Pantera Silver Corp. - Management Reports 2024

PANTERA SILVER CORP. Management Discussion and Analysis For the three and six months ended November 30, 2023

1.1 DATE OF REPORT November 30, 2023

1.2 OVERALL PERFORMANCE

General

The following discussion and analysis, prepared as of January 29, 2024, should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended May 31, 2023 and 2022 and related notes attached thereto, which are prepared in accordance with Canadian generally accepted accounting principles. All amounts are stated in Canadian dollars unless otherwise indicated.

Pantera Silver Corp. (“The Company”) is incorporated in the Province of British Columbia (extra-provincially registered in the Province of Alberta). The Company’s registered and record office is located at Miller Thomson LLP, Pacific Centre 400-725 Granville St., Vancouver BC, V7Y 1G5.

Previously, the Company was involved in the development and acquisition of geophysical data for the oil & gas and resource exploration industry, using unmanned airborne vehicle (“UAV”) technology through its wholly owned subsidiary Universal Wing Geophysics Corp., (“UWG”). On March 31, 2012, the Company closed the sale of 1,075,000 common shares (86%) of the Company’s interest in UWG, the subsidiary that has operated the Company’s Unmanned Air Vehicle Systems development business, to a private company. The Company has now returned to its Resource Exploration focus.

On March 11, 2021, Red Oak Mining Corp. changed its name to Pantera Silver Corp. to better reflect the Company’s focus on its newly acquired Nuevo Taxco Silver property.

On June 25, 2019 , David Thornley-Hall resigned as interim Chief Financial Officer and Lucy Zhang was appointed interim CFO.

On January 10, 2019 , Mr. James Ferreira resigned as a Director of the Company.

On December 14, 2018 , Mr. Binny Jassal resigned as a Chief Financial Officer and Director of the Company and David Thornley-Hall was appointed interim CFO.

Forward Looking Information

Certain statements in this Management Discussion and Analysis constitute forward-looking statements under applicable securities legislation. Forward-looking statements or information typically containing statements with words such as “anticipate”, “believe”, “expect”, “plan”, “intend”, “estimate”, “propose” or similar words suggesting future outcomes or statements regarding, and outlook. Forward-looking statements or information in this Management Discussion and Analysis include, but are not limited to, statements regarding:

Business objectives, plans and strategies;
Exploration objectives, plans and strategies; and,
Certain geological interpretations and expectations.

Such forward-looking statements or information are based on a number of assumptions which may prove to be incorrect. In addition to other assumptions identified in this Management Discussion and Analysis, assumptions have been made regarding, among other things:

The ability of the Company to continue to fund its operations through financings, options and joint ventures;
The ability of the Company to obtain equipment, services and supplies in a timely manner to carry out its activities;
The level of exploration activities and opportunities;

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The ability of the Company to retain access and develop its mineral claims; and
Current and future mineral commodity prices.

Although the Company believes that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements or information are reasonable, undue reliance should not be placed on forward-looking statements because the Company can give no assurance that such expectations will prove correct. Forward-looking statements or information are based on current expectations, estimates and projections that involve a number of risks and uncertainties which could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated by the Company and described in the forward-looking statements or information. These risks and uncertainties include but are not limited to:

The ability of management to execute objectives, plans and strategies;
Exploration, development and operational risks inherent in the mining industry;
Market conditions;
Risks and uncertainties inherent in geology and exploration for deposits;
Potential delays and changes in plans;
The Company’s ability to retain land tenure;
Uncertainties regarding financings and funding;
General economic and business conditions;
Possibility of governmental policy changes;
Changes in First Nations policies;
Other risks and uncertainties described within this document.

The forward-looking statements or information contained in this Management Discussion and Analysis are made as of the date hereof and the Company undertakes no obligation to update publicly or revise any forward-looking statements or information, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, unless so required by applicable securities law.

All financial results presented in this MD&A are expressed in Canadian dollars unless otherwise indicated.

Significant Acquisitions and Dispositions

Oil and Gas Properties

Provost Project, Alberta

In February 2003, the Company acquired a 100% interest in an oil well (16-28) and an 18% interest in a shut-in gas well (02/13-17) located in the Provost area of Alberta. The property encompasses 1,220 acres in the Provost area and the well initially produced 12 barrels of oil and associated liquids per day when acquired. This property was abandoned in 2007. During the year ended May 31, 2009, the Company recognized reclamation costs of $34,400 associated with environmental remediation for this property which amount has been added to the capitalized cost of the mineral property and recognized as a site restoration liability.

