ORBMINCO LIMITED - Governance Information 2012

27[th] July 2012

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ASX Release By e-lodgement

Dear Sir/Madam

New Constitution

In accordance with Listing Rule 15.4.2, we enclose a copy of the Constitution of Australian-American Mining Corporation Limited, as adopted at the Annual General Meeting held on 25 November 2011.

Regards,

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Jim Malone Company Secretary/Executive Director

ENDS

Australian American Mining Corporation Ltd ABN 99 073 155 781 Level 6, 5 Mill Street, Perth, WA, Australia, 6000 Telephone: (08) 9481 0799 Facsimile: (08) 9481 1927

Constitution

of

Australian-American Mining Corporation Limited (ACN 073 155 781)

1.	Preliminary .................................................................................................................. 1	Preliminary .................................................................................................................. 1
	1.1	Definitions and interpretation ........................................................................... 1
	1.2	Nature of the Company ................................................................................... 1
	1.3	Replaceable rules ........................................................................................... 1
2.	Shares ......................................................................................................................... 1
	2.1	Issue of Shares and options ............................................................................ 1
	2.2	Variation of classes and class rights ............................................................... 1
	2.3	Converting shares ........................................................................................... 2
	2.4	Reductions of capital and buy-backs ............................................................... 2
	2.5	Unmarketable parcels of Shares ..................................................................... 2
	2.6	Registered holder is absolute owner ............................................................... 2
	2.7	Holding statements and certificates ................................................................. 2
	2.8	Voluntary escrow ............................................................................................ 3
3.	Calls, company payments, forfeiture and liens ........................................................ 3
4.	Transfer of shares ...................................................................................................... 3
	4.1	Electronic Transfer Systems ........................................................................... 3
	4.2	Forms of transfer ............................................................................................. 3
	4.3	Instrument of transfer ...................................................................................... 4
	4.4	Transferor is holder until transfer registered .................................................... 4
	4.5	Refusal to register transfers ............................................................................ 4
	4.6	No registration fee ........................................................................................... 5
	4.7	Transmission of Shares .................................................................................. 5
5.	Proceedings of Members ........................................................................................... 5
	5.1	Who can call meetings of Members ................................................................ 5
	5.2	Annual General Meeting ................................................................................. 5
	5.3	How to call meetings of Members ................................................................... 6
	5.4	Right to attend meetings ................................................................................. 6
	5.5	Meeting at more than one place ...................................................................... 7
	5.6	Quorum ........................................................................................................... 7
	5.7	Chairperson .................................................................................................... 8
	5.8	General conduct of meetings .......................................................................... 9
	5.9	Resolutions of Members.................................................................................. 9
	5.10	Polls ................................................................................................................ 9
	5.11	Adjourned, cancelled and postponed meetings ............................................. 10
	5.12	Number of votes ............................................................................................ 11
	5.13	Objections to qualification to vote .................................................................. 12
	5.14	Proxies, attorneys and representatives ......................................................... 13
6.	Directors .................................................................................................................... 15
	6.1	Number of Directors ...................................................................................... 15
	6.2	Appointment of Directors ............................................................................... 15
	6.3	Retirement of Directors and Vacation of office .............................................. 16
	6.4	Alternate Directors ........................................................................................ 17
	6.5	Remuneration of Directors ............................................................................ 17
	6.6	Interests of Directors ..................................................................................... 18
7.	Officers ...................................................................................................................... 20
	7.1	Managing Director ......................................................................................... 20

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	7.2	Secretary ...................................................................................................... 20
	7.3	Indemnity and insurance ............................................................................... 20
8.	Powers	of the Company and Directors ................................................................... 21
	8.1	General powers ............................................................................................. 21
	8.2	Execution of documents ................................................................................ 21
	8.3	Committees and delegates ............................................................................ 22
	8.4	Attorney or agent .......................................................................................... 22
9.	Proceedings of Directors ......................................................................................... 22
	9.1	Written resolutions of Directors ..................................................................... 22
	9.2	Meetings of Directors .................................................................................... 23
	9.3	Who can call meetings of Directors ............................................................... 23
	9.4	How to call meetings of Directors .................................................................. 24
	9.5	Quorum ......................................................................................................... 24
	9.6	Chairperson .................................................................................................. 24
	9.7	Resolutions of Directors ................................................................................ 25
10.	Dividends and profits ............................................................................................... 26
	10.1	Who may determine dividends ...................................................................... 26
	10.2	Dividends for different classes....................................................................... 26
	10.3	Dividends proportional to paid up capital ....................................................... 27
	10.4	Effect of a transfer on Dividends ................................................................... 27
	10.5	No interest on Dividends ............................................................................... 27
	10.6	Unpaid amounts ............................................................................................ 27
	10.7	Capitalisation of profits .................................................................................. 27
	10.8	Distributions of assets ................................................................................... 28
	10.9	Dividend plans .............................................................................................. 28
11.	Notices	and payments .............................................................................................. 28
	11.1	Notice to Members ........................................................................................ 28
	11.2	Notice to Directors......................................................................................... 29
	11.3	Notice to the Company .................................................................................. 29
	11.4	Time of service ............................................................................................. 30
	11.5	Signatures ..................................................................................................... 30
	11.6	Payments ...................................................................................................... 30
12.	Winding up ................................................................................................................ 31
	12.1	Distributions proportional to paid up capital ................................................... 31
	12.2	Distributions of assets ................................................................................... 31
Schedule 1 .............................................................................................................................. 32
Schedule 2 .............................................................................................................................. 36
Schedule 3 .............................................................................................................................. 43
Schedule 4 .............................................................................................................................. 45
Schedule 5 .............................................................................................................................. 48
Schedule 6 .............................................................................................................................. 49
Schedule 7 .............................................................................................................................. 51

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Constitution of Australian-American Mining Corporation Limited (ACN 073 155 781)

Date: Approved by Shareholders on 25 November 2011

1. Preliminary

1.1 Definitions and interpretation

Schedule 1 applies and forms part of this Constitution.

1.2 Nature of the Company

The Company is a public company limited by shares.

1.3 Replaceable rules

The replaceable rules in the Corporations Act do not apply to the Company.

2. Shares

2.1 Issue of Shares and options

(a) Subject to the Applicable Law and any rights and restrictions attached to a class of Shares, the Company may:
(i) allot and issue unissued Shares;
(ii) grant options over unissued Shares, on any terms, at any time and for any consideration, as the Directors resolve; and
(iii) allot and issue bonus shares, partly paid shares, preference shares, redeemable preference shares on the terms set out in Schedule 7 and convertible preference shares on the terms set out in Schedule 6.
(b) The powers of the Company under Article 2.1(a) may only be exercised by the Directors.

2.2 Variation of classes and class rights

(a) Subject to the Corporations Act and the terms of issue of Shares in a particular class, the Company may:
(i) vary or cancel rights attached to Shares in that class; or
(ii) convert Shares from one class to another,

by a special resolution of the Company and:

(iii) a special resolution passed at a meeting of the Members holding Shares in that class; or

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(iv) the written consent of Members who are entitled to at least 75% of the votes that may be cast in respect of Shares in that class.
(b) The provisions in this Constitution concerning meetings of Members (with the necessary changes) apply to a meeting held under Article 2.2(a)(iii).

2.3 Converting shares

The Company may by ordinary resolution passed at a general meeting convert all or any of its Shares into a larger or smaller number of Shares.

2.4 Reductions of capital and buy-backs

(a) Subject to the Applicable Law, the Company may:
(i) reduce its share capital; and
(ii) buy-back Shares in itself,

on any terms and at any time.

(b) The method of distribution of a reduction of the share capital of the Company may include any or all of the payment of cash, the issue of shares or other securities, the grant of options and the transfer of assets.
(c) If a distribution of a reduction of the share capital of the Company includes an issue or transfer of shares in a body corporate, each Member:
(i) agrees to become a member of that body corporate; and
(ii) in the case of transfer, appoints the Company and each Director as its agent to execute an instrument of transfer or other document required to transfer those shares to that Member.

2.5 Unmarketable parcels of Shares

Schedule 4 applies and forms part of this Constitution.

2.6 Registered holder is absolute owner

Except as required by law, the ASTC Operating Rules or this Constitution, the Company is not required to recognise any interest in, or right in respect of, a Share except an absolute right of legal ownership of the Member registered as the holder of that Share.

2.7 Holding statements and certificates

(a) Subject to the Applicable Law, the Company may not issue certificates for Shares, or cancel existing certificates for Shares without issuing any replacement certificate, if the Directors so resolve.
(b) The Company must issue to each Member, in accordance with the Applicable Law, statements of the holdings of Shares registered in the Member's name.
(c) Subject to Article 2.7(a) and the Applicable Law, the Company must issue to each Member, free of charge and in accordance with the Applicable Law, one certificate in respect of each class of Shares registered in the Member's name.

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(d) If a Share is jointly held:
(i) the Company is not required to issue more than one certificate for the Share; and
(ii) delivery of a certificate for the Share to any one of the joint holders of the Share is delivery to all the joint holders.
(e) Subject to Article 2.7(a) and the Corporations Act, the Company must issue a replacement certificate for a Share if:
(i) the Company receives and cancels the existing certificate; or
(ii) the Company is satisfied that the existing certificate is lost or destroyed, and the Member complies with all conditions set out in the Corporations Act and pays any fee as the Directors resolve.

2.8 Voluntary escrow

(a) A Member must give to the Company the information which the Company is required by the Listing Rules to disclose to ASX in respect of any arrangement entered into by that Member which restricts the transfer or other disposal of the Shares of that Member.
(b) The information referred to in Article 2.8(a) must be given to the Company as soon as reasonably practicable, but in any event no later than 2 Business Days prior to the date on which the Company is required by the Listing Rules to disclose that information to ASX.

3. Calls, company payments, forfeiture and liens

Schedule 2 applies and forms part of this Constitution.

4. Transfer of shares

4.1 Electronic Transfer Systems

The Company may do any act, matter or thing permitted under the Applicable Law to facilitate involvement by the Company in any clearing and settlement facility provided under the Applicable Law for the transfer of securities.

4.2 Forms of transfer

(a) Subject to this Constitution, a Member may transfer one or more Shares the Member holds by:
(i) a proper ASTC transfer;
(ii) an instrument of transfer in compliance with this Constitution; or
(iii) any other method permitted by the Applicable Law.
(b) Except as permitted by the Listing Rules or ASX, a Member must not dispose of restricted securities during the escrow period for those securities.

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4.3 Instrument of transfer

An instrument of transfer of a Share referred to in Article 4.2(a)(ii) must be:

(a) in writing;
(b) in any usual form or in any other form approved by the Directors that is otherwise permitted by law;
(a) subject to the Corporations Act, executed by or on behalf of the transferor, and if required by the Company, the transferee;
(b) stamped, if required by a law about stamp duty; and
(c) delivered to the Company, at the place where the Register is kept, together with the certificate (if any) of the Share to be transferred and any other evidence as the Directors require to prove:
(i) the title of the transferor to that Share;
(ii) the right of the transferor to transfer that Share; and
(iii) the proper execution of the instrument of transfer.

4.4 Transferor is holder until transfer registered

Subject to the ASTC Operating Rules, a person transferring a Share remains the registered holder of that Share until the transfer for that Share is registered and the name of the person to whom the Share is being transferred is entered in the Register as the holder of that Share.

4.5 Refusal to register transfers

(a) Subject to:
(i) the Applicable Law;
(ii) Article 4.3 and this Article 4.5; and
(iii) clause 2.1(c) of Schedule 2,

the Company must not refuse or fail to register a transfer of Shares.

