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MORGAN STANLEY — Capital/Financing Update 2011
Nov 21, 2011
29766_prs_2011-11-21_8d74d7f0-81d8-4308-890f-b730a806b523.zip
Capital/Financing Update
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| PRODUCT SUPPLEMENT | Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2) |
|---|---|
| For LeAding StockmarkEt Return Securities | Registration Statement No. 333-178081 |
| (To Prospectus dated November 21, 2011) |
GLOBAL MEDIUM-TERM NOTES, SERIES F
Senior Notes
LeAding StockmarkEt Return Securities
Linked to One or More Indices (“Index LASERS SM ”)
and/or Exchange-Traded Funds (“Equity LASERS SM ”)
We, Morgan Stanley, may offer from time to time Index LASERS SM or Equity LASERS SM , which we collectively refer to as LASERS, that are linked to the performance of an index, the shares of an exchange-traded fund, or a weighted basket of indices and/or exchange-traded funds, as applicable, each of which we refer to as the underlying asset. The specific terms of any LASERS that we offer, including the name of the underlying index, underlying shares or, in the case of a basket, each basket component, will be included in the applicable pricing supplement. If the terms described in the applicable pricing supplement are inconsistent with those described in this product supplement, in any accompanying index supplement or in the accompanying prospectus, the terms described in the applicable pricing supplement will prevail. The LASERS will have the following general terms:
• The LASERS are unsubordinated unsecured obligations of ours and do not pay interest or guarantee the return of principal at maturity. • If the value of the underlying asset is greater than a predetermined percentage of its closing value on the pricing date, which we refer to as the downside threshold value, during the period from but excluding the pricing date to and including the valuation date, the LASERS provide a payment at maturity that will be equal to or greater than the stated principal amount of the LASERS. o The payment at maturity will be an amount in cash equal to the stated principal amount plus the product of the stated principal amount and the greater of (i) the percentage appreciation, if any, of the underlying asset, as determined on the valuation date and (ii) the fixed percentage, which may be 0.00%. • If the value of the underlying asset is less than or equal to the downside threshold value during the period from but excluding the pricing date to and including the valuation date, the LASERS will be exposed on a 1 to 1 basis to the performance of the underlying asset from the pricing date to the valuation date and, if the value of the underlying asset has declined, the LASERS will pay less, and possibly significantly less, than the stated principal amount. o The payment at maturity will be an amount in cash equal to the stated principal amount plus the product of the stated principal amount and the percentage change, whether positive or negative, of the underlying asset, as determined on the valuation date. • Whether the downside threshold value is reached will be based on either intraday monitoring or closing level monitoring as specified in the applicable pricing supplement and described herein. • The LASERS will be held in global form by The Depository Trust Company, unless the pricing supplement provides otherwise.
The applicable pricing supplement will describe the specific terms of the LASERS, including any changes to the terms specified in this product supplement. See “Description of LASERS—General Terms of LASERS—Terms Specified in Pricing Supplements” on page S-7.
Investing in the LASERS involves risks not associated with an investment in ordinary debt securities. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page S-1.
The Securities and Exchange Commission and state securities regulators have not approved or disapproved these securities, or determined if this product supplement, any accompanying index supplement or the accompanying prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, our wholly-owned subsidiary, has agreed to use reasonable efforts to solicit offers to purchase these securities as our agent. The agent may also purchase these securities as principal at prices to be agreed upon at the time of sale. The agent may resell any securities it purchases as principal at prevailing market prices, or at other prices, as the agent determines.
Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC may use this product supplement, the applicable pricing supplement, any accompanying index supplement and the accompanying prospectus in connection with offers and sales of the securities in market-making transactions.
These securities are not deposits or savings accounts and are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other governmental agency or instrumentality, nor are they obligations of, or guaranteed by, a bank.
MORGAN STANLEY
November 21, 2011
For a description of certain restrictions on offers, sales and deliveries of the LASERS and on the distribution of this product supplement, any accompanying index supplement and the accompanying prospectus relating to the LASERS, see the section of this product supplement called “Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest).”
No action has been or will be taken by us, the agent or any dealer that would permit a public offering of the LASERS or possession or distribution of this product supplement, any accompanying index supplement or the accompanying prospectus in any jurisdiction, other than the United States, where action for that purpose is required. None of this product supplement, any accompanying index supplement nor the accompanying prospectus may be used for the purpose of an offer or solicitation by anyone in any jurisdiction in which such offer or solicitation is not authorized or to any person to whom it is unlawful to make such an offer or solicitation.
The LASERS have not been and will not be registered with the Comissão de Valores Mobiliários (The Brazilian Securities Commission). The LASERS may not be offered or sold in the Federative Republic of Brazil except in circumstances which do not constitute a public offering or distribution under Brazilian laws and regulations.
The LASERS have not been registered with the Superintendencia de Valores y Seguros in Chile and may not be offered or sold publicly in Chile. No offer, sales or deliveries of the LASERS or distribution of this product supplement, any accompanying index supplement or the accompanying prospectus, may be made in or from Chile except in circumstances which will result in compliance with any applicable Chilean laws and regulations.
WARNING: The contents of this product supplement, any accompanying index supplement and the accompanying prospectus have not been reviewed by any regulatory authority in Hong Kong. You are advised to exercise caution in relation to the offer. If you are in any doubt about any of the contents of this product supplement, any accompanying index supplement or the accompanying prospectus, you should obtain independent professional advice.
None of this product supplement, any accompanying index supplement, the accompanying prospectus and their contents have been reviewed by any regulatory authority in Hong Kong. Accordingly, no person may issue or have in its possession for the purposes of issue, whether in Hong Kong or elsewhere, any advertisement, invitation or document relating to the LASERS, which is directed at, or the contents of which are likely to be accessed or read by, the public of Hong Kong (except if permitted to do so under the applicable securities law of Hong Kong) other than with respect to the LASERS which are intended to be disposed of only to persons outside Hong Kong or only to “professional investors” within the meaning of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Chapter 571 of Hong Kong) and any rules made under that Ordinance.
The LASERS have not been registered with the National Registry of Securities maintained by the Mexican National Banking and Securities Commission and may not be offered or sold publicly in Mexico. This product supplement, any accompanying index supplement and the accompanying prospectus may not be publicly distributed in Mexico.
None of this product supplement, any accompanying index supplement and the accompanying prospectus have been registered as a prospectus with the Monetary Authority of Singapore. Accordingly, none of this product supplement, any accompanying index supplement and the accompanying prospectus and any other document or material in connection with the offer or sale, or invitation for subscription or purchase, of the LASERS may be circulated or distributed, nor may the LASERS be offered or sold, or be made the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase, whether directly or indirectly, to persons in Singapore other than (i) to an institutional investor under Section 274 of the Securities and Futures Act, Chapter 289 of Singapore (the “SFA”), (ii) to a relevant person pursuant Section 275(1), or any person pursuant to Section 275(1A), and in accordance with the conditions, specified in Section 275 of the SFA or (iii) otherwise pursuant to, and in accordance with the conditions of, any other applicable provision of the SFA. Where LASERS are subscribed or purchased under Section 275 by a relevant person which is:
(a) a corporation (which is not an accredited investor (as defined in Section 4A of the SFA)) the sole business of which is to hold investments and the entire share capital of which is owned by one or more individuals, each of whom is an accredited investor; or
(b) a trust (where the trustee is not an accredited investor) whose sole purpose is to hold investments and each beneficiary of the trust is an individual who is an accredited investor,
S-2
shares, debentures and units of shares and debentures of that corporation or the beneficiaries’ rights and interests (howsoever described) in that trust shall not be transferred within six months after that corporation or that trust has acquired the LASERS pursuant to an offer made under Section 275 except:
(1) to an institutional investor (for corporations under Section 274 of the SFA) or to a relevant person defined in Section 275(2) of the SFA, or to any person pursuant to an offer that is made on terms that such shares, debentures and units of shares and debentures of that corporation or such rights and interest in that trust are acquired at a consideration of not less than S$200,000 (or its equivalent in a foreign currency) for each transaction, whether such amount is to be paid for in cash or by exchange of securities or other assets, and further for corporations, in accordance with the conditions specified in Section 275 of the SFA;
(2) where no consideration is or will be given for the transfer; or
(3) where the transfer is by operation of law.
S-3
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| Page | |
|---|---|
| Product Supplement | |
| Summary | S-5 |
| Hypothetical Payments on the LASERS at Maturity | S-13 |
| Risk Factors | S-19 |
| Description of LASERS | S-25 |
| Use of Proceeds and Hedging | S-41 |
| LASERS Offered on a Global Basis | S-41 |
| Benefit Plan Investor Considerations | S-42 |
| United States Federal Taxation | S-43 |
| Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest) | S-50 |
| Prospectus | |
|---|---|
| Summary | 1 |
| Risk Factors | 5 |
| Where You Can Find More Information | 7 |
| Consolidated Ratios of Earnings to Fixed Charges and Earnings to Fixed Charges and Preferred Stock Dividends | 9 |
| Morgan Stanley | 10 |
| Use of Proceeds | 11 |
| Description of Debt Securities | 11 |
| Description of Units | 37 |
| Description of Warrants | 42 |
| Description of Purchase Contracts | 45 |
| Description of Capital Stock | 46 |
| Forms of Securities | 55 |
| Securities Offered on a Global Basis through the Depositary | 59 |
| United States Federal Taxation | 63 |
| Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest) | 67 |
| Legal Matters | 69 |
| Experts | 69 |
| Benefit Plan Investor Considerations | 70 |
You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this product supplement, any accompanying index supplement, the prospectus and any applicable pricing supplement. We have not authorized anyone else to provide you with different or additional information. We are offering to sell these securities and seeking offers to buy these securities only in jurisdictions where offers and sales are permitted. As used in this product supplement, the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to Morgan Stanley.
S-4
EFPlaceholder SUMMARY
The following summary describes the LeAding StockmarkEt Return Securities, which we refer to as LASERS SM , offered under this program, in general terms only. You should read the summary together with the more detailed information contained in this product supplement, in any accompanying index supplement, in the accompanying prospectus and in the applicable pricing supplement. We may also prepare free writing prospectuses that describe particular issuances of LASERS. Any free writing prospectus should also be read in connection with this product supplement, any accompanying index supplement and the accompanying prospectus. For purposes of this product supplement, any references to an applicable pricing supplement may also refer to a free writing prospectus, unless the context otherwise requires.
We will sell the LASERS primarily in the United States, but may also sell them outside the United States or both in and outside the United States simultaneously. The LASERS we offer under this product supplement are among the notes we refer to as our Series F medium-term notes. We refer to the offering of the Series F medium-term notes as our Series F program. See “Plan of Distribution” in this product supplement.
“Index LASERS SM ” is a registered service mark of Citigroup Global Markets Inc. “Equity LASERS SM ” is a registered service mark of Citigroup Global Markets Inc. Used under license.
| General terms of the LASERS | Unlike ordinary debt securities, the LASERS do not guarantee the return of any principal at maturity. The LASERS do not pay interest, but may do so if so specified in the applicable pricing supplement. At maturity, the LASERS will pay an amount in cash based upon the value of an index (the “underlying index”), the shares of an exchange-traded fund (the “underlying shares”), or a basket of indices (each index, a “basket index”) and/or exchange-traded funds (each exchange-traded fund, a “basket ETF”) both on the valuation date and during the period from but excluding the pricing date to and including the valuation date. We refer to any basket index and/or basket ETF as a basket component and to any underlying index, underlying shares or basket generally, as the underlying asset. |
|---|---|
| Payment at maturity varies depending on the value of the underlying asset on the valuation date and over the life of the LASERS | If the value of the underlying asset (or the value of each single basket component, if so specified in the applicable pricing supplement) is greater than a predetermined percentage of its closing value on the pricing date, which we refer to as the downside threshold value, during the period from but excluding the pricing date to and including the valuation date, you will receive at maturity for each LASERS that you hold an amount in cash that will be equal to or greater than the stated principal amount of the LASERS. However, if the value of the underlying asset (or of any single basket component, if so specified in the applicable pricing supplement) is less than or equal to the downside threshold value during the period from but excluding the pricing date to and including the valuation date, the LASERS will be exposed on a 1 to 1 basis to the performance of the underlying asset from the pricing date or basket setting date to the valuation date and, if the value of the underlying asset has declined, the LASERS will pay less, and possibly significantly less, than the stated principal amount, as more fully described below. |
| The determination of whether the value of the underlying asset or any underlying basket component is less than or equal to the downside threshold value during the period from but excluding the pricing date to and including the valuation date will be based on an observation of either the closing level or intraday level of the underlying asset. | |
| The applicable pricing supplement will specify whether closing level monitoring or intraday monitoring will apply. The risk of the downside threshold value being reached is heightened with intraday monitoring as compared to closing level monitoring. |
S-5
| Payment at Maturity |
|---|
| The payment at maturity for each LASERS will equal: |
If the LASERS are linked to an underlying index, stated principal amount + index return amount, If the LASERS are linked to underlying shares, stated principal amount + share return amount, If the LASERS are linked to a basket, stated principal amount + basket return amount; in each case, subject to the maximum payment at maturity, if any, specified in the applicable pricing supplement.