During the year ended May 31, 2010, the Company abandoned the oil well and determined that it would be required to perform additional reclamation work. Management’s best estimate of the cost for the associated reclamation work is $16,000. As at November 30, 2023, the estimate to perform the reclamation work is $54,000 (2023 - $32,000) based on quotations obtained by third party consultants. The Company previously deposited $16,000 with the Alberta Energy Resources Conservation Board (“AECB”), which amount is shown as restricted cash on the statement of financial position. The $16,000 deposit plus interest will be refunded once the AECB is satisfied that the Company has performed all necessary decommissioning activities.

During the six ended November 30, 2023, the Company has not incurred any reclamation work and has spent $nil (May 31, 2023 - $nil).

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Provost 16-28 Oil Well: This well was abandoned in October 2009.

Provost 02/13-17 Gas Well: This gas well was acquired in 2003. A 62.5 hr flow test was completed in August 2007. The well began producing in December 2007. It produced until the end of February 2009 at which point the well was shut-in by the operator due to low gas rates, low gas prices and increasing operating costs. In October 2019, the Company signed a Notice of Assignment with Tamarack Acquisition Corp (the “Assignee) to transfer 100% working interest in the shut-in gas well (02/13-17) located in the Provost area of Alberta for a total proceeds of $27,000.

Mineral Exploration Properties

Nuevo Taxco Silver-Gold Project, Mexico

On November 12, 2020, the Company entered into a property acquisition agreement with Impact Silver Corp. (“Impact Silver”) whereby the Company may earn a 100% interest in the Nuevo Taxco Silver-Gold Project (the “Property”) located approximately 80 km south west of Mexico City and west of the municipality of Tetipac within the Pregones Silver- Gold District (the “Transaction”).

On October 28, 2021 and further amended on October 30, 2023, the Company entered into an amending agreement to amend the payment and exploration expenditures.

Under the Agreement, the Company may earn a 100% interest in the Property by making certain staged cash payments, issuing common shares in the capital of the Company to Impact Silver and making exploration expenditures over a 3-year period as follows:

i. $1,000 in cash was paid upon execution of the letter of intent in respect of the Transaction (paid);
ii. $49,000 in cash (paid) and 500,000 common shares upon TSXV approval of the Transaction and closing of the Financing (the “Closing Date”) (issued);
iii. $100,000 in cash (paid) and 1,000,000 common shares on or before March 20, 2022 (issued);
iv. 1,500,000 common shares on or before October 31, 2023 (in lieu of cash) (issuance pending TSX approval);
v. 2,000,0000 common shares on or before October 20, 2024 or at the option of the Vendor for $150,000 and 500,000 common shares;
vi. $200,000 in exploration expenditures on or before March 20, 2022 (completed);
vii. $400,000 in exploration expenditures on or before March 20, 2023 (waived); and
viii. $800,000 in exploration expenditures on or before October 30, 2025.

The Company paid a finder’s fee with regards to the property acquisition equal to 10% of the value consideration for year one of the Agreement satisfied in common shares of the Company at the same price per share as the Transaction, being 100,000 common shares with a value of $10,000.

Impact Silver will retain a 1% net smelter return royalty with the Company retaining the right to acquire 100% of the royalty for a cash payment of $1,000,000.

During the year ended May 31, 2023, the Company did not meet the requirements of the agreement and therefore assessed the carrying value and impaired the property to $1.

During the year ended May 31, 2023, the Company assessed the carrying value and impaired the property to $1.

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1.3 SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

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May 31, 2023 May 31, 2022 May 31, 2021
Total revenues $ - $ - $ -
Loss before other items 1,001,279 699,964 347,766
Net loss 1,001,279 700,456 347,674
Loss per share basic and diluted $ 0.03 $ 0.02 $ 0.02
Total assets $ 122,450 $ 1,077,318 $ 1,079,955
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1.4 RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

These interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board and Interpretations issued by the International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee.

The Company has recorded a net loss of $84,922 or $0.00 per basic and diluted share (2023- $140,052 or 0.00 per basic and diluted share) and had a cumulative deficit of $36,705,475 for the six months ended November 30, 2023 as compared to a cumulative deficit of $36,620,553 for the year ended May 31, 2023.

For the three months ended November 30, 2023 and 2022

The Company recorded a net loss for the three months ended November 30, 2023 of $45,920 or $0.00 per basic and diluted share as compared to $50,532 or $0.00 per basic and diluted share for the three months ended November 30, 2022.

Total expenses were $46,178 for the three months ended November 30, 2023, a decrease of $6,082 as compared to $52,260 for the three months ended November 30, 2022.

