Flowing Cloud Technology Ltd - Interim / Quarterly Report 2024

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Flowing Cloud Technology Ltd 飛天雲動科技有限公司

(Incorporated in the Cayman Islands with limited liability) Stock Code : 6610

INTERIM REPORT

2024

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Contents
Corporate Information	2
Financial Highlights	4
Management Discussion and Analysis	5
Other Information	22
Independent Review Report	32
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss and
Other Comprehensive Income	33
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position	34
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity	36
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows	37
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	38
Definitions	48

Corporate Information

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Executive Directors

Mr. Wang Lei (Chairman and Chief Executive Officer)

Mr. Li Yanhao Ms. Xu Bing Mr. Li Yao

AUDITOR

ZHONGHUI ANDA CPA Limited

(appointed with effect from July 19, 2024) Certified Public Accountants Registered Public Interest Equity Auditor 23/F, Tower 2, Enterprise Square Five 38 Wang Chiu Road, Kowloon Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong

Independent Non-executive Directors

Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu

Mr. Jiang Yi Mr. Tan Deqing Ms. Wang Beili

JOINT COMPANY SECRETARIES

Mr. Li Yao Ms. Chan Sau Ling

AUDIT COMMITTEE

Ms. Wang Beili (Chairlady) Mr. Jiang Yi Mr. Tan Deqing

REMUNERATION COMMITTEE

Mr. Tan Deqing (Chairman) Mr. Wang Lei Ms. Wang Beili

(resigned with effect from July 19, 2024) Certified Public Accountants Registered Public Interest Equity Auditor 35/F, One Pacific Place 88 Queensway Hong Kong

AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVES

Mr. Wang Lei Ms. Chan Sau Ling

REGISTERED OFFICE

89 Nexus Way Camana Bay Grand Cayman KY1-9009 Cayman Islands

CORPORATE HEADQUARTERS

NOMINATION COMMITTEE

Mr. Tan Deqing (Chairman) Mr. Jiang Yi Ms. Wang Beili

Shop 8, Jingyuan Art Center Guangqulu No. 3 Chaoyang District Beijing PRC

Flowing Cloud Technology Ltd

Corporate Information

PRINCIPAL PLACE OF BUSINESS IN HONG KONG

5/F, Manulife Place 348 Kwun Tong Road Kowloon Hong Kong

CAYMAN ISLANDS SHARE REGISTRAR AND TRANSFER OFFICE

Ogier Global (Cayman) Limited

89 Nexus Way Camana Bay Grand Cayman KY1-9009 Cayman Islands

HONG KONG BRANCH SHARE REGISTRAR

Tricor Investor Services Limited

17/F, Far East Finance Centre 16 Harcourt Road Hong Kong

PRINCIPAL BANKERS

Beijing Rural Commercial Bank Co., Ltd. Taoranting Branch

1st Floor, Tower E, Fuli Morgan Center 6 Tai Ping Street Xicheng District Beijing PRC

Bank of Nanjing Co. Beijing Branch

Yongxing Garden Hotel 101 Fucheng Road Haidian District Beijing PRC

STOCK CODE

6610

COMPANY WEBSITE

www.flowingcloud.com

LEGAL ADVISOR

Morrison & Foerster

(resigned on September 4, 2024) 33/F, Edinburgh Tower The Landmark 15 Queen’s Road Central Hong Kong

Jingtian & Gongcheng LLP

(appointed with effect from September 5, 2024) Suites 3203–3207, 32/F, Edinburgh Tower The Landmark 15 Queen’s Road Central Hong Kong

Interim Report 2024

Financial Highlights

	For the six months ended	For the six months ended
	June 30,
	2024	2023	Change
	RMB’000	RMB’000
	(Unaudited)	(Unaudited)
Revenue	448,013	598,956	-25.2%
Gross profit	125,239	196,059	-36.1%
Profit before tax	74,435	122,577	-39.3%
Profit for the period	63,473	116,316	-45.4%
Total comprehensive income for the period	45,054	84,213	-46.5%
Basic earnings per share (RMB cents)	3.5	6.4	-45.3%

4 Flowing Cloud Technology Ltd

Management Discussion and Analysis

BUSINESS REVIEW

Business Update

As a major provider of the AR/VR content and services sector in China, Flowing Cloud has been committed to providing better quality of AR/VR content and more comprehensive AR/VR marketing services and creation platforms for customers.

In the first half of 2024, in the face of the difficult situation of a general downturn in domestic enterprise-side demand and a lack of effective stimulation of the market economy, the Company actively expanded its overseas markets to ensure stable development of the B-end market, which mainly focuses on marketing services. On the other hand, the Company insisted on taking technological research and development as the lead, users’ demand as the guide and standardized products as the stepping stones to overcome difficulties of the market downturn, achieving significant breakthroughs and great progress in the C-end market where virtual human live streaming is blooming.

To give full play to the bridging role of capital, the Company participated in its first industry fund, and the main investment directions of this fund include the “metaverse and artificial intelligence” and other digital economic tracks, which are compatible with the Company’s existing business and development directions. In the future, the Company will make full use of various capital means, including investment, to build XR and AIGC 3D content ecosystems and establish connections among companies in the digital content industry. In addition, in order to adapt to the increasingly competitive environment, the Company has attached great importance to the construction of organizations, and the cultivation of its talent teams, and upgraded various business subsegments with a more market-oriented organizational structure and incentive approach, and released the new “missions, visions and values” during the period, which procured the team to contribute and overcome hardships together.

During the Reporting Period, the Company realized revenue of RMB448.0 million, representing a decrease of 25.2% as compared with the same period last year. The Company’s gross profit margin was 28.0%, with gross profit amounted to RMB125.2 million, representing a decrease of 36.1% as compared with the same period last year. The Company’s profit margin for the period was 14.2%, with a profit for the period amounted to RMB63.5 million, representing a decrease of 45.4% as compared with the same period last year.

During the Reporting Period, traditional business segments of the Company continued to develop.

AR/VR marketing services

Revenue from AR/VR marketing services amounted to RMB322.9 million, representing a decrease of 24.0% as compared with the same period last year.

Interim Report 2024

Management Discussion and Analysis

Considering revenue in terms of geographical regions, the domestic AR/VR marketing business realized revenue of RMB253.8 million, representing a period-on-period decrease of 33.6% as compared to RMB382.0 million of the same period last year. The decrease in revenue from such business segment was mainly attributable to the impact of the macro-economy and the general reduction in marketing budgets of domestic advertising customers. At the same time, the Company actively explored overseas markets and realized revenue of RMB69.0 million from overseas AR/VR marketing business, representing a period-on-period increase of 61.2% as compared to the revenue of RMB42.8 million of the same period last year.

Operating Metrics	1H2024	1H2023	Change
AR/VR marketing services
Number of advertising customers	16	24	-33.3%
Monthly average number of advertising products promoted	143	93	53.8%
Average spending per advertising customer (RMB’000)	20,178	17,700	14.0%
Contract renewal rate	75.0%	66.7%	12.4%

AR/VR content services

During the Reporting Period, revenue from AR/VR content services was RMB106.5 million, representing a period-on-period decrease of 27.3%, which was mainly attributable to the decrease in the project unit price due to market competition, but the number of projects undertaken by the Company increased to 86 from 73 in the same period last year. During the Reporting Period, the Company further explored content production technologies and processes based on spatial computing platforms and utilized MR hardware such as Apple Vision Pro to provide more extensive and immersive experiences for end users. In addition, the Company also released the VR large-space comprehensive solution during the Reporting Period, and applied it in the sectors of digital cultural tourism as well as exhibition.

Operating Metrics	1H2024	1H2023	Change
AR/VR content services
Number of customers	28	35	-20.0%
Number of projects	86	73	17.8%
Average price of projects (RMB’000)	1,239	2,009	-38.3%

AR/VR SaaS services

In the first half of 2024, revenue from AR/VR SaaS services amounted to RMB14.3 million, representing a period-onperiod decrease of 46.9%. The decrease in revenue was mainly due to the simultaneous decrease in the number of paid subscribers and the number of customized projects.

Operating Metrics	1H2024	1H2023	Change
AR/VR SaaS
Number of registered users	8,062	8,778	-8.2%
Number of paid subscribers	1,259	3,030	-58.4%
Number of customized projects	58	175	-66.9%
Average daily active users	2,479	2,360	5.0%

Flowing Cloud Technology Ltd

Management Discussion and Analysis

During the Reporting Period, the Company continued to focus on government and enterprise customers and completed several high-quality AR/VR content service projects.

The Company was invited to attend and co-established the “Mekong Tourism Alliance”, which built a solid connection for cultural tourism cooperation amongst six countries located along the Lancang River and Mekong River including China and Myanmar, etc. As one of the major launch of the Alliance, the Company provided a full package of digital content production services for the “Love for Mekong River” project, and co-created an immersive cinema project in Yunnan Province, which explores and showcases the features of cultural tourism of the Lancang River and Mekong River regions.

Against the background of the promotion of digital cultural tourism by the State, the Company cooperated with a national archaeological park to carry out the digital construction of the museum at the archaeological site, which will be developed into a large-scale cultural tourism complex integrating archaeological study tour and family vacation. The Company fully leveraged on its strengths in the field of digital technology in the metaverse to provide tourists with personalized tour services through AI technology and digital human guide, allowing every meta-tourist to gain unique tour experience.

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The Company will continue to promote the application and innovation of XR and AI technologies in digital cultural tourism and digital display, so as to bring a more immersive travel experience to tourists and contribute new strengths to the prosperity of the regional economy.

In addition to the above representative business cases at the B-end, the Company is also actively developing and launching products and services at the C-end.

Operation of virtual human live streaming and the virtual human union

In the face of slowing growth in users and traffic, all major live streaming platforms consider virtual human live streaming as a new blue ocean market. To cater to the market and platform demands, the Company self-developed a virtual human live streaming control platform “FT Live”. The virtual Youtuber (“ VTuber ”), as the “man inside” of the real-time driven virtual human, can be paired with the live streaming control platform to achieve prompt live streaming. Also, due to the adoption of a monocular camera hardware configuration, the hardware cost threshold for virtual human live streaming is greatly reduced.

With the fast ramp-up of market demand, the Company has started to build a virtual human live streaming union on top of its self-operated virtual human live streaming accounts since last year. It is expected that the number of VTubers in the Company’s union will increase significantly by the end of 2024.

Interim Report 2024

Management Discussion and Analysis

The Company will not only use the live streaming control platform “FT Live” in its own unions, but also simultaneously open it up to other live streaming unions or individual VTubers who intend to try virtual human live streaming. The purpose of opening the live streaming control platform is to build a 3D digital asset trading platform, to consolidate the VTuber resources across the entire market on the one hand, and to open the platform’s built-in virtual human creation tools for free on the other hand, with a view to building a PUGC virtual human assets trading economic system.

