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IMAGE RESOURCES NL — Environmental & Social Information 2017
Aug 20, 2017
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Environmental & Social Information
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21 August 2017
60% INCREASE IN ORE TONNES IN ‘PROVED’ CATEGORY ORE RESERVES AT BOONANARRING
Image Resources NL (ASX: IMA) (“Image” or “the Company”) is pleased to announce a 60% increase in ore tonnes in the ‘proved’ category of Ore Reserves for its 100%-owned Boonanarring Minerals Sand Project located 120 km north of Perth in the North Perth Basin .
As part of the process of fast-tracking the development of the high-grade Boonanarring project, Image completed grade control drilling in March 2017 designed to increase the confidence level of the Boonanarring Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves. Results of the drilling programme were used by Optiro Pty Ltd ( Optiro ) to complete an update of the Boonanarring Mineral Resources and estimated Ore Reserves for Boonanarring in accordance with the guidelines of the Australasian Code for reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves (the JORC Code - 2012 edition) .
When compared to the previously estimated Ore Reserves for Boonanarring (as announced on 10 April 2017), the total tonnes of Proved Ore Reserves have increased by 60% from 5.8 million to 9.3 million tonnes , albeit at a lower heavy mineral (HM) grade, but importantly at a higher concentration of zircon in the HM as shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.
The significance of the updated Ore Reserves is that Proved Ore Reserves now represents nearly half (47%) of the total Ore Reserves at Boonanarring. It is important to point out that while the total tonnes in the Proved category increased, the overall tonnes of Ore Reserves is largely unchanged.
The updated Ore Reserves for Boonanarring are presented in Table 1. For comparison purposes, the estimated Ore Reserves as at March 2017 are presented in Table 2. Both are reported on Mineral Resources at a cut-off grade of 2.0% total heavy minerals (THM).
Table 1. August 2017 Boonanarring Ore Reserves Summary[1-5]
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Classification Million THM Slimes Oversize % of total heavy mineral
tonnes % % % Zircon Rutile Leucoxene Ilmenite
Strandline mineralisation
Proved 9.3 8.6 14.3 6.7 23.2 2.2 1.8 48.9
Probable 8.3 6.7 17.1 7.8 23.5 2.5 1.7 51.1
Sub-total 17.6 7.7 15.6 7.2 23.3 2.3 1.7 49.8
Overlying mineralisation
Probable 2.2 3.0 19.6 6.9 8.9 4.1 2.7 61.8
Sub-total 2.2 3.0 19.6 6.9 8.9 4.1 2.7 61.8
Total
Proved 9.3 8.6 14.3 6.7 23.2 2.2 1.8 48.9
Probable 10.5 5.9 17.6 7.6 21.9 2.7 1.8 52.3
Total 19.9 7.2 16.1 7.2 22.7 2.4 1.8 50.4
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Image Resources NL ABN 57 063 977 579 Ground Floor, 23 Ventnor Ave West Perth WA 6005 | PO Box 469 West Perth WA 6872 T: 08 9485 2410 | F: 08 9486 8312 www.imageres.com.au
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Table 2. March 2017 Boonanarring Ore Reserves Summary[1-5]
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Classification Million THM Slimes Oversize % of total heavy mineral
tonnes % % % Zircon Rutile Leucoxene Ilmenite
Strandline mineralisation
Proved 5.8 9.1 14.2 6.6 21.6 2.2 1.9 48.5
Probable 11.9 7.0 16.8 7.8 24.0 2.5 1.6 51.4
Sub-total 17.8 7.7 16.0 7.4 23.0 2.4 1.7 50.3
Overlying mineralisation
Probable 2.2 3.0 20.3 7.3 8.6 4.1 2.7 61.8
Sub-total 2.2 3.0 20.3 7.3 8.6 4.1 2.7 61.8
Total
Proved 5.8 9.1 14.2 6.6 21.6 2.2 1.9 48.5
Probable 14.2 6.4 17.4 7.7 22.8 2.6 1.7 52.2
Total 20.0 7.2 16.5 7.4 22.4 2.4 1.8 50.8
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Table notes:
1. Ore Reserves are based upon a cut-off grade of 2% total heavy minerals (THM) and resource materials in domain 11 containing less than 6% zircon have been excluded from the Ore Reserve estimation.
2. The Ore Reserves are based upon an FX rate US$0.73:A$1.00; and the following commodity prices: ilmenite - $US144, leucoxene - $US522, rutile - $US936 and zircon - $US1,126.
3. Mineral Resources have been reported as inclusive of Ore Reserves.
4. The mineral assemblage is reported as a percentage of in-situ THM content.
5. Tonnes and grade data have been rounded to one significant figure. Discrepancies in summations may occur due to rounding.
For further information, please contact:
Patrick Mutz Managing Director +61 8 9485 2410 [email protected] www.imageres.com.au
COMPLIANCE STATEMENT
The information in this report that relates to the estimation of Mineral Resources is based on information compiled by Mrs Christine Standing, who is a Member of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (AusIMM) and the Australian Institute of Geoscientists (AIG). Mrs Standing is a full-time employee of Optiro Pty Ltd and has sufficient experience which is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under consideration and to the activity which she is undertaking to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the ‘Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves’. Mrs Standing consents to the inclusion in this report of the matters based on her information in the form and context in which it appears.
Image Resources NL ABN 57 063 977 579 Ground Floor, 23 Ventnor Ave West Perth WA 6005 | PO Box 469 West Perth WA 6872 T: 08 9485 2410 | F: 08 9486 8312 www.imageres.com.au
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The Ore Reserves statement has been compiled in accordance with the guidelines of the Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves (The JORC Code – 2012 Edition). The Ore Reserves have been compiled by Jarrod Pye, Mining Engineer and full-time employee of Image Resources, under the direction of Andrew Law of Optiro, who is a Fellow of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. Mr Law has sufficient experience in Ore Reserves estimation relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under consideration to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the “Australasian Code for Reporting of Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves”. Mr Law consents to the inclusion in the report of the matters compiled by him in the form and context in which it appears.
Image Resources NL ABN 57 063 977 579 Ground Floor, 23 Ventnor Ave West Perth WA 6005 | PO Box 469 West Perth WA 6872 T: 08 9485 2410 | F: 08 9486 8312 www.imageres.com.au
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JORC CODE TABLE 1 CRITERIA
The table below summaries the assessment and reporting criteria used for the Atlas Project Mineral Resource and Ore Reserve estimates and reflects the guidelines in Table 1 of The Australasian Code for the Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves (the JORC Code, 2012).