| The index return amount, share return amount or basket return amount, as applicable, may be positive, zero or negative. Because the index return amount, share return amount or basket return amount, as applicable, may be negative, the payment at maturity could be less than the stated principal amount and could be zero. |
|---|
| The index return amount, share return amount or basket return amount, as applicable, will be calculated differently depending on whether or not the value of the underlying asset is less than or equal to the downside threshold value during the period from but excluding the pricing date to and including the valuation date. |
| If intraday monitoring is specified in the applicable pricing supplement, |
| · If the index value, share price (as adjusted by the adjustment factor), basket value or any basket component intraday value, as applicable, is greater than the downside threshold value at all times during the period from but excluding the pricing date to and including the valuation date, |
| ● |
| where, fixed percentage = the percentage specified in the applicable pricing supplement, which may be zero but not less than zero |
|---|
| As the index return amount, share return amount or basket return amount, as applicable, will be equal to or greater than zero, the payment at maturity in this case will be equal to or greater than the stated principal amount of the LASERS. |
| · If the index value, share price (as adjusted by the adjustment factor), basket value or any basket component intraday value, as applicable, is less than or equal to the downside threshold value at any time on any day during the period from but |
S-6
excluding the pricing date to and including the valuation date,
index return amount = stated principal amount × index percent change share return amount = stated principal amount × share percent change basket return amount = stated principal amount × basket percent change
| The index return amount, share return amount or basket return amount, as applicable, in this case will be solely based on the percentage change in the value of the underlying asset from the pricing date to the valuation date. If the underlying asset has declined in value as of the valuation date, the index return amount, share return amount or basket return amount, as applicable, will be negative and consequently, your payment at maturity will be an amount less, and possibly significantly less, than the principal amount of the LASERS. |
|---|
| If closing level monitoring is specified in the applicable pricing supplement, |
| · If the index closing value, share closing price (as adjusted by the adjustment factor), basket closing value or any basket component closing value, as applicable, is greater than the downside threshold value on each day during the period from but excluding the pricing date to and including the valuation date, |
| ● |
|---|
| where, fixed percentage = the percentage specified in the applicable pricing supplement, which may be zero but not less than zero |
| As the index return amount, share return amount or basket return amount, as applicable, will be equal to or greater than zero, the payment at maturity in this case will be equal to or greater than the stated principal amount of the LASERS. |
| · If the index closing value, share closing price (as adjusted by the adjustment factor), basket closing value or any basket component closing value, as applicable, is less than or equal to the downside threshold value on any day during the period from but excluding the pricing date to and including the valuation date, |
| index return amount = stated principal amount × index percent change share return amount = stated principal amount × share percent change basket return amount = stated principal amount × basket percent change |
|---|
| The index return amount, share return amount or basket return amount, as applicable, in this case will be solely based on the percentage change in the value of the underlying |
S-7
| asset from the pricing date to the valuation date. If the underlying asset has declined in value as of the valuation date, the index return amount, share return amount or basket return amount, as applicable, will be negative and consequently, your payment at maturity will be an amount less, and possibly significantly less, than the principal amount of the LASERS. |
|---|
| If valuation date monitoring is specified in the applicable pricing supplement, |
| · The payment at maturity will be calculated as set forth above, except that the determination of whether the index closing value, share closing price (as adjusted by the adjustment factor), basket closing value or any basket component closing value, as applicable, is greater than the downside threshold value will be based on the value on the valuation date only , as further described in the applicable pricing supplement. |
Additional terms relevant to the LASERS
| stated principal |
|---|
| amount |
| index percent | final index value − initial index value |
|---|---|
| change | initial index value |
| share percent | final share price − initial share price |
|---|---|
| change | initial share price |
| basket percent | final basket value − initial basket value |
|---|---|
| change | initial basket value |
| With respect to the underlying index: — initial index value | = | the index closing value on the day we price the LASERS for initial sale to the public, which we refer to as the pricing date, unless otherwise specified in the applicable pricing supplement |
|---|---|---|
| final index value | = | the index closing value on the valuation date |
| index closing value | = | the closing value of the underlying index or any successor index published at the regular weekday close of trading on the relevant index business day. |
| In certain circumstances, the index closing value will be based on an alternate calculation of the index. See “Description of LASERS—Discontinuance of Any Underlying Index or Basket Index; Alteration of Method of Calculation” below. | ||
| index value | = | at any time on any day, the value of the underlying index published at such time on such day on the applicable Bloomberg page or any successor page, or in the case of any successor index, the Bloomberg page or successor page for any such successor index. |
S-8
| With respect to the underlying shares: — initial share price | = | the share closing price of one share of the underlying shares on the pricing date, unless otherwise specified in the applicable pricing supplement |
|---|---|---|
| final share price | = | the share closing price of one share of the underlying shares on the valuation date times the adjustment factor on such date |
| share closing price | = | as defined in “Description of LASERS—General Terms of LASERS—Some Definitions––share closing price.” |
| share price | = | as defined in “Description of LASERS—General Terms of LASERS—Some Definitions––share price.” |
| adjustment factor | = | a number which is initially 1.0 and will be subject to adjustment for certain events affecting the underlying shares |
| With respect to the basket: | ||
| initial basket value | = | 100, unless otherwise specified in the applicable pricing supplement |
| final basket value | = | the basket closing value on the valuation date |
| basket closing value | = | on any day, the sum of the products of the basket component closing values of each basket component and the applicable multiplier for such basket component. In certain circumstances, the basket closing value will be based on an alternate calculation of any basket index described under “Description of LASERS—Discontinuance of Any Underlying Index or Basket Index; Alteration of Method of Calculation” and/or any basket ETF described under “Description of LASERS—Discontinuance of Any ETF Shares and/or Share Underlying Index; Alteration of Method of Calculation” |
| basket component closing value | = | on any day, (i) the index closing value on such day for any basket index or (ii) the share closing price times the adjustment factor on such day for the shares of any basket ETF, as applicable |
| basket value | = | at any time on any day, the sum of the products of the basket component intraday values of each basket component and the applicable multiplier for such basket component. |
| basket component | = | at any time on any day, (i) the index value for any basket index or (ii) the share price times the adjustment factor at such time for the shares of any basket ETF, as applicable |
| intraday value | ||
| multiplier | = | the fractional value assigned to each basket component so that each basket component will represent its applicable weighting in the predetermined initial basket value. The multipliers for each of the basket components, which will be specified in the applicable pricing supplement, will be calculated by the calculation agent on the relevant basket component setting date and will remain constant for the term of the PLUS. |
S-9
| The valuation date on which the payment at maturity is to be calculated will be specified in the applicable pricing supplement. The applicable pricing supplement may specify that the LASERS will have multiple valuation dates as described under “LASERS with Multiple Valuation Dates” below. Any valuation date will be subject to postponement in the event of non-index business days, non-trading days, as applicable, or the occurrence of a market disruption event. See “Description of LASERS—Postponement of Valuation Date(s)” below. If the value of the underlying asset is less than or equal to the downside threshold value during the period from but excluding the pricing date to and including the valuation date and the index percent change, share percent change or basket percent change, as applicable, is negative, you will receive less, and possibly significantly less, than the principal amount of your LASERS at maturity. Under these circumstances, the entire principal amount of your investment is at risk. |
|---|
| LASERS with Multiple Valuation Dates |
| For issuances of LASERS that have multiple valuation dates, which will be specified in the applicable pricing supplement, the applicable provisions described above under “—Payment at Maturity” will apply, except that, in lieu of the “final index value,” “final share price” or “final basket value,” we will use the “final average index value,” “final average share price,” or “final average basket value,” as applicable, which will equal: |
| • | for an underlying index, the arithmetic average of the index closing values of the underlying index on the relevant valuation dates, as calculated by the calculation agent on the final valuation date; |
|---|---|
| • | for underlying shares, the arithmetic average of the products of the share closing price of the underlying shares on each valuation date times the relevant adjustment factor on each such valuation date, as calculated by the calculation agent on the final valuation date; or |
| • | for a basket, the arithmetic average of the basket closing values of the basket on the relevant valuation dates, as calculated by the calculation agent on the final valuation date. |
| See “Description of LASERS—General Terms of LASERS—Some Definitions” for the definition of terms related to LASERS with multiple valuation dates. | |
|---|---|
| Your return on the LASERS may be limited by the maximum payment at maturity | If the applicable pricing supplement for the LASERS specifies a maximum payment at maturity, your return on the LASERS will be limited by that maximum payment. |
| The LASERS may also have the benefit of leveraged upside participation | The pricing supplement may specify that the LASERS have a leveraged upside return, which would mean that the index percent change, share percent change or basket percent change, as applicable, if positive, would be multiplied by an upside participation rate. |
| Issue price of the LASERS includes commissions and projected profit | The issue price of the LASERS, which will be specified in the applicable pricing supplement, includes the agent’s commissions paid with respect to the LASERS and the cost of hedging our obligations under the LASERS. The cost of hedging includes the projected profit that our subsidiaries may realize in consideration for assuming the risks |
S-10
| inherent in managing the hedging transactions. The fact that the issue price of the LASERS includes these commissions and hedging costs is expected to adversely affect the secondary market prices of the LASERS. See “Risk Factors—The inclusion of commissions and projected profit from hedging in the original issue price is likely to adversely affect secondary market prices” and “Use of Proceeds and Hedging.” | |
|---|---|
| Postponement of maturity date | If any scheduled valuation date is not an index business day or a trading day, as applicable, or if a market disruption event occurs on that day so that the valuation date or final valuation date, as applicable, is postponed and falls less than two business days prior to the scheduled maturity date, the maturity date of the LASERS will be postponed to the second business day following that valuation date or final valuation date as postponed. |
| Other terms of the LASERS | • The LASERS will be denominated in U.S. dollars, unless we specify otherwise in the applicable pricing supplement. |
| • You will not have the right to present the LASERS to us for repayment prior to maturity unless we specify otherwise in the applicable pricing supplement. | |
| • We may from time to time, without your consent, create and issue additional LASERS with the same terms as LASERS previously issued so that they may be combined with the earlier issuance. | |
| • The LASERS will not be listed on any securities exchange, unless we specify otherwise in the applicable pricing supplement. | |
| MS & Co. will be the calculation agent | We have appointed our affiliate, Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC or its successors, which we refer to as MS & Co., to act as calculation agent for us with respect to the LASERS. As calculation agent, MS & Co. will determine the initial value, final value, daily closing values and intraday values, as applicable, of the underlying index, underlying shares, the basket or basket components, as applicable, and whether or not the value of the underlying asset has remained above the downside threshold value during the period from but excluding the pricing date to and including the valuation date, the multipliers applicable to any basket component, the payment at maturity and whether a market disruption event has occurred. All determinations made by the calculation agent will be at the sole discretion of the calculation agent and will, in the absence of manifest error, be conclusive for all purposes and binding on you, the Trustee and us. |
| MS & Co. will be the agent; conflicts of interest | The agent for the offering of the LASERS is expected to be MS & Co., our wholly-owned subsidiary, which will conduct this offering in compliance with the requirements of FINRA Rule 5121 of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc., which is commonly referred to as FINRA, regarding a FINRA member firm’s distribution of the securities of an affiliate and related conflicts of interest. In accordance with FINRA Rule 5121, MS & Co. or any of our other affiliates may not make sales in this offering to any discretionary account without the prior written approval of the customer. See “Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest).” |
| Forms of securities | The LASERS will be issued in fully registered form and will be represented by a global security registered in the name of a nominee of The Depository Trust Company, as depositary, unless we indicate in the applicable pricing supplement that they will be represented by certificates issued in definitive form. We will not issue book-entry securities as certificated securities except under the circumstances described in “Forms of Securities—The Depositary” in the accompanying prospectus, under which heading you may also find information on The Depository Trust Company’s book-entry system. |
S-11
| Where you can find more information on the LASERS | Because this is a summary, it does not contain all of the information that may be important to you. You should read the “Description of LASERS” section in this product supplement and the “Description of Debt Securities” section in the accompanying prospectus for a detailed description of the terms of the LASERS. You should also read about some of the risks involved in an investment in the LASERS in the section of this product supplement called “Risk Factors.” The tax and accounting treatment of investments in equity-linked securities such as the LASERS may differ from that of investments in ordinary debt securities. See the section of this product supplement called “Description of LASERS—United States Federal Taxation.” You should consult with your investment, legal, tax, accounting and other advisers with regard to any proposed or actual investment in the LASERS. |
|---|---|
| How to reach us | You may contact your local Morgan Stanley branch office or call us at (212) 761-4000. |
S-12
HYPOTHETICAL PAYMENTS ON THE LASERS AT MATURITY EFPlaceholder
The table below illustrates the payment at maturity on LASERS linked to an index for a hypothetical range of performance of the underlying index from −100% to +100%. The table below is based on the following hypothetical values and assumes that the LASERS are not subject to a maximum payment at maturity:
| Hypothetical initial index value | = | 1,000 |
|---|---|---|
| Hypothetical downside threshold value | = | 700 (70% of the initial index value) |
| Hypothetical fixed percentage | = | 13.5% |
| Final Index Value | Underlying Index Return | Downside threshold value has NOT been reached | Downside threshold value has been reached* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Return on LASERS | Payment at Maturity | Return on LASERS | Payment at Maturity | ||
| 2,000 | 100.0% | 100.0% | $2,000 | 100.0% | $2,000 |
| 1,900 | 90.0% | 90.0% | $1,900 | 90.0% | $1,900 |
| 1,800 | 80.0% | 80.0% | $1,800 | 80.0% | $1,800 |
| 1,700 | 70.0% | 70.0% | $1,700 | 70.0% | $1,700 |
| 1,600 | 60.0% | 60.0% | $1,600 | 60.0% | $1,600 |
| 1,500 | 50.0% | 50.0% | $1,500 | 50.0% | $1,500 |
| 1,400 | 40.0% | 40.0% | $1,400 | 40.0% | $1,400 |
| 1,300 | 30.0% | 30.0% | $1,300 | 30.0% | $1,300 |
| 1,200 | 20.0% | 20.0% | $1,200 | 20.0% | $1,200 |
| 1,100 | 10.0% | 13.5% | $1,135 | 10.0% | $1,100 |
| 1,050 | 5.0% | 13.5% | $1,135 | 5.0% | $1,050 |
| 1,000 | 0.0% | 13.5% | $1,135 | 0.0% | $1,000 |
| 950 | -5.0% | 13.5% | $1,135 | -5.0% | $950 |
| 900 | -10.0% | 13.5% | $1,135 | -10.0% | $900 |
| 800 | -20.0% | 13.5% | $1,135 | -20.0% | $800 |
| 701 | -29.9% | 13.5% | $1,135 | -29.9% | $701 |
| 700 | -30.0% | N/A | N/A | -30.0% | $700 |
| 600 | -40.0% | N/A | N/A | -40.0% | $600 |
| 500 | -50.0% | N/A | N/A | -50.0% | $500 |
| 400 | -60.0% | N/A | N/A | -60.0% | $400 |
| 300 | -70.0% | N/A | N/A | -70.0% | $300 |
| 200 | -80.0% | N/A | N/A | -80.0% | $200 |
| 100 | -90.0% | N/A | N/A | -90.0% | $100 |
| 0 | -100.0% | N/A | N/A | -100.0% | $0 |
- In the scenario where the downside threshold value has been reached, the value of the underlying index will need to recover by the valuation date to a level higher than the initial index value in order for investors to receive a payment at maturity that exceeds the stated principal amount of the LASERS.
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HYPOTHETICAL EXAMPLES
The following examples illustrate how the payment at maturity on the LASERS is calculated.
EXAMPLE 1: Downside threshold value has NOT been reached and underlying asset appreciates
LASERS are linked to underlying shares, the value of the underlying shares is greater than the downside threshold value during the period from but excluding the pricing date to and including the valuation date, and the final share price is higher than the initial share price by 20%.
| Hypothetical initial share price | = | $100 |
|---|---|---|
| Hypothetical final share price | = | $120 |
| Hypothetical downside threshold value | = | $70 |
| Hypothetical fixed percentage | = | 12% |
| Hypothetical stated principal amount | = | $1,000 |
| Share percent change | = | (final share price – initial share price) / initial share price |
|---|---|---|
| = | (120 – 100) / 100 | |
| = | 20% | |
| Share return amount | = | stated principal amount × [the greater of (i) share percent change and (ii) fixed percentage] |
| = | $1,000 × 20% | |
| = | $200 | |
| Payment at maturity | = | stated principal amount + share return amount |
| $1,000 + $200 | ||
| = | $1,200 | |
| Payment at maturity = $1,200 |
EXAMPLE 2: Downside threshold value has NOT been reached and underlying asset declines
LASERS are linked to a single underlying index, the value of the underlying index is greater than the downside threshold value during the period from but excluding the pricing date to and including the valuation date, and the final index value is lower than the initial index value by 15%.
| Hypothetical initial index value | = | 1,000 |
|---|---|---|
| Hypothetical final index value | = | 850 |
| Hypothetical downside threshold value | = | 700 |
| Hypothetical fixed percentage | = | 12% |
| Hypothetical stated principal amount | = | $1,000 |
| Index percent change | = | (final index value – initial index value) / initial index value |
|---|---|---|
| = | (850 – 1,000) / 1,000 | |
| = | – 15% | |
| Index return amount | = | stated principal amount × [the greater of (i) index percent change and (ii) fixed percentage] |
| = | $1,000 × 12% | |
| = | $120 | |
| Payment at maturity | = | stated principal amount + index return amount |
| = | $1,000 + $120 | |
| = | $1,120 | |
| Payment at maturity = $1,120 |
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EXAMPLE 3: Downside threshold value has been reached and underlying asset declines
LASERS are linked to underlying shares, the value of the underlying shares was less than or equal to the downside threshold value at one time during the period from but excluding the pricing date to and including the valuation date, and the final share price is lower than the initial share price by 50%.
| Hypothetical initial share price | = | $10 |
|---|---|---|
| Hypothetical final share price | = | $5 |
| Hypothetical downside threshold value | = | $7 |
| Hypothetical fixed percentage | = | 12% |
| Hypothetical stated principal amount | = | $1,000 |
| Share percent change | = | (final share price – initial share price) / initial share price |
|---|---|---|
| = | (5 – 10) / 10 | |
| = | –50% | |
| Share return amount | = | stated principal amount × share percent change |
| = | $1,000 × (– 50%) | |
| = | –$500 | |
| Payment at maturity | = | stated principal amount + share return amount, which means that the payment at maturity is an amount less than the stated principal amount, because the share return amount is negative. |
| = | $1,000 + (– $500) | |
| = | $500 | |
| Payment at maturity = $500 |
EXAMPLE 4: Downside threshold value has been reached but underlying asset recovers to appreciate
LASERS are linked to an underlying index, the value of the underlying index was less than or equal to the downside threshold value at one time during the period from but excluding the pricing date to and including the valuation date; however, the index has subsequently recovered and the final index value is higher than the initial index value by 10%.
| Hypothetical initial index value | = | 1,000 |
|---|---|---|
| Hypothetical final index value | = | 1,100 |
| Hypothetical downside threshold value | = | 700 |
| Hypothetical fixed percentage | = | 12% |
| Hypothetical stated principal amount | = | $1,000 |
| Index percent change | = | (final index value – initial index value) / initial index value |
|---|---|---|
| = | (1,100 – 1,000) / 1,000 | |
| = | 10% | |
| Index return amount | = | stated principal amount × index percent change |
| = | $1,000 × 10% | |
| = | $100 | |
| Payment at maturity | = | stated principal amount + index return amount |
| = | $1,000 + $100 | |
| = | $1,100 | |
| Payment at maturity = $1,100 |
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EXAMPLE 5: Downside threshold value has NOT been reached and basket appreciates to a level that would result in a payment at maturity that exceeds the maximum payment at maturity
LASERS are linked to a basket and the determination of whether the downside threshold value has been reached is based on the observation of the value of the basket as a whole . The value of the basket is greater than the downside threshold value during the period from but excluding the pricing date to and including the valuation date, the final basket value is higher than the initial basket value by 60% and the LASERS are subject to a maximum payment at maturity.
| Initial basket value | = | 100 |
|---|---|---|
| Hypothetical final basket value | = | 160 |
| Hypothetical downside threshold value | = | 70 |
| Hypothetical fixed percentage | = | 12% |
| Hypothetical maximum payment at maturity | = | $1,500 |
| Hypothetical stated principal amount | = | $1,000 |
| Basket Component | Weighting | Basket Component Closing Value on the Basket Setting Date | Multiplier | Basket Component Closing Value on the Valuation Date | Percentage Change |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ETF A | 33.3333% | $15 | 2.2222 | $25.5 | + 70% |
| Index B | 33.3333% | 1,000 | 0.0333 | 1,500 | + 50% |
| ETF C | 33.3333% | $10 | 3.3333 | $16 | + 60% |
| Final basket value = |
|---|
| final basket component A closing value × 2.2222, plus final basket component B closing value × 0.0333, plus final basket component C closing value × 3.3333 |
| So, using the hypothetical basket component closing values on the valuation date above: |
| = | 25.5 × 2.2222 = 56.6661, plus [for ETF A] 1,500 × 0.0333 = 49.95, plus [for Index B] $16 × 3.3333 = 53.3328 [for ETF C] |
|---|---|
| = | 160 |
| Basket percent change | = | (final basket value – initial basket value) / initial basket value |
|---|---|---|
| = | (160 – 100) / 100 | |
| = | 60% | |
| Basket return amount | = | stated principal amount × [the greater of (i) basket percent change and (ii) fixed percentage] |
| = | $1,000 × 60% | |
| = | $600 | |
| Payment at maturity | = | stated principal amount + basket return amount |
| = | $1,000 + $600 | |
| = | $1,600 | |
| However, since this amount is greater than the hypothetical maximum payment at maturity, you will receive only $1,500 per LASERS. | ||
| Payment at maturity = $1,500 |
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EXAMPLE 6: Downside threshold value has been reached and basket declines despite gains by two of the basket components
LASERS are linked to a basket and the determination of whether the downside threshold value has been reached is based on the observation of the value of each separate basket component . The value of at least one basket component was less than or equal to the downside threshold value at one time during the period from but excluding the pricing date to and including the valuation date, and the final basket value is lower than the initial basket value by 12.5%.
| Initial basket value | = | 100 |
|---|---|---|
| Hypothetical final basket value | = | 87.5 |
| Hypothetical downside threshold value | = | 70 |
| Hypothetical fixed percentage | = | 12% |
| Hypothetical stated principal amount | = | $1,000 |
| Basket Component | Weighting | Basket Component Closing Value on the Basket Component Setting Date | Multiplier | Basket Component Closing Value on the Valuation Date | Percentage Change |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Index X | 50% | 500 | 0.1 | 250 | – 50% |
| Index Y | 25% | 100 | 0.25 | 120 | + 20% |
| ETF Z | 25% | $10 | 2.5 | $13 | + 30% |
| Final basket value = |
|---|
| final basket component X closing value × 0.1, plus final basket component Y closing value × 0.25, plus final basket component Z closing value × 2.5 |
| So, using the hypothetical basket component closing values on the valuation date above: |
| = | 250 × 0.1 = 25, plus [for Index X] 120 × 0.25 = 30, plus [for Index Y] $13 × 2.5 = 32.5 [for ETF Z] |
|---|---|
| = | 87.5 |
| Basket percent change | = | (final basket value – initial basket value) / initial basket value |
|---|---|---|
| = | (87.5 – 100) / 100 | |
| = | –12.5% | |
| Basket return amount | = | stated principal amount × basket percent change |
| = | $1,000 × (–12.5%) | |
| = | – $125 | |
| Payment at maturity | = | stated principal amount + basket return amount, which means that the payment at maturity is an amount less than the stated principal amount, because the basket return amount is negative. |
| = | $1,000 + (– $125) | |
| = | $875 | |
| Payment at maturity = $875 |
As illustrated in this example, although two of the basket components have appreciated in value on the valuation date by 20% and 30%, respectively, the depreciation by 50% of only one more heavily weighted basket component results in a payment at maturity of only $875 per LASERS and an overall loss of 12.5% of your investment.