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XR games

The Company is actively developing applications on new hardware platforms. For example, for Apple Vision Pro, we have launched several paid casual games and applications in overseas application stores, including a darts game. Such game applies 3D graphics rendering technology to ensure that the scenes, darts and target boards are created with lifelike details, harmonious and saturated colors, and natural light and shadow effects, bringing players the dual enjoyment of visual effects and game entertainment.

FUTURE OUTLOOK

Industry Overview

Policies

During the Reporting Period, relevant state departments launched a series of policies to encourage the development of metaverse, artificial intelligence and other new quality productive forces, including increasing investment in digital infrastructure, promoting digital technology innovation, setting up special funds and providing tax incentives, etc.

The State Council pointed out in the “Report on the Work of the Government 2024” that it is necessary to further promote the innovative development of digital economy, formulate policies to support the high-quality development of digital economy, actively promote digital industrialization and industrial digitalization, and promote the in-depth integration of digital technology and physical economy.

Seven ministries and commissions, including the Ministry of Industry and Information and Technology, jointly issued the “Implementation Opinions on Promoting Future Industrial Innovation and Development”, proposing the need to deepen the integration of new-generation information technology and manufacturing industry, accelerate the reconstruction of industrial chain structure, process and model, and develop new applications for future manufacturing. By utilizing the advantages of central enterprises of their rich scenarios, the construction of diversified future manufacturing scenarios can be expedited. The accelerated promotion of emerging scenarios such as industrial metaverse and bio-manufacturing may drive the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry through scenarios innovation.

8 Flowing Cloud Technology Ltd

Management Discussion and Analysis

Explore core business

The Company will continue to focus on the AR/VR content and services business to further improve the quality of content and services standards and increase its market share. Through continuous innovation and optimization of our products and services, we will ensure that our customers receive the most advanced technical support and the best user experience.

B-end business

In the face of the continuing economic downturn in China, the Company will continue to expand its overseas markets, further expand its overseas business and seek for more cooperation opportunities in Europe, the Middle East and other regions. The Company will participate in numerous professional exhibitions in Europe in the third quarter, in order to open the gateway to the European market, and at the same time actively explore business cooperation opportunities in the Middle East and other regions.

C-end business

Virtual human live streaming and virtual human union

Through the business framework of “virtual human live streaming control platform — virtual human union — virtual human digital assets trading platform”, the Company will lead the new wave of virtual human live streaming development with the support of the domestic live streaming platform and provide new growth momentum for the Company through diversified commercial monetization means.

Enhance 3D assets R&D with AIGC

The Company will adopt AIGC technology to enhance the efficiency of its own 3D digital asset production pipelines and invest in outstanding companies in the AIGC and XR content tracks through industry funds, so as to deeply integrate more advanced artificial intelligence technologies to provide customers with higher cost-effective products and services.

Continuous deployment of MR content

The Company will continue to deploy MR content track, including XR games, VR large-space, etc. to proactively try out new technologies and application directions, and continue to iteratively calculate for products and services.

Flowing Cloud will march into the future at a determined pace, constantly explore new development opportunities and strive to become a leader in the industry. The Company believes that through continuous efforts and innovation, it will be able to move forward steadily in the complex and changing market environment and create greater value for its customers and the society.

Interim Report 2024

Management Discussion and Analysis

FINANCIAL REVIEW

Revenue

The Group generated revenue primarily from the provision of AR/VR marketing services and the sale of AR/VR content. The revenue decreased by 25.2% from RMB598.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 to RMB448.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, mainly attributable to the decrease in the revenue generated from the AR/VR marketing services and AR/VR content businesses.

The following table sets forth a breakdown of the revenue by service or product type in absolute amounts and as a percentage of the total revenue for the periods indicated:

		For the six months ended June 30,	For the six months ended June 30,
	2024		2023
	RMB’000	%	RMB’000	%
	(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)
AR/VR marketing services	322,850	72.0	424,794	70.9
AR/VR content	106,539	23.8	146,636	24.5
AR/VR SaaS	14,295	3.2	26,928	4.5
Others_(Note)_	4,329	1.0	598	0.1
Total	448,013	100.0	598,956	100.0

Note: Other businesses comprise promotion services, advertising agency services and short drama operation, and historical technical services.

AR/VR marketing services

The Group generates revenue from the AR/VR marketing services business primarily through provision of AR/VR marketing services to its advertising customers. The revenue from AR/VR marketing services business decreased by 24.0% from RMB424.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 to RMB322.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, mainly due to the decrease in the number of AR/VR marketing services advertising customers. Nonetheless, we have been committed to exploring the needs of our customers. The monthly average number of advertising products promoted for our advertising customers increased from 93 in the first half of 2023 to 143 in the first half of 2024.

10 Flowing Cloud Technology Ltd

Management Discussion and Analysis

The following table sets forth a breakdown of the revenue from the AR/VR marketing services business by customer industry in absolute amounts and as a percentage of the total revenue from the AR/VR marketing services business for the periods indicated:

	For the six months ended June 30,	For the six months ended June 30,	For the six months ended June 30,
	2024		2023
	RMB’000	%	RMB’000	%
	(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)
Entertainment	28,906	9.0	91,132	21.5
Internet	52,194	16.2	74,499	17.5
E-commerce	13,351	4.1	63,327	14.9
Culture and tourism	42,143	13.1	61,234	14.4
Gaming	119,779	37.0	53,889	12.7
Automobiles	11,669	3.6	26,542	6.2
Others	54,808	17.0	54,171	12.8
Total	322,850	100.0	424,794	100.0

AR/VR content

The Group generates revenue from the AR/VR content business primarily through offering customized content to customers. The revenue from the AR/VR content business decreased by 27.3% from RMB146.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 to RMB106.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, mainly due to the decrease in the number of customers and project unit price per customer due to intensified market competition. Nonetheless, we proactively explored and fulfilled the needs of customers. The number of AR/VR content projects increased from 73 in the first half of 2023 to 86 in that of 2024, driven by the increasing demand for AR/VR products for different scenarios, including social functions, VR games and entertainment, virtual meetings and online exhibitions.

Interim Report 2024

Management Discussion and Analysis

The following table sets forth a breakdown of the revenue from the AR/VR content business by customer industry in absolute amounts and as a percentage of the total revenue from the AR/VR content business for the periods indicated:

	For the six months ended June 30,	For the six months ended June 30,	For the six months ended June 30,
	2024		2023
	RMB’000	%	RMB’000	%
	(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)
Entertainment	9,434	8.9	56,314	38.4
Gaming	78,522	73.7	45,231	30.9
Education	8,355	7.8	28,217	19.2
Others	10,228	9.6	16,874	11.5
Total	106,539	100.0	146,636	100.0

AR/VR SaaS

The Group generates revenue from the AR/VR SaaS business primarily through the provision of customized AR/VR SaaS products and customers’ subscriptions to the standardized AR/VR SaaS services. The revenue from the AR/VR SaaS business decreased by 46.9% from RMB26.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 to RMB14.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, mainly due to the decrease in the number of our paid subscribers and the number of customized projects.

Others

The Group’s revenue from the other businesses were generated from promotion services and texting services, advertising agency services and short drama operation, and historically technical services. Revenue from the other businesses increased by 623.9% from RMB0.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 to RMB4.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, primarily due to our active exploration of new businesses, revenue from the digital character development and operation services, short drama production and operation business, and education services.

Cost of Revenue

The cost of revenue of the Group primarily consists of (i) traffic acquisition costs, which mainly represent costs the Group pays to media platforms or their agents to purchase advertising traffic in connection with the AR/VR marketing services, (ii) subcontracting and development costs, which mainly represent outsourced service costs to third party service providers in connection with the design of arts elements including animations, special effects and illustrations in its AR/VR interactive content and AR/VR SaaS products, its games and games-related business, and the provision of certain non-core technical support, and (iii) use of materials costs, which represent the costs of PGC video materials in connection with the AR/VR content business.

Flowing Cloud Technology Ltd

Management Discussion and Analysis

The cost of revenue decreased by 19.9% from RMB402.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 to RMB322.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, primarily driven by the decrease in the traffic acquisition costs in relation to our AR/VR marketing services business, and the decrease in the subcontracting and development costs in relation to our AR/VR content business, in line with the decline of our AR/VR marketing services and AR/VR content businesses and the decrease in our use of materials costs due to the decrease in the customer demand for PGC video materials.

The following table sets forth a breakdown of the cost of revenue by nature in absolute amount and as a percentage of the total cost of revenue for the periods indicated:

		For the six months ended June 30,	For the six months ended June 30,
	2024		2023
	RMB’000	%	RMB’000	%
	(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)
Traffic acquisitions costs	258,716	80.2	326,315	81.0
Subcontracting and development
costs	53,013	16.4	52,423	13.0
Others	11,045	3.4	24,159	6.0
Total	322,774	100.0	402,897	100.0

Note: Other cost of revenue comprises use of material costs, amortization of intangible assets, staff costs and renting of servers.

AR/VR marketing services

The cost of revenue from the AR/VR marketing services business decreased from RMB327.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 to RMB258.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, primarily due to the decrease in our traffic acquisitions costs driven by the decline of our AR/VR marketing services business.

Interim Report 2024 13

Management Discussion and Analysis

The following table sets forth a breakdown of the cost of revenue from the AR/VR marketing services business by customer industry in absolute amounts and as a percentage of the total cost of revenue from the AR/VR marketing services business for the periods indicated:

	For the six months ended June 30,	For the six months ended June 30,	For the six months ended June 30,
	2024		2023
	RMB’000	%	RMB’000	%
	(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)
Entertainment	22,831	8.8	70,526	21.5
Internet	40,782	15.8	57,373	17.5
E-commerce	10,397	4.0	49,054	15.0
Culture and tourism	32,943	12.7	47,071	14.4
Gaming	98,633	38.1	41,221	12.6
Automobiles	9,288	3.6	20,562	6.3
Others	43,842	17.0	41,885	12.7
Total	258,716	100.0	327,692	100.0

The fluctuations in the cost of revenue from the AR/VR marketing services business in different industries are driven by the fluctuations in the revenue for the AR/VR marketing services business in the corresponding industries.

AR/VR content

The cost of revenue from the AR/VR content business decreased from RMB67.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 to RMB55.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, primarily due to the decrease in our subcontracting and development costs driven by the decline of our AR/VR content business.

The following table sets forth a breakdown of the cost of revenue from the AR/VR content business by customer industry in absolute amounts and as a percentage of the total cost of revenue from the AR/VR content business for the periods indicated:

	For the six months ended June 30,	For the six months ended June 30,	For the six months ended June 30,
	2024		2023
	RMB’000	%	RMB’000	%
	(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)
Entertainment	8,170	14.8	26,950	39.9
Gaming	33,140	60.2	18,991	28.1
Education	4,623	8.4	11,775	17.4
Others	9,110	16.6	9,871	14.6
Total	55,043	100.0	67,587	100.0

The fluctuations in the cost of revenue from the AR/VR content business in different industries are driven by the fluctuations in the revenue for the AR/VR content business in the corresponding industries.

