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Entra — Annual Report (ESEF) 2024
Mar 20, 2025
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Download source fileEntra ASA Annual Report 2024
Introduction
Entra at a glance
2024 in summary
Letter from the CEO
Highlights in 2024
The business
The property portfolio
Management portfolio
Letting and letting market
Project portfolio and property development
Transactions and transaction market
Partly owned companies
Contents
Board of Directors’ report
Strategy and performance
Strategy
Financial performance
Financing
Outlook
Governance and risks
Corporate governance
Board of Directors
Executive Management
Risk management
Share information
Shareholders
The Entra share
Sustainability
General information
Environmental information
Social information
Governance information
Appendices
Signatures from the Board and the CEO
Financials
Consolidated financial statements
Parent company financial statements
Statement from the Board and the CEO
Auditor’s report
Sustainability assurance report
Alternative performance measures
Appendices
List of properties
Definitions
Entra Annual Report 2024
Introduction to Entra
Entra is a leading owner, manager, and developer of office properties. The company has a large portfolio of centrally located high-quality properties in and around Oslo and in Bergen. Our business is characterised by solid tenants with long lease contracts and a high occupancy ratio. Letting and property management, project development and property transactions are the key value drivers for our company. Sustainability is an integrated part of our business, and environmental leadership has been an important part of our business strategy for many years. As a leading property owner and developer in the Norwegian market, we play an important role for the urban development in and around our property clusters. We seek to create a good atmosphere and safe surroundings in and around our buildings for the benefit of tenants, visitors, and others who live in or pass through the area.
Entra Annual Report 2024 | 3
Introduction
Entra at a glance
Leading owner, manager and developer of office properties in Norway
- Properties (#): 81
- Property portfolio: 1.3m sqm
- Market value portfolio: 61bn
- Avg. portfolio age: 8.5 yrs.
- WAULT: 6.3 yrs.
- Public tenants: 52%
- Occupancy: 94.3%
- CPI link: Near 100%
- Greater Oslo: 88%
- Bergen: 9%
- Stavanger: 3%
Entra Annual Report 2024 | 4
Introduction | Entra at a glance
| 2024 | 2023 | Change period-on-period | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rental income | 3 267 m | 3 418 m | -4 per cent |
| Cash Earnings per share | 7.11 | 7.37 | |
| LTV (Effective leverage) | 49.3 % | 54.0% | |
| Net income from property management | 1 308 m | 1 356 m | -4 per cent |
| Customer satisfaction score | 86 (area weighted) | 83 (average) | vs. industry average of 81 |
| Diversity (% women/men) | 39 / 61 | 37/63 | |
| GRESB Score | 89 | vs. GRESB average 76 | |
| EPRA Sustainability BPR Gold | |||
| Total GHG emissions | 15 870 (19 178) tCO2 eq | ||
| Taxonomy-aligned revenues | 54% (47%) | ||
| Energy consumption in management portfolio | 122 (123) kwh/sqm | ||
| BREEAM certification | 52% of property values | ||
| EPRA NRV per share | 162 | 167 | -3 per cent |
| Moody’s credit rating | Baa3 (Stable) | Baa3 (Stable) |
Entra Annual Report 2024 | 4
Introduction | Entra at a glance
2024 in summary
- Project development: Started up 56 000 sqm and completed 25 600 sqm of development projects. 71 600 sqm under development at year-end.
- Transaction activity: Sold the entire Trondheim portfolio, totalling 187 474 sqm. Sold two additional properties, totalling 15 250 sqm.
- Letting: Gross letting of 472 million (179 800 sqm); net letting of -76 million. Portfolio occupancy of 94.3 per cent at year-end.
- Financial performance
- Non-financial performance
Entra Annual Report 2024 | 5
Introduction | 2024 in summary
| All amounts in NOK million | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rental income | 3 267 | 3 418 | 3 158 | 2 508 | 2 353 |
| Change period-on-period | -4% | 8% | 26% | 7% | 1% |
| Net operating income | 2 991 | 3 136 | 2 895 | 2 274 | 2 142 |
| Change period-on-period | -5% | 8% | 27% | 6% | - |
| Net income from property management ¹, ² | 1 308 | 1 356 | 1 603 | 1 534 | 1 451 |
| Change period-on-period | -4% | -15% | 5% | 6% | -1% |
| Net value changes ¹ | -1 332 | -8 152 | -2 046 | 5 264 | -2 046 |
| Change period-on-period ¹ | -84% | 298% | -139% | -8% | -205% |
| Profit before tax ¹ | -56 | -6 868 | -467 | 6 825 | 7 274 |
| Change period-on-period | -99% | 1371% | -107% | -6% | 95% |
| Profit after tax ¹ | 75 | -5 582 | -569 | 5 373 | 5 696 |
| Change period-on-period | -101% | 881% | -111% | -6% | 77% |
| Market value of the property portfolio ² | 61 070 | 69 520 | 78 571 | 67 547 | 56 746 |
| Net nominal interest bearing debt ² | 31 400 | 39 291 | 40 578 | 26 594 | 20 930 |
| LTV (Effective leverage) ² | 49.3% | 54.0% | 50.1% | 38.4% | 36.4% |
| EPRA LTV ² | 52.9% | 57.2% | 52.8% | 40.6% | 37.0% |
| Interest coverage ratio ² | 1.91 | 1.84 | 2.48 | 3.68 | 3.50 |
| Net interest-bearing debt / EBITDA ² | 11.7 | 13.2 | 14.9 | 12.7 | 10.5 |
| Average outstanding shares (million) | 182.1 | 182.1 | 182.1 | 182.1 | 182.1 |
| All amounts in NOK per share ¹ | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EPRA NRV ² | 162 | 167 | 207 | 218 | 189 |
| Change period-on-period | -3% | -19% | -5% | 15% | 23% |
| EPRA NTA ² | 160 | 165 | 205 | 216 | 187 |
| Change period-on-period | -3% | -20% | -5% | 15% | 23% |
| EPRA Earnings ² | 5.13 | 5.37 | 6.45 | 6.07 | 5.73 |
| Change period-on-period | -4% | -17% | 6% | 6% | -1% |
| Cash Earnings ² | 7.11 | 7.37 | 8.63 | 8.32 | 7.83 |
| Change period-on-period | -4% | -15% | 4% | 6% | -2% |
| Dividend per share ³ | - | - | 5.10 | 5.10 | 4.90 |
| Change period-on-period | - | -100% | - | 4% | 4% |
1 Including continuing and discontinued operations
2 See the section "Alternative performance measures” for calculation of the key figure
3 Entra has a policy of semi-annual dividends. The Board’s current focus is to strengthen the company’s balance sheet. Consequently, the Board has decided not to use the authorisation to pay semi-annual dividend for the first half of 2024 nor to propose dividend for the second half of 2024. Entra’s dividend policy remains unchanged.
Entra Annual Report 2024 | 6
Introduction | 2024 in summary
| Net income from property management NOKm | Total assets NOKbn |
|---|---|
| Entra Annual Report 2024 | 6 |
| Introduction | 2024 in summary |
Letter from the CEO
Strengthened position and ready to seize growth opportunities when market rebounds
As we celebrate our 25 th anniversary in 2025, we conclude a chapter marked by capital market fluctuations and declining property values, with improvements in the second half of 2024. With the successful completion of our divestment programme, stringent capital discipline, and a new long-term financing structure in place, Entra is in a strong financial position. Entra operates within a solid Norwegian economy, supported by favourable office supply-demand dynamics. With our portfolio of centrally located, high-quality properties, along with a substantial project pipeline, Entra is uniquely positioned to capture future growth opportunities and continue creating value for our shareholders and customers.
Positive outlook for the Norwegian economy
Entra is well-positioned within a stable Norwegian economy, supported by low unemployment and positive prospects for employment growth and mainland GDP growth. It is difficult to predict how escalating geopolitical tensions and trade conflicts may impact inflation, interest rates, and overall economic conditions. With a strong Norwegian economy, supported by the sovereign wealth fund, fiscal policy will continue to stabilise the performance of the economy and smooth business cycles, as we have seen in the past.
Promising office market dynamics
Letting activity was high in 2024, marking the second highest gross letting over the past ten years. A slight slowdown in the letting market in the second half, and some notable terminations, left us with a negative net letting for the full year. Although letting activity slowed down in the second half of 2024, employment growth is expected to pick up with economic growth and continue to support office demand going forward. In Norway, we are witnessing a return to the office, however hybrid work models are prompting a reassessment of workspace needs, with less individual desks and more use for video conference- and meeting rooms, as well as social space. Customers who have already adopted to free seating and underutilisation show little change in occupied space, while those with assigned desks to all employees are reducing their space requirements as they transition to a more flexible work model. This means that letting processes take more time, and we are operating in a more competitive environment, as tenants reassess workplace solutions upon contract renegotiation.
Entra Annual Report 2024 | 7
Introduction | Letter from the CEO
Our customer portfolio, comprising large customers with high credit quality on long-term leases, is one of our key qualities. Entra aims to be the preferred choice for our customers and their employees every day, with the vision of creating offices where the most satisfied people work. Our size, and cluster strategy, enable us to offer a wide range of services cost-effectively, supporting our customers in motivating employees to work from the office. We continuously work to improve the customer experience through our service offerings, including project management for office modifications and workplace strategy advisory. In 2025, we will launch new health and training services for our tenants. With our portfolio of high-quality buildings at the most central communication hubs, offering convenient commutes and a relevant service offering, Entra is well positioned to meet current and future customer requirements. After several years of moderate newbuild activity, and with break-even rents for newbuilds currently below market rents, new supply will be limited in the years to come. The positive outlook for office demand, combined with a restrained supply side, support expectations of continued market rental growth. Entra’s portfolio is well positioned to capitalise on this market rental growth in the years to come.
Entra Annual Report 2024 | 7
Introduction | Letter from the CEO# Financial Strategy and Capital Management
The debt capital markets improved in 2024, marked by tightening credit margins and a more attractive bond market, particularly in the second half of the year. In Q1 2025, we successfully reintroduced Entra in the bond market and established a new long-term bank financing structure. This provides flexibility to leverage both bank and bond financing in the most cost-effective way at any given time. With this structure in place, we are also well prepared to navigate future market cycles. We are experiencing strong interest in financing Entra across all credit markets. Maintaining solid access to the bond market is a cornerstone of our financing strategy, ensuring a broad and diversified funding base at favourable costs. We will maintain a focus on disciplined capital allocation in 2025 through active asset management and asset rotation to maximise returns and enhance our portfolio. This approach aims to maintain headroom for the investment-grade rating, with the potential for a rating upgrade over time.
Market Turnaround and Growth Prospects
We are currently in a market turnaround. Entra’s property valuations turned positive in the second half of 2024, following nine consecutive quarters of negative value changes totalling 19 per cent since the peak. While the Eurozone has already implemented several rate cuts, the Norwegian Central Bank kept rates stable throughout 2024. Anticipated future rate cuts are expected to support continued positive development. In 2024, Entra completed two development projects on time with better yield on cost than expected. The completion of our four ongoing development projects will provide further rental income from late 2025 through 2026. Supported by favourable office market fundamentals, we are well positioned to provide further income growth through the letting of vacant space and pursuing market rent reversion in renegotiations. We continue to advance our significant project pipeline and will be ready to initiate new projects when the required rent levels can deliver accretive returns. The positive outlook for office demand, combined with a restrained supply side, support expectations of continued market rental growth. Entra’s portfolio is well positioned to capitalise on this market rental growth in the years to come.
Environmental Leadership
Entra has worked systematically with enhancing the environmental qualities of our property portfolio for more than fifteen years. With an energy efficient portfolio, and extensive experience in developing properties that align with future requirements, Entra is well-prepared to meet future regulatory requirements. We are observing increased focus on energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions from our tenants. This trend benefits Entra, given our strong environmental credentials, and we will continue to explore ways to commercialise our ESG strengths.
Celebrating 25 Years
In 2025, Entra celebrates its 25th anniversary. Entra was established by the Norwegian Government in 2000 and listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange in 2014. Entra has played a significant role in urban development across the cities we invest in, aiming to create long-term shareholder value and at the same time have a positive impact in the communities in which we operate. We have been a pioneer in demonstrating profitable development of buildings with high environmental qualities. Visionary employees have over time created a solid platform for value creation, benefitting shareholders, customers and the neighbourhoods where we invest. Our portfolio has been refined into one of Norway’s most attractive office property portfolios strategically focused on clusters at central hubs in the Greater Oslo area and Bergen. I would like to take the opportunity to acknowledge and thank everyone who has contributed to Entra’s value creation over these 25 years. It is a privilege, and truly inspiring, to work alongside a team of highly motivated and skilled professionals who consistently demonstrate resilience and adaptability to changing market conditions. With the enthusiasm, grit and dedication of the Entra team, we are well-equipped to navigate future challenges and capitalise on opportunities ahead.
Oslo, 13 March 2025
Sonja Horn
CEO of Entra ASA
It is a privilege, and truly inspiring, to work alongside a team of highly motivated and skilled professionals who consistently demonstrate resilience and adaptability to changing market conditions. With the enthusiasm, grit and dedication of the Entra team, we are well-equipped to navigate future challenges and capitalise on opportunities ahead.
Highlights in 2024
First quarter
Entra’s lease contracts were adjusted with a CPI indexation of approximately 4.8 per cent, effective from 1 January 2024. Entra signed a binding agreement for the sale of the Trondheim portfolio for a total consideration of 6.45 billion. Additionally, Entra agreed to sell the ongoing development project in Holtermanns veg 1–13 (phase 3) after completion.
Second quarter
The sale of the Trondheim portfolio was completed in May, significantly strengthening the company’s balance sheet and improving its debt metrics. Entra sold Universitetsgata 11 (Hotel Savoy) in Oslo for a total transaction value of 225 million. The proceeds were used to strengthen Entra's balance sheet. Redevelopment project at Schweigaards gate 15 in Oslo of 22 900 sqm was completed. Refurbishment project at Brynsengfaret 6 in Oslo of 35 400 sqm was started, with stepwise expected completion between Q1 and Q4 2025. Refurbishment project at Nonnesetergaten 4 in Bergen of 17 300 sqm was started, with stepwise expected completion between Q3 2025 and Q3 2026. Refurbishment project at Malmskriverveien 2 and 4 of 3 400 sqm was started, with expected completion in Q3 2025.
Third quarter
Newbuild project at Malmskriverveien 16 in Sandvika of 2 750 sqm was completed.
Fourth quarter
Entra sold Grenseveien 78B for a gross property value of 410 million. The proceeds were used to strengthen Entra's balance sheet.
The Business
Entra operates in the appealing Norwegian office real-estate market, with attractive, high-quality, and environmentally friendly properties located in clusters near public transportation hubs in central urban locations. As of year-end, the portfolio totals approximately 1.3 million square metres, and approximately 88 per cent of the management portfolio value is located in the Greater Oslo region.
The Property Portfolio
Geographic Exposure
As of 31 December 2024, Entra’s management properties located in Oslo constitute 77 per cent of the portfolio values whereas the properties located in Bergen constitute 9 per cent, Sandvika 8 per cent, Drammen 4 per cent and Stavanger 3 per cent. In May 2024, Entra divested the Trondheim portfolio.
| Location | Area (sqm) | Occupancy (%) | Wault (year) | Market value (NOK m) | Market rent (NOK/sqm) | Net yield (%) | Market rent (NOK m) | Market rent (NOK/sqm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oslo | 789 798 | 94.0 | 6.2 | 44 807 | 56 732 | 2 293 | 2 676 | 3 388 |
| Bergen | 123 485 | 95.2 | 4.7 | 5 531 | 44 791 | 309 | 361 | 2 924 |
| Sandvika | 132 091 | 93.1 | 6.3 | 4 404 | 33 337 | 272 | 277 | 2 099 |
| Drammen | 60 933 | 96.3 | 7.7 | 2 090 | 34 297 | 131 | 130 | 2 129 |
| Stavanger | 54 215 | 99.5 | 5.9 | 1 467 | 27 061 | 96 | 106 | 1 958 |
| Management portfolio | 1 160 522 | 94.3 | 6.1 | 58 299 | 50 235 | 3 101 | 3 550 | 3 059 |
| Project portfolio | 71 536 | 11.8 | 2 211 | 30 908 | ||||
| Development sites | 98 187 | 0.5 | 559 | 5 698 | ||||
| Property portfolio | 1 330 245 | 6.3 | 61 069 | 45 908 |
1 See the section “Definitions". The calculation of net yield is based on the appraisers’ assumption of ownership costs, which at 31.12.24 is 5.5 per cent of market rent.
Portfolio by Area
- Oslo 77%
- Bergen 9%
- Sandvika 8%
- Drammen 4%
- Stavanger 3%
Portfolio by Value
- Management portfolio 87%
- Project portfolio 5%
-
Development sites 7%
-
Management portfolio 95%
- Project portfolio 4%
- Development sites 1%
As of 31 December 2024, Entra’s property portfolio comprised 81 assets and 1 330 245 sqm, with a market value of 61.1 billion. A full list of the properties can be found on pages 260–261.
Valuation
All of Entra’s properties are every quarter valued by two external appraisers: Newsec and Cushman & Wakefield Realkapital. The market value of the portfolio in Entra’s balance sheet is based on the average of the appraisers’ valuation. Valuation of the management portfolio is performed on a property-by-property basis, using individual DCF models and taking into account the property’s current characteristics combined with the external appraiser’s estimated required rate of return and expectations on future market development. The market value is defined as the external appraiser’s estimated transaction value of the individual properties on valuation date. The project portfolio and development sites are valued based on the same principles, but with deduction for remaining investments and perceived risk as of valuation date. Unzoned land is valued based on the appraisers’ assumptions on the market value of the land using the best estimate on the zoning and development process.# Entra Annual Report 2024
The business | Management portfolio
Entra’s management portfolio consists of 73 buildings with a total area of approximately 1.2 million square metres. As of 31 December 2024, the management portfolio had a market value of 58.3 billion (66.4 billion), and the occupancy rate was 94.3 per cent (95.3 per cent). The weighted average unexpired terms for the Group’s leases were 6.1 years (6.1) for the management portfolio. Year-on-year, the portfolio net yield increased from 4.98 to 4.99 per cent. The 12 months rolling increased from NOK 2 570 per square metre to NOK 2 672 per square metre, whereas the portfolio market rent has increased from NOK 2 801 per square metre to NOK 3 059 per square metre.
Maturity profile of the management portfolio
| 1 NOKm | |
|---|---|
| 1 | The maturity profile provides an overview of annualised rents at the earliest possible termination dates. As such, a lease contract ending at the end of a year is included with the full annualised rent in the respective year. |
The business | Letting and letting market
Letting activity in 2024
Letting activity in 2024 The letting activity was strong in the first half of 2024, with a positive net letting, defined as new lease contracts plus lease-up on renegotiated contracts less terminated contracts, of 41 million. However, a slower letting market in the second half and a few large terminations resulted in net letting of -117 million in the second half of 2024. Gross letting in 2024 including renegotiated contracts was 472 million, and lease contracts with a total value of 326 million were terminated. Net letting came in at -76 million.
Letting market development
Office vacancy in the Oslo and Bergen area has increased slightly over the last two years but remains at low levels of around six to eight per cent. The work-from-home trend appears to have reversed in Norway, and the office activity is now less than 10 per cent lower than pre-pandemic levels. Demand for office space is only marginally impacted as tenants use peak presence at the office as the determining factor for space requirements. The activity in the letting market in the Oslo and Bergen area slowed down during 2024 as employment growth was limited, particularly in the private sector in Oslo. There has been a broad and robust growth in market rents over the last few years. Expectations for employment growth, combined with low vacancy and low newbuild volumes, provide room for continued market rental growth in the years to come. Entra adjusts leases yearly from 1 January, mostly based on the November CPI the previous year. The November CPI came in at 2.35 per cent in 2024, which will be reflected in Entra’s rental income from Q1 2025.
| Market data | 2022 | 2023 | 2024e | 2025e | 2026e | 2027e |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vacancy Oslo, incl. Fornebu and Lysaker (%) | 5.5 | 6.2 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 6.7 | 6.6 |
| Rent per sqm, high standard Oslo office | 4 000 | 4 260 | 4 433 | 4 570 | 4 811 | 5 000 |
| Prime yield (%) | 3.9 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.3 |
Source: Entra Consensus report, Q4 2024
Net letting (NOKm)
The largest contracts signed in 2024 were:
| Property | Tenant | Sqm | Contract Length |
|---|---|---|---|
| Allehelgensgate 6, Bergen | The Norwegian Police | 14 100 | Renegotiated 1 years |
| Brynsengfaret 6, Oslo | Municipality of Oslo | 9 800 | New 10 years |
| Karenlyst allé 7, Oslo | SATS | 3 100 | Renegotiated 7.75 years |
| Drammensveien 134, Oslo | Höegh Autoliners | 3 000 | Renegotiated 11.2 years |
| Drammensveien 134, Oslo | Höegh Evi | 2 600 | Renegotiated 10.7 years |
| Biskop Gunnerus gate 14 A, Oslo | Vitec Financial Services | 2 100 | Renegotiated 5 years |
| Fredrik Selmers vei 6, Oslo | Escape Travel | 2 100 | New and renegotiated 5.3 years |
| Tullins gate 2, Oslo | The Norwegian Association of Researchers | 1 400 | Renegotiated 5 years |
| Karenlyst allé 7, Oslo | Slettvoll | 1 300 | Renegotiated 5 years |
| Nedre Vollgate 11, Oslo | Maritim Pensjonskasse | 1 170 | Renegotiated 6 years |
| Langkaia 1, Oslo | The Norwegian Armed Forces | 1 100 | New 5 years |
| Nygårdsgaten 93-97, Bergen | Holberg Fondsforvaltning | 890 | New 10 years |
| Schweigaards gate 15, Oslo | The Norwegian State Housing Bank | 750 | New 10 years |
Occupancy in Entra’s management portfolio was 94.3 per cent on 31 December 2024 compared to 95.3 per cent on 31 December 2023. The decrease stems mainly from increased vacancy in the management portfolio in Oslo.
Occupancy in Entra's portfolio 94.3 %
2023: 95.3%
The business | Tenants and tenant structure
Entra’s tenant base comprises mainly of high-quality private tenants and public sector entities on long-term leases. At year-end 2024, public sector tenants accounted for 52 per cent of total contractual rent. As of 31 December 2024, the management properties had around 450 tenants, and the 20 largest tenants’ share of Entra’s rental income represents 50 per cent. The following table sets out Entra’s 20 largest tenants as of 31 December 2024.
| Tenant | % of total rent |
|---|---|
| Public sector | |
| Norwegian Tax administration | 4.0% |
| Municipality of Oslo | 4.0% |
| Norconsult | 3.6% |
| Sopra Steria | 3.5% |
| The National Library | 3.5% |
| Rebel U2 | 3.1% |
| The Norwegian Labour and Welfare Administration | 3.1% |
| The Norwegian Police | 3.1% |
| University of Oslo | 2.8% |
| Norwegian Defence | 2.8% |
| Yara | 2.0% |
| Schjødt | 1.9% |
| University of South-Eastern Norway | 1.8% |
| Municipality of Bærum | 1.8% |
| Municipality of Bergen | 1.7% |
| Norwegian Court | 1.7% |
| Posten Norge | 1.4% |
| Private tenant | 1.4% |
| Circle K | 1.3% |
| Amedia | 1.2% |
| Total top 20 | 49.9% |
Tenants: 450
The business | Project portfolio and property development
Property and project development is an important source of growth and value creation, and Entra has typically had 5–10 per cent of its portfolio in development. Entra has intentionally reduced the newbuild activity as market rents are below required break-even rents to initiate newbuild projects following several years of rising construction costs and higher capital costs. The company has considerable expertise and experience in zoning, planning, building and redevelopment of office properties and currently has 71 600 sqm under development.
Completed projects in 2024
Schweigaards gate 15, Oslo
In Schweigaards gate 15, Entra redeveloped a 22 900 sqm office building located near Oslo Central Station. The first part of the project was completed in Q2 2023, and the second part was completed in Q2 2024. The property was 93 per cent let at completion and is certified BREEAM-NOR Very Good.
Malmskriverveien 16, Sandvika
In Malmskriverveien 16 in Sandvika, Entra built a new 2 700 sqm school building. The project was completed in Q3 2024 and is fully let to Akademiet Realfagsgymnas. The property is certified BREEAM-NOR Excellent.
Ongoing project portfolio
As of 31 December 2024, Entra had four ongoing development projects with CapEx exceeding 100 million, with total project area of 71 600 sqm. These projects are presented below. A full list of the project properties can be found at the back of this report.
| Ownership | Location | BREEAM-NOR/ BREEAM In-Use | Completion | Project area sqm | Occupancy % | Total project cost¹ NOKm | Of which accrued¹ NOKm | Yield-on-cost² % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 100 | Trondheim | Excellent | Q4-25 | 15 500 | N/A³ | 684 | 496 | N/A⁴ |
| 100 | Oslo | Excellent | Q1 / Q4-25 | 35 400 | 76 | 1 327 | 1 035 | 5.8 |
| 100 | Bergen | Very good | Q3-25 / Q3-26 | 17 300 | 55 | 1 004 | 699 | 5.7 |
| 100 | Sandvika | Q3-25 | 3 400 | 100 | 201 | 147 | 5.3 | |
| Total | 71 600 | 71⁴ | 3 216 | 2 378 | 1 |
¹ Total project cost (including book value at date of investment decision/cost of land), excluding capitalised interest cost
² Estimated net rent (fully let) at completion/total project cost (including initial value)
³ Entra has agreed to sell Holtermanns veg 1–13 phase 3 upon completion. Occupancy and yield on cost on this project is not reported.
⁴ Weighted average occupancy of the project portfolio
Holtermanns veg 1–13 phase 3, Trondheim
In Holtermanns veg 1-13 in Trondheim, Entra is building a new office property totalling 15 500 sqm. The project involves the third and final phase of the development of the land plot, and the sections of the property are agreed sold to Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation (NRK) and E C Dahls Eiendom in two separate transactions. Both transactions will be closed upon project completion, expected in Q4 2025.
Brynsengfaret 6, Oslo
In Brynsengfaret 6 at Bryn in Oslo Entra is refurbishing a 35 400 sqm office building. The project is currently 76 per cent pre-let and the refurbishment will be completed stepwise in the period between Q1 and Q4 2025.
Nonnesetergaten 4, Bergen
In Nonnesetergaten 4 in the city centre of Bergen, Entra is refurbishing a 17 300 sqm office building. The project is currently 55 per cent pre-let and the refurbishment will be completed stepwise in the period between Q3 2025 and Q3 2026.
Malmskriverveien 2–4, Sandvika
In Malmskriverveien 2 and 4 in Sandvika, Entra is refurbishing a 3 400 sqm combined office building and courthouse. The project is 100 per cent pre-let to the District Court of Asker and Bærum and the refurbishment will be completed in Q3 2025.# Entra Annual Report 2024
The business
Project portfolio and property development
Development sites and project pipeline
Entra’s portfolio of development sites contains properties with zoned development potential of 98,187 sqm, but where no project start decision has been made. A list of the properties with defined land and development potential is included at the end of this report. In addition, Entra has the ability to zone an additional 270,000 to 300,000 sqm in the long-term pipeline.
98,187 sqm Total zoned development potential
Transactions and transaction market
Transaction market
The activity in the property transaction market was significantly reduced from 2021 to 2023 due to the market volatility driven by elevated inflation and a higher interest rate environment. However, the transaction volume increased from 56 billion to 83 billion from 2023 to 2024, and increasing activity is expected as interest rates and yields appear to have reached peak levels. The central bank of Norway has kept the policy rate at 4.50 per cent since December 2023 and has signalled a first rate cut in Q1 2025. Prime yield in Oslo is currently around 4.6 per cent, with certain transactions at sharper yields in the quarter, and yields are expected to decrease further going forward¹.
Transactions
In 2024, Entra sold the Trondheim portfolio for a total consideration of 6.45 billion, which significantly strengthened the company’s balance sheet and improved its debt metrics. Additionally, the company sold two other properties in Oslo. Entra’s asset divestment program was completed in 2024. Entra will continue to optimise its high-quality management and project portfolio through rotation and disciplined capital allocation. This approach allows Entra to adapt to customer feedback and market changes, and to seize market opportunities as they arise. Entra actively seeks to increase the value and maximise returns of its property portfolio and focus on selected properties and urban development projects in specific areas within its core markets. Targeted locations include both areas in the city centers and selected clusters at public transportation hubs.
¹ Source: Entra Consensus report, Q4 2024
Transaction volume Norway¹
| NOK bn | Transactions in 2023-2024 | Divested properties | Area | Transaction quarter | No of sqm | Gross asset value (NOKm) | Closing quarter |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sørkedalsveien 6 | Oslo | Q4 2022 | 21,850 | 1,230 | Q2 2023 | ||
| Grønland 32 | Drammen | Q1 2023 | 7,400 | 335 | Q1 2023 | ||
| Akersgata 51 and Tordenskiolds gate 6 | Oslo | Q2 2023 | 23,400 | 1,473 | Q2 2023 | ||
| Marken 37 | Bergen | Q4 2023 | 2,950 | 80 | Q1 2024 | ||
| Cort Adelers gate 30 | Oslo | Q4 2023 | 16,050 | 940 | Q1 2024 | ||
| Trondheim portfolio | Trondheim | Q1 2024 | 187,474 | 6,450 | Q2 2024 | ||
| Universitetsgata 11 (Hotel Savoy) | Oslo | Q2 2024 | 5,550 | 225 | Q2 2024 | ||
| Holtermanns veg 1-13 phase 3 | Trondheim | Q1/Q4 2024 | 15,500 | TBD² | Q4 2025 | ||
| Grenseveien 78B | Oslo | Q4 2024 | 9,700 | 410 | Q4 2024 | ||
| Total | 289,874 | 11,143 |
² Final gross asset value is dependent on the qualities the buyers require to be included in the project. Final gross asset value will be determined closer to closing.
Partly owned companies
The vast majority of Entra’s assets and development projects are wholly owned. In addition, Entra selectively gains access to properties and development projects through its shareholdings in subsidiaries and jointly controlled entities. Entra’s current ownership include the following companies:
-
Papirbredden Eiendom
Entra and Eidra, a company wholly owned by the Municipality of Drammen, own Papirbredden Eiendom. The company owns six properties totalling 61,100 sqm and a future development potential of 60,000 sqm in Drammen. The company is consolidated in the Group’s financial statements.
50% -
Entra OPF Utvikling
Entra and Oslo Pensjonsforsikring (OPF) own Entra OPF Utvikling. The company owns two office properties totalling 59,800 sqm in Bergen. The company is consolidated in the Group’s financial statements as Entra has a controlling vote on the Board of Directors.
50% -
Oslo S Utvikling
Oslo S Utvikling is a property development company that is primarily undertakes residential development in Bjørvika in Oslo’s CBD East.
60% -
Rebel U2
Rebel U2 is the operator of the technology hub in Universitetsgata 2 in Oslo. The company offers full-service solutions, flexible and short-term leases, co-working facilities as well as conference and event activity.
33.3% -
Galleri Oslo Invest
Galleri Oslo Invest is a joint venture with the two other owners of the property Schweigaards gate 6–14 in Oslo (“Galleri Oslo”). The company owns and manages 10.6 per cent of Galleri Oslo.
50%
Strategy and performance
Strategy
In 2024, Entra's like-for-like rental income, including project development, increased by 135 million, offset by divestments representing a decrease in rental income by 286 million. Additionally, Entra significantly strengthened the Company’s balance sheet and improved its debt metrics through the successful completion of its asset divestment program and capital discipline. Two development projects were completed on time and with higher yield on cost than anticipated at the project start. Property values bottomed out during the year and increased slightly in the second half. Entra will continue to optimise its high-quality management and project portfolio through asset rotation and disciplined capital allocation. Maintaining good access to the bond market is an important part of Entra’s financing strategy to ensure a broad funding base at a favourable cost, and the Company targets to maintain an investment grade rating throughout all parts of the cycle, as it has done in the past. To support this, the Board proposes that no dividend will be paid for 2024.
Part of the Board of Directors’ report
Strategy
Entra's strategic framework is designed to guide the company towards achieving its long-term goals, focusing on creating long-term value for its shareholders, tenants and the society.
- Mission: Entra will be the frontrunner in developing and managing forward-thinking, sustainable office environments that create added value for tenants and enthusiasm among customers and the community.
- Vision: The most satisfied people work in Entra buildings.
- Core values: Innovative | Responsible | Hands-on | One team
- Business strategy: Create value through three pillars: profitable growth, being the preferred office provider and environmental leadership.
- Geographic focus: Selected clusters at public transportation hubs in central urban locations in and around Oslo and in Bergen.
Profitable growth
The preferred office provider
Environmental leadership
Vision
Entra’s vision, 'The most satisfied people work in Entra buildings', reflects our commitment to include everyone who works in our buildings as customers. This includes not only the 450 tenants but also over 50,000 users. By expanding the definition of the customer base, the company has enhanced its strategic positioning and improved interaction with all customers.
Business strategy
Entra’s business strategy is focused on creating long-term shareholder value through (i) profitable growth, (ii) being the preferred office provider and (iii) environmental leadership.
Profitable growth
Profitable growth is a cornerstone of Entra’s value creation strategy, ensuring that every business decision and investment align with the objective to maximise long-term shareholder value. Letting and property management, project development, and property transactions are the key value drivers for the company. The key value driver 'letting and property management' is detailed in the section that outlines the strategic pillar 'The preferred office provider'.
Project development
Typically, the company has had 5-10 per cent of its portfolio in project development. Project development has been brought down over the last years as current market rents are below required break-even rents needed to initiate newbuild projects. This discrepancy between newbuild costs and market rents has arisen after several years of rising construction costs and higher capital costs. Entra has established a proven track record of completing attractive newbuild and redevelopment projects by leveraging our extensive experience with zoning, planning, building and redeveloping high-quality, environmentally friendly office properties. The company has achieved an average valuation uplift of 23 per cent on development projects over the last decade, calculated as the difference between project cost, including initial property value, and valuation at completion. In 2024, Entra finalised one newbuild project and one redevelopment project, totalling 25,600 sqm. Additionally, during 2024, Entra commenced three refurbishment projects, with the portfolio of ongoing projects as of 31 December 2024 consisting of four projects totalling 71,600 sqm. Entra has significant development potential in its landbank, with approximately 100,000 sqm of zoned areas and the ability to zone an additional 270,000 to 300,000 sqm in the long-term pipeline. This development potential is centrally located in attractive areas within the company's existing clusters and represents an opportunity for accretive growth over time.# Property transactions
Entra will continue to optimise its high-quality management and project portfolio through asset rotation and disciplined capital allocation. This approach allows Entra to adapt to customer feedback and market changes, and to seize market opportunities as they arise. Entra actively seeks to increase the value and maximise returns of its property portfolio and focus on selected properties and urban development projects within specific areas in its core markets. Targeted locations include both areas in the city centres and selected clusters near public transportation hubs.
Access to financing
The company has a strong financial profile and solid balance sheet, as well as a proven track record in accessing external capital resources on favourable terms. These factors have been, and will continue to be, fundamental for our profitable growth. In 2024, credit markets have improved significantly, with credit margins improving throughout the year and a sharp increase in debt capital markets liquidity. Entra, with its investment grade credit rating, is well positioned to capitalise on the favourable development in debt capital markets, accessing longer-term financing at increasingly more attractive terms.
Consistent financial performance
Entra has experienced steady growth in rental income over the past decade, achieving a CAGR of 6 per cent. EPRA NRV per share has grown with a CAGR of 7 per cent, 9 per cent when dividends are included in the last decade. Cash earnings per share have increased with a CAGR of 5 per cent during the same period. Entra consciously does not have any growth targets, as returns are a higher priority. However, Entra will be rational in allocating capital where it is most accretive, whether in developments, acquisitions, share buybacks, dividends, or other areas. As long as Entra finds attractive investment opportunities, the company will continue to grow.
The preferred office provider
One of Entra’s primary goals is to provide an outstanding customer experience and be the natural first choice for office space in Norway. High customer satisfaction is a top priority to ensure a high lease renewal rate, attract new customers and reinforce our reputation as the preferred landlord, thereby maximising value creation.
Location and scale
Our cluster strategy enables us to more easily offer increased flexibility that our customers are increasingly demanding. Being located in the two largest cities, Oslo and Bergen, near central communication hubs, has become even more important post- COVID to bring employees back to the office. Entra’s significant size in our markets is cost-efficient, reduces single tenant risk, increases our relevance to tenants, and strengthens our ability to undertake interesting development projects. A strong presence in an area makes it possible to invest in urban qualities and city development, increasing market rent while simultaneously benefiting from a larger portfolio.
Letting and property management
To ensure a high-quality customer journey, property management is handled by Entra employees, supported by a dedicated customer service centre to ensure consistent and timely follow-up on tenant enquiries. The customer service centre plays an important role in enhancing customer satisfaction. In 2024, Entra achieved high customer satisfaction scores, with an area-weighted score of 86 and an average score of 83, both surpassing the industry average of 81 in the Norwegian Tenant Index, which measures customer satisfaction within the commercial real estate sector. By actively maintaining strong relationships with tenants, Entra aims to achieve high customer satisfaction and maximise lease renewal rates. Focusing on ‘customers first’ ensures long-term tenant loyalty and attracts new tenants. Entra prioritises early engagement with its existing tenants, well ahead of their lease maturities. The company collaborates with tenants to design workspaces that meet their current needs and future requirements. Adopting, utilising, and investing in new technology are core priorities for Entra. Entra’s tenant base primarily comprises high-quality private tenants and public sector entities on long-term leases. Entra has a long track record of maintaining a high occupancy rate and long WAULT thanks to its centrally located, high-quality portfolio and professional letting organisation.
Environmental leadership
Environmental leadership entails that Entra shall be at the forefront of commercialising environmental initiatives in order to maximise long-term value creation. Entra’s environmental strategy is designed to support the aforementioned goal and is based on the company’s double materiality analysis. It aims to reduce negative impacts and risks while increasing positive impacts and opportunities related to climate change, resource use, and circular economy.
Entra’s key environmental ambitions is to:
* Adapt the property portfolio and operations to ensure resilience against future climate change impacts
* Reduce greenhouse gas emissions from our own operations and value chain, in line with the 1.5-degree target and achieve climate neutrality by 2050
* Build properties located in clusters around public transportation hubs
* Enhance energy efficiency and increase the use of renewable energy
* Limit the consumption of resources and increase circularity
Environment leadership has been a part of Entra’s business strategy for more than 15 years. This serves as a competitive advantage, with investments already made and built-up expertise, ensuring that the company stays ahead of regulatory requirements and market expectations. Entra, and the company's tenants and investors, will increasingly be evaluated based on our environmental footprint. Therefore, Entra believes that leading in this area will benefit both shareholder value and customers. We will continuously support our stakeholders in fulfilling their environmental ambitions, at regular commercial terms and return requirements, maintaining long-term value creation. Entra's ESG performance is rated by the Global Real Estate Sustainability Benchmark (GRESB). In 2024, Entra received a score of 89, against the average of 76. In 2024, Entra also received Gold level compliance with The European Real Estate Association (EPRA) Sustainability Best Practices Recommendations (sBPR). 52 per cent of the company's value-weighted property portfolio is BREEAM certified Very Good or better.
Financial performance
Entra had rental income of 3 267 million (3 418 million) in 2024. Net operating income was 2 991 million (3 136 million) and net income from property management was 1 308 million (1 356 million). Net negative value changes were 1 332 million (8 152 million) and profit after tax was 75 million (-5 582 million). Entra’s tenant base is solid, with a backbone of public and high-quality private tenants, and weighted average unexpired terms for the Group’s leases of 6.3 years. Entra signed new and renegotiated leases with an annual rent totalling 472 million. Net letting for the year was -76 million.
Results
On 31 May 2024, Entra divested all management properties in Trondheim. The Trondheim portfolio is classified as a discontinued operation, and Entra presents the result of the discontinued operations separately as a single amount in the statement of comprehensive income for both periods presented in the statement of comprehensive income. The financial development is in the Board of Directors’ report commented on for the continuing and the discontinued operations combined. See Note 28 to the consolidated financial statements for the combined statement of comprehensive income for the continuing and the discontinued operations.
Rental income
Rental income was down by 4 per cent from 3 418 million in 2023 to 3 267 million in 2024. The decreased rental income is explained in the table below.
| 2023–2024 | |
|---|---|
| Rental income previous period | 3 418 |
| Finalised development projects | 140 |
| Vacated properties for redevelopment | -83 |
| Divestments | -286 |
| CPI growth | 130 |
| Like-for-like growth above CPI | -48 |
| Other | -4 |
| Rental income | 3 267 |
Projects finalised in 2023 and 2024 with most impact on the increase in rental income include Stenersgata 1, Schweigaards gate 15 (Tollgaarden), Holtermanns veg 1-3 phase 2 and Nedre Vollgate 11. The most significant properties vacated for redevelopment include Brynsengfaret 6 in Oslo and Nonnesetergaten 4 in Bergen. The reduction in income related to divestments is primarily due to the sale of the Trondheim portfolio, which accounted for a reduction of 173 million, in addition to the divestments of Sørkedalsveien 6, Akersgata 51, Cort Adelers gate 30, Grønland 32, Tordenskiolds gate 6, Universitetsgata 11 (Hotel Savoy), Marken 37 and Grenseveien 78B. The CPI adjustment effective from 1 January 2024 was 4.8 per cent (130 million compared to last year). The like-for-like growth for the year was 82 million, equivalent to 2.9 per cent, lower than the CPI adjustment due to reduced occupancy in the period. Nearly all of Entra’s lease contracts are 100 per cent linked to positive changes in CPI. The annual adjustment is mostly made on a November to November basis, effective 1 January the following year.# Strategy and performance
Financial performance
Part of the Board of Director's report
CPI growth came in at 2.4 per cent with effect on rental income from 1 January 2025. Average 12 months rolling rent per square meter was 2 672 (2 570) as of 31.12.24. The increase in 12 months rolling rent over the last four quarters is mainly a result of finalised projects, the divestment of the Trondheim portfolio and CPI growth with higher income per sqm.
Rent (12m rolling) per sqm and occupancy rate
The occupancy rate was 94.3 per cent (95.3 per cent) as of 31 December 2024. The decrease stems primarily from increased vacancy in the management portfolio in Oslo. The market rental income of vacant space as of 31.12.24 is estimated to 202 million on an annualised basis.
Operating costs
Total operating costs amounted to 276 million (282 million). The divestment of the discontinued operations accounted for a decrease of 16 million in 2024. Operating costs for the continuing operations are split as follows:
| All amounts in NOK million | 2024 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Maintenance | 30 | 24 |
| Property tax, leasehold and insurance | 70 | 64 |
| Letting and property administration | 95 | 94 |
| Direct property costs | 69 | 73 |
| Operating costs | 264 | 255 |
Net operating income
As a consequence of the effects explained above, total net operating income came in at 2 991 million (3 136 million).
Other revenues and other costs
Other revenues were 631 million (92 million) in 2024, while other costs were 585 million (67 million). Entra has agreed to sell all the sections of the ongoing development project Holtermanns veg 1-13 phase 3 in Trondheim. The transaction will be closed upon completion of the project. The development project was consequently reclassified from investment properties to contract assets in 2024. The reclassification impacted both other revenues and other cost by 371 million. From the reclassification until completion of the project and the delivery of the sections to the buyers, Entra will recognise the remaining revenue and cost over time based on the stage of completion of the project. The net effect of the development project in 2024 was 18 million. In addition, other revenue and other costs mainly consist of additional services provided to tenants and income and costs related to inventory properties, i.e., properties expected to be zoned for residential development at Bryn in Oslo, and subsequently sold to a third party at a predetermined price.
Administrative costs
Administrative costs amounted to 199 million (185 million) in 2024. The increase is mainly due to wage growth and higher outcome under performance-related employee pay schemes in 2024. Administrative costs were only marginally affected by the divestment of the Trondheim portfolio.
Share of profit from associates and JVs
Entra’s share of profit from associates and JVs was -42 million (-72 million) in 2024 and is composed as follows:
| All amounts in NOK million | 2024 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Net income | -43 | -47 |
| Changes in market value | -9 | -29 |
| Tax | 10 | 4 |
| Share of profit from associates and JVs | -42 | -72 |
The share of profit from associates and JVs was negative in 2024, mainly due to limited completion and delivery of residential apartments by the JV Oslo S Utvikling. The reduction in negative share of profit from associates and JVs from 2023 is primarily driven by lower negative value changes in the joint venture Galleri Oslo Invest.
Net realised financials
Net realised financials was down 99 million from -1 620 million in 2023 to -1 521 million in 2024, mainly as a result of a reduction in interest-bearing debt following divestments, partly offset by higher interest rates in 2024 compared to 2023.
Net income
Net income came in at 1 276 million (1 284 million). When including only the profit from property management in the results from associates and JVs, net income from property management for the Group was 1 308 million, a decrease of 4 per cent from 2023 (1 356 million). Reference is made to the alternative performance measures section of this report for the calculation of net income from property management.
Net income from property management per share
Value changes
Total net value changes amounted to -1 332 million (-8 152 million) in 2024, including a gain of 397 million from the sale of discontinued operations. Changes in value of investment properties were -1 894 million (-8 148 million), predominantly due to the appraisers reducing the inflation expectations and increasing the discount rates. The negative value change of 2 129 million in the first half of 2024 was partly offset by a positive value change of 309 million in the second half following the appraisers slightly decreasing the discount rates and increasing market rents. The negative value changes were further offset by a 397 million gain on the divestment of Trondheim, mainly due to the deferred tax liabilities of the Trondheim portfolio exceeding the tax deduction in the net proceeds. Changes in value of financial instruments were 165 million (-4 million), mainly explained by higher long- and medium-term market interest rates.
Tax
Tax payable of 13 million (13 million) is related to the partly owned entity Papirbredden in Drammen. Entra, with its wholly owned subsidiaries, is not in a tax payable position. The change in deferred tax was 144 million (1 299 million).
Profit
Profit before tax was -56 million (-6 868 million), whereas profit after tax was 75 million (-5 582 million). Total comprehensive income for the period was 85 million (-5 588 million).
Balance sheet
The Group’s assets amounted to 64 451 million (73 336 million) as of 31.12.24. Of this, investment properties amounted to 60 471 million (69 490 million including investment properties held for sale). The decrease is mainly driven by divestment of properties amounting to 8 068 million, of which the Trondheim portfolio accounted for 6 560 million. Inventory properties of 495 million (481 million) at the end of the year relates to the properties expected to be zoned for residential development at Bryn in Oslo, and subsequently sold to a third party at a predetermined price. Borrowings were 31 396 million (39 115 million) as of 31.12.24, of which 13 359 million were bank financing, 15 887 million were bonds outstanding and 2 150 million were commercial papers. Nominal interest-bearing debt was 31 665 million (39 463 million) and net nominal interest-bearing debt after deduction of bank deposits was 31 400 million (39 291 million). Book equity totalled 25 557 million (25 555 million) at 31.12.24. EPRA NRV per share was 162 (167) and EPRA NTA 160 (165).
Cash flows
Net cash flows from operating activities came to 1 353 million (1 378 million) in 2024. The decrease is lower than the reduction in net income from property management due to working capital movements. The net cash flows from investment activities were 6 626 million (562 million). Proceeds from property transactions of 7 738 million (2 372 million) is related to the divestments of the Trondheim portfolio, Cort Adelers gate 30, Universitetsgata 11 (Hotel Savoy), Grenseveien 78B and Marken 37. The cash effect from investment in and upgrading of investment properties was -1 402 million (-1 765 million) and investments related to contract assets was -133 million. Net cash flows to financing activities were -7 885 million (-1 995 million) in 2024. Net repayment of interest-bearing debt was 7 798 million in 2024 (1 464 million). During 2024, Entra had a net decrease in bank financing of 9 024 million and bond financing of 924 million, partly offset by an increase in commercial paper financing of 2150 million. Dividends paid to non-controlling interests were 80 million (70 million) in 2024. The dividends were paid to the non-controlling interests in Entra OPF Utvikling and Papirbredden Eiendom. The net change in cash and cash equivalents was 94 million (-54 million) for 2024.