Section 1 Sampling Techniques and Data
(Criteria in this section apply to all succeeding sections.)
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| Sampling techniques |
Nature and quality of sampling. These examples should not be taken as limiting the broad meaning of sampling. Include reference to measures taken to ensure sample representivity and the appropriate calibration of any measurement tools or systems used. Aspects of the determination of mineralisation that are Material to the Public Report. |
Sampling of the deposit has been by vertical reverse-circulation air-core method (RCAC). This is a Mineral sands industry- standard drilling technique. Samples are from intervals of 0.5 m, 0.7 m, 1 m and 1.5 m and 2 m. The majority of samples (almost 98%) are from intervals of 1 m. 11 vertical diamond core holes were drilled in 2016 to obtain geotechnical and bulk density data. |
| Drilling techniques |
Drill type (eg core, reverse circulation, open-hole hammer, rotary air blast, auger, Bangka, sonic, etc) and details (eg core diameter, triple or standard tube, depth of diamond tails, face-sampling bit or other type, whether core is oriented and if so, by what method, etc). |
All Image RCAC drillholes are drilled vertically using an NQ-sized (76 mm diameter) drill bit. All Iluka RCAC drillholes are vertical and were drilled using a BQ- sized drill bit (60 mm diameter). Water injection is used to convert the sample to a slurry so it can be incrementally sampled by a rotary splitter. 20 vertical diamond core holes were drilled in 2016 using a PQ sized drill bit(85 mm)diameter). |
| Drill sample recovery |
Method of recording and assessing core and chip sample recoveries and results assessed. Measures taken to maximise sample recovery and ensure representative nature of the samples. Whether a relationship exists between sample recovery and grade and whether sample bias may have occurred due to preferential loss/gain of fine/coarse material. |
At the drill site, Image’s geologist estimates sample recovery qualitatively (as good, moderate or poor) for each 1 m down hole sampling interval. Specifically, the supervising geologist visually estimates the volume recovered to sample and reject bags based on prior experience as to what constitutes good recovery. Image has recorded that over 90% of the samples have good recovery and that less than 5% have moderate recovery and less than 5% have poor recovery. Image also monitors recovery through the mass of the laboratory sample, which is recorded prior to despatch and again on delivery to the laboratory. The mass variation in the laboratory samples can then be correlated back to the original total sample. |
| Logging | Whether core and chip samples have been geologically and geotechnically logged to a level of detail to support appropriate Mineral Resource estimation, mining studies and metallurgical studies. Whether logging is qualitative or quantitative in nature. Core (or costean, channel, etc) photography. The total length and percentage of the relevant intersections logged. |
Image’s supervising geologist logs the sample reject material at the rig and pans a small sub-sample of the reject, to visually estimate the proportions of sands, heavy mineral (HM) sands, ‘slimes’ (clays), and oversize (rock chips) in each sample, in a semi-quantitative manner. The geologist also logs colour, grain size, an estimate of induration (a hardness estimate) and sample ‘washability’ (ease of separation of slimes from sands by manual attrition). To preclude data entry and transcription errors, the logging data is captured into a digital data logger at the rig, which contains pre-set logging codes. Nophotographs of samples are taken. |
Image Resources NL ABN 57 063 977 579 Ground Floor, 23 Ventnor Ave West Perth WA 6005 | PO Box 469 West Perth WA 6872 T: 08 9485 2410 | F: 08 9486 8312 www.imageres.com.au
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| The digital logs are downloaded daily and emailed to Image’s head office for data security and compilation into the main database server. Samples visually estimated by the geologist to contain more than 0.5% HM (by weight) are despatched for analysis along with the 1 m intervals above and below the mineralised interval. The level and detail of logging is of sufficient quality to support Mineral Resource estimates. All (100%) of the drilling is logged. Geotechnical holes have been logged and assessments as to pit stabilitydetermined. |
||
|---|---|---|
| Sub-sampling techniques and sample preparation |
If core, whether cut or sawn and whether quarter, half or all core taken. If non-core, whether riffled, tube sampled, rotary split, etc and whether sampled wet or dry. For all sample types, the nature, quality and appropriateness of the sample preparation technique. Quality control procedures adopted for all sub-sampling stages to maximise representivity of samples. Measures taken to ensure that the sampling is representative of the in-situ material collected, including for instance results for field duplicate/second-half sampling. Whether sample sizes are appropriate to the grain size of the material being sampled. |
The majority of the samples (almost 98%) are from 1 m intervals and almost 42% of samples were analysed for total HM, slimes and oversize. The sample from the internal RC rods is directed to a cyclone and then through a ‘rotating-chute’ custom-built splitting device. This device allows different fraction splits from the cyclone sample stream to be directed to either 25 cm by 35 cm calico bags (as the laboratory despatch samples) or to large plastic polyweave bags for the sample rejects. The rotary splitter directs10 increments from the stream to the laboratory despatch samples, for a specified sampling interval. Sample tickets with the interval’s unique sample ID are placed in each bag. For resource definition drilling, two (replicate) 1/8 mass splits (each1.25 kg) are collected from the rotary splitter into two pre-numbered calico bags for each 1 m down hole interval. A selection of the replicate samples are later collected and analysed to quantify field sampling precision, or as samples contributing to potential future metallurgical composites. Iluka is understood to have used a similar procedure albeit no records are available to support this assertion. To monitor sample representation and sample number correctness, Image weighs the laboratory despatch samples prior to despatch. The laboratory then weighs the received sample and reports the mass to Image. This identifies any potential mix up of sample numbers and is also a proxy for sample recovery. Image considers the nature, quality and size of the sub samples collected are consistent with best industry practices of mineral sands explorers in the Perth Basin region. |
| Quality of assay data and laboratory tests |
The nature, quality and appropriateness of the assaying and laboratory procedures used and whether the technique is considered partial or total. For geophysical tools, spectrometers, handheld XRF instruments, etc, the parameters used in determining the analysis including instrument make and model, reading times, calibrations factors applied and their derivation, etc. Nature of quality control procedures adopted (eg standards, blanks, duplicates, external laboratory checks) |
