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IMAGE RESOURCES NL Audit Report / Information 2017

Apr 9, 2017

65117_rns_2017-04-09_d0e1e154-7967-4726-b056-156cdad4f297.pdf

Audit Report / Information

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10 April 2017

==> picture [216 x 36] intentionally omitted <==

________________

UPDATED ORE RESERVES FOR BOONANARRING PROJECT INCREASES ORE TONNES BY 39%

_________________

Image Resources NL (ASX: IMA) (“Image” or “the Company”) is pleased to announce a 39% increase in the total tonnes of ore reserves for its 100%-owned Boonanarring Minerals Sand Project located 120 km north of Perth in the North Perth Basin . This increase in ore reserves follows on from the Company’s ASX announcement of 13 March 2017 of outstanding drill results confirming the potential of a 5.6km high-grade extension of the Boonanarring deposit to the north.

As part of the bankable feasibility study being conducted for the Company’s high-grade Boonanarring and Atlas mineral sand projects, Optiro Pty Ltd ( Optiro ) has completed an update of the estimated Ore Reserves for the Boonanarring Project in accordance with the guidelines for the reporting of Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves the JORC Code (2012).

When compared to the estimated Ore Reserves for Boonanarring prepared for Image for its 2013 feasibility study, the total tonnes of Ore Reserves have increased by 39% from 14.4 million to 20.0 million tonnes or by 24% to 17.8 million tonnes based on the strandline mineralisation only , albeit at a lower HM grade and mineral assemblage as detailed below. In addition, up to two years of production is now in the Proved category.

The Company also completed additional in-fill drilling in March which will be used to provide a further update to the Ore Reserves in the coming weeks and is expected to push additional tonnes into the Proved category.

A summary of the Ore Reserves estimate by Optiro for the Boonanarring deposit as at March 2017, reported on the Mineral Resources at a cut-off grade of 2.0% total heavy minerals (HM), is presented in Table 1. The Ore Reserves summary from 2013, reported on the Mineral Resources at a cut-off grade of 2.5% HM is shown in Table 2.

Table 1. 2017 Boonanarring Ore Reserves Summary[1-5]

Clifii
Million
THM
Slimes
Oversize
% of total heavy mineral
asscaton
tonnes
%
%
%
Zircon
Rutile
Leucoxene
Ilmenite
Strandline mineralisation
Proved
5.8
9.1
14.2
6.6
21.6
2.2
1.9
48.5
Probable
11.9
7.0
16.8
7.8
24.0
2.5
1.6
51.4
Sub-total
17.8
7.7
16.0
7.4
23.0
2.4
1.7
50.3
Overlying mineralisation
Probable
2.2
3.0
20.3
7.3
8.6
4.1
2.7
61.8
Sub-total
2.2
3.0
20.3
7.3
8.6
4.1
2.7
61.8
Total
Proved
5.8
9.1
14.2
6.6
21.6
2.2
1.9
48.5
Probable
14.2
6.4
17.4
7.7
22.8
2.6
1.7
52.2
Total
20.0
7.2
16.5
7.4
22.4
2.4
1.8
50.8

Image Resources NL ABN 57 063 977 579 Ground Floor, 23 Ventnor Ave West Perth WA 6005 | PO Box 469 West Perth WA 6872 T: 08 9485 2410 | F: 08 9486 8312 www.imageres.com.au

Page 1 of 26

Table 2. 2013 Boonanarring Ore Reserves Summary[6]


Million
HM
Slimes
Oversize **% of total heavy mineral **
Classification
tonnes
%
%
% Zircon
Rutile
Leucoxene
Ilmenite
Probable
14.4
8.3
17
- 24
3
6
47
Total
14.4
8.3
17
- 24
3
6
47

Table notes:

1. Ore Reserves are based upon a cut-off grade of 2% total heavy minerals (THM) and resource materials in domain 11 containing less than 6% zircon have been excluded from the Ore Reserve estimation.

2. The Ore Reserves are based upon an FX rate US$0.73:A$1.00; and the following commodity prices: ilmenite - $US144, leucoxene - $US522, rutile - $US936 and zircon - $US1,126.

3. Mineral Resources have been reported as inclusive of Ore Reserves.

4. The mineral assemblage is reported as a percentage of in-situ THM content.

5. Tonnes and grade data have been rounded to one significant figure. Discrepancies in summations may occur due to rounding.

6. Based on Mineral Resources at 2.5% HM cut-off grade.

The principal reasons for the increase in tonnes of Ore Reserves reported in 2017 are:

  • An expanded area of mineralisation as a result of additional drilling completed since 2013;

  • Delineation of a substantially contiguous layer of lower grade mineralisation overlying the high-grade mineralised strands (Overlying Mineralisation) , previously thought to be discontinuous and sub-economic; and

  • Application of a lower cut-off grade to the Mineral Resources (2.0% HM versus 2.5% in 2013).

Drilling since 2013 on the southern end of the deposit has extended the strike-length of Boonanarring Strandline Mineralisation from 11.2 km to 13.2 km and added approximately 5 million tonnes of Mineral Resources. In general, this additional mineralisation is at a significantly lower HM grade (~3.5% HM) and lower in overall mineral assemblage value (~8.5% zircon) than the previously reported main strandline mineralisation.

The Executive Summary from the Ore Reserves estimate by Optiro is attached.

The 2017 Ore Reserves have been incorporated into the ongoing bankable feasibility study (BFS). All required engineering work, including operating cost estimates for the study were completed on schedule by the end of March. Further review of capital cost estimates and economic modelling is ongoing and BFS reporting is underway and anticipated to be completed during April 2017.

Completion of the BFS coincides well with recent strengthening of mineral sands commodities prices as demonstrated by published information from various sources indicating strengthening demand and increasing prices for zircon and more than a doubling of the price of ilmenite since mid-2016 to more than US$200/tonne.

Image Resources NL ABN 57 063 977 579 Ground Floor, 23 Ventnor Ave West Perth WA 6005 | PO Box 469 West Perth WA 6872 T: 08 9485 2410 | F: 08 9486 8312 www.imageres.com.au

Page 2 of 26

For further information, please contact:

Patrick Mutz

Managing Director +61 8 9485 2410 [email protected] www.imageres.com.au

COMPLIANCE STATEMENT

The information in this report that relates to the estimation of Mineral Resources is based on information compiled by Mrs Christine Standing, who is a Member of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (AusIMM) and the Australian Institute of Geoscientists (AIG). Mrs Standing is a full-time employee of Optiro Pty Ltd and has sufficient experience which is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under consideration and to the activity which she is undertaking to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the ‘Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves’. Mrs Standing consents to the inclusion in this report of the matters based on her information in the form and context in which it appears.

The Ore Reserves statement has been compiled in accordance with the guidelines of the Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves (The JORC Code – 2012 Edition). The Ore Reserves have been compiled by Jarrod Pye, Mining Engineer and full-time employee of Image Resources, under the direction of Andrew Law of Optiro, who is a Fellow of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. Mr Law has sufficient experience in Ore Reserves estimation relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under consideration to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the “Australasian Code for Reporting of Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves”. Mr Law consents to the inclusion in the report of the matters compiled by him in the form and context in which it appears.

Image Resources NL ABN 57 063 977 579 Ground Floor, 23 Ventnor Ave West Perth WA 6005 | PO Box 469 West Perth WA 6872 T: 08 9485 2410 | F: 08 9486 8312 www.imageres.com.au

Page 3 of 26

Extract from Image Resources NL Boonanarring Mineral Sands Project Ore Reserves Report - February 2017

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Optiro Pty Ltd (Optiro) was commissioned by Image Resources NL (IMAGE) to oversee the Ore Reserve estimation process for the Boonanarring Project as at 1 February 2017. The Boonanarring project is located approximately 120 km north of Perth, Western Australia and is accessible from wellmaintained roads off the Brand Highway, north of the Gingin town-site. The Boonanarring Project is 100% owned by IMAGE.