Parent company performance and allocations
In 2024, the parent company Entra ASA made a profit after tax 2 471 million (loss of -1 352 million), as set out in the financial statements prepared in accordance with the Norwegian Accounting Act and Norwegian generally accepted accounting principles. To further strengthen the company’s balance sheet and debt metrics, the Board has decided not to propose distributing dividends for 2024. Entra’s dividend policy remains unchanged.
Financing
The Group’s financing is diversified between bank and capital market instruments. The nominal interest-bearing debt of 31 665 million as of year-end has a diversified maturity structure, with an average time to maturity of 3.1 years (3.8 years). As a general principle, Entra’s financing is based on a negative pledge of the Group’s assets that enables a broad and flexible financing mix. Entra has strong banking relationships, and currently has significant business activities with five of the top six Nordic commercial banks. Entra is also a large issuer of bonds in the Norwegian market.# Strategy and performance | Financing
Part of the Board of Director's report
During the year, Entra’s interest-bearing nominal debt decreased by 7 798 million to 31 665 million (39 463 billion). The decrease in interest-bearing debt is mainly due to divestments of properties. The change in interest-bearing debt comprised a decrease in bank financing of 9 024 billion and a decrease in bond financing of 924 million, partly offset by an increase in commercial financing of 2 150 million.
The capital markets funding as of 31 December 2024 consisted of outstanding bonds totalling 16 138 million (17 062 million) and commercial papers totalling 2 150 million (nil). This accounted for 58 per cent of Entra’s total interest-bearing debt. Bank funding of 13 377 million (22 401 million) represents the remaining part of the financing mix. The Group’s bank facilities are mainly revolving credit facilities at the ultimate parent company, which enables active liquidity management by adjusting the facilities according to any ongoing cash needs or surplus.
The Group’s liquid assets amounted to 264 million (171 million) as of 31 December 2024. Net nominal interest-bearing debt after deduction of liquid assets was 31 400 million (39 291 million). In addition, the Group had committed unutilised credit facilities totalling 14 145 million (6 473 million).
Entra has access to 'green financing' from debt investors, banks and other financial institutions. As of 31 December 2024, 55 per cent of Entra’s financing was 'green' according to the relevant industry standards. Entra is well-positioned to utilise this conditional and favourable capital source, as the development and management portfolio consist of many highly environment- friendly and BREEAM certified properties. Entra is established as a high-quality green bond issuer and has since 2016 issued 13 green bonds with a total outstanding nominal amount of 16 billion.
Maturity profile and composition of interest-bearing debt
Maturity profile
| 0–1 yrs | 1–2 yrs | 2–3 yrs | 3–4 yrs | 4+ yrs | Total | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commercial papers (NOKm) | 2 150 | - | - | - | - | 2 150 | 7 |
| Bonds (NOKm) | 1 600 | 4 029 | 594 | 2 000 | 7 915 | 16 138 | 51 |
| Bank loans (NOKm) | 4 165 | 5 744 | 2 468 | - | 1 000 | 13 377 | 42 |
| Total (NOKm) | 7 915 | 9 773 | 3 062 | 2 000 | 8 915 | 31 665 | 100 |
| Unutilised credit facilities (NOKm) | 1 335 | 12 810 | - | - | - | 14 145 | |
| Unutilised credit facilities (%) | 9 | 91 | - | - | - | 100 |
Interest rates and maturity structure
The Group’s average nominal interest rate as of 31 December 2024 was 3.97 per cent (4.29 per cent), compared to a reference rate (Nibor) of 4.67 per cent as of the reporting date. The average floating interest rate is impacted by Nibor interest rate fixings, both in terms of duration and fixing date. The reduction in average interest rate is mainly due to repayment of the most expensive debt the following divestment of properties. The average effective interest rate is higher than the nominal interest rate mainly due to bond issuances below par value.
As of 31 December 2024, Entra’s portfolio of fixed interest rate hedges had a total volume of 21 589 million (22 889 million) equivalent to a fixed rate hedge position of 68.2 per cent (58.0 per cent) and an average term to maturity of 3.5 years (4.2 years). As of 31 December 2024, credit margins for the debt portfolio had a weighted average fixed term of 2.4 years (2.6 years).
The Group manages interest rate risk through floating-to-fixed interest rate swaps and fixed rate bonds. The table below shows the maturity profile and contribution from these fixed rate instruments, as well as the maturity profile for credit margins on debt.
Fixed rate instruments
| Amount (NOKm) | Interest rate (%) | Amount | Interest rate (%) | Tenor (years) | Amount (NOKm) | Credit margin (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <1 year | 4 100 | 2.37 | 11 177 | 1.09 | |||
| 1–2 years | 4 239 | 2.05 | 1 400 | 2.51 | 7.0 | 7 479 | 1.08 |
| 2–3 years | 1 050 | 2.10 | 2 094 | 0.86 | |||
| 3–4 years | 3 000 | 1.80 | 2 000 | 0.84 | |||
| 4–5 years | 1 900 | 1.54 | 4 100 | 0.48 | |||
| 5–6 years | 3 800 | 2.19 | 4 315 | 0.58 | |||
| 6–7 years | 100 | 1.75 | 500 | 0.85 | |||
| 7–8 years | 1 200 | 2.80 | - | - | |||
| 8–9 years | 800 | 3.31 | - | - | |||
| 9–10 years | - | - | - | - | |||
| >10 years | - | - | - | - | |||
| Total | 20 189 | 2.15 | 1 400 | 2.51 | 7.0 | 31 665 | 0.90 |
| 1 Excluding forward starting swaps and credit margins on fixed rate bonds (credit margins are displayed in the table to the right) | |||||||
| 2 The table displays future starting point, notional principle amount, average fixed rate and tenor for forward starting swaps |
Investment grade
Entra has an investment grade credit rating assigned by Moody’s at Baa3 with Stable Outlook. In the latest credit opinion as of June 2024, Moody’s made the following comment: 'Entra's Baa3 rating continues to reflect its position as the largest office property company in Norway with its modern, high-quality NOK 67 billion (before divestments of Trondheim assets) office property portfolio in attractive locations on the fringes of the central business district (CBD) in Oslo; clear, well-defined strategy focusing on offices in Norway's two largest cities and government tenants; large exposure to highly creditworthy government and public tenants (57 per cent) with long-dated average lease maturities (6.4 years including project properties as of March 2024); and consistently high occupancy rates of 95.3 per cent across all cities.'
The Moody’s Baa3 rating contributes to credit availability for Entra in domestic and international debt capital markets and enables Entra to maintain its debt maturity profile.
Financing policy and status
The Group has historically had a conservative financial strategy that secures financial flexibility throughout an economic cycle. In this respect, Entra’s financial profile is characterised by a diversified debt maturity and an ample liquidity position.
Entra targets a loan- to-value (LTV) ratio which shall be below 50 per cent over time. The Group’s LTV ratio, measured by effective leverage, which is the LTV metric used for Moody’s credit rating, as at 31 December 2024 was 49.3 per cent, down from 54.0 per cent at year-end 2023. The EPRA LTV decreased to 52.9 per cent (57.2 per cent) at year-end 2024. The decreased LTV ratios are mainly due to divestments of properties.
The interest coverage ratio increased to 1.91 in 2024 from 1.84 in 2023. The positive change in ICR stems mainly from lower interest cost following repayment of interest-bearing debt after the divestment of the Trondheim portfolio, partly offset by a reduction in rental income due to the divestments.
Entra has a debt maturity profile with moderate short-term debt maturities. Following year-end, Entra has issued new bonds totalling 3 100 million with 3 and 5-year tenors. In connection with the bond issuances, Entra has bought back existing short-term bonds totalling 543 million. The net amount from the bond transactions of 2 557 million has been used to reduce outstanding amounts on Entra’s revolving bank facilities. Further, Entra has in February 2025 obtained bank refinancing commitments with at total volume of 20.2 billion bringing the weighted average maturities of these facilities up to 3.5 years from 1.3 years. The average remaining term for the Group's debt portfolio was 3.1 years as of 31.12.24 (3.8 years as of 31.12.23). Adjusted for financing activities after year-end the average remaining term for the debt portfolio is 4.1 years. The calculation takes into account that available long-term credit facilities can replace short-term debt.
The Group manages financial risk in accordance with a framework included in its financial policy. The main financial risks, in addition to financial leverage referred to above, are interest rate risk, financing and liquidity risk. The Group’s financial policy is revised by the Board at least on an annual basis. Entra’s covenants as shown below are defined in the bank agreements. There are no debt metric covenants in the bond agreements.
Financial risk
| 31.12.2024 | Internal finance policy | Financial covenant | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Financial leverage | |||
| LTV (Effective leverage) | 49.3% | Below 50 per cent over time | Below 75 per cent |
| EPRA LTV | 52.9% | N/A | N/A |
| Financing risk | |||
| Back-stop of short-term interest-bearing debt | 179% | Min. 100% | N/A |
| Average time to maturity (debt) | 3.1 years | Min. 3 years | N/A |
| Debt maturities <12 months | 25% | Max 30% | N/A |
| Interest rate risk | |||
| Interest coverage ratio (ICR) – last 12 months | 1.91x | Min. 1.80x | Min. 1.40x |
| Average time to maturity of interest rate hedge portfolio | 3.5 years | 2-6 years | N/A |
| Average fixed interest term of the Group's debt portfolio | 2.4 years | N/A | N/A |
| Maturity of hedges <12 months | 45% | Max 50% | N/A |
| Credit risk / currency exposure | |||
| Counterpart's credit rating | Fulfilled | Min. A-/A3 | N/A |
| Share of debt per counterparty | Fulfilled | Max. 40% | N/A |
| Currency exposure | Fulfilled | - | N/A |
Outlook
The strong Norwegian economy has performed well over the last few years, despite broader geopolitical and macroeconomic uncertainties that have intensified further in 2025. The unemployment rate remains low at 2.2 per cent, and the growth in employment is expected to pick up in 2025. The solid fiscal position of Norway, with an all-time high sovereign wealth fund, has supported an expansionary fiscal policy, smoothened business cycles and stabilised the performance of the Norwegian economy. Monetary policy is expected to provide further stimulus through rate cuts in 2025 and 2026. Combined, this points to a pick-up in economic activity in 2025.# Strategy and performance | Outlook
Part of the Board of Director's report
The long-term demand for offices should remain strong, underpinned by Norwegian macro outlook, urbanisation trends, and the limited supply of new office capacity following reduced starts of new office projects in recent years. The impact on demand from the work-from-home trend has been limited in Norway, which contrasts what is reported from several other countries. Rental levels are still low compared to newbuilding costs, and thus Entra expects continued market rental growth in the years to come. Entra operates in the appealing Norwegian real-estate office market, with attractive high-quality and environmentally friendly properties located in clusters near public transportation hubs in central urban locations. 78 per cent of the management portfolio is located in Oslo. A solid tenant base on long leases with near 100 per cent index regulation provides stable revenues and cash flows. With a strong financial position and an attractive project pipeline, Entra has a proven and resilient business profile that is well positioned for the future. Based on the annual CPI development, rents increased by 2.4 per cent from 1 January 2025. Over time, lower vacancy, current rolling rent below market rent and project development are also expected to contribute significantly to rental growth. There are currently signs of more activity in the transaction market, with an outlook for lower interest rates and reduced transaction yields over the next years. Entra will continue to optimise its high-quality management and project portfolio through asset rotation and disciplined capital allocation. Good access to the bond market is an important part of Entra’s financing strategy to have a broad funding base at a favourable cost and hence the Company target to maintain an investment grade rating throughout all parts of the cycle, as Entra have done in the past. The above-mentioned fundamental strengths and positive development in debt metrics have positioned Entra for a potential rating upgrade. To support this, the Board proposes that no dividend will be paid for 2024.
Entra Annual Report 2024
Entra Annual Report 2024
35
Strategy and performance | Outlook
Part of the Board of Directors’ report
Governance and risks
Board’s Corporate Governance statement
Entra’s Board of Directors ('the Board') actively adheres to good corporate governance standards and works to ensure that Entra complies with the requirements of section 3-3 b of the Norwegian Accounting Act and the Norwegian Code of Practice for Corporate Governance of October 2021, issued by the Norwegian Corporate Governance Board (NUES). This is done by ensuring that good governance is an integral part of the decision-making process in matters dealt with by the Board. Moreover, Entra’s corporate governance standards are subject to at least annual assessment and discussion by the Board.
Part of the Board of Directors’ report
Entra Annual Report 2024
36
Governance and risks
Corporate Governance
Compliance with the Norwegian Code of Practice for Corporate Governance
| Compliance with the Code | Reference |
|---|---|
| The Board of Directors’ Corporate Governance statement | Pag e 36 |
| Business | Page 11–27 , 88 |
| Equity and dividends | Page 6 8–70 |
| Equal treatment of shareholders | Pag e 70 |
| Free transferability | Pag e 69 |
| General meeting | Page 4 6–47 |
| Nomination committee | Pag e 47 |
| Board composition and independence | Page 4 9–50 |
| The work of the Board | Page 3 8–39 |
| Risk management and internal controls | Pag e 41 |
| Remuneration of the Board | Pag e 4 2–45 |
| Remuneration of Senior Executives | Page 4 2–46 |
| Information and communication | Pag e 4 0–41 |
| Takeover bids | Pag e 70 |
| Auditor | Pag e 4 7–48 |
Roles and responsibilities
| Roles and responsibilities | # Part of the Board of Director's report
The Board receives quarterly reports and presentations on the Group’s operational and financial status. The reports describe progress and status in the Group’s operative and administrative functions during the reporting period. The individual business units hold meetings with the CEO and CFO to review operating activities prior to and in connection with such reporting. The reports form the basis for internal control, communication on status and necessary measures. The reports are reviewed at board meetings and form the basis for the external financial reporting. Each year the Board and its committees assess their own work and way of working as a basis for reviewing the need for changes and other measures. This assessment includes an evaluation of the Board’s expertise, collectively and for each member, and how well the Board works as a team.
Monitoring and control of financial reporting
Procedures have been established for financial reporting that involve carrying out a review of significant estimates, provisions, and accruals in conjunction with preparation of the quarterly and annual financial statements. Memorandums are prepared for significant accounting assessments and non-routine transactions and are discussed in the Audit Committee prior to the board meetings. The valuation of the Group’s properties is subject to a separate review and assessment at management level at the close of each quarter. This involves, among other things, holding meetings with the external appraisers conducting the quarterly valuations of Entra’s investment properties, with a particular emphasis on discussing perceptions of the market, risk premiums and documentation. The Group reconciles and documents all balance sheet items in the group companies each quarter. Balance sheet items such as bank deposits, receivables, non-current assets, and liabilities are subject to thorough reviews. Loans, interest rates and interest rate hedging are subject to manual reconciliation every month. Ongoing projects are reviewed on a quarterly basis by the Project Development department. Rental income and other significant profit and loss items are subject to reconciliation each quarter. All reconciliations are reviewed and quality assured, as well as being analysed against the Group’s forecasts and previous accounting periods. Management reports significant operational and financial matters to the Board at the board meetings. Any significant matters and situations that arise outside board meetings are discussed with the Chair of the Board and if necessary additional board meetings are held.
In connection with the quarterly reporting, the Group’s external auditor conducts a review of the financial reporting, without issuing a review report. The Group’s quarterly and annual reports are reviewed by the Audit Committee before they are considered by the Board. As part of this process, management prepares a memorandum for the Audit Committee that describes significant accounting and financial assessments made during the quarter. The Audit Committee annually reviews the external auditor’s audit report, as well as the findings and assessments of reviews and audits in conjunction with interim and annual reports, if applicable. Any key audit matters and significant issues in the auditor’s report are presented to the whole Board.
Board representation and participation in Board meetings and committees in 2024
| Board meetings | Audit committee | Remuneration committee | Board tenure since | Up for election |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ottar Ertzeid (Chair) | 8 | 4 | 2022 | AGM 2025 |
| Hege Toft Karlsen (Vice Chair) | 8 | 6 | 2021 | AGM 2025 |
| Ewa Wassberg | 1 | 3 | 2024 | AGM 2025 |
| Joacim Sjöberg | 2 | 7 | 3 | 2022 |
| Widar Salbuvik | 8 | 7 | 2016 | AGM 2025 |
| Camilla AC Tepfers | 8 | 2019 | AGM 2025 | |
| Nina Eriksen | 3 | 4 | 1 | 2024 |
| Glenn Thomas Gustavsen | 3 | 4 | 2024 | May 2026 |
- Ewa Wassberg is CFO of Fastighets AB Balder. Wassberg is not considered independent according to the Norwegian Code of Practice for Corporate Governance. She was elected to the Board in April 2024 and absent from the June meeting.
- Joacim Sjöberg is a board member and CEO of Castellum AB. Sjöberg is not considered independent according to the Norwegian Code of Practice for Corporate Governance.
- Eriksen and Gustavsen were elected to the Board in May 2024.
Entra Annual Report 2024
39
Governance and risks | Corporate governance
Part of the Board of Directors’ report
Financial management
The Group is managed by means of financial and operational targets linked to results and their development, the required return on equity and the weighted average cost of capital, the management of the debt portfolio and the return on the property portfolio. Risk assessments and profitability calculations are performed when acquiring or divesting assets and on commencement of development projects in accordance with the Group’s calculation model and required rate of return. The expected net present value and other key financial metrics of development projects are monitored throughout the course of each project. Long-term projections are made of expected financial developments as a component of the Group’s risk management, using a model with detailed assumptions concerning the business’s results, cash flows and balance sheet. The projections consider cyclical developments in the economy, financial parameters and the property market. Scenarios and simulations are prepared for various developments. The simulations provide insightful information for the Board and management in their monitoring of developments in key balance sheet figures and cash flows. Allocation of capital and the attitude towards risk are important parameters for guiding financial operations. Entra’s finance policy contains a framework for the day-to-day management of the Group’s financial risk. Principles have been defined for borrowing and for management of liquidity risk, interest rate risk, credit risk and counterparty risk. The Group’s model for financial projections is updated regularly. Quarterly reports are made in accordance with the management guidelines for the financial operations, and to the Board through the quarterly business report. Systematic monitoring of the overall economic situation and its impact on the Group’s financial risks is conducted. Based on the analysis of expected economic developments and the Group’s financial position, strategies for interest rate positioning, capital requirements, and planned financing activities are determined. Both short-term and long-term interest rate trends are considered, along with opportunities in the financing market.
Financial reporting and communication
The financial statements are prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS®) as approved by the EU. Entra’s reporting fulfils statutory requirements and provides sufficient information to allow the company’s stakeholders to form an accurate picture of the business. Entra reports in accordance with the rules laid down by the Norwegian Securities Trading Act, as well as with the requirements specified by the Oslo Stock Exchange for companies with listed shares and bonds. Entra provides its shareholders, the Oslo Stock Exchange and the financial market in general with timely, consistent and precise information. Such information is given in the form of annual reports, quarterly reports, stock exchange notices and investor presentations and meetings. The Board has set an IR policy for Entra’s reporting of financial and other information. Entra considers it important to inform shareholders about the Group’s development and economic and financial status. Management members (the CEO, CFO and Head of Investor Relations) are available for discussions with shareholders to develop a balanced understanding of such shareholders’ situation and focus, subject to the provisions in legislation and regulations. Management ensures that shareholders’ viewpoints are communicated to the whole Board. The Board has approved regulations relating to the handling of inside information and trading in the company’s shares. Primary insiders require internal clearance by the EVP Legal and Procurement before they buy or sell Entra shares.
Entra Annual Report 2024
40
Governance and risks | Corporate governance
Part of the Board of Directors’ report
Risk management
The Board is responsible for ensuring that the Group’s business, financial reporting and asset management are subject to adequate control and in accordance with applicable law. Entra’s risk management is to support the Group’s strategic and financial goals and help the Group avoid events that may have an adverse impact on the Group’s operations, financial situation and reputation. This is further elaborated on pages 53–65 in this report.
Internal control and compliance
The Board reviews at least twice per year the Group’s risk and internal control activities, including compliance. This, combined with the management’s risk assessments and information on ongoing measures, enables the Board to evaluate whether the Group’s risk management procedures are satisfactory. Risk management and internal controls are also considered by the Board’s Audit Committee. Entra works systematically to ensure continuous improvement of its internal controls linked to financial reporting and efficient operations. The Group has a proactive approach towards risk management, and potential risks are identified, assessed, quantified and managed. This is further elaborated in the section on Risk Management. In consultation with the Audit Committee, management defines areas where the Group conducts reviews of internal controls. Both internal and external resources are used on these reviews.# Governance and risks | Corporate governance
The results of the most important reviews related to internal control are presented to the Audit Committee and the Board on at least an annual basis. An internal control plan is presented to the Board. The Group follows up issues relating to ethical guidelines and corporate social responsibility. The environmental perspective is an integral part of the assessments made in connection with the Group’s potential investments. Special requirements have been defined for the Group’s suppliers in the document 'Socially Responsible Procurement', and a supplier verification process is conducted each year to ensure that the Group’s suppliers are familiar with and adhere to the contractual conditions. This is further elaborated under the section 'Ethics and anti-corruption'.
Entra's EVP Legal and Procurement acts as the Group’s Chief Compliance Officer (CCO), reporting directly to the Board, is responsible for ensuring that Entra has implemented a compliance programme that will ensure that it is compliant with regulatory and legal requirements as well as internal policies and bylaws. The CCO performs an annual review of the Group’s governing documents, including guidelines for ethical conduct, procurement, sustainability, anti-corruption, data protection and privacy, and supports the Board and the CEO in ensuring that these guidelines are implemented and enforced.
Whistleblowing mechanisms and channels
The Chief Compliance Officer is responsible for the Group’s internal and external whistleblowing channels. The external channel is directly linked to an external law firm and contact details are available at www.entra.no. The Board is provided at least semi-annual reports on compliance related matters.
Conflicts of interest
Potential conflicts of interest are governed by Entra’s ethical guidelines and socially responsible procurement principles. All employees and board members undergo ethics training every year. Board independence is considered at each board meeting. According to the ethical guidelines, Entra’s employees must always conduct its business with integrity. To preserve independence in judgment and during activities, employees must avoid conflicts of interest based on financial or personal self-interest. No one must participate in the processing or decision of a business transaction or case when there are circumstances that are likely to undermine trust in the person’s independence. No one acting on behalf of Entra shall abuse their position for personal gain. Entra’s employees must show great care in relation to private use of Entra’s suppliers. Purchases of goods and services that could cast doubt on the employee’s integrity or not be in the best interest of Entra and the company’s reputation must not occur.
Suppliers shall not offer, promise, or give any benefits, incentives, or services to Entra’s employees, related parties, or collaboration partners. This shall apply also if such benefits are offered directly or indirectly via an intermediary. Hospitality, expense coverage and any moderate gifts must always be done openly. Gifts, hospitality, and expense coverage must never be given/received in an offer/ negotiation situation. Exceptions are normal catering at meetings in the form of working lunch/dinner, coffee, and the like. Travel and accommodation in connection with courses, customer event etc. where Entra’s employees participate, must be approved, and paid for by Entra.
Board committees
The Board has established an Audit Committee and a Remuneration Committee. The Board has established mandates for the work of the committees, which are subject to annual review. In accordance with their respective mandates, the Audit Committee and the Remuneration Committee are to have two or three qualified shareholder representatives from the current Board. The leader of the Audit committee is elected by the Board. The Chair of the Board is the head of the Remuneration Committee. In case of Board changes during the election period affecting members of the Audit Committee or Remuneration Committee, the period lasts until the representative is next up for election as a Board member. The committees assist the Board with preparing its work, but decisions are taken by the whole Board.
Audit Committee
The Audit Committee acts as a preparatory body and supports the Board in assessing the integrity of Entra’s financial reporting, internal controls and financial reporting processes, ESG reporting, compliance with ethical guidelines, overall risk management and review of the performance and independence of the auditor. The CFO, the Head of Group Accounting, the Group Controller and the Head of Accounting (secretary of the Audit Committee) attend as representatives from management. The Group’s auditor also participates in all meetings. Other members of the management team attend as required. The Chair of the Audit Committee reports on the significant assessments discussed in an Audit Committee meeting at the first following board meeting. The Board further has access to the minutes from each Audit Committee meeting. The Audit Committee has an established calendar of meetings, and seven meetings were held in 2024.
Remuneration Committee
The purpose of the Remuneration Committee is to act as a preparatory body for the Board’s consideration of compensation issues. The Remuneration Committee’s main task is to prepare the Board’s consideration of matters relating to the salary and employment terms of the CEO and Senior Executives, as well as changes to them. In addition, the Remuneration Committee prepares the Board’s consideration of principle issues relating to salary levels, performance-related pay schemes (including share schemes), the pension scheme/conditions, employment contracts and similar for the Senior Executives of Entra, as well as other matters relating to compensation that are of particular importance for the Group’s competitive position, profile, ability to recruit, reputation etc. The CEO discusses the handling of individual conditions of Senior Executives with the Remuneration Committee. The Remuneration Committee furthermore discusses and presents proposals to the Board on guidelines for the remuneration of Senior Executives, prepares the report on salaries and other remuneration to Senior Executive personnel and the Board pursuant to Section 6-16b of the Public Companies Act, and deals with other statutory reporting requirements. The Remuneration Committee is composed of the Chair of the Board and one or two members of the Board and is to be independent of Senior Executives. The CEO and EVP HR and Communication attend as management representatives. The CEO does not participate in discussions on issues that affect the CEO personally or matters that relate to the Senior Executives as a whole. The Group’s EVP Legal and Procurement acts as the committee’s secretary. Four meetings were held in 2024.
Salaries and remuneration of Board and Senior Executives
Remuneration of Board and Senior Executives
Pursuant to section 6-16a of the Public Companies Act, the Board presents guidelines on the determination of salaries and other remuneration of the Board and Senior Executives, defined as the CEO and other members of the management team, to the Annual General Meeting for approval. Entra’s guidelines were approved by the 2024 Annual General Meeting and are summarised below.
Guidelines for management remuneration
Remuneration of Senior Executives is based on the following general principles:
- Entra shall be a professional organisation that attracts and retains skilled personnel and develops the competence of its staff. Entra thus needs to use remuneration, including competitive salaries, in order to ensure that the Group can recruit and retain competent and attractive expertise
- Moderation in the level of salaries of the Group’s employees
- Management remuneration shall be competitive, but not leading
- The fixed salary shall be the main element of the remuneration, but all remuneration elements shall be considered in total
- The targets for any performance-related pay scheme shall be objective, measurable and definable, and there should be a clear correlation between the Group’s business goals and the targets in such a performance-related pay scheme
- Senior Executive remuneration shall be transparent and in line with the principles of good corporate governance
Annual Executive Remuneration Report
In accordance with Section 6-16b of the Public Companies Act, a report on salaries and other remuneration to Senior Executive personnel and the Board is presented at the Annual General Meeting. The report is also available on Entra’s website. For comprehensive information on remuneration for the Board and Senior Executives for 2024, please refer to the Executive Remuneration Report 2024.
Process for determination of remuneration
The Board has established a separate Remuneration Committee. The Remuneration Committee functions as an advisory body for the Board and the CEO. The CEO or other Senior Executives shall not participate in the Remuneration Committee and the Board of Directors’ processing of and resolutions regarding remuneration- related matters in so far as they are affected by such matters.
Determination of remuneration in 2024
The guidelines for management remuneration set forth above form the basis for all remuneration of Senior Executives.# Governance and risks | Corporate governance
Part of the Board of Directors’ report
The total remuneration of the CEO and other Senior Executives consists of a fixed package of salary and benefits supplemented by performance-related pay schemes, including cash-based variable pay schemes and share-based long-term incentive plans, employee share plans, pension and insurance arrangements.
Fixed remuneration
The fixed remuneration provided to Senior Executives includes a base salary (which is the main element of remuneration) and benefits in kind such as a car allowance, mileage agreements and telephone. The Senior Executives also have insurance coverage and other benefits in line with what is offered to the other employees in the Company in accordance with collective agreements, legislation and normal practice in Norwegian companies.
Performance-related pay
The Group operates performance-related pay schemes for Senior Executives. For the Group’s Senior Executives, performance- related pay includes a cash-based variable pay scheme (‘STI’ – Short-Term Incentive) and a share-based variable incentive program (‘LTI’ – Long-Term Incentive).
STI scheme
The STI scheme is based on yearly performance on set targets at Group level in accordance with Board approved scorecards, and predefined personal targets for the year. The scorecards align the interests of management and shareholders and are based on Entra’s three strategic pillars: Profitable growth, being the preferred office provider and environmental leadership. The scorecard for 2024 consists of the following KPIs and topics, in addition to predefined personal targets:
- NOI margin (net operating income less administrative cost/ rental income)
- Customer satisfaction score
- Energy consumption
- Waste management
- HSE
For the CEO, the STI scheme has a maximum limit of 50 per cent of base salary and for other Senior Executives the maximum limit is 30 per cent of base salary. Total cash-based variable remuneration for the CEO in 2024 was 39.3 per cent of the base salary, respectively, while total cash-based variable remuneration to other Senior Executives was 18.8 per cent of the base salary.
LTI scheme
The LTI scheme is based on two Key Performance Indicators (KPIs); Return on Equity before tax (RoE) and Total Shareholder Return (TSR), each weighting 50 per cent. The Board believes that these KPIs align the interest of Senior Executives and shareholders in a beneficial manner, even though both KPIs are also influenced by external factors beyond the control of management. Actual performance is for both KPIs determined on a linear target scale between a hurdle and a cap (maximum).
- Return on Equity: Three-year average RoE before tax compared to a target determined by the Board.
- Total Shareholder Return: Three-year Entra TSR performance compared to the performance of the FTSE EPRA/NAREIT index.
For the CEO, the LTI scheme has a maximum limit of 60 per cent of base salary and for other Senior Executives the maximum limit is 40 per cent of base salary. For 2024, both the RoE and the TSR were below the hurdles, and no shares were awarded under the LTI scheme.
Reclaiming performance-related pay
The Company has the right to demand the repayment of any performance-related remuneration that has been paid on the basis of facts that were self-evidently incorrect, or as the result of misleading or incorrect information supplied by the individual in question. If the employment contract is terminated, the Company has the right to reclaim unvested shares awarded under the LTI scheme.
Share purchase scheme
The CEO and other Senior Executives are eligible to participate fully in Entra’s discounted employee share purchase scheme on the same terms as all other employees.
Pension benefits
The CEO and other Senior Executives have a contribution-based service pension on the same terms as other employees. The contributions are 6 per cent of salaries between 0 G and 7.1 G and 16 per cent of salaries from 7.1 G to 12 G. No contributions are made for salaries over 12 G. 1 G is the Norwegian National Insurance Scheme’s basic amount, which on average was NOK 122 225 in 2024.
Board compensation for Senior Executives
The CEO and certain other Senior Executives have a number of internal directorships in subsidiaries and partly owned companies. They do not receive any remuneration for these directorships.
Severance package arrangements
The CEO has the right to six months’ severance pay based on the base salary in cases where the Board takes the initiative to terminate the employment. No other Senior Executives have pre-agreed severance pay agreements.
Board remuneration
The general meeting determines each year the remuneration of the Board based on the Nomination Committee’s proposal. The Annual General Meeting determines the remuneration of the Board based on the Nomination Committee’s proposal. The Board’s remuneration shall reflect the Board’s responsibilities, expertise, and use of time and the complexity of the business. Remuneration is not dependent on results, and no shares or share options are issued to Board members. Board members or companies to which they are connected shall not normally undertake separate assignments for the Group in addition to the Board appointment. If they nevertheless do, the whole Board is to be informed, and the fees for such assignments are to be approved by the Board. If remuneration is paid above the normal Board fee, this is to be specified in the annual report. Employee-elected members of the Board receive fees in line with shareholder-elected Board members.
Deviation from the Guidelines
The Board may decide to deviate entirely or partly from the Guidelines in individual cases if there are special circumstances that make such deviation necessary in order to satisfy the long-term interests of the Company or to ensure the financial viability of the Company.
Remuneration of the Board in 2024
In 2024, the Board received remuneration in accordance with the Nomination Committee’s proposal, approved by the Annual General Meeting. No remuneration was paid above the Board fee approved by the Annual General Meeting.
Overview of remuneration of the Board in 2024
All amounts in NOK thousand
| Board fees | Committee fees | Total remuneration | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | |||
| Ottar Ertzeid, Chair | 608 | 72 | 680 |
| Hege Toft Karlsen, Vice Chair | 335 | 118 | 453 |
| Widar Salbuvik | 335 | 99 | 434 |
| Camilla AC Tepfers | 335 | - | 335 |
| Joacim Sjöberg | 335 | 50 | 385 |
| Ewa Wassberg from 23 April 2024 | 234 | - | 234 |
| Nina Eriksen, employee representative from May 2024 | 234 | 35 | 269 |
| Glenn Thomas Gustavsen, employee representative from May 2024 | 234 | - | 234 |
| Erling Nedkvitne, employee representative until May 2024 | 101 | 15 | 116 |
| Marit Rasmussen, employee representative until May 2024 | 101 | - | 101 |
| Total | 2 852 | 390 | 3 242 |
1 The overview of the remuneration of the Board of Directors shows remuneration earned in the financial year.
2 Does not include ordinary salary.
Remuneration of Senior Executives in 2024
Determination of the remuneration of Senior Executives for 2024 has been carried out in accordance with the guidelines. The base salary of the Senior Executives increased on average by 6.2 per cent in 2024. Performance-related pay for 2023 was determined and paid in 2024. Performance-related pay for 2024 is determined and paid in 2025. The annual compensation ratio was 5.8¹ and the change in annual compensation ratio was 3.7². The amounts in the remuneration tables are subject to National Insurance contributions. No loans were given by Entra to Senior Executives as of 31 December 2024.
¹ Annual total compensation for the organisation’s highest paid-individual / Median annual total compensation for all of the organisation’s employees excluding the highest-paid individual, as defined by GRI
² Percentage increase in annual total compensation for the organisation’s highest paid-individual / Median percentage increase in annual total compensation for all of the organisation’s employees excluding the highest-paid individual, as defined by GRI.
Overview of remuneration of Senior Executives in 2024
All amounts in NOK thousand
| Base salary | Paid salaries¹ | Cash-based variable remuneration² | Share-based variable remuneration³ | Pension costs | Other benefits⁴ | Total remuneration | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sonja Horn, CEO | 4 196 | 4 405 | 1 647 | 539 | 148 | 210 | 6 950 |
| Ole Anton Gulsvik, CFO from 1 August 2024 | 3 700 | 1 542 | 757 | - | 148 | 108 | 2 555 |
| Kjetil Hoff, EVP Asset Management and COO | 2 508 | 2 594 | 433 | 213 | 148 | 176 | 3 565 |
| Carine Blyverket, EVP Asset Management and Business Development | 2 101 | 1 995 | 397 | - | 123 | 147 | 2 662 |
| Per Ola Ulseth, EVP Project Development | 2 340 | 2 420 | 470 | 201 | 148 | 163 | 3 402 |
| Kristine Marie Hilberg, EVP HR and Communication | 1 917 | 1 981 | 444 | 162 | 148 | 152 | 2 887 |
| Hallgeir Østrem, EVP Legal and Procurement | 2 924 | 3 022 | 647 | 147 | 148 | 196 | 4 160 |
| Anders Olstad, CFO and Deputy CEO until 22 April 2024 | 3 360 | 2 124 | - | 981 | 148 | 45 | 3 298 |
| Knut Sørngård, Interim CFO from 23 April 2024 until 31 July 2024 | 2 531 | 685 | 167 | - | 40 | 9 | 901 |
| Tore Lia, Interim EVP Finance and Investments from 23 April 2024 until 31 July 2024 | 2 390 | 646 | 157 | - | 40 | 13 | 857 |
| Total | 27 968 | 21 415 | 5 119 | 2 243 | 1 230 | 1 220 | 31 236 |
¹ The main difference between base salary and paid salaries is that paid salaries includes holiday pay on cash-based variable remuneration.2 Includes the provision based on targets met in 2024, which will be paid out in 2025.
3 The equity-settled component of the LTI scheme has a graded vesting period, while the cash-settled component of the LTI scheme is fully vested on settlement. No shares were awarded under the LTI scheme for 2024. As such, the share-based remuneration presented as earned in 2024 reflects share-based remuneration earned in previous years.
4 Other benefits include benefits in kind such as a car allowance, telephone and insurance coverage.
General meeting
The Board is to arrange for as many shareholders as possible to be able to exercise their rights to participate in Entra’s general meetings, and for the General Meeting to be an effective meeting place for shareholders and the Board, through, among other things, ensuring that:
* agenda documents are sufficiently detailed for shareholders to be able to take a position on all matters that are to be considered.
* the deadline for notice of attendance is set as close to the meeting as practically possible and in accordance with the provisions in the Articles of Association.
* the Board and Chair of the Nomination Committee attend the general meeting.
* routines are in place to ensure that the General Meeting can elect an independent person to chair the General Meeting.
* and the General Meeting is able to vote on each item, hereunder for individual candidates for appointment to the Group’s governing bodies.
Shareholders who are not able to be present at a general meeting shall be given the opportunity to vote through a proxy or through electronic participation. Entra is to:
* give information on the procedure for attending by proxy;
* appoint a person who can vote for shareholders as proxy; and
* prepare a proxy form, which as far as possible is laid out in such a way that votes can be given for each matter that is to be considered and candidates who are to be elected.
Entra Annual Report 2024 Entra Annual Report 2024 46 46 Governance and risks Governance and risks | Corporate governance Governance and risks | Corporate governance Part of the Board of Director's report Part of the Board of Directors’ report
The entire Board has not usually attended the Annual General Meeting as the items on the agenda of the Annual General Meeting have not required this. The Chair of the Board is always present, and other Board members participate on an ad-hoc basis. From the Group’s perspective, this is sufficient.
Nomination Committee
Article 6 of the Group’s Articles of Association states that the company shall have a Nomination Committee composed of up to five members. The members of the Nomination Committee, including the Chair, are elected by the general meeting for a period of up to two years. Members of the Nomination Committee are to be shareholders or representatives of shareholders, and the committee is to be composed so that broad shareholder interests are represented. Efforts are to be made to ensure both men and women are represented in the Nomination Committee.
The Nomination Committee is to give its recommendation to the General Meeting regarding election of shareholder-elected members to the Board and the Nomination Committee, as well as the remuneration payable to members of the Board and the Nomination Committee. The remuneration of members of the Nomination Committee is determined by the General Meeting, and the General Meeting may adopt instructions for the Nomination Committee.
The Nomination Committee ensures that share- holders’ views are taken into account when qualified members are nominated to the governing bodies of Entra, and shareholders are invited to provide input to the Nomination Committee. On the Annual General Meeting in 2024, Per Berggren was elected as new member of Entra’s Nomination Committee, with term of office until the Annual General Meeting in 2025. Ingebret G. Hisdal, Gisele Marchand and Erik Selin were elected in 2023 as members of Entra’s Nomination Committee, with term of office until the Annual General Meeting in 2025. See www.entra.no for more information on the members of the Nomination Committee and the Nomination Committee’s contact details.
None of the Nomination Committee’s members represents Entra’s management or Board. Erik Selin, the CEO and largest shareholder in Fastighets AB Balder is one of four members of the Nomination Committee. Fastighets AB Balder is a major shareholder in Entra ASA and exerts negative control. Per Berggren, the Chair of the Board in Castellum AB is one of four members of the Nomination Committee. Castellum AB is a major shareholder in Entra ASA and exerts negative control. The Nomination Committee is considered to have a composition that reflects the common interest of the community of shareholders.
Auditor
The Audit Committee evaluates and recommends to the Board and the general meeting regarding the choice of external auditor. When evaluating the auditor, emphasis is placed on the firm’s qualifications, capacity and the auditor’s fee. The General Meeting elects the Group’s auditor. Since 2012, Entra’s auditor has been Deloitte. Roger Furholm has been the partner in charge of Deloitte’s audit team since 2021.
Plan for the auditor’s work
Each year, the auditor presents a plan for the execution of the auditor’s work to the Audit Committee, which in turn informs the Board of its most important aspects.
Auditor’s relationship to the Board
The auditor attends all meetings of the Audit Committee, the Board meeting that approves the Annual Report and other meetings on request. The auditor presents the main features of the audit plan to the Audit Committee, the result of the audit to the Audit Committee and the Board in the meeting approving the Annual Report, including presentation of significant accounting estimates and any material changes to the Group’s accounting principles, and reports material matters in which there have been disagreement between the auditor and management, if any. There is one annual meeting with the Audit Committee and the auditor, and one meeting with the whole Board and the auditor, which management representatives do not attend.
Auditor’s review of the Group’s internal controls and financial reporting
When presenting the results of the audit to the Audit Committee, the auditor also presents an assessment of the Group’s internal controls, identified weaknesses and proposals for improvements. The auditor presents the findings and assessments of the annual audit for Group management and the Audit Committee. If applicable, material issues are reported to the Board.
Entra Annual Report 2024 Entra Annual Report 2024 47 47 Governance and risks Governance and risks | Corporate governance Governance and risks | Corporate governance Part of the Board of Director's report Part of the Board of Directors’ report
Auditor’s independence
Each year, the auditor’s independence is assessed by the Audit Committee. The Board has drawn up guidelines on the engagement of the external auditor, governing what work the auditor can do for the Group in view of the requirement for independence. Any major assignments, other than statutory audits, are approved by the Audit Committee in advance. Management informs the Audit Committee of all additional services supplied by the external auditor at each Audit Committee meeting.
Audit firm rotation
Entra is required to initiate a tender process for the appointment of the external auditor every 10 years. As a public limited company, Entra is not allowed to have the same external auditor for more than 20 consecutive years. Entra initiated such a tender process in 2021, and the General Meeting in 2022 voted in favour of the Board’s recommendation that Deloitte continue as auditor.
General meeting
The auditor attends the Annual General Meeting for the consideration of the annual financial statements. The auditor’s fee for the statutory audit and other services is approved by the Annual General Meeting. The auditor reports quarterly to the Audit Committee on fees for all additional services and the scope of additional services subject to the fee cap pursuant to the Auditor Act.
Entra Annual Report 2024 Entra Annual Report 2024 48 48 Governance and risks Governance and risks | Corporate governance Governance and risks | Corporate governance Part of the Board of Director's report Part of the Board of Directors’ report
| Board position | Chair | Vice Chair | Board member | Board member |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Ottar Ertzeid | Hege Toft Karlsen | Ewa Wassberg | Joacim Sjöberg |
| Born | 1965 | 1969 | 1980 | 1964 |
| Nationality | Norwegian | Norwegian | Swedish | Swedish |
| Gender | Male | Female | Female | Male |
| Member of the Board since | 2022 | 2021 | 2024 | 2022 |
| Independence | Independent | Independent | ||
| Other affiliations | CFO of Balder, a major shareholder in Entra | CEO of Castelllum, a major shareholder in Entra | ||
| Number of shares in Entra (31.12.24) | 25 000 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Education | Degree in Economics and Business Administration (“Siviløkonom”) with a specialty in Finance from BI Norwegian Business School | Master of Law from the University of Bergen, Attorney- at-law and AMP from Harvard Business School | Bachelor’s degree from the School of Economics at the University of Gothenburg | Master of Law/LLM from University of Stockholm |
| Executive and non-executive positions | Ertzeid has experience from several senior management positions, including Group CFO of DNB Bank ASA, CEO of DNB Markets, and CFO of DNB Boligkreditt AS. He serves as vice chair in Verdipapirforetakenes Sikringsfond, Argentum, and Dextra Artes and as board member of Telenor, DNB Livsforsikring, and Luminor Bank. | Toft Karlsen is the CEO of Fremtind Forsikring and has previously held the positions of CEO at Eika Gruppen and EVP at Gjensidige Forsikring ASA. She serves as board member of Vipps MobilePay, BankID BankAxept and Finans Norge. | Wassberg is the CFO of Fastighets AB Balder. She has prior experience as CFO and Accounting Director at Fabege AB, and as an auditor at Deloitte in Sweden where she was an approved auditor. |
Board of Directors
Part of the Board of Director's report
| Name | Board position | Born | Nationality | Gender | Member of the Board since | Independence | Number of shares in Entra (31.12.24) | Education |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sjöberg | CEO | |||||||
| Widar Salbuvik | Board member | 1958 | Norwegian | Male | 2016 | Independent | 20 000 | Graduate Programme in Economics and Business Administration from the Norwegian School of Economics (NHH) |
| Camilla AC Tepfers | Board member | 1969 | Norwegian | Female | 2019 | Independent | 1 500 | Siv.ing/MSc from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) |
| Nina Eriksen | Board member, employee representative | 1976 | Norwegian | Female | 2024 | Employee representative | 59 | Master's degree in Civil and Environmental Engineering from NTNU |
| Glenn Thomas Gustavsen | Board member, employee representative | 1970 | Norwegian | Male | 2024 | Employee representative | 0 | Certified engineer, certified electrician, and building operator |
Salbuvik is an independent business advisor and investor, and was founder and former CEO of Pareto AS. He also serves as chair of the board for Alternative Investment Group, Asset Buyout Partners, HR-Gruppen Capus, Sabar, Vindsteg, Breiangen, and Havfonn. Additionally, he is a board member of Rana Utvikling and Zeiner Eiendom.
Tepfers is a co-founder and partner of inFuture. She has prior experience as EVP of Innovation at DnB NOR and Senior VP at DnB eDevelopment. She has been a lecturer at Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) and a consultant at McCann. She serves as member of the board of directors of SpareBank1 Sør-Norge, Dyreparken Utvikling, and inFuture.
Eriksen is a project manager at Entra. She has prior experience as a group leader for Project Administration at Asplan Viak and as a project manager for various consulting firms.
Gustavsen is a technical advisor at Entra. He has prior experience as a self-employed electrical contractor.
Previous experience
- CEO
- Property market and industry
- Project development and management
- Technology
- Sustainability
- Financing and stock market
- Transactions and M&A
- Accounting
- Risk management
Executive Management
Part of the Board of Director's report
| Name | Position | Born | Nationality | Gender | With Entra since | Shareholding in Entra | Education | Prior positions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sonja Horn | CEO | 1973 | Norwegian | Female | 2013 | 62 303 | Master of Management (“Siviløkonom”) from BI Norwegian Business school | EVP Property Management at Entra, Director and SVP Real Estate Asset Management at Statoil Fuel & Retail (now Circle K), transaction advisor and partner at Union Norsk Næringsmegling, Head of Large Corporate Accounts at Fokus Bank, Director of Commercial Real Estate at Fokus Kreditt, and client account manager at Sparebankenes Kredittselskap (now DNB) |
| Ole Anton Gulsvik | CFO | 1973 | Norwegian | Male | 2024 | 0 | MSc in Engineering from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), and Certified European Financial Analyst (AFA) from the Norwegian School of Economics (NHH) | CFO of NRC Group, CEO and CFO of Seven Seas Group, equity- and credit analyst as well as corporate finance at Carnegie, and equity analyst at Handelsbanken |
| Kjetil Hoff | EVP Asset Management and COO | 1977 | Norwegian | Male | 2014 | 19 652 | Master of Management (“Siviløkonom”) from the Norwegian School of Economics (NHH) | Head of Investments at Entra, Head of Asset Management at Asset Buyout Partners, corporate finance advisor at SpareBank 1 SR-Markets, business developer at OBOS, and management consultant at Accenture |
| Carine Blyverket | EVP Asset Management and Business Development | 1986 | Norwegian | Female | 2020 | 913 | MSc Leadership and Organisational psychology from BI Norwegian Business school | Head of Business Development at Entra, Head of Modern Workplace in KPMG management consulting, and Strategic Advisor, Business Development at Microsoft |
| Name | Position | Born | Nationality | Gender | With Entra since | Shareholding in Entra | Education | Prior positions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frank Randel Helgesen | EVP Market and Letting | 1981 | Norwegian | Male | 2011 | 3 984 | Master of Law from the University of Oslo, Bachelor of Business Administration and Business Law from BI Norwegian Business School, and Executive leadership programme from Stockholm School of Economics, Sweden | Head of Letting at Entra, Asset Manager at Entra, Business Controller at Entra, Property Advisor at Helse Bergen HF, and Consultant at Lovdata |
| Per Ola Ulseth | EVP Project Development | 1966 | Norwegian | Male | 2018 | 17 271 | MSc from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), and Executive leadership programme from IMD Lausanne, Switzerland | Director Projects at Rambøll Norway, Technical Director and Executive Vice President at Skanska Norway. Project and technology management at, among others, WSP, ODA (The Organisation Development Alliance), and Veidekke |
| Kristine Hilberg Tunstad | EVP HR and Communication | 1972 | Norwegian | Female | 2013 | 13 591 | Master in HR Management Griffith University, studies in Business Administration from BI Norwegian Business school, and a Bachelor in Biomedical Laboratory Sciences from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) | Senior Advisor at HR Schneider Electric, HR Manager at Areva, Senior Account Executive at Abbott Diagnostics, and Senior Biomedical Laboratory Scientist at Ullevål University Hospital |
| Hallgeir Østrem | EVP Legal and Procurement | 1967 | Norwegian | Male | 2013 | 25 900 | Master of Law (Cand.jur) from the University of Bergen | Lawyer and partner at Advokatfirmaet Schjødt, lawyer at OBOS, and senior legal advisor at the municipality of Florø |
Risk management
Through owning, developing, and managing properties, Entra is exposed to various risks that may affect the Group's ability to achieve its overall strategic targets and goals. Entra works continuously and in a structured manner to identify, monitor, and manage these risks. The Group's risk management is conducted through a structured analysis and decision-making process aimed at creating a balance between the desire to limit uncertainty or risk and the task of generating growth and shareholder value. To be able to estimate the impact of identified risks, an internal risk matrix is mapped out where each individual risk is assessed, in terms of both impact and probability. The following 11 identified risks are viewed as the most important for the company to manage going forward.