(b) The Company may refuse to register a transfer of Shares where the Applicable Law permits the Company to do so.
(c) The Company must refuse to register a transfer of Shares where the Applicable Law or a law about stamp duty requires the Company to do so.
(d) Except as permitted by the Listing Rules or ASX, the Company must refuse to acknowledge a disposal (including registering a transfer) of restricted securities during the escrow period for those securities.
(e) Schedule 5 applies and forms part of the Constitution.
(f) The Company may apply, or may ask ASTC to apply, a holding lock (including to prevent a transfer, or to refuse to register a paper-based transfer document) where the Applicable Law permits the Company to do so.

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(g) The Company must give notice in writing of any refusal to register a transfer of Shares, and the reasons for the refusal, to the person transferring those Shares and the person who lodged the transfer (if not the same person) within 5 Business Days after the date on which the transfer was lodged with the Company.
(h) The Company must give notice in writing of any holding lock, and the reasons for the holding lock, to the Member of those Shares within 5 Business Days after the date on which the Company asked for the holding lock.
(i) Failure by the Company to give notice under Article 4.5(g) or 4.5(h) does not invalidate the refusal to register the transfer or the holding lock.
(j) The powers of the Company under Articles 4.5(b) and 4.5(f) may only be exercised by the Directors.

4.6 No registration fee

The Company must not charge a fee to register a transfer of a Share in compliance with this Constitution except as permitted by the Applicable Law.

4.7 Transmission of Shares

Schedule 3 applies and forms part of this Constitution.

5. Proceedings of Members

5.1 Who can call meetings of Members

(a) Subject to the Corporations Act, the Directors may call a meeting of Members at a time and place as the Directors resolve.
(b) Subject to the Corporations Act, a Director may call a meeting of Members at a time and place as that Director determines.
(c) The Directors must call and arrange to hold a general meeting of the Company on the request of Members made in accordance with the Corporations Act.
(d) The Members may call and arrange to hold a general meeting of the Company as provided by the Corporations Act.

5.2 Annual General Meeting

(a) The Company must hold an AGM if required by, and in accordance with, the Applicable Law.
(b) The business of an AGM may include any of the following, even if not referred to in the notice of meeting:
(i) the consideration of the annual financial report, director's report and auditor's report for the Company;
(ii) the election of Directors;
(iii) the appointment of the auditor of the Company; and
(iv) the fixing of the remuneration of the auditor of the Company.

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5.3 How to call meetings of Members

(a) The Company must give not less than Prescribed Notice of a meeting of Members.
(b) Notice of a meeting of Members must be given to ASX, each Member, each Director, each Alternate Director and any auditor of the Company.
(c) Holders of preference Shares have the same rights as holders of ordinary Shares to:
(i) receive notice of a meeting of Members; and
(ii) receive notices, reports and financial reports of the Company.
(d) Subject to Article 5.11(h), a notice of a meeting of Members must:
(i) set out the place, date and time for the meeting (and if the meeting is to be held in 2 or more places, the technology that will be used to facilitate this);
(ii) state the general nature of the business of the meeting; and
(iii) set out or include any other information or documents specified by the Applicable Law.
(e) Subject to the Corporations Act, a notice of a meeting of Members may state the date and time (being not more than 48 hours before the meeting) at which persons will be taken for the purposes of the meeting to hold Shares.
(f) A person may waive notice of any meeting of Members by notice in writing to the Company to that effect.
(g) Subject to the Corporations Act, anything done (including the passing of a resolution) at a meeting of Members is not invalid because either or both a person does not receive notice of the meeting or the Company accidentally does not give notice of the meeting to a person.

5.4 Right to attend meetings

(a) Each Eligible Member and any auditor of the Company is entitled to attend any meetings of Members.
(b) Holders of preference Shares have the same rights as holders of ordinary Shares to attend a meeting of Members.
(c) Subject to this Constitution, each Director is entitled to attend and speak at all meetings of Members.
(d) The chairperson of a meeting of Members may refuse any person admission to, or require a person to leave and remain out of, the meeting if that person:
(i) in the opinion of the chairperson, is not complying with the reasonable directions of the chairperson;
(ii) has any audio or visual recording device;
(iii) has a placard or banner;

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(iv) has an article the chairperson considers to be dangerous, offensive or liable to cause disruption;
(v) refuses to produce or to permit examination of any article, or the contents of any article, in the person's possession;
(vi) behaves or threatens to behave in a dangerous, offensive or disruptive manner; or
(vii) is not:
(A) an Eligible Member;
(B) a proxy, attorney or representative of an Eligible Member;
(C) a Director; or
(D) an auditor of the Company.

5.5 Meeting at more than one place

(a) A meeting of Members may be held in 2 or more places linked together by any technology that:
(i) gives the Eligible Members as a whole in those places a reasonable opportunity to participate in proceedings;
(ii) enables the chairperson to be aware of proceedings in each place; and
(iii) enables the Eligible Members in each place to vote on a show of hands and on a poll.
(b) If a meeting of Members is held in 2 or more places under Article 5.5(a):
(i) an Eligible Member present at one of the places is taken to be present at the meeting; and
(ii) the chairperson of that meeting may determine at which place the meeting is taken to have been held.

5.6 Quorum

(a) A quorum for a meeting of Members is 3 Eligible Members entitled to vote at that meeting.
(b) In determining whether a quorum for a meeting of Members is present:
(i) where more than one proxy, attorney or representative of an Eligible Member is present, only one of those persons is counted;
(ii) where a person is present as an Eligible Member and as a proxy, attorney or representative of another Eligible Member, that person is counted separately for each appointment provided that there is at least one other Eligible Member present; and

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(iii) where a person is present as a proxy, attorney or representative for more than one Eligible Member, that person is counted separately for each appointment provided that there is at least one other Eligible Member present.
(c) A quorum for a meeting of Members must be present at the commencement of the meeting. If a quorum is present at the commencement of a meeting of Members, it is taken to be present throughout the meeting unless the chairperson otherwise determines.
(d) If a quorum is not present within 30 minutes after the time appointed for a meeting of Members:
(i) if the meeting was called under Article 5.1(c) or Article 5.1(d), the meeting is dissolved; and
(ii) any other meeting is adjourned to the date, time and place as the Directors may by notice to the Members appoint, or failing any appointment, to the same day in the next week at the same time and place as the meeting adjourned.
(e) If a quorum is not present within 30 minutes after the time appointed for an adjourned meeting of Members, the meeting is dissolved.

5.7 Chairperson

(a) The chairperson of Directors must (if present within 15 minutes after the time appointed for the holding of the meeting and willing to act) chair each meeting of Members.
(b) If at a meeting of Members:
(i) there is no chairperson of Directors;
(ii) the chairperson of Directors is not present within 15 minutes after the time appointed for the holding of a meeting of Members; or
(iii) the chairperson of Directors is present within that time but is not willing to chair all or part of that meeting,

the Directors present may, by majority vote, elect a person present to chair all or part of the meeting of Members.

(c) Subject to Article 5.7(a), if at a meeting of Members:
(i) a chairperson of that meeting has not been elected by the Directors under Article 5.7(b); or
(ii) the chairperson elected by the Directors is not willing to chair all or part of a meeting of Members,

the Eligible Members present must elect another person present and willing to act to chair all or part of that meeting.

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5.8 General conduct of meetings

(a) Subject to the Corporations Act, the chairperson of a meeting of Members is responsible for the general conduct of that meeting and for the procedures to be adopted at that meeting.
(b) The chairperson of a meeting of Members may:
(i) make rulings or adjourn a meeting of Members without putting the question (or any question) to the vote if that action is required to ensure the orderly conduct of the meeting;
(ii) determine the procedures to be adopted for the casting or recording of votes;
(iii) determine any dispute concerning the admission, validity or rejection of a vote at a meeting of Members;
(iv) subject to the Corporations Act, terminate debate or discussion on any matter being considered at the meeting and require that matter be put to a vote;
(v) subject to the Corporations Act, refuse to allow debate or discussion on any matter which is not business referred to in the notice of that meeting or is not business referred to in Article 5.2(b); or
(vi) subject to the Corporations Act, refuse to allow any amendment to be moved to a resolution set out in the notice of that meeting.
(c) The chairperson of a meeting of Members may delegate any power conferred by this Article to any person.
(d) The powers conferred on the chairperson of a meeting of Members under this Article 5.8 do not limit the powers conferred by law.

5.9 Resolutions of Members

(a) Subject to the Corporations Act, a resolution at a meeting of Members is passed if the number of votes cast in favour of the resolution by Members entitled to vote on the resolution exceeds the number of votes cast against the resolution by Members entitled to vote on the resolution.
(b) Unless a poll is requested in accordance with Article 5.10, a resolution put to the vote at a meeting of Members must be decided on a show of hands.
(c) A declaration by the chairperson of a meeting of Members that a resolution on a show of hands is passed, passed by a particular majority, or not passed, and an entry to that effect in the minutes of the meeting, are sufficient evidence of that fact, unless proved incorrect.

5.10 Polls

(a) A poll may be demanded on any resolution at a meeting of Members except:
(i) the election of a chairperson of that meeting; or
(ii) the adjournment of that meeting.

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(b) A poll on a resolution at a meeting of Members may be demanded by:
(i) at least 5 Eligible Members present and entitled to vote on that resolution;
(ii) one or more Eligible Members present and who are together entitled to at least 5% of the votes that may be cast on that resolution on a poll; or
(iii) the chairperson of that meeting.
(c) A poll on a resolution at a meeting of Members may be demanded:
(i) before a vote on that resolution is taken; or
(ii) before or immediately after the results of the vote on that resolution on a show of hands are declared.
(d) A demand for a poll may be withdrawn.
(e) A poll demanded on a resolution at a meeting of Members, other than for the election of a chairperson of that meeting or the adjournment of that meeting, must be taken in the manner and at the time and place the chairperson directs.
(f) The result of a poll demanded on a resolution of a meeting of Members is a resolution of that meeting.
(g) A demand for a poll on a resolution of a meeting of Members does not prevent the continuance of that meeting or that meeting dealing with any other business.

5.11 Adjourned, cancelled and postponed meetings

(a) Subject to the Corporations Act, the chairperson:
(i) may adjourn a meeting of Members to any day, time and place; and
(ii) must adjourn a meeting of Members if the Eligible Members present with a majority of votes that may be cast at that meeting agree or direct the chairperson to do so. The chairperson may adjourn that meeting to any day, time and place.
(b) No person other than the chairperson of a meeting of Members may adjourn that meeting.
(c) The Company is only required to give notice of a meeting of Members resumed from an adjourned meeting if the period of adjournment exceeds 28 days.
(d) Only business left unfinished is to be transacted at a meeting of Members resumed after an adjournment.
(e) Subject to the Corporations Act and this Article 5.11, the Directors may at any time postpone or cancel a meeting of Members by giving notice not less than 5 Business Days before the time at which the meeting was to be held to ASX and each person who is, at the date of the notice:
(i) a Member;
(ii) a Director or Alternate Director; or

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(iii) an auditor of the Company.
(f) A general meeting called under Article 5.1(c) must not be cancelled by the Directors without the consent of the Members who requested the meeting.
(g) A general meeting called under Article 5.1(d) must not be cancelled or postponed by the Directors without the consent of the Members who called the meeting.
(h) A notice under Article 5.11(c) of a meeting of Members resumed from an adjourned meeting and a notice postponing a meeting of Members must set out the place, date and time for the revised meeting (and if the revised meeting is to be held in 2 or more places, the technology that will be used to facilitate this).

