MVB FINANCIAL CORP — Interim / Quarterly Report 2018

Oct 29, 2018

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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2018
or
¨ TRANSITION REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from __________ to __________.
Commission File Number: 000-50567
●
MVB Financial Corp.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
West Virginia	20-0034461
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
301 Virginia Avenue, Fairmont, WV	26554
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)
(304) 363-4800
Registrant's telephone number, including area code
Not Applicable
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer ☐	Accelerated filer ☒	Non-accelerated filer ☐	Smaller reporting company ☐	Emerging growth company ☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date:

As of October 28, 2018 , the Registrant had 11,540,770 shares of common stock outstanding with a par value of $1.00 per share.

Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS
		Page
PART I	FINANCIAL INFORMATION	3
Item 1	Financial Statements	3
	Consolidated Balance Sheets	3
	Consolidated Statements of Income	4
	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income	5
	Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity	6
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	7
	Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements	8
Item 2	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	41
Item 3	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	59
Item 4	Controls and Procedures	59
PART II	OTHER INFORMATION	60
Item 1	Legal Proceedings	60
Item 1A	Risk Factors	60
Item 2	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	60
Item 3	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	60
Item 4	Mine Safety Disclosures	60
Item 5	Other Information	60
Item 6	Exhibits	61
	SIGNATURES	61

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PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1 – Financial Statements

MVB Financial Corp. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Unaudited) (Dollars in thousands except per share data)

	September 30, 2018 — (Unaudited)		December 31, 2017 — (Note 1)
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents:
Cash and due from banks	$ 18,641		$ 16,345
Interest bearing balances with banks	3,404		3,960
Total cash and cash equivalents	22,045		20,305
Certificates of deposit with other banks	14,778		14,778
Investment Securities:
Securities available-for-sale, at fair value	216,714		231,507
Equity securities	9,592		—
Loans held for sale	63,706		66,794
Loans:	1,296,460		1,105,941
Less: Allowance for loan losses	(11,439	)	(9,878	)
Net Loans	1,285,021		1,096,063
Premises and equipment	26,706		26,686
Bank owned life insurance	32,918		32,666
Accrued interest receivable and other assets	33,144		27,023
Goodwill	18,480		18,480
TOTAL ASSETS	$ 1,723,104		$ 1,534,302
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Deposits:
Noninterest bearing	$ 240,847		$ 125,963
Interest bearing	1,138,339		1,033,617
Total deposits	1,379,186		1,159,580
Accrued interest payable and other liabilities	16,763		16,434
Repurchase agreements	15,755		22,403
FHLB and other borrowings	122,000		152,169
Subordinated debt	18,524		33,524
Total liabilities	1,552,228		1,384,110
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Preferred stock, par value $1,000; 20,000 authorized; 783 issued in 2018 and 2017, respectively (See Footnote 7)	7,834		7,834
Common stock, par value $1; 20,000,000 shares authorized; 11,588,070 shares issued and 11,536,993 shares outstanding in 2018 and 10,495,704 shares issued and 10,444,627 shares outstanding in 2017	11,588		10,496
Additional paid-in capital	115,497		98,698
Retained earnings	45,745		37,236
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(8,704	)	(2,988	)
Treasury stock, 51,077 shares, at cost	(1,084	)	(1,084	)
Total stockholders’ equity	170,876		150,192
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY	$ 1,723,104		$ 1,534,302

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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MVB Financial Corp. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Income

(Unaudited) (Dollars in thousands except per share data)

	Nine Months Ended September 30, — 2018	2017		Three Months Ended September 30, — 2018		2017
INTEREST INCOME
Interest and fees on loans	$ 44,777	$ 37,695		$ 16,364		$ 13,275
Interest on deposits with other banks	284	250		103		89
Interest on investment securities - taxable	2,655	1,884		869		693
Interest on tax exempt loans and securities	2,458	1,683		840		573
Total interest income	50,174	41,512		18,176		14,630
INTEREST EXPENSE
Interest on deposits	7,938	5,952		3,110		2,083
Interest on repurchase agreements	49	56		10		20
Interest on FHLB and other borrowings	3,110	1,216		1,199		548
Interest on subordinated debt	1,433	1,674		333		565
Total interest expense	12,530	8,898		4,652		3,216
NET INTEREST INCOME	37,644	32,614		13,524		11,414
Provision for loan losses	2,148	1,137		1,069		96
Net interest income after provision for loan losses	35,496	31,477		12,455		11,318
NONINTEREST INCOME
Service charges on deposit accounts	741	559		275		207
Income on bank owned life insurance	958	453		520		151
Interchange and debit card transaction fees	459	906		167		293
Mortgage fee income	24,634	28,604		9,008		10,018
Gain on sale of portfolio loans	217	477		5		265
Insurance and investment services income	540	395		199		147
Gain on sale of available-for-sale securities, net	327	455		1		105
Gain (loss) on derivatives, net	509	(2,216	)	(728	)	(1,306	)
Commercial swap fee income	419	322		6		52
Holding gain on equity securities	583	—		623		—
Other operating income	958	594		435		226
Total noninterest income	30,345	30,549		10,511		10,158
NONINTEREST EXPENSES
Salary and employee benefits	34,487	33,009		11,520		11,249
Occupancy expense	3,178	3,083		1,049		1,042
Equipment depreciation and maintenance	2,439	2,214		834		783
Data processing and communications	2,735	3,833		938		1,139
Mortgage processing	2,751	2,455		867		818
Marketing, contributions, and sponsorships	966	867		271		263
Professional fees	2,548	2,264		1,015		851
Printing, postage, and supplies	597	783		198		320
Insurance, tax, and assessment expense	1,333	1,403		487		475
Travel, entertainment, dues, and subscriptions	1,991	1,621		712		562
Other operating expenses	1,380	1,254		526		464
Total noninterest expense	54,405	52,786		18,417		17,966
Income before income taxes	11,436	9,240		4,549		3,510
Income tax expense	2,432	3,088		970		1,192
Net income	$ 9,004	$ 6,152		$ 3,579		$ 2,318
Preferred dividends	366	374		123		123
Net income available to common shareholders	$ 8,638	$ 5,778		$ 3,456		$ 2,195
Earnings per share - basic	$ 0.80	$ 0.56		$ 0.30		$ 0.21
Earnings per share - diluted	$ 0.77	$ 0.56		$ 0.29		$ 0.21
Cash dividends declared	$ 0.080	$ 0.075		$ 0.030		$ 0.025
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic	10,845,166	10,262,944		11,416,202		10,443,443
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted	11,690,314	10,288,534		13,113,259		12,410,070

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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MVB Financial Corp. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(Unaudited) (Dollars in thousands)

	Nine Months Ended September 30, — 2018		2017		Three Months Ended September 30, — 2018		2017
Net Income	$ 9,004		$ 6,152		$ 3,579		$ 2,318
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Unrealized holding gains (losses) on securities available-for-sale	(7,455	)	3,158		(2,119	)	160
Income tax effect	2,012		(1,263	)	571		(64	)
Reclassification adjustment for gain recognized in income	(327	)	(455	)	(1	)	(105	)
Income tax effect	88		182		—		42
Change in defined benefit pension plan	972		(336	)	200		—
Income tax effect	(262	)	134		(54	)	—
Total other comprehensive income (loss)	(4,972	)	1,420		(1,403	)	33
Comprehensive income	$ 4,032		$ 7,572		$ 2,176		$ 2,351

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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MVB Financial Corp. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity

(Unaudited) (Dollars in thousands except per share data)

Balance December 31, 2016	Preferred Stock — $ 16,334		Common Stock — $ 10,048	Additional Paid-in Capital — $ 93,412		Retained Earnings — $ 31,192		Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) — $ (4,277	)	Treasury Stock — $ (1,084	)	Total Stockholders' Equity — $ 145,625
Net Income	—		—	—		6,152		—		—		6,152
Other comprehensive income	—		—	—		—		1,420		—		1,420
Cash dividends paid ($0.075 per share )	—		—	—		(773	)	—		—		(773	)
Dividends on preferred stock	—		—	—		(374	)	—		—		(374	)
Common stock issuance, net of issuance costs	—		444	4,487		—		—		—		4,931
Stock based compensation	—		—	506		—		—		—		506
Common stock options exercised	—		4	(14	)	—		—		—		(10	)
Redemption of preferred stock	(8,500	)	—	—		—		—		—		(8,500	)
Balance September 30, 2017	$ 7,834		$ 10,496	$ 98,391		$ 36,197		$ (2,857	)	$ (1,084	)	$ 148,977
Balance December 31, 2017	7,834		10,496	98,698		37,236		(2,988	)	(1,084	)	150,192
Net Income	$ —		$ —	$ —		$ 9,004		$ —		$ —		$ 9,004
Other comprehensive loss	—		—	—		—		(4,972	)	—		(4,972	)
Cash dividends paid ($0.08 per share)	—		—	—		(873	)	—		—		(873	)
Dividends on preferred stock	—		—	—		(366	)	—		—		(366	)
Stock based compensation	—		—	920		—		—		—		920
Common stock options exercised	—		153	1,853		—		—		—		2,006
Restricted stock units vested	—		1	(1	)	—		—		—		—
Stranded AOCI (See Footnote 2)	—		—	—		646		(646	)	—		—
Mark to Market on equity positions held at December 31, 2017 (See Footnote 2)	—		—	—		98		(98	)	—		—
Common stock issued from subordinated debt conversion, net of costs	—		938	14,027		—		—		—		14,965
Balance September 30, 2018	$ 7,834		$ 11,588	$ 115,497		$ 45,745		$ (8,704	)	$ (1,084	)	$ 170,876

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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MVB Financial Corp. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited) (Dollars in thousands)

	Nine Months Ended September 30, — 2018		2017
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net Income	$ 9,004		$ 6,152
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Net amortization and accretion of investments	994		801
Net amortization of deferred loan costs	105		95
Provision for loan losses	2,148		1,137
Depreciation and amortization	2,210		1,980
Stock based compensation	920		506
Loans originated for sale	(933,134	)	(1,050,759	)
Proceeds of loans sold	960,856		1,100,480
Mortgage fee income	(24,634	)	(28,604	)
Gain on sale of securities	(352	)	(827	)
Loss on sale of securities	25		372
Gain on sale of portfolio loans	(217	)	(477	)
Income on bank owned life insurance	(958	)	(453	)
Deferred taxes	263		(470	)
Other, net	(4,056	)	(5,385	)
Net cash provided by operating activities	13,174		24,548
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Purchases of investment securities available-for-sale	(19,742	)	(86,692	)
Maturities/paydowns of investment securities available-for-sale	16,283		11,961
Sales of investment securities available-for-sale	2,794		52,108
Purchases of premises and equipment	(2,164	)	(4,008	)
Net increase in loans	(190,994	)	(42,062	)
Purchases of restricted bank stock	(17,750	)	(15,450	)
Redemptions of restricted bank stock	17,550		16,005
Proceeds from sale of certificates of deposit with banks	—		1,978
Purchases of certificates of deposit with banks	—		(2,229	)
Proceeds from sale of other real estate owned	362		—
Purchase (redemption) of bank owned life insurance	706		(50	)
Purchase of equity securities	(2,000	)	—
Net cash used in investing activities	(194,955	)	(68,439	)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Net increase in deposits	219,606		58,182
Net decrease in repurchase agreements	(6,648	)	(115	)
Net change in short-term FHLB borrowings	(67,909	)	(32,605	)
Principal payments on FHLB borrowings	(12,260	)	(595	)
Proceeds from new FHLB borrowings	50,000		26,682
Subordinated debt conversion costs	(35	)	—
Proceeds from stock offering	—		4,931
Preferred stock redemption	—		(8,500	)
Common stock options exercised	2,006		(10	)
Cash dividends paid on common stock	(873	)	(773	)
Cash dividends paid on preferred stock	(366	)	(374	)
Net cash provided by financing activities	183,521		46,823
Increase in cash and cash equivalents	1,740		2,932
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	20,305		17,340
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$ 22,045		$ 20,272
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Loans transferred to other real estate owned	$ 720		$ 1,017
Cashless stock options exercised	$ 153		$ 4
Restricted stock units vested	$ 1		$ —
Common stock converted from subordinated debt	$ 15		$ —
Cash payments for:
Interest on deposits, repurchase agreements and borrowings	$ 13,607		$ 9,100
Income taxes	$ 107		$ 6,025

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

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Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Nature of Operations

MVB Financial Corp. (“the Company”) is a financial holding company and was organized in 2003. MVB operates principally through its wholly-owned subsidiary, MVB Bank, Inc. (“MVB Bank”). MVB Bank’s operating subsidiaries include MVB Mortgage, MVB Insurance, LLC (“MVB Insurance”), and MVB Community Development Corporation (“CDC”).

Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with instructions to Form 10‑Q. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes required by GAAP for annual year-end financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included and are of a normal, recurring nature. The consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2017 has been derived from audited financial statements included in the Company’s 2017 filing on Form 10-K. Operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2018 .

The accounting and reporting policies of the Company conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and practices in the banking industry. The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Estimates, such as the allowance for loan losses, are based upon known facts and circumstances. Estimates are revised by management in the period such facts and circumstances change. Actual results could differ from those estimates. All significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States have been omitted. These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the company’s December 31, 2017 , Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).

In certain instances, amounts reported in prior periods’ consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation.

Information is presented in these notes with dollars expressed in thousands, unless otherwise noted or specified.

Note 2 – Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2018-02, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income . This update requires a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income ("AOCI") to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the newly enacted federal corporate income tax rate in the Tax Reform Act, which was enacted on December 22, 2017. The Tax Reform Act included a reduction to the corporate income tax rate from 34 percent to 21 percent effective January 1, 2018. The amendments in the ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company elected to early adopt ASU 2018-02 during the first quarter of 2018 and elected to reclassify the income tax effects of the Tax Reform Act from AOCI to retained earnings. The amount of the reclassification is the difference between the historical corporate income tax rate and the newly enacted 21 percent corporate income tax rate, which amounted to $646 thousand .

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-08, Receivables – Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20): Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities . This ASU amends guidance on the amortization period of premiums on certain purchased callable debt securities. Specifically, the amendments shorten the amortization period of premiums on certain purchased callable debt securities to the earliest call date. The amendments affect all entities that hold investments in callable debt securities that have an amortized cost basis in excess of the amount that is repayable by the issuer at the earliest call date (that is, at a premium). For public companies, this update will be effective for fiscal years effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including all interim periods within those fiscal years. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to be material to the consolidated financial statements, as it is our current policy to amortize premiums of investment securities to the earliest call date.

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In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment . Topic 350, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350), currently requires an entity that has not elected the private company alternative for goodwill to perform a two-step test to determine the amount, if any, of goodwill impairment. In Step 1, an entity compares the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the entity performs Step 2 and compares the implied fair value of goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill for that reporting unit. An impairment charge equal to the amount by which the carrying amount of goodwill for the reporting unit exceeds the implied fair value of that goodwill is recorded, limited to the amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit to address concerns over the cost and complexity of the two-step goodwill impairment test, the amendments in this Update remove the second step of the test. An entity will apply a one-step quantitative test and record the amount of goodwill impairment as the excess of a reporting unit's carrying amount over its fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit. The new guidance does not amend the optional qualitative assessment of goodwill impairment. For public companies, this update will be effective for fiscal years effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including all interim periods within those fiscal years. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments . The new guidance replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology in current GAAP with an expected credit loss methodology and requires consideration of a broader range of information to determine credit loss estimates. Financial assets measured at amortized cost will be presented at the net amount expected to be collected by using an allowance for credit losses. Purchased credit impaired loans will receive an allowance account at the acquisition date that represents a component of the purchase price allocation. Credit losses relating to available-for-sale debt securities will be recorded through an allowance for credit losses, with such allowance limited to the amount by which fair value is below amortized cost. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company's project management team and Management Loan Committee (“MLC”) engaged a third party to assist with a data gap analysis and will utilize the data to determine the impact of the pronouncement. Additionally, the Company has researched and acquired software to assist with implementation that will be tested throughout 2019.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) . Among other things, in the amendments in ASU 2016-02, lessees will be required to recognize the following for all leases (with the exception of short-term leases) at the commencement date:(1) A lease liability, which is a lessee‘s obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; and (2) A right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee’s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term. Under the new guidance, lessor accounting is largely unchanged. Certain targeted improvements were made to align, where necessary, lessor accounting with the lessee accounting model and Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early application is permitted upon issuance. Lessees (for capital and operating leases) and lessors (for sales-type, direct financing, and operating leases) must apply a modified retrospective transition approach for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. The modified retrospective approach would not require any transition accounting for leases that expired before the earliest comparative period presented. Lessees and lessors may not apply a full retrospective transition approach. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842 (Leases) , which provides narrow amendments to clarify how to apply certain aspects of the new lease standard. In July 2018, the FASB also issued ASU 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements , which allows for an alternative transition method of adoption by recognizing a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. The Company established a project management team, which is currently evaluating the impact of the new standard, and expects an increase to the Consolidated Balance Sheets for right-of-use assets and associated lease liabilities, as well as resulting depreciation expense of the right-of-use assets and interest expense of the lease liabilities in the Consolidated Statements of Income, for arrangements previously accounted for as operating leases.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, Accounting for Financial Instruments - Overall: Classification and Measurement (Subtopic 825-10) . Amendments within ASU 2016-01 that relate to non-public entities have been excluded from this presentation. The amendments in this ASU 2016-01 address the following: 1) require equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting or those that result in consolidation of the investee) to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income. However, an entity may choose to measure equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair values at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer; 2) simplify the impairment assessment of equity investments without readily-determinable fair values by requiring a qualitative assessment to identify impairment. When a qualitative assessment indicates that impairment exists, an entity is required to measure the investment at fair value; 3) eliminate the requirement to disclose the method(s) and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is required to be disclosed for financial instruments measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet; 4) require entities to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial

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instruments for disclosure purposes; 5) require separate presentation in other comprehensive income for the portion of the total change in the fair value of a liability resulting from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk when the entity has elected to measure the liability at fair value in accordance with the fair value option for financial instruments; 6) require separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset (that is, securities or loans and receivables) on the balance sheet or the accompanying notes to the financial statements; and 7) clarify that an entity should evaluate the need for a valuation allowance on a deferred tax asset related to available-for-sale securities in combination with the entity's other deferred tax assets. The amendments are effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company adopted this guidance in the first quarter of 2018. The adoption of ASU 2016-01 on January 1, 2018 did not have a material impact on the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements. In accordance with 5) above, the Company measures the fair value of its loan portfolio on a quarterly basis using an exit price notion. See Note 6, “Fair Value of Financial Instruments” of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Item 1, Financial Statements, of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) . The new revenue pronouncement creates a single source of revenue guidance for all companies in all industries and is more principles-based than current revenue guidance. The pronouncement provides a five-step model for a company to recognize revenue when it transfers control of goods or services to customers at an amount that reflects the consideration to which it expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The five steps are: (1) identify the contract with the customer, (2) identify the separate performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to the separate performance obligations and (5) recognize revenue when each performance obligation is satisfied. The Company evaluated the impact of this standard on individual customer contracts, while management evaluated the impact of this standard on the broad categories of its customer contracts and revenue streams. The Company determined that this standard did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements because revenue related to financial instruments, including loans and investment securities are not in scope of these updates. Loan interest income, investment interest income, insurance services revenue and BOLI are accounted for under other U.S. GAAP standards and out of scope of ASC 606 revenue standard. The Company also completed an evaluation of certain costs related to customer contracts and revenue streams to determine whether such costs should be presented as expenses or contra-revenue (i.e., gross versus net). Based on the evaluation, the Company determined that the classification of certain debit and credit card related costs should change (i.e., costs previously recorded as expense are now recorded as contra-revenue). This classification change resulted in immaterial changes to both revenue and expense. The Company adopted the revenue recognition standard and its related amendments as of January 1, 2018 utilizing the modified retrospective approach. Since there was no net income impact upon adoption of the new guidance, a cumulative effect adjustment to opening retained earnings was not deemed necessary. Consistent with the modified retrospective approach, the Company did not adjust prior period amounts for the debit and credit card related cost reclassifications noted above.

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Note 3 – Investment Securities

There were no held-to-maturity securities at September 30, 2018 or December 31, 2017 .

