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Panoro Energy ASA

Annual Report Apr 30, 2015

3706_rns_2015-04-30_d5e669e0-6537-4817-8dcc-d9e825b98df8.pdf

Annual Report

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Panoro Energy

ANNUAL REPORT 2014

COMPANY OVERVIEW

CONTENTS:

Company overview 2
Assets 4
CEO Letter 6
Company Operations 8
Reserves and Contingent
Resources
10
Directors' Report 2014 14
Board of Directors 20
Senior Management 22
Consolidated Statement
of Comprehensive Income
24
Notes to the Consolidated
Financial Statements
28
Panoro Energy ASA Parent
Company Income Statement
57
Panoro Energy ASA Notes
to the Financial Statements
60
Executive Remuneration
Policies
70
Auditor's Report 72
Statement on Corporate
Governance in Panoro
Energy ASA
74
Corporate Social Responsibility
/ Ethical Code of Conduct
79
Glossary and Definitions 81

FINANCIAL CALENDAR:

MAY 27, 2015 FIRST QUARTER 2015 RESULTS AND ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING

AUGUST 20, 2015 SECOND QUARTER 2015 RESULTS

NOVEMBER 19, 2015 THIRD QUARTER 2015 RESULTS Panoro Energy ASA is an independent E&P company with assets in the West Africa region. The Company's headquarters is located in London. The Company is listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange with ticker "PEN".

C O M P A N Y O V E R V I E W

KEY FIGURES

EBITDA (USD million) (7.9)
EBIT (USD million) (8.0)
Net profit/loss (USD million) (8.9)
2P Reserves (MMBOE) 3.2
2C Contingent Resources (MMBOE) 36.3
Share price December 31, 2014 (NOK) 1.62

2014 HIGHLIGHTS

• EBITDA of USD (7.9) million

• Final Investment Decision taken on development of Cenomanian oil reservoir of Aje field in OML 113 license, Nigeria.

• Field Development Plan approved for Dussafu in Gabon and award of Exclusive Exploitation Authorisation

• Completion of sale of Brazilian subsidiary Rio das Contas for USD 140 million plus a contingent earn out of up to USD 20 million

• Full repayment of Senior Secured Callable Bond leaving the Company debt free.

GABON

• 33.333% interest in Dussafu Marin permit, offshore

NIGERIA

• 6.502% participating interest (12.19% revenue interest and 16.255% paying interest) in OML 113 Aje field, offshore

PANORO OFFICES

The Company maintains its registered address in Oslo, however operational headquarters are now centralised in the London Office

Dear Fellow Shareholders

Despite a very challenging oil and gas environment, 2014 has been a transformational year for Panoro Energy with the closing of the sale of our interests in the Manati Field in Brazil to Geopark for USD 140 million. The cash proceeds were used to repay all our outstanding bonds and as a result Panoro ended the calendar year as a debt free company with a strong cash balance of over USD 40 million. Subsequent to the exit of Brazil, Panoro was successfully repositioned as a pure West African exploration and development company with two core assets in Gabon and Nigeria.

With the exit of Brazil behind us, Panoro, with the assistance of Evercore Partners, then conducted a strategic review of the alternatives available to the company, including but not limited to various corporate transactions (sale, merger, acquisition, combination) amongst others. During this thorough competitive process, several expressions of interest were received but the Board determined that they did not represent sufficient value in light of Panoro's exciting portfolio of assets and strong cash position. Although the corporate sale process was formally terminated in November, the management team that I lead and the Board remain fully dedicated to review and assess all potential options for the benefits of Panoro's shareholders.

Across the oil and gas industry, companies have failed to predict the brutality of the oil prices collapse and Panoro was no different. The abrupt decline in oil prices has resulted in a very negative sentiment towards equity investments in oil and gas companies and Panoro has not been immune to this with a share price that drastically plunged in the second half of the year. As a sizeable shareholder, I share the pain and frustration of Panoro's shareholders, however as demonstrated by my recent additional purchases of shares, I remain strongly confident in Panoro's near and medium term outlook.

Stepping into the role as CEO in late 2014 further to the election of a renewed Board of Directors, we have taken immediate measures to ensure we restore shareholder value. Panoro has been more disciplined than ever before, with a focus on cash management, corporate reorganization and tight cost control to improve efficiency. As part of our continuing efforts to reduce its overhead costs, the decision to close the Oslo office was taken in December and at the end of 2014 the company had 7 employees compared with 23 at the end of 2013.

Core Operations

We have had a number of very positive developments and reached some key operational milestones in both Gabon and Nigeria that give us strong optimism for the future. In addition to the discovered resources both assets have new 3D seismic data which is showing very encouraging exploration potential on the acreage; on OML 113 upside potential in the synrift as a follow in to the adjacent Ogo discovery, and in Dussafu large pre-salt structures both near to existing discoveries and in deeper water.

In Gabon, in March 2014, Gaffney Cline & Associates, an independent reserves engineering firm, certified potentially recoverable gross 2C contingent resources of 33.4 MMbbls, based on a commercial evaluation of a development scenario with 2C potentially recoverable net entitlement resources of 6.8 MMbbls of oil. A Declaration of Commerciality of the discovered resources was made with the government of Gabon in June and an Exclusive Exploitation Authorization (EEA) for an 850.5 km2 area within the Dussafu PSC was subsequently awarded in July. A Field Development Plan (FDP) for the EEA was approved by the Gabonese Government in October. During 2014 we also conducted the processing of the new 3D seismic data and Panoro received the final seismic data set in December. This was a major step forward towards unlocking the large exploration upside in the Dussafu Permit. I am very enthusiastic about what I have seen to date, with numerous large prospects already identified and Panoro is continuing with its interpretation of the seismic data.

In Nigeria, the Joint Venture partners in the OML113 license have moved forward with the plan to commercialize the Aje field. In the first quarter of 2014 the Joint Venture partners received approval of the Field Development Plan (FDP) from the Nigerian authorities. The FDP is primarily focused on the development of the Cenomanian Oil reservoir and includes subsea production wells, tied back to a leased FPSO. In early October the Aje Joint Venture took a Final Investment Decision for the first phase of the Cenomanian Oil development comprising two production wells tied back to an FPSO and the project is currently being executed. The second phase of the FDP will comprise a further two production wells to access additional Cenomanian Oil resources and a decision will be made on this second phase during 2016. Future phases of the project may also include a Turonian/Albian gas condensate project which is currently considered as a separate development. Beyond this, Panoro is also looking forward to soon receiving the final processed seismic data from our 2014 seismic acquisition program. We believe that this will define significant additional upside in the license including any extension of the Ogo discovery from the neighboring licence.

Corporate Governance

In October Panoro shareholders elected a renewed Board of Directors that is fully dedicated to openness and accountability, as well as committed to maximizing shareholder value. Under the leadership of the Company's Chairman Julien Balkany, the new Board brings extensive international experience in the oil and gas industry, material ownership in the company and valuable new insights to Panoro.

With a view to be committed to best corporate governance practices and to fully align the interests of the directors of the Board and of the management with those of shareholders, the Board has decided to implement a share ownership policy for directors and management to ensure that they all have meaningful economic stake in the company.

In conclusion, I would like to highlight that despite the hurdles we face due to a difficult environment for oil and gas, I remain very excited by our highly attractive portfolio of exploration and development assets. Let me assure you that my ambition is to build a new company that excels beyond its peers and that takes advantage of every opportunity that may arise in this challenging market, in order to deliver value to Panoro's shareholders.

I would like to thank all the Company's shareholders for their continued support, commitment and patience.

Nishant Dighe CEO, Panoro Energy ASA

Nishant Dighe CEO, Panoro Energy ASA Panoro Energy currently has high quality exploration and development assets in West Africa, namely Dussafu the License offshore southern Gabon, and OML 113 offshore western Nigeria. Both assets have existing discoveries and an oil field development is currently underway in OML 113.

GABON

Dussafu Marin Permit (33.333% interest)

Covering an area of 2,775 square km, most of the block lies in less than 200m of water and has been explored since the 1970s. To the north west of the block is the Etame-Ebouri Trend, a collection of fields producing from the pre-salt Gamba sandstone, and to the north are the Lucina and M'Bya fields which produce from the syn-rift Lucina sandstones beneath the Gamba.

A total of 24 wells have been drilled on the Dussafu Block to date, of which five have been pre-salt discoveries (4 oil and 1 gas) and oil shows are present in most other wells. Panoro has participated in the last two of these pre-salt discoveries called Ruche (2011) and Tortue (2013) and as a result Panoro has a 100% exploration success record in the block. In 2014 a Declaration of Commerciality ("DOC") was signed followed by the award by the Government of Gabon of an Exclusive Exploitation Authorisation ("EEA") on July 17 of the same year. The executed DOC and award of the EEA means that the cluster of fields now called "Ruche", comprising the Ruche A, Ruche B, Ruche C and Ruche D discoveries (previously known as Ruche, Tortue, Moubenga and Walt Whitman fields) can now be commercially exploited.

The area awarded under the EEA covers 850.5 km2 and includes all four Ruche fields and numerous undrilled structures that could be economically and expeditiously developed through the Ruche development infrastructure. A field development plan ("FDP") was approved by the Government of Gabon shortly after the EEA award. The FDP describes the development of the 36.3 MMbbls 2C gross contingent resources confirmed by Gaffney Cline and Associates in their report of March 2014. 33.4 MMbbls of the 36.3 MMbbls 2C is commercially recoverable. The net entitlement to Panoro is 2C of 6.8 MMbbls. The plan envisages initial development drilling at Ruche A in the Gamba reservoir followed by Ruche B in the Gamba and Dentale reservoirs. The Ruche C and D drilling will follow. The wells will be tied back via subsea pipelines to Ruche A where oil will be processed and evacuated through a floating production, storage and offloading vessel (FPSO). The FDP anticipates that production from the Ruche EEA area will commence within 21 months of the project sanction.

A proposed FID in early 2015 for the development project has now been delayed. The reasons for the delay are the prevailing lower oil prices and uncertainties regarding the operator Harvest Natural Resources.

Exploration activities continue for Dussafu and the outboard 3D seismic data acquired in Q4 2013, covering an area of 1,260 km2, has completed processing in Q1 2015. Interpretation of these data is underway and initial potential prospective resources of over 500 MMbbls have been quantified within the EEA area. Under the recently awarded EEA certain of these structures are now exclusively exploitable by the Dussafu JV for a period of at least 10 years. 2C Contingent Resources related to the Dussafu license stood at 6.8 MMbbls per year-end 2014.

NIGERIA

OML 113 Aje field (6.502% participating interest, 12.19% revenue interest and 16.255% paying interest)

Panoro Energy ASA has a 6.502% interest in OML 113 which is operated by Yinka Folawiyo Petroleum (YFP) and is located in the extreme western part of offshore Nigeria adjacent to the Benin border. The licence contains the Aje field as well as a number of exploration prospects. Aje Field was discovered in 1997, in water depths ranging from 100-1500m. Unlike the majority of Nigerian Fields which are Tertiary sandstones, Aje has multiple oil, and gas condensate reservoirs in the Turonian, Cenomanian and Albian sandstones, and as such has more affinity with the Jubilee field offshore Ghana. Four wells have been drilled to date on the Aje Field. Aje-1 and Aje-2 tested oil and gas condensate at high rates. Aje-4, drilled in early 2008, logged significant pay and confirmed the presence of four productive reservoirs.

In March 2014 the Government of Nigeria approved the Aje Field Development Plan ("FDP") and in October 2014 the Final Investment Decision ("FID") for the project was made. The FDP describes a development of the Aje Cenomanian oil reservoir via subsea wells and a leased FPSO. The initial wells will produce an estimated mid case of 28.5MMbbls 41° API oil with production starting by the end of 2015 at a rate of 10,000 bbls/day. Two further wells are expected to bring total Cenomanian oil production up to over 50 MMbbls. A third Turonian gas condensate development phase is being conceptualised and will likely involve 3 or 4 wells producing over 500 bcf of gas, 22 MMbbls of condensate and 40 MMbbls of LPG. The development project activity is well underway with works on the FPSO and subsea equipment ongoing. Drilling is expected Q3 2015 followed by installation and production start-up by year end.

Processing of about 1,000 km2 of newly acquired 3D seismic data is underway with final depth migrated products expected during Q2 2015. It is expected that the new survey will provide a considerable improvement in data quality over the existing 3D data. The final data will enable better development planning for the second and third phases of development drilling on Aje and provide improved data to fully evaluate the exploration potential over the whole of the OML 113 license, including the exciting synrift exploration play that was significantly de-risked though the Ogo discovery made in OPL 310 in 2013.

At year-end 2014 net 2P Reserves related to OML 113 stood at 3.2 MMbbls and net 2C Contingent Resources stood at 29.5 MMbbls.

BRAZIL

Operations in Brazil

In 2014 all the Joint Venture partners decided to relinquish the remaining BS-3 blocks, Estrela do Mar and Cavalo Marinho. The relinquishment process is expected to conclude in 2015.

Panoro's interest In the Manati field was sold in a corporate sale in 2014.

These sales and relinquishments leave Panoro with no assets or reserves in Brazil.

R E S E R V E S A N D C O N T I N G E N T R E S O U R C E S

INTRODUCTION

Panoro's classification of reserves and resources complies with the guidelines established by the Oslo Stock Exchange and are based on the definitions set by the Petroleum Resources Management System (PRMS-2007), sponsored by the Society of Petroleum Engineers/ World Petroleum Council/ American Association of Petroleum Geologists/ Society of Petroleum Evaluation Engineers (SPE/WPC/ AAPG/ SPEE) as issued in March 2007.

Reserves are the volume of hydrocarbons that are expected to be produced from known accumulations:

  • In production
  • Under development
  • With development committed

Reserves are also classified according to the associated risks and probability that the reserves will be actually produced.

  • 1P Proven reserves represent volumes that will be recovered with 90% probability
  • 2P Proven + Probable represent volumes that will be recovered with 50% probability
  • 3P Proven + Probable + Possible volumes that will be recovered with 10% probability.

Contingent Resources are the volumes of hydrocarbons expected to be produced from known accumulations:

  • In planning phase
  • Where development is likely
  • Where development is unlikely with present basic assumptions
  • Under evaluation

Contingent Resources are reported as 1C, 2C, and 3C, reflecting similar probabilities as reserves.

DISCLAIMER

The information provided in this report reflects reservoir assessments, which in general must be recognized as subjective processes of estimating hydrocarbon volumes that cannot be measured in an exact way.

It should also be recognized that results of future drilling, testing, production, and new technology applications may justify revisions that could be material.

Certain assumptions on the future beyond Panoro's control have been made. These include assumptions made regarding market variations affecting both product prices and investment levels. As a result, actual developments may deviate materially from what is stated in this report.

PANORO ASSETS PORTFOLIO

As of year-end 2014, Panoro had one asset with reserves, OML 113 and two assets with contingent resources, OML 113 and Dussafu. A summary description of these assets with status as of year-end 2014 is included below. In addition we refer to the company's web-site for background information on the assets. Unless otherwise specified, all reserves figures quoted in this report are net to Panoro's interest.

Dussafu: offshore Gabon, operator Harvest Natural Resources, Panoro 33.33%

Dussafu is a large exploration block with several small oil fields, the most recent being the Ruche and Tortue discoveries.

In March 2014 GCA certified (3rd party) potentially recoverable gross 2C contingent Resources of 33.4 MMbbls, based on a commercial evaluation of a development scenario. This evaluation yields 2C potentially recoverable resources net to Panoro of 6.8 MMbbls of oil. These 2C Contingent Resources of 6.8 MMbbls are Panoro's net entitlement fraction of the Gross Field Resources under the terms of the PSC that governs the asset.

A Declaration of Commerciality of the discovered resources was made with the government of Gabon and an Exclusive Exploitation Authorization (EEA) for an 850.5 km2 area within the Dussafu PSC area was subsequently awarded in July 2014. A Field Development Plan (FDP) for the EEA area of 850.5 km2 was approved by the Gabonese Government in October 2014. The FDP describes the development of all the discovered resources in the EEA area consisting of Ruche A (formerly Ruche), Ruche B (formerly Tortue), Ruche C (formerly Moubenga) and Ruche D (formerly Walt Whitman). The FDP concept is based on a centrally located Floating Production Storage and Offloading vessel (FPSO) with sub-sea wells tied back from each of these discoveries.

OML 113 Aje: offshore Nigeria, operator Yinka Folawiyo Petroleum (YFP), Panoro 12.1913%

The OML 113 license, close to the border with Benin, contains the Aje field which is predominantly a Turonian age gas discovery with significant condensate but also contains a separate Cenomanian age oil leg.

In July 2014 AGR TRACS certified (3rd party) gross 1P Proven Reserves of 11.7 MMbbls in the Cenomanian age oil reservoir of the Aje field. Gross 2P Proven and Probable reserves in the same reservoir amount to 23.4 MMbbls. Panoro's net entitlement 1P Proven Reserves is 1.8 MMbbls and net entitlement 2P Proven and Probable Reserves is 3.2 MMbbs.

In addition to these reserves AGR TRACS also certified gross 1C Contingent Resources (in both the Cenomanian and Turonian age reservoirs) of 119.5 MMboe and 2C Contingent Resources of 179 MMboe. Panoro's net entitlement 1C Contingent Resources is 19.4 MMboe and net entitlement 2C Contingent Resources is 29.5 MMboe. The July 2014 AGR TRACS report upgraded an earlier December 2013 AGR TRACS reported 2C Contingent Resources from 26.6 MMboe to 29.5 MMboe.

A Field Development Plan (FDP) for Aje was approved by the Nigerian Government in March 2014. The first phase of the FDP comprises two production wells tied back to an FPSO and these wells will produce from the Cenomanian age oil reservoir to access the gross 2P reserves. A final investment decision for the first phase was made by the OML 113 Joint Venture partners in October 2014 and the project is currently being executed. The second phase of the FDP will comprise two additional production wells to access the remaining Cenomanian age gross 2C Contingent Resources of 15.7 MMbbls.

BS-3: offshore Brazil, operator Petrobras, Panoro 50- 65%

In 2014 all the Joint Venture partners decided to relinquish the BS-3 blocks. The relinquishment process is expected to conclude in 2015.

MANAGEMENT DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Panoro uses the services of Gaffney, Cline & Associates (GCA) and AGR TRACS for 3rd party verifications of its reserves and resources.

All evaluations are based on standard industry practice and methodology for production decline analysis and reservoir modeling based on geological and geophysical analysis.

The following discussions are a comparison of the volumes reported in previous reports, along with a discussion of the consequences for the year-end 2014 ASR:

•Dussafu: During 2014 significant steps towards commercialization of the block were taken with a Declaration of Commerciality, award of an Exclusive Exploitation Authorization and approval of a Field Development Plan. Lower oil prices towards the end of 2014 and early 2015 have delayed a Final Investment Decision in the project however, and the consequent reclassification of the Dussafu Contingent Resources to Reserves. It is likely that a an improved oil price environment will be required to progress this development. The possibility of additional drilling to prove additional resources may also be considered. These factors will be important to move the Contingent Resources to Reserves.

Aje: The first phase of the Aje Cenomanian age oil development is well underway with the approval of the development plan and project sanction achieved in 2014. We have now classified a portion of the Contingent Resources previously reported for Aje as Reserves. Once first oil is achieved for phase 1, which is planned for the end of 2015, work will continue on plans for phase 2 drilling to convert further Cenomanian Resources to Reserves. In the meantime we expect concept work on the large Turonian age resource to progress in 2015.

ASSET ACQUISITIONS/DISPOSALS DURING 2014:

Following the relinquishment of Coral in 2013, the remaining BS-3 blocks, Estrela do Mar and Cavalo Marinho, were relinquished in 2014. Furthermore, Panoro's interest in Manati field was sold in a corporate sale during 2014 and as such the reserves have been treated as disposed.

ASSUMPTIONS:

The commerciality and economic tests for the Aje reserves volumes were based on an oil price of US\$80/Bbl.

2014 – 2P DEVELOPMENT (MMBOE)

2P Reserves Development
(MMBOE)
Balance (previous ASR –December 31, 2013)
Production 2014
Acquisitions/disposals since previous ASR
New Developments since previous ASR
10.0
0.0
(10.0)
3.2
Balance (revised ASR) as of December 31, 2014 3.2

Panoro's total 1P-reserves at end of 2013 amount to 1.8 MMBOE. This reflects a reduction to account for the sale of the Manati asset and a July 2014 reserve report for the Aje field, conducted by AGR TRACS.

Panoro's 2P-reserves after similar adjustment is 3.2 MMBOE. Panoro's contingent Resource base includes discoveries of varying degrees of maturity towards development decisions. By end of 2014, Panoro's assets contain a total 2C volume of 36.3 MMBOE.

April 29, 2015

Nishant Dighe CEO

A N N E X R E S E R V E S S T A T E M E N T A S O F 3 1 . 1 2 . 2 0 1 4

ANNUAL STATEMENT OF RESERVES
Developed Assets
As of Dec. 31, 2014 1P/P90 2P/P50
Liquids Gas Total Net Liquids Gas Total Net
Panoro Energy MMbbl Bcf MMBOE Interest% MMBOE MMbbl Bcf MMBOE Interest% MMBOE
Total 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0
Under Development Assets
As of Dec. 31, 2014 1P/P90 2P/P50
Liquids Gas Total Net Liquids Gas Total Net
Panoro Energy MMbbl Bcf MMBOE Interest% MMBOE MMbbl Bcf MMBOE Interest% MMBOE
Aje field 11.7 0.0 11.7 12.1913% 1.8 23.4 0.0 23.4 12.1913% 3.2
Total 11.7 0.0 11.7 - 1.8 23.4 0.0 23.4 - 3.2
Non-Development Assets
As of Dec. 31, 2014 1P/P90 2P/P50
Liquids Gas Total Net Liquids Gas Total Net
Panoro Energy MMbbl Bcf MMBOE Interest% MMBOE MMbbl Bcf MMBOE Interest% MMBOE
Total 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0
Totals
Total assets 11.7 0.0 11.7 - 1.8 23.4 0.0 23.4 - 3.2

Reserves Development:

2P Reserves Development (MMBOE)
Balance (previous ASR –December 31, 2013) 10.0
Production 2014 0.0
Acquisitions/disposals since previous ASR (10.0)
Extensions and discoveries since previous ASR 0.0
New developments since previous ASR 3.2
Revisions of previous estimates 0.0
Balance (revised ASR) as of December 31, 2014 3.2

Contingent Resources summary:

Asset 2C MMBOE
(as of YE2013)
2C MMBOE
(as of this report)
Aje
Dussafu
*
26.6
11.0
29.5
6.8
Totals 37.6 36.3

* Aje 2C increase due to AGR TRACS revision of July 2014

** Dussafu YE2013 2C reported working interest share whilst this report shows net entitlement fraction under the terms of the PSC. Gross field resources have not changed

Panoro Energy ASA ("Panoro" or the "Company") is an independent E&P company with a primary office in London and listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange with Ticker PEN. The Company's business activities are focussed on its high quality exploration and development assets in West Africa, namely Dussafu License offshore southern Gabon, and OML 113 offshore western Nigeria. Both assets have existing discoveries and an oil field development is currently underway in OML 113.

As of year-end 2014, Panoro had one asset classified with reserves and two with contingent resources. Proved and probable (2P) reserves as of year-end 2014 were 3.2 MMBOE and best estimate (2C) contingent resources as of year-end 2014 were 36.3 MMBOE.

OPERATIONS

Operations in Gabon

Covering an area of 2,775 square km, most of the block lies in less than 200m of water and has been explored since the 1970s. To the north west of the block is the Etame-Ebouri Trend, a collection of fields producing from the pre-salt Gamba sandstone, and to the north are the Lucina and M'Bya fields which produce from the syn-rift Lucina sandstones beneath the Gamba.

A total of 24 wells have been drilled on the Dussafu Block to date, of which five have been pre-salt discoveries (4 oil and 1 gas) and oil shows are present in most other wells. Panoro has participated in the last two of these pre-salt discoveries called Ruche (2011) and Tortue (2013) and as a result Panoro has a 100% exploration success record in the block. In 2014 a Declaration of Commerciality ("DOC") was signed followed by the award by the Government of Gabon of an Exclusive Exploitation Authorisation ("EEA") on July 17 of the same year. The executed DOC and award of the EEA means that the cluster of fields now called "Ruche", comprising the Ruche A, Ruche B, Ruche C and Ruche D discoveries (previously known as Ruche, Tortue, Moubenga and Walt Whitman fields) can now be commercially exploited.

The area awarded under the EEA covers 850.5 km2 and includes all four Ruche fields and numerous undrilled structures that could be economically and expeditiously developed through the Ruche development infrastructure. A field development plan ("FDP") was approved by the Government of Gabon shortly after the EEA award. The FDP describes the development of the 36.3 MMbbls 2C gross contingent resources confirmed by Gaffney Cline and Associates in their report of March 2014. 33.4 MMbbls of the 36.3 MMbbls 2C is commercially recoverable. The net entitlement to Panoro is 2C of 6.8 MMbbls. The plan envisages initial development drilling at Ruche A in the Gamba reservoir followed by Ruche B in the Gamba and Dentale reservoirs. The Ruche C and D drilling will follow. The wells will be tied back via subsea pipelines to Ruche A where oil will be processed and evacuated will be through a floating production, storage and offloading vessel (FPSO). The FDP anticipates that production from the Ruche EEA area will commence within 21 months of the project sanction.

A proposed FID in early 2015 for the development project has now been delayed. The reasons for the delay are the prevailing lower oil prices and uncertainties regarding the operator Harvest Natural Resources.

Exploration activities continue for Dussafu and the outboard 3D seismic data acquired in Q4 2013, covering an area of 1,260 km2, has completed processing in Q1 2015. Interpretation of these data is underway and initial potential prospective resources of over 500 MMbbls have been quantified within the EEA area. Under the recently awarded EEA certain of these structures are now exclusively exploitable by the Dussafu JV for a period of at least 10 years.

2C Contingent Resources related to the Dussafu license stood at 6.8 MMbbls per year-end 2014.

Operations in Nigeria

Panoro Energy ASA has a 6.502% interest in OML 113 which is operated by Yinka Folawiyo Petroleum (YFP) and is located in the extreme western part of offshore Nigeria adjacent to the Benin border. The licence contains the Aje field as well as a number of exploration prospects. Aje Field was discovered in 1997, in water depths ranging from 100-1500m. Unlike the majority of Nigerian Fields which are Tertiary sandstones, Aje has multiple oil, gas and gas condensate reservoirs in the Turonian, Cenomanian and Albian sandstones, and as such has more affinity with the Jubilee field offshore Ghana. Four wells have been drilled to date on the Aje Field. Aje-1 and Aje-2 tested oil and gas condensate at high rates. Aje-4, drilled in early 2008, logged significant pay and confirmed the presence of four productive reservoirs.

In March 2014 the Government of Nigeria approved of the Aje Field Development Plan ("FDP") and in October 2014 the Final Investment Decision ("FID") for the project was made. The FDP describes a development of the Aje Cenomanian oil reservoir via two subsea wells and a leased FPSO. The initial 2 wells will produce an estimated mid case of 28.5MMbbls 41° API oil with production starting by the end of 2015 at a rate of 10,000 bbls/ day. Two further wells are expected to bring total Cenomanian oil production up to over 50 MMbbls. A third Turonian gas condensate development phase is being conceptualised and will likely involve 3 or 4 wells producing over 500 bcf of gas, 22 MMbbls of condensate and 40 MMbbls of LPG. The development project activity is well underway with works on the FPSO and subsea equipment ongoing. Drilling is expected mid 2015 followed by installation and production start-up by year end.