Risk factors
| Risk factors | Description/definition | How we monitor # Entra Annual Report 2024
Governance and risks
Governance and risks | Executive Management
Part of the Board of Director's report
Risk factors
| Description/definition In new project developments minimum pre-let occupancy ratios is part of the investment decision and the occupancy ratio is continuously monitored and reported quarterly. For future development projects, an early-phase strategy is prepared to ensure optimised design of sustainable, space efficient and flexible office space in line with market trends. Regular contact with potential and existing tenants provides direct customer insight and helps us adapt our property portfolio to changing workspace trends. The economic development in Norway in 2024 has been characterised by lower economic growth and declining inflation. While the letting market activity remains high, Oslo experienced a slight drop in signing activity later in the year. Consequently, office vacancy in the Oslo market has increased slightly and is currently still low around six to seven per cent. Consensus among analysts is that the slight vacancy increase is temporary and expect the letting market to stay strong. Norwegian market data and Entra’s experience suggest that office activity in Norway is only marginally lower than pre-pandemic levels, with less impact from the work-from-home trend than in several other markets. Demand for office space is only marginally impacted as tenants take peak days at the office into account. The hybrid work model has shifted office use, with tenants prioritising location and quality to encourage office attendance. Tenants are increasingly looking for adjustments of the current office setup, and then also more open to consider alternative solutions in the market, which increases the renegotiation risk. The demand for centrally located offices, particularly in Oslo, is still strong, with a high volume of lease contracts expiring the next years. Additionally, the supply of new office capacity has been limited following reduced commencement of new office projects in recent years. The Norwegian economy is expected to continue growing, but at a slower pace than experienced in recent years. There is a risk that private tenants in an economy with limited growth will absorb less space as they do not plan for employment growth at the same speed. The occupancy rate in Entra’s management portfolio declined during 2024. However, we believe that this development is temporary and that the occupancy rate will revert to a level in line with Entra’s historical averages. Nevertheless, the risk of higher-than-normal vacancy is assessed to have increased from last year.
Entra Annual Report 2024
Entra Annual Report 2024 57
Governance and risks
Executive Management
Part of the Board of Director's report
Risk factors
| Description/definition | How we monitor # Governance and risks
Executive Management
Part of the Board of Director's report
Risk factors
| Description/definition | How we monitor | Changes in risk assessment during 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Build and retain critical competence Responsible: EVP HR and Communication The risk that Entra may not maintain or attract the expected personnel quality and capacity for critical deliveries within the company’s core business. |
The development and management of competence are integral parts of the business strategy. We have initiated measures for recruitment to attract relevant talent and applicants with future-oriented competence. We work systematically with talent development and succession planning. We follow up with employees through individual plans to develop competence and career paths, including, but not limited to, ‘The Entra School’. Our employees participate in professional networks and external courses. We conduct an annual employee survey, and regular, shorter status surveys of the employees’ well-being to measure the engagement and satisfaction of employees and to make action plans where required. We benchmark and assess compensation and benefits to ensure that we are competitive. We have put in place measures to strengthen leadership capabilities and to develop an attractive workplace that builds an organisational culture in line with the company values. We have established strategic ESG measures in all business areas and continue to gain insight and drive engagement on sustainability. | In general, Norway has low unemployment and experiences a lack of specific expertise and high-skilled workers across sectors. The strong demand for high-skilled workers will, however, make it more challenging to attract specific competences and talents in the years to come. Entra still experiences a competitive advantage in the recruitment of new employees due to a strong employer brand, also supported by a credible ESG profile. The overall build and retain critical competence risk is assessed to be unchanged from last year. |
| Investment strategy Responsible: CFO Acquisitions and divestments of assets, including strategic portfolio rotation, play an important role in achieving Entra’s objectives. These activities are essential for maintaining a dynamic and balanced portfolio that aligns with the company's long-term goals and growth strategies. Effective decision-making processes are vital in transaction processes and must be free from biases such as lack of objectivity and incorrect incentives. There are risks associated with technical errors and incorrect assumptions in valuations and investment calculations, which can lead to suboptimal investment decisions. In addition, there are risk associated with the diversification of the property portfolio including diversification across geographic locations, sectors, and types of properties. Access to development sites and properties suitable for development is another risk factor. The proper timing of transactions relative to economic cycles and the life cycle of individual properties is also critical to maximising returns and minimising risks. |
Our employees have extensive experience in mergers and acquisitions, combined with commercial real estate market knowledge. We evaluate each investment case by reference to strategy, risk, and profitability. The investment process includes assessments at several levels in the organisation, including the CFO unit, Entra’s investment committee, Executive Management, and the Board. Capital return requirements are reviewed by the Board at least annually, and more frequent if there are fundamental changes in the underlying macro and risk sentiment. We thoroughly scrutinise and verify assumptions in the investment model using different external and internal professionals. Financial models are always reviewed by at least two people. All investments and divestments exceeding NOK 150 million must be approved by the Board. | To strengthen the balance sheet and improve the debt metrics, Entra has continued to divest assets during 2024. Entra continues to assess the potential for asset rotation as a tool for funding property investments and development projects, and to strategically align the property portfolio in Entra’s core office clusters. Transaction volumes were limited during 2023 due to increased costs of capital and expanding yields. Interest rates reached peak levels in mid-2023, and the transaction volumes have picked up during 2024 as forward interest rates indicated lower future funding costs. The real estate debt capital markets have opened up, which has stabilised the prime yield in the transaction market. Entra expects the real estate transaction market to further improve into 2025 as market interest rate levels are expected to decrease and debt capital markets continue to improve. The overall investment strategy risk is assessed to be unchanged from last year. |
| Compliance Responsible: Chief Compliance Officer Compliance is a compilation of Entra’s specific assessment of risk factors within the compliance area. There are several critical risk factors that require careful monitoring and management to ensure adherence to legal and ethical standards. These factors include corruption and financial crime, ethics, social responsibility, personal data protection, insider rules, reporting and regulatory requirements, and information security. |
Risk assessment, monitoring, and follow-up are integral parts of Entra’s operations at all levels, including the Board, which discusses compliance risk on a regular basis. We work to prevent corruption and financial crime. Our strategy includes an e-training program for employees, rigorous purchase and invoice controls, and both internal and external whistleblower channels. We encourage ethical decision-making and behaviour through dilemma training. The Company’s external and internal whistleblower channels ensure transparency and accountability. We are committed to socially responsible purchasing practices, guided by a comprehensive procurement policy. Stringent supplier controls are in place to uphold these standards, complemented by a Human Rights Policy. We ensure personal data protection through data processing agreements and the establishment of internal routines. Our e-training program emphasises GDPR compliance, ensuring that all employees understand their responsibilities. Continuous follow-up ensures adherence to these protocols, safeguarding the privacy and security of individuals’ data. Our insider rules dictate strict guidelines for employees regarding confidential information. We comply with the Transparency Act. An information channel to receive general inquiries from the public and the statement of Entra’s due diligence assessments in accordance with the Act is available on the company’s web pages. | There have been no changes in regulations or Entra’s operations during the year that have influenced the compliance risk as a whole. The overall compliance risk is consequently assessed to be unchanged from last year. |
| Information and cyber security Responsible: EVP Asset Management and COO Information security risk includes the threats posed by an external or internal attacker who exploits vulnerabilities in Entra’s ICT systems, processes, building technology systems or applications in order to cause harm to the company and/or users of the company’s systems. This type of risk involves ensuring the reliability and security of information transfer and storage. Key areas of focus include cyber security, which aims to protect information that is accessible through ICT systems, and ICT security, which addresses the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information and communications technology. |
We focus on security and employees’ knowledge and attitudes, including the training of all Entra’s employees. Online courses are implemented for all employees to increase focus and improve understanding of ICT threats. We use suppliers with certified and documented focus on information security. We have outsourced the operational part of ICT security to one of Norway’s top-of-class companies. Entra has established a solid digital foundation for all our properties, fully managed and monitored 24/7 by our ICT partner We regularly carry out analyses and conduct vulnerability tests of critical systems related to our operations. Vital business support systems are connected to an external ICT security company’s platform and firewall. We use a third-party provider to carry out audits of actual security in our operations. We continuously close identified security gaps. We have implemented an information security management system (ISMS). |
Executive Management
Part of the Board of Director's report
As part of this, we define an annual security activity plan, and established a Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) and Information Security Manager (ISM). Entra has acquired a cyber security insurance with a global insurance company to reduce financial risk and to ensure access to expertise and capacity if a serious incident occurs. On a global scale, we observe that the level of cybercrime activity is still high. Ransomware, where company data is threatened to be auctioned off unless a ransom is paid, has become an even more widespread threat. Virtual currencies increase the efficiency for attackers in ransom situations. Large language models (LLMs) are becoming more accessible and will be used to leverage capabilities and produce even more sophisticated and automated phishing and other malicious attacks. On a national scale, the National Cyber Security Center (NCSC) reports on increasing ransomware attacks towards Norwegian private and public companies in recent years. This trend is still evident. Increased and more sophisticated use of phishing and CEO fraud attempts are growing in scope and are also noticeable at Entra. Entra’s buildings are becoming more technologically sophisticated, and new technology represents a possible increased security risk. While the information and cyber security risk in society in general has increased, Entra’s measures are assumed to mitigate the increased risk. Consequently, the information and cyber security risk is assessed to have reduced from last year.
Entra Annual Report 2024
Entra Annual Report 2024
63
Governance and risks | Executive Management
Part of the Board of Directors’ report
Risk factors
| Description/definition # Share information
The Entra share
Part of the Board of Directors’ report
The Board considers the book value, Share price performance, Share price and EPRA NRV development to be at a satisfactory level with reference to the Group’s goals, strategy, and risk profile. Entra’s objective is to create value for its owners and stakeholders. The Group consistently focuses on ensuring that the company’s equity is evaluated in relation to its objectives, strategy, and risk profile.
Dividend
In 2024, the Board has focused on strengthening the company’s balance sheet. Good access to the bond market is an important part of Entra’s financing strategy to have a broad funding base at a favourable cost and hence the Company target to maintain an investment grade rating throughout all parts of the cycle, as Entra have done in the past. The above-mentioned fundamental strengths and positive development in debt metrics have positioned Entra for a potential rating upgrade. To support this, the Board will propose to the Annual General Meeting on 29 April 2025 that no dividend be paid for 2024. Entra’s dividend policy remains unchanged. The Board intends to propose that the Annual General Meeting grants the Board a renewed authorisation to resolve distributions of semi-annual dividends.
| YE 2015 | YE 2016 | YE 2017 | YE 2018 | YE 2019 | YE 2020 | YE 2021 | YE 2022 | YE 2023 | YE 2024 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dividend per share | 5.5 | 2 | 3.45 | 4.10 | 4.50 | 4.70 | 4.90 | 5.10 | 5.10 | - |
| Yield¹ | 7.72% | 4.02% | 3.36% | 3.91% | 3.24% | 2.52% | 2.57% | 4.82% | - | - |
¹ Based on year-end price
² Includes extraordinary dividend payment of NOK 650 million to the selling shareholder Norwegian Government Ministry of Trade, Industry and Fisheries in connection with the IPO.
Entra has a policy of semi-annual dividends. Entra targets a dividend payout ratio of approximately 60 per cent of Cash Earnings defined as net income from property management less payable tax.
Free transferability
The shares are freely negotiable, except for shares purchased by employees at a discount, and shares allocated in connection with the company’s long-term incentive (LTI) scheme. The Articles of Association place no restrictions on voting, ownership or negotiability of the shares.
Board authorisations
Capital increase
The Board has been authorised to increase Entra’s share capital by up to NOK 18 213 205, equivalent to approximately 10 per cent of the share capital. The authorisation may be used on one or several occasions. The authorisation may be used to strengthen the company’s equity and to cover capital needs in connection with business opportunities. The authorisation is valid until the Annual General Meeting in 2025 and will in all cases expire on 30 June 2025. The shareholders' preferential rights to subscribe for shares pursuant to section 10-4 of the Public Limited Liability Companies Act may be set aside, cf. section 10-5. The authorisation includes share capital increases by contribution in kind and a right to inflict special obligations on the company, cf. section 10-2 of the Norwegian Public Limited Liability Companies Act. The authorisation does not include resolutions on mergers pursuant to section 13-5 of the Norwegian Public Limited Liability Companies Act.
Purchase of own shares
The Board has been authorised to acquire own shares in Entra on behalf of the company with an aggregated par value of up to NOK 9 106 603, equivalent to approximately 5 per cent of the company’s share capital, for a maximum purchase price of up to NOK 2 731 980 825. Treasury shares acquired under this authorisation may only be disposed of by way of a subsequent cancellation in connection with a share capital decrease, cf. section 12-1 (1) no. 2 of the Norwegian Public Limited Liability Companies Act. The lowest and highest purchase price to be paid per share is NOK 50 and NOK 300, respectively. The company’s acquisition and divestment of own shares shall be carried out in the open market, and otherwise at a trading price and in accordance with generally accepted principles for equal treatment of shareholders. This authorisation is valid until the annual general meeting in 2025 and will in all cases expire on 30 June 2025.
The Board has also been authorised to acquire own shares in Entra on behalf of the company with an aggregated par value of up to NOK 500 000, equivalent to approximately 0.27 per cent of the company's share capital, for a maximum purchase price of up to NOK 150 000 000. Shares may be acquired for the purpose of carrying out the company's share scheme for all employees in the Entra group and the long-term share incentive scheme for members of the Executive Management of the Entra group. The lowest and highest purchase price to be paid per share is NOK 50 and NOK 300, respectively. The company's acquisition of own shares shall be carried out in the open market and in accordance with generally accepted principles for equal treatment of shareholders. Divestment shall be carried out in accordance with the purposes set out in item 2 above, or in the open market, and in accordance with generally accepted principles for equal treatment of shareholders. This authorisation is valid until the annual general meeting in 2025 and will in all cases expire on 30 June 2025.
Authorisation to issue convertible loans
To provide the company with flexibility in a finance market under continuous development, the Board has been authorised to issue one or more convertible loans, i.e., loans which gives the creditor the right to require issuance of shares against payment in cash or against set-off of the claim. The total loan amount (principal) shall not exceed NOK 7 billion (or the equivalent amount in another currency at the time of borrowing). The share capital may in aggregate be increased by up to NOK 18 213 205 as a result of the creditors’ right to require issue of shares (in addition to any further share capital increase as a consequence of subsequent adjustments in the terms of conversion or subscription in the event of changes in the company's capital). The authorisation is valid until the ordinary general meeting in 2025 and will in all cases expire on 30 June 2025.
Equal treatment of shareholders and transactions with related parties
In the case of a material transaction between Entra and a shareholder, a shareholder’s parent company, a Board member, a Senior Executive, or persons related to them, the Board is to ensure that the transaction is supported by a valuation from an independent third party. This does not apply when the general meeting is to consider the matter in accordance with the rules in the Public Companies Act. An independent valuation is also to be provided in the case of transactions between companies in the same group where there are minority shareholders in such companies. The Board is not aware of any transactions in 2024 between the company and shareholders, directors, executive personnel or parties closely related to such individuals that could be described as material transactions.
Takeover bids
The Board has an approved set of guidelines for takeover bids and will handle such situations in accordance with Norwegian law and the Norwegian Code of Practice for Corporate Governance. In a bid situation, Entra’s Board and Senior Executives have a responsibility to help ensure that shareholders are treated equally, and that the Group’s business activities are not disrupted unnecessarily. The Board will not hinder or obstruct takeover bids for Entra’s assets or shares. The Board will ensure that shareholders are given sufficient information and time to form an opinion on an offer. If a takeover offer is received, the Board will issue a statement making a recommendation as to whether shareholders should or should not accept the offer. These guidelines have been diligently adhered to in relation to all takeover bids in recent years.
Sustainability statement
Part of the Board of Directors’ report
- General information 72
- Environmental information 97
- Social information 135
- Governance information 152
- Appendices 157
- Signatures from the Board and the CEO 176
General information
Basis for preparation
Sustainability | General information
Part of the Board of Director's report
BP-1 General basis for preparation of sustainability statement
Reporting standards and principles
Entra's sustainability statement for the financial year 2024 has been prepared with the objective of adapting to the new requirements for sustainability reporting as stipulated in the Norwegian Accounting Act. On 1 November 2024, the EU's Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) was incorporated into Norwegian law through the Accounting Act. Reporting in accordance with the CSRD must be done in compliance with the European Sustainability Reporting Standards (ESRS). Entra is for the financial year 2024 not required to report in accordance with CSRD.
Entra’s disclosure of GHG emissions includes all its subsidiaries and has been prepared in accordance with the GHG Protocol, following the operational control approach.# Sustainability | General information
The company has submitted its GHG emission reduction targets for validation by the Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi). Entra has utilised the Task Force on Climate- related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) framework to map and assess climate risks. In accordance with the Sustainable Finance Act, Entra reports on the share of the company’s turnover, capital expenditure (CapEx), and operating expenses (OpEx) that are associated with EU Taxonomy- eligible and EU Taxonomy-aligned activities. The sustainability statement is also compliant with the fourth edition of the European Public Real Estate Association Sustainability Best Practice Recommendations on Sustainability Reporting (EPRA sBPR).
Scope of consolidation
The sustainability statement follows the financial year and is published annually. The statement includes the entire Entra group, covering all subsidiaries, and is prepared on a consolidated basis. The scope of consolidation mirrors that of the financial statements. Entra’s main business areas are the development, letting, and management of office properties. The sustainability report addresses Entra’s sustainability matters related to these operations.
Reporting according to ESRS is based on a double materiality analysis. Thus, Entra has identified and assessed the sustainability matters that are most important within the areas of environment, social, and governance, and reports on these in accordance with the standards. The double materiality analysis includes the impacts, risks, and opportunities that arise in Entra’s own operations, as well as in the upstream and downstream value chain.
Entra regards information about employees with disabilities as sensitive. Therefore, the company has chosen not to disclose this information (S1-12) in its reporting. Entra has not utilised the opportunity to omit information related to intellectual property, know-how, or the results of innovation.
External reviews
Entra has engaged Deloitte to conduct a review and provide a “limited level of assurance” on Entra’s GHG emissions, EU Taxonomy reporting and EPRA Sustainability Performance Measures. The review of the GHG emissions is carried out in accordance with the assurance standard ISAE 3410 ‘Assurance Engagements on Greenhouse Gas Statements’, and the review of the EU Taxonomy reporting and the EPRA Sustainability Performance Measures is carried out in accordance with ISAE 3000 ‘Assurance Engagements other than Audits or Reviews of Historical Financial Information’. Both standards are established by the International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board. The auditor’s conclusion and scope of work is presented in the Auditor’s report, included on pages 245– 247.
BP-2 Disclosures in relation to specific circumstances
Time horizons and sources of outcome uncertainty
Entra has aligned its time horizons with ESRS. Medium-term time horizons are defined as one to five years, while long-term time horizons are defined to be more than five years.
When metrics involve data from the value chain, such as Scope 3 GHG emissions, calculations may rely on secondary data. Scope 3 emissions encompass all indirect emissions from upstream and downstream activities in a company's value chain. Since these data are not controlled by the reporting company, obtaining data from all activities poses a challenge. When activity-based data (primary data) are difficult to acquire, such as for purchased goods and services, Entra calculates emissions based on secondary data, such as monetary expenditure (spend) and industry averages. Where applicable, Entra discloses the calculation method used. Entra aims to use the activity-based method for calculating all Scope 3 emissions. However, the timeline for this transition relies heavily on the availability and quality of supplier data.
Changes in preparation or presentation of sustainability information
Due to the adaptation to ESRS, this year's reporting is with reference to the GRI standards, unlike previous years when the reporting was in accordance with the GRI standards. Entra’s materiality analysis has also been revised and adjusted to meet the requirements of ESRS.
In order to compare emission data over time, there must be consistency between the datasets used for direct comparison. Consequently, the company’s base year GHG emissions must be recalculated for the entire year if structural changes, such as divestments or acquisitions, occur. This also applies to changes in calculation methods, improvements in the accuracy of emissions data, reporting errors, and outsourcing of emission activities.
In Entra's previous years' reporting of GHG emissions, tenants' consumption of electricity, district heating and cooling were included in Entra's Scope 2. Purchases related to the operation of the buildings, which are charged to the tenants through shared costs, were included in Entra's Scope 3 category 1 (Purchased goods and services). Tenants' waste was included in Scope 3 category 5 (Waste generated in operations).
Entra has conducted a new assessment of its approach to operational control and has concluded that the company does not have operational control over tenants' activities. Consequently, the company has transitioned to reporting tenants' emissions related to electricity, district heating and cooling in Entra’s Scope 3, category 13 (Downstream leased assets) in this year's report. Purchases related to the operation of the buildings, which are charged to the tenants through shared costs, are excluded from Entra’s GHG emissions. This exclusion also applies to waste from tenants’ operations.
Due to the changes described above, Entra’s base year GHG emissions (2023) have been recalculated. The base year GHG emissions have also been recalculated to exclude the management properties Entra divested in 2024. Current year emissions have been calculated for the entire year, excluding the divested properties, to maintain consistency with the base year recalculation. Entra also presents the company’s current year emissions, including the sold assets for the period they are included in the financial statement.
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GOV-1 The role of administrative, management and supervisory bodies
Entra’s governance framework is structured to ensure effective oversight of sustainability matters:
The Board of Directors is Entra’s highest governing body. The Board of Directors ('the Board') determines Entra’s ESG strategy, priorities, targets and risk profile and reviews performance on ESG KPIs. The Board is also responsible for the group’s sustainability statement.
The Audit Committee is a preparatory body supporting the Board, providing guidance and ensuring quality on both financial and sustainability reporting. The Audit Committee also ensures that Entra has an effective internal control system for managing sustainability risks and reviews the performance of the auditor.
The Remuneration Committee determines the level of salary, bonus, and other benefits for the executive management team. Additionally, the committee reviews the performance of the executives, aligning their compensation with both their individual performance and the company's overall performance.
The Executive Management develops the sustainability strategy, including ambitions and targets. The implementation of sustainability ambitions and targets is primarily delegated to the respective business units. The CFO is responsible for the company’s sustainability reporting.
The Sustainability Committee is a management committee responsible for ensuring that the company’s sustainability ambitions and targets are aligned with the company’s overarching goal of maximising long-term value creation within sustainable frameworks. The committee consists of executive members whose tasks and responsibilities are relevant to the company’s material topics.
Entra’s Board comprises eight members, with equal representation of men and women. The Board consists solely of non-executive members. Employee representation is ensured through two employee-elected members. One board member serves as the CEO of Castellum, a major shareholder in Entra. Another board member is the CFO of Fastighets AB Balder, which is also a significant shareholder in the company. Consequently, a total of four out of the eight board members are independent.
Entra’s Audit Committee, which consists of two members of the Board, includes one woman and one man. By the end of the reporting year, Entra’s Executive Management comprised seven members: three women and four men. At the start of the following year, a new member was added. Thus, the Executive Management currently consists of eight members: three women and five men.
All non-employee elected board members possess Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) competencies by virtue of holding senior leadership positions and/or other board roles in large companies. Some have also participated in courses on CSRD and sustainability reporting. This also applies to Entra’s Executive Management.
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GOV-2 Information provided to and sustainability matters addressed by the administrative, management and supervisory bodies
Sustainability matters are presented and discussed in Board meetings, Audit Committee meetings, and Executive Management meetings throughout the year.# Sustainability
General Information
The Board held eight meetings in 2024, with ESG being addressed in 5 of these meetings. The Audit Committee held 7 meetings in 2024, addressing ESG in three of these meetings. The Executive Management held 24 meetings in 2024, with ESG being addressed in 8 of these meetings. The main focus of the Board has been on reviewing the CSRD framework to ensure that all members have a uniform understanding of the regulations. The double materiality analysis, which is the foundation of the company's sustainability reporting, has been thoroughly reviewed and discussed on two occasions. Climate risk has been discussed in two Board meetings in connection with the risk review. The Board also reviewed the draft sustainability statement. Additionally, the double materiality analysis has been reviewed with the Audit Committee and the Executive Management. The draft sustainability statement has also been reviewed by the Audit Committee. Going forward, the company’s materiality analysis and sustainability statement will be reviewed annually by the Executive Management, Audit Committee, and Board. Performance on ESG metrics is regularly reported to the Executive Management and the Board, at least once every quarter, alongside the quarterly reporting. Entra’s performance on selected ESG metrics is also available to external stakeholders through the quarterly and annual reports. Entra's Executive Management and Board consistently incorporate sustainability impacts into their decision-making processes. For example, the environmental and social impacts play an important role in the bidding process when selecting contractors for property projects. Material sustainability-related risks and opportunities, including physical climate risks and transition risks, are integrated in the risk management process. In compliance with the Norwegian Transparency Act, a due diligence process for human rights and working conditions in the supply chain is conducted by Entra’s Department of Legal Services and Procurement.
Board meetings – ESG meeting activities in 2024
| Date | ESG Activity |
|---|---|
| March 15 | ESG report 2023 |
| June 17/18 | Environmental reporting requirements review |
| Sept 9/10 | CSRD double materiality analysis discussion |
| Oct 16 | CSRD double materiality analysis |
| Dec 11 | Sustainability statement 2024; Risk review |
Audit Committee – ESG meeting activities in 2024
| Date | ESG Activity |
|---|---|
| Mar 14 | ESG report 2023 |
| Oct 16 | CSRD double materiality analysis |
| Dec 10 | Principles and ambitions for Sustainability statement 2024 |
Executive Management – ESG meeting activities in 2024
| Date | ESG Activity |
|---|---|
| Mar 18 | Science Based Targets; Energy efficiency |
| Jun 3 | Science Based Targets |
| Aug 19 | Environmental strategy |
| Sept 2 | CSRD double materiality discussion |
| Oct 16 | CSRD double materiality analysis |
| Nov 4 | Environmental targets |
| Nov 25 | Risk review |
| Dec 9 | Energy efficiency |
GOV-3 Integration of sustainability-related performance in incentive schemes
Entra’s performance on ESG metrics is directly linked to executive remuneration, through Entra’s Short-Term Incentive (STI) scheme for the Executive Management. The Short-Term Incentive (STI) scheme includes KPIs related to sustainability, such as energy consumption, waste management, and health and safety measures. For the CEO, the STI scheme has a maximum limit of 50 per cent of base salary, while it is capped at 30 per cent for other Senior Executives. 26.4 per cent of the STI is related to sustainability performance. The terms of the incentive schemes are reviewed by the Remuneration Committee and thereafter approved by the Board. Finally, the guidelines are adopted by the General Meeting.
GOV-4 Statement on sustainability due diligence
Sustainability due diligence involves mapping, stopping, preventing, minimising, monitoring, and communicating the actual and potential negative consequences of our company’s activities on people and the environment. Entra performs due diligence activities relating to people and the environment. The table below outlines the specific processes and their location in the Sustainability statement.
| Core elements of environmental and social due diligence | Pages |
|---|---|
| Embedding due diligence in governance, strategy and business model | 76–77 , 83– 87 , 99-103 , 121 , 137 , 147 , 154 |
| Engaging with affected stakeholders in all key steps of the due diligence | 76 , 81 , 89–90 , 104 , 106 , 122 , 138 , 139 , 148 , 149 , 155 |
| Identifying and assessing adverse impacts | 83–87 , 89–90 , 99–103 , 121 , 137 , 147 , 154 |
| Taking actions to address those adverse impacts | 104–106 , 122–123 , 140 , 150 –151 |
| Tracking effectiveness of these efforts and communicating | 107–119 , 123–126 , 141–145 , 151 , 156 |
GOV-5 Risk management and internal controls over sustainability reporting
Going forward, Entra will improve and further develop routines for internal control of sustainability reporting, to ensure that the reporting is accurate and reliable.
SMB-1 Strategy, business models and value chain
Entra is one of Norway's leading real estate companies and is listed on the Euronext Oslo Stock Exchange. The company's main business areas include property development, letting, and property management. Entra operates in Norway and is part of the ESRS sector, Real Estate & Services (RRS).
Entra’s own activities
- Letting: Entra lets office spaces to a variety of tenants, including public sector entities, private companies, and other organisations. The customer portfolio is characterised by solid tenants on long lease contracts. At year-end 2024, the occupancy ratio was 94.3 per cent. Public sector tenants accounted for 52 per cent of total rental income.
- Property management: Entra manages a diverse portfolio of office properties, ensuring that the buildings meet high standards of functionality, sustainability, and tenant satisfaction. At the end of 2024, the management portfolio consisted of 73 properties, with a total area of 1 160 522 square meters (sqm).
- Property development: The company engages in the development of new office buildings and the redevelopment of existing properties. At the end of 2024, the project portfolio consisted of 4 properties, with a total area of 71 536 sqm, and 4 development sites, with a total area of 98 187 sqm. The construction work is being carried out by contractors on behalf of Entra.
As a leading property owner and developer in the Norwegian market, Entra plays an important role in urban development within and around the property clusters the company is present. At the end of 2024, Entra had 183 employees. The company’s key inputs are construction materials/products, energy, capital employed, and labor. The key outputs are the letting and management of modern, flexible, and environmentally friendly properties, located in clusters near public transportation hubs in and around the largest cities in Norway.
Strategy
The company's business strategy focuses on achieving profitable growth, being the preffered office provider, and environmental leadership. Environmental leadership means that Entra aims to be at the forefront of commercialising environmental initiatives to maximise long-term value creation. This focus on environmental leadership has been an integral part of the business strategy for over 15 years. During the reporting period, Entra divested all its 13 management properties in Trondheim. In addition, Entra divested three properties in Oslo and one in Bergen.
Entra’s upstream value chain:
- Extraction of raw materials: Entra depends on the extraction of raw materials, such as sand, metals, minerals, and timber, which are essential for the construction and maintenance of their buildings.
- Processing and production: The raw materials are processed into essential components for construction and property management, such as construction materials, building components, insulation, software and hardware. Large quantities of construction materials are utilised in the construction and renovation of buildings, with concrete and steel being the most common. The key ingredient in concrete is cement, which is made from limestone extracted from quarries.
- Suppliers: Entra normally spends around NOK 2.5 billion per year on external suppliers. The main suppliers include the largest construction companies in Norway and their sub-suppliers, such as carpenters, electricians, and plumbers. In property management, the primary suppliers are facility service providers, including canteen operations and cleaning services. Entra’s suppliers consist mainly of large Norwegian companies.
Entra’s downstream value chain:
- Use: Entra’s tenants are the primary users of the buildings in its portfolio. By the end of 2024, Entra’s buildings accommodated 50 000 users.
- End-use and waste: Entra’s development projects generate large amounts of waste. More than 1/4 of the waste produced in Norway comes from the building and construction industry. Entra is also responsible for managing the waste from tenants in its management portfolio.# Entra Annual Report 2024
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Entra's value chain
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SMB-2 Interest and views of stakeholders
Entra engages with a diverse group of stakeholders, including shareholders, tenants, debt investors, banks, employees, suppliers, rating agencies, the real estate industry, public authorities and local communities. The primary purpose of the engagement is to enhance sustainability practices, reduce environmental impact, and influence industry standards. Feedback from the stakeholders is integrated into Entra’s sustainability initiatives, such as the implementation of 'Green Benefit Agreements' with tenants and supplier qualification requirements. The stakeholders are classified into two primary groups: affected stakeholders and users of sustainability information. Affected stakeholders are individuals or entities that are or may be impacted by Entra's activities. The users of sustainability information are often the same as those who use Entra’s financial information. The stakeholders' interests are considered in Entra’s materiality assessment, ensuring the company’s sustainability ambitions, actions and targets align with stakeholder expectations. In response to stakeholder input, Entra has made amendments to its strategy and business model. For example, this includes prohibiting the use of hazardous materials. Future steps involve, among other things, enhancing tenant engagement tools. Entra’s Executive Management and supervisory bodies are kept informed about stakeholder views through investor dialogue, customer dialogue, and membership in industry associations.
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Stakeholder engagement
| Category | Description | Engagement | Key topics |
|---|---|---|---|
| Employees | Entra’s employees and potential future employees | Manager-employee dialogue, Employee surveys, Knowledge sharing and teambuilding, Outside work activities, Employer branding activities | Occupational health and safety, Diversity, equality and inclusion, Workplace health and well-being, Employee satisfaction, Leadership development, Talent development, Flexible and efficient work place, Workplace health and well-being |
| Tenants | The tenants in our buildings as well as potential future tenants | Relationship management, Customer satisfaction surveys and feedback, Conferences and meetings, Advisory services, Customer service | Energy efficiency and waste management, Products and services, GHG emissions reduction, Reuse and waste reduction, Future business needs, Responsible business conduct, Technology, Risk, Cost savings, Strategy and priorities, Operational and financial performance |
| Suppliers | Ranging from large construction companies to local businesses | Tenders and negotiations, Supplier audits, Strategic collaboration and long-term relationships, Supplier ESG survey | Shareholder return, Balance sheet management, Availability and price of funding, Macro impact, ESG expectations and performance, Risk, Decarbonisation of the value chain, Impact of new regulations, Market trends and outlook, Real estate market and industry trends, Climate regulations and implications |
| Investors and lenders | Current and potential shareholders and other providers of capital | Quarterly and annual reporting and presentations, Stock exchange releases, press releases and presentations, Investor meetings, Roadshows, conferences and meetings | Contribute to a safer and better local environment |
| Real estate industry | Major real estate companies and other potential partners in the industry | Engagement in industry associations, Partnerships and joint ventures | HSE training, HSE risk assessment, Personal goals and development plans, Leadership training, Talent management and succession planning |
| Public authorities | The bodies shaping tomorrow’s regulations and policies | Meetings with politicians and policymakers, Engagement in policy making processes | Green Benefit Agreements and environmental addendums to lease contracts, Tenant specific sustainability information |
| Local communities | Neighbourhood communities around our buildings and selected clusters | Neighborhood cooperation, Participation in planning processes | Strategic collaboration, Supplier qualification requirements, Requirements for the procurement process, Supplier due diligence, Sustainability requirements in tenders, Communication on strategic priorities and performance, ESG Reporting, Hosting market meetings and events, Building partnerships, Sustainable urban development, Commitment to Science Based Targets, Sponsorships and cooperations with social entrepreneurs, Defining targets for social sustainability |
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SMB-3 Material impacts, risks and opportunities and their interaction with strategy and business model
In the double materiality analysis, Entra has identified and assessed its potential and actual positive and negative impacts on sustainability topics defined by ESRS (impact materiality). Entra has also identified financial risks and opportunities related to these sustainability topics (financial materiality). The double materiality analysis uncovers impacts, risks, and opportunities that arise both within Entra’s business operations and in its value chain, forming the basis for the group’s sustainability reporting. Based on the double materiality analysis, Entra has identified the following material impacts, risks, and opportunities (IROs):
| Environment | Description of IROs # Sustainability | General information
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This can provide a competitive advantage in attracting tenants.
Opportunity
- Financial impact: ● Use E5 Resource use and circularity Resource inflows and resource use Consumption of construction materials in newbuild, redevelopment and refurbishment and maintenance projects.
Actual negative impact
- ● Property development Reuse of construction products in projects imposes increased costs due to the lack of a well-functioning market and infrastructure, which limits availability. Another barrier is the legal framework, which makes it time-consuming and costly to ensure and document the quality of recycled materials as required by law.
- Risk:
- Financial impact: ● Property development Waste Waste from newbuild, redevelopment, refurbishment and maintenance projects and the headquarters and other offices.
- Actual negative impact:
- ● Property development Disposal of waste from tenants.
- Actual negative impact:
- ● Use.
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Social
| Topic | Sub-topic | Description of IROs | Category | Time horizon | Interaction with business operations and value chain | Short term | Medium term | Long term | Upstream | Own operations | Downstream |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S1 | Own workforce | Working conditions Health and safety Accidents due to unsafe working conditions | Potential negative impact | ● Administration | Property development | Property management | ● | ||||
| Accidents due to unsafe working conditions can negatively impact a company's reputation. | Risk | ||||||||||
| Reputation | |||||||||||
| Financial impact | |||||||||||
| Equal treatment and opportunities for all Training and skill development | |||||||||||
| Training and skill development within the organisation | Potential negative impact | ● Administration | Property development | Property management | ● | ||||||
| Good opportunities for skill development within the company can lead to increased employee motivation. This, in turn, can result in higher productivity and reduced turnover. | Opportunity | ||||||||||
| Financial impact | |||||||||||
| Administration | Property development | Property management | Diversity and inclusion Lack of diversity within the organisation | Potential negative impact | ● Administration | Property development | Property management | ||||
| Lack of diversity within the organisation can have a negative impact on productivity, employee morale and employee turnover. | Risk | ||||||||||
| Financial impact | |||||||||||
| Administration | Property development | Property management | |||||||||
| S2 | Workers in the value chain | Working conditions Violations of employee rights in the value chain, such as working hours, safety and salary | Potential negative impact | ● Extraction and processing of raw materials | Manufacturing | Suppliers | ● | ● | |||
| Violation of employee rights in the value chain may result in loss of reputation, fines, and compensation claims. | Risk | ||||||||||
| Reputation | |||||||||||
| Financial impact | |||||||||||
| Other work- related rights Violations of human rights in the value chain | Potential negative impact | ● Extraction and processing of raw materials | Manufacturing | Suppliers | ● | ● | |||||
| Violation of human rights in the value chain may result in loss of reputation, fines, and compensation claims. | Risk | ||||||||||
| Reputation | |||||||||||
| Financial impact | |||||||||||
| Extraction and processing of raw materials | Manufacturing | Suppliers |
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Governance
| Topic | Sub-topic | Description of IROs | Category | Time horizon | Interaction with business operations and value chain | Short term | Medium term | Long term | Upstream | Own operations | Downstream |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| G1 | Business conduct | Corporate culture Non-compliance with the Entra’s requirements, expectations or the law, may cause financial loss or damage to Entra’s reputation. | Risk | ● Administration | Property development | Property management | ● | ||||
| Reputation | |||||||||||
| Financial impact | |||||||||||
| Management of relationship with suppliers By placing demands on suppliers concerning environmental and social impacts, as well as business conduct, Entra can leverage its bargaining power to influence their behaviour. | Potential positive impact | ● Suppliers | |||||||||
| By placing demands on our suppliers regarding environmental and social impacts, as well as business conduct, Entra reduces the likelihood of being indirectly involved in negative events within the value chain, which could weaken the company’s reputation. | Opportunity | Reputation | |||||||||
| Suppliers | Corruption and bribery Corruption and bribery within own business and value chain | Potential negative impact | ● Suppliers | Administration | Property development | Property management | |||||
| Incidents of corruption and bribery can result in loss of reputation, fines, and compensation claims. | Risk | Reputation | Financial impact | ||||||||
| Suppliers | Administration | Property development | Property management |
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To mitigate the company's negative impacts and risks, as well as to enhance positive impacts and opportunities, Entra has set the following environmental, social, and governance ambitions:
Entra’s sustainability ambitions
Environment
- Adapt the property portfolio and operations to ensure resilience against future climate change impacts.
- Reduce greenhouse gas emissions from our own operations and value chain, in line with the 1.5-degree target and achieve climate neutrality by 2050.
- Build properties located in clusters around public transportation hubs.
- Enhance energy efficiency and increase the use of renewable energy.
- Limit the consumption of resources and increase circularity.
Social
- Maintain a safe and healthy working environment.
- Promote a culture of continuous learning and improvement.
- Foster a diverse and inclusive workplace.
- Ensure that employees throughout the value chain are provided with decent working conditions and that their human rights are safeguarded.
Governance
- Ensure that Entra’s business and value chain operates in an ethical and sustainable manner.
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IRO-1 Description of the processes to identify and assess material impacts, risks and opportunities
During 2024, Entra conducted a double materiality assessment. In performing the materiality assessment, the company adhered to the European Financial Reporting Advisory Group (EFRAG) four-step process, defined in 'The materiality assessment implementation guidance'. The double materiality assessment was performed using a top-down approach and covers the whole value chain related to Entra’s core activities:
Phase 1: Understand
In the first phase, Entra's value chain and activities were mapped to provide an understanding of where impacts, risks and opportunities could arise. The exercise was conducted by a group of Entra’s key personnel.
Phase 2: Identify
In second phase, actual and potential impacts, risks and opportunities (IROs) across Entra's value chain were identified through workshops, documentation analysis and dialogue with stakeholders. The project conducted interviews with internal and external stakeholders. The results of stakeholder perspectives on the relevance of the various sustainability matters were summarised. Each impact was considered in light of whether they imposed any risks or opportunities.
Phase 3: Assess
In the third phase, the long list of identified impacts, risks and opportunities were calibrated and adjusted before scoring. The scoring methodology applied is based on an assessment of consequence and likelihood, in accordance with methodology outlined in the European Sustainability Reporting Standards (ESRS). In the scoring process, impacts were evaluated first, followed by risks and opportunities. A scoring guide was developed to assist the scoring process, with the aim to distinguish the material IROs from the less material IROs for Entra. The materiality of an impact was assessed by calculating the average of effect, scale, and irremediability, along with evaluating its likelihood of occurrence. Similarly, the materiality of a risk or opportunity was assessed by considering its consequence and likelihood of occurrence.
Phase 4: Determine
In the final phase, threshold values for topics to be defined as material for sustainability reporting were established. These threshold values were set in accordance with Entra's existing risk matrix.# Sustainability | General information
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Impact, risk and opportunity management
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Environment
Climate change
Pollution
Water and marine resources
Biodiversity and ecosystems
Resource use and circularity
Social
Own workforce
Workers in the value chain
Affected communities
Consumer and end-users
Governance
Business conduct
Entra’s double materiality analysis
| Low | Medium | High | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Financial materiality | |||
| Impact materiality |
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IRO-2 ESRS disclosure Index
The following tables list the ESRS disclosure requirements covered by the company’s sustainability statement. Disclosure requirements incorporated by reference are indicated by *.