Amortized cost and fair values of investment securities available-for-sale at September 30, 2018 are summarized as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)	Amortized Cost	Unrealized Gain	Unrealized Loss		Fair Value
U. S. Agency securities	$ 80,486	$ —	$ (2,774	)	$ 77,712
U.S. Sponsored Mortgage-backed securities	53,882	—	(2,928	)	50,954
Municipal securities	81,143	71	(2,263	)	78,951
Total debt securities	215,511	71	(7,965	)	207,617
Other securities	9,126	35	(64	)	9,097
Total investment securities available-for-sale	$ 224,637	$ 106	$ (8,029	)	$ 216,714

Amortized cost and fair values of investment securities available-for-sale at December 31, 2017 are summarized as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)	Amortized Cost	Unrealized Gain	Unrealized Loss		Fair Value
U. S. Agency securities	$ 81,705	$ 81	$ (841	)	$ 80,945
U.S. Sponsored Mortgage-backed securities	59,387	31	(1,264	)	58,154
Municipal securities	74,482	1,733	(373	)	75,842
Total debt securities	215,574	1,845	(2,478	)	214,941
Equity and other securities	15,940	644	(18	)	16,566
Total investment securities available-for-sale	$ 231,514	$ 2,489	$ (2,496	)	$ 231,507

The following table summarizes amortized cost and fair values of debt securities by maturity:
	September 30, 2018
	Available for sale
(Dollars in thousands)	Amortized Cost	Fair Value
Within one year	$ —	$ —
After one year, but within five	46,668	45,665
After five years, but within ten	28,213	26,818
After ten years	140,630	135,134
Total	$ 215,511	$ 207,617

Investment securities with a carrying value of $67.2 million at September 30, 2018 , were pledged to secure public funds, repurchase agreements, and potential borrowings at the Federal Reserve discount window.

The Company’s investment portfolio includes securities that are in an unrealized loss position as of September 30, 2018 , the details of which are included in the following table. Although these securities, if sold at September 30, 2018 would result in a pretax loss of $8.0 million , the Company has no intent to sell the applicable securities at such fair values, and maintains the Company has the ability to hold these securities until all principal has been recovered. Management does not intend to sell these securities and it is unlikely that the Company will be required to sell these securities before recovery of their amortized cost basis. Declines in the fair values of these securities can be traced to general market conditions which reflect the prospect for the economy as a whole. When determining other-than-temporary impairment on securities, the Company considers such factors as adverse conditions specifically related to a certain security or to specific conditions in an industry or geographic area, the time frame securities have been in an unrealized loss position, the Company’s ability to hold the security for a period of time sufficient to allow for anticipated recovery in value, whether or not the security has been downgraded by a rating agency, and whether or not the financial condition of the security issuer has severely deteriorated. As of September 30, 2018 , the Company considers all securities with unrealized loss positions to be temporarily impaired, and consequently, does not believe the Company will sustain any material realized losses as a result of the current temporary decline in fair value.

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The following table discloses investments in an unrealized loss position at September 30, 2018 :

(Dollars in thousands) — Description and number of positions	Less than 12 months — Fair Value	Unrealized Loss		12 months or more — Fair Value	Unrealized Loss
U.S. Agency securities (56)	$ 35,654	$ (837	)	$ 42,058	$ (1,937	)
U.S. Sponsored Mortgage-backed securities (42)	11,646	(493	)	39,309	(2,435	)
Municipal securities (97)	34,043	(973	)	20,585	(1,290	)
Other securities (4)	$ 1,977	$ (44	)	$ 501	$ (20	)
	$ 83,320	$ (2,347	)	$ 102,453	$ (5,682	)

The following table discloses investments in an unrealized loss position at December 31, 2017 :

(Dollars in thousands) — Description and number of positions	Less than 12 months — Fair Value	Unrealized Loss		12 months or more — Fair Value	Unrealized Loss
U.S. Agency securities (45)	$ 61,834	$ (659	)	$ 7,709	$ (182	)
U.S. Sponsored Mortgage-backed securities (39)	16,825	(159	)	37,427	(1,105	)
Municipal securities (47)	8,826	(48	)	16,781	(325	)
Equity and other securities (2)	1,034	(18	)	—	—
	$ 88,519	$ (884	)	$ 61,917	$ (1,612	)

For the three -month periods ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 , the Company sold investments available-for-sale of $2.1 million and $19.0 million , respectively. These sales resulted in gross gains of $27 thousand and $111 thousand and gross losses of $26 thousand and $6 thousand , respectively.

For the nine -month periods ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 , the Company sold investments available-for-sale of $2.8 million and $52.1 million , respectively. These sales resulted in gross gains of $352 thousand and $827 thousand and gross losses of $25 thousand and $372 thousand , respectively.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 , the Company recognized an unrealized gain of $623 thousand and $583 thousand , respectively, on equity securities held as of September 30, 2018 , which was recorded in noninterest income in the consolidated statements of income.

Note 4 – Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses

The components of loans in the Consolidated Balance Sheet at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , were as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)	September 30, 2018	December 31, 2017
Commercial and Non-Residential Real Estate	$ 929,284	$ 783,909
Residential Real Estate	298,749	246,214
Home Equity	57,629	62,400
Consumer	10,463	12,783
Total Loans	$ 1,296,125	$ 1,105,306
Deferred loan origination fees and costs, net	335	635
Loans receivable	$ 1,296,460	$ 1,105,941

All loan origination fees and direct loan origination costs are deferred and recognized over the life of the loan.

An allowance for loan losses (“ALL”) is maintained to absorb losses from the loan portfolio. The ALL is based on management’s continuing evaluation of the risk characteristics and credit quality of the loan portfolio, assessment of current economic conditions, diversification and size of the portfolio, adequacy of collateral, past and anticipated loss experience, and the amount of non-performing loans.

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The Bank’s methodology for determining the ALL is based on the requirements of ASC Section 310-10-35 for loans individually evaluated for impairment (discussed above) and ASC Subtopic 450-20 for loans collectively evaluated for impairment, as well as the Interagency Policy Statements on the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses and other bank regulatory guidance. The total of the two components represents the Bank’s ALL. The Bank's methodology allows for the analysis of certain impaired loans in homogeneous pools, rather than on an individual basis, when those loans are below specific thresholds based on outstanding principal balance. More specifically, residential mortgage loans, home equity lines of credit, and consumer loans, when considered impaired, are evaluated collectively for impairment by applying allocation rates derived from the Bank’s historical losses specific to impaired loans. Total collectively evaluated impaired loans were $1.7 million and $1.3 million , while the related reserves were $168 thousand and $169 thousand as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 .

Loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment are analyzed with general allowances being made as appropriate. For general allowances, historical loss trends are used in the estimation of losses in the current portfolio. These historical loss amounts are modified by qualified factors.

The segments described below in the impaired loans by class table, which are based on the Federal call code assigned to each loan, provide the starting point for the ALL analysis. Company and bank management tracks the historical net charge-off activity at the call code level. A historical charge-off factor is calculated utilizing a defined number of consecutive historical quarters. All pools currently utilize a rolling 12 quarters.

“Pass” rated credits are segregated from “Criticized” credits for the application of qualitative factors. Loans in the criticized pools, which possess certain qualities or characteristics that may lead to collection and loss issues, are closely monitored by management and subject to additional qualitative factors.

Company and Bank management have identified a number of additional qualitative factors which it uses to supplement the historical charge-off factor because these factors are likely to cause estimated credit losses associated with the existing loan pools to differ from historical loss experience. The additional factors that are evaluated quarterly and updated using information obtained from internal, regulatory, and governmental sources are: lending policies and procedures, nature and volume of the portfolio, experience and ability of lending management and staff, volume and severity of problem credits, conclusion of loan reviews, audits, and exams, changes in the value of underlying collateral, effect of concentrations of credit from a loan type, industry and/or geographic standpoint, changes in economic and business conditions consumer sentiment, and other external factors. The combination of historical charge-off and qualitative factors are then weighted for each risk grade. These weightings are determined internally based upon the likelihood of loss as a loan risk grading deteriorates.

To estimate the liability for off-balance sheet credit exposures, Bank management analyzed the portfolios of letters of credit, non-revolving lines of credit, and revolving lines of credit, and based its calculation on the expectation of future advances of each loan category. Letters of credit were determined to be highly unlikely to advance since they are generally in place only to ensure various forms of performance of the borrowers. In the Bank’s history, there have been no letters of credit drawn upon. In addition, many of the letters of credit are cash secured and do not warrant an allocation. Non-revolving lines of credit were determined to be highly likely to advance as these are typically construction lines. Meanwhile, the likelihood of revolving lines of credit advancing varies with each individual borrower. Therefore, the future usage of each line was estimated based on the average line utilization of the revolving line of credit portfolio as a whole.

Once the estimated future advances were calculated, an allocation rate, which was derived from the Bank’s historical losses and qualitative environmental factors, was applied in the similar manner as those used for the allowance for loan loss calculation. The resulting estimated loss allocations were totaled to determine the liability for unfunded commitments related to these loans, which Management considers necessary to anticipate potential losses on those commitments that have a reasonable probability of funding. As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , the liability for unfunded commitments related to loans held for investment was $284 thousand .

Bank management reviews the loan portfolio on a quarterly basis using a defined, consistently applied process in order to make appropriate and timely adjustments to the ALL. When information confirms all or part of specific loans to be uncollectible, these amounts are promptly charged off against the ALL.

The ALL is based on estimates, and actual losses will vary from current estimates. Management believes that the granularity of the homogeneous pools and the related historical loss ratios and other qualitative factors, as well as the consistency in the application of assumptions, result in an ALL that is representative of the risk found in the components of the portfolio at any given date.

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The following tables summarize the primary segments of the ALL, segregated into the amount required for loans individually evaluated for impairment and the amount required for loans collectively evaluated for impairment as of September 30, 2018 :

(Dollars in thousands) — ALL balance at December 31, 2017	Commercial — $ 7,804		Residential — $ 1,119		Home Equity — $ 705		Consumer — $ 250		Total — $ 9,878
Charge-offs	(616	)	(11	)	—		(52	)	(679	)
Recoveries	10		19		58		5		92
Provision (recovery)	1,827		242		(139	)	218		2,148
ALL balance at September 30, 2018	$ 9,025		$ 1,369		$ 624		$ 421		$ 11,439
Individually evaluated for impairment	$ 1,262		$ 88		$ —		$ 226		$ 1,576
Collectively evaluated for impairment	$ 7,763		$ 1,281		$ 624		$ 195		$ 9,863

(Dollars in thousands)	Commercial		Residential	Home Equity	Consumer		Total
ALL balance at June 30, 2018	$ 8,664		$ 1,172	$ 602	$ 213		$ 10,651
Charge-offs	(292	)	—	—	(2	)	(294	)
Recoveries	—		10	2	1		13
Provision (recovery)	653		187	20	209		1,069
ALL balance at September 30, 2018	$ 9,025		$ 1,369	$ 624	$ 421		$ 11,439

The following table summarizes the primary segments of the Company loan portfolio as of September 30, 2018 :

(Dollars in thousands)	Commercial	Residential	Home Equity	Consumer	Total
Individually evaluated for impairment	$ 11,704	$ 3,287	$ 111	$ 334	$ 15,436
Collectively evaluated for impairment	917,580	295,462	57,518	10,129	1,280,689
Total Loans	$ 929,284	$ 298,749	$ 57,629	$ 10,463	$ 1,296,125

The following tables summarize the primary segments of the ALL, segregated into the amount required for loans individually evaluated for impairment and the amount required for loans collectively evaluated for impairment as of September 30, 2017 :

(Dollars in thousands) — ALL balance at December 31, 2016	Commercial — $ 7,181		Residential — $ 990		Home Equity — $ 728		Consumer — $ 202		Total — $ 9,101
Charge-offs	(645	)	(141	)	(33	)	(106	)	(925	)
Recoveries	22		40		3		18		83
Provision	746		155		91		145		1,137
ALL balance at September 30, 2017	$ 7,304		$ 1,044		$ 789		$ 259		$ 9,396
Individually evaluated for impairment	$ 420		$ —		$ 1		$ —		$ 421
Collectively evaluated for impairment	$ 6,884		$ 1,044		$ 788		$ 259		$ 8,975

(Dollars in thousands)	Commercial		Residential	Home Equity	Consumer		Total
ALL balance at June 30, 2017	$ 7,723		$ 992	$ 777	$ 256		$ 9,748
Charge-offs	(382	)	—	—	(90	)	(472	)
Recoveries	1		6	1	16		24
Provision (recovery)	(38	)	46	11	77		96
ALL balance at September 30, 2017	$ 7,304		$ 1,044	$ 789	$ 259		$ 9,396

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The following table summarizes the primary segments of the Company loan portfolio as of September 30, 2017 :

(Dollars in thousands)	Commercial	Residential	Home Equity	Consumer	Total
Individually evaluated for impairment	$ 10,457	$ 1,166	$ 581	$ 183	$ 12,387
Collectively evaluated for impairment	771,739	233,070	63,692	12,912	1,081,413
Total Loans	$ 782,196	$ 234,236	$ 64,273	$ 13,095	$ 1,093,800

Loans are considered to be impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Factors considered by management in evaluating impairment include payment status, collateral value, and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Management determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record, and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed. The Company evaluates residential mortgage loans, home equity lines of credit, and consumer loans in homogeneous pools, rather than on an individual basis, when each of those loans are below specific thresholds based on outstanding principal balance. Such loans that individually exceed these thresholds are evaluated individually for impairment. The Chief Credit Officer identifies these loans individually by monitoring the delinquency status of the Bank’s portfolio. Once identified, the Bank’s ongoing communications with the borrower allow Management to evaluate the significance of the payment delays and the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower.

Once the determination has been made that a loan is impaired, the amount of the impairment is measured using one of three valuation methods: (a) the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate; (b) the loan’s observable market price; or (c) the fair value of the collateral less selling costs. The method is selected on a loan-by-loan basis, with management primarily utilizing the fair value of collateral method. The evaluation of the need and amount of a specific allocation of the allowance and whether a loan can be removed from impairment status is made on a quarterly basis.

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The following table presents impaired loans by class, segregated by those for which a specific allowance was required and those for which a specific allowance was not necessary as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 :

(Dollars in thousands)	Impaired Loans with Specific Allowance — Recorded Investment	Related Allowance	Impaired Loans with No Specific Allowance — Recorded Investment	Total Impaired Loans — Recorded Investment	Unpaid Principal Balance
September 30, 2018
Commercial
Commercial Business	$ 262	$ 103	$ 3,615	$ 3,877	$ 3,899
Commercial Real Estate	5,090	1,159	1,580	6,670	7,490
Acquisition & Development	—	—	1,157	1,157	3,437
Total Commercial	5,352	1,262	6,352	11,704	14,826
Residential	455	88	2,832	3,287	3,335
Home Equity	—	—	111	111	111
Consumer	289	226	45	334	336
Total Impaired Loans	$ 6,096	$ 1,576	$ 9,340	$ 15,436	$ 18,608
December 31, 2017
Commercial
Commercial Business	$ 3,283	$ 22	$ 979	$ 4,262	$ 4,275
Commercial Real Estate	4,603	1,150	2,814	7,417	7,921
Acquisition & Development	—	—	2,117	2,117	4,090
Total Commercial	7,886	1,172	5,910	13,796	16,286
Residential	—	—	1,569	1,569	1,601
Home Equity	—	—	13	13	13
Consumer	69	16	109	178	475
Total Impaired Loans	$ 7,955	$ 1,188	$ 7,601	$ 15,556	$ 18,375

Impaired loans have decreased by $120 thousand , or 0.77% , during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 . This change is the net effect of multiple factors, including the identification of $2.9 million of impaired loans, principal curtailments of $1.3 million , partial charge-offs of $362 thousand , the foreclosure of a commercial development loan which required the reclassification of $720 thousand to other real estate owned, the classification of $424 thousand to performing loans based on improved repayment performance, and normal loan amortization.

The following table presents the average recorded investment in impaired loans and related interest income recognized for the periods indicated:
	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018			Three Months Ended September 30, 2018
(Dollars in thousands)	Average Investment in Impaired Loans	Interest Income Recognized on Accrual Basis	Interest Income Recognized on Cash Basis	Average Investment in Impaired Loans	Interest Income Recognized on Accrual Basis	Interest Income Recognized on Cash Basis
Commercial
Commercial Business	$ 4,192	$ 119	$ 106	$ 3,917	$ 38	$ 2
Commercial Real Estate	7,060	71	63	6,836	24	21
Acquisition & Development	1,399	—	—	1,158	—	—
Total Commercial	12,651	190	169	11,911	62	23
Residential	2,404	15	11	3,265	5	3
Home Equity	90	1	1	113	—	—
Consumer	139	—	—	233	—
Total	$ 15,284	$ 206	$ 181	$ 15,522	$ 67	$ 26

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(Dollars in thousands)	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 — Average Investment in Impaired Loans	Interest Income Recognized on Accrual Basis	Interest Income Recognized on Cash Basis	Three Months Ended September 30, 2017 — Average Investment in Impaired Loans	Interest Income Recognized on Accrual Basis	Interest Income Recognized on Cash Basis
Commercial
Commercial Business	$ 3,479	$ 116	$ 87	$ 3,720	$ 39	$ 27
Commercial Real Estate	2,783	75	74	2,915	25	24
Acquisition & Development	3,661	7	10	3,637	2	3
Total Commercial	9,923	198	171	10,272	66	54
Residential	1,402	8	44	1,256	2	20
Home Equity	641	1	1	644	—	—
Consumer	189	—	—	184	—	—
Total	$ 12,155	$ 207	$ 216	$ 12,356	$ 68	$ 74

As of September 30, 2018 , the Bank's other real estate owned balance totaled $1.7 million . The Bank held eight foreclosed residential real estate properties representing $732 thousand , or 42% , of the total balance of other real estate owned. These properties are held as a result of the foreclosures of primarily two commercial loan relationships, one of which included three properties for a total of $395 thousand , while the other also included three properties for a total of $174 thousand . The two remaining residential real estate properties, totaling $163 thousand , were result of the foreclosure of two unrelated borrowers. The remaining $1.0 million , or 58% , of other real estate owned is the result of the foreclosure of three unrelated commercial development loans. There are two additional consumer mortgage loans collateralized by residential real estate properties in the process of foreclosure. The total recorded investment in these loans was $1.7 million as of September 30, 2018 . These loans are included in the table above and have $88 thousand in specific allowance allocated to them.

Bank management uses a nine -point internal risk rating system to monitor the credit quality of the overall loan portfolio. The first six categories are considered not criticized and are aggregated as “Pass” rated. The criticized rating categories utilized by management generally follow bank regulatory definitions. The Special Mention category includes assets that are currently protected but are potentially weak, resulting in an undue and unwarranted credit risk, but not to the point of justifying a Substandard classification. Loans in the Substandard category have well-defined weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt and have a distinct possibility that some loss will be sustained if the weaknesses are not corrected. Any portion of a loan that has been or is expected to be charged off is placed in the Loss category.

To help ensure that risk ratings are accurate and reflect the present and future capacity of borrowers to repay a loan as agreed, the Bank has a structured loan rating process with several layers of internal and external oversight. Generally, consumer and residential mortgage loans are included in the Pass categories unless a specific action, such as past due status, bankruptcy, repossession, or death occurs to raise awareness of a possible credit event. The Bank’s Chief Credit Officer is responsible for the timely and accurate risk rating of the loans in the portfolio at origination and on an ongoing basis. The Credit Department ensures that a review of all commercial relationships of one million dollars or greater is performed annually.

Review of the appropriate risk grade is included in both the internal and external loan review process, and on an ongoing basis. The Bank has an experienced Credit Department that continually reviews and assesses loans within the portfolio. The Bank engages an external consultant to conduct independent loan reviews on at least an annual basis. Generally, the external consultant reviews larger commercial relationships or criticized relationships. The Bank’s Credit Department compiles detailed reviews, including plans for resolution, on loans classified as Substandard on a quarterly basis. Loans in the Special Mention and Substandard categories that are collectively evaluated for impairment are given separate consideration in the determination of the allowance.