Processing of about 1,000 km2 of newly acquired 3D seismic data is underway with depth migrated products expected during Q2 2015. It is expected that the new survey will provide a considerable improvement in data quality over the existing 3D data. It is envisaged that the data will enable better development planning for the second and third phases of development drilling on Aje and provide improved data to fully evaluate the exploration potential over the whole of the OML 113 license, including the exciting synrift exploration play that was significantly de-risked though the Ogo discovery made in OPL 310 in 2013.

At year-end 2014 2P Reserves related to OML 113 stood at 3.2 MMbbls and 2C Contingent Resources stood at 29.5 MMbbls.

Operations in Brazil

In 2014 all the Joint Venture partners decided to relinquish the remaining BS-3 blocks, Estrela do Mar and Cavalo Marinho. The relinquishment process is expected to conclude in 2015.

Panoro's interest In the Manati field was sold in a corporate sale in 2014.

These sales and relinquishments leave Panoro with no assets or reserves in Brazil.

The Board of Directors confirms that the annual financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the going concern assumption, in accordance with §3-3a of the Norwegian Accounting Act, and that this assumption was realistic as at the balance sheet date. The going concern assumption is based upon the financial position of the Company and the development plans currently in place. In the Board of Directors' view, the annual accounts give a true and fair view of the group's assets and liabilities, financial position and results. Panoro Energy ASA is the parent company of the Panoro Group. Its financial statements have been prepared on the assumption that Panoro Energy will continue as a going concern. However, there are uncertainties related to this assessment.

Although, the Company has USD 40.9 million in cash and bank balances as of December 31, 2014, a significant portion of this cash is earmarked for investment in development of the Aje Cenomanian Oil field which is scheduled to start production by end of 2015. As is inherent in every oil field development, project delays and cost overruns could potentially increase the investment and may result in erosion of the headroom the Company has over expected outflows. Given the uncertainty around the financial situation of certain JV Partners, as has been publicly released by these companies, it is possible that the cost of investment for Panoro may increase in the foreseeable future. Consequently the Company may need to further improve its financial base to cover these costs and to have a fully funded business plan for the next 12 months. Such improvements might come from Panoro increasing interest in its Licences, from portfolio optimization, including dilution of interest in its projects in exchange for project funding, assets sales, farm downs and/or a potential strengthening of the balance sheet through conventional financial sources such as debt and convertible bonds. In an event additional funding is necessary and cannot be secured under the best terms and in the best interest of shareholders, the Company has the option to withdraw from its projects thereby reducing the spending commitment on development project.

Management and the Board have taken active measures to source appropriate funding from debt markets and are confident that a gap, if any, for funding and liquidity can be filled.

Panoro Energy ASA prepares its financial statements in accordance with the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), as provided for by the EU and the Norwegian Accounting Act.

The consolidated accounts are presented in US dollars.

The below analysis compares 2014 with 2013 figures:

FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE AND ACTIVITIES

Condensed Consolidated Income Statement

2013
Restated*
- 7,000
- 7,000
(1,523) (653)
(327) (1,856)
(686) -
2014
General and administrative costs (5,388) (5,956)
Total operating expenses (7,924) (8,465)
EBITDA (7,924) (1,465)
Depreciation (76) (92)
Gain / (loss) on disposal of exploration
and evaluation assets
- (1,681)
Share based payments (34) (218)
EBIT (8,034) (3,456)
Net financial items (4,020) (21,373)
Loss before taxes (12,054) (24,829)
Income tax benefit / (expense) 25 (209)
Net loss from continuing operations (12,029) (25,038)
Net income / (loss) from discontinued
operations
3,145 (29,715)
Net income / (loss) for the period (8,884) (54,753)

* Restated to consistently reflect discontinued operations separately from continuing business activities

From a financial statements perspective, the closure of operations in Brazil is disclosed as "discontinued operations" and as such has been reported separately from the "continuing business activities". In order to present the discontinued operations separately, an allocation of income and costs arising from Brazilian operations has been made and all periods presented have been reclassified to reflect these adjustments. On an overall basis, there is no restatement of results in the prior periods presented and only a split of continuing and discontinued operations has been made in the income statement presented above.

Income statement

The analysis of results as presented below is based on reclassified income statement balances after segregating discontinued operations. There was no reported revenue from continuing activities in the current year compared to USD 7.0 million of other income in 2013 on termination of OML 113 sale agreement with Lekoil.

Exploration related costs and operator G&A increased to USD 1.5 million, in comparison to USD 0.7 million in 2013. The increase is a direct correlation to the advancement of both Aje and Dussafu through their respective development phases.

Strategic review costs in 2014 amounted to USD 0.3 million, representing overheads incurred on the corporate sale process that has been terminated on November 5, 2014. These costs are of a one-off nature and are not expected to be incurred in the forthcoming year. In comparison, such costs in 2013 amounted to USD 1.9 million representing a sizeable decline in the current year.

Severance and restructuring costs represent USD 0.7 million and are primarily arising from closure of theOslo and Brazil offices. The overall costs of severance in Brazil has been allocated between continuing and discontinued activities in order to align some of core head office functions which were historically undertaken from Brazil office.

General and administration costs (G&A) declined to USD 5.4 million in 2014 from USD 6.0 million in 2013. The reduction is due to efficiencies arising from cost reduction programme undertaken

by management.

Continuing earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) hence amounted to a negative USD 7.9 million in 2014, down from negative USD 1.5 million in 2013. The decline mainly reflects other income of USD 7 million termination fee recognised in 2013.

Depreciation decreased marginally to USD 76 thousand during the year from USD 92 thousand in 2013.

Loss on disposal of the Company's MKB permit in Republic of Congo was USD 1.7 million, which was recognised during 2013.

Share based payment charges were USD 34 thousand in the current year, compared to USD 0.2 million in 2013. The decline is mainly due to leavers and a declining balance of unvested options compared to prior year. As of year-end, all outstanding options are completely vested and exercisable.

Earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) from continuing operations were hence a negative USD 8.0 million for the full year 2014, compared to a negative USD 3.5 million in the previous year. Increase in loss is due to absence of one-off termination income recognised in 2013.

Net financial items amounted to a negative USD 4.0 million in 2014, including net interest and redemption costs of USD 12.5 million, net other financial costs of USD 0.1 million offset by the reversal of the effects of re-measurement of bond liability USD 8.7 million and a net foreign exchange loss of USD 61 thousand. This compared to net financial items of a negative USD 21.4 million in the year ended December 31, 2013, including net interest costs of USD 15.2 million, the effects of re-measurement of bond liability USD 8.7 million and a net foreign exchange gain of USD 2.6 million.

The net loss before tax from continuing operations was hence USD 12.1 million in 2014, compared to a net loss before tax of USD 24.8 million in 2013. The change mainly reflects lower interest costs in 2014 due to early redemption of bond loans.

The Group reflected an income tax benefit of USD 25 thousand in 2014, compared to a tax loss of USD 0.2 million in 2013. The reported net loss from continuing operations was thus USD 12.0 million in 2014, compared to a net loss of USD 25.0 million in 2013.

Discontinued operations for the year 2014 generated a positive USD 38.3 million of income offset by effects of recycling of accumulated currency translation of USD 35.2 million arising on sale of Rio das Contas that has been routed through statement of comprehensive income for disclosure purposes. This compares to a loss from discontinued operations of USD 29.7 million in 2013. The results for 2014 mainly represent gain on sale of shares in Rio das Contas compared to the operating income from operations in Brazil in the prior year.

Other comprehensive income of a positive USD 3.4 million reflects translation of Brazilian subsidiaries for reporting purposes. In addition, a positive USD 35.2 million movement of recycling of accumulated currency translation on sale of Rio das Contas is included as other comprehensive income. In comparison, translation differences were negative USD 19.1 million in the prior year.

Total comprehensive income was USD 29.7 million for 2014, compared to a total comprehensive loss of USD 73.9 million for 2013. All of the comprehensive income was attributable to shareholders of the parent company.

Statement of financial position

The Group's total assets of USD 154.0 million at the end of 2014 correspond to a decline of USD 107.4 million from USD 261.4 million at the end of 2013. The decline was a result of repayment of bond loan after the sale of the Company's subsidiary Rio das Contas in Brazil thereby reducing the Brazilian assets on the balance sheet and leaving the Company debt free.

The decline in total assets mainly reflects the negative effect of USD 96.9 million derecognition of held for sale assets in Brazil and USD 11.9 million decline in deferred tax assets.

Total non-current assets declined to USD 106.7 million (2013: USD 106.8 million) due to expensing of deferred tax asset balance of USD 11.9 million in 2014 to be offset by the capitalisation of investment in Aje and Dussafu with a corresponding amount. Total current assets stood at USD 47.2 million at the end of 2014 (2013: USD 57.7 million). The decline mainly reflects a reduction in cash and bank balances to USD 40.9 million (2013: USD 56.8 million). Trade and other receivables stood at USD 6.3 million at December 31, 2104 (2013: USD 1.0 million) with the increase representing unapplied cash held in Aje and Dussafu joint venture accounts with operators as of December 31, 2014.

During 2013, the Group entered into an agreement with GeoPark to sell the entire shareholding in its subsidiary Rio das Contas for a cash consideration of USD 140 million. The transaction is effective from April 1, 2013 and as such all balances related to Rio das Contas were classified as assets held for sale which stood at USD 96.9 million at the end of 2013. On March 31, 2014, the sale transaction completed and the assets held for sale were de-recognised from the statement of financial position.

Equity increased to USD 148.1 million (2013: USD 118.4 million), reflecting mainly the net income for the year resulting from disposal of Rio das Contas and recycling of accumulated foreign currency translation gains to the statement of comprehensive income. There were no changes in the share capital during the year.

Non-current liabilities were USD 4.4 million in both years and represented deferred tax liability arising on a business combination in 2010. Current liabilities amounted to USD 1.5 million (2013: USD 124.2 million), with the decrease mainly due to full repayment of bond liability in 2014.

Liabilities directly associated with assets classified as held for sale in 2013 amounted to USD 14.4 million and represented reclassifications of divested balances in relation to Rio das Contas (Manati) in accordance with the requirements of IFRS 5. These liabilities were de-recognised in 2014 on the completion of sale of Rio das Contas.

Cash flows

Net cash flow from operating activities amounted to negative USD 9.2 million in 2014, compared to inflows USD 18.3 million in 2013. The decline is primarily explained by lower income from Brazilian operations in 2013.

Net cash flow from investing activities was an inflow of USD 119.2 million in 2014, compared to an inflow of USD 3.0 million in 2013. The cash inflow in 2014 mainly relate to the collection of the sale proceeds on completion of the Rio das Contas sale of USD 139.1 million. Offset by investment in oil and gas assets of USD 19.9 million.

Net cash flow from financing activities represented a cash outflow of USD 123 million in 2014, mainly comprising bond redemption and interest of USD 123.4 million offset by USD 0.4 million of financial income. This compares to a cash outflow from financing activities of USD 29.0 million in 2013, including USD 15.1 million in net financial charges and USD 13.9 million of bond repayment.

Foreign exchange impact on cash balances was a negative USD 0.2 million in 2014 and a negative USD 8.7 million in 2013.

Cash and cash equivalents thus declined to USD 40.9 million (2013: USD 54.2 million not including restricted cash balances of USD 2.6 million).

ALLOCATION OF PROFITS AND LOSSES

Parent company financial information

(Amounts in USD 000) 2014 2013
Total revenues 150 101
Operating expenses
Depreciation (3) (6)
General and administrative costs (2,524) (3,670)
Intercompany recharges (2,583) (3,434)
Share based payments 7 (99)
Loss on disposal of tangible assets (5) -
Impairment of investment in subsid
iary
(22,750) (111,660)
Write-down of capitalised explora
tion costs
- (512)
Total operating expenses (27,858) (119,381)
Earnings before interest and tax
(EBIT)
(27,708) (119,280)
Net interest and financial items (31) (16,069)
Loss before taxes (27,739) (135,349)
Income tax benefit / (expense) - -
Net loss (27,739) (135,349)

The total comprehensive loss of USD 27.7 million for 2014 was in its entirety attributable to the shareholders of the parent company.

The parent company Panoro Energy ASA had a net result of USD 27.7 million loss in 2014 (2013: USD 135.3 million loss). The Board of Directors propose that the net loss is allocated to other equity. Distributable equity in Panoro Energy ASA as per December 31, 2014 was nil. The Board of Directors does not propose an ordinary dividend for 2014.

Revenue in the parent company amounted to USD 0.1 million in 2014 (2013: USD 0.1 million), primarily reflecting management fee income from subsidiaries. EBIT was a negative USD 27.7 million (2013: negative USD 119.3 million), comprising general and administrative costs of USD 2.5 million (2013: USD 3.7 million), USD 22.8 million in impairment of investment in subsidiaries (2013: USD 111.7 million), USD Nil of exploration costs write-downs (2013: USD 0.5 million) and USD 2.6 million in intercompany charges (2013: USD 3.4 million).

Net financial items were a negative USD 31 thousand (2013: USD negative 16.1 million) mainly representing bond interest expenses partially offset by finance income. The 2013 charge also includes USD 8.7 million non-cash effect of re-measurement of bond liability to include an anticipated 6% early redemption premium. The 2014 charge only represents bond interest up to repayment date of April 4, 2014.

The parent company had total assets of USD 150.8 million per December 31, 2014 (2013: USD 298.8 million), representing mainly investments and loans to subsidiaries of USD 110.2 million (2013: USD 247.7 million), cash balances of USD 38.5 million (2013: USD 48.9 million), and other assets of USD 2.2 million (2013: USD 2.2 million). Investments and intercompany receivables have declined, mainly reflecting capital reduction in Company's subsidiary Panoro Energy do Brasil Ltda to repatriate funds necessary to repay the bond. The decline also included USD 22.8 million of impairment of investments recognised in 2014. The decline in the cash balance mainly reflects funding of investments in Africa and servicing of bond commitments.

Total liabilities in the parent company amounted to USD 5.0 million (2013: USD 125.1 million), comprising USD 4.5 million of Intercompany payables (2013: USD 5.6 million) and USD 0.5 million relating to accounts and other payables (2013: USD 0.6 million). The comparative period also included USD 118.9 million of bond loan due within one year that was fully repaid in April 2014.

Equity amounted to USD 145.8 million at December 31, 2014 (2013: USD 173.7 million) which has primarily declined due to loss for the year.

FUNDING

The Company had focus on cash preservation and corporate sale during 2014. With challenging markets, oil price levels and after termination of a time consuming corporate sale process, the Company have utmost focus on balancing its cash preservation with carefully honouring its investment commitments. During the year the Company's cash position were mainly reduced due to investments in Aje and Dussafu. The cumulative cash balance as of December 31, 2014 was USD 40.9 million compared to USD 56.8 million of cash resources as of December 31, 2013. On an overall basis the cash position remained consistent since the close of 2013 considering the investments made in Aje field development.

RISK FACTORS

Operational risk factors

The development of oil and gas fields in which the Company is involved is associated with technical risk, alignment in consortiums with regards to development plans, and on obtaining necessary licenses and approvals from the authorities. Disruptions of operations might lead to cost overruns and production shortfall, or delays compared to the schedules laid out by the operator of the fields. As a non-operator, the Company has limited influence on operational risks related to exploration and development of the licenses and fields in which it has interests.

As the Company is exiting Brazil there are potential tax liabilities related among others to the divestment of Rio das Contas. In addition there are uncertainties related to the abandonment costs of BS-3 licenses.

Operating in a low oil price environment also poses challenges to project financing/ funding and an inherent counterparty risk exists in terms of the financial capability of the Joint Venture partners. Based on information which has been publicly released by certain of these partners, there is a risk that funding shortfalls may result in Panoro increasing its interest in its Licences.

The Company's ability to successfully bid on and acquire additional property rights, to discover reserves, to participate in drilling opportunities and to identify and enter into commercial arrangements with customers will be dependent upon developing and maintaining close working relationships with industry partners, joint operators and authorities, as well as its ability to select and evaluate suitable properties, and complete transactions in a highly competitive environment.

Financial risk factors

Financial risk is managed by the finance department in close co-operation with the business units, under policies approved by the Board of Directors. The overall risk management program seeks to minimize the potential adverse effects of unpredictable fluctuations in financial and commodity markets on financial performance, i.e., risks associated with currency exposures, debt servicing and oil and gas prices. Financial instruments such as derivatives, forward contracts and currency swaps are continuously being evaluated for the hedging of such risk exposures.

Due to the international nature of its operations, the Company is exposed to risk arising from currency exposure, primarily with respect to the Norwegian Kroner (NOK), the US Dollar (USD), and, to a lesser extent, the Pound Sterling (GBP) and Brazilian Reais (BRL). Most of the cash balance is held in USD with institutions of excellent credit standing and the currency risk exposure is very limited.

The Company is debt free and has no interest rate risk exposure The Company's cash holdings and bank balances are held in various currencies in different countries, and are subject to interest rate risk and credit risk.

Panoro Energy held cash and bank balances amounting to USD 40.9 million per December 31, 2014 which is sufficient liquidity given the Company's current stake in operations and capital expenditure commitments.

Panoro Energy has firm capital expenditure commitments estimated to approximately USD 27 million in 2015. In addition, committed guarantee deposit with respect to FPSO on Aje field is in the region of USD 4 million. The investment commitments mainly relate to Panoro's existing 16.255% paying interest in Aje field development which was sanctioned by the OML 113 Joint Venture partners in 2014. Beyond 2014, the Company has not made any exploration or license commitments.

ORGANIZATION AND HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT (HSE)

The management of the Company is led by CEO Nishant Dighe. Mr. Dighe holds a Masters Degree in Chemical and Petroleum Engineering and a Masters degree in Business Administration and more than 20 years of experience working with oil and gas companies. He is supported by CFO Qazi Qadeer and Technical Director Richard Morton both based in London.

At the end of 2014, Panoro Energy employed 7 persons (including part-time employees), whereof 6 in UK and 1 in Brazil. This was a decline from 23 people at the end of 2013. As of March 1, 2015, Panoro Energy employed 6 persons who are all based in UK. The workforce has been reduced as a result of the ongoing efforts to reduce G&A costs and divestment of assets in Brazil. The staff headcount is being further reduced to 5 personnel by end of May 2015. The remaining 5 employees are permanent and based in the UK.

The Company emphasizes the importance of a good working environment both for the individual employee and for the work to achieve Company goals and objectives. The objective is to create a constructive working environment characterized by a spirit where ideas and initiatives are welcome, founded on mutual trust between employees, management and the Board of Directors.

Panoro Energy's vision for Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) is to avoid accidents and incidents and minimize the impact of its activities on the environment. Panoro performs all its activities with focus on and respect for people and the environment. The Board believes this is a key condition for creating value in a very demanding business. The Company's vision for health, environment, safety and quality (HSEQ) is zero accidents and zero unwanted incidents in all activities. The Company strives towards performing all its activities with no harm to people or the environment. Panoro experienced no major accidents, injuries, incidents or any environmental claims during the year.

Company time lost due to employee illness or accidents was less than 1 per cent of total hours worked during the year. Employee safety is of the highest priority, and company policies imply continuous work towards identifying and employing administrative and technical solutions that ensure a safe and efficient workplace.

The Company has established a set of operational guidelines building on its principles of Corporate Governance, covering critical operational aspects ranging from ethical issues and practical travel advice to delegation of authority matrices.

The asset bases in West Africa mean frequent travel, and the Company seeks to ensure adequate safety levels for employees travelling. An emergency preparedness organization has been established, in which membership in International SOS is a key factor. International SOS provides updated risk assessments, medical support and evacuation services worldwide.

As a non-operator, Panoro is dependent on the efforts of the operators with respect to achieving physical results in the field. However, the Company has chosen to take an active role in all license committees with the conviction that high safety standards are the best means to achieve successful operations. Through this involvement, the Company can influence the choice of technical solutions, vendors and quality of applied procedures and practices.

The Company's operations have been conducted by the operators on behalf of the licensees, at acceptable HSE standards. No accidents that resulted in loss of human lives or serious damage to people or property have been reported.

Panoro Energy is committed to work towards minimizing waste and pollution as a consequence of its activities. Operations are centralised in the London office which do not pollute the environment. Due to a central team in place in London the travel requirements have been greatly reduced.

As described above, all operating activities are being conducted by operators on behalf of the Company, and to the best of the Company's knowledge, all operations have been conducted within the limits set by approved environmental regulatory authorities.

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

The main objective for Panoro Energy ASA's Corporate Governance is to develop a strong, sustainable and competitive company in the best interest of the shareholders, employees and society at large, within the laws and regulations of the respective country. The Board and management aim for a controlled and profitable development and long-term creation of growth through well-founded governance principles and risk management.

Panoro Energy acknowledges that successful value-added business is profoundly dependent upon transparency and internal and external confidence and trust. Panoro Energy believes that this is achieved by building a solid reputation based on our financial performance, our values and by fulfilling our promises. Thus, good corporate governance combined with Panoro Energy's Code of Conduct is an important tool in helping the Board to ensure that we properly discharge our duty.

The composition of the Board ensures that the Board represents the common interests of all shareholders and meets the Company's need for expertise, capacity and diversity. The members of the Board represent a wide range of experience including shipping, offshore energy, banking and investment. The composition of the Board ensures that it can operate independently of any special interests. Members of the Board are elected for a period of two years. Recruitment of members of the Board will be phased so that the entire Board is not replaced at the same time. The Chairman of the Board of Directors is elected by the General Meeting.

Any acquisition of own shares will be at market price, and the Company will not deviate from the principle of equal treatment of all shareholders. Any decision to deviate from the principle of equal treatment by waiving the pre-emption rights of existing shareholders to subscribe for shares in the event of an increase in share capital will be justified. Such deviation will be made only if in the common interest of the shareholders and the Company.

The Board may be given a power of attorney by the General Meeting to acquire the Company's own shares. If the Board of Directors resolves to carry out an increase in share capital on the basis of a mandate granted to the Board, the justification for waiving pre-emption rights of existing shareholders will be disclosed in the stock exchange announcement of the increase in share capital.

In the event that the Company carries out any transactions in its own shares, these will be carried out through a regulated marketplace at market price. If there is limited liquidity in the Company's shares at the time of such transaction, the Company will consider other ways to ensure equal treatment of all shareholders.

The Company has not granted any loans or guarantees to anyone in the management or any of the directors.

The Board acknowledges the Norwegian Code of Practice for Corporate Governance of October 30, 2014 and the principle of comply or explain. Panoro Energy has implemented the Code and will use its guidelines as the basis for the Board's governance duties. A summary of the corporate governance policy is incorporated in a separate section of this report and a lengthier version of the policy is posted on the Company's website at www.panoroenergy.com.

The Company has implemented a policy for Ethical Code of Conduct and work diligently to comply with these guidelines. The full policy is enclosed in this annual report (see section Ethical Code of Conduct).

DISCRIMINATION AND EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES

Panoro Energy is an equal opportunity employer, with an equality concept integrated in its human resources policies. A diversified working environment is embraced, and the Company's personnel policies promote equal opportunities and rights and prevent discrimination based on gender, ethnicity, colour, language, religion or belief. All employees are governed by Panoro Energy's Code of Conduct, to ensure uniformity in behaviour across a workforce representing 4 different nationalities.

Panoro Energy is a knowledge-based company in which a majority of the workforce has earned college or university level educations, or has obtained industry-recognized skills and qualifications specific to their job requirements. Employees are remunerated exclusively based upon skill level, performance and position.

57% of the employees were men and 43% women (57% and 43%, respectively at the end of 2013). There are currently no women in Panoro Energy's senior management.

DIRECTORS AND SHAREHOLDERS

According to its articles of association, the Company shall have a minimum of three and a maximum of eight directors on its Board. The number of Board members was four at year end 2014, all non-executive directors. The members have varied backgrounds and experience, offering the Company valuable perspectives on industrial, operational and financial issues. Two of the four current Board members are female. The Board held 17 meetings during the year. Pursuant to an Extraordinary General Meeting held on October 14, 2014, the current directors were elected to form the Board.

REPORTING OF PAYMENT TO GOVERNMENTS

Panoro Energy has prepared a report of government payments in accordance with Norwegian Accounting Act § 3-3 d) and accordance with Norwegian Securities Trading Act § 5-5a, which represents a new requirement applicable from the fiscal year 2014. It states that companies engaged in activities within the extractive industries shall annually prepare and publish a report containing information about their payments to governments at country and project level.

The report is provided on page 77 of this annual report and on Company's website www.panoroenergy.com.

OUTLOOK

2014 has been a year of change for Panoro and the Company. 2015 is set to be a challenging year with low oil prices expected to prevail. With cash in hand and two quality assets, Panoro is better positioned than many of its peers to successfully navigate this difficult environment. With the Aje field currently in the execution phase of the Cenomanian Oil development, we look forward to reaching the important milestone of first oil by year end. This will be a key step in the monetisation of all the discovered hydrocarbon resources and will have broader significance in that it will open up to production a new hydrocarbon basin in Nigeria. Plans for developing the significant gas, condensate and LPG resources on the license should also be crystallised during this year and we also look forward to the new 2014 seismic data over the OML113 license being fully interpreted to better delineate the additional exploration opportunities that exist on the license. In particular we hope to get a better understanding of the potential that the new synrift play may hold within the OML113 license.

In Dussafu, the outboard seismic shot in 2013 and processed in 2014 has already demonstrated the significant exploration potential that remains on this license. When added to the previously discovered resource base, there is the opportunity for significant value creation moving forward. However in the short term, the challenges facing the operator of the license will be a drag on the license and clarification of this situation will have an important bearing on how we move forward.

Whilst both OML113 and Dussafu hold significant potential, the Board is very aware of the difficult macro environment facing small E&P companies. As a result the Board will remain open to all opportunities to deliver value.

The Board wishes to thank the staff and shareholders for their continued commitment to the Company.

Julien Balkany Chairman of the Board

Alexandra Herger Non-Executive Director

April 29, 2015 The Board of Directors Panoro Energy ASA

Silje Christine Augustson Non-Executive Director

Nishant Dighe Chief Executive Officer

Lars Brandeggen Non-Executive Director

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

JULIEN BALKANY

Chairman of the Board

Mr. Julien Balkany, Chairman of the Board, has served as managing member and Founder of Nanes Balkany Partners LLC, a NY-based activist hedge fund which primarily pursues value investments in publicly traded oil and gas companies, since January 2008. Mr. Balkany has been since May 2014 a Non-Executive Director of Gasfrac Energy Services (ticker: GFS CN), a Calgary-based oil and gas fracking services company listed on the TSX since May this year. Mr. Balkany has also served as Vice-Chairman and Director of Toreador Resources Corp. (ticker: TRGL US), an oil and gas exploration and production company with operations in Continental Europe and listed on the NASDAQ, from January 2009 to March 2011. Mr. Balkany is also the Chairman of the Advisory Board of Stellar Energy, a London-based Investment Bank dedicated to the oil and gas industry. At the same time, Mr. Balkany has been a Managing Director at Nanes Delorme Capital Management LLC, a New York based financial advisory and broker-dealer firm, since 2005. Before joining Nanes Delorme Capital Management LLC and co- founding Nanes Balkany Partners, Mr. Balkany worked at Pierson Capital, a U.S. private investment firm focused primarily on emerging markets, from 2003 to 2005. Prior to that Mr. Balkany gained significant expertise in the Emerging Markets Debt Capital Markets Group of Bear Stearns & Co., Inc. Mr. Balkany studied Political Science at the Institute of Political Studies (France) and Finance at UC Berkeley. Mr. Balkany is fluent in French, English and Spanish.

M. Balkany is a French citizen and resides in London, UK.

SILJE CHRISTINE AUGUSTSON

Non-Executive Director

Ms. Silje Augustson, a Norwegian citizen based in Switzerland, has significant experience from the capital markets and the financial services industries mainly based out of London. Her experience spans from roles within equity sales and research in investment banking, to business development, strategy, capital raising and restructuring. Since 2004, she has held several board directorships in the area of fund management and industry, leading restructuring situations as well lead roles in activist investor campaigns. In addition to being a non-executive of Panoro, she is Chair of Norwegian Energy Company ASA, as well as on the board of the Storm Nordic Fund and the Storm Bond Fund. Ms. Augustson has held positions with JP Morgan, The Brunswick Group, Theorema Asset Management, Belay Asset and Management. She holds a Deug in Economics from the University of Toulouse UT1 (1996), and a Master in European Management/Diplome de Grande Ecole from ESCP-EAP (1999).