Cross-cutting standards
| Topic | Disclosure | Page | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| ESRS 2 – General disclosures | |||
| Basis for preparation | BP-1-General basis for preparation of sustainability statements | 7, 73–74 | |
| BP-2-Disclosures in relation to specific circumstances | 74 | ||
| Governance | GOV-1-The role of administrative, management and supervisory bodies | 75 | |
| GOV-2-Information provided to and sustainability matters addressed by the undertaking’s administrative management and supervisory bodies | 76 | ||
| GOV-3-Integration of sustainability-related performance in incentive schemes | 77 | ||
| GOV-4-Statement on due diligence | 77 | ||
| GOV-5-Risk management and internal controls over sustainability reporting | 77 | ||
| Strategy | SMB-1-Strategy, business model and value chain | 7, 78–80 | |
| SMB-2-Interest and views of stakeholders | 81–82 | ||
| SMB-3-Material impacts, risks and opportunities and their interaction with strategy and business model | 83–87, 99–103, 121, 137, 147, 154 | ||
| IRO- management | IRO-1-Description of the process to identify and assess material impacts, risks and opportunities | 8, 89–90 | |
| IRO-2-Disclosure requirements in ESRS covered by the undertaking’s sustainability statement | 91–93 |
Environmental standards
| Topic | Disclosure | Page | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| ESRS E1 Climate change | E1, GOV3 (ESRS 2) Integration of sustainability-related performance in incentive scheme | 77 | |
| E1-1 Transition plan for climate change mitigation | 103 | Under preparation | |
| E1, SMB-3 (ESRS 2) Material impacts, risks, and opportunities, and their interaction with strategy and business model | 83–84, 99–103 | ||
| E1, IRO-1 (ESRS 2) Description of the processes to identify and assess material climate- related impacts, risks, and opportunities | 8, 89–90 | ||
| E1-2 Policies related to climate change mitigation and adaption | 104 | ||
| E1-3 Actions and resources in relation to climate change policies | 104–106 | ||
| E1-4 Targets related to climate change mitigation and adaption | 107–108 | ||
| E1-5 Energy consumption mix | 119 | ||
| E1-6 Gross Scopes 1,2,3 and Total GHG emissions | 109–118 | ||
| E1-7 GHG removals and GHG mitigation projects financed through carbon credits | 119 | ||
| E1-8 Internal carbon pricing | 119 | ||
| E1-9 Anticipated financial effects from material and physical and transition risks and potential climate-related opportunities | n/a | Not conducted in this year's reporting |
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| Topic | Disclosure | Page | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| ESRS E5 Resource use and circular economy | E5, IRO-1 (ESRS 2) Description of the processes to identify and assess material resource use and circular economy-related impacts, risks, and opportunities | 8, 89–90 | |
| E5-1 Policies related to resource use and circular economy | 122 | ||
| E5-2 Actions and resources related to resource use and circular economy | 122–123 | ||
| E5-3 Targets related to resource use and circular economy | 123 | ||
| E5-4 Resource inflows | 124–125 | ||
| E5-5 Resource outflows | 125–126 | ||
| E5-6 Anticipated financial effects from resource use and circular economy-related risks and opportunities | n/a | Not conducted in this year's reporting |
Social standards
| Topic | Disclosure | Page | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| ESRS S1 Own workforce | S1, SBM-2 (ESRS 2) Interests and views of stakeholders | 8, 81–82 | |
| S1, SBM-3 (ESRS 2) Material impacts, risks, and opportunities and their interaction with strategy and business model | 85, 137 | ||
| S1-1 Policies related to own workforce | 138 | ||
| S1-2 Processes for engaging with own workers and workers’ representatives about impacts | 139 | ||
| S1-3 Processes to remediate negative impacts and channels for own workers to raise concerns | 139 | ||
| S1-4 Taking action on material impacts on own workforce, and approaches to mitigating material risks and pursuing material opportunities related to own workforce, and effectiveness of those actions | 140 | ||
| S1-5 Targets related to managing material negative impacts, advancing positive impacts, and managing material risks and opportunities | 141 | ||
| S1-6 Characteristics of the undertaking’s employees | 142–144 | ||
| S1-7 Characteristics of non-employee workers in the undertaking’s own workforce | 173 | ||
| S1-8 Collective bargaining coverage and social dialogue | n/a | Not material | |
| S1-9 Diversity metrics | 145 | ||
| S1-10 Adequate wages | n/a | Not material | |
| S1-11 Social protection | n/a | Not material | |
| S1-12 Persons with disabilities | Entra regards information about employees with disabilities as sensitive |
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| Topic | Disclosure | Page | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| S1-13 Training and skills development metrics | 145 | ||
| S1-14 Health and safety metrics | 144 | ||
| S1-15 Work-life balance metrics | n/a | Not material | |
| S1-16 Compensation metrics (pay gap and total compensation) | n/a | Not material | |
| S1-17 Incidents, complaints and severe human rights impacts | n/a | ||
| ESRS S2 Workers in the value chain | S2, SBM-2 (ESRS 2) Interests and views of stakeholders | 8, 81–82 | |
| S2, SMB-3 (ESRS 2) Material impacts, risks, and opportunities and their interaction with strategy and business model | 86, 147 | ||
| S2-1 Policies related to value chain workers | 148 | ||
| S2-2 Processes for engaging with value chain workers about impacts | 149 | ||
| S2-3 Processes to remediate negative impacts and channels for value chain workers to raise concerns | 149 | ||
| S2-4 Taking action on material impacts on value chain workers, and approaches to managing material risks and pursuing material opportunities related to value chain workers, and effectiveness of those actions | 150 | ||
| S2-5 Targets related to managing material negative impacts, advancing positive impacts, and managing material risks and opportunities | 151 |
Governance standards
| Topic | Disclosure | Page | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| ESRS G1 Business conduct | G1, GOV-1 (ESRS 2) The role of the administrative, supervisory, and management bodies | 75 | |
| G1, IRO-1 (ESRS 2) Description of the processes to identify and assess material impacts, risks, and opportunities | 8, 89–90 | ||
| G1-1 Business conduct policies and corporate culture | 156 | ||
| G1-2 Management of relationship withs with suppliers | 156 | ||
| G1-3 Prevention and detection of corruption and bribery | 156 | ||
| G1-4 Confirmed incidents of corruption and bribery | 156 | ||
| G1-5 Political influence and lobbying activities | n/a | ||
| G1-6 Payment practice | 156 |
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Datapoints from other EU legislations
The following tables include all of the data points that derive from other EU legislation as listed in ESRS 2, appendix B.
| Section | Data point | Disclosure requirement | SFDR reference | Pillar 3 reference | Benchmark Regulation reference | EU Climate Law reference | Material (Yes/No) | Page |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ESRS 2 | GOV-1 21 (d) Board's gender diversity | ● | ● | Yes | 75 | |||
| GOV-1 21 (e) Percentage of board members who are independent | ● | Yes | 75 | |||||
| GOV-4 30 Statement on due diligence | ● | Yes | 77 | |||||
| SBM-1 40 (d) i Involvement in activities related to fossil fuel activities | ● | ● | ● | n/a | – | |||
| SBM-1 40 (d) ii Involvement in activities related to chemical production | ● | n/a | – | |||||
| SBM-1 40 (d) iii Involvement in activities related to controversial weapons | ● | n/a | – | |||||
| SBM-1 40 (d) iv Involvement in activities related to cultivation and production of tobacco | n/a | – | ||||||
| ESRS E1 | E1-1 14 Transition plan to reach climate neutrality by 2050 | ● | Yes | 103 | ||||
| E1-1 16 (g) Undertakings excluded from Paris-aligned Benchmarks | ● | ● | ● | n/a | – | |||
| E1-4 34 GHG emission reduction targets | ● | ● | ● | ● | Yes | 107 | ||
| E1-5 38 Energy consumption from fossil sources disaggregated by sources (only high climate impact sectors) | ● | Yes | 119 | |||||
| E1-5 37 Energy consumption and mix | ● | Yes | 119 | |||||
| E1-5 43 Energy intensity associated with activities in high climate impact sectors | ● | Yes | 119 | |||||
| E1-6 44 Gross Scope 1, 2, 3 and Total GHG emissions | ● | ● | ● | ● | Yes | 109–118 | ||
| E1-6 53-55 Gross GHG emissions intensity | ● | ● | ● | ● | Yes | 109 | ||
| E1-7 56 GHG removals and carbon credits | ● | Yes | 119 | |||||
| E1-9 66 Exposure of the benchmark portfolio to climate-related physical risks paragraph | ● | n/a | – | |||||
| E1-9 66 (a) Disaggregation of monetary amounts by acute and chronic physical risk | ● | n/a | – |
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| Section | Data point | Disclosure requirement | SFDR reference | Pillar 3 reference | Benchmark Regulation reference | EU Climate Law reference | Material (Yes/No) | Page |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| E1-9 66 (c) Location of significant assets at material physical risk | ● | n/a | – | |||||
| E1-9 67 (c) Breakdown of the carrying value of its real estate assets by energy-efficiency | ● | n/a | – | |||||
| E1-9 69 Degree of exposure of the portfolio to climate-related opportunities paragraph | ● | n/a | – | |||||
| E2-4 28 Amount of each pollutant |
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Section Data point Disclosure requirement SFDR reference Pillar 3 reference Benchmark Regulation reference EU Climate Law reference Material (Yes/No) Page
| Section | Data point | Disclosure requirement | SFDR reference | Pillar 3 reference | Benchmark Regulation reference | EU Climate Law reference | Material (Yes/No) | Page |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ESRS E3-1 | 9 Water and marine resources | ● No | – | |||||
| ESRS E3-1 | 13 Dedicated policy | ● No | – | |||||
| ESRS E3-1 | 14 Sustainable oceans and seas | ● No | – | |||||
| ESRS E3-4 | 28 (c) Total water recycled and reused | ● No | – | |||||
| ESRS E3-4 | 29 Total water consumption in m 3 per net revenue on own operations | ● No | – | |||||
| ESRS 2-IRO 1 - E4 | 16 (a) i – | ● No | – | |||||
| ESRS 2-IRO 1 - E4 | 16 (b) – | ● No | – | |||||
| ESRS 2-IRO 1 - E4 | 16 (c) – | ● No | – | |||||
| ESRS E4-2 | 24 (b) Sustainable land / agriculture practices or policies | ● No | – | |||||
| ESRS E4-2 | 24 (c) Sustainable oceans / seas practices or policies | ● No | – | |||||
| ESRS E4-2 | 24 (d) Policies to address deforestation paragraph | ● No | – | |||||
| ESRS E5-5 | 37 (d) Non-recycled waste | ● Yes | 126 | |||||
| ESRS E5-5 | 39 Hazardous waste and radioactive waste | ● Yes | 126 | |||||
| ESRS 2-SBM3 - S1 | 14 (f) Risk of incidents of forced labour | ● No | – | |||||
| ESRS 2-SBM3 - S1 | 14 (g) Risk of incidents of child labour | ● No | – | |||||
| ESRS S1-1 | 20 Human rights policy commitments | ● Yes | 138 | |||||
| ESRS S1-1 | 21 Due diligence policies on issues addressed by the fundamental International Labor Organisation Conventions 1 to 8 | ● ● n/a | – | |||||
| ESRS S1-1 | 22 Processes and measures for preventing trafficking in human beings | ● n/a | – | |||||
| ESRS S1-1 | 23 Workplace accident prevention policy or management system | ● Yes | 138 | |||||
| ESRS S1-3 | 32 (c) Grievance/complaints handling mechanisms | ● Yes | 139 | |||||
| ESRS S1-14 | 88 (e) and (c) Number of fatalities and number and rate of work-related accidents | ● ● Yes | 144 | |||||
| ESRS S1-14 | 88 (e) Number of days lost to injuries, accidents, fatalities or illness | ● Yes | 144 | |||||
| ESRS S1-16 | 97 (a) Unadjusted gender pay gap | ● ● No | – | |||||
| ESRS S1-16 | 97 (b) Excessive CEO pay ratio | ● No | – | |||||
| ESRS S1-17 | 103 (a) Incidents of discrimination | ● No | – | |||||
| ESRS S1-17 | 104 (a) Non-respect of UNGPs on Business and Human Rights and OECD guidelines | ● ● No | – | |||||
| ESRS 2-SBM3 - S2 | 11 (b) Significant risk of child labour or forced labour in the value chain | ● Yes | 86 , 147 | |||||
| ESRS S2-1 | 17 Human rights policy commitments | ● Yes | 148 | |||||
| ESRS S2-1 | 18 Policies related to value chain workers | ● Yes | 148 | |||||
| ESRS S2-1 | 19 Non-respect of UNGPs on Business and Human Rights and OECD guidelines | ● ● Yes | 148 | |||||
| ESRS S2-1 | 19 Due diligence policies on issues addressed by the fundamental International Labor Organisation Conventions 1 to 8 | ● Yes | 148 | |||||
| ESRS S2-4 | 36 Human rights issues and incidents connected to its upstream and downstream value chain | ● Yes | 150 | |||||
| ESRS S3-1 | 16 Human rights policy commitments | ● No | – | |||||
| ESRS S3-1 | 17 Non-respect of UNGPs on Business and Human Rights, ILO principles or and OECD guidelines | ● ● No | – | |||||
| ESRS S3-4 | 36 Human rights issues and incidents | ● No | – | |||||
| ESRS S4-1 | 16 Policies related to consumers and end-users | ● No | – | |||||
| ESRS S4-1 | 17 Non-respect of UNGPs on Business and Human Rights and OECD guidelines | ● ● No | – | |||||
| ESRS S4-4 | 35 Human rights issues and incidents | ● No | – | |||||
| ESRS G1-1 | 10 (b) United Nations Convention against Corruption | ● n/a | – | |||||
| ESRS G1-1 | 10 (d) Protection of whistleblowers | ● Yes | 155 | |||||
| ESRS G1-4 | 24 (a) Fines for violation of anti- corruption and anti-bribery laws | ● ● Yes | 156 | |||||
| ESRS G1-4 | 24 (b) Standards of anti-corruption and anti-bribery | ● n/a | – |
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E1 Climate change 98
E5 Resource use and circular economy 120
EU Taxonomy 127
Sustainability | Environmental information
Part of the Board of Director's report
E1 Climate change
Climate change adaption
Acute physical climate changes: Risk
Cronic physical climate changes: Risk
Policies and regulations aimed at reducing negative climate impacts: Risk
The adoption of new technologies to mitigate climate change: Risk, Opportunity
Increasingly stricter climate policy and regulations: Risk, Opportunity
Adapting to climate change and reducing negative climate impacts: Risk, Opportunity
Climate change mitigation
GHG emissions from own operations and value chain: Actual negative impact
Properties with a central location, close to public transport hubs: Actual positive impact, Opportunity
Energy
Energy consumption in own operations and value chain: Actual negative impact
Energy-efficient buildings: Opportunity
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SMB-3 Entra’s impact, risks and opportunities
Climate change adaption
Both physical climate changes and changes arising from the transition to a low-emission society entail risks and opportunities that Entra must adapt to.
Climate risk and resilience assessment
Physical climate risk
Acute physical climate changes, such as extreme weather events, can cause physical damage to, and reduced value of, Entra’s properties, which constitutes most of Entra’s balance sheet. It can also lead to increased insurance costs and reduced customer satisfaction. In addition, climate changes can lead to delays in construction projects. Chronic climate changes, such as higher temperatures, more extreme weather and precipitation, require our buildings to be climate resilient. This need for resilience can result in higher construction costs and increased maintenance expenses. In 2021, Entra conducted a physical climate risk and resilience assessment for the majority of the buildings in its property portfolio, in collaboration with Norconsult. The purpose of this assessment was to enhance the understanding of the physical climate risks to which the asset portfolio is vulnerable and to identify which properties are exposed to greater physical climate risks than others. The analysis assesses both acute and chronic physical climate risks related to temperature, wind, water, and solid mass.
Introduction
Greenhouse gas emissions enhance the greenhouse effect, resulting in global warming and climate changes, such as more frequent and severe extreme weather events and rising sea levels. The consequences of greenhouse gas emissions include reduced access to food and water, humanitarian disasters, greater economic inequalities, loss of biodiversity and ecosystems, and damage to infrastructure and buildings. Most greenhouse gas emissions are attributed to CO 2. Since the majority of global energy relies on fossil fuels, energy consumption significantly contributes to greenhouse gas emissions and, consequently, to global warming and climate changes. Approximately 15 per cent of Norwegian greenhouse gas emissions originate from the construction industry. Climate change may directly or indirectly impact a company’s operations. For example, extreme weather events can damage assets.
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The method used for mapping and analysing climate risks is in accordance with the requirements specified in BREEAM In-Use version 6, the EU Taxonomy and the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) framework. The analysis covers the subjects Rsl 01, Rsl 03, and Rsl 06 in BREEAM In-Use and the table in Appendix A to Annex 1 and 2 of the Climate Delegated Act of the EU Taxonomy.
Acute and chronic climate changes included in the risk and resilience assessment:
| Type | Temperature-related | Wind-related | Water-related | Solid mass-related |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chronic | Changing temperature (air, freshwater, marine water) | Changing wind patterns | Changing precipitation patterns and types (rain, hail, snow/ice) | Coastal erosion |
| | | | Heat stress | Soil degradation |
| | | | Precipitation or hydrological variability | Soil erosion |
| | | | Permafrost thawing | Solifluction |
| | | | Saline intrusion | |
| | | | Sea level rise | |
| | | | Water stress | |
| Acute | Heat wave | Cyclones, hurricanes, typhoons | Drought | Avalanche |
| | | | Landslide | |
| | | | Wildfire | |
| | | | Tornadoes | |
| | | | Flood (coastal, fluvial, pluvial, ground water) | |
| | | | Subsidence | |
| | | | Glacial lake outburst | |
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The SSP1-RCP2.6 scenario depicts a future where the world follows a sustainable# Sustainability | Environmental information
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development pathway and successfully implements policies to keep global warming below 2°C. In contrast, the SSP2-RCP4.5 scenario envisions a more moderate future, with less intensive efforts to address climate change compared to SSP1-RCP2.6. This results in higher emissions and a global temperature rise of 1.8°C to 2.5°C by the end of the century compared to pre-industrial levels. The SSP3-RCP7.0 scenario illustrates a future with limited efforts to mitigate negative climate impacts, leading to high emissions and a global temperature rise of approximately 3°C to 4°C by the end of the century compared to pre-industrial levels. Finally, the RCP8.5 scenario represents a future with even more severe negative climate impacts, projecting a global temperature rise above 4°C by the end of the century compared to pre-industrial levels. The simulations have been run through a historical period (1990–2014) and a future period (2015–2100) for each scenario, giving a total of six sets of climate data (two models with three scenarios each). The climate data have been controlled against actual historical measurements, and the model which gave the best fit has been used to analyse the different scenarios and different 30- or 20-year periods in the future. The climate data have then been used for temperature-related risk and wind- related risk. Changes in wind and temperature have been considered for three scenarios for short (2020–2049), medium (2050–2079) and long (2080–2099) time horizons.
Water-related risks
Flood risk has been assessed based on a review of existing information and a qualitative assessment by flood risk experts. Where available, flood risk maps produced by NVE (The Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate), Kartverket (The Norwegian Mapping Authority), or local authorities have been used. ScalgoLive has also been utilised to identify local pathways for surface water flow and upstream catchment areas. Existing and future sea levels are provided by The Norwegian Mapping Authority, based on data from the Norwegian Directorate for Civil Protection (DSB). Risks related to future sea level rises have been assessed based on scenario RCP8.5 for the period 2081–2100. The RCP8.5 scenario represents a future with even more severe negative climate impacts, projecting a global temperature rise above 4°C by the end of the century compared to pre-industrial levels. Sea levels are expected to rise by between 46 cm (Oslo) and 78 cm (Stavanger). Risks related to future changes in rainfall intensity and flood flows in 2100 have been assessed based on the relevant regional profile from the Norwegian Centre for Climate Services. In the Oslo area, short-term rainfall intensity is expected to increase by up to 50 per cent, while flood flows in larger rivers may increase by around 20 per cent. In accordance with BREEAM, properties with an annual probability of flooding greater than 0.5 per cent (200-year return period) have been assessed as high risk, whereas properties with an annual probability of flooding of less than 0.1 per cent (1 000-year return period) have been assessed as low risk. Existing mitigation measures, such as non-return valves and waterproofing of basements, have been taken into account when assessing flood risk.
Mass-related risks
The methods and acceptance criteria used to analyse mass-related risks are specified in the Regulations on Technical Requirements for Construction Works (TEK17) and NVE's guidelines on quick clay landslide safety (Veileder Nr. 1/2019 Sikkerhet mot kvikkleireskred). According to the acceptance criteria in TEK17, Entra's properties must be assessed with an annual probability of experiencing different types of landslides, avalanches, and rockslides corresponding to a return period of less than 5 000 years (safety class S3). Assessments regarding quick clay landslides are conducted using special criteria based on consequence (tiltakskategori K4). An initial assessment of hazards related to quick clay landslides, avalanches, and rockslides has been undertaken by an expert group with geotechnical and geological expertise. Hazards related to individual buildings are then examined more closely to determine risk. NVE has mapped various types of landslides, avalanches, and rockslides to identify and determine the degree of hazard and consequence for potentially exposed areas. NVE has also mapped quick clay zones, indicating the degree of hazard, consequence, and risk of quick clay landslides. These maps, along with geotechnical reports available for individual buildings or clusters of buildings, are then studied, and NVE's guidelines are used to determine the actual risk.
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Transition risk and opportunities
Transition risks and opportunities arise from the shift to a low-emission society. Entra has mapped and assessed the company’s transition risks and opportunities based on the TCFD framework. The TCFD framework divides transition risks and opportunities into four categories: regulatory risk, technological risk, market risk, and reputational risk:
- Regulatory risk: Policies and regulations aimed at reducing negative climate impacts, such as the EU’s Building Energy Directive, may impose increased costs.
- Technology risk: The adoption of new technologies to mitigate climate change, such as low-carbon materials, solar panels and emission-free vehicles and machinery, can also lead to higher costs.
- Market risk: Increasingly stricter climate policy and regulations may boost the demand for climate-friendly products and services. Our tenants, lenders and investors all have their own goals for reducing their negative climate impact. Consequently, the demand for green buildings is expected to increase in the coming years, while we expect it to be less attractive to rent, finance and invest in non-green buildings.
- Reputational risk: Adapting to climate change and reducing negative climate impacts are crucial for a business’s competitiveness and reputation. Tenants, investors, lenders and employees are expected to favor businesses that proactively address climate change. For instance, banks and insurance companies offer more favourable loans and insurance terms to buildings with green certifications.
Overall, Entra’s portfolio shows high resilience to physical climate changes. Entra’s portfolio and operations are also resilient to transition risks. For more than a decade, environmental sustainability has been a central part of Entra’s business strategy. Consequently, Entra has been an early adopter in the development, upgrading, and operation of sustainable buildings, helping to mitigate risks associated with climate change. Although the risk is low, a process and path forward with concrete measures have been proposed to further strengthen Entra's resilience against physical climate changes. Instructions for handling natural hazards have been developed as part of the buildings' emergency preparedness plans. In addition, further security measures will be implemented on the 8-10 buildings that account for approximately 50 per cent of the damage potential, in the coming year. Climate risk is included in the company’s risk assessment and is continuously monitored. Entra’s actions related to climate change adaptation are described in more detail on page 104.
Climate change mitigation
Entra has a negative impact on climate change mitigation. As one of Norway's largest real estate companies, Entra contributes to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through its operations and value chain. Entra’s largest GHG emissions derive from material consumption. There are particularly high emissions associated with the production of concrete and steel, which are the most used materials. Additionally, there are GHG emissions related to the transport of construction materials from the factory to the construction site. Construction site activities, such as the use of machinery and equipment, heating, transport of materials, and the transport of people to and from the construction site, also result in emissions. This also applies to demolition and waste management. However, by providing office buildings in central locations close to public transport hubs, Entra helps reduce national transport emissions. Additionally, centrally located buildings near public transportation hubs represent an opportunity for Entra, as they are more attractive to tenants, thereby increasing property value and rental income. Entra aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from its own operations and value chain in accordance with the 1.5-degree target set by the Paris Agreement, with the goal of achieving climate neutrality by 2050. To accomplish this, the company has committed to the Science Based Target initiative (SBTi) and submitted its GHG emission reduction targets to SBTi for validation.
Energy
Entra also has a negative impact on energy consumption, using energy at every stage of its value chain. The largest consumption occurs during material production and the operation of the company's property portfolio throughout its lifecycle. Approximately 40 per cent of global energy consumption is related to the operation of buildings. Specifically in Norway, about 80 per cent of the energy consumption in buildings is derived from electricity. In addition to mitigating negative climate impacts, implementing energy-efficient buildings presents an opportunity for Entra, as it results in reduced energy costs for the company's tenants. This can provide a competitive advantage in attracting tenants.
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Entra aims to improve energy efficiency and increase the use of renewable energy in its property portfolio.
Transition plan for climate change mitigation (Roadmap to net-zero)
Entra has through its commitment to the Science Based Targets Initiative committed to reduce the company’s emissions in alignment with the Paris Agreement. This includes reducing:
- In-use operational GHG emissions of owned buildings
- Upfront embodied emissions of new buildings (Other)
- Absolute scope 3 GHG emissions
Entra is currently in the process of preparing a transition plan that outlines decarbonisation levers, and their estimated quantitative contributions reach net-zero. See page 107 for further information about Entra’s SBTi-targets.
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E1-2 Policies
Entra is dedicated to environmental leadership as one of its three strategic pillars. The company’s Environmental strategy outlines its environmental direction and ambitions. The strategy addresses climate change adaptation, climate change mitigation, energy efficiency, biodiversity, and resource use and waste. The strategy explicitly states that Entra shall commit to science-based targets and reach carbon neutrality by 2050. To achieve its environmental ambitions, the strategy emphasises the importance of working together with key stakeholders. This involves, among other things, collaborating with tenants on environmental initiatives and working with suppliers to improve environmental performance. Entra’s environmental strategy covers all of Entra's activities, including the property portfolio, development projects, and organisational operations, and applies to all geographical locations where Entra operates. The EVP Project Development is responsible for implementing Entra’s environmental strategy. The strategy is available to all employees on the company intranet.
E1-3 Actions and resources
Climate change adaption
Implementation of physical measures, routines and plans
To mitigate physical climate risks, Entra utilises findings from climate risk and resilience assessments to implement both physical and non-physical adaptations within its development projects and property portfolio. The physical measures include enhancing building envelopes, installing backflow valves, creating blue-green roofs, constructing stormwater retention basins, and deploying mobile flood barriers. These measures effectively manage water-related climate hazards and ensure structural integrity during extreme weather events. Non-physical adaptations involve establishing robust routines and emergency preparedness plans. Instructions for handling natural hazards have been developed as part of the buildings' emergency preparedness plans. These instructions are available in the property management system and are easily accessible to operational personnel. The guidelines include continuous monitoring of weather forecasts and hazard warnings from MET and NVE, as well as preparatory measures to reduce potential damage. Such measures can include inspecting roofs and stormwater drains before anticipated heavy rainfall, securing emergency exits, and taking actions to prevent water intrusion during floods.
Climate change mitigation and energy
Design, upgrade and operate sustainable buildings
Buildings contribute significantly to GHG emissions and energy consumption at all stages of their life cycle. Consequently, it is essential to make informed decisions about how buildings are constructed, operated, maintained, and decommissioned. In accordance with the requirements of TEK17, a life cycle assessment (LCA) for buildings, aligned with the NS 3720 standard, must be conducted for all projects related to commercial buildings and apartment blocks. The standard covers all construction phases, including the product stage (A1-A3), construction process (A4, A5), use stage (B1-B8), and end-of-life stage (C1-C4).
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Entra prepares emission targets for all its projects and consistently works to reduce emissions. Construction materials are the largest contributors to GHG emissions, followed by energy use throughout the buildings' lifespans. Entra aims to design, upgrade, and operate buildings in a manner that minimises GHG emissions and energy consumption. For example, materials are assembled in a way that allows them to be easily disassembled and reused. There is also a special focus on the reuse of materials, the use of low-emission materials, and materials that can be easily dismantled and reused in the future. To reduce energy consumption in buildings, various measures are implemented, such as air-tightening of buildings, enhancing thermal integrity, installing energy-efficient HVAC systems, LED lighting, sensor technology, optimising space utilisation, using renewable energy sources, integrating management systems, and monitoring energy performance. These efforts have yielded significant results. From 2011 to 2024, the energy consumption in the property portfolio has been reduced from 202 kWh/sqm to 122kWh/sqm. The criteria from the EU Taxonomy and BREEAM (Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method) certifications are important tools for the design and operation of sustainable buildings. They also serve as objective verifications of sustainable buildings. As of 31 December 2024, 54 per cent of Entra’s revenue (turnover), 29 per cent of Entra’s CapEx and 22 per cent Entra’s OpEx were EU Taxonomy-aligned. Entra has BREEAM-NOR certified 15 of its newbuild and development projects and has another four in process. Of these, three projects are completed, but are still awaiting their 'as built' certificates, while one project is ongoing. In addition, Entra had BREEAM In-Use certified the asset performance of 16 buildings in the portfolio and has another 2 BREEAM In-Use certifications ongoing. Entra is also Eco-Lighthouse certified in accordance with the criteria for the real estate sector. Performance on environmental KPIs, such as energy consumption and waste management, is a part of Entra’s employee incentive schemes.
EU Taxonomy
The EU Taxonomy is a classification system established by the European Union to provide a clear framework for identifying environmentally sustainable economic activities. For the building sector, the EU Taxonomy sets specific criteria and thresholds that construction and real estate activities must meet to be considered environmentally sustainable. The main objectives are to support climate change mitigation and adaptation, protect water and marine resources, transition to a circular economy, prevent pollution, and protect biodiversity and ecosystems. For new builds, the building's Primary Energy Demand (PED) must be at least 10 per cent lower than the nearly zero-energy building (NZEB) requirements, and the building must achieve energy label A. Redevelopment projects must target at least a 30 per cent reduction in primary energy demand (PED).
BREEAM certification
BREEAM is a globally recognised certification system for assessing the sustainability of buildings and infrastructure. BREEAM evaluates a building's performance across various categories, including energy efficiency, water usage, health and well-being, pollution, transportation, materials, waste, ecology, and management processes. There are two different certifications under the BREEAM framework, targeting different stages of a building's lifecycle. BREEAM-NOR is specific to Norway and focuses on the design and construction phase. BREEAM In-Use is applicable worldwide, including Norway, and focuses on the operational performance of existing buildings.
Eco-Lighthouse certification
The Eco-Lighthouse is a Norwegian certification system designed to help businesses and organisations improve their environmental performance. It covers various areas such as energy use, waste management, transportation, procurement, and working environment.
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Collaboration with key stakeholders
Collaboration with suppliers and tenants plays a vital role in reducing the company’s emissions. This collaboration includes implementing 'Green Benefit Agreements' and environmental addendums to leases. These agreements involve identifying and implementing environmental measures in cooperation with tenants. Tenants reimburse their share of the investment cost through increased rent for a set period, while common costs are reduced due to a more energy-efficient building. Entra, as the property owner, benefits from having a more energy-efficient asset. Since 2011, Entra has signed over 100 Green Benefit Agreements with tenants. Other important initiatives include increasing environmental awareness among building users. For example, monitors displaying current energy use and waste sorting rates have been installed in several buildings. Entra also supports its tenants with sustainability information relevant to their own sustainability reporting. Entra's new environmental monitoring system, Noova, will send detailed reports to tenants, helping them track and improve their environmental performance. Entra also sets high environmental standards for its suppliers. For instance, all large suppliers must document their environmental management systems and sustainability strategies. In development projects, contractors must have targets for their GHG reductions to qualify for delivering services to Entra.# Sustainability | Environmental information
E1-4 Targets Climate change mitigation targets
Entra aims to achieve Net-Zero carbon emissions by 2050, with Near-Term targets in 2030. The targets are 1.5°C-aligned and are sent to the Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) for validation. The targets are developed in accordance with the SBTi buildings sector framework and the corporate cross sector framework. The buildings sector framework applies a Sectoral Decarbonization Approach (SDA) based on carbon intensity convergence, meaning different companies within the sector are expected to move toward a uniform emission intensity. The mandatory buildings targets cover all of Entra’s scope 1 and 2 GHG emissions, but there is not a sufficient coverage of the total scope 3 GHG emissions. Thus, Entra is required to develop additional targets utilising SBTi’s Corporate Near-Term tool and Net-Zero tool.
SBTi Near-Term 2030 Targets:
- Maintain scope 1, 2 and 3 in-use operational GHG emissions of owned buildings at a portfolio level at or below 1.16 kgCO 2 e per sqm by 2030 from a 2023 base year
- Reduce upfront embodied emissions of new buildings 45.5 per cent per sqm by 2030 from a 2023 base year
- Reduce absolute scope 3 GHG emissions generated in operations 42.0 per cent by 2030 from a 2023 base year
SBTi Net-Zero Targets:
- Maintain scope 1, 2 and 3 in-use operational GHG emissions of owned buildings at a portfolio level at or below 1.16 kgCO 2 e per sqm by 2050 from a 2023 base year
- Reduce upfront embodied emissions of new buildings 94.6 per cent per sqm by 2050 from a 2023 base year
- Reduce absolute scope 3 GHG emissions generated in operations 90.0 per cent by 2050 from a 2023 base year
For in-use operational emissions, a whole- building approach is adopted, covering all energy consumption and fugitive emissions from building operations. The SBTi and the Carbon Risk Real Estate Monitor (CRREM) have collaboratively developed 1.5°C in-use emissions decarbonization pathways specifically for the real estate sector. The pathways are physical intensity based, considering emissions per square meter of the property portfolio (kgCO 2 e/sqm). These pathways are region- and building-typology specific, meaning Entra use location-based emission factors for energy use to track its portfolio’s alignment with the pathways. The 1.5°C upfront embodied emissions decarbonisation pathways for new buildings were developed by the SBTi in collaboration with Rambøll, with support from Sweco. The pathways are physical intensity based, considering upfront embodied emissions (including life cycle stages A1-A5) per square meter of built new floor area (kgCO 2 e/sqm). These pathways are global and building typology specific. The target for Absolute scope 3 GHG emissions generated in operations include purchased goods and services, fuel and energy-related activities, upstream transportation and distribution, waste generated in operations, business travel, and employee commuting. The progress on the company’s emission reduction targets is planned to be reviewed quarterly.
E1-6 Gross scope 1, 2 & 3 and Total GHG emissions
GHG intensity per unit of net revenue
| 2023 | 2024 | Change % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total greenhouse gas emissions per unit of net revenue (location-based method) | 6.77 | 5.62 | -17% |
| Total greenhouse gas emissions per unit of net revenue (market-based method) | 7.48 | 6.52 | -13% |
¹ Net revenue is defined as Net operating income in the Statement of comprehensive income in the Group's consolidated financial statements
Entra’s Gross Scope 1, 2 3 & Total GHG emissions in absolute tCO 2 eq
| Base year 2023 incl. structural changes | 2024 incl. structural changes | 2024 | Change | Change % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Scope 1 GHG emissions | |||||
| Gross Scope 1 GHG emissions (tCO 2 eq) | 204 | 281 | 281 | 77 | 38% |
| Stationary combustion | 65 | 139 | 139 | 74 | 115% |
| Mobile combustion | - | - | - | - | - |
| Process emissions | - | - | - | - | - |
| Fugitive emissions | 139 | 142 | 142 | 3 | 2% |
| Scope 2 GHG emissions | |||||
| Gross location-based Scope 2 GHG emissions (tCO 2 eq) | 68 | 98 | 105 | 30 | 44% |
| Gross market-based Scope 2 GHG emissions (tCO 2 eq) | 2079 | 2614 | 2799 | 535 | 26% |
| Purchased electricity | 44 | 62 | 64 | 18 | 41% |
| District heating | 21 | 34 | 39 | 13 | 58% |
| District cooling | 3 | 2 | 2 | - | -30% |
| Significant scope 3 GHG emissions | |||||
| Total Gross indirect (Scope 3) GHG emissions (tCO 2 eq) | 18906 | 15491 | 16455 | -3415 | -18% |
| Purchased goods and services | 12599 | 13012 | 13810 | 413 | 3% |
| Capital goods | 4776 | 877 | 877 | -3899 | -82% |
| Fuel and energy-related Activities (not included in Scope 1 or Scope 2) | 63 | 102 | 105 | 39 | 61% |
| Upstream transportation and distribution | 305 | 232 | 248 | -73 | -24% |
| Waste generated in operations | 67 | 64 | 70 | -3 | -4% |
| Business travelling | 38 | 33 | 33 | -5 | -14% |
| Employee commuting | 38 | 28 | 28 | -11 | -28% |
| Upstream leased assets | - | - | - | - | - |
| Downstream transportation | - | - | - | - | - |
| Processing of sold products | - | - | - | - | - |
| Use of sold products | - | - | - | - | - |
| End-of-life treatment of sold products | - | - | - | - | - |
| Downstream leased assets | 1019 | 1143 | 1284 | 124 | 12% |
| Franchises | - | - | - | - | - |
| Investments | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.7 | - | 118% |
| Total GHG emissions | |||||
| Total GHG emissions (location-based) (tCO 2 eq) | 19178 | 15870 | 16840 | -3308 | -17% |
| Total GHG emissions (market-based) (tCO 2 eq) | 21189 | 18386 | 19535 | -2803 | -13% |
Metrics Climate change mitigation
Scope 1
Entra's Scope 1 emissions, consisting of fossil fuel consumption and refrigerant leakage, were higher in 2024 compared to 2023. This increase was due to a defective electric emergency generator being temporarily replaced with a diesel-powered emergency generator. The refrigerant leakage and fuel usage were approximately the same as the year before.
Scope 2
Entra’s share of the property portfolio’s total energy consumption increased in 2024 due to a lower occupancy rate. The renewable energy share from purchased electricity has decreased from 96.2 per cent to 95.6 per cent, resulting in a 12.9 per cent increase in emission factor. The share of renewable energy sources for district heating has also decreased, resulting in higher emission factors.
Scope 3
Overall, Scope 3 emissions are substantially lower than the previous year. This reduction is mainly a consequence of fewer projects being finalised in 2024 compared to 2023.
| 204 | 65 | 139 | 68 | 2079 | 44 | 21 | 3 | 18906 | 12599 | 4776 | 63 | 305 | 67 | 38 | 38 | 1019 | 0.3 | 19178 | 21189 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Scope 1 GHG emissions in absolute tCO 2 eq | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Stationary combustion | 65 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Purchased electricity | 68 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Purchased goods and services | 12599 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fuel and energy-related Activities (not included in Scope 1 or Scope 2) | 63 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Waste generated in operations | 67 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Employee commuting | 38 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fugitive emissions | 139 | |||||||||||||||||||
| District heating | 21 | |||||||||||||||||||
| District cooling | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Capital goods | 4776 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Upstream transportation and distribution | 305 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Business travelling | 38 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Downstream leased assets | 1019 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Investments | 0.3 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Scope 2 GHG emissions in absolute tCO 2 eq | 2079 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Significant scope 3 GHG emissions in absolute tCO 2 eq | 18906 |
Accounting policies
Entra’s disclosure of GHG emissions include all Entra’s subsidiaries and has been prepared in accordance with CSRD, following the operational control approach. Under the operational control approach, a company accounts for 100 per cent of the emissions from operations over which it or one of its subsidiaries has operational control. Disclosure of GHG emissions in accordance with CSRD is based on the GHG Protocol Corporate Standard, revised edition. According to the GHG Protocol, a company has operational control over an operation if it or one of its subsidiaries has full authority to introduce and implement operating policies at that operation. The carbon inventory is divided into three main scopes of direct and indirect emissions, scope 1,2 and 3. For quantification of scope 3 emissions, Entra has followed the principles and provisions of the GHG Protocol Corporate Value Chain (Scope 3) Accounting and Reporting Standard. Emissions from Entra's partially owned companies, Papirbredden Eiendom (60 per cent) and OPF Utvikling AS (50 per cent), are included in Entra's Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions, as Entra holds operational control over these companies.# Sustainability | Environmental information
Scope 1
Scope 1 emissions are direct GHG emissions that originate from sources that are controlled by the reporting company. Entra's Scope 1 emissions include emissions from refrigerant leakages (fugitive emissions), natural gas and diesel from heating equipment (stationary combustion) in Entra’s buildings. Although Entra’s tenants have operational control over the buildings, Entra, as the landlord, retains operational control over the buildings' heating equipment. Emissions are calculated by multiplying the volume of refrigerants, natural gas and diesel used, with relevant emission factors.
Scope 2
Scope 2 emissions are indirect GHG emissions related to purchased energy (electricity, steam, heat, or cooling). Entra’s scope 2 emissions include electricity, district heating and district cooling in buildings used by Entra. This includes Entra's headquarters and administrative offices, as well as all vacant areas. Emissions are calculated by multiplying the volume of electricity, steam, heat and cooling purchased and used by Entra, with relevant emission factors. Entra's share of the energy consumption is calculated by dividing the square meters used by Entra by the building's total square meters. Emissions are calculated using both location- based and market-based methods. The location-based method calculates emissions based on the emission factor of the country where the electricity is produced. The market- based method, on the other hand, takes into account whether a company has purchased guarantees of origin or other contractual instruments to specify the sources of their electricity consumption. This allows companies to potentially report lower emissions if they use renewable energy sources. For Entra's headquarters and administrative offices as well as some of its vacant premises, the company purchases guarantees of origin for green electricity. In 2024, Entra purchased guarantees of origin for 51 per cent of its total 8.9 million kWh.
Scope 3
Scope 3 emissions include indirect emissions from activities in the company’s upstream and downstream value chain, which are not controlled by the reporting company. Entra’s scope 3 emissions include:
-
Purchased goods and services: Emissions related to extraction, production, and transportation of purchased goods and services related to renovations, refurbishment and maintenance of Entra’s management portfolio, as well as the operation of Entra's own organisation. Emissions related to major renovation projects are calculated based on life cycle assessments (LCAs) provided by third parties. The LCAs are prepared in accordance with the Norwegian standard for life cycle assessment of buildings NS 3720:2018. Emissions related to IT services are based on supplier-specific data from Entra's provider of IT services, Intility. Emissions related to facility management are calculated multiplying Entra's share of the shared costs charged to the buildings' tenants with relevant spend-category-specific emission factors. Entra's share of the shared costs are calculated by dividing the square meters used by Entra with the building's total square meters. All other emissions in this category are calculated multiplying expenditures with relevant emission factors.
-
Capital goods: Emissions related to extraction, production, and transportation of capital goods. For Entra, this category includes new development projects. For all new development projects, a life cycle assessment is developed in accordance with NS 3720:2018. In this category, emissions from the product stage A1-A3 and construction stage A4-A5 are included. Emissions from new development projects are reported the year the new building is completed.
-
Fuel and energy-related activities: Emissions related to extraction, production and transportation of purchased fuels (scope 1) and electricity, district heating and cooling (scope 2) acquired and used by Entra. Emissions are calculated multiplying Entra's consumption (volume) of purchased fuels and energy, calculated in Scope 1 and 2, with relevant emission factors.
-
Upstream transportation and distribution: Emissions from the transport of purchased goods and services related to renovation projects, refurbishments and maintenance projects. Emissions from the transport of goods and services related to the construction sites for newbuild projects are already accounted for in the category capital goods, as it is included in emissions from the construction stage. Consequently, these emissions are not included in this category. Transport data (km, diesel, electric) are collected from Entra’s suppliers through surveys. Emissions are calculated by multiplying the kilometers driven with the relevant emission factors.
-
Waste generated in operations: Emissions from third-party disposal and treatment of solid waste and wastewater generated by Entra through newbuild projects, redevelopments, refurbishments and building maintenance activities, and at Entra’s headquarters and other offices. Emissions from solid waste are calculated by multiplying the volume of waste per fraction type with relevant emission factors. The waste is classified based on the Norwegian standard for classification of waste (NS 9431). We assume that the volume of water consumed is equal to the volume of wastewater generated. Consequently, emissions from wastewater are calculated multiplying the volume of water consumed with a relevant emission factor.
-
Business travel: Emissions from employees' business-related travel. This includes emissions from travel by plane and car (mileage reimbursements). Emissions are calculated based multiplying distance travelled with relevant emission factors.
-
Employee commuting: Emissions related to the transportation of employees between their homes and their worksites during the reporting year. This includes the use of car, bus and train. Emissions from employee commuting are calculated by multiplying the distance traveled, with the relevant emission factors. Information about employee commuting is gathered through an annual employee survey.
-
Downstream leased assets: Emissions related to electricity, district heating, and cooling from Entra’s tenants. Emissions are calculated by multiplying the volume of energy consumed by tenants with the relevant emission factors. These utilities are acquired by Entra, and the costs are charged to the tenants through shared costs.
-
Investments: Scope 1 and 2 emissions from associated companies, where Entra does not have operational control. This includes Scope 1 and 2 emissions from Oslo S Utvikling (50 per cent ownership) and Welcome Workdays (45 per cent ownership). Emission data are gatered directly from the entities. Entra also owns 33 per cent of Galleri Oslo Invest AS and 25 per cent of H 2 O Eiendom AS. However, Galleri Oslo Invest and H 2 O Eiendom AS do not have their own operational organisation and are therefore not included in this category.
Entra’s primary business areas include property development, letting, and property management. Consequently, Scope 3 categories 9 (Downstream transportation and distribution), 10 (Processing of sold goods), 11 (Use of sold goods), and 12 (End-of-life treatment of sold products) are not applicable and therefore excluded. Entra has no upstream leased assets nor franchises; thus, these categories are also excluded.
Entra’s Scope 3 emissions are calculated utilizing both supplier-specific data (primary data) and indirect data, such as spend or industry average (secondary data). 24 per cent of Entra’s Scope 3 emissions is calculated using primary data.
GHG emission factors, datatypes and calculation methods
| Category | Sub-category | Emission factor source | Data type | Calculation method | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Scope 1 | Stationary combustion Diesel, stationary | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc | litres |
| Stationary combustion Natural gas (NO) | MD Nasjonale Standard-faktorer: https://www.miljodirektoratet.no/ansvarsomrader/klima/klimakvoter/kvotepliktig-indu stri | Primary data | Supplier specifc | kWh | |
| Refrigerants R-407 C | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc | kg | |
| Refrigerants R-32 | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc | kg | |
| Refrigerants R-448 A | Honeywell Refrigerants (2014) | Primary data | Supplier specifc | kg | |
| Refrigerants R-134a | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc | kg | |
| Refrigerants R-410 A | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc | kg | |
| Refrigerants R-452A | Linde Gas (2019) | Primary data | Supplier specifc | kg | |
| Scope 2 | District heating/cooling location District heating | NO/Oslo Fjernkontrollen (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc | kWh |
| District heating/cooling location District heating | NO/Drammen Fjernkontrollen (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc | kWh | |
| District heating/cooling location District heating | NO/Bergen Fjernkontrollen (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc | kWh | |
| District heating/cooling location District heating | NO/Sandvika Fjernkontrollen (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc | kWh | |
| District heating/cooling location District heating | NO/Trondheim Fjernkontrollen (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc | kWh |
Sustainability | Environmental information
Part of the Board of Director's report
| Category | Sub-category | Emission factor source | Data type | Calculation method | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| District heating/cooling | District heating | Fjernkontrollen (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kWh | kWh |
| District heating/cooling | District cooling | Based on Fjernkontrollen (2024) and Norsk Energi (2020) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kWh | kWh |
| District heating/cooling | District cooling | Based on Fjernkontrollen (2024) and Norsk Energi (2020) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kWh | kWh |
| District heating/cooling | District cooling | Based on Fjernkontrollen (2024) and Norsk Energi (2020) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kWh | kWh |
| District heating/cooling | District cooling | Based on Fjernkontrollen (2024) and Norsk Energi (2020) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kWh | kWh |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Electronic components) | EPA (2024) v1.3 | Secondary data | Financial/spend | NOK |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Computer-related hardware) | EPA (2024) v1.3 | Secondary data | Financial/spend | NOK |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Computer laptop) | Primary data | Supplier specifc tCO 2 e | tCO 2 e | |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Water supply, municipal) | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc m 3 | m 3 |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Computers) | EPA (2024) v1.3 | Secondary data | Financial/spend | NOK |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Machinery, equipment, and supplies) | EPA (2024) v1.3 | Secondary data | Financial/spend | NOK |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Manufacturing building) | EPA (2024) v1.3 | Secondary data | Financial/spend | NOK |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Machinery, other service industry) | EPA (2024) v1.3 | Secondary data | Financial/spend | NOK |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Software) | EPA (2024) v1.3 | Secondary data | Financial/spend | NOK |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Vehicle rental and leasing) | EPA (2024) v1.3 | Secondary data | Financial/spend | NOK |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Air and gas compressors) | EPA (2024) v1.3 | Secondary data | Financial/spend | NOK |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Aircon, cooling/heating equipment) | EPA (2024) v1.3 | Secondary data | Financial/spend | NOK |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Truck transport) | EPA (2024) v1.3 | Secondary data | Financial/spend | NOK |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Food, other) | EPA (2024) v1.3 | Secondary data | Financial/spend | NOK |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Books (printed media)) | EPA (2024) v1.3 | Secondary data | Financial/spend | NOK |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Advertising and PR) | EPA (2024) v1.3 | Secondary data | Financial/spend | NOK |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Technical consulting services) | EPA (2024) v1.3 | Secondary data | Financial/spend | NOK |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Insurance and brokerage) | EPA (2024) v1.3 | Secondary data | Financial/spend | NOK |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Legal services) | EPA (2024) v1.3 | Secondary data | Financial/spend | NOK |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Office supplies excl. paper) | EPA (2024) v1.3 | Secondary data | Financial/spend | NOK |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Soap and cleaning compounds) | EPA (2024) v1.3 | Secondary data | Financial/spend | NOK |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Telecommunications) | EPA (2024) v1.3 | Secondary data | Financial/spend | NOK |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Facility services) | EPA (2024) v1.3 | Secondary data | Financial/spend | NOK |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Office administration) | EPA (2024) v1.3 | Secondary data | Financial/spend | NOK |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Security services) | EPA (2024) v1.3 | Secondary data | Financial/spend | NOK |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Other electrical equipment) | EPA (2024) v1.3 | Secondary data | Financial/spend | NOK |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Office furniture) | EPA (2024) v1.3 | Secondary data | Financial/spend | NOK |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Building, repair and maintenance) | EPA (2024) v1.3 | Secondary data | Financial/spend | NOK |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Signs) | EPA (2024) v1.3 | Secondary data | Financial/spend | NOK |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Food and drinking places) | EPA (2024) v1.3 | Secondary data | Financial/spend | NOK |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Printing) | EPA (2024) v1.3 | Secondary data | Financial/spend | NOK |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Light fixtures) | EPA (2024) v1.3 | Secondary data | Financial/spend | NOK |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Buildings and dwellings services) | EPA (2024) v1.3 | Secondary data | Financial/spend | NOK |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Performances and events) | EPA (2024) v1.3 | Secondary data | Financial/spend | NOK |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Greenhouse crops and flowers) | EPA (2024) v1.3 | Secondary data | Financial/spend | NOK |
| Scope 3 | Purchased goods and services (Management consulting) | EPA (2024) v1.3 | Secondary data | Financial/spend | NOK |
| Scope 3 | Major renovation projects | Life cycle assessments (LCAs) , based on product specific EPDs ands industry average from thirdparties | Primary data | Supplier specifc tCO 2 e | tCO 2 e |
| Capital goods | New development projects | Life cycle assessments (LCAs) , based on product specific EPDs ands industry average from thirdparties | Primary data | Supplier specifc tCO 2 e | tCO 2 e |
| Fuel-and-energy-related | Electricity (Norway upstream) | IEA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kWh | kWh |
| Fuel-and-energy-related | District heating (NO/SE upstream) | Generic EF which can be used to account for upstream emissions (primarily WTT) for DH in locations with a high share of renewables/waste in the fuel mix, such as in Sweden and Norway. SE: Energiföretagen, 2021, NO: SSB, 2021 and Norsk Energi, 2020 | Primary data | Supplier specifc kWh | kWh |
| Upstream transportation and distribution | Van (up to 3.5 tonn), electric | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc km | km |
| Upstream transportation and distribution | Van (up to 3.5 tonn), diesel | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc km | km |
| Waste | Paper waste, recycled | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Plastic waste, recycled | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Waste water treatment | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc m 3 | m 3 |
| Waste | Batteries waste (H), recycled | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Concrete waste, recycled | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Wood waste, incinerated | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | EE waste, recycled | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Plastic PVC packaging waste, incinerated | Ecoinvent 3.11 | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Organic waste, anaerobic digestion | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Plastic waste, incinerated | Ecoinvent 3.11 | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Plastic PP-folio waste, recycled | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Corrugated cardboard waste, recycled | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Glass waste, recycled | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Wood waste, recycled | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Organic waste, animal feed | Based on DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Ceramic waste, recycled | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Hazardous waste, incinerated (Europe) | Ecoinvent 3.11 | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Paint warnish waste (H), incinerated | Ecoinvent 3.11 | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Acidic waste (H), incinerated | Ecoinvent 3.11 | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | CCA impregnated wood waste (H), incinerated | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Contaminated inert waste, landfill (H) | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Industrial inert waste, landfill | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Metal waste, recycled | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Cardboard waste, recycled | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Organic sludge, composting | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Industrial waste, incinerated | Ecoinvent 3.11 | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Mineral wool waste, landfill | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Fluorescent tubes waste (H), recycled | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Metal iron waste, recycled | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Organic sludge, recycled | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Fuel waste (H), incinerated | Ecoinvent 3.11 | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Plastic EPS waste, recycled | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Plastic packaging waste, recycled | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Plaster waste, recycled | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Chemical waste (H), incinerated | Ecoinvent 3.11 | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Residual waste, incinerated | Ecoinvent 3.11 | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Organic solvents (H), incinerated | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Fly ash waste (H), landfill | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | EE waste, incinerated (US) | EPA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc kg | kg |
| Waste | Mineral oil waste, incinerated (H) | Ecoinvent 3.11 | Primary data | Supplier specifc |
Sustainability | Environmental information
Part of the Board of Director's report
| Category | Sub-category | Emission factor source | Data type | Calculation method | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Waste Oil | Waste Oil contaminated waste (H), incinerated | Ecoinvent 3.11 | Primary data | Supplier specifc | kg |
| KFK/HFK waste | Waste KFK/HFK waste (H), incinerated | Ecoinvent 3.11 | Primary data | Supplier specifc | kg |
| PCB/Chloroparaffin | Waste PCB/Chloroparaffin windows (H), incinerated | Ecoinvent 3.11 | Primary data | Supplier specifc | kg |
| Organic halogenic waste | Waste Organic halogenic waste (H), incinerated | Ecoinvent 3.11 | Primary data | Supplier specifc | kg |
| Plastic marine equip/rope | Waste Plastic marine equip/rope, recycled | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc | kg |
| Rubber waste | Waste Rubber waste, recycled | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc | kg |
| Organic waste | Waste Organic waste, composting | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc | kg |
| Soil non-contaminated | Waste Soil non-contaminated, landfill | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc | kg |
| Textile waste | Waste Textile waste, recycled | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc | kg |
| Paper beverage carton | Waste Paper beverage carton waste, recycled | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc | kg |
| Business travel | Air travel, domestic | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Employee specific | pkm |
| Business travel | Mileage all. el car Nordic | Calculated by CEMAsys based on IEA (2024). OFV and Norsk Elbilforening | Primary data | Employee specific | km |
| Business travel | Mileage all. car (NO) | Calculated by CEMAsys based on IEA (2024). OFV and Norsk Elbilforening | Primary data | Employee specific | km |
| Employee commuting | Mileage all. el car Nordic | Calculated by CEMAsys based on IEA (2024). OFV and Norsk Elbilforening | Primary data | Employee specific | km |
| Employee commuting | Mileage all. car (NO) | Calculated by CEMAsys based on IEA (2024). OFV and Norsk Elbilforening | Primary data | Employee specific | km |
| Employee commuting | Bus local (Nordic) | Calculated by CEMAsys based on Ruter 2023 Miljorapportering and SL Hallbarhetsredovisning 2023 | Primary data | Employee specific | pkm |
| Employee commuting | Train (NO) | Aars- og baerekraftsrapport 2023 for Vygruppen | Primary data | Employee specific | pkm |
| Employee commuting | Electric Ferry (NO) (WTW) | Calculated by CEMAsys based on Ruter 2023 Miljorapportering and IEA 2024 | Primary data | Employee specific | pkm |
| Employee commuting | Motorbike avg. (WTW) | DEFRA (2024) | Primary data | Employee specific | km |
Sustainability | Environmental information
Part of the Board of Director's report
| Category | Sub-category | Emission factor source | Data type | Calculation method | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Scope 3 Downstream emissions | Downstream leased assets | ||||
| District cooling, renewable | Primary data | Supplier specifc | kWh | ||
| Electricity Norway | 1) IEA (2024) 2) AIB (2024) 3) IEA (2024), Energy Statistics Data Browser | Primary data | Supplier specifc | kWh | |
| District heating NO/Oslo | Fjernkontrollen (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc | kWh | |
| District heating NO/Bergen | Fjernkontrollen (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc | kWh | |
| District heating NO/Drammen | Fjernkontrollen (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc | kWh | |
| District heating NO/Sandvika | Fjernkontrollen (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc | kWh | |
| District heating NO/Trondheim | Fjernkontrollen (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc | kWh | |
| District heating NO/Stavanger/Sandnes | Fjernkontrollen (2024) | Primary data | Supplier specifc | kWh | |
| District cooling NO/Sandvika | Based on Fjernkontrollen (2024) and Norsk Energi (2020) | Primary data | Supplier specifc | kWh | |
| District cooling NO/Trondheim | Based on Fjernkontrollen (2024) and Norsk Energi (2020) | Primary data | Supplier specifc | kWh | |
| District cooling NO/Bergen | Based on Fjernkontrollen (2024) and Norsk Energi (2020) | Primary data | Supplier specifc | kWh | |
| District cooling NO/Stavanger/Sandnes | Based on Fjernkontrollen (2024) and Norsk Energi (2020) | Primary data | Supplier specifc | kWh | |
| Investments | Electricity Norway | 1) IEA (2024) 2) AIB (2024) 3) IEA (2024), Energy Statistics Data Browser | Primary data | Investment specifc | kWh |
| Investments | Electricity Norway | 1) IEA (2024) 2) AIB (2024) 3) IEA (2024), Energy Statistics Data Browser | Primary data | Investment specifc | kWh |
| Investments | Electricity Norway | 1) IEA (2024) 2) AIB (2024) 3) IEA (2024), Energy Statistics Data Browser | Primary data | Investment specifc | kWh |
| Investments | District heating NO/Oslo | Fjernkontrollen (2024) | Primary data | Investment specifc | kWh |
| Investments | District heating NO/Oslo | Fjernkontrollen (2024) | Primary data | Investment specifc | kWh |
| Investments | District cooling, renewable | Primary data | Investment specifc | kWh |
Sustainability | Environmental information
Part of the Board of Director's report
E1-7 GHG removals and GHG mitigation projects financed through carbon credits
Entra neither directly nor indirectly contributes to carbon removal or storage, whether through projects or carbon credits, respectively.
