ORIX CORP

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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 6-K

REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER

PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-16 OR 15d-16 OF

THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the month of November 2025.

Commission File Number: 001-14856

ORIX Corporation

(Translation of Registrant’s Name into English)

World Trade Center Bldg., SOUTH TOWER, 2-4-1 Hamamatsu-cho, Minato-ku,

Tokyo, JAPAN

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

(Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F.)

Form 20-F ☒ Form 40-F ☐

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Table of Document(s) Submitted

This is an English translation of ORIX Corporation ’ s semi-annual financial report ( hanki houkokusho ) as filed with the Kanto Financial Bureau in Japan on November 13, 2025, which includes unaudited consolidated financial information prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025 and for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025.

Exhibit 101.INS	Inline XBRL Instance Document—the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
Exhibit 101.SCH	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema With Embedded Linkbase Documents.
Exhibit 104	Cover Page formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

/s/ YASUAKI MIKAMI
Yasuaki Mikami
Member of the Board of Directors Senior Managing Executive Officer Responsible for Corporate Function Unit Responsible for Work Style Reform Project
ORIX Corporation

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CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Notes to Translation

The following is an English translation of ORIX Corporation ’ s semi-annual financial report ( hanki houkokusho ) as filed with the Kanto Financial Bureau in Japan on November 13, 2025, which includes unaudited consolidated financial information prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025 and for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025.
Significant differences between U.S. GAAP and generally accepted accounting principles in Japan (“Japanese GAAP”) are stated in Note 1 “Overview of Accounting Principles Utilized” of the notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

In preparing its consolidated financial information, ORIX Corporation (the “Company”) and its subsidiaries have complied with U.S. GAAP.

This document may contain forward-looking statements about expected future events and financial results that involve risks and uncertainties. Such statements are based on the Company’s current expectations and are subject to uncertainties and risks that could cause actual results to differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause such a difference include, but are not limited to, those described under “Risk Factors” in the Company’s most recent annual report on Form 20-F filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

The Company believes that it may have been a “passive foreign investment company” for U.S. federal income tax purposes in the year to which these consolidated financial results relate by reason of the composition of its assets and the nature of its income. In addition, the Company may be a PFIC for the foreseeable future. Assuming that the Company is a PFIC, a U.S. holder of the shares or American depositary shares of the Company will be subject to special rules generally intended to eliminate any benefits from the deferral of U.S. federal income tax that a holder could derive from investing in a foreign corporation that does not distribute all of its earnings on a current basis. Investors should consult their tax advisors with respect to such rules, which are summarized in the Company’s annual report.

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Information on the Company and its Subsidiaries

(1) Consolidated Financial Highlights

	Millions of yen (except for per share amounts and ratios)
	Six months ended September 30, 2024		Six months ended September 30, 2025		Fiscal year ended March 31, 2025
Total revenues	¥	1,403,633	¥	1,564,497	¥	2,874,821
Income before income taxes		256,991		391,482		480,463
Net income attributable to ORIX Corporation shareholders		182,946		271,096		351,630
Comprehensive Income attributable to ORIX Corporation shareholders		59,896		488,394		335,644
ORIX Corporation shareholders’ equity		3,902,197		4,441,677		4,089,782
Total assets		16,339,977		17,604,283		16,866,251
Earnings per share for net income attributable to ORIX Corporation shareholders
Basic (yen)		159.42		240.42		307.74
Diluted (yen)		159.15		239.91		307.16
ORIX Corporation shareholders’ equity ratio (%)		23.9		25.2		24.2
Cash flows from operating activities		600,040		608,013		1,300,193
Cash flows from investing activities		(602,448	)	(791,090	)	(1,309,695	)
Cash flows from financing activities		130,462		246,616		149,322
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash at end of Period		1,303,620		1,395,723		1,321,983

(2) Overview of Activities

During the six months ended September 30, 2025, no significant changes were made in the Company and its subsidiaries’ operations. Additionally, there were no changes of principal subsidiaries and affiliates.

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Risk Factors

Investing in the Company’s securities involves risks. You should carefully consider the information described herein as well as the risks described under “Risk Factors” in our Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025 and the other information in that annual report, including, but not limited to, the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related notes and “Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.” The Company’s business activities, financial condition and results of operations and the trading prices of the Company’s securities could be adversely affected by any of the factors or other factors.

Analysis of Financial Results and Condition

The following discussion provides management’s explanation of factors and events that have significantly affected the Company’s financial condition and results of operations for the six months ended September 30, 2025. Also included is management’s assessment of factors and trends that could have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition and results of operations in the future. However, please be advised that financial conditions and results of operations in the future may also be affected by factors other than those discussed herein. These factors and trends regarding the future were assessed as of the issue date of this semi-annual financial report (hanki houkokusho) .

(1) Qualitative Information Regarding Consolidated Financial Results

Financial Highlights

Financial Results for the Six Months Ended September 30, 2025

Total revenues	¥1,564,497 million (Up 11% year on year)
Total expenses	¥1,321,619 million (Up 10% year on year)
Income before income taxes	¥391,482 million (Up 52% year on year)
Net income attributable to ORIX Corporation Shareholders	¥271,096 million (Up 48% year on year)
Earnings per share for net income attributable to ORIX Corporation Shareholders
(Basic)	¥240.42 (Up 51% year on year)
(Diluted)	¥239.91 (Up 51% year on year)
ROE (Annualized) *1	12.7% (9.3% during the same period in the previous fiscal year)
ROA (Annualized) *2	3.15% (2.24% during the same period in the previous fiscal year)

*1 ROE is the ratio of net income attributable to ORIX Corporation Shareholders for the period to average ORIX Corporation Shareholders’ Equity.

*2 ROA is the ratio of net income attributable to ORIX Corporation Shareholders for the period to average Total Assets.

Total revenues for the six months ended September 30, 2025 increased 11% to ¥1,564,497 million compared to ¥1,403,633 million during the same period of the previous fiscal year primarily due to gains on investment securities and dividends, including the recognition of a gain of ¥11,840 million related to the transfer of shares of Greenko Energy Holdings, as well as increases in life insurance premiums, related investment income, and service income.

Total expenses increased 10% to ¥1,321,619 million compared to ¥1,206,661 million during the same period of the previous fiscal year primarily due to increases in life insurance costs and selling, general and administrative expenses, offset by decreases in other (income) and expenses.

Equity in net income of equity method investments increased by ¥21,890 million to ¥50,406 million compared to the same period of the previous fiscal year, and gains on sales of subsidiaries and equity method investments and liquidation losses, net increased by ¥66,695 million to ¥98,198 million compared to the same period of the previous fiscal year, mainly due to the recognition of a gain of ¥83,135 million from the transfer of shares of Greenko Energy Holdings.

Due to the above results, income before income taxes for the six months ended September 30, 2025 increased 52% to ¥391,482 million compared to ¥256,991 million during the same period of the previous fiscal year and net income attributable to ORIX Corporation shareholders increased 48% to ¥271,096 million compared to ¥182,946 million during the same period of the previous fiscal year.

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Segment Information

Our operating segments, used by the chief operating decision maker to make decisions about resource allocations and assess performance, are organized into ten segments based on our business management organization which is classified by the nature of major products and services, customer base, regulations, and business areas. The ten segments are Corporate Financial Services and Maintenance Leasing, Real Estate, PE Investment and Concession, Environment and Energy, Insurance, Banking and Credit, Aircraft and Ships, ORIX USA, ORIX Europe, and Asia and Australia.

Total revenues and profits by segment for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025 are as follows:

	Millions of yen
	Six months ended September 30, 2024				Six months ended September 30, 2025				Change (revenues)				Change (profits)
	Segment Revenues		Segment Profits		Segment Revenues		Segment Profits		Amount		Percent (%)		Amount		Percent (%)
Corporate Financial Services and Maintenance Leasing	¥	228,804	¥	45,566	¥	244,604	¥	58,640	¥	15,800		7	¥	13,074		29
Real Estate		260,179		50,357		273,854		49,094		13,675		5		(1,263	)	(3	)
PE Investment and Concession		181,026		46,997		197,495		56,657		16,469		9		9,660		21
Environment and Energy		88,962		2,346		114,741		119,685		25,779		29		117,339		—
Insurance		235,172		40,857		301,019		50,856		65,847		28		9,999		24
Banking and Credit		30,450		13,107		36,903		12,529		6,453		21		(578	)	(4	)
Aircraft and Ships		51,302		32,011		55,936		21,952		4,634		9		(10,059	)	(31	)
ORIX USA		75,665		16,607		84,672		(1,803	)	9,007		12		(18,410	)	—
ORIX Europe		126,677		20,797		133,885		22,079		7,208		6		1,282		6
Asia and Australia		117,610		19,124		114,683		19,693		(2,927	)	(2	)	569		3
Total		1,395,847		287,769		1,557,792		409,382		161,945		12		121,613		42
Difference between Segment Total and Consolidated Amounts		7,786		(30,778	)	6,705		(17,900	)	(1,081	)	(14	)	12,878		—
Total Consolidated Amounts	¥	1,403,633	¥	256,991	¥	1,564,497	¥	391,482	¥	160,864		11	¥	134,491		52

Total assets by segment as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025 are as follows:

	Millions of yen
	March 31, 2025			September 30, 2025			Change
	Segment Assets	Composition Ratio (%)		Segment Assets	Composition Ratio (%)		Amount		Percent (%)
Corporate Financial Services and Maintenance Leasing	¥	1,884,565	11	¥	1,855,316	10	¥	(29,249	)	(2	)
Real Estate		1,158,293	7		1,160,346	7		2,053		0
PE Investment and Concession		1,022,944	6		1,054,794	6		31,850		3
Environment and Energy		1,016,175	6		977,372	6		(38,803	)	(4	)
Insurance		3,009,234	18		3,140,645	18		131,411		4
Banking and Credit		3,144,571	19		3,253,617	18		109,046		3
Aircraft and Ships		1,231,973	7		1,256,054	7		24,081		2
ORIX USA		1,593,939	10		1,917,168	11		323,229		20
ORIX Europe		669,306	4		719,789	4		50,483		8
Asia and Australia		1,725,627	10		1,741,117	10		15,490		1
Total		16,456,627	98		17,076,218	97		619,591		4
Difference between Segment Total and Consolidated Amounts		409,624	2		528,065	3		118,441		29
Total Consolidated Amounts	¥	16,866,251	100	¥	17,604,283	100	¥	738,032		4

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Segment information for the six months ended September 30, 2025 is as follows:

Corporate Financial Services and Maintenance Leasing : Finance and fee business; leasing and rental of automobiles, electronic measuring instruments and ICT-related equipment

In corporate financial services, we are engaged in financial businesses with a focus on profitability, and fee businesses by providing life insurance and real estate brokerage products and services to domestic small and medium-sized enterprise customers, as well as business succession support and M&A broking. In the automobile-related businesses, we possess an industry-leading number of fleets and provide one-stop access to a full range of automobile services. In the rental business operated by ORIX Rentec Corporation, we are not only providing electronic measuring instruments and ICT-related equipment lending, but we are also developing new services relating to robots, 3D printing, etc.

Segment profits increased 29% to ¥58,640 million compared to the same period of the previous fiscal year primarily due to increases in operating leases revenues, finance revenues, equity in net income (loss) of equity method investment, and gains on sales of subsidiaries and equity method investments.

Segment assets decreased 2% to ¥1,855,316 million compared to the end of the previous fiscal year primarily due to decreases in installment loans and loans to ORIX and its subsidiaries, partially offset by an increase in investment in operating leases.

	Six months ended September 30, 2024		Six months ended September 30, 2025		Change
					Amount		Percent (%)
	(Millions of yen, except percentage data)
Segment Revenues:
Finance revenues	¥	30,890	¥	35,585	¥	4,695		15
Gains on investment securities and dividends		1,460		2,398		938		64
Operating leases		139,859		150,390		10,531		8
Sales of goods and real estate		1,812		2,020		208		11
Services income		54,783		54,211		(572	)	(1	)
Total Segment Revenues		228,804		244,604		15,800		7
Segment Expenses:
Interest expense		3,278		5,666		2,388		73
Costs of operating leases		98,878		103,609		4,731		5
Costs of goods and real estate sold		1,489		1,631		142		10
Services expense		29,522		29,578		56		0
Other (income) and expense		8,757		10,190		1,433		16
Selling, general and administrative expenses		45,051		44,986		(65	)	(0	)
Provision for credit losses, and write-downs of long-lived assets and securities		1,060		609		(451	)	(43	)
Total Segment Expenses		188,035		196,269		8,234		4
Equity in Net income (Loss) of equity method investments and others		4,797		10,305		5,508		115
Segment Profits	¥	45,566	¥	58,640	¥	13,074		29
	As of March 31, 2025		As of September 30, 2025		Change
					Amount		Percent (%)
	(Millions of yen, except percentage data)
Net investment in leases	¥	569,380	¥	569,392	¥	12		0
Installment loans		424,370		397,929		(26,441	)	(6	)
Investment in operating leases		557,625		583,204		25,579		5
Investment in securities		29,690		32,341		2,651		9
Property under facility operations		43,857		43,219		(638	)	(1	)
Inventories		433		643		210		48
Advances for finance lease and operating lease		6,177		5,242		(935	)	(15	)
Equity method investments		16,375		8,338		(8,037	)	(49	)
Advances for property under facility operations		143		19		(124	)	(87	)
Goodwill, intangible assets acquired in business combinations		25,268		24,774		(494	)	(2	)
Other assets		211,247		190,215		(21,032	)	(10	)
Total Segment Assets	¥	1,884,565	¥	1,855,316	¥	(29,249	)	(2	)

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Real Estate : Real estate development, rental and management; facility operations; real estate asset management

We are promoting portfolio rebalancing by taking advantage of favorable market conditions, while also making carefully selected investments in real estate projects based on thorough assessments of profitability and risk, in light of rising construction costs and other external factors. To stabilize our earnings base, we are developing businesses that are less susceptible to real estate market fluctuations, such as asset management, housing-related businesses focused on residential condominium development, and the operation of hotels and Japanese inns. From an operational perspective, we are working to strengthen the entire value chain by improving efficiency and service quality, including the use of digital transformation.

Segment profits decreased 3% to ¥49,094 million compared to the same period of the previous fiscal year primarily due to a decrease in operating leases revenues, and increases in selling, general and administrative expenses and costs of goods and real estate sold, partially offset by an increase in services income.

Segment assets totaled ¥1,160,346 million, remaining relatively unchanged compared to the end of the previous fiscal year primarily due to decreases in trade notes, accounts and other receivable and property under facility operations, partially offset by increases in equity method investments, inventories, and investment in operating leases.

	Six months ended September 30, 2024
					Amount		Percent (%)
	(Millions of yen, except percentage data)
Segment Revenues:
Finance revenues	¥	2,467	¥	2,439	¥	(28	)	(1	)
Gains on investment securities and dividends		845		1,103		258		31
Operating leases		37,842		25,700		(12,142	)	(32	)
Sales of goods and real estate		61,793		64,965		3,172		5
Services income		157,232		179,647		22,415		14
Total Segment Revenues		260,179		273,854		13,675		5
Segment Expenses:
Interest expense		1,172		2,566		1,394		119
Costs of operating leases		11,941		12,224		283		2
Costs of goods and real estate sold		49,789		54,982		5,193		10
Services expense		125,059		133,414		8,355		7
Other (income) and expense		703		(3,014	)	(3,717	)	—
Selling, general and administrative expenses		20,873		22,995		2,122		10
Provision for credit losses, and write-downs of long-lived assets and securities		60		138		78		130
Total Segment Expenses		209,597		223,305		13,708		7
Equity in Net income (Loss) of equity method investments and others		(225	)	(1,455	)	(1,230	)	—
Segment Profits	¥	50,357	¥	49,094	¥	(1,263	)	(3	)
	As of March 31, 2025		As of September 30, 2025		Change
					Amount		Percent (%)
	(Millions of yen, except percentage data)
Net investment in leases	¥	45,810	¥	42,489	¥	(3,321	)	(7	)
Installment loans		30		21		(9	)	(30	)
Investment in operating leases		311,377		329,729		18,352		6
Investment in securities		6,209		10,042		3,833		62
Property under facility operations		175,153		158,463		(16,690	)	(10	)
Inventories		182,652		192,716		10,064		6
Advances for finance lease and operating lease		78,044		66,865		(11,179	)	(14	)
Equity method investments		177,956		206,442		28,486		16
Advances for property under facility operations		7,401		7,578		177		2
Goodwill, intangible assets acquired in business combinations		50,801		49,752		(1,049	)	(2	)
Other assets		122,860		96,249		(26,611	)	(22	)
Total Segment Assets	¥	1,158,293	¥	1,160,346	¥	2,053		0

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PE Investment and Concession : Private equity investment and concession

In the private equity business, we aim to enhance the corporate value of investees and to earn sustainable gains on sales through rebalancing our portfolio. We are expanding investments in our focus industries and, in addition to rollups starting from existing investees, we seek to capture investment opportunities arising from business succession needs due to the absence of a successor, as well as carve-outs and take-private transactions as part of corporate restructurings. We also seek diversified investment methods. In the concession business, we aim to strengthen our operations in the three airports in Kansai (Kansai International Airport, Osaka International Airport and Kobe Airport), and proactively engage in the operation of public infrastructures other than airports.

Segment profits increased 21% to ¥56,657 million compared to the same period of the previous fiscal year primarily due to increases in equity in net income (loss) of equity method investments and gains on sales of office facilities, partially offset by the absence of gains on sales of subsidiaries and equity method investments recorded in the first quarter of the previous fiscal year as a result of the sale of investees.

Segment assets increased 3% to ¥1,054,794 million compared to the end of the previous fiscal year primarily due to increases in equity method investments, property under facility operations, restricted cash, and goodwill, intangible assets acquired in business combinations, partially offset by a decrease in cash and cash equivalents.

	Six months ended September 30, 2024
					Amount		Percent (%)
	(Millions of yen, except percentage data)
Segment Revenues:
Finance revenues	¥	5,978	¥	6,433	¥	455		8
Gains on investment securities and dividends		586		475		(111	)	(19	)
Operating leases		20,605		17,492		(3,113	)	(15	)
Sales of goods and real estate		122,384		134,971		12,587		10
Services income		31,473		38,124		6,651		21
Total Segment Revenues		181,026		197,495		16,469		9
Segment Expenses:
Interest expense		1,655		2,436		781		47
Costs of operating leases		13,072		11,359		(1,713	)	(13	)
Costs of goods and real estate sold		84,951		94,912		9,961		12
Services expense		21,928		25,863		3,935		18
Other (income) and expense		(449	)	(4,027	)	(3,578	)	—
Selling, general and administrative expenses		43,194		44,318		1,124		3
Provision for credit losses, and write-downs of long-lived assets and securities		93		936		843		906
Total Segment Expenses		164,444		175,797		11,353		7
Equity in Net income (Loss) of equity method investments and others		30,415		34,959		4,544		15
Segment Profits	¥	46,997	¥	56,657	¥	9,660		21
	As of March 31, 2025		As of September 30, 2025		Change
					Amount		Percent (%)
	(Millions of yen, except percentage data)
Net investment in leases	¥	1,640	¥	1,375	¥	(265	)	(16	)
Installment loans		124,411		129,094		4,683		4
Investment in operating leases		46,796		46,504		(292	)	(1	)
Investment in securities		6,117		6,371		254		4
Property under facility operations		53,832		66,860		13,028		24
Inventories		41,021		41,897		876		2
Advances for finance lease and operating lease		3		39		36		—
Equity method investments		148,274		190,703		42,429		29
Advances for property under facility operations		728		3,383		2,655		365
Goodwill, intangible assets acquired in business combinations		331,003		337,643		6,640		2
Other assets		269,119		230,925		(38,194	)	(14	)
Total Segment Assets	¥	1,022,944	¥	1,054,794	¥	31,850		3

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Environment and Energy : Domestic and overseas renewable energy; electric power retailing; ESCO services; sales of solar panels; recycling and waste management

We aim to increase services revenue as a comprehensive energy service provider by promoting our renewable energy business and electric power retailing business. In our solar power generation business, we have owned and operated one of the largest solar power capacities in total in Japan. We intend to accelerate our renewable energy business overseas by utilizing the expertise we have gained in the domestic market. In the recycling and waste management business, we are making new investments in facilities with the aim of further expansion of business. We are accelerating the restructuring of our business portfolio through capital recycling.

Segment profits increased by ¥117,339 million to ¥119,685 million compared to the same period of the previous fiscal year primarily due to increases in gains on sales of subsidiaries and equity method investments and gains on investment securities and dividends.

Segment assets decreased 4% to ¥977,372 million compared to the end of the previous fiscal year primarily due to decreases in equity method investments and goodwill, intangible assets acquired in business combinations, partially offset by increases in investment in securities and loans to ORIX and its subsidiaries.

	Six months ended September 30, 2024
					Amount		Percent (%)
	(Millions of yen, except percentage data)
Segment Revenues:
Finance revenues	¥	616	¥	3,772	¥	3,156		512
Gains on investment securities and dividends		(8	)	20,092		20,100		—
Operating leases		39		48		9		23
Sales of goods and real estate		1,481		1,534		53		4
Services income		86,834		89,295		2,461		3
Total Segment Revenues		88,962		114,741		25,779		29
Segment Expenses:
Interest expense		6,211		6,946		735		12
Costs of operating leases		9		9		0		—
Costs of goods and real estate sold		836		1,022		186		22
Services expense		65,705		65,685		(20	)	(0	)
Other (income) and expense		562		(5,249	)	(5,811	)	—
Selling, general and administrative expenses		10,828		12,875		2,047		19
Provision for credit losses, and write-downs of long-lived assets and securities		238		335		97		41
Total Segment Expenses		84,389		81,623		(2,766	)	(3	)
Equity in Net income (Loss) of equity method investments and others		(2,227	)	86,567		88,794		—
Segment Profits	¥	2,346	¥	119,685	¥	117,339		—
	As of March 31, 2025		As of September 30, 2025		Change
					Amount		Percent (%)
	(Millions of yen, except percentage data)
Net investment in leases	¥	2,092	¥	1,838	¥	(254	)	(12	)
Installment loans		3,609		4,884		1,275		35
Investment in operating leases		237		229		(8	)	(3	)
Investment in securities		32,032		148,462		116,430		363
Property under facility operations		487,241		487,081		(160	)	(0	)
Inventories		2,551		2,330		(221	)	(9	)
Equity method investments		170,946		10,365		(160,581	)	(94	)
Advances for property under facility operations		70,081		74,608		4,527		6
Goodwill, intangible assets acquired in business combinations		120,743		112,496		(8,247	)	(7	)
Other assets		126,643		135,079		8,436		7
Total Segment Assets	¥	1,016,175	¥	977,372	¥	(38,803	)	(4	)

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Table of Contents

Insurance : Life insurance

In the life insurance business, we sell life insurance through agents, banks and other financial institutions, face-to-face sales through our own consulting services, and online sales. With a core policy in product development to promptly provide products that meet the diverse and evolving needs of our customers, we constantly expand the product lineup and aim to increase corporate value. In addition, we are improving investment returns by expanding investments in high-yield assets, including alternative assets, and by flexibly reallocating our investment portfolio.

Segment profits increased 24% to ¥50,856 million compared to the same period of the previous fiscal year primarily due to an increase in life insurance premiums and related investment income.

Segment assets increased 4% to ¥3,140,645 million compared to the end of the previous fiscal year primarily due to increases in reinsurance recoverables and investment in securities, partially offset by a decrease in cash and cash equivalents.

	Six months ended September 30, 2024
					Amount		Percent (%)
	(Millions of yen, except percentage data)
Segment Revenues:
Finance revenues	¥	159	¥	72	¥	(87	)	(55	)
Life insurance premiums and related investment income		235,014		300,947		65,933		28
Services income		(1	)	0		1		—
Total Segment Revenues		235,172		301,019		65,847		28
Segment Expenses:
Interest expense		81		259		178		220
Life insurance costs		166,834		221,076		54,242		33
Other (income) and expense		(140	)	(3	)	137		—
Selling, general and administrative expenses		27,539		28,857		1,318		5
Provision for credit losses, and write-downs of long-lived assets and securities		1		(26	)	(27	)	—
Total Segment Expenses		194,315		250,163		55,848		29
Equity in Net income (Loss) of equity method investments and others		(0	)	(0	)	(0	)	—
Segment Profits	¥	40,857	¥	50,856	¥	9,999		24
	As of March 31, 2025		As of September 30, 2025		Change
					Amount		Percent (%)
	(Millions of yen, except percentage data)
Installment loans	¥	12,805	¥	13,849	¥	1,044		8
Investment in operating leases		26,167		26,050		(117	)	(0	)
Investment in securities		2,234,453		2,296,469		62,016		3
Equity method investments		35,865		40,348		4,483		12
Goodwill, intangible assets acquired in business combinations		4,452		4,452		0		—
Other assets*		695,492		759,477		63,985		9
Total Segment Assets	¥	3,009,234	¥	3,140,645	¥	131,411		4

Other assets include reinsurance recoverables.

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Table of Contents

Banking and Credit : Banking and consumer finance

In the banking business, we aim to improve profitability by expanding the scope of our merchant banking operations in addition to the origination of real estate investment loans, which remains the core of our banking business. In the consumer finance business, we aim to enhance our personal financial services by forming joint ventures with companies that have a strong customer and business base.

Segment profits decreased 4% to ¥12,529 million compared to the same period of the previous fiscal year primarily due to a decrease in gains on investment securities and dividends and an increase in selling, general and administrative expense, partially offset by an increase in finance revenues.

Segment assets increased 3% to ¥3,253,617 million compared to the end of the previous fiscal year primarily due to increases in installment loans and cash and cash equivalents, partially offset by a decrease in investment securities.

	Six months ended September 30, 2024		Six months ended September 30, 2025
					Amount		Percent (%)
	(Millions of yen, except percentage data)
Segment Revenues:
Finance revenues	¥	28,818	¥	39,642	¥	10,824		38
Gains on investment securities and dividends		65		(3,976	)	(4,041	)	—
Services income		1,567		1,237		(330	)	(21	)
Total Segment Revenues		30,450		36,903		6,453		21
Segment Expenses:
Interest expense		2,745		8,790		6,045		220
Services expense		4,433		4,289		(144	)	(3	)
Other (income) and expense		106		13		(93	)	(88	)
Selling, general and administrative expenses		10,635		11,961		1,326		12
Provision for credit losses, and write-downs of long-lived assets and securities		308		207		(101	)	(33	)
Total Segment Expenses		18,227		25,260		7,033		39
Equity in Net income (Loss) of equity method investments and others		884		886		2		0
Segment Profits	¥	13,107	¥	12,529	¥	(578	)	(4	)
	As of March 31, 2025		As of September 30, 2025		Change
					Amount		Percent (%)
	(Millions of yen, except percentage data)
Installment loans	¥	2,511,736	¥	2,631,885	¥	120,149		5
Investment in securities		305,441		255,716		(49,725	)	(16	)
Equity method investments		43,934		43,840		(94	)	(0	)
Other assets		283,460		322,176		38,716		14
Total Segment Assets	¥	3,144,571	¥	3,253,617	¥	109,046		3

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Table of Contents

Aircraft and Ships : Aircraft investment and management; ship-related finance and investment, maritime asset management and ship brokerage

In the aircraft-related business, we are focusing on a wide range of profit opportunities, including operating leases of owned aircraft, sale of aircraft to investors, and asset management services for aircraft owned by domestic and overseas investors. We aim for medium- and long-term growth by further enhancing our presence in the global aircraft-leasing market through various initiatives, including mutually complementary relationships with Avolon. In the ship-related business, we are promoting asset replacement based on market conditions, expanding fee income by arranging investments in ships for domestic corporate investors, and pursuing business expansion in terms of scale and scope through strategic acquisitions.

Segment profits decreased 31% to ¥21,952 million compared to the same period of the previous fiscal year primarily due to an increase in costs of operating leases and a decrease in foreign exchange (gains) losses in the ship-related business, partially offset by an increase in operating leases revenues in the same business.

Segment assets increased 2% to ¥1,256,054 million compared to the end of the previous fiscal year primarily due to increases in investment in operating leases and net investment in leases in the aircraft business, partially offset by decreases in investment in operating leases and installment loans in the ship-related business.

	Six months ended September 30, 2024
					Amount		Percent (%)
	(Millions of yen, except percentage data)
Segment Revenues:
Finance revenues	¥	3,333	¥	2,020	¥	(1,313	)	(39	)
Gains on investment securities and dividends		139		251		112		81
Operating leases		41,900		44,048		2,148		5
Sales of goods and real estate		196		553		357		182
Services income		5,734		9,064		3,330		58
Total Segment Revenues		51,302		55,936		4,634		9
Segment Expenses:
Interest expense		8,563		10,189		1,626		19
Costs of operating leases		17,581		23,031		5,450		31
Costs of goods and real estate sold		199		420		221		111
Services expense		2,151		3,857		1,706		79
Other (income) and expense		(2,543	)	1,282		3,825		—
Selling, general and administrative expenses		5,004		6,657		1,653		33
Provision for credit losses, and write-downs of long-lived assets and securities		(0	)	(1	)	(1	)	—
Total Segment Expenses		30,955		45,435		14,480		47
Equity in Net income (Loss) of equity method investments and others		11,664		11,451		(213	)	(2	)
Segment Profits	¥	32,011	¥	21,952	¥	(10,059	)	(31	)
	As of March 31, 2025		As of September 30, 2025		Change
					Amount		Percent (%)
	(Millions of yen, except percentage data)
Net investment in leases	¥	0	¥	11,768	¥	11,768		—
Installment loans		36,119		25,993		(10,126	)	(28	)
Investment in operating leases		599,813		626,577		26,764		4
Investment in securities		9,387		4,506		(4,881	)	(52	)
Property under facility operations		28		26		(2	)	(7	)
Inventories		1,588		1,842		254		16
Advances for finance lease and operating lease		27,816		34,820		7,004		25
Equity method investments		402,567		402,807		240		0
Goodwill, intangible assets acquired in business combinations		43,024		50,960		7,936		18
Other assets		111,631		96,755		(14,876	)	(13	)
Total Segment Assets	¥	1,231,973	¥	1,256,054	¥	24,081		2

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ORIX USA : Finance, investment and asset management in the Americas

ORIX Corporation USA is strategically expanding its business domains and developing a diverse range of businesses, including corporate finance, bond investment, real estate finance, and private equity investment. In addition, by managing third-party off-balance sheet assets, we are working to appropriately control asset size and secure stable fee income, while aiming to improve capital efficiency and achieve sustainable profit growth.

Segment profits decreased by ¥18,410 million to losses of ¥1,803 million compared to the same period of the previous fiscal year primarily due to a decrease in gains on sales of subsidiaries and equity method investments, and increases in provision for credit losses and selling, general and administrative expenses, partially offset by an increase in gains on investment securities and dividends.

Segment assets increased 20% to ¥1,917,168 million compared to the end of the previous fiscal year due to an increase in goodwill, intangible assets acquired in business combinations as a result of a new acquisition of a subsidiary in the second quarter of fiscal 2026, and increases in installment loans and trade notes, accounts and other receivables.

	Six months ended September 30, 2024					Change
						Amount		Percent (%)
	(Millions of yen, except percentage data)
Segment Revenues:
Finance revenues	¥	53,163	¥	51,219		¥	(1,944	)	(4	)
Gains on investment securities and dividends		(280	)	7,801			8,081		—
Operating leases		292		1,038			746		255
Sales of goods and real estate		235		575			340		145
Services income		22,255		24,039			1,784		8
Total Segment Revenues		75,665		84,672			9,007		12
Segment Expenses:
Interest expense		22,225		24,980			2,755		12
Costs of operating leases		649		1,297			648		100
Costs of goods and real estate sold		151		267			116		77
Services expense		854		867			13		2
Other (income) and expense		(2,284	)	(395	)		1,889		—
Selling, general and administrative expenses		45,360		49,684			4,324		10
Provision for credit losses, and write-downs of long-lived assets and securities		1,617		6,911			5,294		327
Total Segment Expenses		68,572		83,611			15,039		22
Equity in Net income (Loss) of equity method investments and others		9,514		(2,864	)		(12,378	)	—
Segment Profits	¥	16,607	¥	(1,803	)	¥	(18,410	)	—
	As of March 31, 2025		As of September 30, 2025			Change
						Amount		Percent (%)
	(Millions of yen, except percentage data)
Net investment in leases	¥	451	¥	428		¥	(23	)	(5	)
Installment loans		652,805		721,213			68,408		10
Investment in operating leases		21,260		27,312			6,052		28
Investment in securities		487,022		508,690			21,668		4
Property under facility operations and servicing assets		76,469		75,660			(809	)	(1	)
Inventories		137		518			381		278
Equity method investments		54,817		79,389			24,572		45
Goodwill, intangible assets acquired in business combinations		171,884		329,036			157,152		91
Other assets		129,094		174,922			45,828		35
Total Segment Assets	¥	1,593,939	¥	1,917,168		¥	323,229		20

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ORIX Europe : Asset management of global equity and fixed income

In this segment we are engaged in the asset management business through investments in stocks, bonds, etc. In addition to the focus on expanding the existing businesses by leveraging our expertise as a pioneer in sustainable investment, we are working to increase assets under management and enhance profitability through initiatives such as broadening our lineup of active ETFs and offering white-label products. We are also engaged in capturing a wide range of business opportunities including M&A as the strategic business location of ORIX Group in Europe.

Segment profits increased 6% to ¥22,079 million compared to the same period of the previous fiscal year primarily due to an increase in services income.

Segment assets increased 8% to ¥719,789 million compared to the end of the previous fiscal year primarily due to a general increase as a result of foreign exchange effects.

	Six months ended September 30, 2024		Six months ended September 30, 2025
					Amount		Percent (%)
	(Millions of yen, except percentage data)
Segment Revenues:
Finance revenues	¥	1,990	¥	1,518	¥	(472	)	(24	)
Gains on investment securities and dividends		3,821		9,437		5,616		147
Services income		120,866		122,930		2,064		2
Total Segment Revenues		126,677		133,885		7,208		6
Segment Expenses:
Interest expense		373		265		(108	)	(29	)
Services expense		32,629		33,764		1,135		3
Other (income) and expense		4,609		3,429		(1,180	)	(26	)
Selling, general and administrative expenses		69,026		74,172		5,146		7
Provision for credit losses, and write-downs of long-lived assets and securities		115		148		33		29
Total Segment Expenses		106,752		111,778		5,026		5
Equity in Net income (Loss) of equity method investments and others		872		(28	)	(900	)	—
Segment Profits	¥	20,797	¥	22,079	¥	1,282		6
	As of March 31, 2025		As of September 30, 2025		Change
					Amount		Percent (%)
	(Millions of yen, except percentage data)
Investment in securities	¥	86,008	¥	95,095	¥	9,087		11
Equity method investments		8,578		8,517		(61	)	(1	)
Goodwill, intangible assets acquired in business combinations		354,801		377,703		22,902		6
Other assets		219,919		238,474		18,555		8
Total Segment Assets	¥	669,306	¥	719,789	¥	50,483		8

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Table of Contents

Asia and Australia : Finance and investment businesses in Asia and Australia

Our overseas subsidiaries are primarily engaged in financial services such as leasing and lending across Asian countries and Australia and also invest in private equity in Asian countries, particularly in China. We will further enhance the functions of our overseas subsidiaries and further invest in targeted markets in order to expand our business with an emphasis on profitability.

Segment profits increased 3% to ¥19,693 million compared to the same period of the previous fiscal year primarily due to decreases in equity in net income (loss) of equity method investments and finance revenues in Greater China, partially offset by a decrease in credit loss expenses in Greater China, as well as increases in finance revenues and equity in net income (loss) of equity method investments in Asia-Pacific.

Segment assets increased 1% to ¥1,741,117 million compared to the end of the previous fiscal year primarily due to increases in investment in operating leases and net investment in leases as a result of foreign exchange effects in Asia-Pacific, partially offset by decreases in net investment in leases and installment loans in Greater China.

	Six months ended September 30, 2024
					Amount		Percent (%)
	(Millions of yen, except percentage data)
Segment Revenues:
Finance revenues	¥	37,885	¥	35,309	¥	(2,576	)	(7	)
Gains on investment securities and dividends		(47	)	167		214		–
Operating leases		67,510		67,820		310		0
Sales of goods and real estate		246		219		(27	)	(11	)
Services income		12,016		11,168		(848	)	(7	)
Total Segment Revenues		117,610		114,683		(2,927	)	(2	)
Segment Expenses:
Interest expense		20,972		18,916		(2,056	)	(10	)
Costs of operating leases		48,902		48,393		(509	)	(1	)
Costs of goods and real estate sold		229		198		(31	)	(14	)
Services expense		7,599		7,235		(364	)	(5	)
Other (income) and expense		(621	)	(325	)	296		–
Selling, general and administrative expenses		21,782		22,405		623		3
Provision for credit losses, and write-downs of long-lived assets and securities		4,555		2,877		(1,678	)	(37	)
Total Segment Expenses		103,418		99,699		(3,719	)	(4	)
Equity in Net income (Loss) of equity method investments and others		4,932		4,709		(223	)	(5	)
Segment Profits	¥	19,124	¥	19,693	¥	569		3
	As of March 31, 2025		As of September 30, 2025		Change
					Amount		Percent (%)
	(Millions of yen, except percentage data)
Net investment in leases	¥	547,966	¥	573,261	¥	25,295		5
Installment loans		315,128		283,373		(31,755	)	(10	)
Investment in operating leases		394,764		438,307		43,543		11
Investment in securities		37,768		35,054		(2,714	)	(7	)
Property under facility operations		1,844		2,033		189		10
Inventories		615		206		(409	)	(67	)
Advances for finance lease and operating lease		4,833		3,217		(1,616	)	(33	)
Equity method investments		260,395		249,690		(10,705	)	(4	)
Advances for property under facility operations		51		0		(51	)	(99	)
Goodwill, intangible assets acquired in business combinations		6,986		6,840		(146	)	(2	)
Other assets		155,277		149,136		(6,141	)	(4	)
Total Segment Assets	¥	1,725,627	¥	1,741,117	¥	15,490		1

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(2) Financial Condition

	As of March 31, 2025		As of September 30, 2025		Change
					Amount	Percent (%)
	(Millions of yen except per share, ratios and percentages)
Total assets	¥	16,866,251	¥	17,604,283	¥	738,032	4
(Segment assets)		16,456,627		17,076,218		619,591	4
Total liabilities		12,691,036		13,034,239		343,203	3
(Short- and long-term debt)		6,282,798		6,521,348		238,550	4
(Deposits)		2,449,812		2,628,153		178,341	7
ORIX Corporation shareholders’ equity		4,089,782		4,441,677		351,895	9
ORIX Corporation shareholders’ equity per share (yen)*1		3,599.24		3,982.69		383.45	11
ORIX Corporation shareholders’ equity ratio*2		24.2 %		25.2 %		—	—
D/E ratio (Debt-to-equity ratio) (Short-and long-term debt (excluding deposits) / ORIX Corporation shareholders’ equity)		1.5x		1.5x		—	—

Total assets increased 4% to ¥17,604,283 million compared to the balance as of March 31, 2025 primarily due to increases in investment in securities, installment loans, investment in operating leases and other assets (mainly goodwill, intangible assets acquired in business combinations and reinsurance recoverable), primarily offset by decreases in equity method investments. In addition, segment assets increased 4% to ¥17,076,218 million compared to the balance as of March 31, 2025.

