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PEGASUS HAVA TAŞIMACILIĞI A.Ş.

Quarterly Report Nov 7, 2025

5947_rns_2025-11-07_60f198f9-430d-46f1-b5c3-b1f958cfec4f.pdf

Quarterly Report

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PEGASUS HAVA TAŞIMACILIĞI ANONİM ŞİRKETİ AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE NINE MONTH PERIOD ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

INDEX PAGE
INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 1-2
INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS AND OTHER
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
3
INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 4
INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS 5
NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 6-40
NOTE 1 ORGANIZATION AND OPERATIONS OF THE GROUP 6
NOTE 2 BASIS OF PRESENTATION OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 6-10
NOTE 3 INVESTMENTS ACCOUNTED FOR USING THE EQUITY METHOD 11
NOTE 4 SEGMENT REPORTING 12
NOTE 5 RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 12-13
NOTE 6 TRADE RECEIVABLES AND PAYABLES OTHER RECEIVABLES 13-14
NOTE 7 PREPAYMENTS, DEFERRED INCOME AND PASSENGER FLIGHT LIABILITIES 15
NOTE 8 PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT 16-17
NOTE 9 INTANGIBLE ASSETS 18
NOTE 10 RIGHT OF USE ASSETS 18
NOTE 11 PROVISIONS, CONTINGENT ASSETS AND LIABILITIES 19
NOTE 12 COMMITMENTS 20-21
NOTE 13 EXPENSES BY NATURE 22
NOTE 14 SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY 22
NOTE 15 REVENUE AND COST OF SALES 23
NOTE 16 GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES AND SELLING AND MARKETING EXPENSES 24
NOTE 17 OTHER OPERATING INCOME AND EXPENSES 24
NOTE 18 INCOME AND EXPENSES FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES 25
NOTE 19 FINANCIAL INCOME AND EXPENSES 25
NOTE 20 EARNINGS PER SHARE 26
NOTE 21 DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 26
NOTE 22 FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 26-31
NOTE 23 NATURE AND LEVEL OF RISKS DERIVING FROM FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 31-34
NOTE 24 FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (FAIR VALUE AND HEDGE ACCOUNTING DISCLOSURES) 35-38
NOTE 25 EVENTS AFTER REPORTING PERIOD 38
NOTE 26 INCOME TAX EXPENSE 39
NOTE 27 EXPLANATIONS RELATED TO STATEMENT OF CASH FLOW 40

INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

Current Period
30 September
Prior Period
31 December
Notes 2025 2024
ASSETS
Current assets 1.734.340.766 1.891.835.243
Cash and cash equivalents 27 1.036.708.210 1.258.979.406
Financial assets 22 370.627.684 302.048.311
Trade receivables 6 91.877.297 73.467.728
Trade receivables from third parties 91.877.297 73.467.728
Other receivables 6 15.018.230 2.892.392
Other receivables from third parties 15.018.230 2.892.392
Derivative financial instruments 21 - 3.963.837
Inventories 44.100.081 41.520.211
Prepayments 7 169.178.176 201.897.122
Current income tax assets 6.652.835 2.327.277
Other current assets 178.253 4.738.959
Non-Current assets 6.247.151.373 5.819.032.995
Financial assets 22 141.346.381 125.770.276
Other receivables 6 79.262.127 84.911.131
Other receivables from third parties 79.262.127 84.911.131
Investments accounted by using the equity method 3 20.719.664 21.115.937
Property and equipment 8 521.918.783 470.967.606
Intangible assets 9 31.903.634 24.046.619
Right of use assets 10 4.383.228.259 4.172.222.342
Prepayments 7 697.191.610 493.115.950
Deferred tax assets 371.580.915 426.883.134
TOTAL ASSETS 7.981.492.139 7.710.868.238

INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

Notes Current Period
30 September
2025
Prior Period
31 December
2024
LIABILITIES
Current liabilities 1.537.841.734 1.482.289.523
Short term borrowings 22 235.611.463 172.048.659
Short term portion of long term borrowings 22 60.430.537 218.212.572
Short term portion of long term lease liabilities 22 438.027.373 405.833.468
Trade payables 6 300.605.476 216.174.134
Trade payables to related parties 5 1.202.578 1.194.536
Trade payables to third parties 299.402.898 214.979.598
Employee benefit obligations 33.746.327 14.704.364
Other payables 6 21.149.898 12.519.590
Other payables to third parties 21.149.898 12.519.590
Contract liabilities 7 311.415.848 333.941.687
Derivative financial instruments 21 12.828.951 4.645.693
Deferred income 7 73.104.735 40.016.533
Short term provisions 50.921.126 64.192.823
Short term provisions for employee benefits 16.507.547 62.635.867
Other short term provisions 34.413.579 1.556.956
Non-Current liabilities 4.127.054.459 4.189.573.178
Long term borrowings 22 493.235.000 469.797.544
Long term lease liabilities 22 3.281.103.440 3.260.356.410
Derivative financial instruments 21 508.628 364.343
Deferred income 7 201.315.176 202.964.552
Long term provisions 150.892.215 256.090.329
Long term provisions for employee benefits 53.794.445 48.123.147
Other long term provisions 97.097.770 207.967.182
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY 2.316.595.946 2.039.005.537
Paid-in share capital 14 230.037.951 230.037.951
Share premiums on capital stock 24.595.488 24.595.488
Other comprehensive income/expense
not to be reclassified to profit or loss
Actuarial losses on defined benefit plans (4.364.597) (4.263.048)
Other comprehensive income/expense
to be reclassified to profit or loss
Currency translation differences 7.011.677 8.451.525
Hedge fund (10.003.184) (3.757.527)
Gain on financial assets measured at fair value 740.303 1.816.800
Restricted profit reserves 4.047.406 4.047.406
Retained earnings 1.778.076.942 1.416.584.246
Net income for the period 286.453.960 361.492.696
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY 7.981.492.139 7.710.868.238

INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

1 January-
1 January-
1 July -
Profit or loss
Notes
30 September 2025 30 September 2024 30 September 2025 30 September 2024
1 5
2.600.637.236
2.373.341.712
1.102.952.451
Revenue
Cost of sales (-)
1 5
(2.096.205.703)
(1.806.420.840)
(776.161.032)
Gross profit
504.431.533
566.920.872
326.791.419
General administrative expenses (-)
1 6
(74.062.468)
(57.423.483)
(28.615.851)
Selling and marketing expenses (-)
(55.724.470)
(48.269.994)
(19.658.512)
1 6
Other operating income
1 7
324.106
422.705
(15.226)
Other operating expenses (-)
(141.914.696)
(19.136.331)
(14.811.688)
1 7
Operating profit
233.054.005
442.513.769
263.690.142
Income from investing activities
1 8
59.153.403
39.109.669
13.969.551
Expenses from investing activities (-)
(33.566)
(6.227.904)
(10.907)
1 8
Share of investments income accounted for
using the equity method
3
2.388.623
1.812.701
860.155
Operating profit before financial expense
294.562.465
477.208.235
278.508.941
Financial income
1 9
240.062.051
46.775.852
26.086.476
Financial expense (-)
1 9
(190.395.728)
(201.549.475)
(61.623.251)
Profit/(loss) before tax
344.228.788
322.434.612
242.972.166
Tax income/(expense)
(57.774.828)
(12.213.485)
(16.311.426)
Deferred tax income/(expense)
2 6
(57.774.828)
(12.213.485)
(16.311.426)
Net profit for the period
286.453.960
310.221.127
226.660.740
Income/(loss) per share EUR cents
2 0
0,57
0,62
0,45
Other comprehensive income
Items not to be reclassified to profit or loss
Actuarial (losses) / gains on defined benefit plans
(135.399)
(1.038.993)
141.858
Deferred tax effect
33.850
259.748
(35.465)
Items to be reclassified to profit or loss
Currency translation differences
(1.439.848)
127.496
(42.249)
Gain on financial assets measured at fair value
(1.435.330)
1.362.458
(252.772)
Cash flow hedge
(8.327.543)
(7.966.004)
5.027.841
Deferred tax effect
2.440.719
1.650.886
(1.193.766)
Other comprehensive income / (expense)
(8.863.551)
(5.604.409)
3.645.447
Current Period Prior Period Current Period Prior Period
1 July -
1.091.401.249
(692.605.390)
398.795.859
(22.926.347)
(18.572.937)
136.209
(26.543.964)
330.888.820
10.030.871
(163.679)
575.724
341.331.736
66.231.680
(71.702.094)
335.861.322
(34.677.098)
(34.677.098)
301.184.224
0,60
(83.302)
20.826
(628.090)
1.822.699
(23.583.951)
5.440.313
(17.011.505)
Total comprehensive income / (expense) 277.590.409 304.616.718 230.306.187 284.172.719

INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed in full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

Other comprehensive Other comprehensive
income items income items
not to be reclassified to be reclassified to
to profit or loss profit or loss Retained earnings
Share Gain on financial Restricted Net
Paid in premiums on Actuarial gains/(losses) Currency translation Hedge assets measured at profit Retained profit/(loss) for Shareholders'
share capital capital stock on defined benefit plans differences reserve fair value reserves earnings the year equity
As at 1 January 2024 EUR 60.544.134 194.089.305 (3.254.102) 8.808.787 (3.990.862) 1.483.652 4.047.406 626.643.772 789.940.474 1.678.312.566
Transfers EUR 169.493.817 (169.493.817) - - - - - 789.940.474 (789.940.474) -
Net profit/(loss) for the period EUR - - - - - - - - 310.221.127 310.221.127
Other comprehensive income / (expense) EUR - - (779.245) 127.496 (5.974.503) 1.021.843 - - - (5.604.409)
As at 30 September 2024 EUR 230.037.951 24.595.488 (4.033.347) 8.936.283 (9.965.365) 2.505.495 4.047.406 1.416.584.246 310.221.127 1.982.929.284
As at 1 January 2025 EUR 230.037.951 24.595.488 (4.263.048) 8.451.525 (3.757.527) 1.816.800 4.047.406 1.416.584.246 361.492.696 2.039.005.537
Transfers EUR - - - - - - - 361.492.696 (361.492.696) -
Net profit/(loss) for the period EUR - - - - - - - - 286.453.960 286.453.960
Other comprehensive income / (expense) EUR - - (101.549) (1.439.848) (6.245.657) (1.076.497) - - - (8.863.551)
As at 30 September 2025 EUR 230.037.951 24.595.488 (4.364.597) 7.011.677 (10.003.184) 740.303 4.047.406 1.778.076.942 286.453.960 2.316.595.946

Within the registered capital ceiling of EUR 230.037.951, the Company's issued capital amounting to EUR 60.544.134 was increased by EUR 169.493.817 to EUR 230.037.951, all of which was covered from the amounts in the " Share Premiums on Capital Stock" account, and capital increase was registered with the Trade Registry on May 30, 2024.

INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

A. CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Income/(loss) for the period
286.453.960
310.221.127
Adjustments to reconcile the income/(loss)
Depreciation and amortization
8-9-10
306.698.333
249.382.550
Adjustments related with impairments
(1.096.926)
6.152.882
Provision for doubtful receivable
175.248
(75.022)
Adjustments related with financial investment impairments
(1.272.174)
6.227.904
Adjustments related with provisions
34.177.524
44.648.484
Provision for employee benefits
31.302.955
44.135.962
Legal provision
2.874.569
512.522
Interest and commission income
90.544.559
131.759.953
Adjustments related with fair value expense (income)
842.526
(1.645.733)
Adjustments related with fair value expense (income) of financial assets
(1.645.733)
842.526
Gain on equity investments accounted for using the equity method
3
(2.388.623)
(1.812.701)
Current tax (income)/expense
57.774.828
12.213.485
Adjustments for (income)/expense caused by sale or changes in share of joint ventures
(1.138.222)
Other provisions related with investing or financing activities
(38.455.949)
(15.525.840)
Changes in working capital
Increase in trade receivables
(18.584.817)
(29.521.619)
Increase in other receivables, prepayments and other assets
(49.637.930)
(108.382.776)
Increase in inventories
(2.579.870)
(4.065.707)
Increase in trade payables
84.431.342
56.521.035
Increase in deferred income, other payables and other current liabilities
(24.232.806)
118.271.390
Net cash generated from operating activities
722.807.929
768.216.530
Payment for the employee benefits provisions
(71.808.504)
Payment for other provisions
(1.714.119)
649.285.306
B. CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Net cash changes from acquisition and sale of debt instruments of other entities
(128.582.462)
Net cash changes from purchase and
sale of property, equipment and intangible assets
(58.110.216)
Interest received from financial investment
46.097.030
Changes in cash advances and payables
(192.582.971)
Other cash changes (*)
(866.286)
(334.044.905)
C. CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Increase in borrowings
296.200.607
Repayment of borrowings
(291.917.043)
Repayment of principal in lease liabilities
(296.951.385)
Interest and commission paid
(186.908.778)
Interest received
47.847.740
(431.728.859)
NET DECREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
BEFORE TRANSLATION EFFECT (A+B+C)
(116.488.458)
D. TRANSLATION DIFFERENCES EFFECT ON CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
(105.782.738)
NET (DECREASE) / INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS (A+B+C+D)
(222.271.196)
E. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT THE BEGINNING OF THE PERIOD
AT THE BEGINNING OF THE PERIOD
2 7
1.258.979.406
Notes Current Period
1 January-
Prior Period
1 January
30 September 2025 30 September 2024
-
(27.642.310)
(27.747)
740.546.473
(2.624.554)
63.582.380
33.062.751
(141.583.462)
273.013.992
225.451.107
556.110.541
(346.613.064)
(256.813.807)
(196.293.675)
36.443.069
(207.166.936)
758.830.644
(15.102.303)
743.728.341
493.596.374
AT THE END OF THE PERIOD (A+B+C+D+E)
2 7
1.036.708.210
1.237.324.715

(*) The change in time deposits with a maturity of more than three months, classified as financial investments, has been presented.

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE 1 - ORGANIZATION AND OPERATIONS OF THE GROUP

Pegasus Hava Taşımacılığı A.Ş. (the "Company" or "Pegasus") and its subsidiaries (together "the Group") is a low cost airline company. The Group operates under a low cost business model and employs low cost airline business practices which focus on providing affordable, reliable and simple service.

The shareholders and ownership of the Company as of 30 September 2025 and 31 December 2024 are as follows:

30 September 2025 31 December 2024
Esas Holding A.Ş. ("Esas Holding") 52,81% 52,81%
Publicly held 45,37% 45,37%
Sabancı Family Members 1,82% 1,82%
Total 100,00% 100,00%

Shares of the Company have been started to be traded in İstanbul Stock Exchange since 26 April 2013, after the book building between the dates of 18-19 April 2013.

The Group's total number of full time employees as of 30 September 2025 is 9.223 (31 December 2024: 8.459). The address of its principal office is Aeropark Yenişehir Mah. Osmanlı Bulvarı No: 11/A Kurtköy-Pendik İstanbul.

Approval of Financial Statements

The interim condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries for the nine months ended 30 September 2025 were authorised for issue in accordance with a resolution of the Board of Directors on 7 November 2025.

NOTE 2 - BASIS OF PRESENTATION OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

2.1 Basis of Presentation

Financial reporting standards

The interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis except for certain financial instruments that are measured at fair values. The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements are based on the statutory records, with adjustments and reclassifications for the purpose of fair presentation in accordance with IFRS.

The interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, assuming that the Group will continue to utilize its assets effectively and meet its obligations in the normal course of business operations.

Functional and Presentation Currency

Although there is no prominent currency affecting revenue and cost of sales, the Company's functional currency is determined as Euro because; significant portion of scheduled flight revenues, which represents the Company's primary operations, is generated from European flights, Euro represents a significant component of the financial liabilities of the Company and management reports and budget enabling the Company's management to make executive decisions are prepared in Euro. The functional currency of the Company, its subsidiary and associates, other than Hitit Bilgisayar Hizmetleri A.Ş. ("Hitit Bilgisayar"), Pegasus Innovation Lab, Inc. ("PIL") and Pegasus Airlines Ventures LP ("PAV") is Euro. Hitit Bilgisayar's, PIL's and PAV's functional currency is US Dollar.

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE 2 - BASIS OF PRESENTATION OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (cont'd)

2.1 Basis of Presentation (cont'd)

Functional and Presentation Currency (cont'd)

For the companies in Türkiye that maintain financial records in TL, currency translation from TL to the functional currency Euro is made under the framework described below:

  • Monetary assets and liabilities have been converted to the functional currency with the Central Bank of Turkish Republic (CBRT) foreign exchange rate.
  • Non-monetary items have been converted into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing at the transaction date.
  • Profit or loss accounts have been converted into the functional currency using the exchange rates at the transaction date, except for depreciation expenses.
  • The capital is followed according to historical costs.

The translation differences resulting from the above mentioned conversions are recognized under financial income / expenses in the statement of profit or loss.

Financial Reporting in Hyperinflationary Economies

In accordance with the POA's announcement dated 23 November 2023, companies applying International Financial Reporting Standards are required to present their financial statements for the annual reporting periods ending on or after 31 December 2024, adjusted for the effects of inflation in accordance with the relevant accounting principles in International Accounting Standard 29 "Financial Reporting in Hyperinflationary Economies" (IAS 29). Since the Company's functional currency is Euro as of the reporting date, there is no need to make any adjustments within the scope of IAS 29 in its financial statements to be prepared in accordance with IFRS. However, the financial statements as of 30 September 2025 and 31 December 2024 are prepared in accordance with the Tax Law, have been subject to inflation correction in accordance with the legislation.

Comparative Information and Reclassification of Prior Period Financial Statements

Consolidated financial statements of Group are prepared in comparison to prior period in order to identify financial position and performance trends. In order to maintain consistency with current period consolidated financial statements, comparative information is reclassified and material changes are disclosed if necessary. Group has not made any reclassification in the prior period consolidated financial statements in order to maintain consistency with current period consolidated financial statements.

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE 2 - BASIS OF PRESENTATION OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (cont'd)

2.1 Basis of Presentation (cont'd)

Basis of Consolidation

The following table illustrates the condensed consolidated subsidiaries and the Group's ownership percentage in these subsidiaries as of 30 September 2025 and 31 December 2024:

Ownership rate Country of
Name of the company
Pegasus Havacılık
Principal activity
Simulator technical
30 September
2025
31 December 2024 registration and
operation
Teknolojileri ve
Ticaret A.Ş.
support and
maintenance
100% 100% Türkiye
Pegasus Airlines
Innovation Lab, Inc.
Technology

R&D
100% 100% USA
Pegasus Airlines
Ventures LP
(*)
Technology

R&D
100% 0% USA

(*) Pegasus Airlines Ventures LP, in which the Group holds a 100% ownership stake, was incorporated in the United States as of August 20, 2025, to evaluate investment opportunities in innovative technology and software solution ventures focused on the practical application of artificial intelligence in air transportation, with a capital amount of USD 1,000,000.

The following table illustrates the affiliates and joint ventures then indicates the Group's ownership percentage in these joint ventures as of 30 September 2025, 31 December 2024:

Ownership rate Country of
Principal 30
September
31 December Ownership registration and
Name of the company activity 2025 2024 type operation
Pegasus Uçuş Eğitim Simulator Joint
Merkezi A.Ş. ("PUEM")
(**)
training - 49,40% venture Türkiye
Information
system Joint
Hitit Bilgisayar solutions 36,20% 36,82% venture Türkiye

(**) The liquidation process of PUEM, in which the Company held a 49.40% stake, was completed and the entity was deregistered from the trade registry as of February 27, 2025.

2.2 Changes in Accounting Estimates

Changes in accounting estimates are applied prospectively. If the change is effective for a specific period, it impacts only that period. If they relates to future periods, they are recognized prospectively both in the current period and in the future period. Significant errors identified by the Group in the accounting estimates are applied retrospectively and prior period financial statements are restated. The Group has not made any changes in accounting estimates in the current reporting period.

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE 2 - BASIS OF PRESENTATION OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (cont'd)

2.3 New and Amended Turkish Financial Reporting Standards

a) Amendments that are mandatorily effective from 2025

Amendments to IAS 21 Lack of Exchangeability

The amendments contain guidance to specify when a currency is exchangeable and how to determine the exchange rate when it is not. Amendments are effective from annual reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2025.