Ms. Augustson is a Norwegian citizen and resides in Valais, Switzerland.

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

ALEXANDRA HERGER

Non-Executive Director

Ms. Alexandra Herger, has extensive leadership experience in worldwide exploration for oil and gas companies. Ms. Herger has 35 years of global experience in the upstream oil and gas industry. She most recently served as interim Vice President of Global Exploration for Marathon Oil Corporation from April 2014 until her retirement during the summer of 2014. Prior to this position, Ms. Herger was appointed Director of International Exploration and New Ventures for Marathon Oil Company from November 2008 to April 2014. She led five new country entries and was responsible for adding net discovered resources of over 500 million boe to Marathon's portfolio. Before joining Marathon, she was at Shell E&P Company from 2002-2006. Prior to the merger with Shell, Ms. Herger was Vice President of the Gulf of Mexico for Enterprise Oil from 1998-2002. Earlier, Ms. Herger held positions of increasing responsibility in oil and gas exploration and production, operations, and planning with Hess Corporation and ExxonMobil Corporation. Ms. Herger holds a Bachelor's degree in geology from Ohio Wesleyan University and post-graduate studies in geology from The University of Houston. Ms. Herger is a member of Leadership Texas, the Foundation for Women's Resources, and was on the advisory board of the Women's Global Leadership Conference in Houston, Texas from 2010 to 2013.

Ms. Herger is a US citizen and resides in Maine, USA.

LARS BRANDEGGEN

Non-Executive Director

Mr. Lars Brandeggen is a private investor with Scandinavian markets expertise. He is the Founder and owner of investor community XtraInvestor.com. Chairman of Nordic Financials (ticker NOFIN.OL), he was elected Chairman of NOFIN as an activist investor in January 2014 and under his successful leadership, by September the same year NOFIN had returned to the shareholders an impressive increment of 120% of the share price at that time. Prior to this he served as the Chairman of 1880 Directory Assistance – the second largest telephone directory assistance company in Norway (sold to Findexa). Mr. Brandeggen was also previously Chairman of real estate service company Sigma and managed the process that ended with the company being sold to Sodexho. Mr. Brandeggen's experience spans previous roles in commercial and investment banking (analyst & corporate finance). He holds a MBA from University of Lund, Sweden.

Mr. Brandeggen is a Norwegian citizen and resides in Oslo, Norway.

SENIOR MANAGEMENT

NISHANT DIGHE

Chief Executive Officer

Mr. Nishant Dighe has over 20 years of experience in oil and gas. He has Masters degrees in Chemical Engineering and Petroleum Engineering from Imperial College, London, and an MBA from Warwick University. Originally trained as a reservoir engineer, Nish held technical positions in ExxonMobil in the UK and US on assets located in the North Sea, Europe, US, Middle East and Africa. He has also worked with Marakon Associates, a value-based management consultancy, with South African company Sasol and with Energy Equity Resources. In 2007 Nish co-founded Pan-Petroleum ultimately leading to the creation of Panoro Energy. During this period he has also held positions of CEO of African Energy Equity Resources and President Africa.

Mr. Dighe is a British citizen and resides in London, UK.

QAZI QADEER

Chief Financial Officer

Mr. Qazi Qadeer is a Chartered Accountant with a Fellow membership of Institute of Chartered Accountants of Pakistan. Qazi joined Panoro at its inception in 2010 as Group Finance Controller. Previously he has worked for PriceWaterhouseCoopers in Karachi, Pakistan and briefly served as Internal audit manager in Pak-Arab Refinery before relocating to London, where he has spent more than five years with Ernst & Young's energy and extractive industry assurance practice; working on various projects for large and small oil & gas and mining companies. He has worked on several high profile projects including the divestment of BP plc's chemicals business in 2005 and IPO of Gem Diamonds Limited in 2006.

Mr. Qadeer is a British citizen and resides in London, UK.

RICHARD MORTON

Technical Director

Mr. Richard Morton has 24 years of experience in exploration, production, development and management in the oil and gas industry. Originally a highly qualified geophysicist, he has expanded his portfolio of skills progressively into operational and asset management. He has worked in a number of challenging contracting and operating environments, including as Centrica Energy's Exploration Manager for Nigeria. He has been with Panoro Energy since 2008 with responsibilities for project and technical management of Panoro's African exploration and development assets. Richard obtained a B.Sc. in Physics from Essex University in 1989 and went on to complete a M.Sc. in Applied Geophysics from the University of Birmingham the following year.

Mr. Morton is a British citizen and resides in London, UK.

FOR THE YEAR JANUARY 1, 2014 TO DECEMBER 31, 2014

USD 000 Note 2014 2013
CONTINUING OPERATIONS Restated *
Revenue
Other income 3 - 7,000
Total revenue - 7,000
Expenses
Exploration related costs and operator G&A (1,523) (653)
General and administrative costs 4 (5,388) (5,956)
Strategic review costs (327) (1,856)
Severance and restructuring costs (686) -
Gain/(loss) on disposal of exploration and evaluation assets - (1,681)
Depreciation 9 (76) (92)
Share based payments 16 (34) (218)
Total operating expenses (8,034) (10,456)
Operating loss 4 (8,034) (3,456)
Net foreign exchange (loss)/gain (61) 2,640
Interest costs net of income / Effect of re-measurement of bond liability 5 (3,830) (23,933)
Other financial costs 5 (129) (80)
Loss before income taxes (12,054) (24,829)
Income tax benefit / (expense) 6 25 (209)
Net loss from continuing operations (12,029) (25,038)
DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS
Net income / (loss) from discontinued operations 12 3,145 (29,715)
Net loss for the period (8,884) (54,753)
Exchange differences arising from translation of foreign operations 3,406 (19,138)
Recycling of accumulated currency translation on sale of subsidiary 35,195 -
Other comprehensive income / (loss) for the period (net of tax) 38,601 (19,138)
Total comprehensive income / (loss) 29,717 (73,891)
Net loss attributable to:
Equity holders of the parent (8,884) (54,752)
Total comprehensive income / (loss) attributable to:
Equity holders of the parent 29,717 (73,891)
Earnings per share 7
(USD) – Basic and diluted - Income/(loss) for the period attributable to equity holders of the parent
- Total
(0.04) (0.23)
(USD) – Basic and diluted - Income/(loss) for the period attributable to equity holders of the parent –
Continuing operations
(0.05) (0.11)

The annexed notes form an integral part of these financial statements.

* Restated to consistently reflect discontinued operations separately from continuing business activities

AS AT DECEMBER 31, 2014

USD 000 Note 2014 2013
ASSETS
Non-current assets
Intangible assets
Licenses and exploration assets 8 61,480 94,755
Development assets 8 45,169 -
Deferred tax assets 6 - 11,899
Total intangible assets 106,649 106,654
Tangible assets
Property, furniture, fixtures and equipment 9 94 189
Total tangible assets 94 189
Total non-current assets 106,743 106,843
Current assets
Trade and other receivables 10 6,279 969
Cash and cash equivalents 11 40,941 54,152
Restricted cash 11 - 2,604
Total current assets 47,220 57,725
Assets classified as held for sale 12 - 96,856
TOTAL ASSETS 153,963 261,424
EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
Equity
Share capital 13 56,333 56,333
Share premium 288,858 288,858
Additional paid-in capital 65,914 66,021
Total paid-in equity 411,105 411,212
Other reserves 13 (43.376) (81,976)
Retained earnings (219.672) (210.788)
Total equity attributable to shareholder of the parent 148,057 118,448
Non-current liabilities
Deferred tax liability 6 4,376 4,376
Total non-current liabilities 4,376 4,376
Current liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 15 1,530 5,268
Current interest bearing debt 14 - 118,912
Total current liabilities 1,530 124,180
Liabilities directly associated with assets classified as held for sale 12 - 14,420
TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 153,963 261,424

The annexed notes form an integral part of these financial statements.

AS AT DECEMBER 31, 2014

Attributable to the equity holders of the parent

Note Issued Share Additional Retained Other Currency Total
USD 000 capital premium paid-in
capital
earnings reserves translation
reserve
At January 1, 2013 56,333 288,858 65,786 (156,035) (37,647) (25,192) 192,103
Net income/(loss) - Continuing
Operations
- - - (25,038) - - (25,038)
Net income/(loss) - Discontinued
Operations
- - - (29,715) - - (29,715)
Other comprehensive income/(loss) - - - - - (19,138) (19,138)
Total comprehensive income/(loss) - - - (54,753) - (19,138) (73,891)
Employee share options 16 - - 235 - - - 235
At December 31, 2013 56,333 288,858 66,021 (210,788) (37,647) (44,330) 118,448
Net income/(loss) – Continuing
Operations
- - - (12,029) - - (12,029)
Net income/(loss) – Discontinued
Operations
- - - 3,145 - 35,195 38,340
Other comprehensive income/(loss) - - - - - 3,406 3,406
Total comprehensive income/(loss) - - - (8,884) - 38,601 29,717
Employee share options 16 - - (107) - - - (107)
At December 31, 2014 56,333 288,858 65,914 (219,672) (37,647) (5,729) 148,057

The annexed notes form an integral part of these financial statements.

FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2014

USD 000 Note 2014 2013
Cash flows from operating activities Restated *
Net (loss) / income for the year before tax – Continuing operations (12,054) (24,829)
Net (loss) / income for the year before tax – Discontinued operations 15,845 (19,104)
Net (loss) / income for the year before tax 3,791 (43,933)
Adjusted for:
Depreciation 3 79 2,459
Recycling accumulated currency translation on sale of subsidiary 35.195 -
Effect of re-measurement of bond liability 5 (8.694) 8,694
Other income 3 - (10,500)
Impairment and asset write off 12 755 46,815
(Gain) / loss on disposal of subsidiary /assets 12 (53,495) 1,681
Net finance costs 12,064 14,189
Share-based payments 16 (108) 235
Foreign exchange loss / (gain) 212 (706)
Increase/(decrease) in trade and other payables 1.443 2,584
(Increase)/decrease in trade and other receivables (459) 1,177
Taxes paid - (4,432)
Net cash flows from operating activities (9,217) 18,263
Cash flows from investing activities
Investment in exploration, production and other assets 8.9 (19,911) (22,030)
Proceeds from disposal of subsidiary (net of costs) 12 139,100 35,000
Incidental income on termination of sale agreement 3 - 7,000
Cash and cash equivalents classified as held for sale 11 - (17,015)
Net cash flows from investing activities 119,189 2,955
Cash flows from financing activities
Net financial cost (paid)/income received 386 (15,403)
Repayment of bond 14 (123,394) (13,850)
Movement in restricted cash balance - 276
Net cash flows from financing activities (123,008) (28,977)
Effect of foreign currency translation adjustment on cash balances (175) (8,712)
Change in cash and cash equivalents during the period (13,211) (16,471)
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period 54,152 70,623
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period 40,941 54,152

* Restated to consistently reflect discontinued operations separately from continuing business activities

NOTE 1. CORPORATE INFORMATION

The parent company, Panoro Energy ASA ("the Company"), was incorporated on April 28, 2009 as a public limited company under the Norwegian Public Limited Companies Act. The registered organization number of the Company is 994 051 067 and its registered office is Dronning Maudsgt. 1-3, 0124 Oslo, Norway.

The Company and its subsidiaries are engaged in the exploration and production of oil and gas resources in West Africa. The consolidated financial statements of the Group for the year ended December 31, 2014 were authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on April 29, 2015.

The Board of Directors confirms that the annual financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the going concern assumption, in accordance with §3-3a of the Norwegian Accounting Act, and that this assumption was realistic as at the balance sheet date. The going concern assumption is based upon the financial position of the Group and the development plans currently in place.

The financial statements are based on the going concern assumption. However, there are uncertainties related to this assessment. Given the uncertainty around the financial situation of Partners, as has been publicly shared by these companies, it is possible that the cost of investment for Panoro may increase in the foreseeable future. Consequently the Company may need to further improve its financial base to cover these costs and to have a fully funded business plan for the next 12 months. Such improvements might come from portfolio optimization, including dilution of interest in its projects in exchange of project funding, assets sales, farm downs and/or a potential strengthening of the balance sheet through conventional financial sources such as debt and convertible bonds. In an event additional funding is necessary and cannot be secured under the best terms and in the best interest of shareholders, the Company has the option to withdraw from its projects thereby reducing the spending commitment on development project. See also the Board of Directors report and note 18.

NOTE 2. BASIS OF PREPARATION

The consolidated financial statements of Panoro Energy ASA and its subsidiaries ("Panoro" or the "Group") have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as adopted by the European Union ("EU"). The consolidated financial statements are prepared on a historical cost basis, except for certain financial instruments which have been measured at fair value.

The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements are set out below. These policies have been consistently applied to all years presented, unless otherwise stated.

The consolidated financial statements are presented in USD, which is the functional currency of Panoro Energy ASA. The amounts in these financial statements have been rounded to the nearest USD thousand unless otherwise stated.

NOTE 2.1. BASIS OF CONSOLIDATION

The consolidated financial statements include Panoro Energy ASA and its subsidiaries as of December 31 for each year.

Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date of acquisition, being the date on which the Group obtains control, and continue to be consolidated until the date that such control ceases.

The financial statements of the subsidiaries are prepared for the same reporting period as the parent company, using consistent accounting policies.

All intra-group balances, transactions and unrealised gains and losses resulting from intra-group transactions and dividends are eliminated in full.

Non-controlling interests in subsidiaries are identified separately from the Group's equity therein. Total comprehensive income is attributed to non-controlling interests even if this results in the non-controlling interests having a deficit balance.

A change in the ownership interest of a subsidiary, without a loss of control, is accounted for as an equity transaction. If the Group loses control over a subsidiary, it:

  • derecognises the assets (including goodwill) and liabilities of the subsidiary
  • derecognises the carrying amount of any NCI
  • derecognises the cumulative translation differences recognised in equity
  • recognises the fair value of the consideration received
  • recognises the fair value of any investment retained
  • recognises any surplus or deficit in profit or loss
  • reclassifies the parent's share of components previously recognised in other comprehensive income to profit or loss or retained earnings, as appropriate.

The purchase method of accounting is applied for business combinations. The cost of the acquisition is measured as the aggregate of the fair values, at the date of exchange, of assets given, liabilities incurred or assumed, and equity instruments issued by the acquirer, in exchange for control of the acquirer.

If the initial accounting for a business combination can only be determined provisionally, then provisional values are used. However,

NOTE 2.2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING JUDGMENTS, ESTIMATES AND ASSUMPTIONS

a. Estimates and assumptions

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with IFRS as adopted by the EU requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Estimates and judgments are continuously evaluated and are based on management's experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. However, actual outcomes can differ from these estimates.

In particular, significant areas of estimation uncertainty considered by management in preparing the consolidated financial statements are as follows:

Hydrocarbon reserve and resource estimates

Hydrocarbon reserves are estimates of the amount of hydrocarbons that can be economically and legally extracted from the Group's oil and gas properties The Group estimates its commercial reserves and resources based on information compiled by appropriately qualified persons relating to the geological and technical data on the size, depth, shape and grade of the hydrocarbon body and suitable production techniques and recovery rates. Commercial reserves are determined using estimates of oil and gas in place, recovery factors and future commodity prices, the latter having an impact on the total amount of recoverable reserves and the proportion of the gross reserves which are attributable to the host government under the terms of the Production-Sharing Agreements. Future development costs are estimated using assumptions as to the number of wells required to produce the commercial reserves, the cost of such wells and associated production facilities, and other capital costs.

The Group estimates and reports hydrocarbon reserves in line with the principles contained in the SPE Petroleum Resources Management Reporting System (PRMS) framework and generally obtains independent evaluations for each asset whenever new information becomes available that materially influences the reported results. As the economic assumptions used may change and as additional geological information is obtained during the operation of a field, estimates of recoverable reserves may change. Such changes may impact the Group's reported financial position and results, which include:

  • The carrying value of exploration and evaluation assets; oil and gas properties; property, plant and equipment; and goodwill may be affected due to changes in estimated future cash flows
  • Depreciation and amortisation charges in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income may change where such charges are determined using the UOP method, or where the useful life of the related assets change
  • Provisions for decommissioning may change where changes to the reserve estimates affect expectations about when such activities will occur and the associated cost of these activities
  • The recognition and carrying value of deferred tax assets may change due to changes in the judgements regarding the existence of such assets and in estimates of the likely recovery of such assets

Exploration and evaluation expenditures

The application of the Group's accounting policy for exploration and evaluation expenditure requires judgement to determine whether future economic benefits are likely, from future either exploitation or sale, or whether activities have not reached a stage which permits a reasonable assessment of the existence of reserves. The determination of reserves and resources is itself an estimation process that requires varying degrees of uncertainty depending on how the resources are classified. These estimates directly impact when the Group defers exploration and evaluation expenditure. The deferral policy requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions about future events and circumstances, in particular, whether an economically viable extraction operation can be established. Any such estimates and assumptions may change as new information becomes available. If, after expenditure is capitalised, information becomes available suggesting that the recovery of the expenditure is unlikely, the relevant capitalised amount is written off in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income in the period when the new information becomes available.

Asset retirement costs and obligations

Asset retirement costs will be incurred by the Group at the end of the operating life of certain Group facilities and properties. The ultimate asset retirement costs are uncertain and cost estimates can vary in response to many factors including changes to relevant legal requirements, the emergence of new restoration techniques or experience at other production sites. The expected timing and amount of expenditure can also change, for example in response to changes in reserves or changes in laws and regulations or their interpretation. As a result, there could be significant adjustments to the provisions established which would affect future financial results.

Income taxes

The Group recognises the net future tax benefit related to deferred income tax assets to the extent that it is probable that the deductible temporary differences will reverse in the foreseeable future. Assessing the recoverability of deferred income tax assets requires the Group to make significant estimates related to expectations of future taxable income. Estimates of future taxable income are based on forecast cash flows from operations and the application of existing tax laws in each jurisdiction, to the extent that future cash flows and taxable income differ significantly from estimates. The ability of the Group to realise the net deferred tax assets recorded at the date of the statement of financial position could be impacted.

Additionally future changes in tax laws in the jurisdictions in which the Group operates could limit the ability of the Group to obtain tax deductions in future periods.

b. Judgments

In the process of applying the Group's accounting policies, the directors have made the following judgments, apart from those involving estimates, which have the most significant effect on the amounts recognised in the consolidated financial statements:

Impairment indicators

The Group assesses each cash-generating unit annually to determine whether an indication of impairment exists. When an indication of impairment exists, a formal estimate of the recoverable amount is made.

The recoverable amounts of cash-generating units and individual assets have been determined based on the higher of value-in-use calculations and fair values less costs to sell. These calculations require the use of estimates and assumptions. It is reasonably possible that the oil price assumption may change which may then impact the estimated life of the field and may then require a material adjustment to the carrying value of tangible assets. The Group monitors internal and external indicators of impairment relating to its tangible and intangible assets.

Technical risk in development of oil and gas fields and production start-up

The development of the oil and gas fields, in which the Group has an ownership, is associated with significant technical risk and uncertainty with regards to timing of production start. Risks include, but are not limited to, cost overruns, production disruptions as well as delays compared to initial plans laid out by the operator. Some of the most important risk factors are related to the determination of reserves, the recoverability of reserves, and the planning of a cost efficient and suitable production method. There are also technical risks present in the production phase that may cause cost overruns, failed investment and destruction of wells and reservoirs.

Asset retirement obligations

Asset retirement costs will be incurred by the Group at the end of the operating life of some of the Group's facilities and properties. The Group assesses its retirement obligation at each reporting date. The ultimate asset retirement costs are uncertain and cost estimates can vary in response to many factors, including changes to relevant legal requirements, the emergence of new restoration techniques or experience at other production sites. The expected timing, extent and amount of expenditure can also change, for example in response to changes in reserves or changes in laws and regulations or their interpretation. Therefore, significant estimates and assumptions are made in determining the provision for asset retirement obligation. As a result, there could be significant adjustments to the provisions established which would affect future financial results. The provision at reporting date represents management's best estimate of the present value of the future asset retirement costs required.

Recovery of deferred tax assets

Judgement is required to determine which types of arrangements are considered to be a tax on income in contrast to an operating cost. Judgement is also required in determining whether deferred tax assets are recognised in the statement of financial position. Deferred tax assets, including those arising from un-utilised tax losses, require management to assess the likelihood that the Group will generate sufficient taxable earnings in future periods, in order to utilise recognised deferred tax assets. Assumptions about the generation of future taxable profits depend on management's estimates of future cash flows. These estimates of future taxable income are based on forecast cash flows from operations (which are impacted by production and sales volumes, oil and natural gas prices, reserves, operating costs, decommissioning costs, capital expenditure, dividends and other capital management transactions) and judgement about the application of existing tax laws in each jurisdiction. To the extent that future cash flows and taxable income differ significantly from estimates, the ability of the Group to realise the net deferred tax assets recorded at the reporting date could be impacted.

In addition, future changes in tax laws in the jurisdictions in which the Group operates could limit the ability of the Group to obtain tax deductions in future periods.

Contingencies

By their nature, contingencies will only be resolved when one or more future events occur or fail to occur. The assessment of contingencies inherently involves the exercise of significant judgment and estimates of the outcome of future events.

NOTE 2.3. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

a. Interests in joint arrangements

A joint arrangement is an arrangement over which two or more parties have joint control. Joint control is the contractually agreed sharing of control of an arrangement, which exists only when decisions about the relevant activities (being those that significantly affect the returns of the arrangement) require unanimous consent of the parties sharing control.

(i) Joint operations

A joint operation is a type of joint arrangement whereby the parties that have joint control of the arrangement have rights to the assets and obligations for the liabilities, relating to the arrangement.

In relation to its interests in joint operations, the Group recognises its:

  • Assets, including its share of any assets held jointly
  • Liabilities, including its share of any liabilities incurred jointly
  • Revenue from the sale of its share of the output arising from the joint operation
  • Share of the revenue from the sale of the output by the joint operation
  • Expenses, including its share of any expenses incurred jointly

(ii)Joint ventures

A joint venture is a type of joint arrangement whereby the parties that have joint control of the arrangement have rights to the net assets of the joint arrangement. The Group's investment in its joint venture is accounted for using the equity method.

Under the equity method, the investment in the joint venture is initially recognised at cost. The carrying amount of the investment is adjusted to recognise changes in the Group's share of net assets of the joint venture since the acquisition date. Goodwill relating to the joint venture is included in the carrying amount of the investment and is not individually tested for impairment.

The statement of profit or loss reflects the Group's share of the results of operations of the joint venture. Unrealised gains and losses resulting from transactions between the Group and the joint venture are eliminated to the extent of the interest in the joint venture.

The aggregate of the Group's share of profit or loss of the joint venture is shown on the face of the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income as part of operating profit and represents profit or loss after tax and NCI in the subsidiaries of the joint venture.

The financial statements of the joint venture are prepared for the same reporting period as the Group. When necessary, adjustments are made to bring the accounting policies in line with those of the Group.

At each reporting date, the Group determines whether there is objective evidence that the investment in the joint venture is

impaired. If there is such evidence, the Group calculates the amount of impairment as the difference between the recoverable amount of the joint venture and its carrying value, and then recognises the loss as 'Share of profit of a joint venture' in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income.

On loss of joint control over the joint venture, the Group measures and recognises any retained investment at its fair value. Any difference between the carrying amount of the joint venture upon loss of joint control and the fair value of the retained investment and proceeds from disposal is recognised in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income.

(iii)Reimbursement of costs of the operator of the joint arrangement

When the Group, acting as an operator or manager of a joint arrangement, receives reimbursement of direct costs recharged to the joint arrangement, such recharges represent reimbursements of costs that the operator incurred as an agent for the joint arrangement and therefore have no effect on profit or loss.

When the Group charges a management fee (based on a fixed percentage of total costs incurred for the year) to cover other general costs incurred in carrying out the activities on behalf of the joint arrangement, it is not acting as an agent. Therefore, the general overhead expenses and the management fee are recognised in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income as an expense and income, respectively.

b. Foreign Currency translation

Items included in the financial statements of each of the Group's entities are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates ('the functional currency').

The functional currency of the Group's subsidiaries incorporated in Gabon, Nigeria, Cyprus, Netherlands and the Cayman Islands is the US dollar ('USD'). The functional currency of the Group's Brazilian subsidiaries is Reais ('BRL') and for the British subsidiaries is the Pound Sterling ('GBP').

In the consolidated financial statements, the assets and liabilities of non-USD functional currency subsidiaries are translated into USD at the rate of exchange ruling at the balance sheet date. The results and cash flows of non-USD functional currency subsidiaries are translated into USD using applicable average rates as an approximation for the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the different transactions. Foreign exchange adjustments arising when the opening net assets and the profits for the year retained by non-USD functional currency subsidiaries are translated into USD are taken to a separate component of equity.

The foreign exchange rates applied were:

2014 2013
Average rate Reporting date rate Average rate Reporting date rate
Norwegian Kroner/USD 6.3054 7.4285 5.8797 6.0750
Brazilian Real/USD 2.4078 2.6559 2.1605 2.3426
USD/British Pound 1.6477 1.5608 1.5644 1.6528

Transactions in foreign currencies are initially recorded at the functional currency spot rate ruling at the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the functional currency spot rate of exchange ruling at the reporting date. All differences are taken to the income statement. Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in foreign currency are translated using the spot exchange rates as at the dates of the initial transactions. Non-monetary items measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the date when the fair value was determined.

c. Business combinations and goodwill

Business combinations are accounted for using the acquisition method. The cost of an acquisition is measured as the aggregate of the consideration transferred, measured at acquisition date fair value and the amount of any NCI in the acquiree. For each business combination, the Group elects whether to measure NCI in the acquiree at fair value or at the proportionate share of the acquiree's identifiable net assets. Acquisition related costs are expensed as incurred and included in administrative expenses.

When the Group acquires a business, it assesses the assets and liabilities assumed for appropriate classification and designation in accordance with the contractual terms, economic circumstances and pertinent conditions as at the acquisition date. This includes the separation of embedded derivatives in host contracts by the acquiree. Those acquired petroleum reserves and resources that can be reliably measured are recognised separately in the assessment of fair values on acquisition. Other potential reserves, resources and rights, for which fair values cannot be reliably measured, are not recognised separately, but instead are subsumed in goodwill.

If the business combination is achieved in stages, any previously held equity interest is re-measured at its acquisition date fair value, and any resulting gain or loss is recognised in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income. It is then considered in the determination of goodwill.

Any contingent consideration to be transferred by the acquirer will be recognised at fair value at the acquisition date. Contingent consideration classified as an asset or liability that is a financial instrument and within the scope of IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement is measured at fair value, with changes in fair value recognised either in the statement of profit or loss or as a change to other comprehensive income. If the contingent consideration is not within the scope of IAS 39, it is measured in accordance with the appropriate IFRS. Contingent consideration that is classified as equity is not re-measured, and subsequent settlement is accounted for within equity.

Goodwill is initially measured at cost, being the excess of the aggregate of the consideration transferred and the amount recognised for NCI over the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired and liabilities assumed. If the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired is in excess of the aggregate consideration transferred (bargain purchase), before recognising a gain, the Group reassesses whether it has correctly identified all of the assets acquired and all of the liabilities assumed and reviews the procedures used to measure the amounts to be recognised at the acquisition date. If the reassessment still results in an excess of the fair value of net assets acquired over the aggregate consideration transferred, then the gain is recognised in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income. After initial recognition, goodwill is measured at cost less any accumulated impairment losses. For the purpose of impairment testing, goodwill acquired in a business combination is, from the acquisition date, allocated to each of the Group's CGUs that are expected to benefit from the combination, irrespective of whether other assets or liabilities of the acquiree are assigned to those units.

