest rates of minus € 32 million.

(7) Net income from financial investments

in € million 1/1-30/6/2017 1/1-30/6/2016
Net income from securities held-to-maturity 6 13
Net proceeds from sales of securities 6 13
Net income from equity participations 0 140
Net valuations of equity participations (1) (3)
Net proceeds from sales of equity participations 1 143
Net income from securities at fair value through profit and loss (68) 18
Net valuations of securities (66) 14
Net proceeds from sales of securities (2) 4
Net income from available-for-sale securities 4 1
Total (58) 171

Net proceeds from sales of equity participations dropped € 142 million, primarily because the previous year's period included the sale of shares in Visa Europe Ltd. to Visa Inc. Net valuations of securities at fair value through profit and loss fell € 80 million largely as a result of valuation losses on government bonds.

(8) General administrative expenses

in € million 1/1-30/6/2017 1/1-30/6/2016
Staff expenses (780) (701)
Other administrative expenses (636) (569)
hereof operating other administrative expenses (523) (467)
hereof regulatory other administrative expenses (113) (103)
Depreciation of tangible and intangible fixed assets (158) (142)
Total (1,573) (1,412)

Regulatory other administrative expenses included levies of € 73 million (previous year's period: € 65 million) that had to be recognized in full at the beginning of the year according to IFRIC 21.

Staff expenses

in € million 1/1-30/6/2017 1/1-30/6/2016
Wages and salaries (598) (540)
Social security costs and staff-related taxes (143) (127)
Other voluntary social expenses (20) (19)
Sundry staff expenses (18) (15)
Total (780) (701)

Other administrative expenses

in € million 1/1-30/6/2017 1/1-30/6/2016
Office space expenses (118) (127)
IT expenses (148) (134)
Communication expenses (33) (34)
Legal, advisory and consulting expenses (51) (41)
Advertising, PR and promotional expenses (61) (41)
Office supplies (12) (11)
Car expenses (8) (8)
Security expenses (21) (17)
Traveling expenses (9) (7)
Training expenses for staff (7) (6)
Sundry administrative expenses (56) (41)
Operating other administrative expenses (523) (467)
Deposit insurance fees (49) (52)
Resolution fund (64) (51)
Regulatory other administrative expenses (113) (103)
Total (636) (569)

Depreciation of tangible and intangible fixed assets

in € million 1/1-30/6/2017 1/1-30/6/2016
Tangible fixed assets (69) (55)
Intangible fixed assets (73) (71)
Leased assets (operating lease) (15) (16)
Total (158) (142)

(9) Other net operating income

in € million 1/1-30/6/2017 1/1-30/6/2016
Net income arising from non-banking activities 20 16
Rental income from operating lease (vehicles and equipment) 17 15
Rental income from investment property incl. operating lease (real estate) 25 21
Net proceeds from disposal of tangible and intangible fixed assets (3) 2
Other taxes (32) (38)
Net expense from allocation and release of other provisions 4 (12)
Sundry operating income and expenses 3 20
Recurring other net operating income 34 25
Bank levies (88) (82)
Profit/loss from banking business due to governmental measures 21 (44)
Total (32) (101)

Provisions of € 22 million relating to the "Walkaway Law" in Romania were released in the reporting period and shown on the position Profit/loss from banking business due to governmental measures. Bank levies include levies of € 54 million (previous year's period: € 18 million) that had to be recognized in full at the beginning of the year according to IFRIC 21.

(10) Net income from disposal of group assets

In the reporting period, 40 subsidiaries were excluded from the consolidated group due to immateriality; two other subsidiaries were sold. Net income from disposal of group assets amounted to € 0 million (previous year's period: minus € 2 million).

(11) Income taxes

in € million 1/1-30/6/2017 1/1-30/6/2016
Current income taxes (139) (117)
Austria (19) (19)
Foreign (120) (98)
Deferred taxes (54) (66)
Total (193) (182)

Tax expenses were lower relative to the increased profit in the period under review largely because loss carryforwards were applied (used) in Hungary, Albania and Poland.

Notes to the statement of financial position

(12) Statement of financial position according to measurement categories

Assets according to measurement categories
in € million
30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Cash reserve 18,492 12,242
Trading assets 5,317 5,770
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 6,440 3,963
Investments in associates 742 0
Financial assets available-for-sale 5,740 4,117
Loans and advances 91,097 76,482
Financial assets held-to-maturity 7,630 6,559
Derivatives (hedging) 518 645
Other assets 2,626 2,085
Total assets 138,603 111,864

Positive fair values of derivatives not designated as hedging instruments according to IAS 39 hedge accounting are reported in the measurement category trading assets. The measurement category financial assets available-for-sale comprises other affiliated companies, other equity participations, and non fixed-interest and fixed-interest securities. Loans and advances are reported on a net basis after deduction of provisions for impairment losses.

Equity and liabilities according to measurement categories
in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Trading liabilities 4,966 5,481
Financial liabilities 119,451 93,185
Liabilities at fair value through profit and loss 2,728 2,784
Derivatives (hedging) 280 425
Provisions for liabilities and charges 944 756
Equity 10,234 9,232
Total equity and liabilities 138,603 111,864

Negative fair values of derivatives not designated as hedging instruments according to IAS 39 hedge accounting are reported in the measurement category trading liabilities.

(13) Cash reserve

in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Cash in hand 3,101 2,975
Balances at central banks 15,391 9,267
Total 18,492 12,242

(14) Loans and advances to banks

Loans and advances to banks classified regionally (counterparty's seat) are as follows:

in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Austria 3,528 2,264
Foreign 9,322 7,636
Total 12,851 9,900

(15) Loans and advances to customers

in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Credit business 44,637 44,077
Money market business 6,308 4,378
Mortgage loans 24,293 17,501
Purchased loans 2,248 2,223
Leasing claims 2,958 1,841
Claims evidenced by paper 656 493
Total 81,101 70,514
in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Sovereigns 758 659
Corporate customers – large corporates 44,192 41,676
Corporate customers – mid market 3,084 2,600
Retail customers – private individuals 30,676 23,393
Retail customers – small and medium-sized entities 2,392 2,185
Total 81,101 70,514

Loans and advances to customers classified regionally (counterparty's seat) are as follows:

in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Austria 12,234 5,109
Foreign 68,867 65,405
Total 81,101 70,514

(16) Impairment losses on loans and advances

in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Banks 12 50
Sovereigns 4 5
Corporate customers – large corporates 2,311 2,930
Corporate customers – mid market 173 216
Retail customers – private individuals 1,458 1,515
Retail customers – small and medium-sized entities 238 239
Total 4,197 4,955

Impairment losses on loans and advances declined as a direct result of derecognition of uncollectible loans and selling nonperforming loans.

(17) Trading assets

in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Bonds, notes and other fixed-interest securities 2,231 2,168
Shares and other variable-yield securities 203 165
Positive fair values of derivative financial instruments 2,302 2,654
Total 4,736 4,986

Pledged securities which the transferee is entitled to sell or repledge shown under trading assets amounted to €42 million (31/12/2016: € 64 million).

(18) Derivatives

in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Positive fair values of derivatives in fair value hedges (IAS 39) 509 642
Positive fair values of derivatives in cash flow hedges (IAS 39) 10 3
Positive fair values of other derivatives 581 784
Total 1,099 1,429

(19) Financial investments

in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Bonds, notes and other fixed-interest securities 19,231 14,353
Shares and other variable-yield securities 174 6
Equity participations 405 279
Total 19,810 14,639

Pledged securities which the transferee is entitled to sell or repledge shown under financial investments amounted to €2,093 million (31/12/2016: € 598 million).

(20) Investments in associates

in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Investments in associates 742 0

The investments in associates were added into RBI as a result of incorporating RZB AG into RBI AG. There were no investments in associates in the comparable period. The investments in associates compose as follows:

Company, domicile (country) Core business Share of voting rights
and equity 2017
Carrying amount
in € million
card complete Service Bank AG, Vienna (AT) Issue of credit cards and operating
giro, guarantee and credit business
25.0% 13
LEIPNIK-LUNDENBURGER INVEST
Beteiligungs AG, Vienna (AT)
Participation in entities of all kind and
industrial, trading and other entities
33.1% 195
NOTARTREUHANDBANK AG, Vienna (AT) Business from notarial trusteeships 26.0% 7
Österreichische Hotel- und Tourismusbank
Ges.m.b.H., Vienna (AT)
Financial service provider for tourist
enterprises and facilities
31.3% 10
Österreichische Kontrollbank AG, Vienna (AT) Specialized credit institution 8.1% 61
Prva stavebna sporitelna a.s., Bratislava (SK) Building society 32.5% 74
Raiffeisen Informatik GmbH, Vienna (AT) Services provider for data processing
as well as construction and operation
of data processing center
47.6% 41
UNIQA Insurance Group AG, Vienna (AT) Contract insurance and reinsurance 10.9% 341
Posojilnica Bank eGen, Klagenfurt (AT) Bank and audit association 59.0 % 0

(21) Intangible fixed assets

in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Software 538 531
Goodwill 95 40
Other intangible fixed assets 32 28
Total 665 598

(22) Tangible fixed assets

in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Land and buildings used by the Group for own purpose 609 481
Other land and buildings (investment property) 588 451
Office furniture, equipment and other tangible fixed assets 238 237
Leased assets (operating lease) 347 225
Total 1,782 1,393

(23) Other assets

in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Tax assets 287 211
Current tax assets 177 70
Deferred tax assets 110 142
Receivables arising from non-banking activities 96 58
Prepayments and other deferrals 140 129
Clearing claims from securities and payment transfer business 359 325
Lease in progress 17 41
Assets held for sale (IFRS 5) 48 29
Inventories 131 65
Valuation fair value hedge portfolio 30 38
Any other business 413 221
Total 1,521 1,117

(24) Deposits from banks

Deposits from banks classified regionally (counterparty's seat) break down as follows:

in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Austria 16,914 5,165
Foreign 10,545 7,652
Total 27,458 12,816

The increase in deposits from Austrian banks is mainly attributable to the merger of RZB AG into RBI AG. Most of the deposits are from the institutions of the Raiffeisen Banking Group.

(25) Deposits from customers

in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Sight deposits 46,561 44,461
Time deposits 23,866 23,345
Savings deposits 11,168 3,732
Total 81,595 71,538
in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Sovereigns 1,622 1,465
Corporate customers – large corporates 28,731 28,561
Corporate customers – mid market 2,965 2,984
Retail customers – private individuals 42,132 32,580
Retail customers – small and medium-sized entities 6,146 5,949
Total 81,595 71,538

Deposits from customers classified regionally (counterparty's seat) are as follows:

in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Austria 12,570 6,416
Foreign 69,025 65,122
Total 81,595 71,538

(26) Debt securities issued

in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Bonds and notes issued 7,670 6,604
Money market instruments issued 0 39
Other debt securities issued 17 2
Total 7,687 6,645

(27) Provisions for liabilities and charges

in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Severance payments and other 117 85
Retirement benefits 85 29
Taxes 136 130
Current 59 72
Deferred 78 57
Contingent liabilities and commitments 112 123
Pending legal issues 99 85
Overdue vacation 54 43
Bonus payments 124 147
Restructuring 16 14
Provisions for banking business due to governmental measures 1 15
Other 199 86
Total 944 756

Provisions for pending legal issues increased mainly because of contractual default interest that was reclassified from contingent liabilities and commitments to pending legal issues. No significant new litigation arose during the reporting period. The 2016 annual report contains details on significant pending litigation.