Flowing Cloud Technology Ltd

Management Discussion and Analysis

Gross Profit and Gross Margin

The gross profit of the Group decreased by 36.1% from RMB196.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 to RMB125.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, primarily due to the significant decrease in our revenue. The gross profit margin of the Group decreased from 32.7% in the first half of 2023 to 28.0% in the first half of 2024. The decrease in the gross profit margin was attributable to the increase in traffic cost of the AR/VR marketing service business. Fierce market competition for AR/VR content and the AR/VR SaaS business resulted in corresponding cost increase and overall decline in gross profit.

The following table sets forth a breakdown of the gross profit by service and product type in absolute amount and gross margins, for the periods indicated:

		For the six months ended June 30,	For the six months ended June 30,
	2024		2023
		Gross		Gross
		Margin		Margin
	RMB’000	%	RMB’000	%
	(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)
AR/VR marketing services	64,134	19.9	97,103	22.9
AR/VR content	51,496	48.3	79,049	53.9
AR/VR SaaS	9,249	64.7	20,347	75.6
Others_(Note)_	360	8.3	(440)	-73.5
Total	125,239	28.0	196,059	32.7

Note: Other businesses comprise promotion services, advertising agency services and short drama operation, and historical technical services.

The gross margin of the AR/VR marketing services business decreased slightly from 22.9% for the six months ended June 30, 2023 to 19.9% for the six months ended June 30, 2024, primarily because of the increase in purchased traffic cost.

The gross margin of the AR/VR content business decreased slightly from 53.9% for the six months ended June 30, 2023 to 48.3% for the six months ended June 30, 2024, primarily because of the increase in AR/VR content business cost due to the increased R&D investment of projects as a result of fierce market competition.

The gross margin of the AR/VR SaaS business decreased from 75.6% for the six months ended June 30, 2023 to 64.7% for the six months ended June 30, 2024, primarily because the number of our paid subscribers decreased during the Reporting Period.

The gross margin of other businesses turned from gross loss margin of 73.5% for the six months ended June 30, 2023 to gross profit margin of 8.3% for the six months ended June 30, 2024, primarily because of the revenue from our previously promoted short-video mini program project and the revenue from live short video streaming with our digital character images.

Interim Report 2024 15

Management Discussion and Analysis

Other Income

Other income of the Group consists primarily of dividend income, interest income on bank deposits, tax refund and government grants. Other income decreased by 97.0% from RMB3.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 to RMB0.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, primarily as a result of the lack of dividend income and the decrease in interest income on bank deposits.

The following table sets forth a breakdown of other income for the periods indicated:

	For the six months ended	For the six months ended
	June 30,
	2024	2023
	RMB’000	RMB’000
	(Unaudited)	(Unaudited)
Dividend income	—	1,418
Interest income on bank deposits	54	1,138
Tax refund	54	1,028
Governmentgrants	2	50
Total	110	3,634

Other Gains and Losses

Other gains and losses of the Group primarily consist of foreign exchange loss/gain, and others which include miscellaneous gains and losses. We recorded other losses of RMB1.8 million in the first half of 2023 and other gains of RMB1.8 million in the first half of 2024, primarily due the positive foreign exchange gains due to depreciation of Renminbi.

The following table sets forth a breakdown of other gains and losses for the periods indicated:

	For the six months ended	For the six months ended
	June 30,
	2024	2023
	RMB’000	RMB’000
	(Unaudited)	(Unaudited)
Foreign exchange gain/(loss)	612	(1,054)
Others	1,197	(718)
Total gains/(losses)	1,809	(1,772)

Flowing Cloud Technology Ltd

Management Discussion and Analysis

Impairment Losses under Expected Credit Loss (“ECL”) model, Net of Reversal

Impairment losses under the ECL model, net of reversal refer to the net impairment losses recognized or reversed in respect of trade receivables. An impairment loss under ECL mode of RMB19.6 million was recognized in the first half of 2023, and a reversal of RMB0.6 million was made in the first half of 2024, primarily due to better collection of accounts receivables.

Distribution and Selling Expenses

Distribution and selling expenses of the Group consist of (i) staff costs, (ii) advertising and marketing costs, (iii) travelling expenses, (iv) office expenses, and (v) other selling expenses. The distribution and selling expenses increased by 49.6% from RMB5.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 to RMB8.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, primarily due to the recognition of option expenses.

Administrative Expenses

Administrative expenses of the Group primarily consist of (i) staff costs which include wages, bonuses and benefits for administrative personnel, (ii) rental and property management expenses, and (iii) professional service fees in relation to our financing activities which were not related to the Listing. The administrative expenses increased by 41.5% from RMB19.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 to RMB27.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, primarily due to the recognition of option expenses.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenses of the Group primarily consisted of (i) staff costs of R&D personnel, (ii) outsourced R&D expenses mainly in relation to outsourced interactive content modules for our Feitian Metaverse platform, and (iii) amortization expenses in relation to intelligent software purchased. The research and development expenses decreased by 49.2% from RMB28.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 to RMB14.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, primarily due to the recognition of outsourced R&D expenses in line with the delivery of the Feitian Metaverse platform project. The Group did not capitalize any research and development expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2024.

Finance Costs

Finance costs of the Group primarily include interest expenses on bank borrowings and lease liabilities. The finance costs increased by 22.1% from RMB2.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 to RMB2.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, primarily due to the increase in the interest expenses on our bank borrowings in line with the increase of our borrowings.

Income Tax Expense

The income tax expense of the Group increased by 75.1% from RMB6.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 to RMB11.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, mainly due to the expiry of the preferential tax treatment period of “two-year exemption and three-year half payment” for Beijing Flowing Cloud as a software enterprise by the end of 2023, and the 50% reduction in income tax at 12.5% since 2024. The effective tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2024 was 14.7%.

Interim Report 2024

Management Discussion and Analysis

Profit for the Period and Net Profit Margin

As a result of the foregoing, the Group recorded a profit of RMB63.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024, representing a decrease of 45.4% as compared to a profit of RMB116.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023. The net profit margin of the Group decreased from 19.4% in the first half of 2023 to 14.2% in the first half of 2024 mainly due to our declined gross profit margin and the increase in income tax expense.

Intangible Assets

The intangible assets of the Group consist of (i) adaptation rights for novels, IP images and cartoon characters, and (ii) software. The intangible assets decreased from RMB95.0 million as at December 31, 2023 to RMB79.3 million as at June 30, 2024, primarily due to a lack of new purchases of adaptation rights and software.

The following table sets forth a breakdown of the intangible assets as at the dates indicated:

	As at	As at
	June 30,	December 31,
	2024	2023
	RMB’000	RMB’000
	(Unaudited)
Adaptation rights	42,299	50,425
Software	37,011	44,570
Total	79,310	94,995

Contract Costs

The contract costs of the Group comprise (i) incremental costs to obtain contracts capitalized in relation to the incremental sales commissions paid to agents whose selling activities resulted in customers entering into agreements for the AR/VR SaaS business, and (ii) costs to fulfill contracts capitalized in relation to the setup cost to provide AR/VR content. The contract costs of the Group increased from RMB0.1 million as at December 31, 2023 to RMB0.4 million as at June 30, 2024, primarily due to purchasing of PGC video projects.

Incremental costs to obtain contracts capitalized relate to the incremental sales commissions paid to agents whose selling activities resulted in customers entering into sale and purchase agreements for the Group’s SaaS service. Contract costs are recognized as part of cost of revenue in the consolidated statement of profit or loss in the period in which revenue from the related SaaS services is recognized. There was no impairment in relation to these costs capitalized during the six months ended June 30, 2024 (June 30, 2023: same).

Costs to fulfill contracts capitalized relate to the setup cost to provide the AR/VR content. Contract costs are recognized as part of cost of revenue in the condensed consolidated statement of profit or loss in the period in which revenue from the related AR/VR content is recognized. There was no impairment in relation to these costs capitalized during the six months ended June 30, 2024 (June 30, 2023: same).

Flowing Cloud Technology Ltd

Management Discussion and Analysis

Trade and Other Receivables and Deposits

Trade receivables of the Group mainly relate to the amounts due from its customers who purchased AR/VR marketing services, AR/VR content or AR/VR SaaS products. Other receivables and deposits mainly consist of software license within one year, dividends receivable and other receivables.

The trade receivables increased slightly from RMB565.8 million as at December 31, 2023 to RMB576.0 million as at June 30, 2024, in line with our business development.

Prepayments

The prepayments of the Group primarily comprise (i) prepayments for purchasing of traffic from media platforms and their agents in connection with the AR/VR marketing services, (ii) prepayments for outsourcing service in connection with the AR/VR content business, (iii) prepayments for setting up our SaaS platform, and (iv) prepayments for intangible assets.

The prepayments increased from RMB594.0 million as at December 31, 2023 to RMB920.3 million as at June 30, 2024, primarily due to the increase in prepayments for purchasing of traffic from media platforms and their agents in connection with the AR/VR marketing services.

Trade and other payables

The trade and other payables of the Group comprise (i) trade payables, (ii) employee compensation payable, (iii) other tax payable, (iv) payables for long-term assets, and (v) other payables and accruals. The trade payables mainly were the amounts due to the Group’s suppliers for subcontracting and development costs and cost of raw materials.

The trade and other payables decreased from RMB148.1 million as at December 31, 2023 to RMB143.5 million as at June 30, 2024, in line with our business development.

Contract Liabilities

The contract liabilities of the Group mainly arise from the advance payments in relation to AR/VR marketing services, AR/ VR content and AR/VR SaaS ordered by the customers while the underlying services or products are yet to be provided. These contract liabilities are not expected to involve any cash outflow.

The contract liabilities increased from RMB13.1 million as at December 31, 2023 to RMB15.7 million as at June 30, 2024.

Bank Borrowings

The bank borrowings of the Group comprise short-term borrowings from commercial banks in the PRC denominated in Renminbi. The bank borrowings increased from RMB95.0 million as at December 31, 2023 to RMB115.0 million as at June 30, 2024, primarily due to operational funding needs in line with our business expansion.

Lease Liabilities

The lease liabilities of the Group were secured by rental deposits and were unguaranteed. Our lease liabilities decreased from RMB3.4 million as at December 31, 2023 to RMB2.9 million as at June 30, 2024.

Interim Report 2024

Management Discussion and Analysis

Contingent Liabilities

As at June 30, 2024, the Group did not have any material contingent liabilities.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The Group funded its cash requirements through cash generated from its business operations and bank borrowings, together with the net proceeds from the Global Offering (as defined in the Prospectus). The Group does not anticipate any material changes to the availability of financing to fund its operations in the future.