Total liabilities increased 3% to ¥13,034,239 million compared to the balance as of March 31, 2025 primarily due to increases in long-term debt and deposits, primarily offset by decreases in policy liabilities and policy account balances and trade notes, accounts and other payable.

Shareholders’ equity increased 9% to ¥4,441,677 million compared to the balance as of March 31, 2025.

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Table of Contents

(3) Liquidity and Capital Resources

ORIX Group formulates funding policies that are designed to maintain and improve procurement stability and reduce liquidity risk. As a concrete measure to maintain and improve procurement stability while engaging in activities such as borrowing, capital market procurement and securitization of assets, we are diversifying our procurement methods and our country and investor base. To reduce liquidity risk, we are prolonging our borrowings from financial institutions and issuing long-term corporate bonds domestically and internationally with dispersed redemption periods. We are also holding cash and entering into committed credit facilities agreements. In order to maintain an appropriate level of liquidity at hand, we conduct stress tests from the perspective of both procurement stability and financial efficiency and review the necessary levels accordingly.

The Company continues to closely monitor the impact of geopolitical risks and the direction of monetary policy by major central banks on the liquidity and capital resources of the ORIX Group.

Our funding is comprised of borrowings from financial institutions, direct fund procurement from capital markets, and deposits. ORIX Group’s total funding including that from short-term and long-term debt and deposits on a consolidated basis was ¥9,149,501 million as of September 30, 2025. Borrowings are procured from a diverse range of financial institutions including major banks, regional banks, foreign banks and life and casualty insurance companies. The number of financial institutions from which we procured borrowings was about 200 as of September 30, 2025. Our debt from capital markets is mainly composed of bonds, Medium Term Notes, Commercial Paper, and securitization of loans receivables and other assets. The majority of deposits are attributable to ORIX Bank Corporation.

Short-term and long-term debt and deposits

(a) Short-term debt

	Millions of yen — March 31, 2025		September 30, 2025
Borrowings from financial institutions	¥	461,466	¥	456,797
Secured borrowings on securities lending transactions		80,626		145,879
Commercial paper		7,588		7,200
Total short-term debt	¥	549,680	¥	609,876
Short-term debt as of September 30, 2025 was ¥609,876 million, which accounted for 9% of the total amount of short-term and long-term debt (excluding deposits) as compared to 9% as of March 31, 2025. While the amount of short-term debt as of September 30, 2025 was ¥609,876 million, the sum of cash and cash equivalents and the unused amount of committed credit facilities as of September 30, 2025 was ¥1,990,319 million, maintaining a sufficient level of liquidity.
(b) Long-term debt
	Millions of yen
	March 31, 2025		September 30, 2025
Borrowings from financial institutions and other	¥	4,031,105	¥	4,106,231
Bonds		1,251,120		1,368,785
Medium-term notes		387,316		411,231
Payables under securitized loan receivables and other assets		63,577		25,225
Total long-term debt	¥	5,733,118	¥	5,911,472
The balance of long-term debt as of September 30, 2025 was ¥5,911,472 million, which accounted for 91% of the total amount of short-term and long-term debt (excluding deposits) as compared to 91% as of March 31, 2025.
(c) Deposits
	Millions of yen
	March 31, 2025		September 30, 2025
Deposits	¥	2,449,812	¥	2,628,153

Apart from the short-term and long-term debt noted above, ORIX Bank Corporation and ORIX Asia Limited accept deposits. These deposit-taking subsidiaries are regulated institutions, and loans from these subsidiaries to ORIX Group entities are subject to maximum regulatory limits.

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Table of Contents

(4) Summary of Cash Flows

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash as of September 30, 2025, increased by ¥73,740 million to ¥1,395,723 million compared to March 31, 2025.

Cash flows provided by operating activities were an inflow of ¥608,013 million in the six months ended September 30, 2025, up from ¥600,040 million during the same period of the previous fiscal year. This change resulted primarily from a decrease in trade notes, accounts and other receivable.

Cash flows used in investing activities were an outflow of ¥791,090 million in the six months ended September 30, 2025, up from ¥602,448 million during the same period of the previous fiscal year. This change resulted primarily from an increase in originations of installment loans and a decrease in principal collected on installment loans, partially offset by an increase in proceeds from sales of equity method investments.

Cash flows provided by financing activities were an inflow of ¥246,616 million in the six months ended September 30, 2025, up from ¥130,462 million during the same period of the previous fiscal year. This change resulted primarily from an increase in proceeds from debt with maturities longer than three months and deposits due to customers, partially offset by a change from an increase to a decrease in call money.

(5) Management Policy and Strategy

There were no significant changes for the six months ended September 30, 2025.

(6) Challenges to be addressed on a priority basis

There were no significant changes for the six months ended September 30, 2025.

(7) Research and Development Activity

There were no significant changes in research and development activities for the six months ended September 30, 2025.

(8) Major Facilities

There were no significant changes in major facilities for the six months ended September 30, 2025.

Material Contracts

Not applicable.

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Table of Contents

Company Stock Information

(The following disclosure is provided for ORIX Corporation on a stand-alone basis and has been prepared based on Japanese GAAP.)

(1) Issued Shares, Common Stock and Capital Reserve

The number of issued shares, the amount of common stock and capital reserve for the six months ended September 30, 2025 is as follows:

In thousands — Number of issued shares		Millions of yen — Common stock		Capital reserve
Increase, net	September 30, 2025	Increase, net	September 30, 2025	Increase, net	September 30, 2025
0	1,162,962	¥0	¥221,111	¥0	¥248,290

(2) List of Major Shareholders

The following is a list of major shareholders based on our share registry as of September 30, 2025:

Name
Address
The Master Trust Bank of Japan, Ltd. (Trust Account)	207,964	18.59 %
Akasaka Intercity AIR, 1-8-1, Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo
Custody Bank of Japan, Ltd. (Trust Account)	89,092	7.96
1-8-12, Harumi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo
State Street Bank And Trust Company 505001	37,100	3.31
One Congress Street, Suite 1 Boston Massachusetts USA
Citibank, N.A.-NY, As Depositary Bank For Depositary Share Holders	26,089	2.33
388 Greenwich Street New York, NY 10013 USA
State Street Bank West Client-Treaty 505234	24,409	2.18
1776 Heritage Drive, North Quincy, MA 02171 USA
SMBC Nikko Securities Inc.	19,696	1.76
3-3-1, Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo
JP Morgan Chase Bank 385864	17,416	1.55
25 Bank Street, Canary Wharf, London, E14 5JP, United Kingdom
JP Morgan Chase Bank 385781	16,525	1.47
25 Bank Street, Canary Wharf, London, E14 5JP, United Kingdom
BNYM AS AGT/CLTS 10 PERCENT	16,080	1.43
240 Greenwich Street, New York, New York 10286 USA
JP Morgan Securities Japan Co., Ltd.	16,004	1.43
Tokyo Building, 2-7-3, Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo
	470,377	42.04 %

Notes: 1 The number of shares held in relation to a trust business may not be all inclusive and therefore is reported with reference to the names listed as shareholders.

: 2 In addition to the above, the Company has treasury stock shares of 44,330 thousand shares. The Company’s shares held through the Board Incentive Plan Trust (3,386 thousand shares) are not included in the number of treasury stock shares.

: 3 On September 19, 2025, Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Asset Management Co., Ltd. and Amova Asset Management Co., Ltd. jointly filed a large shareholding report (an amendment report), as required under Japanese regulations, disclosing their shareholdings in the Company as of September 15, 2025, as follows. This information is not included in the List of Major Shareholders above because we were unable to confirm the reported number of shares held in our shareholder registry as of September 30, 2025.

Name — Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Asset Management Co., Ltd.	34,845	3.00 %
Amova Asset Management Co., Ltd.	25,259	2.17
Total	60,105	5.17 %

Directors and Executive Officers

Between the filing date of Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, personnel changes of directors and executive officers are as follows:

Name	New Position	Prior Position
Satoru Matsuzaki	Member of the Board of Directors Deputy President Executive Officer Group Strategy Business Unit, Responsible for Asia-Pacific Head of Corporate Business Headquarters Chairperson, ORIX Auto Corporation Chairperson, ORIX Rentec Corporation	Member of the Board of Directors Deputy President Executive Officer Group Strategy Business Unit, Responsible for Asia and Australia Head of Corporate Business Headquarters Chairperson, ORIX Auto Corporation Chairperson, ORIX Rentec Corporation	July 1, 2025
Yoshiaki Matsuoka	Executive Officer Group Strategy Business Unit Responsible for Asia-Pacific Business	Executive Officer Group Strategy Business Unit Asia and Australia Business Group	July 1, 2025

– 18 –

Table of Contents

Financial Information

(1) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)

Assets	March 31, 2025		September 30, 2025
Cash and Cash Equivalents	¥	1,206,573	¥	1,275,912
Restricted Cash		115,410		119,811
Net Investment in Leases		1,167,380		1,200,669
Installment Loans		4,081,019		4,208,241
The amounts which are measured at fair value by electing the fair value option are as follows:
March 31, 2025	¥ 97,694 million
September 30, 2025	¥ 85,724 million
Allowance for Credit Losses		( 56,769	)	( 58,990	)
Investment in Operating Leases		1,967,178		2,086,405
Investment in Securities		3,234,547		3,393,331
The amounts which are measured at fair value by electing the fair value option are as follows:
March 31, 2025	¥ 41,018 million
September 30, 2025	¥ 41,499 million
The amounts which are associated to available-for-sale debt securities are as follows:
March 31, 2025
Amortized Cost	¥ 3,174,036 million
Allowance for Credit Losses	¥( 670 ) million
September 30, 2025
Amortized Cost	¥ 3,394,683 million
Allowance for Credit Losses	¥( 771 ) million
Property under Facility Operations		771,851		767,159
Equity method investments		1,320,015		1,240,679
Trade Notes, Accounts and Other Receivable		411,012		413,144
Inventories		229,229		240,377
Office Facilities		191,957		192,910
Other Assets		2,226,849		2,524,635
The amounts which are measured at fair value by electing the fair value option are as follows:
March 31, 2025	¥ 2,586 million
September 30, 2025	¥ 1,515 million
Total Assets	¥	16,866,251	¥	17,604,283

Note: The assets of consolidated variable interest entities (VIEs) that can be used only to settle obligations of those VIEs are below:

	Millions of yen — March 31, 2025		September 30, 2025
Cash and Cash Equivalents	¥	1,333	¥	465
Net Investment in Leases (Net of Allowance for Credit Losses)		6,482		15,160
Installment Loans (Net of Allowance for Credit Losses)		71,668		14,203
Investment in Operating Leases		77,480		81,883
Property under Facility Operations		91,323		75,314
Equity method Investments		49,409		49,156
Other		45,402		36,474
	¥	343,097	¥	272,655

– 19 –

Table of Contents


	Millions of yen
Liabilities and Equity	March 31, 2025		September 30, 2025
Liabilities:
Short-Term Debt	¥	549,680	¥	609,876
Deposits		2,449,812		2,628,153
Trade Notes, Accounts and Other Payable		339,787		317,205
Policy Liabilities and Policy Account Balances		1,948,047		1,724,828
The amounts which are measured at fair value by electing the fair value option are as follows:
March 31, 2025	¥ 136,257 million
September 30, 2025	¥ 142,700 million
Current and Deferred Income Taxes		578,781		675,172
Long-Term Debt		5,733,118		5,911,472
Other Liabilities		1,091,811		1,167,533
Total Liabilities		12,691,036		13,034,239
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests		3,432		48,186
Commitments and Contingent Liabilities
Equity:
Common Stock		221,111		221,111
Additional Paid-in Capital		234,193		235,206
Retained Earnings		3,354,911		3,560,087
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income		341,298		558,624
Treasury Stock, at Cost		( 61,731	)	( 133,351	)
ORIX Corporation Shareholders’ Equity		4,089,782		4,441,677
Noncontrolling Interests		82,001		80,181
Total Equity		4,171,783		4,521,858
Total Liabilities and Equity	¥	16,866,251	¥	17,604,283

Note: The liabilities of consolidated VIEs for which creditors (or beneficial interest holders) do not have recourse to the general credit of the Company and its subsidiaries are below:

		$
Millions of yen
March 31, 2025		September 30, 2025
Trade Notes, Accounts and Other Payable	525		582
Long-Term Debt	199,360		155,828
Other	16,749		15,819
¥	216,634	¥	172,229

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Table of Contents

(2) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)

	Millions of yen — Six months ended September 30, 2024		Six months ended September 30, 2025
Revenues:
Finance revenues	¥	164,734	¥	177,350
Gains on investment securities and dividends		6,550		37,697
Operating leases		310,848		309,624
Life insurance premiums and related investment income		233,808		299,708
Sales of goods and real estate		190,874		206,964
Services income		496,819		533,154
Total revenues		1,403,633		1,564,497
Expenses:
Interest expense		83,717		93,811
Costs of operating leases		192,799		201,850
Life insurance costs		166,863		220,628
Costs of goods and real estate sold		139,155		154,612
Services expense		290,952		305,228
Other (income) and expense		10,902		401
Selling, general and administrative expenses		314,225		332,954
Provision for credit losses		7,319		9,989
Write-downs of long-lived assets		506		1,397
Write-downs of securities		223		749
Total expenses		1,206,661		1,321,619
Operating Income		196,972		242,878
Equity in Net Income of Equity method investments		28,516		50,406
Gains on Sales of Subsidiaries and Equity method investments and Liquidation Losses, net		31,503		98,198
Income before Income Taxes		256,991		391,482
Provision for Income Taxes		74,862		116,622
Net Income		182,129		274,860
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to the Noncontrolling Interests		( 973	)	3,691
Net Income Attributable to the Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests		156		73
Net Income Attributable to ORIX Corporation Shareholders	¥	182,946	¥	271,096
	Yen
	Six months ended September 30, 2024		Six months ended September 30, 2025
Amounts per Share of Common Stock for Net Income Attributable to ORIX Corporation Shareholders:
Basic:	¥	159.42	¥	240.42
Diluted:		159.15		239.91

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Table of Contents

(3) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)

	$
	Millions of yen
	Six months ended September 30, 2024		Six months ended September 30, 2025
Net Income	¥	182,129	¥	274,860
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Net change of unrealized gains (losses) on investment in securities		( 54,756	)	( 88,065	)
Impact of changes in policy liability discount rate		2,741		311,459
Net change of debt valuation adjustments		( 75	)	188
Net change of defined benefit pension plans		( 526	)	5,545
Net change of foreign currency translation adjustments		( 63,533	)	( 4,988	)
Net change of unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments		( 8,229	)	( 7,093	)
Total other comprehensive income (loss)		( 124,378	)	217,046
Comprehensive Income		57,751		491,906
Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to the Noncontrolling Interests		( 2,132	)	3,043
Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to the Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests		( 13	)	469
Comprehensive Income Attributable to ORIX Corporation Shareholders	¥	59,896	¥	488,394

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Table of Contents

(4) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity (Unaudited)

Six months ended September 30, 2024

	Millions of yen
	ORIX Corporation Shareholders’ Equity
	Common Stock		Additional Paid-in Capital		Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Treasury Stock			Total ORIX Corporation Shareholders’ Equity			Noncontrolling Interests		Total Equity
Balance at March 31, 2024	¥	221,111	¥	233,457	¥	3,259,730		¥	357,148	¥	( 129,980	)	¥	3,941,466		¥	80,499	¥	4,021,965
Cumulative effect of adopting Accounting Standards Update 2023-02	¥	0	¥	0	¥	( 157	)	¥	0	¥	0		¥	( 157	)	¥	0	¥	( 157	)
Balance at April 1, 2024	¥	221,111	¥	233,457	¥	3,259,573		¥	357,148	¥	( 129,980	)	¥	3,941,309		¥	80,499	¥	4,021,808
Contribution to subsidiaries														0			3,405		3,405
Transaction with noncontrolling interests														0			( 4,553	)	( 4,553	)
Comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Net income (loss)						182,946								182,946			( 973	)	181,973
Other comprehensive income (loss)
Net change of unrealized gains (losses) on investment in securities									( 54,744	)				( 54,744	)		0		( 54,744	)
Impact of changes in policy liability discount rate									2,741					2,741			0		2,741
Net change of debt valuation adjustments									( 75	)				( 75	)		0		( 75	)
Net change of defined benefit pension plans									( 525	)				( 525	)		( 1	)	( 526	)
Net change of foreign currency translation adjustments									( 62,223	)				( 62,223	)		( 1,153	)	( 63,376	)
Net change of unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments									( 8,224	)				( 8,224	)		( 5	)	( 8,229	)
Total other comprehensive income (loss)														( 123,050	)		( 1,159	)	( 124,209	)
Total comprehensive income (loss)														59,896			( 2,132	)	57,764
Cash dividends						( 64,405	)							( 64,405	)		( 509	)	( 64,914	)
Acquisition of treasury stock											( 35,417	)		( 35,417	)		0		( 35,417	)
Disposal of treasury stock				( 158	)						316			158			0		158
Other, net				656										656			0		656
Balance at September 30, 2024	¥	221,111	¥	233,955	¥	3,378,114		¥	234,098	¥	( 165,081	)	¥	3,902,197		¥	76,710	¥	3,978,907
Six months ended September 30, 2025
	Millions of yen
	ORIX Corporation Shareholders’ Equity
	Common Stock		Additional Paid-in Capital		Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Treasury Stock			Total ORIX Corporation Shareholders’ Equity			Noncontrolling Interests		Total Equity
Balance at March 31, 2025	¥	221,111	¥	234,193	¥	3,354,911		¥	341,298	¥	( 61,731	)	¥	4,089,782		¥	82,001	¥	4,171,783
Contribution to subsidiaries														0			5,345		5,345
Transaction with noncontrolling interests				304					28					332			( 5,132	)	( 4,800	)
Comprehensive income, net of tax:
Net income						271,096								271,096			3,691		274,787
Other comprehensive income (loss)
Net change of unrealized gains (losses) on investment in securities									( 88,059	)				( 88,059	)		0		( 88,059	)
Impact of changes in policy liability discount rate									311,459					311,459			0		311,459
Net change of debt valuation adjustments									188					188			0		188
Net change of defined benefit pension plans									5,548					5,548			( 3	)	5,545
Net change of foreign currency translation adjustments									( 4,776	)				( 4,776	)		( 614	)	( 5,390	)
Net change of unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments									( 7,062	)				( 7,062	)		( 31	)	( 7,093	)
Total other comprehensive income (loss)														217,298			( 648	)	216,650
Total comprehensive income														488,394			3,043		491,437
Cash dividends						( 65,920	)							( 65,920	)		( 5,076	)	( 70,996	)
Acquisition of treasury stock											( 71,681	)		( 71,681	)		0		( 71,681	)
Disposal of treasury stock				( 77	)						60			( 17	)		0		( 17	)
Other, net				786							1			787			0		787
Balance at September 30, 2025	¥	221,111	¥	235,206	¥	3,560,087		¥	558,624	¥	( 133,351	)	¥	4,441,677		¥	80,181	¥	4,521,858

Note: Changes in the redeemable noncontrolling interests are not included in this table. For further information, see Note 12 “Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests.”

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Table of Contents

(5) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)

	Millions of yen
	Six months ended September 30, 2024		Six months ended September 30, 2025
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net income	¥	182,129	¥	274,860
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		200,794		200,486
Principal payments received under net investment in leases		258,428		242,910
Provision for credit losses		7,319		9,989
Equity in net income of equity method investments		( 28,516	)	( 50,406	)
Gains on sales of subsidiaries and equity method investments and liquidation losses, net		( 31,503	)	( 98,198	)
(Gains) Losses on sales of securities other than trading		( 884	)	67
Gains on sales of operating lease assets		( 44,646	)	( 31,005	)
Write-downs of long-lived assets		506		1,397
Write-downs of securities		223		749
(Increase) Decrease in trading securities		13,853		( 9,804	)
(Increase) Decrease in inventories		2,465		( 10,166	)
Decrease in trade notes, accounts and other receivable		28,794		49,311
Decrease in trade notes, accounts and other payable		( 18,950	)	( 19,961	)
Increase in policy liabilities and policy account balances		41,053		196,700
Other, net		( 11,025	)	( 148,916	)
Net cash provided by operating activities		600,040		608,013
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Purchases of lease equipment		( 671,739	)	( 614,727	)
Originations of installment loans		( 698,963	)	( 785,606	)
Principal collected on installment loans		723,410		617,502
Proceeds from sales of operating lease assets		143,787		125,261
Investments in equity method investees, net		( 37,486	)	( 33,339	)
Proceeds from sales of equity method investments		12,847		101,338
Purchases of available-for-sale debt securities		( 373,479	)	( 364,360	)
Proceeds from sales of available-for-sale debt securities		225,927		194,812
Proceeds from redemption of available-for-sale debt securities		139,666		69,648
Purchases of equity securities other than trading		( 43,981	)	( 54,486	)
Proceeds from sales of equity securities other than trading		20,060		56,183
Purchases of property under facility operations		( 23,787	)	( 29,156	)
Acquisitions of subsidiaries, net of cash acquired		( 34,279	)	( 98,371	)
Sales of subsidiaries, net of cash disposed		37,724		35,457
Other, net		( 22,155	)	( 11,246	)
Net cash used in investing activities		( 602,448	)	( 791,090	)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Net increase in debt with maturities of three months or less		154,418		128,076
Proceeds from debt with maturities longer than three months		574,786		647,379
Repayment of debt with maturities longer than three months		( 571,260	)	( 505,273	)
Net increase in deposits due to customers		49,646		178,424
Cash dividends paid to ORIX Corporation shareholders		( 64,405	)	( 65,920	)
Acquisition of treasury stock		( 35,417	)	( 71,681	)
Contribution from noncontrolling interests		570		2,117
Purchases of shares of subsidiaries from noncontrolling interests		( 13	)	( 585	)
Net increase (decrease) in call money		23,000		( 60,000	)
Other, net		( 863	)	( 5,921	)
Net cash provided by financing activities		130,462		246,616
Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash		( 9,741	)	10,201
Net increase in Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash		118,313		73,740
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash at Beginning of Period		1,185,307		1,321,983
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash at End of Period	¥	1,303,620	¥	1,395,723

Note: The following tables provide information about Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash which are included in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2024 and September 30, 2025, respectively.

	Millions of yen — September 30, 2024		September 30, 2025
Cash and Cash Equivalents	¥	1,168,945	¥	1,275,912
Restricted Cash		134,675		119,811
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash	¥	1,303,620	¥	1,395,723

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Table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Overview of Accounting Principles Utilized

In preparing the accompanying consolidated financial statements, ORIX Corporation (the “Company”) and its subsidiaries have complied with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”).

These statements include all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) that we considered necessary to present a fair statement of our results of operations, financial position and cash flows. The results reported in these consolidated financial statements should not be regarded as necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the entire year. These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto included in our March 31, 2025 consolidated financial statements on Form 20-F.

Since the Company listed on the New York Stock Exchange in September 1998, the Company has filed the annual report (Form 20-F) including the consolidated financial statements with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Significant differences between U.S. GAAP and generally accepted accounting principles in Japan (“Japanese GAAP”) are as follows:

(a) Initial direct costs and loan origination fees and related direct loan origination costs

Under U.S. GAAP, initial direct costs of sales-type leases and direct financing leases are mainly being deferred and amortized as a yield adjustment over the life of the related lease using the interest method. Initial direct costs of operating leases are being deferred and amortized on a straight-line basis over the life of the related lease. Loan origination fees and related direct loan origination costs are mainly being deferred and amortized over the term of the related loans using the interest method.

Under Japanese GAAP, those initial direct costs are recognized as expenses when they are incurred.

(b) Allowance for credit losses

Under U.S. GAAP, the allowance for credit losses to financial assets not individually evaluated is accounted for estimating credit losses expected to occur in the future over the remaining life. And for the credit losses over the remaining life resulting from off-balance sheet credit exposures, the allowance is recognized.

Under Japanese GAAP, the allowance for loan losses to financial receivables, etc. not individually evaluated is accounted for based on the prior charge-off experience to the outstanding balance of financial receivables at the reporting date.

Under U.S. GAAP, revenues from operating leases are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease terms. Operating lease assets are depreciated over their estimated useful lives mainly on a straight-line basis.

Japanese GAAP allows for operating lease assets to be depreciated using mainly either a declining-balance basis or a straight-line basis.

(d) Accounting for life insurance operations

Under U.S. GAAP, certain costs related directly to the successful acquisition of new (or renewal of) insurance contracts are deferred and amortized over the expected period of the policies on a constant-level basis.

Under Japanese GAAP, such costs are recorded as expenses currently in earnings in each accounting period.

Under U.S. GAAP, certain reinsurance commissions (income) corresponding to expenses directly related to the successful acquisition of new (or renewal of) insurance contracts are deferred and amortized over the expected period of the policies on a constant-level basis.

Under Japanese GAAP, such income is recognized as revenue currently in earnings in each accounting period.

In addition, under U.S. GAAP, policy liabilities for future policy benefits are measured using the net level premium method based on actuarial estimates of the amount of future policyholder benefits. The discount rate is calculated by applying the discount rate as of the valuation date, and assumptions are reviewed at least annually except for the expense assumptions. Changes in the liabilities for future policy benefits resulting from changes of cash flow assumptions are recognized in earnings. Changes in the liabilities for future policy benefits resulting from changes of discount rate assumptions are recognized in other comprehensive income (loss), net of applicable income tax.

Under Japanese GAAP, these are calculated by the methodology which relevant authorities accept.

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Table of Contents

(e) Accounting for goodwill and other intangible assets in business combinations

Under U.S. GAAP, goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized, but assessed for impairment at least annually. Additionally, if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired, the Company and its subsidiaries test for impairment when such events or changes occur.

Under Japanese GAAP, goodwill is amortized over an appropriate period up to 20 years.

(f) Accounting for pension plans

Under U.S. GAAP, the net actuarial gain (loss) is amortized using the corridor approach.

Under Japanese GAAP, the net actuarial gain (loss) is fully amortized over a certain term within the average remaining service period of employees.

(g) Partial sale of the parent’s ownership interest in subsidiaries

Under U.S. GAAP, in a transaction that results in the loss of control, the gain or loss recognized in income includes the realized gain or loss related to the portion of ownership interest sold and the gain or loss on the remeasurement to fair value of the interest retained.

Under Japanese GAAP, in a transaction that results in the loss of control, only the realized gain or loss related to the portion of ownership interest sold is recognized in income and the gain or loss on the remeasurement to fair value of the interest retained is not recognized.

(h) Consolidated statements of cash flows

Classification in the statements of cash flows under U.S. GAAP differs from that under Japanese GAAP. As significant differences, purchase of lease equipment, proceeds from sales of operating lease assets, installment loans and principal collected on installment loans (excluding issues and collections of loans held for sale) are included in “Cash Flows from Investing Activities” under U.S. GAAP while they are classified as “Cash Flows from Operating Activities” under Japanese GAAP.

Under U.S. GAAP, in addition, restricted cash is required to be added to the balance of cash and cash equivalents.

(i) Transfer of financial assets

Under U.S. GAAP, an entity is required to perform analysis to determine whether or not to consolidate trusts or special purpose companies, collectively called special purpose entities (“SPEs”) for securitization under the VIE’s consolidation rules. If it is determined from the analysis that the enterprise transferred financial assets in a securitization transaction to SPEs that need to be consolidated, the transaction is not accounted for as a sale.

In addition, if the transferor transfers a portion of financial assets, the transaction is not accounted for as a sale but accounted for as a secured borrowing unless each interest held by the transferor and transferee meets the definition of a participating interest and the transfer of a portion of financial assets meets criteria for derecognition of transferred financial assets.

Under Japanese GAAP, SPEs that meet certain conditions may be considered not to be a subsidiary of the transferor. Therefore, if an enterprise transfers financial assets to these types of SPEs in a securitization transaction, the transferee SPEs are not required to be consolidated, and the enterprise accounts for the transaction as a sale and recognizes a gain or loss on the sale into earnings when control over the transferred assets is surrendered.

In addition, if the transferor transfers a portion of financial assets, the enterprise accounts for the transaction as a sale and recognizes a gain or loss on the sale into earnings when the transfer of a portion of financial assets meets criteria for derecognition of transferred financial assets.

(j) Investment in securities

Under U.S. GAAP, unrealized gains and losses from all equity securities are generally recognized in income. In addition, credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities are recognized in earnings through an allowance, and unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale debt securities related to other factors than credit losses are recognized in other comprehensive income (loss), net of applicable income taxes.

Under Japanese GAAP, such unrealized gains and losses from securities other than trading or held-to-maturity are recognized in other comprehensive income (loss), net of applicable income taxes.

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(k) Fair value option

Under U.S. GAAP, an entity is permitted to carry certain eligible financial assets and liabilities at fair value and to recognize changes in that item’s fair value in earnings through the election of the fair value option. The portion of the total change in the fair value of the financial liability that results from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk is to be recognized in other comprehensive income (loss), net of applicable income taxes.

Under Japanese GAAP, there is no accounting standard for fair value option.

(l) Lessee’s lease

Under U.S. GAAP, right-of-use (hereinafter, “ROU”) assets and lease liabilities from the lessee’s lease transaction are generally recognized on the balance sheet.

Under Japanese GAAP, operating leases from the lessee’s lease transaction are off-balance sheet.

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Table of Contents

Significant Accounting and Reporting Policies

(a) Principles of consolidation

Consolidated subsidiaries

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and all of its subsidiaries. VIEs, for which the Company and its subsidiaries are the primary beneficiaries, are also included in the consolidated financial statements.

In a transaction that results in the loss of control, the gain or loss recognized in income includes the realized gain or loss related to the portion of ownership interest sold and the gain or loss on the remeasurement to fair value of the interest retained. On the other hand, additional acquisition of the parent’s ownership interest in subsidiaries and partial sale of such interest where the parent continues to retain control of the subsidiary are accounted for as equity transactions.

A certain overseas subsidiary consolidates subsidiaries determined as investment companies under ASC 946 (“Financial Services – Investment Companies”). Investments held by the investment company subsidiaries are carried at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in earnings.

All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in preparing our consolidated financial statements.

Equity method investees

(1) Investment in corporate entities

Investments in corporate entities, in which the Company and its subsidiaries have 20% – 50% ownership or has the ability to exercise significant influence, are accounted for by using the equity method except for those for which the fair value option has been elected. When the Company holds majority voting interests of an entity but noncontrolling shareholders hold substantive participating rights to make decisions on activities that occur over the ordinary course of the business, an equity method investee is recognized.

(2) Investment in real estate joint ventures

Investments in real estate joint ventures, which includes contracts for the development and operation of real estate, are accounted for by using the equity method.

(3) Investment in partnerships and other investments

Investments in partnerships and other investments, in which the Company and its subsidiaries have more than 3% to 5% ownership or over which the Company and its subsidiaries can exercise significant influence, are accounted for by using the equity method except for those for which the fair value option has been elected.

Equity method investments are recorded at cost plus/minus the Company and its subsidiaries’ portion of equity in undistributed earnings. If the value of an investment has declined and is judged to be other-than-temporary, the investment is written down to its fair value.

When an equity method investee issues stocks, which price per share is more or less than the Company and its subsidiaries’ average carrying amount per share, to unrelated third parties, the Company and its subsidiaries adjust the carrying amount of its equity method investee and recognize the gain or loss in the consolidated statements of income in the year in which the change in ownership interest occurs.

A lag period of up to three months is used on a consistent basis for recognizing the results of certain consolidated subsidiaries and equity method investees.

(b) Use of estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The Company has identified eleven areas where it believes estimates are particularly significant to the financial statements. The Company makes estimates and assumptions to the selection of valuation techniques and determination of assumptions used in fair value measurements, fair value measurement of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination, the determination and periodic reassessment of the unguaranteed residual value for finance leases and operating leases, the determination and reassessment of insurance policy liabilities and deferred policy acquisition costs, the determination of the allowance for credit losses (including the allowance for off-balance sheet credit exposures), the recognition and measurement of impairment of long-lived assets, the recognition and measurement of impairment of investment in securities, the determination of the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets and the evaluation of tax positions, the assessment and measurement of effectiveness in hedging relationship using derivative financial instruments, the determination of benefit obligation and net periodic pension cost and the recognition and measurement of impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets.

The Company and its subsidiaries maintain their accounting records in their functional currency. Transactions in foreign currencies are recorded in the entity’s functional currency based on the prevailing exchange rates on the transaction date. Monetary assets and liabilities in foreign currencies are recorded in the entity’s functional currency based on the prevailing exchange rates at the end of each reporting period.

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The financial statements of overseas subsidiaries and equity method investees are translated into Japanese yen by applying the exchange rates in effect at the end of each reporting period to all assets and liabilities. Income and expenses are translated at the average rates of exchange prevailing during the fiscal year. The currencies in which the operations of the overseas subsidiaries and equity method inv estee s are conducted are regarded as the functional currencies of these companies. Foreign currency translation adjustments reflected in other comprehensive income (loss), net of applicable income taxes, arise from the translation of foreign currency financial statements into Japanese yen.

(d) Revenue recognition

The Company and its subsidiaries recognize revenues from only contracts with customers, such as sales of goods and real estate, and services income, revenues are recognized to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in the amounts that reflect the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Revenues are recognized net of discount, incentives and estimated sales returns. In case that the Company and its subsidiaries receive payment from customers before satisfying performance obligations, the amounts are recognized as contract liabilities. In transactions that involve third parties, if the Company and its subsidiaries control the goods or services before they are transferred to the customers, revenue is recognized on the gross amount as the principal.

Excluding the aforementioned policy, the policies as specifically described hereinafter are applied for each revenue item.

Finance Revenues —Finance revenues mainly include revenues from finance leases, installment loans, and financial guarantees.

(1) Revenues from finance leases

Lessor leases consist of leases for various equipment types, including office equipment, industrial machinery, transportation equipment and real estates. Net investment in leases includes sales-type leases and direct financing leases which are full-payout leases. Leases not qualifying as sales-type leases or direct financing leases are accounted for as operating leases. Interest income on net investment in leases is recognized over the life of each respective lease using the interest method. When lease payment is variable, it is accounted for as income in profit or loss in the period when the changes in facts and circumstances on which the variable payment is based occur. When providing leasing services, the Company and its subsidiaries simultaneously conduct supplementary businesses, such as handling taxes and paying insurance on leased assets on behalf of lessees. The repayment of lessor costs received from lessees is recognized in revenues from finance leases and those underlying costs are recognized in other (income) and expense. The estimated unguaranteed residual value represents estimated proceeds from the disposition of equipment at the time the lease is terminated. Estimates of residual values are determined based on market values of used equipment, estimates of when and the extent to which equipment will become obsolete and actual recovery being experienced for similar used equipment. Initial direct costs of sales-type leases and direct financing leases are being deferred and amortized as a yield adjustment over the life of the related lease by using interest method. The unamortized balance of initial direct costs of sales-type leases and direct financing leases is reflected as a component of net investment in leases.

(2) Revenues from installment loans

Interest income on installment loans is recognized on an accrual basis. Certain related direct loan origination costs, net of loan origination fees, are being deferred and amortized over the contractual term of the loan as an adjustment of the related loan’s yield using the interest method. Interest payments received on loans other than purchased loans are recorded as interest income unless the collection of the remaining investment is doubtful at which time payments received are recorded as reductions of principal. For purchased loans, although the acquired assets may remain loans in legal form, collections on these loans often do not reflect the normal historical experience of collecting delinquent accounts, and the need to tailor individual collateral-realization strategies often makes it difficult to reliably estimate the amount, timing, or nature of collections. Accordingly, the Company and its subsidiaries use the cost recovery method of income recognition for such purchased loans.

(3) Revenues from financial guarantees

At the inception of a guarantee, fair value for the guarantee is recognized as a liability in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company and its subsidiaries recognize revenue mainly over the term of guarantee by a systematic and rational amortization method as the Company and its subsidiaries are released from the risk of the obligation.

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(4) Non-accrual policy

For net investment in leases and installment loans, past-due financing receivables are receivables for which principal or interest is past-due 30 days or more. Loans whose terms have been modified are not classified as past-due financing receivables if the principals and interests are not past-due 30 days or more in accordance with the modified terms. The Company and its subsidiaries suspend accruing revenues on past-due installment loans and net investment in leases when principal or interest is past-due 90 days or more, or earlier, if management determines that their collections are doubtful based on factors such as individual debtors’ creditworthiness, historical loss experience, current delinquencies and delinquency trends. However, delinquencies during the relevant period of past-due financing receivables are out of the scope of the suspension of revenue recognition unless their collections are doubtful when the government issues a request for grace of repayment within a maximum of 6 months due to reasons that cannot be attributed to the obligor, such as a disaster, or when similar requests are made by public bodies. Accrued but uncollected interest is reclassified to net investment in leases or installment loans in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and becomes subject to the allowance for credit losses process. The Company and its subsidiaries return non-accrual loans and net investment in leases to accrual status when it becomes probable that the Company and its subsidiaries will be able to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of these loans and receivables, as evidenced by continual payments from the debtors. The period of such continual payments before returning to accrual status varies depending on factors that we consider are relevant in assessing the debtors’ creditworthiness, such as the debtors’ business characteristics and financial conditions as well as relevant economic conditions and trends.

Operating leases — Revenues from operating leases are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease terms. When lease payment is variable, it is accounted for as income in profit or loss in the period when the changes in facts and circumstances on which the variable payment is based occur. In principle, any conditions changed from original lease agreement should be accounted for as a lease modification.