The decline in provisions for banking business due to governmental measures was mainly caused by releasing provisions related to the so-called "Walkaway Law" in Romania.

Other provisions include the provisions related to the resolution fund and bank levies.

(28) Trading liabilities

in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Negative fair values of derivative financial instruments 2,119 2,600
Interest-based transactions 1,317 1,835
Currency-based transactions 557 589
Equity-/index-based transactions 137 165
Credit derivatives business 4 1
Other transactions 104 11
Short-selling of trading assets 463 555
Certificates issued 2,133 1,964
Total 4,716 5,120

(29) Derivatives

in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Negative fair values of derivatives in fair value hedges (IAS 39) 84 133
Negative fair values of derivatives in cash flow hedges (IAS 39) 190 275
Negative fair values of derivatives in net investment hedge (IAS 39) 7 18
Negative fair values of other derivative financial instruments 251 362
Total 531 787

(30) Other liabilities

in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Liabilities from non-banking activities 113 73
Accruals and deferred items 285 195
Liabilities from dividends 6 1
Clearing claims from securities and payment transfer business 453 374
Valuation fair value hedge portfolio 34 58
Other liabilities 352 65
Total 1,244 765

(31) Subordinated capital

in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Hybrid tier 1 capital 397 397
Subordinated liabilities and supplementary capital 3,798 3,807
Total 4,194 4,204

(32) Equity

in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Consolidated equity 8,969 8,188
Subscribed capital 1,002 892
Capital reserves 4,992 4,994
Retained earnings 2,975 2,301
Consolidated profit/loss 587 463
Non-controlling interests 677 581
Total 10,234 9,232

As at 30 June 2017 subscribed capital of RBI AG as defined by the articles of incorporation amounted to € 1,003 million. After deduction of 394,942 own shares, the stated subscribed capital totaled € 1,002 million.

A total of 35,960,583 no-par-value shares were issued in the course of the merger. Subscribed capital increased € 110 million. The remaining effects of the merger are recognized in retained earnings and non-controlling interests. Further details are provided in the consolidated group section.

(33) Transferred assets

The following table shows the carrying amount of transferred assets:

30/6/2017 Transferred assets Associated liabilities
in € million Carrying
hereof
hereof repurchase
amount
securitizations
agreements
Carrying
amount
hereof
securitizations
hereof repurchase
agreements
Loans and advances 63 0 63 55 0 55
Trading assets 12 0 12 13 0 13
Financial investments 1,479 0 1,479 973 0 973
Total 1,555 0 1,555 1,041 0 1,041
31/12/2016 Transferred assets Associated liabilities
in € million Carrying
hereof
hereof repurchase
amount
securitizations
agreements
Carrying
amount
hereof
securitizations
hereof repurchase
agreements
Loans and advances 300 0 300 293 0 293
Trading assets 33 0 33 32 0 32
Financial investments 49 0 49 48 0 48
Total 382 0 382 372 0 372

(34) Assets pledged as collateral and received financial assets

Significant limitations regarding the access or use of Group assets:

30/6/2017 31/12/2016
in € million Pledged Otherwise restricted
with liabilities
Pledged Otherwise restricted
with liabilities
Loans and advances1 7,892 1,021 6,730 1,338
Trading assets2 42 28 64 29
Financial investments 2,217 222 679 386
Total 10,151 1,271 7,472 1,754

1 Without loans and advances from reverse repo and securities lending business

2 Without derivatives

The Group received collateral which it is permitted to sell or repledge as long as no default occurs in connection with reverse repo transactions, securities lending, derivative or other transactions.

The following table shows securities and other financial assets accepted as collateral:

in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Securities and other financial assets accepted as collateral which can be sold or
repledged
8,414 5,140
hereof which have been sold or repledged 750 418

(35) Offsetting of financial assets and liabilities

The disclosures set out in the tables below include financial assets and financial liabilities that are offset in the Group's statement of financial position, or are subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement or similar agreement that covers similar financial instruments, irrespective of whether they are offset in the statement of financial position or not.

30/6/2017 Gross amount Net amount Related amounts not set-off in
the statement of financial
position
Net
amount
in € million of recognized
assets set-off in
the statement of
financial position
of recognized
assets set-off in
the statement
of financial
position
Financial
instruments
Cash collateral
received
Derivatives (legally enforceable) 4,010 692 3,318 2,493 39 787
Reverse repurchase, securities
lending & similar agreements
(legally enforceable)
7,107 0 7,107 6,506 0 601
Other financial instruments
(legally enforceable)
114 0 114 0 0 114
Total 11,231 692 10,539 8,999 39 1,501
30/6/2017
Gross amount
Net amount Related amounts not set-off in
the statement of financial
position
Net
amount
in € million of recognized
liabilities set-off in
the statement of
financial position
of recognized
assets set-off in
the statement of
financial position
of recognized
liabilities set
off in the
statement of
financial
position
Financial
instruments
Cash collateral
pledged
Derivatives (legally enforceable) 3,253 692 2,560 1,145 38 1,377
Repurchase, securities lending &
similar agreements (legally
enforceable)
1,173 0 1,173 1,163 0 10
Other financial instruments
(legally enforceable)
10 0 10 0 0 10
Total 4,435 692 3,743 2,307 38 1,397
31/12/2016 Gross amount Net amount Related amounts not set-off in
the statement of financial
position
Net
amount
in € million of recognized
assets set-off in
the statement of
financial position
of recognized
liabilities set-off in
the statement of
financial position
of recognized
assets set-off
in the
statement of
financial
position
Financial
instruments
Cash collateral
received
Derivatives (legally enforceable) 4,501 734 3,768 2,632 39 1,097
Reverse repurchase, securities
lending & similar agreements
(legally enforceable)
3,681 0 3,681 3,681 0 0
Other financial instruments
(legally enforceable)
188 0 188 0 0 188
Total 8,371 734 7,637 6,313 39 1,285
31/12/2016 Gross amount Related amounts not set-off in
the statement of financial
Net amount
position
Net
amount
in € million of recognized
liabilities set-off in
the statement of
financial position
of recognized
assets set-off in
the statement of
financial position
of recognized
liabilities set
off in the
statement of
financial
position
Financial
instruments
Cash collateral
pledged
Derivatives (legally
enforceable)
3,954 734 3,220 1,987 110 1,123
Repurchase, securities lending &
similar agreements (legally
enforceable)
448 0 448 434 0 14
Other financial instruments
(legally enforceable)
10 0 10 0 0 10
Total 4,412 734 3,678 2,420 110 1,147

(36) Derivatives

30/6/2017 Nominal amount by maturity Fair values
in € million Up to 1 year More than 1 year,
up to 5 years
More than 5
years
Total Positive Negative
Interest rate contracts 29,540 64,844 49,595 143,979 2,373 (1,678)
Foreign exchange rate and gold
contracts
45,059 9,832 1,783 56,674 888 (825)
Equity/index contracts 1,040 1,723 213 2,975 136 (137)
Commodities 116 51 0 167 4 (6)
Credit derivatives 324 156 0 480 0 (4)
Precious metals contracts 22 0 0 22 0 0
Total 76,101 76,606 51,591 204,298 3,401 (2,650)
31/12/2016 Fair values
in € million Up to 1 year More than 1 year,
up to 5 years
More than 5
years
Total Positive Negative
Interest rate contracts 26,699 63,427 50,318 140,445 3,070 (2,141)
Foreign exchange rate and gold
contracts1
36,879 9,413 1,828 48,120 914 (1,070)
Equity/index contracts 925 1,519 228 2,672 95 (165)
Commodities 96 96 0 192 3 (9)
Credit derivatives 896 86 0 981 1 (1)
Precious metals contracts 18 0 0 18 0 (1)
Total 65,512 74,541 52,375 192,428 4,082 (3,387)

1 Adaptation of previous year figures in maturity of more than 5 years

(37) Fair value of financial instruments

Fair value of financial instruments reported at fair value

30/6/2017 31/12/2016
in € million Level I Level II Level III Level I Level II Level III
Trading assets 2,295 3,008 14 2,031 3,667 72
Positive fair values of derivatives1 134 2,748 1 94 3,343 1
Shares and other variable-yield securities 203 0 0 164 0 0
Bonds, notes and other fixed-interest securities 1,958 260 13 1,773 324 71
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 5,822 607 11 1,938 1,973 52
Shares and other variable-yield securities 119 0 1 3 0 1
Bonds, notes and other fixed-interest securities 5,704 607 10 1,935 1,973 51
Financial assets available-for-sale 5,128 176 65 3,750 44 74
Other interests2 2 32 0 2 29 0
Bonds, notes and other fixed-interest securities 5,075 144 62 3,749 15 71
Shares and other variable-yield securities 51 0 3 0 0 3
Derivatives (hedging) 0 518 0 0 645 0
Positive fair values of derivatives from hedge
accounting
0 518 0 0 645 0

1 Including other derivatives

2 Includes securities traded on the stock exchange as well as shares measured according to income approach

30/6/2017 31/12/2016
in € million Level I Level II Level III Level I Level II Level III
Trading liabilities 540 4,419 8 619 4,855 8
Negative fair values of derivative financial instruments1 113 2,256 0 135 2,826 0
Short-selling of trading assets 421 42 0 483 72 0
Certificates issued 5 2,121 7 0 1,956 7
Liabilities at fair value through profit and loss 0 2,728 0 0 2,784 0
Debt securities issued 0 1,368 0 0 1,373 0
Subordinated capital 0 720 0 0 659 0
Deposits from banks 0 640 0 0 752 0
Derivatives (hedging) 0 280 0 0 425 0
Negative fair values of derivatives from hedge
accounting
0 280 0 0 425 0

1 Including other derivatives

Level I Quoted market prices

Level II Valuation techniques based on market data Level III Valuation techniques not based on market data

Movements between Level I and Level II

Compared to year-end, the share of financial assets classified as Level II decreased. The decrease resulted from divestitures from the category "financial assets at fair value through profit and loss", in particular bonds, and derivative financial instruments in the trading book. Level I financial assets increased strongly compared to the comparative period due to the merger of RZB AG into RBI AG. Moreover, there was a shift from Level II to Level I.

This was due to the fact that directly quoted market prices for these financial instruments were available at the reporting date.