Where goodwill forms part of a CGU and part of the operation in that unit is disposed of, the goodwill associated with the disposed operation is included in the carrying amount of the operation when determining the gain or loss on disposal. Goodwill disposed of in these circumstances is measured based on the relative values of the disposed operation and the portion of the CGU retained.

d. License interests, exploration and evaluation assets, and field investments, and depreciation

The Group applies the 'successful efforts' method of accounting for Exploration and Evaluation ('E&E') costs, in accordance with IFRS 6 'Exploration for and Evaluation of Mineral Resources'. E&E expenditure is capitalised when it is considered probable that future economic benefits will be recoverable. Costs that are known at the time of incurrence to fail to meet this criterion are generally charged to expense in the period they are incurred.

E&E expenditure capitalised as intangible assets includes license acquisition costs, and exploration drilling, geological and geophysical costs and any other directly attributable costs.

E&E expenditure, which is not sufficiently related to a specific mineral resource to support capitalization, is expensed as incurred.

E&E assets are carried forward, until the existence, or otherwise, of commercial reserves have been determined subject to certain limitations including review for indications of impairment. If no reserves are found the costs to drill exploratory wells, including exploratory geological and geophysical costs and costs of carrying and retaining unproved properties, are written off.

Once commercial reserves have been discovered, the carrying value after any impairment loss of the relevant E&E assets is transferred to development tangible and intangible assets. No depreciation and/or amortisation are charged during the exploration and development phase. If however, commercial reserves have not been discovered, the capitalised costs are charged to expense after the conclusion of appraisal activities.

Development tangible and intangible assets

Expenditure on the construction, installation or completion of infrastructure facilities such as platforms, pipelines and the drilling of commercially proven development wells, is capitalised within property, plant and equipment and intangible assets according to nature. When development is completed on a specific field, it is transferred to production assets. No depreciation or amortisation is charged during the Exploration and Evaluation phase.

Farm-outs – in the exploration and evaluation phase

The Group does not record any expenditure made by the farmee on its account. It also does not recognise any gain or loss on its exploration and evaluation farm-out arrangements, but redesignates any costs previously capitalised in relation to the whole interest as relating to the partial interest retained. Any cash consideration received directly from the farmee is credited against costs previously capitalised in relation to the whole interest with any excess accounted for by the farmor as a gain on disposal.

Development costs

Expenditure on the construction, installation or completion of infrastructure facilities such as platforms, pipelines and the drilling of development wells, including unsuccessful development or delineation wells, is capitalised within oil and gas properties.

Oil & gas production assets

Development and production assets are accumulated on a cash-generating unit basis and represent the cost of developing the commercial reserves discovered and bringing them into production together with E&E expenditures incurred in finding commercial reserves transferred from intangible E&E assets as outlined in accounting policy above.

The cost of development and production assets also includes the cost of acquisitions and purchases of such assets, directly attributable overheads and the cost of recognising provisions for future restoration and decommissioning.

Where major and identifiable parts of the production assets have different useful lives, they are accounted for as separate items of property, plant and equipment. Costs of minor repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred.

Depreciation/amortisation

Oil and gas properties and intangible assets are depreciated or amortised using the unit-of-production method. Unit-of-production rates are based on proved and probable reserves, which are oil, gas and other mineral reserves estimated to be recovered from existing facilities using current operating methods. Oil and gas volumes are considered produced once they have been measured through meters at custody transfer or sales transaction points at the outlet valve on the field storage tank.

Field infrastructure exceeding beyond the life of the field is depreciated over the useful life of the infrastructure using a straight line method.

Depreciation/amortisation on assets held for sale is ceased from the date of such classification.

Impairment – exploration and evaluation assets

Exploration and evaluation assets are tested for impairment when reclassified to development tangible or intangible assets, or whenever facts and circumstances indicate impairment and prior to year-end in an annual review. An impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which the exploration and evaluation assets' carrying amount exceeds their recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of the exploration and evaluation assets' fair value less costs to sell and their value in use.

Impairment – proved oil and gas production properties and intangible assets

Proven oil and gas properties and intangible assets are reviewed annually for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which the asset's carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The carrying value is compared against the expected recoverable amount of the asset, generally by net present value of the future net cash flows, expected to be derived from production of commercial reserves. The cash generating unit applied for impairment test purposes is generally the field, except that a number of field interests may be grouped together where there are common facilities.

f. Non-current assets held for sale or for distribution to equity holders of the parent and discontinued operations

The Group classifies non-current assets and disposal groups as held for sale or for distribution to equity holders of the parent if their carrying amounts will be recovered principally through a sale or distribution rather than through continuing use. Such non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale or as held for distribution are measured at the lower of their carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell or to distribute. Costs to distribute are the incremental costs directly attributable to the distribution, excluding the finance costs and income tax expense.

The criteria for held for distribution classification is regarded as met only when the distribution is highly probable and the asset or disposal group is available for immediate distribution in its present condition. Actions required to complete the distribution should indicate that it is unlikely that significant changes to the distribution will be made or that the distribution with be withdrawn. Management must be committed to the distribution expected within one year from the date of the classification. Similar considerations apply to assets or a disposal group held for sale.

Production assets, property, plant and equipment and intangible assets are not depreciated or amortised once classified as held for sale or as held for distribution.

Assets and liabilities classified as held for sale or for distribution are presented separately as current items in the statement of financial position.

A disposal group qualifies as discontinued operation if it is:

  • a component of the Group that is a CGU or a group of CGUs
  • classified as held for sale or distribution or already disposed in such a way, or
  • a major line of business or major geographical area.

Discontinued operations are excluded from the results of continuing operations and are presented as a single amount as profit or loss after tax from discontinued operations in the statement of profit or loss.

g. Financial assets

Initial recognition and measurement

Financial assets are classified, at initial recognition, as financial assets at fair value through profit or loss, loans and receivables, held-tomaturity investments, available-for-sale (AFS) financial assets, or derivatives designated as hedging instruments in an effective hedge, as appropriate. All financial assets are recognised initially at fair value plus, in the case of financial assets not recorded at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset.

Purchases or sales of financial assets that require delivery of assets in a timeframe established by regulation or convention in the market place (regular way trades) are recognised on the trade date, i.e., the date at which the Group commits to purchase or sell the asset.

The Group's financial assets include cash and cash equivalents and certain trade and other receivables.

Subsequent measurement

For purposes of subsequent measurement financial assets are classified into four categories:

  • Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
  • Trade and other receivables
  • Held-to-maturity investments the Group has no held-to-maturity investments
  • AFS financial investments the Group has no AFS financial assets

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss include financial assets held for trading and financial assets designated upon initial recognition at fair value through profit or loss. Financial assets are classified as held for trading if they are acquired for the purpose of selling or repurchasing in the near term. Derivatives, including separated embedded derivatives, are also classified as held for trading unless they are designated as effective hedging instruments, as defined by IAS 39. Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are carried in the statement of financial position at fair value with net changes in fair value presented as finance costs (negative changes in fair value) or finance revenue (positive net changes in fair value) in the statement of comprehensive income. The Group has not designated any financial assets at fair value through profit or loss.

Derivatives embedded in host contracts are accounted for as separate derivatives and recorded at fair value if their economic characteristics and risks are not closely related to those of the host contracts and the host contracts are not held for trading or designated at fair value though profit or loss. These embedded derivatives are measured at fair value, with changes in fair value recognised in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income. Reassessment occurs only if there is a change in the terms of the contract that significantly modifies the cash flows that would otherwise be required or there is a reclassification of a financial asset out of the fair value through profit or loss category. The group has no embedded derivatives as of December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2014.

Trade and other receivables

This category is most relevant to the Group. Trade and other receivables are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market. After initial measurement, such financial assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate method, less impairment. Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the effective interest rate. The effective interest rate amortisation is included in finance income in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income. The losses arising from impairment are recognised in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income in finance costs for loans and in cost of sales or other operating expenses for receivables.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents includes cash at hand, and deposits held on call with banks. Restricted cash with banks has historically not beenis not considered as a cash equivalent as the restricted funds were held in bank accounts which were pledged against financial instruments, in this instance, the Bond. Cash balances in current accounts, short-term deposits and placement with maturity of six months or less in highly liquid investments are classified as cash and cash equivalents.

Impairment of financial assets

The Group assesses at each reporting date whether a financial asset or group of financial assets are impaired. Details of impairment principles for financial assets is included in note 2.5(r).

h. Financial liabilities

Initial recognition and measurement

Financial liabilities are classified, at initial recognition, as financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss, loans and borrowings, payables, or as derivatives designated as hedging instruments in an effective hedge, as appropriate.

All financial liabilities are recognised initially at fair value and, in the case of loans and borrowings and payables, net of directly attributable transaction costs.

The Group's financial liabilities include trade and other payables, loans and borrowings including bank overdrafts and derivative financial liabilities.

The Group's financial liabilities include trade and other payables, and loans and borrowings.

Subsequent measurement

The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification, as described below:

Trade payables

Trade payables are recognised initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

Loans and borrowings

All borrowings are initially recorded at fair value. Interest-bearing loans and overdrafts are initially recorded at the proceeds received, net of directly attributable issue costs. Finance charges, including premiums payable on settlement or redemption and direct issue costs, are accounted for on an accruals basis in the income statement using the effective interest method and are added to the carrying amount of the instrument to the extent that they are not settled in the period in which they arise.

Under the requirements of IAS 39 AG8, any revisions to the estimates of payments or receipts in relation to a financial instrument are adjusted to reflect the actual and revised estimated cashflows. The change in estimated cashflows are remeasured by computing the present value of estimated cashflows at the financial instrument's original effective interest rate. The adjustment is recognised in the statement of comprehensive income as Income or expense.

i. Provisions

General

Provisions are recognised when the Group has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. Where the Group expects some or all of provision to be reimbursed, for example under an insurance contract, the reimbursement is recognised as a separate asset but only when the reimbursement is virtually certain. The expense relating to any provision is recognised through profit and loss net of any reimbursement. If the effect of the time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax rate that reflects, where appropriate, the risks specific to the liability. Where discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognised as interest expense. The present obligation under onerous contracts is recognised as a provision.

j. Asset retirement obligation

An asset retirement liability is recognised when the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events, and it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate of the amount of obligation can be made. A corresponding amount equivalent to the obligation is also recognised as part of the cost of the related production plant and equipment. The amount recognised in the estimated cost of asset retirement, discounted to its present value. Changes in the estimated timing of asset retirement or asset retirement cost estimates are dealt with prospectively by recording an adjustment to the provision, and a corresponding adjustment to production plant and equipment. The unwinding of the discount on the asset retirement provision is included as a finance cost.

k. Income tax

Income tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and movement in deferred tax.

Current tax

Current income tax assets and liabilities for the current and prior periods are measured at the amount expected to be recovered from or paid to the taxation authorities. The tax rates and tax laws used to compute the amount are those that are enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date, in the countries where the Group operates and generates taxable income.

Current income tax relating to items recognised directly in equity is recognised in equity and not in the income statement. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in the tax returns with respect to situations which applicable tax regulations are subject to interpretation and established provisions where appropriate.

Deferred tax

Deferred tax is provided using the liability method on temporary differences at the reporting date between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes.

Deferred income tax liabilities are recognised for all taxable temporary differences, except:

• Where the deferred tax liability arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affect neither the accounting profit nor taxable profit or loss; and

• In respect of taxable temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, associates and interest in joint ventures, where the timing of the reversal of the temporary differences can be controlled and it is probable that the temporary differences will not reverse in the foreseeable future.

Deferred tax assets are recognised for all deductible temporary differences; carry forward to unused tax credits and unused tax losses,

to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilized except:

• Where the deferred income tax asset relating to the deductible temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting profit nor taxable profit or loss; and

• In respect of deductible temporary differences associate with investments in subsidiaries, associate and interest in joint ventures, deferred income tax assets are recognised only to the extent that it is probable that the temporary differences will reverse in the foreseeable future and taxable profit will be available against which the temporary differences can be utilized.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient future taxable profit will be available to allow all or part of the deferred tax asset to be utilized. Unrecognized deferred tax assets are reassessed at each reporting date and are recognized to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profit will allow the deferred tax asset to be recovered.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply to the year when the asset is realized or the liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.

Deferred tax relating to items recognized directly in equity is recognized in equity and not in the income statement.

Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset, if a legally enforceable right exists to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred taxes relate to the same taxable entity and the same taxation authority.

Tax benefits acquired as part of a business combination, but not satisfying the criteria for separate recognition at that date, would be recognised subsequently if new information about facts and circumstances arose. The adjustment would either be treated as a reduction to goodwill (as long as it does not exceed goodwill) if it occurred during the measurement period or in profit or loss.

Production-sharing arrangements

According to the production-sharing arrangement (PSA) in certain licenses, the share of the profit oil to which the government is entitled in any calendar year in accordance with the PSA is deemed to include a portion representing the corporate income tax imposed upon and due by the Group. This amount will be paid directly by the government on behalf of Group to the appropriate tax authorities. This portion of income tax and revenue are presented net in income statement.

Sales tax

Revenues, expenses and assets are recognised net of the amount of sales tax except:

Where the sales tax incurred on a purchase of assets or services is not recoverable from the taxation authority, in which case, the sales tax is recognised as part of the cost of acquisition of the asset or as part of the expense item as applicable

Receivables and payables that are stated with the amount of sales tax included

The net amount of sales tax recoverable from, or payable to, the taxation authority is included as part of receivables or payables in the statement of financial position.

l. Revenue recognition

Revenue from petroleum products

Revenue from the sale petroleum products is recognized as income using the "entitlement method". Under this method, revenue is recorded on the basis of the asset's proportionate share of total gas produced from the affected fields. Revenue is stated net of valueadded tax and royalties.

Revenue from test production is recognised as a direct off-set to the capitalised cost of the exploration and evaluation asset.

Interest income and financial instruments measured at amortised cost

Interest income is recognized on an accruals basis. For all financial instruments measured at amortised cost and interest-bearing financial assets classified as available for sale, interest income or expense is recorded using the effective interest rate (EIR), which is the rate that exactly discounts the estimated future cash payments or receipts through the expected life of the financial instrument or a shorter period, where appropriate, to the net carrying amount of the financial asset or liability. Interest revenue is included in finance income in income statement.

Rendering of services

Sales of services are recognized in the accounting period in which the services are rendered, and it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the entity, by reference to completion of the specific transaction assessed on the basis of the actual service provided as a proportion of the total services to be provided.

m. Leases

The determination of whether an arrangement is, or contains, a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement at inception date: whether fulfilment or the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets or the arrangement conveys a right to use the asset.

For arrangements entered into prior to January 1, 2005, the date of inception is deemed to be January 1, 2005 in accordance with the transitional requirements of IFRIC 4.

Group as a lessee

Finance leases, which transfer to the Group substantially all the risks and benefits incidental to ownership of the leased item, are capitalized at the inception of the lease at the fair value of the leased property or, if lower, at the present value of the minimum lease payments. Lease payments are apportioned between finance charges and reduction of the lease liability so as to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Finance charges are reflected in the income statement.

Capitalized leased assets are depreciated over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset and the lease term, if there is no reasonable certainty that the Group will obtain ownership by the end of the lease term.

Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense in the income statement on a straight line basis over the lease term.

n. Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment not associated with exploration and production activities are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation. These assets are also evaluated for impairment. Depreciation of other assets is calculated on a straight line basis as follows:

Computer equipment 20-33.33%
Furniture, Fixtures & fittings 10-33.33%

o. Defined contribution pension plan

The Group pays contributions into a defined contribution plan. Obligations for contributions to defined contribution pension plans are recognised as an expense in the income statement in the periods during which services are rendered by employees.

p. Share-based payment transactions

Employees (including senior executives) of the Group receive remuneration in the form of share-based payment transactions, whereby employees render services as consideration for equity instruments (equity-settled transactions).

Equity-settled transactions

The cost of equity-settled transactions is recognised, together with a corresponding increase in additional paid in capital reserve in equity, over the period in which the performance and/or service conditions are fulfilled. The cumulative expense recognised for equitysettled transactions at each reporting date until the vesting date reflects the extent to which the vesting period has expired and the Group's best estimate of the number of equity instruments that will ultimately vest. The income statement expense or credit for a period represents the movement in cumulative expense recognised as at the beginning and end of that period and is recognised in sharebased payments expense.

No expense is recognised for awards that do not ultimately vest, except for equity-settled transactions for which vesting are conditional upon a market or non-vesting condition. These are treated as vesting irrespective of whether or not the market or non-vesting condition is satisfied, provided that all other performance and/or service conditions are satisfied.

When the terms of an equity-settled transaction award are modified, the minimum expense recognised is the expense as if the terms had not been modified, if the original terms of the award are met. An additional expense is recognised for any modification that increases the total fair value of the share-based payment transaction, or is otherwise beneficial to the employee as measured at the date of modification.

When an equity-settled award is cancelled, it is treated as if it vested on the date of cancellation, and any expense not yet recognised for the award is recognised immediately. This includes any award where non-vesting conditions within the control of either the entity or the employee are not met. However, if a new award is substituted for the cancelled award, and designated as a replacement award on the date that it is granted, the cancelled and new awards are treated as if they were a modification of the original award, as described in the previous paragraph.

The dilutive effect of outstanding options is reflected as additional share dilution in the computation of diluted earnings per share.

q. Fair value measurement

The Group measures derivatives at fair value at each balance sheet date and, for the purposes of impairment testing, uses fair value less costs of disposal to determine the recoverable amount of some of its non-financial assets.

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability takes place either:

  • In the principal market for the asset or liability, or
  • In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability

The principal or the most advantageous market must be accessible by the Group.

The fair value of an asset or a liability is measured using the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, assuming that market participants act in their economic best interest.

A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant's ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best use or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest and best use.

The Group uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data are available to measure fair value, maximising the use of relevant observable inputs and minimising the use of unobservable inputs.

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorised within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest-level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:

• Level 1 — Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

  • Level 2 Valuation techniques for which the lowest-level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly or indirectly observable
  • Level 3 Valuation techniques for which the lowest-level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is unobservable

For assets and liabilities that are recognised in the financial statements on a recurring basis, the Group determines whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by reassessing categorisation (based on the lowest-level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period.

For the purpose of fair value disclosures, the Group has determined classes of assets and liabilities based on the nature, characteristics

and risks of the asset or liability and the level of the fair value hierarchy as explained above.

r. Impairments

Non-financial assets

Assets that are subject to amortisation or depreciation are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. Goodwill is assessed for impairment on an annual basis. An impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which the asset's carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset's fair value less costs to sell and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash inflows (cash-generating units). Non-financial assets that were previously impaired are reviewed for possible reversal of the impairment at each reporting date.

A previously recognised impairment loss is reversed only if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the asset's recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognised. If that is the case, the carrying amount of the asset is increased to its recoverable amount. That increased amount cannot exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation, had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset in prior years. Such a reversal is recognised in the income statement. After such a reversal the depreciation charge is adjusted in future periods to allocate the asset's revised carrying amount, less any residual value, on a systematic basis over its remaining useful life.

Financial assets

Assets carried at amortised cost

If there is objective evidence that an impairment loss on assets carried at amortised cost has been incurred, the amount of the loss is measured as the difference between the assets' carrying amount and the present value of estimated future cash flows (excluding future expected credit losses that have not been incurred) discounted at the financial asset's original effective interest rate (ie the effective interest rate computed at initial recognition). The carrying amount of the asset is reduced through use of an allowance account. The amount of the loss shall be recognised in the income statement.

If, in a subsequent period, the amount of the impairment loss decreases and the decrease can be related objectively to an event occurring after the impairment was recognised, the previously recognised impairment loss is reversed, to the extent that the carrying value of the asset does not exceed its amortised cost at the reversal date, any subsequent reversal of an impairment loss is recognised in the income statement.

In relation to trade receivables, a provision for impairment is made when there is objective evidence (such as the probability of insolvency or significant financial difficulties of the debtor) that the Group will not be able to collect all of the amounts due under the original terms of the invoice. The carrying amount of the receivable is reduced through use of an allowance account. Impaired debts are derecognised when they are assessed as uncollectible.

s. Current versus non-current classification

The Group presents assets and liabilities in the statement of financial position based on current/non-current classification. An asset is current when it is either:

  • Expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in the normal operating cycle
  • Held primarily for the purpose of trading
  • Expected to be realised within 12 months after the reporting period
  • Cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least 12 months after the reporting period

All other assets are classified as non-current.

A liability is current when either:

  • It is expected to be settled in the normal operating cycle
  • It is held primarily for the purpose of trading
  • It is due to be settled within 12 months after the reporting period
  • There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least 12 months after the reporting period

The Group classifies all other liabilities as non-current.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current assets and liabilities.

NOTE 2.4. NEW AND AMENDED STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS

There were a number of new standards and interpretations, effective from January 1, 2014, that the Group applied for the first time in the current year.

Several other amendments apply for the first time in 2014. However, they do not impact the annual consolidated financial statements of the Group.

The nature and the impact of each new relevant standard and/or amendment that may have an impact on the Group now or in the future is described below. Other than the changes described below, the accounting policies adopted are consistent with those of the previous financial year.

Recoverable Amount Disclosures for Non-Financial Assets – Amendments to IAS 36 Impairment of Assets

The amendment clarifies the disclosures required in relation to the recoverable amount of impaired assets if that amount is based on fair value less costs of disposal. The amendment to IAS 36 only resulted in certain disclosures being updated.

NOTE 2.5. STANDARDS ISSUED BUT NOT YET EFFECTIVE

The standards and interpretations that are issued but not yet effective up to the date of issuance of the Group's financial statements are discussed below. These are the changes the Group reasonably expects will have an impact on disclosures, financial position or performance when applied at a future date. The Group intends to adopt these standards and interpretations, if applicable, when they become effective.

IAS 27 Separate Financial Statements (as revised in 2011)

As a consequence of the new IFRS 10 and IFRS 12, what remains of IAS 27 is limited to accounting for subsidiaries, jointly controlled entities and associates in separate financial statements. The Group does not present separate financial statements impacted by these standards. The amendment becomes effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2014.

IAS 28 Investments in Associates and Joint ventures (as revised in 2011)

As a consequence of the new IFRS 11 and IFRS 12, IAS 28 has been renamed IAS 28 Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures, and describes the application of the equity method to investments in joint ventures in addition to associates. The amendment becomes effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2014.

IFRS 9 Financial Instruments

In July 2014, the IASB issued the final version of IFRS 9 Financial Instruments which reflects all phases of the financial instruments project and replaces IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement and all previous versions of IFRS 9. The standard introduces new requirements for classification and measurement, impairment, and hedge accounting. IFRS 9 is effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2018, with early application permitted, but is not endorsed by the EU yet. Retrospective application is required, but comparative information is not compulsory. Early application of previous versions of IFRS 9 (2009, 2010 and 2013) is permitted if the date of initial application is before 1 February 2015. The adoption of IFRS 9 may have an effect on the classification and measurement of the group's financial assets, but is not expected to impact the classification and measurement of the group's financial liabilities.

IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers

IFRS 15 was issued in May 2014 and establishes a new five-step model that will apply to revenue arising from contracts with customers. Under IFRS 15, revenue is recognized at an amount that reflects the consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring goods or services to a customer.

The principles in IFRS 15 provide a more structured approach to measuring and recognising revenue. The new revenue standard is applicable to all entities and will supersede all current revenue recognition requirements under IFRS. Either a full or modified retrospective application is required for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2017 with early adoption permitted, but it is not endorsed by the EU yet. There have been some early indicators that the entitlement method currently applied by the company will not be allowed under IFRS 15, but this has not yet been concluded. The company is currently assessing the impact of IFRS 15 and plans to adopt the new standard on the required effective date.

Amendments to IFRS 11 Joint Arrangements: Accounting for Acquisitions of Interests

The amendments to IFRS 11 require that a joint operator accounting for the acquisition of an interest in a joint operation, in which the activity of the joint operation constitutes a business, must apply the relevant IFRS 3 principles for business combinations accounting. The amendments also clarify that a previously held interest in a joint operation is not re-measured on the acquisition of an additional interest in the same joint operation while joint control is retained. In addition, a scope exclusion has been added to IFRS 11 to specify that the amendments do not apply when the parties sharing joint control, including the reporting entity, are under common control of the same ultimate controlling party. The amendments apply to both the acquisition of the initial interest in a joint operation and the acquisition of any additional interests in the same joint operation and are prospectively effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2016, with early adoption permitted. These amendments are not expected to have any impact on the group, as acquisitions in scope of the amendments have been treated as business combinations under the current accounting policies of the group.

Annual improvements 2010-2012, 2011-2013 and 2012-2014 cycles

The changes are primarily in order to remove inconsistencies and to clarify the wording of standards and interpretations. There are separate transition provisions for each standard (and the 2012-2014 cycle is not yet approved by the EU). The changes are not expected to have significant effect for the group.

IFRIC Interpretation 21 Levies (IFRIC 21)

IFRIC 21 clarifies that an entity recognises a liability for a levy when the activity that triggers payment, as identified by the relevant legislation, occurs. For a levy that is triggered upon reaching a minimum threshold, the interpretation clarifies that no liability should be anticipated before the specified minimum threshold is reached. IFRIC 21 is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2014. The adoption of IFRIC 21 is expected to have an insignificant impact on the Group's accounting for production and similar taxes, which do not meet the definition of an income tax in IAS 12.

The Group has not early adopted any other standard, interpretation or amendment that was issued but is not yet effective.

NOTE 3. OPERATING SEGMENTS

From 1Q 2014, the Group operated predominantly in one business segment being the exploration of oil and gas in West Africa. After the divestment of Company's interest in Manati field at the end of March 2014, the Group is only left with West African operating business.

Furthermore, during 2Q the Company has taken a decision to cease all operations in Brazil and as such segment has been classified as a discontinued operation. Details of discontinued operations can be referred to in note 12. As such, the segment information for December 31, 2014 does not include Brazilian operations. However, for the purpose of comparative information, the Brazilian segment has been included.

The Group's reportable segments, for both management and financial reporting purposes, are as follows:

  • The West African segment holds the following assets:
  • The Dussafu licence representing the Group's 33.3% working interest in the Dussafu Marin exploration licence in Gabon. – The OML113-Aje represents the Group's 6.5% participating interest (12.19% profit interest) in the OML113-Aje exploration

licence in Nigeria.

• The 'Corporate and others' category consists of head office and service company operations that are not directly attributable to the other segment.

Management monitors the operating results of business segments separately for the purpose of making decisions about resources to be allocated and of assessing performance. Segment performance is evaluated based on capital and general expenditure after disposal of subsidiary in Brazil. Details of group segments are reported below.

Details of Group segments are reported below.

2014

USD 000 West Africa Corporate Total – Continuing
operations
Brazil – Discontinued
operations
Total
Revenue (net) * - - - 10,393 10,393
EBITDA (1,462) (6,462) (7,924) 6,049 (1,875)
Depreciation - (76) (76) (3) (79)
Impairment - - - (755) (755)
Profit /(loss) before tax (1,474) (10,580) (12,054) 51,040 38,986
Net profit/(loss) (1,449) (10,580) (12,029) 3,145 (8,884)
Segment assets 112,335 40,434 152,769 1,194 153,963
- Additions to licenses, exploration and
evaluation assets, development assets
11,894 - 11,894 - 11,894

2013

USD 000 West Africa Corporate Total – Continued
operations
Brazil – Discontinued
operations
Total
Revenue (net) * - 7,000 7,000 47,146 54,146
EBITDA (304) (677) (981) 30,415 29,434
Depreciation - (93) (93) (2,366) (2,459)
Impairment - - - (46,815) (46,815)
Profit /(loss) before tax (5,267) (18,425) (23,692) (20,240) (43,932)
Net profit/(loss) (5,267) (18,633) (23,900) (30,853) (54,753)
Segment assets 94,544 50,517 145,061 116,363 261,424
- Additions to licenses, exploration and 20,246 - 20,246 - 20,246

evaluation assets, development assets

* Revenue excludes any intercompany revenue. In the segment, Brazil - Discontinued Operations for both 2014 and 2013, 100% of the Group's natural gas revenue has been derived from Petrobras who is the sole external trade customer.