The Group evaluates the effects of these standards, amendments and improvements on the consolidated financial statements. The Group is in the process of assessing the impact of the amendments on financial position or performance of the Group.

b) New and revised IFRSs in issue but not yet effective

The Group has not yet adopted the following standards and amendments and interpretations to the existing standards:

Amendments to IFRS 9 and IFRS 7 Amendments IFRS 9 and IFRS 7 regarding the classification and

measurement of financial instruments

Amendments IFRS 9 and IFRS 7 Regarding power purchase arrangements

IFRS 18 Presentation and Disclosures in Financial Statements IFRS 19 Subsidiaries without Public Accountability: Disclosure

Annual Improvements Annual Improvements to IFRS Accounting Standards - Volume 11

Amendments to IFRS 19 Subsidiaries without Public Accountability: Disclosures

Amendments IFRS 9 and IFRS 7 regarding the classification and measurement of financial instruments

The amendments address matters identified during the post-implementation review of the classification and measurement requirements of IFRS 9 Financial Instruments. Annual reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2026.

Amendments IFRS 9 and IFRS 7 regarding power purchase arrangements

The amendments aim at enabling entities to include information in their financial statements that in the IASB's view more faithfully represents contracts referencing nature-dependent electricity. Annual reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2026.

IFRS 18 Presentation and Disclosures in Financial Statements

IFRS 18 includes requirements for all entities applying IFRS for the presentation and disclosure of information in financial statements. Applicable to annual reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2027.

IFRS 19 Subsidiaries without Public Accountability: Disclosure

IFRS 19 specifies the disclosure requirements an eligible subsidiary is permitted to apply instead of the disclosure requirements in other IFRS Accounting Standards. Applicable to annual reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2027.

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE 2 - BASIS OF PRESENTATION OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (cont'd)

2.3 New and Amended Turkish Financial Reporting Standards (cont'd)

b) New and revised IFRSs in issue but not yet effective (cont'd)

Annual Improvements to IFRS Accounting Standards - Volume 11

The pronouncement comprises the following amendments:

  • IFRS 1: Hedge accounting by a first-time adopter
  • IFRS 7: Gain or loss on derecognition
  • IFRS 7: Disclosure of deferred difference between fair value and transaction price
  • IFRS 7: Introduction and credit risk disclosures
  • IFRS 9: Lessee derecognition of lease liabilities
  • IFRS 9: Transaction price
  • IFRS 10: Determination of a 'de facto agent'
  • IAS 7: Cost method

Annual reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2026.

Amendments to IFRS 19 Subsidiaries without Public Accountability: Disclosures

The amendments cover new or amended IFRS Accounting Standards issued between 28 February 2021 and 1 May 2024 that were not considered when IFRS 19 was first issued. Annual reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2027.

2.4 Seasonality on Operations

Due to seasonality of air passenger transportation, it's expected to incur higher revenues in the second and third quarter of the year compared to the first and forth quarter. Besides, as a result of higher sales with the effect of summer season and growth in operations of the Company, trade receivables increased as of 30 September 2025 compared to last year-end.

2.5 Going Concern

The Group has prepared its financial statements in accordance with the going concern principle.

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE 3 - INVESTMENTS ACCOUNTED FOR USING THE EQUITY METHOD

The details of investments accounted for using the equity method are as follows:

30 September 2025 31 December 2024
Joint ventures
Hitit Bilgisayar 20.719.664 21.115.937
20.719.664 21.115.937

Total profit from investments accounted for using the equity method is as follows:

1 January- 1 January- 1 July - 1 July -
30 September 2025 30 September 2024 30 September 2025 30 September 2024
Hitit Bilgisayar 2.388.623 1.930.198 860.155 649.892
PUEM - (117.497) - (74.168)
Net profit 2.388.623 1.812.701 860.155 575.724

The summarized financial information of the investment accounted by using the equity method is as follows:

Hitit Bilgisayar

30 September 2025 31 December 2024
Current assets 21.274.365 24.590.146
Non-current assets 49.143.983 46.605.202
Current liabilities (9.025.976) (10.381.617)
Non-current liabilities (4.442.245) (3.781.199)
Net assets of joint venture 56.950.127 57.032.532
Group's ownership interest in the joint venture
0
36,20% 36,82%
Goodwill 103.718 116.559
Group's share in the net assets of the joint venture 20.719.664 21.115.937
1 January-
30 September 2025
1 January
30 September 2024
Revenue 27.864.050 22.312.371
Depreciation and amortisation expense (5.683.836) (4.091.862)
Interest income/(expense), net 3.162.742 729.344
Profit for the year 6.487.297 5.242.253
Group's weighted average ownership interest 36,82% 36,82%
Group's share in the net profit of the joint venture 2.388.623 1.930.198

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE 4 - SEGMENT REPORTING

The Group is managed as a single business unit that provides low fares airline-related services, including scheduled services, charter services, ancillary services and other services. The Group's Chief Operating Decision Maker is the Board of Directors. The resource allocation decisions are based on the entire network and the deployment of the entire aircraft fleet. The objective in making resource allocation decisions is to maximise consolidated financial results, rather than results on individual routes within the network. All other assets and liabilities have been allocated to the Group's single reportable segment.

NOTE 5 - RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

The ultimate parent and controlling party of the Group is Esas Holding. The Group has a number of operating and financial relationships with its shareholders and other entities owned by its shareholders (which will be referred to as " other related parties" below). The related party receivables and payables resulting from operating activities are generally not secured and interest free.

(i) Balances with Related Parties:

a) Trade payables to related parties

30 September 2025 31 December 2024
Balances with joint ventures:
Hitit Bilgisayar 1.070.596 1.078.540
Balances with other related parties:
Esasburda İnşaat
Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş. ("Esasburda")
6.180 25.774
Ere Avm İnşaat
A.Ş. ("Ere Avm")
125.802 90.222
1.202.578 1.194.536

(ii) Significant Transactions with Related Parties:

Until May 2024 , the Group leased their head office building from Esasburda, another Esas Holding subsidiary. Esasburda also charged dues, electricity, water and heating expenses for the head office, which is disclosed within "purchases of goods and services" section below.

The Group receives software and software support services from Hitit Bilgisayar that provides information system solutions for transportation industry.

The Group receives health services from Alarm Sağlık.

The Group receives project consultancy services from Ere Avm İnşaat for the hangar project.

a) Purchases of goods or services

1 January-
30 September 2025
1 January-
30 September 2024
1 July -
30 September 2025
1 July -
30 September 2024
Transactions with joint ventures:
Hitit Bilgisayar 6.442.400 5.377.226 2.137.532 1.923.618
Transactions with other related parties:
Ere Avm 1.131.125 - 251.725 -
Esasburda 105.424 492.242 - 183.298
Alarm Sağlık - 22.946 - 5.451
Other 1.941 262 1.941 -
7.680.890 5.892.676 2.391.198 2.112.367

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE 5 - RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (cont'd)

(ii) Significant Transactions with Related Parties: (cont'd)

b) Lease expenses

1 January- 1 January- 1 July - 1 July -
30 September 2025 30 September 2024 30 September 2025 30 September 2024
Esasburda (*) - 317.004 - -
- 317.004 - -

(*) Lease expenses are recorded as depreciation and interest under IFRS 16 leases standard. Amounts presented above represent issued invoices. In May 2024, the Group decided to purchase the office building which is the basis of the lease expense. The transactions in this context have been mediated by a bank for the financing of the purchase and the Company will obtain ownership of the building from the bank at the end of the three-year lease period.

(iii) Compensation of Key Management Personnel:

Key management personnel include members of the board of directors, general managers and assistant general managers. The remuneration of key management paid during the period ended 30 September 2025 and 30 September 2024 are as follows:

1 January- 1 January- 1 July - 1 July -
30 September 2025 30 September 2024 30 September 2025 30 September 2024
Salaries and benefits 13.682.980 4.582.576 4.731.047 456.020
13.682.980 4.582.576 4.731.047 456.020

NOTE 6 – TRADE RECEIVABLES AND PAYABLES AND OTHER RECEIVABLES

Short term trade receivables

The details of short term trade receivables as of 30 September 2025 and 31 December 2024 are as follows:

30 September 2025 31 December 2024
Trade receivables 52.977.069 41.528.451
Credit card receivables 41.264.240 32.630.019
Income accruals 1.555.853 3.310.224
95.797.162 77.468.694
Allowance for credit risk adjustment under TFRS 9 (3.919.865) (4.000.966)
91.877.297 73.467.728

The average collection period of trade receivables is approximately 16 days (31 December 2024: 19 days).

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE 6 – TRADE RECEIVABLES AND PAYABLES AND OTHER RECEIVABLES (cont'd)

Short term trade payables

The details of short term trade payables as of 30 September 2025 and 31 December 2024 are as follows:

30 September 2025 31 December 2024
Trade payables 80.392.874 132.529.077
Accrued direct operational costs 219.010.024 82.450.521
Trade payables to related parties (Note 5) 1.202.578 1.194.536
300.605.476 216.174.134

The average payment period of trade payables is approximately 32 days (31 December 2024: 30 days).

Short term other receivables

The details of short term other receivables as of 30 September 2025 and 31 December 2024 are as follows:

30 September 2025 31 December 2024
Deposits and guarantees given (*) 6.405.552 1.415.373
Receivables from pilots for flight training 5.468.929 284.615
Receivables from tax office 726.971 724.261
Other receivables 2.416.778 468.143
15.018.230 2.892.392

(*) The amount of EUR 4.929.800 in deposits given, consists of guarantees given to the banks regarding the valuation of derivative transactions.

Long term other receivables

The details of long term other receivables as of 30 September 2025 and 31 December 2024 are as follows:

30 September 2025 31 December 2024
Receivables from pilot trainings 39.430.520 42.738.065
Deposits given 39.831.607 42.173.066
79.262.127 84.911.131
Short term other payables 30 September 2025 31 December 2024
Taxes payables 13.019.297 10.170.687
Deposits received 8.130.601 2.348.903
21.149.898 12.519.590

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE 7 - PREPAYMENTS, DEFERRED INCOME AND CONTRACT LIABILITIES

The details of prepayments as of 30 September 2025 and 31 December 2024 are as follows:

Short term prepayments

30 September 2025 31 December 2024
Advances on aircraft purchases 70.551.679 122.857.877
Advances to suppliers 87.197.873 51.230.811
Prepaid insurance expenses 4.604.524 18.002.352
Other prepaid expenses 6.824.100 9.806.082
169.178.176 201.897.122
Long term prepayments
30 September 2025 31 December 2024
137.972.024 57.215.071
Advances on aircraft purchases 559.207.392 435.654.062
Prepaid maintenance expenses
Other prepaid expenses
12.194 246.817

Deferred Income

Contract Liabilities

The details of passenger flight liabilities as of 30 September 2025 and 31 December 2024 are as follows:

30 September 2025 31 December 2024
Flight liability from ticket sales 194.454.317 218.926.889
Passenger airport fees received from customers (*) 73.716.567 73.165.429
Flight liability from flight points 43.244.964 41.849.369
311.415.848 333.941.687

(*) Passenger airport fees received from customers is included in the ticket price, but it is not recognized as revenue when the flight carried out. The amount represents the costs to be paid to airport operators and authorities in cash.