Accounting and audit fees were increased by $251,

Filling and share transfer fees were decreased by 2,366,

Office expenses were decreased by $66,

Shareholders’ information fees were decreased by $974,

Travel expenses were decreased by $5,478,

Impairment of exploration and evaluation assets increased by $2,512.

For the six months ended November 30, 2023 and 2022

The Company recorded a net loss for the six months ended November 30, 2023 of $84,922 or $0.00 per basic and diluted share as compared to $140,052 or $0.00 per basic and diluted share for the six months ended November 30, 2022.

Total expenses were $85,419 for the six months ended November 30, 2023, a decrease of $56,444 as compared to $141,863 for the six months ended November 30, 2022.

Accounting and audit fees were increased by $1,593,

Filling and share transfer fees were increased by $648,

Office expenses were decreased by $3,096,

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Shareholders’ information fees were decreased by $1,344,

Travel expenses were decreased by $9,022,

Impairment of exploration and evaluation assets increased by $5,410,

Stock based compensation decreased by $50,626.

1.5 SUMMARY OF QUARTERLY RESULTS

The following table presents certain selected financial information on a quarterly basis:

	Revenue	Net loss	Net loss per share
Periods ended	$	$	$
November 30, 2023	-	(45,920)	(0.00)
August 31, 2023	-	(39,002)	(0.00)
May 31, 2023	-	(853,069)	(0.03)
February 28,2023	-	(58,778)	(0.00)
November 30, 2022	-	(50,532)	(0.00)
August 31, 2022	-	(89,520)	(0.00)
May 31, 2022	-	(40,276)	(0.00)
February28,2022	-	(76,475)	(0.00)

Net loss for the period ended May 31, 2023 was $853,069, mainly due to impairment of exploration and evaluation assets and impairment of petroleum and natural gas asset.

1.6 LIQUIDITY

At November 30, 2023, the Company had working capital deficit of $191,266 (May 31, 2023 - $105,848) and had not yet achieved profitable operations, has accumulated losses of $36,705,475 (May 31, 2023 - $36,620,553) since its inception and expects to incur further losses in the development of its business, all of which casts substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The Company’s ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to generate future profitable operations and/or to obtain the necessary financing including support from related parties to meet its ongoing levels of corporate overhead and discharge its liabilities as they come due. The Company is also depending on the continued patience of its related and third-party creditors with respect to outstanding amounts. At this time, the Company is managing its financial resources to minimize expenditures while it determines its future direction. These consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis which assumes that the Company will be able to realize its assets and discharge liabilities in the normal course of business.

Although the Company has been successful in the past in obtaining financing, there is no assurance that it will be able to obtain adequate financing in the future or that such financing will be on terms advantageous to the Company. Accordingly, these consolidated financial statements do not give effect to adjustments, if any that would be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern and, therefore, be required to realize its assets and liquidate its liabilities in other than the normal course of business and at amounts which may differ from those shown in these consolidated financial statements. These adjustments could be material.

Cash Flow from Operations

During the three months ended November 30, 2023, the Company had $20,371 cash out flow from operations compared to $45,639 in the same period last year. During the current period accounts payable increased by $3,897, due to related parties increased by $14,394 and accounts receivable decreased by $4,746.

During the six months ended November 30, 2023, the Company had $44,639 cash out flow from operations compared to $100,596 in the same period last year. During the current period accounts payable decreased by $8,976, due to related parties increased by $38,022 and accounts receivable decreased by $5,827.

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Investing Activities

During the three months ended November 30, 2023, the Company spend $2,769 in investing activities compared to $2,633 in the same period last year.

During the six months ended November 30, 2023, the Company spend $5,906 in investing activities compared to $12,087 in the same period last year.

Financing Activities

During the three months ended November 30, 2023, the Company has $nil financing activities compared $nil in the same period last year.

During the six months ended November 30, 2023, the Company has no financing activities compared to received $75,000 from share subscription.

Since incorporation, the Company’s capital resources have been limited. In addition to having to rely upon cash generated from operations, the Company has had to rely upon the sale of equity and debt securities for cash required for administration and development programs, among other things. While there are presently no known specific trends, events or uncertainties that are likely to result in the Company’s liquidity decreasing in any material way over the next year, it is unlikely that significant cash will be generated from operations over this period. Since the Company is unlikely to have significant cash flow, the Company will have to continue to rely upon equity and debt financing during such period. There can be no assurance that financing, whether debt or equity, will always be available to the Company in the amount required at any particular time or for any particular period or, if available, that it can be obtained on terms satisfactory to the Company. The Company does not have any commitments for material capital expenditures over either the near or long term and none are presently contemplated over normal operating requirements.