5.12 Number of votes

(a) Subject to this Constitution and any rights or restrictions attached to a class of Shares, on a show of hands at a meeting of Members, every Eligible Member present has one vote.
(b) Subject to this Constitution and any rights or restrictions attached to a class of Shares, on a poll at a meeting of Members, every Eligible Member present has:
(i) one vote for each fully paid up Share (whether the issue price of the Share was paid up or credited or both) that the Eligible Member holds; and
(ii) a fraction of one vote for each partly paid up Share that the Eligible Member holds. The fraction is equal to the proportion which the amount paid up on that Share (excluding amounts credited) is to the total amounts paid up and payable (excluding amounts credited) on that Share.
(c) Amounts paid in advance of a call on a Share are ignored when calculating the proportion under Article 5.12(b)(ii).
(d) If the total number of votes to which an Eligible Member is entitled on a poll does not constitute a whole number, the Company must disregard the fractional part of that total.
(e) A holder of a preference Share has the right to vote in the following circumstances only:
(i) during a period during which a Dividend (or part of a Dividend) in respect of the Share is in arrears;
(ii) on a proposal to reduce the share capital of the Company;
(iii) on a resolution to approve the terms of a buy-back agreement;
(iv) on a proposal that affects rights attached to the Share;
(v) on a proposal to wind up the Company;
(vi) on a proposal for the disposal of the whole of the property, business and undertaking of the Company; and
(vii) during the winding up of the Company.

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(f) If a Share is held jointly and more than one Member votes in respect of that Share, only the vote of the Member whose name appears first in the Register counts.
(g) A person may vote in respect of a Share at a meeting of Members if:
(i) the person is entitled to be registered as the holder of that Share because of a Transmission Event; and
(ii) the person satisfied the Directors of that entitlement not less than 48 hours before that meeting.

In that event, the Member of that Share must not vote.

(h) A Member who holds restricted securities is not entitled to any voting rights in respect of those restricted securities during:
(i) a breach of the Listing Rules relating to those restricted securities; or
(ii) a breach of a restriction agreement.
(i) An Eligible Member present at a meeting of Members is not entitled to vote on any resolution in respect of any Shares on which any calls due and payable in respect of those Shares have not been paid.
(j) An Eligible Member present at a meeting of Members is not entitled to vote on a resolution at that meeting where that vote is prohibited by the Applicable Law, an order of a court of competent jurisdiction or ASX.
(k) The Company must disregard any vote on a resolution purported to be cast by a Member present at a meeting of Members where that person is not entitled to vote on that resolution.
(l) The authority of proxy or attorney for an Eligible Member to speak or vote at a meeting of Members in respect of the Shares to which the authority relates is suspended while the Eligible Member is present in person at that meeting.
(m) If more than one proxy or attorney for an Eligible Member is present at a meeting of Members:
(i) none of them is entitled to vote on a show of hands; and
(ii) on a poll, the vote of each one is of no effect where the aggregate number or proportion of the Eligible Member's votes for which they have been appointed exceeds the total number or proportion of votes that could be cast by the Eligible Member.

5.13 Objections to qualification to vote

(a) An objection to the qualification of any person to vote at a meeting of Members may only be made before that meeting, to the Directors.
(b) Any objection under Article 5.13(a) must be decided by the chairperson of the meeting of Members whose decision, made in good faith, is final and conclusive.

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5.14 Proxies, attorneys and representatives

(a) An Eligible Member, who is entitled to attend and cast a vote at a meeting of Members, may vote on a show of hands and on a poll:
(i) in person or, if the Member is a body corporate, by its representative appointed in accordance with the Corporations Act;
(ii) by proxy or, if the Member is entitled to cast two or more votes at the meeting, by not more than 2 proxies; or
(iii) by attorney or, if the Member is entitled to cast two or more votes at the meeting, by not more than 2 attorneys.
(b) A proxy, attorney or representative of a Member need not be a Member.
(c) A Member may appoint a proxy, attorney or representative for:
- (i) all or any number of meetings of Members; or
- (ii) a particular meeting of Members.
(d) An instrument appointing a proxy is valid if it is signed by the Member making the appointment and contains:
(i) the name and address of that Member;
(ii) the name of the Company;
(iii) the name of the proxy or the name of the office of the proxy; and
(iv) the meetings of Members at which the proxy may be used.
(e) The chairperson of a meeting of Members may determine that an instrument appointing a proxy is valid even if it contains only some of the information specified in Article 5.14(d).
(f) An instrument appointing an attorney or representative must be in a form as the Directors may prescribe or the chairperson of a meeting of Members may accept.
(g) Subject to the Corporations Act, the decision of the chairperson of a meeting of Members as to the validity of an instrument appointing a proxy, attorney or representative is final and conclusive.
(h) Unless otherwise provided in the Corporations Act or in the instrument appointing a proxy or attorney, a proxy or attorney may:
(i) agree to a meeting of Members being called by shorter notice than is required by the Corporations Act or this Constitution;
(ii) agree to a resolution being either or both proposed and passed at a meeting of Members of which notice of less than 28 days is given;
(iii) speak on any resolution at a meeting of Members on which the proxy or attorney may vote;

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(iv) vote at a meeting of Members (but only to the extent allowed by the appointment);
(v) demand or join in demanding a poll on any resolution at a meeting of Members on which the proxy or attorney may vote; and
(vi) attend and vote at any meeting of Members which is rescheduled or adjourned.
(i) Unless otherwise provided in the Corporations Act or in the instrument appointing a proxy or attorney, a proxy or attorney may vote on:
(i) any amendment to a resolution on which the proxy or attorney may vote;
(ii) any motion not to put that resolution or any similar motion; and
(iii) any procedural motion relating to that resolution, including a motion to elect the chairperson of a meeting of Members, vacate the chair or adjourn that meeting,

even if the appointment directs the proxy or attorney how to vote on that resolution.

(j) The Company must only send a form of proxy to Eligible Members in respect of a meeting of Members which provides for the Eligible Member:
(i) to appoint proxies of the Eligible Member's choice, but may specify who is to be appointed as proxy if the Eligible Member does not choose; and
(ii) to vote for or against each resolution, and may also provide for the Eligible Member to abstain from voting on each resolution or for the proxy to exercise a discretion to vote for or against each resolution.
(k) If the name of the proxy or the name of the office of the proxy in a proxy form of an Eligible Member is not filled in, the proxy of that Eligible Member is:
(i) the person specified by the Company in the form of proxy in the case the Eligible Member does not choose; or
(ii) if no person is so specified, the chairperson of that meeting.
(l) An Eligible Member may specify the manner in which a proxy or attorney is to vote on a particular resolution at a meeting of Members.
(m) The appointment of a proxy or attorney by an Eligible Member may specify the proportion or number of the Eligible Member's votes that the proxy or attorney may exercise.
(n) If an Eligible Member appoints 2 persons as proxy or attorney, and the appointment does not specify the proportion or number of the Eligible Member's votes those persons may exercise, those persons may exercise one half of the votes of the Eligible Member.
(o) If the total number of votes to which a proxy or attorney is entitled to exercise does not constitute a whole number, the Company must disregard the fractional part of that total.

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(p) An appointment of proxy or attorney for a meeting of Members is effective only if the Company receives the appointment (and any authority under which the appointment was signed or a certified copy of the authority) not less than:
(i) 48 hours before the time scheduled for commencement of that meeting; or
(ii) in the case of a meeting which has been adjourned, 48 hours before the time scheduled for resumption of the meeting.
(q) Unless the Company has received notice in writing of the matter not less than 48 hours before the time scheduled for the commencement of a meeting of Members, a vote cast at that meeting by a person appointed by an Eligible Member as a proxy, attorney or representative is, subject to this Constitution and the Applicable Law, valid even if, before the person votes:
(i) there is a Transmission Event in respect of that Eligible Member;
(ii) that Eligible Member revokes the appointment of that person;
(iii) that Eligible Member revokes the authority under which the person was appointed by a third party; or
(iv) that Eligible Member transfers the Shares in respect of which the appointment is made.

6. Directors

6.1 Number of Directors

(a) The Company must have not less than 3, and not more than 10, Directors.
(b) The Company in general meeting may by ordinary resolution alter the maximum or minimum number of Directors provided that the minimum is not less than 3.
(c) Subject to this Article 6.1, the Directors must determine the number of Directors provided that the Directors cannot reduce the number of Directors below the number in office at the time that determination takes effect.
(d) If the number of Directors is below the minimum fixed by this Constitution, the Directors must not act except in emergencies, for appointing one or more directors in order to make up a quorum for a meeting of Directors, or to call and arrange to hold a meeting of Members.

6.2 Appointment of Directors

(a) Subject to Article 6.1, the Directors may appoint any person as a Director.
(b) The Company in general meeting may by ordinary resolution appoint any person as a Director.
(c) A Director need not be a Member.
(d) The Company must hold an election of Directors each year.
(e) The Company must accept nominations for the election of a Director:

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(i) in the case of a meeting of Members called under Article 5.1(c), 30 Business Days; or
(ii) otherwise, 35 Business Days,

before the date of the meeting of Members at which the Director may be elected.

(f) A nomination of a person for Director (other than a Director retiring in accordance with this Constitution) must be:
(i) in writing;
(ii) signed by a Member entitled to attend and vote at the meeting of Members at which the election is proposed;
(iii) accompanied by a notice in writing signed by the nominee consenting to the nomination; and
(iv) lodged with the Company at its registered office.

6.3 Retirement of Directors and Vacation of office

(a) At each AGM, all of the Directors shall retire from office. If Directors are not elected at an AGM, the incumbent Directors continue in office until their successors are elected.
(b) A Director who retires under Article 6.3(a) is eligible for re-election.
(c) A Director may resign from office by giving the Company notice in writing.
(d) Subject to the Corporations Act, the Company may by ordinary resolution passed at a general meeting remove any Director, and if thought fit, appoint another person in place of that Director.
(e) A Director appointed under Article 6.2(a) may retire at the next general meeting of the Company and is eligible for re-election at that meeting.
(f) Unless a Director appointed under Article 6.2(a) has retired under Article 6.3(e), that Director must retire at the next AGM, and is eligible for re-election at that meeting.
(g) A Director ceases to be a Director if:
(i) the Director becomes of unsound mind or a person whose property is liable to be dealt with under a law about mental health;
(ii) the Director is absent without the consent of the Directors from all meetings of the Directors held during a period of 6 months;
(iii) the Director resigns or is removed under this Constitution;
(iv) the Director becomes an insolvent under administration; or
(v) the Corporations Act so provides.

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6.4 Alternate Directors

(a) With the approval of a majority of the other Directors, a Director may appoint a person as an alternate director of that Director for any period.
(b) An Alternate Director need not be a Member.
(c) The appointing Director may terminate the appointment of his or her Alternate Director at any time.
(d) A notice of appointment, or termination of appointment, of an Alternate Director is effective only if:
(i) the notice is in writing;
(ii) the notice is signed by the Director who appointed that Alternate Director; and
(iii) the Company is given a copy of the notice.
(e) Subject to this Constitution and the Applicable Law, an Alternate Director may:
(i) attend, count in the quorum of, speak at, and vote at a meeting of Directors in place of his or her appointing Director if that Director is not present at a meeting; and
(ii) exercise any other powers (except the power under Article 6.4(a)) that his or her appointing Director may exercise.
(f) An Alternate Director cannot exercise any powers of his or her appointing Director if that appointing Director ceases to be a Director.
(g) A person does not cease to be a Director under Article 6.4(f) if that person retires as a Director at a meeting of Members and is re-elected as a Director at that meeting.
(h) Subject to Article 6.5(g), the Company is not required to pay any remuneration to an Alternate Director.
(i) An Alternate Director is an officer of the Company and not an agent of his or her appointing Director.