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The following table represents the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by the aggregate Pass and the criticized categories of Special Mention, Substandard and Doubtful within the internal risk rating system as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 :

(Dollars in thousands)	Pass	Special Mention	Substandard	Doubtful	Total
September 30, 2018
Commercial
Commercial Business	$ 420,898	$ 5,197	$ 4,669	$ —	$ 430,764
Commercial Real Estate	347,789	15,839	2,342	4,184	370,154
Acquisition & Development	124,395	181	2,933	857	128,366
Total Commercial	893,082	21,217	9,944	5,041	929,284
Residential	293,946	2,628	1,600	575	298,749
Home Equity	56,726	864	39	—	57,629
Consumer	9,965	478	20	—	10,463
Total Loans	$ 1,253,719	$ 25,187	$ 11,603	$ 5,616	$ 1,296,125
December 31, 2017
Commercial
Commercial Business	$ 371,041	$ 4,816	$ 4,506	$ —	$ 380,363
Commercial Real Estate	271,751	22,995	5,961	1,149	301,856
Acquisition & Development	96,712	931	2,230	1,817	101,690
Total Commercial	739,504	28,742	12,697	2,966	783,909
Residential	242,823	3,036	223	132	246,214
Home Equity	61,037	1,311	52	—	62,400
Consumer	12,453	174	25	131	12,783
Total Loans	$ 1,055,817	$ 33,263	$ 12,997	$ 3,229	$ 1,105,306

Management further monitors the performance and credit quality of the loan portfolio by analyzing the age of the portfolio as determined by the length of time a recorded payment is past due.

A loan that has deteriorated and requires additional collection efforts by the Bank could warrant non-accrual status. A thorough review is presented to the Chief Credit Officer and or the MLC, as required with respect to any loan which is in a collection process and to make a determination as to whether the loan should be placed on non-accrual status. The placement of loans on non-accrual status is subject to applicable regulatory restrictions and guidelines. Generally, loans should be placed in non-accrual status when the loan reaches 90 days past due, when it becomes likely the borrower cannot or will not make scheduled principal or interest payments, when full repayment of principal and interest is not expected, or when the loan displays potential loss characteristics. Normally, all accrued interest is charged off when a loan is placed in non-accrual status, unless Management believes it is likely the accrued interest will be collected. Any payments subsequently received are applied to principal. To remove a loan from non-accrual status, all principal and interest due must be paid up to date and the Bank is reasonably sure of future satisfactory payment performance. Usually, this requires a six -month recent history of payments due. Removal of a loan from non-accrual status will require the approval of the Chief Credit Officer and or MLC.

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The following table presents the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by aging categories of performing loans and nonaccrual loans as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 :

(Dollars in thousands)	Current	30-59 Days Past Due	60-89 Days Past Due	90+ Days Past Due	Total Past Due	Total Loans	Non-Accrual	90+ Days Still Accruing
September 30, 2018
Commercial
Commercial Business	$ 426,207	$ 1,005	$ 218	$ 3,334	$ 4,557	$ 430,764	$ 3,817	$ —
Commercial Real Estate	365,633	—	—	4,521	4,521	370,154	4,581	—
Acquisition & Development	127,209	—	—	1,157	1,157	128,366	1,157	—
Total Commercial	919,049	1,005	218	9,012	10,235	929,284	9,555	—
Residential	296,324	24	443	1,958	2,425	298,749	2,894	—
Home Equity	57,450	165	14	—	179	57,629	72	—
Consumer	10,123	23	—	317	340	10,463	325	—
Total Loans	$ 1,282,946	$ 1,217	$ 675	$ 11,287	$ 13,179	$ 1,296,125	$ 12,846	$ —
December 31, 2017
Commercial
Commercial Business	$ 377,901	$ 512	$ 1,368	$ 582	$ 2,462	$ 380,363	$ 1,027	$ —
Commercial Real Estate	300,282	45	1,149	380	1,574	301,856	5,206	—
Acquisition & Development	99,573	—	874	1,243	2,117	101,690	2,117	—
Total Commercial	777,756	557	3,391	2,205	6,153	783,909	8,350	—
Residential	243,177	1,879	707	451	3,037	246,214	1,157	—
Home Equity	61,907	240	240	13	493	62,400	13	—
Consumer	12,634	11	—	138	149	12,783	179	—
Total Loans	$ 1,095,474	$ 2,687	$ 4,338	$ 2,807	$ 9,832	$ 1,105,306	$ 9,699	$ —

Troubled Debt Restructurings

The restructuring of a loan is considered a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”) if both (i) the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties and (ii) the creditor has granted a concession. Concessions may include interest rate reductions or below market interest rates, principal forgiveness, restructuring amortization schedules and other actions intended to minimize potential losses. At September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , the Bank had specific reserve allocations for TDR’s of $484 thousand and $439 thousand , respectively.

Loans considered to be troubled debt restructured loans totaled $6.4 million and $6.4 million as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , respectively. Of these totals, $2.6 million and $5.9 million , respectively, represent accruing troubled debt restructured loans and represent 17% and 38% , respectively of total impaired loans. Meanwhile, $3.7 million represents three loans to two borrowers that have defaulted under the restructured terms. Two of the three loans, totaling $432 thousand , are commercial acquisition and development loans that were considered TDR's due to extended interest only periods and/or unsatisfactory repayment structures once transitioned to principal and interest payments. The third loan, to an unrelated borrower, is a $3.2 million commercial term loan which was previously considered a TDR due to multiple interest only periods being provided. This loan defaulted during the three months ended September 30, 2018. The default is due to delayed payments stemming from ongoing negotiations with respect to a third-party operator that is expected to provide a new source of reliable cash flow to service the required payments of this loan. These negotiations are expected to conclude in the fourth quarter of 2018. These borrowers have experienced continued financial difficulty and are considered non-performing loans as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 .

A commercial loan in the amount of $128 thousand was classified as impaired and as a TDR in the first quarter of 2018. Additionally, a commercial loan in the amount of $144 thousand was classified as a TDR in the second quarter of 2018. There were two additional loans to one borrower, a home equity line of credit and a consumer loan, totaling $49 thousand , that were also classified as TDR's in the second quarter of 2018. There were no new TDR’s for the three months ended September 30, 2018 .

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	New TDR's 1
	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018			Three Months Ended September 30, 2018
(Dollars in thousands)	Number of Contracts	Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment	Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment	Number of Contracts	Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment	Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment
Commercial
Commercial Business	2	$ 272	$ 272	—	$ —	$ —
Commercial Real Estate	—	—	—	—	—	—
Acquisition & Development	—	—	—	—	—	—
Total Commercial	2	272	272	—	—	—
Residential	—	—	—	—	—	—
Home Equity	1	39	39	—	—	—
Consumer	1	10	10	—	—	—
Total	4	$ 321	$ 321	—	$ —	$ —

	New TDR's 1
	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017			Three Months Ended September 30, 2017
(Dollars in thousands)	Number of Contracts	Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment	Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment	Number of Contracts	Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment	Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment
Commercial
Commercial Business	1	$ 147	$ 147	1	$ 147	$ 147
Commercial Real Estate	—	—	—	—	—	—
Acquisition & Development	—	—	—	—	—	—
Total Commercial	1	147	147	1	147	147
Residential	—	—	—	—	—	—
Home Equity	—	—	—	—	—	—
Consumer	—	—	—	—	—	—
Total	1	$ 147	$ 147	1	$ 147	$ 147

1 The pre-modification and post-modification balances represent the balances outstanding immediately before and after modification of the loan.

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Note 5 – Borrowed Funds

Short-term borrowings

Along with traditional deposits, the Bank has access to short-term borrowings from FHLB to fund its operations and investments. Short-term borrowings from FHLB totaled $119.5 million at September 30, 2018 , compared to $149.6 million at December 31, 2017 .

Information related to short-term borrowings is summarized as follows: — (Dollars in thousands)	September 30, 2018	December 31, 2017
Balance at end of period	$ 119,487	$ 149,596
Average balance during the period	203,590	100,969
Maximum month-end balance	264,297	220,097
Weighted-average rate during the year	2.22 %	1.16 %
Weighted-average rate at end of period	2.28 %	1.61 %

Repurchase agreements

Along with traditional deposits, the Bank has access to securities sold under agreements to repurchase “repurchase agreements” with customers representing funds deposited by customers, on an overnight basis, that are collateralized by investment securities owned by the Company. Repurchase agreements with customers are included in borrowings section on the consolidated balance sheets. All repurchase agreements are subject to terms and conditions of repurchase/security agreements between the Company and the client and are accounted for as secured borrowings. The Company's repurchase agreements reflected in liabilities consist of customer accounts and securities which are pledged on an individual security basis.

The Company monitors the fair value of the underlying securities on a monthly basis. Repurchase agreements are reflected at the amount of cash received in connection with the transaction and included in Securities sold under agreements to repurchase on the consolidated balance sheets. The primary risk with the Company's repurchase agreements is market risk associated with the investments securing the transactions, as we may be required to provide additional collateral based on fair value changes of the underlying investments. Securities pledged as collateral under repurchase agreements are maintained with our safekeeping agents.

All of the Company’s repurchase agreements were overnight agreements at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 . These borrowings were collateralized with investment securities with a carrying value of $16.2 million and $23.1 million at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , respectively, and were comprised of U.S. Government Agencies and Mortgage backed securities. Declines in the value of the collateral would require the Company to increase the amounts of securities pledged.

Repurchase agreements totaled $15.8 million at September 30, 2018 , compared to $22.4 million in December 31, 2017 .

Information related to repurchase agreements is summarized as follows: — (Dollars in thousands)	September 30, 2018	December 31, 2017
Balance at end of period	$ 15,755	$ 22,403
Average balance during the period	17,911	25,160
Maximum month-end balance	20,903	25,972
Weighted-average rate during the year	0.37 %	0.30 %
Weighted-average rate at end of period	0.16 %	0.34 %

Long-term notes from the FHLB were as follows:

(Dollars in thousands)	September 30, 2018	December 31, 2017
Fixed interest rate notes, originating between October 2006 and April 2007, due between October 2021 and April 2022, interest of between 5.18% and 5.20% payable monthly	$ 1,756	$ 1,798
Amortizing fixed interest rate note, originating February 2007, due February 2022, payable in monthly installments of $5 thousand, including interest of 5.22%	757	775
	$ 2,513	$ 2,573

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Subordinated Debt

Information related to subordinated debt is summarized as follows: — (Dollars in thousands)	September 30, 2018	December 31, 2017
Balance at end of period	$ 18,524	$ 33,524
Average balance during the period	19,932	33,524
Maximum month-end balance	33,524	33,524
Weighted-average rate during the year	6.69 %	6.69 %
Weighted-average rate at end of period	6.49 %	6.70 %

In March 2007 , the Company completed the private placement of $4 million Floating Rate, Trust Preferred Securities through its MVB Financial Statutory Trust I subsidiary (the “Trust”). The Company established the Trust for the sole purpose of issuing the Trust Preferred Securities pursuant to an Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust. The proceeds from the sale of the Trust Preferred Securities will be loaned to the Company under subordinated Debentures (the “Debentures”) issued to the Trust pursuant to an Indenture. The Debentures are the only asset of the Trust. The Trust Preferred Securities have been issued to a pooling vehicle that will use the distributions on the Trust Preferred Securities to securitize note obligations. The securities issued by the Trust are includable for regulatory purposes as a component of the Company’s Tier 1 capital.

The Trust Preferred Securities and the Debentures mature in 2037 and have been redeemable by the Company since 2012 . Interest payments are due in March, June, September, and December and are adjusted at the interest due dates at a rate of 1.62% over the three-month LIBOR Rate. The obligations of the Company with respect to the issuance of the trust preferred securities constitute a full and unconditional guarantee by the Company of the Trust's obligations with respect to the trust preferred securities to the extent set forth in the related guarantees.

On June 30, 2014 , the Company issued its Convertible Subordinated Promissory Notes Due 2024 (the “Notes”) to various investors in the aggregate principal amount of $29,400,000 . The Notes were issued in $100,000 increments per Note subject to a minimum investment of $1,000,000 . The Notes expire 10 years after the initial issuance date of the Notes (the “Maturity Date”).

Interest on the Notes accrues on the unpaid principal amount of each Note (paid quarterly in arrears on January 1, April 1, July 1, and October 1 of each year) which rate shall be dependent upon the principal invested in the Notes and the holder’s ownership of common stock in the Company. For investments of less than $3,000,000 in Notes, an ownership of Company common stock representing at least 30% of the principal of the Notes acquired, the interest rate on the Notes is 7% per annum. For investments of $3,000,000 or greater in Notes and ownership of the Company’s common stock representing at least 30% of the principal of the Notes acquired, the interest rate on the Notes is 7.5% per annum. For investments of $10,000,000 or greater, the interest rate on the Notes is 7% per annum, regardless of whether the holder owns or acquires MVB common stock. The principal on the Notes shall be paid in full at the Maturity Date. On the fifth anniversary of the issuance of the Notes, a holder may elect to continue to receive the stated fixed rate on the Notes or a floating rate determined by LIBOR plus 5% up to a maximum rate of 9% , adjusted quarterly.

The Notes are unsecured and subject to the terms and conditions of any senior debt and after consultation with the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, the Company may, after the Notes have been outstanding for 5 years , and without premium or penalty, prepay all or a portion of the unpaid principal amount of any Note together with the unpaid interest accrued on such portion of the principal amount of such Note. All such prepayments shall be made pro rata among the holders of all outstanding Notes.

At the election of a holder, any or all of the Notes may be converted into shares of common stock during the 8 -day period after the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth anniversaries of the issuance of the Notes or upon a notice to prepay by the Company. On December 28, 2017, the Company distributed notices to the holders of the Notes that provide that the Company has elected to waive the timing requirements associated with when a conversion may occur and, instead, the Company will accept notices of conversion at any time prior to July 1, 2019, which is the final conversion date for the Notes. The Notes will convert into common stock based on $16 per share of the Company’s common stock. The conversion price will be subject to anti-dilution adjustments for certain events such as stock splits, reclassifications, non-cash distributions, extraordinary cash dividends, pro rata repurchases of common stock, and business combination transactions. The Company must give 20 days ’ notice to the holders of the Company’s intent to prepay the Notes, so that holders may execute the conversion right set forth above if a holder so desires.

Repayment of the Notes is subordinated to the Company’s outstanding senior debt including (if any) without limitation, senior secured loans. No payment will be made by the Company, directly or indirectly, on the Notes, unless and until all of the senior debt then due has been paid in full. Notwithstanding the foregoing, so long as there exists no event of default under any senior debt, the Company

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would make, and a holder would receive and retain for the holder’s account, regularly scheduled payments of accrued interest and principal pursuant to the terms of the Notes.

The Company must obtain a consent of the holders of the Notes prior to issuing any new senior debt in excess of $15,000,000 after the date of issuance of the Notes and prior to the Maturity Date.

An event of default will occur upon the Company’s bankruptcy or any failure to pay interest, principal, or other amounts owing on the Notes when due. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an event of default (but subject to the subordination provisions of the Notes) the holders of a majority of the outstanding principal amount of the Notes may declare all or any portion of the outstanding principal amount of the Notes due and payable and demand immediate payment of such amount.

The Notes are redeemable, in whole or in part, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Notes to be redeemed on any interest payment date after a date five years from the original issue date. In June 2018, subordinated debt in the amount of $12.7 million was converted into 795,500 shares of common stock.

The Company reflects subordinated debt in the amount of $18.5 million and $33.5 million as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 and interest expense of $1.4 million and $1.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 .

A summary of maturities of borrowings and subordinated debt over the next five years is as follows (dollars in thousands):
Year	Amount
2018	119,508
2019	85
2020	90
2021	886
2022	1,431
Thereafter	18,524
	$ 140,524

Note 6 – Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Accounting standards require that the Company adopt fair value measurement for financial assets and financial liabilities. This enhanced guidance for using fair value to measure assets and liabilities applies whenever other standards require or permit assets or liabilities to be measured at fair value. This guidance does not expand the use of fair value in any new circumstances.

Accounting standards establish a hierarchal disclosure framework associated with the level of pricing observability utilized in measuring assets and liabilities at fair value. The three broad levels defined by these standards are as follows:

Level I:	Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the reported date.
Level II:	Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reported date. The nature of these assets and liabilities include items for which quoted prices are available but traded less frequently, and items that are fair valued using other financial instruments, the parameters of which can be directly observed.
Level III:	Assets and liabilities that have little to no pricing observability as of the reported date. These items do not have two-way markets and are measured using management’s best estimate of fair value, where the inputs into the determination of fair value require significant management judgment or estimation.

The methods of determining the fair value of assets and liabilities presented in this footnote are consistent with our methodologies disclosed in Note 17, “Fair Value of Financial Instruments” and Note 18, “Fair Value Measurement” of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of the Company's 2017 Annual Report on Form 10-K, except for the valuation of loans held for investment which was impacted by the adoption of ASU 2016-01. In accordance with ASU 2016-01, the fair value of loans held for investment is estimated using a discounted cash flow analysis. The discount rates used to determine fair value use interest rate spreads that reflect factors such as liquidity, credit, and nonperformance risk of the loans. Loans are considered a Level III classification.

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Assets Measured on a Recurring Basis

As required by accounting standards, financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company classified investments in government securities as Level II instruments and valued them using the market approach. The following measurements are made on a recurring basis.

• Available-for-sale investment and equity securities – Available-for-sale investment securities are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value measurement is based upon quoted prices, if available. If quoted prices are not available, fair values are measured using independent pricing models or other model-based valuation techniques such as the present value of future cash flows, adjusted for the security's credit rating, prepayment assumptions and other factors such as credit loss assumptions. Level I securities include those traded on an active exchange, such as the New York Stock Exchange, U.S. Treasury securities that are traded by dealers or brokers in active over-the-counter markets and money market funds. Level II securities include mortgage-backed securities issued by government sponsored entities and private label entities, municipal bonds, and corporate debt securities. There have been no changes in valuation techniques for the three months ended September 30, 2018 . Valuation techniques are consistent with techniques used in prior periods. Certain local municipal securities related to tax increment financing (“TIF”) are independently valued and classified as Level III instruments.

• Loans held for sale – The fair value of mortgage loans held for sale is determined, when possible, using quoted secondary-market prices or investor commitments. If no such quoted price exists, the fair value of a loan is determined using quoted prices for a similar asset or assets, adjusted for the specific attributes of that loan, which would be used by other market participants.

• Interest rate lock commitment – The Company estimates the fair value of interest rate lock commitments based on the value of the underlying mortgage loan, quoted mortgage-backed security prices, and estimates of the fair value of the mortgage servicing rights and the probability that the mortgage loan will fund within the terms of the interest rate lock commitments.

• Mortgage-backed security hedges – MBS hedges are considered derivatives and are recorded at fair value based on observable market data of the individual mortgage-backed security.

• Interest rate cap – The fair value of the interest rate cap is determined at the end of each quarter by using Bloomberg Finance which values the interest rate cap using observable inputs from forward and futures yield curves as well as standard market volatility.

• Interest rate swap – Interest rate swaps are recorded at fair value based on third party vendors who compile prices from various sources and may determine fair value of identical or similar instruments by using pricing models that consider observable market data.