Image and Iluka used industry standard approaches to estimating the contents of HM, slimes and oversize involving screening to remove oversize, washing slimes from samples and then extracting the heavy minerals from the residual sands using heavy media. Image engaged four laboratories (Western Geolabs, Diamantina Laboratory, Diamond Recovery Services Laboratory and Robbins Metallurgical Laboratory). Iluka used a few certified reference materials (CRMs) to quantify the accuracy of the drilling with acceptable results. Image inserted CRMs for drilling undertaken during 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017. Both Iluka and Image collected duplicate samples including |
Image Resources NL ABN 57 063 977 579 Ground Floor, 23 Ventnor Ave West Perth WA 6005 | PO Box 469 West Perth WA 6872 T: 08 9485 2410 | F: 08 9486 8312 www.imageres.com.au
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| and whether acceptable levels of accuracy (ie lack of bias) and precision have been established. |
field-duplicates of the primary sample, laboratory duplicates at the laboratory sub-sampling stage (post de-sliming) and laboratory re-submission duplicates to the original or alternative laboratories used by Iluka and/or Image. Analysis of QAQC data for the drilling programs indicates that it is of moderate to high quality and supports Mineral Resource estimation. Three sets of mineral assemblage data have been used to estimate the ilmenite, leucoxene, rutile and zircon concentrations within the HM: data from Iluka (magnetic separation followed by density separation using solutions of 3.85 g/cm3and 4.05 g/cm3) XRF data (after microscope examination to exclude non- representative samples e.g. laterite) QEMSCAN data. |
|
|---|---|---|
| Verification of sampling and assaying |
The verification of significant intersections by either independent or alternative company personnel. The use of twinned holes. Documentation of primary data, data entry procedures, data verification, data storage (physical and electronic) protocols. Discuss any adjustment to assay data. |
Image drilled a number of twin holes (within 10 m of Iluka holes). The twin holes compare favourably for HM and slimes grades. Oversize grades could not be compared as Image and Iluka use different size thresholds for oversize. Image collected primary data on hard copy logs and also used a data logger. Data from laboratories was provided in digital form and compiled in Microsoft Access databases and spreadsheets. Almost 46% of the assayed intervals have been analysed using a <53 µm grain size for slimes and a -710µm+53µm grain size for HM, and almost 54% of the data has been analysed using a <63 µm grain size for slimes and a -1mm+63um grain size for HM. Less than 2% of the HM data is from a grain size fraction of -1mm+53µm. Grain size analysis was used to generate adjustment factors that have been applied to convert the +53 µm HM data to +63 µm HM data and to convert the -53 µm slimes data to -63 µm slimes data. Grain size analysis indicates that the zircon and TiO2minerals are all ≤850 µm. Results from QEMSCAN analysis of 20 composite samples, originally analysed using XRF, were used to calibrate the results from XRF with theQEMSCAN results. |
| Location of data points |
Accuracy and quality of surveys used to locate drillholes (collar and down-hole surveys), trenches, mine workings and other locations used in Mineral Resource estimation. Specification of the grid system used. Quality and adequacy of topographic control. |
Drillhole collars at Boonanarring have been surveyed using hand-held DGPS and RTK DGPS methods, with the latter method deemed most accurate. The collar coordinates and survey ground controls have been tied to the Landgate GOLA database by a registered surveyor. All collars for the Mineral Resource estimate have been adjusted to a LiDAR topographic model described below. Data for Boonanarring has been surveyed in MGA Zone 50 GDA94. The Mineral Resource has been estimated in a local grid system based on a two-point transformation. This transformation has been validated by Image’s survey contractor. The topographic model for Boonanarring is based on LiDAR survey. A review of this survey by Image’s survey contractor revealed that the survey had an incorrect vertical datum; elevations are 0.3 m higher than measured at collars using RTK DGPS. The corrected LiDAR surface was used to constrain the Mineral Resource model. |
Image Resources NL ABN 57 063 977 579 Ground Floor, 23 Ventnor Ave West Perth WA 6005 | PO Box 469 West Perth WA 6872 T: 08 9485 2410 | F: 08 9486 8312 www.imageres.com.au
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Data spacing Data spacing for reporting of Exploration The drillhole spacing is generally 20 m to 40 m across strike on
and Results. section lines spaced at 100 m or 200 m along strike. The year 1
distribution Whether the data spacing and pit area has been infilled to a spacing of 20 m on 75 m spaced
distribution is sufficient to establish the sections. Some areas have been drilled at a wider spacing of up
degree of geological and grade to 80 m by 400 m.
continuity appropriate for the Mineral The drill database used in the resource estimate comprises
Resource and Ore Reserve estimation 1,621 drillholes for a total 67,072.5 m drilled by Image and Iluka
procedure(s) and classifications applied. between 1998 and 2017.
Whether sample compositing has been Samples for HM assemblage determination were composited on
applied. intervals according to a combination of grade and geology
appropriate to reflect resource estimation domains. 289
composites from 569 holes totalling 3,799 m were used in the
Mineral Resource estimate.
The data spacing and distribution is sufficient to establish the
degree of geological and grade continuity appropriate for the
Mineral Resource estimation procedure and classification
applied.
Orientation Whether the orientation of sampling All drillholes are vertical and intersect sub-horizontal strata. This
of data in achieves unbiased sampling of possible is appropriate for the orientation of the mineralisation and will
relation to structures and the extent to which this is not have introduced a bias.
geological known, considering the deposit type.
structure If the relationship between the drilling
orientation and the orientation of key
mineralised structures is considered to
have introduced a sampling bias, this
should be assessed and reported if
material.
Sample The measures taken to ensure sample All samples are collected from site by Image’s staff as soon as
security security. practicable once drilling is completed and then delivered to
Image’s locked storage sheds.
Image’s staff deliver samples to the laboratory and collect heavy
mineral floats from the laboratory, which are also stored in
Image’s locked storage.
Image considers there is negligible risk of deliberate or
accidental contamination of samples. Occasional sample mix-
ups are corrected using Images checking and quality control
procedures.
Audits or The results of any audits or reviews of The results and logging have been reviewed internally by
reviews sampling techniques and data. Image’s senior exploration personnel including checking of
masses despatched and delivered, checking of CRM results, and
verification logging of significant intercepts.
The database, sampling procedures and documentation were
reviewed by Harlequin Consulting Pty Ltd in 2015.
In April 2013, CSA Global audited Robbins Metallurgical
Laboratory and found the laboratory practices acceptable to
support results for Mineral Resource estimation
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Image Resources NL ABN 57 063 977 579 Ground Floor, 23 Ventnor Ave West Perth WA 6005 | PO Box 469 West Perth WA 6872 T: 08 9485 2410 | F: 08 9486 8312 www.imageres.com.au
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Section 2 Reporting of Exploration Results
(Criteria listed in the preceding section also apply to this section.)