E1-8 Internal carbon pricing
Entra does not apply an internal carbon pricing scheme.
E1-5 Energy consumption mix
Energy consumption and energy mix, MWh
| 2023 incl. structural changes | 2024 incl. structural changes | |
|---|---|---|
| Fuel consumption from coal and coal products (MWh) | - | - |
| Fuel consumption from crude oil and petroleum products (MWh) | - | - |
| Fuel consumption from natural gas (MWh) | 319 | 293 |
| Fuel consumption from other fossil sources (MWh) | - | 296 |
| Consumption of purchased or acquired electricity, heat, steam, and cooling from fossil sources (MWh) | - | - |
| Total fossil energy consumption (MWh) | 319 | 589 |
| Share of fossil sources in total energy consumption (%) | ||
| Consumption from nuclear sources (MWh) | - | - |
| Share of consumption from nuclear sources in total energy consumption (%) | - | - |
| Fuel consumption from renewable sources, including biomass (also comprising industrial and municipal waste of biologic origin, biogas, renewable hydrogen, etc.) (MWh) | - | - |
| Consumption of purchased or acquired electricity, heat, steam, and cooling from renewable sources (MWh) | 7 910 | 9 728 |
| The consumption of self-generated non-fuel renewable energy (MWh) | ||
| Total renewable energy consumption (MWh) | 7 910 | 9 728 |
| Share of renewable sources in total energy consumption (%) | 77.4% | 76.3% |
| Total energy consumption (MWh) | 10 216 | 12 747 |
Energy intensity for high impact sectors
| 2023 | 2024 | Change % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total energy consumption per unit of net revenue (MWh/NOK million) | 3.60 | 4.52 | 25% |
1 High climate impact sectors are those listed in NACE Sections A to H and Section L. Entra’s business activities are grouped under NACE code F (Construction)
2 Net revenue is defined as Net operating income in the Statement of comprehensive income in the Group's consolidated financial statements
Metrics Energy
Sustainability | Environmental information
Part of the Board of Director's report
E5 Resource use and circular economy
| Resources inflows, including resource use |
|---|
| Consumption of construction materials in newbuild, redevelopment, refurbishment and maintenance projects: Actual negative impact |
| Reuse of construction products in projects: Risk |
| Waste |
| Waste from newbuild, redevelopment, refurbishment and maintenance projects, headquarters and other offices: Actual negative impact |
| Disposal of waste from tenants: Actual negative impact |
SMB-3 Entra’s impact, risks and opportunities
Entra has a direct negative impact on resource use and waste, as a significant amount of construction materials is consumed, and waste is generated in development, redevelopment, and refurbishment projects. The most commonly used construction materials are concrete, metal, and timber. Additionally, Entra has an indirect impact on its tenants' waste, as the company is responsible for managing the waste generated from its management portfolio.
The reuse of construction products imposes increased project costs, primarily due to project administration and planning. Firstly, the lack of a well-functioning market and infrastructure limits the availability of reused materials, making it difficult and time-consuming to find suitable building products. Secondly, the process of carefully dismantling materials for reuse is both labor-intensive and time-consuming, requiring specialised skills and methods. Thirdly, regulatory requirements related to product quality are designed for new building materials. Consequently, one must apply for an exemption to use reused building materials, which necessitates significant administrative effort.
Another barrier to the reuse of building products in projects is obtaining tenant agreement. Tenants must accept a reduction in standards, such as soundproofing, since reused building products typically differ in quality from new materials. Furthermore, the reuse of building products restricts design flexibility. Therefore, Entra always collaborates closely with its tenants in projects that involve reuse.
Entra aims to limit the consumption of natural resources and increase circularity in its projects.
Introduction
The circular economy focuses on utilising the same resources multiple times to minimise waste generation. By consuming less, repairing, and reusing, we can protect the nature from the overuse of resources, reduce emissions and water consumption, and help maintain biodiversity and ecosystems. Humanity uses far more of nature's resources than nature can regenerate. The construction industry accounts for 40 per cent of the world's material consumption and more than 25 per cent of material consumption in Norway.# Sustainability | Environmental information
E5-1 Policies
Entra’s environmental strategy addresses the company’s responsibility for sustainable resource use. The strategy aims to mitigate the impacts of resource extraction and development projects, promote efficient resource use, and minimise waste. It encompasses all of Entra's activities and applies to all geographical locations where Entra operates. The EVP Project Development is responsible for implementing the environmental strategy. The strategy is available to all employees on the company intranet.
E5-2 Actions and resources
Reuse
A reuse plan is developed for every Entra project, to ensure the incorporation of reusable elements. This plan may include internal reuse during renovations and upgrades, reuse of materials from Entra's own projects, or the external sourcing of reused materials. For example, before planning any refurbishment of existing properties, Entra maps the materials present in the existing space with the help of a digital tool called Loopfront. Loopfront provides an overview of materials within the company’s buildings, including surplus materials stored on-site, which are available for reuse. Surplus materials and demolition materials that Entra does not need are made available to external parties. In tender competitions, contractors who are innovative in increasing the reuse rate in projects are rewarded.
Entra’s building at Kristian August gate 13 (KA13), originally constructed in the 1950s, is an exemplary model of redevelopment in line with circular principles. Completed in 2020, it boasts a reuse rate of nearly 80 per cent. KA13 is recognised as one of Norway's most ambitious reuse buildings. Throughout the redevelopment project, the team scoured Oslo for materials from buildings slated for demolition, including sourcing 21 hollow-core slabs from the Government Quarter, where some buildings were set to be demolished or dismantled. Additionally, materials were collected from various other buildings. During the construction, a 100 per cent waste sorting rate was achieved. This building is the first reuse project in Norway to meet the circularity criteria of FutureBuilt and incorporates requirements equivalent to BREEAM-NOR Very Good. In 2024, the building received a BREEAM In-Use certification with performance level of Excellent.
Entra aims for its buildings to be flexible and space-efficient, supporting circularity in accordance with the criteria for transitioning to a circular economy in the EU Taxonomy and the requirements outlined in TEK17 §9-5 (2). Consequently, Entra is increasingly utilising prefabricated solutions, such as concrete elements instead of cast-in-place concrete, in its projects. This approach allows for component replacement rather than demolition when modifications to the building are required. Since this solution does not necessitate on-site adaptation, the amount of waste and debris is significantly reduced. Moreover, factory production ensures precision and quality in the manufacturing process, thereby extending the lifespan of the solutions. In addition to the positive environmental impacts of using prefabricated solutions, the economic benefits are also substantial. Reduced waste and extended lifespan lead to cost savings. Furthermore, construction time is shortened, which reduces labor costs, as the solutions do not require on-site adaptation. Costs and time spent on project planning are also minimised since the solutions come with complete documentation.
Waste management
Entra requires that the contractors working for the company adhere to the EU Taxonomy criteria for transitioning to a circular economy. According to these criteria, at least 70 per cent of the non-hazardous construction and demolition waste generated on construction sites must be prepared for reuse, recycling, and other material recovery. Waste production in processes related to construction and demolition shall be limited in accordance with the EU's Construction and Demolition Waste Management Protocol and buildings shall be designed to support circularity.
Entra also ensures that the waste management facilities in each building are designed for optimal sorting and efficiency. All waste rooms are equipped with the necessary equipment to facilitate correct waste segregation. Each waste room and its fractions are clearly labeled, making it easy for tenants and cleaning staff to sort waste accurately. Maintaining a clean and orderly environment in the buildings’ waste management areas is a priority. Entra engages in regular communication with waste management service providers to explore and implement improvements based on their recommendations. In addition, Entra collaborates with its tenants to enhance waste sorting practices through strategic nudging during meetings and other interactions. One key initiative is partnering with Carrot, a company specialising in waste data capture at the tenant level, as opposed to waste data at the building level. In 2024, Entra entered into a new framework agreement with Carrot, aimed at improving data collection to enable tenants to monitor their sorting rates and waste quantities more accurately. This data- driven approach allows for the implementation of targeted measures to reduce waste and improve sorting accuracy. Other measures include facilitating proper sorting within tenant spaces where necessary, providing internal training for tenant employees to ensure they understand how to sort waste correctly, and implementing stricter procurement practices to ensure that deliveries come with environmentally friendly and efficient packaging. These initiatives are examples of the comprehensive actions Entra employ to promote sustainable waste management practices among tenants. By leveraging detailed waste data and fostering a culture of collaboration and continuous improvement, Entra aims to achieve higher sorting rates and reduce overall waste generation, reinforcing our commitment to sustainability and circular economy principles
E5-3 Targets
Targets for waste sorting
Entra strives to exceed the EU Taxonomy criteria of 70 per cent waste sorting on construction sites. Therefore, the company has established an internal goal of achieving an annual average sorting rate of at least 93 per cent for development projects. Additionally, Entra aims to maintain an annual average sorting rate of at least 70 per cent across its management portfolio. The progress towards these targets is monitored on a quarterly basis and subsequently reported in the company's quarterly reports. Entra has considered waste sorting a key performance indicator since 2012.
E5-4 Resource inflows
Key resource inflows related to newbuild projects include concrete, steel, and timber for the structural framework. Glass is used for external windows and internal partitions within the buildings. Other important resources are façade materials, insulation materials, roofing materials, gypsum, flooring, paint, and electrical equipment.
In redevelopment and refurbishment projects, the existing structural framework is preserved, reducing the need for concrete, steel, and timber compared to new constructions. Consequently, the most commonly used materials in such projects are glass, insulation, façade materials, gypsum boards, and technical equipment.
Tenant alterations projects focus on updating and customising spaces to meet tenant needs and improve building functionality. These projects primarily involve materials such as drywall, glass, various flooring materials (including polyester carpets and ceramic tiles), lighting fixtures, porcelain for sanitary equipment, and paint.
For the ongoing operation and maintenance of buildings, various materials are used for repairs and upkeep. These include cleaning agents, paint, repair materials such as metal, plastic, and timber, and spare parts for HVAC and electrical systems.
Material usage is managed sustainably where possible. For instance, recycled steel and insulation materials are incorporated, and timber is sourced from sustainable suppliers. The methodologies employed for calculating material use are primarily based on estimates. For development projects, the estimates are based on the list of materials and products used for assessing the greenhouse gas emissions stemming from the materials in construction project. These frameworks provide a robust basis for estimating the volume of materials used in each phase of the project. For refurbishment projects, material quantities are estimated based on the number of square meters refurbished. These estimates are considered rough, providing a general overview of the materials used.
When calculating the total weight and percentage of biological materials used in Entras projects, all timber products are included in the calculations. This includes, for example, doors, cladding, plywood, and chipboards. For calculating the total weight and percentage of secondary reused and recycled components, secondary intermediary products, and secondary materials used in our projects, materials containing recycled content are included in its entirety.# Sustainability | Environmental information
Metrics
Entra Annual Report 2024 124
This encompasses materials such as steel with up to 15 per cent recycled content and aluminium façade cladding panels with 70 per cent recycled content. Entra utilises reused products and materials in the majority of refurbishment and major renovation projects. However, as of 2024, there is no satisfactory system in place for logging reused products and materials. Due to this, Entra has not been able to quantify the weight of the materials and products that have been reused, but this is assumed to be a considerable amount. Entra is working on developing a better system to provide more accurate figures in the future. All materials for a project are attributed to the project's completion year. This means that material quantities for projects spanning multiple years are reported in the completion year of the project. As part of our commitment to continuous improvement, Entra is actively working to enhance the company’s methodologies and obtain more accurate data in the future. This includes refining estimation processes and incorporating more precise measurement techniques. By utilising these estimation methodologies, Entra ensures consistent and aligned information on material use across different project types. This approach supports our commitment to sustainability by enabling detailed tracking and reporting of resource inflows and their environmental impacts, in alignment with the requirements of ESRS E5-4.
Resource inflows (tonnes and %)
| Resource inflows | 2024 |
|---|---|
| Overall total weight of products and biological materials used during the reporting period (1 000t) | 0.9 |
| Biological materials and biofuels used for non-energy purposes (%) | 5.6 |
| Absolute of secondary reused and recycled components, secondary intermediary products and secondary materials (1 000t) | 0.4 |
| Secondary reused and recycled components, secondary intermediary products and secondary materials (%) | 2.6 |
E5-5 Waste
Entra Annual Report 2024 125
Waste generated from Entra’s own operations includes waste from Entra’s headquarters and administrative offices, and waste generated from development projects, and maintenance of buildings owned by the company. Waste from tenant alteration projects is not included at this point, as we don’t have the data in place. Waste related to the maintenance of the management portfolio is estimated based on the assumption that this type of waste accounts for 5 per cent of the total waste from the management portfolio. The total waste is split into waste diverted from disposal and waste directed to disposal, hazardous and non-hazardous waste, and non-recycled waste. Waste directed to disposal includes incinerated waste, landfilled waste and waste that has undergone other disposal operations. Waste diverted from disposal includes waste that has been recycled and waste that has undergone other recovery operations. Non-recycled waste includes waste directed to disposal, waste prepared for reuse, and waste that has undergone other recovery operations. Entra does not classify reused materials as waste. Therefore, data on waste prepared for reuse is not included in this table. Materials reused in redevelopment or refurbishment projects are either reused directly in the project, sent to other projects, or stored. Entra will work towards collecting data on the amount of materials diverted from disposal and prepared for reuse, and include these quantities in future reporting. Waste is considered hazardous if it exhibits one or more of the characteristics listed in Annex III of the EU Directive 2008/98/EC. The total amount of waste generated increased from 2023 to 2024 because Entra carried out more redevelopment projects in 2024 than the year before.
Waste generated from own operations
| 2023 | 2024 | |
|---|---|---|
| Total waste generated by own operations by composition (tonnes) | 593 | 1 167 |
| Total waste diverted from disposal (tonnes) | 445 | 1 049 |
| Total waste directed to disposal (tonnes) | 148 | 119 |
| Total hazardous waste | 6 | 31 |
| Hazardous waste directed to disposal (tonnes) | - | 19 |
| Incineration | - | - |
| Landfill | - | 19 |
| Other disposal operation | - | - |
| Hazardous waste diverted from disposal (tonnes) | 6 | 12 |
| Preparation for reuse | - | - |
| Recycling | 1 | 6 |
| Other recovery operation | 5 | 6 |
| Total non-hazardous waste (tonnes) | 587 | 1 136 |
| Non-hazardous waste directed to disposal (tonnes) | 148 | 99 |
| Incineration | - | - |
| Landfill | 148 | 99 |
| Other disposal operation | - | - |
| Non-hazardous waste diverted from disposal (tonnes) | 439 | 1 037 |
| Preparation for reuse | - | - |
| Recycling | 183 | 734 |
| Other recovery operation | 256 | 303 |
| Total amount of non-recycled waste | ||
| Non-recycled waste generated (tonnes) | 404 | 422 |
| Non-recycled waste (%) | 68% | 36% |
Entra Annual Report 2024 126
EU Taxonomy
Entra Annual Report 2024 127
As a non-financial company Entra reports on turnover, capital expenditure (CapEx) and operating expenses (OpEx) that are associated with EU Taxonomy-eligible and EU Taxonomy-aligned activities in accordance with the Sustainable Finance Act. This Act implements the EU Taxonomy Regulation (Regulation (EU) 2020/852).
Defining scope and relevant reporting units of assessment
Entra has performed an EU Taxonomy assessment for all activities of the company against the Climate Delegated Act and the Annex 1 Climate Change Mitigation (CCM), which is deemed most relevant for Entra’s strategy and operations because it’s where Entra can have the greatest impact. The assessment is based on a bottom-up approach, assessing the lowest level of reporting units, which in Entra’s accounting systems are represented by buildings. This has been aggregated to a group level, facilitating an EU Taxonomy assessment for the company both in total and per activity.
Defining eligible activities for Entra
An EU Taxonomy-eligible activity is an economic activity that meets defined assessment criteria outlined in the annexes of the Delegated Acts under the EU Taxonomy Regulation. Entra's activities have been assessed according to the respective activity descriptions defined in the Taxonomy Delegated Acts and categorised as either eligible or non-eligible, following the criteria stated in the regulation. The eligible and non-eligible activities deemed applicable to Entra are listed in the table below:
- Acquisition and ownership of buildings (CCM 7.7)
Acquisition and ownership of buildings is an eligible activity according to the EU Taxonomy. Nearly all Entra’s revenues and operating expenses and a significant part of Entra’s CapEx are related to ownership and management of office buildings. Entra’s portfolio of management properties is therefore screened against the technical screening criteria under this activity. - Renovation of existing buildings (CCM 7.2)
Renovation of existing buildings is an eligible and transitional activity according to the EU Taxonomy. Property development is a part of Entra’s business model, hereunder redevelopment and refurbishment of properties in its property portfolio. Parts of Entra’s CapEx are related to renovation of existing buildings and are therefore screened against the technical screening criteria under this activity. - Construction of new buildings (CCM 7.1)
Construction of new buildings is an eligible activity according to the EU Taxonomy. Property development is a part of Entra’s business model and parts of Entra’s CapEx are related to construction of new buildings. Entra’s newbuild projects are therefore screened against the technical screening criteria under this activity.
Taxonomy-non- eligible activities
Revenues, OpEx and CapEx relating to outdoor parking space and a small portion of unallocated revenues and OpEx has been assigned as non-eligible activities. In Entra’s case this represents very small amounts.
Assessment of alignment
For an eligible activity to be considered aligned, it must satisfy the following conditions:
- The economic activity must make a substantial contribution to at least one of the six environmental objectives.
- The economic activity must do no significant harm (DNSH) to any of the other five environmental objectives
- The economic activity must comply with minimum safeguards.
The EU Taxonomy is still under development and interpretation in Norway, particularly because it refers to several EU directives and regulations that have not yet been incorporated into Norwegian law. This results in a lack of clear and precise definitions. Consequently, the focus has been on ensuring transparency, best intentions, and providing thorough explanations for the choices made when interpreting the criteria, based on both the explicit information available and the understanding of the purpose of the requirements. Entra has assessed alignment to the best of our ability, as described in the following sections.
CCM 7.7. Acquisition and ownership of buildings
Entra has screened its portfolio of management properties against the criteria in CCM 7.7. The substantial contribution criteria related to the buildings Primary Energy Demand (PED) is different for buildings built before 31 December 2020 and buildings build after 31 December 2020.# Sustainability | Environmental information
Part of the Board of Director's report
To be aligned with the criteria for this activity for buildings built before 31 December 2020, there are two options:
* The building has at least an Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) class A;
* The building is within the top 15 per cent of the national or regional building stock expressed as operational Primary Energy Demand (PED) and demonstrated by adequate evidence, which at least compares the performance of the relevant asset to the performance of the national or regional stock built before 31 December 2020 and at least distinguishes between residential and non-residential buildings.
As a result, all of Entra’s properties with EPC A have been assessed as aligned with the criteria. Where a building has an EPC lower than A, the second option will need to be assessed. As of date, such top 15 per cent threshold has not yet been determined in Norway. Entra has as a result based its assessment on threshold values recommended by NVE ('Norges vassdrags- og energidirektorat') in a report delivered to the Ministry of Energy (September 2023). The study calculated a theoretical threshold value for the top 15 per cent of the Norwegian office buildings to include buildings with current EPC A, B and the upper part EPC C. This is not an official threshold and that the final threshold may differ from what is presented here.
To be aligned with the substantial contribution criteria for the buildings built after 31 December 2020, the Primary Energy Demand (PED) must be at least 10 per cent lower than the threshold set for the nearly zero-energy building (NZEB) requirements in national measures. In Norway, the thresholds for NZEB are set by the Ministry of Local Government and Regional Development. Additionally, where the building is a large non-residential building, it must be efficiently operated through energy performance monitoring and assessment to be aligned with the criteria linked to the economic activity in the EU Taxonomy. All buildings in Entra’s management portfolio are operated through Entra’s environmental and energy management systems. As a result, Entra has screened the properties Nygårdsgaten 95 and Malmskriverveien 16, both built after 31 December 2020, as compliant with the substantial contribution criteria for this activity.
In order to align with the technical screening criteria for this activity, the DNSH criteria related to climate change adaptation must be fulfilled. All of Entra’s properties have been subject to individual climate risk and vulnerability assessments performed in accordance with Appendix A, see the section on climate risk in the Environment chapter in the sustainability statement. The most important identified physical climate risks for the properties in Entra’s portfolio are water-related, with mostly low to mediums risks. Non-physical solutions with incident response protocols and site evacuation plans are implemented for all buildings and the management portfolio complies with the DNSH criteria for climate change adaption.
CCM 7.2. Renovation of existing buildings
Entra has screened all major renovation projects against the substantial contribution criteria for climate change mitigation. In 2024, this comprised of one project, the renovation of Schweigaards gate 15, which was completed in 2024. In order to comply with the substantial contribution criteria for this activity the renovation must lead to a reduction in PED of at least 30 per cent. The renovation project has reduced primary energy demand by more than 30 per cent and is aligned with the substantial contribution criteria. The reduction is identified by comparing values in the EPC before renovation with values in the as-built EPC for the building after renovation.
The criteria from the EU Taxonomy and BREEAM certifications are important tools for the design and operation of sustainable buildings. BREEAM certification ensures a minimum standard of quality in a building, including strict criteria for pollution, water, indoor climate, material use, and health and well-being. However, the project Schweigaards gate 15 has not been able to document compliance with all the DNSH criteria as the DNSH criteria slightly differs from the BREEAM-NOR criteria. As a result, and despite complying with the substantial contribution criteria, the project is screened as not aligned.
CCM 7.1. Construction of new buildings
Entra has screened all newbuild projects which in 2024 involved one completed and one ongoing newbuild project. The newbuild projects include Holtermanns veg 1–13 phase 3 (ongoing) and Malmskriverveien 16 (completed). In order to comply with the substantial contribution criteria for this activity the PED of the building must be at least 10 per cent lower than the threshold for NZEB requirements under national law. In addition, the projects need to undergo testing for air-tightness and thermal integrity as well as perform life-cycle global warming calculations. The two newbuild projects screened comply with this criterion.
Entra has used the threshold values determined by the Ministry of Local Government and Regional Development as described above to screen its newbuild projects. Both projects achieve energy performance of more than 10 per cent lower than NZEB and thus complies with the energy requirement of the substantial contribution criteria. The completed newbuild project Malmskriverveien 16 is less than 5 000 sqm, the project has performed life-cycle global warming calculations which is presented in Entra’s annual report. The ongoing newbuild project, Holtermanns veg 1–13 phase 3 will perform life-cycle global warming calculations and testing for air-tightness and thermal integrity upon completion.
Normally, newbuild projects are also certified according to the BREEAM-NOR manual, with a target of obtaining BREEAM-NOR Excellent or better. For the two newbuild projects in 2024, both the substantial contribution criteria and the DNSH criteria for CCM 7.1 have been implemented in the project from an earlier stage and these projects will provide sufficient documentation to be fully aligned with both the substantial contribution criteria and the DNSH criteria. In the project Malmskriverveien 16, all DNSH criteria have been documented successfully. In the project Holtermannsveg 1-13 phase 3, the EU Taxonomy criteria is followed closely, and the project will comply with all requirements upon completion.
Entra has entered into agreements to sell the development project Holtermanns veg 1-13 phase 3 upon project completion. Prior to entering into the sales agreements, the property was classified as an investment property, with development costs included in CapEx. Following the sales agreements, the development project is classified as a contract asset. Revenues from the development of the project are in accordance with IFRS 15 recognised over time based on the stage of completion and included in turnover for 2024. The development costs incurred following the sales agreements do not meet the EU Taxonomy’s definition of OpEx.
Linking financial data and calculating the KPIs
By linking financial data to each activity in the reporting unit, the proportion of Entra’s EU Taxonomy-eligible and EU Taxonomy-aligned activities were calculated. This is done by calculating the three key performance indicators (KPIs): turnover, capital expenditures (CapEx), and operational expenditures (OpEx).
- KPI eligibility (% Turnover) is calculated as Total turnover linked to eligible activities / Total turnover
- KPI eligibility (% CapEx) is calculated as Total CapEx linked to eligible activities / Total CapEx
- KPI eligibility (% OpEx) is calculated as Total OpEx s linked to eligible activities / Total OpEx
Accounting principles and Calculation of KPIs
The definitions of the turnover, CapEx, and OpEx KPIs are set out in Annex I to the Disclosures Delegated Act. The proportion of EU Taxonomy- eligible and EU Taxonomy-aligned turnover, CapEx, and OpEx are calculated by dividing a numerator by a denominator.
Turnover KPI
Total turnover consists of rental income and other revenues corresponding to Notes 4 and 6 in the Group’s consolidated financial statements. Turnover is accounted for in accordance with IFRS 16 and IFRS 15.
| NOK million | |
|---|---|
| Rental income continuing operations | 3099 |
| Rental income discontinued operations | 169 |
| Other revenues | 631 |
| Turnover | 3898 |
CCM 7.7 Acquisition and ownership of buildings
CapEx KPI
The CapEx KPI is calculated as additions to tangible assets during the year before depreciation, appreciation and excluding changes in fair value. CapEx consists of investments in the property portfolio and borrowing costs as set in Note 14. CapEx is accounted for in accordance with IAS 40.
| NOK million | |
|---|---|
| Investments in the property portfolio | 1284 |
| Borrowing costs | 31 |
| CapEx | 1314 |
The majority of Entra’s CapEx relates to economic activity 7.7 Acquisition and ownership of buildings, followed by 7.2 Renovation of existing buildings and 7.1 Construction of new buildings.
OpEx KPI
The OpEx KPI includes direct costs needed for daily maintenance and those required for ensuring the continued and practical function of the asset such as routine operating costs, building renovations that are not capitalised as capital expenditure, short term leases, and maintenance and reparations. Variable lease payments that are not based on an index or a rate are not included in the OpEx KPI.# Sustainability | Environmental information
Part of the Board of Director's report
EU Taxonomy eligibility and alignment
| Per cent | 2024 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Taxonomy-eligible turnover | 100% | 100% |
| Taxonomy-aligned turnover | 54% | 47% |
| Construction of new buildings (CCM 7.1) - aligned | 100% | 100% |
| Acquisition and ownership of buildings (CCM 7.7) - aligned | 47% | 47% |
| Taxonomy-eligible CapEx | 100% | 100% |
| Taxonomy-aligned CapEx | 29% | 24% |
| Construction of new buildings (CCM 7.1) - aligned | 100% | 72% |
| Acquisition and ownership of buildings (CCM 7.7) - aligned | 14% | 17% |
| Taxonomy-eligible OpEx | 100% | 96% |
| Taxonomy-aligned OpEx | 22% | 21% |
| Acquisition and ownership of buildings (CCM 7.7) - aligned | 22% | 22% |
Taxonomy-aligned revenue (turnover)
Entra’s taxonomy-aligned share of revenue in 2024 was 54 per cent. The increase from 2023 is mainly due to revenues from the development project Holtermanns veg 1-13 phase 3.
Taxonomy-aligned CAPEX
Entra's taxonomy-aligned share of CAPEX in 2024 was 29 per cent. The alignment of newbuilds increased in 2024 as Entra has gained a better understanding of the taxonomy criteria and was able to incorporate this knowledge early in the project phase.
Taxonomy-aligned OPEX
Entra’s taxonomy-aligned OPEX was 22 per cent in 2024, a slight increase from 2023.
General comments
This taxonomy assessment is completed with best intention, focused on transparency, and providing explanation for choices made when interpreting the criteria. The interpretation of the criteria is based on both the explicit information available at the time of the assessment and the understanding of the purpose of the requirement. The taxonomy regulation is still in a phase of early adoption and Entra is closely following any clarifications from the EU Commission or any changes in industry best-practice when it comes to interpreting the activity descriptions or technical screening criteria.
Disclosures on nuclear and fossil gas related activities
Nuclear energy related activities
* The undertaking carries out, funds or has exposures to research, development, demonstration and deployment of innovative electricity generation facilities that produce energy from nuclear processes with minimal waste from the fuel cycle: No
* The undertaking carries out, funds or has exposures to construction and safe operation of new nuclear installations to produce electricity or process heat, including for the purposes of district heating or industrial processes such as hydrogen production, as well as their safety upgrades, using best available technologies: No
* The undertaking carries out, funds or has exposures to safe operation of existing nuclear installations that produce electricity or process heat, including for the purposes of district heating or industrial processes such as hydrogen production from nuclear energy, as well as their safety upgrades: No
Fossil gas related activities
* The undertaking carries out, funds or has exposures to construction or operation of electricity generation facilities that produce electricity using fossil gaseous fuels: No
* The undertaking carries out, funds or has exposures to construction, refurbishment, and operation of combined heat/ cool and power generation facilities using fossil gaseous fuels: No
* The undertaking carries out, funds or has exposures to construction, refurbishment and operation of heat generation facilities that produce heat/cool using fossil gaseous fuels: No
Results per activity
Revenue (Turnover)
| Economic Activities (1) | Code (2) | Turnover (3) | Proportion of Turnover 2024 (4) | Substantial Contribution Criteria | Climate Change Mitigation (5) | Climate Change Adaptation (6) | Water (7) | Pollution (8) | Circular Economy (9) | Biodiversity and ecosystems (10) | DNSH criteria ('Does Not Significantly Harm') | Climate Change Mitigation (11) | Climate Change Adaptation (12) | Water (13) | Pollution (14) | Circular Economy (15) | Biodiversity (16) | Minimum Safeguards (17) | Proportion of Taxonomy-aligned (A.1.) or -eligible (A.2.) turnover 2023 (18) | Category (enabling activity) (19) | Category (transitional activity) (20) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. TAXONOMY-ELIGIBLE ACTIVITIES | |||||||||||||||||||||
| A.1. Environmentally sustainable activities (Taxonomy-aligned) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 7.1. Construction of new buildings | CCM 7.1, CE 3.1 | 523 695 742 | 13.43% | Y | N/EL | N/EL | N/EL | N | N/EL | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | 0.04% | E | |||
| 7.7. Acquisition and ownership of buildings | CCM 7.7 | 1 596 971 801 | 40.96% | Y | N/EL | N/EL | N/EL | N/EL | N/EL | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | 46.67% | T | |||
| Turnover of environmentally sustainable activities (Taxonomy-aligned) (A.1) | 2 120 667 543 | 54.40% | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | 54.40% | |||||||||||
| Of which enabling | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | - | E | |||||||||||||
| Of which transitional | Y | Y | Y | - | T | ||||||||||||||||
| A.2 Taxonomy-Eligible but not environmentally sustainable activities (not Taxonomy-aligned activities) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 7.7. Acquisition and ownership of buildings | CCM 7.7 | 1 769 519 830 | 45.39% | EL | N/EL | N/EL | N/EL | N/EL | N/EL | 53.12% | |||||||||||
| Turnover of Taxonomy-eligible but not environmentally sustainable activities (not Taxonomy-aligned activities) (A.2) | 1 769 519 830 | 45.39% | 53.12% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Turnover of Taxonomy-eligible activities (A.1+A.2) | 3 890 187 373 | 99.79% | 99.83% | ||||||||||||||||||
| B. TAXONOMY-NON-ELIGIBLE ACTIVITIES | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Turnover of Taxonomy-non-eligible activities | 8 320 | 0.21% | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total (A+B) | 3 898 508 165 | 100.00% | 100.00% |
Operating expenditure (OpEx)
| Economic Activities (1) | Code (2) | OpEx (3) | Proportion of OpEx 2024 (4) | Substantial Contribution Criteria | Climate Change Mitigation (5) | Climate Change Adaptation (6) | Water (7) | Pollution (8) | Circular Economy (9) | Biodiversity and ecosystems (10) | DNSH criteria ('Does Not Significantly Harm') | Climate Change Mitigation (11) | Climate Change Adaptation (12) | Water (13) | Pollution (14) | Circular Economy (15) | Biodiversity (16) | Minimum Safeguards (17) | Proportion of Taxonomy-aligned (A.1.) or -eligible (A.2.) OpEx 2023 (18) | Category (enabling activity) (19) | Category (transitional activity) (20) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. TAXONOMY-ELIGIBLE ACTIVITIES | |||||||||||||||||||||
| A.1. Environmentally sustainable activities (Taxonomy-aligned) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 7.7. Acquisition and ownership of buildings | CCM 7.7, CCA 7.7 | 18 489 202 | 22.16% | Y | N | N/EL | N/EL | N/EL | N/EL | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | 21.04% | T | |||
| OpEx of environmentally sustainable activities (Taxonomy-aligned) (A.1) | 18 489 202 | 22.16% | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | 22.16% | |||||||||||
| Of which enabling | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | - | E | |||||||||||||
| Of which transitional | Y | Y | Y | - | T | ||||||||||||||||
| A.2 Taxonomy-Eligible but not environmentally sustainable activities (not Taxonomy-aligned activities) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 7.7. Acquisition and ownership of buildings | CCM 7.7, CCA 7.7 | 64 903 854 | 77.80% | EL | EL | N/EL | N/EL | N/EL | N/EL | 74.96% | |||||||||||
| OpEx of Taxonomy-eligible but not environmentally sustainable activities (not Taxonomy-aligned activities) (A.2) | 64 903 854 | 77.80% | 74.96% | ||||||||||||||||||
| OpEx of Taxonomy-eligible activities (A.1+A.2) | 83 393 056 | 99.96% | 96.00% | ||||||||||||||||||
| B. TAXONOMY-NON-ELIGIBLE ACTIVITIES | |||||||||||||||||||||
| OpEx of Taxonomy-non-eligible activities | 34 558 | 0.04% | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total (A+B) | 83 427 614 | 100.00% | 100.00% |
As a conservative approach, activities which can contribute both to climate change mitigation and climate change adaptation but which do not have any adaptation financials allocated to them are marked with N for the climate change adaptation objective.# Entra Annual Report 2024
Sustainability | Environmental information
Part of the Board of Director's report
Capital expenditure (CapEx) 2024
| Economic Activities (1) | Code (2) | CapEx 2023 (3) | Proportion of CapEx 2023 (4) | Climate Change Mitigation (5) | Climate Change Adaptation (6) | Water (7) | Pollution (8) | Circular Economy (9) | Biodiversity and ecosystems (10) | Climate Change Mitigation (11) | Climate Change Adaptation (12) | Water (13) | Pollution (14) | Circular Economy (15) | Biodiversity (16) | Minimum Safeguards (17) | Category (enabling activity) (19) | Category (transitional activity) (20) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. TAXONOMY-ELIGIBLE ACTIVITIES | ||||||||||||||||||
| A.1. Environmentally sustainable activities (Taxonomy-aligned) | ||||||||||||||||||
| 7.1. Construction of new buildings | CCM 7.1, CCA 7.1, CE 3.1 | 247 628 149 | 18.81% | Y | N | N/EL | N/EL | N | N/EL | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| 7.7. Acquisition and ownership of buildings | CCM 7.7, CCA 7.7 | 136 473 783 | 10.37% | Y | N | N/EL | N/EL | N/EL | N/EL | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| CapEx of environmentally sustainable activities (Taxonomy-aligned) (A.1) | 384 101 932 | 29.18% | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | |||||||||
| Of which enabling | - | - | Y | Y | ||||||||||||||
| Of which transitional | - | - | Y | Y | ||||||||||||||
| A.2 Taxonomy-Eligible but not environmentally sustainable activities (not Taxonomy-aligned activities) | ||||||||||||||||||
| 7.1 Construction of new builldings | CCM 7.1, CCA 7.1, CE 3.1 | - | - | EL | N/EL | EL | N/EL | EL | N/EL | EL | N/EL | EL | N/EL | EL | N/EL | |||
| 7.2. Renovation of existing buildings | CCM 7.2, CCA 7.2, CE 3.2 | 109 979 523 | 8.35% | EL | EL | N/EL | N/EL | EL | N/EL | EL | N/EL | EL | N/EL | EL | N/EL | |||
| 7.7. Acquisition and ownership of buildings | CCM 7.7, CCA 7.7 | 822 316 723 | 62.47% | EL | EL | N/EL | N/EL | N/EL | N/EL | EL | N/EL | EL | N/EL | EL | N/EL | |||
| CapEx of Taxonomy-eligible but not environmentally sustainable activities (not Taxonomy-aligned activities) (A.2) | 932 296 246 | 70.82% | ||||||||||||||||
| CapEx of Taxonomy-eligible activities (A.1+A.2) | 1 316 398 178 | 100.00% | ||||||||||||||||
| B. TAXONOMY-NON-ELIGIBLE ACTIVITIES | ||||||||||||||||||
| CapEx of Taxonomy-non-eligible activities | 1 781 | 0.01% | ||||||||||||||||
| Total (A+B) | 1 316 399 959 | 100.00% |
As a conservative approach, activities which can contribute both to climate change mitigation and climate change adaptation but which do not have any adaptation financials allocated to them are marked with N for the climate change adaptation objective. This conservative approach follows the Comission Notice on the interpretation of certain legal provisions of the Disclosures Delegated Act under Article 8 of EU Taxonomy Regulation on the reporting of eligible economic activities and assets (2022/C 385/01) which states that activities contributing to adaptation and are not enabling should only count CapEx and OpEx associated with climate change adaptation measures as eligible (and potentially aligned).
Sustainability | Environmental information
Part of the Board of Director's report
| S1 Own workforce | S2 Workers in the value chain | |
|---|---|---|
| 136 | 146 |
Sustainability | Social information
Part of the Board of Director's report
S1 Own workforce
- Working conditions
- Accidents due to unsafe working conditions: Potential negative impact, Risk
- Equal treatment and opportunities for all
- Training and skill development
- Training and skill development within the organisation: Potential negative impact, Opportunity
- Diversity and inclusion
- Lack of diversity within the organisation: Potential negative impact, Risk
Sustainability | Social information
Part of the Board of Director's report
Introduction
Entra places a high priority on the well-being, development, and diversity of the company's employees. The company believe that a safe, inclusive, and supportive work environment enhances employee satisfaction and productivity, thereby improving the company's reputation.
SMB-3 Entra’s Material impacts, risks and opportunities
- Health and safety
The materiality analysis has identified that Entra may have a potential negative impact on employees' health and safety due to unsafe working conditions, which could lead to accidents. Accidents caused by unsafe working conditions are considered a material risk to Entra because they may negatively affect the company's reputation. Employees involved in the operation of Entra's buildings are the most prone to accidents. - Training and skills development
Entra directly influences employees' access to training and skill development. By providing opportunities for skill development within the company, Entra can enhance employee competence and motivation. This, in turn, can lead to higher productivity and reduced turnover. - Diversity and inclusion
Entra can directly influence the level of diversity and inclusion within its organisation through its recruitment processes. A lack of diversity and inclusion can negatively impact productivity, employee morale, and turnover rates. Entra aims to maintain a safe and healthy working environment, promote a culture of continuous learning and development, and foster a diverse and inclusive workplace.
Sustainability | Social information
Part of the Board of Director's report
S1-1 Policies
- Health and safety
Entra’s Health, Safety, and Environment (HSE) policy forms the basis for Entra's HSE work. The HSE policy states that working, visiting and moving around Entra’s properties shall be safe, and that no employee shall suffer injury or illness due to their work. Further, the policy states that Entra is committed to providing a health-promoting work environment for its employees, ensuring that no one gets injured or becomes ill as a result of their work. In addition, Entra has defined overarching HSE procedures and guidelines related to whistleblowing and serious incidents, HSE deviations, investigation of accidents and near- misses, HSE Reporting, HSE risk assessment, laws and regulations. - Training and skills development
Entra does not have a standalone training and development policy. Instead, its training and development framework is detailed in the Employee Handbook and the Guidelines for Competence Development. This framework is monitored through annual employee- manager dialogues and performance reviews. Additionally, the HR department conducts long- term competence assessments every 2-3 years to ensure alignment with recruitment strategies and internal training needs. - Diversity and inclusion
Entra’s diversity framework is outlined in the Entra Employee Handbook. The framework states that Entra aims to foster an inclusive work environment characterised by diversity and equality and strive to be a workplace where everyone feels safe, valued, and recognised. Entra’s efforts particularly focus on gender balance, representation across different generations, increased diversity, and enhanced competence. The Diversity framework is monitored through the employee surveys and in an annual HR deep dive report which also is presented to the Board.
The HSE policy, procedures, and guidelines apply to Entra’s employees, workers in the value chain, and the company’s tenants. The training and skills development framework, as well as the diversity and inclusion framework, are exclusive to Entra employees. The QHSE manager is responsible for implementing the company’s HSE policy, procedures, and guidelines. The EVP HR and Communication is responsible for implementing the training and skills development framework and the diversity framework. All policies, procedures, guidelines, and frameworks are available on the company intranet.
Sustainability | Social information
Part of the Board of Director's report
S1-2 Processes for engaging with own workforce and worker’s representatives about impacts
- Safety representatives
Entra’s employees have elected 7 safety representatives. Their main function is to take care of employee’s interests in matters that relate to the working environment. The safety representatives have regular meetings with Entra’s QHSE manager. - Employee engagement and employee satisfaction surveys
Entra has regularly engagement with its workforce and workers' representatives through structured processes. The primary engagement occurs through the Working Environment Committee and Workers’ Council. Entra conducts employee satisfaction surveys throughout the year. These surveys provide Entra with information on employee satisfaction, cooperation, leadership, learning and development. The feedback from the survey is used to prioritise actions that enhance the employees’ experiences. - Exit interviews
As part of the offboarding process, Entra conducts exit interviews with its employees.# Sustainability | Social information
Part of the Board of Director's report
S1-3 Processes for remediate negative impacts and channels for own workers to raise concerns
Human rights due diligence
Entra performs human rights due diligence assessments of its own operations, in accordance with the Norwegian Transparency Act. This process involves mapping, stopping, preventing, minimising, monitoring, and communicating the actual and potential negative consequences of the company’s own activities on human rights.
Whistleblowing
To address negative impacts on its workforce, Entra has established mechanisms for reporting unacceptable conditions at work. This includes violations of the law, as well as Entra's values and ethical guildelines. Reports can be made internally to the employee’s supervisor, the Chief Compliance Officer, the EVP HR and Communication, a union representative, or safety representative. Employees also have the option to report via the whistleblowing service provided by Entra’s external partner. External reports can be submitted through a link on the company website, by phone, letter, email, or in person. If the whistleblower wishes, the law firm will protect the whistleblower's identity from Entra to the greatest extent possible.
