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FOCUS MINERALS LTD — Capital/Financing Update 2022
Feb 22, 2022
64932_rns_2022-02-22_54a0cb30-55d2-42a8-9d54-e5fbbe0513a5.pdf
Capital/Financing Update
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Market Announcement
23 February 2022
Brilliant South Mineral Resource grows 29%
Highlights:
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Total Indicated and Inferred Mineral Resource tonnes increase 70% for a 29% rise in gold ounces
-
Global Mineral Resource for Brilliant South – including open pit and underground – now comprises 12.94Mt at 1.66 g/t Au for 692Koz
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Brilliant North-style, moderately east north-east dipping mineralisation now recognised at Brilliant South
West Australian gold explorer Focus Minerals ( ASX: FML ) ( Focus or the Company ) announces the completion of a Mineral Resource update for the Brilliant South deposit, part of the Company’s Coolgardie Gold Project. The Mineral Resource estimate was completed by Cube Consulting ( Cube ).
Brilliant South (historically “Brilliant”) is a key deposit within the Coolgardie Gold Project ( Coolgardie ), which covers 175km[2] of highly prospective tenements on the outskirts of the Coolgardie township in the Goldfields region. Focus is pursuing a plan to resume gold mining operations at Coolgardie.
The Mineral Resource update incorporates drilling carried out in 2020 and 2021 and covers both the open pit and underground components of Brilliant South. The global Mineral Resource stands at 12.94Mt at 1.66 g/t Au for 692,000oz.
The updated Brilliant South open pit Mineral Resource is reported on a dry basis from surface to 230mRL (180m depth) at a 0.5 g/t cut-off and northing cut-off at 6,573,030mN:
| Classification | Tonnage (Mt) |
Au Grade (g/t) |
Au Contained Koz |
Au Ounces Increase % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicated | 8.99 | 1.39 | 400 | 29% |
| Inferred | 1.55 | 1.23 | 61 | 55% |
| Total openpit Mineral Resource | 10.54 | 1.36 | 462 | 32% |
The updated Brilliant South underground Mineral Resource is reported on a dry basis at depths below 230mRL (below 180m from surface), with a 1.5 g/t cut-off and northing cut-off at 6,573,030mN:
| Classification | Tonnage (Mt) |
Au Grade (g/t) |
Au Contained Koz |
Au Ounces Increase % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicated | 0.27 | 2.38 | 21 | 100% |
| Inferred | 2.12 | 3.07 | 209 | 11% |
| Total underground Mineral Resource | 2.39 | 2.99 | 230 | 22% |
Focus Minerals Limited ACN 005 470 799 | ABN 56 005 470 799 | ASX: FML Level 2, 159 Adelaide Terrace, East Perth WA 6004 | PO Box 3233, East Perth WA 6892 T +61 (0) 8 9215 7888 | F +61 (0) 8 9215 7889 | E [email protected] | W focusminerals.com.au
Page 1 of 25
Focus provides a comparison of total open pit and underground Indicated and Inferred Mineral Resources compared with the 2020 Brilliant South estimate (see ASX announcement dated 2 September 2020) and notes:
-
Open pit (OP) Mineral Resources reported to 230mRL (180m depth) at a cut-off of 0.5 g/t Au;
-
Underground (UG) Mineral Resources reported below 180m depth at a cut-off 1.5 g/t Au; and
-
Both models reported south of northing 6,573,030mN.
| Comparison | Tonnage (Mt) |
Au Grade (g/t) |
Au Contained Koz |
|---|---|---|---|
| September 2020 Indicated OP + UG1 | 4.68 | 2.06 | 309 |
| February2022 Indicated OP + UG | 9.26 | 1.41 | 421 |
| Difference Indicated OP + UG | +98% | -31% | +36% |
| September 2020 Inferred OP + UG | 2.92 | 2.42 | 227 |
| February2022 Inferred OP + UG | 3.67 | 2.29 | 270 |
| Difference Inferred OP + UG | +26% | -5% | +19% |
| September 2020 Total OP + UG Indicated and Inferred Mineral Resources |
7.6 | 2.2 | 537 |
| February 2022 Total OP + UG Indicated and Inferred Mineral Resources |
12.94 |
1.66 | 692 |
| Difference Total Indicated and Inferred OP + UG Mineral Resources |
+70% | -24% | +29% |
It is noted that the grade of this updated Brilliant South open pit Mineral Resource has decreased in line with modelling to a lower economic grade cut-off and thereby increasing reported lowergrade tonnes.
Commenting on the independently compiled Brilliant South Mineral Resource, Focus Minerals’ CEO, Mr Zhaoya Wang, said:
“The diligent rebuild of the Brilliant South deposit model has been rewarded by large-scale Mineral Resource growth. This is a tremendous result and increases confidence in this key open pit resource.
“Together with large-scale resource growth at CNX and a string of other resources at Coolgardie, we are on track to confirm a significant gold resource position that can underpin the proposed resumption of mining operations for the benefit of all shareholders.”
1 The Brilliant South Mineral Resource Update reported 2 September 2020 extended north of 6,573,030N into the area known as Brilliant North. Focus does not have a formal Mineral Resource for Brilliant North. All comparisons in this announcement relate to the Mineral Resources reported south of 6,573,030N. Also it is noted that no Mineral Resources north of 6,573,030N were used to inform the 2020 PFS Brilliant open pit design.
The 2 September 2020 Brilliant South Mineral Resource Update was reported using 0.7 g/t cut off for Open Pit Mineral Resources and 1.5 g/t cut off for Underground Mineral Resources. All comparisons between the February 2022 Mineral Resource and the 2 September 2020 Mineral Resource are completed using the same cut off grades comprising: 0.5 g/t cut off for Open Pit Mineral Resources and 1.5 g/t cut off for Underground Mineral Resources.
Market Announcement | Page 2 of 25
Brilliant South
Resource growth to enhance Coolgardie mine plan
Brilliant South is located 1km south-east of the Coolgardie township and on Mining Licences M15/646 and M15/1788, which are wholly owned by Focus. The open pit is less than 4km south-west of Focus’ Three Mile Hill ROM pad. The Three Mile Hill plant is on care and maintenance.
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Figure 1: Coolgardie Gold Project location map highlighting recent Mineral Resource updates and Mineral Resources currently under review.
Market Announcement | Page 3 of 25
The February 2022 Mineral Resource has grown significantly partly as a result of consistent interpretation following the detailed geological model and partly as a result of modelling to a lower economic cut off particularly in the open pit part of the Mineral Resource where the economic cut off has dropped from 0.7 g/t to 0.5 g/t.
The February 2022 Open Pit Mineral contains significant shoots of higher-grade material as represented by the Open Pit Total Indicated and Inferred Mineral Resource Tonnes vs Grade curve reported above 230 mRL (Figure 2).
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25 Mt
20 Mt
15 Mt
10 Mt
5 Mt
Cut Off Grade g/t
Grade g/t
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Figure 2: February 2022 Open Pit Mineral Resource grade tonnage curve for Indicated and Inferred resource categories reported above 230mRL. At 1.3 g/t cut-off total Indicated and Inferred Open Pit Mineral Resources comprise 4.38Mt at 2.08 g/t for 293,000oz. At 2.3 g/t cut-off total Indicated and Inferred Open Pit Mineral Resources comprise 1.24Mt at 3.03 g/t for 121,000oz.
Market Announcement | Page 4 of 25
Brilliant historic production and 2020 PFS refresh pit
The Brilliant South open pit Mineral Resource is a significant gold deposit in the Coolgardie region. The deposit was a major open pit gold producer, mined in stages from the 1970s to the early 2000s, with total production comprising approximately 88,000oz at an average grade of 2.45 g/t.