Revenue from major sources:

USD 000 2014 2013
Natural gas revenue (net) - 43,646
Other income - 10,500
Total Revenue (net) - 54,146

There are no differences in the nature of measurement methods used on segment level compared with the consolidated financial statements.

NOTE 4. OPERATING PROFIT

Operating profit is stated after charging/ (crediting):

USD 000 Note 2014 2013
Restated*
Employee benefits expense 3,125 5,404
Depreciation 9 76 92
Impairment and asset write-off 12 - -
Operating lease payments 474 823

* Restated to consistently reflect discontinued operations separately from continuing business activities

NOTE 4a. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT EXPENSES

General and administrative expenses include wages, employers' contribution and other compensation as detailed below:

USD 000 2014 2013
Restated*
Salaries 1,438 3,214
Employers contribution 904 1,372
Pension costs 365 414
Other compensation 418 404
Total 3,125 5,404

* Restated to consistently reflect discontinued operations separately from continuing business activities

The number of employees in the Group as at year end is detailed below:

2014 2013
Number of employees 7 17

NOTE 4b. BOARD OF DIRECTORS STATEMENT ON REMUNERATION OF EXECUTIVES

Statement for the current year (2014)

In accordance with the Norwegian Public Limited Liability Companies Act §6-16a, the Board of Directors must prepare a statement on remuneration of executives. This statement can be referred to on page 70 of this report.

The remuneration of the members of the Board is determined on a yearly basis by the Company at its annual general meeting. The directors may also be reimbursed for, inter alia, travelling, hotel and other expenses incurred by them in attending meetings of the directors or in connection with the business of Panoro Energy ASA. A director who has been given a special assignment, besides his/her normal duties as a director of the Board, in relation to the business of Panoro Energy ASA may be paid such extra remuneration as the directors may determine.

Panoro Energy ASA has established a compensation program for executive management that reflects the responsibility and duties as management of an international oil and gas company and at the same time contributes to add value for the Company's shareholders. The goal for the Board of Directors has been to establish a level of remuneration that is competitive both in domestic and international terms to ensure that the Group is an attractive employer that can obtain a qualified workforce.

Remuneration for executive management consists of both fixed and variable elements. The fixed elements consist of salaries and other benefits (free phone, electronic communication, newspapers, etc.), while the variable elements consist of a performance based bonus arrangement and a share option scheme that was approved by the Board of Directors in 2014. The annual bonus will be determined based on the achievement of certain pre-set targets.

NOTE 4c. MANAGEMENT REMUNERATION

Executive management has historically consisted of the Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Chief Financial Officer (CFO) and Chief Operating Officer (COO). Executive management remuneration is summarized below:

2014 Short term benefits
USD 000 (unless stated
otherwise)
Salary Bonus Benefits Pension costs Severance
Pay
Total Number of
options
awarded in
2014
Fair value
of options
ex
pensed/
(credited)
Nishant
Dighe,
CEO
/
COO
375 41 15 48 - 479 - 25
Qazi Qadeer, CFO 108 54 3 11 - 176 - 2
Jan Kielland, former CEO 434 47 4 28 218 731 - (7)
Anders Kapstad, former
CFO
177 38 12 8 365 600 - (52)
Total 1,094 180 34 95 583 1,986 - (32)
2013 Short term benefits
USD 000 (unless stated otherwise) Salary Bonus Benefits Pension costs Total Number of options
awarded in 2013
Fair value of op
tions expensed /
(credited)
Jan Kielland, CEO 519 114 7 152 792 - 38
Anders Kapstad, CFO 387 86 10 37 520 - 14
Nishant Dighe, COO 375 86 15 43 519 - 14
Total 1,281 286 32 232 1,831 66

(i) Under the terms of employment, the CEO and CFO in general are required to give at least six and three month's written notice respectively prior to leaving Panoro.

(ii) Per the respective terms of employment, the CEO is entitled to 12 months of base salary in the event of a change of control; whereby a tender offer is made or consummated for the ownership of more than 50% or more of the outstanding voting securities of the Company; or the Company is merged or consolidated with another corporation and as a result of such merger or consolidation less than 50.1% of the outstanding voting securities of the surviving entity or resulting corporation are owned in the aggregate by the persons by the entities or persons who were shareholders of the Company immediately prior to such merger or consolidation; or the Company sells substantially all of its assets to another corporation that is not a wholly owned subsidiary. The CFO is not entitled to such remuneration at change of control.

Under the share options plan should such an event occur, all outstanding share options will also vest immediately and the Company may have the right to terminate the options by:

  • Compensating the difference between the fair market value of the options and the exercise value; or
  • Replacing the options with new options in the acquiring company; or
  • Compensating the holder of the options with an amount of cash equivalent to the fair market value of the options, using the full contractual life of the option when calculating the fair market value.
  • (iii)Mr. Kapstad's two year contract with the Brazilian subsidiary, Panoro Energy do Brasil Ltda. expired on July 31, 2014 and at this point he was entitled to a 12 months base salary of approx. USD 365 thousand; in addition to his contractual salary, Mr. Kapstad was entitled to be reimbursed for overseas housing expenses and school fees, which totalled USD 95 thousand to the point of his contract expiry in July 2014.
  • (iv)Mr. Qazi Qadeer assumed the role of CFO with effect from August 1, 2014 and his remuneration tabled above is also reflective of this.
  • (v) Following the decision to relocate Panoro's head office to London in December 2014, Mr. Jan Kielland stepped down from the role of CEO and was replaced by the former COO, Mr Nishant Dighe. Mr. Kielland was entitled to a lump sum of six month's base salary as severance of approx. USD 218 thousand as well as his monthly base salary until June 2015 as per the terms of his termination agreement. Mr. Kielland's severance was paid in January 2015.
  • (vi) All salaries, bonuses, benefits and severance payments have been expensed as incurred.
  • (vii)All bonuses that were incurred and paid in 2014 were after completion of milestones that the previous Board of Directors approved in 2013. The previous Board of Directors consisted of Mr. Endre Ording Sund (Chairman), Ms. Silje Christine Augustson, Mr. Bjørn Kristian Stadheim and Ms. Tone Kristin Omsted.

Refer to note 16 for further information on the share option scheme.

NOTE 4d. BOARD OF DIRECTORS REMUNERATION

Remuneration to members of the Board of Directors is summarized below:

USD 000 2014 2013
Julien Balkany 14 -
Lars Brandeggen 9 -
Alexandra Herger 9 -
Silje Christine Augustson 47 49
Dr. George Edward Watkins 2 56
Tone Kristin Omsted 38 17
Bjørn Kristian Stadheim 35 11
Endre Ording Sund 65 70
Dr. Philip A. Vingoe - 50
Isabel da Silva Ramos - 33
Total 219 286

No loans have been given to, or guarantees given on the behalf of, any members of the Management Group, the Board or other elected corporate bodies.

(i) Dr. Philip A. Vingoe and Ms. Isabel da Silva Ramos resigned from the Board in June 2013, whereas Dr. George Edward Watkins resigned from the board in January 2014.

(ii) Mr. Endre Ording Sund, Ms. Tone Kristin Omsted and Mr. Bjørn Kristian Stadheim resigned from the Board in October 2014.

(iii)After Mr. Sund's resignation as Director and Chairman, Mr. Julien Balkany was appointed as the Chairman of the Board of Directors in the Company's EGM in October 2014.

(iv)Ms. Alexandra Herger and Mr. Lars Brandeggen were appointed Directors in the Company's EGM in October 2014.

NOTE 4e. PENSION PLAN

The Company is required to have an occupational pension scheme in accordance with the Norwegian law on required occupational pension ("Lov om obligatorisk tjenestepensjon"). The Company contributes to an external defined contribution scheme and therefore no pension liability is recognized in the statement of financial position.

In the UK, the Company's subsidiary that employs the staff, contributes a fixed amount per Company policy in an external defined contribution scheme. As such, no pension liability is recognised in the statement of financial position in relation to Company's subsidiaries either.

NOTE 4f. AUDITORS' REMUNERATION

Fees, excluding VAT, to the auditors are included in general and administrative expense and are shown below:

USD 000 2014 2013
Ernst & Young
Statutory audit 256 370
Tax services 4 130
Other - 134
Total 260 634

NOTE 5. FINANCE INCOME, INTEREST EXPENSE AND OTHER CHARGES

Interest costs net of income

2014 2013
4,073 24,718
(243) (785)
3,830 23,933
Loan interest expense, net of effect of re-measurement of

NOTE 6. INCOME TAX

Income tax

The major components of income tax in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income are. The income tax disclosures below include items from both continuing and discontinued operations:

USD 000 2014 2013
Income Taxes
Current income tax (25) 4,882
Deferred income tax 11,786 5,939
Tax charge / (benefit) for the period 11,761 10,821

A reconciliation of the income tax expense applicable to the accounting profit before tax at the statutory income tax rate to the expense at the Group's effective income tax rate is as follows:

USD 000 2014 2013
(Loss) before taxation – continuing (12,054) (24,828)
Profit /(Loss) before taxation – Discontinued operations 15,845 (19,104)
Profit /(Loss) before taxation – Total 3,791 (43,932)
Tax calculated at domestic tax rates applicable to profits in
the respective countries
4,441 (13,573)
Expenses not deductible (3,113) 352
Differences due to functional currency effects in subsiaries - (4.369)
Tax effect of losses not utilised in the period 4,059 32,005
Effect of differing tax rates (2,414)
Realisation of tax losses due to disposal of subsidiary 6,399
Others (25) (1,180)
Tax charge / (benefit) 11,761 10,821

Deferred tax

The analysis of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities including items held-for-sale is as follows:

USD 000 2014 2013
Deferred tax assets
- to be reversed within 12 months - 11,899
- to be reversed after more than 12 months - -
Total deferred tax assets - 11,899
Deferred tax liabilities
- to be reversed within 12 months - -
- to be reversed after more than 12 months 4,376 4,376
Total deferred tax liabilities 4,376 4,376
Net deferred tax assets (4,376) 7,523
The gross movement on the deferred income tax account is as follows:
USD 000 2014 2013
As at January 1 7,523 9,323
Movement for the period (7,523) (1,800)
As at December 31 - 7,523

The movement in deferred income tax assets and liabilities, without taking into consideration the offsetting balances within the same jurisdiction, is as follows:

2014

Deferred tax assets
USD 000 Tax losses Oil and gas assets Provisions and others Total
As at January 1, 2014 19,794 (6,448) (1,447) 11,899
(Charged) / credited to the statement
of comprehensive income
(19,794) 6,448 1,447 (11,899)
Classified as held for sale - - - -
As at December 31, 2014 - - - -
Deferred tax liabilities
USD 000 Tangible and production
assets
Exploration assets Provisions and others Total
As at January 1, 2014 - 4,376 - 4,376
Charged / (credited) to the statement
of comprehensive income
- - - -
Classified as held for sale - - - -
As at December 31, 2014 - 4,376 - 4,376

2013

Deferred tax assets

USD 000 Tax losses Oil and gas assets Provisions and
others
Total
As at January 1, 2013 7,430 14,880 (2,170) 20,140
(Charged) / credited to the statement
of comprehensive income
12,364 (21,328) 723 (8,241)
Classified as held for sale - - - -
As at December 31, 2013 19,794 (6,448) (1,447) 11,899
Deferred tax liabilities
USD 000 Tangible and production
assets
Exploration assets Provisions and
others
Total
As at January 1, 2013 3,566 7,014 237 10,817
Charged / (credited) to the statement
of comprehensive income
4,750 (3,331) (237) 1,182
Classified as held for sale (8,316) 693 - (7,623)
As at December 31, 2013 - 4,376 - 4,376

Deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2013 related to Brazilian losses and were utilised against income from sale of shares in Rio das Contas to GeoPark. There are no recognised deferred tax assets in Group the group financial statements as of December 31, 2014.

The movement in deferred tax assets also factors in the reversal of currency translation adjustments that had accumulated over time on these balances.

Deferred tax assets are recognised for tax loss carry-forwards to the extent that the realization of the related tax benefits through future taxable profits is probable. In Brazil the entire balance of deferred tax assets has been derecognised in the statement of comprehensive income after completion of the sale of Company's indirect subsidiary, Rio das Contas.

The Group did not recognise deferred income tax assets of USD 29 million (2013: USD 57 million) in respect of losses that can be carried forward against future taxable income.

The Group has provisional accumulated tax losses as of year-end that may be available to offer future taxable income in the respective jurisdictions. All losses are available indefinitely except for Cyprus which, effective 2012 expire after a maximum of five years since origination.

USD 000 2014 2013
Norway 98,415 144,349
UK 2,256 2,260
Cyprus 9,239 6,946
Brazil - 46,809
Netherlands 4,049 3,539
Total 113,959 203,903

In Brazil the amount of loss that can only be offset towards taxable income in any given year is limited to 30% of such income. Losses in Brazil are unlikely to be utilised given the closure of operations and as such have not been included in the above table.

The decline is tax losses in Norway compared to 2013 is primarily due to unfavourable NOK to USD currency rate compared to prior year

NOTE 7. BASIC AND DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share

USD 000, unless otherwise stated 2014 2013
Net loss attributable to equity holders of the parent – Total (8,884) (54,752)
Net loss attributable to equity holders of the parent – Continuing operations (12,029) (25,037)
Weighted average number of shares outstanding - in thousands 234,546 234,546
Basic and diluted earnings per share - (USD) – Total (0,04) (0,23)
Basic and diluted earnings per share - (USD) – Continuing operations (0,05) (0,11)

Diluted earnings per share

When calculating the diluted earnings per share, the weighted average number of shares outstanding is normally adjusted for all dilutive effects relating to the Company's share options. There were 2,161,673 outstanding options as of December 31, 2014 (2013: 5,816,673 options).

The share options had an anti-dilutive effect on earnings per share for both periods presented.

NOTE 8. LICENSES, EXPLORATION AND EVALUATION ASSETS, DEVELOPMENT ASSETS

2014
USD 000 Licences, exploration and evaluation assets Development assets
Acquisition cost
At January 1, 2014 94,755 -
Additions 5,357 6,537
Transfer to development assets (38,632) 38,632
At December 31, 2014 61,480 45,169
Accumulated impairment
At January 1, 2014 - -
Impairment - -
At December 31, 2014 - -
Net carrying value at December 31, 2014 61,480 45,169
2013
USD 000 Licences, exploration and evaluation assets Development assets
Acquisition cost

At January 1, 2013 279,860 -

Additions 21,951 -
Disposal (56,411) -
Classified as assets held for sale (3,184) -
Foreign currency transaction 2,053 -
At December 31, 2013 244,269 -
Accumulated impairment / Exploration costs
charged to profit
At January 1, 2013 97,291 -
Net carrying value at December 31, 2013 94,755 -
At December 31, 2013 149,514 -
Foreign currency transaction 5,882 -
Impairment 46,341 -
Licence area Panoro interest Country Expiry of current phase
OML 113 6.502% Nigeria June 2018
Dussafu Marin permit* 33.33% Gabon May 2016

* The third Exploration Phase under the Dussafu Marin Production Sharing Contract ("PSC") expires on May 27 2016. The Ruche area Exclusive Exploitation Authorization ("EEA") under the Dussafu Marin PSC was granted on 14th July 2014 and is effective from that date until ten years from the date of commencement of production. If at the end of this ten-year term commercial exploitation is still possible from the Ruche area, the EEA shall be renewed at the contractor's request for a further period of five years. Subsequent to this the EEA may be renewed a second time for a further period of five years. Impairment

Impairment

Tangible Assets

The Group has investments in tangible assets with USD 45.2 million of exploration and evaluation assets in Nigeria and USD 61.5 million of development assets in Gabon.

Discount rates are outlined below and represent the real pre-tax rates. These rates are based on management's project appraisal metrics adjusted accordingly at a risk premium of each cash-generating unit, taking into account risk associated with different cash generating units.

Discount rate for each cash-generating unit

  • Nigeria 15%
  • Gabon 12.5%

Impairment testing is undertaken in line with Group's policy, whenever there are indications of impairment. The recent test was trigged by recent decline in global oil prices in late part of 2014. The most recent test was undertaken at December 31, 2014. In assessing whether the tangible assets are impaired the carrying amount of the cash-generating unit is compared with its recoverable amount. For the purpose of the impairment test of tangible assets, the recoverable amount for both assets in Nigeria and Gabon was determined individually based on a value-in-use model.

Based on the results of the value-in-use analysis, the recoverable amounts of assets in Nigeria and Gabon exceeded the carrying values as at 31 December 2014 and no impairment was recognised in the financial statements.

Fair Value Less Cost of Sale

Cashflows are projected for a period up to the date all commercial hydrocarbons/resources are expected to be extracted, based on management's expectation at the time of completing the testing and is based on Joint Venture's consensus of P50 reserves/2C resources for both assets. The end of extraction period for hydrocarbons can depend on a number of variables, including recoverable reserves and resources, the forecast selling prices and the associated development and operating costs.

Key assumptions used in the calculations

The key assumptions used in the calculation of asset impairment value-in-use models are:

  • JV's interpretation of recoverable reserves and resources;
  • Production profiles achieved;
  • Expected US\$/bbl prices for short and long term;
  • Expected project sanction dates;
  • Cost of development;
  • Growth rates assumptions (2.5% in Nigeria and 0% in Gabon);
  • Cost of extraction and processing; and
  • Discount rates.

Economically recoverable reserves and resources are based on management's current expectation and project plans based on Operator sourced information, supported by the evaluation work undertaken by appropriately qualified persons within the respective Joint Ventures. The impairment test is most sensitive to changes in commodity prices and discount rates.

Sensitivities to change in assumptions

Given the current volatility in the market, adverse changes in key assumptions could result in recognition of impairment charges. The Group will continue to test its assets for impairment where indications are identified and may in future recognise impairment charges.

During the year 2013, the Group recognised an impairment charge of USD 46.8 million predominately relating to Brazilian assets). Of this amount USD 0.2 million was written-off directly to the statement of comprehensive income and the capitalised amount of USD 46.6 million was impaired. The impairment representseds USD 45.9 million for BS-3 discoveries (Estrela do Mar and Cavalo Marinho) which were expected to be relinquished due to lack of project sanction and non-commercial terms imposed by ANP. USD 0.7 million of costs was expensed for Round-9 and Coral blocks which were surrendered in 2013. The impairment of BS-3 was triggered by ANP's request to voluntarily surrender the blocks in November 2013. The remaining impairment of USD 0.2 million represented the write-down of furniture fixtures and equipment in Brazil. The breakdown of the net impairment expense is:

USD 000 2014 2013
Capitalised exploration and evaluation / PP&E assets impaired - 46,688
Expenditure on impaired assets directly charged to statement of
comprehensive income
- 127
Total impairment expensed - 46,815

NOTE 9. PROPERTY, FURNITURE, FIXTURES AND EQUIPMENT

2014
USD 000 Furniture, Fixture and Fittings Computer Equipment Total
Acquisition cost
At January 1, 2014 148 605 753
Additions - 24 24
Disposals / write-downs (148) (242) (390)
At December 31, 2014 - 388 388
Accumulated depreciation
At January 1, 2014 104 460 564
Depreciation charge for the year - 76 76
Disposals / write-downs (104) (242) (346)
At December 31, 2014 - 294 294
Net carrying value at December 31, 2014 - 94 94
2013
USD 000 Furniture, Fixture and Fittings Computer Equipment Total
Acquisition cost
At January 1, 2013 1,117 1,153 2,270
Additions 2 171 173
Disposals / write-downs (304) (578) (882)
Classified as held for sale (336) (233) (569)
Transfer (240) 240 -
Currency translation (91) (148) (239)
At December 31, 2013 148 605 753
Accumulated depreciation
At January 1, 2013 582 667 1,249
Depreciation charge for the year 63 194 257
Disposals / write-downs (199) (336) (535)
Classified as held for sale (117) (184) (301)
Transfer (188) 188 -
Currency translation (37) (69) (106)
At December 31, 2013 104 460 564
Net carrying value at December 31, 2013 44 145 189

Depreciation method and rates

oro
Π
77
л
--------------------------

Category Straight-line depreciation Useful life

Furniture, fixtures and fittings 10-33.33% 3 - 10 years
Computer equipment 20-33.33% 3 - 5 years

NOTE 10. ACCOUNTS AND OTHER RECEIVABLES

USD 000 2014 2013
Accounts receivable - 9,546
Other receivables and prepayments 6,279 3,999
Classified as held for sale - (12,576)
At December 31 6,279 969

Accounts receivables are non-interest bearing and generally on 30-120 days payment terms.

At December 31, 2014 and 2013 the allowance for impairment of receivables was USD nil.

Risk information for the receivable balances is disclosed in note 18.

NOTE 11. CASH AND BANK BALANCES

USD 000 2014 2013
Cash and bank balances 40,941 56,756
Less: Restricted cash - (2,604)
Cash and cash equivalents at December 31 40,941 54,152

Cash and cash equivalents at both period ends of 2014 and 2013 did not include any investment fund placements. As at December 31, 2014 the majority of Panoro's cash was denominated in USD and was held in a high interest account earning 0.75% interest.

Overdraft facilities

The Group had no bank overdraft facilities as at December 31, 2014.

NOTE 12. DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS, DISPOSAL OF SHARES IN SUBSIDIARY, ASSETS CLASSIFIED AS HELD FOR SALE AND LIABILITIES DIRECTLY ASSOCIATED WITH ASSETS CLASSIFIED AS HELD FOR SALE

Discontinued operations

Subsequent to the sale of its fully owned Subsidiary Rio das Contas, the Board of Directors have formally decided to exit Brazil and wind-down the operations. As a result, remaining licences in BS-3 area have been relinquished and abandonment plans have been filed with ANP. The office premises in Rio de Janeiro have also been closed with only key personnel managing the exit formalities on a transitional basis. The Company intends to keep a low-cost corporate presence for its subsidiary Panoro Energy do Brasil Ltda, which is entitled to the contingent earn-out from GeoPark over the next four years.

As a result, the operations of Company's subsidiaries in Brazil have been classified as discontinued operations under IFRS 5.

The results of Brazilian segment for the previous year have been carved out of the operating results and presented below as discontinued operations:

USD 000 2014 2013
Oil and gas revenue 10,393 43,646
Other income - 3,500
Total revenues 10,393 47,146
Production costs (1,398) (10,877)
Exploration related costs and operator G&A - (269)
Strategic review costs - (334)
Severance and restructuring costs (746) -
General and administration costs (2,200) (4,767)
EBITDA 6,049 30,899
Depreciation (3) (2,367)
Impairment (755) (46,815)
Share based payments 142 (17)
Gain / (loss) on sale of subsidiary 9,974 -
EBIT - Operating income / (loss) 15,407 (18,300)
Interest costs net of income 666 2,232
Other financial costs net of income (77) (1,102)
Net foreign exchange gain / (loss) (151) (1,934)
Income / (loss) before tax 15,845 (19,104)
Income tax benefit / (expense) (12,700) (10,611)
Net income / (loss)for the period from discontinued operations 3,145 (29,715)
Earnings per share (basic and diluted) for the period from
discontinued operations (USD)
0.01 (0.13)

In order to have consistency of results, certain costs have been allocated to continuing operations under general & administration costs and severance and restructuring costs for prior and current periods presented. Such adjustments were necessary to apportion realistic costs to continuing activities considering the shared roles of former CFO and Investor Relations personnel which were both based in Brazil over the past two years.

Disposal of shares in subsidiary

On May 14, 2013, the Company's wholly owned subsidiary Panoro Energy do Brasil Ltda entered into a sales and purchase agreement (SPA) to divest its Brazilian subsidiary Rio das Contas to GeoPark Brasil Ltda for a total consideration of USD 140 million plus contingent earn-out. Rio das Contas is the direct beneficial owner of 10% of the BCAM-40 Block in the Camamu-Almada basin offshore Brazil, which includes the Manati and Camarão Norte fields where Panoro Energy held a 10% interest. Cash proceeds from the transaction was used to redeem Panoro Energy's outstanding bond loans (ISIN NO 001 059097.9 and NO 001 059096.1) which left the Company debt free. The purchase consideration for the shares in Rio das Contas comprised an initial payment of USD 140 million, adjusted by working capital, with effective date of the transaction April 30, 2013 to be paid in cash upon closing. In addition, a contingent earn-out will be paid in cash over the 5-year period from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2017. The annual earn-out payments will equal 45 % of the annual net cash flow exceeding USD 25 million. The total earn-out is capped at USD 20 million.

On March 26, 2014, the Brazilian Petroleum Agency (ANP) approved the sale of RdC to GeoPark by replacing the parental guarantee which was one of the main conditions to completion. Subsequent to ANP approval, all shares in RdC have been transferred to GeoPark and the consideration received has been used to repay the bond liability in full.

The disposal of the subsidiary Rio das Contas has been recognised in the statement of comprehensive income under discontinued operations.

In addition to recognising this gain, the Group has also recognised a deferred tax expense of USD 11.8 million which represents a writedown of the previously recognised deferred tax asset in Brazil. The deferred tax arose on tax losses in Brazil which were absorbed by the gain generated on the subsidiary sale

The accumulated currency translation reserve of negative USD 35.2 million for Rio das Contas has also been realised and as such transferred to retained earnings as of the date of disposal

Gain on Disposal of subsidiary

USD 000
Cash Consideration 140,000
Less:
Cost of investment (93,680)
Associated costs incurred on disposal (1,151)
Recycling of accumulated currency translation on sale of subsidiary (35,195)
Pre-tax gain on sale of subsidiary 9,974

Assets classified as held for sale and liabilities directly associated with assets classified as held for sale

Brazil

Under the requirements of IFRS 5 "Non-current assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations", the asset and certain directly related liabilities have been classified as Held for Sale in the statement of financial position.

The breakdown of assets classified as held for sale together with the related liabilities is below:

Assets
--------
USD 000 2014 2013
Licenses and exploration assets (BCAM-40) - 3,184
Production assets and equipment (Manati) - 63,418
Other non-current assets - 663
Trade and other receivables - 12,576
Cash and cash equivalents - 17,015
Total assets classified as held for sale - 96,856
Liabilities
USD 000 2014 2013
Trade and other payables - 3,775
Income tax payable - 727
Asset retirement obligation (Note 12a) - 6,671
Deferred tax liability - 3,247
Total liabilities directly associated with assets classified as held for sale - 14,420

NOTE 12a ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATION

Subsequent to the sale of its fully owned Subsidiary Rio das Contas which held the Manati field, there was no asset retirement obligation as at December 31, 2014.

During 2013 and prior to the completion of the sale of Rio das Contas, the asset retirement obligation which related to the Manati field was reported as held for sale as at December 31, 2013. The following table presents a reconciliation of the beginning and ending aggregate amounts of the obligations associated with the retirement of oil and natural gas properties for both period ends.

USD 000 2014 2013
Balance for provision at December 31, - 6,671
Classified as held for sale - (6,671)
At December 31 - -

NOTE 13. SHARE CAPITAL AND RESERVES

Share capital

Amounts in USD 000 unless otherwise stated Number of shares Nominal Share Capital
January 1, 2014 / 2013 and December 31,
2014
234,545,786 56,333

Panoro Energy was formed through the merger of Norse Energy's former Brazilian business and Pan-Petroleum on June 29, 2010. Consequently all shares are fully paid-up and have a par value of NOK 1.460471768 and carry equal voting rights. The Company is incorporated in Norway and the share capital is denominated in NOK. The share capital given above is translated to USD at the foreign exchange rate in effect at the time of each share issue.