Movements in Level III of financial instruments at fair value

The following tables show the changes in the fair value of financial instruments whose fair value can not be calculated on the basis of observable market data and are therefore subject to other measurement models. Financial instruments in this category have a value component which is unobservable on the market and which has a material impact on the fair value. Due to a change in the observable valuation parameters, certain financial instruments were reclassified from Level III. The reclassified financial instruments are shown under Level II as they are valued on the basis of market input parameters.

in € million 1/1/2017 As at Change in
consolidated group
Exchange
differences
Purchases Sales,
repayment
Trading assets 72 0 3 2 (62)
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 52 0 0 0 0
Financial assets available-for-sale 74 0 3 29 (39)
Derivatives (hedging) 0 0 0 0 0
in € million Gains/loss in P/L Gains/loss in other
comprehensive
income
Transfer to
level III
Transfer
from level III
As at
30/6/2017
Trading assets (1) 0 0 0 14
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 0 0 0 (42) 11
Financial assets available-for-sale (2) 0 0 0 65
Derivatives (hedging) 0 0 0 0 0
in € million As at
1/1/2017
Change in
consolidated group
Exchange
differences
Purchases Sales,
repayment
Trading liabilities 8 0 0 0 0
in € million Gains/loss in P/L Gains/loss in other
comprehensive
income
Transfer
to level III
Transfer from
level III
As at
30/6/2017
Trading liabilities 0 0 0 0 8
Financial assets Type Fair value in
€ million
Valuation
technique
Significant
unobservable inputs
Range of
unobservable
inputs
Shares and other variable
yield securities
Closed end real
estate fund
0 Net asset value Haircuts 40-90%
Shares and other variable
yield securities
Shares, floating
rate notes
4 Cost of
aquisition, DCF -
method
Realization rate
Credit spread
10-40%
Other interests Shares 0 Income
approach
Prognosticated cash
flows
-
Bonds, notes and other
fixed-interest securities
Fixed coupon
bonds
78 Discounted
cash flow
method
Credit spread 0.4-50%
Bonds, notes and other
fixed-interest securities
Asset backed
securities
7 Discounted
cash flow
method
Realization rate
Credit spread
10-20%
Positive fair value of banking
book derivatives without
hedge accounting
Forward foreign
exchange
contracts
1 Net present
value method
Internal model
Interest rate
PD
LGD
10-30%
0.25-100%
37-64%
Total 90

Qualitative information for the valuation of financial instruments in Level III

Financial liabilities Type Fair value in
€ million
Valuation
technique
Significant
unobservable inputs
Range of
unobservable
inputs
Closing period 2-5%
Currency risk 0-5%
Negative fair value of Option model LT volatility 0-3%
banking book derivatives Net present Index category 0-5%
without hedge accounting OTC options 0 value method Net interest rate 10-30%
Closing period 0-3%
Bid-Ask spread 0-3%
Issued certificates for trading Option model LT volatility 0-3%
purposes Certificates 7 (Curran) Index category 0-2.5%
Total 8

Fair value of financial instruments not reported at fair value

30/6/2017
in € million Level I Level II Level III Fair value Carrying amount Difference
Assets
Cash reserve 0 18,492 0 18,492 18,492 0
Loans and advances to banks 0 10,101 2,745 12,846 12,839 7
Loans and advances to customers 0 17,839 57,849 75,688 76,917 (1,229)
Financial investments 5,638 2,198 970 8,806 8,744 62
Liabilities
Deposits from banks 0 24,319 2,534 26,853 26,818 35
Deposits from customers 0 26,807 54,804 81,611 81,595 16
Debt securities issued 1,768 3,288 1,527 6,583 6,319 264
Subordinated capital 0 3,457 407 3,864 3,474 390
31/12/2016
in € million Level I Level II Level III Fair value Carrying amount Difference
Assets
Cash reserve 0 12,242 0 12,242 12,242 0
Loans and advances to banks 0 8,262 1,647 9,909 9,850 59
Loans and advances to customers 0 17,216 47,723 64,939 65,609 (670)
Financial investments 5,249 1,459 194 6,901 6,810 92
Liabilities
Deposits from banks 0 10,418 1,725 12,142 12,065 78
Deposits from customers 0 27,003 44,585 71,588 71,538 50
Debt securities issued 107 3,729 1,470 5,305 5,272 34
Subordinated capital 0 3,338 402 3,740 3,545 194

Level I Quoted market prices Level II Valuation techniques based on market data

Level III Valuation techniques not based on market data

(38) Contingent liabilities and commitments

in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Contingent liabilities 9,595 9,055
Credit guarantees 5,749 5,398
Other guarantees 2,768 2,626
Letters of credit (documentary business) 1,048 994
Other contingent liabilities 29 37
Commitments 10,206 10,174
Irrevocable credit lines and stand-by facilities 10,206 10,174
Up to 1 year 2,529 2,819
More than 1 year 7,677 7,356

Risk report

(39) Risks arising from financial instruments

Active risk management is a core competency of the Group. In order to effectively identify, measure, and manage risks the Group continues to develop its comprehensive risk management system. Risk management is an integral part of overall bank management. In particular, in addition to legal and regulatory requirements, it takes into account the nature, scale and complexity of the business activities and the resulting risks. The principles and organization of risk management are disclosed in the relevant sections of the 2016 Annual Report, pages 148 ff. The comparative figures at year-end 2016 correspond to the published values of RBI prior to merger.

Organization of risk management

The organization of risk management and risk controlling was simplified and streamlined by the merger of RZB AG and RBI AG.

Economic capital

Economic capital constitutes a fundamental aspect of overall bank risk management. It defines the internal capital requirement for all material risk categories based on comparable models and thereby facilitates an aggregated view of the Group's risk profile. Economic capital is therefore an important instrument in Group risk management and is used for making risk-adjusted business decisions and in performance measurement. For this purpose, a business unit's profit is set in relation to the economic capital attributed to the unit (return on risk-adjusted capital, RORAC).

in € million 30/6/2017 Share 31/12/2016 Share
Credit risk corporate customers 1,358 24.1% 1,479 27.8%
Credit risk retail customers 1,284 22.8% 1,155 21.7%
Operational risk 586 10.4% 590 11.1%
Credit risk sovereigns 439 7.8% 412 7.8%
Macroeconomic risk 406 7.2% 392 7.4%
Participation risk 303 5.4% 109 2.1%
Market risk 273 4.8% 218 4.1%
Risk buffer 268 4.8% 253 4.8%
FX risk capital position 240 4.3% 276 5.2%
Other tangible fixed assets 226 4.0% 191 3.6%
Credit risk banks 201 3.6% 191 3.6%
CVA risk 33 0.6% 30 0.6%
Liquidity risk 21 0.4% 15 0.3%
Total 5,636 100.0% 5,310 100.0%

Risk contribution of individual risk types to economic capital:

Regional allocation of economic capital according to Group unit domicile:

in € million 30/6/2017 Share 31/12/2016 Share
Central Europe 1,893 33.6% 1,823 34.3%
Austria 1,551 27.5% 1,134 21.4%
Southeastern Europe 1,159 20.6% 1,208 22.7%
Eastern Europe 1,000 17.7% 1,133 21.3%
Rest of World 34 0.6% 12 0.2%
Total 5,636 100.0% 5,310 100.0%

The changes in the individual risk categories relative to the comparable period are predominantly due to the merger of RZB AG into RBI AG.

The Group uses a confidence level of 99.92 per cent for calculating economic capital. This confidence level is derived from the probability of default implied by the target rating. Based on the empirical analysis of rating agencies, the selected confidence level corresponds to a rating of "single A". The objective of calculating economic capital is to determine the amount of capital that would be required for servicing all of the claims of customers and creditors even in the case of such an extremely rare loss event.

Credit risk

Reconciliation of figures from IFRS consolidated financial statements to total credit exposure (according to CRR)

The following table translates items on the statement of financial position (banking and trading book positions) into the total credit exposure, which is used in portfolio management. It includes exposures on and off the statement of financial position before the application of credit-conversion factors and thus represents the total credit exposure. It is not reduced by the effects of credit risk mitigation such as guarantees and physical collateral, effects that are, however, considered in the total assessment of credit risks. The total credit exposure is used – if not explicitly stated otherwise – for showing exposures in all subsequent tables in the risk report. The reasons for different values used for internal portfolio management and external financial accounting are the different scopes of consolidation (regulatory versus accounting rules according to IFRS, i.e. corporate legal basis), different classifications and presentation of exposure volumes.

in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Cash reserve 15,391 9,267
Loans and advances to banks 12,851 9,900
Loans and advances to customers 81,101 70,514
Trading assets 4,736 4,986
Derivatives 1,099 1,429
Financial investments 19,231 14,353
Other assets 977 638
Contingent liabilities 9,595 9,055
Commitments 10,206 10,174
Revocable credit lines 17,797 16,890
Disclosure differences (530) (634)
Total1 172,455 146,573

1 Items on the statement of financial position contain only credit risk amounts.

A more detailed credit portfolio analysis is based on individual customer ratings. Customer rating assessments are performed separately for different asset classes using internal risk classification models (rating and scoring models), which are validated by a central organization unit. Default probabilities assigned to individual rating grades are calculated for each asset class separately. As a consequence the default probabilities related to the same ordinal rating grade (e.g. good credit standing corporates 4, banks A3, and sovereigns A3) are not directly comparable between these asset classes.

Rating models in the main non-retail asset classes – corporates, banks, and sovereigns – are uniform in all Group units and rank creditworthiness in 27 grades for corporate customers and banks and ten grades for sovereigns. For retail asset classes, country specific scorecards are developed based on uniform Group standards. Customer rating, as well as validation, is supported by specific software tools (e.g. business valuation tools, rating and default database).

The following table shows the effect of the merger of RZB AG into RBI AG for corporate customers, banks, retail customers and sovereigns:

in € million 31/12/2016 Change 1/1/2017
Corporate customers 73,847 3,733 77,580
Banks 18,628 1,400 20,028
Retail customers 29,166 6,650 35,816
Sovereigns 24,933 9,715 34,648
Total 146,573 21,498 168,071

The assumed exposure consists of positions held for liquidity purposes, including a portfolio of securities with very good and good credit standings and loans and advances to central banks, and retail loans from the building society business in Austria and the Czech Republic. There are also leasing claims on corporate customers from real estate projects.

Credit portfolio – Corporates

The following table shows the total credit exposure according to internal corporate ratings (large corporates, mid-market and small corporates). For presentation purposes, the individual grades of the rating scale are summarized into nine main rating grades.

in € million 30/6/2017 Share 31/12/2016 Share
1 Minimal risk 5,565 8.0% 5,805 8.8%
2 Excellent credit standing 7,306 10.6% 7,080 10.8%
3 Very good credit standing 8,733 12.6% 7,634 11.6%
4 Good credit standing 11,557 16.7% 10,488 15.9%
5 Sound credit standing 13,555 19.6% 13,150 20.0%
6 Acceptable credit standing 12,371 17.9% 10,812 16.4%
7 Marginal credit standing 4,173 6.0% 4,356 6.6%
8 Weak credit standing / sub-standard 1,511 2.2% 1,498 2.3%
9 Very weak credit standing / doubtful 604 0.9% 684 1.0%
10 Default 3,457 5.0% 4,026 6.1%
NR Not rated 377 0.5% 226 0.3%
Total 69,209 100.0% 65,759 100.0%

The total credit exposure to corporate customers rose € 3,450 million compared to year-end 2016 (of which € 3,555 million was due to the merger of RZB AG into RBI AG) to € 69,209 million.

The credit exposure rated as good credit standing through to minimal risk increased € 2,154 million, corresponding to a share of 47.9 per cent (31/12/2016: 47.1 per cent). The proportion of exposure with marginal credit standing through to very weak credit profiles decreased from 9.9 per cent to 9.1 per cent.

The differences in the individual rating grades were partly caused by the merger of RZB AG into RBI AG. Additionally, there were the following changes: The credit exposure in rating grade 3 increased due to facility and credit financing and due to guarantees given in the Group Corporates & Markets segment. The rise in credit exposure in rating grade 4 resulted from new business and credit financing. The € 569 million decline in rating grade 10 was largely the result of derecognition and sales of non-performing loans.