Brilliant South was considered an integral part of the 2020 Coolgardie PFS refresh (refer ASX announcement dated 22 September 2020).
For the 2020 Coolgardie PFS refresh, Mining One completed pit optimisations and Ore Reserve pit designs for Brilliant South incorporating the following economic parameters:
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Pit constrained to south of 6,573,010N
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A $2,200/oz gold price
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Selective mining unit (SMU) dimensions 5m x 3m x 2.5m
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Minimum mining width 20m
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Processing rate 1.4Mtpa
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Mining recovery 97%
-
Dilution 34%
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Processing recovery 90.5% (historical recovery and metallurgical test work recovery are discounted by 5% to provide a conservative and realistic estimate of process recovery using the Three Mile Hill mill)
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Processing variable mill cost at 1.4Mtpa of $29/t plus cartage $2.68/t
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Mining fixed costs of $1.55/t; incremental variable costs for ore starting at $3.81/t; and waste at $2.78/t
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Royalty 3% (includes allowance for administrative overheads)
The resulting PFS pit extended to 230mRL (a depth of 180m):
| PFS Resource | Production months |
SMU Cut Off g/t |
Recovered Gold (Koz) |
Diluted Grade (g/t) |
Total Cost (A $ Per Ounce) |
Pre Tax Value (A $M) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brilliant Open Pit | 60 | 0.5 | 171 | 1.58 | 1,715 | 73 |
Within the final Brilliant South open pit design SMUs exceeding a 0.5 g/t Au cut-off can be reported as a mining-diluted Ore Reserve comprising:
| Classification | Tonnage (Mt) | Au Grade(g/t) | Au Contained Oz |
|---|---|---|---|
| Proved Reserve | - | - | - |
| Probable Reserve | 3.72 | 1.58 | 188,000 |
| Total Reserve | 3.72 | 1.58 | 188,000 |
Market Announcement | Page 5 of 25
Brilliant South Geology and Structure Summary
Regionally, the Brilliant South deposit lies on the western margin of the Menzies-Norseman Greenstone Belt within the Coolgardie Domain of the Kalgoorlie Terrane, determined to be a subdivision of the Menzies-Norseman Greenstone Belt by Swager et al (1990). The Coolgardie Domain comprises a belt of complexly deformed mafics and ultramafics with minor black shale and volcaniclastics, overlain by felsic volcaniclastics and metasediments, intruded by a suite of felsic to mafic sills and dykes and tholeiitic dolerites and gabbros.
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Figure 3: Schematic section view towards the north north-west at Brilliant South (refer to ASX announcement dated 30 July 2019). Note that the historic open pit is primarily mining the mineralisation hosted by the steep main lode located on the contact of the Greenmount Sill and Brilliant ultramafic. A moderate east-dipping mineralised structural has been inferred though not modelled or significantly drill-tested for extension at this time.
Host rocks at Brilliant South are a sequence of Archaean basalts and ultramafics, which have been intruded by a suite of porphyry dykes (also described as granodiorites). The contacts of the porphyries and other intrusive unit contacts are the locus for the bulk of the gold mineralisation at Brilliant South.
The majority of mineralisation at Brilliant South consists of a stock work of quartz/sulphide microveining and albitic alteration of porphyry dykes and adjacent units. Additional mineralisation exploits moderate east north-east dipping fractures sets and extends between contact-hosted mineralisation. This low-angle style of mineralisation is best developed at Brilliant North and the north-east hangingwall structural set (Figure 4) modelled as part of this Mineral Resource update.
Market Announcement | Page 6 of 25
The following mineralised structural sets have been modelled at Brilliant South:
-
Central/northern main zone ( Red ) strikes of 600m - 1000m of sub-parallel steeply (70-80°) east north-east dipping contract hosted mineralisation. The central package has a width of 70m and individual lodes have widths ranging from 1m to 20m, averaging 4-5m;
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Southern main zone ( Yellow ) strikes 450m with sub-parallel lodes over 50m width with steep (70-80°) dips to the east south-east and general widths of 1m to 15m, averaging 3m;
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Central hangingwall east ( Green ) sub-parallel lodes with 340m strike over 50m width that are parallel to the central northern main zone lodes (dipping 70-80° east north-east) and widths of 1m to +5m averaging 3m;
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Central north-eastern hangingwall splay zone ( Orange ) with strikes of 230m spread over 60m width with moderately steep (65°) north-eastern dipping orientation with widths of 2 to 15m, averaging 4m; and
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North-eastern/northern hangingwall structural set ( Purple ), which is a flatter (15-25°) northeast dipping mineralised structural set with at least 340m strike (open for extension) with widths ranging from of 1m to 15m, averaging 4m.
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Gold Au g/t
A’
A
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Figure 4: Colour-coded Brilliant South mineralised structural sets projected to the mined topography. Crest of the 2020 PFS pit design is marked by a black polygon. Focus drilling since 2019 is shown by thin black traces with intersections exceeding 0.5 g/t coloured as per inset legend.
Market Announcement | Page 7 of 25
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A A’ Gold Au g/t
5.0
3.25
2.55
1.8
1.3
1.0
0.75
0.5
0.25
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Figure 5: A 20m width section view towards the west north-west through Brilliant South (section location shown Figure 4) showing a composite section of several mineralised structural sets. The February 2022 block model for Indicated and Inferred Mineral Resource categories is shown and coloured as per inset legend. Drilling assays cut at 0.5g/t Au are coloured to match the block model. Focus drilling completed since 2019 is marked with black drill traces. Simplified structural set interpretation strings are coloured to match Figure 4. The 2020 PFS open pit is shown by the black string.
Brilliant South structural sets cover more than 1km of mineralised strike. The structural sets comprise groups of sub-parallel mineralisation located on geological contacts. To inform this Mineral Resource update, special care was taken to initially complete a full geological interpretation of the Brilliant South system. This interpretation in turn guided the mineralisation to ensure geologically consistent modelling. The results of this work include removal of artifacts in the previous Mineral Resource estimate where modelled lodes jumped between geological/structural positions.
The resultant bulk mineralisation models were in some cases very large and hosted areas of welldrilled/sampled and consistently strong mineralisation (shoots) and less-drilled/sampled (background) areas, some of which had sporadic high-grade hits or lower-grade mineralisation.
It is noted that not all of the historic drill campaigns were implemented such that drilling was progressed through all known/inferred lodes. As such there are areas with holes stopping just short of modelled mineralisation lodes. Furthermore, it is noted that some historic holes were only sampled in parts rather than for the whole hole and this has impacted on what can be estimated.
In order to progress a meaningful Mineral Resource estimation, each modelled lode was reviewed in a long section (Figure 6) and economic/sampling criteria applied to determine the coherent shoots that could be modelled. All other “background” drilling information that falls outside these shoots has not at this time been subject to formal estimation. It is expected that this background mineralisation will be assessed for its viability as the Brilliant South deposit is advanced towards a mine production schedule.
Market Announcement | Page 8 of 25
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NNW SSE Gold Au g/t
5.0
3.25
2.55
1.8
1.3
1.0
0.75
0.5
0.25
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Figure 6: A 30m width, inclined long section view towards the east through Brilliant South Main Lode 32 (section location is marked on Figure 4). The February 2022 block model for Indicated and Inferred Mineral Resource categories is shown and coloured as per inset legend. Drilling is shown with assays cut at 0.5g/t Au and coloured to match the block model. Focus drilling completed since 2019 is marked with black drill traces. The 2020 PFS open pit is shown by the black string. Note strong plunge of mineralised shoots toward the north (red arrows).