The Ore Reserve estimate followed the creation of an open pit Mineral Resource estimate in January 2017 as part of the Mineral Resource update for the Boonanarring mineral sands project. The Mineral Resources work was carried out by Christine Standing (Principal Consultant, Optiro) a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the 'Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves' (the JORC Code).

All material was subjected to an economic evaluation, wherein all costs have been based on a mining rate of 3.7 Mtpa, a wet concentrator plant throughput rate of 3.7 Mtpa and process recoveries of 92% for ilmenite, 78% for leucoxene, 92% for rutile and 95% for zircon. Further dry plant processing is to be undertaken (by others) with a projected throughput of 240,000 tonnes heavy mineral concentrate (HMC) per annum with recoveries of 94% ilmenite, 80% leucoxene, 88% rutile and 85% zircon.

The Boonanarring Project is to be operated using conventional heavy mineral sands open pit mining methods (excavators, trucks, scrapers, mobile hoppers, dozers and grader) by a mining contractor on a schedule of rates style contract. Dilution and recovery of the ore zones were estimated at 2% and 100% respectively. These parameters were agreed to in consultation with Image.

Revenue was based on an AUD:USD exchange rate of 0.73; an ilmenite price of $144 per tonne, leucoxene price of $522 per tonne, rutile price of $936 per tonne and a zircon price of $1,126 per tonne. All prices are in $US.

To the best of Optiro’s knowledge, Image is currently compliant with all legal and regulatory requirements. All government permits and licenses and statutory approvals are either granted or in the process of being granted. No risk factors have been applied to the mining rates.

Measured and Indicated Mineral Resources were converted to Proved and Probable Ore Reserves, subject to the mine design, physical modifying factors and an economic evaluation. The following Ore Reserve statement outlines the Ore Reserves for the Boonanarring Project as at 1 February 2017.

Material was excised (~23.7 Mt) from the Mineral Resource model used to generate the Ore Reserve model. This was excluded from the following areas:

  1. No mining is allowed within 50 m of any Nature Reserve.

Image Resources NL ABN 57 063 977 579 Ground Floor, 23 Ventnor Ave West Perth WA 6005 | PO Box 469 West Perth WA 6872 T: 08 9485 2410 | F: 08 9486 8312 www.imageres.com.au

Page 4 of 26

  1. No mining or clearing can occur within 100 m of the Bunbury to Dampier gas pipeline.

  2. No mining can occur within 40 m of any road or thoroughfare.

  3. No mining can occur within 20 m of mining lease boundaries

Table 0.1 contains a summary of the Boonanarring Ore Reserves as at February 2017.

Table 0.1 Boonanarring Project – Ore Reserve Statement as at February 2017.

Million THM
Slimes
Oversize
% of total heavy mineral
Classification

tonnes
%
%
%
Zircon
Rutile
Leucoxene
Ilmenite
Strandline mineralisation
Proved
5.8
9.1
14.2
6.6
21.6
2.2
1.9
48.5
Probable
11.9
7.0
16.8
7.8
24.0
2.5
1.6
51.4
Sub-total
17.8
7.7
16.0
7.4
23.0
2.4
1.7
50.3
Overlying mineralisation
Probable
2.2
3.0
20.3
7.3
8.6
4.1
2.7
61.8
Sub-total
2.2
3.0
20.3
7.3
8.6
4.1
2.7
61.8
Total
Proved
5.8
9.1
14.2
6.6
21.6
2.2
1.9
48.5
Probable
14.2
6.4
17.4
7.7
22.8
2.6
1.7
52.2
Total
20.0
7.2
16.5
7.4
22.4
2.4
1.8
50.8

Notes accompanying the Ore Reserve statement:

1. Ore Reserves are based upon a cut-off grade of 2% total heavy minerals (THM) and resource materials in domain 11 containing less than 6% zircon have been excluded from the Ore Reserve estimation.

2. The Ore Reserves are based upon an FX rate US$:A$ $0.73 and an ilmenite price of $US144, leucoxene price of $US522, rutile price of $US936 and a zircon price of $US1,126.

3. Mineral Resources have been reported as inclusive of Ore Reserves.

4. The mineral assemblage is reported as a percentage of in-situ THM content.

5. Tonnes and grade data have been rounded to one significant figure. Discrepancies in summations may occur due to rounding.

Figure 1 illustrates how the Ore Reserves have been calculated from the Mineral Resources.

Image Resources NL ABN 57 063 977 579 Ground Floor, 23 Ventnor Ave West Perth WA 6005 | PO Box 469 West Perth WA 6872 T: 08 9485 2410 | F: 08 9486 8312 www.imageres.com.au

Page 5 of 26

Figure 1 Waterfall graph 2017 Mineral Resources to 2017 Ore Reserves

==> picture [454 x 262] intentionally omitted <==

Image Resources NL ABN 57 063 977 579 Ground Floor, 23 Ventnor Ave West Perth WA 6005 | PO Box 469 West Perth WA 6872 T: 08 9485 2410 | F: 08 9486 8312 www.imageres.com.au

Page 6 of 26

APPENDIX A. JORC CODE TABLE 1 CRITERIA

The table below summaries the assessment and reporting criteria used for the Boonanarring project Mineral Resource and Ore Reserve estimates and reflects the guidelines in Table 1 of The Australasian Code for the Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves (the JORC Code, 2012).

SECTION 1 SAMPLING TECHNIQUES AND DATA

SECTION 1 SAMPLING TECHNIQUES AND DATA SECTION 1 SAMPLING TECHNIQUES AND DATA
(Criteria in this section apply to all succeeding sections.)

Criteria

JORC Code explanation
Commentary
Sampling
technique
s

Nature and quality of sampling (e.g. cut
channels, random chips, or specific specialised
industry standard measurement tools
appropriate to the minerals under investigation,
such as down hole gamma sondes, or handheld
XRF instruments, etc.). These examples should
not be taken as limiting the broad meaning of
sampling.

Include reference to measures taken to ensure
sample representivity and the appropriate
calibration of any measurement tools or
systems used.

Aspects of the determination of mineralisation
that are Material to the Public Report.

In cases where ‘industry standard’ work has
been done this would be relatively simple (e.g.
‘reverse circulation drilling was used to obtain 1
m samples from which 3 kg was pulverised to
produce a 30 g charge for fire assay’). In other
cases more explanation may be required, such
as where there is coarse gold that has inherent
sampling problems. Unusual commodities or
mineralisation types (e.g. submarine nodules)
may warrant disclosure of detailed information.

Sampling of the deposit has been by vertical reverse-
circulation air-core method (RCAC). This is a Mineral
sands industry-standard drilling technique.

Samples are from intervals of 0.5 m, 0.7 m, 1 m and
1.5 m and 2 m. The majority of samples (98%) are from
intervals of 1 m.

11 vertical diamond core holes were drilled in 2016 to
obtain geotechnical and bulk density data.
Drilling
technique
s

Drill type (e.g. core, reverse circulation, open-
hole hammer, rotary air blast, auger, Bangka,
sonic, etc.) and details (e.g. core diameter, triple
or standard tube, depth of diamond tails, face-
sampling bit or other type, whether core is
oriented and if so, by what method, etc.).

All Image RCAC drill holes are drilled vertically using an
NQ-sized (76 mm diameter) drill bit.

All Iluka RCAC drill holes are vertical and were drilled
using a BQ-sized drill bit (60 mm diameter).

Water injection is used to convert the sample to a slurry
so it can be incrementally sampled by a rotary splitter.

20 vertical diamond core holes were drilled in 2016 using
a PQ sized drill bit (85 mm) diameter).
Drill
sample
recovery

Method of recording and assessing core and
chip sample recoveries and results assessed.