As at June 30, 2024, the Group had bank balances and cash of RMB135.0 million denominated in Renminbi, United States dollars and Hong Kong dollars and net current assets.

Capital Expenditures

The capital expenditures of the Group for the Reporting Period amounted to RMB3.6 million, which principally consist of expenditures on (i) intangible assets, (ii) right-of-use assets for leased offices, and (iii) property, plant and equipment.

The Group funded these expenditures through a combination of cash generated from its operations and bank borrowings.

Charge of Assets

As at June 30, 2024, the Group had no charge of assets.

Gearing Ratio

Gearing ratio equals net debt divided by total equity as at the end of the period and multiplied by 100%. Net debt equals bank borrowings and lease liabilities less bank balances and cash as at the end of the period. Gearing ratio is not applicable because the Group was in net cash position.

Foreign Exchange Risk Management

The Group mainly operates in the PRC with most transactions settled in Renminbi, and is exposed to foreign exchange risk arising from various currency exposures, primarily with respect to United States dollars and Hong Kong dollars. As at June 30, 2024, the Group had bank balances denominated in Renminbi, United States dollars and Hong Kong dollars. Except for certain bank balances denominated in foreign currencies, the Group did not have significant foreign currency exposure from its operations as at June 30, 2024. The Group currently does not have any foreign currency hedging transactions. However, the management monitors the foreign exchange exposure and will consider hedging significant foreign exchange exposure of the Group should the need arise.

Financial Instrument

The Group did not have any financial instruments for hedging purposes as at June 30, 2024.

Flowing Cloud Technology Ltd

Management Discussion and Analysis

Treasury Policy

The Directors will continue to follow the Group’s prudent treasury policy to manage its financial resources, with the objective of maintaining its highly liquid position to ensure future growth opportunities would be captured when they arise.

SIGNIFICANT INVESTMENTS HELD, MATERIAL ACQUISITIONS AND DISPOSALS

OF SUBSIDIARIES, ASSOCIATES AND JOINT VENTURES

The Company held a significant investment, with a value of 5% or more of the Group’s total assets as at June 30, 2024, in Hebei Yichen Industrial Group Corporation Limited (河北翼辰實業集團股份有限公司) (a joint stock limited liability company incorporated in the PRC whose H shares are listed in the Main Board of the Stock Exchange, stock code: 1596) (“ Yichen* ”). Yichen is principally engaged in research and development, manufacturing and sales of rail fastening system products, welding wire and railway sleeper products. As at June 30, 2024, the Group held 31,101,000 shares of Yichen, representing approximately 3.50% of the total issued share capital of Yichen. The investment costs were approximately HK$140,781,179. As at June 30, 2024, the fair value of this investment at FVTOCI was RMB93.7 million, representing approximately 5.7% of the Group’s total assets as at June 30, 2024. The Group recorded a fair value loss on investments in equity instruments at FVTOCI of RMB18.8 million for the Reporting Period. Based on the 2023 annual report of Yichen, Yichen recorded a revenue of RMB1,196.1 million and net profit of RMB50.3 million. As at the date of this interim report, the Company received a dividend income of HK$0.3 million. As Yichen mainly produces rail fastening systems, flux cored wires and sleepers widely used in high-speed, heavy-haul, and regular and urban railways, Yichen’s manufacturing and research and development processes present many opportunities for AR/VR applications including in the development of the prototypes, three-dimensional display of products, trainings of its employees and digitalization of its production lines. The Company further plans to explore business opportunities including providing AR/VR content and services to Yichen after the investment.

Save as disclosed above, there were no significant investments held, nor were there material acquisitions or disposals of subsidiaries, associates or joint ventures by the Group during the Reporting Period.

FUTURE PLANS FOR MATERIAL INVESTMENTS OR CAPITAL ASSETS

The Group intends to utilize the net proceeds raised from the Global Offering (as defined in the Prospectus) according to the plans set out in the section headed “Use of Proceeds from Listing” in this interim report.

Save as disclosed in this interim report, the Group did not have other plans for material investments or capital assets as at the date of this interim report.

Interim Report 2024 21

Other Information

CHANGES IN INFORMATION IN RESPECT OF DIRECTORS

There were no changes in information which are required to be disclosed and had been disclosed by Directors pursuant to paragraphs (a) to (e) and (g) of Rule 13.51(2) as well as Rule 13.51B(1) of the Listing Rules since the date of 2023 annual report of the Company.

EMPLOYEES AND REMUNERATION POLICIES

As at June 30, 2024, the Group had 135 full-time employees, all of them are located in China.

The Group’s success depends on its ability to attract, motivate, train and retain qualified personnel. The Group believes it offers its employees competitive compensation packages and an environment that encourages self-development and, as a result, have generally been able to attract and retain qualified personnel and maintain a stable core management team. The Group values its employees and is committed to growing with its own employees.

The Group recruits personnel through professional headhunting companies and recruitment websites. The Group has adopted the Post-IPO Share Option Scheme to link employees’ remuneration to their overall performance, and a performance-based remuneration reward system to keep them motivated. The promotion of each employee is not merely based on such employee’s position and seniority. The remuneration package of employees generally consists of basic salaries, incentive payments and bonuses. The remuneration policy and package of the employees are periodically reviewed. In general, the Group determines the remuneration package based on the qualifications, position and performance of its employees with reference to the prevailing market conditions.

In addition, the Group places strong emphasis on providing trainings to its employees in order to enhance their professional skills, understanding of our industry and work place safety standards, and appreciation of its value, as well as satisfying customer services. The Group offers different training programs for employees at various positions. For example, the Group offers induction training for newly recruited employees to attend as it strives for consistency and high quality of the services it offers to its customers. In addition, the Group provides trainings specifically catering for different skills and knowledge needed for different positions including product training, business training, finance training and management training. The Group strives to maintain a local talent pool and offer a promotion path for excellent employees in the Group.

Flowing Cloud Technology Ltd

Other Information

USE OF PROCEEDS FROM LISTING

The Company was successfully listed on the Main Board of Stock Exchange on October 18, 2022. After deducting the underwriting commissions, incentives and other offering expenses payable by the Company, the Company obtained the net proceeds from the Global Offering (as defined in the Prospectus) of approximately HK$531.9 million.

The Over-allotment Option (as defined in the Prospectus) was not exercised. The table below sets forth the intended application of the net proceeds and actual usage as at June 30, 2024:

				Net
				proceeds
				brought	Utilized net	Unutilized	Expected
				forward	proceeds	net	timetable
		Amount	Percentage	for the	for the	proceeds as	for the use
		of net	of total net	Reporting	Reporting	at June 30,	of unutilized
Intended application		proceeds	proceeds	Period	Period	2024	net proceeds
		(HK$		(HK$	(HK$	(HK$
		million)		million)	million)	million)
To enhance our R&D capabilities and
	improve our services and products
(1)	to develop and optimize our algorithms	53.2	10.0%	17.4	12.2	5.2	By the end of
	and data analysis capabilities;						2024
(2)	to upgrade and iterate our AR/VR	42.6	8.0%	12.2	8.0	4.2	By the end of
	development engines;						2024
(3)	to improve our operation capabilities;	37.2	7.0%	15.5	12.6	2.9	By the end of
							2024
(4)	to develop of our AR/VR content	37.2	7.0%	11.1	8.0	3.1	By the end of
	business;						2024
(5)	to develop our AR/VR SaaS business;	26.6	5.0%	5.4	3.4	2.0	By the end of
	and						2024
(6)	to procure IPs in support of the growth	16.0	3.0%	2.5	0	2.5	By the end of
	of our AR/VR content business and AR/						2024
	VR SaaS business.

Interim Report 2024 23

Other Information

				Net
				proceeds
				brought	Utilized net	Unutilized	Expected
				forward	proceeds	net	timetable
		Amount	Percentage	for the	for the	proceeds as	for the use
		of net	of total net	Reporting	Reporting	at June 30,	of unutilized
Intended application		proceeds	proceeds	Period	Period	2024	net proceeds
		(HK$		(HK$	(HK$	(HK$
		million)		million)	million)	million)
To enhance our sales and marketing
	function:
(1)	to strengthen our brand image through	53.2	10.0%	16.5	14.5	2.0	By the end of
	marketing effort;						2024
(2)	to enhance our brand awareness	26.6	5.0%	4.3	3.2	1.1	By the end of
	through online channels; and						2024
(3)	to strengthen and optimize our sales	53.2	10.0%	31.0	19.2	11.8	By the end of
	and marketing network.						2024
For selected mergers, acquisitions,		79.8	15.0%	79.8	0	79.8	By the end of
	and strategic investments						2024
For the development of our Feitian		53.1	10.0%	11.3	8.1	3.2	By the end of
	Metaverse platform						2024
For our working capital and general		53.2	10.0%	14.1	11.1	3.0	By the end of
	corporate purposes						2024
Total		531.9	100.0%	221.1	100.3	120.8

The Company will use the remaining proceeds for the purposes disclosed in the Prospectus. The expected timetable for utilizing the remaining proceeds is based on the best estimates of the future market conditions made by the Group. It may be subject to change based on the current and future development of market conditions.

INTERIM DIVIDEND

The Board does not recommend the payment of an interim dividend for the six months ended June 30, 2024.

POST-IPO SHARE OPTION SCHEME

We have adopted the Post-IPO Share Option Scheme on September 8, 2022. The total number of Shares which remains available for issue under the Post-IPO Share Option Scheme was 181,000,000 Shares, being 10% of the total number of Shares in issue as at the date of this interim report. The number of options available for grant under the Post-IPO Share Option Scheme was 108,503,000 Shares and 108,503,000 Shares at the beginning and the end of the six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively.

Flowing Cloud Technology Ltd

Other Information

The table below shows details of the movements in the number of share options granted under the Post-IPO Share Option Scheme during the Reporting Period.

		Outstanding						Outstanding
		as of						as of
		January 1,						June 30,
Name or category of grantees		2024	Date of grant	Granted	Exercised	Cancelled	Lapsed	2024
Post-IPO Share Option Scheme
Directors
Mr. Wang Lei	Note 1	1,800,000	July 14, 2023	—	—	—	—	1,800,000
Mr. Li Yanhao		1,800,000	July 14, 2023	—	—	—	—	1,800,000
Ms. Xu Bing		1,800,000	July 14, 2023	—	—	—	—	1,800,000
Mr. Li Yao		1,800,000	July 14, 2023	—	—	—	—	1,800,000
Employee participants in aggregate
63 employees	Note 1	54,465,000	July 14, 2023	—	—	—	(13,884,000)	40,581,000
Total		61,665,000		—	—	—	(13,884,000)	47,781,000

Notes:

(1) Options with an exercise price of HK$1.78 per Share with a vesting period in three tranches: 30% of which shall be vested on the first anniversary of the date of grant; 30% of which shall be vested on the second anniversary of the date of grant; and 40% of which shall be vested on the third anniversary of the date of grant. The exercise period shall be five years from the date of grant (the “ Option Period ”) and the Options shall lapse at the expiry of the Option Period.