Market Announcement | Page 9 of 25
Brilliant gold system exploration target
The Brilliant gold system has two halves (north and south) separated by the apparent dextral throw Redemption Fault Zone (FZ). South of the Redemption FZ, the Brilliant South area has been a focus for mining and exploration for many years.
Meanwhile, the Brilliant North area has remained relatively dormant with limited exploration and no serious exploitation of the gold system. The reasons for this include:
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Tenement ownership changes in the Brilliant North area;
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Proximity of Brilliant North mineralisation to the Coolgardie State Battery/tailings facility; and
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Proximity of Brilliant North mineralisation to major roads and pipelines.
As a result of insufficient exploration and complex land ownership issues, the Brilliant North area does not have a formal Mineral Resource estimate. In addition, the complex transition zone where the Redemption FZ intersects the Brilliant gold system has remained under-drilled because of perceived higher risk where Brilliant South transitions into the Brilliant North area.
The recognition and first resource modelling of Brilliant North-style moderate east north-east dipping mineralisation at Brilliant South is significant. This Brilliant South Mineral Resource update now includes strong mineralisation hosted by the north-east/northern hangingwall structural set at Brilliant South (Figures 4 and 5). This structural set was expected to be present at Brilliant South as referred to in previous ASX announcements concerning the Brilliant gold system including:
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Exploration Update – Coolgardie Gold Project
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Exploration Update – Coolgardie Gold Project 26 April 2021
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• Brilliant South Mineral Resource Update 2 September 2020 • Annual General Meeting Presentation 31 July 2020
Now that this style of mineralisation is confirmed at Brilliant South, exploration opportunities have increased on Focus’ 100%-owned tenure covering the transition zone between the northern and southern parts of the Brilliant gold system.
Based on the current understanding of the Brilliant gold system, Focus has determined the combined additional Brilliant Transition Zone Open Pit Exploration Target, using a 0.5 g/t cut-off, to comprise:
| Brilliant Transition Zone Exploration | Tonnage | Au Grade | Contained Au |
|---|---|---|---|
| Target | (Mt) | (g/t) | Koz |
| Brilliant Transition Zone | 0.8 – 1.9 | 1.3 – 1.6 | 40 - 80 |
The Brilliant Transition Zone Exploration Target will be assessed by exploration drilling and resource modelling over the next 12 months.
The potential quantity and grade of the Exploration Target are conceptual in nature and therefore an approximation. There has been insufficient exploration to estimate a Mineral Resource and it is uncertain if further exploration will result in the estimation of a Mineral Resource.
.
Market Announcement | Page 10 of 25
The release of this ASX announcement was authorised by Mr Zhaoya Wang, CEO of Focus Minerals Ltd.
For further information please contact:
For media and investor enquiries please contact:
Alex Aaltonen Peter Klinger General Manager Exploration Director, Investor Relations Focus Minerals Ltd. Cannings Purple Phone: +61 8 9215 7888 Phone: +61 411 251 540 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]
About Focus Minerals Limited (ASX: FML)
Focus Minerals is a Perth-based, ASX-listed gold exploration company focused on delivering shareholder value from its 100%-owned Coolgardie Gold Project and Laverton Gold Project, in Western Australia’s Goldfields.
Focus is committed to delivering shareholder value from the Coolgardie Gold Project, a 138km[2] tenement holding that includes the 1.4Mtpa processing plant at Three Mile Hill (on care and maintenance), by continuing exploration and value-enhancing activities. An updated PFS in September 2020 highlighted the potential for a low capital cost, fast-tracked return to mining at Coolgardie and delivered an NPV7.5% of $183 million. The Company’s efforts are now focused on increasing production-ready Mineral Resources at Coolgardie and delivering the approvals and permits required for a resumption of gold-mining operations.
The Laverton Gold Project covers 362km[2] area of highly prospective ground that includes the historic Lancefield and Chatterbox Trend mines. Focus’ priority target is to confirm sufficient gold mineralisation at the Beasley Shear Zone, Lancefield-Wedge Thrust, Karridale and Burtville to support a Stage 1 production restart at Laverton. In parallel, Focus is working to advance key Laverton resource growth targets including Sickle, Ida-H and Burtville South. Focus has delivered first results from a progressive Pre-Feasibility Study (Pre-Tax NPV5.0% A $132M) and is advancing study work utilising Laverton’s expanded Mineral Resource position.
Competent Person Statement
The information in this announcement that relates to Exploration Results is based on information compiled by Mr Alex Aaltonen, who is a Member of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (AusIMM). Mr Aaltonen is an employee of Focus Minerals Limited. Mr Aaltonen has sufficient experience that is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under consideration and to the activity which he is undertaking to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves.
Mr Aaltonen consents to the inclusion in the report of the matters based on the information in the form and context in which it appears.
The Mineral Resource estimates were undertaken by Mr Michael Job, who is a Fellow of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (FAusIMM). Mr Job is an independent consultant employed by Cube Consulting. Mr Job has sufficient experience that is relevant to the style of mineralization and type of deposit under consideration and to the activity which he is undertaking to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves.
Mr Job consents to the inclusion in the report of the matters based on the information in the form and context in which it appears.
The Brilliant Transition Zone Exploration Target in this announcement was compiled by Mr Alex Aaltonen, who is a Member of AusIMM and, employee of Focus Minerals. Mr Aaltonen has sufficient experience with the style of mineralisation/deposit under consideration to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves.
Market Announcement | Page 11 of 25
Mr Aaltonen consents to the release of the Brilliant Transition Zone Exploration Target in the form and context as it appears.
ASX Listing Rule 5.19.2
The Brilliant South Mineral Resource is included in 2020 Coolgardie PFS Refresh announced on 22 September 2020. Notwithstanding the increase in quantity of resources and contained ounces reported at Brilliant South in this announcement, the Company is yet to assess the impact it may have on the PFS. Therefore, the material assumptions underpinning the production target, or the forecast financial information derived from the PFS continue to apply and have not materially changed.
Market Announcement | Page 12 of 25
JORC Code, 2012 Edition – Table 1
Section 1 Sampling Techniques and Data
(Criteria in this section apply to all succeeding sections.)