S1-4 Actions and resources
Health and safety
HSE training, risk assessments and plans
Entra’s employees receive HSE training. The training is mandatory and covers both statutory and Entra-specific HSE training, like emergency procedures, risk assessment, and safe work practices. All new employees are given HSE training and an introduction to Entra’s HSE management systems. Entra conducts HSE risk assessments for all employees, with particular emphasis on those involved in the operation of the property portfolio. Risk assessments are updated regularly in cooperation with safety representatives, the Working Environment Committee, and Executive Management. Regular meetings between Entra’s safety representatives and the QHSE manager are held. Annual action plans for HSE work are drawn up.
Health services and employee surveys
Entra provides annual health checks for all employees. Additionally, all employees have access to psychologists, physiotherapists, and other medical assistance through the company's health insurance. Entra conducts employee surveys and pulse surveys to follow up the well-being and employee satisfaction at four occasions throughout the year.
Training and skills development
Performance reviews and talent development
Entra conducts annual performance reviews at the start of each year, where managers and employees review the previous year's performance goals and define new targets for the coming year. During the second quarter of each year, managers evaluate their direct-report employees and nominate talents based on these evaluations. Subsequently, the managers are responsible for creating development plans for the nominated employees.
Leadership training and knowledge sharing
Entra has an agreement with a third-party supplier specialised in leadership development. Each year, a new leadership training program for managers and high-potential employees is conducted. Through the Entra School, Entra offers courses and training programs for the company’s employees. Entra also has various forums for in-house knowledge sharing, such as monthly breakfast presentations and larger events like Technical Competence Day and the annual Entra Forum. Additionally, Entra gathers industry players at the yearly Market Forum.
Diversity and inclusion
Targeted recruitment
Entra implements its diversity policy through its recruitment processes, aiming to attract a diverse range of candidates. This includes actively searching for candidates from varied cultural and generational backgrounds. In cases where candidates have equivalent competencies, those who contribute to increased diversity are prioritised.
Leadership training on inclusion
Entra has created a training program for company managers, with the objective to enhance the understanding of diversity and inclusion.
Monitoring and reporting diversity data
According to the Norwegian Equality and Anti- Discrimination Act, companies are required to report on their state of equality. Entra monitors and reports on various metrics, including gender balance, wage differences, and the gender distribution across temporary employment, parental leave, and part-time work.
S1-5 Targets
Health and safety targets
Entra aims to maintain a sick leave rate below 3.5 per cent. This target has been in place since 2022. The status on this target is monitored through quarterly sick leave reporting to the Norwegian government and is followed up monthly by the HR department. In 2024 the sick leave rate was 2.15 per cent.
Training and skills development targets
Entra aims for each employee to complete 40 hours of training annually. This target has been in place since 2021. The baseline for measuring progress is established at the beginning of each fiscal year, with progress tracked through regular performance reviews and employee surveys. In 2024, all Entra employees in average completed 34 hours of training.
Diversity and inclusion
Entra aims have a diversity representation of over minimum 12 per cent and a female representation of minimum 40 per cent. The diversity representation target was established in 2022. The female representation target has been in place since around year 2000. Progress on the diversity representation target is measured through the annual employee survey by asking whether employees identify themselves as part of a minority within the workplace in one (or more) of the following minority categories: Nationality, age, gender identity and/or gender expression, ethnicity, sexual orientation, disability, religion and beliefs. Progress on the female representation target is monitored monthly. In 2024 the company had a diversity representation of 14 per cent and a female representation of 39 per cent.
S1-6 Characteristics of the undertaking’s employees
At the end of 2024, Entra employed 112 men and 71 women. The company had 2 temporary employees of whom one was a woman. Entra did not employ anyone on non-guaranteed hours contracts 1. Of the five employees working part- time, three are men and two are women. All have voluntarily decided to work part-time as part of Entra’s policy for seniors and early retirement or for medical reasons. During the reporting period, the total employee turnover at Entra was 12.9 per cent 2. Among those who left, one employee retired. The employee turnover rate for the reporting period was 12.9 per cent, compared to 7.0 per cent in 2023. The turnover rate does not include the employees that worked in Entra’s Trondheim office. As part of the sales process of the Trondheim portfolio, the employees directly affected by the sale were guaranteed continued employment at the company who purchased the portfolio. The underlying data has been collected from the monthly reports generated by the company's HR system. Calculations of the turnover rate are done by dividing the number of terminations (annual) by the number of employees at the beginning of the annual period. This approach is in line with the descriptions given in ISO 30414.
1 Non-guaranteed hours employees are employed by the undertaking without a guarantee of a minimum or fixed number of working hours
2 Excluded Trondheim - calculation methodology: number of employees who have left / number of employees at the beginning of the year (is the universal norm for HCR reporting ISO 30414)
Employee head count by gender
| Gender | Number of employees | Average number of employees |
|---|---|---|
| Male | 112 | 117 |
| Female | 71 | 72 |
| Other | 0 | 0 |
| Not reported | 0 | 0 |
| Total employees | 183 | 189 |
Employee head count by country
| Country | Number of employees | Average number of employees |
|---|---|---|
| Norway | 183 | 189 |
Employee head count by contract type and gender
Number of employees by the end of the reporting period
| Male | Female | Other* | Not disclosed | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of employees | 112 | 71 | 0 | 0 | 183 |
| Number of permanent employees | 111 | 70 | 0 | 0 | 181 |
| Number of temporary employees | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Number of non-guaranteed hours employees | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Number of full-time employees | 109 | 69 | 0 | 0 | 178 |
| Number of part-time employees | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
Average number of employees across the reporting period
| Male | Female | Other* | Not disclosed | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of employees | 117 | 72 | 0 | 0 | 189 |
| Number of permanent employees | 114 | 71 | 0 | 0 | 185 |
| Number of temporary employees | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| Number of non-guaranteed hours employees | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Number of full-time employees | 113 | 70 | 0 | 0 | 183 |
| Number of part-time employees | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
Employee head count by contract type, gender and region
Number of employees by the end of the reporting period per region
| Oslo | Bergen | Sandvika | Drammen | Trondheim | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of employees | 154 | 13 | 9 | 7 | 0 | 183 |
| Number of permanent employees | 152 | 13 | 9 | 7 | 0 | 181 |
| Number of temporary employees | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Number of non-guaranteed hours employees | 0 | 0 |
Part of the Board of Director's report
Full-time and part-time employee head count by gender and region
Number of full-time employees (head count) by the end of the reporting period
| Gender | Oslo | Bergen | Sandvika | Drammen | Stavanger | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | 88 | 9 | 7 | 5 | 0 | 109 |
| Female | 62 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 69 |
| Other | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Not reported | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total employees | 150 | 13 | 9 | 7 | 0 | 178 |
Number of part-time employees (head count) by the end of the reporting period
| Gender | Oslo | Bergen | Sandvika | Drammen | Stavanger | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
| Female | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Other | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Not reported | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total employees | 4 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 5 |
S1-14 Health and safety
There have been no fatalities among Entra's workforce or workers on Entra's sites. The number of work-related accidents involving Entra’s employees amounted to five cases by the end of 2024. The accidents were primarily related to property maintenance. Three of them were fall from height, one was a crush injury, and one accident resulted in swollen eyes. No cases of recordable work-related ill health of the company’s own employees have been registered. The number of cases of recordable work- related ill health of non-employees or former employees are not reported to Entra. All employees at Entra are covered by the company's health and safety system. The system undergoes internal audits in accordance with Entra's procedure for HSE audits. This procedure is available to all employees on the company intranet. Entra’s health and safety system is not certified by an external party.
Work related fatalities, injuries and ill health 2024
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of fatalities in own workforce as result of work-related injuries and work-related ill health | 0 |
| Number of fatalities as result of work-related injuries and work-related ill health of other workers working on undertaking's sites | 0 |
| Number of recordable work-related injuries for own workforce | 5 |
| Rate of recordable work-related injuries for own workforce (per one million hours worked) | 15 |
| Number of cases of recordable work-related ill health of employees | 0 |
| Number of days lost to work-related injuries and fatalities from work-related accidents, work-related ill health and fatalities from ill health related to employees | 0 |
| Number of cases of recordable work-related ill health of non-employees | 0 |
| Percentage of own workforce (head count) who are covered by health and safety management system based on legal requirements and (or) recognised standards or guidelines and which has been internally audited and (or) audited or certified by external party | 100% of employees are covered |
| Description of underlying standards for internal audit or external certification of health and safety management system | Entra has a procedure for internal audits |
| Number of cases of recordable work-related ill health detected among former own workforce | 0 |
S1 -9 Diversity
Entra’s top management level is defined as the company’s executive management (level 1). At the end of 2024, 3 (43 per cent) of the members of the top management were women and 4 (57 per cent) were men. At the end of 2024, Entra had 4 employees under 30 years, representing 2 per cent of the company’s employees. 116 (63 per cent) of Entra’s employees were between 30 and 50 years old, and 63 (34 per cent) were over 50 years old.
Gender distribution top management level
| Gender | Number | Share (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Male | 4 | 57% |
| Female | 3 | 43% |
| Total | 7 | 100% |
S1 -13 Training and skills development
During 2024 100 per cent of Entra’s employees participated in regular performance and career development reviews. The average number of training hours per employee was 34. New hires that begin during the year do not take part in the full process of performance and career development reviews but take part in a lighter version as part of their onboarding. The average number of hours spent on training and development is based partly on participation in obligatory courses and partly based on self- reporting by employees based on courses and programs they have attended from external sources.
Career development reviews and training hours
| Metric | Female | Male |
|---|---|---|
| Percentage of employees that participated in regular performance and career development reviews | 100% | 100% |
| Average number of training hours per employee | 34 | 34 |
S2 Workers in the value chain
Working conditions
| Potential negative impact, Risk | |
|---|---|
| Violations of employee rights in the value chain: | |
| Other work-related rights | |
| Violations of human rights in the value chain: | |
| Violations of human rights in the value chain: |
SMB-3 Entra’s Material impacts, risks and opportunities
According to the materiality analysis, Entra may negatively impact human rights and working conditions within its value chain. The risk of violating both basic human rights and basic employee rights is greatest for workers early in the value chain, working outside of Western Europe. Violations of human rights and employee rights within the value chain present substantial financial risks to Entra, as they may lead to reputational damage, fines, and compensation claims. Even though most of Entra’s direct suppliers and contractors are based in Norway, social dumping and work-related crime are familiar problems within the construction industry. This risk is particularly pronounced in facility services and large construction projects, which involve many different parties. According to The Norwegian Labour Inspection Authority, workers in the construction industry are more exposed to accidents than workers in most other industries. Norwegian authorities have introduced several laws and measures in recent years to counteract and prevent social dumping and market crime in the construction industry. For example, a minimum wage has been established for construction workers. Moreover, the authorities have implemented 'seriousness requirements' for procurements in both the construction and cleaning sectors. These requirements include criteria such as language proficiency standards. Although these efforts have reduced the risk of violations, the risk persists. Entra aims to ensure that employees throughout the value chain are provided with decent working conditions and that their human rights are safeguarded. The EVP Legal and Procurement is responsible for implementing and monitoring the procurement process, and actions and targets related to value chain-workers’ human rights and working conditions. Entra’s QHSE manager is responsible for implementing and monitoring policies and guidelines.
Introduction
Entra normally spends around NOK 2.5 billion annually on external suppliers. The main suppliers include the largest construction companies in Norway and their sub-suppliers, such as carpenters, electricians and plumbers. Within property management, the largest suppliers are facility service providers, including cafeteria operations and cleaning services agencies.
S2-1 Policies
Human rights policy
Through its Human rights policy, Entra is committed to developing an organisational culture supporting internationally recognised human rights and to avoid human rights abuses. The company supports the principles contained within the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and the ILO Core Conventions on Labour Standards.
Procurement policy and guidelines
Entra has established a Procurement policy with accompanying guidelines that define the role and responsibilities of the business areas, overarching principles and requirements for procurements, requirements for the procurement process, including supplier qualification requirements, involvement of the procurement department, and documentation requirements.
Supplier Code of Conduct
Entra’s Supplier Code of Conduct outlines fundamental requirements concerning human rights, working conditions, responsible procurement, environment, health and safety, monitoring and control, and business ethics. The Supplier Code of Conduct requires the company’s suppliers to adhere to the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child and the Human Rights Convention.
HSE policy, procedures and guidelines
Entra’s HSE policy, described under S1 Own Workforce on page 138 , also applies to the company’s value chain workers and tenants. Additionally, Entra has established specific procedures and guidelines for construction projects, collectively known as SHA procedures.# Sustainability | Social information
Part of the Board of Director's report
S2-2 Processes for engaging with value chain workers about impacts
Supplier dialogue
Entra's main source of views and feedback from workers in the value chain is through dialogue with suppliers, conducted via management meetings, market dialogue, contract and project follow-up meetings, and daily contact with workers on construction sites. The feedback and views of suppliers and workers are taken into account in the development of contract requirements, such as the Supplier Code of Conduct. Furthermore, this feedback is also considered in contract management during the project implementation phase. The views of suppliers and workers provide important input for the continuous improvement of our routines, processes, and systems. Entra has regular dialogue with strategic suppliers and clearly communicates expectations related to human rights, decent working conditions, both before and after entering into a contract. Selected suppliers are invited to meetings to discuss a common approach to the challenges facing the industry.
Inspections and follow-up on construction site
Entra conducts regular inspections of pay and working conditions on its construction sites. During these random checks or visits to the construction sites, value chain workers can speak up without being monitored by their supervisor.
S2-3 Processes to remediate negative impacts and channels for value chain workers to raise concerns
Human rights and labour rights due diligence
Entra performs human rights and labour rights due diligence assessments of its suppliers and subcontractors in accordance with the Norwegian Transparency Act. This process involves mapping, stopping, preventing, minimising, monitoring, and communicating the actual and potential negative consequences of the company’s value chain-activities on human rights. Entra maps risks in its s supply chain using Factlines, a web-based reporting tool. Recipients of the survey are suppliers of goods and services within Entra’s identified high-risk segments (construction and cleaning) from which the annual purchasing volume exceeds NOK 500 000.
Whistleblowing
Entra’s external whistleblowing service, described in S1 Own work force on page 139, is also available to value chain workers and external stakeholders on the company website.
S2-4 Actions
Requirements for the procurement process
In its Procurement policy and guidelines, Entra has defined the following requirements to stop, prevent, and mitigate negative impacts on workers in the value chain: supplier qualification, supplier and contract follow-up, supplier audits, controls, and mapping of risks in the supplier's supply chain.
Supplier qualification requirements
Entra collaborates exclusively with suppliers who align with the company’s views and requirements regarding the environment, corporate social responsibility, health and safety, and responsible business conduct. Entra imposes the following requirements on the company’s suppliers and partners:
-
Adherence to Entra’s Supplier Code of Conduct
All of Entra’s suppliers and partners are mandated to adhere to Entra’s Supplier Code of Conduct. This document sets requirements, among other things, for the protection of working rights and human rights, the environment, health and safety, and business conduct. -
Staffing companies registration
Contractors are required to use personnel exclusively from staffing companies registered with the Norwegian Labour Inspection Authority. They must also document that the hiring company has a nationwide collective agreement. If such an agreement is not in place, hiring is permitted solely as a temporary replacement for an absent employee. -
Compliance with the General Application Regulations
All contractors must comply with the General Application Regulations. As a client, Entra has a duty to ensure that these regulations, which set requirements for wages and working conditions on construction sites, are followed by its suppliers. Contractors must also ensure that their subcontractors comply with the General Application Regulations. -
HSE requirements
Entra imposes a series of HSE requirements on suppliers working on projects and operations. For instance, startup meetings are mandatory for all projects to review HSE requirements. Additionally, Entra requires electronic crew lists and the use of appropriate protective equipment. In large projects, emergency drills must be conducted semi-annually. -
Use of HMSREG
Suppliers are required to use HMSREG to ensure that all HSE requirements are followed on construction sites. This includes maintaining electronic crew lists, using appropriate protective equipment, and conducting startup meetings and emergency drills. -
StartBANK registration
Contractors and subcontractors delivering goods and services to Entra's properties and construction projects must be registered in the StartBANK register or have initiated the registration process at the time of contract signing. This provides Entra with an overview of the organisation’s financial situation, management systems, and payment of taxes and public fees. -
Approval for cleaning companies
All cleaning companies working for Entra must be approved by the Norwegian Labour Inspection Authority. At the start of the contract, the company should have either an "application under processing" or an "HMS card order under processing." The registration must be finalised within one month after the agreement is signed.
Entra’s supplier qualification requirements is available to external stakeholders on the company website.
Contract follow-ups and supplier audits
Entra conducts regular follow-ups and supplier audits to ensure compliance with Norwegian law, Entra’s supplier qualifications and HSE requirements. An annual audit plan is developed in collaboration with a team from Legal & Procurement, HSE and Project Development. The audit plan is based on risk assessments that consider the following factors:
i) Project/ property/supplier size and complexity,
ii) contract conditions, contract model, and supplier selection,
iii) outcomes of changes, previous audits, and controls
iv) project organisation,
v) project start date and duration.
In addition to conducting supplier audits with Entra’s direct suppliers, Entra reviews a selection of subcontractors. These audits primarily focus on the pay and working conditions of employees or contracted staff assigned to Entra projects. If any deviations are discovered, they are typically addressed directly with the supplier. Should these deviations remain unresolved or be of a serious character, the contract may be terminated.
In 2024, 5 supplier audits were carried out. Through these audits Entra reviewed the pay and working conditions of 13 individuals working for suppliers' subcontractors in Entra’s supply chain. No serious deviations were reported in the audits; however, some minor violations related to working hours and employee contracts were uncovered. These deviations were addressed, followed up on, and resolved in collaboration with the suppliers. The 2024 audits were conducted by a combination of internal personnel and external audit companies.
S2-5 Targets
Entra aims to conduct a minimum of 5 annual supplier audits and controls. This target has been in place since 2018. Progress on this target is followed up annually by the EVP Legal and Procurement.
Sustainability | Governance information
Part of the Board of Director's report
G1 Business conduct
Corporate culture
Non-compliance with Entra’s requirements, expectations or the law:
* Risk Management of relationship with suppliers
* Placing demands on the company’s suppliers: Potential positive impact, Opportunity
* Corruption and bribery
* Corruption and bribery within own business and value chain: Potential negative impact, Risk
SMB-3 Entra’s impact,# Sustainability | Governance information
Part of the Board of Director's report
G1-1 Corporate culture and business conduct policies
OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises
Entra adheres to the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises. These guidelines provide recommendations on responsible business conduct concerning human rights, employment and industrial relations, the environment, anti-corruption measures, science and technology, competition, and taxation.
Ethical Guidelines
Entra’s Ethical Guidelines are built on the principles of equal opportunities for all, concern for the environment, and a societal view that emphasises ethics, transparency, honesty, and sincerity. The purpose of these guidelines is to define common standards and ensure that the company’s employees act in alignment with its corporate values. The guidelines state that Entra’s employees shall act in accordance with laws, regulations, the company’s core values, and the decisions of the Board. Employees are also expected to perform tasks and act in a manner that does not harm the company’s reputation and trust. They shall not accept gifts, commissions, or services in relation to their duties, procurements, and contract negotiations. Entra’s employees shall always provide accurate and sufficient information. The guidelines also state the employees' duties and rights regarding internal misconduct. Among other things, an employee suspected of internal misconduct has the right and duty to explain themselves. The employee has the right to bring a person, such as a union representative, to assist them during the conversation. The explanation shall be documented in the official record, signed by the employee and the other attendees.
The Ethical Guidelines are incorporated into the management development program and are evaluated by the Board annually. Entra fosters ethical awareness through training programs, including an e-learning program, which all employees and the Board are required to review annually. Additionally, Entra has implemented dilemma training in ethics for its employees. This training is part of the introduction course for new employees, and all employees complete online dilemma training each year. All employees are required to sign a document confirming that they have read and understood Entra's Ethical Guidelines at the start of their employment. Additionally, employees must sign again if there are any changes or revisions to these guidelines.
Violations of Entra’s Ethical Guidelines and governing documents will be subject to individual assessment based on each case, which may include correction from a superior, a note in the personnel file, or termination/ dismissal. The company will report all criminal matters without delay. Employees involved in contract negotiations and other procurement activities are most at risk for corruption and bribery.
Guidelines for Ethics and Personal Conduct
In addition to the company’s Ethical Guidelines, Entra has established Guidelines for Ethics and Personal Conduct. These guidelines describe the company’s rules regarding personal behavior, order, discrimination, confidentiality, substance use, the environment, and loyalty.
Entra has established mechanisms for reporting unacceptable conditions. This includes violations of the law, Entra's values, ethical guidelines, and regulations, as well as breaches of public laws. The whistleblower routines apply to Entra’s employees, value chain workers, and other external stakeholders. For more information about Entra’s whistleblowing routines, see page 139.
Entra’s Ethical Guidelines apply to all Entra employees, as well as the company’s Board members and suppliers. The Guidelines for Ethics and Personal Conduct apply to all Entra employees. The EVP Legal and Procurement is responsible for implementing both the Ethical Guidelines and the Guidelines for Ethics and Personal Conduct. Both guidelines are described in the Personnel Handbook, available on the company intranet.
G1-2 Management of relationship with suppliers
Entra requires that all its suppliers adhere to the company’s Ethical Guidelines and Supplier qualification requirements. This includes compliance with Entra’s Supplier Code of Conduct. In this way, Entra can influence their suppliers’ behavior related to workers' rights and human rights, the environment, health and safety, and business conduct. To ensure compliance with Entra’s Supplier qualification requirements, Entra regularly conducts contract follow-ups and supplier audits. For more information about Entra’s supplier requirements and routines for supplier audits, see ESRS S2 Workers in the value chain, page 148– 151.
G1-3 Prevention and detection of corruption and bribery
Entra’s Ethical Guidelines clearly state that corruption and bribery are not permitted: 'Corruption, bribery, and improper actions destroy market balance and hinder healthy societal development. High ethical standards must be maintained in the Group’s business activities, and the Group shall only be involved in business activities that comply with laws and regulations. The Group imposes the same requirements on its partners. The Group and its employees shall never offer, give, or receive money or other valuables improperly to obtain or maintain advantages for the Group or for individual employees.'
As outlined on the previous page, violations of Entra’s Ethical Guidelines and governing documents, which include the prohibition of corruption and bribery, will be subject to individual assessment based on each case. The company will report all criminal matters without delay.
G1-4 Confirmed incidents of corruption and bribery
Entra had no convictions related to violations of anti-corruption and anti-bribery laws, nor any confirmed incidents of corruption or bribery in 2024.
G1-6 Payment practices
The average time Entra takes to pay an invoice from the date when the contractual or statutory term of payment starts to be calculated is 30 days. Entra’s standard payment terms are 30 days. Entra has no legal proceedings currently outstanding for late payments.
Sustainability | Appendices
Part of the Board of Director's report
TCFD reporting
Reporting according to the Task Force on Climate-Related Financial Disclosures (TCFD):
| Recommended disclosures | Governance | Strategy | Risk management | Indicators and goals |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. The Board's monitoring of climate-related risks and opportunities | A. Climate-related risks and opportunities the organisation has identified | A. The organisation's process for identifying climate-related risks | A. The organisation’s indicators for evaluating climate-related risks and opportunities | |
| Page 7 5–77 | Page 64 , 83 , 99 –102 | Page 8 9–90 | Page 100 –102 | |
| B. Management’s role regarding assessing and managing climate-related risks and opportunities | B. Impact from risks and opportunities on the organisation’s operations, strategy and financial planning | B. The organisation’s processes for managing climate-related risks. | B. Emissions of Scope 1, 2 and 3 under the Greenhouse Gas Protocol | |
| Page 7 5–77 | Page 64 , 83–87 , 99 –102 | Page 64 , 104 | Page 109 –118 | |
| C. Preparation of the organisation’s strategy in consideration of various climate-related scenarios | C. Integration of the above processes in the organisation’s general risk management | |||
| Page 64 , 99 –102 | Page 5 3–65 |
Part of the Board of Director's report
EPRA Sustainability Performance Measures
Overarching recommendations
Entra reports on its GHG emissions, energy usage, water consumption, waste management, and social governance impacts in accordance with the European Real Estate Association (EPRA) Sustainability Best Practice Recommendations on Sustainability Reporting 4th Version (sBPR).
Organisational Boundary
Entra reports on asset-level sustainability impacts for assets within its management portfolio where it has full operational control. This boundary, defined by the GHG Protocol, aligns with the Group's organisational structure as determined for financial reporting purposes and excludes assets under construction or redevelopment. For the reporting year 2024, Entra has estimated data where we have lacked accurate data. The reporting period spans from 1 January to 31 December.
Data Coverage
For each asset-level performance measure, Entra discloses the number of properties reported in relation to the total number of management properties in the Group portfolio. Like-for-like performance measures include properties consistently in operation during the two most recent full reporting years and exclude asset acquisitions, disposals, major redevelopments, developments, and fully vacant properties. Like-for-like performance measures also exclude assets with changes in data coverage levels between the two reporting periods where the missing data cannot be reliably estimated.
Estimation of landlord-obtained utility consumption
Generally, the estimation of missing data for partially unavailable or unreliable utility consumption in asset-level performance measures is minimal. In such cases, missing period data are estimated using known consumption from other periods for the metered supply in question. The proportion of estimated data is disclosed as a percentage of the total data provided for the relevant performance measure. The same estimation method is used for all performance measures and assets. Note that while there is limited estimation of waste data itself, the percentage of waste per disposal route is calculated by multiplying the actual waste produced by the proportion of waste solutions for each waste group. This information on waste processing is provided directly by Entra’s waste management supplier.
As information is unavailable for the office space associated with Entra’s headquarters, all performance measures for Entra’s headquarters are calculated based on Entra’s proportionate share of actual utility data for the property where Entra is a tenant. Entra’s headquarters are located in Oslo.
Entra does not adjust data based on climate fluctuations or occupancy rates. Variations in asset-level performance attributed to these factors are commented on directly in the performance narrative, if relevant. As of 31 December 2024, the portfolio occupancy was 94.3 per cent.
Third party assurance
Entra has obtained third party assurance of its sustainability data for this reporting period. The statement from Entra's external auditors can be found on pages 245–247.
Boundaries – reporting on landlord and tenant consumption
Entra, as the landlord, is responsible for obtaining a portion of the overall utilities consumed at the asset level. Total landlord-obtained consumption includes utilities for common areas as well as tenant consumption that is sub-metered from the landlord. The remaining consumption is obtained and paid for directly by the tenants. Entra has access to tenant-obtained consumption data and reports on whole-building consumption for all asset-level environmental performance measures. Utilities purchased by Entra as the landlord (landlord-obtained) and those directly purchased by tenants (tenant-obtained) are presented separately under total consumption.
Normalisation
Since the majority of Entra’s management portfolio is utilised as office space, floor area is deemed the most appropriate denominator for asset-level performance measures. Whole-building consumption is divided by the Gross Leasable Area (GLA). The denominator, GLA, is closely aligned with the numerator because total consumption includes tenant-obtained utilities and is consistent with the areas disclosed in Entra’s financial reporting.
For absolute intensities, Entra either includes pre-existing data or prorates consumption for the full year for properties entering or exiting the management portfolio during the reporting period. This method removes the mismatch between the collected consumption data in the numerator and GLA as the denominator, resulting in more comparable absolute intensities.
The number of hours or days worked is used as the denominator when calculating health and safety performance measures.
Segmental analysis
Segmental reporting and analysis by geography or property type do not provide significantly greater insight into asset-level performance measures. As presented in its financial reports, Entra’s management portfolio mainly consists of office properties located in Oslo, Norway, and other regional cities, with Oslo representing the majority of the portfolio's value.
Disclosure on own offices
Entra separately discloses the environmental impact of its own occupation within its sustainability statement. Since Entra is a tenant at a property within its own management portfolio, this data is also included in the total portfolio consumption. Please refer to the paragraph on estimation for details regarding the calculation of data for Entra’s headquarters.
Performance narrative on our managed assets
The following section provides a brief commentary on the asset-level performance indicators for Entra’s management portfolio and headquarters for 2024. For an outline of our plans for managing future performance, please refer to the sustainability statement.
Energy
In 2024, absolute electricity consumption across the 84 managed assets with available data totaled 101,026 MWh, compared to 103,989 MWh in 2023. Measured on a like-for-like basis, the decrease relative to 2023 was 2 per cent. Landlord-obtained consumption amounted to 74,235.6 MWh, of which 1.1 per cent came from renewable resources (six buildings).
Absolute district heating and cooling consumption across the 65 managed assets totaled 50,927 MWh, an absolute decrease of 16 per cent, explained by the divesting of several properties utilizing district heating. As of 2024, there is only one property with permanent fuel consumption for heating.
Building energy intensity across the 61 management properties in our portfolio with like-for-like performance data was 124 kWh per square meter in 2024, down by 3 per cent compared to 2023.
Greenhouse gas
The greenhouse gas accounting principles are changed due to an attempt to link the estimation methods towards ESRS principles. Therefore 2023 emissions are recalculated. However, for the purpose of benchmarking we have placed all building energy consumption in scope 1 and 2.
Greenhouse gas intensity from building energy across the same assets increased to 1.31kg CO2e per square meter, an increase of 20 per cent compared with 2023. This increase is mainly due to increased emission factors for both electricity and district heating. The increased emission factors are a result of lower renewable energy shares.
GHG emissions presented in the EPRA table are based on location-based and market-based emission factors for electricity. If calculated using the market-based emission factor for electricity, the GHG emission from electricity were approximately 62 tCO2e in 2024.
Water
100 per cent of water consumption comes from municipal water supplies sources. Absolute water consumption across the 71 managed assets with available data in 2024 was 210,751 m³ compared with 276,898 m³ in 2023.
Building water intensity across the 52 assets with like-for-like performance data was 0.19 m³ per square meter in 2024, a reduction from 2023.
Own organisation
Energy
Entra’s electricity consumption at its headquarters totaled 207,171 kWh in 2024, an 8 per cent decrease compared to 224,291 kWh in 2023. This decrease is due to an abnormal mild November and December in 2024.
Entra’s pro-rated share of district heating and cooling decreased from 99,964 kWh in 2023 to 98,908 kWh in 2024.
Entra’s headquarters do not utilise fuels as an energy source. Energy intensity for Entra’s headquarters was 111 kWh per square meter in 2024, a decrease of 5.5 per cent compared to 2023.
Greenhouse gas
Greenhouse gas intensity from building energy ended at 2.4 kg CO2e per square meter in 2024 compared to 2.6 kg CO2e in 2023.
Water
Entra’s proportionate share of water consumption in 2024 was 540 m³, compared with 654 m³ in 2023. Building water intensity was 0.19 m³ per square meter in 2024, compared to 0.23 m³ per square meter in 2023.
Waste
Entra’s proportionate share of total waste created increased by 23 per cent, from 10.2 tonnes in 2023 to 12.9 tonnes in 2024. There was high activity in the headquarters during 2024 with higher attendance than previous years.
Performance narrative on social
Gender diversity among employees is calculated as the percentage of females relative to males. The percentage of female senior executives at the end of 2024 was 43 per cent, similarly to 2023. The gender pay ratio is calculated as the pay ratio of women relative to men.# Sustainability | Appendices
Part of the Board of Director's report
Environmental Performance Measures
Environment
| Impact area | EPRA Code | Units of measure | Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total portfolio | Headquarter (s) | ||||||||
| Absolute performance (Abs) | Absolute performance (Abs) | ||||||||
| Like-for-like by property type (LfL) | |||||||||
| Energy | Elec-Abs, Elec-LfL | annual kWh | Electricity | ||||||
| Total landlord-obtained electricity | 81,062,895 | 74,235,384 | 67,697,802 | 64,420,397 | 224,291,207 | 171,073,831 | |||
| % | Proportion of landlord-obtained electricity from renewable resources | 1.6% | 1.1% | 1.8% | 1.2% | - | - | ||
| Total tenant-obtained electricity | 22,925,742 | 26,790,863 | 19,451,242 | 21,204,501 | - | - | |||
| Total landlord- and tenant-obtained electricity consumption | 103,988,637 | 101,026,247 | 87,149,044 | 85,624,897 | 224,291,207 | 171,073,831 | |||
| No. of applicable properties | Electricity disclosure coverage | 84 out of 95 | 84 out of 84 | 61 out of 61 | 61 out of 61 | 1 out of 1 | 1 out of 1 | ||
| % | Proportion of electricity estimated | - | 6% | 6% | 6% | - | - | ||
| DH&C-Abs, DH&C-LfL | annual kWh | District heating and cooling | |||||||
| Total landlord-obtained district heating and cooling | 55,921,858 | 49,180,556 | 42,465,522 | 41,641,373 | 99,964,98 | 90,873,007 | |||
| % | Proportion of landlord-obtained heating and cooling from renewable resources | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| Total tenant-obtained heating and cooling | 4,677,503 | 1,746,584 | 3,528,614 | 1,774,711 | - | - | |||
| Total landlord- and tenant-obtained heating and cooling | 60,599,361 | 50,927,140 | 45,994,136 | 43,416,084 | 99,964,98 | 90,873,007 | |||
| No. of applicable properties | District heating and cooling disclosure coverage | 69 out of 95 | 65 out of 65 | 46 out of 46 | 46 out of 46 | 1 out of 1 | 1 out of 1 | ||
| % | Proportion of district heating and cooling estimated | - | 4% | 4% | 4% | - | - | ||
| Fuels-Abs, Fuels-LfL | annual kWh | Fuels | |||||||
| Total direct landlord-obtained fuels | - | 295,915 | - | 295,915 | - | - | |||
| % | Proportion of landlord obtained fuels from renewable resources | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| Total tenant-obtained fuels | - | 292,926 | - | 292,926 | - | - | |||
| Total landlord- and tenant-obtained fuels | - | 588,841 | - | 588,841 | - | - | |||
| No. of applicable properties | Fuels disclosure coverage | 0 out of 1 | 2 out of 2 | 0 out of 2 | 2 out of 2 | NA | NA | ||
| % | Proportion of fuels estimated | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| Energy-Int | annual kWh / sqm | Building energy intensity | 123 | 124 | 128 | 124 | 118 | 111 |
Greenhouse gas emissions
| Impact area | EPRA Code | Units of measure | Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total portfolio | Headquarter (s) | ||||||||
| Absolute performance (Abs) | Absolute performance (Abs) | ||||||||
| Like-for-like by property type (LfL) | |||||||||
| Greenhouse gas emissions | GHG-Dir-Abs | annual tonnes CO 2 e | Direct Scope 1 | 204,281 | 186,281 | - | - | - | - |
| GHG-Indir-Abs | annual tonnes CO 2 e | Indirect/location based Scope 2 | 1,418,951 | 1,389,095 | 1,084,042 | 1,084,043 | 42,437,243 | 43,418,291 | |
| GHG-Int | kg CO 2 e / sqm / year | GHG emissions intensity | 1.21 | 1.36 | 1.09 | 1.31 | 0.0207 | 0.0213 | |
| GHG-Indir-Abs | annual tonnes CO 2 e | Indirect *Scope 3 | |||||||
| 1. Goods and services purchased | 13,533 | 13,810 | 12,599 | 13,012 | 85 | 57 | |||
| 2. Capital goods | 4,776,877 | 4,776,877 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |||
| 3. Fuel- and energy-related activities | 71 | 105 | 47 | 78 | 2 | 3 | |||
| 4. Upstream transportation and distribution | 330 | 248 | 305 | 232 | NA | NA | |||
| 5. Waste and water generated in operation | 75 | 70 | 39 | 33 | 2 | 2 | |||
| 6. Business travel | 38 | 33 | NA | NA | 38 | 33 | |||
| 7. Employee commutes | 38 | 28 | NA | NA | 38 | 28 | |||
| 9. Downstream transportation and distribution | - | - | - | - | NA | NA | |||
| 15. Investments | - | 1 | NA | NA | NA | NA | |||
| Scope 3 total | 18,862 | 15,171 | 17,766 | 14,233 | 166 | 122 | |||
| Total scope 1+2+3 | 20,485 | 16,840 | 18,903 | 15,597 | 208 | 165 | |||
| No. of applicable properties | Energy and associated GHG disclosure coverage | 97 out of 97 | 93 out of 93 | 64 out of 64 | 64 out of 64 | 1 out of 1 | 1 out of 1 | ||
| % | Proportion of energy and associated GHG estimated | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| GHG emissions – Guarantee of origin | GHG-Indir-Abs | annual tonnes CO 2 e | Indirect/market based Scope 2 | 60,780 | 61,893 | 42,268 | 48,671 | 92.1 | 111.6 |
Water
| Impact area | EPRA Code | Units of measure | Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total portfolio | Headquarter (s) | ||||||||
| Absolute performance (Abs) | Absolute performance (Abs) | ||||||||
| Like-for-like by property type (LfL) | |||||||||
| Water | Water-Abs, Water-LfL | annual cubic metres (m 3 ) | Municipal water | 276,898 | 210,751 | 256,896 | 184,476 | 654,540 | 540,144 |
| Water-Int | annual m 3 / sqm | Building water intensity | 0.21 | 0.19 | 0.21 | 0.19 | 0.23 | 0.19 | |
| No. of applicable properties | Water disclosure coverage | 82 out of 95 | 71 out of 81 | 52 out of 52 | 52 out of 52 | 1 out of 1 | 1 out of 1 | ||
| % | Proportion of water estimated | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Waste
| Impact area | EPRA Code | Units of measure | Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total portfolio | Headquarter (s) | ||||||||
| Absolute performance (Abs) | Absolute performance (Abs) | ||||||||
| Like-for-like by property type (LfL) | |||||||||
| Waste | Waste-Abs, Waste-LfL | annual tonnes | Waste type | ||||||
| Hazardous waste | 39 | 45 | 39 | 39 | 0.01 | - | |||
| Non-Hazardous waste | 3,791 | 3,662 | 3,385 | 3,005 | 10.5 | 12.9 | |||
| Total waste | 3,831 | 3,708 | 3,424 | 3,044 | 10.5 | 12.9 | |||
| proportion by disposal route (%) | Disposal routes, hazardous | ||||||||
| Reuse | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||
| Recycling | 23% | 65% | 23% | 65% | 47% | 98% | |||
| Incineration (with or without energy recovery) | 76% | 35% | 76% | 34% | 1% | 2% | |||
| Landfill (with or without energy recovery) | 1% | - | 1% | - | 52% | - | |||
| Disposal routes, non-hazardous | |||||||||
| Reuse | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||
| Recycling | 40% | 42% | 40% | 42% | - | 56% | |||
| Incineration (with or without energy recovery) | 46% | 43% | 46% | 42% | - | 24% | |||
| Landfill (with of without energy recovery) | 14% | 15% | 14% | 15% | - | 1% | |||
| Biodiesel production | - | - | - | - | - | 20% | |||
| No. of applicable properties | Waste disclosure coverage | 77 out of 95 | 71 out of 81 | 52 out of 52 | 52 out of 52 | 1 out of 1 | 1 out of 1 | ||
| % | Proportion of waste estimated | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Certification
| Impact area | EPRA Code | Units of measure | Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total portfolio | Headquarter (s) | ||||||||
| Absolute performance (Abs) | Absolute performance (Abs) | ||||||||
| Like-for-like by property type (LfL) | |||||||||
| Certification | Cert-Tot | % total floor area | Level of certification | ||||||
| BREEAM-NOR | |||||||||
| Outstanding | 2% | 2% | 3% | 1% | - | - | |||
| Excellent | 15% | 17% | 21% | 14% | - | - | |||
| Very Good | 20% | 23% | 29% | 22% | - | - | |||
| No. of applicable properties | 27 out of 95 | 22 out of 81 | 27 out of 77 | 23 out of 71 | - | - | |||
| Cert-Tot | % total floor area | Level of certification | |||||||
| BREEAM In-use: Asset Performance | |||||||||
| Outstanding | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||
| Excellent | 21% | 24% | 23% | 21% | - | - | |||
| Very Good | 8% | 9% | 9% | 8% | - | - | |||
| Good | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||
| No. of applicable properties | 18 out of 95 | 16 out of 81 | 18 out of 77 | 27 out of 71 | - | - | |||
| Cert-Tot | % total floor area | Level of certification | |||||||
| BREEAM In-use: Building Management | |||||||||
| Outstanding | 5% | 5% | 5% | 3% | - | - | |||
| Excellent | 16% | 18% | 18% | 19% | - | - | |||
| Very Good | 7% | 8% | 7% | 4% | - | - | |||
| Good | - | - | - | - | - | - | |||
| No. of applicable properties | 17 out of 95 | 11 out of 81 | 17 out of 77 | 11 out of 71 | - | - |
Data Qualifying Note
1: NA = "Not applicable"
2: GHG Scope 1 emissions from fossil fuels are calculated using data from DEFRA (2024) and MD National Standard Emission factors and refrigerants are calculated using data from DEFRA (2024), Honeywell refigerants (2014) and Linde Gas (2019)
3: GHG Scope 2 emissions from use of electricity and district heating and cooling are calculated using a location based approach. For electricity, Norwegian mix factor (based on calculated emisson from the Nordic countries, weighted average from the last two years) is utilised.
4: GHG Scope 2: Alternative Electricity emission - Market based method (Guarantee of Origin): Entra has bought GoO for own offices and vacancy during 2024.
5: GHG Scope 3: Emissions from travel, waste and water consumption are calculated using a location based approach. For 2024 emission factors waste are updated using DEFRA emissions.
6. Entra's headquarters data is also included in the total portfolio as that Entra is a tenant at one of its own properties. HQ is located in Oslo, but Entra has also two local offices in Bergen and Trondheim.
7: Employees commuting, 162 out of 178 respondance to company survey in 2024. Average calculation for the rest.# Sustainability | Appendices
Social Impact area
| Corporate performance EPRA Code | Units of measure | Indicator | 2023 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diversity | ||||
| Diversity-Emp | % of employees | Gender diversity Direct employees within significant employee categories having strategic influence on company activities | ||
| Board of directors | 43% | 50% | ||
| Senior Management | 43% | 43% | ||
| Managerial positions | 40% | 38% | ||
| Diversity-Pay | Ratio average basic salary | Gender pay ratio Direct employees basic salary within significant employee categories as identified in diversity-emp | ||
| Board of directors | 37% | 41% | ||
| Senior Management | 94% | 95% | ||
| Managerial positions | 97% | 94% | ||
| Ratio average bonus | Gender pay ratio Direct employees bonus within significant employee categories as identified in diversity-emp | |||
| Board of directors | NA | NA | ||
| Senior Management | 91% | 149% | ||
| Managerial positions | 96% | 96% | ||
| Employee Training and Development | ||||
| Emp-training | Average hours | Training and development Direct employees training hours (vocational, paid educational leave, external courses, specific topics, etc.) | 26 | 34 |
| Emp-dev | % of employees | Performance appraisals Direct employees who receive regular performance and career development review | 100% | 100% |
| Emp-Turnover | ||||
| Total number | New hires Direct employees | 12 | 19 | |
| Rate | New hires Direct employees | 6% | 10.4% | |
| Total number | Turnover Direct employees | 13 | 24 | |
| Rate | Turnover Direct employees | 6.5% | 12.9% |
| Impact area | Corporate performance EPRA Code | Units of measure | Indicator | 2023 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Health and safety | |||||
| H&S-Emp | % of total days | Sick leave Direct employees | 2.6% | 2.2% | |
| Total number | Incidents, direct employees | Developments | - | - | |
| Managed portfolio | 3 | 5 | |||
| Lost day injuries, direct employees | Developments | - | - | ||
| Managed portfolio | - | - | |||
| Fatalities, direct employees | Developments | - | - | ||
| Managed portfolio | - | - | |||
| Per 1 000 000 hours worked | Injury rate Direct employees | 8.17 | 15.18 | ||
| Per 1 00 000 hours worked | Lost day rate Direct employees | - | - | ||
| Per 1 000 000 hours worked | Accident severity rate Direct employees | - | - | ||
| H&S-Asset | % of assets | Assets for which H&S impacts are assessed or reviewed for compliance | 100% | 100% | |
| H&S-Comp | Total number | Number of incidents Registered internal control deviations at assets in management portfolio | 3 | 398 | |
| H&S-Asset | Narrative | % of assets | Asset health and safety assessments See narrative in sustainability statement on page 137–144 | ||
| H&S-Comp | Narrative | Number of incidents | Asset health and safety compliance See narrative in sustainability statement on page 137–144 | ||
| Community Engagement | |||||
| Comty-Eng | Narrative | % of assets | Community engagement, impact assessments and/or development programs See narrative in sustainability statement on page 81–82 |
Governance
| Corporate performance EPRA Code | Units of measure | Indicator | 2023 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gov-Board | Total number | Executive board members Composition of highest governance body | - | - |
| Total number | Non-executive board members Composition of highest governance body | 7 | 8 | |
| Total number | Non-executive board members with competence within environmental topics Composition of highest governance body | 5 | 6 | |
| Average tenure (years) | Board members Composition of highest governance body | 4.3 | 3.5 | |
| Gov-Selec | Narrative on process | Process for nominating and selecting the highest governance body See narrative on page 47 | ||
| Gov-Col | Narrative on process | Process for managing conflicts of interest See narrative on page 41–42 |
Social data note 1: NA = "Not applicable"
2: Diversity-Emp: Genter diversity, percentage of female to men
3: Diversity-pay: gender pay ratio women to men
4: Employees training, number out of employees attending educational training (over a longer periode or short training sessions) in 2024
GRI Index
Statement of use
Entra has reported with reference to the GRI Standards for the period Jan 1 to Dec 31, 2024
GRI 1 used: GRI 1: Foundation 2021
Applicable GRI Sector Standard(s):
In addition to General Disclosures (2-1 to 2-30) and Material Topics (3-1 to 3-3), only GRI disclosures defined as material by Entra based on our materiality analysis, are included in the GRI Index.
| GRI standard/Other source | Disclosure | Omission | Location | Requirement(s) omitted | Reason | Explanation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| General disclosures | ||||||
| GRI 2: General Disclosures 2021 | ||||||
| 2-1 | Organisational details | Last page of the report | ||||
| 2-2 | Entities included in the organisation’s sustainability reporting | p. 73 , Last page of the report | ||||
| 2-3 | Reporting period, frequency and contact point | p . 73 | ||||
| 2-4 | Restatements of information | p . 74 | ||||
| 2-5 | External assurance | p. 73 , 245 –247 | ||||
| 2-6 | Activities, value chain and other business relationships | p. 12–22 , 7 8–80 | ||||
| 2-7 | Employees | p . 78 | ||||
| 2-8 | Workers who are not employees | n/a | n/a | Report on own employees only | ||
| 2-9 | Governance structure and composition | p. 37 , 75 | ||||
| 2-10 | Nomination and selection of the highest governance body | p . 47 | ||||
| 2-11 | Chair of the highest governance body | p . 49 | ||||
| 2-12 | Role of the highest governance body in overseeing the management of impacts | p . 75 | ||||
| 2-13 | Delegation of responsibility for managing impacts | p . 75 | ||||
| 2-14 | Role of the highest governance body in sustainability reporting | p . 75 | ||||
| 2-15 | Conflicts of interest | p. 4 1–42 | ||||
| 2-16 | Communication of critical concerns | p. 53–65 , 139 | ||||
| 2-17 | Collective knowledge of the highest governance body | p. 38 , 7 5–76 | ||||
| 2-18 | Evaluation of the performance of the highest governance body | p . 39 | ||||
| 2-19 | Remuneration policies | p . 42 | ||||
| 2-20 | Process to determine remuneration | p. 4 3–45 | ||||
| 2-21 | Annual total compensation ratio | p. 4 5–46 | ||||
| 2-22 | Statement on sustainable development strategy | p . 88 | ||||
| 2-23 | Policy commitments | p. 104 , 122 , 138 , 148 , 151 | ||||
| 2-24 | Embedding policy commitments | p. 148 , 150 , 155 , 156 | ||||
| 2-25 | Processes to remediate negative impacts | p. 104–107 , 122–123 , 138–141 , 148 –151 | ||||
| 2-26 | Mechanisms for seeking advice and raising concerns | p. 149 , 155 | ||||
| 2-27 | Compliance with laws and regulations | p. 155 –156 | ||||
| 2-28 | Membership associations | Entra is a member of EPRA, GRESB, Green Building Council, Norsk Eiendom | ||||
| 2-29 | Approach to stakeholder engagement | p. 8 1–82 | ||||
| 2-30 | Collective bargaining agreements | n/a | n/a | Not material in Entra's CSRD-reporting | ||
| Material topics | ||||||
| GRI 3: Material Topics 2021 | ||||||
| 3-1 | Process to determine material topics | p. 8 9–90 | ||||
| GRI 201: Economic Performance 2016 | ||||||
| 201-1 | Direct economic value generated and distributed | p. 6 , 177 | ||||
| 201-2 | Financial implications and other risks and opportunities due to climate change | p. 64 , 83–84 , 99 –103 | ||||
| 201-3 | Defined benefit plan obligations and other retirement plans | p. 201 | ||||
| Emissions | ||||||
| GRI 3: Material Topics 2021 | ||||||
| 3-3 | Management of material topics | p. 104 –107 | ||||
| GRI 305: Emissions 2016 | ||||||
| 305-1 | Direct (Scope 1) GHG emissions | p. 109 –110 | ||||
| 305-1 c | n/a | Entra does not have any biogenic CO 2 emissons | ||||
| 305-2 | Energy indirect (Scope 2) GHG emissions | p. 109 –110 | ||||
| 305-3 | Other indirect (Scope 3) GHG emissions | p. 109 –110 | ||||
| 305-3 c | n/a | Entra does not have any biogenic CO 2 emissons | ||||
| 305-5 | Reduction of GHG emissions | p. 109 | ||||
| Energy | ||||||
| GRI 3: Material Topics 2021 | ||||||
| 3-3 | Management of material topics | p. 104 –107 | ||||
| GRI 302: Energy 2016 | ||||||
| 302-1 | Energy consumption within the organisation | p. 119 | ||||
| 302-3 | Energy intensity | p. 119 | ||||
| 302-4 | Reduction of energy consumption | p. 119 | ||||
| Materials | ||||||
| GRI 3: Material Topics 2021 | ||||||
| 3-3 | Management of material topics | p. 122 –123 | ||||
| GRI 301: Materials 2016 | ||||||
| 301-1 | Materials used by weight or volume | p. 124 –125 | ||||
| 301-2 | Recycled input materials used | p. 124 –125 | ||||
| 301-3 | Reclaimed products and their packaging materials | p. 124 –125 | ||||
| Waste | ||||||
| GRI 3: Material Topics 2021 | ||||||
| 3-3 | Management of material topics | p. 122 –123 | ||||
| GRI 306: Waste 2020 | ||||||
| 306-2 | Management of significant waste-related impacts | p. 122 –123 | ||||
| 306-3 | Waste generated | p. 125 –126 | ||||
| 306-4 | Waste diverted from disposal | p. 125 –126 | ||||
| 306-5 | Waste directed to disposal | p. 125 –126 | ||||
| Occupational health and safety | ||||||
| GRI 3: Material Topics 2021 | ||||||
| 3-3 | Management of material topics | p. 138 –141 | ||||
| GRI 403: Occupational Health and Safety 2018 | ||||||
| 403-1 | Occupational health and safety management system | p. 138 | ||||
| 403-2 | Hazard identification, risk assessment, and incident investigation | p. 55 , 65 , 137 , 139 | ||||
| 403-3 | Occupational health services | p. 140 | ||||
| 403-4 | Worker participation, consultation, and communication on occupational health and safety | p. 139 , 140 | ||||
| 403-5 | Worker training on occupational health and safety | p. 140 | ||||
| 403-6 | Promotion of worker health | p. 140 | ||||
| 403-7 | Prevention and mitigation of occupational health and safety impacts directly linked by business relationships | p. 138 –141 | ||||
| 403-8 | Workers covered by an occupational health and safety management system |
GRI standard/Other source Disclosure Omission Location Requirement(s) omitted Reason Explanation
Training and education
- GRI 3: Material Topics 2021: 3-3 Management of material topics - p. 138 –141
- GRI 404: Training and Education 2016:
- 404-1 Average hours of training per year per employee - p. 145
- 404-2 Programs for upgrading employee skills and transition assistance programs - p. 140
- 404-2 b n/a - Entra complies with established standards and employment legislation
- 404-3 Percentage of employees receiving regular performance and career development reviews - p. 145
Diversity and equal opportunity
- GRI 3: Material Topics 2021: 3-3 Management of material topics - p. 138 –141
- GRI 405: Diversity and Equal Opportunity 2016:
- 405-1 Diversity of governance bodies and employees - p. 145 , 173
- 405-2 Ratio of basic salary and remuneration of women to men - p. 173
Child labour
- GRI 3: Material Topics 2021: 3-3 Management of material topics - p. 148 –151
- GRI 408: Child Labor 2016:
- 408-1 Operations and suppliers at significant risk for incidents of child labor - p. 147
Forced or compulsory labor
- GRI 3: Material Topics 2021: 3-3 Management of material topics - p. 148 –151
- GRI 409: Forced or Compulsory Labor 2016:
- 409-1 Operations and suppliers at significant risk for incidents of forced or compulsory labor - p. 147
Human rights assessment
- GRI 3: Material Topics 2021: 3-3 Management of material topics - p. 148 –151
- GRI 412: Human rights assessment 2016:
- 412-1 Operations that have been subject to human rights reviews or impact assessments - p. 149
- 412-2 Employee training on human rights policies or procedures - p. 148
- 412-3 Significant investment agreements and contracts that include human rights clauses or that underwent human tights screening - p. 149 –150
Anti-corruption
- GRI 3: Material Topics 2021: 3-3 Management of material topics - p. 155 –156
- GRI 205: Anti-corruption 2016:
- 205-1 Operations assessed for risks related to corruption - p. 156
- 205-2 Communication and training about anti-corruption policies and procedures - p. 155
- 205-3 Confirmed incidents of corruption and actions taken - p. 156
Sustainability | Appendices
Equality and diversity statement
Entra aims to foster an inclusive work environment characterised by diversity and equality and strive to be a workplace where everyone feels safe, valued, and recognised. Entra’s efforts particularly focus on gender balance, representation across different generations, increased diversity, and enhanced competence.