The rating model for project finance has five grades and takes both individual probability of default and available collateral into account. The breakdown of the project finance exposure is shown in the table below:

in € million 30/6/2017 Share 31/12/2016 Share
6.1
Excellent project risk profile – very low risk
4,709 56.7% 4,530 56.0%
6.2
Good project risk profile – low risk
1,952 23.5% 1,851 22.9%
6.3
Acceptable project risk profile – average risk
727 8.8% 844 10.4%
6.4
Poor project risk profile – high risk
228 2.7% 247 3.0%
6.5
Default
674 8.1% 596 7.4%
NR
Not rated
11 0.1% 20 0.2%
Total 8,301 100.0% 8,087 100.0%

As of 30 June 2017, the credit exposure to project finance amounted to € 8,301 million, corresponding to a € 214 million rise (of which € 178 million was due to the merger of RZB AG into RBI AG). At 80.2 per cent, projects rated in the two best rating grades, excellent project risk profile – very low risk and good project risk profile – low risk, accounted for the majority of the portfolio.

This mainly reflected the high level of collateralization in specialized lending transactions. The increase in credit exposure in rating grade 6.1 – excellent project risk profile – very low risk – was due both to the merger of RZB AG into RBI AG and to new customers in Germany, the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The decrease in rating grade 6.3 – acceptable project risk profile – average risk was largely due to the depreciation of the Russian rouble.

The following table provides a breakdown by country of risk of the total credit exposure for corporate customers and project finance structured by regions:

in € million 30/6/2017 Share 31/12/2016 Share
Central Europe 21,794 28.1% 20,922 28.3%
Austria 15,895 20.5% 12,897 17.5%
Western Europe 11,652 15.0% 10,972 14.9%
Eastern Europe 12,083 15.6% 12,321 16.7%
Southeastern Europe 11,039 14.2% 11,098 15.0%
Asia 1,697 2.2% 1,944 2.6%
Other 3,351 4.3% 3,692 5.0%
Total 77,510 100.0% 73,847 100.0%

The credit exposure was € 77,510 million, or € 3,663 million higher than at year-end 2016 (of which € 3,733 million was due to the merger of RZB AG into RBI AG).

Central Europe reported a € 872 million increase to € 21,794 million, which was due to the integration of Raiffeisen stavebni sporitelna, a.s., Prague, and an increase in corporate customer loans. This was, however, partly offset by a decline in facility financing. Austria reported the largest increase of € 2,998 million in the first half-year to € 15,895 million, primarily due to the integration of the Raiffeisen Leasing Group and Raiffeisen Bausparkasse as well as facility and credit financing, guarantees given and an increase in the portfolio of bonds. Western Europe reported a € 680 million increase to € 11,652 million. This was due to the merger of RZB AG into RBI AG and to a rise in credit financing. The € 238 million decline in Eastern Europe to € 12,083 million is largely attributable to sales of non-performing loans.

The table below provides a breakdown of the total credit exposure to corporates and project finance by industry:

in € million 30/6/2017 Share 31/12/2016 Share
Manufacturing 16,375 21.1% 16,837 22.8%
Wholesale and retail trade 15,819 20.4% 15,888 21.5%
Financial intermediation 8,929 11.5% 7,746 10.5%
Real Estate 9,881 12.7% 8,351 11.3%
Construction 5,786 7.5% 5,378 7.3%
Freelance/technical services 4,790 6.2% 4,209 5.7%
Transport, storage and communication 3,288 4.2% 3,346 4.5%
Electricity, gas, steam and hot water supply 3,028 3.9% 3,046 4.1%
Other industries 9,613 12.4% 9,046 12.2%
Total 77,510 100.0% 73,847 100.0%

The merger of RZB AG into RBI AG resulted in an increase of € 3,733 million, particularly in the real estate, construction and manufacturing.

Credit portfolio – Retail customers

Retail customers are subdivided into private individuals and small and medium-sized entities (SMEs). For retail customers a two-fold scoring system is used – consisting of the initial and ad-hoc scoring based on customer data and of the behavioral scoring based on account data. The table below shows the Group's credit exposure to retail customers:

in € million 30/6/2017 Share 31/12/2016 Share
Retail customers – private individuals 34,117 92.0% 26,498 90.9%
Retail customers – small and medium-sized
entities
2,977 8.0% 2,668 9.1%
Total 37,095 100.0% 29,166 100.0%
hereof non-performing loans 2,128 5.7% 2,139 7.3%
hereof individual loan loss provision 1,471 4.0% 1,522 5.2%
hereof portfolio-based loan loss provision 242 0.7% 249 0.9%

The total credit exposure to retail customers breaks down by segments as follows:

30/6/2017 Central Southeastern Eastern Group Corporates &
in € million Europe Europe Europe Markets
Retail customers – private individuals 17,295 7,685 4,227 4,910
Retail customers – small and medium
sized entities
1,509 671 369 429
Total 18,805 8,355 4,596 5,339
hereof non-performing loans 942 561 598 27
hereof individual loan loss provision 539 381 545 6
hereof portfolio-based loan loss provision 101 89 46 6
31/12/2016 Central Southeastern Eastern Non- Group
in € million Europe Europe Europe Core Markets
Retail customers – private individuals 9,954 7,335 4,004 5,192 13
Retail customers – small and medium
sized entities
1,002 739 403 523 1
Total 10,956 8,074 4,407 5,715 14
hereof non-performing loans 489 537 699 415 0
hereof individual loan loss provision 273 372 644 233 0
hereof portfolio-based loan loss
provision
87 90 55 17 0

Compared to year-end 2016, the total retail credit exposure increased € 7,929 million (of which € 6,650 million was due to the merger of RZB AG into RBI AG) to € 37,095 million in the first half-year. The increase was mainly due to the integration of Raiffeisen Bausparkasse Gesellschaft m.b.H., Vienna, and to Raiffeisen stavebni sporitelna, a.s., Prague.

The Central Europe segment reported the largest increase of € 7,849 million to € 18,805 million. The increase was on the one hand due to the reallocation of Raiffeisen Bank Polska S.A., Warsaw, from the Non-Core segment to the Central Europe segment and on the other hand to the integration of Raiffeisen stavebni sporitelna a.s., Prague.

In the table below, the total retail credit exposure by products is shown:

in € million 30/6/2017 Share 31/12/2016 Share
Mortgage loans 21,930 59.1% 15,549 53.3%
Personal loans 7,505 20.2% 6,668 22.9%
Credit cards 3,255 8.8% 3,197 11.0%
Car loans 469 1.3% 496 1.7%
Overdraft 1,678 4.5% 1,647 5.6%
SME financing 2,258 6.1% 1,609 5.5%
Total 37,095 100.0% 29,166 100.0%

The integration of Raiffeisen Bausparkasse Gesellschaft m.b.H., Vienna, and Raiffeisen stavebni sporitelna, a.s., Prague, resulted in an increase in credit exposure for mortgage loans and personal loans.

The share of foreign currency loans in the retail portfolio provides an indication of the potential change in default rates if the exchange rate of the domestic currency changes. The internal risk assessment thus takes into account not only the share of foreign currency loans but also the usually stricter lending criteria when granting the loan and – in several countries – the customer's matching foreign currency income.

in € million 30/6/2017 Share 31/12/2016 Share
Swiss franc 2,914 44.1% 3,099 43.8%
Euro 3,238 49.0% 3,403 48.1%
US-Dollar 456 6.9% 564 8.0%
Other foreign currencies 1 0.0% 2 0.0%
Loans in foreign currencies 6,609 100.0% 7,068 100.0%
Share of total loans 17.8% 24.2%

The decrease in foreign currency loans denominated in Swiss francs mainly resulted from the legal regulations related to the mandatory conversion of loans at historical rates at the time of lending in Croatia and currency fluctuations against Swiss franc. The decline in foreign currency loans denominated in US dollars was mainly attributable to Slovakia and Hungary. The reduction in euro denominated foreign currency loans was attributable to Bosnia and Herzegovina (down € 41 million), Poland (down € 37 million), Romania (down € 33 million), Croatia (down € 29 million) and Bulgaria (down € 25 million).

Credit portfolio – Banks

The following table shows the total credit exposure by internal rating for banks (excluding central banks). Due to the small number of customers (or observable defaults), the default probabilities of individual rating grades in this asset class are calculated based on a combination of internal and external data.

in € million 30/6/2017 Share 31/12/2016 Share
1 Minimal risk 3,343 14.8% 2,521 13.5%
2 Excellent credit standing 3,472 15.4% 2,919 15.7%
3 Very good credit standing 12,353 54.9% 9,935 53.3%
4 Good credit standing 1,696 7.5% 1,391 7.5%
5 Sound credit standing 916 4.1% 1,042 5.6%
6 Acceptable credit standing 408 1.8% 218 1.2%
7 Marginal credit standing 123 0.5% 186 1.0%
8 Weak credit standing / sub-standard 128 0.6% 245 1.3%
9 Very weak credit standing / doubtful 27 0.1% 77 0.4%
10 Default 20 0.1% 84 0.4%
NR Not rated 28 0.1% 9 0.0%
Total 22,515 100.0% 18,628 100.0%

The total credit exposure amounted to € 22,515 million in the first half-year. Compared to year-end 2016, this was an increase of € 3,887 million (of which € 1,400 million was due to the merger of RZB AG into RBI AG, noticeable in rating grades 1 and 2).

The differences result in part from the merger of RZB AG into RBI AG. Additionally, there were the following changes: The increase in rating grade 2 – excellent credit standing – resulted from guarantees given, repo business and an increase in the portfolio of bonds. Rating grade 3 recorded the largest rise of € 2,418 million to € 12,353 million. This was due to an increase in the portfolio of bonds, repo business, guarantees given and money market business, offset by the decline in facility financing and swap business.

The Group continues to pursue the strategy of reducing the unsecured exposure in this asset class. New business in this asset class therefore mainly stems from credit exposure from derivatives and short-term money market deposits. Credit business with other banks in the Austrian Raiffeisen Banking Group, which participate in a joint risk monitoring system, is not subject to this restriction.

The table below shows the total credit exposure to banks (excluding central banks) by products:

in € million 30/6/2017 Share 31/12/2016 Share
Repo 6,442 28.6% 3,755 20.2%
Bonds 4,158 18.5% 2,585 13.9%
Loans 4,399 19.5% 5,071 27.2%
Derivatives 3,359 14.9% 3,802 20.4%
Money market 2,680 11.9% 2,068 11.1%
Other 1,477 6.6% 1,347 7.2%
Total 22,515 100.0% 18,628 100.0%

Compared to year-end 2016, the credit exposure split by product class increased € 3,887 million (of which € 1,400 million was due to the merger of RZB AG into RBI AG, mainly seen in the product class bonds).

Additionally, there was an increase in repo business and a decrease in facility financing in Austria.

Credit portfolio – Sovereigns

Another asset class is formed by central governments, central banks, and regional municipalities as well as other public sector entities. The table below provides a breakdown of the total credit exposure to sovereigns (including central banks) by internal rating:

in € million 30/6/2017 Share 31/12/2016 Share
A1 Excellent credit standing 1,533 4.3% 1,919 7.7%
A2 Very good credit standing 10,460 29.6% 2,805 11.3%
A3 Good credit standing 8,123 23.0% 5,950 23.9%
B1 Sound credit standing 4,204 11.9% 3,826 15.3%
B2 Average credit standing 3,325 9.4% 2,690 10.8%
B3 Mediocre credit standing 4,666 13.2% 4,627 18.6%
B4 Weak credit standing 1,535 4.3% 1,564 6.3%
B5 Very weak credit standing 690 2.0% 837 3.4%
C Doubtful/high default risk 798 2.3% 712 2.9%
D Default 0 0.0% 2 0.0%
NR Not rated 1 0.0% 1 0.0%
Total 35,335 100.0% 24,933 100.0%

Compared to year-end 2016, the credit exposure to sovereigns increased € 10,402 million (of which € 9,715 million was attributable to the merger of RZB AG into RBI AG, mainly seen in the rating grades A2, A3 and B2) to € 35,335 million. It accounted for 20.5 per cent (31/12/2016: 17.0 per cent) of the total credit exposure.