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EXAMPLE 7: Downside threshold value has been reached and underlying asset declines
LASERS with multiple valuation dates are linked to a single underlying index, the value of the underlying index was less than or equal to the downside threshold value at one time during the period from but excluding the pricing date to and including the valuation date, and the final average index value is lower than the initial index value by 5%.
| Hypothetical initial index value | = | 1,200 |
|---|---|---|
| Hypothetical final average index value | = | 1,140 |
| Hypothetical downside threshold value | = | 840 |
| Hypothetical fixed percentage | = | 12% |
| Hypothetical stated principal amount | = | $1,000 |
| Multiple Valuation Dates | Index Closing Value |
|---|---|
| 1 st Valuation Date | 1,110 |
| 2 nd Valuation Date | 840 |
| 3 rd Valuation Date | 1,150 |
| 4 th Valuation Date | 1,200 |
| Final Valuation Date | 1,400 |
| Final Average Index Value | the arithmetic average of the index closing values of the underlying index on the relevant valuation dates |
|---|---|
| = | (1,110 + 840 + 1,150 + 1,200 + 1,400) / 5 |
| = | 1,140 |
| Index percent change | = | (final average index value – initial index value) / initial index value |
|---|---|---|
| = | (1,140 – 1,200) / 1,200 | |
| = | –5.00% | |
| Index return amount | = | stated principal amount × index percent change |
| = | $1,000 × (–5.00%) | |
| = | –$50 | |
| Payment at maturity | = | stated principal amount + index return amount, which means that the payment at maturity is an amount less than the stated principal amount, because the index return amount is negative. |
| = | $1,000 + (–$50) | |
| = | $950 | |
| Payment at maturity = $950 |
In this example, the index closing value on the final valuation date is 1,400 which would represent an appreciation of 16.67% from the initial index value if the final valuation date were the only valuation date. However, due to the multiple valuation dates, the payment at maturity is based instead on the final average index value of 1,140 which represents a decline of 5% from the initial index value. You will receive a payment at maturity of only $950 per LASERS.
EFPlaceholder
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RISK FACTORS EFPlaceholder
The LASERS are not secured debt, are riskier than ordinary debt securities and, unlike ordinary debt securities, the LASERS do not pay interest or guarantee the return of principal at maturity. In addition, the return investors realize on the LASERS may be limited by the maximum payment at maturity. This section describes the most significant risks relating to the LASERS. You should carefully consider whether the LASERS are suited to your particular circumstances before you decide to purchase them.
The LASERS do not pay interest or guarantee return of principal
The terms of the LASERS differ from those of ordinary debt securities in that we do not guarantee to pay you the principal amount of the LASERS at maturity and generally do not pay you interest on the LASERS. If the value of the underlying asset is less than or equal to the downside threshold value during the period from but excluding the pricing date to and including the valuation date, you will be fully exposed to any depreciation in the underlying asset and consequently, if the value of the underlying asset on the valuation date is less than the value of the underlying asset on the pricing date or basket setting date, you will lose some or all of the principal amount of your investment.
You will not benefit from the fixed percentage-based minimum return if the downside threshold value is reached
If the value of the underlying asset is less than or equal to the downside threshold value during the period from but excluding the pricing date to and including the valuation date, the payment at maturity will solely depend on the value of the underlying asset on the valuation date and you will lose the benefit of the minimum return based on the fixed percentage specified in the applicable pricing supplement. As a result, you will be exposed on a 1 to 1 basis to any decline in the value of the underlying asset.
For LASERS linked to the performance of a basket, the downside threshold value may be reached based on the level of only one basket component notwithstanding the performance of the other basket components, which will heighten the risk of the downside threshold value being reached
For LASERS linked to a basket, if the applicable pricing supplement so provides, the downside threshold value may be reached if the basket component closing value of a single basket component declines to or below the downside threshold value, regardless of the performance of the other basket components or of the basket as a whole. Even if, (i) in the case of closing level monitoring, the basket component closing value of only one basket component declines to or below the downside threshold value on any day during the period from but excluding the pricing date to and including the valuation date, or (ii) in the case of intraday monitoring, the basket component intraday value of only one basket component declines to or below the downside threshold value at any time on any day during the period from but excluding the pricing date to and including the valuation date, the downside threshold value will have been reached. Consequently, the risk of the downside threshold value being reached will increase as compared to a determination based on the value of the basket as a whole. If the downside threshold value is reached and the final basket value is less than the initial basket value, your return will be negative and you will receive less, and possibly significantly less, than the principal amount of your investment at maturity.
Intraday monitoring will increase the risk of the downside threshold value being reached
The applicable pricing supplement will specify whether intraday monitoring or closing level monitoring will apply to the LASERS. If intraday monitoring applies, the downside threshold value will be reached if the index value, share price, basket value or any basket component intraday value, as applicable, declines to or below the downside threshold value at any time on any day during the period from but excluding the pricing date to and including the valuation date. As a result, the risk of the downside threshold value being reached is heightened with intraday monitoring as compared to closing level monitoring.
The LASERS are subject to the credit risk of Morgan Stanley, and any actual or anticipated changes to its credit ratings or credit spreads may adversely affect the market value of the LASERS
You are dependent on Morgan Stanley’s ability to pay all amounts due on the LASERS at maturity, and, therefore, you are subject to the credit risk of Morgan Stanley. If Morgan Stanley defaults on its obligations under
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the LASERS, your investment would be at risk and you could lose some or all of your investment. As a result, the market value of the LASERS prior to maturity will be affected by changes in the market’s view of Morgan Stanley’s creditworthiness. Any actual or anticipated decline in Morgan Stanley’s credit ratings or increase in the credit spreads charged by the market for taking Morgan Stanley credit risk is likely to adversely affect the market value of the LASERS.
Your appreciation potential may be limited
The appreciation potential of the LASERS will be limited by the maximum payment at maturity, if specified in the applicable pricing supplement, and the payment at maturity will never exceed the maximum payment at maturity.
The LASERS may not be listed on any securities exchange and secondary trading may be limited
Unless we specify otherwise in the applicable pricing supplement, the LASERS will not be listed on any securities exchange and there may be little or no secondary market for the LASERS. Our affiliate, MS & Co., may, but is not obligated to, make a market in the LASERS. Even if there is a secondary market, it may not provide enough liquidity to allow you to trade or sell the LASERS easily. Because we do not expect that other broker-dealers will participate significantly in the secondary market for the LASERS, the price at which you may be able to trade your LASERS is likely to depend on the price, if any, at which MS & Co. is willing to transact. If MS & Co. were not to make a market in the LASERS, it is likely that there would be no secondary market for the LASERS. Accordingly, you should be willing to hold your LASERS to maturity.
Market price of the LASERS may be influenced by many unpredictable factors
Several factors, many of which are beyond our control, will influence the value of the LASERS in the secondary market and the price at which MS & Co. may be willing to purchase or sell the LASERS in the secondary market, including:
• the value of any underlying index, underlying shares, basket component or basket as a whole at any time, including in relation to the specified downside threshold value,
• whether or not the downside threshold value has been reached,
• the volatility (frequency and magnitude of changes in value) of any underlying index, underlying shares, basket or basket component,
• interest and yield rates in the market,
• the dividend rate on the securities constituting the underlying index, basket index or any index underlying the underlying shares or basket ETF (a “share underlying index”),
• geopolitical conditions and economic, financial, political and regulatory or judicial events that affect the securities constituting any underlying index, basket index or share underlying index or stock markets generally and which may affect the values of the relevant underlying index, underlying shares or basket components,
• the time remaining to the maturity of the LASERS, and
• any actual or anticipated changes in our credit ratings or credit spreads.
Some or all of these factors will influence the price that you will receive if you sell your LASERS prior to maturity. For example, you may have to sell your LASERS at a substantial discount from the stated principal amount if the downside threshold value has been reached or is likely to be reached imminently in light of the then current levels of the underlying asset.
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You cannot predict the future performance of the underlying asset based on its historical performance. We cannot guarantee that the performance will be positive, so that you will receive at maturity an amount in excess of the stated principal amount of the LASERS.
Changes in the value of one or more of the basket components may offset each other
For LASERS linked to a basket, price movements in the basket components may not correlate with each other. At a time when the value of one or more of the basket components increases, the value of one or more of the other basket components may not increase as much or may decline in value. Therefore, in calculating either the closing value or intraday value of the basket, increases in the value of one or more of the basket components may be moderated, or wholly offset, by lesser increases or declines in the value of one or more of the other basket components.
You cannot predict the future performance of any of the basket components or of the basket as a whole, or whether increases in the values of any of the basket components will be offset by decreases in the values of other basket components, based on their historical performance.
The basket components may not be equally weighted
The basket components may have different weightings in the underlying basket. In such case, the same percentage change in two of the basket components could have different effects on the basket closing value because of the unequal weightings. For example, if the weighting of one basket component is greater than the weighting of another basket component, a 5% decrease in the value of the basket component with the greater weighting will have a greater impact on the basket closing value than a 5% increase in the value of the basket component with the lesser weighting.
In the case of LASERS with multiple valuation dates, the LASERS may pay less than the stated principal amount at maturity even where the value of the underlying asset on the final valuation date is higher than its value on the pricing date or basket setting date
For LASERS with multiple valuation dates, you will receive a payment at maturity that is greater than the stated principal amount of the LASERS only if the arithmetic average of the values of the underlying asset on each of the valuation dates is greater than its value on the pricing date or basket setting date. A value of the underlying asset which is higher than its value on the pricing date or basket setting date on any one valuation date may be partially or wholly offset by a value of the underlying asset which is lower than its value on the pricing date or basket setting date on any other valuation date. Consequently, it is possible that you will receive at maturity an amount less than the stated principal amount for each LASERS you hold, even if the underlying asset has increased substantially as of the final valuation date.
The inclusion of commissions and projected profit from hedging in the original issue price is likely to adversely affect secondary market prices
Assuming no change in market conditions or any other relevant factors, the price, if any, at which MS & Co. is willing to purchase the LASERS at any time in secondary market transactions will likely be significantly lower than the original issue price, since secondary market prices are likely to exclude commissions paid with respect to the LASERS and the cost of hedging our obligations under the LASERS that are included in the original issue price. The cost of hedging includes the projected profit that our subsidiaries may realize in consideration for assuming the risks inherent in managing the hedging transactions. These secondary market prices are also likely to be reduced by the costs of unwinding the related hedging transactions. Our subsidiaries may realize a profit from the expected hedging activity even if investors do not receive a favorable investment return under the terms of the LASERS or in any secondary market transaction. In addition, any secondary market prices may differ from values determined by pricing models used by MS & Co., as a result of dealer discounts, mark-ups or other transaction costs.
Adjustments to the underlying index or basket index could adversely affect the value of the LASERS
The underlying index publishers are responsible for calculating and maintaining any underlying index or basket index. Underlying index publishers can add, delete or substitute the stocks constituting any underlying index or
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basket index or make other methodological changes that could change the value of any underlying index or basket index. Any of these actions could adversely affect the value of the LASERS. The underlying index publishers have no obligation to consider your interests in calculating or revising the underlying index or any basket index.
The underlying index publishers may discontinue or suspend calculation or publication of the underlying index or basket index at any time. In these circumstances, MS & Co., as the calculation agent, will have the sole discretion to substitute a successor index that is comparable to the discontinued index. MS & Co. could have an economic interest that is different than that of investors in the LASERS insofar as, for example, MS & Co. is not precluded from considering indices that are calculated and published by MS & Co. or any of its affiliates. If MS & Co. determines that there is no appropriate successor index, at maturity the payout on the LASERS will be an amount based on the closing prices at maturity of the stocks underlying the discontinued index at the time of such discontinuance, without rebalancing or substitution, computed by the calculation agent in accordance with the formula for calculating the index last in effect prior to discontinuance of the underlying index or any basket index.
The ETF shares are different from the share underlying index
The performance of any ETF shares may not exactly replicate the performance of the relevant share underlying index because the exchange-traded fund relating to the ETF shares will reflect transaction costs and fees that are not included in the calculation of the share underlying index. It is also possible that any exchange-traded fund may not fully replicate or may in certain circumstances diverge significantly from the performance of the share underlying index due to the temporary unavailability of certain securities in the secondary market, the performance of any derivative instruments contained in such exchange-traded fund, differences in trading hours between such exchange-traded fund and the share underlying index or due to other circumstances. Additionally, the investment adviser of such exchange-traded fund may have authorization to invest up to a certain percentage of such exchange-traded fund’s assets in shares of other exchange-traded funds that seek to track the performance of equity securities of similar constituent countries or industries of the share underlying index.
The antidilution adjustments the calculation agent is required to make do not cover every event that could affect any underlying shares or basket ETF
MS & Co., as calculation agent, will adjust the amount payable at maturity for certain events affecting any underlying shares or basket ETF. However, the calculation agent will not make an adjustment for every event that could affect the underlying shares or basket ETF. If an event occurs that does not require the calculation agent to adjust the amount payable at maturity, the market price of the LASERS may be materially and adversely affected.
There are risks associated with investments in LASERS linked to the value of indices of foreign equity securities
Investments in LASERS linked to the value of indices of foreign equity securities involve risks associated with the foreign securities market, including volatility, governmental intervention and cross-shareholdings among companies in the foreign index. Also, there is generally less publicly available information about foreign companies than about U.S. companies that are subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission, and foreign companies are subject to accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and requirements different from those applicable to U.S. reporting companies.
The prices of securities in foreign markets may be affected by political, economic, financial and social factors in those countries, or global regions, including changes in government, economic and fiscal policies and currency exchange laws. Local securities markets may trade a small number of securities and may be unable to respond effectively to increases in trading volume, potentially making prompt liquidation of holdings difficult or impossible at times. Moreover, the economies in such countries may differ unfavorably from the economy in the United States in such respects as growth of gross national product, rate of inflation, capital reinvestment, resources and self-sufficiency.
The LASERS linked to certain indices are subject to currency exchange risk
If the prices of the component securities are converted into U.S. dollars for purposes of calculating the value of certain indices, holders of LASERS will be exposed to currency exchange rate risk with respect to each of the
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currencies represented in indices calculated in that manner. An investor’s net exposure will depend on the extent to which the currencies of the securities included in such an index strengthen or weaken against the U.S. dollar and the relative weight of each of those securities within the overall index. If, taking into account such weighting, the dollar strengthens against the component currencies, the value of the relevant index will be adversely affected and the payment at maturity of the LASERS may be reduced.
Of particular importance to potential currency exchange risk are:
· existing and expected rates of inflation;
· existing and expected interest rate levels;
· the balance of payments; and
· the extent of governmental surpluses or deficits in the underlying countries and the United States of America.
All of these factors are in turn sensitive to the monetary, fiscal and trade policies pursued by the governments of various component countries and the United States and other countries important to international trade and finance.
The calculation agent, which is a subsidiary of the issuer, will make determinations with respect to the LASERS
As calculation agent, MS & Co. will determine the initial value, final value (final average value), daily closing values and intraday values, if applicable, of the underlying asset, whether the downside threshold value has been reached, the multipliers, if applicable, and the payment at maturity. Determinations made by MS & Co., in its capacity as calculation agent, including with respect to the occurrence or non-occurrence of market disruption events and the selection of a successor index or calculation of any index closing value in the event of a discontinuance of the underlying index, may adversely affect the payout to you at maturity. See the definition of market disruption event under “Description of LASERS—General Terms of LASERS—Some Definitions” and the discussion under “Description of LASERS —Discontinuance of Any Underlying Index or Basket Index; Alteration of Method of Calculation.”
Investing in the LASERS is not equivalent to investing in the underlying asset
Investing in the LASERS is not equivalent to investing in the underlying index, underlying shares, share underlying index or individual basket components, or their component stocks. As an investor in the LASERS, you will not have voting rights or rights to receive dividends or other distributions or any other rights with respect to any underlying shares or to the stocks that constitute the underlying index, any basket index or any share underlying index.