6.5 Remuneration of Directors

(a) The Company may pay to the Non-Executive Directors a maximum total amount of director's fees, determined by the Company in general meeting, or until so determined, as the Directors resolve.
(b) The remuneration of the Non-Executive Directors must not be calculated as a commission on, or percentage of, profits or operating revenue.
(c) The Directors may determine the manner in which all or part of the amount in Article 6.5(a) is divided between the Non-Executive Directors, or until so determined, the amount in Article 6.5(a) must be divided between the Non-Executive Directors equally.
(d) The remuneration of the Non-Executive Directors is taken to accrue from day to day.

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(e) The remuneration of the Executive Directors:
(i) must, subject to the provisions of any contract between each of them and the Company, be fixed by the Directors; and
(ii) must not be calculated as a commission on, or percentage of, operating revenue.
(f) If a Director performs extra or special services, including being:
(i) a member on a committee of Directors; or
(ii) the chairperson of Directors or deputy chairperson of Directors,

the Company may, subject to the Corporations Act and this Article 6.5, pay additional remuneration or provide benefits to that Director as the Directors resolve.

(g) The Company must pay all reasonable travelling, accommodation and other expenses that a Director or Alternate Director properly incurs:
(i) in attending meetings of Directors or any meetings of committees of Directors;
(ii) in attending any meetings of Members; and
(iii) in connection with the business of the Company.
(h) Subject to the Applicable Law, any Director may participate in any fund, trust or scheme for the benefit of:
(i) past or present employees or Directors of the Company or a related body corporate of the Company; or
(ii) the dependants of, or persons connected with, any person referred to in Article 6.5(h)(i).
(i) Subject to the Applicable Law, the Company may give, or agree to give, a person a benefit in connection with that person's, or someone else's, retirement from a board or managerial office in the Company or a related body corporate of the Company.

6.6 Interests of Directors

(a) A Director may:
(i) hold an office or place of profit (except as auditor) in the Company, on any terms as the Directors resolve;
(ii) hold an office or otherwise be interested in any related body corporate of the Company or other body corporate in which the Company is interested; or
(iii) act, or the Director's firm may act, in any professional capacity for the Company (except as auditor) or any related body corporate of the Company or other body corporate in which the Company is interested,

and retain the benefits of doing so if the Director discloses in accordance with the Corporations Act the interest giving rise to those benefits.

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(b) If a Director discloses the interest of the Director in accordance with the Corporations Act:
(i) the Director may contract or make an arrangement with the Company, or a related body corporate of the Company or a body corporate in which the Company is interested, in any matter in any capacity;
(ii) the Director may, subject to the Corporations Act, be counted in a quorum for a meeting of Directors considering the contract or arrangement;
(iii) the Director may, subject to the Applicable Law, vote on whether the Company enters into the contract or arrangement, and on any matter that relates to the contract or arrangement;
(iv) the Director may sign on behalf of the Company, or witness the affixing of the common seal of the Company to, any document in respect of the contract or arrangement;
(v) the Director may retain the benefits under the contract or arrangement; and
(vi) the Company cannot avoid the contract or arrangement merely because of the existence of the Director's interest.
(c) The Director must give to the Company:
(i) at its registered office; or
(ii) any other place the Company reasonably notifies the Director in writing,

the information which the Company is required by the Listing Rules to disclose to ASX in respect of:

(iii) Notifiable Interests of the Director; and
(iv) changes to the Notifiable Interests of the Director, in the form which the Company is required to tell ASX under the Listing Rules.
(d) The information referred to in Article 6.6(c) must be given to the Company as soon as reasonably possible after each of the following dates but in any event no later than 3 Business Days after each of the following dates:
(i) when the Director is appointed as a director of the Company, the date of appointment;
(ii) when a change in a Notifiable Interest of the Director occurs, the date of the change; and
(iii) when the Director ceases to be a director of the Company, the date of cessation.
(e) Each Director authorises the Company to give the information provided by the Director under Article 6.6(c) to ASX on the Director's behalf and as the Director's agent.

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(f) The Company may enforce after the date a person ceases to be a Director an obligation of that person under Article 6.6(c) in respect of events which occurred on or prior to the date that person ceased to be a Director.

7. Officers

7.1 Managing Director

(a) The Directors may appoint one or more of themselves as a managing director, for any period and on any terms (including as to remuneration) as the Directors resolve.
(b) Subject to any agreement between the Company and a managing director, the Directors may remove or dismiss a managing director from his role as managing director at any time, with or without cause.
(c) The Directors may delegate any of their powers (including the power to delegate) to a managing director.
(d) The Directors may revoke or vary:
(i) the appointment of a managing director; or
(ii) any power delegated to a managing director.
(e) A managing director must exercise the powers delegated to him or her in accordance with any directions of the Directors.
(f) The exercise of a delegated power by a managing director is as effective as if the Directors exercised the power.
(g) A person ceases to be a managing director if the person ceases to be a Director.

7.2 Secretary

(a) The Directors may appoint one or more Secretaries, for any period and on any terms (including as to remuneration) as the Directors resolve.
(b) Subject to any agreement between the Company and a Secretary, the Directors may remove or dismiss a Secretary at any time, with or without cause.
(c) The Directors may revoke or vary the appointment of a Secretary.

7.3 Indemnity and insurance

(a) To the extent permitted by law, the Company must indemnify each Relevant Officer against:
(i) a Liability of that person; and
(ii) Legal Costs of that person.
(b) To the extent permitted by law, the Company may make a payment (whether by way of advance, loan or otherwise) to a Relevant Officer in respect of Legal Costs of that person.

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(c) To the extent permitted by law, the Company may pay, or agree to pay, a premium for a contract insuring a Relevant Officer against:
(i) a Liability of that person; and
(ii) Legal Costs of that person.
(d) To the extent permitted by law, the Company may enter into an agreement or deed with:
(i) a Relevant Officer; or
(ii) a person who is, or has been an officer of the Company or a subsidiary of the Company,

under which the Company must do all or any of the following:

(iii) keep books of the Company and allow either or both that person and that person's advisers access to those books on the terms agreed;
(iv) indemnify that person against any Liability of that person;
(v) make a payment (whether by way of advance, loan or otherwise) to that person in respect of Legal Costs of that person; and
(vi) keep that person insured in respect of any act or omission by that person while a Relevant Officer or an officer of the Company or a subsidiary of the Company, on the terms agreed (including as to payment of all or part of the premium for the contract of insurance).

8. Powers of the Company and Directors

8.1 General powers

(a) The Company may exercise in any manner permitted by the Corporations Act any power which a public company limited by shares may exercise under the Corporations Act.
(b) The business of the Company is managed by or under the direction of the Directors.
(c) The Directors may exercise all the powers of the Company except any powers that the Corporations Act or this Constitution requires the Company to exercise in general meeting.

8.2 Execution of documents

(a) If the Company has a common seal, the Company may execute a document if that seal is fixed to the document and the fixing of that seal is witnessed by:
(i) 2 Directors;
(ii) a Director and a Secretary; or
(iii) a Director and another person appointed by the Directors for that purpose.

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(b) The Company may execute a document without a common seal if the document is signed by:
(i) 2 Directors;
(ii) a Director and a Secretary; or
(iii) a Director and another person appointed by the Directors for that purpose.
(c) The Company may execute a document as a deed if the document is expressed to be executed as a deed and is executed in accordance with Article 8.2(a) or 8.2(b).
(d) The Directors may resolve, generally or in a particular case, that any signature on certificates for securities of the Company may be affixed by mechanical or other means.
(e) Negotiable instruments may be signed, drawn, accepted, endorsed or otherwise executed by or on behalf of the Company in the manner and by the persons as the Directors resolve.

8.3 Committees and delegates

(a) The Directors may delegate any of their powers (including this power to delegate) to a committee of Directors, a Director, an employee of the Company or any other person.
(b) The Directors may revoke or vary any power delegated under Article 8.3(a).
(c) A committee or delegate must exercise the powers delegated in accordance with any directions of the Directors.
(d) The exercise of a delegated power by the committee or delegate is as effective as if the Directors exercised the power.
(e) Article 9 applies with the necessary changes to meetings of a committee of Directors.

8.4 Attorney or agent

(a) The Directors may appoint any person to be attorney or agent of the Company for any purpose, for any period and on any terms (including as to remuneration) as the Directors resolve.
(b) The Directors may delegate any of their powers (including the power to delegate) to an attorney or agent.
(c) The Directors may revoke or vary:
(i) an appointment under Article 8.4; or
(ii) any power delegated to an attorney or agent.

9. Proceedings of Directors

9.1 Written resolutions of Directors

(a) The Directors may pass a resolution without a meeting of the Directors being held if all the Directors entitled to vote on the resolution are given notice of the proposed

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written resolution and the same majority of Directors that would be required if that resolution had been proposed at a meeting of Directors assent to a document containing a statement that they are in favour of the resolution set out in the document.

(b) Separate copies of the document referred to in Article 9.1(a) may be used for assenting to by Directors if the wording of the resolution and the statement is identical in each copy.
(c) A Director may signify assent to a document under this Article 9.1 by signing the document or by notifying the Company of the assent of the Director:
(i) in a manner permitted by Article 11.3; or
(ii) by any technology including telephone.
(d) Where a Director signifies assent to a document under Article 9.1(c) other than by signing the document, the Director must by way of confirmation sign the document before or at the next meeting of Directors attended by that Director.
(e) The resolution the subject of a document under Article 9.1(a) is not invalid if a Director does not comply with Article 9.1(d).

9.2 Meetings of Directors

(a) The Directors may meet, adjourn and otherwise regulate their meetings as they think fit.
(b) A meeting of Directors may be held using any technology consented to by a majority of the Directors.
(c) The consent of a Director under Article 9.2(b):
(i) may be for all meetings of Directors or for any number of meetings; and
(ii) may only be withdrawn by that Director within a reasonable period before a meeting of Directors.
(d) If a meeting of Directors is held in 2 or more places linked together by any technology:
(i) a Director present at one of the places is taken to be present at the meeting unless and until the Director states to the chairperson of the meeting that the Director is discontinuing his or her participation in the meeting; and
(ii) the chairperson of that meeting may determine at which place the meeting will be taken to have been held.

9.3 Who can call meetings of Directors

(a) A Director may call a meeting of Directors at any time.
(b) On request of any Director, a Secretary of the Company must call a meeting of the Directors.

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9.4 How to call meetings of Directors

(a) Notice of a meeting of Directors must be given to each Director and Alternate Director.
(b) A notice of meeting of Directors must:
(i) set out the place, date and time for the meeting (and, if the meeting is to be held in 2 or more places, the technology that will be used to facilitate this); and
(ii) state the general nature of the business of the meeting.
(c) A Director or Alternate Director may waive notice of a meeting of Directors by notice in writing to the Company to that effect.