The differences result in part from the merger of RZB AG into RBI AG. Additionally, there were the following changes: The increase in rating grade A2 – very good credit standing – resulted mainly from an increase in deposits at the Austrian National Bank and from an increase in the portfolio of bonds issued by the Republic of Austria. The intermediate rating grades, good credit standing (A3 rating) to mediocre credit standing (B3 rating), accounted for the highest share at 57.5 per cent of the total credit exposure. The high level of exposure in the intermediate rating grades was due among other factors to bonds issued by central banks and central governments in Central and Eastern Europe. The intermediate rating grades were also influenced by money market business and bonds. The increase in rating grade A3 – good credit standing – was due to a rise in the portfolio of bonds and in money market and repo business. The increase was offset by a decline in the minimum reserve at the Slovakian National Bank. The increase in rating grade B2 – average credit standing – resulted from bonds in Italy and Spain and an increase in money market business. The increase was offset by a decrease in the minimum reserve held at the Romanian National Bank.

The table below shows the total credit exposure to sovereigns (including central banks) by products:

in € million 30/6/2017 Share 31/12/2016 Share
Bonds 17,260 48.8% 13,191 52.9%
Loans 17,346 49.1% 11,218 45.0%
Derivatives 191 0.5% 488 2.0%
Other 538 1.5% 37 0.1%
Total 35,335 100.0% 24,933 100.0%
in € million 30/6/2017 Share 31/12/2016 Share
Hungary 2,142 27.8% 2,120 27.4%
Croatia 995 12.9% 1,047 13.5%
Russia 524 6.8% 555 7.2%
Bulgaria 759 9.9% 854 11.0%
Albania 677 8.8% 792 10.2%
Ukraine 547 7.1% 494 6.4%
Serbia 572 7.4% 501 6.5%
Bosnia and Herzegovina 451 5.9% 492 6.4%
Belarus 231 3.0% 189 2.4%
Vietnam 158 2.1% 164 2.1%
Other 634 8.2% 534 6.9%
Total 7,690 100.0% 7,743 100.0%

The table below shows the credit exposure to sovereigns in non-investment grade (rating B3 and below):

Compared to year-end 2016, the credit exposure to sovereigns in non-investment grade decreased € 53 million to € 7,690 million. Declines in deposits, credit financing, minimum reserves and money market business were largely offset by an increase in the portfolio of bonds.

The credit exposure was mainly due to deposits of Group units at local central banks in Central and Southeastern Europe, which serve to fulfil the respective minimum reserve requirements and the short-term investment of excess liquidity and which are therefore inextricably linked with business activity in these countries.

Credit risk mitigation

Loans and advances to banks and customers net of allocated loan loss provisions (net exposure), the additional exposure off the statement of financial position (contingent liabilities, commitments, and revocable credit lines), and the market prices (fair value) of collateral pledged in favor of the Group are shown in the following tables:

30/6/2017 Maximum credit exposure Fair value of collateral
Commitments/
in € million Net exposure guarantees issued
Banks 12,839 2,568 5,053
Sovereigns 754 630 519
Corporate customers – large corporates 41,881 29,302 24,313
Corporate customers – mid market 2,911 1,070 2,105
Retail customers – private individuals 29,218 4,081 18,678
Retail customers – small and medium-sized entities 2,154 503 1,353
Total 89,756 38,155 52,021
31/12/2016 Maximum credit exposure Fair value of collateral
Commitments/
in € million Net exposure guarantees issued
Banks 9,850 3,502 2,925
Sovereigns 654 758 420
Corporate customers – large corporates 38,746 27,215 23,049
Corporate customers – mid market 2,384 1,087 1,773
Retail customers – private individuals 21,878 3,464 13,069
Retail customers – small and medium-sized entities 1,947 509 1,312
Total 75,459 36,535 42,549

Non-performing exposure (NPE)

The following table shows the non-performing exposure pursuant to the applicable definition contained in the EBA document "Implementing Technical Standard (ITS) on Supervisory Reporting (Forbearance and non-performing exposures)" and considers non defaulted and defaulted exposure.

NPE NPE ratio NPE coverage ratio
in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016 30/6/2017 31/12/2016 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Corporate
customers
3,915 4,450 8.1% 9.9% 60.3% 68.2%
Retail customers 2,343 2,376 7.1% 9.3% 62.7% 64.0%
Sovereigns 0 2 0.0% 0.3% >100% >100%
Banks 14 77 0.1% 0.8% 80.4% 62.5%
Total 6,272 6,904 6.7% 8.6% 61.3% 66.7%

Forborne exposure

This section refers exclusively to exposures without grounds for default pursuant to Article 178 CRR. In the corporate business, when loan terms or conditions are altered in favor of the customer, the Group distinguishes between modified loans and forborne loans according to the applicable definition contained in the EBA document "Implementing Technical Standard (ITS) on Supervisory Reporting (Forbearance and non-performing exposures)".

The crucial aspect in deciding whether a loan is forborne in the non-retail business is the financial situation of a customer at the time the terms or loan conditions are altered. If based on the customer's creditworthiness (taking the internal early warning system into account) it can be assumed, at the point when the loan terms or conditions are altered, that the customer is in financial difficulties and if the modification is assessed as a concession, such loans are designated as forborne. If such a modification for a loan previously considered as non-performing is carried out, then the loan is assessed as non-performing exposure (NPE) irrespective of whether a reason for default pursuant to Article 178 CRR exists. The decision on whether a loan is classified as forborne/NPE does not trigger an individual loan loss provision in respect of the customer; this is based on the default definition of CRD IV/CRR.

In the retail business, restructured loans are subject to an observation period of at least three months in order to ensure that the customer meets the re-negotiated terms. For retail portfolios which are subject to PD/LGD calculation (Probability of Default/Loss Given Default) of portfolio-based loan loss provisions, it is necessary to avoid artificial improvement of the PD estimates for the restructured forborne exposure. This is achieved either by, despite the restructuring, continuing to use those variables based on the days past due (DPD) before restructuring which were foreseen for overdue payments prior to restructuring for the duration of the observation period or by using a separate calibration for the partial volume of restructured loans. In exceptional cases, if neither of the aforementioned methods is technically possible, the PD of the next worse rating grade is used for the duration of the observation period. For retail portfolios where the amount of the portfolio-based loan loss provision is determined based on product portfolios and/or delinquencies, whether or not the loan was more than 180 days overdue prior to the renegotiation is taken into account. In those cases where the customer concerned meets the re-negotiated terms and the credit exposure was not overdue for 180 days before the re-negotiation, the credit exposure is transferred from the portfolio in observation to the living portfolio.

Those credit exposures already overdue for more than 180 days prior to the re-negotiation or those customers who did not meet the re-negotiated terms remain in the portfolio which is fully impaired.

The following tables show the forborne exposure according to segments:

in € million 30/6/2017 Share
Central Europe 151 47%
Southeastern Europe 91 28%
Eastern Europe 16 5%
Group Corporates & Markets 67 21%
Total 325 100%
hereof non-banks 325 100%
in € million 31/12/20161 Share
Central Europe 110 32%
Southeastern Europe 120 35%
Eastern Europe 17 5%
Group Corporates 43 13%
Group Markets 0 0%
Corporate Center 0 0%
Non-Core 51 15%
Total 341 100%
hereof non-banks 341 100%

1 Adaptation of previous year figures

The following table shows the forborne exposure according to asset classes:

Refinancing Instruments with modified time
and modified conditions
NPE total
in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016 30/6/2017 31/12/2016 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Corporate customers 3 12 84 75 87 87
Retail customers 17 24 220 230 238 254
Total 20 36 305 306 325 341

In the corporate customer business, financial difficulties are measured by means of an internal early warning system which is based on numerous representative and accepted input factors for customer risk classification (e.g. overdue days, rating downgrade etc.). IAS 39 requires that impairments must be derived from an incurred loss event; defaults pursuant to Article 178 CRR are still the main indicators for individual and portfolio-based loan loss provisions. The transfer of forborne exposures to the living portfolio is not automatically carried out after the determined monitoring period. Additionally, an expert opinion has to be obtained confirming that the circumstances of the customer concerned have improved.

Non-performing loans (NPL) and provisioning

According to Article 178 CRR, a default and thus a non-performing loan (NPL) applies if it can be assumed that a customer is unlikely to fulfill all of its credit obligations to the bank, or if the debtor is overdue at least 90 days on any material credit obligation to the bank. For non-retail customers, twelve different indicators are used to identify a default event. For example, a default event applies if a customer is involved in insolvency or similar proceedings, if it has been necessary to apply an impairment or direct write-down of a customer loan or if credit risk management has judged a customer account receivable to be not wholly recoverable or the Workout Unit is considering a restructuring.

Within the Group, a Group-wide default database is used for collecting and documenting customer defaults. The database also tracks the reasons for defaults, which enables the calculation and validation of default probabilities.

Provisions for impairment losses are formed on the basis of Group-wide standards according to IFRS accounting principles and cover all identifiable credit risks. In the non-retail business, problem loan committees from each Group unit decide on allocating individual loan loss provisions. In the retail area, provisioning is determined by retail risk management departments in the individual Group units. They compute the required loan loss provisions according to defined calculation methods on a monthly basis. The provisioning amount is then approved by local accounting departments.

The following table shows the development of non-performing loans in the defined asset classes loans and advances to customers and loans and advances to banks (excluding items off the statement of financial position):

in € million As at
1/1/2017
Consolidation/
Exchange rate
Additions Disposals As at
30/6/2017
Corporate customers 4,357 231 553 (1,314) 3,827
Retail customers 2,127 58 272 (351) 2,106
Sovereigns 2 0 0 (2) 0
Total non-banks 6,486 289 825 (1,666) 5,933
Banks 77 (3) 1 (61) 14
Total 6,563 286 826 (1,727) 5,947

The following table shows the share of non-performing loans (NPL) in the defined asset classes loans and advances to customers and loans and advances to banks as reported in the statement of financial position (excluding items off the statement of financial position):

NPL NPL ratio NPL coverage ratio
in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016 30/6/2017 31/12/2016 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Corporate customers 3,827 4,357 7.0% 9.3% 65.7% 71.5%
Retail customers 2,106 2,127 7.5% 8.3% 79.1% 82.2%
Sovereigns 0 2 0.0% 0.6% >100% >100%
Total non-banks 5,933 6,486 7.3% 9.2% 70.5% 75.6%
Banks 14 77 0.1% 0.5% 87.2% 65.4%
Total 5,947 6,563 6.3% 8.2% 70.6% 75.5%

The volume of non-performing loans to non-banks fell € 552 million due to an organic decrease largely attributable to derecognition of commercially uncollectible debts in Ukraine, at RBI AG and at Raiffeisen Leasing Group. The merger of RZB AG into RBI AG, in contrast, produced an increase of € 425 million. The NPL ratio based on total exposure decreased 1.9 percentage points to 7.3 per cent.