In providing leasing services, the Company and its subsidiaries simultaneously conduct supplementary businesses, such as handling taxes and paying insurance on leased assets on behalf of lessees. The compensations for those lessor costs received from lessees are recognized in operating lease revenues and those costs are recognized in costs of operating leases. Investment in operating leases is recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation, which was ¥ 946,341 million and ¥ 981,454 million as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, respectively. In addition, operating lease assets are depreciated over their estimated useful lives mainly on a straight-line basis. Depreciation expenses are included in costs of operating leases. Gains or losses arising from dispositions of operating lease assets are included in operating lease revenues.

Estimates of residual values are based on market values of used equipment, estimates of when and the extent to which equipment will become obsolete and actual recovery being experienced for similar used equipment. Initial direct costs of operating leases are being deferred and amortized as a straight-line basis over the life of the related lease. The unamortized balance of initial direct costs is reflected as investment in operating leases.

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(e) Insurance and reinsurance transactions

The policies are classified as long-duration contracts and mainly consist of whole life, term life, endowments, medical insurance and individual annuity insurance contracts. Income from insurance policies other than single-payment whole life insurance and individual annuities is recognized as income when due, net of reinsurance premiums paid. Life insurance benefits are recorded as expenses when they are incurred. The calculation of liabilities for future policy benefits other than single-payment whole life insurance and individual annuities is computed using the same contract groupings (also referred to as cohorts) by policy year, currency, payment method (full term payment or limited payment) and product category and the liabilities for future policy benefits are computed using the net level premium method based on expected future policy benefit payments. A liability is recorded for the present value of expected future policy insurance benefits to be paid and certain related costs, less the present value of expected future net premium to be earned, at the time the premium revenue recognized. For limited payment contracts, the excess of gross premiums received over net premium is recorded as a deferred profit liability.

The liabilities for future policy benefits are measured using assumptions such as mortality, morbidity, lapse, expense and discount rates. These assumptions are determined based on historical experience, industry data and other factors. Certain subsidiaries review and update future cash flow assumptions at least annually except for expense assumptions. Certain subsidiaries elected to lock in and not to update expense assumptions after expense assumptions are determined based on the most recent actual results at the time of contract issuance. The net premium ratios for calculating the liabilities for future policy benefits are also updated quarterly by cohort, reflecting actual cash flows. Certain subsidiaries remeasure the liabilities for future policy benefits using the updated net premium ratios as of the beginning of the reporting period in which the assumptions are updated and record the change from the remeasurement as gains or losses in life insurance costs in the consolidated statements of income. For periods subsequent to the remeasurement, certain subsidiaries calculate the liabilities for future policy benefits using updated net premium ratios. If net premiums exceed gross premiums, the liabilities for future policy benefits are increased and the excess is recognized immediately in earnings through life insurance costs in the consolidated statement of income.

Certain subsidiaries use a yield curve based on the yields on single-A rated fixed-income instruments as upper-medium grade fixed-income instrument yields with durations similar to the liabilities for future policy benefits to determine discount rate assumptions. The yields on single-A rated fixed-income instruments are referenced in the index provided by a third-party pricing vendor. The discount rate assumptions are updated quarterly and are used for remeasurement of the liability at the reporting date. Changes in the liabilities for future policy benefits resulting from updates of discount rate assumptions are recognized in other comprehensive income (loss), net of applicable income tax. For periods beyond the observable period of the referenced index, the discount rate yield curve beyond the observable period of the referenced index is interpolated to the ultimate forward rate using the Smith-Wilson method.

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The insurance contracts sold by certain subsidiaries include variable annuity, variable life, single-payment whole life insurance and fixed annuity insurance contracts. Certain subsidiaries manage investment assets on behalf of variable annuity and variable life policyholders, which consist of equity securities and are included in investment in securities in the consolidated balance sheets. These investment assets are measured at fair value with realized and unrealized gains or losses recognized in life insurance premiums and related investment income in the consolidated statements of income. Certain subsidiaries elected the fair value option for the entire variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts with changes in the fair value recognized in life insurance costs.

Certain subsidiaries provide minimum guarantees to variable annuity and variable life policyholders under which it is exposed to the risk of compensating losses incurred by the policyholders to the extent contractually required. To mitigate the risk, a portion of the minimum guaranteed risk related to variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts is ceded to reinsurance companies and the remaining risk is economically hedged by entering into derivative contracts. The reinsurance contracts do not relieve certain subsidiaries from the obligation as the primary obligor to compensate certain losses incurred by the policyholders, and the default of the reinsurance companies may impose additional losses on certain subsidiaries. Certain subsidiaries have elected the fair value option for certain reinsurance contracts relating to variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts, which are included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheets.

Policy liabilities and policy account balances for single-payment whole life insurance and fixed annuity insurance contracts are measured based on the single-premiums plus interest based on expected rate, less withdrawals, expenses and other charges. The credited interest is recorded in life insurance costs in the consolidated statements of income.

Certain costs related directly to the successful acquisition of new or renewal insurance contracts are deferred. Deferred policy acquisition costs consist primarily of agent commissions, except for policy maintenance costs, and underwriting expenses. For amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs, insurance contracts are grouped by contract year, currency, payment method (full term payment or limited payment) and product category, using the same contract groupings for the calculation of the liabilities for future policy benefits. Insurance contracts for which the liabilities for future policy benefits are not calculated are grouped by policy year, currency, and product category.

Deferred policy acquisition costs are amortized at constant-level basis for each cohort over the expected term of the policies, and the amortization is recorded in life insurance costs in the consolidated statements of income.

For all cohorts, the number of policies in force for the amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs is projected using mortality and lapse rates estimated based on historical experience, industry data and other factors, which are consistent with those assumptions used for calculating the liabilities for future policy benefits. When mortality and lapse rates are updated, the effects on the amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs are derived by updating the projected number of policies in force and recognized prospectively over the expected term of the policies.

Certain reinsurance commissions (income) corresponding to expenses related directly to the successful acquisition of new or renewal of insurance contracts are similarly deferred and amortized in accordance with the above. These amounts are deducted from the unamortized balance of deferred acquisition costs related to the contracts subject to the reinsurance contract.

(f) Allowance for credit losses

The allowance for credit losses estimates credit losses expected to occur in the future over the remaining life of net investment in leases, financial assets measured at amortized cost, such as installment loans and other receivables, and is recognized based on management judgement. Expected prepayments are reflected in the remaining life. The allowance for credit losses is increased by provision charged to income and is decreased by charge-offs, net of recoveries mainly.

Developing the allowance for credit losses is subject to numerous estimates and judgments. In evaluating the appropriateness of the allowance, management considers various factors, including the business characteristics and financial conditions of the obligors, prior charge-off experience, current delinquencies and delinquency trends, value of underlying collateral and guarantees, current economic and business conditions and expected outlook in the future.

The Company and its subsidiaries estimate the allowance for credit losses by using various methods according to these estimates and judgments. When certain financial assets have similar risk characteristics to other financial assets, these financial assets are collectively evaluated as a pool. On the contrary, when financial assets do not have similar risk characteristics to other financial assets, the financial assets are evaluated individually. The Company and its subsidiaries select the most appropriate calculation method based on available information, such as the nature and related risk characteristics on financial assets, the prior charge-off experience and future forecast scenario with correlated economic indicators.

The Company and its subsidiaries charge off doubtful receivables when the likelihood of any future collection is believed to be minimal considering debtors’ creditworthiness and the liquidation status of collateral, etc.

In addition, if the entity has a present contractual obligation to extend the credit and the obligation is not unconditionally cancelable by the entity, credit losses related the loan commitments of installment loans and financial guarantees are in the scope of the allowance for credit losses. For the loan commitments of installment loans and credit losses are recognized on the loan commitments for the portion expected to be drawn. For financial guarantees, the allowance is recognized for the contingent obligation which generates credit risk exposures. These allowance for off-balance sheet credit exposures is measured using the same measurement objectives as the allowance for loans and net investment leases, considering quantitative and qualitative factors including historical loss experience, current economic and business conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The allowance for off-balance sheet credit exposure is accounted for in other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.

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(g) Impairment of long-lived assets

The Company and its subsidiaries perform a recoverability test for long-lived assets to be held and used in operations, including tangible assets and intangible assets being depreciated or amortized, consisting primarily of office buildings, condominiums, aircraft, ships, mega solar facilities and other properties under facility operations, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the assets might be impaired. The assets are considered not recoverable when the undiscounted future cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than the carrying amount of those assets. The carrying amount of assets not recoverable is reduced to fair value if lower than the carrying amount. The Company and its subsidiaries determine the fair value using appraisals prepared by independent third party appraisers or our own staff of qualified appraisers, and others based on recent transactions involving sales of similar assets or other valuation techniques such as discounted cash flows methodologies using future cash flows estimated to be generated from operation of the existing assets or completion of development projects, as appropriate.

(h) Investment in securities

Equity securities are generally reported at fair value with unrealized gains and losses included in income. Equity securities without readily determinable fair values are recorded at fair value at its cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes under the election of the measurement alternative, except for investments which are valued at net asset value per share.

Equity securities elected to apply the measurement alternative are written down to its fair value with losses included in income if a qualitative assessment indicates that the investment is impaired and the fair value of the investment is less than its carrying value.

In addition, investments are recorded at fair value with unrealized gains and losses included in income if certain subsidiaries elect the fair value option.

Trading debt securities are reported at fair value with unrealized gains and losses included in income.

Available-for-sale debt securities are reported at fair value, and unrealized gains or losses are recorded in other comprehensive income (loss), net of applicable income taxes, except for investments which are recorded at fair value with unrealized gains and losses included in income by electing the fair value option.

For available-for-sale debt securities, if the fair value is less than the amortized cost, the debt securities are impaired. The Company and its subsidiaries identify per each impaired security whether the decline of fair value is due to credit losses component or non-credit losses component. Impairment related to credit losses is recognized in earnings through an allowance for credit losses. Impairment related to other factors than credit losses is recognized in other comprehensive income (loss), net of applicable income taxes. In estimating an allowance for credit losses, the Company and its subsidiaries consider that credit losses exist when the present value of estimated cash flows is less than the amortized cost basis. When the Company and its subsidiaries intend to sell the debt securities for which an allowance for credit losses is previously established or it is more likely than not that the Company and its subsidiaries will be required to sell the debt securities before recovery of the amortized cost basis, the allowance for credit losses is fully written off and the amortized cost is reduced to the fair value after recognizing additional impairment in earnings. In addition, the Company and its subsidiaries recognize in earnings the full difference between the amortized cost and the fair value of the debt securities by direct write-down, without any allowance for credit losses, if the debt securities are expected to be sold and the fair value is less than the amortized cost.

(i) Income taxes

The Company, in general, determines its provision for income taxes for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025 by applying the estimated effective tax rate for the full fiscal year to the actual year-to-date income before income taxes. The estimated effective tax rate is determined by dividing the estimated provision for income taxes for the full fiscal year by the estimated income before income taxes for the full fiscal year.

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At the fiscal year end, income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases, and for tax loss carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the year in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rate is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. The Company and its subsidiaries release to earnings stranded income tax effects in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) resulting from changes in tax laws or rates or changes in judgment about realization of a valuation allowance, on a specific identification basis when the individual items are completely sold or terminated, or on a portfolio basis, under which the remaining tax effects are allocated across the entire portfolio of similar items and recognized when the entire portfolio is liquidated. A valuation allowance is recognized if, based on the weight of available evidence, it is “more likely than not” that some portion or all of the deferred tax asset will not be realized.

The effective income tax rates for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025 were approximately 29.1 % and 29.8 %, respectively. For the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025, the Company and its subsidiaries in Japan were subject to a National Corporate tax of approximately 24 %, an Inhabitant tax of approximately 2 % and a deductible Enterprise tax of approximately 5 %, which in the aggregate result in a statutory income tax rate of approximately 31.5 %. The effective income tax rate is different from the statutory tax rate primarily because of certain nondeductible expenses for tax purposes, non-taxable income for tax purposes, changes in valuation allowance, the effect of lower tax rates on certain subsidiaries and the effect of investor taxes on earnings of subsidiaries. The Company and its certain subsidiaries have applied Japanese Group Relief System for National Corporation tax purposes.

The Company and its subsidiaries file tax returns in Japan and certain foreign tax jurisdictions and recognize the financial statement effects of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return when it is more likely than not, based on the technical merits, that the position will be sustained upon tax examination, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation processes, and measure tax positions that meet the recognition threshold at the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely to be realized upon settlement with the taxing authority. The Company and its subsidiaries present an unrecognized tax benefit as either a reduction of a deferred tax asset or a liability, based on the intended method of settlement. The Company and its subsidiaries classify penalties and interest expense related to income taxes as part of provision for income taxes in the consolidated statements of income.

(j) Securitized assets

The Company and its subsidiaries have securitized and sold to investors various financial assets such as lease receivables and loan receivables. In the securitization process, the assets to be securitized are sold to SPEs that issue asset-backed beneficial interests and securities to the investors.

SPEs used in securitization transactions are consolidated if the Company and its subsidiaries are the primary beneficiary of the SPEs, and the transfers of the financial assets to those consolidated SPEs are not accounted for as sales. Assets held by consolidated SPEs continue to be accounted for as lease receivables or loan receivables, as they were before the transfer, and asset-backed beneficial interests and securities issued to the investors are accounted for as debt. When the Company and its subsidiaries have transferred financial assets to a transferee that is not subject to consolidation, the Company and its subsidiaries account for the transfer as a sale if control over the transferred assets is surrendered.

The Company and certain subsidiaries originate and sell loans into the secondary market, while retaining the obligation to service those loans. In addition, a certain subsidiary undertakes obligations to service loans originated by others. The subsidiary recognizes servicing assets if it expects the benefit of servicing to more than adequately compensate it for performing the servicing or recognizes servicing liabilities if it expects the benefit of servicing to less than adequately compensate it. These servicing assets and liabilities are initially recognized at fair value and subsequently accounted for using the amortization method whereby the assets and liabilities are amortized in proportion to and over the period of estimated net servicing income or net servicing loss. On a quarterly basis, servicing assets and liabilities are evaluated for impairment or increased obligations. The fair value of servicing assets and liabilities is estimated using an internal valuation model, or by obtaining an opinion of value from an independent third-party vendor. Both methods are based on calculating the present value of estimated future net servicing cash flows, taking into consideration discount rates, prepayment rates and servicing costs. The internal valuation model is validated at least semiannually through third-party valuations.

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(k) Derivative financial instruments

The Company and its subsidiaries recognize all derivatives on the consolidated balance sheets at fair value. The accounting treatment of subsequent changes in the fair value depends on their use, and whether they qualify as effective “hedges” for accounting purposes. Derivatives for the purpose of trading or economic hedge that are not qualified for hedge accounting are adjusted to fair value through the consolidated statements of income. If derivatives are qualified for hedge accounting, then depending on its nature, changes in its fair value will be either offset against changes in the fair value of hedged assets or liabilities through the consolidated statements of income, or recorded in other comprehensive income (loss), net of applicable income taxes.

If a derivative is held as a hedge of the variability of fair value related to a recognized asset or liability or an unrecognized firm commitment (“fair value” hedge), changes in the fair value of the derivative are recorded in earnings along with the changes in the fair value of the hedged item.

If a derivative is held as a hedge of the variability of cash flows related to a forecasted transaction or a recognized asset or liability (“cash flow” hedge), changes in the fair value of the derivative are recorded in other comprehensive income (loss), net of applicable income taxes, until earnings are affected by the variability in cash flows of the designated hedged item.

If a derivative is held as a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation, changes in the fair value of the derivative are recorded in the foreign currency translation adjustments account within other comprehensive income (loss), net of applicable income taxes.

The Company and its subsidiaries select either the amortization approach or the fair value approach, depending on the type of hedging activity, for the initial value of the component excluded from the assessment of effectiveness, and recognize it through the consolidated statements of income. When the amortization approach is adopted, the change in fair value is recognized in earnings using a systematic and rational method over the life of the hedging instrument and then any difference between the change in fair value and the amount recognized in earnings is recognized in other comprehensive income (loss), net of applicable income taxes. When the fair value approach is adopted, the change in the fair value is immediately recognized through the consolidated statements of income.

For all hedging relationships that are designated and qualified for hedge accounting, at the inception of the hedge, the Company and its subsidiaries formally document the details of the hedging relationship and the hedging activity. The Company and its subsidiaries formally assess, both at the hedge’s inception and on an ongoing basis, the effectiveness of the hedge relationship. The Company and its subsidiaries cease hedge accounting prospectively when the derivative no longer qualifies for hedge accounting.

(l) Pension plans

The Company and certain subsidiaries have contributory and non-contributory pension plans covering substantially all of their employees. Among the plans, the costs of defined benefit pension plans are accrued based on amounts determined using actuarial methods, with assumptions of discount rate, rate of increase in compensation level, expected long-term rate of return on plan assets and others.

The Company and its subsidiaries also recognize the funded status of pension plans, measured as the difference between the fair value of plan assets and the benefit obligation, on the consolidated balance sheets. Changes in that funded status are recognized in the year in which the changes occur through other comprehensive income (loss), net of applicable income taxes.

(m) Stock-based compensation

In principle, the Company and its subsidiaries measure stock-based compensation expense as consideration for services provided by employees based on the fair value on the grant date. The costs are recognized over the requisite service period.

(n) Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, deposits placed with banks and short-term highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.

(o) Installment loans

Certain loans, for which the Company and its subsidiaries have the intent and ability to sell to outside parties in the foreseeable future, are considered held for sale and are carried at the lower of cost or market value determined on an individual basis, except loans held for sale for which the fair value option was elected. A subsidiary elected the fair value option on its loans held for sale. The subsidiary enters into forward sale agreements to offset the change in the fair value of loans held for sale, and the election of the fair value option allows the subsidiary to recognize both the change in the fair value of the loans and the change in the fair value of the forward sale agreements due to changes in interest rates in the same accounting period.

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Loans held for sale are included in installment loans, and the outstanding balances of these loans as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025 were ¥ 111,527 million and ¥ 95,050 million, respectively. There were ¥ 97,694 million and ¥ 85,724 million of l oans held for sale as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, respectively, measured at fair value by electing the fair value option.

(p) Property under facility operations

Property under facility operations consist primarily of operating facilities (including hotels) and environmental assets (including mega solar and wind power plants), which are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation, and depreciation is calculated mainly on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Accumulated depreciation was ¥ 238,185 million and ¥ 245,560 million as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, respectively.

(q) Inventories

Inventories consist primarily of residential condominiums under development, completed residential condominiums (including those waiting to be delivered to buyers under the contract for sale), and merchandise for sale. Residential condominiums under development are carried at cost less any impairment losses, and completed residential condominiums and merchandise for sale are stated at the lower of cost or fair value less cost to sell. The cost of inventories that are unique and not interchangeable is determined on the specific identification method and the cost of other inventories is principally determined on the average method. As of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, residential condominiums under development were ¥ 116,416 million and ¥ 122,566 million, respectively, and completed residential condominiums and merchandise for sale were ¥ 112,813 million and ¥ 117,811 million, respectively.

(r) Office facilities

Office facilities are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is calculated on a declining-balance basis or straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Accumulated depreciation was ¥ 65,155 million and ¥ 67,666 million as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, respectively.

(s) Right-of-use assets

The Company and its subsidiaries record the Right-of-use assets (hereinafter, “ROU assets”) recognized from the lessee’s lease transaction as investment in operating leases, property under facility operations and office facilities. Lease liabilities are included in other liabilities.

ROU assets consist of the amount of the initial measurement of the lease liability and any lease payments made to the lessor at or before the commencement date and stated at cost less accumulated amortization. The initial measurement of the lease liability is at the present value of the lease payments not yet paid, discounted using the lessee’s incremental borrowing rate at lease commencement. ROU assets of finance leases are amortized mainly on a straight-line basis over the lease term. ROU assets of operating leases are amortized over the lease term by the fixed term operating cost minus the interest cost. Amortization of ROU assets of finance leases and operating leases expenses are included in costs of operating leases, services expense and selling, general and administrative expenses.

(t) Other assets

Other assets consist primarily of goodwill and other intangible assets in acquisitions, reinsurance recoverables in relation to reinsurance contracts, deferred insurance policy acquisition costs which are amortized over the contract periods, leasehold deposits, advance payments made in relation to construction of real estate under operating leases and property under facility operations, prepaid benefit cost, prepaid expenses for property tax, maintenance fees and insurance premiums in relation to lease contracts, servicing assets, derivative assets, contract assets related to real estate contract works and deferred tax assets.

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(u) Business combinations

The Company and its subsidiaries account for all business combinations using the acquisition method. Under the acquisition method, the assets acquired and liabilities assumed are recognized and measured based on their fair values at the date control is obtained. The Company and its subsidiaries recognize intangible assets acquired in a business combination apart from goodwill if the intangible assets meet one of two criteria—either the contractual-legal criterion or the separately identifiable criterion. Goodwill is measured as an excess of the aggregate of consideration transferred and the fair value of noncontrolling interests over the net of the acquisition-date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed in the business combination measured at fair value. The Company and its subsidiaries would recognize a bargain purchase gain when the amount of recognized net assets exceeds the sum of consideration transferred and the fair value of noncontrolling interests. In a business combination achieved in stages, the Company and its subsidiaries remeasure their previously held equity interest at their acquisition-date fair value and recognize the resulting gain or loss, if any, in earnings.

The measurement of the fair value of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination may require significant judgments, assumptions, and estimates. For intangible assets acquired in a business combination, when observable market values are not available, the Company and its subsidiaries measure fair value using valuation techniques such as the excess earnings method and the royalty exemption method, which use future sales growth rates, operating margins, discount rates, etc.

(v) Goodwill and other intangible assets

The Company and its subsidiaries perform an impairment test for goodwill and any indefinite-lived intangible assets at least annually. Additionally, if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired, the Company and its subsidiaries test for impairment whenever such events or changes occur.

The Company and its subsidiaries have the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount before we perform a quantitative goodwill impairment test. The Company and its subsidiaries perform the qualitative assessment for some goodwill but bypass the qualitative assessment and proceed directly to the quantitative impairment test for other goodwill. For the goodwill for which the qualitative assessment is performed, if, after assessing the totality of events or circumstances, the Company and/or subsidiaries determine that it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then the Company and/or subsidiaries do not perform the quantitative goodwill impairment test. However, if the Company and/or subsidiaries conclude otherwise or determine to bypass the qualitative assessment, the Company and/or subsidiaries proceed to perform the quantitative goodwill impairment test. The quantitative goodwill impairment test calculates the fair value of the reporting unit and compares the fair value with the carrying amount of the reporting unit. If the fair value of the reporting unit falls below its carrying amount, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to the difference. The Company and its subsidiaries test the goodwill at the reporting unit which is either the same level as an operating segment level or one level below an operating segment.

The Company and its subsidiaries have the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that an indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired before we perform a quantitative impairment test. The Company and its subsidiaries perform the qualitative assessment for some indefinite-lived intangible assets but bypass the qualitative assessment and perform the quantitative impairment test for other indefinite-lived intangible assets. For those indefinite-lived intangible assets for which the qualitative assessment is performed, if, after assessing the totality of events and circumstances, the Company and/or subsidiaries conclude that it is not more likely than not that the indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired, then the Company and/or subsidiaries do not perform the quantitative impairment test. However, if the Company and/or subsidiaries conclude otherwise or determine to bypass the qualitative assessment, the Company and/or subsidiaries calculate the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset and perform the quantitative impairment test. We compare the fair value with the carrying amount of the indefinite-lived intangible asset. If the carrying amount of the indefinite-lived intangible asset exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess.

Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over their useful lives and tested for impairment. The Company and its subsidiaries perform a recoverability test for the intangible assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the assets might be impaired. The intangible assets are considered not recoverable when the undiscounted future cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than the carrying amount of those assets, and the net carrying amount of assets not recoverable is reduced to fair value if lower than the carrying amount and an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to the difference.

The amount of goodwill was ¥ 621,858 million and ¥ 783,996 million as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, respectively.

The amount of other intangible assets was ¥ 525,411 million and ¥ 551,157 million as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, respectively.

(w) Other Liabilities

Other liabilities include primarily lease liabilities recognized from the lessee’s lease transaction, accrued expenses related to interest and bonus, accrued benefit liability, advances received from lessees in relation to lease contracts, deposits received from real estate transaction, contract liabilities mainly related to automobile maintenance services and maintenance services of software, measurement equipment and other, and derivative liabilities and allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet credit exposures.

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(x) Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to ORIX Corporation shareholders by the weighted average number of shares of outstanding common stock in each period. Diluted earnings per share is calculated by reflecting the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts issuing common stock were exercised or converted into common stock.

(y) Redeemable noncontrolling interests

Noncontrolling interests in a certain subsidiary are redeemable interests which are subject to call and put rights upon certain equity holder events. As redemption of the noncontrolling interest is not solely in the control of the subsidiary, it is recorded between liab il ities and equity on the consolidated balance sheets at its estimated redemption value.

(z) New accounting pronouncements

In November 2023, Accounting Standards Update 2023-07 (“Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures”) was issued. This update requires improved disclosures for reportable segments, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. This update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company and its subsidiaries adopted this update on April 1, 2024 for the fiscal year and on April 1, 2025 for the interim periods. Since this update relates to disclosure requirements, the adoption had no material impact on the Company and its subsidiaries’ results of operations or financial position.

In December 2023, Accounting Standards Update 2023-08 (“Accounting for and Disclosure of Crypto Assets”—Subtopic 350-60 (“Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Crypto Assets”)) was issued. This update requires that crypto assets within the scope of this Subtopic generally be remeasured at fair value at the end of the reporting period and that changes in carrying amount due to remeasurement be recognized in the income statement. It also requires new disclosures about crypto assets within the scope of this Subtopic. This update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company and its subsidiaries adopted this update on April 1, 2025. The adoption of this update had no material impact on the Company and its subsidiaries’ results of operations or financial position, as well as disclosures.

In December 2023, Accounting Standards Update 2023-09 (“Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures”— ASC 740 (“Income Taxes”)) was issued. This update requires annual disclosure of income taxes. It requires disclosure of specific categories in the rate reconciliation and separate disclosure and additional information for reconciliation items that are equal to or greater than 5% of the amount computed by multiplying income (or loss) before income taxes by the applicable statutory income tax rate. It also requires disclosure of the amount of income taxes paid disaggregated by national, local and foreign. Additionally, it requires separate disclosure of the amount of income taxes paid disaggregated by each tax jurisdiction in which income taxes paid is equal to or greater than 5% of the total income taxes paid. This update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company and its subsidiaries adopted this update that requires annual disclosures on April 1, 2025. Since this update relates to disclosure requirements, the adoption will not have an effect on the Company and its subsidiaries’ results of operations or financial position.

In March 2024, Accounting Standards Update 2024-01 (“Scope Application of Profits Interest and Similar Awards”— ASC 718 (“Compensation—Stock Compensation”)) was issued. This update clarifies how an entity should apply the scope guidance to determine whether profits interest and similar awards (“profits interests awards” from hereafter) should be accounted for in accordance with ASC 718 (“Compensation—Stock Compensation”). This update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. This update will either be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements or prospectively to profits interest and similar awards granted or modified on or after the date at which the entity first applies the amendments. The Company and its subsidiaries adopted this update on April 1, 2025 choosing the option to apply the update prospectively to profits interest and similar awards granted or modified on or after the date at which the entity first applies the amendments. The adoption of this update had no material impact on the Company and its subsidiaries’ results of operations or financial position, as well as disclosures.

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In November 2024, Accounting Standards Update 2024-03 (“Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures”—(Subtopic 220-40)) was issued, and related update clarifying effective date was issued thereafter. This update requires that entities disclose purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation, intangible asset amortization and depletion for each income statement line item that contains those expenses. It also requires specified expenses, gains or losses that are already disclosed under existing US GAAP to be included in the disclosure of the relevant expense captions, and any remaining amounts to be described qualitatively. Additionally, separate disclosures of total selling expenses and its definition are also required. This update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026 and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2027, and early adoption is permitted. This update will either be applied prospectively to financial statements issued for reporting periods after the effective date or retrospectively to any or all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company and its subsidiaries will adopt this update on April 1, 2027 for annual disclosure and on April 1, 2028 for interim disclosure. The Company and its subsidiaries are currently evaluating the effect that the adoption of this update will have on the Company and its subsidiaries’ disclosures.

In November 2024, Accounting Standards Update 2024-04 (“Induced Conversions of Convertible Debt Instruments”—Subtopic 470-20 (“Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options”)) was issued. This update clarifies the application requirements for accounting treatment when conversions are induced by incentives. This update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025, and interim periods within those fiscal years, and early adoption is permitted. The Company and its subsidiaries will adopt this update on April 1, 2026. The Company and its subsidiaries are currently evaluating the effect that the adoption of this update will have on the Company and its subsidiaries’ results of operations or financial position, as well as disclosures.

In May 2025, Accounting Standards Update 2025-03 (“Determining the Accounting Acquirer in the Acquisition of a Variable Interest Entity”—ASC 805 (“Business Combinations”), ASC 810 (“Consolidation”)) was issued. This update requires an entity involved in an acquisition transaction effected primarily by exchanging equity interests when the legal acquiree is a VIE that meets the definition of a business to consider the factors in the guidance of Subtopic 805-10 (“Business Combinations—Overall”) to determine which entity is the accounting acquirer. This update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. This update requires that an entity apply the new guidance prospectively to any acquisition transaction that occurs after the initial application date. The Company and its subsidiaries will adopt this update on April 1, 2027. The Company and its subsidiaries are currently evaluating the effect that the adoption of this update will have on the Company and its subsidiaries’ results of operations or financial position.

In May 2025, Accounting Standards Update 2025-04 (“Clarifications to Share-Based Consideration Payable to a Customer”—ASC 718 (“Compensation—Stock Compensation”), ASC 606 (“Revenue from Contracts with Customers”)) was issued. This update revised the definition of the term performance conditions for share-based consideration payable to a customer, including conditions based on the volume or monetary amount of a customer’s purchase of goods or services. When share-based consideration payable to a customer included service conditions, it eliminated the policy election permitting the entity to account for forfeitures as they occur, and the entity is required to estimate the number of forfeitures expected to occur. Additionally, it clarifies that share-based consideration payable to a customer is not subject to the constraint on estimates of variable consideration in ASC 606. This update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. This update will either be applied using a modified retrospective approach, with a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the fiscal year of adoption, or retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company and its subsidiaries will adopt this update on April 1, 2027. The Company and its subsidiaries are currently evaluating the effect that the adoption of this update will have on the Company and its subsidiaries’ results of operations or financial position, as well as disclosures.

In July 2025, Accounting Standards Update 2025-05 (“Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets”—ASC 326 (“Financial Instruments—Credit Losses”)) was issued. This update revised the guidance for estimating expected credit losses on trade receivables and contract assets arising from transactions within the scope of ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The amendments allow all entities to apply a practical expedient when developing reasonable and supportable forecasts for credit loss estimates. Under this expedient, entities may assume that the economic conditions existing as of the reporting date will remain unchanged over the remaining life of the financial asset. Nevertheless, entities are required to adjust historical loss information to reflect current conditions if those conditions differ from those in the historical data. This update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. This update requires that an entity apply the new guidance prospectively. The Company and its subsidiaries will adopt this update on April 1, 2026. The Company and its subsidiaries are currently evaluating the effect that the adoption of this update will have on the Company and its subsidiaries’ results of operations or financial position, as well as disclosures.

In September 2025, Accounting Standards Update 2025-06 (“Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software”—Subtopic 350-40 (“Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software”)) was issued. This update eliminates accounting consideration of software project stages and requires capitalization to begin when management has authorized and committed to funding the software project and it is probable that the project will be completed and the software will be used to perform the function intended. This update also requires that capitalized internal-use software costs are subject to the disclosure requirements under Subtopic 360-10 (“Property, Plant, and Equipment”), regardless of how such those costs are presented in the financial statements. Furthermore, it also modifies the website development costs guidance by eliminating Subtopic 350-50 and relocating any remaining relevant guidance into Subtopic 350-40. This update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. This update will either be applied to a prospective transition approach, a modified transition approach, under which a cumulative-effect adjustment is recognized in retained earnings as of the beginning of the adoption period, or retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company and its subsidiaries will adopt this update on April 1, 2028. The Company and its subsidiaries are currently evaluating the effect that the adoption of this update will have on the Company and its subsidiaries’ results of operations, financial position, and disclosures.

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Fair Value Measurements

The Company and its subsidiaries classify and prioritize inputs used in valuation techniques to measure fair value into the following three levels:

Level 1 —	Inputs of quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date.
Level 2 —	Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the assets or liabilities, either directly or indirectly.
Level 3 —	Unobservable inputs for the assets or liabilities.

The Company and its subsidiaries differentiate between those assets and liabilities required to be carried at fair value at every reporting period (“recurring”) and those assets and liabilities that are only required to be adjusted to fair value under certain circumstances (“nonrecurring”). The Company and its subsidiaries mainly measure certain loans held for sale, trading debt securities, available-for-sale debt securities, certain equity securities, derivatives, certain reinsurance recoverables, variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts, and certain accounts payable at fair value on a recurring basis.

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The following tables present recorded amounts of major financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025:

March 31, 2025

	Millions of yen — Total Carrying Value in Consolidated Balance Sheets		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets or Liabilities (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Assets:
Loans held for sale*1	¥	97,694	¥	0	¥	29,900	¥	67,794
Available-for-sale debt securities:		2,607,637		12,243		2,377,740		217,654
Japanese and foreign government bond securities*2		1,092,526		7,510		1,085,016		0
Japanese prefectural and foreign municipal bond securities		406,830		0		395,952		10,878
Corporate debt securities*3		802,545		4,733		793,560		4,252
CMBS and RMBS in the Americas		106,751		0		99,669		7,082
Other asset-backed securities and debt securities		198,985		0		3,543		195,442
Equity securities45		418,690		137,014		119,466		162,210
Derivative assets:		64,170		361		54,992		8,817
Interest rate swap agreements		17,869		0		17,869		0
Options held/written and other		15,767		0		6,950		8,817
Futures, foreign exchange contracts		20,964		361		20,603		0
Foreign currency swap agreements		9,570		0		9,570		0
Netting*6		( 20,495	)	—		—		—
Net derivative assets		43,675		—		—		—
Other assets:		2,586		0		0		2,586
Reinsurance recoverables*7		2,586		0		0		2,586
Total	¥	3,190,777	¥	149,618	¥	2,582,098	¥	459,061
Liabilities:
Derivative liabilities:	¥	56,038	¥	129	¥	55,257	¥	652
Interest rate swap agreements		2,774		0		2,774		0
Options held/written and other		13,715		0		13,063		652
Futures, foreign exchange contracts		39,387		129		39,258		0
Foreign currency swap agreements		159		0		159		0
Credit derivatives written		3		0		3		0
Netting*6		( 20,495	)	—		—		—
Net derivative Liabilities		35,543		—		—		—
Policy Liabilities and Policy Account Balances:		136,257		0		0		136,257
Variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts*8		136,257		0		0		136,257
Accounts Payable		15,259		0		0		15,259
Contingent Consideration		15,259		0		0		15,259
Total	¥	207,554	¥	129	¥	55,257	¥	152,168

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September 30, 2025

	Millions of yen — Total Carrying Value in Consolidated Balance Sheets		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets or Liabilities (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Assets:
Loans held for sale*1	¥	85,724	¥	0	¥	33,128	¥	52,596
Trading debt securities		834		0		834		0
Available-for-sale debt securities:		2,703,054		8,917		2,401,367		292,770
Japanese and foreign government bond securities*2		1,058,282		3,705		1,054,577		0
Japanese prefectural and foreign municipal bond securities		409,965		0		399,548		10,417
Corporate debt securities*3		941,119		5,212		815,639		120,268
CMBS and RMBS in the Americas		132,296		0		125,258		7,038
Other asset-backed securities and debt securities		161,392		0		6,345		155,047
Equity securities45		446,978		127,195		136,746		183,037
Derivative assets:		84,038		61		75,132		8,845
Interest rate swap agreements		17,841		0		17,841		0
Options held/written and other		15,878		0		7,033		8,845
Futures, foreign exchange contracts		34,213		61		34,152		0
Foreign currency swap agreements		16,098		0		16,098		0
Credit derivatives held		8		0		8		0
Netting*6		( 37,649	)	—		—		—
Net derivative assets		46,389		—		—		—
Other assets:		1,515		0		0		1,515
Reinsurance recoverables*7		1,515		0		0		1,515
Total	¥	3,322,143	¥	136,173	¥	2,647,207	¥	538,763
Liabilities:
Derivative liabilities:	¥	74,391	¥	200	¥	73,410	¥	781
Interest rate swap agreements		2,845		0		2,845		0
Options held/written and other		19,618		0		18,837		781
Futures, foreign exchange contracts		51,354		200		51,154		0
Foreign currency swap agreements		573		0		573		0
Credit derivatives written		1		0		1		0
Netting*6		( 37,649	)	—		—		—
Net derivative Liabilities		36,742		—		—		—
Policy Liabilities and Policy Account Balances:		142,700		0		0		142,700
Variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts*8		142,700		0		0		142,700
Accounts Payable		18,168		0		0		18,168
Contingent Consideration		18,168		0		0		18,168
Total	¥	235,259	¥	200	¥	73,410	¥	161,649

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*1 A certain subsidiary elected the fair value option on certain loans held for sale. These loans are multi-family and seniors housing loans and are sold to Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”), Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”) and institutional investors. Included in “Other (income) and expense” in the consolidated statements of income were a gain of ¥ 451 million and a loss o f ¥ 1,077 million from the change in the fair value of the loans for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025, respectively. No gains or losses were recognized in earnings during the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025 attributable to changes in instrument-specific credit risk. The amounts of aggregate unpaid principal balance and aggregate fair value of the loans held for sale as of March 31, 2025, were ¥ 98,135 million and ¥ 97,694 million, respectively, and the amount of the aggregate fair value was less than the amount of aggregate unpaid principal balance by ¥ 441 million. The amounts of aggregate unpaid principal balance and aggregate fair value of the loans held for sale as of September 30, 2025, were ¥ 85,865 million and ¥ 85,724 million, respectively, and the amount of the aggregate fair value was less than the amount of aggregate unpaid principal balance by ¥ 141 million. The amounts of aggregate unpaid principal balance and aggregate fair value of loans that are 90 days or more past due or, in non-accrual status as of March 31, 2025, were ¥ 17,098 million and ¥ 16,346 million, respectively, and the amount of the aggregate fair value was less than the amount of aggregate unpaid principal balance by ¥ 752 million. The amounts of aggregate unpaid principal balance and aggregate fair value of loans that are 90 days or more past due or, in non-accrual status as of September 30, 2025, were ¥ 11,635 million and ¥ 11,192 million, respectively, and the amount of the aggregate fair value was less than the amount of aggregate unpaid principal balance by ¥ 443 million.