Hedging and trading activity by our subsidiaries could potentially adversely affect the value of the LASERS
One or more of our subsidiaries will carry out hedging activities related to the LASERS (and possibly to other instruments linked to the underlying asset, or to any of the component stocks of the underlying index, any share underlying index or any basket component, as applicable), including trading in the stocks that constitute the underlying index, any share underlying index or any basket component as well as in other instruments related to the underlying asset. Some of our subsidiaries also trade the stocks that constitute the underlying index, any share underlying index or any basket component and other financial instruments related to the underlying asset on a regular basis as part of their general broker-dealer and other businesses. Any of these hedging or trading activities on or prior to the pricing date or any basket component setting date could potentially increase the value of the underlying asset on the pricing date or any basket component value on a basket component setting date and, therefore, could increase the level above which the underlying asset must remain so that the downside threshold value is not reached and, if the downside threshold value is reached, could increase the level at which the underlying asset must be on the valuation date before you would receive a payment at maturity that exceeds the stated principal amount of the LASERS. Additionally, such hedging or trading activities during the term of the LASERS could
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potentially affect the value of the underlying asset and the likelihood of the downside threshold value being reached and, accordingly, the amount of cash you will receive upon a sale of the LASERS or at maturity.
The U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the LASERS are uncertain
Except as otherwise provided in the applicable pricing supplement, although the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the LASERS are uncertain, we believe that, under current law, the LASERS should be treated as a single financial contract that is an “open transaction” for U.S. federal income tax purposes. If the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) were successful in asserting an alternative treatment for the LASERS, the timing and character of income on the LASERS might differ significantly from the tax treatment described in this product supplement. We do not plan to request a ruling from the IRS regarding the tax treatment of the LASERS, and the IRS or a court may not agree with the tax treatment described in the section entitled “United States Federal Taxation” in this product supplement.
For a LASERS linked to an equity interest in one of a specified list of entities, there is a substantial risk that an investment in the LASERS will be treated as a “constructive ownership transaction.” If this treatment applies, all or a portion of any long-term capital gain of a U.S. investor in respect of a LASERS could be recharacterized as ordinary income (and an interest charge would be imposed). U.S. investors should read the section entitled “United States Federal Taxation—Tax Consequences to U.S. Holders—Possible Application of Section 1260 of the Code” in this product supplement.
In 2007, the U.S. Treasury Department and the IRS released a notice requesting comments on the U.S. federal income tax treatment of “prepaid forward contracts” and similar instruments. The notice focuses in particular on whether to require holders of these instruments to accrue income over the term of their investment. It also asks for comments on a number of related topics, including the character of income or loss with respect to these instruments; whether short-term instruments should be subject to any such accrual regime; the relevance of factors such as the exchange-traded status of the instruments and the nature of the underlying property to which the instruments are linked; the degree, if any, to which income (including any mandated accruals) realized by non-U.S. investors should be subject to withholding tax; and whether these instruments are or should be subject to the “constructive ownership” regime (as discussed above). While the notice requests comments on appropriate transition rules and effective dates, any Treasury regulations or other guidance promulgated after consideration of these issues could materially and adversely affect the tax consequences of an investment in the LASERS, possibly with retroactive effect.
Please read carefully the section of this product supplement called “United States Federal Taxation” concerning the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the LASERS. Both U.S. and non-U.S. investors should consult their tax advisers regarding all aspects of the U.S. federal tax consequences of an investment in the LASERS, including possible alternative treatments, the issues presented by the notice and any tax consequences arising under the laws of any state, local or foreign taxing jurisdiction.
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DESCRIPTION OF LASERS
Investors should carefully read the general terms and provisions of our debt securities in “Description of Debt Securities” in the prospectus. This section supplements that description. The applicable pricing supplement will specify the particular terms for each issuance of LASERS, and may supplement, modify or replace any of the information in this section and in “Description of Debt Securities” in the prospectus. References in this product supplement to a LASERS shall refer to the stated principal amount specified as the denomination for that issuance of LASERS in the applicable pricing supplement.
The following terms used in this section are defined in the indicated sections of the accompanying prospectus:
• Senior Debt Indenture (“Description of Debt Securities—Indentures”)
• senior indebtedness (“Description of Debt Securities—Subordination Provisions”)
General Terms of LASERS
We will issue the LASERS as part of our Series F medium-term notes under the Senior Debt Indenture. The Series F medium-term notes issued under the Senior Debt Indenture, together with our senior Series G and Series H global medium-term notes, referred to below under “Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest),” will constitute a single series under that indenture, together with any other obligations we issue in the future under the Senior Debt Indenture that we designate as being part of that series. The Senior Debt Indenture does not limit the amount of additional indebtedness that we may incur. We may, without your consent, create and issue additional LASERS with the same terms as previous issuances of LASERS, so that the additional LASERS will be considered as part of the same issuance as the earlier LASERS.
Ranking . LASERS issued under the Senior Debt Indenture will rank on a parity with all of our other senior indebtedness and with all of our other unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness, subject to statutory exceptions in the event of liquidation upon insolvency.
EFPlaceholder Terms Specified in Pricing Supplements . A pricing supplement will specify the following terms of any issuance of LASERS to the extent applicable:
• the issue price (price to public);
• the stated principal amount per LASERS;
• the aggregate principal amount;
• the denominations or minimum denominations;
• the original issue date;
• the stated maturity date and any terms related to any extension of the maturity date not otherwise set forth in this product supplement;
• the underlying index or underlying shares or if the LASERS are linked to a basket, the basket components and the weightings and the multipliers for each of the basket components;
• the value of the underlying index, underlying shares or basket components, as applicable, on the pricing date or basket component setting date, as applicable;
• the valuation date(s);
• the downside threshold value;
• the fixed percentage;
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• the duration of the period during which the value of the underlying asset is observed for the purpose of determining whether the downside threshold value has been reached, if other than from but excluding the pricing date to and including the valuation date (or final valuation date, for LASERS with multiple valuation dates);
• the maximum payment at maturity, if applicable;
• whether closing level monitoring or intraday monitoring will apply and, in addition, for LASERS linked to a basket, whether the downside threshold value may be reached by the intraday value or the closing value of any basket component as opposed to the intraday value or the closing value of the basket as a whole;
• any upside participation rate by which any positive index return amount, share return amount or basket return amount, as applicable, is to be multiplied;
• whether the LASERS may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at our option or repaid at your option, prior to the stated maturity date, and the terms of any redemption or repayment;
• if any LASERS are not denominated and payable in U.S. dollars, the currency or currencies in which the principal, premium, if any, and interest, if any, will be paid, which we refer to as the “specified currency,” along with any other terms relating to the non-U.S. dollar denomination;
• whether the LASERS will be listed on any stock exchange;
• whether the LASERS will be issued in book-entry or certificated form;
• if the LASERS are in book-entry form, whether the LASERS will be offered on a global basis to investors through Euroclear and Clearstream, Luxembourg as well as through the Depositary (each as defined below); and
• any other terms on which we will issue the LASERS.
Some Definitions . We have defined some of the terms that we use frequently in this product supplement below:
“ adjustment factor ” means, for any LASERS linked to ETF shares, a number which is initially 1.0 and will be subject to adjustment for certain events affecting the ETF shares. See “––Antidilution Adjustments for LASERS linked to Exchange-Traded Funds” below.
“ basket ” means any basket of indices and/or exchange-traded funds that the LASERS may be linked to.
“ basket closing value ” on any day is the sum of the products of the basket component closing values of each of the basket components and the applicable multiplier for each of the basket components. In certain circumstances, the basket closing value will be based on the alternate calculation of any basket indices described under “—Discontinuance of Any Underlying Index or Basket Index; Alteration of Method of Calculation” and/or of any basket ETFs described under “—Discontinuance of Any ETF Shares and/or Share Underlying Index; Alteration of Method of Calculation.”
“ basket component ” means, for any LASERS linked to a basket, each basket index or basket ETF that is included in the basket.
“ basket component intraday value ” means, at any time on any day, (i) the index value for any basket index or (ii) the share price times the adjustment factor at such time for the shares of any basket ETF, as applicable.
“ basket component closing value ” means, on any day, (i) the index closing value on such day for any basket index or (ii) the share closing price times the adjustment factor on such day for the shares of any basket ETF, as applicable.
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“ basket component setting date ” means the pricing date, unless otherwise specified in the applicable pricing supplement. If the scheduled basket component setting date is not an index business day with respect to any basket index or is not a trading day with respect to any basket ETF and/or there is a market disruption event on such day with respect to any basket component, then the basket component setting date solely with respect to such basket component will be the next succeeding index business day or trading day, as applicable, on which there is no market disruption event with respect to such basket component.
“ basket ETF ” means, for any LASERS linked to a basket, any component exchange-traded fund of the underlying basket specified in the applicable pricing supplement.
“ basket index ” means, for any LASERS linked to a basket, any component index of the underlying basket specified in the applicable pricing supplement.
“ basket setting date ” means the date that is the last basket component setting date.
“ basket value ” at any time on any day is the sum of the products of the basket component intraday values of each of the basket components and the applicable multiplier for each of the basket components. In certain circumstances, the basket value will be based on the alternate calculation of any basket indices described under “—Discontinuance of Any Underlying Index or Basket Index; Alteration of Method of Calculation” and/or of any basket ETFs described under “—Discontinuance of Any ETF Shares and/or Share Underlying Index; Alteration of Method of Calculation.”
“ business day ” means any day, other than a Saturday or Sunday, that is neither a legal holiday nor a day on which banking institutions are authorized or required by law or regulation to close in The City of New York.
“ Clearstream, Luxembourg ” means Clearstream Banking, société anonyme .
“ closing level monitoring ” has the meaning specified under “—Payment at Maturity” below.
“ Depositary ” means The Depository Trust Company, New York, New York.
“ downside threshold value ” means a predetermined percentage of the closing value of the relevant underlying index, underlying shares, basket or basket components on the pricing date or the basket component setting date, as applicable. All calculations with respect to the determination of whether the downside threshold value is reached will be made in accordance with the rounding convention set forth under “––Calculation Agent and Calculations” below.
“ ETF shares ” means the underlying shares or shares of any basket ETF, as applicable.
“ Euroclear operator ” means Euroclear Bank S.A./N.V., as operator of the Euroclear System.
“ final average basket value ” means, if the applicable pricing supplement specifies multiple valuation dates, the arithmetic average of the basket closing values on each of the valuation dates, as calculated by the Calculation Agent on the final valuation date.
“ final average index value ” means, if the applicable pricing supplement specifies multiple valuation dates, the arithmetic average of the index closing values of the underlying index on each of the valuation dates, as calculated by the Calculation Agent on the final valuation date.
“ final average share price ” means, if the applicable pricing supplement specifies multiple valuation dates, the arithmetic average of the products of the share closing prices of one ETF share and the adjustment factor for such ETF share on each of the valuation dates, as calculated by the Calculation Agent on the final valuation date.
“ final basket component value ” means (i) the index closing value for any basket index on the valuation date or (ii) the share closing price on the valuation date times the adjustment factor on such date for the shares of any basket ETF, as applicable.
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“ final basket value ” means the basket closing value on the valuation date.
“ final index value ” means the index closing value of the underlying index on the valuation date.
“ final share price ” means the share closing price of one underlying share times the adjustment factor, each as determined by the Calculation Agent on the valuation date.
“ fixed percentage ” means the percentage specified as such in the applicable pricing supplement, which may be zero but will not be less than zero.
“ index business day ” means a day, for an underlying index or each basket index separately, as determined by the Calculation Agent, on which trading is generally conducted on each of the relevant exchange(s) for such underlying index or basket index, other than a day on which trading on such exchange(s) is scheduled to close prior to the time of the posting of its regular final weekday closing price.
“ index closing value ” means, on any index business day for the underlying index or a basket index, as applicable, the closing value of the underlying index or a basket index, as applicable, or any successor index (as defined under “—Discontinuance of Any Underlying Index or Basket Index; Alteration of Method of Calculation” below) published at the regular weekday close of trading on that index business day by the underlying index publisher. In certain circumstances, the index closing value will be based on the alternate calculation of the underlying index or basket index as described under “—Discontinuance of Any Underlying Index or Basket Index; Alteration of Method of Calculation or Basket Index.”
“ index value ” means, at any time on any day, the value of the underlying index or a basket index, as applicable, published at such time on such day on the applicable Bloomberg page or any successor page, or in the case of any successor index, the Bloomberg page or successor page for any such successor index. If such service or any successor service no longer displays the value of such index, then the Calculation Agent shall designate an alternate source for the determination of the value of such index, which shall be the publisher of the relevant underlying index or basket index, unless the Calculation Agent, in its sole discretion, determines that an alternate service has become the market standard for transactions related to such index.
“ initial basket value ” means a value set at 100 on the basket setting date, unless otherwise specified in the applicable pricing supplement.
“ initial index value ” means the index closing value of the underlying index on the pricing date or such other date as may be specified in the applicable pricing supplement.
“ initial share price ” means the share closing price of one underlying share on the pricing date or such other date as may be specified in the applicable pricing supplement.
“ intraday monitoring ” has the meaning specified under “—Payment at Maturity” below.
“ issue price ” means the amount per LASERS specified in the applicable pricing supplement and will equal the stated principal amount of each LASERS, unless otherwise specified.
“ market disruption event ” means,
(A) with respect to the underlying index or any basket index, the occurrence or existence of any of the following events, as determined by the Calculation Agent in its sole discretion:
(i) (a) a suspension, absence or material limitation of trading of stocks then constituting 20 percent or more of the value of the underlying index or basket index (or the successor index) on the relevant exchanges for such securities for more than two hours of trading or during the one-half hour period preceding the close of the principal trading session on such relevant exchange; or
(b) a breakdown or failure in the price and trade reporting systems of any relevant exchange as a result of which the reported trading prices for stocks then constituting 20 percent or more of the value of the underlying index or basket index or (or the successor index) during the last one-half hour preceding the close of the principal trading session on such relevant exchange are materially inaccurate; or
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(c) the suspension, material limitation or absence of trading on any major U.S. securities market for trading in futures or options contracts or exchange-traded funds related to the underlying index or basket index (or the successor index) for more than two hours of trading or during the one-half hour period preceding the close of the principal trading session on such market; and
(ii) a determination by the Calculation Agent in its sole discretion that any event described in clause (i) above materially interfered with our ability or the ability of any of our affiliates to unwind or adjust all or a material portion of the hedge position with respect to the LASERS.
For the purpose of determining whether a market disruption event exists at any time, if trading in a security included in the underlying index or any basket index is materially suspended or materially limited at that time, then the relevant percentage contribution of that security to the value of the underlying index or basket index shall be based on a comparison of (x) the portion of the value of the underlying index or basket index attributable to that security relative to (y) the overall value of the underlying index or basket index, in each case immediately before that suspension or limitation.
For the purpose of determining whether a market disruption event has occurred: (1) a limitation on the hours or number of days of trading will not constitute a market disruption event if it results from an announced change in the regular business hours of the relevant exchange or market, (2) a decision to permanently discontinue trading in the relevant futures or options contract or exchange-traded fund will not constitute a market disruption event, (3) a suspension of trading in futures or options contracts or exchange-traded funds on an underlying index or any basket index by the primary securities market trading in such contracts or funds by reason of (a) a price change exceeding limits set by such securities exchange or market, (b) an imbalance of orders relating to such contracts or funds, or (c) a disparity in bid and ask quotes relating to such contracts or funds will constitute a suspension, absence or material limitation of trading in futures or options contracts or exchange-traded funds related to the underlying index or basket index and (4) a “suspension, absence or material limitation of trading” on any relevant exchange or on the primary market on which futures or options contracts or exchange-traded funds related to the underlying index or any basket index are traded will not include any time when such securities market is itself closed for trading under ordinary circumstances.
(B) with respect to any ETF shares, the occurrence or existence of any of the following events, as determined by the Calculation Agent in its sole discretion:
(i) the occurrence or existence of a suspension, absence or material limitation of trading of the ETF shares on the primary market for the ETF shares for more than two hours of trading or during the one-half hour period preceding the close of the principal trading session in such market; or a breakdown or failure in the price and trade reporting systems of the primary market for the ETF shares as a result of which the reported trading prices for the ETF shares during the last one-half hour preceding the close of the principal trading session in such market are materially inaccurate; or the suspension, absence or material limitation of trading on the primary market for trading in futures or options contracts related to the ETF shares, if available, during the one-half hour period preceding the close of the principal trading session in the applicable market;
(ii) the occurrence or existence of a suspension, absence or material limitation of trading of stocks then constituting 20 percent or more of the value of the share underlying index on the relevant exchanges for such securities for more than two hours of trading or during the one-half hour period preceding the close of the principal trading session on such relevant exchanges; or
(iii) the suspension, material limitation or absence of trading on any major U.S. securities market for trading in futures or options contracts related to the share underlying index or the ETF shares for more than two hours of trading or during the one-half hour period preceding the close of the principal trading session on such market; and
(iv) a determination by the Calculation Agent in its sole discretion that any event described in clause (i), (ii) or (iii) above materially interfered with our ability or the ability of any of our affiliates to unwind or adjust all or a material portion of the hedge position with respect to the LASERS linked to ETF shares.
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For the purpose of determining whether a market disruption event exists at any time, if trading in a security included in the share underlying index is materially suspended or materially limited at that time, then the relevant percentage contribution of that security to the level of the share underlying index shall be based on a comparison of (x) the portion of the level of the share underlying index attributable to that security relative to (y) the overall level of the share underlying index, in each case immediately before that suspension or limitation.