Since the start of the year, corporate customers posted a € 530 million decrease to € 3,827 million. The ratio of non-performing loans to credit exposure decreased 2.4 percentage points to 7.0 per cent; the NPL coverage ratio declined 5.8 percentage points to 65.7 per cent. In the retail portfolio, non-performing loans decreased 1.0 per cent, or € 21 million, to € 2,106 million. The ratio of non-performing loans to credit exposure decreased 0.8 percentage points to 7.5 per cent; the NPL coverage ratio decreased 3.0 percentage points to 79.1 per cent. For banks, non-performing loans at the end of the first half-year amounted to € 14 million, € 63 million down on the year-end 2016; the NPL coverage ratio increased 21.8 percentage points to 87.2 per cent.

The following tables show the share of non-performing loans (NPL) in the defined asset classes loans and advances to customers and loans and advances to banks as reported in the statement of financial position (excluding items off the statement of financial position) by segment:

30/6/2017
in € million NPL NPL ratio NPL coverage ratio
Central Europe 1,709 5.1% 63.8%
Southeastern Europe 1,386 9.3% 76.7%
Eastern Europe 1,207 8.9% 83.0%
Group Corporates & Markets 1,590 4.5% 63.3%
Corporate Center 55 1.0% 61.9%
Total 5,947 6.3% 70.6%
hereof non-banks 5,933 7.3% 70.5%
31/12/2016
in € million NPL NPL ratio NPL coverage ratio
Central Europe 1,078 5.0% 71.0%
Southeastern Europe 1,421 9.9% 79.7%
Eastern Europe 1,576 12.0% 85.9%
Group Corporates 688 4.5% 65.9%
Group Markets 131 1.9% 71.9%
Corporate Center 34 0.5% 87.8%
Non-Core 1,634 16.7% 66.6%
Total 6,563 8.2% 75.5%
hereof non-banks 6,486 9.2% 75.6%

In Central Europe, non-performing loans increased € 631 million to € 1,709 million, including € 670 million from the reclassification of Poland from the Non-Core segment and € 44 million from integrating RZB AG in the course of its merger into RBI AG. Nonperforming loans decreased € 105 million in Hungary due to sales and derecognition. The NPL ratio amounted to 5.1 per cent and the NPL coverage ratio was 63.8 per cent.

In Southeastern Europe, non-performing loans decreased € 35 million compared to the start of the year to € 1,386 million. Whereas declines totaling € 69 million were reported in Albania and Bulgaria, non-performing loans in Croatia increased € 68 million mainly due to a defaulted large corporate customer. The NPL ratio fell 0.6 percentage points to 9.3 per cent and the NPL coverage ratio fell 3.0 percentage points to 76.7 per cent.

The Eastern Europe segment reported a decline in non-performing loans of 23 per cent, or € 369 million, to € 1,207 million, mainly attributable to sales of non-performing loans amounting to € 185 million in Ukraine and derecognition of uncollectible loans and currency depreciation in Ukraine and Russia. The ratio of non-performing loans to credit exposure fell 3.1 percentage points to 8.9 per cent and the NPL coverage ratio decreased 2.8 percentage points to 83.0 per cent.

Non-performing loans in the Group Corporates & Markets segment comprise the former segments Group Corporates, Group Markets and parts of Non-Core and an effect related to the merger of RZB AG into RBI AG with € 380 million, and amounted to € 1,590 million. Non-performing loans decreased € 363 million at RBI AG and € 185 million at Raiffeisen Leasing Group in the period under review due to derecognition of uncollectible loans. The NPL ratio at the end of the first half-year amounted to 4.5 per cent, and the NPL coverage ratio to 63.3 per cent.

The following table shows the development of impairment losses on loans and provisions for liabilities off the statement of financial position:

in € million As at
1/1/2017
Change in
consolidated
group
Allocation1 Release Usage2 Transfers,
exchange
differences
As at
30/6/2017
Individual loan loss
provisions
4,697 257 515 (410) (1,016) (117) 3,926
Portfolio-based loan
loss provisions
381 23 124 (136) 0 (10) 383
Total 5,078 279 639 (546) (1,016) (126) 4,309

1 Allocation including direct write-downs and income on written down claims

2 Usage including direct write-downs and income on written down claims

in € million As at
1/1/2016
Change in
consolidated
group
Allocation1 Release Usage2 Transfers,
exchange
differences
As at
30/6/2016
Individual loan loss
provisions
5,772 4 866 (434) (1,052) (18) 5,137
Portfolio-based
loan loss provisions
382 0 116 (143) 0 3 359
Total 6,154 5 982 (577) (1,052) (15) 5,497

1 Allocation including direct write-downs and income on written down claims 2 Usage including direct write-downs and income on written down claims

Usage was mainly based on the sale and derecognition of uncollectible loans. The changes in consolidated group primarily show the effect of the merger of RZB AG into RBI AG.

Concentration risk

The Group's credit portfolio is well diversified in terms of geographical region and industry. Single name concentrations are also actively managed (based on the concept of groups of connected customers) by limits and regular reporting. As a consequence, portfolio granularity is high.

As part of the strategic realignment, the limit structures related to concentration risk for each customer segment were also reviewed.

The regional breakdown of the loans reflects the broad diversification of credit business in the European markets of the Group.

in € million 30/6/2017 Share 31/12/2016 Share
Austria 35,889 20.8% 19,936 13.6%
Central Europe 55,207 32.0% 50,177 34.2%
Czech Republic 20,253 11.7% 15,047 10.3%
Poland 14,192 8.2% 14,083 9.6%
Slovakia 13,894 8.1% 14,138 9.6%
Hungary 6,458 3.7% 6,471 4.4%
Other 410 0.2% 438 0.3%
Other European Union 27,120 15.7% 21,139 14.4%
Germany 8,500 4.9% 6,354 4.3%
Great Britain 6,234 3.6% 5,275 3.6%
France 4,034 2.3% 3,086 2.1%
Netherlands 1,935 1.1% 1,828 1.2%
Italy 1,233 0.7% 883 0.6%
Spain 961 0.6% 595 0.4%
Other 4,223 2.4% 3,118 2.1%
Southeastern Europe 25,618 14.9% 25,659 17.5%
Romania 9,434 5.5% 9,452 6.4%
Croatia 5,010 2.9% 5,091 3.5%
Bulgaria 3,993 2.3% 3,998 2.7%
Serbia 2,659 1.5% 2,467 1.7%
Bosnia and Herzegovina 2,083 1.2% 2,077 1.4%
Albania 1,668 1.0% 1,830 1.2%
Other 771 0.4% 743 0.5%
Asia 3,161 1.8% 3,499 2.4%
China 847 0.5% 936 0.6%
Other 2,314 1.3% 2,564 1.7%
Eastern Europe 19,829 11.5% 19,814 13.5%
Russia 14,518 8.4% 14,262 9.7%
Ukraine 3,266 1.9% 3,380 2.3%
Belarus 1,499 0.9% 1,635 1.1%
Other 545 0.3% 536 0.4%
North America 2,551 1.5% 3,051 2.1%
Switzerland 1,887 1.1% 2,193 1.5%
Rest of World 1,192 0.7% 1,105 0.8%
Total 172,455 100.0% 146,573 100.0%

The following table shows the regional distribution of the credit exposure of all asset classes by the borrower's home country and grouped by regions:

The credit exposure of all asset classes posted a € 25,882 million increase compared to year-end 2016 to € 172,455 million (of which € 21,498 million was due to the merger of RZB AG into RBI AG in the regions Austria, Central Europe and Other European Union). The largest increase of € 15,953 million to € 35,889 million in Austria was mainly due to the integration of Raiffeisen Bausparkasse Gesellschaft m.b.H., Vienna, as well as to a rise in deposits at the Austrian National Bank and an increase in the portfolio of Republic of Austria bonds.

Germany reported an increase of € 2,146 million to € 8,500 million resulting primarily from credit financing and repo business.

The following table shows the Group's total credit exposure based on customer industry classification:

in € million 30/6/2017 Share 31/12/2016 Share
Banking and insurance 48,434 28.1% 39,183 26.7%
Private households 34,286 19.9% 26,589 18.1%
Public administration and defence and social
insurance institutions
17,631 10.2% 11,844 8.1%
Wholesale trade and commission trade (except car
trading)
11,641 6.8% 11,976 8.2%
Other manufacturing 11,119 6.4% 11,426 7.8%
Real estate activities 10,158 5.9% 8,386 5.7%
Construction 5,977 3.5% 5,551 3.8%
Other business activities 5,042 2.9% 4,438 3.0%
Retail trade except repair of motor vehicles 3,890 2.3% 3,675 2.5%
Electricity, gas, steam and hot water supply 3,038 1.8% 3,056 2.1%
Manufacture of basic metals 1,953 1.1% 2,183 1.5%
Other transport 1,910 1.1% 1,905 1.3%
Land transport, transport via pipelines 1,868 1.1% 1,896 1.3%
Manufacture of food products and beverages 1,797 1.0% 1,834 1.3%
Manufacture of machinery and equipment 1,773 1.0% 1,694 1.2%
Sale of motor vehicles 1,016 0.6% 916 0.6%
Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas 826 0.5% 776 0.5%
Other industries 10,098 5.9% 9,247 6.3%
Total 172,455 100.0% 146,573 100.0%

The merger of RZB AG into RBI AG resulted in an increase of € 21,498 million, mainly in the industries private households, banking and insurance, as well as public administration and defence and social insurance institutions.

Market risk

Market risk management is based on figures from an internal model that calculates value-at-risk (VaR) for changes in the following risk factors: foreign exchange, interest rate changes, credit spreads, implied volatility and equity indices. The Austrian Financial Market Authority approved this model so that it can be used for calculating total capital requirements for market risks.

The following table shows the VaR for overall market risk in the trading and banking book for each risk type. The VaR is dominated by risk arising from equity positions held in foreign currencies, structural interest rate risks and credit spread risks arising from the bond books (frequently held as a liquidity reserve).

Total VaR 99% 1d VaR as at Average VaR Minimum VaR Maximum VaR VaR as at
in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Currency risk 25 21 17 29 24
Interest rate risk 29 16 10 29 16
Credit spread risk 11 12 9 16 8
Share price risk 1 1 1 1 1
Vega risk 2 3 1 5 1
Total 45 37 29 47 36

Exchange rate risk on total bank level also includes equity of subsidiaries denominated in foreign currency. The structural exchange rate risk resulting from equity capital is managed independently from the mainly short-term trading positions.

Liquidity management

Funding structure

The Group's funding structure is highly focused on retail business in Central and Eastern Europe. In addition, as a result of the Austrian Raiffeisen Banking Group's strong local market presence, the Group also benefits from funding through the Raiffeisen Landesbanken. Different funding sources are utilized in accordance with the principle of diversification. These include the issue of international bonds by RBI AG, the issue of local bonds by the Group units and the use of third-party financing loans (including from supranationals). The Group units also use interbank loans from third party banks, partly due to tight country limits and partly due to beneficial pricing.