Shares owned by the CEO, board members and key management, directly and indirectly, at December 31, 2014:

Shareholder Position Number of shares % of total
Julien Balkany(i) Chairman of the Board of
Directors
5,451,051 2.32%
Lars Brandeggen(ii) Director 1,629,112 0.69%
Nishant Dighe Chief Executive Officer 1,325,000 0.56%
Qazi Qadeer Chief Financial Officer 25,000 0.01%

(i) Mr. Balkany has beneficial interest in Nanes Balkany Partners I LP and is also the Chief Investment Office of this fund that owns 5,231,051 shares in the Company, and has a beneficial interest in Balkany Investments LLC which owns 220,000 shares in the Company.

(ii) Mr. Brandeggen directly owns 68,981 shares in the Company and in addition has a beneficial interest in U-Turn Ventures AS which owns 1,560,131 shares in the Company.

Reserves

Share premium

Share premium reserve represents excess of subscription value of the shares over the nominal amount.

Other reserves

Other reserves represent items arising on consolidation of PEdB as comparatives and execution of merger.

Additional paid-in capital

Additional paid-in capital represents reserves created under the continuity principle on demerger. Share-based payments credit is also recorded under this reserve.

Currency translation reserve

The translation reserve comprises all foreign exchange differences arising from the translation of the financial statements of foreign operations.

NOTE 14. INTEREST BEARING DEBT

The Company had entered into a sale agreement with GeoPark Holdings to sell its entire shareholding in its fully owned subsidiary Rio das Contas (RdC) which also holds Manati field. The shares in RdC and Manati were pledged as security under the bond agreement which required mandatory redemption of the loan on completion of sale transaction. Under the terms of the bond agreement, mandatory redemption premium of 6% was applied to the principal balance on redemption date of April 4, 2014. A payment of USD 123.4 million was made on the same date to fully repay the debt obligations.

USD 000 Note 2014 2014 2013 2013
Current Non-current Current Non-current
NOK denominated loans - - 26,838 -
USD denominated loans - - 83,380 -
Effects of re-measurement of bond liability - - 8,694 -
At December 31 - - 118,912 -

NOTE 15. ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND ACCRUED LIABILITIES

USD 000 2014 2013
Accounts payable 265 1,483
Accruals and other payables 1,265 7,560
Trade and other payables directly associated with assets classified as held for sale - (3,775)
At December 31 1,530 5,268

NOTE 16. SHARE-BASED PAYMENT PLANS

Share Option Plan

Following the merger in June 2010, the Company established an option plan (the "Panoro Option Plan") whereby options were granted to the key management and employees on various dates.

The Panoro Option Plan governs all future grants of options by the Company to Directors, officers, key employees and certain consultants of the Group. Options are granted under the Panoro Options Plan at the discretion of the Board of Directors. No changes were made to the options plan during the current and previous financial year.

No options were allocated to employees during the current and prior year. Vesting of options under this plan is over a three year period, with 1/3 of the options exercisable each year. The exercise price of the options set at the time of issue is to be increased by 8 percent after year two and additional 8 percent annually thereafter. The exercise price for the options is as follows:

2010 awards

2,333,333 options had a vesting period until August 17, 2011 and can be exercised until August 17, 2012 at NOK 6.00 or until August 17, 2013 at NOK 6.48;

2,333,333 options had a vesting period until August 17, 2012 and can be exercised until August 17, 2013 at NOK 6.48 or until August 17, 2014 at NOK 7.00 and

2,333,334 options have a vesting period until August 17, 2013 and can be exercised until August 17, 2014 at NOK 7.00 or until August 17, 2015 at NOK 7.56.

2011 awards

1,640,000 options had a vesting period until December 21, 2012 and can be exercised until December 21, 2013 at NOK 6.00 or until December 21, 2014 at NOK 6.48;

1,640,000 options have a vesting period until December 21, 2013 and can be exercised until December 21, 2014 at NOK 6.48 or until December 21, 2015 at NOK 7.00; and

1,640,000 options have a vesting period until December 21, 2014 and can be exercised until December 21, 2015 at NOK 7.00 or until December 21, 2016 at NOK 7.56.

2012 awards

641,666 options have a vesting period until November 8, 2013 and can be exercised until November 8, 2014 at NOK 6.00 or until November 8, 2015 at NOK 6.48;

641,666 options have a vesting period until November 8, 2014 and can be exercised until November 8, 2015 at NOK 6.48 or until November 8, 2016 at NOK 7.00 and

641,668 options have a vesting period until November 8, 2015 and can be exercised until November 8, 2016 at NOK 7.00 or until November 8, 2017 at NOK 7.56.

Options will be considered as vested if an employee stays in employment of the Company or its subsidiaries over the full length of the individual vesting period of each tranche granted. Should any of the Group companies or an employee decide to terminate their employment prior to the start of exercise period, the options shall expire without any further compensation. All options under the plan will be settled in shares.

The Company calculates the value of share-based compensation using a Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate the fair value of share options at the date of grant. The estimated fair value of options is amortised to expense over the options' vesting period. USD 108 thousand (2013: USD 235 thousand - charged) has been released to the statement of comprehensive income (including continuing activities of USD 34 thousand charge and discontinued activities of USD 142 thousand credit) since grant dates during 2014 and the same amount credited to additional paid-in capital.

The assumptions made for the valuation of options are as follows:

Key assumptions 2014 2013

Weighted average risk free interest rate, depending on
the length of the option
Dividend yield No options were granted during 2014 No options were granted during
2013
Weighted average expected life of options
Volatility range based on a peer study
Weighted average remaining contractual life of options 0.65 years 1.90 years

As of December 31, 2014, 2,161,673 options (2013: 5,816,673 options) were outstanding for 9 employees (2013: 22 employees) including contract employees and key management personnel. Of these employees, 3 employees had left the employment as of year-end but under Company's policy their options were exercisable up to three months from the leaving date. Of the total outstanding options 2,161,673 options were vested and exercisable at an average of NOK 6.88 per share. A summary of outstanding and vested options is tabled below:

Outstanding Options Vested options
Exercise price in NOK Outstanding options 2014 Weighted average
remaining contractual life
Weighted average
exercise price - NOK
Vested options 2014 Weighted av
erage exercise
price - NOK
6.00 - - - - -
6.00 or 6.48 1,000,000 0.19 years 6.48 1,000,000 6.48
6.48 or 7.00 685,002 1.36 years 7.00 685,002 7.00
7.00 or 7.56 476,671 0.57 years 7.56 476,671 7.56
Total 2,161,673 0.65 years 6.88 2,161,673 6.88

The following table illustrates the movements in number of share options during the period:

Number of options 2014 2013
Outstanding balance at January 1, 5,816,673 9,800,000
Grants during the period - -
Options terminated (968,338) (1,753,337)
Options expired (2,686,662) (2,229,990)
Outstanding at December 31, 2,161,673 5,816,673

The weighted average fair value of options granted during the period was NOK nil per option as none were granted during the year (2013: No options were granted during the year).

The distribution of outstanding options amongst the employees is as follows:

Name Number of options Options vested Exercise
price in NOK
Exercise period Fair value ex
pensed/(credited)
– USD 000
Nishant Dighe 500,001 500,001 7.00-7.56 August 17, 2015 –
December 21, 2016
25
Qazi Qadeer (i) 125,001 125,001 7.00-7.56 August 17, 2015 –
December 21, 2016
2
Jan Kielland – former CEO 1,000,000 1,000,000 6.48 upto March 31, 2015 (7)
Other employees (including
discontinued operations)
536,671 536,671 7.00-7.56 August 17, 2015 –
December 21, 2016
(128)
Total 2,161,673 2,161,673 (108)

(i) Mr. Qadeer was formally designated as the interim Chief Financial Officer in August 2014 his disclosable share based payment charge has been apportioned over a five month period only.

No vested options were exercised by key management or other employees in the current financial year.

Under the share option plan in an event where there is a change of control, all outstanding share options will vest immediately and the Company may have the right to terminate the options by:

  • Compensating the difference between the fair market value of the options and the exercise value; or
  • Replacing the options with new options in the acquiring company; or
  • Compensating the holder of the options with an amount of cash equivalent to the fair market value of the options, using the full contractual life of the option when calculating the fair market value.

A change of control is defined under the options plan as an event; whereby a tender offer is made and consummated for the ownership

of more than 50% or more of the outstanding voting securities of the Company; or the Company is merged or consolidated with another corporation and as a result of such merger or consolidation less than 50.1% of the outstanding voting securities of the surviving entity or resulting corporation are owned in the aggregate by the persons by the entities or persons who were shareholders of the Company immediately prior to such merger or consolidation; or the Company sells substantially all of its assets to another corporation that is not a wholly owned subsidiary.

NOTE 17. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Fair Value

Set out below is a comparison by category of carrying amounts and fair values of all the Group's financial instruments that are carried in the financial statements:

Carrying amount Fair value
USD 000 Financial instrument classification 2014 2013 2014 2013 Fair value
hierarchy
Financial assets
Cash and bank balances Fair value through the P&L 40,941 56,756 40,941 56,756 Level 3
Accounts receivable Loans and receivables - - - - Level 3
Financial liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities Other financial liabilities 1,530 5,268 1,530 5,268 Level 3
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings Other financial liabilities - 118,912 - 117,656 Level 2

Determination of fair value

The fair value of interest bearing loans and borrowings is determined by reference to the quotation trades of the bond instrument in the secondary market at period end.

The carrying amount of cash and bank balances is equal to fair value since all financial instruments entered into during 2014 were disposed of prior to year-end. Similarly, the carrying amount of accounts receivables and accounts payables is equal to fair value since they are entered into on "normal" terms and conditions.

NOTE 18. FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT

The Group's principal financial liabilities comprise of accounts payables. The main purpose of these financial instruments is to manage short-term cash flow and raise finance for the Group's capital expenditure program. The Group has various financial assets such as accounts receivable and cash.

It is, and has been throughout the year ending December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the Group's policy that no speculative trading in derivatives shall be undertaken.

The main risks that could adversely affect the Group's financial assets, liabilities or future cash flows are interest rate risk, foreign currency risk, liquidity risk and credit risk. The management reviews and agrees policies for managing each of these risks which are summarized below.

The following discussion also includes a sensitivity analysis that is intended to illustrate the sensitivity to changes in the market variables on the Group's financial instruments and show the impact on profit or loss and shareholders' equity, where applicable. Financial instruments affected by market risk include, accounts receivables, accounts payable and accrued liabilities.

The sensitivity has been prepared for periods ending December 31, 2014 and 2013 using the amounts of debt and other financial assets and liabilities held as at those reporting dates.

Interest rate risk

The Group's exposure to the risk of changes in market interest rates relates primarily to the Group's cash balances.

The following table demonstrates the sensitivity to a reasonably possible change in interest rates, with all other variables held constant, of the Group's profit before tax through the impact on floating rate borrowings and cash and cash equivalents.

USD 000 2014 2013
+100bps -100bps +100bps -100bps
Cash 312 (312) 545 (545)
Net effect 312 (312) 545 (545)

Foreign currency risk

The Company operates internationally and is exposed to risk arising from various currency exposures, primarily with respect to the Norwegian Kroner (NOK), the Pound Sterling (GBP) and the Brazilian Real (BRL). From a financial statements perspective, subsidiaries in Brazil have a BRL functional currency and are exposed to fluctuations for presentation purposes in these financial statements. The volatility in BRL has resulted in a translation gain of USD 3.4 million as of December 31, 2014 (2013: USD 19.1 million loss). The Group has transactional currency exposures. Such exposure arises from sales or purchases in currencies other than the respective functional currency.

The Group reports its consolidated results in USD, any change in exchange rates between its operating subsidiaries' functional currencies and the USD affects its consolidated income statement and balance sheet when the results of those operating subsidiaries are translated into USD for reporting purposes.

Group companies are required to manage their foreign exchange risk against their functional currency.

The Group evaluates on a continuous basis to use cross currency swaps if deemed appropriate by management in order to hedge the forward foreign currency risk associated with its foreign currency denominated bond loans. The group used no derivatives/swaps during 2013 or 2014.

A 20% strengthening or weakening of the USD against the following currencies at December 31, 2014 would have increased / (decreased) equity and profit or loss by the amounts shown below.

The Group's assessment of what a reasonable potential change in foreign currencies that it is currently exposed to have been changed as a result of the changes observed in the world financial markets. This hypothetical analysis assumes that all other variables, including interest rates and commodity prices, remain constant.

USD 000 2014 2013
USD vs NOK + 20% -20% + 20% -20%
Cash (64) 64 (6,134) 6,134
Loans - - 5,790 (5,790)
Receivables (7) 7 (9) 9
Payables 91 (91) 127 (127)
Net effect 20 (20) (226) 226
USD vs GBP + 20% -20% + 20% -20%
Cash (124) 124 (26) 26
Receivables (22) 22 (11) 11
Payables 99 (99) 32 (32)
Net effect (47) 47 (5) 5
USD vs BRL + 20% -20% + 20% -20%
Cash (152) 152 (4,813) 4,813
Receivables (84) 84 (2,576) 2,576
Payables 116 (116) 1,039 (1,039)
Net effect (120) 120 (6,350) 6,350

Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Group will not be able to meet its obligations as they fall due. Prudent liquidity risk management includes maintaining sufficient cash and marketable securities, the availability of funding from an adequate amount of committed credit facilities and the ability to close out market positions.

The table below summarises the maturity profile of the Group's financial liabilities at December 31, 2014 based on contractual undiscounted payments.

2014
USD 000 On demand Less than 1 year 1 to 2 years 2 to 5 years >5 years Total
Interest bearing loans and borrowings - - - - - -
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities - 1,530 - - - 1,530
Total - 1,530 - - - 1,530
2013
USD 000 On demand Less than 1 year 1 to 2 years 2 to 5 years >5 years
Interest bearing loans and borrowings - 27,599 25,883 108,980 - 162,462
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities - 5,268 - - - 5,268
Total - 32,867 25,883 108,980 - 167,730

Panoro Energy held cash and bank balances amounting to USD 40.9 million per December 31, 2014, which is sufficient liquidity given the Company's current operations and capital expenditure commitments. Gross interest bearing debt stood at USD nil at the end of 2014.

Panoro Energy has firm capital expenditures commitments estimated to approximately USD 30 million in 2015. Further capital expenditure requirements may arise, i.e. in both the Dussafu permit offshore Gabon and Aje license offshore Nigeria, pending partnership investment decisions on Field development planning. Beyond 2015 the company has not made any capital expenditure commitments. The Company does not expect to engage in new capital intensive project activities until the Company has strengthened its financial flexibility further.

Credit risk

The Group is exposed to credit risk that arises from cash and cash equivalents, derivative financial instruments and deposits with banks and financial institutions, as well as credit exposures to customers, including outstanding receivables and committed transactions.

For banks and financial institutions, only independently rated parties with a minimum rating of "A" are accepted. Any change of financial

institutions (except minor issues) are approved by the Group CFO.

If the Group's customers are independently rated, these ratings are used. Otherwise, if there is no independent rating, risk control in the operating units assesses the credit quality of the customer, taking into account its financial position, past experience and other factors. The utilization of credit limits is regularly monitored and kept within approved budgets.

Most of the credit risk was associated with the sole buyer of gas (Petrobras), where management considered the risk of default to be low. This particular credit risk has ceased with the completion of the Rio das Contas sale transaction to GeoPark Holdings.

Past due but not impaired
USD 000 Total Neither past due nor impaired < 30 days 30-60 days 60-90 days 90-120 days >120
days
2014 - - - - - - -
2013 9,546 9,546 - - - - -
2013 * (9,546) (9,546) - - - - -

*Classified as held for sale

Capital Management

The primary objective of the Group's capital management is to continuously evaluate measures to strengthen its financial basis and to ensure that the Group are fully funded for its committed 2015 activities. The Group manages its capital structure and makes adjustments to it in light of changes in economic conditions. In order to maintain or change the capital structure, the Group may adjust the amount of dividend payments to shareholders, return capital to shareholders or issue new shares. The Company has no debt arrangements in place and has the flexibility to source conventional debt capital from the markets.

Given the uncertainty around the financial situation of Partners, as has been publicly shared by these companies, it is possible that the cost of investment for Panoro may increase in the foreseeable future. Consequently the Company may need to further improve its financial base to cover these costs and to have a fully funded business plan for the next 12 months. Such improvements might come from portfolio optimization, including dilution of interest in its projects in exchange of project funding, assets sales, farm downs and/or a potential strengthening of the balance sheet through conventional financial sources such as debt and convertible bonds. There are no commitments towards work-programme on both of the Company's licenses and the only commitment is the development funding to first oil on OML 113. The Group is continuously evaluating the capital structure with the aim of having an optimal mix of equity and debt capital to reduce the Group's cost of capital and looking at avenues to procure that in the forthcoming year. In an event that additional funding commitments, if any, cannot be fulfilled through external financing sources, the Company retains the strategic option to withdraw from participation in its projects and preserve its cash resources.

USD 000 2014 2013
Non-current debt - -
Current debt - (118,912)
Cash and bank balances (including restricted cash) - 56,756
Net debt - (62,156)
Book Equity Ratio (Assets to Equity ratio) - 45%

NOTE 19. GUARANTEES AND PLEDGES

Brazil

The Company has provided a performance guarantee to the Brazilian directorate ANP, in terms of which the Company is liable for the commitments of Coral, Estrela do Mar, Cavalo Marinho and BCAM-40 licenses in accordance with the given concessions of the licenses. The guarantee is unlimited.

UK

Under section 479A of the UK Companies Act 2006; two of the Company's indirect subsidiaries Panoro Energy Limited (Registration number: 6386242) and African Energy Equity Resources Limited (Registration number: 5724928) have availed exemption for audit of their statutory financial statements pursuant to guarantees issued by the Company to indemnify the subsidiaries of any losses that may arise in the financial year ended December 31, 2014.

NOTE 20. OTHER COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES

Leasing arrangements

Operating leases relate to leases of office space with lease terms between 1 to 10 years.

Non - cancellable operating lease commitments

USD 000 2014 2013
Not later than 1 year 308 485
Later than 1 year and not later than 5 years - 112
Later than 5 years - -
At December 31 308 597

Uncertainties surrounding abandonment liabilities

The Company has provided performance guarantee to the Brazilian Petroleum AgencyANP in order to fulfil all commitments on its licences in Brazil. A recent review of retirement obligations on abandoned wells in BS-3 licences (Cavalo Marinho and Estrela do Mar) has highlighted certain work on wells which could be performed as a best practice measure. However, the Operator's and consortia's interpretation on the Brazilian Petroleum Agency's guidelines applicable to dismantled wells fulfil the minimum requirements and at present there is a low probability that a major expenditure will be required. Should the regulator require further work on these wells, the cost of such retirement works could be considerable, although it is expected that a risk of such request from the regulator is low and considered to be contestable.

Unsubstantiated legal claims

In the latter part of the 2014, a lawsuit was brought against the Company by Euro-Latin Capital SA (Uruguay) which is being heard in the Oslo District Court in 2015. The matter relates to success fee under an engagement letter for corporate advisory services. The claim amounts to USD 2.4 million excluding interest and legal costs. Panoro and its legal advisors representing in the dispute have categorically rejected these claims and are of the view that any claim against the Company is completely unfounded and misplaced. The Company's legal counsel is of the opinion that the most likely outcome of such legal proceedings would result in Panoro being fully acquitted. As such, the probability of any payment of the alleged claims is remote.

NOTE 21. RELATED PARTIES TRANSACTIONS

The only related party transactions during the year relate to directors' remuneration which is disclosed in note 4d

NOTE 22. SUBSIDIARIES

Details of the Group's subsidiaries as of December 31, 2014, are as follows:

Subsidiary Place of incorporation and ownership Ownership interest and voting power
Panoro Energy do Brasil Ltda Brazil 100%
Panoro Energy Limited UK 100%
African Energy Equity Resources Limited UK 100%
Pan-Petroleum (Holding) Cyprus Limited Cyprus 100%
Pan-Petroleum Holding B.V. Netherlands 100%
Pan-Petroleum Gabon B.V. Netherlands 100%
Pan-Petroleum Gabon Holding B.V. Netherlands 100%
Pan-Petroleum Nigeria Holding B.V. Netherlands 100%
Pan-Petroleum Services Holding B.V. Netherlands 100%
Pan-Petroleum AJE Limited Nigeria 100%
Energy Equity Resources AJE Limited Nigeria 100%
Energy Equity Resources Oil and Gas Limited Nigeria 100%
Syntroleum Nigeria Limited Nigeria 100%
PPN Services Limited Nigeria 100%
Energy Equity Resources (Cayman Islands)
Limited
Cayman Islands 100%
Energy Equity Resources (Nominees) Limited Cayman Islands 100%

NOTE 23. EVENTS SUBSEQUENT TO REPORTING DATE

There are no material disclosable events subsequent to December 31, 2014.

NOTE 24. RESERVES (UNAUDITED)

The Group has adopted a policy of regional reserve reporting using external third party companies to audit its work and certify reserves and resources according to the guidelines established by the Oslo Stock Exchange ("OSE"). Reserve and contingent resource estimates comply with the definitions set by the Petroleum Resources Management System ("PRMS") issued by the Society of Petroleum Engineers ("SPE"), the American Association of Petroleum Geologists ("AAPG"), the World Petroleum Council ("WPC") and the Society of Petroleum Evaluation Engineers ("SPEE") in March 2007. Panoro uses the services of Gaffney, Cline & Associates ("GCA") for 3rd party verifications of its reserves

The following is a summary of key results from the reserve reports (net of the Group's share):

Asset 1P reserves (MMBOE) 2P reserves (MMBOE)
Aje (OML 113 Cenomanian oil development) 1.8 3.2
Panoro Total 1.8 3.2
2P reserves (MMBOE)
Balance (previous ASR) as of December 31, 2013 10.0
Production 2014 -
Revision of previous estimates -
Disposal of interest in Manati Field during the year (10.0)
New developments since previous ASR 3.2
Balance (current ASR) as of December 31, 2014 3.2

Definitions:

1P) Proved Reserves

Proved Reserves are those quantities of petroleum, which by analysis of geoscience and engineering data, can be estimated with reasonable certainty to be commercially recoverable, from a given date forward, from known reservoirs and under defined economic conditions, operating methods, and government regulations.

2P) Probable Reserves

Probable Reserves are those additional reserves which analysis of geoscience and engineering data indicate are less likely to be recovered than Proved Reserves but more certain to be recovered than Possible Reserves.

FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2014

USD 000 Note 2014 2013
Operating income
Operating revenues 150 101
Total operating income 150 101
Operating expenses
General and administrative expense (2,517) (3,769)
Intercompany recharges 8 (2,583) (3,434)
Impairment of investments in subsidiary 2,7 (22,750) (111,660)
Loss on disposal of tangible assets 2,6 (5) -
Write-down of capitalised exploration costs - (512)
Depreciation 6 (3) (6)
Total operating expenses (27,858) (119,381)
Operating result 2 (27,708) (119,280)
Financial income 3 4,228 6,099
Interest and other finance expense / Effect of
re-measurement of bond liability
3, 10.1 (4,256) (24,873)
Currency gain / (loss) (3) 2,705
Result before income taxes (27,739) (135,349)
Income tax 5 - -
Result for the year (27,739) (135,349)
Earnings per share (basic and diluted) - USD 4 (0.12) (0.58)

The annexed notes form an integral part of these financial statements.

PANORO ENERGY ASA PARENT COMPANY BALANCE SHEET

AS AT DECEMBER 31, 2014

USD 000 Note 2014 2013
ASSETS
Non-current assets
Furniture, fixtures and office equipment 6 - 7
Investment in subsidiaries 7 43,104 207,637
Intercompany receivables 8 2,093 2,043
Total non-current assets 45,197 209,687
Current assets
Loans to subsidiaries 8 67,052 40,080
Other current assets 58 158
Cash and cash equivalent 38,467 46,251
Restricted cash - 2,604
Total current assets 105,577 89,093
TOTAL ASSETS 150,774 298,780
EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
EQUITY
Paid-in capital
Share capital 9 56,333 56,333
Share premium reserve 9 288,858 288,858
Additional paid-in capital 9 65,915 66,023
Total paid-in capital 411,106 411,214
Other equity
Other reserves 9 (265,293) (237,554)
Total other equity (265,293) (237,554)
TOTAL EQUITY 145,813 173,660
LIABILITIES
Current liabilities
Accounts payable 42 325
Bond loan 10 - 118,912
Intercompany payables 8 4,505 5,572
Other current liabilities 11 414 311
Total current liabilities 4,961 125,120
TOTAL LIABILITIES 4,961 125,120
TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 150,774 298,780

The annexed notes form an integral part of these financial statements

PANORO ENERGY ASA PARENT COMPANY STATEMENT OF CASH FLOW

FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2014

USD 000 Note 2014 2013
CASH FLOW FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income / (loss) for the year (27,739) (135,349)
Adjusted for:
Depreciation 6 3 6
Impairment of investment in subsidiary 7 22,750 116,660
Write-down of capitalised exploration costs - 512
Share based payments 2 (7) 99
Financial Income 3 (4,228) (6,099)
Financial Expenses 3 4,256 24,873
Loss on disposal of tangible assets - -
Foreign exchange gains/losses 3 (2,705)
(Increase)/decrease in trade and other receivables 100 34
Increase/(decrease) in trade and other payables (180) (39)
(Increase)/decrease in intercompany receivables - -
Increase/(decrease) in intercompany payables (1,067) (670)
Net cash flows from operating activities (6,109) (2,678)
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Additions to furniture and fixtures - -
Return of investment via capital reduction 141,783 -
Net proceeds from loans to subsidiaries - 55,275
Loans to subsidiaries (22,487) (25,650)
Net cash flows from investing activities 119,296 29,625
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Repayment of bond (123,394) (13,850)
Interests paid (183) (15,681)
Interests received 197 738
Movement in restricted cash 2,604 276
Net cash flows from financing activities (120,776) (28,517)
Effect of foreign currency translation adjustment on cash balances (195) 294
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents (7,784) (1,276)
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year 46,251 47,527
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of financial year 38,467 46,251

The annexed notes form an integral part of these financial statements.

NOTE 1. ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES

The annual accounts for the parent company Panoro Energy ASA (the "Company") are prepared in accordance with the Norwegian Accounting Act and accounting standards and practices generally accepted in Norway. The consolidated financial statements have been prepared under International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS") as adopted by the European Union ("EU") and are presented separately from the parent company.

The accounting policies under IFRS are described in note 2 of the consolidated financial statements. The accounting principles applied under NGAAP are in conformity with IFRS unless otherwise stated in the notes below.

The Company's annual financial statements are presented in US Dollars (USD) and rounded to the nearest thousand, unless otherwise stated. USD is the currency used for accounting purposes and is the functional currency. Shares in subsidiaries and other shares are recorded in Panoro Energy ASA's accounts using the cost method of accounting and reduced by impairment, if any.

NOTE 2. GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES

Operating result

Operating result is stated after charging / (crediting):

USD 000 2014 2013
Employee benefits expense (note 2.1) 1,106 1,324
Impairment of investment in subsidiary (note 7) 22,750 111,660
Depreciation (note 6) 3 6
Loss on disposal of tangible assets (note 6) 5 -
Write-down of capitalised exploration costs - 512
Operating lease payments 81 65
Intercompany recharges 2,583 3,434

2.1 Employee benefits expense

a)Salaries

The Company had 1 employee at December 31, 2014 (2013: 2 employees), and an average of 1 employees during the year (2013: 2 employees). Wages and salaries for these employees are included in general and administrative expenses.