*2 A certain subsidiary elected the fair value option for investments in foreign government bond securities included in available-for-sale debt securities. Included in “Gains on investment securities and dividends” in the consolidated statements of income were gains of ¥ 41 million and ¥ 90 million from the change in the fair value of those investments for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025, respectively. The amounts of aggregate fair value elected the fair value option were ¥ 5,379 million and ¥ 5,335 million as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, respectively.

*3 A certain subsidiary elected the fair value option for investments in foreign corporate debt securities included in available-for-sale debt securities. Included in “Gains on investment securities and dividends” in the consolidated statements of income were gains of ¥ 415 million and ¥ 365 million from the change in the fair value of those investments for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025, respectively. The amounts of aggregate fair value elected the fair value option were ¥ 10,679 million and ¥ 11,676 million as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, respectively.

*4 Certain subsidiaries elected the fair value option for certain investments in investment funds included in equity securities. Included in “Gains on investment securities and dividends” and “Life insurance premiums and related investment income” in the consolidated statements of income were gains of ¥ 1,799 million and ¥ 1,206 million from the change in the fair value of those investments for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025, respectively. The amounts of aggregate fair value elected the fair value option were ¥ 24,960 million and ¥ 24,488 million as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, respectively.

*5 The amounts of investment funds measured at net asset value per share which are not included in the above tables were ¥ 118,666 million and ¥ 140,587 million as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, respectively.

*6 It represents the amount offset under counterparty netting of derivative assets and liabilities.

*7 Certain subsidiaries elected the fair value option for certain reinsurance contracts held. The fair value of the reinsurance contracts elected for the fair value option in other assets were ¥ 2,586 million and ¥ 1,515 million as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, respectively. For the effect of changes in the fair value of those reinsurance contracts on earnings during the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025, see Note 17 “Income and Expenses Relating to Life Insurance Operations.”

*8 Certain subsidiaries elected the fair value option for the entire variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts held. The fair value of the variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts elected for the fair value option in policy liabilities and policy account balances were ¥ 136,257 million and ¥ 142,700 million as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, respectively. For the effect of changes in the fair value of the variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts on earnings during the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025, see Note 17 “Income and Expenses Relating to Life Insurance Operations.”

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The following tables present the reconciliation of financial assets and liabilities (net) measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025:

Six months ended September 30, 2024

	Millions of yen
	Balance at April 1, 2024		Gains or losses (realized/unrealized)									Purchases*3		Sales		Settlements*4			Transfers in and/ or out of Level 3 (net)		Balance at September 30, 2024		Change in unrealized gains or losses included in earnings for assets and liabilities still held at September 30, 2024*1		Change in unrealized gains or losses included in other comprehensive income for assets and liabilities still held at September 30, 2024*2
			Included in earnings*1			Included in other comprehensive income*2			Total
Loans held for sale	¥	96,566	¥	( 222	)	¥	( 4,910	)	¥	( 5,132	)	¥	453	¥	0	¥	( 8,837	)	¥	0	¥	83,050	¥	56	¥	( 4,910	)
Available-for-sale debt securities		319,297		( 3,251	)		( 6,019	)		( 9,270	)		65,240		( 50,630	)	( 88,336	)		0		236,301		( 3,649	)	25,351
Japanese prefectural and foreign municipal bond securities		10,922		( 61	)		( 476	)		( 537	)		0		0		( 9	)		0		10,376		( 61	)	( 476	)
Corporate debt securities		5,586		( 124	)		( 15	)		( 139	)		0		0		( 70	)		0		5,377		( 325	)	( 15	)
CMBS and RMBS in the Americas		7,165		0			( 403	)		( 403	)		0		0		0			0		6,762		0		( 403	)
Other asset-backed securities and debt securities		295,624		( 3,066	)		( 5,125	)		( 8,191	)		65,240		( 50,630	)	( 88,257	)		0		213,786		( 3,263	)	26,245
Equity securities		162,857		( 4,902	)		( 9,831	)		( 14,733	)		19,451		0		( 1,923	)		0		165,652		( 4,956	)	( 9,834	)
Investment funds		162,857		( 4,902	)		( 9,831	)		( 14,733	)		19,451		0		( 1,923	)		0		165,652		( 4,956	)	( 9,834	)
Derivative assets and liabilities (net)		2,284		6,921			( 538	)		6,383			0		0		0			0		8,667		6,921		( 538	)
Options held/written and other		2,284		6,921			( 538	)		6,383			0		0		0			0		8,667		6,921		( 538	)
Other asset		2,786		( 365	)		0			( 365	)		476		0		( 38	)		0		2,859		( 365	)	0
Reinsurance recoverables*5		2,786		( 365	)		0			( 365	)		476		0		( 38	)		0		2,859		( 365	)	0
Policy Liabilities and Policy Account Balances		167,207		4,141			( 104	)		4,037			0		0		( 11,839	)		0		151,331		4,141		( 104	)
Variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts*6		167,207		4,141			( 104	)		4,037			0		0		( 11,839	)		0		151,331		4,141		( 104	)
Accounts Payable:		14,136		( 382	)		344			( 38	)		0		0		0			0		14,174		( 382	)	344
Contingent Consideration		14,136		( 382	)		344			( 38	)		0		0		0			0		14,174		( 382	)	344

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Six months ended September 30, 2025

	Millions of yen
	Balance at April 1, 2025		Gains or losses (realized/unrealized)									Purchases*3		Sales		Settlements*4			Transfers in and/ or out of Level 3 (net)		Balance at September 30, 2025		Change in unrealized gains or losses included in earnings for assets and liabilities still held at September 30, 2025*1			Change in unrealized gains or losses included in other comprehensive income for assets and liabilities still held at September 30, 2025*2
			Included in earnings *1			Included in other comprehensive income*2			Total
Loans held for sale	¥	67,794	¥	( 682	)	¥	( 561	)	¥	( 1,243	)	¥	63	¥	0	¥	( 14,018	)	¥	0	¥	52,596	¥	( 147	)	¥	( 561	)
Available-for-sale debt securities		217,654		3,852			2,802			6,654			117,856		( 560	)	( 48,834	)		0		292,770		4,537			303
Japanese prefectural and foreign municipal bond securities		10,878		( 177	)		( 97	)		( 274	)		0		0		( 187	)		0		10,417		( 177	)		( 97	)
Corporate debt securities		4,252		4,792			4,016			8,808			107,208		0		0			0		120,268		4,792			( 2	)
CMBS and RMBS in the Americas		7,082		0			( 44	)		( 44	)		0		0		0			0		7,038		0			( 45	)
Other asset-backed securities and debt securities		195,442		( 763	)		( 1,073	)		( 1,836	)		10,648		( 560	)	( 48,647	)		0		155,047		( 78	)		447
Equity securities		162,210		5,797			( 387	)		5,410			17,453		0		( 2,036	)		0		183,037		5,815			( 384	)
Investment funds		162,210		5,797			( 387	)		5,410			17,453		0		( 2,036	)		0		183,037		5,815			( 384	)
Derivative assets and liabilities (net)		8,165		150			( 251	)		( 101	)		0		0		0			0		8,064		150			( 251	)
Options held/written and other		8,165		150			( 251	)		( 101	)		0		0		0			0		8,064		150			( 251	)
Other asset		2,586		( 1,421	)		0			( 1,421	)		412		0		( 62	)		0		1,515		( 1,421	)		0
Reinsurance recoverables*5		2,586		( 1,421	)		0			( 1,421	)		412		0		( 62	)		0		1,515		( 1,421	)		0
Policy Liabilities and Policy Account Balances		136,257		( 17,278	)		264			( 17,014	)		0		0		( 10,571	)		0		142,700		( 17,278	)		264
Variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts*6		136,257		( 17,278	)		264			( 17,014	)		0		0		( 10,571	)		0		142,700		( 17,278	)		264
Accounts Payable:		15,259		( 244	)		( 1,190	)		( 1,434	)		1,475		0		0			0		18,168		( 244	)		( 1,190	)
Contingent Consideration		15,259		( 244	)		( 1,190	)		( 1,434	)		1,475		0		0			0		18,168		( 244	)		( 1,190	)

*1 Principally, gains and losses from available-for-sale debt securities are included in “Gains on investment securities and dividends”, “Write-downs of securities” or “Life insurance premiums and related investment income”; equity securities are included in “Gains on investment securities and dividends” and “Life insurance premiums and related investment income” and loans held for sale, derivative assets and liabilities (net), and accounts payable are included in “Other (income) and expense” respectively. Additionally, for available-for-sale debt securities, amortization of interest recognized in finance revenues is included in these columns.

*2 Unrealized gains and losses from loans held for sale are included in “Net change of foreign currency translation adjustments”, unrealized gains and losses from available-for-sale debt securities are included in “Net change of unrealized gains (losses) on investment in securities” and “Net change of foreign currency translation adjustments”, unrealized gains and losses from equity securities, and derivative assets and liabilities (net) are included mainly in “Net change of foreign currency translation adjustments”, unrealized gains and losses from policy liabilities and policy account balances are included in “Net change of debt valuation adjustments”, unrealized gains and losses from accounts payable are included in “Net change of foreign currency translation adjustments.”

*3 Increases resulting from an acquisition of a subsidiary and insurance contracts ceded to reinsurance companies are included.

*4 Decreases resulting from the receipts of reimbursements for benefits, and decreases resulting from insurance payouts to variable annuity and variable life policyholders due to death, surrender and maturity of the investment period are included.

*5 “Included in earnings” in the above table includes changes in the fair value of reinsurance contracts recorded in “Life insurance costs” and reinsurance premiums, net of reinsurance benefits received, recorded in “Life insurance premiums and related investment income.”

*6 “Included in earnings” in the above table is recorded in “Life insurance costs” and includes changes in the fair value of policy liabilities and policy account balances resulting from gains or losses on the underlying investment assets managed on behalf of variable annuity and variable life policyholders, and the changes in the minimum guarantee risks relating to variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts as well as insurance costs recognized for insurance and annuity payouts as a result of insured events. For a reconciliation of the total amount of policy account balances and the balances of market risk benefits related to variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts during year ended March 31, 2025 and for the six months ended September 30, 2025, see Note 18 “Long-Durations Insurance Contracts Relating to Life Insurance Operations.”

In the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025, there were no transfers in or out of Level 3.

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The following tables present recorded amounts of assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis during year ended March 31, 2025 and the six months ended September 30, 2025. These assets are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis mainly to recognize impairment:

Year ended March 31, 2025

	Millions of yen — Total Carrying Value in Consolidated Balance Sheets		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Assets:
Real estate collateral-dependent loans (net of allowance for credit losses)	¥	5,881	¥	0	¥	0	¥	5,881
Investment in operating leases, property under facility operations and office facilities		8,105		0		0		8,105
Certain equity securities		15,193		0		15,193		0
Certain equity method investments		20,619		0		0		20,619
	¥	49,798	¥	0	¥	15,193	¥	34,605
Six months ended September 30, 2025
	Millions of yen
	Total Carrying Value in Consolidated Balance Sheets		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Assets:
Loans held for sale	¥	168	¥	0	¥	47	¥	121
Real estate collateral-dependent loans (net of allowance for credit losses)		3,490		0		0		3,490
Investment in operating leases		234		0		0		234
Certain equity securities		37,465		0		37,465		0
Certain equity method investments		1,109		0		0		1,109
	¥	42,466	¥	0	¥	37,512	¥	4,954

The following is a description of the main valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities measured at fair value.

Loans held for sale

Certain loans, which the Company and its subsidiaries have the intent and ability to sell to outside parties in the foreseeable future, are considered held-for-sale. The loans held for sale in the Americas are classified as Level 2, if the Company and its subsidiaries measure their fair value based on a market approach using inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the assets such as treasury rate, swap rate and market spread. The loans held for sale in the Americas are classified as Level 3, if the Company and its subsidiaries measure their fair value based on discounted cash flow methodologies using inputs that are unobservable in the market.

Real estate collateral-dependent loans

The allowance for credit losses for large balance non-homogeneous loans is individually evaluated based on the present value of expected future cash flows, the loan’s observable market price or the fair value of the collateral securing the loans if the loans are collateral-dependent. According to ASC 820 (“Fair Value Measurement”), measurement for loans with deterioration in credit quality determined using a present value technique is not considered a fair value measurement. However, measurement for loans with deterioration in credit quality determined using the loan’s observable market price or the fair value of the collateral securing the collateral-dependent loans are fair value measurements and are subject to the disclosure requirements for nonrecurring fair value measurements.

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The Company and its subsidiaries determine the fair value of the real estate collateral of real estate collateral-dependent loans using appraisals prepared by independent third party appraisers or our own staff of qualified appraisers based on recent transactions involving sales of similar assets or other valuation techniques such as discounted cash flows methodologies using future cash flows estimated to be generated from operation of the existing assets or completion of development projects, as appropriate. The Company and its subsidiaries generally obtain a new appraisal once a fiscal year. In addition, the Company and its subsidiaries periodically monitor circumstances of the real estate collateral and then obtain a new appraisal in situations involving a significant change in economic and/or physical conditions, which may materially affect the fair value of the collateral. Real estate collateral-dependent loans whose fair values are estimated using appraisals of the underlying collateral based on these valuation techniques are classified as Level 3 because such appraisals involve unobservable inputs. These unobservable inputs contain discount rates and cap rates as well as future cash flows estimated to be generated from real estate collateral. An increase (decrease) in the discount rate or cap rate and a decrease (increase) in the estimated future cash flows would result in a decrease (increase) in the fair value of real estate collateral-dependent loans.

Real estate collateral-dependent loans owned by a certain subsidiary are classified as Level 2, because fair value measurement is based on observable market prices.

Investment in operating leases, property under facility operations, office facilities and other assets, and land and buildings undeveloped or under construction

Investment in operating leases measured at fair value is mostly real estate. The Company and its subsidiaries determine the fair value of investment in operating leases, property under facility operations, office facilities and other assets, and land and buildings undeveloped or under construction using appraisals prepared by independent third party appraisers or the Company’s own staff of qualified appraisers, and others based on recent transactions involving sales of similar assets or other valuation techniques such as discounted cash flow methodologies using future cash flows estimated to be generated from operation of the existing assets or completion of development projects, as appropriate. The Company and its subsidiaries classified these assets as Level 3 because such appraisals involve unobservable inputs. These unobservable inputs contain discount rates as well as future cash flows estimated to be generated from the assets or projects. An increase (decrease) in the discount rate and a decrease (increase) in the estimated future cash flows would result in a decrease (increase) in the fair value of investment in operating leases and property under facility operations and land and buildings undeveloped or under construction.

Movable properties owned by a certain subsidiary are classified as Level 2, because fair value measurement is based on observable inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1, such as prices for similar assets.

Trading debt securities and available-for-sale debt securities

The Company and its subsidiaries classified corporate debt securities, CMBS and RMBS in the Americas and other asset-backed securities and debt securities as Level 2 if the inputs such as trading price and/or bid price are observable. The Company and its subsidiaries classified CMBS and RMBS in the Americas and other asset-backed securities and debt securities as Level 3 if the Company and subsidiaries evaluate the fair value based on the unobservable inputs. In determining whether the inputs are observable or unobservable, the Company and its subsidiaries evaluate various factors such as the lack of recent transactions, price quotations that are not based on current information or vary substantially over time or among market makers, a significant increase in implied risk premium, a wide bid-ask spread, significant decline in new issuances, little or no public information (e.g. a principal-to-principal market) and other factors.

The corporate debt securities include a foreign convertible bond. It is measured at fair value using discounted cash flow methodologies and pricing model based on the Monte Carlo simulation model and is classified as Level 3 because such appraisals involve unobservable inputs in the market. The fair value measurement uses projected cash flows based on the business plan. These unobservable inputs contain discount rates and equity volatilities. An increase (decrease) in the discount rate and equity volatility would result in a decrease (increase) in the fair value of corporate debt securities.

With respect to certain CMBS and RMBS in the Americas and other asset-backed securities and debt securities, the Company and its subsidiaries classified these securities that were measured at fair value based on the observable inputs such as trading price and/or bit price as Level 2. But for those securities that lacked observable trades because they are older vintage or below investment grade securities, the Company and its subsidiaries limit the reliance on independent pricing service vendors and brokers. As a result, the Company and its subsidiaries established internally developed pricing models using valuation techniques such as discounted cash flow model using Level 3 inputs in order to estimate fair value of these debt securities and classified them as Level 3. Under the models, the Company and its subsidiaries use anticipated cash flows of the security, discounted at a risk-adjusted discount rate that incorporates our estimate of credit risk and liquidity risk that a market participant would consider. The cash flows are estimated based on a number of assumptions such as default rate and prepayment speed, as well as seniority of the security. An increase (decrease) in the discount rate or default rate would result in a decrease (increase) in the fair value of CMBS and RMBS in the Americas and other asset-backed securities and debt securities.

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Equity securities and equity method investments

If active market prices are available, fair value measurement is based on quoted active market prices and, accordingly, these securities are classified as Level 1. If active market prices are not available, fair value measurement is based on observable inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1, such as prices for similar assets and accordingly these securities are classified as Level 2. In addition, a certain Americas subsidiary measures its investments held by the investment companies which are owned by the subsidiary at fair value. These investment funds, certain equity securities and certain equity method investments are classified as Level 3, because fair value measurement is based on the combination of discounted cash flow methodologies and market multiple valuation methods, appraisals, or broker quotes. Discounted cash flow methodologies use future cash flows to be generated from investees, weighted average cost of capital (WACC) and others. Market multiple valuation methods use earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) multiples based on actual and projected cash flows, comparable peer companies, and comparable precedent transactions and others. Furthermore, certain subsidiaries elected the fair value option for investments in some funds. These investment funds for which the fair value option is elected are classified as level 3, because the subsidiaries measure their fair value using discounted cash flow methodologies, discounting to net asset value based on inputs that are unobservable in the market, appraisals, or broker quotes.

Derivatives

For exchange-traded derivatives, fair value is based on quoted market prices, and accordingly, classified as Level 1. For non-exchange traded derivatives, fair value is based on commonly used models and discounted cash flow methodologies. If the inputs used for these measurements including yield curves and volatilities, are observable, the Company and its subsidiaries classify it as Level 2. If the inputs are not observable, the Company and its subsidiaries classify it as Level 3. These unobservable inputs contain discount rates. An increase (decrease) in the discount rate would result in a decrease (increase) in the fair value of derivatives.

Reinsurance recoverables

Certain subsidiaries have elected the fair value option for certain reinsurance contracts related to variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts to partially offset the changes in fair value recognized in earnings of the policy liabilities and policy account balances attributable to the changes in the minimum guarantee risks of the variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts. These reinsurance contracts for which the fair value option is elected are classified as Level 3 because the subsidiaries measure their fair value using discounted cash flow methodologies based on inputs that are unobservable in the market.

Variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts

A certain subsidiary has elected the fair value option for the entire variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts held in order to match earnings recognized for changes in fair value of policy liabilities and policy account balances with the earnings recognized for gains or losses from the investment assets managed on behalf of variable annuity and variable life policyholders, derivative contracts and changes in fair value of reinsurance contracts. The changes in fair value of the variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts are linked to the fair value of the investment in securities managed on behalf of variable annuity and variable life policyholders. These securities consist mainly of equity securities traded in the market. In addition, variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts are exposed to the minimum guarantee risk, and the subsidiary adjusts the fair value of the underlying investments by incorporating changes in fair value of the minimum guarantee risk in the evaluation of the fair value of the entire variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts. The variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts for which the fair value option is elected are classified as Level 3 because the subsidiary measures the fair value using discounted cash flow methodologies based on inputs that are unobservable in the market.

Accounts payable (Contingent consideration)

A certain subsidiary records a part of consideration for acquiring noncontrolling interests of its subsidiary as accounts payable (contingent consideration), and it is classified as level 3 because fair value measurement is based on discounted cash flow methodologies.

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Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements

The following tables provide information about the valuation techniques and significant unobservable inputs used in the valuation of Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025.

	March 31, 2025
	Millions of yen
	Fair value		Valuation technique(s)	Significant unobservable inputs	Range (Weighted average)
Assets:
Loans held for sale	¥	67,794	Discounted cash flows	Discount rate	7.0 % – 12.1 % ( 9.4 %)
Available-for-sale debt securities:
Japanese prefectural and foreign municipal bond securities		6,319	Discounted cash flows	Discount rate	5.8 % – 9.8 % ( 8.0 %)
		4,559	Appraisals/Broker quotes	—	—
Corporate debt securities		302	Discounted cash flows	Discount rate	1.5 % ( 1.5 %)
		3,950	Appraisals/Broker quotes	—	—
CMBS and RMBS in the Americas		7,082	Appraisals/Broker quotes	—	—
Other asset-backed securities and debt securities		34,670	Discounted cash flows	Discount rate	0.4 % – 51.2 % ( 5.5 %)
				Probability of default	0.2 % ( 0.2 %)
		160,772	Appraisals/Broker quotes	—	—
Equity securities:
Investment funds and other		133,585	Discounted cash flows	WACC	13.3 % – 23.7 % ( 16.8 %)
				EV/Terminal EBITDA multiple	4.2 x- 12 x ( 8.8 x)
			Market multiples	EV/Last twelve months EBITDA multiple	4.3 x- 9.5 x ( 7.8 x)
				EV/Forward EBITDA multiple	4.2 x- 9 x ( 7.7 x)
				EV/Precedent transaction last twelve months EBITDA multiple	4.3 x- 11.9 x ( 8.7 x)
		22,859	Appraisals/Broker quotes	—	—
		5,766	Discounted cash flows	Discount rate	11.5 % – 12.0 % ( 11.7 %)
Derivative assets:
Options held/written and other		8,297	Discounted cash flows	Discount rate	12.0 % – 33.0 % ( 14.7 %)
		520	Appraisals/Broker quotes	—	—
Other assets:
Reinsurance recoverables		2,586	Discounted cash flows	Discount rate	0.5 % – 2.4 % ( 1.3 %)
				Mortality rate	0.0 % – 100.0 % ( 2.9 %)
				Lapse rate	1.5 % – 14.0 % ( 4.7 %)
				Annuitization rate (guaranteed minimum annuity benefit)	100.0 % ( 100.0 %)
Total	¥	459,061
Liabilities:
Derivative liabilities:
Options held/written and other	¥	652	Discounted cash flows	Discount rate	12.0 % – 33.0 % ( 14.7 %)
Policy liabilities and Policy Account Balances:
Variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts		136,257	Discounted cash flows	Discount rate	0.5 % – 2.4 % ( 1.3 %)
				Mortality rate	0.0 % – 100.0 % ( 2.3 %)
				Lapse rate	1.5 % – 30.0 % ( 5.7 %)
				Annuitization rate (guaranteed minimum annuity benefit)	0.0 % – 100.0 % ( 67.1 %)
Accounts Payable:
Contingent Consideration		15,259	Discounted cash flows	EV/Terminal EBITDA multiple	15.0 x ( 15.0 x)
Total	¥	152,168

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	September 30, 2025
	Millions of yen
	Fair value		Valuation technique(s)	Significant unobservable inputs	Range (Weighted average)
Assets:
Loans held for sale	¥	52,596	Discounted cash flows	Discount rate	6.8 % – 11.3 % ( 8.8 %)
Available-for-sale debt securities:
Japanese prefectural and foreign municipal bond securities		5,996	Discounted cash flows	Discount rate	4.2 % – 9.8 % ( 7.8 %)
		4,421	Appraisals/Broker quotes	—	—
Corporate debt securities		116,025	Discounted cash flows	Discount rate	5.5 % ( 5.5 %)
				Equity Volatility	60.0 % ( 60.0 %)
		3,933	Appraisals/Broker quotes	—	—
		310	Discounted cash flows	Discount rate	1.6 % ( 1.6 %)
CMBS and RMBS in the Americas		7,038	Appraisals/Broker quotes	—	—
Other asset-backed securities and debt securities		41,268	Discounted cash flows	Discount rate	0.4 % – 51.2 % ( 5.3 %)
				Probability of default	0.2 % ( 0.2 %)
		113,779	Appraisals/Broker quotes	—	—
Equity securities:
Investment funds		154,908	Market multiples	EV/Last twelve months EBITDA multiple	3.5 x- 9.3 x ( 8.0 x)
				EV/Forward EBITDA multiple	7.4 ( 7.4 x)
		22,388	Appraisals/Broker quotes	—	—
		5,741	Discounted cash flows	Discount rate	11.5 % – 12.0 % ( 11.7 %)
Derivative assets:
Options held/written and other		8,495	Discounted cash flows	Discount rate	12.0 % – 33.0 % ( 14.8 %)
		350	Appraisals/Broker quotes	—	—
Other assets:
Reinsurance recoverables		1,515	Discounted cash flows	Discount rate	0.7 % – 2.6 % ( 1.4 %)
				Mortality rate	0.0 % – 100.0 % ( 3.2 %)
				Lapse rate	1.5 % – 14.0 % ( 4.7 %)
				Annuitization rate (guaranteed minimum annuity benefit)	100.0 % ( 100.0 %)
Total	¥	538,763
Liabilities:
Derivative liabilities:
Options held/written and other	¥	781	Discounted cash flows	Discount rate	12.0 % – 33.0 % ( 14.8 %)
Policy liabilities and Policy Account Balances:
Variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts		142,700	Discounted cash flows	Discount rate	0.7 % – 2.6 % ( 1.4 %)
				Mortality rate	0.0 % – 100.0 % ( 2.3 %)
				Lapse rate	1.5 % – 30.0 % ( 5.7 %)
				Annuitization rate (guaranteed minimum annuity benefit)	0.0 % – 100.0 % ( 65.7 %)
Accounts Payable:
Contingent Consideration		16,679	Discounted cash flows	EV/Terminal EBITDA multiple	15.0 x ( 15.0 x)
		1,489	Discounted cash flows	Discount rate	4.8 % – 5.0 % ( 4.9 %)
				EBTDA Volatility	35.0 % ( 35.0 %)
Total	¥	161,649

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The following tables provide information about the valuation techniques and significant unobservable inputs used in the valuation of Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis during year ended March 31, 2025 and the six months ended September 30, 2025.

	March 31, 2025
	Millions of yen
	Fair value		Valuation technique(s)	Significant unobservable inputs	Range (Weighted average)
Assets:
Real estate collateral-dependent loans (net of allowance for credit losses)	¥	1,064	Direct capitalization	Capitalization rate	4.4 % – 5.2 % ( 4.7 %)
		4,817	Appraisals/Broker quotes	—	—
Investment in operating leases, property under facility operations and office facilities		3,314	Discounted cash flows	Discount rate	6.1 % ( 6.1 %)
		4,791	Appraisals/Broker quotes	—	—
Certain equity method investments		20,619	Appraisals/Broker quotes	—	—
	¥	34,605

	September 30, 2025
	Millions of yen
	Fair value		Valuation technique(s)	Significant unobservable inputs	Range (Weighted average)
Assets:
Loans held for sale	¥	121	Discounted cash flows	Discount rate	5.0 % – 8.0 % ( 6.5 %)
Real estate collateral-dependent loans (net of allowance for credit losses)		1,142	Direct capitalization	Capitalization rate	4.7 % – 5.5 % ( 4.9 %)
		2,348	Appraisals/Broker quotes	—	—
Investment in operating leases		234	Appraisals/Broker quotes	—	—
Certain equity method investments		1,109	Appraisals/Broker quotes	—	—
	¥	4,954

The Company and its subsidiaries generally use discounted cash flow methodologies or similar internally developed models to determine the fair value of Level 3 assets and liabilities. Use of these techniques requires determination of relevant inputs and assumptions, some of which represent significant unobservable inputs as indicated in the preceding table. Accordingly, changes in these unobservable inputs may have a significant impact on the fair value.

Certain of these unobservable inputs will have a directionally consistent impact on the fair value of the asset or liability for a given change in that input. Alternatively, the fair value of the asset or liability may move in an opposite direction for a given change in another input. Where multiple inputs are used within the valuation technique of an asset or liability, a change in one input in a certain direction may be offset by an opposite change in another input having a potentially muted impact to the overall fair value of that particular asset or liability. Additionally, a change in one unobservable input may result in a change to another unobservable input (that is, changes in certain inputs are interrelated to one another), which may counteract or magnify the fair value impact.

Unobservable inputs are weighted by the relative fair value of the asset or liability.

For more analysis of the uncertainty of each input, see the description of the main valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities measured at fair value.

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Acquisitions and Divestitures

(1) Acquisitions

There were no material acquisitions during the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025.

(2) Divestitures

Gains on sales of subsidiaries and equity method investments and liquidation losses, net for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025 amounted to ¥ 31,503 million and ¥ 98,198 million, respectively. Gains on sales of subsidiaries and equity method investments and liquidation losses, net for the six months ended September 30, 2024 mainly consisted of ¥ 4,754 million in Corporate Financial Services and Maintenance Leasing segment, ¥ 19,086 million in PE Investment and Concession segment, ¥( 810 ) million in Environment and Energy segment, ¥ 1,019 million in Aircraft and Ships segment and ¥ 7,547 million in ORIX USA segment. Gains on sales of subsidiaries and equity method investments and liquidation losses, net for the six months ended September 30, 2025 mainly consisted of ¥ 6,915 million in Corporate Financial Services and Maintenance Leasing segment, ¥ 726 million in PE Investment and Concession segment, ¥ 88,777 million in Environment and Energy segment, ¥ 312 million in ORIX USA segment and ¥ 1,507 million in Asia and Australia segment.

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Revenues from Contracts with Customers

The following table provides information about revenues from contracts with customers, and other sources of revenue for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025 are as follows:

	Millions of yen — Six months ended September 30, 2024		Millions of yen — Six months ended September 30, 2025
Revenues from contracts with customers	¥	663,040	¥	705,583
Other revenues *		740,593		858,914
Total revenues	¥	1,403,633	¥	1,564,497

Other revenues are not considered to be within the scope of revenue from contracts with customers, such as life insurance premiums and related investment income, operating leases, finance revenues that include interest income, and others.

The Company and its subsidiaries recognize revenues when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to our customers, in the amounts that reflect the consideration we expect to receive in exchange for those goods or services. Revenues are recognized net of discounts, incentives and estimated sales returns. Amount to be collected for third party is deducted from revenues. The Company and its subsidiaries evaluate whether we are principal or agent on distinctive goods or services. When a revenue transaction involves a third party, if the Company and its subsidiaries control the goods or services before they are transferred to customers, revenue is recognized on gross amount as the principal. There is no significant variability in considerations included in revenues, except for the performance fees regarding asset management business hereinafter, and there is no significant financing component in considerations on transactions.

For further information about breakdowns of revenues disaggregated by goods or services category by segment, see Note 25 “Segment Information.”

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Revenue recognition criteria on each goods or services category are mainly as follows:

Sales of goods

The Company and its subsidiaries sell various goods such as cosmetics, health foods, medical equipment and other to customers. Revenues from sales of goods are recognized when there is a transfer of control of the product to customers. The Company and its subsidiaries determine transfer of control based on when the products are shipped or delivered to customers, or inspected by customers.

Real estate sales

Certain subsidiaries are involved in condominium business. Revenues from sales of detached houses and residential condominiums are recognized when the real estate is delivered to customers.

Asset management and servicing

Certain subsidiaries offer customers investment management services for their financial assets, asset management as well as maintenance and administrative services for their real estate properties. Furthermore, the Company and its subsidiaries perform servicing on behalf of customers. Revenues from asset management and servicing primarily include management fees, servicing fees, and performance fees. Management and servicing fees are recognized over the contract period with customers, since the customers simultaneously receive and consume all of the benefits provided by the subsidiaries as the subsidiaries perform. Management fees are calculated based on the predetermined percentages of the market value of the assets under management or net assets of the investment funds in accordance with contract terms. Servicing fees are calculated based on the predetermined percentages of the amount in assets under management in accordance with contract terms. Fees based on the performance of the assets under management are recognized when the performance obligations are satisfied, to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. The performance fee is estimated by using the most likely amount method, in accordance with contract terms. Servicing fees related to financial assets that the Company and its subsidiaries had originated and transferred to investors are not in the scope of revenue from contracts with customers. These fees are accounted for as servicing assets under which the benefits of servicing are expected to more than adequately compensate for performing the servicing, or servicing liabilities under which the benefits of servicing are not expected to adequately compensate for performing the servicing.

Automobile related services

Certain subsidiaries mainly provide automobile maintenance services to customers, as automobile related services. In the service, since customers simultaneously receive and consume all of the benefits provided by the subsidiaries as the subsidiaries perform, revenues are recognized over the contract period with customers. For measurement of progress, the cost incurred is used, because that reasonably describes transfer of control of services to customers. The subsidiaries receive payments from customers before satisfying performance obligations, and the amounts are reported in other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets as contract liabilities.

Facilities operation

The Company and its subsidiaries are running hotels, Japanese inns, a multipurpose dome and other facilities. Revenues from these operations are recognized over the customers’ usage period of the facilities, since customers simultaneously receive and consume all of the benefits provided by the Company and its subsidiaries as the Company and its subsidiaries perform. The value transferred to customers is directly measured based on the usage period. With respect to the operation of a multipurpose dome, a certain subsidiary receives payments from customers before satisfying performance obligations, and the amounts are reported in other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets as contract liabilities. Gains on sale of property under facility operations included in services income are not within the scope of revenue from contracts with customers because these gains refer to transfers of non-financial assets to counterparties that are not considered to be our customers.

Environment and energy services

The Company and its subsidiaries offer services that provide electric power to business operators’ factories, office buildings and other facilities. Revenues from electric power supply by purchasing electricity or running power plants are recognized over the contracted distribution period with customers, since customers simultaneously receive and consume all of the benefits provided by the Company and its subsidiaries as the Company and its subsidiaries perform. The value transferred to customers is directly measured based on electricity usage by customers. Furthermore, certain subsidiaries are running waste processing facilities. Revenues from resources and waste processing business are primarily recognized over the service contract period with customers, since customers simultaneously receive and consume all of the benefits provided by the subsidiaries as the subsidiaries perform. The value transferred to customers is directly measured based on the amount of resources and waste to be processed.

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Real estate management and brokerage

The Company and its subsidiaries mainly offer management of condominiums, office buildings, facilities, and others, to customers, as real estate management and brokerage business. For these services, customers simultaneously receive and consume all of the benefits provided by the Company and its subsidiaries as the Company and its subsidiaries perform. Therefore, based on progress measured over the contract period with customers, revenues are recognized by directly measuring the value of the services transferred to customers. The Company and its subsidiaries receive payments from customers before satisfying performance obligations, and the amounts are reported in other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets as contract liabilities.

Real estate contract work

Certain subsidiaries offer repair and contract work for condominiums, office buildings, facilities, and others, to customers. The work is held on the real estate where customers own or rent, and the subsidiaries’ performance creates the asset that the customers’ control as the asset is created or enhanced. Additionally, the performance does not create an asset with an alternative use to the subsidiaries, and the subsidiaries have a substantial enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date so that revenues are recognized over the contract work period. For measurement of progress, the cost incurred is used, because that reasonably describes transfer of control of services to customers. The subsidiaries recognize a part of its performance obligations that it performs as contract assets, and the amounts are reported under other assets on the consolidated balance sheet. Furthermore, the subsidiaries receive payments from customers before satisfying performance obligations, and the amounts are reported in other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets as contract liabilities.

Other

The Company and its subsidiaries have been developing a variety of businesses. Main revenue streams are as follows:

Maintenance services of software, measurement equipment and other:

Certain subsidiaries offer information systems hardware, software maintenance services and support, and maintenance of measurement equipment to customers. For these services, customers simultaneously receive and consume all of the benefits provided by the subsidiaries as the subsidiaries perform. Therefore, based on progress measured over the contract period with customers, revenues are recognized by directly measuring the value of the services transferred to customers. The subsidiaries receive payments from customers before satisfying performance obligations, and the amounts are reported in other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets as contract liabilities.

Fee business:

The Company and its subsidiaries are involved in insurance policy referrals and other agency business. Commission revenues from these businesses are primarily recognized when the contract between our customers and their client is signed.

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The following table provides information about balances from contracts with customers as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025.

	Millions of yen — March 31, 2025		September 30, 2025
Trade Notes, Accounts and Other Receivable	¥	208,642	¥	197,547
Contract assets (Included in Other Assets)		14,154		15,376
Contract liabilities (Included in Other Liabilities)		40,441		36,663

For the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025, there were no significant changes in contract assets and contract liabilities.

For the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025, revenues amounting to ¥ 21,149 million and ¥ 25,325 million were included in contract liabilities as of the beginning of each fiscal year, respectively.

As of September 30, 2025, transaction price allocated to the performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) is mainly related to automobile related services and real estate sales and amounted to ¥ 208,043 million. Remaining term for the obligations ranges up to 17 years. Furthermore, automobile related services primarily constitute the performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) and will be recognized as revenue over the next 10 years. The Company and its subsidiaries applied practical expedients in the disclosure, and performance obligations for contracts that have an original expected duration of one year or less, contracts under which the value transferred to a customer is directly measured and recognized as revenue by the amount it has a right to invoice to the customer, sales- or usage-based royalty and directly allocable variable consideration to wholly unsatisfied performance obligation are not included. The transaction price allocated to unsatisfied performance obligations does not include the estimate of material variable consideration.

Variable consideration not included in the transaction price is mainly related to performance fees of the asset management business.

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Leases

Lessor

Lease income for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025 are as follows:

	Millions of yen — Six months ended September 30, 2024		Six months ended September 30, 2025
Lease income—net investment in leases
Interest income	¥	45,715	¥	47,828
Other		2,044		1,926
Lease income—operating leases *		310,848		309,624
Total lease income	¥	358,607	¥	359,378

Gains from the disposition of real estate under operating leases included in operating lease revenues were ¥ 23,587 million and ¥ 10,049 million, and gains from the disposition of operating lease assets other than real estate included in operating lease revenues were ¥ 21,059 million and ¥ 20,956 million, for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025, respectively.

Lease income from net investment in leases is included in finance revenues in the consolidated statements of income. Gains a nd losses from the disposition of net investment in leases were not material for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025.

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Credit Quality of Financial Assets and the Allowance for Credit Losses

The Company and its subsidiaries provide the following information disaggregated by portfolio segment and class of financial assets.