Measures taken to maximise sample recovery
and ensure representative nature of the
samples.

At the drill site, Image’s geologist estimates sample
recovery qualitatively (as good, moderate or poor) for
each 1 m down hole sampling interval. Specifically, the
supervising geologist visually estimates the volume
recovered to sample and reject bags based on prior

Image Resources NL ABN 57 063 977 579 Ground Floor, 23 Ventnor Ave West Perth WA 6005 | PO Box 469 West Perth WA 6872 T: 08 9485 2410 | F: 08 9486 8312 www.imageres.com.au

Page 7 of 26

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary

Whether a relationship exists between sample
recovery and grade and whether sample bias
may have occurred due to preferential loss/gain
of fine/coarse material.
experience as to what constitutes good recovery.

Image has recorded that over 90% of the samples have
good recovery and that less than 5% have moderate
recovery and less than 5% have poor recovery.

Image also monitors recovery through the mass of the
laboratory sample, which is recorded prior to despatch
and again on delivery to the laboratory. The mass
variation in the laboratory samples can then be correlated
back to the original total sample.
Logging
Whether core and chip samples have been
geologically and geotechnically logged to a level
of detail to support appropriate Mineral
Resource estimation, mining studies and
metallurgical studies.

Whether logging is qualitative or quantitative in
nature. Core (or costean, channel, etc.)
photography.

The total length and percentage of the relevant
intersections logged.

Image’s supervising geologist logs the sample reject
material at the rig and pans a small sub-sample of the
reject, to visually estimate the proportions of sands,
heavy mineral (HM) sands, ‘slimes’ (clays), and oversize
(rock chips) in each sample, in a semi-quantitative
manner.

The geologist also logs colour, grainsize, an estimate of
induration (a hardness estimate) and sample ‘washability’
(ease of separation of slimes from sands by manual
attrition).

To preclude data entry and transcription errors, the
logging data is captured into a digital data logger at the
rig, which contains pre-set logging codes.

No photographs of samples are taken.

The digital logs are downloaded daily and emailed to
Image’s head office for data security and compilation into
the main database server.

Samples visually estimated by the geologist to contain
more than 0.5% HM (by weight) are despatched for
analysis along with the 1 m intervals above and below
the mineralised interval.

The level and detail of logging is of sufficient quality to
support Mineral Resource estimates (MRE).

All (100%) of the drilling is logged.

Geotechnical holes have been logged and assessments
as to pit stability determined.
Sub-
sampling

If core, whether cut or sawn and whether
quarter, half or all core taken.

If non-core, whether riffled, tube sampled, rotary

The majority of the samples (98%) are from 1 m intervals
and almost 43% of samples were analysed for total HM,

Image Resources NL ABN 57 063 977 579 Ground Floor, 23 Ventnor Ave West Perth WA 6005 | PO Box 469 West Perth WA 6872 T: 08 9485 2410 | F: 08 9486 8312 www.imageres.com.au

Page 8 of 26

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
technique
s and
sample
preparatio
n
split, etc. and whether sampled wet or dry.

For all sample types, the nature, quality and
appropriateness of the sample preparation
technique.

Quality control procedures adopted for all sub-
sampling stages to maximise representivity of
samples.

Measures taken to ensure that the sampling is
representative of the in situ material collected,
including for instance results for field
duplicate/second-half sampling.

Whether sample sizes are appropriate to the
grain size of the material being sampled.
slimes and oversize.

The sample from the internal RC rods is directed to a
cyclone and then through a ‘rotating-chute’ custom-built
splitting device. This device allows different fraction splits
from the cyclone sample stream to be directed to either
25 cm by 35 cm calico bags (as the laboratory despatch
samples) or to large plastic polyweave bags for the
sample rejects. The rotary splitter directs≈10
increments from the stream to the laboratory despatch
samples, for a specified sampling interval.

Sample tickets with the interval’s unique sample ID are
placed in each bag.

For resource definition drilling, two (replicate) 1/8 mass
splits (each≈1.25 kg) are collected from the rotary
splitter into two pre-numbered calico bags for each 1 m
down hole interval. A selection of the replicate samples
are later collected and analysed to quantify field sampling
precision, or as samples contributing to potential future
metallurgical composites.

Iluka is understood to have used a similar procedure
albeit no records are available to support this assertion.

To monitor sample representation and sample number
correctness, Image weighs the laboratory despatch
samples prior to despatch. The laboratory then weighs
the received sample and reports the mass to Image.
This identifies any potential mix up of sample numbers
and is also a proxy for sample recovery.

Image considers the nature, quality and size of the sub
samples collected are consistent with best industry
practices of mineral sands explorers in the Perth Basin
region.
Quality of
assay
data and
laboratory
tests

The nature, quality and appropriateness of the
assaying and laboratory procedures used and
whether the technique is considered partial or
total.

For geophysical tools, spectrometers, handheld
XRF instruments, etc., the parameters used in
determining the analysis including instrument
make and model, reading times, calibrations
factors applied and their derivation, etc.

Nature of quality control procedures adopted
(e.g. standards, blanks, duplicates, external
laboratory checks) and whether acceptable
levels of accuracy (i.e. lack of bias) and

Image and Iluka used industry standard approaches to
estimating the contents of HM, slimes and oversize
involving screening to remove oversize, washing slimes
from samples and then extracting the heavy minerals
from the residual sands using heavy media.

Image engaged four laboratories (Western Geolabs,
Diamantina Laboratory, Diamond Recovery Services
Laboratory and Robbins Metallurgical Laboratory).

Iluka used a few certified reference materials (CRMs) to
quantify the accuracy of the drilling with acceptable

Image Resources NL ABN 57 063 977 579 Ground Floor, 23 Ventnor Ave West Perth WA 6005 | PO Box 469 West Perth WA 6872 T: 08 9485 2410 | F: 08 9486 8312 www.imageres.com.au

Page 9 of 26

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
precision have been established. results. Image inserted CRMs for drilling undertaken
during 2014, 2015 and 2016.

Both Iluka and Image collected duplicate samples
including field-duplicates of the primary sample,
laboratory duplicates at the laboratory sub-sampling
stage (post de-sliming) and laboratory re-submission
duplicates to the original or alternative laboratories used
by Iluka and/or Image.

Analysis of QAQC data for the drilling programs indicates
that it is of moderate to high quality and supports Mineral
Resource estimation.

Three sets of mineral assemblage data have been used
to estimate the ilmenite, leucoxene, rutile and zircon
concentrations within the HM:
− data from Iluka (magnetic separation followed by
density separation using solutions of 3.85 g/cm3
and 4.05 g/cm3)
− XRF data (after microscope examination to exclude
non-representative samples e.g. laterite)

QEMSCAN data.
Verificatio
n of
sampling
and
assaying

The verification of significant intersections by
either independent or alternative company
personnel.

The use of twinned holes.

Documentation of primary data, data entry
procedures, data verification, data storage
(physical and electronic) protocols.

Discuss any adjustment to assay data.

Image drilled a number of twin holes (within 10 m of Iluka
holes). The twin holes compare favourably for HM and
slimes grades. Oversize grades could not be compared
as Image and Iluka use different size thresholds for
oversize.

Image collected primary data on hard copy logs and also
used a data logger. Data from laboratories was provided
in digital form and compiled in Microsoft Access
databases and spreadsheets.

Almost 50% of the assayed intervals have been analysed
using a <53 µm grain size for slimes and a -2mm+53µm
grain size for HM, and almost 50% of the data has been
analysed using a <63 µm grain size for slimes and a -
1mm+63um grain size for HM. Less than 2% of the HM
data is from a grain size fraction of -1mm+53µm Grain
size analysis was used to generate adjustment factors
that have been applied to convert the +53 µm HM data to
+63 µm HM data and to convert the -53 µm slimes
data to -63 µm slimes data.