9.5 Quorum

(a) Subject to the Corporations Act, a quorum for a meeting of Directors is:
(i) if the Directors have fixed a number for the quorum, that number of Directors; and
(ii) in any other case, 2 Directors entitled to vote on a resolution that may be proposed at that meeting.
(b) In determining whether a quorum for a meeting of Directors is present:
(i) where a Director has appointed an Alternate Director, that Alternate Director is counted if the appointing Director is not present;
(ii) where a person is present as Director and an Alternate Director for another Director, that person is counted separately provided that there is at least one other Director or Alternate Director present; and
(iii) where a person is present as an Alternate Director for more than one Director, that person is counted separately for each appointment provided that there is at least one other Director or Alternate Director present.
(c) A quorum for a meeting of Directors must be present at all times during the meeting.
(d) If there are not enough persons to form a quorum for a meeting of Directors, one or more of the Directors (including those who have an interest in a matter being considered at that meeting) may call a general meeting of the Company and the general meeting may pass a resolution to deal with the matter.

9.6 Chairperson

(a) The Directors may elect a Director as chairperson of Directors or deputy chairperson of Directors for any period they resolve, or if no period is specified, until that person ceases to be a Director.
(b) The Directors may remove the chairperson of Directors or deputy chairperson of Directors at any time.

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(c) The chairperson of Directors must (if present within 15 minutes after the time appointed for the holding of the meeting and willing to act) chair each meeting of Directors.
(d) If:
(i) there is no chairperson of Directors; or
(ii) the chairperson of Directors is not present within 15 minutes after the time appointed for the holding of a meeting of Directors; or
(iii) the chairperson of Directors is present within that time but is not willing to chair all or part of that meeting,

then if the Directors have elected a deputy chairperson of Directors, the deputy chairperson of Directors must (if present within 15 minutes after the time appointed for the holding of the meeting and willing to act) chair all or part of the meeting of Directors.

(e) Subject to Articles 9.6(c) and 9.6(d), if:
(i) there is no deputy chairperson of Directors; or
(ii) the deputy chairperson of Directors is not present within 15 minutes after the time appointed for the holding of a meeting of Directors; or
(iii) the deputy chairperson of Directors is present within that time but is not willing to chair all or part of that meeting,

the Directors present must elect one of themselves to chair all or part of the meeting of Directors.

(f) A person does not cease to be a chairperson of Directors or deputy chairperson of Directors if that person retires as a Director at a meeting of Members and is re-elected as a Director at that meeting.

9.7 Resolutions of Directors

(a) A resolution of Directors is passed if more votes are cast in favour of the resolution than against it.
(b) Subject to Article 6.6 and this Article 9.7, each Director has one vote on a matter arising at a meeting of the Directors.
(c) In determining the number of votes a Director has on a matter arising at a meeting of Directors:
(i) where a person is present as Director and an Alternate Director for another Director, that person has one vote as a Director and, subject to Article 6.4(e), one vote as an Alternate Director; and
(ii) where a person is present as an Alternate Director for more than one Director, that person has, subject to Article 6.4(e), one vote for each appointment.

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(d) Subject to the Applicable Law, in case of an equality of votes on a resolution at a meeting of Directors, the chairperson of that meeting has a casting vote on that resolution in addition to any vote the chairperson has in his or her capacity as a Director in respect of that resolution.

10. Dividends and profits

10.1 Who may determine dividends

(a) Subject to any rights or restrictions attached to a class of Shares, the Company may pay Dividends as the Directors resolve but only out of profits of the Company.
(b) Subject to the Applicable Law, the Directors may determine that a Dividend is payable on Shares and fix:
(i) the amount of the Dividend;
(ii) whether the Dividend is franked, the franking percentage and the franking class;
(iii) the time for determining entitlements to the Dividend;
(iv) the time for the payment of the Dividend; and
(v) the method of payment of the Dividend.
(c) The method of payment of a Dividend may include any or all of the payment of cash, the issue of shares or other securities, the grant of options and the transfer of assets.
(d) If the method of payment of a Dividend includes an issue or transfer of shares in a body corporate, each Member:
(i) agrees to become a member of that body corporate; and
(ii) in the case of a transfer, appoints the Company and each Director as its agent to execute instrument of transfer or other document required to transfer those shares to that Member.
(e) Subject to the Applicable Law, a Dividend in respect of a Share must be paid to the person whose name is entered in the Register as the holder of that Share:
(i) where the Directors have fixed a time under Article10.1(b)(iii), at that time; or
(ii) in any other case, on the date the Dividend is paid.
(f) A Member who holds restricted securities is not entitled to any Dividends in respect of those restricted securities during:
(i) a breach of the Listing Rules relating to those restricted securities; or
(ii) a breach of a restriction agreement.

10.2 Dividends for different classes

The Directors may determine that Dividends be paid:

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(a) on Shares of one class but not another class; and
(b) at different rates for different classes of Shares.

10.3 Dividends proportional to paid up capital

(a) Subject to any rights or restrictions attached to a class of Shares, the person entitled to a Dividend on a Share is entitled to:
(i) if the Share is fully paid (whether the issue price of the Share was paid or credited or both), the entire Dividend; or
(ii) if the Share is partly paid, a proportion of that Dividend equal to the proportion which the amount paid (excluding amounts credited) on that Share is of the total amounts paid or payable (excluding amounts credited) on that Share.
(b) Amounts paid in advance of a call on a Share are ignored when calculating the proportion under Article 10.3(a)(ii).

10.4 Effect of a transfer on Dividends

If a transfer of a Share is registered after the time determined for entitlements to a Dividend on that Share but before the Dividend is paid, the person transferring that Share is, subject to the ASTC Operating Rules, entitled to that Dividend.

10.5 No interest on Dividends

The Company is not required to pay any interest on a Dividend.

10.6 Unpaid amounts

The Company may retain the whole or part of any Dividend on which the Company has a lien and apply that amount in total or part satisfaction of any amount secured by that lien.

10.7 Capitalisation of profits

(a) The Directors may capitalise any profits of the Company and distribute that capital to the Members, in the same proportions as the Members are entitled to a distribution by Dividend.
(b) The Directors may fix the time for determining entitlements to a capitalisation of profits.
(c) The Directors may decide to apply capital under Article 10.7(a) in either or both of the following ways:
(i) in paying up an amount unpaid on Shares already issued; and
(ii) in paying up in full any unissued Shares or other securities in the Company.
(d) The Members must accept an application of capital under Article 10.7(c) in full satisfaction of their interests in that capital.

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10.8 Distributions of assets

The Directors may settle any problem concerning a distribution under Article 10 in any way. This may include:

(a) rounding amounts up or down to the nearest whole number;
(b) ignoring fractions;
(c) valuing assets for distribution;
(d) paying cash to any Member on the basis of that valuation; and
(e) vesting assets in a trustee on trust for the Members entitled.

10.9 Dividend plans

(a) The Directors may establish a dividend selection plan or bonus share plan on any terms, under which participants may elect in respect of all or part of their Shares:
(i) to receive a Dividend from the Company paid in whole or in part out of a particular fund or reserve or out of profits derived from a particular source; or
(ii) to forego a Dividend from the Company and receive some other form of distribution or entitlement (including securities) from the Company or another body corporate or a trust.
(b) The Directors may establish a dividend reinvestment plan on any terms, under which participants may elect in respect of all or part of their Shares to apply the whole or any part of a Dividend from the Company in subscribing for securities of the Company or a related body corporate of the Company.
(c) Subject to the Listing Rules, the Directors may implement, amend, suspend or terminate a plan established under this Article 10.9.

11. Notices and payments

11.1 Notice to Members

(a) The Company may give Notice to a Member:
(i) in person;
(ii) by sending it by post to the address of the Member in the Register or the alternative address (if any) nominated by that Member; or
(iii) by sending it to the fax number or electronic address (if any) nominated by that Member; or
(iv) by notifying the person in accordance with section 249J(3A) of the Corporations Act.
(b) If the address of a Member in the Register is not within Australia, the Company must send all documents to that Member by air-mail, air courier, electronic means or by fax, or in any other way that ensures that it will be received quickly.

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(c) The Company must give any Notice to Members who are joint holders of a Share to the person named first in the Register in respect of that Share, and that notice is notice to all holders of that Share.
(d) The Company may give Notice to a person entitled to a Share because of a Transmission Event in any manner specified in Article 11.1(a).
(e) Notice to a person entitled to a Share because of a Transmission Event is taken to be notice to the Member of that Share.
(f) Subject to the Corporations Act, a Notice to a Member is sufficient, even if:
(i) a Transmission Event occurs in respect of that Member (whether or not a joint holder of a Share); or
(ii) that Member is an externally administered body corporate, and regardless of whether or not the Company has notice of that event.
(g) A person entitled to a Share because of a transfer, Transmission Event or otherwise, is bound by every Notice given in respect of that Share.
(h) Any Notice required or allowed to be given by the Company to one or more Members by advertisement is, unless otherwise stipulated, sufficiently advertised if advertised once in a daily newspaper circulating in the states and territories of Australia.

11.2 Notice to Directors

The Company may give Notice to a Director or Alternate Director:

(a) in person;
(b) by sending it by post to the usual residential address of that person or the alternative address (if any) nominated by that person;
(c) by sending it to the fax number or electronic address (if any) nominated by that person; or
(d) by any other means agreed between the Company and that person.

11.3 Notice to the Company

A person may give Notice to the Company:

(a) by leaving it at the registered office of the Company;
(b) by sending it by post to the registered office of the Company;
(c) by sending it to a fax number at the registered office of the Company nominated by the Company for that purpose;
(d) by sending it to the electronic address (if any) nominated by the Company for that purpose; or
(e) by any other means permitted by the Corporations Act.

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11.4 Time of service

(a) A notice sent by post to an address within Australia is taken to be given:
(i) in the case of a notice of meeting, one Business Day after it is posted; or
(ii) in any other case, at the time at which the notice would be delivered in the ordinary course of post.
(b) A notice sent by post or air-mail to an address outside Australia is taken to be given:
(i) in the case of a notice of meeting, 2 Business Days after it is posted; or
(ii) in any other case, at the time at which the notice would be delivered in the ordinary course of post.
(c) A notice sent by air courier to a place outside Australia is taken to be given two (2) Business Days after delivery to the air courier.
(d) A notice sent by fax or electronic notification is taken to be given on the Business Day it is sent, provided that the fax or electronic notification is properly addressed and transmitted and the sender's transmission report or electronic notification shows that the whole notice was sent to the correct fax number or electronic address, except if it is transmitted on a day which is not a Business Day or is after 5.00pm (local time in the place of receipt) on a day which is a Business Day, in which case it is taken to be served on the next Business Day.
(e) The giving of a notice by post, air-mail or air courier is sufficiently proved by evidence that the notice:
(i) was addressed to the correct address of the recipient; and
(ii) was placed in the post or delivered to the air courier.
(f) A certificate by a Director or Secretary of a matter referred to in Article 11.4(e) is sufficient evidence of the matter, unless it is proved to the contrary.

11.5 Signatures

The Directors may decide, generally or in a particular case, that a notice given by the Company be signed by mechanical or other means.

11.6 Payments

(a) The Company may pay a person entitled to an amount payable in respect of a Share (including a Dividend) by:
(i) crediting an account nominated in writing by that person;
(ii) cheque made payable to bearer, to the person entitled to the amount or any other person the person entitled directs in writing; or
(iii) any other manner as the Directors resolve.
(b) The Company may post a cheque referred to in Article 11.6(a)(ii) to:

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(i) the address in the Register of the Member of the Share;
(ii) if that Share is jointly held, the address in the Register of the Member named first in the Register in respect of the Share; or
(iii) any other address which that person directs in writing.
(c) Any joint holder of a Share may give effective receipt for an amount (including a Dividend) paid in respect of the Share.