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| Mineral tenement and land tenure status |
Type, reference name/number, location and ownership including agreements or material issues with third parties such as joint ventures, partnerships, overriding royalties, native title interests, historical sites, wilderness or national park and environmental settings. The security of the tenure held at the time of reporting along with any known impediments to obtaining a licence to operate in the area. |
The Boonanarring deposit is within mining leases M70/1194 (expiry 15/12/2026) and M70/1311 (expiry 11/03/2034), exploration licence E70/3041 (expiry 9/06/2018) and general purpose licence G70/250 (expiry 7/05/2034). Image has a 100% interest in each of these licences. M70/1311 abuts Bartlett’s Well and Boonanarring Nature Reserves and Image has allowed for a 50 m buffer zone (of no mining activity) adjacent to these reserves. |
| Exploration done by other parties |
Acknowledgment and appraisal of exploration by other parties. |
The Boonanarring deposit was discovered by Iluka, who drilled out the central area to a Measured Resource status. The work is well documented in reports from Iluka, prior Mineral Resource estimators McDonald Speijers (2005) and Widenbar and Associates (2013), and Harlequin Consulting Pty Ltd (2014 and 2015). |
| Geology | Deposit type, geological setting and style of mineralisation. |
Boonanarring is hosted in the Perth Basin, in the Pleistocene Yoganup Formation on the eastern margin of the Swan Coastal Plain. The Yoganup Formation is a buried pro-graded shoreline deposit, with dunes, beach ridge and deltaic facies. This formation lies unconformably over the Lower Cretaceous Leederville Formation and is overlain by the Pleistocene Guildford Formation and the Quaternary Bassendean Sand. The Yoganup Formation consists of unconsolidated poorly sorted sands and gravels, with local interstitial clay and heavy minerals that occur sporadically along the Gingin Scarp, which is interpreted to be an ancient shoreline that was stable during a period of marine regression. Boonanarring has three major strandlines of heavy minerals, which are interpreted to have been deposited during the Pleistocene in a notch in the local basement rock that may represent an ancient sea cliff. Lower grade mineralisation is present in the sands overlying the higher-grade strandlines. The basement to the strandline mineralisation is identified by the increased slimes content of the Leederville Formation or at the base of the Yoganup Formation. Mineralisation within this has high zircon concentrations. |
| Drillhole information |
A summary of all information material to the understanding of the exploration results including a tabulation of the following information for all Material drillholes: o easting and northing of the drillholecollar o elevation or RL (Reduced Level –elevation above sea level in metres) of the drillhole collar o dip and azimuth of the hole |
Not relevant – Mineral Resource defined. Exploration results are not being reported for the Mineral Resource area. |
Image Resources NL ABN 57 063 977 579 Ground Floor, 23 Ventnor Ave West Perth WA 6005 | PO Box 469 West Perth WA 6872 T: 08 9485 2410 | F: 08 9486 8312 www.imageres.com.au
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o down hole length and interception depth
o hole length.
Data In reporting Exploration Results, Not relevant – Mineral Resource defined. Exploration results are
aggregation weighting averaging techniques, not being reported for the Mineral Resource area.
methods maximum and/or minimum grade There are no metal equivalent values assumptions applied in
truncations (eg cutting of high grades) the Mineral Resource reporting.
and cut-off grades are usually Material
and should be stated.
Where aggregate intercepts incorporate
short lengths of high grade results and
longer lengths of low grade results, the
procedure used for such aggregation
should be stated and some typical
examples of such aggregations should be
shown in detail.
The assumptions used for any reporting
of metal equivalent values should be
clearly stated.
Relationship These relationships are particularly The geometry of the Boonanarring mineralisation is effectively
between important in the reporting of Exploration horizontal and the vertical drillholes used to define the Mineral
mineralisatio Results. Resource give the approximate true thicknesses of
n widths and If the geometry of the mineralisation mineralisation.
intercept with respect to the drillhole angle is
lengths known, its nature should be reported.
Diagrams Appropriate maps and sections and Refer to diagrams in report
tabulations of intercepts should be
included for any significant discovery
being reported
Balanced Where comprehensive reporting of all Not relevant – Mineral Resource defined. Exploration results are
reporting Exploration Results is not practicable, not being reported for the Mineral Resource area.
representative reporting of both low and
high grades and/or widths should be
practiced to avoid misleading reporting
of Exploration Results.
Other Other exploration data, if meaningful Slimes and HM grain size analysis reported under “Verification
substantive and material, should be reported of sampling and assaying”.
exploration including (but not limited to): geological Bulk density and geotechnical work reported under “Bulk
data observations; geophysical survey results; Density” and “Logging”.
geochemical survey results; bulk samples Metallurgical test results of bulk samples reported under
– size and method of treatment; “Metallurgical factors or assumptions”.
metallurgical test results; bulk density,
groundwater, geotechnical and rock
characteristics; potential deleterious or
contaminating substances.
Further work The nature and scale of planned further 2.5 km of under-explored ground separates the updated
work (eg tests for lateral extensions or Boonanarring deposit from the Gingin North deposit. Image is
depth extensions or large-scale step-out negotiating with landowners in the area to gain access for the
drilling). purpose of testing this ground. Further work is planned directly
Diagrams clearly highlighting the areas east of the Gingin North deposit where magnetic targets have
of possible extensions, including the been delineated. Permission to access currently being sought.
main geological interpretations and This has the potential to extend the Boonanarring Mineral
future drilling areas, provided this Resource a further 4.5 km south.
information is not commercially Extensions to the north will be assessed by further drilling
sensitive. programmes for the potential of a 5 km extension north of the
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Image Resources NL ABN 57 063 977 579 Ground Floor, 23 Ventnor Ave West Perth WA 6005 | PO Box 469 West Perth WA 6872 T: 08 9485 2410 | F: 08 9486 8312 www.imageres.com.au
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current Boonanarring Mineral Resource. As previously announced (25th March 2015 and 13th July 2015) this extension was identified from mineralisation intersected by drilling over a distance of 1.6 km and further confirmed with roadside drilling over a distance of 5.6km as announced 26[th] June 2017.
Section 3 Estimation and Reporting of Mineral Resources
(Criteria listed in section 1, and where relevant in section 2, also apply to this section.)