Employee demographics
The Board of Entra consists of four men and four women, of whom the Chair is a man. At the end of 2024, the Executive Management team of Entra consisted of three women and four men, of whom the CEO is a woman. At the end of 2024, Entra employed 112 men and 71 women, of which two were temporary employees, one woman and one man. Of the five employees working part-time, three are men and two are women. All have voluntarily decided to work parttime as part of Entra’s policy for seniors and early retirement or are employed part-time because of medical reasons. The average age of employees in Entra is 46 years, and the median is 45 years, in a range from 25 to 68. Average parental leave in 2024 was approximately nineteen weeks for men and fourteen weeks for women. It is important to note that the average number of weeks for parental leave during a calendar year also include parental leave started in 2023, which does affect the calculations. All employees in Entra are entitled to full parental leave in accordance with Norwegian law and union agreements.
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender distribution among employees (women/men) | 71/112 | 75/125 | 75/133 |
| Employee level 1 gender distribution (women/men) | 3/4 | 3/4 | 2/5 |
| Employee level 2 gender distribution (women/men) | 21/34 | 23/35 | 25/32 |
| Employee level 3 gender distribution (women/men) | 47/74 | 49/86 | 48/96 |
| Employee average age | 46.2 | 45.5 | 44.8 |
| Employee level 1 average age | 50.6 | 50.4 | 52.1 |
| Employee level 2 average age | 47.1 | 47.5 | 45.6 |
| Employee level 3 average age | 45.5 | 44.4 | 44.2 |
| Women’s earning in relation to men’s (all employees at Entra) | 104% | 109% | 108% |
| Women’s salary in relation to men’s at employee level 1 | 95% | 94% | 111% |
| Women’s salary in relation to men’s at employee level 2 | 94% | 97% | 96% |
| Women’s salary in relation to men’s at employee level 3 | 110% | 115% | 112% |
| Women’s bonus in relation to men’s (all employees) | 123% | 109% | 111% |
| Women’s bonus in relation to men’s at employee level 1 | 149% | 91% | 150% |
| Women’s bonus in relation to men’s at employee level 2 | 96% | 96% | 95% |
| Women’s bonus in relation to men’s at employee level 3 | 107% | 106% | 107% |
| Median pay in relations to highest salary (median/highest salary) in NOK thousand | 981/4 196 | 934/4 000 | 881/3 802 |
| Sick leave% (women/men) | 2.5% / 1.9% | 2.7% / 2.5% | 3.3% / 2.7% |
| Absence for sick children, number of days (women/men) | 27/50 | 53/80 | 69/76 |
| Average weeks of parental leave taken (women/men) | 19/14 | 18/11 | 25/15 |
| Number of employees working part-time (women/men) | 2/3 | 2/4 | 1/4 |
| Number of employees involuntarily working part-time (woman/men) | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
| Number of employees in temporarily positions (woman/men) | 1/1 | 1/3 | 2/4 |
- Employee level 1 = top management
- Employee level 2 = managerial positions
- Employee level 3 = other employees
Sustainability | Appendices
Equality and diversity
Different expertise and experience contribute positively to Entra’s development and to a broader and better basis for decision making. Equal opportunities and diversity are an integral part of Entra’s standards. Entra believes in the benefits of diversity, and this is incorporated into the company’s recruitment procedures and is reflected in the composition of the Executive Management. Entra strives for diversity on a broad basis, including but not limited to, gender, age, background, identity, education, competence, sexual orientation, impairments, religious views, and nationality. Diversity thus is an important part of Entra’s social responsibility program, and the measures adopted to attract necessary competence. In general, social responsibility is also an important reputation factor when it comes to attracting a new generation of competent employees. Entra has worked actively with diversity for many years and has had a particular focus on:
- Achieving a more balanced distribution of age composition in property management, which historically has been overrepresented with men of high age.
- Increasing the proportion of women in our defined group of talents and key personnel.
- In general, increasing the diversity of employees and facilitating an inclusive workplace that enables the company to establish and retain a more diverse organisation
The work with diversity and gender equality in Entra is structured through:
- HR reporting: Annual reporting from HR to the Executive Management and the Board, including the status for achievement of HR targets and plans and targets for the year to come.
- Practice and policy: All practices that address diversity are anchored with the Executive Management and the Board. Entra’s ethical guidelines cover diversity, discrimination and harassment, including procedures for whistleblowing both internally and through an external law firm. Entra’s work for diversity is also given weight through procurement of products and services. Requirements for diversity are set for providers of external legal services and facility management services. The company has structured and professional procedures that ensure follow-up of employees through the various phases of employment as well as safeguarding against all kinds of discrimination.
Potential risks of discrimination
The main risk of discrimination in Entra is viewed to be unconscious discrimination. This is a risk that can never be eliminated, but which will be assessed and acted upon if it occurs. When starting new initiatives, Entra will also train managers on how to succeed with inclusion. Entra works on a continuous basis to ensure equal treatment of its employees and to further enhance diversity through its recruitment strategy.
Recruitment as a tool for diversity and inclusion
Entra has professional recruitment processes that ensure transparency and equal opportunities. During a recruitment process, Entra aims to be open-minded, and all job advertisements invite everyone with the right competence to apply for a position. When recruiting for senior or key positions in Entra, the aim is that both men and women are represented in the final interview round. This applies for both internal and external recruitment and, if needed, targeted recruitment processes are used to fulfil this goal. Entra strives to attract younger employees within property management to secure continuity and enable the transfer of experience.
Evaluation of the work with diversity
Entra’s efforts to increase the proportion of female employees and young employees have yielded results. Entra has an organisation characterised by equality. Diversity is an important part of Entra’s social responsibility work, and several measures have been implemented to contribute to increased equality and diversity, including:
- an anchored diversity policy available for all employees in the employee handbook
- a leadership program focusing on relation competence
- data on inclusion and diversity is always reported to the working environment committee (AMU)
Entra actively seeks to increase the share of women within property management year-on- year.# Entra Annual Report 2024
Sustainability | Appendices
Part of the Board of Director's report
The challenge has historically been that there has been less interest from women in jobs that have required expertise within technical building operations and management. It will be difficult to achieve a 50 per cent share of women in property management as this area comprises almost one third of Entra’s employees and as the pool of applicants for new positions still has a majority of men. Entra’s ambition is to have a relatively equal share of women and men in the rest of the company, and in areas involving professionally qualified staff and future managers. The overall goal is to have representation of women and men between 40 and 60 per cent. To achieve the targets, management has defined measures on how to hire and develop employees. Such measures include, amongst others, a policy to include both men and women in the final interview round for key positions, programs to develop talent and leadership skills as well as coaching that seeks to encourage and promote female talent. Entra also has an overall target to increase diversity in the organisation and to be perceived as an inclusive workplace. The most impactful and important is to secure an inclusive workplace where people want to stay for a long time, and to fulfil this measure Entra constantly use data to follow the development in various part of the organisation, and enables training on skills that increase inclusion, feeling of belonging and strong relationships.
Sustainability | Appendices
Part of the Board of Director's report
Legal disclaimer
This report contains forward-looking statements that reflect our current views on future events, which are, by their nature, subject to significant risks and uncertainties because they relate to events and depend on circumstances that may or may not occur in the future. Many factors, including those beyond our control, can cause actual profits and developments to deviate substantially from what has been expressed or implied in these statements.
Signatures from the Board and the CEO
In the opinion of the Board of Directors, the consolidated financial statements provide a true and fair view of Entra’s financial performance for 2024 and its financial position as of 31 December 2024. In accordance with paragraph 3–3a of the Norwegian Accounting Act, we confirm that both the consolidated financial statements and the parent company’s financial statements have been prepared on the basis of the going concern assumption, and that this assumption is appropriate.
Oslo, 13 March 2025
The Board of Entra ASA
This document is signed electronically
- Ottar Ertzeid Chair of the Board
- Hege Toft Karlsen Vice Chair
- Ewa Wassberg Board member
- Joacim Sjöberg Board member
- Widar Salbuvik Board member
- Camilla AC Tepfers Board member
- Nina Eriksen Board member
- Glenn Thomas Gustavsen Board member
- Sonja Horn CEO
Sustainability | Signatures from the Board and the CEO
Part of the Board of Director's report
Financial statements
- Consolidated financial statements 178
- Parent company financial statements 223
- Statement from the Board and the CEO 239
- Auditor’s report 240
- Sustainability assurance report 245
- Alternative performance measures 248
Financials
Consolidated financial statements
Entra ASA
Statement of comprehensive income
| NOK million | Note | 2024 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Continuing operations | |||
| Rental income | 3, 4 | 3 099 | 3 077 |
| Operating costs | 5, 9 | -264 | -255 |
| Net operating income | 2 834 | 2 822 | |
| Other revenues | 6 | 630 | 90 |
| Other costs | 7 | -584 | -66 |
| Administrative costs | 8, 9 | -199 | -181 |
| Share of profit from associates and JVs | 29 | -42 | -72 |
| Net realised financials | 10 | -1 518 | -1 616 |
| Net income | 1 121 | 977 | |
| Changes in value of investment properties | 14 | -1 820 | -7 848 |
| Changes in value of financial instruments | 22 | 165 | -4 |
| Profit before tax | -534 | -6 875 | |
| Tax payable | 11 | -13 | -13 |
| Change in deferred tax | 11 | 164 | 1 300 |
| Profit for the year from continuing operations | -383 | -5 588 | |
| Discontinued operations | |||
| Profit for the year from discontinued operations | 28 | 458 | 5 |
| Profit for the year | 75 | -5 582 |
| Note | 2024 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Actuarial gains and losses not to be reclassified | 19 | 13 |
| Change in deferred tax on comprehensive income | 11 | -3 |
| Total comprehensive income for the year | 85 | |
| Profit attributable to: | ||
| Equity holders of the Company | 13 | |
| Non-controlling interest | 61 | |
| Total comprehensive income attributable to: | ||
| Equity holders of the Company | 24 | -5 455 |
| Non-controlling interest | 61 | -133 |
| Earnings per share attributable to equity holders of the Company | Note | 2024 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Earnings per share continuing and discontinued operations – Basic=Diluted (NOK) | 12 | 0.13 | -29.95 |
| Earnings per share continuing operations – Basic=Diluted (NOK) | 12 | -2.38 | -29.98 |
Notes 1 through to 32 form an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
Balance sheet
| ASSETS | Note | 31.12.2024 | 31.12.2023 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Non-current assets | |||
| Investment properties | 14 | 60 471 | 68 470 |
| Investments in associates and JVs | 29 | 867 | 859 |
| Financial derivatives | 22 | 843 | 705 |
| Other non-current assets | 15 | 652 | 611 |
| Total non-current assets | 62 834 | 70 644 | |
| Current assets | |||
| Inventory properties | 16 | 495 | 481 |
| Trade receivables | 17 | 70 | 88 |
| Other current assets | 18 | 788 | 932 |
| Cash and bank deposits | 25 | 264 | 171 |
| Total current assets | 1 617 | 1 672 | |
| Investment properties held for sale | 14 | - | 1 020 |
| Total assets | 64 451 | 73 336 |
| Equity and liabilities | Note | 31.12.2024 | 31.12.2023 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Equity | |||
| Shareholders’ equity | 13, 26 | 23 802 | 23 779 |
| Non-controlling interests | 27 | 1 755 | 1 775 |
| Total equity | 25 557 | 25 555 | |
| Liabilities | |||
| Borrowings | 23, 24 | 23 446 | 38 156 |
| Deferred tax liability | 11 | 6 071 | 6 896 |
| Financial derivatives | 22 | 259 | 283 |
| Other non-current liabilities | 20 | 546 | 636 |
| Total non-current liabilities | 30 321 | 45 971 | |
| Borrowings | 23, 24 | 7 949 | 958 |
| Trade payables | 188 | 392 | |
| Other current liabilities | 21 | 435 | 460 |
| Total current liabilities | 8 572 | 1 811 | |
| Total liabilities | 38 894 | 47 782 | |
| Total equity and liabilities | 64 451 | 73 336 |
Notes 1 through to 32 form an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
Oslo, 13 March 2025
The Board of Entra ASA
- Ottar Ertzeid Chair of the Board
- Ewa Wassberg Board member
- Widar Salbuvik Board member
- Nina Eriksen Board member
- Sonja Horn CEO
This document is signed electronically
- Hege Toft Karlsen Vice Chair
- Joacim Sjöberg Board member
- Camilla AC Tepfers Board member
- Glenn Thomas Gustavsen Board member
Statement of changes in equity
| NOK million | Share capital | Treasury shares | Other paid-in capital | Retained earnings | Non- controlling interest | Total equity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Equity 31.12.2022 | 182 | - | 3 524 | 25 987 | 1 978 | 31 671 |
| Profit for period | -5 449 | -133 | -5 582 | |||
| Other comprehensive income | -6 | -6 | ||||
| Dividend | -455 | -70 | -526 | |||
| Net equity effect of employee share schemes | -3 | -3 | ||||
| Equity 31.12.2023 | 182 | - | 3 524 | 20 074 | 1 775 | 25 555 |
| Profit for period | 13 | 61 | 75 | |||
| Other comprehensive income | 10 | 10 | ||||
| Dividend | -81 | -81 | ||||
| Net equity effect of employee share schemes | -1 | -1 | ||||
| Equity 31.12.2024 | 182 | - | 3 524 | 20 096 | 1 755 | 25 557 |
Notes 1 through to 32 form an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
Statement of cash flows
| NOK million | Note | 2024 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Operating activities | |||
| Profit for the year | 75 | -5 582 | |
| Adjustments for non-cash items: | |||
| Depreciation | 679 | 653 | |
| Changes in value of investment properties | 14 | 1 820 | 7 848 |
| Changes in value of financial instruments | 22 | -165 | 4 |
| Share of profit/loss from associates and JVs | 29 | 42 | 72 |
| Net realised financial income/costs | 10 | 1 518 | 1 616 |
| Change in deferred tax | 11 | -164 | -1 300 |
| Tax paid | 11 | -299 | -225 |
| Increase/(decrease) in provisions | -17 | 4 | |
| Other non-cash items | -1 | 5 | |
| Cash flow from operating activities before working capital changes | 3 685 | 2 095 | |
| Change in working capital: | |||
| Increase/(decrease) in receivables | 17 | 125 | |
| Increase/(decrease) in inventories | -14 | -70 | |
| Increase/(decrease) in payables | -420 | 109 | |
| Net cash flow from operating activities | 3 268 | 2 259 | |
| Investing activities | |||
| Acquisition of investment properties | 14 | -1 490 | -7 847 |
| Acquisition of inventory properties | 16 | -16 | -3 |
| Proceeds from sale of investment properties | 14 | 8 254 | 7 281 |
| Proceeds from sale of inventory properties | 16 | 4 | 4 |
| Investments in associates and JVs | 29 | -8 | -46 |
| Net cash flow from investing activities | 6 744 | -608 | |
| Financing activities | |||
| Repayment of borrowings | 23, 24 | -15 485 | -8 185 |
| Proceeds from new borrowings | 23, 24 | 5 285 | 7 736 |
| Dividends paid | 13 | -81 | -526 |
| Repurchase of shares | - | - | |
| Dividend to non-controlling interests | - | - | |
| Net cash flow from financing activities | -10 281 | -975 | |
| Net change in cash and cash equivalents | -169 | 676 | |
| Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year | 171 | 97 | |
| Exchange rate adjustments | - | 1 | |
| Cash and cash equivalents at end of year | 264 | 171 |
Notes 1 through to 32 form an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
Notes
General information
Note 01 Organisation
[Content for Note 01 goes here]
Note 02 Accounting principles
[Content for Note 02 goes here]
Performance
Note 03 Segment information
[Content for Note 03 goes here]
Note 04 Rental income
[Content for Note 04 goes here]
Note 05 Operating costs
[Content for Note 05 goes here]
Note 06 Other revenues
[Content for Note 06 goes here]
Note 07 Other costs
[Content for Note 07 goes here]
Note 08 Administrative costs
[Content for Note 08 goes here]
Note 09 Personnel costs
[Content for Note 09 goes here]
Note 10 Net realised financials
[Content for Note 10 goes here]
Note 11 Income tax
[Content for Note 11 goes here]
Note 12 Earnings per share
[Content for Note 12 goes here]
Note 13 Dividends
[Content for Note 13 goes here]
Operating assets and liabilities
Note 14 Investment properties
[Content for Note 14 goes here]
Note 15 Other non-current assets
[Content for Note 15 goes here]
Note 16 Inventory properties
[Content for Note 16 goes here]
Note 17 Trade receivables
[Content for Note 17 goes here]
Note 18 Other current assets
[Content for Note 18 goes here]
Note 19 Pensions
[Content for Note 19 goes here]
Note 20 Other non-current liabilities
[Content for Note 20 goes here]
Note 21 Other current liabilities
[Content for Note 21 goes here]
Financial assets, liabilities and risk management
Note 22 Financial instruments
[Content for Note 22 goes here]
Note 23 Financial risk management
[Content for Note 23 goes here]
Note 24 Interest-bearing liabilities
[Content for Note 24 goes here]
Note 25 Cash and bank deposits
[Content for Note 25 goes here]
Note 26 Share capital and shareholder information
[Content for Note 26 goes here]
Group composition and consolidation
Note 27 Consolidation and subsidiaries
[Content for Note 27 goes here]
Note 28 Discontinued operations
[Content for Note 28 goes here]
Note 29 Associates and jointly controlled entities
[Content for Note 29 goes here]
Other information
Note 30 Related parties
[Content for Note 30 goes here]
Note 31 Auditor’s fee
[Content for Note 31 goes here]
Note 32 Subsequent events
[Content for Note 32 goes here]# Entra Annual Report 2024
Financials | Consolidated financial statements
Statement of cash flows
| NOK million | 2024 | 2023 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Profit before tax from continuing operations | -534 | -6 875 | |
| Profit before tax from discontinued operations | 478 | 7 | |
| Income tax paid | -11 | -14 | |
| Net expensed interest and fees on loans and leases | Note 10 | 1 521 | 1 620 |
| Net interest and fees paid on loans and leases | -1 468 | -1 540 | |
| Share of profit from associates and jointly controlled entities | Note 29 | 29 | 42 |
| Depreciation and amortisation | Note 4 | 72 | 4 |
| Changes in value of investment properties | Note 14 | 1 497 | 8 148 |
| Changes in value of financial instruments | Note 22 | -165 | 4 |
| Changes in working capital | -9 | -48 | |
| Net cash flows from operating activities | 1 353 | 1 378 | |
| Proceeds from property transactions | Note 7 | 7 738 | 2 372 |
| Investment in and upgrading of investment properties | Note 14 | -1 402 | -1 765 |
| Investment in contract assets and inventory properties | Note 16, 18 | -147 | -7 |
| Acquisition of other non-current assets | Note 15 | -2 | -4 |
| Net payment financial assets | Note 4 | 486 | 10 |
| Net payment of loans to associates and JVs | Note 29 | -46 | -28 |
| Investments in associates and JVs | Note 29 | - | -19 |
| Dividends from associates and JVs | Note 29 | - | 3 |
| Net cash flows from investment activities | 6 626 | 562 | |
| NOK million | 2024 | 2023 | |
| Proceeds interest-bearing debt | Note 24 | 13 150 | 13 269 |
| Repayment interest-bearing debt | Note 24 | -20 948 | -14 733 |
| Repayment of lease liabilities | Note 20 | -7 | -5 |
| Dividends paid | Note 13 | - | -455 |
| Dividends paid to non-controlling interests | -80 | -70 | |
| Net cash flows from financing activities | -7 885 | -1 995 | |
| Change in cash and cash equivalents | 93 | -54 | |
| Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 171 | 226 | |
| Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | 264 | 171 |
Notes 1 through to 32 form an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
Financials | Consolidated financial statements
Notes
General information
Note 01 Organisation
Entra ASA ('the Company') is listed on Oslo Stock Exchange with the ticker ENTRA. The Company and its subsidiaries (together 'Entra' or 'the Group') is one of Norway’s leading commercial real estate companies, focusing on large, high-quality, flexible and environment-friendly office properties in clusters around central public transportation hubs in the largest cities in Norway . The Group owns and manages 81 (99) properties with a total area of approximately 1.3 million (1.6 million) square metres. As of 31.12.24 the real estate portfolio had a market value of around 61 billion (70 billion). The public sector represents 52 per cent (57 per cent) of the total customer portfolio. Entra has its head office in Oslo. The consolidated financial statements were adopted by the Company’s Board on 13 March 2025.
Note 02 Accounting principles
Accounting principles
The most important accounting principles applied in the preparation of the annual financial statements are described below and incorporated in the relevant notes. These principles are applied in the same way for all periods presented, unless otherwise indicated in the description.
Basic principles
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and interpretations by the IFRS Interpretation Committee (IFRIC), as adopted by the EU, as well as additional Norwegian reporting requirements pursuant to the Norwegian Accounting Act. The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the basis of the historical cost principle, with the following modifications: investment properties and certain financial instruments have been measured at fair value. Financial instruments measured at fair value include the Group’s derivatives. Presenting the accounts in accordance with IFRS requires the management to make certain judgements and assumptions. The application of the Group’s accounting principles also requires management to exercise judgement. Estimates and subjective judgements are based on past experience and other factors that are considered to be appropriate. Actual results may deviate from these estimates. Estimates and underlying assumptions are continuously reassessed. Changes in accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the changes occur if they apply only to that period. If the changes also apply to future periods, the impact is distributed over the current and future periods. Details on material items in the financial statements that are based on a significant amount of subjective judgement are described in respective notes. The consolidated financial statements have been presented on the assumption of the Group being a going concern.
Currency
The Group’s presentation currency is NOK. This is also the functional currency of the parent company and all its subsidiaries. Foreign currency transactions are translated to NOK at the exchange rate on the date of the transaction. Monetary foreign currency items are translated to NOK at the exchange rate on the balance sheet date. Non-monetary items that are measured at cost in a foreign currency are translated to NOK using the exchange rate on the transaction date. Non-monetary items that are measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated to NOK using the exchange rate on the balance sheet date. Exchange rate fluctuations are recognised in profit or loss as they arise.
Statement of cash flows
The statement of cash flows is prepared using the indirect method. This means that the statement is based on the Group’s profit before tax in order to present cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities respectively. Interest on leases and net interest and fees paid on loans are presented as operating cash flows. Dividends paid to shareholders and non-controlling interests are presented under financing activities.
Application of new and revised IFRS Accounting Standards
New and amended standards adopted by the Group
None of the new accounting standards or interpretations that came into effect in 2024 had a significant impact on the Group’s consolidated financial statements. As such, the accounting policies adopted and methods of computation followed are consistent with those of the previous financial year.
New standards and interpretations not yet adopted by the Group
None of the new accounting standards or interpretations that have not yet come into effect are expected to have a significant impact on the Group’s consolidated financial statements.
IFRS 18 Presentation and Disclosure in Financial Statements
IFRS 18 will replace IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements and applies for periods beginning on or after 1 January 2027. The new standard introduces the following new key requirements:
* All income and expenses shall be classified into five categories in the statement of profit and loss: operating, investing, financing, discontinued operations and income tax. Reporting entities are also required to present newly defined operating profit and profit before financing and income taxes subtotals.
* Management-defined performance measures (MPMs), currently included in the Alternative Performance Measures section of the Annual Report, shall be disclosed in a single note to the financial statements.
* Cash flow statements prepared using the indirect method shall have the new operating profit subtotal as the starting point.
The new standard will not change the Group’s profit or total comprehensive income. The Group is currently working to identify all impacts the amendments will have on the primary financial statements and notes to the financial statements. The Group does not intend to adopt the new standard before its effective date. There are no other IFRS standards that have not yet come into effect or IFRIC interpretations that are expected to have a significant impact on the Group’s consolidated financial statements.
Significant accounting policies
Accounting policies according to the list below are included in the relevant notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements:
- Accounting policies - Note
- Segment information - Note 3
- Rental income - Note 4
- Operating costs - Note 5
- Other revenues - Note 6
- Share-based payments - Note 9
- Share discounts - Note 9
- Income tax - Note 11
- Dividend - Note 13
- Investment properties - Note 14
- Other assets - Note 15 and 18
- Inventory properties - Note 16
- Trade receivables - Note 17
- Pensions - Note 19
- Leases – the Group as a lessee - Note 20
- Provisions - Note 21
- Financial instruments - Note 22
- Interest-bearing liabilities - Note 24
- Cash and bank deposits - Note 25
- Consolidation - Note 27
- Discontinued operations - Note 28
- Joint arrangements and associates - Note 29
Key sources of estimation uncertainty and critical judgements
The preparation of the Group’s consolidated financial statements requires management to make a number of judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. The estimates and underlying assumptions are based on historical experience and various other factors that are considered to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates.# Financials | Consolidated financial statements
Note 03 Segment information
Accounting policies
Operating segments are reported in the same way as in internal reports to the Group’s highest decision-making authority. The Group’s highest decision-making authority, which is responsible for allocating resources and assessing the profitability of the operating segments, has been identified as the Board of Directors and the CEO. The Group has one main operational unit, led by the COO. The property portfolio is divided into five different geographic areas: Oslo, Sandvika, Drammen, Stavanger and Bergen, with management teams monitoring and following up on each area. The geographic units are supported by a Market and Property Development department and a Project Development department. In addition, Entra has group and support functions within accounting, finance, investment, legal, procurement, ICT, communication and HR. The geographic areas do not have their own profit responsibility. The geographical areas are instead monitored on economical and non-economical key figures ('key performance indicators'). These key figures are analysed and reported by geographic area to the chief operating decision maker, which is the board and CEO, for the purpose of resource allocation and assessment of segment performance. Hence, the Group report the segment information based upon these five geographic areas. All management properties in Trondheim were divested in May 2024, and the geographical segment Trondheim is consequently not included in the overview as of 31 December 2024.
| No. of properties | Area (sqm) | Occupancy (%) | Wault (yrs) | Share of public sector tenants (%) | Market value (NOKm) | 12 month rolling rent (NOK/sqm) | Net yield (%) | Market rent (NOKm) | Market rent (NOK/sqm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 31.12.2024 | |||||||||
| Oslo | 47 789 798 | 94.0 | 6.2 | 47 | 44 807 | 56 732 | 2 293 | 2 904 | 4.80 |
| Bergen | 8 123 485 | 95.2 | 4.7 | 56 | 5 531 | 44 791 | 309 | 2 500 | 5.18 |
| Sandvika | 10 132 091 | 93.1 | 6.3 | 40 | 4 404 | 33 337 | 272 | 2 057 | 5.85 |
| Drammen | 6 60 933 | 96.3 | 7.7 | 95 | 2 090 | 34 297 | 131 | 2 152 | 5.86 |
| Stavanger | 2 54 215 | 99.5 | 5.9 | 98 | 1 467 | 27 061 | 96 | 1 775 | 6.01 |
| Total management portfolio | 73 1 160 522 | 94.3 | 6.1 | 51 | 58 299 | 50 235 | 3 101 | 2 672 | 4.99 |
| Project portfolio | 4 71 536 | 11.8 | 70 | 2 211 | 30 908 | ||||
| Zoned development sites | 4 98 187 | 0.5 | 559 | 5 698 | |||||
| Property portfolio | 81 1 330 245 | 6.3 | 52 | 61 070 | 45 908 | ||||
| Contract assets | -522 | ||||||||
| Prepayments and other accruals | -77 | ||||||||
| Total investment properties | 60 471 | ||||||||
| Of which investment properties held for sale | - | ||||||||
| Investment properties | 60 471 |
The calculation of net yield is based on the appraisers’ assumption of ownership costs, which at 31.12.24 corresponds to 5.5 per cent of market rent.
| No. of properties | Area (sqm) | Occupancy (%) | Wault (yrs) | Share of public sector tenants (%) | Market value (NOKm) | 12 month rolling rent (NOK/sqm) | Net yield (%) | Market rent (NOKm) | Market rent (NOK/sqm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 31.12.2023 | |||||||||
| Oslo | 50 800 055 | 94.7 | 6.5 | 50 | 45 661 | 57 073 | 2 303 | 2 878 | 4.73 |
| Bergen | 10 143 646 | 96.9 | 4.4 | 66 | 6 334 | 44 096 | 337 | 2 343 | 4.90 |
| Trondheim | 13 187 474 | 94.8 | 4.9 | 77 | 6 603 | 35 220 | 407 | 2 170 | 5.74 |
| Sandvika | 9 129 255 | 96.4 | 5.8 | 45 | 4 251 | 32 885 | 260 | 2 010 | 5.79 |
| Drammen | 6 60 934 | 97.5 | 8.4 | 93 | 2 120 | 34 790 | 131 | 2 142 | 5.75 |
| Stavanger | 2 54 215 | 99.5 | 7.0 | 98 | 1 466 | 27 043 | 98 | 1 815 | 6.16 |
| Total management portfolio | 90 1 375 579 | 95.3 | 6.1 | 57 | 66 435 | 48 296 | 3 535 | 2 570 | 4.98 |
| Project portfolio | 5 79 883 | 11.0 | 24 | 2 446 | 30 625 | ||||
| Zoned development sites | 4 103 187 | 0.5 | 639 | 6 194 | |||||
| Property portfolio | 99 1 558 649 | 6.3 | 56 | 69 520 | 44 603 | ||||
| Prepayments and other accruals | -31 | ||||||||
| Total investment properties | 69 490 | ||||||||
| Of which investment properties held for sale | 1 020 | ||||||||
| Investment properties | 68 470 |
Note 04 Rental income
Accounting policies
The Group enters into lease agreements as a lessor with respect to its investment properties. Lease contracts where a significant proportion of the risks and benefits of ownership remain with Entra are classified as operating leases. Revenue recognition under a lease commences at the commencement of the lease. Lease payments are recognised on a straight-line basis over the duration of the lease. In negotiating a new or renewed operating lease, Entra may provide incentives for the lessee to enter into the agreement. Examples of such incentives are rent exemptions or the reimbursement or assumption by the lessor of costs of the lessee (such as relocation costs, leasehold improvement and costs associated with a pre-existing lease commitment of the lessee). Entra recognises the aggregate benefit of incentives as a reduction of rental income over the lease on a straight-line basis. The accrued loss of rent or costs is presented under other assets. Payments relating to the termination of contracts are recognised in the period from the contract being entered into until the date of its termination. Rental income encompasses the fair value of the payments received for services that fall within the ordinary activities of the company. The Group mainly enters into lease contracts with fixed rent for the lease of property. Lease payments for the majority 98 per cent of the contracts include 100 per cent CPI adjustments.
| NOK million | 2024 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Fixed rental income | 3 052 | 3 034 |
| Turnover-based rental income | 46 | 43 |
| Total rental income | 3 099 | 3 077 |
The Group’s 20 largest tenants accounts for approximately 49 per cent of the Group’s total rental income. The Group does not have any tenants contributing to more than 10 per cent of the Group’s rental income. Due to the high proportion of public sector and other high-quality tenants, and the relatively long average remaining contract term, the risk to the Group’s cash flows is considered low.
THE GROUP’S FUTURE ACCUMULATED RENT FROM NON-TERMINABLE OPERATIONAL LEASE CONTRACTS AT 31.12.
| NOK million | 2024 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| ≤ 1 year | 3 223 | 3 612 |
| 1 year < 2 years | 2 917 | 3 293 |
| 2 year < 3 years | 2 569 | 2 913 |
| 3 year < 4 years | 2 346 | 2 577 |
| 4 year < 5 years | 2 121 | 2 362 |
| ≥ 5 years | 7 759 | 9 200 |
| Total | 20 935 | 23 957 |
THE GROUP’S LEASE CONTRACTS AT 31.12 HAVE THE FOLLOWING MATURITY STRUCTURE MEASURED IN ANNUAL RENT
| Remaining term | No. of contracts | Contract rent (NOKm) | Contract rent, % | No. of contracts | Contract rent (NOKm) | Contract rent, % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||
| ≤ 1 year | 297 | 306 | 9 | 298 | 319 | 9 |
| 1 year < 5 years | 263 | 1 121 | 35 | 348 | 1 618 | 45 |
| 5 years < 10 years | 91 | 1 283 | 40 | 115 | 1 253 | 35 |
| ≥ 10 years | 25 | 513 | 16 | 28 | 422 | 12 |
| Total | 676 | 3 223 | 100 | 789 | 3 612 | 100 |
¹The contract rent is stated as the annualised contractual rent in signed lease agreements, and is therefore not reconcilable with the rental income for the year for accounting purposes nor the 12 month rolling rent. The table above shows the remaining non-terminable contractual rent for current leases without taking into account the impact of any options.
Note 05 Operating costs
Accounting policies
Costs for shared services provided to the tenants by external parties do not affect the result beyond costs for vacant premises and an administrative premium recognised as rental income. Shared costs are charged to tenants and presented net with payments on account from tenants. Shared costs are settled after the balance sheet date.
| NOK million | 2024 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Maintenance | 30 | 24 |
| Tax, leasehold and insurance | 70 | 64 |
| Letting and property administration | 95 | 94 |
| Direct property costs | 69 | 73 |
| Total operating costs | 264 | 255 |
Note 06 Other revenues
Accounting policies
Service income for additional services provided to tenants is recognised in the period the service is performed.# Financials | Consolidated financial statements
Revenues from development of commercial properties, including transactions that are structured as sale of shares, are recognised over time according to the stage of completion if the buyer does not have the right to cancel a contract, and the Group as a seller can require a buyer to pay the consideration agreed in the contract even if the buyer acts to terminate a contract. A project’s stage of completion is measured by reference to the contract costs incurred up to the end of the reporting period as percentage of total estimated costs. Contract assets related to non-invoiced revenue from such construction contracts are included in 'Other current assets'. The Group enters into operating lease agreements as a lessor with respect to its inventory properties, and the rental income from such leases is presented under 'Other revenues'. Revenue from development of inventory properties for sale is recognised when the properties are handed over to the customer as the Group does not have an enforceable right to collect payment for the benefits performed to date. In determining the basis for revenue recognition from contracts with customers, the Group identifies the distinct performance obligations under the contracts, allocate the transaction price to each identified performance obligation and account for revenue as each performance obligation is met.
Critical judgements in applying accounting policies
Revenues from development project
The Group has entered into agreements to sell all sections of the development project Holtermanns veg 1–13 phase 3 upon project completion. The development project has no alternative use for Entra, as the buyers have a contractual right to acquire the sections upon project completion, and the buyers do not have the right to terminate the purchase agreements. The sections are owned and being developed by single asset entities with no other assets or liabilities than the sections and related deferred tax. Accordingly, the substance of the transactions is that the Group is developing and selling the assets, i.e., the sections of the property. Revenues from the development of the project are in accordance with IFRS 15 recognised over time based on the stage of completion.
Entra Annual Report 2024
| 2024 | 2023 | |
|---|---|---|
| NOK million | ||
| Additional services provided to tenants | 82 | 59 |
| Rental income from inventory properties | 24 | 29 |
| Construction contract revenues | 523 | - |
| Other revenues | 2 | 1 |
| Total other revenues | 630 | 90 |
CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTS
As part of the agreement to sell all of Entra’s management properties in Trondheim (refer to Note 28for further information), E C Dahls Eiendom will also acquire the sections in the development project Holtermanns veg 1-13 phase 3 that are not rented by the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation (NRK). In 2023, Entra and NRK agreed that NRK will acquire 49 per cent of the sections rented by NRK. NRK has, in 2024, exercised an option to purchase the remaining 51 per cent of the sections rented by NRK. The transactions will be closed upon project completion, expected in 2025. As a result of the sales agreements, all sections were reclassified from investment properties to contract assets in 2024 and accounted for in accordance with IFRS 15. Revenues from the contracts and related costs are recognised over time according to the stage of completion. Until the completion of the projects and the delivery of the sections to the buyers, the Group will recognise the remaining revenues and costs based on the stage of completion of the projects.
Note 07 Other costs
| 2024 | 2023 | |
|---|---|---|
| NOK million | ||
| Costs related to additional services provided to tenants | 62 | 45 |
| Costs related to inventory properties | 8 | 17 |
| Construction contract costs (Note 6) | 505 | - |
| Other costs | 10 | 4 |
| Total other costs | 584 | 66 |
Note 08 Administrative costs
| 2024 | 2023 | |
|---|---|---|
| NOK million | ||
| Payroll and personnel expenses | 136 | 119 |
| Office expenses, furnishings and equipment | 34 | 39 |
| Consultancy fees | 22 | 18 |
| Other administrative costs | 6 | 7 |
| Total administrative costs | 199 | 181 |
Note 09 Personnel costs
Accounting policies
Share-based payments
Entra has a share-based incentive bonus program for Senior Executives (the 'LTI scheme') consisiting of an equity-settled component and a cash-settled component. The Senior Executives receive restricted shares with a market value of an amount corresponding to a percentage of their base salary (the equity-settled component), less an amount equal to the Senior Executives’ tax effect of the total LTI award, which is paid in cash (the cash-settled component). The outcome under the LTI scheme is measured annually. The restricted shares are transferred to the Senior Executives in the year following the grant date, and 1/3 of the share allotment is restricted for three years after the transfer of the shares, another 1/3 is restricted for four years and the remaining 1/3 is restricted for five years. The fair value of the equity-settled component is measured applying Black-Scholes (BS) based on the share price at grant date. The three tranches of the equity-settled component are fully vested at the end of the respective restriction periods. The cash-settled component is fully vested on settlement in the year following the grant date. The equity-settled component and the cash-settled component are recognised as payroll expenses over the period from grant date until fully vested.
Share discounts
Sales of shares to employees in Entra’s share saving scheme are reported in accordance with IFRS 2. The recognised discount is calculated as the difference between market price and purchase price at the time of purchase, taking into account the agreed lock-in period for the shares. The effect of the agreed lock-in period is calculated as the value of a put option using the BS model. The assumptions relating to volatility are based on the actual fluctutions in the price of Entra’s shares. There is no vesting period on the shares or the right to acquire shares. The share of the discount that represents the difference between the calculated BS value and the market value of the shares is recognised against equity and the remaining discount, which represents the difference between the paid amount for the shares by the employees and the BS value, is recognised as payroll expenses at the time of allocation.
| 2024 | 2023 | |
|---|---|---|
| NOK million except employee numbers | ||
| Salaries, performance-related pay and other taxable benefits¹ | 232 | 238 |
| Employers’ National Insurance contributions | 39 | 44 |
| Pension expenses | 15 | 15 |
| Other personnel costs | 15 | 9 |
| Total personnel costs | 301 | 306 |
| Of which capitalised on projects under development | -56 | -67 |
| Of which shared costs distributed amongst tenants | -63 | -72 |
| Total payroll and personnel costs | 182 | 168 |
| Of which classified as part of administrative costs | 136 | 119 |
| Of which classified as part of Letting and property administration under Operating expenses | 47 | 49 |
| Number of full-time equivalents | 181 | 198 |
| Number of employees at 31.12. | 183 | 200 |
¹Salaries, performance-related pay and other taxable benefits includes a 16 million (13 million) provision for performance-related pay for all employees in 2024, which has not yet been paid out.
Remuneration of Senior Executives and the Board
The total remuneration of the CEO and other Senior Executives consists of a fixed package of salary and benefits supplemented by cash-based (STI – Short-Term Incentive) and share-based (LTI – Long-Term Incentive) variable remuneration plans, share purchase scheme (on the same terms as all other employees), pension and insurance arrangements. No loans were given by Entra to Senior Executives as of 31 December 2024 or 31 December 2023. The Board and Board committee members received no other compensation than what is set out in the table.
| 2024 | 2023 | |
|---|---|---|
| NOK thousand | ||
| Salaries | 21 415 | 19 261 |
| Cash-based variable remuneration¹ | 5 119 | 3 530 |
| Share-based variable remuneration² | 2 243 | 2 189 |
| Pension costs | 1 238 | 985 |
| Other benefits³ | 1 220 | 1 255 |
| Total remuneration of Senior Executives | 31 236 | 27 219 |
| Fees to the Board | 3 242 | 2 799 |
| Total remuneration of Senior Executives and the Board | 34 477 | 30 018 |
¹ Includes the provision based on targets met in the applicable year, which will be paid out in the following year.
² The equity-settled component of the LTI scheme has a graded vesting period, while the cash-settled component of the LTI scheme is fully vested on settlement. Refer to the accounting policies section of this note for further information. No shares were awarded under the LTI schemes for 2023 and 2024. As such, the share-based remuneration presented as earned in 2023 and 2024 reflects share-based remuneration earned in previous years.
³ Other benefits include benefits in kind such as a car allowance, telephone and insurance coverage.# Note 10 Net realised financials
| NOK million | 2024 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Interest income | 34 | 34 |
| Other finance income | 1 | 1 |
| Interest expenses on borrowings | -1 437 | -1 580 |
| Capitalised borrowing costs | 31 | 60 |
| Interest expenses on lease liabilities (Note20) | -7 | -8 |
| Commitment fees | -43 | -24 |
| Amortisation of discounts on bond issuances | -66 | -64 |
| Other finance expenses | -30 | -34 |
| Net realised financials | -1 518 | -1 616 |
Average interest on capitalised borrowing costs 4.17% 4.03%
Note 11 Income tax
Accounting policies
The tax expense consists of tax payable and deferred tax. Tax is charged to the income statement, except where it relates to items that are recognised in OCI or directly in equity. In such cases, the tax is either recognised in OCI or directly in equity. Deferred tax is calculated using the liability method for all temporary differences between the tax values and consolidated accounting values of assets and liabilities. Deferred tax liabilities are not calculated and recognised upon initial recognition of assets or liabilities obtained through an acquisition of a subsidiary not classified as a business combination. No reduction in deferred tax liability is recognised on subsequent negative value changes below cost for investment properties acquired in transactions accounted for as asset acquisitions on initial recognition, if the changes are within the unrecognised deferred tax liabilities. Deferred tax liabilities are calculated and recognised on positive value changes above the lowest recognised value. Deferred tax is defined using tax rates and laws which are enacted on the balance sheet date, and which are expected to be used when the deferred tax asset is realised or when the deferred tax is utilised. A deferred tax asset is recognised to the extent that it is likely that future taxable profit will be available against which the temporary differences can be offset. Deferred tax is calculated and provided or reduced in the event of adjustments to the value of investment properties at a nominal tax rate of 22 per cent, reflecting the tax rate that would be applied on a direct sale of a property. Should a sale of a property be structured as a disposal of the subsidiary holding the asset, a different tax rate may apply. Currently, sales of companies are tax exempt in Norway. Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for taxable temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries and associates, and interests in jointly controlled entities, except where the Group is able to control the reversal of the temporary differences and it is probable that the temporary difference will not be reversed in the foreseeable future.