The Company’s working capital and liquidity fluctuate in proportion to its ongoing equity financing activities, as the Company does not generate significant cash flow from its operations. The Company requires a certain amount of liquid capital in order to sustain its operations, to meet various obligations as specified under the Company's resource property acquisition agreements. Should the Company fail to obtain future equity financing due to reasons as described above, it will not be able to meet these obligations and may lose its interests in the properties covered by the agreements. Further, should the Company be unable to obtain sufficient equity financing for working capital, it may be unable to meet its ongoing operational commitments. Continued operations are therefore dependent upon ongoing equity financing activities.

Dividend Record and Policy

The Company has not declared any dividends since incorporation and does not intend to declare dividends in the foreseeable future. If the Company generates earnings in future, it expects that they will be retained to finance future growth and, where appropriate, retire debt.

1.7 CAPITAL RESOURCES

The Company does not have significant revenue from its business and has relied on equity financings to meet its cash requirements. Although the Company has been successful in the past in obtaining financing through the sale of equity securities, there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to obtain adequate financing in the future.

No equity financings took place in the period ended November 30, 2023.

1.8 OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

The Company does not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.

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1.9 RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Key Management Compensation

Key management personnel are those persons having authority and responsibility for planning, directing and controlling the activities of the Company, directly or indirectly. Key management personnel include the Company’s executive officers and Board of Director members.

During the six months ended November 30, 2023, the Company entered into the following transactions with the related parties:

a) Accrued accounting fees of $9,000 (November 30, 2022- $7,200) with Jin Passage Consulting Inc. (a company controlled by the CFO of the Company).
b) Incurred and accrued consulting fees of $45,000 (November 30, 2022- $37,500) with Tehama Venture and Tehama Capital Corp. (companies controlled by the director, President and CEO of the Company).
c) As at November 30, 2023, $111,770 (May 31, 2023- $73,748) was owing to companies controlled by directors and officers of the Company.

1.10 CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

Critical Accounting estimates represent estimates that are highly uncertain and for which changes in those estimates could materially impact the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The Company makes estimates and assumptions about the future that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities. Estimates and judgments are continually evaluated based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual experience may differ from these estimates and assumptions. The effect of a change in an accounting estimate is recognized prospectively by including it in comprehensive income in the period of change, if the change affects that period only, or in the period of the change and future periods, if the change affects both. Information about critical accounting estimates and judgments in applying accounting policies that have the most significant risk of causing material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities recognized in the consolidated financial statements are discussed below:

Going concern assumption

The continued use of the going concern assumption is based on the Company’s judgments regarding the availability, timing, and costs of obtaining financing. The use of the going concern assumption is also based on the Company’s judgments regarding the continued support and patience of related parties and third party creditors. In applying the going concern assumption, the Company has not taken into account the uncertainty surrounding the timing of receipt of the restricted cash and the uncertainty surrounding the timing of payments of accounts and loans payable in determining the fair values of its financial instruments.

Provision for environmental rehabilitation

Provisions for environmental rehabilitation are based on the Company’s best estimate of the probable outflow to complete reclamation work. The final costs of the currently recognized environmental rehabilitation provision may be higher or lower than currently provided for.

Impairment of evaluation and exploration assets

The assessment of exploration and evaluation assets requires judgment to determine whether indicators of impairment exist including factors such as the period for which the Company has the right to explore, expected renewals of exploration rights, whether substantive expenditures on further exploration and evaluation of resource properties are budgeted and evaluation of the results of exploration and evaluation activities up to the reporting date. Management assessed impairment indicators for the Company’s exploration and evaluation assets and has concluded that no impairment indicators exist as of November 30, 2023.

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Income taxes

Provisions for income taxes requires judgement and estimates as to the future taxable profit and interpretation of tax laws. The final tax outcome could be materially different from tax amounts initially recorded and such differences will impact the current and deferred tax provisions in the period in which the tax outcome is determined.

1.11 FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS, RISK MANAGEMENT AND CAPITAL DISCLOSURES

(a) Fair value of financial instruments

IFRS requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. IFRS establishes a fair value hierarchy based on the level of independent, objective evidence surrounding the inputs used to measure fair value.

A financial instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. IFRS prioritizes the inputs into three levels that may be used to measure fair value.

Level 1: Valuations based on quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

Level 2: Valuations based on directly or indirectly observable inputs in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, other than Level 1 prices such as quoted interest or currency exchange rates; and

Level 3: Valuations based on significant inputs that are not derived from observable market data, such as discounted cash flow methodologies based on internal cash flow forecasts.