Deferred income (excluding contract liabilities)

Short term deferred income

30 September 2025 31 December 2024
Advances received from customers 40.178.538 27.513.947
Other deferred income 32.926.197 12.502.586
73.104.735 40.016.533
Long term deferred income
30 September 2025 31 December 2024
Deferred income (**) 201.315.176 202.964.552
201.315.176 202.964.552

(**) Long term deferred income represent discounts received in advance from supplier contracts.

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE 8 - PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

Components,
Machinery Motor Furniture
and
Leasehold spare engine Owned Construction
30
September
2025
and
equipment
vehicles fixtures improvements and
repairables
Aircraft in
progress
Total
Cost:
Opening 35.481.715 27.496.286 41.168.819 13.821.667 373.458.634 286.150.383 9.424.254 787.001.758
Additions 995.085 2.376.109 4.502.740 5.360 68.696.389 362.353 34.766.588 111.704.624
Transfers
(*)
- - - - (22.190.061) - - (22.190.061)
Closing 36.476.800 29.872.395 45.671.559 13.827.027 419.964.962 286.512.736 44.190.842 876.516.321
Accumulated
depreciation:
Opening (15.096.358) (10.151.943) (29.459.673) (13.358.614) (102.323.065) (145.644.499) - (316.034.152)
Depreciation
for
the
year
(1.755.600) (2.135.323) (2.371.226) (75.988) (21.755.824) (10.469.425) - (38.563.386)
Closing (16.851.958) (12.287.266) (31.830.899) (13.434.602) (124.078.889) (156.113.924) - (354.597.538)
Net
book
value
19.624.842 17.585.129 13.840.660 392.425 295.886.073 130.398.812 44.190.842 521.918.783

(*) Transfers at "components, spare engine and repairables" represent derecognition of components that are used as part of delivery maintenance provisions.

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE 8 - PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT (cont'd)

30
September
2024
Machinery
equipment
and
Motor
vehicles
Furniture
and
fixtures
Leasehold
improvements
Components,
spare engine
repairables
and
Owned
Aircraft
Construction
in
Total
progress
Cost:
Opening 33.882.470 22.022.783 36.102.691 13.466.158 205.052.745 275.625.690 8.071.106 594.223.643
Additions 1.104.658 2.555.449 4.525.974 95.888 161.387.839 5.847.917 512.453 176.030.178
Transfers
(*)
- - - - (31.750.976) - - (31.750.976)
Closing 34.987.128 24.578.232 40.628.665 13.562.046 334.689.608 281.473.607 8.583.559 738.502.845
Accumulated
depreciation:
Opening (12.882.366) (8.843.803) (26.613.317) (13.273.790) (81.576.702) (132.444.241) - (275.634.219)
Depreciation
for
the
year
(1.643.061) (1.460.735) (2.135.952) (66.437) (15.252.905) (9.731.158) - (30.290.248)
Closing (14.525.427) (10.304.538) (28.749.269) (13.340.227) (96.829.607) (142.175.399) - (305.924.467)
Net
book
value
20.461.701 14.273.694 11.879.396 221.819 237.860.001 139.298.208 8.583.559 432.578.378

(*) Transfers at "components, spare engine and repairables" represent derecognition of components that are used as part of delivery maintenance provisions.

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE
9
-
INTANGIBLE ASSETS
------------------------------------- --
Software 30 September 2025 30 September 2024
Cost:
Opening 64.273.293 52.619.528
Additions 14.875.749 7.450.473
Closing 79.149.042 60.070.001
Accumulated amortization:
Opening (40.226.674) (32.864.322)
Amortization for the year (7.018.734) (5.484.499)
Closing (47.245.408) (38.348.821)
Net book value 31.903.634 21.721.180

NOTE 10 – RIGHT OF USE ASSETS

30 September 2025 Field Rental Building Aircraft Other Total
Cost:
Opening 14.570.782 24.733.613 5.219.572.081 311.363 5.259.187.839
Additions 10.581.580 - 508.772.742 - 519.354.322
Disposals (*) - - (74.052.284) - (74.052.284)
Closing 25.152.362 24.733.613 5.654.292.539 311.363 5.704.489.877
Accumulated depreciation:
Opening (13.340.574) (396.120) (1.072.917.440) (311.363) (1.086.965.497)
Depreciation for the period (2.284.981) (463.755) (258.367.477) - (261.116.213)
Disposals (*) - - 26.820.092 - 26.820.092
Closing (15.625.555) (859.875) (1.304.464.825) (311.363) (1.321.261.618)
Net book value 9.526.807 23.873.738 4.349.827.714 - 4.383.228.259
(*) Aircraft which are sold presented as disposals.
30 September 2024 Field Rental Building Aircraft Other Total
Cost:
Opening 14.570.782 7.785.814 4.552.802.090 311.363 4.575.470.049
Additions - 24.066.431 723.332.152 - 747.398.583
Disposals (*) - (7.785.815) (413.719.549) - (421.505.364)
Closing 14.570.782 24.066.430 4.862.414.693 311.363 4.901.363.268
Accumulated depreciation:
Opening (11.292.007) (4.952.114) (1.074.263.186) (311.363) (1.090.818.670)
Depreciation for the period (2.363.588) (740.995) (210.503.218) - (213.607.801)
Disposals (*) - 6.451.103 277.274.312 - 283.725.415
Transfers 1.001.744 (1.001.744) - - -
Closing (12.653.851) (243.750) (1.007.492.092) (311.363) (1.020.701.056)
Net book value 1.916.931 23.822.680 3.854.922.601 - 3.880.662.212

(*) Aircraft which are sold presented as disposals.

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE 11 - PROVISIONS, CONTINGENT ASSETS AND LIABILITIES

Litigation

The Group is involved in lawsuits and claims that have been filed against, the total claims constituted by which, excluding reserved rights for claiming excess amounts, risk of litigation and interest, is EUR 4.669.129 as of 30 September 2025 (31 December 2024: EUR 5.093.269). These lawsuits and fines have been evaluated by the Group's management and a litigation provision of EUR 2.206.511 (31 December 2024: EUR 1.556.956) has been provided against claims for which management believes it is probable it will be required to make a payment.

Tax Inspection

The Company's VAT transactions regarding loyalty card practices in year 2018 have been examined in 2020. The Company have been notified with a report stating "no subject to be examined have been found" in May 2021. However the report evaluation commission has objected this verdict and EUR 51.165 (equivalent of TL 1.780.660) tax assessment has been declared to the Company. Against the assessment, the Company filed a tax lawsuit on September 6, 2021, the petition of the counter party was received on October 25, 2021 and the petition was answered on November 23, 2021. The 7th Tax Court of Istanbul decided to accept our case and reject all assessments on June 29, 2022, and the defendant Revenue Administration objected to the decision in August and submitted the petition of appeal to the Tax Court. The petition of appeal was notified to Company on September 28, 2022 and this petition answered within one month. Following the rejection of the opposite party's appeal, this time an appeal was made, and the defendant's appeal was served in April 2023. This petition was also answered by the Company within the time limit. The said lawsuit continues as of September 30, 2025. The Company has not recognized any provision in the consolidated financial statements in line with the opinions received from its lawyers regarding the aforementioned case.

Passenger Service Fee

T&T Havalimanı İşletmeciliği İnşaat Sanayi ve Ticaret Şirketi Limited filed three lawsuits against the Company before North Cyprus Lefkoşa Court of First Instance with claims of EUR 765.689, EUR 988.985 and EUR 475.031, respectively. All three lawsuits act on same claims and the airports no. 5/2013 whereby the plaintiff, as the operator of the Ercan Airport under North Cyprus Airports Services and Charges Law, claims EUR 15 passenger service fee for each Turkish Army Staff member traveling on the Company flights for the period between March 2013 and August 2020. Turkish Army Staff departing from North Cyprus are subject to an exemption from this fee under the law. The plaintiff's argument is based on the assumption that the Company has not carried any Turkish Army Staff members in this period of time. The Court of First Instance merged the first two lawsuits and rendered a judgment against the Company for a total principal payment obligation of EUR 1.679.114. No decision has yet been issued regarding the third lawsuit. The Company is of the opinion that it is legally impossible to obtain the requested documents related to the transported passengers from the relevant public authorities, and that the responsibility for implementing the requested additional inspections lies with the operating plaintiff. A legal appeal process has been initiated against the unfavorable first-instance court decision. In prior reporting periods, no provisions were recognized in relation to these cases, as the claims were not supported by concrete evidence and were based on unreasonable assumptions. Following the Company's appeal, upon the approval of the first-instance court's decision as of April 18, 2025, the payment related to the first two consolidated case files, amounting to a principal of EUR 1.679.114, was made together with interest and a provision corresponding to the claimed amount has been recognized for the ongoing third lawsuit as of the end of the interim period ended September 30, 2025.

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE 12 - COMMITMENTS

Purchase Commitments

30 September 2025 31 December 2024
Commitments to purchase aircraft 24.734.943.062 29.164.611.749
24.734.943.062 29.164.611.749

As of 30 September 2025, the Group holds the right to purchase 143 aircraft on firm order. In accordance with agreement the expected deliveries are 8 aircraft in 2026, 13 aircraft in 2027, 20 aircraft in 2028, 23 aircraft in 2029, 16 aircraft in 2030, 17 aircraft in 2031, 16 aircraft in 2032, 15 aircraft in 2033, 15 aircraft in 2034. The purchase commitments for these aircraft were calculated based on their list prices and actual purchase prices are typically lower than the list prices.

The Group has provided advances on aircraft purchases amounting to EUR 208.523.704 (31 December 2024: EUR 180.072.948). Of this amount, EUR 70.551.679 is reclassified as short-term, and EUR 137.972.024 is reclassified as long-term prepayments (31 December 2024: EUR 122.857.877 is reclassified as short-term, EUR 57.215.071 is reclassified as long-term prepayments).