12. Winding up

12.1 Distributions proportional to paid up capital

Subject to any rights or restrictions attached to a class of Shares, on a Winding up of the Company, any surplus must be divided among the Members in the proportions which the amount paid (including amounts credited) on the Shares of a Member is of the total amounts paid and payable (including amounts credited) on the Shares of all Members.

12.2 Distributions of assets

(a) Subject to any rights or restrictions attached to a class of Shares, on a winding up of the Company, the liquidator may, with the sanction of a special resolution of the Members:
(i) distribute among the Members the whole or any part of the property of the Company; and
(ii) decide how to distribute the property as between the Members or different classes of Members.
(b) The liquidator of the Company may settle any problem concerning a distribution under Article 12 in any way. This may include:
(i) rounding amounts up or down to the nearest whole number;
(ii) ignoring fractions;
(iii) valuing assets for distribution;
(iv) paying cash to any Member on the basis of that valuation; and
(v) vesting assets in a trustee on trust for the Members entitled.
(c) A Member need not accept any property, including shares or other securities, carrying a liability.

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Schedule 1

Definitions and interpretation

1. Definitions

In this Constitution:

Alternate Director means a person for the time being holding office as an alternate director of the Company under Article 6.4.

Applicable Law means the Corporations Act, the Listing Rules and the ASTC Operating Rules.

ASTC Operating Rules means the operating rules of ASTC in its capacity as a CS facility licensee, except to the extent of any relief given by ASTC in their application to the Company.

ASX means ASX Limited ACN 008 624 691.

Business Day:

(a) if the Company is admitted to the official list of ASX at the time, has the meaning given in the Listing Rules; or
(b) otherwise, means a day except a Saturday, Sunday or public holiday in Western Australia.

Convertible Preference Share means a convertible preference share of the Company issued pursuant to Article 2.1(a)(iii) in accordance with Schedule 6.

Corporations Act means the Corporations Act 2001 (Commonwealth), except to the extent of any exemption, modification, declaration or order made in respect of that legislation which applies to the Company.

Directors means the directors of the Company for the time being.

Dividend includes an interim dividend and a final dividend.

Eligible Member means, in respect of a meeting of Members:

(a) if a date and time is specified under Article 5.3(e) in the notice of that meeting, a person who is a Member at that time; or
(b) otherwise, a person who is a Member at the time appointed for the holding of that meeting.

Executive Director means a Director who is an employee (whether full-time or part-time) of the Company or of any related body corporate of the Company.

Legal Costs of a person means legal costs incurred by that person in defending an action for a Liability of that person.

Liability of a person means any liability incurred by that person as an officer of the Company or a subsidiary of the Company.

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Listing Rules means the listing rules of ASX, except to the extent of any express written waiver by ASX in their application to the Company.

Member means a person whose name is entered in the Register as the holder of a Share.

Non-Executive Directors means all Directors other than Executive Directors.

Notice means a notice given pursuant to, or for the purposes of, this Constitution or the Applicable Law.

Notifiable Interest has the meaning given by clause (a) of the definition of "notifiable interest of a director" in the Listing Rules.

Personal Representative means the legal personal representative, executor or administrator of the estate of a deceased person.

Prescribed Notice means 28 days or any shorter period of notice for a meeting of members of the Company allowed under the Corporations Act.

Redeemable Preference Share means a convertible preference share of the Company issued pursuant to Article 2.1(a)(iii) in accordance with Schedule 7.

Register means the register of Members kept under the Applicable Law and, where appropriate, includes any subregister and branch register.

Relevant Officer means a person who is, or has been, a Director or Secretary.

Secretary means a company secretary of the Company for the time being.

Share means a share in the capital of the Company.

Transmission Event means:

(a) if a Member is an individual:
(i) death or bankruptcy of that Member; or
(ii) that Member becoming of unsound mind or becoming a person whose property is liable to be dealt with under a law about mental health;
(b) if a Member is a body corporate, the deregistration of that Member under the laws of the jurisdiction of its registration; or
(c) in any case, the vesting in, or transfer to, a person of the Shares of a Member without that person becoming a Member.

2. Interpretation

(a) In this Constitution:
(i) a reference to a partly paid Share is a reference to a Share on which there is an amount unpaid;
(ii) a reference to a call or an amount called in respect of a Share includes an amount that, by the terms of issue of a Share or otherwise, is payable at one or more fixed times;

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(iii) a reference to a Share which is jointly held is a reference to a Share for which there is more than one Member;
(iv) a reference to a meeting of Members includes a meeting of any class of Members;
(v) a Member is taken to be present at a meeting of Members if the Member is present in person or by proxy, attorney or representative; and
(vi) a reference to a notice or document in writing includes a notice or document given by fax or another form of written communication.
(b) In this Constitution, headings are for convenience only and do not affect interpretation, and unless the context indicates a contrary intention:
(i) words importing the singular include the plural (and vice versa);
(ii) words indicating a gender include every other gender;
(iii) the word "person" includes an individual, the estate of an individual, a corporation, an authority, an association or a joint venture (whether incorporated or unincorporated), a partnership and a trust;
(iv) where a word or phrase is given a defined meaning, any other part of speech or grammatical form of that word or phrase has a corresponding meaning; and
(v) the word "includes" in any form is not a word of limitation.
(c) Unless the context indicates a contrary intention, in this Constitution:
(i) a reference to an Article or a Schedule is to an article or a schedule of this Constitution;
(ii) a reference in a schedule to a clause is to a clause of that schedule;
(iii) a schedule is part of this Constitution; and
(iv) a reference to this Constitution is to this Constitution (and where applicable any of its provisions) as modified or repealed from time to time.
(d) Unless the context indicates a contrary intention, in this Constitution:
(i) a reference to any statute or to any statutory provision includes any statutory modification or re-enactment of it or any statutory provision substituted for it, and all ordinances, by-laws, regulations, rules and statutory instruments (however described) issued under it; and
(ii) a reference to the Listing Rules or the ASTC Operating Rules includes any amendment or replacement of those rules from time to time.
(e) Unless the context indicates a contrary intention:
(i) an expression in a provision of this Constitution which deals with a matter dealt with by a provision of the Applicable Law has the same meaning as in that provision of the Applicable Law; and

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(ii) an expression in a provision of this Constitution that is defined in section 9 of the Corporations Act has the same meaning as in that section.
(f) In this Constitution, a reference to the Listing Rules, the ASTC Operating Rules or ASX has effect only if at that time the Company is included in the official list of ASX.
(g) If the Company is admitted to the official list of ASX, the following clauses apply:
(i) notwithstanding anything contained in this Constitution, if the Listing Rules prohibit an act being done, the act shall not be done;
(ii) nothing contained in this Constitution prevents an act being done that the Listing Rules require to be done;
(iii) if the Listing Rules require an act to be done or not to be done, authority is given for that act to be done or not to be done (as the case may be);
(iv) if the Listing Rules require this Constitution to contain a provision and it does not contain such a provision, this Constitution is deemed to contain that provision;
(v) if the Listing Rules require this Constitution not to contain a provision and it contains such a provision, this Constitution is deemed not to contain that provision; and
(vi) if any provision of this Constitution is or becomes inconsistent with the Listing Rules, this Constitution is deemed not to contain that provision to the extent of the inconsistency.

3. Exercise of powers

Where this Constitution confers a power or imposes a duty, then, unless the contrary intention appears, the power may be exercised and the duty must be performed from time to time as the occasion requires.

4. Severing invalid provisions

If at any time any provision of this Constitution is or becomes illegal, invalid or unenforceable in any respect under the law of any jurisdiction, that does not affect or impair:

(a) the legality, validity or enforceability in that jurisdiction of any other provision of this Constitution; or
(b) the legality, validity or enforceability under the law of any other jurisdiction of that or any other provision of this Constitution.

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Schedule 2

Calls, Company payments, forfeiture and liens

1. Exercise of powers

The powers of the Company under this schedule 2 may only be exercised by the Directors.

2. Calls

2.1 Making a call

(a) Subject to the Applicable Law and the terms of issue of a Share, the Company may at any time make calls on the Members of a Share for all or any part of the amount unpaid on the Share as the Directors resolve.
(b) The Company may make calls payable for one or more Members for different amounts and at different times.
(c) Subject to the Listing Rules and the terms of issue of a Share, a call may be made payable by instalments.
(d) Subject to the Listing Rules, the Company may revoke or postpone a call or extend the time for payment of a call.
(e) A call is made when the Directors resolve to make the call.

2.2 Notice of a call

(a) The Company must give Members at least 10 Business Days notice of a call.
(b) A notice of a call must be in writing and specify the amount of the call, the due date for payment, the manner in which payment of the call must be made, the consequences of non-payment of the call and any other information required by the Listing Rules.
(c) A call is not invalid if either or both a Member does not receive notice of the call or the Company accidentally does not give notice of the call to a Member.

2.3 Payment of a call

(a) A Member must pay to the Company the amount of each call made on the Member on the date and in the manner specified in the notice of the call.
(b) If an amount unpaid on a Share is payable, by the terms of issue of the Share or otherwise, in one or more fixed amounts on one or more fixed dates, the Member of that Share must pay to the Company those amounts on those dates.
(c) A Member must pay to the Company:
(i) interest at the rate specified in clause 7(a) on any amount referred to in clauses 2.3(a) or 2.3(b) which is not paid on or before the time appointed for its payment, from the time appointed for payment to the time of the actual payment; and

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(ii) expenses incurred by the Company because of the failure to pay or late payment of that amount.
(d) The Company may waive payment of all or any part of an amount payable under clause 2.3(c).
(e) The joint holders of a Share are jointly and severally liable for the payment of all calls due in respect of that Share.

2.4 Recovery of a call

(a) The Company may recover an amount due and payable under this clause 2 from a Member by:
(i) commencing legal action against the Member for all or part of the amount due;
(ii) enforcing a lien on the Share in respect of which the call was made; or
(iii) forfeiting the Share in respect of which the call was made.
(b) The debt due in respect of an amount payable under this clause 2 in respect of a Share is sufficiently proved by evidence that:
(i) the name of the Member sued is entered in the Register as one or more of the holders of that Share; and
(ii) there is a record in the minute books of the Company of:
- (A) in the case of an amount referred to in clause 2.3(b), that amount; or
- (B) in any other case, the resolution making the call.

2.5 Payment in advance of a call

(a) The Company may:
(i) accept from any Member all or any part of the amount unpaid on a Share held by the Member before that amount is called for;
(ii) pay interest at any rate the Directors resolve, on the amount paid before it is called, from the date of payment until and including the date the amount becomes actually payable; and
(iii) repay the amount paid to that Member.
(b) An amount paid pursuant to clause 2.5(a)(i) does not confer a right to participate in:
(i) a Dividend determined to be paid from the profits of the Company; or
(ii) any surplus of the Company in a winding up of the Company,

for the period before the date when the amount paid would have otherwise become payable.

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3. Company payments on behalf of a Member

3.1 Rights of the Company
(a) A Member or, if the Member is deceased, the Member's Personal Representative, must indemnify the Company against any liability which the Company has under any law to make a payment (including payment of a tax) in respect of:
- (i) a Share held by that Member (whether solely or jointly);
- (ii) a transfer or transmission of Shares by that Member;
- (iii) a Dividend or other money which is, or may become, due or payable to that Member; or
- (iv) that Member.
(b) A Member or, if the Member is deceased, the Member's Personal Representative, must pay to the Company immediately on demand:
- (i) the amount required to reimburse the Company for a payment referred to in clause 3.1(a); and
- (ii) pay to the Company interest at the rate specified in clause 7(a) on any amount referred to in clause 3.1(a) paid by the Company, from the date of payment by the Company until and including the date the Company is reimbursed in full for that payment.
(c) Subject to the Applicable Law, the Company may refuse to register a transfer of any Shares by a Member referred to in clause 3.1(a), or that Member's Personal Representative, until all money payable to the Company under this clause 3.1 has been paid.
(d) The powers and rights of the Company under this clause 3.1 are in addition to any right or remedy that the Company may have under the law which requires the Company to make a payment referred to in clause 3.1(a).