Grain size analysis indicates that the zircon and TiO2

Image Resources NL ABN 57 063 977 579 Ground Floor, 23 Ventnor Ave West Perth WA 6005 | PO Box 469 West Perth WA 6872 T: 08 9485 2410 | F: 08 9486 8312 www.imageres.com.au

Page 10 of 26

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
minerals are all ≤850 µm.

Results from QEMSCAN analysis of 20 composite
samples, originally analysed using XRF, were used to
calibrate the results from XRF with the QEMSCAN
results.
Location
of data
points

Accuracy and quality of surveys used to locate
drill holes (collar and down-hole surveys),
trenches, mine workings and other locations
used in Mineral Resource estimation.

Specification of the grid system used.

Quality and adequacy of topographic control.

Drill hole collars at Boonanarring have been surveyed
using hand-held DGPS and RTK DGPS methods, with
the latter method deemed most accurate.

The collar coordinates and survey ground controls have
been tied to the Landgate GOLA database by a
registered surveyor.

All collars for the Mineral Resource estimate have been
adjusted to a LiDAR topographic model described below.

Data for Boonanarring has been surveyed in MGA Zone
50 GDA94. The Mineral Resource has been estimated in
a local grid system based on a two-point transformation.
This transformation has been validated by Image’s
survey contractor.

The topographic model for Boonanarring is based on
LiDAR survey. A review of this survey by Image’s survey
contractor revealed that the survey had an incorrect
vertical datum; elevations are 0.3 m higher than
measured at collars using RTK DGPS. The corrected
LiDAR surface was used to constrain the Mineral
Resource model.
Data
spacing
and
distributio
n

Data spacing for reporting of Exploration
Results.

Whether the data spacing and distribution is
sufficient to establish the degree of geological
and grade continuity appropriate for the Mineral
Resource and Ore Reserve estimation
procedure(s) and classifications applied.

Whether sample compositing has been applied.

The drill hole spacing is generally 20 m to 40 m across
strike on section lines spaced at 100 m or 200 m along
strike. Some areas have been drilled at a wider spacing
of up to 80 m by 400 m.

The drill database used in the resource estimate
comprises 1,513 drill holes for a total 62,499.5 m drilled
by Image and Iluka between 1998 and 2016.

Samples for HM assemblage determination were
composited on intervals according to a combination of
grade and geology appropriate to reflect resource
estimation domains. 292 composites from 569 holes
totalling 3,799 m were used in the Mineral Resource
estimate.

The data spacing and distribution is sufficient to establish
the degree of geological and grade continuity appropriate

Image Resources NL ABN 57 063 977 579 Ground Floor, 23 Ventnor Ave West Perth WA 6005 | PO Box 469 West Perth WA 6872 T: 08 9485 2410 | F: 08 9486 8312 www.imageres.com.au

Page 11 of 26

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
for the Mineral Resource estimation procedure and
classification applied.
Orientatio
n of data
in relation
to
geological
structure

Whether the orientation of sampling achieves
unbiased sampling of possible structures and
the extent to which this is known, considering
the deposit type.

If the relationship between the drilling
orientation and the orientation of key
mineralised structures is considered to have
introduced a sampling bias, this should be
assessed and reported if material.

All drill holes are vertical and intersect sub-horizontal
strata. This is appropriate for the orientation of the
mineralisation and will not have introduced a bias.
Sample
security

The measures taken to ensure sample security.

All samples are collected from site by Image’s staff as
soon as practicable once drilling is completed and then
delivered to Image’s locked storage sheds.

Image’s staff deliver samples to the laboratory and collect
heavy mineral floats from the laboratory, which are also
stored in Image’s locked storage.

Image considers there is negligible risk of deliberate or
accidental contamination of samples. Occasional sample
mix-ups are corrected using Images checking and quality
control procedures.
Audits or
reviews

The results of any audits or reviews of sampling
techniques and data.

The results and logging have been reviewed internally by
Image’s senior exploration personnel including checking
of masses despatched and delivered, checking of CRM
results, and verification logging of significant intercepts.

The database, sampling procedures and documentation
were reviewed by Harlequin Consulting Pty Ltd in 2015.

In April 2013, CSA Global audited Robbins Metallurgical
Laboratory and found the laboratory practices acceptable
to support results for Mineral Resource estimation

SECTION 2 REPORTING OF EXPLORATION RESULTS

SECTION 2 REPORTING OF EXPLORATION RESULTS SECTION 2 REPORTING OF EXPLORATION RESULTS SECTION 2 REPORTING OF EXPLORATION RESULTS
(Criteria listed in the preceding section also apply to this section.)
Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
Mineral
tenement and
land tenure
status

Type, reference name/number, location
and ownership including agreements or
material issues with third parties such as
joint ventures, partnerships, overriding
royalties, native title interests, historical
sites, wilderness or national park and
environmental settings.

The security of the tenure held at the time

The Boonanarring deposit is within mining leases
M70/1194 (expiry 15/12/2026) and M70/1311 (expiry
11/03/2034), exploration licence E70/3041 (expiry
9/06/2018) and general purpose licence G70/250 (expiry
7/05/2034). Image has a 100% interest in each of these
licences.

M70/1311 abuts Bartlett’s Well and Boonanarring Nature

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Page 12 of 26

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
of reporting along with any known
impediments to obtaining a licence to
operate in the area.
Reserves and Image has allowed for a 50 m buffer zone
(of no mining activity) adjacent to these reserves.
Exploration
done by other
parties

Acknowledgment and appraisal of
exploration by other parties.

The Boonanarring deposit was discovered by Iluka, who
drilled out the central area to a Measured Resource
status. The work is well documented in reports from Iluka,
prior Mineral Resource estimators McDonald Speijers
(2005) and Widenbar and Associates (2013), and
Harlequin Consulting Pty Ltd (2014 and 2015).
Geology
Deposit type, geological setting and style
of mineralisation.

Boonanarring is hosted in the Perth Basin, in the
Pleistocene Yoganup Formation on the eastern margin of
the Swan Coastal Plain.

The Yoganup Formation is a buried pro-graded shoreline
deposit, with dunes, beach ridge and deltaic facies. This
formation lies unconformably over the Lower Cretaceous
Leederville Formation and is overlain by the Quaternary
Bassendean Sand.

The Yoganup Formation consists of unconsolidated
poorly sorted sands and gravels, with local interstitial clay
and heavy minerals that occur sporadically along the
Gingin Scarp, which is interpreted to be an ancient
shoreline that was stable during a period of marine
regression.

Boonanarring has three major strandlines of heavy
minerals, which are interpreted to have been deposited
during the Pleistocene in a notch in the local basement
rock that may represent an ancient sea cliff. Lower grade
mineralisation is present in the sands overlying the higher
grade strandlines.

The basement to the standline mineralisation is identified
by the increased slimes content of the Leederville
Formation. Mineralisation within this has high zircon
concentrations.
Drill hole
Information

A summary of all information material to
the understanding of the exploration
results including a tabulation of the
following information for all Material drill
holes:
o
easting and northing of the drill hole
collar
o
elevation or RL (Reduced Level –
elevation above sea level in metres)
of the drill hole collar

Not relevant – Mineral Resource defined. Exploration
results are not being reported for the Mineral Resource
area.

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Page 13 of 26

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
o
dip and azimuth of the hole
o
down hole length and interception
depth
o
hole length.

If the exclusion of this information is
justified on the basis that the information
is not Material and this exclusion does not
detract from the understanding of the
report, the Competent Person should
clearly explain why this is the case.
Data
aggregation
methods

In reporting Exploration Results,
weighting averaging techniques,
maximum and/or minimum grade
truncations (e.g. cutting of high grades)
and cut-off grades are usually Material
and should be stated.