• Allowance for credit losses

• Credit quality of financial assets

Credit quality indicators

Past-due financing receivables

Non-accrual

• Information about modifications of financing receivables made to debtors experiencing financial difficulty

A portfolio segment is defined as the level at which an entity develops and documents a systematic methodology to determine its allowance for credit losses. The Company and its subsidiaries classify our portfolio segments by instruments of loans, net investment in leases and other financial assets measured at amortized cost. Classes of financial assets are determined based on the initial measurement attribute, risk characteristics of the financing receivables and the method for monitoring and assessing obligors’ credit risk and are defined as the level of detail necessary for a financial statement user to understand the risks inherent in the financial assets. Classes of financial assets generally are a disaggregation of a portfolio segment, and the Company and its subsidiaries disaggregate our portfolio segments into classes by regions, instruments or industries of our debtors.

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The following table provides information about the allowance for credit losses for installment loans, net investment in leases and other financial assets measured at amortized cost as of March 31, 2025, and for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025 :

	Six months ended September 30, 2024
	Millions of yen
	Beginning balance		Provision (Reversal) *3		Allowance of purchased loans during the reporting period		Charge-offs *4			Recoveries		Other *5			Ending balance		Collective (pool) assessment		Individual assessment
Allowance for credit losses:
Installment loans to consumer borrowers:
Real estate loans
Japan	¥	3,203	¥	68	¥	0	¥	( 44	)	¥	35	¥	1		¥	3,263	¥	2,972	¥	291
Overseas		581		359		0		0			0		( 49	)		891		432		459
Card loans
Japan		12		( 8	)	0		0			7		1			12		12		0
Other
Japan		91		( 2	)	0		0			4		( 2	)		91		6		85
Overseas		3,060		1,815		0		( 2,131	)		223		( 121	)		2,846		1,457		1,389
Installment loans to corporate borrowers:
Non-recourse loans
Japan		429		156		0		0			0		0			585		585		0
The Americas		1,718		445		0		0			0		( 127	)		2,036		1,038		998
Other than non-recourse loans
Real estate companies
Japan		975		58		0		0			13		( 2	)		1,044		961		83
Overseas		1,549		361		0		0			0		( 130	)		1,780		626		1,154
Commercial, industrial and other companies
Japan		857		496		0		( 125	)		16		0			1,244		773		471
Overseas		25,824		( 1,509	)	0		( 2,433	)		24		( 3,507	)		18,399		11,492		6,907
Loans to Equity method investees		878		1,410		0		( 37	)		0		( 173	)		2,078		420		1,658
Purchased loans *1		1,133		7		597		( 608	)		1		( 10	)		1,120		530		590
Net investment in leases:		16,780		1,833		0		( 1,120	)		37		( 131	)		17,399		10,945		6,454
Subtotal		57,090		5,489		597		( 6,498	)		360		( 4,250	)		52,788		32,249		20,539
Other financial assets measured at amortized cost *2		1,020		91		0		( 122	)		9		( 30	)		968		268		700
Total	¥	58,110	¥	5,580	¥	597	¥	( 6,620	)	¥	369	¥	( 4,280	)	¥	53,756	¥	32,517	¥	21,239

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	March 31, 2025
	Millions of yen
	Ending balance		Collective (pool) assessment		Individual assessment
Allowance for credit losses:
Installment loans to consumer borrowers:
Real estate loans
Japan	¥	2,891	¥	2,609	¥	282
Overseas		1,679		505		1,174
Card loans
Japan		36		36		0
Other
Japan		90		6		84
Overseas		3,048		1,355		1,693
Installment loans to corporate borrowers:
Non-recourse loans
Japan		462		462		0
The Americas		2,593		1,548		1,045
Other than non-recourse loans
Real estate companies
Japan		908		877		31
Overseas		2,046		764		1,282
Commercial, industrial and other companies
Japan		1,078		586		492
Overseas		20,063		11,919		8,144
Loans to Equity method investees		1,512		167		1,345
Purchased loans *1		1,342		521		821
Net investment in leases:		18,122		11,236		6,886
Subtotal		55,870		32,591		23,279
Other financial assets measured at amortized cost *2		899		299		600
Total	¥	56,769	¥	32,890	¥	23,879

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	Six months ended September 30, 2025
	Millions of yen
	Beginning balance		Provision (Reversal) *3		Allowance of purchased loans during the reporting period		Charge-offs *4			Recoveries		Other *5			Ending balance		Collective (pool) assessment		Individual assessment
Allowance for credit losses:
Installment loans to consumer borrowers:
Real estate loans
Japan	¥	2,891	¥	93	¥	0	¥	( 31	)	¥	40	¥	( 275	)	¥	2,718	¥	2,675	¥	43
Overseas		1,679		( 95	)	0		( 78	)		0		47			1,553		494		1,059
Card loans
Japan		36		( 5	)	0		0			4		0			35		35		0
Other
Japan		90		( 4	)	0		0			2		( 84	)		4		4		0
Overseas		3,048		1,146		0		( 1,286	)		184		( 16	)		3,076		1,295		1,781
Installment loans to corporate borrowers:
Non-recourse loans
Japan		462		100		0		0			0		( 6	)		556		556		0
Overseas		2,593		2,022		0		0			0		1,029			5,644		2,598		3,046
Other than non-recourse loans
Real estate companies
Japan		908		58		0		0			13		0			979		953		26
Overseas		2,046		178		0		0			0		( 967	)		1,257		715		542
Commercial, industrial and other companies
Japan		1,078		( 13	)	0		0			4		( 41	)		1,028		534		494
Overseas		20,063		2,571		0		( 1,992	)		59		24			20,725		12,006		8,719
Loans to Equity method investees		1,512		19		0		0			0		( 5	)		1,526		186		1,340
Purchased loans *1		1,342		7		3,633		( 3,659	)		0		( 984	)		339		133		206
Net investment in leases:		18,122		1,426		0		( 1,344	)		137		321			18,662		11,254		7,408
Subtotal		55,870		7,503		3,633		( 8,390	)		443		( 957	)		58,102		33,438		24,664
Other financial assets measured at amortized cost *2		899		64		0		( 81	)		0		6			888		297		591
Total	¥	56,769	¥	7,567	¥	3,633	¥	( 8,471	)	¥	443	¥	( 951	)	¥	58,990	¥	33,735	¥	25,255

Note: Loans held for sale and policy loan receivables of an insurance entity are not in the scope of allowance for credit losses.

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*1 Purchased loans represent loans with evidence of deterioration of credit quality since origination and for which it is probable at acquisition that collection of all contractually required payments from the debtors is unlikely.

*2 The allowance for other financial assets measured at amortized cost includes the allowance for credit losses on financing receivables, such as accounts receivable. Other financial assets measured at amortized cost are mainly “Trade notes, accounts and other receivables” on the consolidated balance sheets.

*3 “Provision for credit losses” in the consolidated statements of income amounted to provisions of ¥ 7,319 million and ¥ 9,989 million during the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025. The reconciliation between the above table and the amounts reported on the consolidated statements of income during the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025 are as follows:

	Millions of yen — Six months ended September 30, 2024		Six months ended September 30, 2025
	Provision for credit losses		Provision for credit losses
Net investment in leases	¥	1,833	¥	1,426
Installment loans		3,656		6,077
Subtotal in the above table		5,489		7,503
Other financial assets measured at amortized cost		91		64
Total in the above table		5,580		7,567
Off-balance sheet credit exposures *3(a)		1,673		2,320
Available-for-sale debt securities *3(b)		66		102
Amount reported on the consolidated financial statements	¥	7,319	¥	9,989

*3(a) The allowance for off-balance sheet credit exposure were ¥ 9,766 million and ¥ 11,953 million as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, respectively, and the amounts are recorded in “Other liabilities” on the consolidated balance sheets. For further information, see Note 24 “Commitments, Guarantees and Contingent Liabilities.”

*3(b) The allowance for available-for-sale debt securities were ¥ 670 million and ¥ 771 million as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, respectively, and the amounts are recorded as a reduction in “Investment in securities” on the consolidated balance sheets. For further information, see Note 8 “Investment in Securities.”

*4 Included in Charge-off in write-offs of purchased loans were ¥ 597 million and ¥ 3,633 million during the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025.

*5 Other mainly includes foreign currency translation adjustments and increases or decreases in allowance due to consolidation or deconsolidation of subsidiaries.

The following table provides information about purchased loans which were acquired for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025:

Purchase price	Six months ended September 30, 2024 — ¥	1,129	Six months ended September 30, 2025 — ¥	3,862
Allowance for credit losses at acquisition date		597		3,633
Discount or premium attributable to other factors		251		876
Par value	¥	1,977	¥	8,371

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The Company and its subsidiaries estimate an allowance for credit losses for all credit losses expected to occur in future over the remaining life of financial assets, and recognize the allowance adequately based on management judgement. In developing the allowance for credit losses, the Company and its subsidiaries consider, among other things, the following factors in collective assessment and individual assessment by each portfolio:

• business characteristics and financial conditions of obligors;

• prior charge-off experience;

• current delinquencies and delinquency trends;

• value of underlying collateral and guarantees; and

• current economic and business conditions and expected outlook in future.

The Company and its subsidiaries manage credit risk using various indicators specific to the region, industry, and types of assets, in accordance with the group risk management policy. For credit transactions, the basic group policy is to obtain sufficient collateral and guarantees, and to diversify industries and borrowers, and the Company and its subsidiaries comprehensively evaluate and monitor the financial condition and cash flows of borrowers, underlying collateral and guarantees, and profitability. The Company and its subsidiaries also manage exposure to potentially high-risk markets by establishing appropriate credit limits through portfolio analysis.

Due to the diversity of assets and risk indicators held by the Company and its subsidiaries, the Company and its subsidiaries monitor the credit quality indicators as performing and non-performing assets as indicators that are common across all classes. The category of non-performing assets includes financing receivables for debtors who have filed for insolvency proceedings, whose bank transactions are suspended, whose bills are dishonored, whose businesses have deteriorated, whose repayment is past-due 90 days or more, financing receivables modified to debtors experiencing financial difficulty, and performing assets include all other financing receivables. Regarding purchased loans, they are classified as non-performing assets when it is probable that the acquisition cost of purchased loans cannot be collected, while all the other purchased loans are included in the category of performing assets.

When certain performing financial assets mainly have similar risk characteristics to other financial assets, the performing financial assets are collectively evaluated as a pool. On the contrary, when financial assets do not have similar risk characteristics to other financial assets, the financial assets are evaluated individually.

Loans to consumer borrowers

Loans to consumer borrowers mainly consist of real estate loans and card loans.

The credit quality of real estate loans is affected by the cash flows derived from the property and its collateral value.

The credit quality of card loans is affected by the repayment ability of customers such as customer credit standing or payment history.

The Company and its subsidiaries use these factors to estimate the allowance for credit losses because they are reflected in the probability of default and loss given default in each portfolio.

Loans to corporate borrowers

Loans to corporate borrowers are classified into non-recourse loans and loans other than non-recourse loans.

The credit quality of non-recourse loans for which cash flows from real estate are the source of repayment depends mainly on the real estate collateral value.

Loans other than non-recourse loans are classified into either real estate companies or commercial, industrial and other companies, each of which are further divided into Japan and overseas.

The credit quality of real estate companies is affected by mainly Japanese and Americas real estate markets and trends.

The credit quality of commercial, industrial and other companies, which consist of various industries, is affected mainly by broader financial and economic conditions and trends in Japan, the Americas and Asian countries.

The allowance for credit losses for loans to corporate borrowers is estimated by considering, among others, debtors’ situation, as well as economic conditions and trends in its industries, the value of underlying collateral and guarantees, and probability of default and loss given default.

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Loans to equity method investees

Equity method investees are diversified in various industries and countries. The credit quality of loans to equity method investees is affected mainly by broader financial and economic conditions and trends in Japan, the Americas and Asian countries.

The allowance for credit losses for loans to equity method investees is estimated by considering, among others, debtors’ situation, as well as economic conditions and trends in its industries, the value of underlying collateral and guarantees, and probability of default and loss given default.

Net investment in leases

Net investment in leases consists of leases of various equipment types, including office equipment, industrial machinery, transportation equipment and real estate properties. The allowance for credit losses for net investment in leases is estimated based on the value of the underlying leased assets, debtors’ situation, economic conditions and trends in its industries, and probability of default and loss given default.

In common with portfolio segments, the forecasted future economic indicators correlated with the prior charge-off experience are reflected to the estimate of the allowance for credit losses. Economic indicators correlated with prior charge-off experience are determined over the reasonable and supportable forecasted period. Economic indicators include GDP growth rates, consumer price indices, unemployment rates, and government bond interest rates. It also considers forward-looking scenarios of how the selected economic indicators will change in the future. The Company and its subsidiaries use the latest economic forecasts available from the economic reports published by governments and central banks, as well as from third-party information providers as economic indicators.

On the other hand, for periods beyond which the Company and its subsidiaries are able to make or obtain reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic indicators of the entire life of the financial asset, expected credit losses are estimated for the remaining life mainly using an appropriate reversion approach, mainly immediate reversion to historical credit loss information.

There have been no significant changes during the six months ended September 30, 2025 to methodologies and economic indicators used to estimate the allowance for Credit Losses.

When non-performing financial assets with deteriorated credit quality have similar risk characteristics to other financial assets, the allowance for credit losses is collectively evaluated based on mainly loss given default. On the other hand, if the non-performing financial assets do not have similar risk characteristics to other financial assets, the allowance for credit losses is individually evaluated.

In the individual assessment the allowance for credit losses is estimated individually based on the present value of expected future cash flows, the observable market price or the fair value of the collateral securing the financing receivables if the financing receivables are collateral-dependent.

The collateral-dependent financing receivables are defined as the finance receivables, which a debtor would be in financial difficulty and the collection significantly depend on the collateral. These financing receivables are mainly non-recourse loans and purchased loans for which cash flows from underlying real estate is the source of repayment.

For non-recourse loans, their collection depends on the real estate collateral value, which may decline as a result of a decrease in liquidity of the real estate market, a rise in vacancy rate of rental properties, a fall in rents and other factors.

For purchased loans, their collection may decrease due to a decline in the real estate collateral value and debtors’ creditworthiness. Thus, the changes in these risks affect the amount of the allowance for credit losses.

In common with all portfolio segments, the Company and its subsidiaries charge off doubtful receivables when the likelihood of any future collection is believed to be minimal, mainly based upon an evaluation of the relevant debtors’ creditworthiness and the liquidation status of collateral.

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The following table provides information about the origination years of financial assets as of March 31, 2025 and the gross write-offs recorded during the six months ended September 30, 2024. Card loans to consumer borrowers with a revolving repayment feature that cannot be classified into the origination year are excluded from the table.

March 31, 2025
Millions of yen
Portfolio segment	Origination year (years ended March 31)												Total
Class
Credit Quality	2025		2024		2023		2022		2021		Prior
Consumer borrowers:
Performing	¥	358,952	¥	154,694	¥	159,847	¥	143,281	¥	227,594	¥	936,220	¥	1,980,588
Non-Performing		586		1,421		3,101		2,086		668		11,576	¥	19,438
Real estate loans
Performing		339,308		142,337		152,451		142,224		227,484		935,996	¥	1,939,800
Non-Performing		224		472		2,110		2,057		666		11,487	¥	17,016
Other
Performing		19,644		12,357		7,396		1,057		110		224	¥	40,788
Non-Performing		362		949		991		29		2		89	¥	2,422
Corporate borrowers:
Performing		865,495		246,134		133,623		154,928		42,744		175,757	¥	1,618,681
Non-Performing		2,389		15,254		9,656		39,845		11,919		40,392	¥	119,455
Non-recourse loans
Japan
Performing		225,394		52,292		10,487		6,932		0		6,372	¥	301,477
The Americas
Performing		44,762		20,079		7,540		886		135		9,491	¥	82,893
Non-Performing		0		0		67		0		0		3,764	¥	3,831
Other than non-recourse loans
Real estate companies in Japan
Performing		205,004		67,092		33,558		23,295		19,072		67,088	¥	415,109
Non-Performing		0		0		0		0		8		549	¥	557
Real estate companies in overseas
Performing		57,678		2,458		8,833		2,828		504		6,469	¥	78,770
Non-Performing		104		6,964		6,586		8,013		4,326		26,279	¥	52,272

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March 31, 2025
Millions of yen
Portfolio segment	Origination year (years ended March 31)												Total
Class
Credit Quality	2025		2024		2023		2022		2021		Prior
Commercial, industrial and other companies in Japan
Performing		131,439		38,390		20,382		10,761		6,412		17,740	¥	225,124
Non-Performing		415		58		130		11		76		86	¥	776
Commercial, industrial and other companies in overseas
Performing		201,218		65,823		52,823		110,226		16,621		68,597	¥	515,308
Non-Performing		1,870		8,232		2,873		31,821		7,509		9,714	¥	62,019
Loans to Equity method investees:
Performing		515		111,724		2,028		0		1,583		14,858	¥	130,708
Non-Performing		0		0		0		0		0		1,345	¥	1,345
Purchased loans:
Performing		0		52		14		476		86		19,497	¥	20,125
Non-Performing		0		0		0		31		0		1,233	¥	1,264
Net investment in leases:
Performing		448,045		316,681		179,111		89,639		47,256		64,828	¥	1,145,560
Non-Performing		2,381		5,398		4,893		1,879		836		6,433	¥	21,820
Japan
Performing		199,069		145,491		101,351		67,720		40,680		60,287	¥	614,598
Non-Performing		160		628		763		808		500		1,506	¥	4,365
Overseas
Performing		248,976		171,190		77,760		21,919		6,576		4,541	¥	530,962
Non-Performing		2,221		4,770		4,130		1,071		336		4,927	¥	17,455
Total (excluding revolving repayment card loans)
Performing	¥	1,673,007	¥	829,285	¥	474,623	¥	388,324	¥	319,263	¥	1,211,160	¥	4,895,662
Non-Performing		5,356		22,073		17,650		43,841		13,423		60,979	¥	163,322

Six months ended September 30, 2024
Millions of yen
	Gross write-offs
Portfolio segment	Origination year (years ended March 31)						Total
Class	2025	2024	2023	2022	2021	Prior
Consumer borrowers:	213	928	897	80	6	51	¥	2,175
Real estate loans	0	0	0	0	0	44	¥	44
Other	213	928	897	80	6	7	¥	2,131
Corporate borrowers:	0	43	35	2,329	14	137	¥	2,558
Other than non-recourse loans	0	0	0	0	0	0	¥	0
Commercial, industrial and other companies in Japan	0	0	0	0	6	119	¥	125
Commercial, industrial and other companies in overseas	0	43	35	2,329	8	18	¥	2,433
Loans to Equity method investees:	0	0	0	37	0	0	¥	37
Purchased loans:	0	0	0	57	255	296	¥	608
Net investment in leases:	0	120	337	218	151	294	¥	1,120
Japan	0	3	49	97	122	250	¥	521
Overseas	0	117	288	121	29	44	¥	599
Total (excluding revolving repayment card loans)	213	1,091	1,269	2,721	426	778	¥	6,498

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The following table provides information about the origination years of financial assets as of September 30, 2025 and the gross write-offs, corresponding to each class of financial assets by origination year, recorded during the six months ended September 30, 2025. Card loans to consumer borrowers with a revolving repayment feature that cannot be classified into the origination year are excluded from the table.

September 30, 2025
Millions of yen
Portfolio segment	Origination year (years ended March 31)												Total
Class
Credit Quality	2026		2025		2024		2023		2022		Prior
Consumer borrowers:
Performing	¥	232,444	¥	302,791	¥	144,579	¥	148,640	¥	136,272	¥	1,056,898	¥	2,021,624
Non-Performing		101		1,480		1,577		3,864		2,166		11,482	¥	20,670
Gross write-offs		9		492		549		217		31		97	¥	1,395
Real estate loans
Performing		221,468		288,462		136,334		144,383		135,926		1,056,753	¥	1,983,326
Non-Performing		18		974		728		2,894		2,156		11,479	¥	18,249
Gross write-offs		0		0		0		0		14		95	¥	109
Other
Performing		10,976		14,329		8,245		4,257		346		145	¥	38,298
Non-Performing		83		506		849		970		10		3	¥	2,421
Gross write-offs		9		492		549		217		17		2	¥	1,286
Corporate borrowers:
Performing		448,294		651,816		209,508		107,715		135,985		171,906	¥	1,725,224
Non-Performing		131		3,476		15,189		13,664		27,472		65,211	¥	125,143
Gross write-offs		120		1		364		30		28		1,449	¥	1,992
Non-recourse loans
Japan
Performing		91,971		186,801		40,113		9,680		6,815		2,850	¥	338,230
Gross write-offs		0		0		0		0		0		0	¥	0
Overseas
Performing		49,699		48,826		25,318		11,242		2,672		4,186	¥	141,943
Non-Performing		0		79		225		858		1,078		7,086	¥	9,326
Gross write-offs		0		0		0		0		0		0	¥	0

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September 30, 2025
Millions of yen
Portfolio segment	Origination year (years ended March 31)												Total
Class
Credit Quality	2026		2025		2024		2023		2022		Prior
Other than non-recourse loans
Real estate companies in Japan
Performing		128,306		135,748		54,828		27,430		21,423		79,263	¥	446,998
Non-Performing		0		0		0		5		0		541	¥	546
Gross write-offs		0		0		0		0		0		0	¥	0
Real estate companies in overseas
Performing		19,033		54,549		1,526		1,426		0		7,039	¥	83,573
Non-Performing		0		0		10,149		9,814		13,074		39,203	¥	72,240
Gross write-offs		0		0		0		0		0		0	¥	0
Commercial, industrial and other companies in Japan
Performing		61,020		80,771		33,578		13,045		8,349		17,007	¥	213,770
Non-Performing		0		414		54		128		11		1,611	¥	2,218
Gross write-offs		0		0		0		0		0		0	¥	0
Commercial, industrial and other companies in overseas
Performing		98,265		145,121		54,145		44,892		96,726		61,561	¥	500,710
Non-Performing		131		2,983		4,761		2,859		13,309		16,770	¥	40,813
Gross write-offs		120		1		364		30		28		1,449	¥	1,992
Loans to Equity method investees:
Performing		2,158		524		116,475		2,018		20		15,046	¥	136,241
Non-Performing		1		4		0		0		0		1,339	¥	1,344
Gross write-offs		0		0		0		0		0		0	¥	0
Purchased loans:
Performing		0		0		0		0		0		5,786	¥	5,786
Non-Performing		0		0		0		0		0		213	¥	213
Gross write-offs		0		0		0		0		0		3,659	¥	3,659
Net investment in leases:
Performing		260,811		389,175		254,314		130,961		65,938		79,123	¥	1,180,322
Non-Performing		537		2,358		5,244		4,019		1,628		6,561	¥	20,347
Gross write-offs		0		4		399		574		113		254	¥	1,344
Japan
Performing		100,754		174,961		124,968		83,219		53,501		73,321	¥	610,724
Non-Performing		31		337		784		793		763		1,779	¥	4,487
Gross write-offs		0		2		39		117		93		238	¥	489
Overseas
Performing		160,057		214,214		129,346		47,742		12,437		5,802	¥	569,598
Non-Performing		506		2,021		4,460		3,226		865		4,782	¥	15,860
Gross write-offs		0		2		360		457		20		16	¥	855
Total (excluding revolving repayment card loans)
Performing	¥	943,707	¥	1,344,306	¥	724,876	¥	389,334	¥	338,215	¥	1,328,759	¥	5,069,197
Non-Performing		770		7,318		22,010		21,547		31,266		84,806	¥	167,717
Gross write-offs		129		497		1,312		821		172		5,459	¥	8,390

Note: Loans held for sale, policy loan receivables of an insurance entity and financing receivables, such as accounts receivable are not included in the table above.

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The information ab out c ard loans to consumer borrowers with a revolving repayment feature that cannot be classified into the origination year as of March 31, 2025 and the gross write-offs recorded during six months ended September 30, 2024 is as follows:

	March 31, 2025
	Millions of yen
Portfolio segment	Revolving repayment card loans		Modification of collection condition by relief of contract condition		Total—revolving repayment card loans		Total— origination year (excluding revolving repayment card loans)		Total— financial assets measured at amortized cost
Credit quality
Consumer borrowers:
Performing	¥	67,874	¥	0	¥	67,874	¥	4,895,662	¥	4,963,536
Non-Performing		0		0		0		163,322	¥	163,322

	Six months ended September 30, 2024
	Millions of yen
	Gross write-offs
Portfolio segment	Revolving repayment card loans		Modification of collection condition by relief of contract condition		Total—revolving repayment card loans		Total— origination year (excluding revolving repayment card loans)		Total— financial assets measured at amortized cost
Consumer borrowers:	¥	0	¥	0	¥	0	¥	6,498	¥	6,498

The information about card loans to consumer borrowers with a revolving repayment feature that cannot be classified into the origination year as of September 30, 2025 and the gross write-offs, corresponding to card loans, recorded during the six months ended September 30, 2025 is as follows:

	September 30, 2025
	Millions of yen
Portfolio segment	Revolving repayment card loans		Modification of collection condition by relief of contract condition		Total—revolving repayment card loans		Total— origination year (excluding revolving repayment card loans)		Total— financial assets measured at amortized cost
Credit quality
Consumer borrowers:
Performing	¥	65,759	¥	0	¥	65,759	¥	5,069,197	¥	5,134,956
Non-Performing		0		0		0		167,717	¥	167,717
Gross write-offs		0		0		0		8,390	¥	8,390

Of non-performing assets, the Company and its subsidiaries consider smaller balance homogeneous loans (including real estate loans and card loans, among others, which are not restructured) and net investment in leases as the 90 days or more past-due financing receivables not individually evaluated, and consider all others as the loans individually evaluated. After the Company and its subsidiaries have set aside a provision for those non-performing assets, the Company and its subsidiaries continue to monitor at least on a quarterly basis the quality of any underlying collateral, the business conditions of the debtors and other important factors in order to report to management and develop additional provision for credit losses as necessary.

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The following table provides information about the past-due financial assets as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025:

	March 31, 2025
		Millions of yen
		Past-due financial assets
Portfolio segment	Class	30-89 days past-due		90 days or more past-due		Total past-due		Total financing receivables
Consumer borrowers		¥	4,481	¥	7,645	¥	12,126	¥	2,067,900
	Real estate loans		2,536		5,423		7,959		1,956,816
	Card loans		355		0		355		67,874
	Other		1,590		2,222		3,812		43,210
Corporate borrowers			9,896		83,940		93,836		1,738,136
Non-recourse loans	Japan		0		0		0		301,477
	The Americas		2,141		3,696		5,837		86,724
Other than non-recourse loans	Real estate companies in Japan		200		29		229		415,666
	Real estate companies in overseas		36		51,274		51,310		131,042
	Commercial, industrial and other companies in Japan		1,992		520		2,512		225,900
	Commercial, industrial and other companies in overseas		5,527		28,421		33,948		577,327
Loans to Equity method investees			0		0		0		132,053
Net investment in leases			20,113		20,577		40,690		1,167,380
	Japan		3,851		3,915		7,766		618,963
	Overseas		16,262		16,662		32,924		548,417
Total		¥	34,490	¥	112,162	¥	146,652	¥	5,105,469
	September 30, 2025
		Millions of yen
		Past-due financial assets
Portfolio segment	Class	30-89 days past-due		90 days or more past-due		Total past-due		Total financing receivables
Consumer borrowers		¥	2,541	¥	9,058	¥	11,599	¥	2,108,053
	Real estate loans		752		6,867		7,619		2,001,575
	Card loans		395		0		395		65,759
	Other		1,394		2,191		3,585		40,719
Corporate borrowers			7,676		92,145		99,821		1,850,367
Non-recourse loans	Japan		0		0		0		338,230
	Overseas		0		4,691		4,691		151,269
Other than non-recourse loans	Real estate companies in Japan		285		32		317		447,544
	Real estate companies in overseas		78		72,240		72,318		155,813
	Commercial, industrial and other companies in Japan		2,374		551		2,925		215,988
	Commercial, industrial and other companies in overseas		4,939		14,631		19,570		541,523
Loans to Equity method investees			0		4		4		137,585
Net investment in leases			22,436		18,281		40,717		1,200,669
	Japan		2,452		3,937		6,389		615,211
	Overseas		19,984		14,344		34,328		585,458
Total		¥	32,653	¥	119,488	¥	152,141	¥	5,296,674

Note: Loans held for sale, policy loans receivable of an insurance entity and purchased loans are not included in the table above.

In common with all classes, the Company and its subsidiaries consider financial assets as past-due financial assets when principal or interest is past-due 30 days or more. Loans whose terms have been modified are not classified as past-due financial assets if the principal and interest are not past-due 30 days or more in accordance with the modified terms.

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The following table provides information about non-accrual of financial assets as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025:

		March 31, 2025
		Millions of yen
		Beginning balance		Ending balance		Interest income recognized during the reporting period		Balance not associated allowance for credit losses among financial assets measured at amortized cost, which is suspending recognition of income
Non-accrual of financial assets:
Installment loans to consumer borrowers:
Real estate loans
	Japan	¥	1,095	¥	1,235	¥	260	¥	128
	Overseas		1,107		4,976		0		0
Card loans	Japan		0		0		0		0
Other
	Japan		96		86		1		0
	Overseas		2,574		2,373		0		4
Installment loans to corporate borrowers:
Non-recourse loans	The Americas		3,116		3,831		0		603
Other than non-recourse loans
Real estate companies
	Japan		115		29		30		0
	Overseas		16,093		52,272		0		0
Commercial, industrial and other companies
	Japan		355		520		54		37
	Overseas		27,636		60,629		0		2,203
Loans to Equity method investees			1,929		1,345		0		0
Net investment in leases			19,002		20,597		0		0
Total		¥	73,118	¥	147,893	¥	345	¥	2,975

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		September 30, 2025
		Millions of yen
		Beginning balance		Ending balance		Interest income recognized during the reporting period		Balance not associated allowance for credit losses among financial assets measured at amortized cost, which is suspending recognition of income
Non-accrual of financial assets:
Installment loans to consumer borrowers:
Real estate loans
	Japan	¥	1,235	¥	1,288	¥	135	¥	100
	Overseas		4,976		5,579		0		99
Other
	Japan		86		0		0		0
	Overseas		2,373		2,385		0		8
Installment loans to corporate borrowers:
Non-recourse loans	Overseas		3,831		8,764		0		0
Other than non-recourse loans
Real estate companies
	Japan		29		32		10		0
	Overseas		52,272		71,865		0		0
Commercial, industrial and other companies
	Japan		520		551		2		0
	Overseas		60,629		40,263		0		2,297
Loans to Equity method investees			1,345		1,344		0		0
Net investment in leases			20,597		18,324		0		0
Total		¥	147,893	¥	150,395	¥	147	¥	2,504

The Company and its subsidiaries suspend accruing interest on past-due installment loans and net investment in leases when principal or interest is past-due 90 days or more, or earlier, if management determines that their collections are doubtful based on factors such as individual debtors’ creditworthiness, historical loss experience, current delinquencies and delinquency trends. The Company and its subsidiaries return to accrual status non-accrual loans and net investment in leases when it becomes probable that the Company and its subsidiaries will be able to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of these loans and lease receivables, as evidenced by continual payments from the debtors. The period of such continual payments before returning to accrual status varies depending on factors that are considered relevant in assessing the debtor’s creditworthiness, such as the debtor’s business characteristics and financial conditions as well as relevant economic conditions and trends.

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The following table provides information about modifications of financing receivables made to debtors experiencing financial difficulty that occurred during the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025:

Six months ended September 30, 2024
Millions of yen
Portfolio segment	Term extension			Principal forgiveness			Combination - interest rate reduction and term extension
Class	Amortized cost basis	% of total class of financing receivable		Amortized cost basis	% of total class of financing receivable		Amortized cost basis	% of total class of financing receivable
Consumer borrowers	¥	44	0.0	¥	0	0	¥	106	0.0
Other		44	0.1		0	0		106	0.2
Corporate borrowers		1,875	0.1		11	0.0		4,895	0.3
Other than non-recourse loans		1,875	0.2		11	0.0		4,895	0.4
Real estate companies in Japan		1,345	0.4		0	0		0	0
Commercial, industrial and other companies in Japan		530	0.3		0	0		0	0
Commercial, industrial and other companies in overseas		0	0		11	0.0		4,895	0.9
Loans to Equity method investees		891	0.6		0	0		0	0
Total	¥	2,810	0.1	¥	11	0.0	¥	5,001	0.1

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Six months ended September 30, 2025
Millions of yen
Portfolio segment	Interest rate reduction			Term extension			Principal forgiveness
Class	Amortized cost basis	% of total class of financing receivable		Amortized cost basis	% of total class of financing receivable		Amortized cost basis	% of total class of financing receivable
Consumer borrowers	¥	0	0	¥	10	0.0	¥	6	0.0
Other		0	0		10	0.0		0	0
Corporate borrowers		2,414	0.1		8,305	0.4		6	0.0
Other than non-recourse loans		2,414	0.2		8,305	0.6		6	0.0
Real estate companies in Japan		0	0		289	0.1		0	0
Commercial, industrial and other companies in Japan		0	0		433	0.2		0	0
Commercial, industrial and other companies in overseas		2,414	0.4		7,583	1.4		6	0.0
Net investment in leases		0	0		102	0.0		0	0
Japan		0	0		102	0.0		0	0
Total	¥	2,414	0.0	¥	8,417	0.2	¥	12	0.0

Portfolio segment — Class	Combination - interest rate reduction and term extension — Amortized cost basis	% of total class of financing receivable		Combination - interest rate reduction, term extension and principal forgiveness — Amortized cost basis	% of total class of financing receivable
Consumer borrowers	¥	0	0	¥	0	0
Other		0	0		0	0
Corporate borrowers		49	0.0		1,201	0.1
Other than non-recourse loans		49	0.0		1,201	0.1
Real estate companies in Japan		0	0		0	0
Commercial, industrial and other companies in Japan		0	0		0	0
Commercial, industrial and other companies in overseas		49	0.0		1,201	0.2
Net investment in leases		0	0		0	0
Japan		0	0		0	0
Total	¥	49	0.0	¥	1,201	0.0

The Company and its subsidiaries offer various types of concessions to the debtors to protect as much of the investment as possible in modifications of financing receivables made to debtors experiencing financial difficulty. For the debtors of all financing receivables, the Company and its subsidiaries offer concessions including an interest rate reduction and a term extension. In addition, for the debtors of all financing receivables other than non-recourse loans, the Company and its subsidiaries also offer concessions such as a principal forgiveness or a temporary reduction in the interest payments. Furthermore, the Company and its subsidiaries may acquire collateral assets from the debtors in modifications of financing receivables made to debtors experiencing financial difficulty to satisfy fully or partially the loan principal or past due interest.

In common with all portfolio segments, financing receivables modified to debtors experiencing financial difficulty are recognized as impaired and are individually evaluated for allowance for credit losses, taking into account payment default and repayment status after modifications. In most cases, these financing receivables have already been considered impaired and individually evaluated for allowance for credit losses prior to the modifications. However, as a result of the modification, the Company and its subsidiaries may recognize additional allowance for credit losses for the modified receivables.

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The following table provides information about the financial effect of the modifications of financing receivables made to debtors experiencing financial difficulty that occurred during the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025:

Six months ended September 30, 2024
Millions of yen
Portfolio segment	Financial effect
Class	Interest rate reduction	Term extension	Principal forgiveness
Consumer borrowers
Other	Reduced weighted-average contractual interest rate from 16.8 % to 11.9 %.	Added a weighted-average 2.4 years to the life of loans.	—
Corporate borrowers
Other than non-recourse loans
Real estate companies in Japan	—	Added a weighted-average 2.6 years to the life of loans.	—
Commercial, industrial and other companies in Japan	—	Added a weighted-average 1.0 years to the life of loans.	—
Commercial, industrial and other companies in overseas	Reduced weighted-average contractual interest rate from 14.3 % to 12.9 %.	Added a weighted-average 2.3 years to the life of loans.	Reduced the amortized cost basis of the loans by ¥ 7 million.
Loans to Equity method investees	—	Added a weighted-average 0.5 years to the life of loans.	—
Six months ended September 30, 2025
Millions of yen
Portfolio segment	Financial effect
Class	Interest rate reduction	Term extension	Principal forgiveness
Consumer borrowers
Real estate loans	—	—	Reduced the amortized cost basis of the loans by ¥ 54 million.
Other	—	Added a weighted-average 1.0 years to the life of loans.	—
Corporate borrowers
Other than non-recourse loans
Real estate companies in Japan	—	Added a weighted-average 0.5 years to the life of loans.	—
Commercial, industrial and other companies in Japan	—	Added a weighted-average 0.9 years to the life of loans.	—
Commercial, industrial and other companies in overseas	Reduced weighted-average contractual interest rate from 13.1 % to 3.3 %.	Added a weighted-average 0.5 years to the life of loans.	Reduced the amortized cost basis of the loans by ¥ 1,099 million.
Net investment in leases
Japan	—	Added a weighted-average 0.2 years to the life of loans.	—

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The following table provides information about financing receivable that had a payment default and had been modified, when the debtor was experiencing financial difficulty, within the previous 12 months preceding the payment default date during the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025:

Six months ended September 30, 2024
Millions of yen
Portfolio segment
Class	Interest rate reduction		Term extension		Principal forgiveness		Combination - interest rate reduction and term extension		Combination - interest rate reduction and principal forgiveness		Combination - term extension and principal forgiveness
Consumer borrowers	¥	0	¥	0	¥	0	¥	20	¥	0	¥	0
Other		0		0		0		20		0		0
Total	¥	0	¥	0	¥	0	¥	20	¥	0	¥	0

During the six ended September 30, 2025, there was no financing receivable that had a payment default and had been modified, when the debtor was experiencing financial difficulty, within the previous 12 months preceding the payment default date.

The Company and its subsidiaries consider financing receivables whose terms have been modified to debtors experiencing financial difficulty as defaulted receivables when principal or interest is past-due 90 days or more in accordance with the modified terms.