| Criteria | Commentary |
|---|---|
| Sampling techniques |
• This report relates to results from Reverse Circulation (RC) drilling and diamond core drilling. The information of sampling techniques below applies to the drill holes drilled by Focus Minerals (FML) only. • RC percussion drill chips were collected through a cyclone and cone splitter. Samples were collected on a 1m basis. Diamond core was sampled across identified zones of mineralisation by site geologists, the sample widths varied between a minimum of 0.2m and a maximum of 1m. • RC chips were passed through a cone splitter to achieve a sample weight of approximately 3kg. The splitter was levelled at the beginning of each hole using a bullseye level. The spoils were collected at 1m intervals. • 4m composite samples were taken by spear sampling the spoils. Where results returned greater than 0.2g/t Au, the 1m samples were submitted. • At the assay laboratory all samples were oven dried, crushed to a nominal 10mm using a jaw crusher (core samples only) and weighed. Samples in excess of 3kg in weight were riffle split to achieve a maximum 3kg sample weight before being pulverized to 90% passing 75μm. • The diamond core was marked up for sampling by the supervising geologist during the core logging process, with sample intervals determined by the presence of mineralisation and/or alteration. The core was cut in half using an Almonte automatic core saw. • Electrum submitted 1m RC samples for analysis. • Goldfan collected 2kg samples as either 4m composites or as 1m samples through mineralised ground or interesting geology. Samples were run through a cyclone. Where the 4m composite samples returned greater than 0.2g/t Au, 1m samples were submitted. Diamond core was sampled according to lithological boundaries. Mineralised zones were half diamond sawn in intervals generally not exceeding 1m. • MPI collected drill cuttings at one metre intervals which were passed through a trailer mounted cyclone and stand-alone riffle splitter to provide a 4-6kg split sample and a bulk residue for logging. All samples were dry. Initially samples were spear- sampled to form up to 5m composites and submitted for analysis. Any results above 0.5g/t Au resulted in the 1m samples then being submitted. |
| Drilling techniques | • All FML drilling was completed using an RC face sampling hammer or NQ2/HQ3 size diamond core. Where achievable, all drill core was oriented by the drilling contractor using an Ezy-mark system. Most holes were surveyed upon completion of drilling initially using an electronic multi-shot (EMS) camera and since Sept 2013 a north-seeking gyroscope; holes were surveyed open-hole prior to 2017. Since late 2016, all holes were surveyed using various gyroscopes (non-north-seeking paired with an azimuth aligner and north-seeking) by the drill contractors whilst drilling. • Goldfan used RC face sampling hammer or NQ2 diamond core drilling methods. The core was not orientated. Holes were downhole surveyed by Eastman single shot camera and later by Eastman multiple shot camera. • MPI used RC drilling methods and downhole surveys by Eastman single shot camera. |
Page 13 of 25
| Drill sample recovery |
• FML Sample recovery was recorded by a visual estimate during the logging process. • All RC samples were drilled dry whenever possible to maximize recovery, with water injection on the outside return to minimise dust. • Goldfan states a consistent sample recovery in the range of 80-90% |
|---|---|
| Logging | • The information of logging techniques below applies to the drill holes drilled by FML only. All core samples were oriented, marked into metre intervals and compared to the depth measurements on the core blocks. Any loss of core was noted and recorded in the drilling database. • All RC samples were geologically logged to record weathering, regolith, rock type, colour, alteration, mineralisation, structure and texture and any other notable features that are present. • All diamond core was logged for structure, and geologically logged using the same system as that for RC. • The logging information was transferred into the company’s drilling database once the log was complete. • Logging was qualitative, however the geologists often recorded quantitative mineral percentage ranges for the sulphide minerals present. • Diamond core was photographed one core tray at a time using a standardised photography jig. • More recently samples from RC holes were archived in standard 20m plastic chip trays. • The entire length of all holes is logged. • Historic RC holes have been logged at 1m intervals to record weathering, regolith, rock type, colour, alteration, mineralisation, structure and texture and any other notable features that are present. • Goldfan logged diamond core to lithological boundaries, core was photographed. |
| Sub-sampling techniques and sample preparation |
• The information of sub-sampling and sample preparation below applies to the drill holes drilled by FML only. • Core samples were taken from half core, cut using an Almonte automatic core saw. The remainder of the core was retained in core trays tagged with a hole number and metre mark. • RC samples were cone split to a nominal 2.5kg to 3kg sample weight. The drilling method was designed to maximise sample recovery and delivery of a clean, representative sample into the calico bag. • Where possible all RC samples were drilled dry to maximise recovery. The use of a booster and auxiliary compressor provide dry sample for depths below the water table. Sample condition was recorded (wet, dry, or damp) at the time of sampling and recorded in the database. • The samples were collected in a pre-numbered calico bag bearing a unique sample ID. Samples were crushed to 75μm at the laboratory and riffle split (if required) to a maximum 3kg sample weight. Early FML composite samples were analysed for gold by a 40g aqua regia and then 40g Fire Assay for individual samples with an ICP-OES or AAS Finish. More recent Focus drilling used 40g Fire Assay with AAS finish for both composite and 1m samples. • The assay laboratories’ sample preparation procedures follow industry best practice, with techniques and practices that are appropriate for this style of mineralisation. Pulp duplicates were taken at the pulverising stage and selective repeats conducted at the laboratories’ discretion. • Earlier FML QAQC checks involved inserting a standard or blank every 10 samples in RC and taking a field duplicate every 20 samples in RC. Field duplicates were collected from the cone splitter on the rig. Diamond core field duplicates were not taken, a minimum of 1 standard was inserted for every sample batch submitted. In more recent drilling no blanks were submitted, only standards every 25 samples with a duplicate taken off the rig every 20th sample. |
Market Announcement | Page 14 of 25
| • Regular reviews of the sampling were carried out by the supervising geologist and senior field staff, to ensure all procedures were followed and best industry practice carried out. • The sample sizes are considered to be appropriate for the type, style and consistency of mineralisation encountered during this phase of exploration. • Electrum submitted samples to SGS and Sertec in Kalgoorlie. Samples submitted to SGS were dried, jaw crushed, hammer milled, split and pulverised in Chromium Steel Mill. Assaying was by a 20g Aqua Regia digest and analysed by AAS. Sertec laboratory was found to have deficient lab practices with poor repeatability and SGS the preferred Laboratory. • Goldfan originally submitted its samples to Australian Laboratories Group Kalgoorlie. The 2kg samples were oven dried, then crushed to a nominal 6mm and split once through a Jones riffle splitter. A 1kg sub-sample was fine pulverised in a Keegor Pulveriser to a nominal 100 microns. This sample was homogenised and 400-500g split as the assay pulp for analysis. Assaying was by a classical fire assay on a 50g charge to a lower detection limit of 0.01 ppm gold. • Diamond core and later RC drilled by Goldfan was submitted to Minlab Kalgoorlie where the whole of the sample is pulverised in a ring mill before 300g sample is split as the assay pulp. Assaying was by fire assay on a 50g charge to a lower detection limit of 0.01 ppm gold. • Goldfan conducted inter-laboratory check sampling over approx. 10% of holes over the whole program with results found to be within acceptable limits. • Laboratory repeat checks were also run on the assay data. • MPI submitted their samples to Analabs in Perth for analysis for gold by 50g fire assay for a 0.01g/t detection limit. • Laboratory repeat checks were also run, it appears minimum 3 analysis checks run for most of the drill holes. |
|
|---|---|
| Quality of assay data and laboratory tests |
• The assay method and laboratory procedures were appropriate for this style of mineralisation. The fire assay technique was designed to measure total gold in the sample. • No geophysical tools, spectrometers or handheld XRF instruments were used. • The QA/QC process described above was sufficient to establish acceptable levels of accuracy and precision. All results from assay standards and duplicates were scrutinised to ensure they fell within acceptable tolerances. |
| Verification of sampling and assaying |
• Significant intervals were visually inspected by company geologists to correlate assay results to logged mineralisation. Consultants were not used for this process. • Normally if old historic drilling was present, twinned holes are occasionally drilled to test the veracity of historic assay data; however, no twinned holes were drilled during this program. • Primary data is sent in digital format to the company’s Database Administrator (DBA) as often as was practicable. The DBA imports the data into an acQuire database, with assay results merged into the database upon receipt from the laboratory. Once loaded, data was extracted for verification by the geologist in charge of the project. • No adjustments were made to any current or historic data. If data could not be validated to a reasonable level of certainty it was not used in any resource estimations. |
| Location of data points |
• FML drill collars were surveyed after completion, using a DGPS instrument. All drill core was oriented by the drilling contractor using an Ezy-mark system. Most holes were surveyed upon completion of drilling. Initially an electronic multi-shot camera was used until Sept 2013 when a north-seeking gyroscope tool was used. Holes were surveyed open hole prior to 2016. Since late 2016, most drill holes were surveyed using various gyroscope systems (non-north-seeking gyroscopes paired with azimuth aligners and north-seeking gyroscopes) by the drillers whilst drilling, otherwise surveyed open hole using a north-seeking gyroscope. Since the start of |
Market Announcement | Page 15 of 25
| 2017, gyroscopes were used for “single shot” surveys whilst drilling, otherwise a single shot Eastman camera downhole survey was used. • All coordinates and bearings use the MGA94 Zone 51 grid system. • FML utilises Landgate sourced regional topographic maps and contours as well as internally produced survey pick-ups produced by the mining survey teams utilising DGPS base station instruments. • Electrum have not stated surveying methods. • Goldfan holes were laid out and picked up by the Three Mile Hill Survey Department. Down hole surveying was conducted by Down Hole Surveys using Eastman multiple shot cameras. • MPI collar survey methods are unknown, down hole surveys were by Eastman single shot camera. |
|
|---|---|
| Data spacing and distribution |
• Drill spacing along the Brilliant trend is approximately 20m x 20m through the main lode horizon, increasing to 20m x 40m and 40m x 40m to the north of 6573000mN. |
| Orientation of data in relation to geological structure |
• Drilling was designed based on known geological models, field mapping, verified historical data and cross-sectional interpretation. • Drill holes were oriented at right angles to strike of deposit, with dip optimised for drill capabilities and the dip of the mineralisation. |
| Sample security | • All samples were reconciled against the sample submission with any omissions or variations reported to FML. • All samples were bagged in a tied numbered calico bag, grouped into green plastic bags. The bags were placed into cages with a sample submission sheet and delivered directly from site to the Kalgoorlie laboratories by FML personnel on a daily basis. • Historic sample security is not recorded. |
| Audits or reviews | • A review of sampling techniques was carried out by rOREdata Pty Ltd in late 2013 as part of a database amalgamation project. Their only recommendation was to change the QA/QC intervals to bring them into line with the FML Laverton system, which uses the same frequency of standards and duplicates but has them inserted at different points within the numbering sequence. |
Market Announcement | Page 16 of 25
Section 2 Reporting of Exploration Results
(Criteria listed in the preceding section also apply to this section.)