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
| Database integrity |
Measures taken to ensure that data has not been corrupted by, for example, transcription or keying errors, between its initial collection and its use for Mineral Resource estimation purposes. Data validation procedures used. |
The drillhole database is managed by Image and has been compiled by CSA from Image’s internal databases and from databases provided by Iluka. Maintenance of the database includes internal data validation protocols by Image. Harlequin Consulting Pty Ltd completed a high level review of the database in 2014 and found the method of construction of the database and validation procedures are acceptable and that the data is acceptable for Mineral Resource estimation. For the Mineral Resource estimate the drillhole data was extracted directly from the CSA drillhole database. Data was further verified and validated by Optiro using mining software (Datamine) validation protocols, and visually in plan and section views. |
| Site visits | Comment on any site visits undertaken by the Competent Person and the outcome of those visits. |
Mrs Christine Standing (CP for the Mineral Resource estimate) visited the Boonanarring deposit during December 2016. The sites of the geotechnical drillholes and exclusion zones for reportingof the Mineral Resources were inspected. |
| Geological interpretation |
Confidence in (or conversely, the uncertainty of) the geological interpretation of the mineral deposit. Nature of the data used and of any assumptions made. The effect, if any, of alternative interpretations on Mineral Resource estimation. The use of geology in guiding and controlling Mineral Resource estimation. The factors affecting continuity both of grade and geology. |
Two stratigraphic (Yoganup and Leederville Formations) units within the deposit area were defined using a combination of slimes and oversize data and drillhole lithological logs. For the purposes of resource estimation, these units were used in combination with grade criteria to define four mineralised domains, as follows: main strandlines: within Yoganup Fm., grade criteria >2% HM western strandline: within Yoganup Fm., grade criteria >2% HM below main strandlines: within Leederville Fm or at base of Yoganup Fm., grade criteria >2% HM mineralisation overlying the main strandlines, within Yoganup Fm., grade criteria >1.8% HM. There is good confidence in the geological interpretation of the main strandlines. Confidence in the other three domains is lower,as reflected bythe classification. |
| Dimensions | The extent and variability of the Mineral Resource expressed as length (along strike or otherwise), plan width, and depth below surface to the upper and lower limits of the Mineral Resource. |
The mineralisation within the two main strandlines has been shown from drilling to extend for approximately 13.2 km north/south and has a combined across strike width of up to 500 m. The strandline mineralisation extends from 14 m to 58 m depth. The mineralisation below the main strandline extends from a depth of 20 m to 61 m and the overlying, lower grade mineralisation extends from surface to a depth of 39 m. The western strandline has been shown from drilling to extend for approximately4 km north/south and has an across strike |
Image Resources NL ABN 57 063 977 579 Ground Floor, 23 Ventnor Ave West Perth WA 6005 | PO Box 469 West Perth WA 6872 T: 08 9485 2410 | F: 08 9486 8312 www.imageres.com.au
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width of up to 200 m. The mineralisation extends from 11 m to
35 m depth.
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| width of up to 200 m. The mineralisation extends from 11 m to 35 m depth. |
width of up to 200 m. The mineralisation extends from 11 m to 35 m depth. |
width of up to 200 m. The mineralisation extends from 11 m to 35 m depth. |
|---|---|---|
| Estimation and modelling techniques |
The nature and appropriateness of the estimation technique(s) applied and key assumptions, including treatment of extreme grade values, domaining, interpolation parameters and maximum distance of extrapolation from data points. If a computer assisted estimation method was chosen include a description of computer software and parameters used. The availability of check estimates, previous estimates and/or mine production records and whether the Mineral Resource estimate takes appropriate account of such data. The assumptions made regarding recovery of by-products. Estimation of deleterious elements or other non-grade variables of economic significance (e.g. sulphur for acid mine drainage characterisation). In the case of block model interpolation, the block size in relation to the average sample spacing and the search employed. Any assumptions behind modelling of selective mining units. Any assumptions about correlation between variables. Description of how the geological interpretation was used to control the resource estimates. Discussion of basis for using or not using grade cutting or capping. The process of validation, the checking process used, the comparison of model data to drillhole data, and use of reconciliation data if available. |
Datamine resource estimation software was used to create a geological model and define the mineralisation envelopes. A series of mineralised domains was used to constrain the Mineral Resource estimate. Wireframe interpretations of mineralisation were made by Optiro based on geological logging and HM content, using thresholds of ~1.8% HM to define the overlying mineralisation and 2% HM to define the strandline mineralisation. Optiro assessed the robustness of these domains by critically examining the geological interpretation and by using a variety of measures, including statistical and geostatistical analysis. The domains are considered geologically robust in the context of the resource classification applied to the estimate. Drillhole sample data was flagged from the three-dimensional interpretation of the mineralised horizons. Samples are from intervals of 0.5 m, 0.7 m, 1 m and 1.5 m and 2 m. As the majority of samples (almost 98%) are from intervals of 1 m the data was composited to 1 m downhole intervals for resource estimation. Extrapolation of up to 50 m along strike and approximately half the drill spacing across strike was used for the interpretation. HM, slimes and oversize quantities were estimated using ordinary kriging (OK) into blocks of 10 mE by 50 mN by 1 mRL. Zircon, leucoxene, rutile and ilmenite (VHM components) percentages within the HM fraction were estimated using inverse distance (ID) into the parent blocks. Block dimensions were selected from kriging neighbourhood analysis and reflect the variability of the deposit and the model’s practicality for future mine planning. Sub-cells to a minimum dimension of 2.5 mE by 12.5 mN by 0.5 mRL were used to represent volume. Drillholes are generally spaced at 20 m on-section on lines that are 100 m and 200 m apart with areas drilled at a spacing of up to 80 m by 400 m. Within the year 1 pit area, infill drilling has reduced the spacing to 20 m on 75 m sections Data analysis and estimation was undertaken using Snowden Supervisor and Datamine software. All variables were estimated separately and independently. Hard boundaries were applied to the estimation of HM, slimes and oversize and the VHM components within the mineralisation domains. Grade capping was applied to HM%, slimes% and oversize%. The top cut levels were determined using a combination of top cut analysis tools, including grade histograms, log probability plots and the coefficient of variation. Variogram analysis was undertaken to determine the kriging estimation parameters used for OK estimation of HM, slimes and oversize and the search dimensions used for ID estimation of the VHM components. HM mineralisation continuitywas interpreted from variogram |