The Company has an option program in place with a total of 2,161,673 outstanding options as of year-end (2013: 5,816,673 outstanding options). The share options plan was approved in previous General Meetings of the Company and details on this program is available in the share-based payment section.

Employee related expenses:

USD 000 2014 2013
Salaries 447 595
Employer's contribution 125 175
Pension costs 192 234
Other compensation including severance provision 349 222
Share-based payments (7) 99
Total 1,106 1,324

For details relating to remuneration of CEO and CFO, refer to note 4c in the consolidated financial statements.

b)Directors' remuneration

Please refer to note 4d of the Group financial statements for details on how directors' remuneration is determined.

Remuneration to members of the Board of Directors is summarized below:

USD 000 2014 2013
Julien Balkany 14 -
Lars Brandeggen 9 -
Alexandra Herger 9 -
Silje Christine Augustson 47 49
Dr. George Edward Watkins 2 49
Total 219 279
Isabel da Silva Ramos - 33
Dr. Philip A. Vingoe - 50
Endre Ording Sund 65 70
Bjørn Kristian Stadheim 35 11
Tone Kristin Omsted 38 17

No loans have been given to, or guarantees given on the behalf of, any members of the Management Group, the Board or other elected corporate bodies.

(i)Dr. Philip A. Vingoe and Ms. Isabel da Silva Ramos resigned from the Board in June 2013, whereas Dr. George Edward Watkins resigned from the board in January 2014.

(ii)Mr. Endre Ording Sund, Ms. Tone Kristin Omsted and Mr. Bjørn Kristian Stadheim resigned from the Board in October 2014. (iii)After Mr. Sund's resignation as Director and Chairman, Mr. Julien Balkany was appointed as the Chairman of the Board of Directors in the Company's EGM in October 2014.

(iv)Ms. Alexandra Herger and Mr. Lars Brandeggen were appointed Directors in the Company's EGM in October 2014.

No pension benefits were received by the Directors during 2014 and 2013.

There are no severance payment arrangements in place for the Directors.

c)Pensions

The Company is required to have an occupational pension scheme in accordance with the Norwegian law on required occupational pension ("Lov om obligatorisk tjenestepensjon"). The Company contributes to an external defined contribution scheme and therefore no pension liability is recognized in the balance sheet.

d)Auditor

Fees (excluding VAT) to the Company's auditors are included in general and administrative expenses and are shown below. The other fees related to advisory services provided in respect of consultations on corporate matters during the year. No auditors' fee was charged directly to equity.

2014 2013
87 119
4 11
- 66
91 196

e)Share based payment

Share Option Plan

Following the merger in June 2010, the Company established an option plan (the "Panoro Option Plan") whereby options were granted to the key management and employees on various dates.

The Panoro Option Plan governs all future grants of options by the Company to Directors, officers, key employees and certain consultants of the Group. Options are granted under the Panoro Options Plan at the discretion of the Board of Directors. No changes were made to the options plan during the current and previous financial year.

No options were allocated to employees during the current and prior years. Vesting of all these options from grant date is over a three year period, with 1/3 of the options exercisable each year. The exercise price of the options set at the time of issue is to be increased by 8 percent after year two and additional 8 percent annually thereafter. The exercise price for the options is as follows:

2010 awards

2,333,333 options had a vesting period until August 17, 2011 and can be exercised until August 17, 2012 at NOK 6.00 or until August 17, 2013 at NOK 6.48;

2,333,333 options had a vesting period until August 17, 2012 and can be exercised until August 17, 2013 at NOK 6.48 or until August 17, 2014 at NOK 7.00 and

2,333,334 options have a vesting period until August 17, 2013 and can be exercised until August 17, 2014 at NOK 7.00 or until August 17, 2015 at NOK 7.56.

2011 awards

1,640,000 options had a vesting period until December 21, 2012 and can be exercised until December 21, 2013 at NOK 6.00 or until December 21, 2014 at NOK 6.48;

1,640,000 options have a vesting period until December 21, 2013 and can be exercised until December 21, 2014 at NOK 6.48 or until December 21, 2015 at NOK 7.00; and

1,640,000 options have a vesting period until December 21, 2014 and can be exercised until December 21, 2015 at NOK 7.00 or until December 21, 2016 at NOK 7.56.

2012 awards

641,666 options have a vesting period until November 8, 2013 and can be exercised until November 8, 2014 at NOK 6.00 or until November 8, 2015 at NOK 6.48;

641,666 options have a vesting period until November 8, 2014 and can be exercised until November 8, 2015 at NOK 6.48 or until November 8, 2016 at NOK 7.00 and

641,668 options have a vesting period until November 8, 2015 and can be exercised until November 8, 2016 at NOK 7.00 or until November 8, 2017 at NOK 7.56.

Options will be considered as vested if an employee stays in employment of the Company or its subsidiaries over the full length of the individual vesting period of each tranche granted. Should any of the Group companies or an employee decide to terminate their employment prior to the start of exercise period, the options shall expire without any further compensation. All options under the plan will be settled in shares.

The Company calculates the value of share-based compensation using a Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate the fair value of share options at the date of grant. The estimated fair value of options is amortised to expense over the options' vesting period. USD 77 thousand (2013: USD 99 thousand) has been credited to the statement of comprehensive income during 2014 and the same amount debited to additional paid-in capital. The reversal is due to termination of options of the only employee of the Company prior to full vesting. Of the total share-based payment charge of negative USD 108 thousand (2013: USD 235 thousand) for the Group, USD 101 thousand relates to the Company's direct and indirect subsidiaries and such amount has been recorded as an investment in subsidiaries with the corresponding credit taken to additional paid-in capital.

The assumptions made for the valuation of options are as follows:

Key assumptions 2014 2013
Weighted average risk free interest rate, depending on the length
of the option
Dividend yield No options were No options were
Weighted average expected life of options granted during 2014 granted during 2013,
Volatility range based on a peer study
Weighted average remaining contractual life of options 0.65 years 1.90 years

As of December 31, 2014, 1,000,000 options were outstanding for one employee (2013: 1,666,667 options for two employees) including the former CEO and these options were vested and exercisable at NOK 6.48 per share. A summary of outstanding and vested options is tabled below:

Outstanding Options
Vested options
Exercise price in NOK Outstanding options
2014
Weightedaveragere
mainingcontractual life
Weighted average
exercise price - NOK
Vested options 2014 Weighted av
erage exercise
price - NOK
6.00 - - - - -
6.00 or 6.48 1,000,000 0.19 6.48 1,000,000 6.48
6.48 or 7.00 685,002 1.36 7.00 685,002 7.00
7.00 or 7.56 476,671 0.57 7.56 476,671 7.56
Total 2,161,673 0.65 6.88 2,161,673 6.88

The following table illustrates the movements in number of share options during the period:

2014 2013
Outstanding balance at January 1 5,816,673 9,800,000
Grants during the period - -
Options terminated (968,338) (1,753,337)
Options expired (2,686,662) (2,229,990)
Outstanding at December 31 2,161,673 5,816,673

The weighted average fair value of options granted during the period was NOK nil per option (2013: NOK nil per option) as none were granted during the year (2013: nil options).

The distribution of outstanding options amongst the employees is as follows:

Name Number of options Options vested Exercise price in
NOK
Exercise period Fair value ex
pensed/(credit
ed) – USD 000
Jan Kielland (former CEO) 1,000,000 1,000,000 6.48 November 8, 2012 –
March 31, 2015
(7)
Total 1,000,000 1,000,000 (7)

No vested options were exercised by key management or other employees in the current financial year. The outstanding options of Mr. Jan Kielland were cancelled on termination of his employment with the Company and exercise period was only available upto March 31, 2015.

Under the share option plan in an event where there is a change of control, all outstanding share options will vest immediately and the Company may have the right to terminate the options by:

  • Compensating the difference between the fair market value of the options and the exercise value; or
  • Replacing the options with new options in the acquiring company; or
  • Compensating the holder of the options with an amount of cash equivalent to the fair market value of the options, using the full contractual life of the option when calculating the fair market value.

A change of control is defined under the options plan as an event; whereby a tender offer is made and consummated for the ownership of more than 50% or more of the outstanding voting securities of the Company; or the Company is merged or consolidated with another corporation and as a result of such merger or consolidation less than 50.1% of the outstanding voting securities of the surviving entity or resulting corporation are owned in the aggregate by the persons by the entities or persons who were shareholders of the Company immediately prior to such merger or consolidation; or the Company sells substantially all of its assets to another corporation that is not a wholly owned subsidiary.

NOTE 3. FINANCIAL ITEMS

The financial expense breakdown is below:

USD 000 2014 2013
Interest income from subsidiaries 3,985 5,314
Other interest income 243 784
Total 4,228 6,099

Interest income from subsidiaries represents an interest on the intercompany loans. Refer to Note 8 for further information on these balances.

The financial expense breakdown is below:

USD 000 2014 2013
Interest expense on bond loans 3,544 15,381
Amortisation of debt issue costs 2,540 643
Early redemption penalty on bond loans 6,683 -
Bank and other financial charges 183 155
Total 12,950 16,179

The 2014 and 2013 interest expense on bond loans and the amortisation of debt issue costs relate to Panoro Energy Senior Secured Callable Bond Issue 2010/2018.

NOTE 4. EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share

USD 000 unless otherwise stated 2014 2013
Net result for the period (27,739) (135,349)
Weighted average number of shares outstanding - in thousands 234,546 234,546
Basic and diluted earnings per share – (USD) (0.12) (0.58)

Diluted earnings per share

When calculating the diluted earnings per share, the weighted average number of shares outstanding is normally adjusted for all dilutive effects relating to the Company's options.

As of December 31, 2014, 2,161,673 options were outstanding (2013: 5,816,673 options). Since the Company had a net loss for the year ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, the options have an anti-dilutive effect and therefore not considered when calculating diluted earnings per share.

NOTE 5. INCOME TAX

USD 000 2014 2013
Tax payable - -
Change in deferred tax - -
Income tax expense - -
Specification of the basis for tax payable:
USD 000
2014 2013
Result before income tax (27,739) (135,349)
Effect of permanent differences (9,931) 113,521
Tax losses not utilised / (utilised) 37,670 21,828
Basis for tax payable - -

Specification of deferred tax:

USD 000 2014 2013
Losses carried forward 98,415 144,349
Taxable temporary differences (2,533) (742)
Basis for tax payable 95,882 143,607
Calculated deferred tax asset (27%) 25,888 38,774
Unrecognised deferred tax asset (25,888) (38,774)
Deferred tax recognised on balance sheet - -

The tax losses carried forward are available indefinitely to offset against future taxable profits. The tax losses per return for the year ended December 31, 2013 was NOK 811.9 million (USD 109.3 million at 2014 closing exchange rate). The 2014 income for tax purposes has been provisionally calculated at NOK 80.8 million (approximately USD 12.8 million). The gain is arising due to fiscal currency difference in preparation of NOK based taxable income. The closing exchange rate for NOK to USD at December 31, 2014 was 22% weaker in comparison to 2013 year end rate and as such reduced the USD value of available losses.

The deferred tax asset is not recognized on the balance sheet due to uncertainty of income.

NOTE 6. FURNITURE, FIXTURES AND OFFICE EQUIPMENT

USD 000 IT and office equipment
Acquisition cost at January 1, 2014 110
Additions 1
Disposals (111)
Acquisition cost at December 31, 2014 -
Accumulated depreciation at December 31, 2014 -
Net carrying value at December 31, 2014 -
Depreciation for the year 3
Acquisition cost at January 1, 2013 110
Additions -
Acquisition cost at December 31, 2013 110
Accumulated depreciation at December 31, 2013 (103)
Net carrying value at December 31, 2013 7
Depreciation for the year 6

Following the decision to close the office in Oslo during 2014, IT and office equipment has been written-off resulting in a loss of USD 5,000.

NOTE 7. INVESTMENT IN SUBSIDIARIES

Investments in subsidiaries are carried at the lower of cost and fair market value. As of December 31, 2014 (2013: USD 207.6 million) the holdings in subsidiaries consist of the following:

USD 000 Headquarters Ownership interest and voting rights
Panoro Energy do Brasil Ltda (PEdB) Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 100%
Pan-Petroleum (Holding) Cyprus Ltd (PPHCL) Limassol, Cyprus 100%
PEdB PPHCL Total
Investment at cost
At January 1, 2014 236,414 129,106 365,520
Reduction of share capital during the year (note 7.1) (141,783) - (141,783)
At December 31, 2014 94,631 129,106 223,737
Provision for impairment
At January 1, 2014 (89,318) (68,565) (157,883)
Charge for the year (note 7.2) (5,313) (17,437) (22,750)
At December 31, 2014 (94,631) (86,002) (180,633)
Total investment in subsidiaries at December 31, 2014 - 43,104 43,104
Total investment in subsidiaries at December 31, 2013 147,096 60,541 207,637

(i) In March 2014, the Company's subsidiary Panoro Energy do Brasil Ltda. completed the sale of shares in it is fully owned subsidiary Rio das Contas for a base consideration of USD 140 million. The proceeds from the sale were returned to the Company via a reduction of capital in Panoro Energy do Brasil Ltda. The funds received of USD 141.8 million have been primarily used to repay the bond liability.

(ii) Impairment represents loss in value of Company's investment in shares of Panoro Energy do Brasil Ltda by USD 5.3 million (2013: USD

89.3 million) and USD 17.4 million in Pan-Petroleum (Holding) Cyprus Limited (2013: USD 22.3 million). The impairment has been determined by comparing estimated recoverable value of the underlying investment with the carrying amount.

NOTE 8. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS AND BALANCES

Operating revenues relate to administrative services provided to subsidiaries.

The Company's loans to the Brazilian subsidiary Panoro Energy do Brasil Ltda was settled during 2014 in full.

The Company's loan to the Cypriot subsidiary Pan-Petroleum (Holding) Cyprus Limited was classified as current and amounted to USD 67.1 million as at December 31, 2014 (2013: USD 40.1 million ). This loan carries an interest rate of 10% and is repayable on demand.

The intercompany recharges and other balances due from subsidiaries to the Company are classified as non-current and amounted to USD 2.1 million as at December 31, 2014 (2013: USD 2.0 million). Payable balance on account of intercompany recharges was USD 4.5 million (2013: USD 5.6 million) to Company's indirect subsidiary Panoro Energy Limited, which provides technical services. These balances do not carry an interest rate and have no maturity date.

See note 2 for details regarding directors' remuneration and related party transactions.

NOTE 9. SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY AND SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION

Nominal share capital in the Company at December 31, 2014 and 2013 amounted to NOK 342,547,500 (USD 56,333,267) consisting of 234,545,786, shares at a par value of NOK 1.460471768. All shares in issue are fully paid-up and carry equal voting rights.

The table below shows the changes in equity in the Company during 2014 and 2013:

USD 000 Share capital Share premium reserve Additional paid-in capital Other equity Total
At January 1, 2013 56,333 288,858 65,786 (102,205) 308,772
Loss for the year - - - (135,349) (135,349)
Share-based payments - - 237 - 237
At December 31, 2013 56,333 288,858 66,023 (237,554) 173,660
Loss for the year - - - (27,739) (27,739)
Share-based payments - - (108) - (108)
At December 31, 2014 56,333 288,858 65,915 (265,293) 145,813

Ownership structure

The Company had 4,343 shareholders per December 31, 2014 (2013: 4,694). The twenty largest shareholders were:

No. Shareholder Number of shares Holding in %
1 SIX SIS AG 24,556,220 10.5 %
2 STOREBRAND VEKST 13,699,367 5.8 %
3 KLP AKSJE NORGE VPF 10,800,000 4.6 %
4 KOMMUNAL LANDSPENSJONSKASSE 7,750,000 3.3 %
5 GOLDMAN SACHS INTERNATIONAL EQUITY 6,043,101 2.6 %
6 JP MORGAN CLEARING CORP. 5,451,051 2.3 %
7 VERDIPAPIRFONDET STOREBRAND OPTIMA 5,376,648 2.3 %
8 EUROCLEAR BANK S.A./N.V. ('BA') 5,351,967 2.3 %
9 UBS AG, LONDON BRANCH 5,000,000 2.1 %
10 MSCO EQUITY FIRM ACCOUNT 4,591,296 2.0 %
11 CITIBANK, N.A. 4,456,712 1.9 %
12 MP PENSJON PK 3,613,960 1.5 %
13 DNB NOR MARKETS, AKSJEHAND/ANALYSE 3,338,452 1.4 %
14 STOREBRAND NORGE 3,147,386 1.3 %
15 ING BANK N.V - EQUITY FINANCE 3,104,924 1.3 %
16 NORDNET BANK AB 2,996,402 1.3 %
17 KAMPEN INVEST AS 2,661,000 1.1 %
18 GRØNLAND STEINAR 2,425,000 1.0 %
19 PACTUM AS 2,000,000 0.9 %
20 SWEDBANK AS 1,880,365 0.8 %
Top 20 shareholders 118,243,851 50.4 %
Other shareholders 116,301,935 49.6 %
Total shares 234,545,786 100.0 %

Shares owned by the CEO, board members and key management, directly and indirectly, at December 31, 2014:

Shareholder Position Number of shares % of total
Julien Balkany(i) Chairman of the Board of Directors 5,451,051 2.30%
Lars Brandeggen(ii) Director 1,629,112 0.69%
Nishant Dighe Chief Executive Officer 1,325,000 0.56%
Qazi Qadeer Chief Financial Officer 25,000 0.01%

(iii)Mr. Balkany has beneficial interest in Nanes Balkany Partners I LP and is also the Chief Investment Office of this fund that owns 5,231,051 shares in the Company, and has a beneficial interest in Balkany Investments LLC which owns 220,000 shares in the Company.

(iv)Mr. Brandeggen directly owns 68,981 shares in the Company and in addition has a beneficial interest in U-Turn Ventures AS which owns 1,560,131 shares in the Company.

Shareholder distribution per December 31, 2014:

Amount of shares # of shareholders % of total # of shares Holding in %
1 - 1,000 1,848 42.55% 698,607 0.30%
1,001 - 5,000 980 22.57% 2,649,657 1.13%
5,001 - 10,000 406 9.35% 3,285,754 1.40%
10,001 - 100,000 845 19.46% 29,837,342 12.72%
100,001 - 1,000,000 236 5.43% 68,630,886 29.26%
1,000,001 + 28 0.64% 129,443,540 55.19%
Total 4,343 100.00% 234,545,786 100.00%

NOTE 10. BOND LOAN

After the sale of the Company's indirect subsidiary Rio das Contas, the Company has used the sale proceeds to repay the bond in full. The bond liability of USD 123.4 million was paid on April 4, 2014 and was inclusive of outstanding principal, accrued interest and early repayment penalty. As a result, the Company has no bond liability as of year ended December 31, 2014 (2013: USD 119 million).

NOTE 10.1 EFFECT OF REMEASUREMENT OF BOND LIABILITY

As a result of a repayment of bond loan during the year, the entire effect of re-measurement of bond liability of USD 8.7 million has been reversed in the income statement on realisation of bond redemption costs in actual.

NOTE 11. OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES

The breakdown of other current liabilities is below:

USD 000 2014 2013
Accruals including severance costs 299 87
Employee related costs payable (including taxes) 115 224
At December 31 414 311

NOTE 12. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

a) Commitments

Non-cancellable operating lease commitments

USD 000 2014 2013
Not later than 1 year 41 70
At December 31 41 70

Non-cancellable operating lease commitments relate to office premises rental.

b)Contingencies

Unsubstantiated legal claims

In the latter part of the 2014, a lawsuit was brought against the Company by Euro-Latin Capital SA (Uruguay) which is being heard in the Oslo District Court in 2015. The matter relates to success fee under an engagement letter for corporate advisory services. The claim amounts to USD 2.4 million excluding interest and legal costs. Panoro and its legal advisors representing in the dispute have categorically rejected these claims and are of the view that any claim against the Company is completely unfounded and misplaced. The Company's legal counsel is of the opinion that the most likely outcome of such legal proceedings would result in Panoro being fully acquitted. As such, the probability of any payment of the alleged claims is remote.

NOTE 13. FINANCIAL MARKET RISK AND BUSINESS RISK

See details in Note 18 in the consolidated financial statements.

NOTE 14. GUARANTEES AND PLEDGES

Under section 479A of the UK Companies Act 2006; two of the Company's indirect subsidiaries Panoro Energy Limited (Registration number: 6386242) and African Energy Equity Resources Limited (Registration number: 5724928) have availed exemption for audit of their statutory financial statements pursuant to guarantees issued by the Company to indemnify the subsidiaries of any losses that may arise in the financial year ended December 31, 2014.

The Company provided a performance guarantee to the Brazilian directorate ANP, in terms of which the Company is liable for the commitments of Estrela do Mar, Cavalo Marinho in accordance with the given concessions of the licenses. The guarantee is unlimited. After the ongoing relinquishment activities are concluded, the JV partners will make a formal claim to ANP from the release of Guarantee commitments.

On completion of the sale of Rio das Contas to GeoPark the guarantee pursuant to BCAM-40 was released by ANP.

NOTE 15. EVENTS SUBSEQUENT TO REPORTING DATE

Subsequent events can be referred to in Note 23 to the Group financial statements.

STATEMENT OF DIRECTORS' RESPONSIBILITY

Pursuant to the Norwegian Securities Trading Act section 5-5 with pertaining regulations we hereby confirm that, to the best of our knowledge, the company's financial statements for 2014 have been prepared in accordance with IFRS, as provided for by the EU, and in accordance with the requirements for additional information provided for by the Norwegian Accounting Act. The information presented in the financial statements gives a true and fair picture of the company's liabilities, financial position and results viewed in their entirety.

To the best of our knowledge, the Board of Directors' Report gives a true and fair picture of the development, performance and financial position of the company, and includes a description of the principal risk and uncertainty factors facing the company. Additionally, we confirm to the best of our knowledge that the report "Payments to governments" as provided in a separate section in this annual report has been prepared in accordance with the requirements in the Norwegian Securities Trading Act Section 5-5a with pertaining regulations.

Julien Balkany Chairman of the Board

Alexandra Herger Non-Executive Director

April 29, 2015 The Board of Directors Panoro Energy ASA

Silje Christine Augustson Non-Executive Director

Nishant Dighe Chief Executive Officer

Lars Brandeggen Non-Executive Director

DECLARATION FROM THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF PANORO ENERGY ASA ON EXECUTIVE REMUNERATION POLICIES

(REF. SECTION 6-16a OF THE NORWEGIAN PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANIES ACT)

Part 1: Salaries, bonuses and other non-share based remuneration

Panoro Energy ASA has established a compensation program for executive management that reflects the responsibility and duties as management of an international oil and gas company and at the same time contributes to add value for the Company's shareholders. The goal for the Board of Directors has been to establish a level of remuneration that is competitive both in domestic and international terms to ensure that the Group is an attractive employer that can obtain a qualified and experienced workforce. The compensation structure can be summarized as follows:

Compensation Element Objective and Rational Form What the Element Rewards
Base Salary A competitive level of compensation is provid
ed for fulfilling position responsibilities
Cash Knowledge, expertise, experience,
scope of responsibilities and reten
tion
Shorm-term Incentives To align annual performance with Panoro's
business objectives and shareholder interests.
Short-term incentive pools increase or de
crease based on business performance
Cash Achievement of specific perfor
mance benchmarks and individual
performance goals
Long-term Incentives To promote commitment to achieving long
term exceptional performance and business
objectives as well as aligning interests with
the shareholders through ownership levels
comprised of share options and share based
awards
Restricted Share
Units
Sustained performance results, share
price increases and achievement
of specific performance measures
based on quantified factors and
metrics

The Remuneration Committee oversees our compensation programs and is charged with the review and approval of the Company's general compensation strategies and objectives and the annual compensation decisions relating to our executives and to the broad base of Company employees. Its responsibilities also include reviewing management succession plans; making recommendations to the Board of Directors regarding all employment agreements, severance agreements, change in control agreements and any special supplemental benefits applicable to executives; assuring that the Company's incentive compensation program, including the annual, short term incentives and long- term incentive plans, is administered in a manner consistent with the Company's strategy; approving and/or recommending to the Board of Directors new incentive compensation plans and equity-based compensation plans; reviewing the Company's employee benefit programs; recommending for approval all administrative changes to compensation plans that may be subject to the approval of the shareholders or the Board of Directors; reviewing and reporting to the Board of Directors the levels of share ownership by the senior executives in accordance with the Share Ownership Policy to be adopted (see below).

The Remuneration Committee seeks to structure compensation packages and performance goals for compensation in a manner that does not incentivize employees to take risks that are reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company. The Compensation Committee designs long-term incentive compensation, including restricted share, performance units and share options in such a manner that employees will forfeit their awards if their employment is terminated for cause. The Committee also retains the discretionary authority to reduce bonuses to reflect factors regarding individual performance that are not otherwise taken into account..

Remuneration in 2014:

Remuneration for executive management for 2014 consists of both fixed and variable elements. The fixed elements consist of salaries and other benefits (free phone, electronic communication, newspapers, etc.), while the variable elements consist of a performance based bonus arrangement and a share option scheme that was approved by the Board of Directors in 2014. The annual bonus was determined based on the achievement of certain pre-set targets.

For 2014, the following was paid to the executives:

2014 Short term benefits
USD 000 (unless
stated otherwise)
Salary Bonus Benefits Pension
costs
Pension
costs
Total Number
of options
awarded in
2014
Fair value of op
tions expensed/
(credited)
Nishant Dighe,
CEO / COO
375 41 15 48 - 479 - 25
Qazi Qadeer,
CFO(*)
108 54 3 11 - 176 - 2
Jan Kielland, for
mer CEO(**)
434 47 4 28 218 731 - (7)
Anders Kapstad,
former CFO (***)
177 38 12 8 365 600 - (52)
Total 1.094 180 34 95 583 1.986 - (32)

(*) Mr. Qazi Qadeer assumed the role of CFO with effect from August 1, 2014 and his remuneration tabled above is also reflective of this.

  • (**) Following the decision to relocate Panoro's head office to London in December 2014, Mr. Jan Kielland stepped down from the role of CEO and was replaced by the former COO, Mr Nishant Dighe as interim CEO. Mr. Kielland was entitled to a lump sum of six month's base salary as severance of approx. USD 218 thousand as well as his monthly base salary until June 2015 as per the terms of his termination agreement. Mr. Kielland's severance was paid in January 2015.
  • (***) Mr. Kapstad's two year contract with the Brazilian subsidiary, Panoro Energy do Brasil Ltda. expired on July 31, 2014 and at this point he was entitled to a 12 months base salary of approx. USD 365 thousand; in addition to his contractual salary, Mr. Kapstad was entitled to be reimbursed for overseas housing expenses and school fees, which totalled USD 95 thousand to the point of his contract expiry in July 2014. Severance pay for Mr. Kapstad was approved by the previous Board of Directors that stepped down in the Extraordinary General Meeting on October 14, 2014.

All bonuses that were incurred and paid in 2014 were after completion of milestones that the previous Board of Directors approved in 2013. The previous Board of Directors consisted of Mr. Endre Ording Sund (Chairman), Ms. Silje Christine Augustson, Mr. Bjørn Kristian Stadheim and Ms. Tone Kristin Omsted.

Remuneration principles for 2015:

For 2015, remuneration for executive management consists of both fixed and variable elements. The fixed elements consist of salaries and other benefits (free phone, electronic communication, newspapers, etc.), while the variable elements consist of a performance based bonus arrangement and a share option scheme that was approved by the Board of Directors in 2015.

Any cash bonuses to members of the executive management for 2015 will be capped at 50% of annual base salary. Further, bonuses will be based on criteria linked with certain measurable, strategic, organizational and/or operational targets, which will be individually tailored for each member of the executive team. Criteria will be determined by the Board of Directors within the first 60 days of any financial year. In general, the criteria applied for cash bonuses to members of the executive team during the previous financial year will, unless they contain confidential and company sensitive targets, be disclosed in the Company's annual remuneration statement for the financial year after grant.