The vesting of each tranche of the Options granted shall be subject to such Grantee not having been graded “D” for his/her monthly individual performance appraisal for more than two times during the 12-month period prior to the end of each vesting period. The Company has established an appraisal mechanism which uses a scoring system based on a matrix of qualitative and quantitative indicators that vary according to the roles and responsibilities of each individual in improving the Group’s operational results and/or linked to the Group’s strategic goals. The indicators include, but are not limited to, individual key performance indicators specific to each individual determined in accordance with the department he/she belongs to and the position held, as well as an overall evaluation on work attitude. In particular, individual key performance indicators evaluate each individual’s regular duties and/or tasks assigned during the appraisal period in terms of work quality, efficiency, completion status and timeliness and/or team management, while factors such as compliance with the Company’s rules and regulations and work commitment are taken into account for overall evaluation on work attitude. The closing price of the Shares on the business day immediately before the date of grant was HK$1.77 per Share.

(2) The number of Shares that may be issued in respect of options granted under all schemes of the Company during the six months ended June 30, 2024 divided by the weighted average number of Shares of the relevant class in issue for the period was 2.6%.

Interim Report 2024 25

Other Information

DIRECTORS’ AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE’S INTERESTS AND SHORT POSITION IN SHARES, UNDERLYING SHARES AND DEBENTURES OF THE COMPANY AND ITS ASSOCIATED CORPORATIONS

As at June 30, 2024, the interests and short positions of the Directors and the chief executive of the Company in the Shares, underlying Shares and debentures of the Company or any of its associated corporations (within the meaning of Part XV of the SFO) which had been notified to the Company and the Stock Exchange pursuant to Divisions 7 and 8 of Part XV of the SFO (including interests and short positions which they were taken or deemed to have under such provisions of the SFO), or which were recorded in the register required to be kept by the Company pursuant to section 352 of the SFO or as otherwise notified to the Company and the Stock Exchange pursuant to the Model Code as set out in Appendix C3 to the Listing Rules were as follows:

Interests in Shares

			Approximate
			Percentage of
Name of		Number of	Shareholding	Long/short
Directors	Capacity/Nature of Interest	Shares	(%)	position
Mr. Wang	Beneficial owner(1)
	A party to concert party agreement(1)
	Interest in controlled corporation(1)	770,156,301	42.55	Long position
Mr. Li	Beneficial owner(1)
	A party to concert party agreement(1)
	Interest in controlled corporation(1)	770,156,301	42.55	Long position
Ms. Xu Bing	Beneficial owner(2)	1,800,000	0.10	Long Position
Mr. Li Yao	Beneficial owner(2)	1,800,000	0.10	Long Position

Notes:

(1) Mr. Wang and Mr. Li jointly hold 42.55% of interest of the Company through Brainstorming Cafe Limited. Brainstorming Cafe Limited is owned as to 26.16% by Wanglei Co., Ltd., 61.05% by Cyber Warrior Holdings Limited and 12.79% by LYH. Ltd.. Wanglei Co., Ltd. is wholly owned by Mr. Wang. LYH. Ltd. is wholly owned by Mr. Li. Cyber Warrior Holdings Limited is wholly owned by Vistra Trust (Singapore) Pte. Limited. Vistra Trust (Singapore) Pte. Limited is the trustee of the Wang Family Trust which is a discretionary trust established by Mr. Wang as the settlor and protector, and the beneficiary of the Wang Family Trust is Wanglei Co., Ltd.. The Wang Family Trust is established for Mr. Wang’s estate planning purposes.

Furthermore, on December 13, 2021, Mr. Wang and Mr. Li entered into a concert party agreement, pursuant to which Mr. Wang and Mr. Li confirmed, among other things, that since they became shareholders and/or beneficial owners of Ophyer Technology or any member of the Group, they have been cooperating and are parties acting in concert with respect to the matters of Ophyer Technology, and shall continue to do so until the termination of such concert party agreement, and that they have been and shall continue to give unanimous consent, approval or rejection on any material issues and decision in relation to the business of the Company and the relevant members of the Group.

As at June 30, 2024, each of Mr. Wang and Mr. Li was interested in 1,800,000 underlying Shares which comprised 1,800,000 share options granted to each of them pursuant to the Post-IPO Share Option Scheme.

(2) As at June 30, 2024, each of Ms. Xu Bing and Mr. Li Yao was interested in 1,800,000 underlying Shares which comprised 1,800,000 share options granted to each of them pursuant to the Post-IPO Share Option Scheme.

Flowing Cloud Technology Ltd

Other Information

Interests in Shares of Associated Corporations

			Approximate
		Name of	Percentage of
		associated	Shareholding
Name of Director	Capacity/Nature of Interest	corporation	(%)
Mr. Wang	Beneficial owner(1)	Ophyer Technology	40.88
Mr. Li	Beneficial owner(2)	Ophyer Technology	5.92

Notes:

(1) Mr. Wang, one of the Registered Shareholders, holds 40.88% of the equity interest in Ophyer Technology. Ophyer Technology is a subsidiary of the Company by virtue of the Contractual Arrangements.
(2) Mr. Li, one of the Registered Shareholders, holds 5.92% of the equity interest in Ophyer Technology. Ophyer Technology is a subsidiary of the Company by virtue of the Contractual Arrangements.

Save as disclosed above, as at June 30, 2024, none of the Directors or chief executive of the Company had any interests or short positions in the Shares, underlying Shares and debentures of the Company or any of its associated corporations (within the meaning of Part XV of the SFO) which would be required to be notified to the Company and the Stock Exchange pursuant to Divisions 7 and 8 of Part XV of the SFO, or which would be required, pursuant to Section 352 of the SFO, to be entered in the register referred to therein, or otherwise notified to the Company and the Stock Exchange pursuant to the Model Code.

DIRECTORS’ RIGHTS TO ACQUIRE SHARES OR DEBENTURES

Save as otherwise disclosed in this interim report, at no time during the Reporting Period was the Company or any of its subsidiaries a party to any arrangement that would enable the Directors to acquire benefits by means of acquisition of Shares in, or debentures of, the Company or any other body corporate, and none of the Directors or their spouses or children under the age of 18 were granted any right to subscribe for the share capital or debt securities of the Company or any other body corporate, or had exercised any such right.

Interim Report 2024

Other Information

SUBSTANTIAL SHAREHOLDERS’ INTERESTS AND SHORT POSITIONS IN SHARES AND UNDERLYING SHARES

As at June 30, 2024, to the best knowledge of the Directors, the following persons (other than a Director or chief executive of the Company) had interests or short positions in the Shares or underlying Shares were required to be disclosed to the Company under the provisions of Divisions 2 and 3 of Part XV of the SFO, or recorded in the register required to be kept by the Company under section 336 of the SFO:

Interests in Shares

				Approximate
	Capacity/Nature	Number of		Percentage of	Long/Short
Name of Shareholders	of Interest	Shares	Shareholding (%)		Position
Wanglei Co., Ltd.	Interest in controlled	768,056,301		42.43	Long position
	corporation(1)
LYH. Ltd.	Interest in controlled	768,056,301		42.43	Long position
	corporation(1)
Vistra Trust (Singapore) Pte. Limited	Trustee(2)	768,056,301		42.43	Long position
Cyber Warrior Holdings Limited	Interest in controlled	768,056,301		42.43	Long position
	corporation(2)
Ms. Zhang Zimo	Interest of spouse(3)	770,156,301		42.55	Long position
Ms. Feng Dasha	Interest of spouse(4)	770,156,301		42.55	Long position
Brainstorming Cafe Limited	Beneficial owner	768,056,301		42.43	Long position

Notes:

(1) Mr. Wang and Mr. Li jointly hold 42.55% of interest of the Company through Brainstorming Cafe Limited. Brainstorming Cafe Limited is owned as to 26.16% by Wanglei Co., Ltd., 61.05% by Cyber Warrior Holdings Limited and 12.79% by LYH. Ltd.. Wanglei Co., Ltd. is wholly owned by Mr. Wang. LYH. Ltd. is wholly owned by Mr. Li. Cyber Warrior Holdings Limited is wholly owned by Vistra Trust (Singapore) Pte. Limited. Vistra Trust (Singapore) Pte. Limited is the trustee of the Wang Family Trust which is a discretionary trust established by Mr. Wang as the settlor and protector, and the beneficiary of the Wang Family Trust is Wanglei Co., Ltd.. The Wang Family Trust is established for Mr. Wang’s estate planning purposes.

(2) Cyber Warrior Holdings Limited is wholly owned by Vistra Trust (Singapore) Pte. Limited, the trustee of the Wang Family Trust which is a discretionary trust established by Mr. Wang as the settlor and protector and the beneficiary of the Wang Family Trust is Wanglei Co., Ltd.. The Wang Family Trust is established for Mr. Wang’s estate planning purposes.

Flowing Cloud Technology Ltd

Other Information

(3) Ms. Zhang Zimo is the spouse of Mr. Wang. Under the SFO, Ms. Zhang Zimo is deemed to be interested in the same number of Shares in which Mr. Wang is interested.
(4) Ms. Feng Dasha is the spouse of Mr. Li. Under the SFO, Ms. Feng Dasha is deemed to be interested in the same number of Shares in which Mr. Li is interested.

Save as disclosed above, as at June 30, 2024, the Directors were not aware of any persons (other than the Directors or chief executive of the Company) who had interests or short positions in the Shares or underlying Shares which were required to be disclosed to the Company under the provisions of Divisions 2 and 3 of Part XV of the SFO, or recorded in the register required to be kept by the Company under section 336 of the SFO.

PURCHASE, SALE OR REDEMPTION OF THE SECURITIES OF THE COMPANY

During the Reporting Period, the Company bought back a total of 1,182,000 Shares on the Stock Exchange. Details of the share buy-backs by the Company on the Stock Exchange during the Reporting Period are as follows:

	No. of
	Shares	Price per Share
Month of repurchase	repurchased	Highest	Lowest	Total paid
		HK$	HK$	HK$
June	1,182,000	0.62	0.52	689,140

The Board believes that the share buy-backs could reflect the Board’s confidence in the Company’s long-term business prospects. As at the date of this interim report, 3,854,000 Shares of the bought Shares are yet to be cancelled.

Save as disclosed above, neither the Company, nor any of its subsidiaries have purchased, sold or redeemed any of the Company’s listed securities throughout the Reporting Period.

SUBSEQUENT EVENT AFTER THE REPORTING PERIOD

There is no subsequent event after the Reporting Period which has a material impact on the Group.