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The following tables present the assets reported on the consolidated statements of financial condition at their fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 by level within the fair value hierarchy. Financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

(Dollars in thousands)	September 30, 2018 — Level I	Level II	Level III	Total
Assets:
U.S. Government Agency securities	$ —	$ 77,712	$ —	$ 77,712
U.S. Sponsored Mortgage backed securities	—	50,954	—	50,954
Municipal securities	—	49,627	29,324	78,951
Other securities	—	9,097	—	9,097
Equity securities	6,020	—	3,572	9,592
Loans held for sale	—	63,706	—	63,706
Interest rate lock commitment	—	—	1,672	1,672
Interest rate swap	—	387	—	387
Interest rate cap	—	63	—	63
Mortgage-backed security hedges	—	470	—	470
Liabilities:
Interest rate swap	—	387	—	387

(Dollars in thousands)	December 31, 2017 — Level I	Level II	Level III	Total
Assets:
U.S. Government Agency securities	$ —	$ 80,945	$ —	$ 80,945
U.S. Sponsored Mortgage backed securities	—	58,154	—	58,154
Municipal securities	—	52,933	22,909	75,842
Equity securities	1,607	14,059	900	16,566
Loans held for sale	—	66,794	—	66,794
Interest rate lock commitment	—	—	1,426	1,426
Interest rate swap	—	268	—	268
Interest rate cap	—	33	—	33
Liabilities:
Interest rate swap	—	268	—	268
Mortgage-backed security hedges	—	78	—	78

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The following table represents recurring level III assets: — (Dollars in thousands)	Interest Rate Lock Commitments		Municipal Securities		Equity Securities	Total
Balance at December 31, 2017	$ 1,426		$ 22,909		$ 900	$ 25,235
Realized and unrealized gains included in earnings	246		—		672	918
Purchase of securities	—		6,232		2,000	8,232
Unrealized gain included in other comprehensive income (loss)	—		1,541		—	1,541
Unrealized loss included in other comprehensive income (loss)	—		(1,358	)	—	(1,358	)
Balance at September 30, 2018	$ 1,672		$ 29,324		$ 3,572	$ 34,568
Balance at June 30, 2018	$ 2,375		$ 28,173		$ 900	$ 31,448
Realized and unrealized gains included in earnings	(703	)	—		672	(31	)
Purchase of securities	—		—		2,000	2,000
Unrealized gain included in other comprehensive income (loss)	—		1,787		—	1,787
Unrealized loss included in other comprehensive income (loss)	—		(636	)	—	(636	)
Balance at September 30, 2018	$ 1,672		$ 29,324		$ 3,572	$ 34,568
Balance at December 31, 2016	$ 1,546		$ 6,135		$ 300	$ 7,981
Realized and unrealized gains included in earnings	303		—		—	303
Unrealized gain included in other comprehensive income (loss)	—		54		—	54
Balance at September 30, 2017	$ 1,849		$ 6,189		$ 300	$ 8,338
Balance at June 30, 2017	$ 2,094		$ 6,189		$ 300	$ 8,583
Realized and unrealized losses included in earnings	(245	)	—		—	(245	)
Unrealized gain included in other comprehensive income (loss)	—		—		—	—
Balance at September 30, 2017	$ 1,849		$ 6,189		$ 300	$ 8,338

Assets Measured on a Nonrecurring Basis

The Company may be required, from time to time, to measure certain financial assets, financial liabilities, non-financial assets, and non-financial liabilities at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. These include assets that are measured at the lower of cost or market value that were recognized at fair value below cost at the end of the period. Certain non-financial assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis include foreclosed assets (upon initial recognition or subsequent impairment), non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities measured at fair value in the second step of a goodwill impairment test, and intangible assets and other non-financial long-lived assets measured at fair value for impairment assessment. Non-financial assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis during 2018 and 2017 include certain foreclosed assets which, upon initial recognition, were remeasured and reported at fair value through a charge-off to the allowance for possible loan losses and certain foreclosed assets which, subsequent to their initial recognition, were remeasured at fair value through a write-down included in other noninterest expense.

• Impaired loans – Loans for which it is probable that payment of interest and principal will not be made in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement are considered impaired. Once a loan is identified as individually impaired, management measures impairment using one of several methods, including collateral value, liquidation value and discounted cash flows. Those impaired loans not requiring an allowance represent loans for which the fair value of the expected repayments or collateral exceed the recorded investments in such loans. Collateral values are estimated using Level II inputs based on observable market data or Level III inputs based on customized discounting criteria. For a majority of impaired real estate related loans, the Company obtains a current external appraisal. Other valuation techniques are used as well, including internal valuations, comparable property analysis and contractual sales information.

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• Other real estate owned – Other real estate owned, which is obtained through the Bank’s foreclosure process is valued utilizing the appraised collateral value. Collateral values are estimated using Level II inputs based on observable market data or Level III inputs based on customized discounting criteria. At the time, the foreclosure is completed, the Company obtains a current external appraisal.

Assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 are included in the table below:

(Dollars in thousands)	September 30, 2018 — Level I	Level II	Level III	Total
Impaired loans	$ —	$ —	$ 13,860	$ 13,860
Other real estate owned	—	—	1,750	1,750

(Dollars in thousands)	December 31, 2017 — Level I	Level II	Level III	Total
Impaired loans	$ —	$ —	$ 14,368	$ 14,368
Other real estate owned	—	—	1,346	1,346

The following tables presents quantitative information about the Level III significant unobservable inputs for assets and liabilities measured at fair value at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 .

(Dollars in thousands)	Quantitative Information about Level III Fair Value Measurements — Fair Value	Valuation Technique	Unobservable Input	Range
September 30, 2018
Nonrecurring measurements:
Impaired loans	$ 13,860	Appraisal of collateral 1	Appraisal adjustments 2	20% - 62%
			Liquidation expense 2	5% - 10%
Other real estate owned	$ 1,750	Appraisal of collateral 1	Appraisal adjustments 2	20% - 30%
			Liquidation expense 2	5% - 10%
Recurring measurements:
Municipal securities	$ 29,324	Appraisal of bond 3	Bond appraisal adjustment 4	5% - 15%
Interest rate lock commitments	$ 1,672	Pricing model	Pull through rates	76% - 92%

(Dollars in thousands)	Quantitative Information about Level III Fair Value Measurements — Fair Value	Valuation Technique	Unobservable Input	Range
December 31, 2017
Nonrecurring measurements:
Impaired loans	$ 14,368	Appraisal of collateral 1	Appraisal adjustments 2	20% - 62%
			Liquidation expense 2	5% - 10%
Other real estate owned	$ 1,346	Appraisal of collateral 1	Appraisal adjustments 2	20% - 30%
			Liquidation expense 2	5% - 10%
Recurring measurements:
Municipal securities	$ 22,909	Appraisal of bond 3	Bond appraisal adjustment 4	5% - 15%
Interest rate lock commitments	$ 1,426	Pricing model	Pull through rates	73% - 85%

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1 Fair value is generally determined through independent appraisals of the underlying collateral, which generally include various level III inputs which are not identifiable.

2 Appraisals may be adjusted by management for qualitative factors such as economic conditions and estimated liquidation expenses. The range and weighted average of liquidation expenses and other appraisal adjustments are presented as a percent of the appraisal.

3 Fair value determined through independent analysis of liquidity, rating, yield and duration.

4 Appraisals may be adjusted for qualitative factors such as local economic conditions.

Estimated fair values have been determined by the Company using historical data, as generally provided in the Company’s regulatory reports, and an estimation methodology suitable for each category of financial instruments. The Company’s fair value estimates, methods and assumptions are set forth below for the Company’s other financial instruments.

• Cash and cash equivalents: – The carrying amounts for cash and cash equivalents approximate fair value because they have original maturities of 90 days or less and do not present unanticipated credit concerns.

• Certificates of deposits – The fair values for certificates of deposits are computed based on scheduled future cash flows of principal and interest, discounted at interest rates currently offered for certificates of deposits with similar terms of investors. No prepayments of principal are assumed.

• Securities available-for-sale and equity securities – U.S. treasury, government agency, mortgage-backed securities, certain municipal securities, and corporate bonds are generally measured at fair value using a third-party pricing service or recent comparable market transactions in similar or identical securities and are classified as Level II instruments. Equity securities are measured at fair value using observable closing prices and are classified as Level I instruments if they are traded on a heavily active market and as Level II instruments if the observable closing price is from a less than active market. Certain local municipal securities related to tax increment financing (“TIF”) are independently valued and classified as Level III instruments.

• Loans held for sale – Loans held for sale are reported at fair value. These loans currently consist of one-to-four-family residential loans originated for sale in the secondary market. Fair value is based on committed market rates or the price secondary markets are currently offering for similar loans using observable market data. (Level II)

• Loans – The fair values for loans are computed based on scheduled future cash flows of principal and interest, discounted at interest rates currently offered for loans with similar terms of borrowers of similar credit quality. Additionally, to be consistent with the requirements under FASB ASC Topic 820 for Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, the loans were valued at a price that represents the Company's exit price or the price at which these instruments would be sold or transferred.

• Mortgage servicing rights – The carrying value of mortgage servicing rights approximates their fair value due to the immateriality of the balance.

• Interest rate lock commitment – For mortgage interest rate locks, the fair value is based on either (i) the price of the underlying loans obtained from an investor for loans that will be delivered on a best efforts basis or (ii) the observable price for individual loans traded in the secondary market for loans that will be delivered on a mandatory basis less (iii) expected costs to deliver the interest rate locks, any expected “pull through rate” is multiplied by this calculation to estimate the derivative value.

• Mortgage-backed security hedges – MBS hedges are used to mitigate interest rate risk for residential mortgage loans held for sale and interest rate locks and manage expected funding percentages. These instruments are considered derivatives and are recorded at fair value based on observable market data of the individual mortgage-backed securities.

• Interest rate cap – The fair value of the interest rate cap is determined at the end of each quarter by using Bloomberg Finance which values the interest rate cap using observable inputs from forward and futures yield curves as well as standard market volatility.

• Interest rate swap – Interest rate swaps are recorded at fair value based on third party vendors who compile prices from various sources and may determine fair value of identical or similar instruments by using pricing models that consider observable market data.

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• Accrued interest receivable and payable and repurchase agreements – The carrying values of accrued interest receivable and payable approximate their fair values.

• Deposits – The fair values of demand deposits (i.e., noninterest bearing checking, NOW and money market), savings accounts and other variable rate deposits approximate their carrying values. Fair values of fixed maturity deposits are estimated using a discounted cash flow methodology at rates currently offered for deposits with similar remaining maturities. Any intangible value of long-term relationships with depositors is not considered in estimating the fair values disclosed.

• FHLB and other borrowings – The fair values for loans are computed based on scheduled future cash flows of principal and interest, discounted at interest rates currently offered for loans with similar terms of borrowers of similar credit quality. No prepayments of principal are assumed.

• Subordinated debt – The fair values for debt are computed based on scheduled future cash flows of principal and interest, discounted at interest rates currently offered for debt with similar terms of borrowers of similar credit quality. No prepayments of principal are assumed.

• Off-balance sheet instruments – The fair values of commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit are estimated using the fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of agreements and the present credit standing of the counterparties. The amounts of fees currently charged on commitments and standby letters of credit are deemed insignificant, and therefore, the estimated fair values and carrying values are not shown.

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The carrying values and estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments are summarized as follows:

Fair Value Measurements at: — (Dollars in thousands)	Carrying Value	Estimated Fair Value	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level I)	Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level II)	Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level III)
September 30, 2018
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 22,045	$ 22,045	$ 22,045	$ —	$ —
Certificates of deposits with other banks	14,778	14,370	—	14,370	—
Securities available-for-sale	216,714	216,714	—	187,390	29,324
Equity securities	9,592	9,592	6,020	—	3,572
Loans held for sale	63,706	63,706	—	63,706	—
Loans, net	1,285,021	1,273,339	—	—	1,273,339
Mortgage servicing rights	175	175	—	—	175
Interest rate lock commitment	1,672	1,672	—	—	1,672
Interest rate swap	387	387	—	387	—
Interest rate cap	63	63	—	63	—
Accrued interest receivable	6,185	6,185	—	1,767	4,418
Mortgage-backed security hedges	470	470	—	470	—
Financial liabilities:
Deposits	$ 1,379,186	$ 1,317,934	$ —	$ 1,317,934	$ —
Repurchase agreements	15,755	15,755	—	15,755	—
FHLB and other borrowings	122,000	122,017	—	122,017	—
Interest rate swap	387	387	—	387	—
Accrued interest payable	911	911	—	911	—
Subordinated debt	18,524	19,304	—	19,304	—
December 31, 2017
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 20,305	$ 20,305	$ 20,305	$ —	$ —
Certificates of deposits with other banks	14,778	14,695	—	14,695	—
Securities available-for-sale	231,507	231,507	1,607	206,091	23,809
Loans held for sale	66,794	66,794	—	66,794	—
Loans, net	1,096,063	1,093,824	—	—	1,093,824
Mortgage servicing rights	182	182	—	—	182
Interest rate lock commitment	1,426	1,426	—	—	1,426
Interest rate swap	268	268	—	268	—
Interest rate cap	33	33	—	33	—
Accrued interest receivable	5,296	5,296	—	1,241	4,055
Financial liabilities:
Deposits	$ 1,159,580	$ 1,126,615	$ —	$ 1,126,615	$ —
Repurchase agreements	22,403	22,403	—	22,403	—
FHLB and other borrowings	152,169	152,190	—	152,190	—
Mortgage-backed security hedges	78	78	—	78	—
Interest rate swap	268	268	—	268	—
Accrued interest payable	643	643	—	643	—
Subordinated debt	33,524	35,117	—	35,117	—

Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information about the financial instrument. These estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale at one time the Company’s entire holdings of a particular financial instrument. Because no market exists for a significant portion of the Company’s financial instruments, fair value estimates are based on judgments regarding future expected loss experience, current economic conditions, risk characteristics of various financial instruments and other factors. These estimates are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and therefore, cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the

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estimates. Fair value estimates are based on existing on-and-off balance sheet financial instruments without attempting to estimate the value of anticipated future business and the value of assets and liabilities that are not considered financial instruments.

Note 7 – Stock Offerings

On March 13, 2017, the Company entered into an Investment Agreement (the “Investment Agreement”) with its Chief Executive Officer, Larry F. Mazza (“Mazza”). Pursuant to the Investment Agreement, Mazza committed to subscribe for and purchase, at the Subscription Price, upon expiration of the Rights Offering, the number of shares of the Company’s common stock, if any, equal to the amount by which 100,000 exceeds the number of shares purchased by Mazza in the Rights Offering. Pursuant to the Investment Agreement, Mazza agreed not to sell or otherwise transfer any shares acquired in connection with the Investment Agreement for a period of six months following the closing of the Rights Offering.

Larry F. Mazza purchased 100,000 shares of the Company's common stock: 90,999 under the rights offering and 9,001 shares under the Investment Agreement.

On March 13, 2017, the Company filed with the SEC a prospectus supplement and accompanying base prospectus (collectively, the “Prospectus”) relating to the commencement of the Company’s rights offering (the “Rights Offering”), pursuant to which the Company distributed, at no charge, non-transferable subscription rights to the holders of its common stock as of 5:00 p.m., Eastern time, on March 10, 2017. The subscription rights were exercisable for up to a total of 434,783 shares of the Company’s common stock, subject to such terms and conditions as further described in the Prospectus.

On April 20, 2017, the Company announced the completion of the rights offering, which expired at 5:00 p.m. Eastern time on April 14, 2017. All 434,783 shares offered in the rights offering were subscribed for, resulting in new capital of approximately $5.0 million . Computershare, who served as subscription agent, completed its review and tabulation of subscriptions on April 19, 2017. Computershare issued the shares acquired in the rights offering by book entry in the Company's stock ownership records, which are maintained by Computershare, as transfer agent, on or about April 20, 2017.

On December 5, 2016, the Company entered into Securities Purchase Agreements with certain accredited investors. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreements, the Investors agreed to purchase an aggregate of 1,913,044 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $1.00 per share, at a price of $11.50 per share, as part of a private placement (the “Private Placement”). The Private Placement closed on December 6, 2016. The gross proceeds to the Company from the Private Placement were approximately $22 million or $20.5 million after stock issuance costs. The proceeds from the Private Placement were used by the Company to pay related transaction fees and expenses and for general corporate purposes. A portion of the proceeds were used for the redemption of the preferred stock issued to the United States Department of Treasury in connection with the Company’s participation in the Small Business Lending Fund.

The Purchase Agreements contain representations and warranties and covenants of the Company and the Investors that are customary in private placement transactions. The provisions of the Purchase Agreements also include an agreement by the Company to indemnify the Investors against certain liabilities.

The Purchase Agreements required the Company to file a registration statement with the SEC to register for resale the 1,913,044 shares of common stock issued to the Investors in the Private Placement. The registration statement was declared effective by the SEC on December 27, 2016.

On June 30, 2014 , the Company filed Certificates of Designations for its Convertible Noncumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series B (“Class B Preferred”) and its Convertible Noncumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series C (“Class C Preferred”). The Class B Preferred Certificate designated 400 shares of preferred stock as Class B Preferred shares. The Class B Preferred shares carry an annual dividend rate of 6% and are convertible into shares of Company common stock within 30 days after the first, second, third, fourth and fifth anniversaries of the original issue date, based on a common stock price of $16 per share, as adjusted for future corporate activities. On December 28, 2017, the Company distributed a notice to each of the holders of the Class B Preferred Stock regarding the Company's agreement to waive the timing requirements associated with when a conversion may occur and, instead, the Company will accept notices of conversion at any time prior to July 30, 2019, which is the final conversion date for the Preferred Stock. The Class B Preferred shares are redeemable by the Company on or after the fifth anniversary of the original issue date for Liquidation Amount, as defined therein, plus declared and unpaid dividends. Redemption is subject to any necessary regulatory approvals. In the event of liquidation of the Company, shares of Class B Preferred stock shall be junior to creditors of the Company and to the shares of Senior Noncumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series A. Holders of Class B Preferred shares shall have no voting rights, except for authorization of senior shares of stock, amendment to the Class B Preferred shares, share exchanges, reclassifications or changes of control, or as required by law.

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The Class C Preferred Certificate designated 383.4 shares of preferred stock as Class C Preferred shares. The Class C Preferred shares carry an annual dividend rate of 6.5% and are convertible into shares of Company common stock within 30 days after the first, second, third, fourth and fifth anniversaries of the original issue date, based on a common stock price of $16 per share, as adjusted for future corporate activities. On December 28, 2017, the Company distributed a notice to each of the holders of the Class C Preferred Stock regarding the Company's agreement to waive the timing requirements associated with when a conversion may occur and, instead, the Company will accept notices of conversion at any time prior to July 30, 2019, which is the final conversion date for the Preferred Stock. The Class C Preferred shares are redeemable by the Company on or after the fifth anniversary of the original issue date for Liquidation Amount, as defined therein, plus declared and unpaid dividends. Redemption is subject to any necessary regulatory approvals. In the event of liquidation of the Company, shares of Class C Preferred stock shall be junior to creditors of the Company and to the shares of Senior Noncumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series A, and the Class B Preferred shares. Holders of Class C Preferred shares shall have no voting rights, except for authorization of senior shares of stock, amendment to the Class C Preferred shares, share exchanges, reclassifications, or changes of control, or as required by law. The proceeds of these preferred stock offerings will be used to support continued growth of the Company and its subsidiaries.

On September 8, 2011 MVB received $8.5 million in Small Business Lending Fund (SBLF) capital. MVB issued 8,500 shares of $1,000 per share preferred stock with dividends payable in arrears on January 1, April 1, July 1, and October 1 each year. MVB's loan production qualified for the lowest dividend rate possible of 1% . MVB may continue to utilize the SBLF capital through March 8, 2016 at the 1% dividend rate. After that time, if the SBLF is not retired, the dividend rate increases to 9% . On January 5, 2017, the Company redeemed all of the 8,500 shares of its Senior Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series A, liquidation amount $1,000 per share (“Series A Preferred Stock”). The aggregate redemption price of the Series A Preferred Stock was $8,508,500 , including dividends accrued, but unpaid through, but not including the redemption date. The Series A Preferred Stock was redeemed from the Company’s surplus capital and approved by the Company’s primary federal regulator. The redemption terminated the Company’s participation in the SBLF program. After the redemption, the Company’s capital ratios remained well in excess of those required for well capitalized status.

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Note 8 – Net Income Per Common Share

The Company determines basic earnings per share by dividing net income less preferred stock dividends by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is determined by dividing net income less dividends on convertible preferred stock plus interest on convertible subordinated debt by the weighted average number of shares outstanding increased by both the number of shares that would be issued assuming the exercise of stock options or restricted stock unit awards under the Company’s 2003 and 2013 Stock Incentive Plans and the conversion of preferred stock and subordinated debt if dilutive.

(Dollars in thousands except shares and per share data)	Nine Months Ended September 30, — 2018	2017	Three Months Ended September 30, — 2018	2017
Numerator for basic earnings per share:
Net income	$ 9,004	$ 6,152	$ 3,579	$ 2,318
Less: Dividends on preferred stock	366	374	123	123
Net income available to common shareholders - basic	$ 8,638	$ 5,778	$ 3,456	$ 2,195
Numerator for diluted earnings per share:
Net income available to common shareholders - basic	$ 8,638	$ 5,778	$ 3,456	$ 2,195
Add: Dividends on convertible preferred stock	366	—	123	—
Add: Interest on subordinated debt (tax effected)	—	—	228	352
Net income available to common shareholders - diluted	$ 9,004	$ 5,778	$ 3,807	$ 2,547
Denominator:
Total average shares outstanding	10,845,166	10,262,944	11,416,202	10,443,443
Effect of dilutive convertible preferred stock	489,625	—	489,625	—
Effect of dilutive convertible subordinated debt	—	—	900,000	1,837,500
Effect of dilutive stock options and restrictive stock units	355,523	25,590	307,432	129,127
Total diluted average shares outstanding	11,690,314	10,288,534	13,113,259	12,410,070
Earnings per share - basic	$ 0.80	$ 0.56	$ 0.30	$ 0.21
Earnings per share - diluted	$ 0.77	$ 0.56	$ 0.29	$ 0.21

For the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 , approximately 900 thousand and 2.3 million , respectively, of options to purchase shares of common stock were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because the effect would be antidilutive.

For the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 , approximately 0 and 490 thousand , respectively, of options to purchase shares of common stock were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because the effect would be antidilutive.