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| analyses to have an along strike range of 1,140 m and an across strike range of 38 m within the main strandlines. Within the other mineralised domains along strike continuity has ranges of 480 m to 880 m and across strike ranges of 42 m to 90 m. The VHM continuity was interpreted from variogram analyses to have an along strike range of 1,400 m and an across strike range of 110 m within the main strandline. Ranges of 800 m by 130 m were interpreted for the upper mineralisation and ranges of 600 m by 75 m were interpreted for the mineralisation below the main strandlines. The results from the kriging neighbourhood analysis in January 2017 were used to determine the block size, sample numbers and discretisation levels. Three estimation passes were used for HM; the first search was based upon the variogram ranges; the second search was the same as the initial search with reduced sample numbers required for estimation and the third search was up to four times the initial search for the main and western strandlines and upper mineralisation. For the mineralisation below the main strandline the third search was up to 8 times the initial search. The majority of blocks (93%) were estimated in the first pass, 5% in the second pass and 2% in the third pass. The HM, slimes and oversize estimated block model grades were visually validated against the input drillhole data and comparisons were carried out against the declustered drillhole data and by northing, easting and elevation slices. The VHM estimated block model grades were visually validated against the input drillhole data and comparisons were carried out against the drillhole data and by northing and easting slices. |
||
|---|---|---|
| Moisture | Whether the tonnages are estimated on a dry basis or with natural moisture, and the method of determination of the moisture content. |
Tonnages are estimated on a dry basis. |
| Cut-off parameters |
The basis of the adopted cut-off grade(s) or quality parameters applied. |
The Mineral Resource estimate for the Boonanarring deposit has been reported at a 2.0% HM cut-off. This cut-off grade was selected by Image based on technical and economic assessment carried out during Feasibility Studies. |
| Mining factors or assumptions |
Assumptions made regarding possible mining methods, minimum mining dimensions and internal (or, if applicable, external) mining dilution. It is always necessary as part of the process of determining reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction to consider potential mining methods, but the assumptions made regarding mining methods and parameters when estimating Mineral Resources may not always be rigorous. |
Open pit mining methods will be used, similar to those commonly and currently in use in HM mining operations both in Australia and globally. Image has assumed mining by conventional truck and shovels, with dozers used to improve vertical selectivity. |
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Metallurgical The basis for assumptions or predictions Mineral assemblage data within the Mineral Resource estimate
factors or regarding metallurgical amenability. It is has been sourced from three different assemblage programs:
assumptions always necessary as part of the process data from Iluka (magnetic separation followed by density
of determining reasonable prospects for separation using solutions of 3.85 g/cm [3] and 4.05 g/cm [3] )
eventual economic extraction to consider XRF data (after microscope examination to exclude non-
potential metallurgical methods, but the representative samples e.g. laterite)
assumptions regarding metallurgical QEMSCAN data.
treatment processes and parameters Results from QEMSCAN analysis of 20 composite samples,
made when reporting Mineral Resources originally analysed using XRF, were used to calibrate the results
may not always be rigorous. from XRF with the QEMSCAN results.
The QEMSCAN rules for the titanium mineral determination are
as follows:
Ilmenite: 50-70% TiO2
Leucoxene: 70-95% TiO2
Rutile: >95% TiO2
Process metallurgical studies of bulk samples from
Boonanarring were undertaken in 2013, 2015 and 2016 for the
purpose of developing a process flowsheet for the deposit. The
results from this work are sufficient for Image to expect that the
Boonanarring mineralisation will be amenable to treatment
with conventional mineral sands processing techniques.
Image considers there are no metallurgical factors which are
likely to affect the assumption that the deposit has reasonable
prospects for eventual economic extraction.
Environmental Assumptions made regarding possible Environmental exclusion zones, within 50 m of the Bartlett’s
factors or waste and process residue disposal Well and Boonanarring Nature Reserves, have been defined and
assumptions options. It is always necessary as part of these areas are excluded from the reported Mineral Resource.
the process of determining reasonable
prospects for eventual economic
extraction to consider the potential
environmental impacts of the mining and
processing operation.
Bulk density Whether assumed or determined. If 19 bulk density measurements were made during the 2016
assumed, the basis for the assumptions. geotechnical drilling program.
If determined, the method used, whether Bulk density values were estimated from an industry-standard
wet or dry, the frequency of the formula which accounts for the HM and slimes content of heavy
measurements, the nature, size and mineral sand deposits. The formula was calibrated with the
representativeness of the samples. 2016 data for estimation of the bulk density for the January
The bulk density for bulk material must 2017 Mineral Resource estimate.
have been measured by methods that The calibrated density formula was used for bulk density
adequately account for void spaces estimation for the July 2017 Mineral Resource estimate.
(vugs, porosity, etc), moisture and
differences between rock and alteration
zones within the deposit.
Discuss assumptions for bulk density
estimates used in the evaluation process
of the different materials.
Classification The basis for the classification of the The estimate has been classified according to the guidelines of
Mineral Resources into varying the JORC Code (2012), into Measured, Indicated and Inferred
confidence categories. Resources taking into account data quality, data density,
Whether appropriate account has been geological continuity, grade continuity and confidence in
taken of all relevant factors (ie relative estimation of heavy mineral content and mineral assemblage. In
confidence in tonnage/grade plan, polygons were used to define zones of different
estimations, reliability of input data, classification within each of the mineralised domains.
confidence in continuity of geology and Measured Mineral Resources are defined within the
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| metal values, quality, quantity and distribution of the data). Whether the result appropriately reflects the Competent Person’s view of the deposit. |
year 1 pit area, where the drill spacing is at 20 m on 75 m spaced sections, and are defined along strike of this where drilling is at 20m to 40 m on 100 m spaced section lines and where there is good coverage of mineral assemblage data Indicated Resources are generally defined where drilling is at 20 m to 40 m by 200 m. Inferred Resources are defined where the drill spacing is up to 80 m by 400 m. In addition, Inferred Resources are defined for blocks with HM grades estimated bythe third search. |
|
|---|---|---|
| Audits or reviews |
The results of any audits or reviews of Mineral Resource estimates. |
The Mineral Resource has been reviewed internally as part of normal validation processes by Optiro. No external audit or review of the current Mineral Resource has been conducted. |
| Discussion of relative accuracy/ confidence |
Where appropriate a statement of the relative accuracy and confidence level in the Mineral Resource estimate using an approach or procedure deemed appropriate by the Competent Person. The statement should specify whether it relates to global or local estimates, and, if local, state the relevant tonnages, which should be relevant to technical and economic evaluation. Documentation should include assumptions made and the procedures used. These statements of relative accuracy and confidence of the estimate should be compared with production data, where available. |
The assigned classification of Measured, Indicated and Inferred reflects the Competent Persons’ assessment of the accuracy and confidence levels in the Mineral Resource estimate. The confidence levels reflect production volumes on a monthly basis. No production has occurred from the deposit. |
Section 4 Estimation and Reporting of Ore Reserves
(Criteria listed in section 1, and where relevant in sections 2 and 3, also apply to this section.)