CONVERTIBLE SECURITIES, OPTIONS, WARRANTS AND SIMILAR RIGHTS

Save as disclosed in the section headed “Post-IPO Share Option Scheme” in this interim report, the Company had no outstanding convertible securities, options, warrants and similar rights during the Reporting Period and there was no issue or grant of any convertible securities, options, warrants and similar rights during the Reporting Period.

Interim Report 2024 29

Other Information

AUDIT COMMITTEE

The Board has established the Audit Committee with written terms of reference in compliance with the requirements of the Corporate Governance Code. The terms of reference of the Audit Committee are set out on the websites of the Stock Exchange (http://www.hkexnews.hk) and the Company (http://www.flowingcloud.com).

As at the date of this interim report, the Audit Committee comprises three independent non-executive Directors, namely Ms. Wang Beili, Mr. Jiang Yi, and Mr. Tan Deqing, with Ms. Wang Beili serving as the chairlady. The principal duties of the Audit Committee are to review and supervise the financial reporting process, risk management and internal control systems of the Company.

The Audit Committee has reviewed the unaudited condensed consolidated interim results of the Group for the Reporting Period and this interim report in conjunction with the management and the external auditor of the Company. Based on this review and discussions with the management, the Audit Committee considered that the interim results are in compliance with the applicable accounting standards, the Listing Rules and all other applicable legal requirements.

MODEL CODE FOR SECURITIES TRANSACTIONS

The Company has adopted the Model Code as its own code of conduct regarding securities transactions by the Directors.

Specific enquiry has been made of all the Directors and the Directors have confirmed that they have complied with the Model Code throughout the Reporting Period.

The Company has also established written guidelines (the “ Employees Written Guidelines ”) no less exacting than the Model Code for securities transactions by employees who, because of such office or employment, are likely to possess inside information in relation to the Company or its securities. No incident of non-compliance of the Employees Written Guidelines by the employees was noted by the Company.

Flowing Cloud Technology Ltd

Other Information

COMPLIANCE WITH THE CORPORATE GOVERNANCE PRACTICES

The Group is committed to maintaining high standard of corporate governance to safeguard the interests of the Shareholders, enhance corporate value, formulate its business strategies and policies, and enhance its transparency and accountability.

The Board is of the view that the Company has complied with all applicable principles and code provisions of the Corporate Governance Code for the Reporting Period, except for a deviation from the code provision C.2.1 of the Corporate Governance Code, that the roles of Chairman and chief executive officer of the Company are not separated and are both performed by Mr. Wang Lei. With extensive experience in the technology services and game development industry, Mr. Wang Lei is responsible for the strategic development, overall operation and management and major decision-making of the Group and is instrumental to its growth and business expansion since he joined the Group. The Board considers that vesting the roles of Chairman and chief executive officer in the same person is beneficial to the management of the Group. The balance of power and authority is ensured by the operation of the senior management and the Board, which comprises experienced and visionary individuals. The Board currently comprises four executive Directors (including Mr. Wang Lei) and three independent non-executive Directors and therefore has a fairly strong independence element in its composition. Decisions to be made by the Board require approval by at least a majority of the Directors. Mr. Wang Lei and the other Directors are aware of and undertake to fulfil their fiduciary duties as Directors, which require, among other things, that he/she acts for the benefit and in the best interests of the Company and will make decisions of the Group accordingly. The Board will continue to review the effectiveness of the corporate governance structure of the Company in order to assess whether separation of the roles of Chairman and chief executive officer is necessary. Save as disclosed above, the Company is in compliance with all code provisions as set out in Part 2 of the Corporate Governance Code during the Reporting Period and up to the date of this interim report.

Interim Report 2024

Independent Review Report

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TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF FLOWING CLOUD TECHNOLOGY LTD

(Incorporated in the Cayman Islands with limited liability)

INTRODUCTION

We have reviewed the condensed consolidated financial statements of Flowing Cloud Technology Ltd (the “ Company ”) and its subsidiaries set out on pages 33 to 47, which comprise the condensed consolidated statement of financial position as at June 30, 2024 and the related condensed consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income, statement of changes in equity and statement of cash flows for the six-month period then ended, and notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements. The Rules Governing the Listing of Securities on The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited require the preparation of a report on interim financial information to be in compliance with the relevant provisions thereof and International Accounting Standard 34 “Interim Financial Reporting” (“ IAS 34 ”) issued by the International Accounting Standards Board. The directors of the Company are responsible for the preparation and presentation of these condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with IAS 34. Our responsibility is to express a conclusion on these condensed consolidated financial statements based on our review, and to report our conclusion solely to you, as a body, in accordance with our agreed terms of engagement, and for no other purpose. We do not assume responsibility towards or accept liability to any other person for the contents of this report.

SCOPE OF REVIEW

We conducted our review in accordance with Hong Kong Standard on Review Engagements 2410 “Review of Interim Financial Information Performed by the Independent Auditor of the Entity” issued by the Hong Kong Institute of Certified Public Accountants. A review of these condensed consolidated financial statements consists of making inquiries, primarily of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters, and applying analytical and other review procedures. A review is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with Hong Kong Standards on Auditing and consequently does not enable us to obtain assurance that we would become aware of all significant matters that might be identified in an audit. Accordingly, we do not express an audit opinion.

CONCLUSION

Based on our review, nothing has come to our attention that causes us to believe that the condensed consolidated financial statements are not prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with IAS 34.

ZHONGHUI ANDA CPA LIMITED

Certified Public Accountants

Yeung Hong Chun

Practising Certificate Number P07374

Hong Kong, August 30, 2024

32 Flowing Cloud Technology Ltd

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income

For the six months ended June 30, 2024

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Six months ended June 30,
Notes 2024 2023
RMB’000 RMB’000
(Unaudited) (Unaudited)
Revenue 4 448,013 598,956
Cost of revenue (322,774) (402,897)
Gross profit 125,239 196,059
Other income 110 3,634
Other gains and losses 5 1,809 (1,772)
Impairment losses under expected credit loss model,
net of reversal 6 620 (19,611)
Distribution and selling expenses (8,701) (5,817)
Administrative expenses (27,725) (19,593)
Research and development expenses (14,350) (28,221)
Finance costs (2,567) (2,102)
Profit before tax 7 74,435 122,577
Income tax expense 8 (10,962) (6,261)
Profit for the period 63,473 116,316
Other comprehensive expense:
Item that will not be reclassified to profit or loss:
Fair value loss on investments in equity instruments at fair value
through other comprehensive income (“ FVTOCI ”) (18,784) (32,103)
Item that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss:
Exchange differences arising on translation of foreign operations 365 —
(18,419) (32,103)
Total comprehensive income for the period 45,054 84,213
Profit/(loss) for the period attributable to:
Owners of the Company 63,473 116,319
Non-controlling interests — (3)
63,473 116,316
Total comprehensive income/(expense)
for the period attributable to:
Owners of the Company 45,054 84,216
Non-controlling interests — (3)
45,054 84,213
Basic earnings per share (RMB cents) 10 3.5 6.4
Diluted earnings per share (RMB cents) 10 N/A N/A
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Interim Report 2024

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position

At June 30, 2024

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At June 30, At December 31,
Notes 2024 2023
RMB’000 RMB’000
(Unaudited) (Audited)
NON-CURRENT ASSETS
Property, plant and equipment 6,965 8,756
Right-of-use assets 4,217 4,002
Intangible assets 11 79,310 94,995
Equity instruments at FVTOCI 12 93,671 112,456
Deferred tax assets 8,848 8,412
193,011 228,621
CURRENT ASSETS
Trade and other receivables and deposits 13 576,042 565,784
Contract costs 365 111
Prepayments 14 920,282 593,970
Restricted bank deposits — 120
Bank balances and cash 134,973 332,668
1,631,662 1,492,653
CURRENT LIABILITIES
Trade and other payables 15 143,495 148,076
—
Notes payable 25,000
Lease liabilities 2,948 2,495
Bank borrowings 16 115,000 95,000
Contract liabilities 15,667 13,061
Income tax payable 13,074 9,510
315,184 268,142
NET CURRENT ASSETS 1,316,478 1,224,511
TOTAL ASSETS LESS CURRENT LIABILITIES 1,509,489 1,453,132
NON-CURRENT LIABILITY
Amount due to controlling shareholders 17 6,000 —
Lease liabilities — 900
6,000 900
NET ASSETS 1,503,489 1,452,232
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Flowing Cloud Technology Ltd

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position

At June 30, 2024

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At June 30, At December 31,
Notes 2024 2023
RMB’000 RMB’000
(Unaudited) (Audited)
CAPITAL AND RESERVES
Share capital 18 128 128
Share premium 521,249 521,249
Reserves 979,382 928,125
EQUITY ATTRIBUTABLE TO OWNERS OF THE COMPANY 1,500,759 1,449,502
Non-controlling interests 2,730 2,730
TOTAL EQUITY 1,503,489 1,452,232
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Interim Report 2024

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity

For the six months ended June 30, 2024

	Attributable to owners of the Company
	Share capital Share premium Treasury shares Capital reserve Other reserve Translation reserve Share- based payments reserve FVTOCI reserve Statutory reserve funds Retained earnings Total Non- controlling interests Total equity
	RMB’000 RMB’000 RMB’000 RMB’000 RMB’000 RMB’000 RMB’000 RMB’000 RMB’000 RMB’000 RMB’000 RMB’000 RMB’000
At January 1, 2024 (Audited)
	128 521,249 (4,582) 174,174 34,520 (1,169) 10,036 (20,521) 53,760 681,907 1,449,502 2,730 1,452,232
Profit/(loss) for the period (Unaudited) Other comprehensive expense for the period (Unaudited)
	— — — — — — — — — 63,473 63,473 — 63,473
	— — — — — 365 — (18,784) — — (18,419) — (18,419)
Total comprehensive (expense)/income for the period (Unaudited) — — — — — 365 — (18,784) — 63,473 45,054 — 45,054
Recognition of equity-settled share-based payments (Unaudited) — — — — — — 6,832 — — — 6,832 — 6,832 Repurchase of shares (Unaudited) — — (628) — — — — — — — (628) — (628) Transaction costs attributable to repurchase of shares (Unaudited) — — (1) — — — — — — — (1) — (1)
At June 30, 2024 (Unaudited) 128 521,249 (5,211) 174,174 34,520 (804) 16,868 (39,305) 53,760 745,380 1,500,759 2,730 1,503,489
At January 1, 2023 (Audited) 128 521,249 — 174,174 34,520 — — 20,872 27,925 443,804 1,222,672 2,733 1,225,405
Profit/(loss) for the period (Unaudited) — — — — — — — — — 116,319 116,319 (3) 116,316 Other comprehensive expense for the period (Unaudited) — — — — — — — (32,103) — — (32,103) — (32,103)
Total comprehensive (expense)/income for the period (Unaudited) — — — — — — — (32,103) — 116,319 84,216 (3) 84,213
At June 30, 2023 (Unaudited) 128 521,249 — 174,174 34,520 — — (11,231) 27,925 560,123 1,306,888 2,730 1,309,618