Where aggregate intercepts incorporate
short lengths of high grade results and
longer lengths of low grade results, the
procedure used for such aggregation
should be stated and some typical
examples of such aggregations should be
shown in detail.

The assumptions used for any reporting
of metal equivalent values should be
clearly stated.

Not relevant – Mineral Resource defined. Exploration
results are not being reported for the Mineral Resource
area.

There are no metal equivalent values assumptions
applied in the Mineral Resource reporting.
Relationship
between
mineralisatio
n widths and
intercept
lengths

These relationships are particularly
important in the reporting of Exploration
Results.

If the geometry of the mineralisation with
respect to the drill hole angle is known, its
nature should be reported.

If it is not known and only the down hole
lengths are reported, there should be a
clear statement to this effect (e.g. ‘down
hole length, true width not known’).

The geometry of the Boonanarring mineralisation is
effectively horizontal and the vertical drill holes used to
define the Mineral Resource give the approximate true
thicknesses of mineralisation.
Diagrams
Appropriate maps and sections (with
scales) and tabulations of intercepts
should be included for any significant
discovery being reported These should
include, but not be limited to a plan view
of drill hole collar locations and
appropriate sectional views.

Refer to diagrams in Resource report
Balanced
reporting

Where comprehensive reporting of all
Exploration Results is not practicable,
representative reporting of both low and
high grades and/or widths should be
practiced to avoid misleading reporting of
Exploration Results.

Not relevant – Mineral Resource defined. Exploration
results are not being reported for the Mineral Resource
area.
Other
Other exploration data, if meaningful and
material, should be reported including (but

Slimes and HM grain size analysis reported under

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Page 14 of 26

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
substantive
exploration
data
not limited to): geological observations;
geophysical survey results; geochemical
survey results; bulk samples – size and
method of treatment; metallurgical test
results; bulk density, groundwater,
geotechnical and rock characteristics;
potential deleterious or contaminating
substances.
“Verification of sampling and assaying”.

Bulk density and geotechnical work reported under “Bulk
Density” and “Logging”.

Metallurgical test results of bulk samples reported
under “Metallurgical factors or assumptions”.
Further work
The nature and scale of planned further
work (e.g. tests for lateral extensions or
depth extensions or large-scale step-out
drilling).

Diagrams clearly highlighting the areas of
possible extensions, including the main
geological interpretations and future
drilling areas, provided this information is
not commercially sensitive.

2.5 km of under-explored ground separate the updated
Boonanarring deposit from the Gingin North deposit.
Image is negotiating with landowners in the area to gain
access for the purpose of testing this ground. Further
work is planned directly east of the Gingin North deposit
where magnetic targets have been delineated.
Permission to access currently being sought. This has
the potential to extend the Boonanarring Mineral
Resource a further 4.5 km south.

A first phase small-scale drill programme is planned for
Q1

SECTION 3 ESTIMATION AND REPORTING OF MINERAL RESOURCES

SECTION 3 ESTIMATION AND REPORTING OF MINERAL RESOURCES SECTION 3 ESTIMATION AND REPORTING OF MINERAL RESOURCES SECTION 3 ESTIMATION AND REPORTING OF MINERAL RESOURCES
(Criteria listed in section 1, and where relevant in section 2, also apply to this section.)
Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
Database
integrity

Measures taken to ensure that data has
not been corrupted by, for example,
transcription or keying errors, between
its initial collection and its use for
Mineral Resource estimation purposes.

Data validation procedures used.

The drill hole database is managed by CSA and has
been compiled from Image’s internal databases and
from databases provided by Iluka. Maintenance of
the database includes internal data validation
protocols by CSA and Image.

Harlequin Consulting Pty Ltd completed a high level
review of the database in 2015 and found the
method of construction of the database and
validation procedures are acceptable and that the
data is acceptable for Mineral Resource estimation.

For the Mineral Resource estimate the drill hole data
was extracted directly from the CSA drill hole
database.

Data was further verified and validated by Optiro
using mining software (Datamine) validation
protocols, and visually in plan and section views.
Site visits
Comment on any site visits undertaken
by the Competent Person and the
outcome of those visits.

If no site visits have been undertaken

Mrs Christine Standing (CP for the Mineral Resource
estimate) visited the Boonanarring deposit during
December 2016.

The sites of the geotechnical drill holes and exclusion

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Page 15 of 26

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
indicate why this is the case. zones for reporting of the Mineral Resources were
inspected.
Geological
interpretation

Confidence in (or conversely, the
uncertainty of ) the geological
interpretation of the mineral deposit.

Nature of the data used and of any
assumptions made.

The effect, if any, of alternative
interpretations on Mineral Resource
estimation.

The use of geology in guiding and
controlling Mineral Resource estimation.

The factors affecting continuity both of
grade and geology.

Two stratigraphic (Yoganup and Leederville
Formations) units within the deposit area were
defined using a combination of slimes and oversize
data and drill hole lithological logs.

For the purposes of resource estimation, these units
were used in combination with grade criteria to
define four mineralised domains, as follows:
−main strandlines: within Yoganup Fm., grade
criteria >2% HM
−western strandline: within Yoganup Fm., grade
criteria >2% HM
−below main strandlines: within Leederville Fm.,
grade criteria >2% HM
−mineralisation overlying the main strandlines,
within Yoganup Fm., grade criteria >1.8%
HM.

There is good confidence in the geological
interpretation of the main strandlines. Confidence in
the other three domains is lower, as reflected by the
classification.
Dimensions
The extent and variability of the Mineral
Resource expressed as length (along
strike or otherwise), plan width, and
depth below surface to the upper and
lower limits of the Mineral Resource.

The main strandline mineralisation has been shown
from drilling to extend for approximately 13.2 km
north/south and have a combined across strike width
of up to 500 m. The strandline mineralisation extends
from 14 m to 58 m depth. The mineralisation below
the main strandline extends from a depth of 20 m to
61 m and the overlying, lower grade mineralisation
extends from surface to a depth of 39 m.

The western strandline has been shown from drilling
to extend for approximately 4 km north/south and
has an across strike width of up to 200 m. The
mineralisation extends from 11 m to 35 m depth.
Estimation and
modelling
techniques

The nature and appropriateness of the
estimation technique(s) applied and key
assumptions, including treatment of
extreme grade values, domaining,
interpolation parameters and maximum
distance of extrapolation from data
points. If a computer assisted
estimation method was chosen include
a description of computer software and
parameters used.

The availability of check estimates,

Datamine resource estimation software was used to
create a geological model and define the
mineralisation envelopes. A series of mineralised
domains was used to constrain the Mineral Resource
estimate.

Wireframe interpretations of mineralisation were
made by Optiro based on geological logging and HM
content, using thresholds of ~1.8% HM to define the
overlying mineralisation and 2% HM to define the

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Page 16 of 26

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
previous estimates and/or mine
production records and whether the
Mineral Resource estimate takes
appropriate account of such data.

The assumptions made regarding
recovery of by-products.

Estimation of deleterious elements or
other non-grade variables of economic
significance (e.g. sulphur for acid mine
drainage characterisation).

In the case of block model interpolation,
the block size in relation to the average
sample spacing and the search
employed.

Any assumptions behind modelling of
selective mining units.

Any assumptions about correlation
between variables.

Description of how the geological
interpretation was used to control the
resource estimates.

Discussion of basis for using or not
using grade cutting or capping.

The process of validation, the checking
process used, the comparison of model
data to drill hole data, and use of
reconciliation data if available.
strandline mineralisation.

Optiro assessed the robustness of these domains by
critically examining the geological interpretation and
by using a variety of measures, including statistical
and geostatistical analysis. The domains are
considered geologically robust in the context of the
resource classification applied to the estimate.

Drill hole sample data was flagged from the three
dimensional interpretation of the mineralised
horizons.