For the purpose of determining whether a market disruption event has occurred: (1) a limitation on the hours or number of days of trading will not constitute a market disruption event if it results from an announced change in the regular business hours of the relevant exchange or market, (2) a decision to permanently discontinue trading in the ETF shares or in the futures or options contract related to the share underlying index or the ETF shares will not constitute a market disruption event, (3) a suspension of trading in futures or options contracts on the share underlying index or the ETF shares by the primary securities market trading in such contracts by reason of (a) a price change exceeding limits set by such securities exchange or market, (b) an imbalance of orders relating to such contracts or (c) a disparity in bid and ask quotes relating to such contracts will constitute a suspension, absence or material limitation of trading in futures or options contracts related to the share underlying index or the ETF shares and (4) a “suspension, absence or material limitation of trading” on any relevant exchange or on the primary market on which futures or options contracts related to the share underlying index or the ETF shares are traded will not include any time when such securities market is itself closed for trading under ordinary circumstances. Upon any permanent discontinuance of trading in the ETF shares, see “––Discontinuance of Any ETF Shares and/or Share Underlying Index; Alteration of Method of Calculation” below.
“ maturity date ” means the date specified in the applicable pricing supplement, subject to extension if the valuation date or final valuation date, as applicable, is postponed. If the valuation date or final valuation date, as applicable, is postponed so that it falls less than two business days prior to the scheduled maturity date, the maturity date will be postponed to the second business day following the valuation date or final valuation date, as applicable, as postponed. See “—Postponement of Valuation Date(s)” below.
“ maximum payment at maturity ” means the amount specified as such in the applicable pricing supplement, if any.
“ multiplier ” means, for LASERS linked to a basket, the fractional value assigned to each basket component so that each basket component will represent its applicable weighting in the predetermined initial basket value. The multipliers for each of the basket components, which will be specified in the applicable pricing supplement, will be calculated by the Calculation Agent on the relevant basket component setting date and will remain constant for the term of the LASERS.
For example, assuming an initial basket value of 100, the multiplier for a hypothetical basket index with a 40% weighting, whose index closing value on the basket setting date was 2,000, would be calculated as follows:
2,000 × multiplier = 100 × 40% = 40
Therefore,
multiplier = 40 / 2,000 = 0.02
“ original issue date ” means the date specified in the applicable pricing supplement on which a particular issuance of LASERS will be issued.
“ payment at maturity ” means the payment due at maturity with respect to each LASERS, as described under “—Payment at Maturity” below.
“ pricing date ” means the day when we price the LASERS for initial sale to the public.
“ relevant exchange ” means, (a) with respect to the underlying index or any basket index, the primary exchange(s) or market(s) of trading for (i) any security then included in such underlying index or basket index, or any successor index, and (ii) any futures or options contracts related to such underlying index or basket index or to any security then included in such underlying index or basket index, and (b) with respect to any ETF shares, the
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primary exchange(s) or market(s) of trading for any security (or any combination thereof) then included in the share underlying index or any successor index.
“ share closing price ” for any ETF shares (or one unit of any other security for which a share closing price must be determined) on any trading day means:
(i) if the relevant ETF shares (or any such other security) are listed on a national securities exchange (other than The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC (“NASDAQ”)), the last reported sale price, regular way, of the principal trading session on such day on the principal national securities exchange registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), on which the ETF shares (or any such other security) are listed,
(ii) if the ETF shares (or any such other security) are securities of NASDAQ, the official closing price published by NASDAQ on such day, or
(iii) if the ETF shares (or any such other security) are not listed on any national securities exchange but are included in the OTC Bulletin Board Service (the “OTC Bulletin Board”) operated by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”), the last reported sale price of the principal trading session on the OTC Bulletin Board on such day.
If the ETF shares (or any such other security) are listed on any national securities exchange but the last reported sale price or the official closing price published by NASDAQ, as applicable, is not available pursuant to the preceding sentence, then the share closing price for one ETF share (or one unit of any such other security) on any trading day will mean the last reported sale price of the principal trading session on the over-the-counter market as reported on NASDAQ or the OTC Bulletin Board on such day. If a market disruption event (as defined above) occurs with respect to the ETF shares (or any such other security) or the last reported sale price or the official closing price published by NASDAQ, as applicable, for the ETF shares (or any such other security) is not available pursuant to either of the two preceding sentences, then the share closing price for any trading day will be the mean, as determined by the Calculation Agent, of the bid prices for the ETF shares (or any such other security) for such trading day obtained from as many recognized dealers in such security, but not exceeding three, as will make such bid prices available to the Calculation Agent. Bids of Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC (“MS & Co.”) and its successors or any of its affiliates may be included in the calculation of such mean, but only to the extent that any such bid is the highest of the bids obtained. If no bid prices are provided from any third party dealers, the share closing price will be determined by the Calculation Agent in its sole and absolute discretion (acting in good faith) taking into account any information that it deems relevant. The term “OTC Bulletin Board Service” will include any successor service thereto. This definition of “share closing price” is subject to the provisions under “—Discontinuance of Any ETF Shares and/or Share Underlying Index; Alteration of Method of Calculation” below.
“ share price ” means for any ETF shares (or one unit of any other security for which a share price must be determined) at any time on any trading day means:
(i) if the relevant ETF shares (or any such other security) are listed on a national securities exchange (other than NASDAQ), the most recently reported sale price, regular way, at such time during the principal trading session on such day on the principal national securities exchange registered under the Exchange Act, on which the ETF shares (or any such other security) are listed,
(ii) if the ETF shares (or any such other security) are securities of NASDAQ, the most recently reported sale price, regular way, at such time during the principal trading session on such day quoted by NASDAQ, or
(iii) if the ETF shares (or any such other security) are not listed on any national securities exchange but are included in the OTC Bulletin Board operated by FINRA, the most recently reported sale price at such time during the principal trading session on the OTC Bulletin Board on such day. This definition of “share price” is subject to the provisions under “—Discontinuance of Any ETF Shares and/or Share Underlying Index; Alteration of Method of Calculation” below.
“ share underlying index ” means the index which the relevant ETF shares generally seek to track.
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“ stated principal amount ” for an issuance of LASERS shall be the principal amount per LASERS, as specified in the applicable pricing supplement.
“ trading day ” means a day, as determined by the Calculation Agent, on which trading is generally conducted on the New York Stock Exchange, NASDAQ, the Chicago Mercantile Exchange and the Chicago Board of Options Exchange and in the over-the-counter market for equity securities in the United States.
“ underlying index ” means the index specified in the applicable pricing supplement, the performance of which underlies the LASERS.
“ underlying index publisher ” means the publisher of the applicable underlying index or basket index.
“ underlying shares ” means the shares of the exchange-traded fund specified in the applicable pricing supplement, the performance of which underlies the LASERS.
“ upside participation rate ” means, with respect to any LASERS that provide for the possibility of a leveraged upside payment, the factor specified in the applicable pricing supplement by which any positive index return amount, share return amount or basket return amount, as applicable, is to be multiplied.
“ valuation date ” or “ valuation dates ” with respect to an issuance of LASERS will be specified in the applicable pricing supplement. If there is only one valuation date, the final index value, final share price or final basket value, as applicable, will be determined on that valuation date. If there are multiple valuation dates, then the final average index value, final average share price or final average basket value, as applicable, will be determined on the last valuation date, which we refer to as the “ final valuation date .”
“ valuation date monitoring ” has the meaning specified under “—Payment at Maturity” below.
“ weighting ” of a basket component in a basket means the percentage of the whole basket initially assigned to such basket component. The weightings will be specified in the applicable pricing supplement.
References in this product supplement to “ U.S. dollar ,” or “ U.S.$ ” or “ $ ” are to the currency of the United States of America.
In this “Description of LASERS,” references to the underlying index, basket index or share underlying index will include the index or indices specified in the applicable pricing supplement and any successor index or indices, unless the context requires otherwise.
Other terms of the LASERS are described in the following paragraphs.
Payment at Maturity
The payment at maturity for each LASERS will equal:
If the LASERS are linked to an underlying index,
stated principal amount + index return amount,
If the LASERS are linked to underlying shares,
stated principal amount + share return amount,
If the LASERS are linked to a basket,
stated principal amount + basket return amount;
in each case, subject to the maximum payment at maturity, if any, specified in the applicable pricing supplement.
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The applicable pricing supplement will specify whether intraday monitoring or closing level monitoring will apply. The calculation of the index return amount, share return amount or basket return amount, as applicable, will depend on:
If intraday monitoring is specified in the applicable pricing supplement,
· If the index value, the product of the share price and the then current adjustment factor, the basket value or any basket component intraday value, as applicable, is greater than the downside threshold value at all times during the period from but excluding the pricing date to and including the valuation date (or final valuation date, for LASERS with multiple valuation dates),
where,
| index percent change |
|---|
| initial index value |
| share percent change |
|---|
| initial share price |
| basket percent change |
|---|
| initial basket value |
In determining the index percent change, share percent change or basket percent change for LASERS with multiple valuation dates, “final average index value,” “final average share price” and “final average basket value” will be used in place of “final index value,” “final share price” and “final basket value,” respectively.
and where,
fixed percentage = the percentage specified as such in the applicable pricing supplement, which may be zero but not less than zero.
· If the index value, the product of the share price and the then current adjustment factor, the basket value or any basket component intraday value, as applicable, is less than or equal to the downside threshold value at any time on any day during the period from but excluding the pricing date to and including the valuation date (or final valuation date, for LASERS with multiple valuation dates),
index return amount = stated principal amount × index percent change
share return amount = stated principal amount × share percent change
basket return amount = stated principal amount × basket percent change
If closing level monitoring is specified in the applicable pricing supplement,
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· If the index closing value, the product of the share closing price and the then current adjustment factor, the basket closing value or any basket component closing value, as applicable, is greater than the downside threshold value on each day during the period from but excluding the pricing date to and including the valuation date (or final valuation date, for LASERS with multiple valuation dates),
where,
| index percent change |
|---|
| initial index value |
| share percent change |
|---|
| initial share price |
| basket percent change |
|---|
| initial basket value |
In determining the index percent change, share percent change or basket percent change for LASERS with multiple valuation dates, “final average index value,” “final average share price” and “final average basket value” will be used in place of “final index value,” “final share price” and “final basket value,” respectively.
and where,
fixed percentage = the percentage specified as such in the applicable pricing supplement, which may be zero but not less than zero.
· If the index closing value, the product of the share closing price and the then current adjustment factor, the basket closing value or any basket component closing value, as applicable, is less than or equal to the downside threshold value on any day during the period from but excluding the pricing date to and including the valuation date (or final valuation date, for LASERS with multiple valuation dates),
index return amount = stated principal amount × index percent change
share return amount = stated principal amount × share percent change
basket return amount = stated principal amount × basket percent change
For the purpose of determining whether the downside threshold value has been reached, intraday monitoring or closing level monitoring, as applicable, will continue to and including the valuation date (or final valuation date, for LASERS with multiple valuation dates) as may be postponed in accordance with “––Postponement of Valuation Date(s)” below. For LASERS where the downside threshold value may be reached by the value of any single basket component, monitoring of the intraday value or the closing value, as applicable, of such basket component will continue to and including the date on which the relevant final basket component value is determined.
If the downside threshold value has been reached and the index percent change, share percent change or basket percent change, as applicable, is negative, the index return amount, share return amount or basket return amount, as
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applicable, will be negative and you will receive less, and possibly significantly less, than the stated principal amount of your LASERS at maturity. Under these circumstances, the entire principal amount of your investment is at risk.
The payment at maturity will be subject to a maximum payment at maturity if so specified in the applicable pricing supplement and the relevant maximum payment at maturity would apply regardless of whether the downside threshold value has been reached.
In addition, the pricing supplement may specify that the LASERS have a leveraged return, which would mean that the index percent change, share percent change or basket percent change, as applicable, if positive, will be multiplied by an upside participation rate .
Valuation date monitoring
As an alternative to intraday monitoring and closing level monitoring, the pricing supplement may specify that valuation date monitoring applies, which would mean that the payment at maturity will be calculated as set forth above, except that the determination of whether the index closing value, share closing price (as adjusted by the adjustment factor), basket closing value or any basket component closing value, as applicable, is greater than the downside threshold value will be based on the value on the valuation date only , as further described in the applicable pricing supplement.
Postponement of Valuation Date(s)
In determining the value of the underlying asset on the valuation date(s) in connection with the calculation of the payment at maturity, the Calculation Agent will take into account market disruption events, non-index business days and/or non-trading days as follows:
For issuances of LASERS linked to a single index : If any scheduled valuation date is not an index business day or if a market disruption event with respect to the underlying index occurs on any such date, the index closing value for such date will be determined on the immediately succeeding index business day on which no market disruption event shall have occurred; provided that the index closing value with respect to the final valuation date will not be determined on a date later than the fifth index business day after the scheduled final valuation date, and if such date is not an index business day or if there is a market disruption event on such date, the Calculation Agent will determine the index closing value of the underlying index on such date in accordance with the formula for calculating such index last in effect prior to the commencement of the market disruption event (or prior to the non-index business day), without rebalancing or substitution, using the closing price (or, if trading in the relevant securities has been materially suspended or materially limited, its good faith estimate of the closing price that would have prevailed but for such suspension, limitation or non-index business day) on such date of each security most recently constituting the underlying index.
For issuances of LASERS linked to a single exchange-traded fund: If any scheduled valuation date is not a trading day or if a market disruption event with respect to the underlying shares occurs on any such date, the share closing price of an underlying share for such date will be determined on the immediately succeeding trading day on which no market disruption event shall have occurred; provided that the share closing price with respect to the final valuation date will not be determined on a date later than the fifth trading day after the scheduled final valuation date, and if such date is not a trading day or if there is a market disruption event on such date, the Calculation Agent will determine the share closing price of an underlying share on such date as the mean of the bid prices for the underlying shares for such date obtained from as many recognized dealers in such security, but not exceeding three, as will make such bid prices available to the Calculation Agent. Bids of MS & Co. or any of its affiliates may be included in the calculation of such mean, but only to the extent that any such bid is the highest of the bids obtained. If no bid prices are provided from any third party dealers, the share closing price will be determined by the Calculation Agent in its sole and absolute discretion (acting in good faith) taking into account any information that it deems relevant.
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For issuances of LASERS linked to a basket : If any scheduled valuation date is not an index business day or a trading day, as applicable, with respect to any basket component or if a market disruption event occurs on any such date with respect to any basket component, the index closing value or share closing price, as applicable, with respect to each such affected basket component will be determined on the immediately succeeding index business day or trading day, as applicable, on which no market disruption event occurs with respect to such affected basket component. The basket closing value for any valuation date will be determined on the date on which the index closing value or share closing price, as applicable, for each of the basket components for such valuation date has been determined; provided that the index closing value or share closing price, as applicable, for any affected basket component will not be determined on a date later than the fifth index business day or trading day after the scheduled final valuation date, and if such date is not an index business day or trading day, as applicable, or if there is a market disruption event with respect to the affected basket component on such date, the index closing value or share closing price for such basket component will be determined by the Calculation Agent in accordance with the procedures described in the applicable paragraph of the prior two paragraphs.
For issuances of LASERS that have multiple consecutive valuation dates: If any scheduled valuation date is not an index business day or trading day, as applicable, or if a market disruption event occurs on any such date, such valuation date shall be postponed to the immediately succeeding index business day or trading day, as applicable, on which no market disruption event shall have occurred. Each succeeding valuation date shall then be the next index business day or trading day, as applicable, following the preceding valuation date as postponed. The final average index value, final average share price or final average basket value, as applicable, shall be determined on the date on which the index closing values, share closing prices or basket closing values, as applicable, for all valuation dates have been determined; provided that (i) an index closing value, share closing price or basket closing value, as applicable, for any valuation date will not be determined on a date later than the tenth business day after the last scheduled valuation date, (ii) the index closing value, share closing price or basket closing value, as applicable, for any remaining valuation dates that would otherwise fall after such tenth business day shall be the index closing value, share closing price or basket closing value, as applicable, on such tenth business day and (iii) if such tenth business day is not an index business day or trading day, as applicable, or if there is a market disruption event on such date, the Calculation Agent will determine the index closing value, share closing price or basket closing value, as applicable, for any such remaining valuation dates in accordance with the procedures described in the applicable paragraph of the prior three paragraphs.
Antidilution Adjustments for LASERS linked to Exchange-Traded Funds
If the ETF shares are subject to a stock split or reverse stock split, then once such split has become effective, the adjustment factor will be adjusted to equal the product of the prior adjustment factor and the number of shares issued in such stock split or reverse stock split with respect to one ETF share. No such adjustment to the adjustment factor will be required unless such adjustment would require a change of at least 0.1% in the amount being adjusted as then in effect. Any number so adjusted will be rounded to the nearest one hundred-thousandth with five one-millionths being rounded upward.
Alternate Exchange Calculation in Case of an Event of Default
In case an event of default with respect to the LASERS shall have occurred and be continuing, the amount declared due and payable per LASERS upon any acceleration of the LASERS (an “ Event of Default Acceleration ”) shall be determined by the Calculation Agent and shall be an amount in cash equal to the payment at maturity calculated as if (i) the index closing value, share closing price or basket component closing value, as applicable, and any relevant adjustment factor on any valuation date scheduled to occur on or after the date of such acceleration were the relevant value on the date of acceleration and (ii) the period during which the value of the underlying asset is observed for the purpose of determining whether the downside threshold value has been reached ended at 4:00 p.m. on the date of acceleration (unless such period had already terminated prior to such date), plus , if applicable, any accrued but unpaid interest as of the date of such acceleration .
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If the maturity of the LASERS is accelerated because of an event of default as described above, we shall, or shall cause the Calculation Agent to, provide written notice to the Trustee at its New York office, on which notice the Trustee may conclusively rely, and to the Depositary of the cash amount due with respect to the LASERS as promptly as possible and in no event later than two business days after the date of acceleration.
Discontinuance of Any Underlying Index or Basket Index; Alteration of Method of Calculation
If the underlying index publisher discontinues publication of the underlying index or a basket index and such underlying index publisher or another entity (including MS & Co.) publishes a successor or substitute index that MS & Co., as the Calculation Agent, determines, in its sole discretion, to be comparable to the discontinued underlying index or basket index (such index being referred to herein as a “ successor index ”), then any subsequent index value of the underlying index or basket index will be determined by reference to the published value of such successor index at any time, and any subsequent index closing value of the underlying index or basket index will be determined by reference to the published value of such successor index at the regular weekday close of trading on any index business day that the index closing value is to be determined.