| Criteria | Commentary | Commentary | Commentary | Commentary | Commentary | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mineral tenement and land tenure status |
• All exploration was conducted on tenements 100% owned by Focus Minerals Limited or its subsidiary companies Focus Operations Pty Ltd. All tenements are in good standing. • The Malinyu Ghoorlie 2017 and Maduwongga 2017 Claims cover the majority of the Coolgardie tenure. At this stage no Coolgardie claims have progressed to determined status. |
|||||
| Exploration done by other parties |
• Brilliant has been explored and mined by various parties over time. The first phase of mining is believed to have taken place in the early twentieth century and would have consisted of prospecting shafts and limited underground mining. Mines Department records document treatment of 60 tons of ore producing 6.97oz of gold up to 1935. No other production is recorded. • Open pit mining of the prospect commenced in the 1970’s with a number of parties processing ore through the Coolgardie State Battery. In 1980 a treatment plant was constructed at Brilliant by Tryaction Pty Ltd, who produced from an open pit. In the mid 1980’s Electrum NL bought into the project, forming a joint venture with MC Mining. They expanded the treatment plant and continued open pit mining in the Brilliant area. Recorded production by Electrum/MC Mining is 87,986 tonnes at 3.2 g/t Au for 9,000 ounces with a stripping ratio of 12.7:1 (Kirkpatrick, 1995). • The project was subsequently purchased by Goldfan Limited (a wholly owned subsidiary of Herald Resources Ltd) in 1991 and incorporated into the Tindals Project. They initiated drilling programs which increased the known extent of mineralisation and completed further open cut mining to its present limits in the early 2000’s. Table 2 in the FML Combined Annual Report of 2008 states an estimated total production from Brilliant Pit of in excess of 1.1Mt @ 2.45g/t for 88,000 ounces. |
|||||
| Geology | • Regionally Brilliant lies on the western margin of the Archaean Norseman – Menzies Greenstone Belt within the Coolgardie Domain of the Kalgoorlie Terrane. • Host rocks at Brilliant are a sequence of Archaean basalts and ultramafics, which have been intruded by a suite of porphyry dykes (also described as granodiorites). The contacts of the porphyries and other intrusives host the bulk of the gold mineralisation at Brilliant South. • The majority of mineralisation at Brilliant consists of a stock work of quartz/sulphide micro-veining and albitic alteration of porphyry dykes and adjacent units. Additional mineralisation exploits moderate ENE dipping fractures set and extends between contact hosted mineralisation. |
|||||
| Drill hole Information |
• Historic reports. |
drilling information has been validated against publicly available WAMEX |
||||
| Company | Drill Hole Number | WAMEX Report A- Number |
WAMEX Report Date |
|||
| Electrum | BNTRC01, BNTRC02, BNTRC03, BNTRC04, BNTRC05, BNTRC06, BNTRC07, BNTRC08, BNTRC09, BNTRC10, BNTRC11, BNTRC12, BNTRC13, BNTRC14, BNTRC15, BNTRC16, BNTRC17, BNTRC18, BNTRC19, BNTRC20, BNTRC21, BNTRC22, BNTRC23, BOH1, BOH2, BOH3, BOH4,BOH5,BOH6 |
16166 | Jul-85 | |||
| Goldfan | TNG0391R, TNG0392R, TNG0393R, TNG0394R, TNG0395R, TNG0396R, TNG0397R, TNG0398R, TNG0399R, TNG0400R, TNG0401R, TNG0402R, TNG0403R, TNG0404R, TNG0405R, TNG0406R, TNG0407R, TNG0408R, TNG0409R, TNG0410R, |
44166 | Mar-95 |
Market Announcement | Page 17 of 25
| TNG0411R, TNG0412R, TNG0413R, TNG0414R, TNG0472R, TNG0473R, TNG0474R, TNG0475R, TNG0476R, TNG0477R, TNG0478R, TNG0479R, TNG0480R, TNG0481R, TNG0482R, TNG0483R, TNG0484R, TNG0485R, TNG0486R, TNG0487R, TNG0488R, TNG0489R, TNG0490R, TNG0491R, TNG0492R, TNG0493R, TNG0494R, TNG0495R, TNG0496R, TNG0497R, TNG0498R, TNG0499R, TNG0500R, TNG0501R, TNG0502R, TNG0503R, TNG0504R, TNG0505R, TNG0506R, TNG0507R, TNG0508R, TNG0509R, TNG0510R, TNG0511R, TNG0514R, TNG0515R, TNG0516R, TNG0523R, TNG0524R, TNG0527R, TNG0528R, TNG0529R, TNG0530R, TNG0531R, TNG0532R, TNG0533R, TNG0534R, TNG0535R, TNG0536R, TNG0537R, TNG0538R, TNG0539R, TNG0540R, TNG0541R, TNG0542R, TNG0543R, TNG0544R, TNG0545R, TNG0546R, TNG0547R, TNG0548R, TNG0549R, TNG0550R, TNG0551R, TNG0552R, TNG0553R, TNG0554R, TNG0555R, TNG0556R, TNG0557R, TNG0558R, TNG0559R, TNG0560R, TNG0561R, TNG0562R, TNG0563R, TNG0564R, TNG0565R, TNG0566R, TNG0567R, TNG0568R, TNG0569R, TNG0570R, TNG0571R, TNG0572R, TNG0573R, TNG0574R, TNG0575R, TNG0576RD, TNG0577R, TNG0578R, TNG0579R, TNG0580R, TNG0581R, TNG0582R, TNG0583R, TNG0584R, TNG0585RD, TNG0586R, TNG0587R, TNG0588R, TNG0589RD, TNG0590R, TNG0591R, TNG0592R, TNG0593R, TNG0594R, TNG0595R, TNG0596R, TNG0597R, TNG0598R, TNG0599R, TNG0600R, TNG0601R, TNG0602R, TNG0603R, TNG0604R, TNG0605R, TNG0606R, TNG0607R, TNG0608R, TNG0609R, TNG0610R, TNG0611R, TNG0612R, TNG0613R, TNG0617R, TNG0618R, TNG0619R, TNG0620R, TNG0621R, TNG0622R, TNG0623RD, TNG0624R, TNG0625RD, TNG0626RD, TNG0627R, TNG0628R, TNG0629R, TNG0630R, TNG0631A, TNG0631RD, TNG0632R, TNG0633R, TNG0634R, TNG0635RD, TNG0636R, TNG0637R, TNG0638R, TNG0639R, TNG0640R, TNG0641R, TNG0642R, TNG0643R, TNG0644R, TNG0645R, TNG0646R, TNG0647R, TNG0648R, TNG0649R, TNG0796R, TNG0797R, TNG0798R, TNG0799R, TNG0800R, TNG0801R, TNG0802R, TNG0803R, TNG0804R, TNG0805R, TNG0806R, TNG0807R, TNG0808R, TNG0809R, TNG0810R, TNG0811R, TNG0812R, TNG0813R, TNG0814R, TNG0815R, TNG0816R, TNG0817R, TNG0818R, TNG0819R, TNG0820R, TNG0821R, TNG0822R, TNG0823R, TNG0824R, TNG0825R, TNG0826R, TNG0827R, TNG0828R, TNG0829R, TNG0830R, TNG0831R, TNG0832R, TNG0833R, TNG0834R, TNG0835R, TNG0836R, TNG0837R, TNG0838R, TNG0839R, TNG0840R, TNG0841R, TNG0842R, TNG0843R, TNG0844R, TNG0845R, TNG0846R, TNG0847R, TNG0848R, TNG0849R, TNG0850R, TNG0851R, TNG0852R, TNG0853R, TNG0854R, TNG0855R, TNG0856R, TNG0858R, TNG0859R |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TNG0857R, TNG0860R, TNG0861R, TNG0862R, TNG0863R, TNG0864R, TNG0865R, TNG0866RD, TNG0867R, TNG0868R, TNG0869R, TNG0870R, TNG0871R,TNG0872RD,TNG0873R,TNG0874R, |
47168 | 31-Mar-96 |
Market Announcement | Page 18 of 25