Samples are from intervals of 0.5 m, 0.7 m, 1 m
and1.5 m and 2 m. As the majority of samples
(98%) are from intervals of 1 m the data was
composited to 1 m downhole intervals for resource
estimation.

Extrapolation of up to 50 m along strike and
approximately half the drill spacing across strike was
used for the interpretation.

HM, slimes and oversize quantities were estimated
using ordinary kriging (OK) into blocks of 10 mE by
50 mN by 1 mRL.

Zircon, leucoxene, rutile and ilmenite (VHM
components) percentages within the HM fraction
were estimated using inverse distance (ID) into the
parent blocks.

Block dimensions were selected from kriging
neighbourhood analysis and reflect the variability of
the deposit and the model’s practicality for future
mine planning. Sub-cells to a minimum dimension of
2.5 mE by 12.5 mN by 0.5 mRL were used to
represent volume.

Drill holes are generally spaced at 20 m on-section
on lines that are 100 m and 200 m apart with areas
drilled at a spacing of up to 80 m by 400 m.

Data analysis and estimation was undertaken using
Snowden Supervisor and Datamine software.

All variables were estimated separately and
independently.

Hard boundaries were applied to the estimation of
HM, slimes and oversize and the VHM components
within the mineralisation domains.

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Page 17 of 26

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary

Grade capping was applied to HM%, slimes% and
oversize%. The top cut levels were determined
using a combination of top cut analysis tools,
including grade histograms, log probability plots and
the coefficient of variation.

Variogram analysis was undertaken to determine the
kriging estimation parameters used for OK
estimation of HM, slimes and oversize and the
search dimensions used for ID estimation of the
VHM components.

HM mineralisation continuity was interpreted from
variogram analyses to have an along strike range of
1,140 m and an across strike range of 40 m within
the main strandlines. Within the other mineralised
domains along strike continuity has ranges of 485 m
to 600 m and across strike ranges of 50 m to 90 m.

The VHM continuity was interpreted from variogram
analyses to have an along strike range of 1,400 m
and an across strike range of 110 m within the main
strandline. Ranges of 800 m by 130 m were
interpreted for the upper mineralisation and ranges
of 600 m by 75 m were interpreted for the
mineralisation below the main strandlines.

Kriging neighbourhood analysis was performed in
order to determine the block size, sample numbers
and discretisation levels.

Three estimation passes were used for HM; the first
search was based upon the variogram ranges; the
second search was the same as the initial search
with reduced sample numbers required for
estimation and the third search was up to four times
the initial search for the main and western standlines
and upper mineralisation. For the mineralisation
below the main strandline the third search was up to
8 times the initial search. The majority of blocks
(93%) were estimated in the first pass, 5% in the
second pass and 2% in the third pass.

The HM, slimes and oversize estimated block model
grades were visually validated against the input drill
hole data and comparisons were carried out against
the declustered drill hole data and by northing,
easting and elevation slices.

The VHM estimated block model grades were visually
validated against the input drill hole data and
comparisons were carried out against the drill hole
data and by northing and easting slices.
Moisture
Whether the tonnages are estimated on
a dry basis or with natural moisture, and
the method of determination of the

Tonnages are estimated on a dry basis.

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Page 18 of 26

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
moisture content.
Cut-off
parameters

The basis of the adopted cut-off
grade(s) or quality parameters applied.

The Mineral Resource estimate for the Boonanarring
deposit has been reported at a 2.0% HM cut-off. This
cut-off grade was selected by Image based on
technical and economic assessment carried out
during Feasibility Studies.
Mining factors
or
assumptions

Assumptions made regarding possible
mining methods, minimum mining
dimensions and internal (or, if
applicable, external) mining dilution. It is
always necessary as part of the process
of determining reasonable prospects for
eventual economic extraction to
consider potential mining methods, but
the assumptions made regarding mining
methods and parameters when
estimating Mineral Resources may not
always be rigorous. Where this is the
case, this should be reported with an
explanation of the basis of the mining
assumptions made.

Open pit mining methods will be used, similar to
those commonly and currently in use in HM mining
operations both in Australia and globally.

Image has assumed mining by conventional truck
and shovels, with dozers used to improve vertical
selectivity.
Metallurgical
factors or
assumptions

The basis for assumptions or
predictions regarding metallurgical
amenability. It is always necessary as
part of the process of determining
reasonable prospects for eventual
economic extraction to consider
potential metallurgical methods, but the
assumptions regarding metallurgical
treatment processes and parameters
made when reporting Mineral
Resources may not always be rigorous.
Where this is the case, this should be
reported with an explanation of the
basis of the metallurgical assumptions
made.

Mineral assemblage data within the Mineral
Resource estimate has been sourced from three
different assemblage programs:

data from Iluka (magnetic separation
followed by density separation using
solutions of 3.85 g/cm3and 4.05 g/cm3)

XRF data (after microscope examination to
exclude non-representative samples e.g.
laterite)

QEMSCAN data.

Results from QEMSCAN analysis of 20 composite
samples, originally analysed using XRF, were used
to calibrate the results from XRF with the QEMSCAN
results.

The QEMSCAN rules for the titanium mineral
determination are as follows:

Ilmenite: 50-70% TiO2

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Page 19 of 26

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary

Leucoxene: 70-95% TiO2

Rutile: >95% TiO2

Process metallurgical studies of bulk samples from
Boonanarring were undertaken in 2013, 2015 and
2016 for the purpose of developing a process
flowsheet for the deposit. The results from this work
are sufficient for Image to expect that the
Boonanarring mineralisation will be amenable to
treatment with conventional mineral sands
processing techniques.

Image considers there are no metallurgical factors
which are likely to affect the assumption that the
deposit has reasonable prospects for eventual
economic extraction.
Environmental
factors or
assumptions

Assumptions made regarding possible
waste and process residue disposal
options. It is always necessary as part
of the process of determining
reasonable prospects for eventual
economic extraction to consider the
potential environmental impacts of the
mining and processing operation. While
at this stage the determination of
potential environmental impacts,
particularly for a greenfields project,
may not always be well advanced, the
status of early consideration of these
potential environmental impacts should
be reported. Where these aspects have
not been considered this should be
reported with an explanation of the
environmental assumptions made.

Environmental exclusion zones, within 50 m of the
Bartlett’s Well and Boonanarring Nature Reserves,
have been defined and these areas are excluded
from the reported Mineral Resource.
Bulk density
Whether assumed or determined. If
assumed, the basis for the
assumptions. If determined, the method
used, whether wet or dry, the frequency
of the measurements, the nature, size
and representativeness of the samples.

The bulk density for bulk material must
have been measured by methods that
adequately account for void spaces
(vugs, porosity, etc), moisture and
differences between rock and alteration
zones within the deposit.

Discuss assumptions for bulk density
estimates used in the evaluation
process of the different materials.

19 bulk density measurements were made during the
2016 geotechnical drilling program.

Previous resource estimates (2013) used bulk
density values predicted from an industry-standard
formula which accounts for the HM and slimes
content of heavy mineral sand deposits.

The formula was found to overstate the bulk density.
The formula was calibrated with the 2016 data for
estimation of the bulk density for the 2017 Mineral
Resource estimate.
Classification
The basis for the classification of the
Mineral Resources into varying
confidence categories.

The estimate has been classified according to the
guidelines of the JORC Code (2012), into Measured,
Indicated and Inferred Resources takinginto account

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Page 20 of 26

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary

Whether appropriate account has been
taken of all relevant factors (i.e. relative
confidence in tonnage/grade
estimations, reliability of input data,
confidence in continuity of geology and
metal values, quality, quantity and
distribution of the data).

Whether the result appropriately reflects
the Competent Person’s view of the
deposit.
data quality, data density, geological continuity,
grade continuity and confidence in estimation of
heavy mineral content and mineral assemblage. In
plan, polygons were used to define zones of different
classification within each of the mineralised domains.
−Measured Resources are generally defined
where drilling is at 20 m to 40 m on 100 m
spaced section lines.
−Indicated Resources are generally defined
where drilling is at 20 m to 40 m by 200 m.
−Inferred Resources are defined where the drill
spacing is up to 80 m by 400 m.