For the purpose of determining whether any subsequent index value of the underlying index or a basket index, as applicable, has resulted in the downside threshold having been reached, the deemed initial index value of the applicable successor index will be determined so that the difference between the index value of the applicable successor index at the time of discontinuance of the discontinued index and the deemed initial index value of such successor index represents the percentage difference between the initial index value of the discontinued index and the index value of such discontinued index at the time of its discontinuance. For example, if a hypothetical index, whose initial index value is 1,000, is discontinued with 1,100 as the last published index value prior to its discontinuance, and the index value of the successor index is 2,200 at the time of such discontinuance, the initial index value of such successor index will be deemed to be 2,000. The downside threshold value for such successor index will be computed based on such deemed initial index value. In the case of LASERS linked to a basket of indices, upon discontinuance of a basket index and substitution of such discontinued basket index with a successor index, the Calculation Agent will set the multiplier for the successor index so that such multiplier is equal to (i) the value of the discontinued basket index represented in the basket closing value on the last day on which the index closing value of the discontinued basket index was published prior to its discontinuance divided by (ii) the index closing value of the successor index on such day.
Upon any selection by the Calculation Agent of a successor index, the Calculation Agent will cause written notice thereof to be furnished to the Trustee, to us and to the Depositary, as holder of such LASERS, within three business days of such selection. We expect that such notice will be made available to you, as a beneficial owner of the relevant LASERS, in accordance with the standard rules and procedures of the Depositary and its direct and indirect participants.
If the underlying index publisher discontinues publication of the underlying index or a basket index prior to, and such discontinuance is continuing on, any valuation date, the date of acceleration or any day on which the index value or the index closing value is to be determined and MS & Co., as the Calculation Agent, determines, in its sole discretion, that no successor index is available at such time, then the Calculation Agent will determine the index closing value of the affected index for each such date. Following any determination that no successor index is available, the Calculation Agent will not compute the index value of the underlying index or any basket index on any index business day where intraday monitoring would otherwise have applied, and will instead rely on the index closing value of such underlying index or basket index as computed by the Calculation Agent for the purpose of determining whether the downside threshold value is reached. The index closing value of the affected index will be computed by the Calculation Agent in accordance with the formula for and method of calculating such affected index last in effect prior to such discontinuance, using the closing price (or, if trading in the relevant securities has been materially suspended or materially limited, its good faith estimate of the closing price that would have prevailed but for such suspension or limitation) at the close of the principal trading session of the relevant exchange on any valuation date, the date of acceleration or any day on which the index value or the index closing value is to be determined of each security most recently constituting the affected index without any rebalancing or substitution of such securities following such discontinuance. Notwithstanding these alternative arrangements, discontinuance of the publication of the underlying index or any basket index may adversely affect the value of the LASERS.
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If at any time the method of calculating the underlying index or basket index or successor index, or the value thereof, is changed in a material respect, or if the underlying index or basket index or successor index is in any other way modified so that such index does not, in the opinion of MS & Co., as the Calculation Agent, fairly represent the value of such index had such changes or modifications not been made, then, from and after such time, the Calculation Agent will, at any time at which the index value (and, if applicable, the basket value) is to be determined, make such calculations and adjustments as, in the good faith judgment of the Calculation Agent, may be necessary in order to arrive at a value of a stock index comparable to the underlying index or basket index or successor index, as the case may be, as if such changes or modifications had not been made, and the Calculation Agent will calculate the index value or the index closing value, as applicable, with reference to the underlying index or basket index or successor index, as adjusted. Accordingly, if the method of calculating the underlying index or basket index or successor index is modified so that the value of such index is a fraction of what it would have been if it had not been modified ( e.g. , due to a split in the index), then the Calculation Agent will adjust such index in order to arrive at a value of the underlying index or basket index or successor index as if it had not been modified ( e.g. , as if such split had not occurred).
Discontinuance of Any ETF Shares and/or Share Underlying Index; Alteration of Method of Calculation
If trading in the ETF shares on every applicable national securities exchange, on the OTC Bulletin Board and in the over-the-counter market is permanently discontinued or the exchange-traded fund relating to the ETF shares is liquidated or otherwise terminated (a “ discontinuance or liquidation event ”), the share price of the ETF shares at any time on any trading day, as well as the share closing price of the ETF shares on any trading day, following the discontinuance or liquidation event will be determined by the Calculation Agent and will be deemed to equal the product of (i) (a) the value of the share underlying index (or any successor index, as described below) at such time on such trading day, in the case of the share price, or (b) the closing value of the share underlying index (or any successor index, as described below) on such trading day in the case of the share closing price (in each case, taking into account any material changes in the method of calculating the share underlying index following such discontinuance or liquidation event) times (ii) a fraction, the numerator of which is the share closing price of the ETF shares and the denominator of which is the closing value of the share underlying index (or any successor index, as described below), each determined as of the last day prior to the occurrence of the discontinuance or liquidation event on which a share closing price of the ETF shares was available.
If, subsequent to a discontinuance or liquidation event, the index publisher of the share underlying index discontinues publication of the share underlying index and the index publisher of the share underlying index or another entity (including MS & Co.) publishes a successor or substitute index that MS & Co., as the Calculation Agent, determines, in its sole discretion, to be comparable to the discontinued share underlying index (such index being referred to herein as a “ successor index ”), then any subsequent share price at any time on any trading day, or share closing price on any trading day, following a discontinuance or liquidation event will be determined by reference to (a) the published value of such successor index at such time on such trading day, in the case of the share price, or (b) the published value of such successor index at the regular weekday close of trading on such trading day, in the case of the share closing price.
Upon any selection by the Calculation Agent of a successor index, the Calculation Agent will cause written notice thereof to be furnished to the Trustee, to us and to the Depositary, as holder of the LASERS linked to ETF shares, within three business days of such selection. We expect that such notice will be made available to you, as a beneficial owner of such LASERS, in accordance with the standard rules and procedures of the Depositary and its direct and indirect participants.
If, subsequent to a discontinuance or liquidation event, the index publisher of the share underlying index discontinues publication of the share underlying index prior to, and such discontinuance is continuing on, any valuation date, the date of acceleration or any day on which the share price or the share closing price is to be determined and MS & Co., as the Calculation Agent, determines, in its sole discretion, that no successor index is available at such time, then the Calculation Agent will determine the share closing price for such date. The share closing price will be computed by the Calculation Agent in accordance with the formula for calculating the share underlying index last in effect prior to such discontinuance, using the share closing price (or, if trading in the relevant securities has been materially suspended or materially limited, its good faith estimate of the share closing
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price that would have prevailed but for such suspension or limitation) at the close of the principal trading session of the relevant exchange on such date of each security most recently composing the share underlying index without any rebalancing or substitution of such securities following such discontinuance. Following any such determination that no successor index is available, the Calculation Agent will not compute the share price on any trading day where intraday monitoring would otherwise have applied, and will instead rely on the share closing price as computed by the Calculation Agent for the purpose of determining whether the downside threshold value is reached. Notwithstanding these alternative arrangements, discontinuance of the publication of the share underlying index may adversely affect the value of the LASERS linked to ETF shares.
Trustee
The “ Trustee ” for each offering of LASERS issued under our Senior Debt Indenture will be The Bank of New York Mellon, a New York banking corporation (as successor Trustee to JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.).
We shall, or shall cause the Calculation Agent to, (i) provide written notice to the Trustee and to the Depositary of the amount of cash to be delivered with respect to the stated principal amount of each LASERS, on or prior to 10:30 a.m. (New York City time) on the business day preceding the maturity date and (ii) deliver the aggregate cash amount due with respect to the LASERS to the Trustee for delivery to the Depositary, as holder of the LASERS, on the maturity date. We expect such amount of cash will be distributed to investors on the maturity date in accordance with the standard rules and procedures of the Depositary and its direct and indirect participants. See “—Forms of Securities—Book-Entry Securities” or “—Certificated Securities” below, and see “Forms of Securities—The Depositary” in the accompanying prospectus.
Agent
Unless otherwise specified in the applicable pricing supplement, the “ agent ” for each underwritten offering of LASERS will be MS & Co.
Calculation Agent and Calculations
The “ Calculation Agent ” for the LASERS will be MS & Co. As Calculation Agent, MS & Co. will determine the initial index value, final index value (or final average index value), index value, index closing value, initial share price, final share price (or final average share price), share price, share closing price, adjustment factor, initial basket value, final basket value (or final average basket value), basket value, basket closing value, basket component intraday value and/or basket component closing value, as applicable, of the underlying index, underlying shares, basket and/or basket components, as applicable, whether the value of the underlying asset has declined to or below the downside threshold value during the period from but excluding the pricing date to and including the valuation date, whether a market disruption event has occurred, the multipliers applicable to any basket component and the payment at maturity that we describe in the section of this product supplement called “—Alternate Exchange Calculation in Case of an Event of Default.”
All determinations made by the Calculation Agent will be at the sole discretion of the Calculation Agent and will, in the absence of manifest error, be conclusive for all purposes and binding on you, the Trustee and us.
All calculations with respect to the payment at maturity, if any, and the downside threshold value for LASERS linked to a single underlying index or a single exchange-traded fund will be rounded to the nearest one hundred-thousandth, with five one-millionths rounded upward ( e.g. , .876545 would be rounded to .87655); all dollar amounts related to determination of the amount of cash payable per LASERS will be rounded to the nearest ten-thousandth, with five one hundred-thousandths rounded upward ( e.g. , .76545 would be rounded up to .7655); and all dollar amounts paid on the aggregate number of LASERS will be rounded to the nearest cent, with one-half cent rounded upward.
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All calculations with respect to the payment at maturity, if any, and the downside threshold value for LASERS linked to a basket of indices and/or ETF shares will be rounded to the nearest one billionth, with five ten-billionths rounded upward ( e.g. , .9876543215 would be rounded to .987654322); all dollar amounts related to determination of the amount of cash payable per LASERS will be rounded to the nearest ten-thousandth, with five one hundred-thousandths rounded upward ( e.g. , .76545 would be rounded up to .7655); and all dollar amounts paid on the aggregate number of LASERS will be rounded to the nearest cent, with one-half cent rounded upward.
Because the Calculation Agent is our affiliate, the economic interests of the Calculation Agent and its affiliates may be adverse to your interests as an owner of the LASERS, including with respect to certain determinations and judgments that the Calculation Agent must make. See “—Discontinuance of Any Underlying Index or Basket Index; Alteration of Method of Calculation” or “—Discontinuance of Any ETF Shares and/or Share Underlying Index; Alteration of Method of Calculation,” as applicable, and the definition of market disruption event under “Description of LASERS—General Terms of LASERS—Some Definitions”. MS & Co., as a registered broker-dealer, is required to maintain policies and procedures regarding the handling and use of confidential proprietary information, and such policies and procedures will be in effect throughout the term of the LASERS to restrict the use of information relating to the calculations made by the Calculation Agent with respect to the LASERS prior to the dissemination of such information. MS & Co. is obligated to carry out its duties and functions as Calculation Agent in good faith and using its reasonable judgment.
Forms of Securities
As noted above, LASERS are issued as part of our Series F medium-term note program. We will issue LASERS only in fully registered form either as book-entry securities or as certificated securities. References to “holders” mean those who own LASERS registered in their own names, on the books that we or the Trustee maintain for this purpose, and not those who own beneficial interests in LASERS registered in street name or in LASERS issued in book-entry form through one or more depositaries.
Book-Entry Securities . For LASERS in book-entry form, we will issue one or more global certificates representing the entire issue of LASERS. Except as set forth in the prospectus under “Forms of Securities—Global Securities,” you may not exchange book-entry securities or interests in book-entry securities for certificated securities.
Each global security certificate representing book-entry securities will be deposited with, or on behalf of, the Depositary and registered in the name of the Depositary or a nominee of the Depositary. These certificates name the Depositary or its nominee as the owner of the LASERS. The Depositary maintains a computerized system that will reflect the interests held by its participants in the global securities. An investor’s beneficial interest will be reflected in the records of the Depositary’s direct or indirect participants through an account maintained by the investor with its broker/dealer, bank, trust company or other representative. A further description of the Depositary’s procedures for global securities representing book-entry securities is set forth under “Forms of Securities—The Depositary” in the prospectus. The Depositary has confirmed to us, the agent and each Trustee that it intends to follow these procedures.
Certificated Securities . If we issue LASERS in certificated form, the certificate will name the investor or the investor’s nominee as the owner of the LASERS. The person named in the security register will be considered the owner of the LASERS for all purposes under the Senior Debt Indenture. For example, if we need to ask the holders of any issuance of LASERS to vote on a proposed amendment to such LASERS, the person named in the security register will be asked to cast any vote regarding that issuance of LASERS. If you have chosen to have some other entity hold the certificates for you, that entity will be considered the owner of your LASERS in our records and will be entitled to cast the vote regarding your LASERS. You may not exchange certificated securities for book-entry securities or interests in book-entry securities.
New York Law to Govern . The LASERS will be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York.
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Interest and Principal Payments
You should read the section called “Description of Debt Securities” in the prospectus, where we describe generally how principal and interest payments, if any, on the LASERS are made, how exchanges and transfers of the LASERS are effected and how fixed and floating rates of interest on the LASERS, if any, are calculated.
USE OF PROCEEDS AND HEDGING
The net proceeds we receive from the sale of the LASERS will be used for general corporate purposes and, in part, in connection with hedging our obligations under the LASERS through one or more of our subsidiaries. See also “Use of Proceeds” in the accompanying prospectus. The original issue price of the LASERS includes the agent’s commissions (as shown on the cover page of the applicable pricing supplement) paid with respect to the LASERS and the cost of hedging our obligations thereunder. The cost of hedging includes the projected profit that our subsidiaries expect to realize in consideration for assuming the risks inherent in managing the hedging transactions. Since hedging our obligations entails risk and may be influenced by market forces beyond our or our subsidiaries’ control, such hedging may result in a profit that is more or less than initially projected, or could result in a loss.
On or prior to the pricing date or any basket component setting date, we, through our subsidiaries or others, expect to hedge our anticipated exposure in connection with the LASERS by taking positions in the stocks constituting the underlying index or a basket index, in futures or options contracts on the underlying index or a basket index or its component stocks listed on major securities markets or positions in any other available securities or instruments that we may wish to use in connection with such hedging and, if the LASERS are linked to ETF shares, by taking positions in the ETF shares, in options contracts on the ETF shares or positions in any other available securities or instruments that we may wish to use in connection with such hedging. Such purchase activity on or prior to the pricing date or any basket component setting date could potentially increase the value of the underlying asset on the pricing date or any basket component value on a basket component setting date and, therefore, could increase the level above which the underlying asset must remain so that the downside threshold value is not reached and, if the downside threshold value is reached, could increase the level at which the underlying asset must be on the valuation date(s) before you would receive a payment at maturity that exceeds the stated principal amount of the LASERS. In addition, through our subsidiaries, we are likely to modify our hedge position throughout the life of the LASERS, including on the valuation date(s), by purchasing and selling the stocks constituting the underlying index or a basket index, futures or options contracts on the underlying index or a basket index or its component stocks listed on major securities markets or positions in any other available securities or instruments that we may wish to use in connection with such hedging activities and, if the LASERS are linked to ETF shares, by purchasing and selling the ETF shares, options contracts relating to the ETF shares or any other available securities or instruments that we may wish to use in connection with such hedging activities. Such hedging or trading activities during the term of the LASERS could adversely affect the value of the underlying index, ETF shares, basket or basket components, as applicable, and accordingly, could increase the likelihood of the downside threshold value being reached. We cannot give any assurance that our hedging activities will not affect the value of the underlying asset and, therefore, adversely affect the value of the LASERS or the payment you will receive at maturity.
LASERS OFFERED ON A GLOBAL BASIS
If we offer the LASERS on a global basis, we will so specify in the applicable pricing supplement. The additional information contained in the prospectus under “Securities Offered on a Global Basis Through the Depositary—Book-Entry, Delivery and Form” and “—Global Clearance and Settlement Procedures” will apply to every offering on a global basis. The additional provisions described under “Securities Offered on a Global Basis Through the Depositary—Tax Redemption” and “—Payment of Additional Amounts” will apply to LASERS offered on a global basis only if we so specify in the applicable pricing supplement.
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BENEFIT PLAN INVESTOR CONSIDERATIONS
Each fiduciary of a pension, profit-sharing or other employee benefit plan subject to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ ERISA ”) (a “ Plan ”), should consider the fiduciary standards of ERISA in the context of the Plan’s particular circumstances before authorizing an investment in the LASERS. Accordingly, among other factors, the fiduciary should consider whether the investment would satisfy the prudence and diversification requirements of ERISA and would be consistent with the documents and instruments governing the Plan.
In addition, we and certain of our subsidiaries and affiliates, including MS & Co., may be considered a “party in interest” within the meaning of ERISA, or a “disqualified person” within the meaning of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “ Code ”), with respect to many Plans, as well as many individual retirement accounts and Keogh plans (also “ Plans ”). ERISA Section 406 and Code Section 4975 generally prohibit transactions between Plans and parties in interest or disqualified persons. Prohibited transactions within the meaning of ERISA or the Code would likely arise, for example, if the LASERS are acquired by or with the assets of a Plan with respect to which MS & Co. or any of its affiliates is a service provider or other party in interest, unless the LASERS are acquired pursuant to an exemption from the “prohibited transaction” rules. A violation of these “prohibited transaction” rules could result in an excise tax or other liabilities under ERISA and/or Section 4975 of the Code for those persons, unless exemptive relief is available under an applicable statutory or administrative exemption.