The following table provides information about the past-due financial assets modified to debtors experiencing financial difficulty within the previous 12 months from March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025:

March 31, 2025
	Millions of yen
Portfolio segment	Current		30-89 days past-due		90 days or more past-due
Class
Consumer borrowers	¥	173	¥	1	¥	17
Other		173		1		17
Corporate borrowers		23,857		2,141		45
Non-recourse loans		0		2,141		0
The Americas		0		2,141		0
Other than non-recourse loans		23,857		0		45
Real estate companies in Japan		1,243		0		29
Real estate companies in overseas		1,701		0		0
Commercial, industrial and other companies in Japan		623		0		0
Commercial, industrial and other companies in overseas		20,290		0		16
Loans to Equity method investees		933		0		0
Total	¥	24,963	¥	2,142	¥	62
September 30, 2025
	Millions of yen
Portfolio segment	Current		30-89 days past-due		90 days or more past-due
Class
Consumer borrowers	¥	45	¥	0	¥	6
Real estate loans		0		0		6
Other		45		0		0
Corporate borrowers		16,348		0		40
Other than non-recourse loans		16,348		0		40
Real estate companies in Japan		262		0		27
Commercial, industrial and other companies in Japan		540		0		0
Commercial, industrial and other companies in overseas		15,546		0		13
Net investment in leases		102		0		0
Japan		102		0		0
Total	¥	16,495	¥	0	¥	46

As of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, there were no foreclosed residential real estate properties. The carrying amounts of installment loans in consumer mortgage loans collateralized by residential real estate property that are in the process of foreclosure were ¥ 79 million and ¥ 152 million as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, respectively.

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Investment in Securities

Investment in securities as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025 consis ts of the following:

	Millions of yen — March 31, 2025		September 30, 2025
Equity securities *	¥	626,910	¥	689,443
Trading debt securities		0		834
Available-for-sale debt securities		2,607,637		2,703,054
Total	¥	3,234,547	¥	3,393,331

The amount of assets under management of variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts included in equity securities were ¥ 132,313 million and ¥ 141,122 million as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, respectively. The amount of investment funds and others that elected the fair value option and were included in equity securities were ¥ 24,960 million and ¥ 24,488 million as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, respectively.

Gains and losses realized from the sale of equity securities and net unrealized holding gains (losses) on equity securities are included in gains on investment securities and dividends, life insurance premiums and related investment income, and write-downs of securities. For further information, see Note 17 “Income and Expenses Relating to Life Insurance Operations.” Net unrealized holding gains (losses) on equity securities held as of September 30, 2024 and 2025 were losses of ¥ 1,992 million and gains of ¥ 64,276 million for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025, respectively, which does not include net unrealized holding gains (losses) on investment funds and others that elected the fair value option.

Equity securities include non-marketable equity securities and preferred equity securities, etc. elected for the measurement alternative. Upward or downward adjustments resulting from observable price changes are included in gains on investment securities and dividends and life insurance premiums and related investment income. Impairments are included in write-downs of securities.

The following tables provide information about impairment and upward or downward adjustments resulting from observable price changes as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, and for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025.

	Millions of yen
	March 31, 2025							Six months ended September 30, 2024
	Carrying value		Accumulated impairments and downward adjustments			Accumulated upward adjustments		Impairments and downward adjustments			Upward adjustments
Equity securities measured using the measurement alternative	¥	89,554	¥	( 16,955	)	¥	3,643	¥	( 780	)	¥	634
	Millions of yen
	September 30, 2025							Six months ended September 30, 2025
	Carrying value		Accumulated impairments and downward adjustments			Accumulated upward adjustments		Impairments and downward adjustments			Upward adjustments
Equity securities measured using the measurement alternative	¥	101,878	¥	( 17,611	)	¥	15,095	¥	( 858	)	¥	12,363

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Gains and losses realized from the sale of trading debt securities and net unrealized holding gains (losses) on trading debt securities are included in gains on investment securities and dividends. There were no net unrealized holding gains (losses) recognized on trading debt securities held as of September 30, 2024 for the six months ended September 30, 2024. Net unrealized holding gains (losses) on trading debt securities held as of September 30, 2025 were gains of ¥ 5 million for the six months ended September 30, 2025.

Certain subsidiaries elected the fair value option for certain investments in investment funds and others included in equity securities whose net asset values do not represent the fair value of investments due to the illiquid nature of these investments. The subsidiaries manage these investments on a fair value basis and the election of the fair value option enables the subsidiaries to reflect more appropriate assumptions to measure the fair value of these investments. As of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, these investments were fair valued at ¥ 24,960 million and ¥ 24,488 million, respectively.

A certain subsidiary elected the fair value option for investments in foreign government bond securities included in available-for-sale debt securities to mitigate volatility in the consolidated statements of income caused by the difference in recognition of gain or loss that would otherwise exist between the foreign government bond securities and the derivatives used to reduce the risks of fluctuations in market interest rates and exchange rates on these foreign government bond securities. As of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, these investments were fair valued at ¥ 5,379 million and ¥ 5,335 million, respectively.

A certain subsidiary elected the fair value option for investments in foreign corporate debt securities included in available-for-sale debt securities to mitigate volatility in the consolidated statements of income caused by the difference in recognition of gain or loss that would otherwise exist between the foreign corporate debt securities and the derivatives used to reduce the risks of fluctuations in market interest rates and exchange rates on these foreign corporate debt securities. As of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, these investments were fair valued at ¥ 10,679 million and ¥ 11,676 million, respectively.

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The amortized cost basis amounts, gross unrealized holding gains, gross unrealized holding losses and fair values of available-for-sale debt securities in each major security type as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025 are as follows:

March 31, 2025

	Millions of yen
	Amortized cost		Allowance for credit losses			Gross unrealized gains		Gross unrealized losses			Fair value
Available-for-sale debt securities:
Japanese and foreign government bond securities	¥	1,520,672	¥	0		¥	1,325	¥	( 429,471	)	¥	1,092,526
Japanese prefectural and foreign municipal bond securities		439,565		( 245	)		2,408		( 34,898	)		406,830
Corporate debt securities		906,297		( 34	)		15,246		( 118,964	)		802,545
CMBS and RMBS in the Americas		106,578		0			1,053		( 880	)		106,751
Other asset-backed securities and debt securities		200,924		( 391	)		5,438		( 6,986	)		198,985
	¥	3,174,036	¥	( 670	)	¥	25,470	¥	( 591,199	)	¥	2,607,637
September 30, 2025
	Millions of yen
	Amortized cost		Allowance for credit losses			Gross unrealized gains		Gross unrealized losses			Fair value
Available-for-sale debt securities:
Japanese and foreign government bond securities	¥	1,607,338	¥	0		¥	153	¥	( 549,209	)	¥	1,058,282
Japanese prefectural and foreign municipal bond securities		440,413		( 244	)		4,320		( 34,524	)		409,965
Corporate debt securities		1,051,245		( 8	)		25,781		( 135,899	)		941,119
CMBS and RMBS in the Americas		131,783		0			1,505		( 992	)		132,296
Other asset-backed securities and debt securities		163,904		( 519	)		5,623		( 7,616	)		161,392
	¥	3,394,683	¥	( 771	)	¥	37,382	¥	( 728,240	)	¥	2,703,054

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The following table presents roll-forwards of the allowance for credit losses for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025, respectively:

	Millions of yen
	Six months ended September 30, 2024
	Foreign municipal bond securities		Foreign other asset- backed securities and debt securities		Total
Beginning	¥	248	¥	386	¥	634
Additions to the allowance for credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities for which credit losses were not previously recorded		0		35		35
Additional increases to the allowance for credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities that had an allowance recorded in a previous period		0		31		31
Increase (Decrease) from the effects of changes in foreign exchange rates		( 14	)	( 146	)	( 160	)
Ending	¥	234	¥	306	¥	540

	Millions of yen
	Six months ended September 30, 2025
	Foreign municipal bond securities		Foreign corporate debt securities		Foreign other asset-backed securities and debt securities		Total
Beginning	¥	245	¥	34	¥	391	¥	670
Additions to the allowance for credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities for which credit losses were not previously recorded		0		0		128		128
Additional increases (decreases) to the allowance for credit losses on AFS debt securities that had an allowance recorded in a previous period, net		0		( 26	)	0		( 26	)
Increase (Decrease) from the effects of changes in foreign exchange rates		( 1	)	0		0		( 1	)
Ending	¥	244	¥	8	¥	519	¥	771

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The following tables provide information about available-for-sale debt securities with gross unrealized losses (including allowance for credit losses) and the length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, respectively:

March 31, 2025

	Millions of yen
	Less than 12 months					12 months or more					Total
	Fair value		Gross unrealized losses			Fair value		Gross unrealized losses			Fair value		Gross unrealized losses
Available-for-sale debt securities:
Japanese and foreign government bond securities	¥	132,283	¥	( 9,785	)	¥	913,742	¥	( 419,686	)	¥	1,046,025	¥	( 429,471	)
Japanese prefectural and foreign municipal bond securities		95,936		( 3,409	)		224,679		( 31,734	)		320,615		( 35,143	)
Corporate debt securities		152,094		( 5,196	)		427,837		( 113,802	)		579,931		( 118,998	)
CMBS and RMBS in the Americas		16,940		( 103	)		15,817		( 777	)		32,757		( 880	)
Other asset-backed securities and debt securities		56,671		( 411	)		35,183		( 6,966	)		91,854		( 7,377	)
	¥	453,924	¥	( 18,904	)	¥	1,617,258	¥	( 572,965	)	¥	2,071,182	¥	( 591,869	)
September 30, 2025
	Millions of yen
	Less than 12 months					12 months or more					Total
	Fair value		Gross unrealized losses			Fair value		Gross unrealized losses			Fair value		Gross unrealized losses
Available-for-sale debt securities:
Japanese and foreign government bond securities	¥	152,319	¥	( 19,752	)	¥	894,100	¥	( 529,457	)	¥	1,046,419	¥	( 549,209	)
Japanese prefectural and foreign municipal bond securities		90,381		( 1,971	)		191,160		( 32,797	)		281,541		( 34,768	)
Corporate debt securities		113,776		( 4,303	)		407,541		( 131,604	)		521,317		( 135,907	)
CMBS and RMBS in the Americas		17,558		( 36	)		13,035		( 956	)		30,593		( 992	)
Other asset-backed securities and debt securities		12,734		( 66	)		36,697		( 8,069	)		49,431		( 8,135	)
	¥	386,768	¥	( 26,128	)	¥	1,542,533	¥	( 702,883	)	¥	1,929,301	¥	( 729,011	)

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The following table provides information about available-for-sale debt securities with gross unrealized losses for which allowance for credit losses were not recorded and the length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, respectively:

March 31, 2025

	Millions of yen
	Less than 12 months					12 months or more					Total
	Fair value		Gross unrealized losses			Fair value		Gross unrealized losses			Fair value		Gross unrealized losses
Available-for-sale debt securities:
Japanese and foreign government bond securities	¥	132,283	¥	( 9,785	)	¥	913,742	¥	( 419,686	)	¥	1,046,025	¥	( 429,471	)
Japanese prefectural and foreign municipal bond securities		94,691		( 3,325	)		220,950		( 31,573	)		315,641		( 34,898	)
Corporate debt securities		149,367		( 5,128	)		427,837		( 113,802	)		577,204		( 118,930	)
CMBS and RMBS in the Americas		16,940		( 103	)		15,817		( 777	)		32,757		( 880	)
Other asset-backed securities and debt securities		56,671		( 340	)		34,868		( 6,553	)		91,539		( 6,893	)
	¥	449,952	¥	( 18,681	)	¥	1,613,214	¥	( 572,391	)	¥	2,063,166	¥	( 591,072	)
September 30, 2025
	Millions of yen
	Less than 12 months					12 months or more					Total
	Fair value		Gross unrealized losses			Fair value		Gross unrealized losses			Fair value		Gross unrealized losses
Available-for-sale debt securities:
Japanese and foreign government bond securities	¥	152,319	¥	( 19,752	)	¥	894,100	¥	( 529,457	)	¥	1,046,419	¥	( 549,209	)
Japanese prefectural and foreign municipal bond securities		90,381		( 1,971	)		186,271		( 32,553	)		276,652		( 34,524	)
Corporate debt securities		113,111		( 4,291	)		407,541		( 131,604	)		520,652		( 135,895	)
CMBS and RMBS in the Americas		17,558		( 36	)		13,035		( 956	)		30,593		( 992	)
Other asset-backed securities and debt securities		12,734		5			35,168		( 7,411	)		47,902		( 7,406	)
	¥	386,103	¥	( 26,045	)	¥	1,536,115	¥	( 701,981	)	¥	1,922,218	¥	( 728,026	)

The number of investment securities that were in an unrealized loss position as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025 were 1,272 and 1,113 , respectively. The gross unrealized losses on these debt securities are attributable to a number of factors including changes in interest rates, credit spreads and market trends.

As of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, the amount of accrued revenues on available-for-sale debt securities were ¥ 14,545 million and ¥ 14,761 million, respectively, which were included in other assets. The Company and its subsidiaries estimate credit losses and develop an allowance for credit losses for accrued interest receivables. There was no allowance for credit losses for accrued interest receivables as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025.

For available-for-sale debt securities, if the fair value is less than the amortized cost, the debt securities are impaired. The Company and its subsidiaries identify per each impaired security whether the decline of fair value is due to credit losses component or non-credit losses component. Impairment related to credit losses is recognized in earning through an allowance for credit losses. Impairment related to other factors than credit losses is recognized in other comprehensive income (loss), net of applicable income taxes. In estimating an allowance of credit losses, the Company and its subsidiaries consider the existence of credit losses if the present value of estimated cash flows is less than the amortized cost basis. When the Company and its subsidiaries intend to sell the debt securities for which an allowance for credit losses is previously established or it is more likely than not that the Company and its subsidiaries will be required to sell the debt securities before recovery of the amortized cost basis, the allowance for credit losses is fully written-off and the amortized cost is reduced to the fair value after recognizing additional impairment in earnings. In addition, the Company and its subsidiaries recognize in earnings the full difference between the amortized cost and the fair value of the debt securities by direct write-down, without any allowance for credit losses, if the debt securities are expected to be sold and the fair value is less than the amortized cost.

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Credit losses related to available-for-sale debt securities recognized for the six months ended September 30, 2024 resulted from foreign other asset-backed securities and debt securities due to the deterioration of cash flows. Reversals of credit losses related to available-for-sale debt securities recognized for the six months ended September 30, 2025 resulted from an increase in the fair value of foreign corporate debt securities for which credit losses had been recorded as of March 31, 2025. Additionally, credit losses were recognized for other overseas available-for-sale debt securities due to a deterioration of cash flows. The evaluation of credit losses with available-for-sale debt securities is compared to the amortized cost of debt securities with the present value of cash flows estimated based on a number of overall conditions, including estimated fair value of the underlying receivables and the repayment priority of the securities. Because the Company and its subsidiaries do not intend to sell the debt security and it is not more likely than not that the Company and its subsidiaries will be required to sell the debt security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, the Company and its subsidiaries recognized the allowance for credit losses.

Unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt securities mainly result from changes in market interest rates and foreign exchange rates, and changes in risk premiums. In order to evaluate the recoverability of the available-for-sale debt securities, the Company and its subsidiaries utilize all available information such as an issuer’s financial condition and business outlook. The fair value of Japanese and foreign government bond securities, Japanese prefectural and foreign municipal bond, and corporate debt securities is mainly estimated based on prices for similar assets. If there are no prices for similar assets available, the fair value of these securities is estimated by using discounted cash flow methodologies and broker quotes. The fair value of CMBS and RMBS in the Americas and other asset-backed securities and debt securities refers to prices from independent pricing service vendors and brokers, such as trading prices and bit prices. If the Company and its subsidiaries cannot rely on such prices, the fair value is calculated by using discounted cash flow methodologies and broker quotes. In discounted cash flow methodologies, future cash flows estimated based on a number of assumptions such as default rate, prepayment rate, and seniority are discounted by discount rate adjusted for credit risk and liquidity risk.

There were no available-for-sale debt securities accounted for as purchased credit deterioration financial assets acquired for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025.

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Transfer of Financial Assets

The Company and its subsidiaries have securitized and transferred financial assets such as installment loans (commercial mortgage loans, housing loans and other).

In the securitization process, these financial assets are transferred to SPEs that issue beneficial interests of the securitization trusts and securities backed by the financial assets to investors. The cash flows collected from these assets transferred to the SPEs are then used to repay these asset-backed beneficial interests and securities. As the transferred assets are isolated from the Company and its subsidiaries, the investors and the SPEs have no recourse to other assets of the Company and its subsidiaries in cases where the debtors or the issuers of the transferred financial assets fail to perform under the original terms of those financial assets.

The Company and its subsidiaries often have continuing involvement with transferred financial assets by retaining the servicing arrangements and the interests in the SPEs in the form of the beneficial interest of the securitization trusts. Those interests that continue to be held include interests in the transferred assets and are often subordinate to other tranche(s) of the securitization. Those beneficial interests that continue to be held by the Company and its subsidiaries are subject to credit risk, interest rate risk and prepayment risk on the securitized financial assets. With regards to these subordinated interests that the Company and its subsidiaries retain, they are subordinated to the senior investments and are exposed to different credit and prepayment risks, since they first absorb the risk of the decline in the cash flows from the financial assets transferred to the SPEs for defaults and prepayment of the transferred assets. If there is any excess cash remaining in the SPEs after payment to investors in the securitization of the contractual rate of returns, most of such excess cash is distributed to the Company and its subsidiaries for payments of the subordinated interests. SPEs used in securitization transactions have been consolidated if the Company and its subsidiaries are the primary beneficiary of the SPEs.

When the Company and its subsidiaries have transferred financial assets to a transferee that is not subject to consolidation, the Company and its subsidiaries account for the transfer as a sale if control over the transferred assets is surrendered.

For the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025, the amount of installment loans that has been derecognized due to new securitization and transfer of loans were ¥ 295,259 million and ¥ 423,380 million, respectively. For the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025, gains (losses) from the securitization and transfer of loans were ¥ 7,678 million and ¥ 9,602 million, respectively, which is included in finance revenues in the consolidated statements of income.

A certain subsidiary originates and sells loans into the secondary market while retaining the obligation to service those loans. In addition, the subsidiary undertakes obligations to service loans originated by others. The servicing assets related to those servicing activities are included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheets and roll-forwards of the amount of the servicing assets for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025 are as follows:

	Millions of yen
	Six months ended September 30, 2024		Six months ended September 30, 2025
Beginning balance	¥	79,723	¥	76,456
Increase mainly from loans sold with servicing retained		3,340		5,037
Decrease mainly from amortization		( 5,056	)	( 5,509	)
Increase (Decrease) from the effects of changes in foreign exchange rates		( 4,453	)	( 334	)
Ending balance	¥	73,554	¥	75,650

The fair value of the servicing assets as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025 are as follows:

	Millions of yen — March 31, 2025		September 30, 2025
Beginning balance	¥	122,641	¥	116,745
Ending balance	¥	116,745	¥	118,126

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Variable Interest Entities

The Company and its subsidiaries use SPEs in the ordinary course of business.

These SPEs are not always controlled by voting rights, and there are cases where voting rights do not exist for these SPEs. The Company and its subsidiaries determine a variable interest entity (hereinafter, “VIE”) among those SPEs when (a) the total equity investment at risk is not sufficient to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support provided by any parties, including the equity holders or (b) as a group, the holders of the equity investment at risk do not have (1) the ability to make decisions about an entity’s activities that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance through voting rights or similar rights, (2) the obligation to absorb the expected losses of the entity or (3) the right to receive the expected residual returns of the entity.

The Company and its subsidiaries perform a qualitative analysis to identify the primary beneficiary of VIEs. An enterprise that has both of the following characteristics is considered to be the primary beneficiary and therefore results in the consolidation of the VIE:

• the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance; and

• the obligation to absorb losses of the entity that could potentially be significant to the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the entity that could potentially be significant to the VIE.

All facts and circumstances are taken into consideration when determining whether the Company and its subsidiaries have variable interests that would deem it the primary beneficiary and therefore require consolidation of the VIE. The Company and its subsidiaries make ongoing reassessment of whether they are the primary beneficiaries of a VIE.

The following are the factors that the Company and its subsidiaries are considering in a qualitative assessment:

• which activities most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIE and who has the power to direct such activities;

• characteristics of the Company and its subsidiaries’ variable interest or interests and other involvements (including involvement of related parties and de facto agents);

• involvement of other variable interest holders; and

• the entity’s purpose and design, including the risks that the entity was designed to create and pass through to its variable interest holders.

The Company and its subsidiaries generally consider the following types of involvement to be significant when determining the primary beneficiary:

• designing the structuring of a transaction;

• providing an equity investment and debt financing;

• being the investment manager, asset manager or servicer and receiving variable fees; and

• providing liquidity and other financial support.

The Company and its subsidiaries do not have the power to direct activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance if that power is shared among multiple unrelated parties, and accordingly do not consolidate such VIE.

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Information about VIEs (consolidated and non-consolidated) for the Company and its subsidiaries are as follows:

Consolidated VIEs

March 31, 2025

Types of VIEs	Millions of yen — Total assets *1		Total liabilities*1		Assets which are pledged as collateral *2		Commitments *3
(a) VIEs for acquisition of real estate and real estate development projects for customers	¥	0	¥	0	¥	0	¥	0
(b) VIEs for acquisition of real estate for the Company and its subsidiaries’ real estate-related business		51,025		10,956		16,769		0
(c) VIEs for corporate rehabilitation support business		5,069		8		0		0
(d) VIEs for investment in securities		225,040		111		0		85,069
(e) VIEs for securitizing financial assets such as finance lease receivable and loan receivable		85,765		66,914		85,765		0
(f) VIEs for securitization of loan receivable originated by third parties		0		0		0		0
(g) VIEs for power generation projects		112,360		76,429		105,499		56,959
(h) Other VIEs		146,801		65,311		135,064		0
Total	¥	626,060	¥	219,729	¥	343,097	¥	142,028
September 30, 2025
	Millions of yen
Types of VIEs	Total assets *1		Total liabilities *1		Assets which are pledged as collateral *2		Commitments *3
(a) VIEs for acquisition of real estate and real estate development projects for customers	¥	0	¥	0	¥	0	¥	0
(b) VIEs for acquisition of real estate for the Company and its subsidiaries’ real estate-related business		33,737		2,679		0		0
(c) VIEs for corporate rehabilitation support business		0		0		0		0
(d) VIEs for investment in securities		258,607		137		0		84,854
(e) VIEs for securitizing financial assets such as finance lease receivable and loan receivable		29,404		27,793		29,404		0
(f) VIEs for securitization of loan receivable originated by third parties		0		0		0		0
(g) VIEs for power generation projects		112,142		72,764		103,348		58,645
(h) Other VIEs		168,951		73,319		139,903		0
Total	¥	602,841	¥	176,692	¥	272,655	¥	143,499

*1 The assets of most VIEs are used only to repay the liabilities of the VIEs, and the creditors of the liabilities of most VIEs have no recourse to other assets of the Company and its subsidiaries.

*2 The assets are pledged as collateral by VIE for financing of the VIE.

*3 This item represents remaining balance of commitments that could require the Company and its subsidiaries to provide investments or loans to the VIE.

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Non-consolidated VIEs

March 31, 2025

	Millions of yen
			Carrying amount of the variable interests in the VIEs held by the Company and its subsidiaries				Maximum exposure to loss *
Types of VIEs	Total assets		Non-recourse loans		Investments
(a) VIEs for acquisition of real estate and real estate development projects for customers	¥	1,859,420	¥	132,495	¥	11,224	¥	149,602
(b) VIEs for acquisition of real estate for the Company and its subsidiaries’ real estate-related business		0		0		0		0
(c) VIEs for corporate rehabilitation support business		0		0		0		0
(d) VIEs for investment in securities		32,105,994		0		272,927		375,942
(e) VIEs for securitizing financial assets such as finance lease receivable and loan receivable		0		0		0		0
(f) VIEs for securitization of loan receivable originated by third parties		760,293		0		16,437		16,437
(g) VIEs for power generation projects		19,499		0		3,945		5,195
(h) Other VIEs		2,914,618		3,732		51,661		75,479
Total	¥	37,659,824	¥	136,227	¥	356,194	¥	622,655
September 30, 2025
	Millions of yen
			Carrying amount of the variable interests in the VIEs held by the Company and its subsidiaries				Maximum exposure to loss *
Types of VIEs	Total assets		Non-recourse loans		Investments
(a) VIEs for acquisition of real estate and real estate development projects for customers	¥	2,080,617	¥	172,225	¥	11,982	¥	196,850
(b) VIEs for acquisition of real estate for the Company and its subsidiaries’ real estate-related business		0		0		0		0
(c) VIEs for corporate rehabilitation support business		0		0		0		0
(d) VIEs for investment in securities		37,045,631		0		317,948		425,015
(e) VIEs for securitizing financial assets such as finance lease receivable and loan receivable		5,262		0		2,850		2,850
(f) VIEs for securitization of loan receivable originated by third parties		652,360		0		15,992		15,992
(g) VIEs for power generation projects		23,946		0		5,467		5,467
(h) Other VIEs		3,723,984		0		67,396		84,771
Total	¥	43,531,800	¥	172,225	¥	421,635	¥	730,945

Maximum exposure to loss includes remaining balance of commitments that could require the Company and its subsidiaries to provide investments or loans to the VIE.

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(a) VIEs for acquisition of real estate and real estate development projects for customers

Customers and the Company and its subsidiaries are involved with VIEs formed to acquire real estate and/or develop real estate projects. In each case, a customer establishes and makes an equity investment in a VIE that is designed to be bankruptcy remote from the customer. The VIEs acquire real estate and/or develop real estate projects.

With respect to variable interests of non-consolidated VIEs held by the Company and its subsidiaries, non-recourse loans are included in installment loans, and investments are mainly included in investment in securities, equity method investments and other assets in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The Company and its subsidiaries concluded that the VIEs are not consolidated because the power to direct these VIEs is held by unrelated parties. In some cases, the Company and its subsidiaries concluded that the VIEs are not consolidated because the power to direct these VIEs is shared among multiple unrelated parties. Certain subsidiaries have commitment agreements by which the Company and its subsidiaries may be required to make additional investment in certain such non-consolidated VIEs.

(b) VIEs for acquisition of real estate for the Company and its subsidiaries’ real estate-related business

The Company and its subsidiaries establish VIEs and acquire real estate to borrow non-recourse loans from financial institutions and simplify the administration activities necessary for the real estate.

The Company and its subsidiaries consolidate such VIEs even though the Company and its subsidiaries may not have voting rights if substantially all of such VIEs’ subordinated interests are issued to the Company and its subsidiaries, and therefore the VIEs are controlled by and for the benefit of the Company and its subsidiaries.

In the Company’s consolidated balance sheets, assets of the consolidated VIEs are mainly included in cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, investment in operating leases, investment in securities, property under facility operations and other assets, and liabilities of those consolidated VIEs are mainly included in long-term debt and other liabilities.

Financial institutions, the Company and its subsidiaries are involved with VIEs established for the corporate rehabilitation support business. VIEs receive the funds from investors including the financial institutions, the Company and the subsidiary, and purchase loan receivables due from borrowers which have financial problems, but are deemed to have the potential to recover in the future. The servicing operations for the VIEs are conducted by the subsidiary.

The Company and its subsidiaries consolidated such VIEs since the Company and its subsidiaries have the majority of the investment share of such VIEs, and have the power to direct the activities of the VIEs that most significantly impact the entities’ economic performance through the servicing operations.

In the Company’s consolidated balance sheets, assets of the consolidated VIEs are mainly included in installment loans, and liabilities of those consolidated VIEs are mainly included in other liabilities.

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(d) VIEs for investment in securities

The Company and its subsidiaries have interests in VIEs that are investment funds and mainly invest in equity and debt securities. Such VIEs are managed by certain subsidiaries or fund management companies that are independent of the Company and its subsidiaries.

Certain subsidiaries consolidated certain such VIEs since the subsidiaries have the majority of the investment share of them, and have the power to direct the activities of those VIEs that most significantly impact the entities’ economic performance through involvement with the design of the VIEs or other means.

In the Company’s consolidated balance sheets, assets of the consolidated VIEs are mainly included in investment in securities and equity method investments, and liabilities of those consolidated VIEs are mainly included in other liabilities. The Company and certain subsidiaries have commitment agreements by which the Company and the subsidiaries may be required to make additional investment or execute loans in certain such consolidated VIEs.

Variable interests of non-consolidated VIEs, which the Company and its subsidiaries have, are included in investment in securities and equity method investments in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The Company and its subsidiaries have commitment agreements by which the Company and its subsidiaries may be required to make additional investment in certain such non-consolidated VIEs.

(e) VIEs for securitizing financial assets such as finance lease receivable and loan receivable

The Company and its subsidiaries use VIEs to securitize financial assets such as loan receivables. In the securitization process, these financial assets are transferred to SPEs, and the SPEs issue beneficial interests or securities backed by the transferred financial assets to investors. After the securitization, the Company and its subsidiaries continue to hold a subordinated part of the securities and act as a servicer.

The Company and its subsidiaries consolidated such VIEs since the Company and its subsidiaries have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance by designing the securitization scheme and conducting servicing activities, and have a responsibility to absorb losses of the VIEs that could potentially be significant to the entities by retaining the subordinated part of the securities.

In the Company’s consolidated balance sheets, assets of the consolidated VIEs are mainly included in restricted cash, net investment in leases and installment loans, and liabilities of those consolidated VIEs are mainly included in long-term debt.

Variable interests of non-consolidated VIEs, which the Company has, are included in installment loans in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.

(f) VIEs for securitization of loan receivable originated by third parties

The Company and its subsidiaries invest in CMBS, RMBS and other asset-backed securities originated by third parties. In some cases of such securitization, certain subsidiaries hold the subordinated portion and the subsidiaries act as a special-servicer of the securitization transaction. As the special servicer, the subsidiaries have rights to dispose of real estate collateral related to the securitized commercial mortgage loans.

Variable interests of non-consolidated VIEs, which the Company and its subsidiaries have, are included in investment in securities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.

(g) VIEs for power generation projects

The Company and its subsidiaries may use VIEs in power generation projects. VIEs receive the funds from the Company and its subsidiaries, construct solar power stations on acquired or leased lands, and sell the generated power to electric power companies. The Company and its subsidiaries have consolidated certain VIEs because the Company and its subsidiaries have the majority of the investment shares of such VIEs and effectively control the VIEs by acting as the asset manager of the VIEs.

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In the Company’s consolidated balance sheets, assets of the consolidated VIEs are mainly included in cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, property under facility operations and other assets, and liabilities of those consolidated VIEs are mainly included in long-term debt and other liabilities. The Company and certain subsidiaries have commitment agreements by which the Company and the subsidiaries may be required to make additional investment or execute loans in certain such consolidated VIEs.

Variable interests of non-consolidated VIEs, which the Company has, are included in equity method investments in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The Company has commitment agreements by which the Company may be required to make additional investment in certain such non-consolidated VIEs.

(h) Other VIEs

The Company and its subsidiaries are involved with other types of VIEs for various purposes. Consolidated and non-consolidated VIEs of this category are mainly kumiai structures. In addition, certain subsidiaries have consolidated VIEs that are not included in the categories (a) through (g) above, because the subsidiaries hold the subordinated portion of the VIEs and the VIEs are effectively controlled by the subsidiaries.

In Japan, certain subsidiaries provide investment products to their customers that employ a contractual mechanism known as a kumiai, which in part result in the subsidiaries forming a type of SPEs. As a way to finance the purchase of aircraft or other large-ticket items to be leased to third parties, the Company and its subsidiaries arrange and market kumiai products to investors, who invest a portion of the funds necessary into the kumiai structure. The remainder of the purchase funds is borrowed by the kumiai structure in the form of a non-recourse loan from one or more financial institutions. The kumiai investors (and any lenders to the kumiai structure) retain all of the economic risks and rewards in connection with purchasing and leasing activities of the kumiai structure, and all related gains or losses are recorded on the financial statements of the investors in the kumiai. The Company and its subsidiaries are responsible for the arrangement and marketing of these products and may act as servicer or administrator in kumiai transactions. The fee income for the arrangement and administration of these transactions is recognized in the Company’s consolidated statements of income. In some cases, the Company and its subsidiaries make investments in the kumiai or its related SPEs, and these VIEs are consolidated because the Company and its subsidiaries have a responsibility to absorb any significant potential loss through the investments and have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact their economic performance. In other cases, the Company and its subsidiaries are not considered to be the primary beneficiary of the VIEs or kumiais because the Company and its subsidiaries did not make significant investments or guarantee or otherwise undertake any significant financial commitments or exposure with respect to the kumiai or its related SPEs.

The Company may use VIEs for financing. The Company transfers its own held assets to SPEs, which borrow non-recourse loan from financial institutions and effectively pledge such assets as collateral. The Company continually holds subordinated interests in the SPEs and performs administrative work of such assets. The Company consolidates such SPEs because the Company has a right to direct the activities of them that most significantly impact their economic performance by setting up the scheme and performing administrative work of the assets and has the obligation to absorb expected losses of them by holding the subordinated interests.

In the Company’s consolidated balance sheets, assets of the consolidated VIEs are mainly included in investment in operating leases, equity method investments, office facilities and other assets, and liabilities of those consolidated VIEs are mainly included in long-term debt and other liabilities.

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Equity method investments

Equity method investments at March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025 consists of the following:

	Millions of yen — March 31, 2025		September 30, 2025
Investment in corporate entities	¥	973,795	¥	825,879
Investment in real estate joint ventures		137,274		144,363
Investment in partnerships and other investments		208,946		270,437
	¥	1,320,015	¥	1,240,679

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests

Changes in redeemable noncontrolling interests for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025 are as follows:

	Millions of yen
	Six months ended September 30, 2024		Six months ended September 30, 2025
Beginning balance	¥	2,645	¥	3,432
Contribution to subsidiary		0		44,847
Transaction with noncontrolling interests		582		515
Adjustment of redeemable noncontrolling interests to redemption value		( 0	)	0
Comprehensive income (losses)
Net income		156		73
Other comprehensive income (losses)
Net change of unrealized gains (losses) on investment in securities		( 12	)	( 6	)
Net change of foreign currency translation adjustments		( 157	)	402
Total other comprehensive income (losses)		( 169	)	396
Comprehensive income (losses)		( 13	)	469
Dividends		( 708	)	( 1,077	)
Ending balance	¥	2,506	¥	48,186

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Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Changes in each component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to ORIX Corporation Shareholders for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025, are as follows:

	Six months ended September 30, 2024
	Millions of yen
	Net unrealized gains (losses) on investment in securities			Impact of changes in policy liability discount rate		Debt valuation adjustments		Defined benefit pension plans		Foreign currency translation adjustments		Net unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments		Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Balance at March 31, 2024	¥	( 250,806	)	¥	257,785	¥	84	¥	9,670	¥	324,208	¥	16,207	¥	357,148
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investment in securities, net of tax of ¥ 21,373 million		( 51,324	)												( 51,324	)
Reclassification adjustment included in net income, net of tax of ¥ 1,380 million		( 3,432	)												( 3,432	)
Impact of changes in policy liability discount rate, net of tax of ¥ 92 million					2,741										2,741
Debt valuation adjustments, net of tax of ¥ 28 million							( 74	)							( 74	)
Reclassification adjustment included in net income, net of tax of ¥ 1 million							( 1	)							( 1	)
Defined benefit pension plans, net of tax of ¥ 178 million									( 352	)					( 352	)
Reclassification adjustment included in net income, net of tax of ¥ 70 million									( 174	)					( 174	)
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax of ¥( 2,971 ) million											( 68,723	)			( 68,723	)
Reclassification adjustment included in net income, net of tax of ¥( 2,332 ) million											5,190				5,190
Net unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments, net of tax of ¥ 2,552 million													( 13,062	)	( 13,062	)
Reclassification adjustment included in net income, net of tax of ¥( 1,397 )million													4,833		4,833
Total other comprehensive income (loss)		( 54,756	)		2,741		( 75	)	( 526	)	( 63,533	)	( 8,229	)	( 124,378	)
Less: Other Comprehensive Loss Attributable to the Noncontrolling Interests		0			0		0		( 1	)	( 1,153	)	( 5	)	( 1,159	)
Less: Other Comprehensive Loss Attributable to the Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests		( 12	)		0		0		0		( 157	)	0		( 169	)
Balance at September 30, 2024 *	¥	( 305,550	)	¥	260,526	¥	9	¥	9,145	¥	261,985	¥	7,983	¥	234,098

As of September 30, 2024, net unrealized gains (losses) on investment in securities contained ¥( 39 ) million (net of tax of ¥ 15 million ) of net unrealized gains (losses) on investment in securities related to available-for-sale debt securities with allowance for credit losses.

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	Six months ended September 30, 2025
	Millions of yen
	Net unrealized gains (losses) on investment in securities			Impact of changes in policy liability discount rate		Debt valuation adjustments		Defined benefit pension plans		Foreign currency translation adjustments		Net unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments		Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Balance at March 31, 2025	¥	( 403,914	)	¥	416,124	¥	49	¥	14,791	¥	304,657	¥	9,591	¥	341,298
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investment in securities, net of tax of ¥ 33,944 million		( 83,351	)												( 83,351	)
Reclassification adjustment included in net income, net of tax of ¥ 1,767 million		( 4,714	)												( 4,714	)
Impact of changes in policy liability discount rate, net of tax of ¥( 108,460 ) million					311,459										311,459
Debt valuation adjustments, net of tax of ¥( 78 ) million							192								192
Reclassification adjustment included in net income, net of tax of ¥ 1 million							( 4	)							( 4	)
Defined benefit pension plans, net of tax of ¥ ( 2,580 ) million									5,716						5,716
Reclassification adjustment included in net income, net of tax of ¥ 69 million									( 171	)					( 171	)
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax of ¥ 14,315 million											1,701				1,701
Reclassification adjustment included in net income, net of tax of ¥ 3,134 million											( 6,689	)			( 6,689	)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments, net of tax of ¥( 13 ) million													( 3,585	)	( 3,585	)
Reclassification adjustment included in net income, net of tax of ¥ 1,417 million													( 3,508	)	( 3,508	)
Total other comprehensive income (loss)		( 88,065	)		311,459		188		5,545		( 4,988	)	( 7,093	)	217,046
Transaction with noncontrolling interests		0			0		0		0		28		0		28
Less: Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to the Noncontrolling Interests		0			0		0		( 3 )		( 614	)	( 31	)	( 648	)
Less: Other Comprehensive Loss Attributable to the Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests		( 6	)		0		0		0		402		0		396
Balance at September 30, 2025 *	¥	( 491,973	)	¥	727,583	¥	237	¥	20,339	¥	299,909	¥	2,529	¥	558,624

As of September 30, 2025, net unrealized gains (losses) on investment in securities contained ¥( 186 ) million (net of tax of ¥ 28 million ) of net unrealized gains (losses) on investment in securities related to available-for-sale debt securities with allowance for credit losses.