Collaterals-Pledges-Mortgages("CPM")

The details of the CPMs given by the Group as of 30 September 2025 is as follows:

30 September 2025 EUR TOTAL USD EUR TL Other
A. Total amounts of CPM given on behalf of its own
legal entity
-Collateral 50.519.070 22.456.235 27.177.460 27.307.070 3.624.317
-Pledge - - - - -
-Mortgage - - - - -
B. Total amounts of CPM given on behalf of
subsidiaries that are included in full consolidation
-Collateral - - - - -
-Pledge - - - - -
-Mortgage - - - - -
C. Total amounts of CPM given in order to guarantee
third parties debts for routine trade operations
-Collateral - - - - -
-Pledge - - - - -
-Mortgage - - - - -
D. Total amounts of other CPM given
i. Total amount of CPM given on behalf of the Parent
-Collateral - - - - -
-Pledge - - - - -
-Mortgage - - - - -
ii. Total amount of CPM given on behalf of other
group companies not covered in B and C
-Collateral - - - - -
-Pledge - - - - -
-Mortgage - - - - -
iii. Total amount of CPM given on behalf of third
parties not covered in C
-Collateral - - - - -
-Pledge - - - - -
-Mortgage - - - - -
50.519.070 22.456.235 27.177.460 27.307.070 3.624.317

The CPMs given by the Group are consisted of collaterals given to airports and terminals operators, aircraft leasing companies and service suppliers.

The other CPMs (in the scope of item D) given by the Group constitute 0% of the Group's equity as of 30 September 2025.

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE 12 – COMMITMENTS (cont'd)

Collaterals-Pledges-Mortgages("CPM") (cont'd)

The details of the CPMs given by the Group as of 31 December 2024 is as follows:

31 December 2024 EUR TOTAL USD EUR TL Other
A. Total amounts of CPM given on behalf of its own
legal entity
-Collateral 37.857.724 19.818.530 12.544.285 109.847.593 3.324.929
-Pledge - - - - -
-Mortgage - - - - -
B. Total amounts of CPM given on behalf of
subsidiaries that are included in full consolidation
-Collateral - - - - -
-Pledge - - - - -
-Mortgage - - - - -
C. Total amounts of CPM given in order to guarantee
third parties debts for routine trade operations
-Collateral - - - - -
-Pledge - - - - -
-Mortgage - - - - -
D. Total amounts of other CPM given
i. Total amount of CPM given on behalf of the Parent
-Collateral - - - - -
-Pledge - - - - -
-Mortgage - - - - -
ii. Total amount of CPM given on behalf of other
group companies not covered in B and C
-Collateral -
-Pledge - - - -
-Mortgage - - - - -
iii. Total amount of CPM given on behalf of third - - - - -
parties not covered in C
-Collateral - - - - -
-Pledge - - - - -
-Mortgage - - - - -
37.857.724 19.818.530 12.544.285 109.847.593 3.324.929

The CPMs given by the Group are consisted of collaterals given to airports and terminals operators, aircraft leasing companies and service suppliers.

The other CPMs (in the scope of item D) given by the Group constitute 0% of the Group's equity as of 31 December 2024.

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE 13 - EXPENSES BY NATURE

The details of expenses by nature for the years periods 30 September 2025 and 30 September 2024 are as follows:

1 January-
30 September 2025
1 January-
30 September 2024
1 July -
30 September 2025
1 July -
30 September 2024
Jet fuel expenses 662.887.140 671.302.439 252.350.652 243.922.370
Personnel expenses 459.455.501 354.496.586 161.490.638 158.787.414
Depreciation and amortisation expenses 306.698.333 249.382.548 108.086.170 85.722.536
Handling and station fees 192.382.583 162.703.478 74.068.406 63.523.167
Navigation expenses 172.774.752 132.632.765 67.873.797 51.560.032
Maintenance expenses 90.522.447 80.619.737 31.961.566 28.005.248
Landing expenses 93.788.878 76.019.426 35.133.657 29.425.653
Passenger service and catering expenses 33.420.057 27.052.803 12.321.349 12.220.171
Advertising expenses 18.905.276 13.769.647 6.778.603 3.734.591
Commission expenses 18.317.247 18.703.819 6.839.499 8.829.014
Short term operational lease expenses 19.606.789 1.222.828 16.085.446 13.679
Other expenses 157.233.638 124.208.241 51.445.612 48.360.799
2.225.992.641 1.912.114.317 824.435.395 734.104.674

NOTE 14 - SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

The Company's shareholding structure as of 30 September 2025 and 31 December 2024 are as follows:

30 September 2025 31 December 2024
Shareholders (%) EUR (%) EUR
Esas Holding 52,81 121.485.811 52,81 121.485.811
Publicly held 45,37 104.375.962 45,37 104.375.962
Emine Kamışlı 0,61 1.392.059 0,61 1.392.059
Ali İsmail
Sabancı
0,61 1.392.059 0,61 1.392.059
Kazım Köseoğlu 0,30 696.030 0,30 696.030
Can Köseoğlu 0,30 696.030 0,30 696.030
EUR historic capital 100,00 230.037.951 100,00 230.037.951

The Company's share capital consists of 500.000.000 shares of par value TL 1 each (31 December 2024: 500.000.000 shares). All issued shares are fully paid in cash.

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE 15 - REVENUE AND COST OF SALES

The details of revenue and cost of sales for the periods ended 30 September 2025 and 30 September 2024 are as follows:

Revenue:

1 January- 1 January- 1 July - 1 July -
30 September 2025 30 September 2024 30 September 2025 30 September 2024
Scheduled flight and service revenue 2.562.510.649 2.329.145.183 1.085.819.307 1.069.780.036
International flight revenue 1.267.858.242 1.240.462.653 570.388.939 606.863.778
Domestic flight revenue 351.793.668 310.461.681 152.197.549 144.900.747
Service revenue 942.858.739 778.220.849 363.232.819 318.015.511
Charter flight and service revenue 31.099.705 36.347.990 15.974.990 18.731.523
Charter flight revenue 31.099.705 36.347.990 15.974.990 18.731.523
Other revenue 7.026.882 7.848.539 1.158.154 2.889.690
2.600.637.236 2.373.341.712 1.102.952.451 1.091.401.249

The Group's revenue is disaggregated into revenue from scheduled flights, revenue from chartered flights, and other revenues in accordance with the IFRS 15 "Revenue from Contracts with Customers" standard. However, although the Group does not consider service revenues within these disaggregated revenue items as a separate performance obligation, it presents additional information due to their frequent disclosure to investors and continuous review by the authorities empowered to make decisions regarding operations.

Geographical details of revenue from the scheduled flights are as follows:

1 January- 1 January- 1 July - 1 July -
30 September 2025 30 September 2024 30 September 2025 30 September 2024
Europe 974.571.678 937.072.074 471.338.272 484.340.899
Domestic 351.793.668 310.461.681 152.197.549 144.900.747
Other 293.286.564 303.390.579 99.050.667 122.522.879
1.619.651.910 1.550.924.334 722.586.488 751.764.525

Cost of sales:

1 January- 1 January- 1 July - 1 July -
30 September 2025 30 September 2024 30 September 2025 30 September 2024
Jet fuel expenses 662.887.140 671.302.439 252.350.652 243.922.370
Personnel expenses 424.996.338 327.909.342 149.378.840 146.878.358
Depreciation and amortisation expenses 292.870.789 238.353.574 103.272.149 81.876.692
Handling and station fees 192.382.583 162.703.478 74.068.406 63.523.167
Navigation expenses 172.774.752 132.632.765 67.873.797 51.560.032
Maintenance expenses 90.522.447 80.619.737 31.961.566 28.005.248
Landing expenses 93.788.878 76.019.426 35.133.657 29.425.653
Passenger service and catering expenses 33.420.057 27.052.803 12.321.349 12.220.171
Insurance expenses 15.375.367 14.479.156 5.189.409 4.866.907
Short term lease expenses 19.606.789 1.222.828 17.670.051 13.679
Other expenses 97.580.563 74.125.292 26.941.156 30.313.113
2.096.205.703 1.806.420.840 776.161.032 692.605.390

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE 16 - GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES AND SELLING AND MARKETING EXPENSES

1 January- 1 January- 1 July - 1 July -
30 September 2025 30 September 2024 30 September 2025 30 September 2024
General administrative expenses 74.062.468 57.423.483 28.615.851 22.926.347
Marketing expenses 55.724.470 48.269.994 19.658.512 18.572.937
129.786.938 105.693.477 48.274.363 41.499.284

The details of general administrative expenses and marketing expenses for the periods ended 30 September 2025 and 30 September 2024 are as follows (there are no research & development expenses in the periods ended in respective dates):

General administrative expenses:

1 January- 1 January- 1 July - 1 July -
30 September 2025 30 September 2024 30 September 2025 30 September 2024
Personnel expenses 25.270.053 19.497.312 8.881.985 8.733.307
IT expenses 19.321.282 15.165.117 7.174.906 5.682.981
Depreciation and amortisation expenses 11.062.035 8.823.179 3.851.217 3.076.675
Consultancy expenses 5.101.286 4.154.393 1.947.950 1.460.666
Office utility expenses 1.743.916 1.577.722 572.660 589.520
Legal and notary expenses 4.530.835 2.159.030 3.106.577 1.262.648
Communication expenses 1.520.138 1.909.899 757.916 550.664
Travel expenses 2.830.239 2.516.813 1.632.058 1.321.193
Training expenses 317.035 216.976 100.829 139.413
Other expenses 2.365.649 1.403.042 589.753 109.280
74.062.468 57.423.483 28.615.851 22.926.347

Marketing expenses:

1 January- 1 January- 1 July - 1 July -
30 September 2025 30 September 2024 30 September 2025 30 September 2024
Advertising expenses 18.905.276 13.769.647 6.778.603 3.734.591
Commission expenses 18.317.247 18.703.819 6.839.499 8.829.014
Personnel expenses 9.189.110 7.089.932 3.229.813 3.175.749
Call center expenses 4.532.156 4.440.030 1.242.040 1.379.630
Depreciation and amortisation expenses 2.765.509 2.205.795 962.804 769.169
Other expenses 2.015.172 2.060.771 605.753 684.784
55.724.470 48.269.994 19.658.512 18.572.937

NOTE 17 - OTHER OPERATING INCOME AND EXPENSES

The details of other operating income and expenses for the periods ended 30 September 2025 and 30 September 2024 are as follows:

Other operating income:

1 January- 1 January- 1 July - 1 July -
30 September 2025 30 September 2024 30 September 2025 30 September 2024
Reversal of doubtful cash and cash equivalents 301.616 - (37.716) -
Reversal of doubtful provision 22.490 - 22.490 -
Other - 422.705 - 136.209
324.106 422.705 (15.226) 136.209

Other operating expenses:

1 January- 1 January- 1 July - 1 July -
30 September 2025 30 September 2024 30 September 2025 30 September 2024
Foreign exchange loss from operating activities, net 134.657.589 14.492.137 13.082.002 23.758.166
Legal provision and penalty expense 3.505.895 274.454 192.392 (7.322)
Doubtful receivable allowance expense - 481.383 13.855 431.312
Trade receivables allowance expense 377.561 233.149 (147.983) (6.220)
Cash and cash equivalents allowance expense - 447.569 - 327.071
Other 3.373.651 3.207.639 1.671.422 2.040.957
141.914.696 19.136.331 14.811.688 26.543.964

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE 18 - INCOME AND EXPENSES FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES

The details of income from investing activities for the periods ended 30 September 2025 and 30 September 2024 are as follows:

Income from investing activities:

1 January-
30 September 2025
1 January-
30 September 2024
1 July -
30 September 2025
1 July -
30 September 2024
Interest income from time deposits 22.574.387 14.425.304 358.074 4.592.236
Gain arising from aircraft sale 6.991.027 6.493.452 - -
Interest income from eurobond 26.066.841 16.919.725 12.461.629 5.330.776
Gain on sale of joint venture shares 1.138.222 - 1.138.222 -
Gain from eurobond sales (*) 737.609 1.186.883 324.240 107.859
Income from sale of fixed assets 1.272.174 - (394.948) -
Other income 373.143 84.305 82.334 -
59.153.403 39.109.669 13.969.551 10.030.871

(*) The amounts represents gains arising from the sale of financial investments that are carried at fair value through other comphensive income.

Expense from investing activities:

1 January- 1 January- 1 July - 1 July -
30 September 2025 30 September 2024 30 September 2025 30 September 2024
Loss from eurobond sales 33.566 - 10.907 -
Financial investments allowance expense - 6.227.904 - 163.679
33.566 6.227.904 10.907 163.679

NOTE 19 - FINANCIAL INCOME AND EXPENSES

The details of financial income and expenses for the periods ended 30 September 2025 and 30 September 2024 are as follows:

Financial income:

1 January- 1 January- 1 July - 1 July -
30 September 2025 30 September 2024 30 September 2025 30 September 2024
Foreign exchange gain, net 194.714.534 11.129.252 11.172.064 52.498.172
Interest income 45.347.517 35.646.600 14.914.412 13.733.508
240.062.051 46.775.852 26.086.476 66.231.680

Financial expenses:

1 January- 1 January- 1 July - 1 July -
30 September 2025 30 September 2024 30 September 2025 30 September 2024
Interest expense on leases 113.663.095 127.056.912 35.285.130 41.575.819
Interest expense on issued debt instruments 30.652.560 22.197.083 10.502.118 6.193.411
Commission and other expenses 31.249.975 36.039.109 10.312.907 17.105.883
Losses from derivative contracts 5.862.424 2.797.894 1.235.571 3.973.354
Interest expense on bank loans 8.967.674 13.458.477 4.287.525 2.853.627
190.395.728 201.549.475 61.623.251 71.702.094

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE 20 - EARNINGS PER SHARE

Earnings per share disclosed in the consolidated statements of income are determined by dividing the net income by the weighted number of shares that have been outstanding during the period concerned. Weighted average number of shares for 2024 and 2025 is calculated using the actual number of shares outstanding during the period, taking into consideration the actual date of capital increase.

Number of total shares and calculation of earnings per share at 30 September 2025 and 30 September 2024 are as follows:

1 January- 1 January- 1 July - 1 July -
30 September 2025 30 September 2024 30 September 2025 30 September 2024
Net profit 286.453.960 310.221.127 226.660.740 301.184.224
Weighted average number of shares issued in the year 500.000.000 500.000.000 500.000.000 500.000.000
Income per share 0,57 0,62 0,45 0,60

NOTE 21 - DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments

30 September 2025 31 December 2024
Asset Liability Asset Liability
Short term - 12.828.951 3.963.837 4.645.693
Long term - 508.628 - 364.343
- 13.337.579 3.963.837 5.010.036

Explanations related to derivative instruments are disclosed in Note 24.

NOTE 22 - FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Financial Assets

Short term 30 September 2025 31 December 2024
Financial investments measured at amortized cost 246.479.570 172.455.687
Financial assets recognized at fair value through profit or loss 94.082.985 101.104.332
Time deposit (*) 30.301.348 28.842.985
Less: Allowance for impairment under IFRS 9 (236.219) (354.693)
370.627.684 302.048.311

(*) The balance includes time deposits and with original maturities between three months and one year.

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE 22 - FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (cont'd)

Financial Assets (cont'd)

Long term 30 September 2025 31 December 2024
Financial investments measured at amortized cost 143.262.916 129.950.216
Less: Allowance for impairment under IFRS 9 (1.916.535) (4.179.940)
141.346.381 125.770.276

Financial investments accounted at amortized cost

30 September 2025 31 December 2024
Short term financial investments measured at amortized cost 246.479.570 172.455.687
Long term financial investments measured at amortized cost 143.262.916 129.950.216
389.742.486 302.405.903
30 September 2025 31 December 2024
Government Debt Securities 142.249.001 192.939.473
Corporate Debt Securities 247.493.485 109.466.430
389.742.486 302.405.903

The Group's fixed income securities are accounted at their amortized costs using the effective interest rate. These securities are denominated in Euros, US Dollars and Pounds or pay fixed interest every year and every six months.

The weighted average coupon interest rates of existing Euro, US Dollar and Pounds financial investments that are measured at amortized cost as of 30 September 2025 and 31 December 2024 are as follows:

Weighted average

Coupon Interest Rate (%) FX Type Asset Value EUR
Government Debt Securities 7,5 US Dollar 124.705.310
Government Debt Securities 6,2 GBP 17.543.691
Corporate Debt Securities 6,4 US Dollar 216.166.396
Corporate Debt Securities 5,9 Euro 25.467.349
Corporate Debt Securities 6,2 GBP 5.859.740
30 September 2025 389.742.486

Weighted average

Coupon Interest Rate (%) FX Type Asset Value EUR
Government Debt Securities 7,6 US Dollar 180.234.119
Government Debt Securities 6,7 GBP 12.705.354
Corporate Debt Securities 7,2 US Dollar 84.170.737
Corporate Debt Securities 6,7 Euro 25.295.693
31 December 2024 302.405.903

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE 22 - FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (cont'd)

Financial Assets (cont'd)

Financial investments at fair value through other comprehensive income

30 September 2025 31 December 2024
Government Debt Securities 84.401.139 72.038.270
Corporate Debt Securities 9.681.846 29.066.062
94.082.985 101.104.332

The coupon interest rates of the financial investments in US Dollars that are measured by their fair value and continues as of the reporting date are as follows.

Weighted average
Coupon Interest Rate (%) FX Type Asset Value EUR
Government Debt Securities 7,9 US Dollar 84.401.139

Corporate Debt Securities 7,7 US Dollar 9.681.846 30 September 2025 94.082.985

Weighted average Coupon Interest Rate (%) FX Type Asset Value EUR Government Debt Securities 8,4 US Dollar 72.038.270 Corporate Debt Securities 8,1 US Dollar 29.066.062 31 December 2024 101.104.332

The financial investments at fair value through other comprehensive income is composed of bonds. These investments are denominated in US Dollars and pay fixed interest every year or every six months.

Financial Liabilities

The details of financial liabilities as of 30 September 2025 and 31 December 2024 are as follows:

Short term financial liabilities 30 September 2025 31 December 2024
Short term bank borrowings 235.611.463 172.048.659
235.611.463 172.048.659

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE 22 - FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (cont'd)

Financial Liabilities (cont'd)

Short term portion of long term financial liabilities 30 September 2025 31 December 2024
Short term portion of long term bank borrowings 29.795.686 21.884.352
Principal and interest of bonds issued 31.465.703 198.049.610
Discount and commissions of bonds issued (830.852) (1.721.390)
Lease liabilities 438.027.373 405.833.468
Short term portion of long term
lease liabilities 52.695.327 50.453.044
Short term portion of long term
lease liabilities with purchase option 385.332.046 355.380.424
498.457.910 624.046.040
Long term financial liabilities 30 September 2025 31 December 2024
Long term bank borrowings 101.785.495 22.009.344
Issued debt instruments (*) 396.118.448 452.471.482
Discount and commissions of bonds issued (4.668.943) (4.683.282)
Lease liabilities 3.281.103.440 3.260.356.410
Long term lease liabilities 159.101.945 205.615.854
Long term lease liabilities with purchase option 3.122.001.495 3.054.740.556
3.774.338.440 3.730.153.954

(*) The Group issued bonds to qualified investors abroad on April 29, 2021, which were issued under the "Rule 144A" and/or "Regulation S" format, have a nominal value of US\$ 375.000.000, at 9,25% interest rate and the maturity is 5 years with an early payment option in the third and fourth years. The settlement process was completed and the bonds were fully redeemed following the repurchase by the Group of bonds amounting to USD 211,086,000 on September 12, 2024, and the remaining bonds amounting to USD 163,914,000 on April 28, 2025, from the respective investors.

The Group issued bonds to qualified investors abroad on September 11, 2024, which were issued under the "Rule 144A" and/or "Regulation S" format, have a nominal value of US\$ 500.000.000, at 8,00% interest rate and the maturity is 7 years with an early payment option starting at the end of three years.

The bonds are traded on the Irish Stock Exchange (Euronext Dublin). There are some financial covenants in the Terms and Conditions of the notes. The covenants of the notes are; negative pledge, limitation in indebtedness, publication of financial information, limitations on transactions with affiliates, minimum liquidity, merger, consolidation and sale of all assets substantially, limitation on asset sales, limitation on restricted payments. As of 30 September 2025, the Group complied with all covenants.