3.2 Recovery of Company payments

(a) Subject to the Listing Rules, the Company may recover an amount due and payable under clause 3.1 from the Member or the Member's Personal Representative by any or all of:
(i) deducting all or part of that amount from any other amount payable by the Company to that person in respect of the Shares of that person;
(ii) commencing legal action against that person for all or part of that amount; or
(iii) enforcing a lien on one or more of the Shares of that person.
(b) The Company may waive any or all its rights under clause 3.

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4. Forfeiture

4.1 Forfeiture procedure

Subject to the Applicable Law, the Company may forfeit a Share of a Member by a resolution of the Directors if:

(a) that Member does not pay a call or instalment on that Share on or before the date for its payment;
(b) the Company gives that Member notice in writing:
(i) requiring the Member to pay that call or instalment, any interest on it and all expenses incurred by the Company by reason of the non-payment; and
(ii) stating that the Share is liable to be forfeited if that Member does not pay to the Company, at the place specified in the notice, the amount specified in the notice, within 10 Business Days (or any longer period specified) after the date of the notice; and
(c) that Member does not pay that amount in accordance with that notice.

4.2 Notice of forfeiture

(a) When any Share has been forfeited, the Company must:
(i) give notice in writing of the forfeiture to the Member registered as its holder before the forfeiture; and
(ii) record the forfeiture with the date of forfeiture in the Register.
(b) Failure by the Company to comply with any requirement in clause 4.2(a) does not invalidate the forfeiture.

4.3 Effect of forfeiture

(a) The forfeiture of a Share extinguishes:
(i) all interests in that Share of the former Member; and
(ii) all claims against the Company in respect of that Share by the former Member, including all Dividends determined to be paid in respect of that Share and not actually paid.
(b) A former Member of a forfeited Share must pay to the Company:
(i) all calls, instalments, interest and expenses in respect of that Share at the time of forfeiture; and
(ii) interest at the rate specified in clause 7(a) on those amounts from the time of forfeiture until and including the date of payment of those amounts.

4.4 Sale or reissue of forfeited Shares

Subject to the Applicable Law, the Company may sell, otherwise dispose of or reissue, a Share which has been forfeited on any terms and in any manner as the Directors resolve.

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4.5 Cancellation of forfeited Shares

The Company may by ordinary resolution passed at a general meeting cancel a Share which has been forfeited under the terms on which the Share is on issue.

4.6 Proof of forfeiture

A certificate in writing from the Company signed by a Director or Secretary that a Share was forfeited on a specified date is sufficient evidence of:

(a) the forfeiture of that Share; and
(b) the right and title of the Company to sell, dispose or reissue that Share.

4.7 Waiver or cancellation of forfeiture

Subject to the Applicable Law, the Company may:

(a) waive any or all of its rights under clause 4; and
(b) at any time before a sale, disposition, reissue or cancellation of a forfeited Share, cancel the forfeiture on any terms as the Directors resolve.

5. Liens

5.1 First ranking lien

The Company has a first ranking lien on:

(a) each Share registered in the name of a Member;
(b) the proceeds of sale of those Shares; and
(c) all Dividends determined to be payable in respect of those Shares,

for:

(d) each unpaid call or instalment which is due but unpaid on those Shares;
(e) if those Shares were acquired under an employee incentive scheme, all amounts payable to the Company by the Member under loans made to enable those Shares to be acquired;
(f) all amounts which the Company is required by law to pay, and has paid, in respect of those Shares (including any payment under clause 3) or the forfeiture or sale of those Shares; and
(g) subject to the Listing Rules, all interest and expenses due and payable to the Company under this schedule 2.

5.2 Enforcement by sale

Subject to the Applicable Law, the Company may sell a Share of a Member to enforce a lien on that Share if:

(a) an amount secured by that lien is due and payable;

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(b) the Company gives that Member or the Member's Personal Representative notice in writing:
(i) requiring payment to the Company of that amount, any interest on it and all expenses incurred by the Company by reason of the non-payment; and
(ii) stating that the Share is liable to be sold if that person does not pay to the Company, in the manner specified in the notice, the amount specified in the notice within 10 Business Days (or any longer period specified) after the date of the notice; and
(c) that Member or the Member's Personal Representative does not pay that amount in accordance with that notice.

5.3 Release or Waiver of lien

(a) Registration of a transfer of a Share by the Company releases any lien of the Company on that Share in respect of any amount owing on that Share, unless the Company gives notice in writing, to the person to whom that Share is transferred, of the amount owing.
(b) The Company may waive any or all of its rights under clause 5.

6. Sales, disposals and reissues

6.1 Sale procedure

(a) The Company may:
(i) receive the purchase money or consideration for Shares sold or disposed of under this Schedule 2;
(ii) appoint a person to sign a transfer of Shares sold or disposed of under this Schedule 2;
(iii) do all things necessary or desirable under the Applicable Law to effect a transfer of Shares sold or disposed of under this Schedule 2; and
(iv) enter in the Register the name of the person to whom Shares are sold or disposed.
(b) The person to whom a Share is sold or disposed under this Schedule 2 need not enquire whether the Company:
(i) properly exercised its powers under this Schedule 2 in respect of that Share; or
(ii) properly applied the proceeds of sale or disposal of those Shares,
and the title of that person is not affected by those matters.
(c) The remedy (if any) of any person aggrieved by a sale or other disposal of Shares under this Schedule 2 is in damages only and against the Company exclusively.

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(d) A certificate in writing from the Company signed by a Director or Secretary that a Share was sold, disposed of or reissued in accordance with this Schedule 2 is sufficient evidence of those matters.

6.2 Application of proceeds

The Company must apply the proceeds of any sale, other disposal or reissue of any Shares under this Schedule 2 in the following order:

(a) the expenses of the sale, other disposal or reissue;
(b) the amounts due and unpaid in respect of those Shares; and
(c) the balance (if any) to the former Member or the former Member's Personal Representative, on the Company receiving the certificate (if any) of those Shares or other evidence satisfactory to the Company regarding the ownership of those Shares.

7. Interest

(a) A person must pay interest under this Schedule 2 to the Company:
(i) at a rate the Directors resolve; or
(ii) if the Directors do not resolve, at 10% per annum.
(b) Interest payable to the Company under this Schedule 2 accrues daily.
(c) The Company may capitalise interest payable under this Schedule 2 at any interval the Directors resolve.

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Schedule 3

Transmission

1. Deceased Members

1.1 Effect of Death

(a) If a Member in respect of a Share which is not jointly held dies, the Company must recognise only the Personal Representative of that Member as having any title to or interest in, or any benefits accruing in respect of, that Share.
(b) If a Member in respect of a Share which is jointly held dies, the Company must recognise only the surviving Members of that Share as having any title to or interest in, or any benefits accruing in respect of, that Share.

1.2 Estates and Personal Representatives

(a) The estate of a deceased Member is not released from any liability in respect of the Shares registered in the name of that Member.
(b) Where 2 or more persons are jointly entitled to any Share as a consequence of the death of the registered holder of that Share, they are taken to be joint holders of that Share.

2. Transmission events

2.1 Transmitee right to register or transfer
(a) Subject to the Bankruptcy Act 1966 and the Applicable Law, if a person entitled to a Share because of a Transmission Event gives the Directors the information they reasonably require to establish the person's entitlement to be registered as the holder of the Share, that person may:
- (i) elect to be registered as a Member in respect of that Share by giving a signed notice in writing to the Company; or
- (ii) transfer that Share to another person.
(b) On receiving a notice under clause 2.1(a)(i), the Company must register the person as the holder of that Share.
(c) Subject to the Applicable Law, a transfer under clause 2.1(a)(ii) is subject to all provisions of this Constitution relating to transfers of Shares.

2.2 Other transmitee rights and obligations

(a) A person registered as a Member as a consequence of clause 2.1 must indemnify the Company to the extent of any loss or damage suffered by the Company as a result of that registration.

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(b) A person who has given to the Directors the information referred to in clause 2.1 in respect of a Share is entitled to the same rights to which that person would be entitled if registered as the holder of that Share.

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Schedule 4

Unmarketable Parcels

1. Definitions

In this schedule:

Sale Share means a Share which is sold or disposed of in accordance with this schedule.

2. Power to sell unmarketable parcels

2.1 Existing unmarketable parcels

(a) Subject to the Applicable Law, the Company may sell the Shares of a Member if:
(i) the total number of Shares of a particular class held by that Member is less than a marketable parcel;
(ii) the Company gives that Member notice in writing stating that the Shares are liable to be sold or disposed of by the Company; and
(iii) that Member does not give notice in writing to the Company, by the date specified in the notice of the Company (being not less than 42 days after the date of the Company giving that notice), stating that all or some of those Shares are not to be sold or disposed of.
(b) The Company may only exercise the powers under clause 2.1(a), in respect of one or more Members, once in any 12 month period.
(c) The power of the Company under clause 2.1(a) lapses following the announcement of a takeover bid. However, the procedure may be started again after the close of the offers made under the takeover bid.

2.2 New unmarketable parcels

(a) Subject to the Applicable Law, the Company may sell the Shares of a Member if:
(i) the Shares of a particular class held by that Member are in a new holding created by a transfer on or after 1 September 1999; and
(ii) that transfer is of a number of Shares of that class that was less than a marketable parcel at the time the transfer document was initiated, or in the case of a paper based transfer document, was lodged with the Company.
(b) The Company may give a Member referred to in clause 2.2(a) notice in writing stating that the Company intends to sell or dispose of the Shares.

3. Exercise of power of sale

3.1 Extinguishment of interests and claims

The exercise by the Company of its powers under clause 2 extinguishes, subject to this Schedule 4:

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(a) all interests in the Sale Shares of the former Member; and
(b) all claims against the Company in respect of the Sale Shares by that Member, including all Dividends determined to be paid in respect of those Share and not actually paid.

3.2 Manner of sale

(a) Subject to the Applicable Law, the Company may sell or dispose of any Shares under clause 2 at any time:
(i) using a financial services licensee on the basis that person obtains the highest possible price for the sale of the Shares; or
(ii) in any other manner and on any terms as the Directors resolve.
(b) The Company may:
(i) exercise any powers permitted under the Applicable Law to enable the sale or disposal of Shares under this schedule;
(ii) receive the purchase money or consideration for Sale Shares;
(iii) appoint a person to sign a transfer of Sale Shares; and
(iv) enter in the Register the name of the person to whom Sale Shares are sold or disposed.
(c) The person to whom a Sale Share is sold or disposed need not enquire whether the Company:
(i) properly exercised its powers under this Schedule in respect of that Share; or
(ii) properly applied the proceeds of sale or disposal of those Shares, and the title of that person is not affected by those matters.
(d) The remedy of any person aggrieved by a sale or disposal of Sale Shares is in damages only and against the Company exclusively.
(e) A certificate in writing from the Company signed by a Director or Secretary that a Share was sold or disposed of in accordance with this Schedule 4 is sufficient evidence of those matters.