Cash reserve 18,492 21,634 Short term bank deposits
Reverse repurchase agreement/Securities borrowing
8,179
463 Trading liabilities
Short-term interbank business 5,452 2,684 Negative fair value of derivatives
Trading book bonds 2,434 2,799 Other liquid liabilities
1,075 Multilateral development banks
Positive fair values of derivatives 3,431 4,750 Wholesale funding
Other liquid assets 1,491
Long-term interbank business 1,871
Loans and advances to customers (net) 74,253 91.7%
Loan/deposit
ratio
45,916 Sight deposits customers
23,866 Time deposits customers
11,168 Savings deposits customers
7,687 Debt securities issued
2,133 Trading certificates
Banking book bonds 19,405 4,194 Subordinated capital
10,234 Equity incl. profit/loss
Other illiquid assets 3,593
Total assets 138,603 138,603 Total equity and liabilities

Liquidity position

The Going Concern report shows the structural liquidity position. It covers all material risk drivers which might affect the Group in a business as usual scenario. The results of the going concern scenario are shown in the following table. It illustrates excess liquidity and the ratio of expected cash inflows plus counterbalancing capacity to cash outflows (liquidity ratio) for selected maturities on a cumulative basis. The cash flows are based on assumptions according to expert opinions, statistical analyses and country specifics. This calculation also incorporates estimates of the stability of customer deposits, outflow of positions off the statement of financial position and the effects of a market downturn relating to positions that affect the counterbalancing capacity.

in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Maturity 1 month 1 year 1 month 1 year
Liquidity gap 21,074 24,404 21,066 24,517
Liquidity ratio 140% 124% 160% 131%

Liquidity coverage ratio

The liquidity coverage ratio (LCR) requires the short-term resilience of banks by ensuring that they have an adequate stock of unencumbered high-quality liquid assets (HQLA) to meet potential liability run offs that might occur in a crisis, which can be converted into cash to meet liquidity needs for a minimum of 30 calendar days in a liquidity stress scenario.

The calculation of expected inflows and outflows of funds and the HQLAs is based on regulatory specifications. In 2017 a regulatory minimum ratio for the LCR of 80 per cent is applicable which will be raised to 100 per cent by 2018.

in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Average liquid assets 25,424 12,977
Net outflows 17,934 7,071
Inflows 12,258 11,186
Outflows 30,192 18,257
Liquidity Coverage Ratio 142% 184%

As intended, RBI's LCR is lower than at year-end 2016 and remains well above internal and regulatory limits. This change was mainly driven by a decrease in excess liquidity at RBI and a considerable increase in the liquidity positions transferred during the merger of RZB AG into RBI AG.

Net Stable Funding Ratio

The NSFR is defined as the ratio of available stable funding to required stable funding. This ratio should continuously be at least 100 per cent, although no regulatory limit has yet been set. Available stable funding is defined as the portion of equity and liabilities which is expected to be a reliable source of funds over the time horizon of one year applicable for the NSFR. The amount of such stable funding required of a specific institution is a function of the liquidity characteristics and residual maturities of the various assets held by that institution as well as those of its exposures off the statement of financial position. RBI Group targets a balanced funding position. The regulatory provisions are currently undergoing review by the authorities.

in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Required stable funding 99,216 73,730
Available stable funding 109,552 86,230
Net Stable Funding Ratio 110% 117%

Additional notes

(40) Capital management and total capital according to CRR/CRD IV and Austrian Banking Act (BWG)

Based on an annually undertaken Supervisory Review and Evaluation Process (SREP), the ECB instructs RBI by way of an official notification to hold additional common equity tier 1 capital to cover risks which are not or not adequately taken into account under pillar I.

The so-called SREP minimum capital ratio currently contains a capital conservation and systemic risk buffer in addition to the minimum requirements of the CRR and the SREP add-on. Within the framework of the Supervisory Review and Revaluation Process ECB implicitly set CET 1 ratio to 8.5 per cent (SREP requirement). A breach of the combined buffer requirement would induce constraints, for example in relation to dividend distributions and coupon payments on certain capital instruments.

Additionally, supervisors can determine national systemic risk buffers (up to 5 per cent) as well as additional capital add-ons for systemic banks (up to 3.5 per cent). In the event that systemic risk buffers as well as add-ons for systemic banks are determined for an institution, only the higher of the two values is applicable. In September 2015, the responsible Financial Market Stability Board (FMSB) of the FMA recommended the requirement of systemic risk buffers for twelve large banks located in Austria, including RBI. This came into force as of the beginning of 2016 through the FMA. The systemic risk buffer for RBI was set at 0.25 per cent in the year 2016, was raised to 0.50 per cent from 1 January 2017 on and this progressively increases to 2 per cent by 2019.

Moreover, a countercyclical buffer can be implemented by member states in order to curb excessive lending growth. This buffer was set at 0 per cent in Austria for the present time due to restrained lending growth and the stable macroeconomic environment.

The interim half-year profit was included in the calculation of total capital, based on a review by the auditor.

The comparative figures as at year-end 2016 correspond to the results published by RBI prior to the merger.

Total capital

in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Paid-in capital 5,994 5,886
Earned capital 3,245 2,585
Non-controlling interests 359 445
Common equity tier 1 (before deductions) 9,598 8,916
Deduction intangible fixed assets/goodwill (592) (520)
Deduction provision shortage for IRB positions (48) (34)
Deduction securitizations (21) (21)
Deduction deferred tax assets 0 0
Deduction loss carry forwards (2) (2)
Deduction insurance and other investments 0 0
Common equity tier 1 (after deductions) 8,936 8,339
Additional tier 1 90 90
Non-controlling interests 20 (1)
Deduction intangible fixed assets/goodwill (105) (78)
Deduction provision shortage for IRB positions (6) (11)
Deduction securitizations 0 0
Deduction insurance and other investments 0 0
Tier 1 8,936 8,339
in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Long-term subordinated capital 2,964 3,047
Non-controlling interests 28 (9)
Provision excess of internal rating approach positions 173 159
Provision excess of standardized approach positions 0 0
Deduction securitizations 0 0
Deduction insurance and other investments 0 0
Tier 2 (after deductions) 3,164 3,198
Total capital 12,100 11,537
Total capital requirement 5,522 4,805
Common equity tier 1 ratio (transitional) 12.9% 13.9%
Common equity tier 1 ratio (fully loaded) 12.8% 13.6%
Tier 1 ratio (transitional) 12.9% 13.9%
Tier 1 ratio (fully loaded) 12.8% 13.6%
Total capital ratio (transitional) 17.5% 19.2%
Total capital ratio (fully loaded) 17.4% 18.9%

The transitional ratios are the currently applicable ratios according to CRR requirements under consideration of the applicable transitional provisions for the current calendar year set out in Part 10 of the CRR. The fully loaded ratios are for information purposes only and are calculated assuming full implementation without taking the transitional provisions into account.

Total capital requirement and risk-weighted assets

in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Total capital requirement for credit risk 4,503 3,907
Internal rating approach 2,384 2,275
Standardized approach 2,086 1,602
CVA risk 33 31
Basel 1 floor 0 0
Total capital requirement for position risk in bonds, equities, commodities and
open currency positions
291 214
Total capital requirement for operational risk 728 683
Total capital requirement 5,522 4,805
Risk-weighted assets (total RWA) 69,021 60,061

Risk-weighted assets for credit risk according to asset classes broke down as follows:

in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Risk-weighted assets according to standardized approach 26,079 20,025
Central governments and central banks 1,565 1,925
Regional governments 118 60
Public administration and non-profit organizations 44 12
Multilateral development banks 0 0
Banks 329 293
Corporate customers 9,349 7,909
Retail customers 9,872 7,241
Equity exposures 2,019 397
Covered bonds 24 0
Mutual funds 34 4
Securitization position 0 0
Other positions 2,724 2,184
Risk-weighted assets according to internal rating approach 29,799 28,435
Central governments and central banks 489 244
Banks 1,901 1,995
Corporate customers 22,404 21,454
Retail customers 4,566 4,390
Equity exposures 155 123
Securitization position 283 229
CVA risk 409 381
Basel 1 floor 0 0
Risk-weighted assets (credit risk) 56,287 48,841
Total capital requirement (credit risk) 4,503 3,907

Leverage ratio

The leverage ratio is defined in Part 7 of the CRR and is not a mandatory quantitative requirement until 1 January 2018. Therefore, until then it serves only for information purposes.

in € million 30/6/2017 31/12/2016
Leverage exposure 157,895 122,843
Tier 1 8,936 8,339
Leverage ratio (transitional) 5.7% 6.8%
Leverage ratio (fully loaded) 5.6% 6.6%

(41) Average number of staff

Full-time equivalents 1/1-30/6/2017 1/1-30/6/2016
Austria 3,691 2,755
Foreign 46,639 48,910
Total 50,330 51,665

(42) Related parties

Transactions with related parties are limited to banking business transactions that are carried out at fair market conditions. Moreover, members of the Management Board hold shares of Raiffeisen Bank International AG. Detailed information regarding this is published on the homepage of Raiffeisen Bank International.

RZB AG was incorporated into RBI AG during the reporting period. As of this point in time, the parent company ceased to exist. In the previous year's period, the parent company was Raiffeisen Zentralbank Österreich Aktiengesellschaft, Vienna.

The main companies exercising a significant influence are Raiffeisenlandesbank Niederösterreich-Wien AG, Vienna, the largest single shareholder, and its parent company, Raiffeisen-Holding Niederösterreich-Wien registrierte Genossenschaft mit beschränkter Haftung, Vienna. Under affiliated companies, affiliated companies that are not consolidated due to immateriality are shown.

30/6/2017
in € million
Companies with
significant influence
Affiliated
companies
Companies
valued at equity
Other interests
Loans and advances to banks 865 0 203 24
Loans and advances to customers 0 100 1 176
Trading assets 7 0 1 8
Financial investments 0 208 0 221
Investments in associates 0 0 742 0
Other assets (incl. derivatives) 0 9 3 11
Deposits from banks 2,547 5 3,012 363
Deposits from customers 0 121 443 107
Debt securities issued 0 1 0 0
Provisions for liabilities and charges 0 2 2 0
Trading liabilities 66 16 7 12
Other liabilities including derivatives 0 2 2 0
Subordinated capital 0 0 4 0
Guarantees given 1 97 275 24
Guarantees received 12 0 34 36
31/12/2016
in € million
Parent companies Affiliated
companies
Companies
valued at equity
Other interests
Loans and advances to banks 686 65 353 46
Loans and advances to customers 0 659 37 133
Trading assets 0 42 0 2
Financial investments 0 198 0 88
Other assets (incl. derivatives) 60 14 0 1
Deposits from banks 333 297 2,592 75
Deposits from customers 0 554 402 89
Debt securities issued 0 1 0 0
Provisions for liabilities and charges 0 0 0 0
Trading liabilities 0 65 6 0
Other liabilities including derivatives 1 2 1 0
Subordinated capital 68 0 0 0
Guarantees given 0 148 0 8
Guarantees received 556 204 47 38
1/1-30/6/2017
in € million
Companies with
significant influence
Affiliated
companies
Companies
valued at equity
Other interests
Interest income 4 1 2 5
Interest expenses (17) 0 (15) (1)
Dividends income 0 10 35 13
Fee and commission income 1 11 6 3
Fee and commission expense (1) (6) (4) (2)
1/1-30/6/2016
in € million
Parent companies Affiliated
companies
Companies
valued at equity
Other interests
Interest income 17 29 3 5
Interest expenses (4) (9) (20) (1)
Dividends income 0 20 0 3
Fee and commission income 0 19 4 2
Fee and commission expense (2) (3) (2) (2)

Events after the reporting date

There were no significant events after the reporting date.

Report on the Review of the condensed Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

Introduction

We have reviewed the accompanying condensed interim consolidated financial statements of Raiffeisen Bank International AG, Vienna, for the period from 1 January 2017 to 30 June 2017. These condensed interim consolidated financial statements comprise the consolidated statement of financial position as of 30 June 2017 and the consolidated statement of comprehensive income, consolidated statement of changes in equity and the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the period from 1 January 2017 to 30 June 2017 and the condensed notes, summarizing the significant accounting policies and other explanatory notes.