For the nine and three months ended September 30, 2018 , approximately 44 thousand shares and 54 thousand shares, respectively, of restricted stock units were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because the effect would be antidilutive.

Note 9 – Segment Reporting

The Company has identified three reportable segments: commercial and retail banking; mortgage banking; and financial holding company. Revenue from commercial and retail banking activities consists primarily of interest earned on loans and investment securities and service charges on deposit accounts. Revenue from financial holding company activities is mainly comprised of intercompany service income and dividends.

Revenue from the mortgage banking activities is comprised of interest earned on loans and fees received as a result of the mortgage origination process. The mortgage banking services are conducted by MVB Mortgage.

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Information about the reportable segments and reconciliation to the consolidated financial statements for the three and six-month periods ended September 30, 2018 and September 30, 2017 are as follows:

Three Months Ended September 30, 2018	Commercial & Retail Banking	Mortgage Banking		Financial Holding Company		Intercompany Eliminations		Consolidated
(Dollars in thousands)
Revenues:
Interest income	$ 16,506	$ 1,763		$ 1		$ (94	)	$ 18,176
Mortgage fee income	152	9,246		—		(390	)	9,008
Other income	2,203	(738	)	1,706		(1,668	)	1,503
Total operating income	18,861	10,271		1,707		(2,152	)	28,687
Expenses:
Interest expense	3,664	1,138		333		(483	)	4,652
Salaries and employee benefits	3,493	6,047		1,980		—		11,520
Provision for loan losses	1,025	44		—		—		1,069
Other expense	5,274	2,147		1,145		(1,669	)	6,897
Total operating expenses	13,456	9,376		3,458		(2,152	)	24,138
Income (loss) before income taxes	5,405	895		(1,751	)	—		4,549
Income tax expense (benefit)	1,121	229		(380	)	—		970
Net income (loss)	$ 4,284	$ 666		$ (1,371	)	$ —		$ 3,579
Preferred stock dividends	—	—		123		—		123
Net income (loss) available to common shareholders	4,284	666		(1,494	)	—		3,456
Capital Expenditures for the three-month period ended September 30, 2018	$ 808	$ 128		$ 65		$ —		$ 1,001
Total Assets as of September 30, 2018	1,722,542	170,931		191,033		(361,402	)	1,723,104
Total Assets as of December 31, 2017	1,533,497	149,323		184,599		(333,117	)	1,534,302
Goodwill as of September 30, 2018	1,598	16,882		—		—		18,480
Goodwill as of December 31, 2017	1,598	16,882		—		—		18,480

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Three Months Ended September 30, 2017	Commercial & Retail Banking	Mortgage Banking		Financial Holding Company		Intercompany Eliminations		Consolidated
(Dollars in thousands)
Revenues:
Interest income	$ 13,432	$ 1,352		$ 1		$ (155	)	$ 14,630
Mortgage fee income	200	10,042		—		(224	)	10,018
Other income	1,466	(1,279	)	1,250		(1,297	)	140
Total operating income	15,098	10,115		1,251		(1,676	)	24,788
Expenses:
Interest expense	2,347	684		565		(380	)	3,216
Salaries and employee benefits	3,107	6,768		1,374		—		11,249
Provision for loan losses	—	96		—		—		96
Other expense	4,822	2,100		1,091		(1,296	)	6,717
Total operating expenses	10,276	9,648		3,030		(1,676	)	21,278
Income (loss) before income taxes	4,822	467		(1,779	)	—		3,510
Income tax expense (benefit)	1,605	191		(604	)	—		1,192
Net income (loss)	$ 3,217	$ 276		$ (1,175	)	$ —		$ 2,318
Preferred stock dividends	—	—		123		—		123
Net income (loss) available to common shareholders	3,217	276		(1,298	)	—		2,195
Capital Expenditures for the three-month period ended September 30, 2017	$ 109	$ 129		$ 151		$ —		$ 389
Total Assets as of September 30, 2017	1,466,845	140,954		183,231		(319,440	)	1,471,590
Total Assets as of December 31, 2016	1,415,735	122,242		180,335		(299,508	)	1,418,804
Goodwill as of September 30, 2017	1,598	16,882		—		—		18,480
Goodwill as of December 31, 2016	1,598	16,882		—		—		18,480

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Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018	Commercial & Retail Banking	Mortgage Banking	Financial Holding Company		Intercompany Eliminations		Consolidated
(Dollars in thousands)
Revenues:
Interest income	$ 45,772	$ 4,870	$ 3		$ (471	)	$ 50,174
Mortgage fee income	444	25,071	—		(881	)	24,634
Other income	5,052	485	4,748		(4,574	)	5,711
Total operating income	51,268	30,426	4,751		(5,926	)	80,519
Expenses:
Interest expense	9,503	2,945	1,433		(1,351	)	12,530
Salaries and employee benefits	10,946	18,289	5,252		—		34,487
Provision for loan losses	2,067	81	—		—		2,148
Other expense	14,803	6,566	3,124		(4,575	)	19,918
Total operating expenses	37,319	27,881	9,809		(5,926	)	69,083
Income (loss) before income taxes	13,949	2,545	(5,058	)	—		11,436
Income tax expense (benefit)	2,932	654	(1,154	)	—		2,432
Net income (loss)	$ 11,017	$ 1,891	$ (3,904	)	$ —		$ 9,004
Preferred stock dividends	—	—	366		—		366
Net income (loss) available to common shareholders	11,017	1,891	(4,270	)	—		8,638
Capital Expenditures for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2018	$ 1,820	$ 235	$ 109		$ —		$ 2,164
Total Assets as of September 30, 2018	1,722,542	170,931	191,033		(361,402	)	1,723,104
Total Assets as of December 31, 2017	1,533,497	149,323	184,599		(333,117	)	1,534,302
Goodwill as of September 30, 2018	1,598	16,882	—		—		18,480
Goodwill as of December 31, 2017	1,598	16,882	—		—		18,480

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Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017	Commercial & Retail Banking	Mortgage Banking		Financial Holding Company		Intercompany Eliminations		Consolidated
(Dollars in thousands)
Revenues:
Interest income	$ 38,651	$ 3,206		$ 3		$ (348	)	$ 41,512
Mortgage fee income	573	28,616		—		(585	)	28,604
Other income	4,074	(1,973	)	3,768		(3,924	)	1,945
Total operating income	43,298	29,849		3,771		(4,857	)	72,061
Expenses:
Interest expense	6,635	1,521		1,674		(932	)	8,898
Salaries and employee benefits	9,030	19,870		4,109		—		33,009
Provision for loan losses	966	171		—		—		1,137
Other expense	14,539	6,244		2,919		(3,925	)	19,777
Total operating expenses	31,170	27,806		8,702		(4,857	)	62,821
Income (loss) before income taxes	12,128	2,043		(4,931	)	—		9,240
Income tax expense (benefit)	3,931	827		(1,670	)	—		3,088
Net income (loss)	$ 8,197	$ 1,216		$ (3,261	)	$ —		$ 6,152
Preferred stock dividends	—	—		374		—		374
Net income (loss) available to common shareholders	8,197	1,216		(3,635	)	—		5,778
Capital Expenditures for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2017	$ 2,709	$ 1,102		$ 197		$ —		$ 4,008
Total Assets as of September 30, 2017	1,466,845	140,954		183,231		(319,440	)	1,471,590
Total Assets as of December 31, 2016	1,415,735	122,242		180,335		(299,508	)	1,418,804
Goodwill as of September 30, 2017	1,598	16,882		—		—		18,480
Goodwill as of December 31, 2016	1,598	16,882		—		—		18,480

Commercial & Retail Banking

For the three months ended September 30 , 2018 , the Commercial & Retail Banking segment earned $4.3 million compared to $3.2 million in 2017 . Net interest income increased by $1.8 million , primarily the result of an increase of $2.6 million in interest and fees on loans. This increase in interest income was partially offset by an increase of $1.0 million in interest on deposits. Noninterest income increased by $689 thousand which was the result of an increase of $369 thousand in income on bank owned life insurance and an increase of $624 thousand in holding gain on equity securities. These increases were partially offset by a decrease of $259 thousand in gain on sale of portfolio loans and a decrease of $102 thousand in gain on sale of securities. Noninterest expense increased by $838 thousand , primarily the result of an increase of $386 thousand in salaries and employee benefits expense, an incre ase of $392 thousand in other operating expenses, and an increase of $219 thousand in professional fees. These increases were partially offset by a decrease of $85 thousand in printing, postage, and supplies and a decrease of $16 thousand in data processing and communications expense. In addition, provision expense increased by $1.0 million due to increased loan volume in the third quarter of 2018 versus the same quarter in 2017, slightly reduced historical loan loss rates, increased specific loan loss allocations, and a lower level of charge-offs in the third quarter of 2018 versus 2017.

For the nine months ended September 30 , 2018 , the Commercial & Retail Banking segment earned $11.0 million compared to $8.2 million in 2017 . Net interest income increased by $4.3 million , primarily the result of an increase of $5.5 million in interest and fees on loans, an increase of $770 thousand in interest on taxable investment securities, and an increase of $775 thousand in interest on tax exempt loans and securities. This increase in interest income was partially offset by an increase of $2.0 million in interest on deposits and an increase of $889 thousand in interest on FHLB and other borrowings. Noninterest income increased by $849 thousand which was the result of an increase of $505 thousand in income on bank owned life insurance, an increase of $265 thousand in the performance of the interest rate cap, an increase of $165 thousand in Visa debit card and interchange income, and an increase of $182 thousand in service charges on deposit accounts, which were partially offset by a decrease of $313 thousand in the gain on sale of securities. Noninterest expense increased by $2.2 million , primarily the result of an increase of $1.9 million in salaries and employee benefits expense and an increase of $771 thousand in other operating expenses. These increases were partially offset by a decrease of $431 thousand in data processing and communications expense. In addition, provision expense increased $1.1 million due to increased loan volume in the first nine months of 2018 versus the same time period in 2017, slightly reduced historical loan loss rates, increased specific loan loss allocations, and a lower level of charge-offs in the nine months ended September 30, 2018 versus

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the same time frame in 2017.

Mortgage Banking

For the three months ended September 30 , 2018 , the Mortgage Banking segment earned $666 thousand compared to $276 thousand in 2017 . Net interest income decreased $43 thousand , which was the result of an increase of $454 thousand in interest on FHLB and other borrowings due to an increase of $23.8 million in average borrowings and an increase in short-term borrowing rates, which was partially offset by an increase of $410 thousand in interest and fees on loans. Noninterest income decreased by $255 thousand , primarily the result of a decrease of $796 thousand in mortgage fee income, which was partially offset by an increase of $541 thousand in the gain on derivative. The decrease in mortgage fee income was driven by the decrease of mortgage production volume, which decreased by $26.3 million or 6.6% for the three months ended September 30 , 2018 compared to the three months ended September 30 , 2017 . This was offset by the gain on derivatives of $541 thousand , which was largely the result of an increase of $832 thousand in the valuation of the open trades used to hedge the derivative asset during the three months ended September 30 , 2018 compared to a decrease of $437 thousand in the valuation of the open trades used to hedge the derivative asset during the three three months ended September 30 , 2017 . This was partially offset by a $1.2 million decrease in the derivative asset, as the locked pipeline related to the derivative asset decreased 19.6% in the third quarter of 2018 compared to a decrease of 20.1% in the third quarter of 2017 . Noninterest expense decreased by $674 thousand , which was the result of a decrease of $721 thousand in salaries and employee benefits expense, which was partially offset by an increase of $50 thousand in mortgage processing expense. The decrease in salaries and employee benefits expense was primarily the result of a decrease in the overall contractual commissions to loan officers and management, as well as a decrease of $149 thousand in the earn out paid to management of the mortgage company related to the 2012 acquisition.

For the nine months ended September 30 , 2018 , the Mortgage Banking segment earned $1.9 million compared to $1.2 million in 2017 . Net interest income increased by $240 thousand , primarily the result of an increase of $1.7 million in interest and fees on loans, offset by an increase of $1.4 million in interest on FHLB and other borrowings due to an increase of $37.5 million in average borrowings and an increase in short-term borrowing rates. Noninterest income decreased by $1.1 million , primarily the result of a decrease of $3.5 million in mortgage fee income, partially offset by an increase of $2.5 million in gain on derivatives. The decrease in mortgage fee income was driven by the decrease of mortgage production volume, which decreased by $60.5 million or 5.2% for the nine months ended September 30 , 2018 compared to the nine months ended September 30 , 2017 . This was offset by the increase in gain on derivatives of $2.5 million , which was largely the result of a 34.0% increase in the locked mortgage pipeline for the nine months ended September 30 , 2018 compared to a 17.5% decrease in the locked mortgage pipeline for the nine months ended September 30 , 2017 . Noninterest expense decreased by $1.3 million , which was the result of a decrease of $1.6 million in salaries and employee benefits expense, which was partially offset by an increase of $296 thousand in mortgage processing expense. The decrease in salaries and employee benefits expense was primarily the result of lower commissions paid due to a 5.2% decrease in mortgage closed loan volume and a decrease of $479 thousand in the earn out paid to management of the mortgage company related to the 2012 acquisition.

Financial Holding Company

For the three months ended September 30 , 2018 , the Financial Holding Company segment lost $1.4 million compared to a loss of $1.2 million in 2017 . Interest expense decreased $232 thousand , noninterest income increased $456 thousand , and n oninterest expense increased $660 thousand . In addition, the income tax benefit decreased $224 thousand . The increase in noninterest income was primarily the result of an increase of $373 thousand in intercompany services income related to Regulation W and an increase of $84 thousand in other operating income. The increase in noninterest expense was primarily the result of an increase of $606 thousand in salaries and employee benefits expense and an increase of $150 thousand in travel, entertainment, dues, and subscriptions.

For the nine months ended September 30 , 2018 , the Financial Holding Company segment lost $3.9 million compared to a loss of $3.3 million in 2017 . Interest expense decreased $241 thousand , noninterest income increased $980 thousand , and noninterest expense increased $1.3 million . In addition, the income tax benefit decreased $516 thousand . The increase in noninterest income was primarily the result of an increase of $651 thousand in intercompany services income related to Regulation W, an increase of $186 thousand in gain on sale of securities, an increase of $75 thousand in other operating income, and a $69 thousand holding gain on available-for-sale equity securities. The increase in noninterest expense was primarily the result of an increase of $1.1 million in salaries and employee benefits expense and an increase of $400 thousand in travel, entertainment, dues, and subscriptions, which were partially offset by a decrease of $115 thousand in professional fees.

Note 10 – Pension and Supplemental Executive Retirement Plans

The Company participates in a trusteed pension plan known as the Allegheny Group Retirement Plan covering virtually all full-time employees. Benefits are based on years of service and the employee's compensation. Accruals under the Plan were frozen as of

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May 31, 2014 . Freezing the plan resulted in a re-measurement of the pension obligations and plan assets as of the freeze date. The pension obligation was re-measured using the discount rate based on the Citigroup Above Median Pension Discount Curve in effect on May 31, 2014 of 4.46% .

Information pertaining to the activity in the Company’s defined benefit plan, using the latest available actuarial valuations with a measurement date of September 30, 2018 and 2017 is as follows:

(Dollars in thousands) — Service cost	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 — $ —		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 — $ —		Three Months Ended September 30, 2018 — $ —		Three Months Ended September 30, 2017 — $ —
Interest cost	264		270		88		90
Expected Return on Plan Assets	(279	)	(258	)	(93	)	(86	)
Amortization of Net Actuarial Loss	230		180		77		60
Amortization of Prior Service Cost	—		—		—		—
Net Periodic Benefit Cost	$ 215		$ 192		$ 72		$ 64
Contributions Paid	$ 337		$ 261		$ 179		$ 145

On June 19, 2017, the Company and MVB Mortgage approved a Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (“SERP”), pursuant to which the Chief Executive Officer of MVB Mortgage is entitled to receive certain supplemental nonqualified retirement benefits. The SERP took effect on December 31, 2017. If executive completes three years of continuous employment with MVB Mortgage prior to retirement date (which shall be no earlier than the date he attains age 55) he will, upon retirement, be entitled to receive $1.8 million payable in 180 equal consecutive installments of $10 thousand . The liability is calculated by discounting the anticipated future cash flows at 4.0% . The liability accrued for this obligation was $283 thousand and $1 thousand as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , respectively. Service cost was $94 thousand and $282 thousand for the three and nine -month periods ended September 30, 2018 , respectively.

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Note 11 – Comprehensive Income

The following tables present the components of accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 :

(Dollars in thousands) — Details about AOCI Components	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 — Amount Reclassified from AOCI		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 — Amount Reclassified from AOCI		Three Months Ended September 30, 2018 — Amount Reclassified from AOCI		Three Months Ended September 30, 2017 — Amount Reclassified from AOCI		Affected line item in the Statement where Net Income is presented
Available-for-sale securities
Unrealized holding gains	$ 327		$ 455		$ 1		$ 105		Gain on sale of securities
	327		455		1		105		Total before tax
	(88	)	(182	)	—		(42	)	Income tax expense
	239		273		1		63		Net of tax
Defined benefit pension plan items
Amortization of net actuarial loss	(230	)	(180	)	(77	)	(60	)	Salaries and benefits
	(230	)	(180	)	(77	)	(60	)	Total before tax
	62		72		21		24		Income tax expense
	(168	)	(108	)	(56	)	(36	)	Net of tax
Total reclassifications	$ 71		$ 165		$ (55	)	$ 27

(Dollars in thousands) — Balance at December 31, 2017	Unrealized gains (losses) on available for-sale securities — $ (5	)	Defined benefit pension plan items — $ (2,983	)	Total — $ (2,988	)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassification	(5,443	)	542		(4,901	)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	(239	)	168		(71	)
Net current period OCI	(5,682	)	710		(4,972	)
Stranded AOCI	—		(646	)	(646	)
Mark to Market on equity positions held at December 31, 2017	(98	)	—		(98	)
Balance at September 30, 2018	$ (5,785	)	$ (2,919	)	$ (8,704	)
Balance at June 30, 2018	$ (4,236	)	$ (3,065	)	$ (7,301	)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassification	(1,548	)	90		(1,458	)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	(1	)	56		55
Net current period OCI	(1,549	)	146		(1,403	)
Balance at September 30, 2018	$ (5,785	)	$ (2,919	)	$ (8,704	)
Balance at December 31, 2016	(1,598	)	(2,679	)	(4,277	)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassification	1,895		(310	)	1,585
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	(273	)	108		(165	)
Net current period OCI	1,622		(202	)	1,420
Balance at September 30, 2017	$ 24		$ (2,881	)	$ (2,857	)
Balance at June 30, 2017	$ (9	)	$ (2,881	)	$ (2,890	)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassification	96		(36	)	60
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	(63	)	36		(27	)
Net current period OCI	33		—		33
Balance at September 30, 2017	$ 24		$ (2,881	)	$ (2,857	)

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Item 2 – Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following presents management's discussion and analysis of our consolidated financial condition at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 and the results of our operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 . This discussion should be read in conjunction with our unaudited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this report and the audited consolidated financial statements and the notes to consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report to Shareholders on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 .

Forward-looking Statements:

Statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that are based on other than historical data are forward-looking within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements provide current expectations or forecasts of future events and include, among others:

• statements with respect to the beliefs, plans, objectives, goals, guidelines, expectations, anticipations, and future financial condition, results of operations and performance of the Company and its subsidiaries (collectively “we,” “our,” or “us”), including the Bank; and

• statements preceded by, followed by or that include the words “may,” “could,” “should,” “would,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “projects,” “outlook,” or similar expressions.

These forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance, nor should they be relied upon as representing the Company’s or the Bank management’s views as of any subsequent date. Forward-looking statements involve significant risks and uncertainties (both known and unknown) and actual results may differ materially from those presented, either expressed or implied, including, but not limited to, those presented in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis section. Factors that might cause such differences include, but are not limited to:

• the ability of the Company, the Bank, and MVB Mortgage to successfully execute business plans, manage risks, and achieve objectives;

• changes in local, national and international political and economic conditions, including without limitation changes in the political and economic climate, continued recovery from the recent economic crisis, delay of recovery from that crisis, economic conditions and fiscal imbalances in the United States and other countries, potential or actual downgrades in rating of sovereign debt issued by the United States and other countries, and other major developments, including wars, natural disasters, military actions, and terrorist attacks;

• changes in financial market conditions, either internationally, nationally, or locally in areas in which the Company, the Bank, and MVB Mortgage conduct operations, including without limitation, reduced rates of business formation and growth, commercial and residential real estate development, and real estate prices;

• fluctuations in markets for equity, fixed-income, commercial paper, and other securities, including availability, market liquidity levels, and pricing; changes in interest rates, the quality and composition of the loan and securities portfolios, demand for loan products, deposit flows and competition;

• the ability of the Company, the Bank, and MVB Mortgage to successfully conduct acquisitions and integrate acquired businesses;

• potential difficulties in expanding the businesses of the Company, the Bank, and MVB Mortgage in existing and new markets;

• increases in the levels of losses, customer bankruptcies, bank failures, claims, and assessments;

• changes in fiscal, monetary, regulatory, trade and tax policies and laws, including the recently enacted Tax Reform Act, and regulatory assessments and fees, including policies of the U.S. Department of Treasury, the (Federal Reserve, and the FDIC);

• the impact of executive compensation rules under the Dodd-Frank Act and banking regulations which may impact the ability of the Company and its subsidiaries, and other American financial institutions to retain and recruit executives and other personnel necessary for their businesses and competitiveness;

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• the impact of the Dodd-Frank Act and of new international standards known as Basel III, and rules and regulations thereunder, many of which have not yet been promulgated, on our required regulatory capital and liquidity levels, governmental assessments on us, the scope of business activities in which we may engage, the manner in which the Company, the Bank, and MVB Mortgage engage in such activities, the fees that the Company’s subsidiaries may charge for certain products and services, and other matters affected by the Dodd-Frank Act and these international standards;

• continuing consolidation in the financial services industry; new legal claims against the Company, the Bank, and MVB Mortgage, including litigation, arbitration and proceedings brought by governmental or self-regulatory agencies, or changes in existing legal matters;

• success in gaining regulatory approvals, when required, including for proposed mergers or acquisitions;

• changes in consumer spending and savings habits;

• increased competitive challenges and expanding product and pricing pressures among financial institutions;

• inflation and deflation;

• technological changes and the implementation of new technologies by the Company and its subsidiaries;

• the ability of the Company, the Bank, and MVB Mortgage to develop and maintain secure and reliable information technology systems;

• legislation or regulatory changes which adversely affect the operations or business of the Company, the Bank, and MVB Mortgage;

• the ability of the Company, the Bank, and MVB Mortgage to comply with applicable laws and regulations; changes in accounting policies or procedures as may be required by the Financial Accounting Standards Board or regulatory agencies;

• costs of deposit insurance and changes with respect to FDIC insurance coverage levels; and

• other risks and uncertainties detailed in Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors in the Annual Report to Shareholders on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017

Except to the extent required by law, the Company specifically disclaims any obligation to update any factors or to publicly announce the result of revisions to any of the forward-looking statements included herein to reflect future events or developments.

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Summary of Results of Operations

As of September 30, 2018 and 2017 and for the nine months ended September 30 , 2018 and 2017 :

(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)	Nine Months Ended September 30, — 2018	2017	Three Months Ended September 30, — 2018	2017
Earnings and Per Share Data:
Net income	$ 9,004	$ 6,152	$ 3,579	$ 2,318
Net income available to common shareholders	$ 8,638	$ 5,778	$ 3,456	$ 2,195
Earnings per share - basic	$ 0.80	$ 0.56	$ 0.30	$ 0.21
Earnings per share - diluted	$ 0.77	$ 0.56	$ 0.29	$ 0.21
Cash dividends paid per common share	$ 0.08	$ 0.075	$ 0.030	$ 0.025
Book value per common share	$ 14.13	$ 13.51	$ 14.13	$ 13.51
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic	10,845,166	10,262,944	11,416,202	10,443,443
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted	11,690,314	10,288,534	13,113,259	12,410,070
Performance Ratios:
Return on average assets 1	0.75 %	0.57 %	0.85 %	0.63 %
Return on average equity 1	7.65 %	5.73 %	8.53 %	6.28 %
Net interest margin 2	3.37 %	3.29 %	3.43 %	3.37 %
Efficiency ratio 3	80.02 %	83.57 %	76.63 %	83.28 %
Overhead ratio 1 4	4.52 %	4.91 %	4.38 %	4.87 %
Asset Quality Data and Ratios:
Charge-offs	$ 679	$ 925	$ 294	$ 472
Recoveries	$ 92	$ 83	$ 13	$ 24
Net loan charge-offs to total loans 1 5	0.06 %	0.10 %	0.09 %	0.16 %
Allowance for loan losses	$ 11,439	$ 9,396	$ 11,439	$ 9,396
Allowance for loan losses to total loans 6	0.88 %	0.86 %	0.88 %	0.86 %
Nonperforming loans	$ 12,846	$ 6,559	$ 12,846	$ 6,559
Nonperforming loans to total loans	0.99 %	0.60 %	0.99 %	0.60 %
Capital Ratios:
Equity to assets	9.92 %	10.12 %	9.92 %	10.12 %
Leverage ratio	9.91 %	9.41 %	9.91 %	9.41 %
Common equity Tier 1 capital ratio	11.27 %	10.76 %	11.27 %	10.76 %
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio	12.15 %	11.79 %	12.15 %	11.79 %
Total risk-based capital ratio	14.10 %	15.18 %	14.10 %	15.18 %

1 annualized for the quarterly periods presented

2 net interest income as a percentage of average interest earning assets

3 noninterest expense as a percentage of net interest income and noninterest income

4 noninterest expense as a percentage of average assets

5 charge-offs less recoveries

6 excludes loans held for sale

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Introduction

Corporate Overview

MVB Financial Corp. (“the Company”) is a financial holding company and was organized in 2003. MVB operates principally through its wholly-owned subsidiary, MVB Bank, Inc. (“MVB Bank”). MVB Bank’s operating subsidiaries include MVB Mortgage, MVB Insurance, LLC (“MVB Insurance”), and MVB Community Development Corporation (“CDC”).

MVB Bank was chartered in 1997 and commenced operations in 1999.

In 2012, MVB Bank acquired Potomac Mortgage Group, Inc. (“PMG” which began doing business under the registered trade name “MVB Mortgage”), a mortgage company in the northern Virginia area, and fifty percent (50%) interest in a mortgage services company, Lender Service Provider, LLC (“LSP”). In 2013, this fifty percent interest (50%) in LSP was reduced to a twenty-five percent (25%) interest. In 2017, a forfeiture of a partial interest occurred, which increased the interest owned to thirty-three percent (33%). At this time, LSP began doing business as Lenderworks.

MVB Community Development Corporation was formed in 2017 and was created as a means to provide opportunities for loans and investments that help to increase access to equity capital in under-served urban and rural areas of West Virginia and our market area in Virginia. MVB CDC promotes specific bank-driven economic development strategies, provides for effective support for it’s CRA compliance strategy, and helps to support positive local reputation of the bank through marketing and visible activities in the communities we live and work.

Business Overview

The Company’s primary business activities, through its subsidiaries, are primarily community banking and mortgage banking. The Bank offers its customers a full range of products and services including:

• Various demand deposit accounts, savings accounts, money market accounts, and certificates of deposit;

• Commercial, consumer, and real estate mortgage loans and lines of credit;

• Debit and credit cards;

• Cashier's checks and money orders;

• Safe deposit rental facilities; and

• Non-deposit investment services.

The Company is also involved in new innovative strategies to provide independent banking to corporate clients throughout the United States by leveraging recent investments in Fintech.

The Bank’s financial products and services are offered through its financial service locations and automated teller machines (“ATMs”) in West Virginia and Virginia, as well as telephone and internet-based banking through both personal computers and mobile devices. Non-deposit investment services are offered through an association with a broker-dealer.

Since its opening in 1999, the Bank has experienced significant growth in assets, loans, and deposits due to strong community and customer support in Marion and Harrison counties in West Virginia, expansion into Jefferson, Berkeley, Monongalia, and Kanawha counties in West Virginia and, most recently, into Fairfax and Loudoun counties in Virginia. Since the acquisition of PMG, mortgage banking is now a much more significant focus, which has opened increased market opportunities in the Washington, DC metropolitan region and added enough volume to further diversify the Company’s revenue stream.

This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the prior year-end audited consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Company’s 2017 filing on Form 10-K and the unaudited financial statements, ratios, statistics, and discussions contained elsewhere in this Form 10-Q.

At September 30, 2018 , the Company had 395 full-time equivalent employees.

The Company’s principal office is located at 301 Virginia Avenue, Fairmont, West Virginia 26554, and its telephone number is (304) 363-4800. The Company’s Internet web site is www.mvbbanking.com.

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Application of Critical Accounting Policies

The Company’s consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with U. S. generally accepted accounting principles and follow general practices within the banking industry. Application of these principles requires management to make estimates, assumptions, and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements; accordingly, as this information changes, the consolidated financial statements could reflect different estimates, assumptions, and judgments. Certain policies inherently have a greater reliance on the use of estimates, assumptions, and judgments and as such have a greater possibility of producing results that could be materially different than originally reported. Estimates, assumptions, and judgments are necessary when assets and liabilities are required to be recorded at fair value, when a decline in the value of an asset not carried on the consolidated financial statements at fair value warrants an impairment write-down or valuation reserve to be established, or when an asset or liability needs to be recorded contingent upon a future event. Carrying assets and liabilities at fair value inherently results in more financial statement volatility. The fair values and the information used to record valuation adjustments for certain assets and liabilities are based either on quoted market prices or are provided by other third-party sources, when available. When third-party information is not available, valuation adjustments are estimated in good faith by management primarily through the use of internal forecasting techniques.

The most significant accounting policies followed by the Company are presented in Note 1, “ Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of the Company's 2017 Annual Report on Form 10-K. These policies, along with the disclosures presented in the other financial statement notes and in management’s discussion and analysis of operations, provide information on how significant assets and liabilities are valued in the consolidated financial statements and how those values are determined. Based on the valuation techniques used and the sensitivity of financial statement amounts to the methods, assumptions, and estimates underlying those amounts, management has identified the determination of the allowance for loan losses to be the accounting area that requires the most subjective or complex judgments, and as such could be most subject to revision as new information becomes available.

The allowance for loan losses represents management’s estimate of probable credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio. Determining the amount of the allowance for loan losses is considered a critical accounting estimate because it requires significant judgment and the use of estimates related to the amount and timing of losses inherent in classifications of homogeneous loans based on the Bank’s historical loss experience and consideration of current economic trends and conditions, all of which may be susceptible to significant change. Non-homogeneous loans are specifically evaluated due to the increased risks inherent in those loans. The loan portfolio also represents the largest asset type in the consolidated balance sheet. Note 1, “ Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of the Company's 2017 Annual Report on Form 10-K, describes the methodology used to determine the allowance for loan losses and a discussion of the factors driving changes in the amount of the allowance for loan losses is included in the “Allowance for Loan Losses” section of Item 2, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Results of Operations

Overview of the Statements of Income

For the three months ended September 30 , 2018 , the Company earned $3.6 million compared to $2.3 million in the third quarter of 2017 . Net interest income increased by $2.1 million , noninterest income increased by $353 thousand , and noninterest expenses increased by $451 thousand . The increase in net interest income was driven by an increase of $3.5 million in interest income. The increase in interest income was partially offset by an increase of $1.4 million in interest expense. The increase in interest income was due to average loan growth of $176.3 million with the yield on loans and loans held for sale increasing by 31 basis points, primarily due to an increase in commercial loan yield of 54 basis points and a 29 -basis point increase in yield on investment securities, offset by a 16 -basis point decrease in real estate loans. The $105.7 million increase in average interest-bearing liabilities generated the increase in interest expense of $1.4 million . The increase in interest expense was driven by a $651 thousand increase in borrowings and an increase in interest rates on FHLB and other borrowings, as well as a $711 thousand increase in certificates of deposit, through short-term brokered certificates of deposit, and an increase in the rates of certificates of deposit. FHLB and other borrowings increased by $53.4 million , while the cost of funds on FHLB and other borrowings increased by 89 basis points due to multiple interest rate increases since September 30, 2017 . Certificates of deposit increased by $98.8 million , while the cost of funds on certificates of deposit increased by 41 basis points compared to the three months ended September 30 , 2017 .

The provision for loan losses, which is a product of management's formal quarterly analysis, is recorded in response to inherent losses in the loan portfolio. Loan loss provisions of $1.1 million and $96 thousand were made for the three months ended September 30 , 2018 and 2017 , respectively. The increase in loan loss provision is most attributable to the increase in the specific loan loss

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allocations in the third quarter of 2018, which increased by $526 thousand relative to a $35 thousand increase in the third quarter of 2017. Increased loan volume in the third quarter of 2018 versus the same time period in 2017 was also a significant driver of the need for provision in the three months ended September 30, 2018. Most notably, the commercial loan portfolio increased by $45.2 million for the three months ended September 30 , 2018 , in comparison to $785 thousand for the three months ended September 30 , 2017 . The residential mortgage loan portfolio increased by $37.9 million and decreased $7.9 million, respectively, during these same time periods. Meanwhile, historical loss rates were slightly lower in the third quarter of 2018 versus same time period in 2017 , which resulted in a need for relatively less provision per dollar of new loan growth in the third quarter of 2018 versus the third quarter of 2017 . Meanwhile, total charge offs of $294 thousand in the third quarter of 2018 were $178 thousand less for the three months ended September 30 , 2018 versus the same time period in 2017 .

For the nine months ended September 30 , 2018 , the Company earned $9.0 million compared to $6.2 million for the nine months ended September 30 , 2017 . Net interest income increased by $5.0 million , noninterest income decreased by $204 thousand , and noninterest expenses increased by $1.6 million . The increase in net interest income was driven by an increase of $8.7 million in interest income, which was partially offset by an increase of $3.6 million in interest expense. The increase in interest income was due to average loan growth of $112.6 million , with the yield on loans and loans held for sale increasing by 35 basis points, primarily due to an increase in commercial loan yield of 46 basis points, a 31 -basis point increase in yield on investment securities, and a 14 -basis point increase in real estate loans. The $115.1 million increase in average interest-bearing liabilities generated the increase in interest expense of $3.6 million . The increase in interest expense was driven by a $1.9 million increase in borrowings and an increase in interest rates on FHLB and other borrowings, as well as a $1.1 million increase in certificates of deposit and an increase in the rates of certificates of deposit. FHLB and other borrowings increased by $74.5 million , while the cost of funds on FHLB and other borrowings increased by 78 basis points due to multiple interest rate increases since September 30, 2017 . Certificates of deposit increased by $40.9 million , while the cost of funds on certificates of deposit increased by 33 basis points compared to the nine months ended September 30 , 2017 .

The provision for loan losses, which is a product of management's formal quarterly analysis, is recorded in response to inherent losses in the loan portfolio. Loan loss provisions of $2.1 million and $1.1 million were made for the nine months ended September 30 , 2018 and 2017 , respectively. The significant increase in loan loss provision is most attributable to increased loan volume in the nine months ended September 30 , 2018 versus the same time period in 2017 . Most notably, the commercial loan portfolio increased by $145.4 million in the nine months ended September 30 , 2018 , in comparison to $25.6 million for the nine months ended September 30 , 2017 . Likewise, the residential mortgage loan portfolio increased by $52.5 million and $18.8 million, respectively, during those same time periods. Specific loan loss allocations increased by $388 thousand in the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and decreased by $122 thousand in the nine months ended September 30, 2017, creating a significant variance in the provision required in each of these two periods. Meanwhile, slightly reduced historical loan loss rates resulted in a need for relatively less provision per dollar of new loan growth in nine months ended September 30 , 2018 versus the same time period in 2017 . The reduction in historical loss rates is the result of the rolling quarter loss rate calculation, which no longer includes certain historical quarters which reported some of the Bank's most significant commercial loan losses. The historical loan loss rates have also decreased in the nine months ended September 30 , 2018 as a result of the inclusion of the Bank’s actual loss rates for its Northern Virginia commercial loan portfolio, rather than using only peer loss rates in the historical loan loss rate calculations. Peer loss rates have been used exclusively until such time as the Northern Virginia commercial loan portfolio had accumulated at least twelve quarters of loss history. Specific loan loss allocations decreased in the nine months ended September 30 , 2018 and in the nine months ended September 30 , 2017 , creating very little variance in the provision required in each of these two periods. Lastly, the Company charged off $679 thousand in loans during the nine months ended September 30 , 2018 versus $925 thousand for the same time period in 2017 .

Interest Income and Expense

Net interest income is the amount by which interest income on earning assets exceeds interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities. Interest-earning assets include loans, investment securities, and certificates of deposits in other banks. Interest-bearing liabilities include interest-bearing deposits and repurchase agreements, subordinated debt, and Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB") and other borrowings. Net interest income is a primary source of revenue for the bank. Changes in market interest rates, as well as changes in the mix and volume of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities impact net interest income.

Net interest margin is calculated by dividing net interest income by average interest-earning assets. This ratio serves as a performance measurement of the net interest revenue stream generated by the Company’s balance sheet. The net interest margin continues to face considerable pressure due to rising interest rates and competitive pricing of loans and deposits in the Bank’s markets. In June 2018, the Federal Reserve raised its key interest rate from a range of 1.75% to 2.00% to a range of 2.00% to 2.25% .

For the three months ended September 30 , 2018 versus 2017 , the Company was able to grow average investment securities by $45.3 million to $228.5 million and average loans and loans held for sale balances by $176.3 million to $1.3 billion . Average interest-

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bearing liabilities increased by $105.7 million , primarily the result of a $98.8 million increase in average certificates of deposit balances and a $53.4 million increase in average FHLB and other borrowing balances. An increase in the Company's average non-interest balances of $77.8 million helped to sustain a 23 basis point favorable spread on net interest margin.

The net interest margin for the three months ended September 30 , 2018 and 2017 was 3.43% and 3.37% , respectively. The 6 basis point increase in the net interest margin for the three months ended September 30, 2018 was the result of a 29 basis point increase in yield on average earning assets, primarily the result of a 31 basis point increase in yield on loans and loans held for sale. More specifically, the increase was due to an increase in commercial loan yield of 54 basis points and a 29 basis point increase in yield on investment securities, offset by a 16 basis point decrease in real estate loans. Cost of interest-bearing liabilities for the three months ended September 30, 2018 versus 2017 increased by 35 basis points. The cost of interest-bearing liabilities increase was mainly the result of a 89 basis point increase in FHLB and other borrowings and a 32 basis point increase in interest-bearing deposits. More specifically, the increase in interest-bearing deposits was as follows: a 41 basis point increase in certificates of deposit, a 33 basis point increase in IRAs, an 13 basis point increase in NOW, an 35 basis point increase in money market checking, which was offset by a 16 basis point decrease in savings.

For the nine months ended September 30 , 2018 versus 2017 , the Company was able to grow average investment securities by $56.3 million to $230.3 million and average loans and loans held for sale balances by $112.6 million to $1.2 billion . In addition, the average balance on interest-bearing deposits in banks increased by $679 thousand to $4.2 million . Average interest-bearing liabilities increased by $115.1 million , primarily the result of a $74.5 million increase in average FHLB and other borrowing balances and a $40.9 million increase in average certificates of deposit balances. An increase in the Company’s average non-interest-bearing balances of $41.7 million helped to sustain a 19 basis point favorable spread on net interest margin.

The net interest margin for the nine months ended September 30 , 2018 and 2017 was 3.37% and 3.29% respectively. The 8 basis point increase in the net interest margin for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 was the result of a 30 basis point increase in yield on average earning assets, primarily the result of a 35 basis point increase in yield on loans and loans held for sale. More specifically, the increase was due to an increase in commercial loan yield of 46 basis points, a 31 basis point increase in yield on investment securities, and a 14 basis point increase in real estate loans. Cost of interest-bearing liabilities for the nine months ended September 30 , 2018 versus 2017 increased by 29 basis points. The cost of interest-bearing liabilities increase was mainly the result of a 78 basis point increase in FHLB and other borrowings and a 22 basis point increase in interest-bearing deposits. More specifically, the increase in interest-bearing deposits was as follows: a 33 basis point increase in certificates of deposit, a 26 basis point increase in IRAs, an 17 basis point increase in NOW, a 15 basis point increase in money market checking, which was offset by a 8 basis point decrease in savings.

Company and Bank management continuously monitor the effects of net interest margin on the performance of the Bank and, thus, the Company. Growth and mix of the balance sheet will continue to impact net interest margin in future periods.