Flowing Cloud Technology Ltd

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

For the six months ended June 30, 2024

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Six months ended June 30,
2024 2023
RMB’000 RMB’000
(Unaudited) (Unaudited)
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Cash used in operations (209,033) (33,347)
Income tax paid (7,866) (12,146)
Net cash used in operating activities (216,899) (45,493)
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Purchase of property, plant and equipment (1,883) (7,411)
—
Purchase of intangible assets (28,041)
—
Proceeds from disposal of equity instruments at FVTOCI 35,573
Interest received 54 1,138
Net cash (used in)/from investing activities (1,829) 1,259
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
New bank borrowings raised 85,000 75,000
Repayment of bank borrowings (65,000) (53,000)
Repayment of lease liabilities (2,412) (2,715)
—
Increase in amount due to controlling shareholders 6,000
Interest paid (2,567) (2,102)
—
Payment of share issue costs (56)
—
Payment on repurchase of shares (628)
Transaction costs attributable to repurchase of shares (1) —
Net cash from financing activities 20,392 17,127
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents (198,336) (27,107)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the period 332,668 404,501
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes 641 (1,054)
Cash and cash equivalents at end of the period, represented by
bank balances and cash 134,973 376,340
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Interim Report 2024 37

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

For the six months ended June 30, 2024

1. GENERAL INFORMATION

Flowing Cloud Technology Ltd (the “ Company ”) was incorporated and registered in the Cayman Islands on June 24, 2021 as an exempted company with limited liability under the Companies Law of the Cayman Islands. The addresses of the registered office and the principal place of business of the Company are 89 Nexus Way, Camana Bay, Grand Cayman, KY1-9009, Cayman Islands and Shop 8, Jingyuan Art Center, Guangqulu No. 3, Chaoyang District, Beijing, the PRC, respectively.

The Company is an investment holding company. The Company and its subsidiaries (hereinafter collectively referred to as the “ Group ”) are primarily engaged in the provision of augmented reality and virtual reality (“ AR/VR ”) marketing services, AR/VR contents and relevant services.

The immediate holding company of the Company is Brainstorming Cafe Limited, which was incorporated in the British Virgin Islands.

The Company was successfully listed on the Main Board of The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited on October 18, 2022 (the “ Listing ”).

The condensed consolidated financial statements are presented in Renminbi (“ RMB ”), which is also the functional currency of the Company.

2. BASIS OF PREPARATION

The condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Accounting Standard 34 “Interim Financial Reporting” issued by the International Accounting Standards Board as well as the applicable disclosure requirements of Appendix 16 to the Rules Governing the Listing of Securities on The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited.

3. MATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis, except for certain financial instruments, which are measured at fair values, as appropriate.

Other than change in accounting policies resulting from application of amendments to International Financial Reporting Standards (“ IFRSs ”), the accounting policies and methods of computation used in the condensed consolidated financial statements for the six months ended June 30, 2024 are the same as those presented in the Group’s annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Flowing Cloud Technology Ltd

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

For the six months ended June 30, 2024

3. MATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)

Adoption of new and revised IFRSs

In the current period, the Group has adopted all the new and revised IFRSs that are relevant to its operations and effective for its accounting period beginning on January 1, 2024. The adoption of these new and revised IFRSs did not result in significant changes to the Group’s accounting policies, presentation of the Group’s condensed consolidated financial statements and amounts reported for the current periods and prior years.

The Group has not applied the new and revised IFRSs that have been issued but are not yet effective. The Group has already commenced an assessment of the impact of these new and revised IFRSs but is not yet in a position to state whether these new and revised IFRSs would have a material impact on its results of operations and financial position.

4. REVENUE AND SEGMENTAL INFORMATION

Disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers

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Six months ended June 30,
2024 2023
RMB’000 RMB’000
(Unaudited) (Unaudited)
AR/VR marketing service business 322,850 424,794
AR/VR content business 106,539 146,636
AR/VR software as a service (“ SaaS ”) service 14,295 26,928
Others 4,329 598
448,013 598,956
Timing of revenue recognition
A point in time 438,463 587,528
Over time 9,550 11,428
448,013 598,956
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Segment information

For management purposes, the Group does not organize into business units based on their services and only has one reportable operating segment. The chief operating decision maker monitors the operating results of the Group’s operating segment as a whole for the purpose of making decisions about resources allocation and performance assessment. In this regard, no segment information is presented.

Interim Report 2024

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

For the six months ended June 30, 2024

4. REVENUE AND SEGMENTAL INFORMATION (Continued)

Segment information (Continued)

Geographical information

An analysis of the Group’s revenue from external customers by geographical market based on where the revenue is derived from is as below:

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Six months ended June 30,
2024 2023
RMB’000 RMB’000
(Unaudited) (Unaudited)
Mainland, People’s Republic of China (the “ PRC ”) 378,064 556,186
Hong Kong 69,949 42,770
448,013 598,956
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The Group’s non-current assets (excluded financial instruments and deferred tax assets) by geographical location of the assets are detailed below:

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At June 30, At December 31,
2024 2023
RMB’000 RMB’000
(Unaudited) (Audited)
Mainland, the PRC 75,526 90,755
Hong Kong 14,966 16,998
90,492 107,753
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5. OTHER GAINS AND LOSSES

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Six months ended June 30,
2024 2023
RMB’000 RMB’000
(Unaudited) (Unaudited)
Foreign exchange gain/(loss) 612 (1,054)
Others 1,197 (718)
1,809 (1,772)
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Flowing Cloud Technology Ltd

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

For the six months ended June 30, 2024

6. IMPAIRMENT LOSSES UNDER EXPECTED CREDIT LOSS MODEL, NET OF REVERSAL

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Six months ended June 30,
2024 2023
RMB’000 RMB’000
(Unaudited) (Unaudited)
Reversal of impairment losses/(impairment losses) recognized on
trade receivables 620 (19,611)
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The basis of determining the inputs and assumptions and the estimation techniques used in the condensed consolidated financial statements for the six months ended June 30, 2024 are the same as those followed in the preparation of the Group’s annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2023.

7. PROFIT BEFORE TAX

Profit before tax has been arrived at after charging:

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Six months ended June 30,
2024 2023
RMB’000 RMB’000
(Unaudited) (Unaudited)
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment 2,010 611
Depreciation of right-of-use assets 2,569 2,160
Amortization of intangible assets (included in cost of revenue,
research and development expenses) 15,784 12,784
Amortization of software license within one year
(included in research and development expenses) 885 3,673
Total depreciation and amortization 21,248 19,228
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8. INCOME TAX EXPENSE

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Six months ended June 30,
2024 2023
RMB’000 RMB’000
(Unaudited) (Unaudited)
Current income tax 11,399 9,111
Deferred tax (437) (2,850)
10,962 6,261
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Interim Report 2024

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

For the six months ended June 30, 2024

8. INCOME TAX EXPENSE (Continued)

Beijing Flowing Cloud has obtained the Software Enterprise Qualification during the year ended December 31, 2022. As at June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2024, the management assessed and concluded that, Beijing Flowing Cloud could continuously fulfil the requirements for qualifying tax incentives for software enterprises for the year ended December 31, 2023 and the year ending December 31, 2024. Therefore, Beijing Flowing Cloud was considered to be entitled the tax exemption for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and is considered to enjoy 50% reduction for the current period.

9. DIVIDENDS

No dividends were paid, declared or proposed during the six months ended June 30, 2024 (six months ended June 30, 2023: nil). The directors of the Company have determined that no dividend will be paid in respect of the six months ended June 30, 2024 (six months ended June 30, 2023: nil).

10. EARNINGS PER SHARE

The calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to owners of the Company is based on the following data:

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Six months ended June 30,
2024 2023
RMB’000 RMB’000
(Unaudited) (Unaudited)
Earnings
Earnings for the purpose of basic and diluted earnings per share
(profit for the period attributable to owners of the Company) 63,473 116,319
Number of shares
Weighted average number of ordinary shares for the purpose of basic
and diluted earnings per share 1,807,224 1,810,000
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During the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, there were no potential ordinary share outstanding with diluted impact.

Flowing Cloud Technology Ltd

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

For the six months ended June 30, 2024

11. INTANGIBLE ASSETS

During the six months ended June 30, 2024, the Group did not acquire any softwares or intellectual properties (six months ended June 30, 2023: softwares of RMB32,354,000 and intellectual properties of RMB14,151,000). Intellectual properties refer to the Group’s adaptation right for production of AR/VR SaaS pattern plates, AR/VR contents and games which are based on certain fictions, animation images and games acquired from the owners of these intellectual properties. These intangible assets have a term of 3 to 5 years.

12. EQUITY INSTRUMENTS AT FVTOCI

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----- Start of picture text -----

At June 30, At December 31,
2024 2023
RMB’000 RMB’000
(Unaudited) (Audited)
Listed
— Equity securities 93,671 112,456
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During the six months ended June 30, 2024, the Group has disposed certain equity investments at FVTOCI of RMB35,573,000 due to the change of investment strategy and the Group has recognised a total loss of fair value change of RMB32,103,000.

The fair value is determined by the quoted bid prices in an active market and the fair value hierarchy is categorized as Level 1.

Interim Report 2024

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

For the six months ended June 30, 2024

13. TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES AND DEPOSITS

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----- Start of picture text -----

At June 30, At December 31,
2024 2023
RMB’000 RMB’000
(Unaudited) (Audited)
Trade receivables 609,182 602,740
Less: Allowance for credit losses (40,265) (41,226)
568,917 561,514
Rental and other deposits 1,658 760
Other receivables 679 334
Less: Allowance for credit losses (59) (59)
Software license within one year 885 —
Others 3,962 3,235
7,125 4,270
Total trade and other receivables and deposits 576,042 565,784
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The Group usually allows a credit period of three to six months to its customers which is interest free with no collateral. Aging of trade receivables, net of allowance for credit losses, is prepared based on the date of the Group’s receipt of the bills from the customers, which approximates the respective revenue recognition dates, are as follows:

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----- Start of picture text -----

At June 30, At December 31,
2024 2023
RMB’000 RMB’000
(Unaudited) (Audited)
Within 6 months 342,300 374,830
6–12 months 190,184 171,893
1–2 years 36,433 14,791
568,917 561,514
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Flowing Cloud Technology Ltd

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

For the six months ended June 30, 2024

14. PREPAYMENTS

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----- Start of picture text -----

At June 30, At December 31,
2024 2023
RMB’000 RMB’000
(Unaudited) (Audited)
Prepayments for purchases of traffic 880,376 570,803
Prepayments for outsourcing service 36,413 14,753
Prepayments for intangible assets and other non-current assets 1,604 1,799
Other prepayments 1,889 6,615
920,282 593,970
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15. TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES

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----- Start of picture text -----

At June 30, At December 31,
2024 2023
RMB’000 RMB’000
(Unaudited) (Audited)
Trade payables 76,245 69,732
Employee compensation payable 4,668 6,170
Other tax payable 52,835 61,419
Payables for long-term assets 8,730 8,677
Other payables and accruals 1,017 2,078
143,495 148,076
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The following is an aged analysis of trade payables presented based on the date of billing documents.