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Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
Mineral Resource Description of the Mineral Resource The Mineral Resource estimate used is classified as
estimate for conversion estimate used as a basis for the JORC 2012 Mineral Resource statement as per Image
to Ore Reserves conversion to an Ore Reserve. Resources Ltd, the Boonanarring Project Mineral
Resource estimate was completed by Christine
Clear statement as to whether the
Standing of Optiro Pty Ltd.
Mineral Resources are reported
additional to, or inclusive of, the Ore The Mineral Resources are reported inclusive of the
Reserves. Ore Reserves.
Site visits Comment on any site visits undertaken Site visit undertaken in December 2016 by Andrew Law
by the Competent Person and the of Optiro Pty Ltd (the Competent Person for Estimation
outcome of those visits. and Reporting of Ore Reserves) with the purpose of the
visit being to assess requirements for evaluating the
If no site visits have been undertaken
updated reserve.
indicate why this is the case.
Study status The type and level of study undertaken Image Resources completed a Pre-feasibility study in
to enable Mineral Resources to be 2013
converted to Ore Reserves.
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Page 14 of 19
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| The Code requires that a study to at least Pre-Feasibility Study level has been undertaken to convert Mineral Resources to Ore Reserves. Such studies will have been carried out and will have determined a mine plan that is technically achievable and economically viable, and that material Modifying Factors have been considered. |
Image Resources have completed an updated feasibility study as of May 2017. |
|
| Cut-off parameters | The basis of the cut-off grade(s) or quality parameters applied. |
The cut-off grade in the case of Boonanaring has been calculated using spreadsheets and an individual cut-off grade applied to each block within the model. The calculations consider, among other considerations, individual mineral and product values, operating costs and other practical considerations (including ore and overburden variabilities) and HM and product recoveries. |
| Mining factors or assumptions |
The method and assumptions used as reported in the Pre-Feasibility or Feasibility Study to convert the Mineral Resource to an Ore Reserve (i.e. either by application of appropriate factors by optimisation or by preliminary or detailed design). The choice, nature and appropriateness of the selected mining method(s) and other mining parameters including associated design issues such as pre- strip, access, etc. The assumptions made regarding geotechnical parameters (eg pit slopes, stope sizes, etc), grade control and pre- production drilling. The major assumptions made and Mineral Resource model used for pit and stope optimisation (if appropriate). The mining dilution factors used. The mining recovery factors used. Any minimum mining widths used. The manner in which Inferred Mineral Resources are utilised in mining studies and the sensitivity of the outcome to their inclusion. The infrastructure requirements of the selected mining methods. |
The truck and shovel method has been chosen for the mining of the Boonanarring project. The truck and shovel method is used in similar operations in Australia. Appropriate factors have been applied to the Mineral Resource by optimization and design to derive the Ore Reserves. The choice of the truck and shovel method was deemed appropriate due to the ore thickness, access, and nature of the geology. Similar mining methods were also used in the geographical area, such as Iluka’s Gingin deposit Due to the depth of the Boonanarring deposit a geotechnical study was conducted by SRK Consulting. A total of 11 holes were drilled to depths of 60m. Eastern walls will be approximately 32deg and western walls 38deg Mining dilution (2%) and recovery factors (100%) are assumptions made for similar mining operations and mining techniques. Reconciliations from previous operations to date have supported these assumptions. Grade control will be conducted by a geologist in pit using panning to establish ore contacts, in conjunction with Survey who also be used to stake our ore surfaces. Inferred resources were not used in the Ore Reserve output. However will be used in an operations schedule for internal production purposes. Infrastructure required will be office blocks, mining contractor workshop and associated facilities. |
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Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
Metallurgical factors or The metallurgical process proposed and The ore is processed through a wet concentration plant
assumptions the appropriateness of that process to (WCP) to produce a Heavy Mineral Concentrate (HMC)
the style of mineralisation. which is further processed at an offsite Mineral
Separation Plant (MSP) to generate final products. The
Whether the metallurgical process is
WCP and MSP use traditional mineral sands separation
well-tested technology or novel in
techniques. The metallurgical process and
nature.
appropriateness of the process is outlined in a process
The nature, amount and map by Image and is detailed in the Ore Reserve
representativeness of metallurgical test document. The process has been widely utilised in
work undertaken, the nature of the similar operations.
metallurgical domaining applied and the
The Metallurgical process is well tested and commonly
corresponding metallurgical recovery
used in similar operations worldwide.
factors applied.
Deleterious materials include oversize material and clay
Any assumptions or allowances made for
fines which will be managed as part of Image’s
deleterious elements.
rehabilitation management plan and mildly radioactive
The existence of any bulk sample or pilot material, which will be returned into the pit as backfill
scale test work and the degree to which and capped.
such samples are considered
The Ore Reserve estimation has been based on the
representative of the orebody as a
recoveries and processes outlined above which are well
whole.
tested, and established as being appropriate for similar
For minerals that are defined by a metallurgical specifications.
specification, has the ore reserve
Yes, mine planning filters and metallurgical recovery
estimation been based on the
through to final the products.
appropriate mineralogy to meet the
specifications?
Environmental The status of studies of potential Mining and general purpose lease, Part IV
environmental impacts of the mining Environmental protection act – PER, EPBC Act, Land
and processing operation. Details of owner agreements and groundwater abstraction
waste rock characterisation and the licence have all been granted.
consideration of potential sites, status of
Secondary approvals such as Project management plan,
design options considered and, where
Works approval and mining proposal have been
applicable, the status of approvals for
submitted and are waiting for approval.
process residue storage and waste
dumps should be reported.
Infrastructure The existence of appropriate Image has exercised an option to purchase 550 Ha of
infrastructure: availability of land for land situated over a key area of the deposit
plant development, power, water,
Image owns a WCP, Slurry mining unit (SMU), pipes,
transportation (particularly for bulk
pumps and power infrastructure for mining at
commodities), labour, accommodation;
Boonanarring
or the ease with which the infrastructure
can be provided, or accessed. Labour is likely to be acquired from the local area and
surrounds.