	Level 1	Level 2		Level 3		Total
November 30, 2023
Cash	$ 45,019	$	-	$	-	$ 45,019
Restricted cash	19,609		-		-	19,609
	$ 64,628	$	-	$	-	$ 64,628
May 31, 2023
Cash	$ 95,564	$	-	$	-	$ 95,564
Restricted cash	19,113		-		-	19,113
	$ 114,677	$	-	$	-	$ 114,677

The fair value of cash and restricted cash are determined based on Level 1 inputs which consist of quoted prices in active markets for identical assets. As at November 30, 2023, the Company believes that the carrying values of accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities and due to related parties approximate the fair values because of their short term to maturity.

(b) Risk management

Credit Risk

The Company is exposed to credit risk with respect to its cash. To minimize this risk, cash is placed with major Canadian financial institutions.

Interest Rate Risk

The Company is not exposed to significant interest rate risk due to the relatively short-term maturity of its monetary assets and liabilities.

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Liquidity Risk

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will not be able to meet its financial obligations as they fall due. The Company does not have operating cash flow and therefore has relied primarily on equity financings and loans from related parties to meet its capital requirements. As at November 30, 2023, the Company has a working capital deficit of $191,266 (May 31, 2023 - $105,848). The Company will need to obtain additional financing to meet the obligations as they come due.

Commodity Price Risk

The Company’s ability to raise capital to find exploration or development activities is subject to risk associated with fluctuations in the market prices of resource commodities.

(c) Capital management

The Company manages its capital, consisting of share and working capital, in a manner consistent with the risk characteristic of the assets it holds. All sources of financing are analyzed by management and approved by the board of directors.

The Company’s objectives when managing capital is to safeguard the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The Company is meeting its objective of managing capital through preparing short-term and long-term cash flow analysis to ensure an adequate amount of liquidity. The Company is not subject to any externally imposed capital restrictions.

There were no changes in the Company's approach to capital management during the year. The Company is not subject to any external restrictions on its capital.

The Company does not use derivative instruments or foreign exchange contracts to hedge against gains or losses arising from foreign exchange fluctuations.

1.12 FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND OTHER INSTRUMENTS

It is management’s opinion that the fair value of the Company’s cash, accounts receivable, due to related parties, and accounts payable, and accrued liabilities approximate their carrying value because they are due on demand. The maximum credit risks exposure for all financial assets is the carrying value of those assets.

1.13 OTHER MD&A REQUIRMENTS

Financial And Disclosure Controls and Procedures

During the period ended November 30, 2023, there has been no significant change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting since last year.

The Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the Company are responsible for establishing and maintaining appropriate information systems, procedures and controls to ensure that information used internally and disclosed externally is complete, reliable and timely. They are also responsible for establishing adequate internal controls over financial reporting to provide sufficient knowledge to support the representations made in this MD&A and the Company’s interim condensed consolidated financial statements for the period ended November 30, 2023 (together the “Interim Filings”). The Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the Company have filed the Venture Issuer Basic Certificate with the Interim Filings on SEDAR at www.sedar.com.

In contrast to the certificate required for non-venture issuers under National Instrument 52-109 Certification of Disclosure in Issuers’ Annual and Interim Filings (“NI 52-109”), the venture issuer basic certificate does not include representations relating to the establishment and maintenance of disclosure controls and procedures (“DC&P”) and internal control over financial reporting (“ICFR”), as defined in NI 52-109. Investors should be aware that inherent limitations on the ability of certifying officers of a venture issuer to design and implement on a cost effective basis DC&P and ICFR as defined in NI 52-109 may result in additional risks to the quality, reliability, transparency, and timeliness of interim and annual filings and other reports provided under securities legislation.

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Outstanding Share Data

The Company’s authorized share capital consists of unlimited common shares without par value. The Company has only one kind and class of shares and there are no unusual rights or restrictions attached to that class.

Additional Disclosure for Venture Issuers without Significant Revenue

Schedule of General and Administrative costs for the six months ended November 30, 2023 and 2022 :

For the six months ended November 30,			2023		2022
Expenses
Accounting and Audit	$		17,500	$	15,907
Bank charges			146		153
Consulting fees			45,000		45,000
Filing and share transfer fees			4,735		4,087
Office and administration			2,050		5,146
Shareholders' information			(499)		845
Travel			11,077		20,099
Stock-based compensation			-		50,626
Impairment of exploration and evaluation assets			5,410		-
		$	85,419	$	141,863