The U.S. Department of Labor has issued five prohibited transaction class exemptions (“ PTCEs ”) that may provide exemptive relief for direct or indirect prohibited transactions resulting from the purchase or holding of the LASERS. Those class exemptions are PTCE 96-23 (for certain transactions determined by in-house asset managers), PTCE 95-60 (for certain transactions involving insurance company general accounts), PTCE 91-38 (for certain transactions involving bank collective investment funds), PTCE 90-1 (for certain transactions involving insurance company separate accounts) and PTCE 84-14 (for certain transactions determined by independent qualified professional asset managers). In addition, ERISA Section 408(b)(17) and Section 4975(d)(20) of the Code may provide an exemption for the purchase and sale of securities and the related lending transactions, provided that neither the issuer of the securities nor any of its affiliates has or exercises any discretionary authority or control or renders any investment advice with respect to the assets of the Plan involved in the transaction, and provided further that the Plan pays no more, and receives no less, than “adequate consideration” in connection with the transaction (the so-called “service provider” exemption). There can be no assurance that any of these class or statutory exemptions will be available with respect to transactions involving the LASERS.
Because we may be considered a party in interest with respect to many Plans, the LASERS may not be purchased, held or disposed of by any Plan, any entity whose underlying assets include “plan assets” by reason of any Plan’s investment in the entity (a “ Plan Asset Entity ”) or any person investing “plan assets” of any Plan, unless such purchase, holding or disposition is eligible for exemptive relief, including relief available under PTCEs 96-23, 95-60, 91-38, 90-1, 84-14 or the service provider exemption or such purchase, holding or disposition is otherwise not prohibited. Any purchaser, including any fiduciary purchasing on behalf of a Plan, transferee or holder of the LASERS will be deemed to have represented, in its corporate and its fiduciary capacity, by its purchase and holding thereof that either (a) it is not a Plan or a Plan Asset Entity, is not purchasing such LASERS on behalf of or with “plan assets” of any Plan or with any assets of a governmental, non-U.S. or church plan that is subject to any federal, state, local or non-U.S. law that is substantially similar to the provisions of Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code (“Similar Law”) or (b) its purchase, holding and disposition are eligible for exemptive relief or such purchase, holding or disposition are not prohibited by ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code or any Similar Law.
Due to the complexity of these rules and the penalties that may be imposed upon persons involved in non-exempt prohibited transactions, it is particularly important that fiduciaries or other persons considering purchasing the LASERS on behalf of or with “plan assets” of any Plan consult with their counsel regarding the availability of exemptive relief.
Each purchaser and holder of the LASERS has exclusive responsibility for ensuring that its purchase, holding and disposition of the LASERS do not violate the prohibited transaction rules of ERISA or the Code or any Similar Law. The sale of any LASERS to any Plan or plan subject to Similar Law is in no respect a representation by us or any of our affiliates or representatives that such an investment meets all relevant legal requirements with respect to
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investments by plans generally or any particular plan, or that such an investment is appropriate for plans generally or any particular plan.
UNITED STATES FEDERAL TAXATION
The following is a general discussion of the material U.S. federal income tax consequences and certain estate tax consequences of ownership and disposition of the LASERS.
The discussion below assumes that the LASERS will not pay any stated interest. The U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in any LASERS that provide for stated interest will be set forth in the applicable pricing supplement.
This discussion applies only to initial investors in the LASERS who:
· purchase the LASERS at their “issue price,” which will equal the first price at which a substantial amount of the LASERS is sold to the public (not including bond houses, brokers, or similar persons or organizations acting in the capacity of underwriters, placement agents or wholesalers); and
· will hold the LASERS as capital assets within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”).
Subject to any additional discussion in the applicable pricing supplement, it is expected, and the discussion below assumes, that, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the issue price of a LASERS is equal to its stated issue price indicated in the applicable pricing supplement.
This discussion does not describe all of the tax consequences that may be relevant to a holder in light of the holder’s particular circumstances or to holders subject to special rules, such as:
· certain financial institutions;
· insurance companies;
· certain dealers and traders in securities, commodities or foreign currencies;
· investors holding the LASERS as part of a hedging transaction, “straddle,” wash sale, conversion transaction, integrated transaction or constructive sale transaction;
· U.S. Holders (as defined below) whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar;
· partnerships or other entities classified as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes;
· regulated investment companies;
· real estate investment trusts;
· tax exempt entities, including “individual retirement accounts” or “Roth IRAs” as defined in Section 408 or 408A of the Code, respectively; or
· persons subject to the alternative minimum tax.
In addition, we will not attempt to ascertain whether any issuer of any shares to which a LASERS relates, whether an individual stock or a component of a stock index (such shares hereafter referred to as “Underlying Shares”), is treated as a “passive foreign investment company” (“PFIC”) within the meaning of Section 1297 of the Code or as a “United States real property holding corporation” (“USRPHC”) within the meaning of Section 897 of the Code. If any issuer of the Underlying Shares were so treated, certain adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences might apply to a U.S. Holder (as defined below) in the case of a PFIC and to a Non-U.S. Holder (as defined below) in the case of a USRPHC, upon the sale, exchange or settlement of a LASERS. You should refer to information filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission or another governmental authority by the issuers of the Underlying Shares and consult your tax adviser regarding the possible consequences to you if any issuer is or becomes a PFIC or USRPHC.
As the law applicable to the U.S. federal income taxation of instruments such as the LASERS is technical and complex, the discussion below necessarily represents only a general summary. Moreover, the effect of any applicable state, local or foreign tax laws is not discussed.
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This discussion is based on the Code, administrative pronouncements, judicial decisions and final, temporary and proposed Treasury regulations, all as of the date hereof, changes to any of which subsequent to the date of this product supplement may affect the tax consequences described herein. Persons considering the purchase of the LASERS should consult their tax advisers with regard to the application of the U.S. federal income tax laws to their particular situations and any tax consequences arising under the laws of any state, local or foreign taxing jurisdiction.
This discussion is subject to any additional discussion regarding U.S. federal income taxation contained in the applicable pricing supplement. Accordingly, you should also consult the applicable pricing supplement for any additional discussion of U.S. federal income taxation with respect to the specific LASERS offered thereunder.
General
Except as otherwise provided in the applicable pricing supplement and based on certain representations that will be confirmed at or prior to the pricing date with respect to each offering , under current law, a LASERS should be treated as a single financial contract that is an “open transaction” for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Due to the absence of statutory, judicial or administrative authorities that directly address the treatment of the LASERS or instruments that are similar to the LASERS for U.S. federal income tax purposes, no assurance can be given that the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) or the courts will agree with the treatment described herein. Accordingly, you should consult your tax adviser regarding all aspects of the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the LASERS (including possible alternative treatments of the LASERS) and with respect to any tax consequences arising under the laws of any state, local or foreign taxing jurisdiction. Unless otherwise stated, the following discussion is based on the treatment of the LASERS described above.
Tax Consequences to U.S. Holders
This section applies to you only if you are a U.S. Holder. As used herein , the term “U.S. Holder” means a beneficial owner of a LASERS that is, for U.S. federal income tax purposes:
· a citizen or individual resident of the United States;
· a corporation, or other entity taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia; or
· an estate or trust the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source.
The term “U.S. Holder” also includes certain former citizens and residents of the United States.
Tax Treatment of the LASERS
Tax Treatment Prior to Settlement. A U.S. Holder should not be required to recognize taxable income over the term of the LASERS prior to settlement, other than pursuant to a sale or exchange as described below.
Tax Basis . A U.S. Holder’s tax basis in the LASERS should equal the amount paid by the U.S. Holder to acquire the LASERS.
Sale, Exchange or Settlement of the LASERS . Upon a sale, exchange or settlement of the LASERS, a U.S. Holder should recognize gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount realized on the sale, exchange or settlement and the U.S. Holder’s tax basis in the LASERS sold, exchanged or settled. Subject to the discussion below about the possible application of Sections 1260, 1258 and 1256 of the Code, any gain or loss recognized upon sale, exchange or settlement of a LASERS should be long-term capital gain or loss if the U.S. Holder has held the LASERS for more than one year at such time, and short-term capital gain or loss otherwise.
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Possible Application of Section 1260 of the Code
If a LASERS is linked to an equity interest in one of a specified list of entities (“Pass-Thru Entities”), including an exchange-traded fund or other regulated investment company, a real estate investment trust, partnership or PFIC, there is a substantial risk that an investment in the LASERS will be treated as a “constructive ownership transaction” as defined in Section 1260 of the Code. A “constructive ownership transaction” is defined to include, among others, any contract to “provide or receive credit for the future value of any financial asset” of the type listed in the previous sentence. If the acquisition of a LASERS is a constructive ownership transaction, all or a portion of any long-term capital gain recognized by a U.S. Holder in respect of the LASERS could be recharacterized as ordinary income (the “Recharacterized Gain”). In addition, an interest charge would be imposed on any deemed underpayment of tax for each year that the constructive ownership transaction was open. The amount of the interest charge is determined by treating any Recharacterized Gain as having accrued such that the gain in each successive year is equal to the gain in the prior year increased by the applicable federal rate (determined as of the date of sale, exchange or settlement of the LASERS) during the term of the constructive ownership transaction.
Under Section 1260 of the Code, the Recharacterized Gain will equal the excess of (i) any long-term capital gain recognized by a U.S. Holder in respect of a LASERS over (ii) the “net underlying long-term capital gain” (as defined in Section 1260 of the Code). The amount of Recharacterized Gain, if any, will depend on, among other things, the terms of the LASERS. If the LASERS provide for a return that is a multiple of the return of the equity interest, the excess return due to the multiple could be treated as Recharacterized Gain. If a U.S. Holder receives only a fixed upside payment, it is unclear to what extent any long-term capital gain of the U.S. Holder in respect of the LASERS would be treated as Recharacterized Gain. Because the fixed upside payment is payable in circumstances even when there is only a small increase in the value of the underlying, it is possible that any long-term capital gain recognized by the U.S. Holder on the LASERS will significantly exceed the net underlying long-term capital gain if the fixed upside payment is comparatively large. Under Section 1260 of the Code, the amount of net underlying long-term capital gain will be treated as zero unless otherwise “established by clear and convincing evidence.” Unless otherwise provided in the applicable pricing supplement, due to the lack of governing authority, our counsel is expected to be unable to opine as to whether or how Section 1260 of the Code applies to LASERS linked to Pass-Thru Entities. U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisers regarding the potential application of the “constructive ownership” rule to the LASERS.
Possible Application of Section 1258 of the Code
It is possible that an investment in the LASERS could be treated as a “conversion transaction” under Section 1258 of the Code. A conversion transaction is a transaction marketed or sold as producing capital gains and from which substantially all of the taxpayer’s expected return is attributable to the time value of the taxpayer’s net investment. If an investment in the LASERS were treated as a conversion transaction, the gain from the sale, exchange or settlement of the LASERS would be treated as ordinary income to the extent of the “applicable imputed income amount.” The “applicable imputed income amount” is an amount equal to the amount of interest that would have accrued on the taxpayer’s net investment in the conversion transaction (i.e., the amount paid by the U.S. Holder to acquire the LASERS) for the period ending on the date of sale (including a deemed sale under the mark-to-market treatment discussed below under “—Possible Application of Section 1256 of the Code”), exchange or settlement at a rate equal to 120 percent of the applicable federal rate. Unless otherwise provided in the applicable pricing supplement, Section 1258 of the Code should not apply to the LASERS. U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisers regarding the possible application of Section 1258 of the Code to the LASERS.
Possible Application of Section 1256 of the Code
Special rules will apply if a LASERS, in whole or in part, constitutes a “Section 1256 Contract” under Section 1256 of the Code. Section 1256 Contracts include, among others, “listed options.” Accordingly, if a LASERS is listed on (or subject to the rules of) an exchange, board of trade or market, it is possible that the LASERS may be treated, in whole or in part, as a Section 1256 Contract. If Section 1256 of the Code were to apply to a LASERS, U.S. Holders would be required (i) to mark to market all, or a portion, of the LASERS as if it were sold at its fair market value on the last business day of each year it is held, and (ii) to recognize any gain or loss in respect of the portion of the LASERS that is treated as a Section 1256 Contract as 40% short-term capital gain or loss and 60% long-term capital gain or loss. Unless otherwise provided in the applicable pricing supplement, Section 1256 of the
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Code should not apply to the LASERS, even if the LASERS are listed on an exchange, board of trade or market. U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisers regarding the potential application of Section 1256 of the Code to the LASERS.
Possible Alternative Tax Treatments of an Investment in the LASERS
Due to the absence of authorities that directly address the proper characterization of the LASERS, no assurance can be given that the IRS will accept, or that a court will uphold, the treatment described above. The IRS could, for instance, seek to treat a LASERS as a debt instrument. Because the LASERS provide for the return of principal except where the value of the underlying asset declines to or below the downside threshold value , the risk that they would be recharacterized, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, as debt instruments giving rise to ordinary income, rather than as open transactions, is higher than with other equity-linked securities that do not contain similar provisions.
If a LASERS that matures (after taking into account the last possible date that the LASERS could be outstanding under its terms) more than one year from its date of issuance were treated as a debt instrument, it would be subject to Treasury regulations governing contingent payment debt instruments (the “Contingent Debt Regulations”) . If the IRS were successful in asserting that the Contingent Debt Regulations applied to the LASERS, the timing and character of income thereon would be significantly affected. Among other things, a U.S. Holder would be required to accrue into income original issue discount (“OID”) on the LASERS every year at a “comparable yield” determined at the time of its issuance. Furthermore, any gain realized by a U.S. Holder at maturity or upon a sale, exchange or other disposition of the LASERS would generally be treated as ordinary income, and any loss realized would be treated as ordinary loss to the extent of the U.S. Holder’s prior accruals of OID, and as capital loss thereafter.
In addition, the IRS could seek to treat a LASERS that matures (after taking into account the last possible date that the LASERS could be outstanding under its terms) one year or less from its date of issuance (a “Short-term LASERS”) as a short-term debt obligation. Under such a treatment, the timing and character of income thereon would be significantly affected. Among other things, gain realized by a U.S. Holder upon settlement of a Short-term LASERS would be treated as ordinary income. In addition, such a Short-term LASERS would be treated as issued with OID. Moreover, (1) gain recognized by a U.S. Holder upon the sale, exchange or other disposition of the Short-term LASERS would be treated as ordinary income to the extent of any accrued OID, and (2) accrual-method U.S. Holders (and cash-method U.S. Holders that elect to apply an accrual method of tax accounting to the Short-term LASERS) might be required to accrue into income OID over the term of the Short-term LASERS before maturity. However, the amount of accrued OID would be unclear because the amount payable at maturity of the Short-term LASERS would not be known as of the issue date. U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisers with respect to the U.S. federal income tax treatment of a Short-term LASERS.
Even if the Contingent Debt Regulations or short-term debt treatment do not apply to the LASERS, other alternative U.S. federal income tax treatments of the LASERS are possible, which, if applied, could significantly affect the timing and character of the income or loss with respect to the LASERS. It is possible, for example, that a LASERS could be treated as a unit consisting of a loan and a forward contract, in which case a U.S. Holder would be required to accrue OID as income on a current basis. Accordingly, prospective investors should consult their tax advisers regarding all aspects of the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the LASERS.
In 2007, the U.S. Treasury Department and the IRS released a notice requesting comments on the U.S. federal income tax treatment of “prepaid forward contracts” and similar instruments. The notice focuses in particular on whether to require holders of these instruments to accrue income over the term of their investment. It also asks for comments on a number of related topics, including the character of income or loss with respect to these instruments; whether short-term instruments should be subject to any such accrual regime; the relevance of factors such as the exchange-traded status of the instruments and the nature of the underlying property to which the instruments are linked; and whether these instruments are or should be subject to the “constructive ownership” regime (as discussed above). While the notice requests comments on appropriate transition rules and effective dates, any Treasury regulations or other guidance promulgated after consideration of these issues could materially and adversely affect the tax consequences of an investment in the LASERS, possibly with retroactive effect. Accordingly, prospective
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investors should consult their tax advisers regarding all aspects of the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the LASERS, including the possible implications of this notice.
Backup Withholding and Information Reporting
Backup withholding may apply in respect of payments on the LASERS and the proceeds from a sale, exchange or other dispostion of the LASERS, unless a U.S. Holder provides proof of an applicable exemption or a correct taxpayer identification number, and otherwise complies with applicable requirements of the backup withholding rules. The amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules are not an additional tax and may be refunded, or credited against the U.S. Holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, provided that the required information is furnished to the IRS. In addition, information returns may be filed with the IRS in connection with payments on the LASERS and the proceeds from a sale, exchange or other disposition of the LASERS, unless the U.S. Holder provides proof of an applicable exemption from the information reporting rules.
Tax Consequences to Non-U.S. Holders
This section applies to you only if you are a Non-U.S. Holder. As used herein, the term “Non-U.S. Holder” means a beneficial owner of a LASERS that is, for U.S. federal income tax purposes:
· an individual who is classified as a nonresident alien;
· a foreign corporation; or
· a foreign estate or trust.
The term “Non-U.S. Holder” does not include any of the following holders:
· a holder who is an individual present in the United States for 183 days or more in the taxable year of disposition and who is not otherwise a resident of the United States for U.S. federal income tax purposes;
· certain former citizens or residents of the United States; or
· a holder for whom income or gain in respect of the LASERS is effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business in the United States.
Such holders should consult their tax advisers regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the LASERS.
Tax Treatment upon Sale, Exchange or Settlement of a LASERS
Unless otherwise provided in the applicable pricing supplement, the LASERS should be treated as a single financial contract that is an “open transaction” for U.S. federal income tax purposes as described above and the discussion herein assumes such treatment.