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MVB Financial Corp. and Subsidiaries

Average Balances and Interest Rates

(Unaudited) (Dollars in thousands)

(Dollars in thousands)	Three Months Ended September 30, 2018 — Average Balance	Interest Income/Expense	Yield/Cost	Three Months Ended September 30, 2017 — Average Balance	Interest Income/Expense	Yield/Cost
Assets
Interest-bearing deposits in banks	$ 5,178	$ 30	2.30 %	$ 4,484	$ 15	1.33 %
CDs with other banks	14,778	73	1.96	14,711	74	2.00
Investment securities:
Taxable	148,499	869	2.32	126,880	693	2.17
Tax-exempt	79,961	715	3.55	56,264	443	3.12
Loans and loans held for sale: 1
Commercial	883,051	11,323	5.09	762,650	8,742	4.55
Tax exempt	14,231	125	3.48	14,991	130	3.44
Real estate	408,719	4,909	4.77	349,459	4,346	4.93
Consumer	10,844	132	4.83	13,462	187	5.51
Total loans	1,316,845	16,489	4.97	1,140,562	13,405	4.66
Total earning assets	1,565,261	18,176	4.61	1,342,901	14,630	4.32
Less: Allowance for loan losses	(10,717	)		(9,760	)
Cash and due from banks	18,020			17,501
Other assets	108,618			123,898
Total assets	$ 1,681,182			$ 1,474,540
Liabilities
Deposits:
NOW	$ 413,121	$ 773	0.74	$ 436,493	$ 675	0.61
Money market checking	246,624	676	1.09	246,160	458	0.74
Savings	42,760	1	0.01	46,807	20	0.17
IRAs	17,950	75	1.66	16,649	56	1.33
CDs	348,467	1,585	1.80	249,698	874	1.39
Repurchase agreements and federal funds sold	17,911	10	0.22	25,093	20	0.32
FHLB and other borrowings	202,670	1,199	2.35	149,313	548	1.46
Subordinated debt	19,932	333	6.63	33,524	565	6.69
Total interest-bearing liabilities	1,309,435	4,652	1.41	1,203,737	3,216	1.06
Noninterest bearing demand deposits	193,116			115,343
Other liabilities	10,710			7,703
Total liabilities	1,513,261			1,326,783
Stockholders’ equity
Preferred stock	7,834			7,834
Common stock	11,467			10,495
Paid-in capital	113,482			98,289
Treasury stock	(1,084	)		(1,084	)
Retained earnings	43,793			35,152
Accumulated other comprehensive income	(7,571	)		(2,929	)
Total stockholders’ equity	167,921			147,757
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$ 1,681,182			$ 1,474,540
Net interest spread			3.20			3.26
Net interest income-margin		$ 13,524	3.43 %		$ 11,414	3.37 %

1 Non-accrual loans are included in total loan balances, lowering the effective yield for the portfolio in the aggregate.

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(Dollars in thousands)	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 — Average Balance	Interest Income/Expense	Yield/Cost	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 — Average Balance	Interest Income/Expense	Yield/Cost
Assets
Interest-bearing deposits in banks	$ 4,183	$ 64	2.05 %	$ 3,504	$ 37	1.41 %
CDs with other banks	14,778	220	1.99	14,566	213	1.96
Investment securities:
Taxable	151,362	2,655	2.35	118,497	1,884	2.13
Tax-exempt	78,910	2,087	3.54	55,426	1,291	3.11
Loans and loans held for sale: 1
Commercial	830,371	30,582	4.92	744,967	24,854	4.46
Tax exempt	14,318	371	3.46	15,193	392	3.45
Real estate	388,494	13,755	4.73	358,309	12,312	4.59
Consumer	11,731	440	5.01	13,880	529	5.10
Total loans	1,244,914	45,148	4.85	1,132,349	38,087	4.50
Total earning assets	1,494,147	50,174	4.49	1,324,342	41,512	4.19
Less: Allowance for loan losses	(10,281	)		(9,641	)
Cash and due from banks	16,933			16,060
Other assets	105,743			103,576
Total assets	$ 1,606,542			$ 1,434,337
Liabilities
Deposits:
NOW	$ 438,784	$ 2,382	0.73	$ 428,359	$ 1,802	0.56
Money market checking	239,305	1,604	0.90	240,094	1,349	0.75
Savings	45,247	27	0.08	47,825	59	0.16
IRAs	17,880	207	1.55	16,501	159	1.29
CDs	297,876	3,718	1.67	257,015	2,583	1.34
Repurchase agreements and federal funds sold	19,535	49	0.34	23,165	56	0.32
FHLB and other borrowings	196,610	3,110	2.11	122,062	1,216	1.33
Subordinated debt	28,441	1,433	6.74	33,524	1,674	6.68
Total interest-bearing liabilities	1,283,678	12,530	1.31	1,168,545	8,898	1.02
Noninterest bearing demand deposits	156,165			114,455
Other liabilities	9,764			8,204
Total liabilities	1,449,607			1,291,204
Stockholders’ equity
Preferred stock	7,834			7,959
Common stock	10,896			10,307
Paid-in capital	104,776			96,268
Treasury stock	(1,084	)		(1,084	)
Retained earnings	41,046			33,202
Accumulated other comprehensive income	(6,533	)		(3,519	)
Total stockholders’ equity	156,935			143,133
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$ 1,606,542			$ 1,434,337
Net interest spread			3.18			3.17
Net interest income-margin		$ 37,644	3.37 %		$ 32,614	3.29 %

1 Non-accrual loans are included in total loan balances, lowering the effective yield for the portfolio in the aggregate.

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Noninterest Income

Mortgage fee income, gain (loss) on derivatives, interchange income, security sale gains, income on bank owned life insurance and portfolio loan sales generate the core of the Company’s noninterest income. Also, service charges on deposit accounts continue to be part of the core of the Company’s noninterest income and include mainly non-sufficient funds and returned check fees, allowable overdraft fees and service charges on commercial accounts.

For the three months ended September 30 , 2018 , noninterest income totaled $10.5 million compared to $10.2 million for the same time period in 2017 . The $353 thousand increase in noninterest income was primarily the result of an increase in gain on derivatives of $578 thousand , an increase of $623 thousand in the holding gain on equity securities, an increase in other operating income of $209 thousand , and an increase in income on bank owned life insurance of $369 thousand , of which $300 thousand was related to a death benefit payout. These increases were partially offset by a $1 million decrease in mortgage fee income. The increase in gain on derivatives was largely the result of an increase of $832 thousand in the valuation of the open trades used to hedge the derivative asset during the three months ended September 30 , 2018 compared to a decrease of $437 thousand in the valuation of the open trades used to hedge the derivative asset during the three months ended September 30 , 2017 . The increase of $209 thousand in other operating income was the mainly the result of an increase of $103 thousand in dividends on FHLB stock and an increase of $104 thousand in contingency income on sale of subsidiary. The decrease in mortgage fee income was driven by the decrease of mortgage production volume, which decreased by $26.3 million or 6.6% for the three months ended September 30 , 2018 compared to the three months ended September 30 , 2017 .

For the nine months ended September 30 , 2018 , noninterest income totaled $30.3 million compared to $30.5 million for the same time period in 2017 . The $204 thousand decrease in noninterest income was primarily the result of a decrease in mortgage fee income of $4.0 million , offset by an increase of $2.7 million in gain on derivatives, an increase of $583 thousand in the holding gain on equity securities, a $364 thousand increase in other operating income, and an increase of $505 thousand in income on bank owned life insurance, of which $300 thousand was related to a death benefit payout. The decrease in mortgage fee income was driven by the decrease of mortgage production volume, which decreased by $60.5 million or 5.2% for the nine months ended September 30 , 2018 compared to the nine months ended September 30 , 2017 . In addition, loans held for sale decreased from $69.1 million at September 30, 2017 to $63.7 million at September 30, 2018 . This was offset by the increase in gain on derivatives of $2.7 million , which was largely the result of a 34.0% increase in the locked mortgage pipeline for the nine months ended September 30 , 2018 compared to a 17.5% decrease in the locked mortgage pipeline for the nine months ended September 30 , 2017 . The increase of $364 thousand in other operating income was mainly the result of an increase of $265 thousand in the gain on interest rate cap and an increase of $200 thousand in dividends on FHLB stock.

Noninterest Expense

The Company had 395 full-time equivalent personnel at September 30, 2018 , as noted, compared to 390 full-time equivalent personnel as of September 30, 2017 . Company and Bank management will continue to strive to find new ways of increasing efficiencies and leveraging its resources, while effectively optimizing customer service.

Salaries and employee benefits, occupancy and equipment, data processing and communications, mortgage processing and professional fees generate the core of the Company’s noninterest expense. The Company’s efficiency ratio was 76.63% for the third quarter of 2018 compared to 83.28% for the third quarter of 2017 . The Company's efficiency ratio was 80.02% for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to 83.57% for the same time period in 2017 . This ratio measures the efficiency of noninterest expenses incurred in relationship to net interest income plus noninterest income. The decreased efficiency ratio is the result of net interest income and noninterest income outpacing the growth in noninterest expense.

For the three months ended September 30 , 2018 , noninterest expense totaled $18.4 million compared to $18.0 million for the same time period in 2017 . The $451 thousand increase in noninterest expense was primarily the result of the following:

Salaries and employee benefits expense increased by $271 thousand . The increase was largely driven by the addition of senior management, lenders, a treasury team, and the opening of two new branches in 2017 and one new branch in 2018.

Professional fees expense increased by $164 thousand . This increase was largely due to an increase in Fintech-related consulting fees.

Travel, entertainment, dues, and subscriptions expense increased $150 thousand . This increase was mainly driven by increased meals and entertainment expense, publications and subscriptions expense, and Fintech-related travel expenses.

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Data processing and communication expense decreased $201 thousand . This decrease was largely driven by decreased data processing fees in 2018 compared to data processing fees in 2017 , which were increased due to the core system conversion that the Bank implemented during 2017 and the exclusion of debit and credit card processing costs for the three months ended September 30 , 2018 . Beginning in 2018 and in connection with the adoption of ASU 2014-09, debit and credit card processing costs are being reported net of the related revenue in noninterest income. For further information, see Note 1, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Item 1, Financial Statements, of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Previously, such debit and credit card processing costs were reported as a component of data processing and communications expense.

Printing, postage and supplies decreased by $122 thousand . The decrease was mainly the result of increased office supplies and printing expenses due to the core system conversion and new offices during 2017.

For the nine months ended September 30 , 2018 , noninterest expense totaled $54.4 million compared to $52.8 million for the same time period in 2017 . The $1.6 million increase in noninterest expense was primarily the result of the following:

Salaries and employee benefits expense increased $1.5 million . This increase was largely driven by the addition of senior management, lenders, a treasury team, and the opening of two new branches in 2017 and one new branch in 2018.

Travel, entertainment, dues, and subscriptions expense increased $370 thousand . This increase was mainly driven by Fintech-related travel and research expenses.

Occupancy and equipment expense increased $320 thousand . This increase was primarily driven by the branch expansion and additional personnel.

Mortgage processing expense increased by $296 thousand . The increase was largely driven by an increase in shared costs related to MVB Mortgage's ownership interest of Lenderworks increasing from 25% in 2017 to 33% in 2018.

Professional fees expense increased by $284 thousand . This increase was largely due to an increase in Fintech-related consulting fees..

Other operating expenses increased by $126 thousand . This increase was largely due to an increase in loan expense due to the increase in loan volume.

Data processing and communication expense decreased $1.1 million . This decrease was largely driven by the 2017 , one-time, increase in data processing fees due to the core system conversion that the Bank implemented during 2017 and the exclusion of debit and credit card processing costs for the nine months ended September 30 , 2018 . Beginning in 2018 and in connection with the adoption of ASU 2014-09, debit and credit card processing costs are being reported net of the related revenue in noninterest income. For further information, see Note 1, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Item 1, Financial Statements, of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Previously, such debit and credit card processing costs were reported as a component of data processing and communications expense.

Printing, postage and supplies decreased by $186 thousand . The decrease was mainly the result of increased office supplies and printing expenses due to the core system conversion and new offices during 2017.

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Return on Average Assets (Annualized)

The Company's return on average assets was 0.85% for the third quarter of 2018 , compared to 0.63% for the third quarter of 2017 . The increased return for the third quarter of 2018 is a direct result of a $1.3 million increase in earnings, while average total assets increased by $206.6 million , primarily the result of a $176.3 million increase in average total loans and loans held for sale and a $45.3 million increase in average investment securities.

The Company’s return on average assets was 0.75% for the nine months ended September 30 , 2018 , compared to 0.57% for the nine months ended September 30 , 2017 . The increased return for the nine months ended September 30 , 2018 is a direct result of a $2.9 million increase in earnings, while average total assets increased by $172.2 million , primarily the result of a $112.6 million increase in average total loans and loans held for sale and a $56.3 million increase in average investment securities.

Return on Average Equity (Annualized)

The Company's return on average stockholders' equity was 8.53% for the third quarter of 2018 , compared to 6.28% for the third quarter of 2017 . The increased return for the third quarter of 2018 is a direct result of a $1.3 million increase in earnings, while average stockholders' equity increased by $20.2 million . The increase in average stockholders' equity was primarily due to a $15.2 million increase in paid-in capital, primarily due to the subordinated debt conversions, and an $8.6 million increase in retained earnings.

The Company’s return on average stockholders’ equity was 7.65% for the nine months ended September 30 , 2018 , compared to 5.73% for the nine months ended September 30 , 2017 . The increased return for the nine months ended September 30 , 2018 is a direct result of a $2.9 million increase in earnings, while average stockholders' equity increased by $13.8 million . The increase in average stockholders' equity was primarily due to an $8.5 million increase in paid-in capital, primarily due to the subordinated debt conversions, and a $7.8 million increase in retained earnings.

Overview of the Statement of Condition

The greatest balance changes since December 31, 2017 were as follows: total assets increased by $188.8 million , to $1.7 billion , loans increased $190.5 million , to $1.3 billion , investment securities decreased $5.2 million , to $226.3 million , deposits increased $219.6 million , to $1.4 billion , borrowings decreased $30.2 million , to $122.0 million , and stockholders' equity increased by $20.7 million , to $170.9 million .

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents totaled $22.0 million at September 30, 2018 , compared to $20.3 million at December 31, 2017 .

Management believes the current balance of cash and cash equivalents adequately serves the Company’s liquidity and performance needs. Total cash and cash equivalents fluctuate on a daily basis due to transactions in process and other liquidity demands. Management believes liquidity needs are satisfied by the current balance of cash and cash equivalents, readily available access to traditional and non-traditional funding sources, and the portions of the investment and loan portfolios that mature within one year. These sources of funds should enable the Company to meet cash obligations as they come due.

Investment Securities

Investment securities totaled $226.3 million at September 30, 2018 , compared to $231.5 million at December 31, 2017 . As of September 30, 2018 , the investment portfolio is comprised of the following mix of securities:

• 34.9% – Municipal securities

• 34.3% – U.S. Agency securities

• 22.5% – U.S. Sponsored Mortgage-backed securities

• 4.0% – Other securities

• 4.2% – Equity securities

The Company and Bank management monitor the earnings performance and liquidity of the investment portfolio on a regular basis through Asset and Liability Committee (“ALCO”) meetings. The ALCO also monitors net interest income and assists in the management of interest rate risk for the Company. Through active balance sheet management and analysis of the investment securities portfolio, sufficient liquidity is maintained to satisfy depositor requirements and the various credit needs of its customers. The

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Company and Bank management believe the risk characteristics inherent in the investment portfolio are acceptable based on these parameters.

Loans

The Company’s loan portfolio totaled $1.3 billion as of September 30, 2018 and $1.1 billion as of December 31, 2017 . The Bank’s lending is primarily focused in the Marion, Harrison, Jefferson, Berkeley, Monongalia, and Kanawha counties of West Virginia, and Fairfax and Loudoun counties of Virginia, with a secondary focus on the adjacent counties. Its extended market is in the adjacent counties. The portfolio consists principally of commercial lending, retail lending, which includes single-family residential mortgages, and consumer lending. The growth in loans is primarily attributable to organic growth within the Bank’s primary lending areas and northern Virginia.

Loan Concentration

At September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , $929.3 million , or 71.7% and $783.9 million , or 70.9% , respectively, of our loan portfolio consisted of commercial loans. A significant portion of the nonresidential real estate loan portfolio is secured by commercial real estate. The majority of nonresidential real estate loans that are not secured by real estate are lines of credit secured by accounts receivable and equipment and obligations of states and political subdivisions. While the loan concentration is in nonresidential real estate loans, the nonresidential real estate portfolio is comprised of loans to many different borrowers, in numerous different industries but primarily located in our market areas.

Allowance for Loan Losses

The allowance for loan losses was $11.4 million or 0.88% of total loans at September 30, 2018 compared to $9.9 million or 0.89% of total loans at December 31, 2017 . The nominal decrease in this ratio was the direct result of the net effect of loan loss provision, charge-offs, and recoveries; in conjunction with growth in outstanding loan balances in the commercial loan and residential real estate loan portfolios since December 31, 2017 . The Bank management continually monitors the risk in the loan portfolio through review of the monthly delinquency reports and the Loan Review Committee. The Loan Review Committee is responsible for the determination of the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses. This analysis involves both experience of the portfolio to date and the makeup of the overall portfolio. Specific loss estimates are derived for individual loans based on specific criteria such as current delinquent status, related deposit account activity, where applicable, and changes in the local and national economy. When appropriate, Management also considers public knowledge and/or verifiable information from the local market to assess risks to specific loans and the loan portfolios as a whole.

Capital Resources

The Bank considers a number of alternatives, including but not limited to deposits, short-term borrowings, and long-term borrowings when evaluating funding sources. Traditional deposits continue to be the most significant source of funds, totaling $1.4 billion at September 30, 2018 .

Noninterest-bearing deposits remain a core funding source for the Bank and thus, the Company. At September 30, 2018 , noninterest-bearing balances totaled $240.8 million compared to $126.0 million at December 31, 2017 . Of the $240.8 million , noninterest-bearing balances of $85.0 million are related to Fintech opportunities and noninterest-bearing balances of $15.6 million are related to title business funds. The Company and Bank management intend to continue to focus on finding ways to increase the base of noninterest-bearing sources of the Bank and its subsidiaries.

Interest-bearing deposits totaled $1.1 billion at September 30, 2018 compared to $1.0 billion at December 31, 2017 .

Average interest-bearing deposits totaled $1.1 billion during the third quarter of 2018 compared to $995.8 million during the third quarter of 2017 , an increase of $73.1 million . Average noninterest bearing deposits totaled $193.1 million during the third quarter of 2018 compared to $115.3 million during the third quarter of 2017 , an increase of $77.8 million . Management will continue to emphasize deposit growth opportunities from the network of current customers and Fintech partners. The Company and Bank management will also concentrate on balancing deposit growth with adequate net interest margin to meet the Company’s strategic goals.

Along with traditional deposits, the Bank has access to both repurchase agreements, which are corporate deposits secured by pledging securities from the investment portfolio, and FHLB borrowings to fund its operations and investments. At September 30, 2018 , repurchase agreements totaled $15.8 million compared to $22.4 million at December 31, 2017 . In addition to the aforementioned

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funds alternatives, the Bank has access to more than $205.6 million through additional advances from the FHLB of Pittsburgh and the ability to readily sell jumbo certificates of deposits to other banks as well as brokered deposit markets.

Liquidity

Maintenance of a sufficient level of liquidity is a primary objective of the Asset and Liability Committee (“ALCO”). Liquidity, as defined by the ALCO, is the ability to meet anticipated operating cash needs, loan demand, and deposit withdrawals, without incurring a sustained negative impact on net interest income. It is MVB’s policy to manage liquidity so that there is no need to make unplanned sales of assets or to borrow funds under emergency conditions.

The main source of liquidity for the Bank comes through deposit growth. Liquidity is also provided from cash generated from investment maturities, principal payments from loans, and income from loans and investment securities. During the nine months ended September 30 , 2018 , cash provided by financing activities totaled $183.5 million , while outflows from investing activity totaled $195.0 million . When appropriate, the Bank has the ability to take advantage of external sources of funds such as advances from the FHLB, national market certificate of deposit issuance programs, the Federal Reserve discount window, brokered deposits and CDARS. These external sources often provide attractive interest rates and flexible maturity dates that enable the Bank to match funding with contractual maturity dates of assets. Securities in the investment portfolio are primarily classified as available-for-sale and can be utilized as an additional source of liquidity.

The Company has an effective shelf registration covering $75 million of debt and equity securities, of which approximately $70 million remains available, subject to Board authorization and market conditions, to issue equity or debt securities at our discretion. While we seek to preserve flexibility with respect to cash requirements, there can be no assurance that market conditions would permit us to sell securities on acceptable terms at any given time or at all.