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Amounts reclassified to net income from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025 are as follows:

Details about accumulated other comprehensive income components	Six months ended September 30, 2024 — Reclassification adjustment included in net income
	Millions of yen			Consolidated statements of income caption
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investment in securities
Sales of debt securities	¥	750		Gains on investment securities and dividends
Sales of debt securities		( 113	)	Life insurance premiums and related investment income
Amortization of debt securities		1,250		Finance revenues
Amortization of debt securities		2,925		Life insurance premiums and related investment income
		4,812		Total before income tax
		( 1,380	)	Income tax (expense) or benefit
	¥	3,432		Net of tax
Debt valuation adjustments
Fulfillment of policy liabilities and amortization of policy account balances	¥	2		Life insurance costs
		2		Total before income tax
		( 1	)	Income tax (expense) or benefit
	¥	1		Net of tax
Defined benefit pension plans
Amortization of prior service credit	¥	198		See Note 16 “Pension Plans”
Amortization of net actuarial loss		47		See Note 16 “Pension Plans”
Amortization of transition obligation		( 1	)	See Note 16 “Pension Plans”
		244		Total before income tax
		( 70	)	Income tax (expense) or benefit
	¥	174		Net of tax
Foreign currency translation adjustments
Foreign exchange contracts	¥	( 8,425	)	Gains on sales of subsidiaries and equity method investments and liquidation losses, net/Interest expense
Sales or liquidation		903		Gains on sales of subsidiaries and equity method investments and liquidation losses, net
		( 7,522	)	Total before income tax
		2,332		Income tax (expense) or benefit
	¥	( 5,190	)	Net of tax
Net unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments
Interest rate swap agreements	¥	68		Interest expense
Foreign currency swap agreements		( 6,294	)	Interest expense/Other (income) and expense
Options held/written and other		( 4	)	Life insurance premiums and related investment income
		( 6,230	)	Total before income tax
		1,397		Income tax (expense) or benefit
	¥	( 4,833	)	Net of tax

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Details about accumulated other comprehensive income components	Six months ended September 30, 2025 — Reclassification adjustment included in net income
	Millions of yen			Consolidated statements of income caption
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investment in securities
Sales of debt securities	¥	( 3,879	)	Gains on investment securities and dividends
Sales of debt securities		571		Life insurance premiums and related investment income
Amortization of debt securities		3,666		Finance revenues
Amortization of debt securities		6,240		Life insurance premiums and related investment income
Others		( 117	)	Write-downs of securities
		6,481		Total before income tax
		( 1,767	)	Income tax (expense) or benefit
	¥	4,714		Net of tax
Debt valuation adjustments
Fulfillment of policy liabilities and amortization of policy account balances	¥	5		Life insurance costs
		5		Total before income tax
		( 1	)	Income tax (expense) or benefit
	¥	4		Net of tax
Defined benefit pension plans
Amortization of prior service credit	¥	169		See Note 16 “Pension Plans”
Amortization of net actuarial loss		71		See Note 16 “Pension Plans”
Amortization of transition obligation		0		See Note 16 “Pension Plans”
		240		Total before income tax
		( 69	)	Income tax (expense) or benefit
	¥	171		Net of tax
Foreign currency translation adjustments
Foreign exchange contracts	¥	2,781		Gains on sales of subsidiaries and equity method investments and liquidation losses, net/Interest expense
Sales or liquidation		7,042		Gains on sales of subsidiaries and equity method investments and liquidation losses, net
		9,823		Total before income tax
		( 3,134	)	Income tax (expense) or benefit
	¥	6,689		Net of tax
Net unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments
Interest rate swap agreements	¥	121		Interest expense
Foreign exchange contracts		3,072		Interest expense/Other (income) and expense
Foreign currency swap agreements		1,782		Interest expense/Other (income) and expense
Options held/written and other		( 50	)	Life insurance premiums and related investment income
		4,925		Total before income tax
		( 1,417	)	Income tax (expense) or benefit
	¥	3,508		Net of tax

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ORIX Corporation Shareholders’ Equity

Information about ORIX Corporation Shareholders’ Equity for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025 are as follows:

(1) Dividend payments

	Six months ended September 30, 2024	Six months ended September 30, 2025
Resolution	The board of directors on May 16, 2024	The board of directors on May 19, 2025
Type of shares	Common stock	Common stock
Total dividends paid	¥ 64,405 million	¥ 65,920 million
Dividend per share	¥ 55.80	¥ 57.84
Date of record for dividend	March 31, 2024	March 31, 2025
Effective date for dividend	June 4, 2024	June 4, 2025
Dividend resource	Retained earnings	Retained earnings

Total dividends paid by resolution of the board of directors on May 16, 2024 include ¥ 152 million of dividends paid to the Board Incentive Plan Trust for the six months ended September 30, 2024. Total dividends paid by resolution of the board of directors on May 1 9 , 202 5 include ¥ 197 million of dividends paid to the Board Incentive Plan Trust for the six months ended September 30, 2025.

(2) Applicable dividends for which the date of record was in the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025, and for which the effective date was after September 30, 2024 and 2025

	Six months ended September 30, 2024	Six months ended September 30, 2025
Resolution	The board of directors on November 8, 2024	The board of directors on November 12, 2025
Type of shares	Common stock	Common stock
Total dividends paid	¥ 71,185 million	¥ 104,883 million
Dividend per share	¥ 62.17	¥ 93.76
Date of record for dividend	September 30, 2024	September 30, 2025
Effective date for dividend	December 9, 2024	December 9, 2025
Dividend resource	Retained earnings	Retained earnings

Total dividends to be paid by resolution of the board of directors on November 8, 2024 include ¥ 220 million of dividends to be paid to the Board Incentive Plan Trust for the six months ended September 30, 2024. Total dividends to be paid by resolution of the board of directors on November 1 2, 2025 include ¥ 317 million of dividends to be paid to the Board Incentive Plan Trust for the six mo nths ended September 30, 2025.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

The major selling, general and administrative expenses for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025 are as follows:

	Millions of yen — Six months ended September 30, 2024		Six months ended September 30, 2025
Personnel expenses	¥	180,611	¥	196,094
IT-related Expenses	¥	27,457	¥	29,937

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Pension Plans

The Company and certain subsidiaries have contributory and non-contributory pension plans covering substantially all of their employees. Those contributory funded pension plans include defined benefit pension plans and defined contribution pension plans. Under the plans, employees are entitled to lump-sum payments at the time of termination of their employment or pension payments. Defined benefit pension plans consist of a plan of which the amounts of such payments are determined on the basis of length of service and remuneration at the time of termination and a cash balance plan.

The Company and certain subsidiaries’ funding policy is to contribute annually the amounts actuarially determined. Assets of the plans are invested primarily in debt securities and marketable equity securities.

Net periodic pension cost for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025 consists of the following:

	Millions of yen
	Six months ended September 30, 2024			Six months ended September 30, 2025
Japanese plans:
Service cost	¥	2,584		¥	2,222
Interest cost	¥	704		¥	975
Expected return on plan assets	¥	( 1,397	)	¥	( 1,372	)
Amortization of prior service credit	¥	( 36	)	¥	( 32	)
Amortization of net actuarial loss	¥	( 49	)	¥	( 69	)
Net periodic pension cost	¥	1,806		¥	1,724
	Millions of yen
	Six months ended September 30, 2024			Six months ended September 30, 2025
Overseas plans:
Service cost	¥	1,654		¥	1,371
Interest cost	¥	2,070		¥	2,302
Expected return on plan assets	¥	( 3,535	)	¥	( 3,601	)
Amortization of prior service credit	¥	( 162	)	¥	( 137	)
Amortization of net actuarial loss	¥	2		¥	( 2	)
Amortization of transition obligation	¥	1		¥	0
Net periodic pension cost	¥	30		¥	( 67	)

Note: Net periodic pension cost is charged in personnel expenses, which is included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of income.

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Income and Expenses Relating to Life Insurance Operations

Life insurance premiums and related investment income for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025 consist of the following:

	Millions of yen — Six months ended September 30, 2024		Six months ended September 30, 2025
Life insurance premiums	¥	229,185	¥	241,599
Life insurance related investment income*		4,623		58,109
	¥	233,808	¥	299,708

Life insurance related investment income for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025 include net unrealized holding of a loss of ¥ 997 million and a gain of ¥ 30,360 million on equity securities held as of September 30, 2024 and 2025, respectively.

Life insurance premiums include reinsurance benefits, net of reinsurance premiums. For the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025, reinsurance benefits and reinsurance premiums included in life insurance premiums are as follows:

	Millions of yen
	Six months ended September 30, 2024		Six months ended September 30, 2025
Reinsurance benefits	¥	969	¥	9,170
Reinsurance premiums		( 2,438	)	( 2,593	)

Life insurance premiums and related investment income include net realized and unrealized gains or losses from investment assets under management on behalf of variable annuity and variable life policyholders, and net gains or losses from derivative contracts, which consist of gains or losses from futures and foreign exchange contracts, entered to economically hedge a portion of the minimum guarantee risk relating to variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts. In addition, the fair value option was elected for the entire variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts to offset earnings recognized for gains or losses from the investment assets managed on behalf of variable annuity and variable life policyholders, derivative contracts and the changes in the fair value of reinsurance contracts. Life insurance costs include the net amount of the changes in fair value of the variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts for which the fair value option was elected and insurance costs recognized for insurance and annuity payouts as a result of insured events. Certain subsidiaries have elected the fair value option for certain reinsurance contracts to partially offset the changes in fair value recognized in earnings of the policy liabilities and policy account balances attributable to the changes in the minimum guarantee risks of the variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts, and the changes in the fair value of the reinsurance contracts were recorded in life insurance costs.

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The portion of the total change in the fair value of variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts that results from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk is recognized in other comprehensive income (loss), net of applicable income taxes.

The above mentioned gains or losses relating to variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025 are mainly as follows:

	Millions of yen
	Six months ended September 30, 2024			Six months ended September 30, 2025
Life insurance premiums and related investment income :
Net realized and unrealized gains or losses from investment assets	¥	( 2,704	)	¥	21,706
Net gains or losses from derivative contracts :		( 131	)		( 1,148	)
Futures		( 141	)		( 1,106	)
Foreign exchange contracts		10			( 42	)
Life insurance costs :
Changes in the fair value of the policy liabilities and policy account balances	¥	( 15,980	)	¥	6,707
Insurance costs recognized for insurance and annuity payouts as a result of insured events		11,839			10,571
Changes in the fair value of the reinsurance contracts		( 73	)		1,071

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Long-Duration Insurance Contracts Relating to Life Insurance Operations

The following tables present balances of and changes in the liability for future policy benefits as of and for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025 and for the six months ended September 30, 2025.

	Millions of yen
	March 31, 2025						September 30, 2025
Present value of expected net premiums	Yen-denominated insurance (First Sector)		Yen-denominated insurance (Third Sector)		Foreign currency denominated insurance		Yen-denominated insurance (First Sector)		Yen-denominated insurance (Third Sector)		Foreign currency denominated insurance
Beginning balance	¥	873,038	¥	1,306,719	¥	389,664	¥	855,431	¥	1,162,214	¥	345,932
Beginning balance at original discount rate		858,959		1,289,145		424,186		877,300		1,216,705		368,846
Effect of changes in cash flow assumptions		( 9,660	)	( 7,648	)	66		0		0		0
Effect of actual variances from expected experience		984		812		( 3,193	)	300		699		( 579	)
Adjusted beginning balance		850,283		1,282,309		421,059		877,600		1,217,404		368,267
Issuances		130,605		34,189		31,717		47,401		12,013		15,370
Interests		10,568		17,489		12,323		5,278		8,423		5,480
Net premium earned		( 116,850	)	( 116,049	)	( 62,788	)	( 55,184	)	( 56,025	)	( 33,271	)
Actual variances from cash flow assumptions		( 437	)	( 770	)	( 1,231	)	( 28	)	( 332	)	( 273	)
Derecognition		3,131		( 463	)	( 27,567	)	4,541		2,746		( 5,544	)
Effect of changes in foreign exchange rate		0		0		( 4,667	)	0		0		( 1,903	)
Ending balance at original discount rate		877,300		1,216,705		368,846		879,608		1,184,229		348,126
Effect of changes in discount rates		( 21,869	)	( 54,491	)	( 22,914	)	( 50,761	)	( 130,409	)	( 15,559	)
Ending balance	¥	855,431	¥	1,162,214	¥	345,932	¥	828,847	¥	1,053,820	¥	332,567

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	Millions of yen
	March 31, 2025						September 30, 2025
Present value of expected future policy benefits	Yen-denominated insurance (First Sector)		Yen-denominated insurance (Third Sector)		Foreign currency denominated insurance		Yen-denominated insurance (First Sector)		Yen-denominated insurance (Third Sector)		Foreign currency denominated insurance
Beginning balance	¥	1,565,877	¥	1,844,599	¥	447,081	¥	1,511,436	¥	1,659,960	¥	442,939
Beginning balance at original discount rate		1,658,143		1,895,730		659,217		1,750,912		1,878,075		650,005
Effect of changes in cash flow assumptions		( 10,284	)	( 8,470	)	81		0		0		0
Adjusted beginning balance		1,647,859		1,887,260		659,298		1,750,912		1,878,075		650,005
Issuances		130,605		34,189		31,717		47,401		12,013		15,370
Interests		24,463		27,997		19,385		12,567		13,967		9,471
Insurance claims paid		( 57,099	)	( 72,044	)	( 18,634	)	( 28,419	)	( 38,033	)	( 6,179	)
Actual variances from cash flow assumptions		( 9,571	)	( 8,287	)	13,086		( 6,523	)	( 2,953	)	3,180
Derecognition		14,655		8,960		( 46,693	)	11,387		8,007		( 10,108	)
Effect of changes in foreign exchange rate		0		0		( 8,154	)	0		0		( 2,571	)
Ending balance at original discount rate		1,750,912		1,878,075		650,005		1,787,325		1,871,076		659,168
Effect of changes in discount rates		( 239,476	)	( 218,115	)	( 207,066	)	( 503,309	)	( 490,118	)	( 188,604	)
Ending balance	¥	1,511,436	¥	1,659,960	¥	442,939	¥	1,284,016	¥	1,380,958	¥	470,564
Net liability for future policy benefits	¥	656,005	¥	497,746	¥	97,007	¥	455,169	¥	327,138	¥	137,997
Deferred profit liabilities		61,448		74,962		37,340		69,235		77,943		43,995
Subtotal		717,453		572,708		134,347		524,404		405,081		181,992
Less: Reinsurance recoverable		196		0		0		128		0		0
The liability for future policy benefits, after reinsurance recoverable	¥	717,257	¥	572,708	¥	134,347	¥	524,276	¥	405,081	¥	181,992

The following tables provide the breakdown of the policy liabilities and policy account balances recorded in the consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025:

	Millions of yen — March 31, 2025		September 30, 2025
Yen-denominated insurance (First Sector)	¥	717,257	¥	524,276
Yen-denominated insurance (Third Sector)		572,708		405,081
Foreign currency denominated insurance		134,347		181,992
Subtotal		1,424,312		1,111,349
Policy account balances for single-payment whole life insurance		134,572		238,337
Fixed annuities and annuitization benefits		119,093		110,259
Policy account balances for variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts and market risk benefits		136,257		142,700
Others*		133,813		122,183
Total	¥	1,948,047	¥	1,724,828

Others include unearned premiums and liabilities for unpaid claims.

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The amount of undiscounted and discounted expected future gross premiums and expected future policy benefits and expenses as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025 are as follows:

	Millions of yen
	March 31, 2025				September 30, 2025
	Undiscounted		Discounted		Undiscounted		Discounted
Yen-denominated insurance (First Sector)
Expected future gross premiums	¥	1,551,749	¥	1,362,111	¥	1,574,161	¥	1,330,807
Expected future policy benefits and expenses		2,532,638		1,511,436		2,614,139		1,284,016
Yen-denominated insurance (Third Sector)
Expected future gross premiums		2,456,942		2,003,392		2,398,826		1,819,478
Expected future policy benefits and expenses		2,552,133		1,659,960		2,544,303		1,380,958
Foreign currency denominated insurance
Expected future gross premiums		617,771		493,328		594,234		483,039
Expected future policy benefits and expenses		1,288,727		442,939		1,309,972		470,564

For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025 and the six months ended September 30, 2025, the effects of net premium exceeding gross premiums in certain cohorts are immaterial in earnings for the respective periods.

The amounts of gross premiums and interest expense recognized in the consolidated statement of income for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025 are as follows:

	Millions of yen
	Six months ended September 30, 2024				Six months ended September 30, 2025
	Gross premiums		Interest expense		Gross premiums		Interest expense
Yen-denominated insurance (First Sector)	¥	81,607	¥	6,856	¥	89,337	¥	7,289
Yen-denominated insurance (Third Sector)		99,898		5,163		96,721		5,543
Foreign currency denominated insurance		47,059		3,329		47,078		3,992
Total	¥	228,564	¥	15,348	¥	233,136	¥	16,824

The weighted average discount rates for the liability for future policy benefits as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025 are as follows:

March 31, 2025	September 30, 2025
Yen-denominated insurance (First Sector)
Weighted average of the original discount rates	1.8 %	1.8 %
Weighted average of the current discount rates	2.7	4.5
Yen-denominated insurance (Third Sector)
Weighted average of the original discount rates	1.7	1.7
Weighted average of the current discount rates	2.7	4.5
Foreign currency denominated insurance
Weighted average of the original discount rates	3.3	3.4
Weighted average of the current discount rates	5.9	5.7

The weighted average duration of the liability for future policy benefit as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025 are as follows:

March 31, 2025	September 30, 2025
Yen-denominated insurance (First Sector)	35.1	34.5
Yen-denominated insurance (Third Sector)	32.5	31.6
Foreign currency denominated insurance	33.5	31.9

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Assumptions for calculating the liability for future policy benefits include assumptions related to mortality, morbidity, lapse rates and discount rates. The Company and its subsidiaries recognized actual variances from expected experience and updated the assumptions during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025 as follows. For the six months ended September 30, 2025, the Company and its subsidiaries continued to use the same assumptions.

• Yen-denominated insurance (First Sector)

During fiscal 2025 the Company and its subsidiaries updated expected mortality and lapse rates due to the higher-than-expected mortality and lapse rates.

• Yen-denominated insurance (Third Sector)

During fiscal 2025 the Company and its subsidiaries updated expected mortality and lapse rates due to a higher-than-expected mortality and lapse rates. The actual morbidity excluding deemed hospitalization was lower-than-expected even after reclassification of the legal category of COVID-19 by Japanese government. However, the relevant morbidity assumptions were not updated because the Company and its subsidiaries believe further observations are needed to determine whether such phenomenon is temporary or permanent.

• Foreign currency denominated insurance

During fiscal 2025 the Company and its subsidiaries updated expected mortality rates due to the difference from expected mortality rates. In addition, similarly to the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024, the lapse rate was higher-than-expected due to the impact of rapid exchange rate fluctuations. However, the relevant lapse rates were not updated because the Company and its subsidiaries believe further observations are needed to determine whether such an assumption is temporary or permanent.

The market data underlying the discount rate was updated quarterly for both the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025 and for the six months ended September 30, 2025.

For the effect of the changes in assumptions on expected net premiums and expected future policy benefits, see “Effect of changes in cash flow assumptions” and “Effect of changes in discount rates” in the tables that represent balances of and changes in the liability for future policy benefits.

The following tables present balances of and changes in the deferred policy acquisition costs as of and for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025 and for the six months ended September 30, 2025:

	Millions of yen
	March 31, 2025
	Yen-denominated insurance (First Sector)		Yen-denominated insurance (Third Sector)		Foreign currency denominated insurance		Single- payment whole life insurance		Total
Beginning balance	¥	82,341	¥	169,581	¥	53,812	¥	0	¥	305,734
Capitalization		13,431		9,180		6,633		6,627		35,871
Amortization		( 6,411	)	( 10,072	)	( 2,689	)	( 43	)	( 19,215	)
Effect of changes in foreign exchange rate		0		0		( 605	)	( 137	)	( 742	)
Others*		0		0		0		( 5,808	)	( 5,808	)
Ending balance	¥	89,361	¥	168,689	¥	57,151	¥	639	¥	315,840

	Millions of yen
	September 30, 2025
	Yen-denominated insurance (First Sector)		Yen-denominated insurance (Third Sector)		Foreign currency denominated insurance		Single- payment whole life insurance		Total
Beginning balance	¥	89,361	¥	168,689	¥	57,151	¥	639	¥	315,840
Capitalization		7,085		3,923		3,206		4,793		19,007
Amortization		( 3,421	)	( 5,040	)	( 1,371	)	( 217	)	( 10,049	)
Effect of changes in foreign exchange rate		0		0		( 203	)	5,853		5,650
Others*		0		0		0		( 9,943	)	( 9,943	)
Ending balance	¥	93,025	¥	167,572	¥	58,783	¥	1,125	¥	320,505

Others include adjustments of reinsurance.

Deferred policy acquisition costs are amortized over the expected term of the policies on a constant-level basis. The assumptions used for the amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs are consistent with the assumptions for the liability for future policy benefits. The underlying assumptions for deferred policy acquisition costs and the liability for future policy benefits are updated at the same time. In addition, deferred policy acquisition costs are included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheets.

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The following table presents policy account balances for single-payment whole life insurance and fixed annuity and annuitization benefits by range of minimum guaranteed interest rates as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025.

	Millions of yen
	March 31, 2025
			Above minimum guarantees
Range of minimum guaranteed interest rates	Minimum guarantees		50-150bp		150bp or more
0.00 % - less than 1.50 %	¥	111,626	¥	7,421	¥	127,151
1.50 % or more		7,467		0		0
Total	¥	119,093	¥	7,421	¥	127,151

	Millions of yen
	September 30, 2025
			Above minimum guarantees
Range of minimum guaranteed interest rates	Minimum guarantees		50-150bp		150bp or more
0.00 % - less than 1.50 %	¥	102,794	¥	15,861	¥	222,476
1.50 % or more		7,465		0		0
Total	¥	110,259	¥	15,861	¥	222,476

The following table provides information about single-payment whole life insurance for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025 and for the six months ended September 30, 2025.

	Millions of yen
	March 31, 2025		September 30, 2025
Beginning balance	¥	0	¥	134,572
New contract		136,863		99,129
Surrenders and partial surrenders		( 66	)	( 284	)
Benefit payments and lump sum payments, etc.		( 49	)	( 332	)
Policy charges		( 188	)	( 832	)
Interests		1,072		4,705
Effect of changes in foreign exchange rate		( 3,060	)	1,379
Ending balance	¥	134,572	¥	238,337
	March 31, 2025		September 30, 2025
Weighted average guaranteed interest rate (%)		3.9		5.1
Benefits in excess of policy account balances (Millions of yen)	¥	0	¥	0
Cash surrender value (Millions of yen)		127,659		230,259

The following table provides information about fixed annuity and annuitization benefits for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025 and for the six months ended September 30, 2025.

	Millions of yen
	March 31, 2025		September 30, 2025
Beginning balance	¥	138,419	¥	119,093
Transfer in		9,381		4,657
Surrenders and partial surrenders		( 85	)	( 24	)
Benefit payments and lump sum payments, etc.		( 28,912	)	( 13,521	)
Policy charges		( 214	)	( 103	)
Transfer out		( 373	)	( 239	)
Interests		895		406
Others		( 18	)	( 10	)
Ending balance	¥	119,093	¥	110,259
	March 31, 2025		September 30, 2025
Weighted average guaranteed interest rate (%)		0.7		0.7
Benefits in excess of policy account balances (Millions of yen)	¥	0	¥	0
Cash surrender value (Millions of yen)		113,492		104,798

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The following table provides information about policy account balances for variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts and market risk benefits as of and for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025, and for the six months ended September 30, 2025:

	Millions of yen
	March 31, 2025		September 30, 2025
Beginning balance	¥	167,207	¥	136,257
Effect of changes other than through net income and other comprehensive income		( 23,706	)	( 10,571	)
Surrenders and withdrawals		( 4,924	)	( 2,366	)
Transfer in		( 6,902	)	( 3,163	)
Benefit payments		( 11,851	)	( 4,957	)
Others		( 29	)	( 85	)
Changes through net income		( 7,292	)	17,278
Effect of changes in fair value of corresponding investment assets		( 3,538	)	21,719
Fee income		( 3,590	)	( 1,636	)
Effect of changes in fair value of market risk benefits		( 164	)	( 2,805	)
Changes through other comprehensive income		48		( 264	)
Effect of changes in the instrument-specific credit risk		48		( 264	)
Ending balance	¥	136,257	¥	142,700
	Millions of yen
	March 31, 2025		September 30, 2025
Policy account balances	¥	136,662	¥	146,174
Market risk benefits		( 405	)	( 3,474	)
Total	¥	136,257	¥	142,700

Write-Downs of Long-Lived Assets

The Company and its subsidiaries perform tests for recoverability on long-lived assets classified as held and used for which events or changes in circumstances indicated that the assets might be impaired. The Company and its subsidiaries consider an asset’s carrying amount as not recoverable when such carrying amount exceeds the undiscounted future cash flows estimated to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset. The net carrying amount of assets not recoverable is reduced to fair value if lower than the carrying amount.

As of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, the long-lived assets and liabilities associated with those assets classified as held for sale in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets are as follows.

	Millions of yen — As of March 31, 2025		As of September 30, 2025
Investment in operating leases	¥	7,230	¥	68,844
Property under facility operations		15,217		0
Office facilities		3,558		0
Other assets		22		10,558
Other liabilities		221		0

The long-lived assets classified as held for sale as of March 31, 2025 are included in Corporate Financial Services and Maintenance Leasing segment, Real Estate segment, PE Investment and Concession segment, Environment and Energy segment and Aircraft and Ships segment. The long-lived assets classified as held for sale as of September 30, 2025 are included in Real Estate segment and Aircraft, Ships segment and Asia and Australia segment.

The Company and its subsidiaries determine the fair value using appraisals prepared by independent third party appraisers or our own staff of qualified appraisers, and others based on recent transactions involving sales of similar assets or other valuation techniques such as discounted cash flows methodologies using future cash flows estimated to be generated from operation of the existing assets or completion of development projects, as appropriate.

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For the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025, the Company and its subsidiaries recognized impairment losses for the difference between carrying amounts and fair values in the amount of ¥ 506 million and ¥ 1,397 million, respectively, which are reflected as write-downs of long-lived assets. Breakdowns of these amounts are as follows.

	Six months ended September 30, 2024 — Amount (Millions of yen)	The number of properties		Six months ended September 30, 2025 — Amount (Millions of yen)	The number of properties
Write-downs of the assets held for sale:
Condominiums	¥	5	2	¥	6	2
Others*		235	—		1,116	—
Total	¥	240	—	¥	1,122	—
	Six months ended September 30, 2024			Six months ended September 30, 2025
	Amount (Millions of yen)	The number of properties		Amount (Millions of yen)	The number of properties
Write-downs due to decline in estimated future cash flows:
Condominiums		0	0		0	0
Others*		266	—		275	—
Total	¥	266	—	¥	275	—

For “Others,” the number of properties is omitted.

Losses of ¥ 102 million in Corporate Financial Services and Maintenance Leasing segment, ¥ 102 million in Real Estate segment, ¥ 59 million in PE Investment and Concession segment and ¥ 243 million in Environment and Energy segment were recorded for the six months ended September 30, 2024. Losses of ¥ 23 million in Corporate Financial Services and Maintenance Leasing segment, ¥ 6 million in Real Estate segment, ¥ 919 million in PE Investment and Concession segment , ¥ 338 million in Environment and Energy segment and ¥ 111 million in Asia and Australia segment were recorded for the six months ended September 30, 2025.

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Per Share Data

Reconciliation of the differences between basic and diluted earnings per share (EPS) in the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025 is as follows:

During the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025, there was no stock compensation which was antidilutive.

	Millions of yen
	Six months ended September 30, 2024		Six months ended September 30, 2025
Net Income attributable to ORIX Corporation shareholders	¥	182,946	¥	271,096
Adjustment to Net Income		( 12	)	( 48	)
Net income used to calculate basic earnings per share		182,934		271,048
Adjustment to Net Income		12		48
Net income used to calculate diluted earnings per share	¥	182,946	¥	271,096
	Thousands of Shares
	Six months ended September 30, 2024		Six months ended September 30, 2025
Weighted-average shares		1,147,474		1,127,416
Effect of dilutive securities —
Stock compensation		2,074		2,587
Weighted-average shares for diluted EPS computation		1,149,548		1,130,003
	Yen
	Six months ended September 30, 2024		Six months ended September 30, 2025
Earnings per share for net income attributable to ORIX Corporation shareholders:
Basic	¥	159.42	¥	240.42
Diluted		159.15		239.91

Note: The Company’s shares held through the Board Incentive Plan Trust are included in the number of treasury stock to be deducted in calculation of the weighted-average shares for EPS computation. ( 2,932,447 and 3,401,500 shares for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025)

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Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging

Risk management policy

The Company and its subsidiaries manage interest rate risk through asset-liability management (“ALM”). The Company and its subsidiaries use derivative financial instruments to hedge interest rate risk and avoid changes in interest rates that could have a significant adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations. As a result of interest rate changes, the fair value and/or cash flow of interest sensitive assets and liabilities will fluctuate. However, such fluctuation will generally be offset by using derivative financial instruments as hedging instruments. Derivative financial instruments that the Company and its subsidiaries use as part of the interest risk management include interest rate swaps.

The Company and its subsidiaries appropriately manage exchange rate risk by using means such as foreign currency-denominated loans, foreign exchange contracts and currency swaps to hedge exchange rate volatility in our business transactions in foreign currencies and overseas investments. A certain subsidiary holds futures and foreign exchange contracts for the purpose of economic hedges against minimum guarantee risk of variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts.

By using derivative instruments, the Company and its subsidiaries are exposed to credit risk in the event of nonperformance by counterparties. The Company and its subsidiaries attempt to manage the credit risk by carefully evaluating the content of transactions and the quality of counterparties in advance and regularly monitoring the amount of notional principal, fair value, type of transaction and other factors pertaining to each counterparty.

The Company and its subsidiaries have no derivative instruments with credit-risk-related contingent features as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025.

(a) Cash flow hedges

The Company and its subsidiaries designate interest rate swap agreements, foreign currency swap agreements, foreign exchange contracts and forward agreements as cash flow hedges for variability of cash flows originating from floating rate borrowings and forecasted transactions and for exchange fluctuations.

(b) Fair value hedges

The Company and its subsidiaries use financial instruments designated as fair value hedges to hedge their exposure to interest rate risk and foreign currency exchange risk. A certain subsidiary designates foreign exchange contracts to minimize foreign currency exposures on bonds in foreign currencies in the insurance business. The subsidiary also uses interest rate swap agreements to hedge interest rate exposure of the fair values of bonds in foreign currencies in the insurance business.

The Company and its subsidiaries use foreign exchange contracts and borrowings and bonds denominated in foreign currencies to hedge the foreign currency exposure of the net investment in overseas subsidiaries and equity method investments.

(d) Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments

The Company and its subsidiaries entered into interest rate swap agreements, futures and foreign exchange contracts for risk management purposes which are not qualified for hedge accounting. A certain subsidiary holds futures and foreign exchange contracts for the purpose of economic hedges against minimum guarantee risk of variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts.

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The effect of derivative instruments on the consolidated statements of income, pre-tax, for the six months ended September 30, 2024 is as follows.

(1) Cash flow hedges

	Millions of yen
	Gains (losses) recognized in other comprehensive income on derivative					Gains (losses) reclassified from other comprehensive income (loss) into income
				Life insurance premiums and related investment income		Interest expense			Other (income) and expense
Interest rate swap agreements	¥	( 7,712	)	¥	0	¥	( 68	)	¥	0
Foreign exchange contracts		( 803	)		0		0			0
Foreign currency swap agreements		( 4,906	)		0		1,584			4,710
Options held/written and other		( 2,193	)		4		0			0

(2) Fair value hedges

	Millions of yen
	Gains (losses) recognized in income on derivative and other				Gains (losses) recognized in income on hedged item
	Life insurance premiums and related investment income		Other (income) and expense		Life insurance premiums and related investment income			Other (income) and expense
Interest rate swap agreements	¥	138	¥	40	¥	( 92	)	¥	( 13	)
Foreign exchange contracts		( 22,854	)	142		22,944			( 237	)

(3) Hedges of net investment in foreign operations

	Millions of yen
	Gains (losses) recognized in other comprehensive income on derivative and others		Gains (losses) reclassified from other comprehensive income (loss) into income
			Gains on sales of subsidiaries and equity method investments and liquidation losses, net			Interest expense
Foreign exchange contracts	¥	920	¥	( 790	)	¥	7,635
Borrowings and bonds in foreign currencies		( 12,854	)	0			0

(4) Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments

	Millions of yen
	Gains (losses) recognized in income on derivative
	Life insurance premiums and related investment income*		Interest expense		Other (income) and expense
Interest rate swap agreements	¥	0	¥	0	¥	8
Futures		( 141	)	0		1,259
Foreign exchange contracts		6,698		( 10,630	)	44,741
Credit derivatives held/written		0		0		0
Options held/written and other		0		0		( 522	)

Futures and foreign exchange contracts in the above table include gains (losses) arising from futures and foreign exchange contracts held to economically hedge the minimum guarantee risk of variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts for the six months ended September 30, 2024 (see Note 17 “Income and Expenses Relating to Life Insurance Operations”).

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The effect of derivative instruments on the consolidated statements of income, pre-tax, for the six months ended September 30, 2025 is as follows.

(1) Cash flow hedges

	Millions of yen
	Gains (losses) recognized in other comprehensive income on derivative					Gains (losses) reclassified from other comprehensive income (loss) into income
				Life insurance premiums and related investment income		Interest expense			Other (income) and expense
Interest rate swap agreements	¥	( 2,575	)	¥	0	¥	( 121	)	¥	0
Foreign exchange contracts		298			0		945			( 4,017	)
Foreign currency swap agreements		5,174			0		1,124			( 2,906	)
Options held/written and other		( 6,469	)		50		0			0

(2) Fair value hedges

	Millions of yen
	Gains (losses) recognized in income on derivative and other							Gains (losses) recognized in income on hedged item
	Life insurance premiums and related investment income		Interest expense		Other (income) and expense			Life insurance premiums and related investment income		Other (income) and expense
Interest rate swap agreements	¥	0	¥	0	¥	( 36	)	¥	0	¥	( 62	)
Foreign exchange contracts		5,252		630		( 2,995	)		( 5,217	)	1,380

(3) Hedges of net investment in foreign operations

	Millions of yen
	Gains (losses) recognized in other comprehensive income on derivative and others		Gains (losses) reclassified from other comprehensive income (loss) into income
			Gains on sales of subsidiaries and equity method investments and liquidation losses, net		Interest expense
Foreign exchange contracts	¥	356	¥	9,890	¥	7,109
Borrowings and bonds in foreign currencies		4,554		0		0

(4) Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments

	Millions of yen
	Gains (losses) recognized in income on derivative
	Life insurance premiums and related investment income*1		Interest expense*2		Other (income) and expense
Interest rate swap agreements	¥	0	¥	0	¥	33
Futures		( 1,106	)	0		2,513
Foreign exchange contracts		( 3,070	)	( 2,436	)	( 11,733	)
Credit derivatives held/written		0		0		( 2	)
Options held/written and other		0		0		95

*1 Futures and foreign exchange contracts in the above table include gains (losses) arising from futures and foreign exchange contracts held to economically hedge the minimum guarantee risk of variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts for the six months ended September 30, 2025 (see Note 17 “Income and Expenses Relating to Life Insurance Operations”).

*2 The portion of gains (losses) recognized in income on derivative arising from foreign exchange contracts that represents interest rate adjustments is recognized as interest expense.

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The effect of the components excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness on the consolidated statements of income, pre-tax, for the six months ended September 30, 2024 is as follows.

Fair value hedges

	Millions of yen
	Gains (losses) recognized in income
	Life insurance premiums and related investment income		Interest expense		Other (income) and expense
Foreign exchange contracts	¥	14,454	¥	12	¥	0
Options held/written and other		0		0		28

The carrying amount of hedged assets and liabilities recognized in balance sheets in fair value hedges and the cumulative amount of fair value hedging adjustments included in the carrying amount (excluding the effect of changes in foreign exchange rates) at March 31, 2025 is as follows.

Assets as hedged items in fair value hedges						Liabilities as hedged items in fair value hedges
	Millions of yen						Millions of yen
Consolidated balance sheets location	Carrying amount		The cumulative amount of fair value hedging adjustments included in the carrying amount			Consolidated balance sheets location	Carrying amount		The cumulative amount of fair value hedging adjustments included in the carrying amount
Investment in Securities	¥	491,447	¥	0		Long-term Debt	¥	28,220	¥	0
Installment Loans		22,451		( 92	)	—		—		—

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The effect of the components excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness on the consolidated statements of income, pre-tax, for the six months ended September 30, 2025 is as follows.

Fair value hedges

	Millions of yen
	Gains (losses) recognized in income
	Life insurance premiums and related investment income		Interest expense			Other (income) and expense
Foreign exchange contracts	¥	8,761	¥	( 4	)	¥	0

Assets as hedged items in fair value hedges						Liabilities as hedged items in fair value hedges
	Millions of yen						Millions of yen
Consolidated balance sheets location	Carrying amount		The cumulative amount of fair value hedging adjustments included in the carrying amount			Consolidated balance sheets location	Carrying amount		The cumulative amount of fair value hedging adjustments included in the carrying amount
Investment in Securities	¥	593,523	¥	1,634		Long-term Debt	¥	25,900	¥	0
Installment Loans		6,646		( 51	)	—		—		—

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Notional amounts of derivative instruments and other, fair values of derivative instruments and other before offsetting at March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025 are as follows.