Subject to the discussion on backup withholding, the possible application of Sections 871(m) and 897 of the Code, and the discussion below under “—Legislation Affecting Certain Non-U.S. Holders,” a Non-U.S. Holder of the LASERS will not be subject to U.S. federal income or withholding tax in respect of amounts paid to the Non-U.S. Holder.
If all or any portion of a LASERS were recharacterized as a debt instrument, any payment made to a Non-U.S. Holder with respect to the LASERS would not be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax, provided that:
· the Non-U.S. Holder does not own, directly or by attribution, ten percent or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of our stock entitled to vote;
· the Non-U.S. Holder is not a controlled foreign corporation related, directly or indirectly, to us through stock ownership;
· the Non-U.S. Holder is not a bank receiving interest under Section 881(c)(3)(A) of the Code; and
· the certification requirement described below has been fulfilled with respect to the beneficial owner.
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Certification Requirement . The certification requirement referred to in the preceding paragraph will be fulfilled if the beneficial owner of a LASERS (or a financial institution holding a LASERS on behalf of the beneficial owner) furnishes to the applicable withholding agent an IRS Form W-8BEN on which the beneficial owner certifies under penalties of perjury that it is not a U.S. person.
In 2007, the U.S. Treasury Department and the IRS released a notice requesting comments on the U.S. federal income tax treatment of “prepaid forward contracts” and similar instruments. Among the issues addressed in the notice is the degree, if any, to which any income with respect to instruments such as the LASERS should be subject to U.S. withholding tax. It is possible that any Treasury regulations or other guidance issued after consideration of this issue could materially and adversely affect the withholding tax consequences of ownership and disposition of the LASERS , possibly on a retroactive basis. Non-U.S. Holders should note that we currently do not intend to withhold on any of the payments made with respect to the LASERS to Non-U.S. Holders (subject to compliance by such holders with the certification requirement described above). However, in the event of a change of law or any formal or informal guidance by the IRS, the U.S. Treasury Department or Congress, we may decide to withhold on payments made with respect to the LASERS to Non-U.S. Holders and we will not be required to pay any additional amounts with respect to amounts withheld. Accordingly, Non-U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisers regarding all aspects of the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the LASERS , including the possible implications of the notice referred to above.
Possible Application of Section 871(m) of the Code
Since the settlement payment with respect to a LASERS could be determined by reference to a “total return index” that reflects a notional reinvestment of dividends, or certain adjustments could be made to reflect payments of extraordinary dividends with respect to an underlying, it is possible that Section 871(m) of the Code could apply to the LASERS. If Section 871(m) of the Code were to apply, the settlement payment would be treated, in whole or in part, as a “dividend equivalent” from sources within the United States. In that case, a Non-U.S. Holder would be subject to withholding tax at a rate equal to 30%, or a lesser rate pursuant to an applicable tax treaty, with respect to the dividend equivalent amounts. Because the IRS and the U.S. Treasury Department have not issued any guidance on the scope and application of Section 871(m) of the Code, we currently do not intend to withhold on payments to Non-U.S. Holders with respect to the LASERS (subject to compliance by such holders with the certification requirement described above). If, however, withholding is required as a result of any future guidance from the IRS and the U.S. Treasury Department, we will not be required to pay any additional amounts with respect to amounts so withheld. Unless otherwise provided in the applicable pricing supplement, due to the lack of governing authority, our counsel is expected to be unable to opine as to whether or how Section 871(m) of the Code applies to the LASERS.
U.S. Federal Estate Tax
Individual Non-U.S. Holders and entities the property of which is potentially includible in such an individual’s gross estate for U.S. federal estate tax purposes (for example, a trust funded by such an individual and with respect to which the individual has retained certain interests or powers), should note that, absent an applicable treaty benefit, the LASERS are likely to be treated as U.S. situs property subject to U.S. federal estate tax. Prospective investors that are non-U.S. individuals, or are entities of the type described above, should consult their tax advisers regarding the U.S. federal estate tax consequences of an investment in the LASERS.
Backup Withholding and Information Reporting
Information returns may be filed with the IRS in connection with the payment on the LASERS at maturity as well as in connection with the proceeds from a sale, exchange or other disposition of the LASERS. A Non-U.S. Holder may be subject to backup withholding in respect of amounts paid to the Non-U.S. Holder, unless such Non-U.S. Holder complies with certification procedures to establish that it is not a U.S. person for U.S. federal income tax purposes or otherwise establishes an exemption. Compliance with the certification procedures described above under “ ― Tax Treatment upon Sale, Exchange or Settlement of a LASERS ” will satisfy the certification requirements necessary to avoid backup withholding as well. The amount of any backup withholding from a payment to a Non-U.S. Holder will be allowed as a credit against the Non-U.S. Holder’s U.S. federal income tax
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liability and may entitle the Non-U.S. Holder to a refund, provided that the required information is furnished to the IRS.
Legislation Affecting Certain Non-U.S. Holders
The Hiring Incentives to Restore Employment Act of 2010 generally imposes withholding of 30% on payments to certain foreign entities (including financial intermediaries) with respect to certain financial instruments issued after March 18, 2012, unless various U.S. information reporting and due diligence requirements (that are in addition to, and potentially significantly more onerous than, the requirement to deliver an IRS Form W-8BEN, as discussed above) have been satisfied. Pursuant to published guidance from the IRS and the U.S. Treasury Department, this legislation applies to payments of interest and dividends made after December 31, 2013 and payments of gross proceeds made after December 31, 2014. The extent to which this legislation applies to the LASERS is not clear. If the LASERS were recharacterized as a debt instrument, as described above in “—Tax Consequences to U.S. Holders—Possible Alternative Tax Treatments of an Investment in the LASERS,” or if any payment on a LASERS, in whole or in part, were treated as a “dividend equivalent” from sources within the United States, as described above in “—Tax Consequences to Non-U.S. Holders—Possible Application of Section 871(m) of the Code,” this legislation could apply to certain amounts realized upon a sale, exchange or settlement of a LASERS issued after March 18, 2012. If withholding is required, we will not be required to pay any additional amounts with respect to any amounts withheld. Non-U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisers regarding the possible implications of this legislation for their investment in the LASERS.
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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION (CONFLICTS OF INTEREST)
We are offering the LASERS as part of our Series F medium-term notes on a continuing basis through MS & Co., which we refer to as the “agent.” We may also use other agents that will be named in the applicable pricing supplement. The agent has, or will have, agreed to use reasonable efforts to solicit offers to purchase the LASERS. We will have the sole right to accept offers to purchase the LASERS and may reject any offer in whole or in part. The agent may reject, in whole or in part, any offer it solicited to purchase LASERS. We will pay the agent, in connection with sales of the LASERS resulting from a solicitation the agent made or an offer to purchase the agent received, a commission that will be specified in the applicable pricing supplement.
We may also sell the LASERS to the agent as principal for its own account at discounts to be agreed upon at the time of sale as disclosed in the applicable pricing supplement. The agent may resell the LASERS to investors and other purchasers at a fixed offering price or at prevailing market prices, or prices related thereto at the time of resale or otherwise, as the agent determines and as we will specify in the applicable pricing supplement. The agent may offer the LASERS it has purchased as principal to Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC (“MSSB”) as selected dealer, or to other dealers, including Morgan Stanley & Co. International plc (“MSIP”) and Bank Morgan Stanley AG. MSSB, MSIP and Bank Morgan Stanley AG are affiliates of Morgan Stanley. The agent may sell the LASERS to any dealer at a discount and, unless otherwise specified in the applicable pricing supplement, the discount allowed to any dealer will not be in excess of the discount the agent will receive from us. After the initial public offering of LASERS that the agent is to resell on a fixed public offering price basis, the agent may change the public offering price, concession, discount and other selling terms from time to time.
The agent may be deemed to be an “underwriter” within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. We and the agent have agreed to indemnify each other against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribute to payments made in respect of those liabilities. We have also agreed to reimburse the agent for specified expenses.
Unless otherwise provided in the applicable pricing supplement, we do not intend to apply for the listing of the LASERS on a national securities exchange. The agent may make a market in the LASERS as applicable laws and regulations permit. The agent is not obligated to do so, however, and the agent may discontinue making a market at any time without notice. No assurance can be given as to the liquidity of any trading market for the LASERS.
MS & Co. is our wholly-owned subsidiary. The agent will conduct each offering of the LASERS in compliance with the requirements of the FINRA Rule 5121 regarding a FINRA member firm’s distributing the securities of an affiliate and related conflicts of interest. In accordance with FINRA Rule 5121, no agent or dealer that is an affiliate of ours will make sales in this offering to any discretionary account without the prior written approval of the customer. Following the initial distribution of the LASERS, the agent may offer and sell those LASERS in the course of its business as a broker-dealer. The agent may act as principal or agent in those transactions and will make any sales at varying prices related to prevailing market prices at the time of sale or otherwise. The agent may use this product supplement in connection with any of those transactions. The agent is not obligated to make a market in any of the LASERS and may cease to make a market at any time without notice.
In order to facilitate the offering of the LASERS, the agent may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of the LASERS or of the securities that constitute the underlying index or basket indices or, if the LASERS are linked to underlying shares, of underlying shares or the individual stocks underlying the share underlying index. Specifically, the agent may sell more LASERS than it is obligated to purchase in connection with the offering, creating a naked short position for its own account. The agent must close out any naked short position by purchasing LASERS in the open market. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the agent is concerned that there may be downward pressure on the price of the LASERS in the open market after pricing that could adversely affect investors who purchase in the offering. As an additional means of facilitating the offering, the agent may bid for, and purchase, the LASERS or the securities that constitute the underlying index or basket indices or, if the LASERS are linked to underlying shares, underlying shares or the individual stocks underlying the share underlying index in the open market to stabilize the price of the LASERS or of such underlying securities. Finally, in any offering of the LASERS through a syndicate of underwriters or dealer group, the agent acting on behalf of the underwriting syndicate or for itself may also reclaim selling concessions allowed to an underwriter or a
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dealer for distributing the LASERS in the offering, if the agent repurchases previously distributed LASERS to cover syndicate short positions or to stabilize the price of the LASERS. Any of these activities may raise or maintain the market price of the LASERS above independent market levels or prevent or retard a decline in the market price of the LASERS. The agent is not required to engage in these activities, and may end any of these activities at any time.
Concurrently with the offering of the LASERS through the agent, we may issue other debt securities under the indenture referred to in this product supplement similar to those described in this product supplement. Those debt securities may include other Series F medium-term notes and medium-term notes under our Series G and Series H prospectus supplement, which we refer to as “Euro medium-term notes.” The other Series F medium-term notes and the Euro medium-term notes may have terms substantially similar to the terms of the LASERS offered under this product supplement. The Euro medium-term notes may be offered concurrently with the offering of the LASERS, on a continuing basis outside the United States by us, under a distribution agreement with Morgan Stanley & Co. International plc, as agent for us. The terms of that distribution agreement, which we refer to as the Euro Distribution Agreement, are substantially similar to the terms of the distribution agreement for a U.S. offering, except for selling restrictions specified in the Euro Distribution Agreement.
The agent or an affiliate of the agent will enter into a hedging transaction with us in connection with each offering of LASERS. See “Use of Proceeds and Hedging” above.
With respect to each issuance of LASERS, we expect to deliver the LASERS against payment therefor in New York, New York on the original issue date (settlement date) specified in the applicable pricing supplement. Under Rule 15c6-1 of the Exchange Act, trades in the secondary market generally are required to settle in three business days, unless the parties to any such trade expressly agree otherwise. Accordingly, if the original issue date for any issuance of LASERS is more than three business days after the pricing date, purchasers who wish to trade LASERS more than three business days prior to the original issue date will be required to specify alternative settlement arrangements to prevent a failed settlement.
LASERS Offered on a Global Basis
If the applicable pricing supplement indicates that any of our LASERS will be offered on a global basis, those registered global securities will be offered for sale in those jurisdictions outside of the United States where it is legal to make offers for sale of those LASERS.
The agent has represented and agreed, and any other agent through which we may offer any LASERS on a global basis will represent and agree, that it will comply with all applicable laws and regulations in force in any jurisdiction in which it purchases, offers, sells or delivers the LASERS or possesses or distributes the applicable pricing supplement, this product supplement, any accompanying index supplement or the accompanying prospectus and will obtain any consent, approval or permission required by it for the purchase, offer or sale by it of the LASERS under the laws and regulations in force in any jurisdiction to which it is subject or in which it makes purchases, offers or sales of the LASERS, and we shall not have responsibility for the agent’s compliance with the applicable laws and regulations or obtaining any required consent, approval or permission.
With respect to sales in any jurisdictions outside of the United States of such LASERS offered on a global basis, purchasers of any such LASERS may be required to pay stamp taxes and other charges in accordance with the laws and practices of the country of purchase in addition to the issue price set forth on the cover page of the applicable pricing supplement.
General
No action has been or will be taken by us, the agent or any dealer that would permit a public offering of the LASERS or possession or distribution of any pricing supplement or this product supplement, any accompanying index supplement or the accompanying prospectus in any jurisdiction, other than the United States, where action for that purpose is required. No offers, sales or deliveries of the LASERS, or distribution of any pricing supplement or this product supplement, any accompanying index supplement and the accompanying prospectus or any other offering material relating to the LASERS, may be made in or from any jurisdiction except in circumstances which will result in compliance with any applicable laws and regulations and will not impose any obligations on us, any agent or any dealer.
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The agent has represented and agreed, and each dealer through which we may offer the LASERS has represented and agreed, that it (i) will comply with all applicable laws and regulations in force in each non-U.S. jurisdiction in which it purchases, offers, sells or delivers the LASERS or possesses or distributes any pricing supplement, this product supplement, any accompanying index supplement and the accompanying prospectus and (ii) will obtain any consent, approval or permission required by it for the purchase, offer or sale by it of the LASERS under the laws and regulations in force in each non-U.S. jurisdiction to which it is subject or in which it makes purchases, offers or sales of the LASERS. We shall not have responsibility for any agent’s or any dealer’s compliance with the applicable laws and regulations or obtaining any required consent, approval or permission.
Brazil
The LASERS have not been and will not be registered with the Comissão de Valores Mobiliários (The Brazilian Securities Commission). The LASERS may not be offered or sold in the Federative Republic of Brazil except in circumstances which do not constitute a public offering or distribution under Brazilian laws and regulations.
Chile
The LASERS have not been registered with the Superintendencia de Valores y Seguros in Chile and may not be offered or sold publicly in Chile. No offer, sales or deliveries of the LASERS or distribution of this product supplement, any accompanying index supplement or the accompanying prospectus, may be made in or from Chile except in circumstances which will result in compliance with any applicable Chilean laws and regulations.
Hong Kong
WARNING: The contents of this product supplement, any accompanying index supplement and the accompanying prospectus have not been reviewed by any regulatory authority in Hong Kong. You are advised to exercise caution in relation to the offer. If you are in any doubt about any of the contents of this product supplement, any accompanying index supplement or the accompanying prospectus, you should obtain independent professional advice.
None of this product supplement, any accompanying index supplement, the accompanying prospectus and their contents have been reviewed by any regulatory authority in Hong Kong. Accordingly, no person may issue or have in its possession for the purposes of issue, whether in Hong Kong or elsewhere, any advertisement, invitation or document relating to the LASERS, which is directed at, or the contents of which are likely to be accessed or read by, the public of Hong Kong (except if permitted to do so under the applicable securities law of Hong Kong) other than with respect to the LASERS which are intended to be disposed of only to persons outside Hong Kong or only to “professional investors” within the meaning of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Chapter 571 of Hong Kong) and any rules made under that Ordinance.
Mexico
The LASERS have not been registered with the National Registry of Securities maintained by the Mexican National Banking and Securities Commission and may not be offered or sold publicly in Mexico. This product supplement, any accompanying index supplement and the accompanying prospectus may not be publicly distributed in Mexico.
Singapore
None of this product supplement, any accompanying index supplement and the accompanying prospectus have been registered as a prospectus with the Monetary Authority of Singapore. Accordingly, none of this product supplement, any accompanying index supplement and the accompanying prospectus and any other document or material in connection with the offer or sale, or invitation for subscription or purchase, of the LASERS may be circulated or distributed, nor may the LASERS be offered or sold, or be made the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase, whether directly or indirectly, to persons in Singapore other than (i) to an institutional investor under Section 274 of the Securities and Futures Act, Chapter 289 of Singapore (the “SFA”), (ii) to a relevant person pursuant Section 275(1), or any person pursuant to Section 275(1A), and in accordance with the conditions, specified in Section 275 of the SFA or (iii) otherwise pursuant to, and in accordance with the conditions
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of, any other applicable provision of the SFA. Where LASERS are subscribed or purchased under Section 275 by a relevant person which is:
(a) a corporation (which is not an accredited investor (as defined in Section 4A of the SFA)) the sole business of which is to hold investments and the entire share capital of which is owned by one or more individuals, each of whom is an accredited investor; or
(b) a trust (where the trustee is not an accredited investor) whose sole purpose is to hold investments and each beneficiary of the trust is an individual who is an accredited investor,
shares, debentures and units of shares and debentures of that corporation or the beneficiaries’ rights and interests (howsoever described) in that trust shall not be transferred within six months after that corporation or that trust has acquired the LASERS pursuant to an offer made under Section 275 except:
(1) to an institutional investor (for corporations under Section 274 of the SFA) or to a relevant person defined in Section 275(2) of the SFA, or to any person pursuant to an offer that is made on terms that such shares, debentures and units of shares and debentures of that corporation or such rights and interest in that trust are acquired at a consideration of not less than S$200,000 (or its equivalent in a foreign currency) for each transaction, whether such amount is to be paid for in cash or by exchange of securities or other assets, and further for corporations, in accordance with the conditions specified in Section 275 of the SFA;
(2) where no consideration is or will be given for the transfer; or
(3) where the transfer is by operation of law.
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