Management is responsible for the preparation of the condensed interim consolidated financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS's) for Interim Reporting as adopted by the EU.

Our responsibility is to express a conclusion on these condensed interim consolidated financial statements. Our liability towards the Company and towards third parties is limited in accordance with § 87 par 3 Austrian Stock Exchange Act in connection with § 275 par 2 of the Austrian Commerical Code (UGB).

Scope of review

We conducted our review in accordance with Austrian Standards for Chartered Accountants, in particular in compliance with KFS/PG 11 "Principles of Engagements to Review Financial Statements", and with the International Standard on Review Engagements (ISRE 2410) "Review of Interim Financial Information Performed by the Independent Auditor of the Entity". A review of interim financial statements is limited primarily to making inquiries, primarily of Company personnel, responsible for financial and accounting matters, and applying analytical and other review procedures. A review is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with Austrian Standards on Auditing and/or International Standards on Auditing and consequently does not enable us to obtain assurance that we would become aware of all significant matters that might be identified in an audit. Accordingly, we do not express an audit opinion.

Conclusion

Based on our review, nothing came to our attention that causes us to believe that the accompanying condensed interim consolidated financial statements are not prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS's) for Interim Reporting as adopted by the EU.

Statement on the consolidated interim management report for the 6 month period ended 30 June 2017 and on management's statement in accordance with § 87 Austrian Stock Exchange Act (BörseG)

We have read the consolidated interim management report and evaluated whether it does not contain any apparent inconsistencies with the condensed interim consolidated financial statements. Based on our evaluation, the consolidated interim management report does not contain any apparent inconsistencies with the condensed interim consolidated financial statements.

The interim financial information contains the statement by management in accordance with § 87 par. 1 subpar. 3 Austrian Stock Exchange Act.

Vienna, 4 August 2017

Mag. Wilhelm Kovsca

Wirtschaftsprüfer (Austrian Chartered Accountant)

Note: The condensed interim consolidated financial statements together with our review report may be published or transmitted only as agreed by us.

Statement of legal representatives

We confirm to the best of our knowledge that the condensed interim consolidated financial statements give a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and profit or loss of the group as required by the applicable accounting standards and that the semi-annual group management report gives a true and fair view of important events that have occurred during the first six months of the financial year and their impact on the condensed interim financial statements, of the principal risks and uncertainties for the remaining six months of the financial year and of the major related party transactions.

Vienna, 4 August 2017

The Management Board

Johann Strobl

Chief Executive Officer responsible for Group Communications, Group Compliance, Group Digital Banking, Group Human Resources, Group Internal Audit, Group Marketing, Group Regulatory Affairs, Group Strategy, Group Sustainability Management, International Banking Units, Legal Services, Management Secretariat and Group Participations

Martin Grüll

Member of the Management Board responsible for Active Credit Management, Group Investor Relations, Group Planning & Finance, Group Treasury and Tax Management

Peter Lennkh

Member of the Management Board responsible for Corporate Customers, Corporate Finance, Group Corporate Business Strategy & Steering, International Business Support, International Leasing Steering & Product Management and Trade Finance & Transaction Banking

Klemens Breuer

Deputy to the Chief Executive Officer responsible for Group Asset Management, Group Business Management & Development, Group Capital Markets, Group Investment Banking, Institutional Clients, International Consumer & Small Business Banking, International Premium & Private Banking, International Retail Strategy & Products and Raiffeisen Research

Andreas Gschwenter

Member of the Management Board responsible for Group Efficiency Management, Group IT, Group Procurement, Cost & Real Estate Management, Group Project Portfolio & Security and Head Office Operations

Hannes Mösenbacher

Member of the Management Board responsible for Financial Institutions, Country & Portfolio Risk Management, Group Corporate Credit Management, Group Risk Controlling, Group Special Exposures Management, International Retail Risk Management, Risk Excellence & Projects and Sektor Risk Controlling Services

Alternative Performance Measures

The Group uses alternative performance measures in its financial reporting, not defined by IFRS or CRR regulations, to describe RBI Group's financial position and performance. These should not be viewed in isolation, but treated as supplementary information.

For the purpose of the analysis and description of the performance and the financial position these ratios are commonly used within the financial industry. The special items used below to calculate some alternative performance measures arise from the nature of Group's business, i.e. that of a universal banking group. However it is to mention that the definitions mostly deviate. Please find the definitions of these ratios below.

Consolidated return on equity – consolidated profit in relation to average consolidated equity, i.e. the equity attributable to the shareholders of RBI. Average equity is based on monthend figures excluding non-controlling interests and does not include current year profit.

Cost/income ratio is an economic metric and shows the company's costs in relation to its income. The ratio gives a clear view of operational efficiency. Banks use the cost/income ratio as an efficiency measure for steering the bank and for easily comparing its efficiency with other financial institutions. General administrative expenses in relation to operating income is calculated. General administrative expenses comprise staff expenses, other administrative expenses and depreciation/amortization of intangible and tangible fixed assets. Operating income comprises net interest income, net fee and commission income, net trading income and recurring other net operating income (i.e. other net operating income less bank levies, impairments of goodwill, releases of negative goodwill, and profit/loss from banking business due to governmental measures).

Effective tax rate (ETR) gives a good understanding of the tax rate the company faces and simplifies comparison among companies. It will often differ from the company´s jurisdictional tax rate due to many accounting factors. The effective tax rate of a company is the average rate at which its pre-tax profits are taxed. It is calculated by dividing total tax expense (income taxes) by profit before tax. Total tax expense includes current income taxes and deferred taxes.

Loan/deposit ratio indicates a bank's ability to refinance its loans by deposits rather than wholesale funding. It is calculated with loans and advances to customers less impairment losses, in relation to deposits from customers (in each case less claims and obligations from (reverse) repurchase agreements and securities lending).

Loan to local stable funding ratio (LLSFR) – This ratio includes a wider range of refinancing considering further stable funding. LLSFR is used as a measure for the prudence of a bank indicating the local refinancing structure of subsidiary banks. It

is calculated with the sum of total loans and advances to customers less impairment losses on loans and advances to customers, divided by the sum of deposits from non-banks, funding from supranational institutions, capital from third parties and the total outstanding bonds (with an original maturity of at least one year issued by a subsidiary bank to investors outside the bank`s consolidated group).

Net interest margin is used for external comparison with other banks as well as an internal profitability measurement of products and segments. It is caulcauted with net interest income set in relation to average interest-bearing assets (total assets less trading assets and derivatives, intangible fixed assets, tangible fixed assets, and other assets).

NPE – Non-performing exposure. Non-performing loans according to the applicable definition of the EBA document 'Implemnting Technical Standard (ITS) on Supervisory Reporting (Forbearance and non-performing exposures)'.

NPL – Non-performing loans. A loan is classified as nonperforming when it is expected that a specific debtor is unlikely to pay its credit obligations to the bank in full, or the debtor is overdue by 90 days or more on any material credit obligation to the bank (RBI has defined twelve default indicators).

NPE ratio is an economic ratio to demonstrate the proportion of non-performing exposure according to the applicable EBA definition in relation to the entire loan portfolio of customers and banks. The ratio reflects the quality of the loan portfolio of the bank and provides an indicator for the performance of the bank's credit risk management.

NPL ratio is an economic ratio to demonstrate the proportion of loans that have been classified as non-performing in relation to the entire loan portfolio of customers. The ratio reflects the quality of the loan portfolio of the bank and provides an indicator for the performance of the bank's credit risk management.

NPE coverage ratio describes to which extent non-performing exposure have been covered by impairments thus expressing also the ability of a bank to absorb losses from its nonperforming exposure. It is calculated with individual impairment losses on loans and advances to customers and banks set in relation to non-performing exposure to customers and banks.

NPL coverage ratio describes to which extent non-performing loans have been covered by impairments thus expressing also the ability of a bank to absorb losses from its NPL. It is calculated with impairment losses on loans and advances to customers set in relation to non-performing loans to customers.

Operating result is used to describe the operative performance of a bank for the reporting period. It consists of operating income less general administrative expenses.

Operating income – It comprises net interest income, net fee and commission income, net trading income and other net operating income (less bank levies, impairments of goodwill, releases of negative goodwill and profit/loss from banking business due to governmental measures).

Other results – Consists of net income from derivatives and liabilities, net income from financial investments, expenses for bank levies, impairment of goodwill, releases of negative goodwill, net income from disposal of Group assets and profit/loss from banking business due to governmental measures reported under other net operating income.

Provisioning ratio is an indicator for development of risk costs and provisioning policy of an enterprise. It is computed by dividing net provisioning for impairment losses by average loans and advances to customers.

Return on assets (ROA before/after tax) is a profitability ratio and measures how efficiently a company can manage its assets to produce profits during a period. It is computed by dividing profit before tax/after tax by average assets (based on total assets, average means the average of year-end figure and the relevant month´s figures).

Return on equity (ROE before/after tax) provides a profitability measure for both management and investors by expressing the net profit for the period as presented in the income statement as a percentage of the respective underlying (either equity related or asset related). Return on equity demonstrates

the profitability of the bank on the capital invested by its shareholders and thus the success of their investment. Return on equity is a useful measure to easily compare the profitability of a bank with other financial institutions. Return on the total equity including non-controlling interests, i.e. profit before tax respectively after tax in relation to average equity on the statement of financial position. Average equity is calculated on month-end figures including non-controlling interests and does not include current year profit.

Return on risk-adjusted capital (RORAC) is a ratio of a riskadjusted performance management and shows the yield on the risk-adjusted capital (economic capital). The return on riskadjusted capital is computed by dividing consolidated profit by the risk-adjusted capital (i.e. average economic capital). This capital requirement is calculated within the economic capital model for credit, market and operational risk.

Return on tangible equity (ROTE) is used to measure the rate of return on the tangible common equity. It is computed by dividing consolidated profit less depreciation of intangible assets and less impairment of goodwill by average consolidated equity less intangible assets. Average equity is calculated using month-end figures for the period.

Publication details/Disclaimer

Publication details

Publisher: Raiffeisen Bank International AG, Am Stadtpark 9, 1030 Vienna, Austria Editorial team: Group Investor Relations Editorial deadline: 4 August 2017 Production: In-house using Firesys financial reporting system Internet: www.rbinternational.com

This report is also available in German.

Group Investor Relations inquiries: Group Communications inquiries: E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Internet: www.rbinternational.com → Investor Relations Internet: www.rbinternational.com → Public Relations Phone: +43-1-71 707-2089 Phone: +43-1-71 707-1298

Disclaimer

The forecasts, plans and forward-looking statements contained in this report are based on the state of knowledge and assessments of Raiffeisen Bank International AG at the time of its preparation. Like all statements addressing the future, they are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially. No guarantees can therefore be given that the forecasts and targeted values or the forward-looking statements will actually materialize.

This report is for information purposes only and contains neither a recommendation to buy or sell nor an offer of sale or subscription to shares nor does it constitute an invitation to make an offer to sell shares.

This report has been prepared and the data checked with the greatest possible care. Nonetheless, rounding, transmission, typesetting and printing errors cannot be ruled out. In the summing up of rounded amounts and percentages, rounding-off differences may occur. This report was prepared in German. The report in English is a translation of the original German report. The only authentic version is the German version. Raiffeisen Bank International AG is not liable for any losses or similar damages that may occur as a result of or in connection with the use of this report.

www.rbinternational.com

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