In addition, Inferred Resources are defined for
blocks with HM grades estimated by the third
search.
Audits or
reviews

The results of any audits or reviews of
Mineral Resource estimates.

The Mineral Resource has been reviewed internally
as part of normal validation processes by Optiro.

No external audit or review of the current Mineral
Resource has been conducted.
Discussion of
relative
accuracy/
confidence

Where appropriate a statement of the
relative accuracy and confidence level
in the Mineral Resource estimate using
an approach or procedure deemed
appropriate by the Competent Person.
For example, the application of
statistical or geostatistical procedures to
quantify the relative accuracy of the
resource within stated confidence limits,
or, if such an approach is not deemed
appropriate, a qualitative discussion of
the factors that could affect the relative
accuracy and confidence of the
estimate.

The statement should specify whether it
relates to global or local estimates, and,
if local, state the relevant tonnages,
which should be relevant to technical
and economic evaluation.
Documentation should include
assumptions made and the procedures
used.

These statements of relative accuracy
and confidence of the estimate should
be compared with production data,
where available.

The assigned classification of Measured, Indicated
and Inferred reflects the Competent Persons’
assessment of the accuracy and confidence levels in
the Mineral Resource estimate.

The confidence levels reflect production volumes on
a monthly basis.

No production has occurred from the deposit.

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Page 21 of 26

SECTION 4 ESTIMATION AND REPORTING OF ORE RESERVES

SECTION 4 ESTIMATION AND REPORTING OF ORE RESERVES SECTION 4 ESTIMATION AND REPORTING OF ORE RESERVES SECTION 4 ESTIMATION AND REPORTING OF ORE RESERVES
(Criteria listed in section 1, and where relevant in sections 2 and 3, also apply to this section.)
Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
Mineral
Resource
estimate for
conversion to
Ore Reserves

Description of the Mineral Resource
estimate used as a basis for the
conversion to an Ore Reserve.

Clear statement as to whether the
Mineral Resources are reported
additional to, or inclusive of, the Ore
Reserves.

The Mineral Resource estimate used is classified as
JORC 2012 Mineral Resource statement as per
Image Resources Ltd, the Boonanarring Project
Mineral Resource estimate was completed by
Christine Standing of Optiro Pty Ltd.

The Mineral Resources are reported inclusive of the
Ore Reserves.
Site visits
Comment on any site visits
undertaken by the Competent Person
and the outcome of those visits.

If no site visits have been undertaken
indicate why this is the case.

Site visit undertaken in December 2016 by Andrew
Law of Optiro Pty Ltd (the Competent Person for
Estimation and Reporting of Ore Reserves) with the
purpose of the visit being to assess requirements for
evaluating the updated reserve.
Study status
The type and level of study
undertaken to enable Mineral
Resources to be converted to Ore
Reserves.

The Code requires that a study to at
least Pre-Feasibility Study level has
been undertaken to convert Mineral
Resources to Ore Reserves. Such
studies will have been carried out and
will have determined a mine plan that
is technically achievable and
economically viable, and that material
Modifying Factors have been
considered.

Image Resources completed a Pre-feasibility study in
2013

Image Resources have commenced a feasibility
study to be completed in April 2017.
Cut-off
parameters

The basis of the cut-off grade(s) or
quality parameters applied.

The cut-off grade in the case of Boonanaring has
been calculated using spreadsheets and an individual
cut-off grade applied to each block within the model.
The calculations consider, among other
considerations, individual mineral and product values,
operating costs and other practical considerations
(including ore and overburden variabilities) and HM
and product recoveries.
Mining factors
or assumptions

The method and assumptions used
as reported in the Pre-Feasibility or
Feasibility Study to convert the
Mineral Resource to an Ore Reserve
(i.e. either by application of
appropriate factors by optimisation or
by preliminary or detailed design).

The choice, nature and
appropriateness of the selected
mining method(s) and other mining
parameters including associated
design issues such as pre-strip,
access, etc.

The assumptions made regarding
geotechnical parameters (e.g. pit
slopes, stope sizes, etc), grade

The truck and shovel method has been chosen for
the mining of the Boonanarring project. The truck and
shovel method is used in similar operations in
Australia. Appropriate factors have been applied to
the Mineral Resource by optimization and design to
derive the Ore Reserves.

The choice of the truck and shovel method was
deemed appropriate due to the ore thickness, access,
and nature of the geology. Similar mining methods
were also used in the geographical area, such as
Iluka’s Gingin deposit

Due to the depth of the Boonanarring deposit a
geotechnical study was conducted by SRK
Consulting. A total of 11 holes were drilled to depths
of 60m. Eastern walls will be approximately32deg

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Page 22 of 26

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
control and pre-production drilling.

The major assumptions made and
Mineral Resource model used for pit
and stope optimisation (if
appropriate).

The mining dilution factors used.

The mining recovery factors used.

Any minimum mining widths used.

The manner in which Inferred Mineral
Resources are utilised in mining
studies and the sensitivity of the
outcome to their inclusion.

The infrastructure requirements of the
selected mining methods.
and western walls 38deg

Mining dilution (2%) and recovery factors (100%) are
assumptions made for similar mining operations and
mining techniques. Reconciliations from previous
operations to date have supported these
assumptions.

Grade control will be conducted by a geologist in pit
using panning to establish ore contacts, in
conjunction with Survey who also be used to stake
our ore surfaces.

Inferred resources were not used in the Ore Reserve
output. However will be used in an operations
schedule for internal production purposes.

Infrastructure required will be office blocks, mining
contractor workshop and associated facilities.
Metallurgical
factors or
assumptions

The metallurgical process proposed
and the appropriateness of that
process to the style of mineralisation.

Whether the metallurgical process is
well-tested technology or novel in
nature.

The nature, amount and
representativeness of metallurgical
test work undertaken, the nature of
the metallurgical domaining applied
and the corresponding metallurgical
recovery factors applied.

Any assumptions or allowances made
for deleterious elements.

The existence of any bulk sample or
pilot scale test work and the degree to
which such samples are considered
representative of the orebody as a
whole.

For minerals that are defined by a
specification, has the ore reserve
estimation been based on the
appropriate mineralogy to meet the
specifications?

The ore is processed through a wet concentration
plant (WCP) to produce a Heavy Mineral Concentrate
(HMC) which is further processed at an offsite
Mineral Separation Plant (MSP) to generate final
products. The WCP and MSP use traditional mineral
sands separation techniques. The metallurgical
process and appropriateness of the process is
outlined in a process map by Image and is detailed in
the Ore Reserve document. The process has been
widely utilised in similar operations.

The Metallurgical process is well tested and
commonly used in similar operations worldwide.

Deleterious materials include oversize material and
clay fines which will be managed as part of Image’s
rehabilitation management plan and mildly
radioactive material, which will be returned into the pit
as backfill and capped.

The Ore Reserve estimation has been based on the
recoveries and processes outlined above which are
well tested, and established as being appropriate for
similar metallurgical specifications.

Yes, mine planning filters and metallurgical recovery
through to final the products.
Environmental
The status of studies of potential
environmental impacts of the mining
and processing operation. Details of
waste rock characterisation and the
consideration of potential sites, status
of design options considered and,
where applicable, the status of
approvals for process residue storage

Mining and general purpose lease, Part IV
Environmental protection act – PER, EPBC Act, Land
owner agreements and groundwater abstraction
licence have all been granted.