| TNG0875R, TNG0876R, TNG0877R, TNG0878RD, TNG0879R, TNG0880R, TNG0881R, TNG0882R, TNG0883R, TNG0884R, TNG0885R, TNG0886R, TNG0887R, TNG0888R, TNG0889R, TNG0890R, TNG0891R, TNG0892R, TNG0893R, TNG0894R, TNG0895R, TNG0896R, TNG0897R, TNG0898R, TNG0899R, TNG0900R, TNG0901R, TNG0902R, TNG0903R, TNG0904R, TNG0905R, TNG0906R, TNG0907R, TNG0908R, TNG0909R, TNG0910R, TNG0911R, TNG0912R, TNG0913R, TNG0914R, TNG0915R, TNG0916R, TNG0917R, TNG0918R, TNG0919R, TNG0920R, TNG0921RD, TNG0922RD, TNG0923RD, TNG0924RD, TNG0925R, TNG0926R, TNG0927R, TNG0928R, TNG0929R, TNG0930R, TNG0931R, TNG0933R, TNG0934R, TNG0935R, TNG0936RD, TNG0937RD, TNG0938R, TNG0939R, TNG0940R, TNG0941R, TNG0942R, TNG0943RD, TNG0944R, TNG0945R, TNG0946R, TNG0947R, TNG0948R, TNG0949R, TNG0950R, TNG0951R, TNG0952R, TNG0953R, TNG0954R, TNG0955R, TNG0956R, TNG0957R, TNG0958R, TNG0959R, TNG0960R, TNG0961R, TNG0962R, TNG0963R, TNG0964R, TNG0965R, TNG0966R, TNG0967R, TNG0968R, TNG0969R, TNG0970R, TNG0971R, TNG0972R, TNG0973R, TNG0974R, TNG0975R, TNG0976R, TNG0977R, TNG0978R, TNG0979R, TNG0980R, TNG0981R, TNG0982R, TNG0983R, TNG0984R, TNG0985R, TNG0986R, TNG0987R, TNG0988R, TNG0989R, TNG1041R, TNG1042R, TNG1043R, TNG1044R, TNG1045R, TNG1046R, TNG1047R |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TNG1394R, TNG1395R, TNG1396R, TNG1397R, TNG1398R, TNG1399R, TNG1400R, TNG1401R, TNG1402R, TNG1403R, TNG1404R, TNG1405R, TNG1406R, TNG1407R, TNG1408R, TNG1409R, TNG1410R,TNG1411R |
55321 | Jun-98 | ||||
| MPI | TNG1731R, TNG1732R, TNG1733R, TNG1734R, TNG1735R, TNG1736R, TNG1737R, TNG1738R, TNG1740R, TNG1741R, TNG1744R, TNG1746R, TNG1745R |
66091 | Feb-03 | |||
| Focus | TNDC0001, TNDC0003, TNDC0005, TNDC0007, TNDC0010, TNDC0011, TNDC0012, TNDC0013, TNDC0014, TNDC0016, TNDC0017, TNDC0018, TNDC0019, TNDC0020, TNDC0021, TNDC0022, TNDC0023, TNDC0024, TNDC0025, TNDC0026, TNDC0027, TNDC0030, TNDC0031, TNDC0032, TNDC0033, TNDC0034, TNDC0035, TNDC0036, TNDC0039, TNDC0042, TNDC0048, TNDC0049, TNDC0050, TNDC0052, TNDC0053, TNDC0060, TNDC0061, TNDC0062, TNDC0063, TNDC0064, TNDC0065 |
81001 | 20-Feb-09 | |||
| TNDCD0186 | 89322 | 23-Feb-10 | ||||
| TNDC0388, TNDC0389, TNDC0390, TNDC0391, TNDC0392,TNDC0393,TNDC0394,TNDC0395 |
92766 | 9-Feb-11 | ||||
| BERC001, BERC004, BERC006, BERC011, BERC013, BERC015, BERC017, BERC018, BERC021, BERC023, BERC024 |
96924 | 27-Feb-13 | ||||
| BRC101, BRC102, BRC103, BRC104, BRC105, BRC106, BRC107, BRC109, BRC110, BRC111, BRC112, BRC113, BRC114, BRC115, BRC116, BRC117, BRC118, BRC119, BRC121, BRC122, BRC123, BRC124, BRC125, BRC126, |
101352 | 11-Feb-14 |
Market Announcement | Page 19 of 25
BRC127, BRC128, BRC129, BRC130, BRC132, BRCD131, BRCD133, BRCD135, BRCD136, PERCD001 BRRC009, BRRC010, BRRC012, BRRC014, BRRC015, BRRC016, BRRC017, BRRC018, BRRC030, BRRC036, BRRCD001, BRRCD002, BRRCD003, BRRCD004, 104846 15-Feb-15 BRRCD005, BRRCD006, BRRCD007, BRRCD008, BRRCD011, BRRCD013 TND16032, TND16033, TND16034, TND16035, TND16036, TND16037, TND16038, TND16039, TND16068, TND16069, TND16085, TND16086, 112010 21-Feb-17 TND16087, TND16088, TND16089, TND16090, TND16092, TND16093, TND16094, TND16097 TND16091, TND16095, TND16096, TND17005, TND17006, TND17008, TND17009, TND17010, TND17011, TND17012, TND17013, TND17014, TND17015, TND17016, TND17017, TND17018, TND17019, TND17020, TND17021, TND17022, TND17023, TND17024, TND17025, TND17026, TND17027, TND17028, TND17029, TND17030, TND17031, TND17032, TND17033, TND17034, 115997 28-Feb-18 TND17035, TND17036, TND17037, TND17038, TND17043, TND17044, TND17048, TND17052, TND17053, TND17054, TND17055, TND17056, TND17057, TND17058, TND17059, TND17060, TND17061, TND17062, TND17063, TND17064, TND17065, TND17066, TND17067, TND17068, TND17069, TND17070, TND17071, TND17072, TND17073, TND17074, TND17075, TND17085 FML Drilled holes not yet available on WAMEX ASX Release Drill Hole Number ASX Release Title Date 20BLRC006, 20BLRC007, 20BLRC008, Exploration Update - Coolgardie 26-Apr-21 20BLRC009, 20BLRC010, 20BLRC011, Gold Project 20BLRC012, 20BLRC013 Collar details of holes drilled and not publicly reported are given below:
| Hole ID | EAST | NORTH | RL | AZIMUTH | DIP | DEPTH | DRILL TYPE | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20BLDD001 | 326437 | 6572359 | 371 | 171.8 | -60 | 159.5 | DD | ||
| 20BLDD002 | 326432 | 6572374 | 370 | 131 | -79.6 | 144.7 | DD | ||
| 20BLDD003 | 326168 | 6572748 | 410 | 103.5 | -48.3 | 272.1 | DD | ||
| 21BLDD001 | 326419 | 6572048 | 416 | 116 | -58 | 150.1 | DD | ||
| 21BLDD002 | 326648 | 6572004 | 426 | 267 | -58 | 185 | DD | ||
| 21BLDD003 | 326575 | 6572494 | 415 | 240 | -58 | 333.2 | DD | ||
| 21BLDD004 | 326148 | 6572602 | 408 | 80 | -58 | 261.6 | DD | ||
| 21BLDD005 | 326522 | 6572454 | 411 | 245 | -57 | 300.7 | DD | ||
| 21BLDD006 | 326542 | 6572569 | 414 | 255 | -58 | 372.2 | DD | ||
| 21BLDD007 | 326540 | 6572598 | 414 | 296 | -50 | 339.4 | DD | ||
| 21BLRC001 | 326108 | 6572622 | 409 | 360 | -90 | 180 | WATERBORE | ||
| 21BLRC002 | 326651 | 6572120 | 426 | 360 | -90 | 132 | WATERBORE | ||
| 21BLRD001 | 326490 | 6572715 | 409 | 246 | -57.3 | 351.7 | RC/DD | ||
| 21BLRD002 | 326439 | 6572717 | 409 | 253 | -52.4 | 282.86 | RC/DD | ||
| 21BLRD003 | 326401 | 6572833 | 406 | 252 | -50.7 | 264.5 | RC/DD |
Market Announcement | Page 20 of 25
| 21BLRD004 | 326333 | 6572941 | 406 | 253 | -50.29 | 240.5 | RC/DD | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M65-1 | 326288 | 6572714 | 407 | 339 | -90 | 95 | RC | ||
| M6507-1 | 326147 | 6572822 | 408 | 249 | -60 | 35 | RC | ||
| M6507-2 | 326155 | 6572826 | 4079 | 249 | -60 | 45 | RC | ||
| M6507-3 | 326140 | 6572842 | 408 | 249 | -60 | 39 | RC | ||
| M6507-4 | 326132 | 6572838 | 409 | 249 | -60 | 30 | RC | ||
| Data aggregation methods |
• Mineralised intersections are reported at a 0.5g/t Au cut-off with a minimum reporting width of 1m for RC holes and 0.2m for diamond holes, composited to 1m. |
||||||||
| Relationship between mineralisation widths and intercept lengths |
• Holes were drilled orthogonal to mineralisation as much as possible, however the exact relationship between intercept width and true width cannot be estimated exactly in all cases. |
||||||||
| Diagrams | • Accurate plans are included in this announcement. | ||||||||
| Balanced reporting | • Drilling results are reported in a balanced reporting style. • The majority of FML drill assay results used in this estimation are published in previous news releases. Historic drill hole results available on WAMEX. |
||||||||
| Other substantive exploration data |
• There is no additional material exploration data to report at this time. | ||||||||