Costs The derivation of, or assumptions made, Projected capital costs relate to sustaining capital only
regarding projected capital costs in the and are considered appropriate.
study.
Operating history (Murray Zircon’s Mindarie project)
The methodology used to estimate and Pre-Feasibility Study in combination with offtake
operating costs. agreements in place for sale of various commodities
produced at Boonanaring, at varied proportions of
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Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
Allowances made for the content of product volume provide adequate coverage for the
deleterious elements. estimation of operating costs. For the purpose of the
Reserve financial calculations, the contract prices are
The source of exchange rates used in the
commercially sensitive.
study.
Product specifications deals with deleterious elements.
Derivation of transportation charges.
Long term exchange rates of A$0.73 were sourced from
The basis for forecasting or source of
Azure
treatment and refining charges,
penalties for failure to meet Transportation charges reflect contract quotes with
specification, etc. service providers. The transportation charges are
included in the selling costs. The selling costs include
The allowances made for royalties’
provision for bagging, handling, transport to port, and
payable, both Government and private.
port costs. All product prices have been derived on an
FOB basis and as such shipping prices have not been
included.
Third party processing costs reflect contracted rates
Allowances made for royalties include a 5.0% revenue
royalty. There will be no land owner payments as Image
intends to purchase all the land
Revenue factors The derivation of, or assumptions made Azure have provided a pricing range for each of the
regarding revenue factors including head products which Image have used.
grade, metal or commodity price(s)
Product revenue for the zircon concentrate product is
exchange rates, transportation and
calculated using Azure long term prices adjusted for
treatment charges, penalties, net
zircon quality and other factors contained in the offtake
smelter returns, etc.
agreement for this product.
The derivation of assumptions made of
Product revenue for all other products is calculated
metal or commodity price(s), for the
using Azure’s long term prices adjusted for content,
principal metals, minerals and co-
product quality and other factors, as well as the
products.
company’s expectations.
Market assessment The demand, supply and stock situation Market analysis is based on independent reports and
for the particular commodity, IMA marketing activities, with demand for mineral
consumption trends and factors likely to sands typically following global GDP.
affect supply and demand into the
IMA produces Zircon and TiO2 products which are
future.
forecast to be in relative short supply in the medium
A customer and competitor analysis term.
along with the identification of likely
At current production rates, final products of Zircon
market windows for the product.
expected to average – 40 ktpa (dry). Ilmenite –
Price and volume forecasts and the basis 100 ktpa (dry)
for these forecasts.
Offtake agreement for 90% of Zircon at market price.
For industrial minerals the customer
Other products still to be marketed
specification, testing and acceptance
requirements prior to a supply contract.
Economic The inputs to the economic analysis to To demonstrate the Ore Reserve is economic it has
produce the net present value (NPV) in been evaluated through a high level financial model.
the study, the source and confidence of This process has demonstrated the Ore Reserve
generates positive cash flows above the cut-off grade.
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Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
these economic inputs including Economic assumptions with respect to product pricing
estimated inflation, discount rate, etc. and operating costs are described above.
NPV ranges and sensitivity to variations
in the significant assumptions and
inputs.
Social The status of agreements with key Agreements are in place with all current relevant
stakeholders and matters leading to stakeholders and negotiations are well advanced with
social licence to operate. those identified as high probability of needing
agreements to be in place. IMA has a comprehensive
community engagement program.
Other To the extent relevant, the impact of the No identifiable naturally occurring risks have been
following on the project and/or on the identified to impact the Ore Reserves.
estimation and classification of the Ore
A 90% Zircon offtake agreement is in place
Reserves:
Secondary approvals such as Project management plan,
Any identified material naturally
Works approval and mining proposal are 90% complete
occurring risks.
to date.
The status of material legal agreements
and marketing arrangements.
The status of governmental agreements
and approvals critical to the viability of
the project, such as mineral tenement
status, and government and statutory
approvals. There must be reasonable
grounds to expect that all necessary
Government approvals will be received
within the timeframes anticipated in the
Pre-Feasibility or Feasibility study.
Highlight and discuss the materiality of
any unresolved matter that is dependent
on a third party on which extraction of
the reserve is contingent.
Classification The basis for the classification of the Ore Mineral Resources converted to Ore Reserves as per
Reserves into varying confidence JORC 2012 guidelines, i.e. Measured to Proven,
categories. Indicated to Probable. No downgrading in category has
occurred for this project. No Inferred category material
Whether the result appropriately reflects
used or reported.
the Competent Person’s view of the
deposit. The result reflects the Competent Person’s view of the
deposit.
The proportion of Probable Ore Reserves
that have been derived from Measured There is no portion of “probable” Ore reserves derived
Mineral Resources (if any). from Measured Mineral Resources.
Audits or reviews The results of any audits or reviews of The Ore Reserve has been calculated by Image with
Ore Reserve estimates. Independent consultants Optiro Pty Ltd providing the
relevant direction and providing CP signing off on the
Ore Reserve.
Discussion of relative Where appropriate a statement of the The level of accuracy for the Ore Reserve is determined
accuracy/ confidence relative accuracy and confidence level in largely by the Mineral Resources model, the
the Ore Reserve estimate using an metallurgical assumptions as well as long term revenue
approach or procedure deemed and cost assumptions.
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Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
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| Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary |
Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary |
Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary |
|---|---|---|
| appropriate by the Competent Person. For example, the application of statistical or geostatistical procedures to quantify the relative accuracy of the reserve within stated confidence limits, or, if such an approach is not deemed appropriate, a qualitative discussion of the factors which could affect the relative accuracy and confidence of the estimate. The statement should specify whether it relates to global or local estimates, and, if local, state the relevant tonnages, which should be relevant to technical and economic evaluation. Documentation should include assumptions made and the procedures used. Accuracy and confidence discussions should extend to specific discussions of any applied Modifying Factors that may have a material impact on Ore Reserve viability, or for which there are remaining areas of uncertainty at the current study stage. It is recognised that this may not be possible or appropriate in all circumstances. These statements of relative accuracy and confidence of the estimate should be compared with production data, where available. |
Boonanarring is a new operation and as such insufficient production data exists to enable a full statistical reconciliation at this stage. |
Image Resources NL ABN 57 063 977 579 Ground Floor, 23 Ventnor Ave West Perth WA 6005 | PO Box 469 West Perth WA 6872 T: 08 9485 2410 | F: 08 9486 8312 www.imageres.com.au
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