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----- Start of picture text -----

At June 30, At December 31,
2024 2023
RMB’000 RMB’000
(Unaudited) (Audited)
Within 6 months 28,970 36,585
6–12 months 24,421 7,659
1–2 years 4,442 6,648
Over 2 years 18,412 18,840
76,245 69,732
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Interim Report 2024

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

For the six months ended June 30, 2024

16. BANK BORROWINGS

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----- Start of picture text -----

At June 30, At December 31,
2024 2023
RMB’000 RMB’000
(Unaudited) (Audited)
Bank borrowings payable within one year:
Unsecured 115,000 95,000
115,000 95,000
----- End of picture text -----

During the six months ended June 30, 2024, the Group obtained new bank loans amounting to RMB85,000,000 (six months ended June 30, 2023: RMB75,000,000). As at June 30, 2024, the loans with carrying amount of RMB20,000,000 (December 31, 2023: RMB25,000,000) carry interests at variable market rates ranging from 2.80% to 4.25% (December 31, 2023: 2.80% to 4.45%) and RMB95,000,000 (December 31, 2023: RMB70,000,000) carry interests at fixed market rates ranging from 4.00% to 5.80% (December 31, 2023: 4.00% to 5.80%) and are repayable within one year.

17. AMOUNT DUE TO CONTROLLING SHAREHOLDERS

The amount is unsecured, interest-free and repayable on June 2, 2026.

18. SHARE CAPITAL

	Number of ordinary shares	Nominal value of ordinary shares	Equivalent nominal value of ordinary shares
		USD	RMB’000
Ordinary shares of USD0.00001 each Authorised: At January 1, 2023, December 31, 2023, January 1, 2024 and June 30, 2024	5,000,000,000	50,000	319
Issued and fully paid: At January 1, 2023, December 31, 2023, January 1, 2024 and June 30, 2024	1,810,000,000	18,100	128

Flowing Cloud Technology Ltd

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

For the six months ended June 30, 2024

18. SHARE CAPITAL (Continued)

Month of repurchases No. of Ordinary shares	Priceper share Aggregated consideration paid Highest Lowest
	HK$ HK HK$’000
November, 2023 1,104,000 December, 2023 1,568,000 June, 2024 1,182,000	1.90 1.78 2,033 1.98 1.89 2,993 0.62 0.52 689

At June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the above ordinary shares repurchased were not cancelled and were recognized in treasury shares.

19. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

For the financial assets and financial liabilities that are not measured at fair value on a recurring basis, the management of the Group considers that the carrying amounts of financial assets and financial liabilities recorded at amortized cost in the condensed consolidated financial statements approximate their fair values.

20. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Other than as disclosed elsewhere in these consolidated financial statements, the Group has following transactions with related parties:

Compensation of key management personnel

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----- Start of picture text -----

Six months ended June 30,
2024 2023
RMB’000 RMB’000
(Unaudited) (Unaudited)
Salaries and other benefits 2,623 1,482
Contributions to retirement benefits scheme 305 234
Discretionary bonus 812 676
Termination benefits 397 —
Equity-settled share-based expense 4,585 —
8,722 2,392
----- End of picture text -----

Interim Report 2024

Definitions

“advertising customer(s)”	advertising customers include advertisers and their agents
“AI”	artificial intelligence
“AIGC”	AI generated content
“AR”	augmented reality, an interactive experience of a real-world environment where the
	objects that reside in the real world are enhanced by computer-generated perceptual
	information
“Audit Committee”	the audit committee of the Board
“associate”	has the meaning ascribed thereto under the Listing Rules
“Beijing Flowing Cloud”	Beijing Flowing Cloud Technology Co., Ltd.* (北京飛天雲動科技有限公司), a limited
	company established in the PRC on November 17, 2021 and an indirect wholly-
	owned subsidiary of the Company
“Board”	the board of Directors of the Company
“B-end”	business-end
“Chairman”	the chairman of the Board
“China” or “the PRC”	the People’s Republic of China excluding, for the purposes of this interim report, Hong
	Kong, the Macau Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China and
	Taiwan
“C-end”	customer-end
“Company” or “Flowing Cloud”	Flowing Cloud Technology Ltd, an exempted company incorporated in the Cayman
	Islands with limited liability on June 24, 2021, whose shares are listed on the Main
	Board of the Stock Exchange (Stock Code: 6610)
“Corporate Governance Code”	the Corporate Governance Code as set out in Appendix C1 to the Listing Rules
“Consolidated Affiliated Entities”	the entities the Group controls through the Contractual Arrangements
“Contractual Arrangements”	the series of contractual arrangements entered into by, among others, Beijing
	Flowing Cloud, the Consolidated Affiliated Entities and the Registered Shareholders
	(as defined in the Prospectus), the details of which are set out in the section headed
	“Contractual Arrangements” in the Prospectus
“Director(s)”	the director(s) of the Company or any one of them
“FVTOCI”	fair value through other comprehensive income

48 Flowing Cloud Technology Ltd

Definitions

“Group”, “our”, “we” or “us” the Company, its subsidiaries and the Consolidated Affiliated Entities at the relevant time

“Hong Kong dollars” or Hong Kong dollars, the lawful currency of Hong Kong “HK$”

“Hong Kong” the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the PRC

“IP” intellectual property “Listing” listing of the Shares on the Main Board of the Stock Exchange

“Listing Rules” the Rules Governing the Listing of Securities on The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited (as amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time)

“Main Board” the Main Board of the Stock Exchange

“Model Code” the Model Code for Securities Transactions by Directors of Listed Issuers contained in Appendix C3 to the Listing Rules

“MR” mixed reality, a blend of physical world and digital world

“Ophyer Technology” Beijing Ophyer Technology Shares Co., Ltd. (北京掌中飛天科技股份有限公司) (formerly known as Beijing Hengchuang Zhaoye Technology Co., Ltd. (北京恒創兆業科技有限公司) and Beijing Ophyer Technology Co., Ltd.* (北京掌中飛天科技有限公司)), a limited liability company established under the laws of the PRC on March 19, 2008 and one of the Consolidated Affiliated Entities “PGC” professionally generated content “Post-IPO Share Option Scheme” the post-IPO share option scheme conditionally adopted by the Company on September 8, 2022 “Prospectus” the prospectus issued by the Company dated September 29, 2022 “PUGC” professional user-generated content “R&D” research and development “Reporting Period” the six-month period from January 1, 2024 to June 30, 2024 “Renminbi” or “RMB” Renminbi Yuan, the lawful currency of China “SaaS” software as a service, a software licensing and delivery model in which software is licensed on a subscription basis and is centrally hosted “Share(s)” ordinary share(s) with nominal value of US$0.00001 each in the share capital of the Company

Interim Report 2024

Definitions

“Shareholder(s)”	holder(s) of Share(s)
“Stock Exchange”	The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited
“subsidiary” or “subsidiaries”	has the meaning ascribed thereto under the Listing Rules
“United States”	the United States of America, its territories, its possessions and all areas subject to its
	jurisdiction
“United States dollars” or “US$”	United States dollars, the lawful currency of the United States
“Virtual Live Streaming”	live streaming where real people use technology including motion capture and facial
	capture to control and animate virtual characters in real-time live streaming online
“VR”	virtual reality, the computer generated simulation of a three-dimensional image or
	environment that can be interacted with in a seemingly real or physical way
“XR”	extended reality, a combined term for AR, VR and MR
“%”	percent

The English names of PRC laws, regulations, governmental authorities, institutions, and of companies or entities established in the PRC included in this interim report are translations of their Chinese names or vice versa and are included for identification purposes only. In the event of inconsistency, the Chinese versions shall prevail.

The English names of the PRC entities mentioned in this interim report which are marked with “*” are translated, or transliterated from the Chinese name and are for identification purposes only.

Flowing Cloud Technology Ltd

AI assistant

Flowing Cloud Technology Ltd — Interim / Quarterly Report 2024

51007_rns_2024-09-26_fc55d355-9aaf-48a3-b2f8-06ea1e6bd3cd.pdf

Flowing Cloud Technology Ltd 飛天雲動科技有限公司

Contents

Corporate Information

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Executive Directors

AUDITOR

ZHONGHUI ANDA CPA Limited

Independent Non-executive Directors

Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu

JOINT COMPANY SECRETARIES

AUDIT COMMITTEE

REMUNERATION COMMITTEE

AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVES

REGISTERED OFFICE

CORPORATE HEADQUARTERS

NOMINATION COMMITTEE

PRINCIPAL PLACE OF BUSINESS IN HONG KONG

CAYMAN ISLANDS SHARE REGISTRAR AND TRANSFER OFFICE

Ogier Global (Cayman) Limited

HONG KONG BRANCH SHARE REGISTRAR

Tricor Investor Services Limited

PRINCIPAL BANKERS

Beijing Rural Commercial Bank Co., Ltd. Taoranting Branch

Bank of Nanjing Co. Beijing Branch

STOCK CODE

COMPANY WEBSITE

LEGAL ADVISOR

Morrison & Foerster

Jingtian & Gongcheng LLP

Financial Highlights

Management Discussion and Analysis

BUSINESS REVIEW

Business Update

AR/VR marketing services

AR/VR content services

AR/VR SaaS services

Operation of virtual human live streaming and the virtual human union

Management Discussion and Analysis

XR games

FUTURE OUTLOOK

Industry Overview

Policies

Explore core business

B-end business

C-end business

Virtual human live streaming and virtual human union

Enhance 3D assets R&D with AIGC

Continuous deployment of MR content

FINANCIAL REVIEW

Revenue

AR/VR marketing services

AR/VR content

AR/VR SaaS

Others

Cost of Revenue

AR/VR marketing services

Management Discussion and Analysis

AR/VR content

Gross Profit and Gross Margin

Other Income

Other Gains and Losses

Impairment Losses under Expected Credit Loss (“ECL”) model, Net of Reversal

Distribution and Selling Expenses

Administrative Expenses

Research and Development Expenses

Finance Costs

Income Tax Expense

Profit for the Period and Net Profit Margin

Intangible Assets

Contract Costs

Trade and Other Receivables and Deposits

Prepayments

Trade and other payables

Contract Liabilities

Bank Borrowings

Lease Liabilities

Management Discussion and Analysis

Flowing Cloud Technology Ltd Interim / Quarterly Report 2024