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE 22 - FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (cont'd)

Financial Liabilities (cont'd)

Bank Borrowings

The effective interest rates, original currency and EUR equivalents of the short and long term bank borrowings as of 30 September 2025 and 31 December 2024 are as follows :

30 September 2025 Weighted average
interest rate (%)
Currency Original
amount
EUR
equivalent
Short term bank borrowings 5,08 Euro 235.611.463 235.611.463
Short term portion of long term bank borrowings 4,11 Euro 29.795.686 29.795.686
Long term bank borrowings 3,78 Euro 101.785.495 101.785.495
367.192.644
Weighted average Original EUR
31 December 2024 interest rate (%) Currency amount equivalent
Short term bank borrowings 6,09 Euro 172.048.659 172.048.659
Short term portion of long term bank borrowings 4,22 Euro 21.884.352 21.884.352
Long term bank borrowings 4,19 Euro 22.009.344 22.009.344
215.942.355

Lease Liabilities

The details of lease liabilities as of 30 September 2025 and 31 December 2024 are as follows:

30 September 2025 31 December 2024
Less than 1 year 558.069.806 542.771.838
Between 1 - 5 years 2.084.557.051 2.028.348.701
Over 5 years 1.757.729.135 1.808.218.806
4.400.355.992 4.379.339.345
Less: Future interest expenses (681.225.179) (713.149.467)
3.719.130.813 3.666.189.878

Present value of minimum lease payments of lease liabilities are as follows:

30 September 2025 31 December 2024
Less than 1 year 438.027.373 405.833.468
Between 1 - 5 years 1.712.587.864 1.659.063.767
Over 5 years 1.568.515.576 1.601.292.643
3.719.130.813 3.666.189.878

The Group acquire certain of its handling equipment and aircraft through lease arrangements. The average lease term is 5,82 years. For the period ended 30 September 2025, the floating interest rate applicable to Euro-denominated lease liabilities, amounting to EUR 2.735.866.145, is 3,27% (31 December 2024: 3,40%) and the floating rate applicable to US Dollar-denominated lease liabilities, amounting to EUR 302.630.305, is 5,87% (31 December 2024: 6,28%).

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE 22 - FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (cont'd)

Financial Liabilities (cont'd)

Reconciliation of obligations arising from financing activities

The changes in the Group's liabilities arising from financing activities are given in the following table:

Finance lease
Utilized
bank loans and
obtained and
repayment of
Non-cash
1 January 2025 repayments, (net) principals changes 30 September 2025
Bank loans and
Issued debt instruments
860.058.775 (76.216.539) - 5.434.764 789.277.000
Lease payables 3.666.189.878 - (403.360.060) 456.300.995 3.719.130.813
4.526.248.653 (76.216.539) (403.360.060) 461.735.759 4.508.407.813
Utilized
bank loans and
Finance lease
obtained and
repayment of
Non-cash
1 January 2024 repayments, (net) principals changes 30 September 2024
Bank loans and
Issued debt instruments 602.031.364 130.858.287 - 60.333.407 793.223.058
Lease payables 3.067.109.853 - (374.468.292) 655.050.049 3.347.691.610
3.669.141.217 130.858.287 (374.468.292) 715.383.456 4.140.914.668

NOTE 23 - NATURE AND LEVEL OF RISKS DERIVING FROM FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Financial Risk Factors

Market risk

The Group's activities expose financial risks: market risk (including currency risk, fair value interest rate risk, cash flow interest rate risk and price risk), credit risk and liquidity risk. The Group's overall risk management plan focuses on the unpredictability of financial markets and seeks to minimise potential adverse effects on the Group's financial performance. The Group uses derivative financial instruments to hedge certain risk exposures.

Foreign currency risk management

The Group has transactions in non-Euro currencies including Turkish Lira revenues, US Dollar borrowings and fuel purchases. These non-Euro denominated transactions expose the Group to foreign currency risk. Exchange rate exposures are managed within approved policy parameters utilising forward foreign exchange contracts.

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE 23 - NATURE AND LEVEL OF RISKS DERIVING FROM FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (cont'd)

Financial Risk Factors (cont'd)

Foreign currency risk management (cont'd)

The Group's foreign currency position of monetary and non-monetary assets/liabilities for the years ended 30 September 2025 and 31 December 2024 are as follows:

30 September 2025 EUR Total USD TL GBP Other
1. Trade receivables 61.363.449 8.829.595 2.002.069.818 2.738.912 9.542.936
2a. Monetary financial assets 1.125.656.229 895.508.148 6.598.125.945 22.819.602 200.011.987
2b. Non monetary financial assets - - - - -
3. Other 6.264.321 4.469.432 2.519.338 214.331 2.154.680
4. CURRENT ASSETS 1.193.283.999 908.807.175 8.602.715.101 25.772.845 211.709.603
5. Trade receivables - - - - -
6a. Monetary financial assets 115.755.307 135.698.066 - - -
6b. Non monetary financial assets - - - - -
7. Other 5.865.604 5.402.059 1.878.341 63.000 1.146.750
8. NON CURRENT ASSETS 121.620.911 141.100.125 1.878.341 63.000 1.146.750
9. TOTAL ASSETS 1.314.904.910 1.049.907.300 8.604.593.442 25.835.845 212.856.353
10. Trade payables 129.034.725 96.684.460 2.045.450.461 3.118.136 945.178
11. Financial liabilities 144.259.154 168.916.402 8.144.465 - -
12a. Other liabilitites, monetary 117.578.114 56.346.113 3.177.937.851 297.235 3.847.440
12b. Other liabilities, non monetary - - - - -
13. CURRENT LIABILITIES 390.871.993 321.946.975 5.231.532.777 3.415.371 4.792.618
14. Trade payables - - - - -
15. Financial liabilities 1.202.288.962 1.409.423.814 - - -
16a. Other lliabilities, monetary 144.487.511 113.783.615 2.307.176.018 - -
16b. Other liabilities, non monetary - - - - -
17. NON CURRENT LIABILITIES 1.346.776.473 1.523.207.429 2.307.176.018 - -
18. TOTAL LIABILITIES 1.737.648.466 1.845.154.404 7.538.708.795 3.415.371 4.792.618
19. Net asset / (liability) position of Off-statement of
financial position derivatives (19a-19b) - - - - -
19.a Off-statement of financial position foreign currency
derivative assets - - - - -
19b. Off-statement of financial position foreign currency
derivative liabilities - - - - -
20. Net foreign currency asset/(liability)
position (422.743.556) (795.247.104) 1.065.884.647 22.420.474 208.063.735
21. Net foreign currency asset / (liability)
position of monetary items
(1+2a+3+5+6a+7-10-11-12a-14-15-16a) (422.743.556) (795.247.104) 1.065.884.647 22.420.474 208.063.735

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE 23 - NATURE AND LEVEL OF RISKS DERIVING FROM FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (cont'd)

Financial Risk Factors (cont'd)

Foreign currency risk management (cont'd)

31 December 2024 EUR Total USD TL GBP Other
1. Trade receivables 52.554.233 7.421.689 1.404.084.196 1.817.410 5.037.207
2a. Monetary financial assets 1.252.994.150 1.163.326.747 4.022.451.465 14.824.938 10.452.061
2b. Non monetary financial assets - - - - -
3. Other 6.221.712 1.727.019 166.711.936 23.797 206
4. CURRENT ASSETS 1.311.770.095 1.172.475.455 5.593.247.597 16.666.145 15.489.474
5. Trade receivables - - - - -
6a. Monetary financial assets 125.770.279 131.196.247 - - -
6b. Non monetary financial assets - - - - -
7. Other 7.828.521 6.695.999 1.543.144 63.000 1.291.589
8. NON CURRENT ASSETS 133.598.800 137.892.246 1.543.144 63.000 1.291.589
9. TOTAL ASSETS 1.445.368.895 1.310.367.701 5.594.790.741 16.729.145 16.781.063
10. Trade payables 124.022.824 90.371.223 1.020.393.435 2.635.892 6.443.828
11. Financial liabilities 300.796.277 313.459.380 11.053.764 - -
12a. Other liabilitites, monetary 103.036.729 10.378.007 3.369.137.300 254.401 1.086.662
12b. Other liabilities, non monetary - - - - -
13. CURRENT LIABILITIES 527.855.830 414.208.610 4.400.584.499 2.890.293 7.530.490
14. Trade payables - - - - -
15. Financial liabilities 1.373.954.809 1.433.084.260 5.127.331 - -
16a. Other lliabilities, monetary 249.540.410 216.012.353 1.560.170.434 - -
16b. Other liabilities, non monetary - - - - -
17. NON CURRENT LIABILITIES 1.623.495.219 1.649.096.613 1.565.297.765 - -
18. TOTAL LIABILITIES 2.151.351.049 2.063.305.223 5.965.882.264 2.890.293 7.530.490
19. Net asset / (liability) position of Off-statement of
financial position derivatives (19a-19b) 488.885 21.424.898 - (16.650.000) -
19.a Off-statement of financial position foreign currency
derivative assets 20.538.815 21.424.898 - - -
19b. Off-statement of financial position foreign currency
derivative liabilities 20.049.930 - - 16.650.000 -
20. Net foreign currency asset/(liability)
position (705.982.154) (752.937.522) (371.091.523) 13.838.852 9.250.573
21. Net foreign currency asset / (liability)
position of monetary items
(1+2a+3+5+6a+7-10-11-12a-14-15-16a) (705.982.154) (752.937.522) (371.091.523) 13.838.852 9.250.573

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE 23 - NATURE AND LEVEL OF RISKS DERIVING FROM FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (cont'd)

Financial Risk Factors (cont'd)

Foreign currency risk management (cont'd)

Foreign currency sensitivity

The Group is exposed to foreign exchange risk arising primarily with respect to the US Dollar and Turkish Lira. The following table details the Group's sensitivity to a 10% increase and decrease in US Dollar, and TL. 10% is the sensitivity rate used when reporting foreign currency risk internally to key management personnel and represents management's assessment of the possible change in foreign exchange rates. The sensitivity analysis includes only outstanding foreign currency denominated items and adjusts their translation at the period end for a 10% change in foreign currency rates.