| Further work | • The Transition Zone Exploration Target area will be drilled in the next 12 months • Updated metallurgical testwork will be completed during the first half of 2022 to confirm recovery using TMH plant and address conservative estimate used in the 2020 Coolgardie PFS refresh • Material Classification sampling and more detailed mine design work will also be progressed during the first half of 2022 in order to progress submission of mining proposals • The background mineralisation outside the shoots defined for the February 2022 Mineral Resource estimate will begin to be assessed by combination of initial draft resource estimation and follow up drilling as the Coolgardie Gold Project progresses towards return to production. |
Market Announcement | Page 21 of 25
Section 3 Estimation and Reporting of Mineral Resources
(Criteria listed in section 1, and where relevant in section 2, also apply to this section)
| Criteria | Commentary |
|---|---|
| Database integrity | • FML data was geologically logged electronically, collar and downhole surveys were also received electronically as were the laboratory analysis results. These electronic files were loaded into an acQuire database by either consultants rOREdata or the company in-house Database Administrator. Data was routinely extracted to Microsoft Access during the drilling programs for validation by the geologist in charge of the project. • FML’s database is a Microsoft SQL Server database (acQuire), which is case sensitive, relational, and normalised to the Third Normal Form. As a result of normalisation, the following data integrity categories exist: • Entity Integrity: no duplicate rows in a table, eliminated redundancy and chance of error. • Domain Integrity: Enforces valid entries for a given column by restricting the type, the format, or a range of values. • Referential Integrity: Rows cannot be deleted which are used by other records. • User-Defined Integrity: business rules enforced by acQuire and validation codes set up by FML. • Additionally, in-house validation scripts are routinely run in acQuire on FML’s database and they include the following checks: • Missing collar information • Missing logging, sampling, downhole survey data and hole diameter • Overlapping intervals in geological logging, sampling, down hole surveys • Checks for character data in numeric fields. • Data extracted from the database were validated visually in Datamine and Seequent Leapfrog software. Also, when loading the data any errors regarding missing values and overlaps are highlighted. • Historic data has been validated against WAMEX reports where possible. |
| Site visits | • Alex Aaltonen, the Competent Person for Sections 1 and 2 of Table 1 is FML’s General Manager - Exploration and conducted regular site visits throughout 2021. • Michael Job, the Competent Person for Section 3 of Table 1 is an independent consultant with Cube Consulting and last visited site in September 2012. |
| Geological interpretation |
• All available drill hole and pit mapping data was used to guide the geological interpretation of the mineralisation. • Drilling by FML from 2018 to 2021 confirmed and added to the mineralisation interpretation from the June 2017 mineral resource estimate. • The host rocks at Brilliant are a sequence of Archaean basalts and ultramafics, which have been intruded by a suite of porphyry dykes (also described as granodiorites). The porphyries host the bulk of the mineralisation, occurring in two orientations, steeply dipping to the east (70 - 80°) with an average width of 3 to 5 m, or flatter dipping (20 - 40°) with widths of up to 2 m. Mineralisation consists of a stockwork of quartz / sulphide micro-veining and albite alteration of the porphyry. • Mineralised shoots in the host rocks were defined at about a 0.3 to 0.5 g/t Au cut off, with these domains consistent with the geology. Higher-grade sub-domains within these shoots forming sets of coherent north-plunging mineralised lodes were also used. • The mineralised shoots strike to the NW in the northern east part of the deposit, and to the NNE in the central part of the deposits and towards the SSW in the southern part of the deposit. • There are five groups of mineralised shoots, each containing four to nine discrete lodes. |
| Dimensions | • The Brilliant mineralisation has been modelled over 2 km strike length, the shoots have been interpreted from surface to approximately 600 m below surface (~ -180 _mRL). _ |
Market Announcement | Page 22 of 25
| • The main mineralised shoots vary in width from 2 to 20 m in width, with an average of 5 m. smaller shoots on the hanging wall (east) of the main zone have a strike length of few hundred metres, with average widths of 3 to 4 m. |
|
|---|---|
| Estimation and modelling techniques |
• Estimation of the mineral resource was by Ordinary Kriging (OK) using Datamine software, with the process as follows: • Drill hole data was selected within mineralised domains and composited to 1m downhole intervals – 1m is the dominant raw sampling interval. • The composited data was imported into Supervisor software for statistical and geostatistical analysis. • Variography was done on data transformed to normal scores, and the variogram models were back-transformed to original units. Variography was performed for the largest shoot within each of the five groups, and this variogram model was used for the other shoots in the group. • There is little difference in the Au grade distribution (mean and coefficient of variation (CV)) between the fresh and transitional material types, and few samples in the oxidised zone for most shoots, so all oxidation states were treated as a single estimation domain per shoot. • The back-transformed variogram models had low to moderate nugget effects (20 to 50% of total sill), with a ranges of up to 250 m in the main zone to 20 m in the smaller lodes. • Estimation (via Ordinary Kriging) was into a non-rotated block model in MGA94 grid, with a parent block size of 10 mE x 10 mN x 5 mRL – this is about the half average drill spacing in the deposit. • The ellipsoid search parameters were slightly shorter than the variogram ranges for each group of mineralised shoots. A minimum of 8 and maximum of 20 samples per block estimate was used. The search pass was expanded by a factor of two if the first pass did not estimate a block, and by a factor of four if a third pass was required. For the main high-grade shoots, 80 to 95% of the blocks were estimated on the first pass. • A ‘distance limited threshold’ technique was used where uncapped data was used within 5 m of the extreme values, but a capping was used beyond this. The caps were variable per shoot and were based on inflections and discontinuities in the histograms and log-probability plots. The highest cap was 20 ppm Au for the main high-grade shoot, with most other high grade shoots having caps between 8 and 15 ppm Au. • Estimates of Au grades were validated against the composited drill hole data by extensive visual checking in cross-section, plan and on screen in 3D, by global comparisons of input data and model, and by semi-local statistical methods (swath plots). All methods showed satisfactory results. |