Severance payments etc:

Per the respective terms of employment, the CEO is entitled to 12 months of base salary in the event of a change of control; whereby a tender offer is made or consummated for the ownership of more than 50% or more of the outstanding voting securities of the Company; or the Company is merged or consolidated with another corporation and as a result of such merger or consolidation less than 50.1% of the outstanding voting securities of the surviving entity or resulting corporation are owned in the aggregate by the persons by the entities or persons who were shareholders of the Company immediately prior to such merger or consolidation; or the Company sells substantially all of its assets to another corporation that is not a wholly owned subsidiary. The CFO is not entitled to such remuneration at change of control.

Pensions:

The Company is required to have an occupational pension scheme in accordance with the Norwegian law on required occupational pension ("Lov om obligatorisk tjenestepensjon"). The Company contributes to an external defined contribution scheme and therefore no pension liability is recognized in the statement of financial position.

In the UK, the Company's subsidiary that employs the staff, contributes a fixed amount per Company policy in an external defined contribution scheme. As such, no pension liability is recognised in the statement of financial position in relation to Company's subsidiaries either.

Share ownership guidelines:

With a view to aligning the long-term interests of the directors of the board with those of shareholders the board of directors might decide to implement a share ownership policy for directors (the "SOG Policy"). Pursuant to the SOG Policy, Directors are required to hold shares of the Company with a combined value of not less than NOK 250,000 and such directors are expected to achieve this level within 3 years starting from the later of either the date of appointment to a position noted above or from the date of adoption of the SOG Policy.

The Board of Directors, upon the Remuneration Committee's recommendation, has also adopted a SOG Policy for members of the executive management to ensure that they have meaningful economic stake in the Company. The SOG policy is designed to satisfy an individual senior executive's need for portfolio diversification, while maintain management share ownership at levels high enough to assure the Company's shareholders of managements' full commitment to value creation. Officers of the Company are required to invest in a number of shares valued at a multiple of their base salary in the amounts ranging from 1 times base salary for CFO and COO to 3 times base salary for the CEO. A member of the executive team will have three years to comply with the ownership requirements starting from the later of either the date of appointment to a position noted above or from the date of adoption of the SOG Policy. Implementation of the SOG Policy for members of the executive management is subject to the shareholders approving a new Restricted Stock Unit program at the 2015 Annual General Meeting.

2014 – Compliance:

In 2014, the executives received base salaries and cash incentive bonuses in line with the executive remuneration policies as presented to the 2014 Annual General Meeting. Severance payments with respect to Mr. Kielland and Mr. Kapstad are described above.

Part 2: Share based incentives

No options under the Company's option program were issued or granted during 2013 or 2014.

For 2015, the Board of Directors will only issue share based incentives in line with any shareholder approved program. Awards will normally be considered one time per year and grant of share based incentives will in value (calculated at the time of grant) be capped to 100% of the annual base salary for the CEO and 50% of the annual base salary for other members of the executive management.

STATEMENT ON CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IN PANORO ENERGY ASA

Panoro Energy ASA ("Panoro" or "the Company") aspires to ensure confidence in the Company and the greatest possible value creation over time through efficient decision making, clear division of roles between shareholders, management and the Board of Directors ("the Board") as well as adequate communication.

Panoro Energy seeks to comply with all the requirements covered in The Norwegian Code of Practice for Corporate Governance. The latest version of the Code of October 30, 2014 is available on the website of the Norwegian Corporate Governance Board, www.ncgb.no. The Code is based on the "comply or explain" principle, in that companies should explain alternative approaches to any specific recommendation.

1.IMPLEMENTATION AND REPORTING ON CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

The main objective for Panoro's Corporate Governance is to develop a strong, sustainable and competitive company in the best interest of the shareholders, employees and society at large, within the laws and regulations of the respective country. The Board of Directors (the Board) and management aim for a controlled and profitable development and long-term creation of growth through well-founded governance principles and risk management.

The Board will give high priority to finding the most appropriate working procedures to achieve, inter alia, the aims covered by these Corporate Governance guidelines and principles.

The Norwegian Code of Practice for Corporate Governance as of October 30, 2014 comprises 15 points. The complete version of the Corporate Governance report is available on the Company's webpage www.panoroenergy.com.

2.BUSINESS

Panoro Energy ASA is an international independent oil & gas company with a primary office in London and listing in Oslo, Norway. The Company is focussed on Its high quality exploration and development assets in West Africa, namely Dussafu license offshore southern Gabon, and OML 113 offshore western Nigeria. Both licences have existing discoveries and an oil field development is underway at OML-113 in Nigeria. Panoro Energy was formed through the merger of Norse Energy's former Brazilian business and Pan-Petroleum on June 29, 2010. The Company is listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange with ticker PEN.

The Company's business is defined in the Articles of Association §2, which states:

"The Company's business shall consist of exploration, production, transportation and marketing of oil and natural gas and exploration and/or development of other energy forms, sale of energy as well as other related activities. The business might also involve participation in other similar activities through contribution of equity, loans and/or guarantees".

Panoro Energy currently has only one reportable segment with exploration and production of oil and gas, by geographic West Africa. In 2014, Panoro Energy has exited Brazil completely and all activities in relation to Brazil are reported as discontinued operations. In West Africa, the Company participates in a number of licenses in Nigeria and Gabon.

Vision statement

Our vision is to use our experience and competence in enhancing value in projects in the West Africa basin to the benefit of the countries we operate in and the shareholders of the Company.

3.EQUITY AND DIVIDENDS

Panoro Energy's Board of Directors will ensure that the Company at all times has an equity capital at a level appropriate to its objectives, strategy and risk profile. The oil and gas E&P business is highly capital dependent, requiring Panoro Energy to be sufficiently capitalized. The Board needs to be proactive in order for Panoro Energy to be prepared for changes in the market.

Mandates granted to the Board to increase the Company's share capital are restricted to defined purposes.

Mandates granted to the Board for issue of shares for different purposes will each be considered separately by the General Meeting. Mandates granted to the Board are limited in time to the following year's Annual General Meeting.

Panoro Energy is in a phase where investments in the Company's operations are required to enable future growth, and is therefore not in a position to distribute dividends. Payment of dividends will be considered in the future, based on the Company's capital structure and dividend capacity as well as the availability of alternative investments.

4.EQUAL TREATMENT OF SHAREHOLDERS AND TRANSACTIONS WITH CLOSE ASSOCIATES

Panoro Energy has one class of shares representing one vote at the Annual General Meeting. The Articles of Association contains no restriction regarding the right to vote.

Any acquisition of own shares will be at market price, and the Company will not deviate from the principle of equal treatment of all shareholders. Any decision to deviate from the principle of equal treatment by waiving the pre-emption rights of existing shareholders to subscribe for shares in the event of an increase in share capital will be justified. Such deviation will be made only if in the common interest of the shareholders and the Company.

The Board has at the AGM in 2014 been granted a power of attorney by the General Meeting to acquire 10% the Company's own shares. The power of attorney is valid for one year from the date of AGM. If the Board of Directors resolves to carry out an increase in share capital on the basis of a mandate granted to the Board, the justification for waiving pre-emption rights of existing shareholders will be disclosed in the stock exchange announcement of the increase in share capital.

In the event that the Company carries out any transactions in its own shares, these will be carried out through a regulated marketplace at market price. If there is limited liquidity in the Company's shares at the time of such transaction, the Company will consider other ways to ensure equal treatment of all shareholders.

All Board members, employees of the Company and close associates must clear transactions in the Company's shares or other financial instruments related to the Company prior to any transaction. All transactions between the Company and shareholders, shareholder's parent company, members of the Board of Directors, executive personnel or close associates of any such parties, are governed by the Code of Practice and the rules of the Oslo Stock Exchange in addition to statutory law. Any transaction with close associates will be evaluated by an independent third party, unless the transaction requires the approval of the General Meeting pursuant to the requirements of the Norwegian Public Limited Liabilities Companies Act. Independent valuations will also be arranged in respect of transactions between companies in the same Group where any of the companies involved have minority shareholders. Any transactions with related parties, primary insiders or employees shall be made in accordance with Panoro Energy's own instructions for Insider Trading.

The Company has guidelines to ensure that members of the Board and executive personnel notify the Board if they have any material direct or indirect interest in any transaction entered into by the Company.

5. FREELY NEGOTIABLE SHARES

The Panoro Energy ASA share is listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange. There are no restrictions on negotiability in Panoro Energy's Articles of association.

6. GENERAL MEETINGS

Panoro Energy's Annual General Meeting will be held by the end of June each year. The Board of Directors take the following necessary steps to ensure that as many shareholders as possible may exercise their rights by participating in General Meetings of the Company, and to ensure that General Meetings are an effective forum for the views of shareholders and the Board. An invitation and agenda (including proxy) will be sent out 21 days prior to the meeting to all shareholders in the Company. The invitation will also be distributed as a stock exchange notification. The invitation and support information on the resolutions to be considered at the General Meeting will furthermore be posted on the Company's website www.panoroenergy.com no later than 21 days prior to the date of the General Meeting.

The recommendation of the Nomination Committee will normally be available on the Company's website at the same time as the notice.

Panoro Energy will ensure that the resolutions and supporting information distributed are sufficiently detailed and comprehensive to allow shareholders to form a view on all matters to be considered at the meeting.

According to Article 7 of the Company's Articles of Association, registrations for the Company's General Meetings must be received at least five calendar days before the meeting is held.

The Chairman of the Board and the CEO of the Company are normally present at the General Meetings. Other Board members and the Company's auditor will aim to be present at the General Meetings. Members of the Nomination Committee are requested to be present at the AGM of the Company. An independent chairman for the General Meeting will, to the extent possible, be appointed. Normally the General Meetings will be chaired by the Company's corporate lawyer. Shareholders who are unable to attend in person will be given the opportunity to vote. The Company will nominate a person who will be available to vote on behalf of shareholders as their proxy. Information on the procedure for representation at the meeting through proxy will be set out in the notice for the General Meeting. A form for the appointment of a proxy, which allows separate voting instructions for each matter to be considered by the meeting and for each of the candidates nominated for elections will be prepared. Dividend, remuneration to the Board and the election of the auditor, will be decided at the AGM. After the meeting, the minutes are released on the Company's website.

No deviations from the Code of Practice, save that the recommendations of the Nomination Committee for the 2014 EGM on October 14, 2014 was made available on the Company's website later than the notice to the meetings.

7. NOMINATION COMMITTEE

The Company shall have a Nomination Committee consisting of 2 to 3 members to be elected by the Annual General Meeting for a two year period. The AGM elects the members and the Chairperson of the Nomination Committee and determines the committee's remuneration. The Company will provide information on the membership of the Nomination Committee on its website. The Company will further give notice on its website, in good time, of any deadlines for submitting proposals for candidates for election to the Board of Directors and the Nomination Committee.

The Company aims at selecting the members of the Nomination Committee taking into account the interests of shareholders in general. The majority of the Nomination Committee shall as a rule be independent of the Board and the executive management. The Nomination Committee currently consists of three members, whereof all members are independent of the Board and the executive management.

The Nomination Committee's duties are to propose to the General Meeting shareholder elected candidates for election to the Board, and to propose remuneration to the Board. The Nomination Committee justifies its recommendations and the recommendations take into account the interests of shareholders in general and the Company's requirements in respect of independence, expertise, capacity and diversity.

The AGM will stipulate guidelines for the duties of the Nomination Committee.

  1. CORPORATE ASSEMBLY AND BOARD OF DIRECTORS – COM-POSITION AND INDEPENDENCE

The composition of the Board ensures that the Board represents the common interests of all shareholders and meets the Company's need for expertise, capacity and diversity. The members of the Board represent a wide range of experience including shipping, offshore, energy, banking and investment. The composition of the Board ensures that it can operate independently of any special interests. Members of the Board are elected for a period of two years. Recruitment of members of the Board will be phased so that the entire Board is not replaced at the same time. The Chairman of the Board of Directors is elected by the General Meeting. The Company has not experienced a need for a permanent deputy Chairman. If the Chairman cannot participate in the Board meetings, the Board will elect a deputy Chairman on an ad-hoc basis. The Company's website and annual report provides detailed information about the Board members expertise and independence. The Company has a policy whereby the members of the Board of Directors are encouraged to own shares in the Company, but to dissuade from a short-term approach which is not in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders over the longer term.

9. THE WORK OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS

The Board has the overall responsibility for the management and supervision of the activities in general. The Board decides the strategy of the Company and has the final say in new projects and/or investments. The Board's instructions for its own work as well as for the executive management have particular emphasis on clear internal allocation of responsibilities and duties. The Chairman of the Board ensures that the Board's duties are undertaken in efficient and correct manner. The Board shall stay informed of the Company's financial position and ensure adequate control of activities, accounts and asset management. The Board member's experience and skills are crucial to the Company both from a financial as well as an operational perspective. The Board of Directors evaluates its performance and expertise annually. The CEO is responsible for the Company's daily operations and ensures that all necessary information is presented to the Board.

An annual schedule for the Board meetings is prepared and discussed together with a yearly plan for the work of the Board.

Should the Board need to address matters of a material character in which the Chairman is or has been personally involved, the matter will be chaired by another member of the Board to ensure a more independent consideration.

In addition to the Nomination Committee elected by the General Meeting, the Board has an Audit Committee and a Remuneration Committee as sub-committees of the Board. The members are independent of the executive management.

10. RISK MANAGEMENT AND INTERNAL CONTROL

Financial and internal control, as well as short- and long term strategic planning and business development, all according to Panoro Energy's business idea and vision and applicable laws and regulations, are the Board's responsibilities and the essence of its work. This emphasizes the focus on ensuring proper financial and internal control, including risk control systems.

The Board approves the Company's strategy and level of acceptable risk, as documented in the guiding tool "Risk Management".

The Board carries out an annual review of the Company's most important areas of exposure to risk and its internal control arrangements.

For further details on the use of financial instruments, refer to relevant note in the consolidated financial statements in the Annual Report and the Company's guiding tool "Financial Risk Management" described in relevant note in the consolidated financial statements in the Annual Report.

11. REMUNERATION OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS

The remuneration to the Board will be decided at the Annual General Meeting each year.

Panoro Energy is a diversified company, and the remuneration will reflect the Board's responsibility, expertise, the complexity and scope of work as well as time commitment.

The remuneration to the Board is not linked to the Company's performance, and share options will normally not be granted to Board members. Remuneration in addition to normal director's fee will be specifically identified in the Annual Report.

Members of the Board generally do not take on specific assignments for the Company in addition to their appointment as a member of the Board.

12. REMUNERATION OF THE EXECUTIVE PERSONNEL

The Board has established guidelines for the remuneration of the executive personnel. The guidelines set out the main principles applied in determining the salary and other remuneration of the executive personnel. The guidelines ensure convergence of the financial interests of the executive personnel and the shareholders.

Panoro Energy has appointed a Remuneration Committee (RC) which meets regularly. The objective of the committee is to determine the compensation structure and remuneration level of the Company's CEO. Remuneration to the CEO shall be at market terms and decided by the Board and made official at the AGM every year. Remuneration to other key executives shall be proposed by the CEO to the RC.

The remuneration shall, both with respect to the chosen kind of remuneration and the amount, encourage addition of values to the Company and contribute to the Company's common interests – both for management as well as the owners.

Detailed information about options and remuneration for executive personnel and Board members is provided in the Annual Report. The guidelines are presented to the AGM as an attachment to the AGM notice.

13. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION

The Company has established guidelines for the Company's reporting of financial and other information available on the Company's website.

The Company publishes an annual financial calendar including the dates the Company plans to publish the quarterly results and the date for the Annual General Meeting. The calendar can be found on the Company's website, and will also be distributed as a stock exchange notification and updated on Oslo Stock Exchange's website. The calendar is published at the end of a fiscal year, according to the continuing obligations for companies listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange. The calendar is also included in the Company's quarterly financial reports.

All shareholders information is published simultaneously on the Company's web site and to appropriate financial news media.

Panoro Energy normally makes four quarterly presentations a year to shareholders, potential investors and analysts in connection with quarterly earnings reports. The quarterly presentations are held through audio conference calls to facilitate participation by all interested shareholders, analysts, potential investors and members of the financial community. A question and answer session is held at the end of each presentation to allow management to answer the questions of attendees. A recording of the conference call presentation is retained on the Company's website www.panoroenergy.com for a limited number of days.

The Company also makes investor presentations at conferences in and out of Norway. The information packages presented at such meetings are published simultaneously on the Company's web site.

The Chairman, CEO and CFO of Panoro Energy are the only people who are authorized to speak to, or be in contact with the press, unless otherwise described or approved by the Chairman, CEO and/or CFO.

14. TAKEOVERS

Panoro Energy has established guiding principles for how the Board of Directors will act in the event of a take-over bid.

As of today the Board does not hold any authorizations as set forth in Section 6-17 of the Securities Trading Act, to effectuate defence measures if a takeover bid is launched on Panoro Energy.

The Board may be authorized by the General Meeting to acquire its own shares, but will not be able to utilize this in order to obstruct a takeover bid, unless approved by the General Meeting following the announcement of a takeover bid.

The Board of Directors will generally not hinder or obstruct takeover bids for the Company's activities or shares.

As a rule the Company will not enter into agreements that act to limit the Company's ability to arrange other bids for the Company's shares unless it is clear that such an agreement is in the common interest of the Company and its shareholders. As a starting point the same applies to any agreement on the payment of financial compensation to the bidder if the bid does not proceed. Any financial compensation will as a rule be limited to the costs the bidder has incurred in making the bid. The Company will generally seek to disclose agreements entered into with the bidder that are material to the market's evaluation of the bid no later than at the same time as the announcement that the bid will be made is published.

In the event of a take-over bid for the Company's shares, the Board of Directors will not exercise mandates or pass any resolutions with the intention of obstructing the take-over bid unless this is approved by the General Meeting following announcement of the bid.

If an offer is made for the Company's shares, the Board will issue a statement evaluating the offer and making a recommendation as to whether shareholders should or should not accept the offer. The Board will also arrange a valuation with an explanation from an independent expert. The valuation will be made public no later than at the time of the public disclosure of the Board's statement. Any transactions that are in effect a disposal of the Company's activities will be decided by a General Meeting.

15. AUDITOR

The Auditor will be appointed at the General Meeting every year. Ernst & Young has previously been appointed.

The Board has appointed an Audit Committee as a sub-committee of the Board, which will meet with the auditor regularly. The objective of the committee is to focus on internal control, independence of the auditor, risk management and the Company's financial standing.

The auditors will send a complete Management Letter/Report to the Board – which is a summary report with comments from the auditors including suggestions of any improvements if needed. The auditor participates in meetings of the Board of Directors that deal with the annual accounts, where the auditor reviews any material changes in the Company's accounting principles, comments on any material estimated accounting figures and reports all material matters on which there has been disagreement between the auditor and the executive management of the Company.

In view of the auditor's independence of the Company's executive management, the auditor is also present in at least one Board meeting each year at which neither the CEO nor other members of the executive management are present.

Panoro Energy places importance on independence and has established guidelines in respect of retaining the Company's external auditor by the Company's executive management for services other than the audit.

The Board reports the remuneration paid to the auditor at the Annual General Meeting, including details of the fee paid for audit work and any fees paid for other specific assignments.

REPORTING OF PAYMENTS TO GOVERNMENTS

This report is prepared in accordance with the Norwegian Accounting Act § 3-3d), which is a new requirement applicable from the fiscal year 2014. It states that the companies engaged in the activities within the extractive industries shall annually prepare and publish a report containing information about their payments to governments at country and project level. The Ministry of Finance has issued a regulation (F20.12.2013 nr 1682 - "the regulation") stipulating that the reporting obligation only apply to reporting entities above a certain size and to payments above certain threshold amounts. In addition, the regulation stipulates that the report shall include other information than payments to governments, and provides more detailed rules with regard to definitions, publication and group reporting.

This report contains information for the activity in the whole fiscal year 2014 for Panoro Energy ASA.

The management of Panoro has applied judgement in interpretation of the wording in the regulation with regard to the specific type of payments to be included in this report, and on what level it should be reported. When payments are required to be reported on a project-by-project basis, it is reported on a field-by-field basis. Per management's interpretation of the regulation, reporting requirements only stipulate disclosure of gross amounts on operated licences as all payments within the license performed by Non-operators, normally will be cash calls transferred to the operator and will as such not be payments to government.

Although Panoro Energy, through its subsidiaries, has ownership interest in two licences in West Africa, namely Dussafu license offshore Gabon and OML-113 offshore Nigeria; both of the licenses are non-operated and as such only cash calls are disbursed to operating partners and therefore none of the payments during 2014 can be construed as payments to governments under the regulation. Furthermore, the Company or its subsidiaries have not made any direct payments in relating to the non-operated assets to the respective governments of Gabon and Nigeria.

1. ABOUT PANORO

Panoro Energy ASA is an international independent E&P company listed on Oslo Stock Exchange with ticker PEN with a primary office in London. The company is focused on its high quality exploration and development assets in West Africa, namely the Dussafu License offshore southern Gabon, and OML113 offshore western Nigeria. Both assets have existing discoveries and the development of Aje field's cenomanian oil production facility is underway with the first oil target of late 2015.

Panoro's main purpose is to capitalize on the value of its assets. However, the Company acknowledges its responsibility for the methods by which this is achieved. The principles set out below seek to ensure that Panoro operates in a socially and environmentally responsible manner, encouraging a positive impact through its activities and those of its partners and other stakeholders.

2. MESSAGE FROM THE CEO

The world's need for energy creates challenges and is pushing us to explore in new areas. This also creates dilemmas, as we face both geographical and political challenges in our work.

Being a commercial entity, Panoro is focused on maximizing its assets, and thus shareholder value. Nevertheless, we are mindful of the impact of our activities to achieve this goal; we are firmly committed to embracing our social and environmental responsibility, and to honouring the letter and the spirit of the UN Global Compact principles. We believe that this is the right approach for all our stakeholders, including the host countries, the local communities, our shareholders and business partners.

We are committed to ensuring that our presence has a positive impact wherever we work and invest. We have therefore adopted this Ethical Code of Conduct ("ECOC") in March 2011.

3. FRAMEWORK AND SCOPE OF THE ETHICAL CODE OF CONDUCT OF PANORO

3.1 Panoro as a company, as well as its individual employees, will commit to follow this ECOC.

3.2 Equally, we will work through our stakeholders and partners to ensure that we adhere to the values expressed in the ECOC.

3.3 Finally, the ECOC is based on the ten principles expressed in the UN Global Compact.

4. THE UN GLOBAL COMPACT PRINCIPLES

The UN Global Compact's ten principles in the areas of human rights, labour, the environment and anti-corruption enjoy universal consensus and are derived from:

  • The Universal Declaration of Human Rights
  • The International Labour Organization's Declaration
  • on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work
  • The Rio Declaration on Environment and Development • The United Nations Convention Against Corruption

The UN Global Compact asks companies to embrace, support and enact, within their sphere of influence, a set of core values in the areas of human rights, labour standards, the environment and anti-corruption:

Human Rights

• Principle 1: Businesses should support and respect the protection of internationally proclaimed human rights; and

• Principle 2: make sure that they are not complicit in human rights abuses

Labour

  • Principle 3: Businesses should uphold the freedom of association and the effective recognition of the right to collective bargaining;
  • Principle 4: the elimination of all forms of forced and co pulsory labour;
  • Principle 5: the effective abolition of child labour; and
  • Principle 6: the elimination of discrimination in respect of employment and occupation

Environment

  • Principle 7: Businesses should support a precautionary approach to environmental challenges;
  • Principle 8: undertake initiatives to promote greater en vironmental responsibility; and
  • Principle 9: encourage the development and diffusion of environmentally friendly technologies

Anti-Corruption

• Principle 10: Businesses should work against corruption in all its forms, including extortion and bribery

5. HOST COUNTRIES AND LOCAL COMMUNITIES

In addition to these principles, Panoro is concerned with the responsibility of the Company and its operations to the host country and the local community. Wherever Panoro operates, the Company will be committed to:

  • observe local laws and rules
  • respect the sovereignty of the state
  • observe and, through our example and that of our
  • stakeholders, promote the rule of law
  • encourage the employment of local staff
  • engage in capacity building, through the transfer of skills and technologies

• work with local communities by contributing to im prove their health, education and welfare

  • respect indigenous people and their traditions
  • minimize disturbances that may be caused by our op erations • be mindful of the impact of our security arrangments on
  • local communities • refrain from any involvement in tribal or internal armed conflicts or acts of violence

6. STAKEHOLDERS

The stakeholders of Panoro are defined as entities that are influenced by, or have influence on, the development of Panoro's assets. Panoro aims to commit to its ethical principles by working through its stakeholders, as well as monitoring how those stakeholders view Panoro's implementation of its ECOC.

Stakeholder Influence Implementation of ECOC
Employees Panoro recognizes its influence and its re
sponsibility to its employees, as well as to their
close surroundings. Equally, the Company
recognizes the importance of attracting and
retaining talent in order to fulfil its business
and ethical goals.
Panoro will consistently train its employees to adhere to com
pany standards and procedures. Each employee is expected
to learn about and undertake training on the ECOC on a
regular basis.
Partners Panoro operates and maximises the value
of its assets mainly in partnership with other
entities.
Through partnership agreements, as well as through formal and
informal communication, Panoro will seek to use its influence to
implement its ECOC throughout its joint operations.
Operators The operators are the entities that conduct
the actual operation of the assets.
Through joint operation agreements, as well as through formal
and informal communications, Panoro will seek to maintain the
highest ethical standards in all operations; focusing on HS&Q,
environment and all other principles listed above in sections 4
and 5.
Shareholders The Panoro shareholders, including potential
shareholders.
Panoro will seek to minimize shareholder risk and maximize
value creation by adhering to the highest ethical standards in
terms of environment, legal and other risks based on the above
principles. Panoro follows a strict code of governance based
on international law and business practice.
Local Community The communities in which the Panoro assets
are placed include national authorities and
different government bodies, as well as local
unions, tribes and other community mem
bers.
Each asset has formal meeting points and communication lines
set up within its operational structure. Panoro will seek to use
these to address issues of interest based on the ECOC, includ
ing corruption, HS&Q and any other issues listed above.

GLOSSARY AND DEFINITIONS

Bbl One barrel of oil, equal to 42 US gallons or 159 liters Bm3 Billion cubic meters BoE Barrel of oil equivalent Btu British Thermal Units, the energy content needed to heat one pint of water by degee Fahrenheit M3 Cubic meters MMbbls Million barrels of oil MMBOE Milllion barrels of oil equivalents MMBtu Million British thermal units MMm3 Million cubic meters

Conversion Factors

Natural gas and LNG To billion cubic
metres NG
Billion cubic
feet NG
Million tonnes
oils equivalent
Million tonnes
LNG
Trillion British
thermal units
Million barrels
oil equivalent
From Multiply by
1 billion cubic metres NG 1.00 35.30 0.90 0.73 36.00 6.29
1 billion cubic feet NG 0.028 1.00 0.026 0.021 1.03 0.18
1 million tonnes oil equivalent 1.111 39.20 1.00 0.805 40.40 7.33
1 million tonnes LNG 1.38 48.70 1.23 1.00 52.00 8.68
1 trillion British thermal units 0.028 0.98 0.025 0.02 1.00 0.17
1 million barrels oil equivalent 0.16 5.61 0.14 0.12 5.80 1.00

COMPANY ADDRESSES

Panoro Energy ASA P.O. Box 1885 Vika, 0124 Oslo, Norway

Panoro Energy Ltd 43-45 Portman Square London W1H 6LY United Kingdom

Tel: +44 (0) 20 3405 1060 Fax: +44 (0) 20 3004 1130

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