Foreign currency sensitivity tables as of 30 September 2025 and 31 December 2024 are as follows:

30 September 2025 Profit/(Loss) Shareholders' equity
If foreign currency If foreign currency If foreign currency If foreign currency
appreciated 10% depreciated 10% appreciated 10% depreciated 10%
Effect of 10% change in USD rate
USD net asset / (liability) (67.837.424) 67.837.424 - -
Part of hedged from USD risk - - - -
USD net effect (67.837.424) 67.837.424 - -
Effect of 10% change in TL rate
TL net asset / (liability) 2.191.019 (2.191.019) 232.659.913 (232.659.913)
Part of hedged from TL risk - - - -
TL net effect 2.191.019 (2.191.019) 232.659.913 (232.659.913)
Effect of 10% change in GBP rate
GBP net asset / liability 2.565.677 (2.565.677) - -
Part of hedged from GBP risk - - - -
GBP net effect 2.565.677 (2.565.677) - -
31 December 2024 Profit/(Loss) Shareholders' equity
If foreign currency If foreign currency If foreign currency If foreign currency
appreciated 10% depreciated 10% appreciated 10% depreciated 10%
Effect of 10% change in USD rate
USD net asset / (liability) (72.268.639) 72.268.639 - -
Part of hedged from USD risk 2.053.881 (2.053.881) - -
USD net effect (70.214.758) 70.214.758 - -
Effect of 10% change in TL rate
TL net asset / (liability) 3.236.214 (3.236.214) 204.276.306 (204.276.306)
Part of hedged from TL risk - - - -
TL net effect 3.236.214 (3.236.214) 204.276.306 (204.276.306)
Effect of 10% change in GBP rate
GBP net asset / liability 1.666.475 (1.666.475) - -
Part of hedged from GBP risk (2.004.993) 2.004.993 - -
GBP net effect (338.518) 338.518 - -

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE 24 - FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (FAIR VALUE AND HEDGE ACCOUNTING DISCLOSURES)

Group Management believes that the carrying values of financial instruments approximates their fair values, except for financial investments, lease liabilities and issued debt instruments. The fair value of financial investments and issued bonds is determined by considering the market value (level 1).

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Financial assets and D • • • • • • •
T Derivative instruments
Financial assets which are recognized S
and liabilities at at fair value in
30 September 2025 amortized cost shareholders' equity profit/loss Carrying amount Note
Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents 1.036.708.210 - - 1.036.708.210 27
Trade receivables 91.877.297 - - 91.877.297 6
- Other 91.877.297 - - 91.877.297 6
Other receivables 94.280.357 - - 94.280.357
- Other 94.280.357 - - 94.280.357
Financial investments 388.964.137 94.082.985 - 511.974.065 22
Financial liabilities
Bank borrowings 367.192.643 - - 367.192.643 22
Issued debt instruments 566.172.503 - - 422.084.357
Trade payables 300.605.476 - - 300.605.476 6
- Related party 1.202.578 - - 1.202.578 5
- Other 299.402.898 - - 299.402.898
Other payables 21.149.898 - - 21.149.898
Derivative financial liabilities - 13.337.579 - 13.337.579 21

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE 24 - FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (FAIR VALUE AND HEDGE ACCOUNTING DISCLOSURES) (cont'd)

Fair Value of Financial Instruments (cont'd)

Financial
and
assets
derivative
instruments
Derivative
instruments
Financial
assets
which
are recognized
which
are recognized
and
liabilities
at
fair
value
in
at
fair
value
in
at
31
December
2024
amortized
cost
shareholders'
equity
profit/loss Carrying
amount
Note
Financial
assets
Cash
and
cash
equivalents
1
258
979
406
- - 1
258
979
406
27
Trade
receivables
73
467
728
- - 73
467
728
6
- Other 73
467
728
- - 73
467
728
6
Other
receivables
87
803
523
- - 87
803
523
- Other 87
803
523
- - 87
803
523
Financial
investments
301
757
198
101
104
332
- 427
818
587
22
Derivative
financial
assets
- - 3
963
837
3
963
837
21
Financial
liabilities
Bank
borrowings
215
942
354
- - 215
942
355
22
Issued
debt
instruments
636
265
140
- - 644
116
420
Trade
payables
216
174
134
- - 216
174
134
6
- Related
party
1
194
536
- - 1
194
536
5
- Other 214
979
598
- - 214
979
598
Other
payables
12
519
590
- - 12
519
590
Derivative
financial
liabilities
- 010
036
5
- 010
036
5
21

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE 24 - FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (FAIR VALUE AND HEDGE ACCOUNTING DISCLOSURES) (cont'd)

Fair Value of Financial Instruments (cont'd)

The fair values of financial assets and financial liabilities are determined and grouped as follows:

  • Level 1: the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities with standard terms and conditions and traded on active liquid markets are determined with reference to quoted market prices:
  • Level 2: the fair value of other financial assets and financial liabilities (excluding derivative instruments) are determined in accordance with generally accepted pricing models based on discounted cash flow analysis using prices from observable current market transactions; and
  • Level 3: the fair value of financial assets and liabilities are determined by the input that does not reflect an actual data observed in the market while finding the fair value of an asset or liability.
Financial assets /
(Financial liabilities)
Fair valu ie as at Fair value hierarchy Valuation
technique
30 September 2025 31 December 2024
Fuel purchase option contracts (13.337.579) (5.010.036) Level 2 Discounted cash flow method
Currency forward contracts - 3.963.837 Level 2 Discounted cash flow method
Currency Fuel purchase
forward option
30 September 2025 contracts contracts Total
Fair value: 3.963.837 (5.010.036) (1.046.199)
Opening Fair value increase 3.903.037 (3.010.030) (1.040.199)
Recognized in equity V - (8.327.543) (8.327.543)
Recognized in profit or loss (3.963.837) - (3.963.837)
Closing - (13.337.579) (13.337.579)
Assets - - -
Liabilities - (13.337.579) (13.337.579)
Total net assets and l liabilities - (13.337.579) (13.337.579)

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE 24 - FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (FAIR VALUE AND HEDGE ACCOUNTING DISCLOSURES) (cont'd)

Fair Value of Financial Instruments (cont'd)

Currency Fuel purchase
forward option
31 December 2024 contracts contracts Total
Fair value:
Opening 387.044 (5.321.150) (4.934.106)
Fair value increase / (decrease)
Recognized in equity - 311.114 311.114
Recognized in profit or loss 3.576.793 - 3.576.793
Closing 3.963.837 (5.010.036) (1.046.199)
Assets 3.963.837 - 3.963.837
Liabilities - (5.010.036) (5.010.036)
Total net assets and liabilities 3.963.837 (5.010.036) (1.046.199)

The Group has forward fuel purchase option contracts, which are subject to hedge accounting, at a rate of 65,2% and 27,7% of the total fuel consumption estimated to occur in a period shorter than 1 year and more than 1 year, respectively. In line with its hedging policy, the Group can conclude contracts with maturities up to 24 months. As of 30 September 2025, the contracts last until September 2027. The total nominal value of these contracts is USD 618,3 million, and the weighted average price is in the range of USD 62-77. The ineffective portion of the hedge is not material as of 30 September 2025. In the current period, the expense that is reclassified from hedging gain/(losses) fund under shareholders' equity to fuel expenses in the profit or loss statement is amounting to EUR 1.786.370 (30 September 2024: EUR 2.251.191 derivative income are charged to finance expenses).

NOTE 25 - EVENTS AFTER BALANCE SHEET DATE

Not available.

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE 26 – INCOME TAX EXPENSE

The Group is subject to corporate tax applicable in Türkiye. The corporate tax rate in Türkiye is applied as 25% for the 2024 taxation period. It continues to be applied as 25% for the 2025 taxation period. While calculating deferred tax on temporary differences, the Company takes into account the tax rates applicable at the date of closing of the temporary differences.

The tax expense components of 30 September 2025 and 30 September 2024 are presented below:

1 January- 1 January
30 September 2025 30 September 2024
Tax income/(expense)
- Deferred tax income/(expense) (57.774.829) (12.213.485)
Total tax income/(expense) (57.774.829) (12.213.485)

The Group's earnings from investments tied to an incentive certificate are subject to corporate tax at discounted rates, starting from the accounting period in which the investment is partially or fully operational, until the investment contribution amount is reached. In this context, tax advantage amounting to EUR 265.869.065 (31 December 2024: EUR 203.282.895) that the Group will benefit from in the foreseeable future as of 30 September 2025 is reflected in the interim condensed consolidated financial statements as a deferred tax asset. As a result of the recognition of the mentioned tax advantage as of 30 September 2025, deferred tax income amounting to EUR 62.586.171 has recognised in the interim condensed consolidated profit or loss statement for the period 1 January - 30 September 2025.

Deferred tax assets are recognized when it is determined that taxable income is likely to occur in the coming years. In cases where taxable income is likely to occur, deferred tax assets are calculated over deductible temporary differences, tax losses and tax advantages vested in indefinite-lived investment incentives that allow reduced corporate tax payments. In this context, the Group bases the reflection of deferred tax assets arising from investment incentives in the interim condensed consolidated financial statements on long-term plans and evaluates the recoverability of deferred tax assets related to these investment incentives as of each reporting date. This evaluation is conducted based on business models that include estimations of taxable profits.

In the sensitivity analysis carried out as of 30 September 2025, when the inputs in the basic macroeconomic and sectoral assumptions that make up the business plans are increased/decreased by 10%, the duration of the foreseen period for recognizing deferred tax assets related to investment incentives remains unchanged.

NOTES TO THE INTERIM CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AS OF 30 SEPTEMBER 2025

(Amounts are expressed full Euros (EUR) unless otherwise stated.)

NOTE 27 - EXPLANATIONS RELATED TO STATEMENT OF CASH FLOW

The details of cash and cash equivalents as of 30 September 2025 and 31 December 2024 are as follows:

30 September 2025 31 December 2024
Cash on hand 99.279 50.008
Cash at banks 1.036.864.345 1.259.666.911
- Demand deposits 62.485.188 23.318.830
- Time deposits 974.379.157 1.236.348.081
Less: Allowance for impairment under IFRS 9 (255.414) (737.513)
1.036.708.210 1.258.979.406

The weighted average interest rates of time deposits are as presented below:

Weighted average
30 September 2025 interest rates Total
USD deposits 4,32 % 441.973.099
EUR deposits 2,29 % 214.340.219
TL deposits 41,34 % 130.707.515
GBP deposits 0,50 % 379.372
CHF deposits 4,13 % 185.312.784
IRR deposits 5,00 % 1.666.168
974.379.157
Weighted average
31 December 2024 interest rates Total
USD deposits 4,51 % 847.775.086
EUR deposits 2,65 % 271.336.285
TL deposits 48,88 % 108.344.284
GBP deposits 0,50 % 3.115.816
IRR deposits 5,00 % 5.776.610
1.236.348.081

As of 30 September 2025 and 31 December 2024 time deposits maturities are less than 90 days.

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