| Moisture | • Tonnages are estimated on a dry basis. |
| Cut-off parameters | • The Resources for Brilliant have been reported above a 0.5 g/t cut-off for open cut above 230 mRL, and above a 1.5 g/t cut-off for underground resources below the 230 mRL. This represents a reduction in reporting cut-off grade for the open cut resources from 0.7 g/t to 0.5g/t compared to June 2017. The changes have been made by the application of a simple economic mode (in Australian dollars): • Gold price of $2500/oz., Processing and G&A costs of $35/tonne, Processing recovery of 95%. • Open cut mining costs $3.50/tonne, underground mining costs $80/tonne. |
| Mining factors or assumptions |
• The upper part of the Brilliant deposit would be mined by conventional open-cut methods. Pit optimisations and designs using preliminary wall angles and PFS inputs (including conservative gold price of AUD $2,200/oz.) were run in September 2020 indicating potential for open pit extraction to 180 m depth (i.e., 230 mRL). • Geotech for Brilliant has been developed to feasibility level and indicates that the wall rock for the pit design is competent and support moderately steep wall angles and thereby expanded pit optimisation/economic pit designs • Previous mining at Brilliant in the 1990’s and early 2000’s was successful, with over 1.1 Mt for almost 90,000 ounces extracted. • The width of mineralisation from surface and overall steep mineralised sill geometry supports extendedpit optimisation and designs. |
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| • Below 180 m depth, the high-grade shoots are steeply dipping consistent and coherent zones that would be amenable to long hole stoping mining methods. |
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| Metallurgical factors or assumptions |
• Historical open cut mining at Brilliant was successful, with almost 90,000 ounces recovered by Herald Resources. • Metallurgical test work for Brilliant has been conducted over several periods between 1984 and 1998 using a variety of methods including: • direct cyanide leach • gravity followed by cyanide leach • gravity followed by floatation and leach. • Given the proposed processing of Brilliant ore at the Three Mile Hill Plant, test work comprising gravity recovery followed by leach is most representative recovery method. • In December 1996 Ammtec Ltd conducted metallurgical test work on 2 composite samples from Brilliant (TNG1166, 37-38m and 43-44m. Grade: 1.49 ppm) and (TNG1167, 26-27m and 29-30m. Grade: 3.35 ppm). Work carried out included detailed elemental analysis, grind establishment, gravity separation/cyanidation and gravity separation/floatation/cyanidation test work. Excellent overall gold recoveries were reported for the gravity/cyanide leaching test work with 97.75% for Composite 1 and 95.51% for Composite 2. • For the purposes of the 2017 and follow up 2020 Coolgardie PFS, metallurgical recovery using the Three Mile Hill plant was conservatively discounted by 5% and assumed to be 90.5%. • New test work is proposed for the Brilliant deposits which now include substantially more ore tonnes reporting above 0.5 g/t cut off. |
| Environmental factors or assumptions |
• The Brilliant deposit occurs within an area of significant previous ground disturbance including: • the previously mined pit is almost 1 km long and is over 70 m deep • large scale alluvial/eluvial washing plants • shafts/ trenches • the deposit is located 3 km south of the Three Mile Hill ROM pad. • The flora and fauna in the Brilliant area was assessed in 2013 as part of a mine proposal developed at that time. No significant habitats were identified at that time. • During 2021 an updated and expanded biological study was progressed with final results expected in 2022. This study has not identified at this time any threatened or priority taxa in the survey area. |
| Bulk density | • Density values were assigned based on lithology type and weathering profile. Diamond core was used for water immersion technique density test work, and there is an extensive data set of more than 700 determinations. • Bulk density values varied from 1.66 to 2.0 t/m3 for oxidised, from 2.69 to 2.81 t/m3 for transitional material and from 2.84 to 2.94 t/m3 for fresh rock. |
| Classification | • Resources have been classified as Indicated and Inferred based mainly on geological confidence in the geometry and continuity of the mineralisation and close spaced (20m x 10m) drilling across the bulk of the deposit. In addition, various estimation output parameters such as number of samples, search pass, kriging variance, and slope of regression have been used to assist in classification. • Mineral classification strings in long section (N-S) were digitised to create continuous classification volumes. Material within the mineralised shoots, with a drill spacing of 20 mN x 20 mE or closer was classified as Indicated. Blocks inside the mineralised shoots that were not Indicated but within 20 to 40 m of drilling were classified as |
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| Inferred. The average drill spacing for the Inferred is 40 mN x 40 mE and up to 60 mN x 60 mE. • Sub-Inferred blocks exist at depth where drill spacing increases. These are not included in the reported Mineral Resource Estimate and the areas at depth are future exploration targets. |
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| Audits or reviews | • No independent audits or reviews of the February 2022 Mineral Resource estimate have been conducted. |
| Discussion of relative accuracy/ confidence |
• This is addressed in the relevant paragraph on Classification above. • The Mineral Resource relates to global tonnage and grade estimates. |
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