Current Economic Conditions

The Company considers its primary market area to be comprised of those counties where it has a physical branch presence and their contiguous counties. This includes Marion, Harrison, Jefferson, Berkeley, Monongalia, and Kanawha counties of West Virginia and Fairfax and Loudoun counties of Virginia. In addition, MVB Mortgage has mortgage-only offices located in Virginia, Washington, DC, North Carolina, and South Carolina. The Bank currently operates a total of fifteen full-service banking branches: twelve in West Virginia and three in Virginia. MVB Mortgage operates ten mortgage-only offices, located in Virginia, within the Washington, DC metropolitan area, North Carolina, and South Carolina. In addition, MVB Mortgage has mortgage loan originators located at select Bank locations throughout West Virginia.

The Company originates various types of loans, including commercial and commercial real estate loans, residential real estate loans, home equity lines of credit, real estate construction loans, and consumer loans (loans to individuals). In general, the Company retains most of its originated loans (exclusive of long-term, fixed rate residential mortgages that are sold.) However, loans originated in excess of the Bank’s legal lending limit are participated to other banking institutions and the servicing of those loans is retained by the Bank.

The current economic climate in the Company’s primary market areas reflect economic climates that are consistent with the general national climate. Unemployment in the United States was 3.6% and 4.1% in September 2018 and 2017 , respectively. The unemployment levels in the Company’s primary market areas were as follows for the periods indicated:

	August 2018	August 2017
Berkeley County, WV	3.9 %	4.1 %
Harrison County, WV	4.2 %	4.8 %
Jefferson County, WV	3.3 %	3.4 %
Marion County, WV	5.2 %	5.4 %
Monongalia County, WV	4.1 %	4.2 %
Kanawha County, WV	4.8 %	5.2 %
Fairfax County, VA	2.5 %	3.2 %
Loudoun County, VA	2.5 %	3.2 %

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Capital/Stockholders' Equity

For the nine months ended September 30, 2018 , stockholders’ equity increased approximately $20.7 million to $170.9 million . This increase consists of net income for the year-to-date of $9.0 million , common stock issued from the conversion of subordinated debt totaling $15.0 million and common stock options exercised totaling $2.0 million , offset by a $5.0 million other comprehensive loss and dividends paid totaling $1.2 million . As stockholders’ equity increased, the equity to assets ratio increased 0.13% to 9.92% . The Company paid dividends to common shareholders of $873 thousand in the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and $773 thousand in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 , and earned $9.0 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2018 versus $6.2 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 , resulting in the dividend payout ratio decreasing from 13.38% in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 to 10.11% in the nine months ended September 30, 2018 .

The Company and the Bank have financed operations and growth over the years through the sale of equity. These equity sales have resulted in an effective source of capital. For more information related to equity sales, see Note 7, “Stock Offerings” of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Item 1, Financial Statements, of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

At September 30, 2018 , accumulated other comprehensive loss totaled $8.7 million , an increase in the loss of $5.7 million from December 31, 2017 . Total securities available-for-sale in an unrealized loss position increased by $5.5 million to $8.0 million at September 30, 2018 . The Company considers all securities with unrealized loss positions to be temporarily impaired, and consequently, does not believe the Company will sustain any material realized losses as a result of the current temporary decline in fair value.

Treasury stock totaled 51,077 shares.

The primary source of funds for dividends to be paid by the Company are dividends received by the Company from the Bank. Dividends paid by the Bank are subject to restrictions by banking regulations. The most restrictive provision requires regulatory approval if dividends declared in any year exceeds that years retained net profits, as defined, plus the retained net profits, as defined, of the two preceding years.

Capital Requirements

The Company’s total risk-based capital ratio decreased from 14.87% at December 31, 2017 to 14.10% at September 30, 2018 . The decrease in this ratio was largely due to an increase of $156.8 million in risk-weighted assets outpacing the increase in total capital of $12.8 million.

Legislation enacted in May 2018 requires the federal banking agencies, including the FDIC, to establish a “Community Bank Leverage Ratio” (the ratio of a bank's tangible equity capital to average total consolidated assets) for financial institutions with assets of less than $10 billion. A “qualifying community bank” that exceeds this ratio will be deemed to be in compliance with all other capital and leverage requirements, including the capital requirements to be considered “well capitalized” under Prompt Corrective Action statutes. The federal banking agencies may consider a financial institution's risk profile when evaluating whether it qualifies as a community bank for purposes of the capital ratio requirement. The federal banking agencies must set the minimum capital for the new Community Bank Leverage Ratio at not less than 8 percent and not more than 10 percent. A financial institution can elect to be subject to this new definition. The establishment of the community bank leverage ratio is subject to notice and comment rulemaking by the federal regulators.

The Company and the Bank are each required to comply with applicable capital adequacy standards established by the Federal Reserve Board and the FDIC, respectively (“Capital Rules”). State chartered banks, such as the Bank, are subject to similar capital requirements adopted by the West Virginia Division of Financial Institutions.

The Capital Rules, among other things, (i) include a “Common Equity Tier 1” (“CET1”) measure, (ii) specify that Tier 1 capital consists of CET1 and “Additional Tier 1 capital” instruments meeting certain revised requirements, (iii) define CET1 narrowly by requiring that most deductions/adjustments to regulatory capital measures be made to CET1 and not to the other components of capital, and (iv) expand the scope of the deductions/adjustments to capital as compared to existing regulations.

Under the Capital Rules, the minimum capital ratios effective as of January 1, 2015 are:

• 4.5% CET1 to risk-weighted assets;

• 6.0% Tier 1 capital (that is, CET1 plus Additional Tier 1 capital) to risk-weighted assets;

• 8.0% Total capital (that is, Tier 1 capital plus Tier 2 capital) to risk-weighted assets; and

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• 4.0% Tier 1 capital to average consolidated assets as reported on consolidated financial statements (known as the leverage ratio”).

The Capital Rules also include a new “capital conservation buffer,” composed entirely of CET1, on top of these minimum risk-weighted asset ratios. The implementation of the capital conservation buffer began on January 1, 2016 at the 0.625% level and will increase by 0.625% on each subsequent January 1 , until it reaches 2.5% on January 1, 2019 . The Capital Rules also provide for a “countercyclical capital buffer” that is only applicable to certain covered institutions and does not have any current applicability to the Company or the Bank. The capital conservation buffer is designed to absorb losses during periods of economic stress and effectively increases the minimum required risk-weighted capital ratios. Banking institutions with a ratio of CET1 to risk-weighted assets below the effective minimum ( 4.5% plus the capital conservation buffer and, if applicable, the countercyclical capital buffer) will face constraints on dividends, equity repurchases, and compensation based on the amount of the shortfall.

When fully phased in on January 1, 2019 , the Capital Rules will require the Company and the Bank to maintain an additional capital conservation buffer of 2.5% of CET1, effectively resulting in minimum ratios of (i) CET1 to risk-weighted assets of at least 7% , (ii) Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets of at least 8.5% , (iii) a minimum ratio of Total capital to risk-weighted assets of at least 10.5% ; and (iv) a minimum leverage ratio of 4% . The Capital Rules also provide for a number of deductions from and adjustments to CET1.

The Capital Rules prescribe a standardized approach for risk weightings that expanded the risk-weighting categories from the general risk-based capital rules to a much larger and more risk-sensitive number of categories, depending on the nature of the assets, generally ranging from 0% for U.S. government and agency securities, to 600% for certain equity exposures, and resulting in higher risk weights for a variety of asset categories.

With respect to the Bank, the Capital Rules also revise the “prompt corrective action” regulations pursuant to Section 38 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, as discussed below under “Prompt Corrective Action.”

Prompt Corrective Action

The FDIA requires among other things, the federal banking agencies to take “prompt corrective action” in respect of depository institutions that do not meet minimum capital requirements. The FDIA includes the following five capital tiers: “well capitalized,” “adequately capitalized,” “undercapitalized,” “significantly undercapitalized” and “critically undercapitalized.” A depository institution’s capital tier will depend upon how its capital levels compare with various relevant capital measures and certain other factors, as established by regulation. The relevant capital measures, which reflect changes under the Capital Rules that became effective on January 1, 2015 , are the total capital ratio, the CET1 capital ratio, the Tier 1 capital ratio, and the leverage ratio.

A bank will be (i) “well capitalized” if the institution has a total risk-based capital ratio of 10.0% or greater, a CET1 capital ratio of 6.5% or greater, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 8.0% or greater, and a leverage ratio of 5.0% or greater, and is not subject to any order or written directive by any such regulatory authority to meet and maintain a specific capital level for any capital measure; (ii) “adequately capitalized” if the institution has a total risk-based capital ratio of 8.0% or greater, a CET1 capital ratio of 4.5% or greater, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 6.0% or greater, and a leverage ratio of 4.0% or greater and is not “well capitalized”; (iii) “undercapitalized” if the institution has a total risk-based capital ratio that is less than 8.0% , a CET1 capital ratio less than 4.5% , a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of less than 6.0% or a leverage ratio of less than 4.0% ; (iv) “significantly undercapitalized” if the institution has a total risk-based capital ratio of less than 6.0% , a CET1 capital ratio less than 3.0% , a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of less than 4.0% or a leverage ratio of less than 3.0% ; and (v) “critically undercapitalized” if the institution’s tangible equity is equal to or less than 2.0% of average quarterly tangible assets. An institution may be downgraded to, or deemed to be in, a capital category that is lower than indicated by its capital ratios if it is determined to be in an unsafe or unsound condition or if it receives an unsatisfactory examination rating with respect to certain matters. A bank’s capital category is determined solely for the purpose of applying prompt corrective action regulations, and the capital category may not constitute an accurate representation of the bank’s overall financial condition or prospects for other purposes.

The FDIA generally prohibits a depository institution from making any capital distributions (including payment of a dividend) or paying any management fee to its parent holding company if the depository institution would thereafter be “undercapitalized.” “Undercapitalized” institutions are subject to growth limitations and are required to submit a capital restoration plan. The agencies may not accept such a plan without determining, among other things, that the plan is based on realistic assumptions and is likely to succeed in restoring the depository institution’s capital. In addition, for a capital restoration plan to be acceptable, the depository institution’s parent holding company must guarantee that the institution will comply with such capital restoration plan. The bank holding company must also provide appropriate assurances of performance. The aggregate liability of the parent holding company is limited to the lesser of (i) an amount equal to 5.0% of the depository institution’s total assets at the time it became undercapitalized and (ii) the amount which is necessary (or would have been necessary) to bring the institution into compliance with all capital

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standards applicable with respect to such institution as of the time it fails to comply with the plan. If a depository institution fails to submit an acceptable plan, it is treated as if it is “significantly undercapitalized.”

“Significantly undercapitalized” depository institutions may be subject to a number of requirements and restrictions, including orders to sell sufficient voting stock to become “adequately capitalized,” requirements to reduce total assets, and cessation of receipt of deposits from correspondent banks. “Critically undercapitalized” institutions are subject to the appointment of a receiver or conservator.

The appropriate federal banking agency may, under certain circumstances, reclassify a well-capitalized insured depository institution as adequately capitalized. The FDIA provides that an institution may be reclassified if the appropriate federal banking agency determines (after notice and opportunity for hearing) that the institution is in an unsafe or unsound condition or deems the institution to be engaging in an unsafe or unsound practice.

The appropriate agency is also permitted to require an adequately capitalized or undercapitalized institution to comply with the supervisory provisions as if the institution were in the next lower category (but not treat a significantly undercapitalized institution as critically undercapitalized) based on supervisory information other than the capital levels of the institution.

In addition to the “prompt corrective action” directives, failure to meet capital guidelines may subject a banking organization to a variety of other enforcement remedies, including additional substantial restrictions on its operations and activities, termination of deposit insurance by the FDIC and, under certain conditions, the appointment of a conservator or receiver.

For further information regarding the capital ratios and leverage ratio of the Company and the Bank see the discussion under the section captioned “Capital/Stockholders’ Equity” included in Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Note 14, “Regulatory Capital Requirements” of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of the Company's December 31, 2017 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Commitments and Contingent Liabilities

The Company is a party to financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. These instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amounts recognized in the statements of financial condition.

The Company’s exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instruments for commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. The Company uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance-sheet instruments.

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Company evaluates each customer’s credit worthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount and type of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Company upon extension of credit, varies and is based on management’s credit evaluation of the customer.

Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. Standby letters of credit generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loans to customers. The Company’s policy for obtaining collateral, and the nature of such collateral, is essentially the same as that involved in making commitments to extend credit.

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Concentration of Credit Risk

The Company grants a majority of its commercial, financial, agricultural, real estate and installment loans to customers throughout the Marion, Harrison, Monongalia, Kanawha, Jefferson, and Berkeley County areas of West Virginia as well as the Northern Virginia area and adjacent counties. Collateral for loans is primarily residential and commercial real estate, personal property, and business equipment. The Company evaluates the credit worthiness of each of its customers on a case-by-case basis, and the amount of collateral it obtains is based upon management’s credit evaluation.

Regulatory

The Company is required to maintain certain reserve balances on hand in accordance with the Federal Reserve Board requirements. The average balance maintained in accordance with such requirements was $0 on September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , respectively. During 2016 , a deposit reclassification program was implemented and allowed the Company to reduce its requirement of reserve balances on hand in accordance with the Federal Reserve Board the daily Federal Reserve Requirement.

Contingent Liability

The subsidiary bank is involved in various legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management and counsel, the outcome of these matters will not have a significant adverse effect on the consolidated financial statements.

Off-Balance Sheet Commitments

The Bank has entered into certain agreements that represent off-balance sheet arrangements that could have a significant impact on the consolidated financial statements and could have a significant impact in future periods. Specifically, the Bank has entered into agreements to extend credit or provide conditional payments pursuant to standby and commercial letters of credit.

Commitments to extend credit, including loan commitments, standby letters of credit, and commercial letters of credit do not necessarily represent future cash requirements, in that these commitments often expire without being drawn upon.

Market Risk

There have been no material changes in market risks faced by the Company since December 31, 2017 . For information regarding the Company’s market risk, refer to the company’s December 31, 2017 , Form 10-K filed with the SEC.

Effects of Inflation and Changing Prices

Substantially all of the Company’s assets relate to banking and are monetary in nature. Therefore, they are not impacted by inflation to the same degree as companies in capital-intensive industries in a replacement cost environment. During a period of rising prices, a net monetary asset position results in loss in purchasing power and conversely a net monetary liability position results in an increase in purchasing power. In the banking industry, typically monetary assets exceed monetary liabilities. Therefore, as prices increase, financial institutions experience a decline in the purchasing power of their net assets.

Future Outlook

The Company’s net income increased in the third quarter of 2018 compared to the third quarter of 2017 mainly due to an increase in net interest income due to a $202.0 million increase in loans and decreased income taxes as a result of the Tax Reform Act that was signed into law in late 2017. The Company has invested in the infrastructure to support anticipated future growth in each key area, including personnel, technology, and processes to meet the growing compliance requirements in the industry. The Company believes it is well positioned in some of the finest markets in the State of West Virginia and the Commonwealth of Virginia and will continue to focus on the following: margin improvement; leveraging capital; organic portfolio loan growth; and operating efficiency. The key challenge for the Company in the future is to attract core deposits to fund growth in the new markets through continued delivery of outstanding customer service coupled with the highest quality products and technology.

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Item 3 – Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

The Company’s market risk is composed primarily of interest rate risk. The Asset and Liability Committee (“ALCO”) is responsible for reviewing the interest rate sensitivity position and establishes policies to monitor and coordinate the Company’s sources, uses, and pricing of funds.

Interest Rate Sensitivity Management

The Company uses a simulation model to analyze, manage and formulate operating strategies that address net interest income sensitivity to movements in interest rates. The simulation model projects net interest income based on various interest rate scenarios over a twenty-four-month period. The model is based on the actual maturity and re-pricing characteristics of rate sensitive assets and liabilities. The model incorporates certain assumptions which management believes to be reasonable regarding the impact of changing interest rates and the prepayment assumption of certain assets and liabilities as of June 30, 2018 . The model assumes changes in interest rates without any management intervention to change the composition of the balance sheet. According to the model run for the period ended June 30, 2018 , over a twelve-month period, an immediate 100 -basis point increase in interest rates would result in an increase in net interest income by 2.4% . An immediate 200 -basis point increase in interest rates would result in an increase in net interest income by 3.8% . A 100 -basis point decrease in interest rates would result in a decrease in net interest income of 1.7% . While management carefully monitors the exposure to changes in interest rates and takes actions as warranted to decrease any adverse impact, there can be no assurance about the actual effect of interest rate changes on net interest income.

The Company’s net interest income and the fair value of its financial instruments are influenced by changes in the level of interest rates. The Company manages its exposure to fluctuations in interest rates through policies established by its ALCO. The ALCO meets quarterly and has responsibility for formulating and implementing strategies to improve balance sheet positioning and reviewing interest rate sensitivity.

The Company has counter-party risk which may arise from the possible inability of third-party investors to meet the terms of their forward sales contracts. The Company works with third-party investors that are generally well-capitalized, are investment grade, and exhibit strong financial performance to mitigate this risk. The Company monitors the financial condition of these third parties on an annual basis and the Company does not expect these third parties to fail to meet their obligations.

Item 4 – Controls and Procedures

The Company, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer, along with the Company’s Chief Financial Officer (the Principal Financial Officer), has evaluated the effectiveness as of September 30, 2018 , of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined under Rule 13a-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Based upon that evaluation, the Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer, along with the Company’s Principal Accounting Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2018 .

There have been no material changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the third quarter of 2018 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1 – Legal Proceedings

From time to time in the ordinary course of business, the Company and its subsidiaries are subject to claims, asserted or unasserted, or named as a party to lawsuits or investigations. Litigation, in general, and intellectual property and securities litigation in particular, can be expensive and disruptive to normal business operations. Moreover, the results of legal proceedings cannot be predicted with any certainty and in the case of more complex legal proceedings, the results are difficult to predict at all. The Company is not aware of any asserted or unasserted legal proceedings or claims that the Company believes would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition or results of the Company’s operations.

Item 1A – Risk Factors

Our operations are subject to many risks that could adversely affect our future financial condition and performance and, therefore, the market value of our securities, including the risk factors that are described in our Annual Report to Shareholders on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 . There have been no material changes in our risk factors from those disclosed.

Item 2 – Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

On March 13, 2017, the Company filed with the SEC a prospectus supplement and accompanying base prospectus (collectively, the “Prospectus”) relating to the commencement of the Company’s rights offering (the “Rights Offering”), pursuant to which the Company distributed, at no charge, non-transferable subscription rights to the holders of its common stock as of 5:00 p.m., Eastern time, on March 10, 2017. The subscription rights were exercisable for up to a total of 434,783 shares of the Company’s common stock, subject to such terms and conditions as further described in the Prospectus.

On March 13, 2017, the Company also entered into an Investment Agreement (the “Investment Agreement”) with its Chief Executive Officer, Larry F. Mazza (“Mazza”). Pursuant to the Investment Agreement, Mazza committed to subscribe for and purchase, at a price of $11.50 per common share, upon expiration of the Rights Offering, the number of shares of the Company’s common stock, if any, equal to the amount by which 100,000 exceeds the number of shares purchased by Mazza in the Rights Offering. Pursuant to the Investment Agreement, Mazza agreed not to sell or otherwise transfer any shares acquired in connection with the Investment Agreement for a period of six months following the closing of the Rights Offering. Upon completion of the Rights Offering, on April 14, 2017, Mazza purchased an additional 9,001 shares of common stock under the Investment Agreement, which purchase was exempt from registration pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

Item 3 – Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4 – Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5 – Other Information

None.

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Item 6 – Exhibits

The following exhibits are filed herewith:
Exhibit 31.1	Certificate of principal executive officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
Exhibit 31.2	Certificate of principal financial officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
Exhibit 32.1	Certificate of principal executive officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
Exhibit 32.2	Certificate of principal financial officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
Exhibit 101.INS	XBRL Instance Document
Exhibit 101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
Exhibit 101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
Exhibit 101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
Exhibit 101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
Exhibit 101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase

SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
		MVB Financial Corp.
Date:	October 29, 2018	By:	/s/ Larry F. Mazza
			Larry F. Mazza
			President, CEO and Director
			(Principal Executive Officer)
Date:	October 29, 2018	By:	/s/ Donald T. Robinson
			Donald T. Robinson
			Executive Vice President and CFO
			(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

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