Secondary approvals such as Project management
plan, Works approval and mining proposal are 90%

Image Resources NL ABN 57 063 977 579 Ground Floor, 23 Ventnor Ave West Perth WA 6005 | PO Box 469 West Perth WA 6872 T: 08 9485 2410 | F: 08 9486 8312 www.imageres.com.au

Page 23 of 26

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
and waste dumps should be reported. complete to date.
Infrastructure
The existence of appropriate
infrastructure: availability of land for
plant development, power, water,
transportation (particularly for bulk
commodities), labour,
accommodation; or the ease with
which the infrastructure can be
provided, or accessed.

Image has exercised an option to purchase 550 Ha of
land situated over a key area of the deposit

Image owns a WCP, Slurry mining unit (SMU), pipes,
pumps and power infrastructure for mining at
Boonanarring

Labour is likely to be acquired from the local area and
surrounds.
Costs
The derivation of, or assumptions
made, regarding projected capital
costs in the study.

The methodology used to estimate
operating costs.

Allowances made for the content of
deleterious elements.

The source of exchange rates used in
the study.

Derivation of transportation charges.

The basis for forecasting or source of
treatment and refining charges,
penalties for failure to meet
specification, etc.

The allowances made for royalties’
payable, both Government and
private.

Projected capital costs relate to sustaining capital
only and are considered appropriate.

Operating history (Murray Zircon’s Mindarie project)
and Pre-Feasibility Study in combination with offtake
agreements in place for sale of various commodities
produced at Boonanaring, at varied proportions of
product volume provide adequate coverage for the
estimation of operating costs. For the purpose of the
Reserve financial calculations, the contract prices are
commercially sensitive.

Product specifications deals with deleterious
elements.

Long term exchange rates of A$0.73 were sourced
from Azure

Transportation charges reflect contract quotes with
service providers. The transportation charges are
included in the selling costs. The selling costs
include provision for bagging, handling, transport to
port, and port costs. All product prices have been
derived on an FOB basis and as such shipping prices
have not been included.

Third party processing costs reflect contracted rates

Allowances made for royalties include a 5.0%
revenue royalty. There will be no land owner
payments as Image intends to purchase all the land
Revenue factors
The derivation of, or assumptions
made regarding revenue factors
including head grade, metal or
commodity price(s) exchange rates,
transportation and treatment charges,
penalties, net smelter returns, etc.

The derivation of assumptions made
of metal or commodity price(s), for the
principal metals, minerals and co-
products.

Azure have provided a pricing range for each of the
products which Image have used.

Product revenue for the zircon concentrate product is
calculated using Azure long term prices adjusted for
zircon quality and other factors contained in the
offtake agreement for this product.

Product revenue for all other products is calculated
using Azure’s long term prices adjusted for content,
productqualityand other factors,as well as the

Image Resources NL ABN 57 063 977 579 Ground Floor, 23 Ventnor Ave West Perth WA 6005 | PO Box 469 West Perth WA 6872 T: 08 9485 2410 | F: 08 9486 8312 www.imageres.com.au

Page 24 of 26

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
company’s expectations.
Market
assessment

The demand, supply and stock
situation for the particular commodity,
consumption trends and factors likely
to affect supply and demand into the
future.

A customer and competitor analysis
along with the identification of likely
market windows for the product.

Price and volume forecasts and the
basis for these forecasts.

For industrial minerals the customer
specification, testing and acceptance
requirements prior to a supply
contract.

Market analysis is based on independent
reports and IMA marketing activities, with
demand for mineral sands typically following
global GDP.

IMA produces Zircon and TiO2 products which
are forecast to be in relative short supply in the
medium term.

At current production rates, final products of Zircon
expected to average – 40 ktpa (dry). Ilmenite –
100 ktpa (dry)

Offtake agreement for 90% of Zircon at market
price.

Other products still to be marketed
Economic
The inputs to the economic analysis
to produce the net present value
(NPV) in the study, the source and
confidence of these economic inputs
including estimated inflation, discount
rate, etc.

NPV ranges and sensitivity to
variations in the significant
assumptions and inputs.

To demonstrate the Ore Reserve is economic it has
been evaluated through a high level financial model.
This process has demonstrated the Ore Reserve
generates positive cash flows above the cut-off
grade.

Economic assumptions with respect to product
pricing and operating costs are described above.
Social
The status of agreements with key
stakeholders and matters leading to
social licence to operate.

Agreements are in place with all current relevant
stakeholders and negotiations are well advanced with
those identified as high probability of needing
agreements to be in place. IMA has a
comprehensive community engagement program.
Other
To the extent relevant, the impact of
the following on the project and/or on
the estimation and classification of the
Ore Reserves:

Any identified material naturally
occurring risks.

The status of material legal
agreements and marketing
arrangements.

The status of governmental
agreements and approvals critical to
the viability of the project, such as
mineral tenement status, and
government and statutory approvals.
There must be reasonable grounds to
expect that all necessary Government
approvals will be received within the
timeframes anticipated in the Pre-
Feasibility or Feasibility study.
Highlight and discuss the materiality
of any unresolved matter that is

No identifiable naturally occurring risks have been
identified to impact the Ore Reserves.

A 90% Zircon offtake agreement is in place

Secondary approvals such as Project management
plan, Works approval and mining proposal are 90%
complete to date.

Image Resources NL ABN 57 063 977 579 Ground Floor, 23 Ventnor Ave West Perth WA 6005 | PO Box 469 West Perth WA 6872 T: 08 9485 2410 | F: 08 9486 8312 www.imageres.com.au

Page 25 of 26

Criteria JORC Code explanation Commentary
dependent on a third party on which
extraction of the reserve is contingent.
Classification
The basis for the classification of the
Ore Reserves into varying confidence
categories.

Whether the result appropriately
reflects the Competent Person’s view
of the deposit.

The proportion of Probable Ore
Reserves that have been derived
from Measured Mineral Resources (if
any).

Mineral Resources converted to Ore Reserves as per
JORC 2012 guidelines, i.e. Measured to Proven,
Indicated to Probable. No downgrading in category
has occurred for this project. No Inferred category
material used or reported.

The result reflects the Competent Person’s view of
the deposit.

There is no portion of “probable” Ore reserves
derived from Measured Mineral Resources.
Audits or
reviews

The results of any audits or reviews of
Ore Reserve estimates.

The Ore Reserve has been calculated by Image with
Independent consultants Optiro Pty Ltd providing the
relevant direction and providing CP signing off on the
Ore Reserve.
Discussion of
relative
accuracy/
confidence

Where appropriate a statement of the
relative accuracy and confidence level
in the Ore Reserve estimate using an
approach or procedure deemed
appropriate by the Competent
Person. For example, the application
of statistical or geostatistical
procedures to quantify the relative
accuracy of the reserve within stated
confidence limits, or, if such an
approach is not deemed appropriate,
a qualitative discussion of the factors
which could affect the relative
accuracy and confidence of the
estimate.

The statement should specify whether
it relates to global or local estimates,
and, if local, state the relevant
tonnages, which should be relevant to
technical and economic evaluation.
Documentation should include
assumptions made and the
procedures used.

Accuracy and confidence discussions
should extend to specific discussions
of any applied Modifying Factors that
may have a material impact on Ore
Reserve viability, or for which there
are remaining areas of uncertainty at
the current study stage.

It is recognised that this may not be
possible or appropriate in all
circumstances. These statements of
relative accuracy and confidence of
the estimate should be compared with
production data, where available.

The level of accuracy for the Ore Reserve is
determined largely by the Mineral Resources model,
the metallurgical assumptions as well as long term
revenue and cost assumptions.

Boonanarring is a new operation and as such
insufficient production data exists to enable a full
statistical reconciliation at this stage.

Image Resources NL ABN 57 063 977 579 Ground Floor, 23 Ventnor Ave West Perth WA 6005 | PO Box 469 West Perth WA 6872 T: 08 9485 2410 | F: 08 9486 8312 www.imageres.com.au

Page 26 of 26