March 31, 2025

	Notional amount		Derivative assets — Fair value		Consolidated balance sheets location	Derivative liabilities — Fair value		Consolidated balance sheets location
	Millions of yen		Millions of yen			Millions of yen
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments and other:
Interest rate swap agreements	¥	676,691	¥	17,788	Other Assets	¥	2,768	Other Liabilities
Options held/written and other		94,608		98	Other Assets		7,323	Other Liabilities
Futures, foreign exchange contracts		932,649		9,515	Other Assets		25,445	Other Liabilities
Foreign currency swap agreements		303,060		9,570	Other Assets		159	Other Liabilities
Foreign currency long-term debt		250,702		0	—		0	—
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate swap agreements	¥	1,477	¥	81	Other Assets	¥	6	Other Liabilities
Options held/written and other		582,939		15,669	Other Assets		6,392	Other Liabilities
Futures, foreign exchange contracts*		1,592,590		11,449	Other Assets		13,942	Other Liabilities
Credit derivatives written		1,000		0	—		3	Other Liabilities

The notional amounts of futures and foreign exchange contracts in the above table include futures contracts of ¥ 5,575 million and foreign exchange contracts of ¥ 2,205 million to economically hedge the minimum guarantee risk of variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts at March 31, 2025, respectively. Derivative assets in the above table include fair value of the futures and foreign exchange contracts before offsetting of ¥ 38 million and ¥ 38 million and derivative liabilities include fair value of the futures and foreign exchange contracts before offsetting of ¥ 57 million and ¥ 11 million at March 31, 2025, respectively.

September 30, 2025

	Notional amount		Derivative assets — Fair value		Consolidated balance sheets location	Derivative liabilities — Fair value		Consolidated balance sheets location
	Millions of yen		Millions of yen			Millions of yen
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments and other:
Interest rate swap agreements	¥	660,629	¥	17,766	Other Assets	¥	2,843	Other Liabilities
Options held/written and other		85,362		7	Other Assets		12,589	Other Liabilities
Futures, foreign exchange contracts		947,525		2,661	Other Assets		36,648	Other Liabilities
Foreign currency swap agreements		461,350		16,098	Other Assets		573	Other Liabilities
Foreign currency long-term debt		92,444		0	—		0	—
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate swap agreements	¥	1,303	¥	75	Other Assets	¥	2	Other Liabilities
Options held/written and other		779,487		15,871	Other Assets		7,029	Other Liabilities
Futures, foreign exchange contracts*		1,496,880		31,552	Other Assets		14,706	Other Liabilities
Credit derivatives held/written		1,357		8	Other Assets		1	Other Liabilities

The notional amounts of futures and foreign exchange contracts in the above table include futures contracts of ¥ 2,629 million and foreign exchange contracts of ¥ 1,662 million to economically hedge the minimum guarantee risk of variable annuity and variable life insurance contracts at September 30, 2025, respectively. Derivative assets in the above table include fair value of the futures and foreign exchange contracts before offsetting of ¥ 1 million and ¥ 6 million and derivative liabilities include fair value of the futures and foreign exchange contracts before offsetting of ¥ 33 million and ¥ 42 million at September 30, 2025, respectively.

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The Company and its subsidiaries have contracted credit derivatives for the purpose of trading. Details of credit derivatives written as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025 are as follows.

March 31, 2025

Types of derivatives	The events or circumstances that would require the seller to perform under the credit derivative	Maximum potential amount of future payment under the credit derivative			Fair value of the credit derivative
		Millions of yen			Millions of yen
Credit default swap	In case of credit event (bankruptcy, failure to pay, restructuring) occurring in underlying reference company *	¥	1,000	Less than three years	¥	( 3	)

Underlying reference company’s credit ratings are A1 or better rated by rating agencies as of March 31, 2025.

September 30, 2025

Types of derivatives	The events or circumstances that would require the seller to perform under the credit derivative	Maximum potential amount of future payment under the credit derivative			Fair value of the credit derivative
		Millions of yen			Millions of yen
Credit default swap	In case of credit event (bankruptcy, failure to pay, restructuring) occurring in underlying reference company *	¥	1,000	Less than two years	¥	( 1	)

Underlying reference company’s credit ratings are A1 or better rated by rating agencies as of September 30, 2025.

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Offsetting Assets and Liabilities

The gross amounts recognized, gross amounts offset, and net amounts presented in the consolidated balance sheets regarding derivative assets and liabilities as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025 are as follows.

March 31, 2025

	Millions of yen
	Gross amounts recognized		Gross amounts offset in the consolidated balance sheets			Net amounts presented in the consolidated balance sheets		Gross amounts not offset in the consolidated balance sheets *						Net amount
								Financial instruments			Collateral received/pledged
Derivative assets	¥	64,170	¥	( 20,495	)	¥	43,675	¥	0		¥	( 557	)	¥	43,118
Total assets	¥	64,170	¥	( 20,495	)	¥	43,675	¥	0		¥	( 557	)	¥	43,118
Derivative liabilities	¥	56,038	¥	( 20,495	)	¥	35,543	¥	( 13,802	)	¥	( 12,777	)	¥	8,964
Total liabilities	¥	56,038	¥	( 20,495	)	¥	35,543	¥	( 13,802	)	¥	( 12,777	)	¥	8,964
September 30, 2025
	Millions of yen
	Gross amounts recognized		Gross amounts offset in the consolidated balance sheets			Net amounts presented in the consolidated balance sheets		Gross amounts not offset in the consolidated balance sheets *						Net amount
								Financial instruments			Collateral received/pledged
Derivative assets	¥	84,038	¥	( 37,649	)	¥	46,389	¥	0		¥	( 11,326	)	¥	35,063
Total assets	¥	84,038	¥	( 37,649	)	¥	46,389	¥	0		¥	( 11,326	)	¥	35,063
Derivative liabilities	¥	74,391	¥	( 37,649	)	¥	36,742	¥	( 20,101	)	¥	( 6,942	)	¥	9,699
Total liabilities	¥	74,391	¥	( 37,649	)	¥	36,742	¥	( 20,101	)	¥	( 6,942	)	¥	9,699

The balances related to enforceable master netting agreements or similar agreements which were not offset in the consolidated balance sheets.

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Estimated Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The following information is provided to help readers gain an understanding of the relationship between carrying amounts of financial instruments reported in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets and the related market or fair value. The disclosures do not include net investment in leases, equity method investments, pension obligations and insurance contracts and reinsurance contracts except for those classified as investment contracts.

March 31, 2025

	Millions of yen — Carrying amount		Estimated fair value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	¥	1,206,573	¥	1,206,573	¥	1,206,573	¥	0	¥	0
Restricted cash		115,410		115,410		115,410		0		0
Installment loans (net of allowance for credit losses)		4,043,271		4,018,629		0		42,940		3,975,689
Equity securities*1		418,690		418,690		137,014		119,466		162,210
Available-for-sale debt securities		2,607,637		2,607,637		12,243		2,377,740		217,654
Other Assets:
Time deposits		1,400		1,400		0		1,400		0
Derivative assets*2		43,675		43,675		—		—		—
Reinsurance recoverables (Investment contracts)		138,441		126,480		0		0		126,480
Liabilities:
Short-term debt	¥	549,680	¥	549,680	¥	0	¥	549,680	¥	0
Deposits		2,280,597		2,279,207		0		2,279,207		0
Policy liabilities and Policy account balances (Investment contracts)		237,702		214,937		0		0		214,937
Long-term debt		5,733,118		5,678,828		0		1,705,485		3,973,343
Accounts payable (Contingent consideration)		15,259		15,259		0		0		15,259
Other Liabilities:
Derivative liabilities *2		35,543		35,543		—		—		—

*1 The amount of ¥ 118,666 million of investment funds measured at net asset value per share is not included.

*2 It represents the amount after offset under counterparty netting of derivative assets and liabilities. For the information of input level before netting, see Note 3 “Fair Value Measurements.”

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September 30, 2025

	Millions of yen — Carrying amount		Estimated fair value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	¥	1,275,912	¥	1,275,912	¥	1,275,912	¥	0	¥	0
Restricted cash		119,811		119,811		119,811		0		0
Installment loans (net of allowance for credit losses)		4,168,801		4,142,607		0		47,109		4,095,498
Equity securities*1		446,978		446,978		127,195		136,746		183,037
Trading debt securities		834		834		0		834		0
Available-for-sale debt securities		2,703,054		2,703,054		8,917		2,401,367		292,770
Other Assets:
Time deposits		5,367		5,367		0		5,367		0
Derivative assets*2		46,389		46,389		—		—		—
Reinsurance recoverables (Investment contracts)		241,910		231,601		0		0		231,601
Liabilities:
Short-term debt	¥	609,876	¥	609,876	¥	0	¥	609,876	¥	0
Deposits		2,459,034		2,465,832		0		2,465,832		0
Policy liabilities and Policy account balances (Investment contracts)		332,752		295,502		0		0		295,502
Long-term debt		5,911,472		5,867,094		0		1,829,434		4,037,660
Accounts payable (Contingent consideration)		18,168		18,168		0		0		18,168
Other Liabilities:
Derivative liabilities *2		36,742		36,742		—		—		—

*1 The amount of ¥ 140,587 million of investment funds measured at net asset value per share is not included.

*2 It represents the amount after offset under counterparty netting of derivative assets and liabilities. For the information of input level before netting, see Note 3 “Fair Value Measurements.”

Input level of fair value measurement

If active market prices are available, fair value measurement is based on quoted active market prices and classified as Level 1. If active market prices are not available, fair value measurement is based on observable inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 such as quoted market prices of similar assets and classified as Level 2. If market prices are not available and there are no observable inputs, then fair value is estimated by using valuation models including discounted cash flow methodologies, commonly used option-pricing models and broker quotes and classified as Level 3, as the valuation models and broker quotes are based on inputs that are unobservable in the market.

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Commitments, Guarantees and Contingent Liabilities

Commitments —The Company and certain subsidiaries have commitments for the purchase of equipment to be leased, having a cost of ¥ 11,491 million and ¥ 10,253 million as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, respectively.

Certain computer systems of the Company and certain subsidiaries have been operated and maintained under non-cancelable contracts with third-party service providers. For such services, the Company and certain subsidiaries made payments totaling ¥ 4,947 million and ¥ 4,749 million for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025, respectively. As of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, the amounts due are as follows:

	Millions of yen — March 31, 2025		September 30, 2025
Within one year	¥	5,809	¥	5,812
More than one year		7,660		6,113
Total	¥	13,469	¥	11,925

The Company and certain subsidiaries have commitments to fund estimated construction costs and so forth to complete ongoing real estate development projects and other commitments, totaling ¥ 143,120 million and ¥ 86,181 million as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, respectively.

The Company and certain subsidiaries have agreements to commit to execute loans for customers, and to invest in funds, as long as the agreed-upon terms are met. The total unused credit and capital amount available are ¥ 437,496 million and ¥ 472,893 million as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, respectively.

Balance undrawn from the total amount of commitment to be used in accordance with the terms and conditions of relevant agreements to an equity method investee relating to the development of integrated resort was ¥ 270,168 million and ¥ 361,468 million as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, respectively. We will execute the amount of commitment depending on changes in circumstances such as the progress of the development.

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Guarantees —At the inception of a guarantee, the Company and its subsidiaries recognize a liability in the consolidated balance sheets at fair value for the guarantee within the scope of ASC 460 (“Guarantees”). Some of these guarantees, whose contractual obligations cannot be unconditionally cancelled, are in the scope of the Credit Losses Standard and are recognized as other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. The following table represents the summary of potential future payments, book value recorded as guarantee liabilities of the guarantee contracts outstanding and maturity of the longest guarantee contracts as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025:

	March 31, 2025					September 30, 2025
	Millions of yen			Fiscal year		Millions of yen			Fiscal year
Guarantees	Potential future payment		Book value of guarantee liabilities	Maturity of the longest contract		Potential future payment		Book value of guarantee liabilities	Maturity of the longest contract
Corporate loans	¥	558,862	¥	5,223	2031	¥	570,319	¥	5,565	2032
Transferred loans		543,453		6,918	2062		550,686		8,535	2062
Real estate loans		8,408		135	2048		3,214		0	2026
Other		13,261		0	2044		15,411		0	2043
Total	¥	1,123,984	¥	12,276	—	¥	1,139,630	¥	14,100	—

Guarantee of corporate loans : The Company and certain subsidiaries mainly guarantee corporate loans issued by financial institutions for customers. The Company and the subsidiaries are obliged to pay the outstanding loans when the guaranteed customers fail to pay principal and/or interest in accordance with the contract terms. In some cases, the corporate loans are secured by the guaranteed customers’ assets. Once the Company and the subsidiaries assume the guaranteed customers’ obligation, the Company and the subsidiaries obtain a right to claim the collateral assets. In other cases, certain contracts that guarantee corporate loans issued by financial institutions for customers include contracts that the amounts of performance guarantee are limited to a certain range of guarantee commissions. As of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, total notional amount of the loans subject to such guarantees are ¥ 469,000 million and ¥ 474,000 million, respectively, and book value of guarantee liabilities are ¥ 2,474 million and ¥ 2,476 million, respectively. The potential future payment amounts for these guarantees are limited to a certain range of the guarantee commissions, which are less than the total notional amounts of the loans subject to these guarantees. The potential future payment amounts for the contract period are calculated from the guarantee limit which is arranged by financial institutions in advance as to contracts that the amounts of performance guarantee are unlimited to a certain range of guarantee commissions. For this reason, the potential future payment amounts for these guarantees include the amount of the guarantee which may occur in the future, which is larger than the balance of guarantee executed as of the end of fiscal year or the end of interim period. The executed guarantee balance includes defrayment by financial institutions which we bear temporarily at the time of execution, and credit risk for financial institutions until liquidation of this guarantee. Our substantial amounts of performance guarantee except credit risk for financial institutions are limited to our defrayment which is arranged by financial institutions in advance. In addition, the Company provides re-guarantees for guarantee obligations guaranteed by equity method investees.

Payment or performance risk of the guarantees is considered based on the historical experience of credit events. There have been no significant changes in the payment or performance risk of the guarantees for the six months ended September 30, 2025.

Guarantee of transferred loans: A subsidiary in the United States is authorized to underwrite, originate, fund, and service multi-family and seniors housing loans without prior approval mainly from Fannie Mae under the Delegated Underwriting and Servicing program and Freddie Mac under the Delegated Underwriting Initiative program. As part of these programs, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac provide a commitment to purchase the loans.

Under these programs, the subsidiary guarantees the performance of the loans transferred to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and has the payment or performance risk of the guarantees to absorb some of the losses when losses arise from the transferred loans. There were no significant changes in the payment or performance risk of these guarantees for the six months ended September 30, 2025.

As of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, the total outstanding principal amount of loans transferred under the Delegated Underwriting and Servicing program, for which the subsidiary guarantees to absorb some of the losses, were ¥ 2,683,671 million and ¥ 2,714,225 million, respectively.

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Guarantee of real estate loans: The Company and certain subsidiaries guarantee real estate loans for consumer issued by Japanese financial institutions to third party individuals. The Company and the subsidiaries are typically obliged to pay the outstanding loans when these loans become delinquent three months or more. The real estate loans are usually secured by the real properties. Once the Company and the subsidiaries assume the guaranteed parties’ obligation, the Company and the subsidiaries obtain a right to claim the collateral assets.

Payment or performance risk of the guarantees is considered based on the historical experience of credit events. There were no significant changes in the payment or performance risk of the guarantees for the six months ended September 30, 2025.

Other guarantees: Other guarantees include the guarantees to financial institutions and the guarantees derived from collection agency agreements. Pursuant to the contracts of the guarantees to financial institutions, a certain subsidiary pays to the financial institutions when customers of the financial institutions become debtors and default on the debts. Pursuant to the agreements of the guarantees derived from collection agency agreements, the Company and certain subsidiaries collect third parties’ debt and pay the uncovered amounts. In addition to the above, joint guarantees for payment obligations of affiliated companies are included.

Allowance for off-balance sheet credit exposures— If the entity has a present contractual obligation to extend the credit and the obligation is not unconditionally cancelable by the entity, credit losses related the loan commitments of card loans and installment loans and financial guarantees are in the scope of the allowance for credit losses. For the loan commitments of card loans and installment loans, credit losses are recognized on the loan commitments for the portion expected to be drawn. For financial guarantees, the allowance is recognized for the contingent obligation which generates credit risk exposures. These allowance for off-balance sheet credit exposures is measured using the same measurement objectives as the allowance for loans and net investment leases, considering quantitative and qualitative factors including historical loss experience, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The allowance for off-balance sheet credit exposure is recorded as other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets and the allowance were ¥ 9,766 million and ¥ 11,953 million as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, respectively. Additionally, provision for credit losses in the consolidated statements of income for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025 was ¥ 1,673 million and ¥ 2,320 million respectively, which was mainly due to the deteriorating of markets in the Americas.

Contingencies— The Company and certain subsidiaries are involved in legal proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, none of such proceedings and claims will have a significant impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

Collateral— Other than the assets of the consolidated VIEs pledged as collateral for financing described in Note 10 “Variable Interest Entities”, the Company and certain subsidiaries provide the following assets as collateral for the short-term and long-term debt payables to financial institutions as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025:

	Millions of yen — March 31, 2025		September 30, 2025
Lease payments, loans and investment in operating leases	¥	301,092	¥	294,204
Investment in securities		299,588		338,366
Property under facility operations		303,491		345,472
Other assets and other		115,982		165,832
Total	¥	1,020,153	¥	1,143,874

As of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, debt liabilities were secured by shares of subsidiaries, which were eliminated through consolidation adjustment, of ¥ 154,926 million and ¥ 169,304 million, respectively, and debt liabilities of equity method investees were secured by equity method investments of ¥ 89,021 million and ¥ 118,736 million, respectively. As of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025, debt liabilities were secured by loans to subsidiaries, which were eliminated through consolidation adjustment, of ¥ 14,708 million and ¥ 14,874 million, respectively. In addition, ¥ 180,248 million and ¥ 351,696 million, respectively, were pledged primarily by investment in securities for collateral deposits and deposit for real estate transaction as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025.

Under loan agreements relating to short-term and long-term debt from commercial banks and certain insurance companies, the Company and certain subsidiaries are required to provide collateral against these debts at any time if requested by the lenders. The Company and the subsidiaries did not receive any such requests from the lenders as of September 30, 2025.

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Segment Information

The Group CEO, as the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”), regularly assesses segment performance and allocates management resources by using the amount equivalent to income before income taxes attributable to ORIX Corporation Shareholders of each business segment.

An overview of the operations for each of the ten operating segments follows below.

Corporate Financial Services and Maintenance Leasing	:	Finance and fee business; leasing and rental of automobiles, electronic measuring instruments and ICT-related equipment
Real Estate	:	Real estate development, rental and management; facility operations; real estate asset management
PE Investment and Concession	:	Private equity investment and concession
Environment and Energy	:	Domestic and overseas renewable energy; electric power retailing; ESCO services; sales of solar panels; recycling and waste management
Insurance	:	Life insurance
Banking and Credit	:	Banking and consumer finance
Aircraft and Ships	:	Aircraft investment and management; ship-related finance and investment, maritime asset management and ship brokerage
ORIX USA	:	Finance, investment and asset management in the Americas
ORIX Europe	:	Asset management of global equity and fixed income
Asia and Australia	:	Finance and investment businesses in Asia and Australia

The accounting policies of the segments are almost the same as those described in Note 2 “Significant Accounting and Reporting Policies” except for the treatment of income tax expenses, net income attributable to noncontrolling interests, and net income attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests. The chief operating decision maker evaluates segment performance based on the amount equivalent to income before income taxes attributable to ORIX Corporation shareholders. Therefore, net income attributable to noncontrolling interests, net income attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests, and income tax expenses are not included in segment profit or loss. Most of selling, general and administrative expenses, including compensation costs that are directly related to the revenue generating activities of each segment and excluding the expenses that should be borne by ORIX Group as a whole, have been accumulated by and charged to each segment. Gains and losses that management does not consider for evaluating the performance of the segments, such as certain interest expenses and certain foreign exchange gains or losses (included in other (income) and expense) are excluded from the segment profits or losses, and are regarded as corporate items.

Assets attributed to each segment are total assets except for certain cash and head office assets.

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Segment information for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and six months ended September 30, 2025 is as follows:

	Millions of yen
	Six months ended September 30, 2024
	Corporate Financial Services and Maintenance Leasing		Real Estate		PE Investment and Concession		Environment and Energy		Insurance		Banking and Credit		Aircraft and Ships
Finance revenues	¥	30,890	¥	2,467	¥	5,978	¥	616	¥	159	¥	28,818	¥	3,333
Gains on investment securities and dividends		1,460		845		586		( 8	)	0		65		139
Operating leases		139,859		37,842		20,605		39		0		0		41,900
Life insurance premiums and related investment income		0		0		0		0		235,014		0		0
Sales of goods and real estate		1,812		61,793		122,384		1,481		0		0		196
Services income		54,783		157,232		31,473		86,834		( 1	)	1,567		5,734
Total Segment Revenues		228,804		260,179		181,026		88,962		235,172		30,450		51,302
Interest expense		3,278		1,172		1,655		6,211		81		2,745		8,563
Costs of operating leases		98,878		11,941		13,072		9		0		0		17,581
Life insurance costs		0		0		0		0		166,834		0		0
Costs of goods and real estate sold		1,489		49,789		84,951		836		0		0		199
Services expense		29,522		125,059		21,928		65,705		0		4,433		2,151
Other (income) and expense*		8,757		703		( 449	)	562		( 140	)	106		( 2,543	)
Selling, general and administrative expenses		45,051		20,873		43,194		10,828		27,539		10,635		5,004
Provision for credit losses, and write-downs of long-lived assets and securities		1,060		60		93		238		1		308		( 0	)
Total Segment Expenses		188,035		209,597		164,444		84,389		194,315		18,227		30,955
Equity in Net income (Loss) of equity method investments and others		4,797		( 225	)	30,415		( 2,227	)	( 0	)	884		11,664
Segment Profits		45,566		50,357		46,997		2,346		40,857		13,107		32,011
Significant non-cash items:
Depreciation and amortization		77,763		9,494		12,910		16,713		14,842		326		13,728
Increase in policy liabilities and policy account balances		0		0		0		0		41,053		0		0
Expenditures for long-lived assets		100,876		40,706		7,941		21,293		77		0		174,188
	Millions of yen
	Six months ended September 30, 2024
	ORIX USA		ORIX Europe		Asia and Australia		Total
Finance revenues	¥	53,163	¥	1,990	¥	37,885	¥	165,299
Gains on investment securities and dividends		( 280	)	3,821		( 47	)	6,581
Operating leases		292		0		67,510		308,047
Life insurance premiums and related investment income		0		0		0		235,014
Sales of goods and real estate		235		0		246		188,147
Services income		22,255		120,866		12,016		492,759
Total Segment Revenues		75,665		126,677		117,610		1,395,847
Interest expense		22,225		373		20,972		67,275
Costs of operating leases		649		0		48,902		191,032
Life insurance costs		0		0		0		166,834
Costs of goods and real estate sold		151		0		229		137,644
Services expense		854		32,629		7,599		289,880
Other (income) and expense*		( 2,284	)	4,609		( 621	)	8,700
Selling, general and administrative expenses		45,360		69,026		21,782		299,292
Provision for credit losses, and write-downs of long-lived assets and securities		1,617		115		4,555		8,047
Total Segment Expenses		68,572		106,752		103,418		1,168,704
Equity in Net income (Loss) of equity method investments and others		9,514		872		4,932		60,626
Segment Profits		16,607		20,797		19,124		287,769
Significant non-cash items:
Depreciation and amortization		1,736		3,202		47,103		197,817
Increase in policy liabilities and policy account balances		0		0		0		41,053
Expenditures for long-lived assets		878		480		86,152		432,591

“Other (income) and expense” includes items such as expenses of taxes and insurance premiums related to finance leases, impairment losses on goodwill and other intangible assets, gains and losses on derivatives, and foreign exchange gains and losses.

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	Millions of yen
	Six months ended September 30, 2025
	Corporate Financial Services and Maintenance Leasing		Real Estate		PE Investment and Concession		Environment and Energy		Insurance		Banking and Credit		Aircraft and Ships
Finance revenues	¥	35,585	¥	2,439	¥	6,433	¥	3,772	¥	72	¥	39,642	¥	2,020
Gains on investment securities and dividends		2,398		1,103		475		20,092		0		( 3,976	)	251
Operating leases		150,390		25,700		17,492		48		0		0		44,048
Life insurance premiums and related investment income		0		0		0		0		300,947		0		0
Sales of goods and real estate		2,020		64,965		134,971		1,534		0		0		553
Services income		54,211		179,647		38,124		89,295		0		1,237		9,064
Total Segment Revenues		244,604		273,854		197,495		114,741		301,019		36,903		55,936
Interest expense		5,666		2,566		2,436		6,946		259		8,790		10,189
Costs of operating leases		103,609		12,224		11,359		9		0		0		23,031
Life insurance costs		0		0		0		0		221,076		0		0
Costs of goods and real estate sold		1,631		54,982		94,912		1,022		0		0		420
Services expense		29,578		133,414		25,863		65,685		0		4,289		3,857
Other (income) and expense*		10,190		( 3,014	)	( 4,027	)	( 5,249	)	( 3	)	13		1,282
Selling, general and administrative expenses		44,986		22,995		44,318		12,875		28,857		11,961		6,657
Provision for credit losses, and write-downs of long-lived assets and securities		609		138		936		335		( 26	)	207		( 1	)
Total Segment Expenses		196,269		223,305		175,797		81,623		250,163		25,260		45,435
Equity in Net income (Loss) of equity method investments and others		10,305		( 1,455	)	34,959		86,567		( 0	)	886		11,451
Segment Profits		58,640		49,094		56,657		119,685		50,856		12,529		21,952
Significant non-cash items:
Depreciation and amortization		82,359		9,409		10,476		15,972		12,195		( 100	)	16,487
Increase in policy liabilities and policy account balances		0		0		0		0		196,700		0		0
Expenditures for long-lived assets		121,442		25,671		8,878		21,758		102		65		121,490
	Millions of yen
	Six months ended September 30, 2025
	ORIX USA		ORIX Europe		Asia and Australia		Total
Finance revenues	¥	51,219	¥	1,518	¥	35,309	¥	178,009
Gains on investment securities and dividends		7,801		9,437		167		37,748
Operating leases		1,038		0		67,820		306,536
Life insurance premiums and related investment income		0		0		0		300,947
Sales of goods and real estate		575		0		219		204,837
Services income		24,039		122,930		11,168		529,715
Total Segment Revenues		84,672		133,885		114,683		1,557,792
Interest expense		24,980		265		18,916		81,013
Costs of operating leases		1,297		0		48,393		199,922
Life insurance costs		0		0		0		221,076
Costs of goods and real estate sold		267		0		198		153,432
Services expense		867		33,764		7,235		304,552
Other (income) and expense*		( 395	)	3,429		( 325	)	1,901
Selling, general and administrative expenses		49,684		74,172		22,405		318,910
Provision for credit losses, and write-downs of long-lived assets and securities		6,911		148		2,877		12,134
Total Segment Expenses		83,611		111,778		99,699		1,292,940
Equity in Net income (Loss) of equity method investments and others		( 2,864	)	( 28	)	4,709		144,530
Segment Profits		( 1,803	)	22,079		19,693		409,382
Significant non-cash items:
Depreciation and amortization		717		3,365		46,718		197,598
Increase in policy liabilities and policy account balances		0		0		0		196,700
Expenditures for long-lived assets		1,796		303		89,653		391,158

“Other (income) and expense” includes items such as expenses of taxes and insurance premiums related to finance leases, impairment losses on goodwill and other intangible assets, gains and losses on derivatives, and foreign exchange gains and losses.

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Segment information as of March 31, 2025 and September 30, 2025 is as follows:

	Millions of yen
	As of March 31, 2025
	Corporate Financial Services and Maintenance Leasing		Real Estate		PE Investment and Concession		Environment and Energy		Insurance		Banking and Credit		Aircraft and Ships
Net investment in leases	¥	569,380	¥	45,810	¥	1,640	¥	2,092	¥	0	¥	0	¥	0
Installment loans		424,370		30		124,411		3,609		12,805		2,511,736		36,119
Investment in operating leases		557,625		311,377		46,796		237		26,167		0		599,813
Investment in securities		29,690		6,209		6,117		32,032		2,234,453		305,441		9,387
Property under facility operations and servicing assets		43,857		175,153		53,832		487,241		0		0		28
Inventories		433		182,652		41,021		2,551		0		0		1,588
Advances for finance lease and operating lease		6,177		78,044		3		0		0		0		27,816
Equity method investments		16,375		177,956		148,274		170,946		35,865		43,934		402,567
Advances for property under facility operations		143		7,401		728		70,081		0		0		0
Goodwill, intangible assets acquired in business combinations*1		25,268		50,801		331,003		120,743		4,452		0		43,024
Other assets*2		211,247		122,860		269,119		126,643		695,492		283,460		111,631
Segment Assets		1,884,565		1,158,293		1,022,944		1,016,175		3,009,234		3,144,571		1,231,973
	Millions of yen
	As of March 31, 2025
	ORIX USA		ORIX Europe		Asia and Australia		Total
Net investment in leases	¥	451	¥	0	¥	547,966	¥	1,167,339
Installment loans		652,805		0		315,128		4,081,013
Investment in operating leases		21,260		0		394,764		1,958,039
Investment in securities		487,022		86,008		37,768		3,234,127
Property under facility operations and servicing assets		76,469		0		1,844		838,424
Inventories		137		0		615		228,997
Advances for finance lease and operating lease		0		0		4,833		116,873
Equity method investments		54,817		8,578		260,395		1,319,707
Advances for property under facility operations		0		0		51		78,404
Goodwill, intangible assets acquired in business combinations*1		171,884		354,801		6,986		1,108,962
Other assets*2		129,094		219,919		155,277		2,324,742
Segment Assets		1,593,939		669,306		1,725,627		16,456,627

*1. In ORIX USA segment, there are no goodwill or intangible assets acquired in business combinations related to noncontrolling interests or redeemable noncontrolling interests.

In ORIX Europe segment, goodwill and intangible assets acquired in business combinations related to noncontrolling interests amount to ¥ 6,660 million, and there are no goodwill or intangible assets related to redeemable noncontrolling interests.

*2. Other assets include cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, allowance for credit losses, trade notes, accounts and other receivables, office facilities, loans to ORIX and its subsidiaries, and reinsurance recoverables.

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	Millions of yen
	As of September 30, 2025
	Corporate Financial Services and Maintenance Leasing		Real Estate		PE Investment and Concession		Environment and Energy		Insurance		Banking and Credit		Aircraft and Ships
Net investment in leases	¥	569,392	¥	42,489	¥	1,375	¥	1,838	¥	0	¥	0	¥	11,768
Installment loans		397,929		21		129,094		4,884		13,849		2,631,885		25,993
Investment in operating leases		583,204		329,729		46,504		229		26,050		0		626,577
Investment in securities		32,341		10,042		6,371		148,462		2,296,469		255,716		4,506
Property under facility operations and servicing assets		43,219		158,463		66,860		487,081		0		0		26
Inventories		643		192,716		41,897		2,330		0		0		1,842
Advances for finance lease and operating lease		5,242		66,865		39		0		0		0		34,820
Equity method investments		8,338		206,442		190,703		10,365		40,348		43,840		402,807
Advances for property under facility operations		19		7,578		3,383		74,608		0		0		0
Goodwill, intangible assets acquired in business combinations*1		24,774		49,752		337,643		112,496		4,452		0		50,960
Other assets*2		190,215		96,249		230,925		135,079		759,477		322,176		96,755
Segment Assets		1,855,316		1,160,346		1,054,794		977,372		3,140,645		3,253,617		1,256,054
	Millions of yen
	As of September 30, 2025
	ORIX USA		ORIX Europe		Asia and Australia		Total
Net investment in leases	¥	428	¥	0	¥	573,261	¥	1,200,551
Installment loans		721,213		0		283,373		4,208,241
Investment in operating leases		27,312		0		438,307		2,077,912
Investment in securities		508,690		95,095		35,054		3,392,746
Property under facility operations and servicing assets		75,660		0		2,033		833,342
Inventories		518		0		206		240,152
Advances for finance lease and operating lease		0		0		3,217		110,183
Equity method investments		79,389		8,517		249,690		1,240,439
Advances for property under facility operations		0		0		0		85,588
Goodwill, intangible assets acquired in business combinations*1		329,036		377,703		6,840		1,293,656
Other assets*2		174,922		238,474		149,136		2,393,408
Segment Assets		1,917,168		719,789		1,741,117		17,076,218

*1. In ORIX USA segment, there are no goodwill or intangible assets acquired in business combinations related to noncontrolling interests. Goodwill and intangible assets acquired in business combinations related to redeemable noncontrolling interests amount to ¥ 45,355 million.

In ORIX Europe segment, goodwill and intangible assets acquired in business combinations related to noncontrolling interests amount to ¥ 6,841 million, and there are no goodwill or intangible assets related to redeemable noncontrolling interests.

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The reconciliation of segment totals to the condensed consolidated financial statement amounts is as follows:

	Millions of yen
	Six months ended September 30, 2024		Six months ended September 30, 2025
Segment revenues:
Total revenues for segments	¥	1,395,847	¥	1,557,792
Revenues related to corporate assets		34,620		43,292
Revenues from inter-segment transactions		( 26,834	)	( 36,587	)
Total consolidated revenues	¥	1,403,633	¥	1,564,497
Segment profits:
Total profits for segments	¥	287,769	¥	409,382
Corporate profits (losses)		( 30,109	)	( 21,949	)
Net income (loss) attributable to the noncontrolling interests and net income (loss) attributable to the redeemable noncontrolling interests		( 669	)	4,049
Total consolidated income before income taxes	¥	256,991	¥	391,482

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The following information represents disaggregation of revenues for revenues from contracts with customers, by goods or services category for the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2025.

For the six months ended September 30, 2024

	Millions of yen
	Six months ended September 30, 2024
	Reportable segments
	Corporate Financial Services and Maintenance Leasing		Real Estate		PE Investment and Concession		Environment and Energy		Insurance		Banking and Credit		Aircraft and Ships
Goods or services category
Sales of goods	¥	1,812	¥	1,972	¥	122,384	¥	1,481	¥	0	¥	0	¥	196
Real estate sales		0		59,821		0		0		0		0		0
Asset management and servicing		170		3,549		0		63		0		0		22
Automobile related services		32,327		0		0		106		0		0		0
Facilities operation		0		40,003		0		0		0		0		0
Environment and energy services		1,747		23		36		86,340		0		0		0
Real estate management and brokerage		0		51,132		0		0		0		0		0
Real estate contract work		0		51,013		22,973		0		0		0		0
Other		20,539		1,002		8,464		310		( 1	)	1,567		5,712
Total revenues from contracts with customers		56,595		208,515		153,857		88,300		( 1	)	1,567		5,930
Other revenues *		172,209		51,664		27,169		662		235,173		28,883		45,372
Segment revenues/Total revenues	¥	228,804	¥	260,179	¥	181,026	¥	88,962	¥	235,172	¥	30,450	¥	51,302
	Millions of yen
	Six months ended September 30, 2024
	Reportable segments								Corporate revenue and intersegment transactions		Total revenues
	ORIX USA		ORIX Europe		Asia and Australia		Total
Goods or services category
Sales of goods	¥	235	¥	0	¥	246	¥	128,326	¥	2,727	¥	131,053
Real estate sales		0		0		0		59,821		0		59,821
Asset management and servicing		6,845		120,784		37		131,470		( 116	)	131,354
Automobile related services		0		0		11,239		43,672		0		43,672
Facilities operation		0		0		0		40,003		675		40,678
Environment and energy services		0		0		0		88,146		( 681	)	87,465
Real estate management and brokerage		0		0		0		51,132		( 713	)	50,419
Real estate contract work		0		0		0		73,986		( 896	)	73,090
Other		1,376		82		647		39,698		5,790		45,488
Total revenues from contracts with customers		8,456		120,866		12,169		656,254		6,786		663,040
Other revenues *		67,209		5,811		105,441		739,593		1,000		740,593
Segment revenues/Total revenues	¥	75,665	¥	126,677	¥	117,610	¥	1,395,847	¥	7,786	¥	1,403,633

Other revenues include revenues that are not in the scope of revenue from contracts with customers, such as life insurance premiums and related investment income, operating leases, finance revenues that include interest income, and others.

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For the six months ended September 30, 2025

	Millions of yen
	Six months ended September 30, 2025
	Reportable segments
	Corporate Financial Services and Maintenance Leasing		Real Estate		PE Investment and Concession		Environment and Energy		Insurance		Banking and Credit		Aircraft and Ships
Goods or services category
Sales of goods	¥	2,020	¥	2,155	¥	134,971	¥	1,534	¥	0	¥	0	¥	553
Real estate sales		0		62,810		0		0		0		0		0
Asset management and servicing		101		3,815		0		68		0		0		16
Automobile related services		34,607		0		0		93		0		0		0
Facilities operation		0		50,019		790		0		0		0		0
Environment and energy services		1,826		24		0		87,618		0		0		0
Real estate management and brokerage		0		53,886		0		0		0		0		0
Real estate contract work		396		49,015		26,653		0		0		0		0
Other		17,229		787		10,681		867		0		1,237		9,048
Total revenues from contracts with customers		56,179		222,511		173,095		90,180		0		1,237		9,617
Other revenues *		188,425		51,343		24,400		24,561		301,019		35,666		46,319
Segment revenues/Total revenues	¥	244,604	¥	273,854	¥	197,495	¥	114,741	¥	301,019	¥	36,903	¥	55,936
	Millions of yen
	Six months ended September 30, 2025
	Reportable segments								Corporate revenue and intersegment transactions		Total revenues
	ORIX USA		ORIX Europe		Asia and Australia		Total
Goods or services category
Sales of goods	¥	575	¥	0	¥	219	¥	142,027	¥	2,127	¥	144,154
Real estate sales		0		0		0		62,810		0		62,810
Asset management and servicing		6,265		122,908		251		133,424		( 163	)	133,261
Automobile related services		0		0		9,990		44,690		( 78	)	44,612
Facilities operation		0		0		0		50,809		869		51,678
Environment and energy services		0		0		0		89,468		( 650	)	88,818
Real estate management and brokerage		0		0		0		53,886		( 695	)	53,191
Real estate contract work		0		0		0		76,064		( 827	)	75,237
Other		6,151		22		815		46,837		4,985		51,822
Total revenues from contracts with customers		12,991		122,930		11,275		700,015		5,568		705,583
Other revenues *		71,681		10,955		103,408		857,777		1,137		858,914
Segment revenues/Total revenues	¥	84,672	¥	133,885	¥	114,683	¥	1,557,792	¥	6,705	¥	1,564,497

Other revenues include revenues that are not in the scope of revenue from contracts with customers, such as life insurance premiums and related investment income, operating leases, finance revenues that include interest income, and others.

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Table of Contents

Subsequent Events

There are no material subsequent events.

– 1 29 –

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