3.3 Application of proceeds

(a) If the Company exercises the powers under clause 2.1, either the Company or the person to whom a Sale Share is sold or disposed of must pay the expenses of the sale or disposal.
(b) The Company must apply the proceeds of any sale or disposal of any Sale Shares in the following order:
(i) in the case of an exercise of the powers under clause 2.2, the expenses of the sale or disposal;
(ii) the amounts due and unpaid in respect of those Shares; and

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(iii) the balance (if any) to the former Member or the former Member's Personal Representative, on the Company receiving the certificate (if any) for those Shares or other evidence satisfactory to the Company regarding the ownership of those Shares.

3.4 Voting and dividend rights pending sale

(a) If the Company is entitled to exercise the powers under clause 2.2, the Company may by resolution of the Directors remove or change either or both:
(i) the right to vote; and
(ii) the right to receive Dividends,

of the relevant Member in respect of some or all of the Shares liable to be sold or disposed of.

(b) After the sale of the relevant Sale Shares, the Company must pay to the person entitled any Dividends that have been withheld under clause 3.4(a).

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Schedule 5

Proportional Takeover Bid Approval

1. Definitions

In this Schedule:

Approving Resolution means a resolution to approve a proportional takeover bid in accordance with this schedule.

Deadline means the 14th day before the last day of the bid period for a proportional takeover bid.

Voter means a person (other than the bidder under a proportional takeover bid or an associate of that bidder) who, as at the end of the day on which the first offer under that bid was made, held bid class securities for that bid.

2. Refusal of transfers

2.1 Requirement for an Approving Resolution

(a) The Company must refuse to register a transfer of Shares giving effect to a takeover contract for a proportional takeover bid unless and until an Approving Resolution is passed in accordance with this Schedule 5.
(b) This schedule 5 ceases to apply on the third anniversary of its last adoption, or last renewal, in accordance with the Corporations Act.

2.2 Voting on an Approving Resolution

(a) Where offers are made under a proportional takeover bid, the Directors must, subject to the Corporations Act, call and arrange to hold a meeting of Voters for the purpose of voting on an Approving Resolution before the Deadline.
(b) The provisions of this Constitution concerning meetings of Members (with the necessary changes) apply to a meeting held under clause 2.2(a).
(c) Subject to this Constitution, every Voter present at the meeting held under clause 2.2(a) is entitled to one vote for each Share in the bid class securities that the Voter holds.
(d) To be effective, an Approving Resolution must be passed before the Deadline.
(e) An Approving Resolution that has been voted on is taken to have been passed if the proportion that the number of votes in favour of the resolution bears to the total number of votes on the resolution is greater than 50%, and otherwise is taken to have been rejected.
(f) If no Approving Resolution has been voted on as at the end of the day before the Deadline, an Approving Resolution is taken, for the purposes of this schedule, to have been passed in accordance with this schedule.

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Schedule 6

Convertible Preference Shares

The rights attaching to the Convertible Preference Shares are as follows:

1. Issue Price

Each Convertible Preference Share shall be issued at an issue price to be determined by the Directors in their absolute discretion at the time of issue.

2. Repayment of Capital

On a distribution of assets of the Company among its members on a winding up or other return of capital (other than a redemption or purchase by the Company of its own shares), the holders of the Convertible Preference Shares shall be entitled, in priority to any holder of any other class of shares to receive an amount equal to the aggregate of the issue price paid or credited as paid in respect of each Convertible Preference Share. Thereafter, ordinary shareholders and Convertible Preference Shareholders will participate equally in any surplus, pro-rata according to their shareholding.

3. Dividends

Convertible Preference Shareholders shall be entitled to the payment of a dividend equal to one hundred thousandth of the dividend declared and payable in respect of an ordinary share and such dividend shall rank in priority over ordinary shares for payment. Dividends on Convertible Preference Shares will not be cumulative.

4. Rights Issues

A Convertible Preference shareholder shall be entitled to participate in all rights issues of shares (except bonus issues by way of a return of capital or issues in payment of dividends) in the same manner and on the same basis as the holder of ordinary shares as if the Convertible Preference Shares held by it were ordinary shares.

5. No further rights to dividends or capital

Save as provided in clauses 2, 3 and 4, the holders of the Convertible Preference Shares shall not be entitled to any participation in the profits or assets of the Company.

6. Voting

At any meeting of the members of the Company a Convertible Preference Shareholder in respect of each Convertible Preference Share held has the same voting rights as a fully paid ordinary share of the Company in the circumstances set out in Listing Rule 6.3 and in no other circumstances.

7. Conversion

(a) Subject to any terms and conditions to conversion, including the ratio of conversion into fully paid ordinary shares, attaching to the Convertible Preference Shares (such terms and conditions being determined by the Directors in their absolute discretion at

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the time of issue) having been satisfied, at any time a Convertible Preference Share may, at the election of the holder of the Convertible Preference Share, be converted into such number of fully paid ordinary shares in the capital of the Company as is determined by the Directors at the time of issue.

(b) The conversion of a Convertible Preference Share will take place immediately upon written notice of the conversion being received by the Company by the holder at its registered or principal office.
(c) Conversion of Convertible Preference Shares may only be made for a minimum of, and in multiples of no less than, 100 Convertible Preference Shares.
(d) A conversion of a Convertible Preference Share will not constitute a cancellation, redemption or termination of a Convertible Preference Share but will be by way of variation to the status of, and rights attaching to, the Convertible Preference Share so that it becomes an ordinary share.
(e) Allotments of fully paid ordinary shares arising from conversion shall be effected not later than 10 days from receipt by the Company of the conversion notice and a new certificate will be issued by the Company for any unconverted Convertible Preference Shares comprised in the certificate(s) converted.
(f) The Company shall use reasonable endeavours to procure that the fully paid ordinary shares arising on conversion are admitted to the official list of the relevant prescribed stock exchange on which the balance of the fully paid ordinary shares are listed.
(g) The ordinary shares arising from conversion shall rank equally with the then ordinary shares of the Company.

8. No Transfer

A Convertible Preference Share is not transferable.

9. Reconstruction of capital

If the Company's ordinary share capital is reconstructed, consolidated or divided into a greater or lesser number of securities, the Convertible Preference Shares will automatically be reconstructed, consolidated or divided (as the case may be) on the same basis.

10. General

Subject to section 254B of the Corporations Act, in all other respects a Convertible Preference Shareholder shall have the same rights as an ordinary shareholder.

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Schedule 7

Redeemable Preference Shares

The rights attaching to the Redeemable Preference Shares are as follows:

1. Issue Price

Each Redeemable Preference Share shall be issued at an issue price to be determined by the Directors in their absolute discretion at the time of issue.

2. Repayment of Capital

On a distribution of assets of the Company among its members on a winding up or other return of capital (other than a redemption or purchase by the Company of its own shares), the holders of the Redeemable Preference Shares shall be entitled, in priority to any holder of any other class of shares to receive an amount equal to the aggregate of the issue price paid or credited as paid in respect of each Redeemable Preference Share. Thereafter, ordinary shareholders and Redeemable Preference Shareholders will participate equally in any surplus, pro-rata according to their shareholding.

3. Dividends

Redeemable Preference Shareholders shall be entitled to the payment of a dividend equal to one hundred thousandth of the dividend declared and payable in respect of an ordinary share and such dividend shall rank in priority over ordinary shares for payment. Dividends on Redeemable Preference Shares will not be cumulative.

4. Rights Issues

A Convertible Preference shareholder shall be entitled to participate in all rights issues of shares (except bonus issues by way of a return of capital or issues in payment of dividends) in the same manner and on the same basis as the holder of ordinary shares as if the Redeemable Preference Shares held by it were ordinary shares.

5. No further rights to dividends or capital

Save as provided in clauses 2, 3 and 4, the holders of the Redeemable Preference Shares shall not be entitled to any participation in the profits or assets of the Company.

6. Voting

At any meeting of the members of the Company a Redeemable Preference Shareholder in respect of each Redeemable Preference Share held has the same voting rights as a fully paid ordinary share of the Company in the circumstances set out in Listing Rule 6.3 and in no other circumstances.

7. Redemption

Subject to any terms and conditions to redemption (such terms and conditions being determined by the Directors in their absolute discretion at the time of issue provided that they are

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redeemable (i): either at a fixed time or on the happening of a particular event and (ii) either at the Company's option or at the holder's option) attaching to the Redeemable Preference Shares having been satisfied such a Redeemable Preference Share may be redeemed by the Company. Redemption of a Redeemable Preference Share will constitute a cancellation of a Redeemable Preference Share. Notwithstanding any other provision, the Company may only redeem such Redeemable Preference Shares if (i) the shares are fully paid up and (ii) out of the profits or proceeds of a new issue of shares for the purpose of the redemption.

8. No Transfer

A Redeemable Preference Share is not transferable.

9. Reconstruction of capital

If the Company's ordinary share capital is reconstructed, consolidated or divided into a greater or lesser number of securities, the Redeemable Preference Shares will automatically be reconstructed, consolidated or divided (as the case may be) on the same basis.

10. General

Subject to section 254B of the Corporations Act, in all other respects a Redeemable Preference Shareholder shall have the same rights as an ordinary shareholder.

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AI assistant

ORBMINCO LIMITED — Governance Information 2012

65473_rns_2012-07-26_f8e34e2d-e24b-4e1b-ab4e-8d48127718b7.pdf

New Constitution

ENDS

Constitution

of

Contents

Constitution of Australian-American Mining Corporation Limited (ACN 073 155 781)

Date: Approved by Shareholders on 25 November 2011

1. Preliminary

1.3 Replaceable rules

2. Shares

2.1 Issue of Shares and options

2.2 Variation of classes and class rights

2.3

Converting shares

2.4 Reductions of capital and buy-backs

2.5 Unmarketable parcels of Shares

2.6

Registered holder is absolute owner

2.7

Holding statements and certificates

2.8

Voluntary escrow

3. Calls, company payments, forfeiture and liens

4. Transfer of shares

4.1 Electronic Transfer Systems

4.2 Forms of transfer

4.3 Instrument of transfer

4.4

Transferor is holder until transfer registered

4.5 Refusal to register transfers

4.6 No registration fee

4.7 Transmission of Shares

5. Proceedings of Members

5.1 Who can call meetings of Members

5.2 Annual General Meeting

5.3 How to call meetings of Members

5.4 Right to attend meetings

5.5 Meeting at more than one place

5.6 Quorum

5.7 Chairperson

5.8 General conduct of meetings

5.9 Resolutions of Members

5.10

Polls

5.11 Adjourned, cancelled and postponed meetings

5.12 Number of votes

5.13 Objections to qualification to vote

5.14 Proxies, attorneys and representatives

6. Directors

6.1 Number of Directors

6.2 Appointment of Directors

6.3 Retirement of Directors and Vacation of office

6.4 Alternate Directors

6.5 Remuneration of Directors

6.6 Interests of Directors

7. Officers

7.1 Managing Director

7.2 Secretary

7.3 Indemnity and insurance

8. Powers of the Company and Directors

8.1 General powers

8.2 Execution of documents

8.3 Committees and delegates

8.4

Attorney or agent

9. Proceedings of Directors

9.1 Written resolutions of Directors

9.2 Meetings of Directors

9.3 Who can call meetings of Directors

9.4 How to call meetings of Directors

9.5

Quorum

9.6 Chairperson

9.7 Resolutions of Directors

10. Dividends and profits

10.1 Who may determine dividends

10.2 Dividends for different classes

ORBMINCO LIMITED Governance Information 2012