Income tax expense
| NOK million | 2024 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Tax payable | 13 | 13 |
| Change in deferred tax on profit and loss | -164 | -1 300 |
| Change in deferred tax on comprehensive income | 3 | -2 |
| Income tax expense | -149 | -1 289 |
Income tax payable is calculated as follows
| NOK million | 2024 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Profit before tax | -534 | -6 875 |
| Share of profit/loss at associates and jointly controlled entities | 42 | 72 |
| Other permanent differences | -633 | -561 |
| Net effect of aquired losses carried forward in asset acquisitions | - | - |
| Effect of negative revaluation below cost on asset acquisitions1 | 451 | 1 515 |
| Changes in temporary differences | 413 | 5 723 |
| Changes in loss carry-forwards | 320 | 187 |
| Profit for tax purposes | 58 | 61 |
| Tax payable on the balance sheet | 13 | 13 |
| Tax payable on the balance sheet | 13 | 13 |
¹No reduction in deferred tax liability is recognised on subsequent negative value changes below cost for investment properties acquired in transactions accounted for as asset acquisitions on initial recognition, if the changes are within the unrecognised deferred tax liabilities.
The tax on the Group’s profit before tax differs from the theoretical amount that would arise using the weighted average tax rate applicable to profits of the consolidated entities as follows:
| 2024 | 2023 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| (NOKm) | % | (NOKm) | % |
| Profit for accounting purposes multiplied by nominal tax rate | -118 | 22.0 | -1 512 |
| Tax on share of profit/loss at associates and jointly controlled entities | 9 | -1.7 | 16 |
| Tax on permanent differences | 1 | -40 | 7.5 |
| Tax effect of re-measurement of recoverability of acquired tax losses | - | - | - |
| Tax expense for accounting purposes | -148 | 27.8 | -1 287 |
¹The permanent differences includes 99 million (333 million) related to the negative revaluation below cost on asset acquisitions.
Deferred income tax
The Group has offset deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities on the balance sheet as the Group has a legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities, and the deferred tax assets and the deferred tax liabilities relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority. The following net value was recognised:
| NOK million | 2024 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Deferred tax liability | 6 348 | 7 173 |
| Deferred tax assets | -277 | -277 |
| Net deferred tax liabilities | 6 071 | 6 896 |
The Group has not recognised a cumulative deferred tax liability in the amount of 1 360 million (1 544 million) relating to acquisitions of subsidiaries, which were accounted for as acquisitions of assets of groups of assets.
| Change in deferred tax (+)/deferred tax assets (-) | Non- current assets | Financial instruments | Current assets | Gains/ losses account | Provisions | Losses carried forward¹ | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 31.12.2022 | 8 425 | 83 | 52 | 13 | -64 | -293 | 8 216 |
| Recognised in profit and loss from continuing operations | -1 235 | -2 | -1 | -5 | -16 | -41 | -1 300 |
| Recognised in profit and loss from discontinued operations | 2 | - | - | - | - | - | 2 |
| Recognised in comprehensive income | - | - | - | - | -2 | - | -2 |
| Derecognition of tax positions in subsidiaries sold | -20 | - | - | - | - | - | -20 |
| 31.12.2023 | 7 172 | 81 | 51 | 8 | -82 | -334 | 6 896 |
| Recognised in profit and loss from continuing operations | -155 | 36 | 4 | -1 | 23 | -70 | -164 |
| Recognised in profit and loss from discontinued operations | 21 | - | - | - | - | - | 21 |
| Recognised in comprehensive income | - | - | - | - | 3 | - | 3 |
| Derecognition of tax positions in subsidiaries sold | -660 | - | - | - | -24 | - | -685 |
| 31.12.2024 | 6 377 | 117 | 55 | 6 | -80 | -405 | 6 071 |
¹At year-end 2024, the losses carried forward for the Group’s wholly owned subsidiaries was 322 million (218 million).
Note 12 Earnings per share
Basic earnings per share is calcuated by dividing the net profit attributable to shareholders by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year. Entra has not issued options or other financial instruments which have a dilutive effect on outstanding shares.
| 2024 | 2023 | |
|---|---|---|
| Total comprehensive income for the year attributable to equity holders of Entra (NOKm) | ||
| Continuing operations | -434 | -5 460 |
| Discontinued operations (Note28) | 458 | 5 |
| Total comprehensive income attributable to equity holders of Entra for basic earnings (NOKm) | 24 | -5 455 |
| Average number of outstanding shares | 182 130 060 | 182 127 710 |
| Basic earnings per share from continuing and discontinued operations (NOK) | 0.13 | -29.95 |
| Basic earnings per share from continuing operations (NOK) | -2.38 | -29.98 |
Note 13 Dividends
Accounting policies
Entra has a policy of semi-annual dividends. Dividend payments to the company’s shareholders for the first half year are classified as debt from the date on which a resolution regarding the dividend is passed by the Board of Directors. Dividend payments to the company’s shareholders for the second half year are classified as debt from the date on which a resolution regarding the dividend is passed by the Annual General Meeting. Entra targets distribution of approximately 60 per cent of the Group’s Cash Earnings in dividends. Refer to the alternative performance measures section of the annual report for calculation of Cash Earnings. The Board’s focus is currently to strengthen the company’s balance sheet. To support this, the Board will propose to the Annual General Meeting that no dividend will be paid for 2024. Entra’s dividend policy remains unchanged.
Note 14 Investment properties
Accounting policies
Investment properties include completed investment properties and investment properties under development. Investment properties are held with the aim of achieving a long-term return from rental income or increase in value, or both. Investment properties are recognised at fair value in the balance sheet. Initial measurement takes into consideration the property’s cost price, which includes direct transaction costs such as document duty and other public duties, legal fees and due diligence costs. Subsequent expenditure is added to the investment property’s carrying amount if it is probable that future financial benefits associated with the expenditure will flow to the Group and the expense can be measured reliably. Other maintenance costs are recorded through the income statement in the period in which they are incurred. Investment properties are valued at each reporting date. The values are estimated by two independent appraisers, and the carrying amount of the investment properties are based on the average of the appraisers’ valuations. The valuations are based on each individual property’s assumed future cash flows, and property values are arrived at by discounting cash flows with an individual risk-adjusted required rate of return. Changes in fair value, including gains and losses on sale of investment properties, are recognised as “Changes in value of investment properties”.# Investment properties held for sale
Investment properties are classified as held for sale if their carrying amount will be recovered through a sales transaction rather than through their continuing use. This condition is regarded as met if the sale is highly probable. The sale should be expected to qualify for recognition as a completed sale within one year from the date of classification. Investment properties classified as held for sale are recognised at fair value in the balance sheet.
Borrowing costs
Borrowing costs for capital used to finance investments in and upgrading of investment properties under development are capitalised on the asset in question. When calculating the capitalised borrowing costs, the average interest rate on the company’s debt portfolio is used, unless there is separate financing for the specific project. In such cases the specific borrowing cost for the applicable loan is used. When calculating the average interest rate to be used for the capitalisation of borrowing costs, loans drawn for specific projects are not included.
Key sources of estimation uncertainty
Fair value of investment properties
Entra’s investment properties are recognised at fair value in the balance sheet based on valuations by two independent, external appraisers. The valuations of the Group’s properties are inherently subjective, as they are based upon the appraisers’ assumptions and estimations that form part of the key unobservable inputs of the valuation. The key unobservable inputs, including market rents, required rates of return, exit yields, inflation, operating costs and CapEx, may prove to be inaccurate.
Critical judgements in applying accounting policies
Classes of investment properties
Entra has, based on the nature, characteristics, and risks of the Group’s investment properties, determined that the Group’s geographical segment Oslo should be presented as two separate classes of investment properties for the disclosure of quantitative information regarding the significant unobservable inputs used in the external appraisers’ fair value measurement. Entra’s other geographical segments, in addition to project properties and zoned development sites, constitute the other appropriate classes of investment properties.
Presentation of acquisitions
Acquisitions of companies where substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired is concentrated in a single property or group of similar properties, are treated as asset acquisitions. An individual judgement is made for each transaction. Refer to the accounting policies section of Note 27for further information.
Entra Annual Report 2024
Entra Annual Report 2024
195
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Financials
Financials | Consolidated financial statements
Financials | Consolidated financial statements
| NOK million | 2024 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Total investment properties at 31.12 previous period | 69 490 | 78 634 |
| Investment in the property portefolio | 1 284 | 1 767 |
| Capitalised borrowing costs | 31 | 60 |
| Divestment of investment properties | -8 068 | -2 823 |
| Reclassified to contract assets | -371 | - |
| Change in value of investment properties | -1 894 | -8 148 |
| Total investment properties at 31.12 | 60 471 | 69 490 |
| Of which investment properties held for sale | - | 1 020 |
| Investment properties | 60 471 | 68 470 |
Divestment of investment properties in 2024 is related to the divestment of the Trondheim portfolio, Marken 37 in Bergen, and Grenseveien 78B, Hotel Savoy and Cort Adelers gate 30 in Oslo. In 2024, NRK exercised an option to purchase 100 per cent of the sections rented by NRK in Holtermanns veg 1-13 phase 3, upon project completion in 2025. Furthermore, as part of the agreement to sell all management properties in Trondheim to E C Dahls Eiendom (refer to Note 28for further information), it was agreed that E C Dahls Eiendom will acquire the sections not rented by NRK upon project completion. As a result of the sales agreements, all sections were reclassified from investment properties to contract assets in 2024 (refer to Note 6for further information).
Valuation techniques and assumptions
The valuations as of 31 December 2024 were obtained from Newsec and Cushman & Wakefield Realkapital, and the market value of the property portfolio presented in Note 3is calculated as the average of the appraisers’ valuations. The fair value of the investment properties in Entra’s balance sheet is based on the average of the appraisers’ valuations, with adjustments for balance sheet items of 599 million (30 million), including contract assets of 522 million, and prepayments from the tenants and other accruals of 77 million. The valuation method is included in Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy defined by IFRS 13. Refer to Note 22for further information on the fair value hierarchy.
The valuations are performed on a property-by-property basis, assuming that the properties are sold individually. The valuations are performed using the discounted cash flow method, which involves discounting future cash flows over a specified period using an estimated required rate of return and then adding a residual value calculated by using an estimated exit yield and estimated market rents. Future cash flows are calculated on the basis of cash flows from signed leases, estimated cash flows based on an expected market rent at the end of the lease terms, inflation, operating costs, CapEx and development potential.
The project portfolio and development sites are valued based on the same principles, with deduction for remaining investments and perceived risks as of valuation date, including, but not limited to, construction and letting risks. For unzoned development potential, the appraisers further make assumptions on the zoning risk. The appraisers perform their valuations on the basis of comprehensive information received from Entra’s management on the properties, existing and any new lease contracts and details of any vacant premises, and up-to-date and comprehensive information about all ongoing and planned projects. The appraisers also normally conduct site visits of all properties every year. Any uncertainties relating to the properties, projects and leases are also clarified by Entra when required. Any information that is provided to one of the appriasers is simultaneously provided to the other appraiser.
The appraisers estimate future market rents, required rates of return, exit yields, inflation and other relevant parameters. The remaining term of the leases is assessed for risk, along with any special clauses in the lease contracts. Upon receiving the initial valuations, Entra’s management each quarter perform thorough controls of the valuations to ensure that both appraisers have included all relevant information in the valuations, to have profound knowledge on the factors estimated by the appraisers and to fully understand changes in value of investment properties from the previous period end. Any significant discrepancies between the values of the individual properties estimated by the appraisers, are reviewed in detail to ensure that both appraisers have used the same information and that the discrepancy between the valuations is due to different view on the risk of the properties. In addition, Entra’s management compare the valuations to known market transactions with similar properties in the same geographical area if available. Entra’s management further report to the Audit Committee on a quarterly basis, the factors driving changes in value of investment properties from the previous period end.
Market transactions serve as important reference points for the appraisers, and the slow-down in the property transaction market the last years has increased the level of uncertainty in the valuations. The transaction market activity has however picked up in 2024, and there has been agreed and completed several transactions of relevance for Entra’s portfolio, including the properties sold by Entra during the year, which supports the quarterly valuations performed by the independent appraisers.
The inputs to the valuations are defined as 'unobservable' by IFRS 13. The key unobservable input variables are market rents, required rates of return, exit yields, inflation, operating costs and CapEx for investment properties in the management portfolio. The minimum, maximum and weighted average of these key unobservable input variables, except inflation, for the management portfolio are presented in the table on the following page. The average inflation Entra Annual Report 2024
Entra Annual Report 2024
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196
Financials
Financials | Consolidated financial statements
Financials | Consolidated financial statements is presented below the table. Further analysis and sensitivity disclosures on these key unobservable inputs have been included on the following pages.
The required rate of return, i.e., the discount rate applied on the net cash flows for the duration of existing lease terms, is based on a long-term risk-free interest rate plus a property- and tenant-specific risk premium, reflecting the property’s location, technical standard, occupancy rate, tenants’ financial reliability and remaining lease term. The exit yield, i.e., the discount rate applied on the expected net cash flows after the existing lease terms, is based on a long-term risk-free interest rate plus a property-specific risk premium, reflecting the property’s location, technical standard, ownership of property (freehold or leasehold) and development potential, with no tenant specific adjustments. The market rent is the annual rent the appraisers, based on the property’s location, technical standard and leases signed for comparable properties in the same area, estimate that a property may be leased out for on market terms, excluding supplements such as VAT compensation. Expected future market rents takes into account expected inflation and other macro-economic factors.The expected operating costs for a property are based on the actual operating, insurance and maintenance costs for a property, adjusted for inflation and other projections, with estimates being made for anticipated vacancy levels and the associated expenses. The expected CapEx for properties in the management portfolio is the level of investments that the appraisers assume is required to obtain the expected market rents, including the need for alterations and upgrades. The CapEx for the project portfolio is based on Entra’s estimates and perceived risks as of valuation date. The CapEx for zoned and unzoned development potential is the appraisers’ assumptions on the development costs of the properties. Inflation is estimated using the consensus of a selection of banks and official statistics. Inflation affects both rental income, operating costs and CapEx. Ranges and weighted average for key unobservable input variables in the Level 3 valuations from the external appraisers are presented for the classes where Entra has five or more properties, including investment properties held for sale. As such, key unobservable input variables are not presented for management properties in Stavanger (market value of 1 467 million), the project portfolio (market value of 2 211 million) and zoned development sites (market value of 559 million), with two, four and four properties, respectively. The ranges for the key unobservable input variables are for several of the classes wide but are for the majority of the market value of the properties within a class, clustered around the weighted average.
As of 31.12.2024
| Oslo | Bergen | Sandvika | Drammen | Total mngmt. portf.¹ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. properties | 30 | 17 | 8 | 10 | 73 |
| Market value (NOKm) | 33 871 | 10 936 | 5 531 | 4 404 | 2 090 |
| Required rate of return | |||||
| Min | 3.96% | 3.86% | 4.89% | 5.03% | 5.26% |
| Max | 6.60% | 6.37% | 5.76% | 6.15% | 6.45% |
| Wgt. average | 4.68% | 5.07% | 5.13% | 5.45% | 5.51% |
| Exit yield | |||||
| Min | 4.67% | 5.06% | 5.07% | 5.35% | 5.67% |
| Max | 6.83% | 6.57% | 5.96% | 6.40% | 6.70% |
| Wgt. average | 4.94% | 5.35% | 5.33% | 5.77% | 5.91% |
| Market rent (NOK/sqm) | |||||
| Min | 1 765 | 1 347 | 2 336 | 499 | 753 |
| Max | 5 248 | 4 445 | 3 538 | 3 807 | 2 680 |
| Wgt. average | 3 735 | 2 661 | 2 924 | 2 099 | 2 129 |
| Operating costs (NOK/sqm) | |||||
| Min | 113 | 94 | 165 | 35 | 66 |
| Max | 502 | 756 | 207 | 242 | 227 |
| Wgt. average | 191 | 146 | 179 | 107 | 141 |
| NPV CapEx(NOK/sqm) | |||||
| Min | 64 | 1 069 | 2 052 | 58 | 2 558 |
| Max | 29 917 | 12 080 | 19 554 | 9 087 | 5 475 |
| Wgt. average | 4 989 | 5 805 | 7 226 | 2 890 | 3 600 |
¹Including data for Entra's management properties in Stavanger
The appraisers have for the valuation as of 31.12.24 in average assumed inflation of 2.4 per cent with effect for 2025, 3.2 per cent for 2026 and 2.5 per cent for 2027. Refer to Note 3for a reconciliation of the market value of the classes to the carrying value of investment properties.
Entra Annual Report 2024 197
Financials | Consolidated financial statements
Climate-related assessments in valuation
Climate-related risks associated with the Group’s investment properties is related to physical risks and transition risks such as market risks, regulatory risks and reputation risks. Further details on the risks are outlined on page 64in the Risk management section of this report. The information provided to the appraisers on a quarterly basis also includes sustainability and energy related information on the properties such as the properties’ energy consumption, energy performance certificates, main source of heating, BREEAM classification and planned investments in energy saving measures, with an estimate of the associated savings. The estimated effect of this information is reflected in the appraisers’ CapEx estimates, expected future market rents and the discount rates, to the extent possible transaction market participants would, and is reflected in the valuations as of the balance sheet date. The actual future development of the input variables may however deviate from the estimates, due to factors such as development in regulations, changes in the requirements of tenants and technological development.
The consulting company Norconsult has provided a third-party assessment of the physical climate-related risks facing a majority of Entra’s properties. Norconsult’s experts within hydrology, geotechnics, engineering geology, hydrogeology, meteorology, risk management and building physics used a scenario-based approach in analysing physical risks, including temperature related risks, wind related risks, mass related risks and water related risks. The assessments indicated that Entra’s property portfolio had high resilience to these risks. Further details on the assessment are included on pages 99–102in this report.
Properties representing approximately 52 per cent of the market value of Entra’s properties are BREEAM certified. Environment-friendly office properties are in high demand in the letting market and are also the most attractive objects in the transaction market for commercial real estate. The appraisers monitor the transaction market closely, and current transaction market trends support the assessment that the potential short-term adverse effect on the market values of Entra’s property portfolio due to climate-related risks is limited. This can however change over time as the cash flows for the investment properties to a greater extent may be affected by climate-related risks in the medium to long term.
Sensitivity analysis
The following table illustrates the effects on the market value of the management portfolio (actual 31.12.24: 58 299 million) and Effective leverage (actual 31.12.24: 49.3 per cent), due to changes in a single unobservable input variable as of 31.12.24.
| Variable | Change in assumption | Value change (NOK million) | Effective leverage (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Required rate of return | + 0.25% | -3 079 | 51.8% |
| - 0.25% | 3 404 | 46.8% | |
| Exit yield | + 0.25% | -1 679 | 50.6% |
| - 0.25% | 1 850 | 47.9% | |
| Market rent (NOK/sqm) | + 5.00% | 2 634 | 47.4% |
| - 5.00% | -2 634 | 51.4% | |
| Operating costs (NOK/sqm) | + NOK 25 per sqm | -545 | 49.7% |
| - NOK 25 per sqm | 545 | 48.9% | |
| NPV CapEx (NOK/sqm) | + NOK 100 per sqm | -114 | 49.4% |
| - NOK 100 per sqm | 114 | 49.2% | |
| Inflation in 2025 | + 1.00% | 580 | 48.9% |
| - 1.00% | -580 | 49.8% |
There are interrelationships between these variables, and it is expected that a change in one variable may influence the other variable. The table below illustrates to what extent the value of the management property portfolio as of 31.12.24 is affected by market rents and required rate of return, assuming that all other factors are equal.
| % Δ Required rate of return | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Value change (NOK billion)¹ | -0.75% | -0.50% | -0.25% | - 0.25% | 0.50% | 0.75% | ||
| % Δ Market rent | ||||||||
| -10.0% | 4.9 | 1.2 | -2.2 | -5.3 | -8.0 | -10.5 | -12.8 | |
| -5.0% | 8.2 | 4.2 | 0.6 | -2.6 | -5.5 | -8.2 | -10.6 | |
| 11.4 | 7.2 | 3.4 | - | -3.1 | -5.9 | -8.4 | ||
| 5.0% | 14.6 | 10.2 | 6.2 | 2.6 | -0.6 | -3.5 | -6.2 | |
| 10.0% | 17.8 | 13.2 | 9.0 | 5.3 | 1.9 | -1.2 | -4.0 |
¹Estimates by Newsec in conjunction with valuations as of 31 December 2024.
Entra Annual Report 2024 198
Financials | Consolidated financial statements
Properties subject to purchase options
Pursuant to the lease agreements entered into between Entra and the Norwegian Ministry of Culture on 15 October 2003, 22 April 2005 and 30 June 2005, respectively, the tenant has an option to acquire the three buildings comprising the National Library in Henrik Ibsens gate 110/Observatoriegaten 1 in Oslo (the refurbished buildings 'Halvbroren' and 'Magasinet'). The tenant has the right to acquire the refurbished buildings at expiry of each 25-year lease period (expiring on 31 December 2029and 6 June 2030, respectively). The leases include an unlimited number of 25-year extension periods, at market rents. Further, the tenant has the right, upon six months’ notice, to acquire 'Halvbroren' if the tenant itself leases and uses more than 50 per cent of the building. As of 31 December 2024, the tenant leased and used more of the building than the threshold. The purchase price for all three buildings shall equal the market value of the buildings based on the capitalised future rental income based on the assumption that the lease agreements are continuously prolonged in accordance with the renewal clause in the lease agreements.
Pursuant to the ground lease agreement entered into between Entra and Oslo Havn KF on 4 October 1979 relating to the property Langkaia 1 in Oslo, the ground lessor has an option to acquire the buildings without any compensation and free of any encumbrances upon expiry of the ground lease agreement on 1 January 2031. The right-of-use asset is presented as part of investment properties on the balance sheet. As the right-of-use asset is valued based on the cash flow until expiry of the ground lease agreement (i.e., no residual value), there will be an ongoing decrease in the balance sheet value until expiry.
Pursuant to the lease agreement entered into between Entra and the University of Oslo ('UiO') on 16 June 2016, the tenant has an option to acquire the property Kristian Augusts gate 15–21 (building and land) in Oslo in 2034 and in 2044. The purchase price shall be based on a gross market yield at time of calling the option and valued at a remaining WAULT of fifteen years of the lease agreement. The gross yield has a cap at 5.25 per cent (gross yield < 5.25 per cent). The option to acquire must be called twelve months ahead of the two points in time at the latest. Refer to Note 24for information on pledged investment properties
Note 15 Other non-current assets
Accounting policies
Other receivables are classified as non-current assets if they are due more than twelve months after the balance sheet date. Equity investments are classified as financial assets at FVTPL, while other financial assets are classified as financial assets measured at amortised cost. Interest is ignored if it is insignificant.# Financials
Consolidated financial statements
Note 16 Inventory properties
Accounting policies
The Group’s inventory properties comprise residential projects under zoning, development and construction intended for sale in the ordinary course of business. Properties under zoning for residential purposes may be handed over to other residential developers. Where the Group constructs the residential projects, the individual units are handed over to the purchaser when they are completed. Inventory properties may comprise properties held for resale, properties under development and construction, and completed units which are not sold. Inventory properties are measured at the lower of cost and net realisable value.
Entra owns a development site at Bryn in Oslo. As part of the acquisition of the site, JM Norge AS agreed to acquire land expected to be zoned for residential development subject to detailed plan. The properties expected to be zoned for residential development are Østensjøveien 29 and Brynsveien 1, 2-4, 3, 6, 8 and 12. See Notes 6and 7for information on rental income from letting of the properties and the related property costs.
Note 17 Trade receivables
Accounting policies
Trade receivables are initially recognised at the agreed transaction price in the contract with the customer. Subsequently they are measured at amortised costs. Interest is ignored if it is insignificant. The Group applies the simplified approach in IFRS 9 to measure the loss allowance at lifetime expected credit losses. A provision for bad debt is determined by estimating expected credit losses with reference to past default experience of the debtor and an analysis of the debtor’s current financial position, adjusted for factors that are specific to the debtors, general economic conditions of the industry in which the debtors operate, and an assessment of both the current as well as the forecast direction of conditions at the reporting date. Any subsequent payments received against accounts for which a provision has previously been made are recognised in the income statement. Trade receivables are classified as current assets unless they are due more than twelve months after the balance sheet date. If so, they are classified as non-current assets.
| NOK million | |
|---|---|
| 2024 | |
| Trade receivables | 74 |
| Provision for bad debts | -4 |
| Net trade receivables | 70 |
| NOK million | |
|---|---|
| 2023 | |
| Trade receivables | 104 |
| Provision for bad debts | -16 |
| Net trade receivables | 88 |
There is limited concentration of credit risk with respect to trade debtors as the majority of Entra’s customers are paying rent in advance. The age analysis of these trade receivables is as follows:
| NOK million | |
|---|---|
| 2024 | |
| Up to 3 months | 5 |
| Over 3 months | 12 |
| Total overdue | 17 |
| NOK million | |
|---|---|
| 2023 | |
| Up to 3 months | 8 |
| Over 3 months | 52 |
| Total overdue | 59 |
Note 18 Other current assets
Accounting policies
Other receivables are classified as current assets unless they are due more than twelve months after the balance sheet date. Other current assets include accrued interest, including interest on the Group’s derivatives, accrued income, contract assets, prepaid expenses and current portion of external loans. Other current assets are classified as financial assets measured at amortised cost. Interest is ignored if it is insignificant.
| NOK million | |
|---|---|
| 2024 | |
| External loans | - |
| Contract assets | 522 |
| Accrued interest | 87 |
| Accrued income | 8 |
| Advance payments and accruals | 46 |
| Other current receivables and assets | 125 |
| Total other current assets | 788 |
| NOK million | |
|---|---|
| 2023 | |
| External loans | 483 |
| Contract assets | - |
| Accrued interest | 90 |
| Accrued income | 48 |
| Advance payments and accruals | 77 |
| Other current receivables and assets | 234 |
| Total other current assets | 932 |
The Group’s contract assets are related to the construction contracts for the development of Holtermanns veg 1–13 phase 3 for. Refer to Note 6for further information on the construction contracts. The net balance sheet position for the construction contract is as follows:
| NOK million | |
|---|---|
| 2024 | |
| Contract assets | 522 |
| Total | 522 |
| NOK million | |
|---|---|
| 2023 | |
| Contract assets | - |
| Total | - |
The contract assets relates to:
| NOK million | |
|---|---|
| 2024 | |
| Amounts due from reclassification from investment properties | 371 |
| Aggregate costs incurred | 151 |
| Total | 522 |
| NOK million | |
|---|---|
| 2023 | |
| Amounts due from reclassification from investment properties | - |
| Aggregate costs incurred | - |
| Total | - |
Note 19 Pensions
Accounting policies
The Group has both defined benefit and defined contribution pension schemes. A defined benefit pension scheme is a pension arrangement that defines the pension payment an employee will receive on retirement. The pension benefit payable is dependent on a number of factors, such as the employee’s age, number of years of membership in the Norwegian Public Service Pension Fund and salary level. The recognised pension obligation relating to defined benefit plans is the present value of the defined benefit on the balance sheet date less the fair value of the plan assets, calculated annually by an independent actuary. Changes to benefits payable under the pension plan are recognised in the income statement as they arise. Actuarial gains/losses resulting from new information or changes to actuarial assumptions are recognised to comprehensive income in the period they arise. Contributions to defined contributions plans are recognised in the income statement in the period in which they accrue.
The Group’s pension scheme for new employees is a defined contribution scheme. The defined contribution scheme includes 177 (192) employees in the Group. The defined benefit pension scheme for the Group covers a total of 6 (6) current employees, 2 (1) former employees and 76 (77) pensioners. The Group also has a contractual early-retirement scheme (AFP) from the age 62. At 31 December 2024, no former employees had chosen to make use of the AFP scheme, and no net pension liabilities associated with the AFP scheme were recognised. The Group’s pension scheme satisfies the requirements of the Norwegian Act on Compulsory Occupational Pensions. The cost for the accounting period shows the employees’ pension entitlement of the agreed future pension in the financial year.
The balance sheet liabilities have been calculated as follows:
| NOK million | |
|---|---|
| 2024 | |
| Present value of accrued pension liabilities in defined-benefit schemes in unit trusts | 213 |
| Fair value of pension scheme assets | -149 |
| Employers’ NICs accrued | 9 |
| Net pension liabilities on the balance sheet at 31.12 | 73 |
| NOK million | |
|---|---|
| 2023 | |
| Present value of accrued pension liabilities in defined-benefit schemes in unit trusts | 220 |
| Fair value of pension scheme assets | -141 |
| Employers’ NICs accrued | 11 |
| Net pension liabilities on the balance sheet at 31.12 | 91 |
Total cost recognised in the income statement:
| NOK million | |
|---|---|
| 2024 | |
| Cost of pension benefits accrued during current period | 1 |
| Contribution scheme | 15 |
| Total pension benefits accrued during the period | 15 |
| Net interest expense | 2 |
| Total pension benefits accrued in income statement | 18 |
| Actuarial losses (+)/gains (-) accrued in comprehensive income | -13 |
| Total pension benefits accrued | 4 |
| NOK million | |
|---|---|
| 2023 | |
| Cost of pension benefits accrued during current period | 1 |
| Contribution scheme | 16 |
| Total pension benefits accrued during the period | 17 |
| Net interest expense | 2 |
| Total pension benefits accrued in income statement | 19 |
| Actuarial losses (+)/gains (-) accrued in comprehensive income | 7 |
| Total pension benefits accrued | 26 |
The actuarial assumptions are based on generally accepted assumptions in the insurance industry with regard to demographic factors. The pension scheme assets are invested in government bonds.
Note 20 Other non-current liabilities
| NOK million | |
|---|---|
| 2024 | |
| Lease liabilities | 215 |
| Pension liabilities (Note19) | 73 |
| Prepayments from customers | 63 |
| Seller’s credit and withheld purchase price | 97 |
| Other non-current liabilities | 97 |
| Total non-current liabilities | 546 |
| NOK million | |
|---|---|
| 2023 | |
| Lease liabilities | 278 |
| Pension liabilities (Note19) | 91 |
| Prepayments from customers | 81 |
| Seller’s credit and withheld purchase price | 92 |
| Other non-current liabilities | 95 |
| Total non-current liabilities | 636 |
Lease liabilities – the group as a lessee
Accounting policies
The Group assesses whether a contract is or contains a lease, at inception of the contract. The Group recognises a right-of-use asset and a corresponding lease liability with respect to all lease contracts in which it is the lessee, except for leases with a lease term of 12 months or less, and leases of low value assets (such as vehicles and technical and office equipment), for which the Group applies the applicable recognition exemptions. For these leases, the Group recognises the lease payments as an operating expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Only fixed payments are included in the initial measurement of the lease liability, and the lease term corresponds to the non-terminable period. The discount rate used to calculate the lease liability is determined, for each asset, based on the Group’s incremental borrowing rate for leases with less than 15 years until maturity. For leases with more than 15 years until maturity, the discount rate is based on the properties’ net yields, adjusted for features that affect Entra’s incremental borrowing rate, such as tenant-specific factors and the length of the lease. The lease liability is presented as part of other liabilities in the balance sheet. For lease contracts where the leased properties meet the definition of investment properties in IAS 40, Entra applies the fair value model to the associated right-of-use assets. The right-of-use assets are measured by discounting the assumed future cash flows under the lease contracts. The discount rate used to calculate the right-of- use asset may be different from the discount rate used to calculate the lease liability. The right-of-use assets are presented as part of investment properties in the balance sheet.
The Group has entered into certain operating leases of ground, parking lots and buildings classified as investment properties, with remaining lease terms between 7 and 78 years. The Group applies the fair value model to right-of-use assets associated with the property lease contracts. Right-of-use assets included in investment properties at 31 December 2024 was 887 million (1 020 million).## Note 20 Leases
The majority of the lease payments for Langkaia 1 in Oslo, where the lease agreement expires on 1 January 2031, are based on the turnover of the property. Only the fixed parts of the lease payments are included in the lease liability. Variable, turnover-based lease payments for the property is included in Operating costs. Set out in the table below are the amounts recognised in profit or loss:
| NOK million | 2024 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Interest expense on lease liabilities | 7 | 8 |
| Expense relating to leases of low-value assets and short-term leases | 15 | 7 |
| Variable lease payments | 16 | 15 |
| Total amount recognised in profit or loss | 38 | 29 |
The Group had total cash outflows for leases of 45 million in 2024 (39 million). Refer to Note 23for maturity profile of the Group’s lease liabilities based on contractual undiscounted payments as at 31 December 2024. See Note 24for details on the movements in lease liabilities during the period.
Note 21 Other current liabilities
Accounting policies
Non-interest-bearing financial liabilities
Non-interest-bearing liabilities are classified as financial liabilities at amortised cost, and are measured at fair value upon initial recognition, and subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest rate method. Interest is ignored if it is insignificant.
Provisions
The Group recognises provisions for legal claims when a legal or self-imposed obligation exists as a result of past events, when it is likely that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and its amount can be estimated with a sufficient degree of reliability. In cases where there are several obligations of the same nature, the likelihood of settlement is determined by assessing the Group as a whole. A provision for the Group is recognised even if there is little likelihood of settlement of the Group’s individual elements. Provisions are measured at the present value of expected payments to settle an obligation. A discount rate before tax is used which reflects the present market situation. Any increase in an obligation as a result of a changed time value is reported as a financial expense.
A provision for onerous contracts is recognised when the expected benefits to be derived by Entra from a contract are lower than the unavoidable cost of meeting its obligations under the contract.
| NOK million | 2024 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Accrued interest | 254 | 275 |
| Tenant prepayments | 87 | 87 |
| Lease liabilities (Note20) | 5 | 3 |
| Holiday pay owed | 22 | 25 |
| Public taxes and duties | 23 | 35 |
| Income tax payable | 13 | 13 |
| Provisions for current liabilities | 19 | 14 |
| Other liabilities | 11 | 7 |
| Total other current liabilites | 435 | 460 |
Entra Annual Report 2024 | 203
Financials | Consolidated financial statements
Note 22 Financial instruments
Accounting policies
A financial instrument is defined as being any contract that gives rise to a financial asset for one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument for another entity. Financial instruments are recognised on the transaction date, i.e., the date on which the Group commits to buying or selling the asset.
The classification of financial assets at initial recognition depends on the financial asset’s contractual cash flow characteristics and the Group’s business model for managing them. Financial assets are classified, at initial recognition, as subsequently measured at amortised cost, fair value through OCI, or FVTPL. The majority of the Group’s financial assets are classified as measured at amortised cost as they are held for the purpose of recovering contractual cash flows and where these cash flows consist only of principal amounts and interest . Financial assets at amortised cost are subsequently measured using the effective interest (EIR) method and are subject to impairment. Gains and losses are recognised in profit or loss when the asset is recognised, modified or impaired. The Group’s financial assets at amortised cost includes trade and other current receivables, cash and cash equivalents and other financial assets.
Financial assets at FVTPL include financial assets held for trading, financial assets designated upon initial recognition at FVTPL, and financial assets mandatorily required to be measured at fair value. Financial assets are classified as held for trading if they are acquired for the purpose of selling or repurchasing in the near term. Derivatives, including separated embedded derivatives, are also classified as held at FVTPL unless they are designated as effective hedging instruments. Financial assets with cash flows that are not solely payments of principal and interest are classified and measured at FVTPL. The Group has elected not to present subsequent changes in the fair value of its equity investments in OCI, and investments in equity instruments are consequently measured at FVTPL. The Group recognises an allowance for expected credit losses on all debt instruments not held at FVTPL. The amount of expected credit losses is updated at each reporting date to reflect changes in credit risk since initial recognition of the respective financial instrument.
Financial liabilities are classified upon initial recognition as financial liabilities at FVTPL and financial liabilities at amortised cost. Financial liabilities at FVTPL comprise interest rate derivatives. Financial liabilities at amortised cost consist of liabilities that do not fall under the category at FVTPL.
Financial derivatives
The Group uses derivatives to manage its interest rate risk. Derivatives are initially recognised at fair value on the date on which the contract was signed, and subsequently at fair value. Gains or losses on remeasurement at fair value are recognised in the income statement. Regular payments are presented as interest and other finance expenses. Changes in the value of the derivatives are presented under “Changes in value of financial instruments”. The fair value of interest rate swaps is the estimated amount the Group would receive or pay to redeem the contracts on the balance sheet date. This amount will depend on interest rates and the contracts’ remaining term to maturity. The derivatives are classified on the balance sheet as current or non-current, depending on whether they are expected to be redeemed under or over 12 months from the balance sheet date.
Fair value hierarchy
The Group uses the following hierarchy to classify assets and liabilities, based on the valuation methods used to measure and disclose their fair value. There were no transfers between the levels in the fair value hierarchy during the year.
- Level 1: Quoted (unadjusted) prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.
- Level 2: Other techniques where all of the parameters that have a significant impact on measuring fair value are either directly or indirectly observable.
- Level 3: Valuation techniques that use parameters that significantly affect the valuation, but which are not observable (unobservable input variables).
Key sources of estimation uncertainty
Fair value of financial derivatives
The Group uses interest rate derivatives and fixed rate loans to manage the interest rate risk. The financial derivatives are in the Group’s balance sheet valued at fair value, measured using valuation methods where the significant parameters are obtained from quoted market data.
Entra Annual Report 2024 | 204
Financials | Consolidated financial statements
Categories and fair value of financial instruments at 31.12.24
NOK million | Amortised cost | FVTPL | Total | Fair value level
---|---|---|---|---
Financial assets | | | |
Financial investments shares | 292 | | 292 | Level 3
Other financial assets | 170 | | 170 | Level 3
Financial derivatives | | 843 | 843 | Level 2
Trade receivables | 70 | | 70 |
Other current receivables | 788 | | 788 |
Cash and cash equivalents | 264 | | 264 |
Total financial assets | 1 292 | 843 | 2 427 |
| NOK million | Amortised cost | FVTPL | Total | Fair value level |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Financial liabilities | ||||
| Interest-bearing liabilities | 23 446 | 23 446 | ||
| Lease liabilities | 220 | 220 | ||
| Financial derivatives | 259 | 259 | Level 2 | |
| Other non-current liabilities | 97 | 97 | ||
| Trade payables | 188 | 188 | ||
| Other current liabilities | 83 | 83 | ||
| Total financial liabilities | 24 034 | 259 | 24 293 |
Categories and fair value of financial instruments at 31.12.23
NOK million | Amortised cost | FVTPL | Total | Fair value level
---|---|---|---|---
Financial assets | | | |
Financial investments shares | 279 | | 279 | Level 3
Other financial assets | 182 | | 182 | Level 3
Financial derivatives | | 705 | 705 | Level 2
Trade receivables | 88 | | 88 |
Other current receivables | 932 | | 932 |
Cash and cash equivalents | 171 | | 171 |
Total financial assets | 1 373 | 984 | 2 357 |
| NOK million | Amortised cost | FVTPL | Total | Fair value level |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Financial liabilities | ||||
| Interest-bearing liabilities | 38 156 | 38 156 | ||
| Lease liabilities | 281 | 281 | ||
| Financial derivatives | 283 | 283 | Level 2 | |
| Other non-current liabilities | 92 | 92 | ||
| Trade payables | 392 | 392 | ||
| Other current liabilities | 81 | 81 | ||
| Total financial liabilities | 39 002 | 283 | 39 285 |
Refer to Note 24for further information on the fair value of interest-bearing liabilities. The fair value of other financial liabilities and financial assets measured at amortised cost at 31 December 2024 was approximately the same as carrying value. In addition to the financial instruments presented above, investment properties are measured at FVTPL based on a Level 3 valuation method. Refer to Note 14for further information.
Changes in value of financial instruments at FVTPL
NOK million | 2024 | 2023
---|---|---
Changes in value of financial derivatives | 162 | 34
Changes in value of shares | 3 | -38
Total changes in value of financial instruments | 165 | -4
Entra Annual Report 2024 | 205
Financials | Consolidated financial statements
Note 23 Financial risk management
Governance structure, exposure and reporting
The Board has defined limits for the financial exposure of the Group through the financial policy.# Financial Policy
The financial policy regulates the following:
* Allocation of responsibility for financial management
* Overall limits and principles for management of financial exposure
* Principles for borrowing
* Definitions of financial risk parameters and key controls that must be in place to ensure adequate risk management
* Requirements for reporting and monitoring, with requirements to report regularly to the Board on the Group’s overall financial risk exposure
There is a responsibility and authority matrix for the finance department, which defines authority for the day-to-day management of financial transactions within the overall framework of financial management. The Group must ensure that there is adequate operational risk management and internal control through clear areas of responsibility and allocation of duties. The procedures relate in particular to the management of financial exposure and the division of responsibility between the various roles in the Finance department and the department’s financial systems. There are guidelines for managing financial exposure, which include checklists related to the control of current transactions.
The finance department is continuously assessing the Group’s financial risks and opportunities. Projections and simulations are made in the corporate financial model based on key assumptions on macroeconomic development, financial parameters and the property market. The simulations are intended to provide information for the Board and management in their monitoring of key financial figures for the Group.
The Group’s finance strategy shall ensure that the Group has financial flexibility and that it achieves competitive financial terms. The Group is exposed to financial risk and has defined the following relevant risk areas:
* Liquidity risk
* Refinancing risk
* Capital management and solvency
* Interest rate risk
* Credit/counterparty risk
* Currency risk
Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Entra will lack sufficient cash and cash equivalents to be able to fulfil the Group’s payment obligations relating to operating costs, interest and maturities. According to the finance policy, the Group shall have a back-stop of short-term interest-bearing debt, i.e. unutilised credit facilities divided by short-term interest-bearing debt, of at least 100 per cent. The back-stop of short-term interest-bearing debt was 179 per cent as of 31 December 2024. The unutilised credit facilities and continuous management of the debt portfolio ensures that the Group has available liquidity to fulfil the Group’s payment obligations. As of 31 December 2024, Entra’s cash and cash equivalents and unutilised credit facilities totaled 14 409 million (6 644 million).
Refinancing risk
Refinancing risk is the risk that Entra may not be able to refinance its maturing debt obligations in the future or that financing will not be available at a reasonable price. According to Entra’s finance policy, the Group seeks to limit refinancing risk through the following measures:
* average time to maturity for the Group’s interest-bearing debt shall be at least three years
* not more than 30 per cent of the interest-bearing debt should mature within 12 months
* balanced maturity profile for the Group’s financing
* the use of various credit markets and counterparties
As of 31 December 2024, average time to maturity the Group’s interest-bearing debt was 3.1 years (3.8 years) and 25 per cent (2 per cent) of the interest-bearing debt matures within 12 months. Entra maintains strong relations with five of the top six Nordic banks and participants in the debt capital market. Entra’s financing is mainly based on negative pledge of the Group’s assets, with secured financing for part of the Group’s assets according to defined carve-out clauses in the loan agreements. The implementation of the international banking regulation Basel IV, tentatively in 2025, will however increase the need for pledged bank loans. Refer to Note 32for information on refinancing activities following 31.12.24.
Capital management and solvency
The main purpose of the Group’s capital management is to optimise the balance between debt and equity, in order to maximise the value of the shares in the Group, while also maintaining a good credit rating and obtaining financing terms that reflects the risk profile of the Group. The Group has defined a target for the LTV (loan-to-value) metric Effective leverage which shall not exceed 50 per cent over time. Entra has an official investment grade credit rating from Moody’s. In Q2 2024, Moody’s affirmed Entra’s Baa3 credit rating with stable outlook. Entra’s credit quality has strengthened since Moody’s review.
Interest rate risk
Interest rate risk arises from the interest-bearing debt being affected by changes in market rates. Interest rate risk affects the Group’s cash flows and the market value of the Group’s liabilities. The main purpose of the Group’s interest rate strategy is to ensure that the Group achieves the desired balance between the interest expense and interest rate risk. The Group’s interest rate risk is managed within the following financial policy requirements:
* minimum Interest Coverage Ratio (ICR) for the last 12 months of at least 1.80
* not more than 50 per cent of the interest rate hedges should mature within 12 months
* average remaining time to maturity for interest rate hedges in the interval 2–6 years
* diversification of the maturity structure for fixed interest rates
The Group uses interest rate derivatives and fixed rate bonds to establish and maintain the desired fixed rate structure. The interest rate hedge profile is based on an assessment of the Group’s financial strength and its ability to generate long-term, stable cash flows. 55 per cent of the Group’s liabilities are subject to fixed interest rates as of 31 December 2024, compared to 51 per cent at 31 December 2023. As of 31 December 2024, the ICR for the last 12 months was 1.91x (1.84x). At 31 December 2024, the weighted average remaining term to maturity was 2.4 years (2.5 years). The average nominal interest rate was 3.97 per cent (4.29 per cent) at 31 December 2024. As of 31 December 2024, Entra’s portfolio of fixed interest rate hedges had a total volume of 21 589 million (22 889 million), equivalent to a fixed rate hedge position of 68.2 per cent (58.0 per cent). The average term to maturity of Entra’s interest rate hedge portfolio was 3.5 years (4.2 years). The maturity structure for fixed rate instruments is diversified over the next 8 years.
The table below shows the nominal value of outstanding current and non-current interest-bearing debt including derivatives.
Maturity structure of the Group’s exposure to nominal interest rate risk
As at 31.12.2024
| Term to maturity | Up to 1 year | 1–2 years | 2–4 years | 4–6 years | 6–8 years | 8–10 years | Over 10 years | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Percentage | 25.0 | 30.9 | 16.0 | 26.6 | 1.6 | - | - | 100 |
| Amount (NOKm) | 7 915 | 9 773 | 5 062 | 8 415 | 500 | - | - | 31 665 |
As at 31.12.2023
| Term to maturity | Up to 1 year | 1–2 years | 2–4 years | 4–6 years | 6–8 years | 8–10 years | Over 10 years | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Percentage | 2.3 | 18.0 | 52.0 | 15.5 | 12.2 | - | - | 100 |
| Amount (NOKm) | 924 | 7 100 | 20 524 | 6 100 | 4 815 | - | - | 39 463 |
Sensitivity analysis
The table below shows Entra’s overall impact on the Group’s interest expenses on borrowings (refer to Note 10) and ICR if the market interest rates in 2025 fluctuates in line with the forward curve as of the balance sheet date, when including the effects of existing interest rate hedges, assuming completion of all signed and reported ongoing transactions as of the date of this report and refinancing of debt maturities at expected markets terms. Further, the table shows the impact of a parallel shift in market interest rates, represented by the forward curve, of +/- 1 percentage point. For the calculation of the effect on the ICR in the table below, rental income is based on all reported events as of the date of this report and assuming the NOI margin to remain constant from 2024, while all other factors are based on reported figures for 2024. The table can however not be considered an expectation or forecast for the interest expenses on borrowings or ICR for 2025.
| Assumption | Interest expenses on borrowings (NOKm) | ICR |
|---|---|---|
| Interest rate development in line with forward curve | 1 222 | 2.14 |
| Market interest rates + 1 percentage point | 1 314 | 1.99 |
| Market interest rates - 1 percentage point | 1 130 | 2.31 |
The effects on the interest expenses illustrated in the table above will be partly offset by positive changes in value of financial instruments given an increase in the marked rates and negative changes in value of financial instruments given a decrease in the marked rates.
Credit and counterparty risk
Stable, predictable and long-term access to capital is critical for Entra. Entra considers that the ability of creditors to behave predictably over the long term is often dependent on their credit-worthiness. For this reason, Entra wants the Group’s creditors to be of strong credit quality and has established credit rating limits for the Group’s creditors. The credit ratings of the Group’s financial counterparties are continuously monitored.
The fair value of all financial derivative assets as of 31 December 2024 was 843 million (705 million). Trade receivables at 31 December 2024 was 70 million (88 million), contract assets was 522 million (nil), external loans was 67 million (586 million) and other long-term receivables was 75 million (78 million).The concentration of credit risk with respect to trade debtors is assessed to be low, as the majority of Entra’s customers are paying their rent in advance. The external loan agreements are mainly seller’s credit agreements with counterparties of solid creditworthiness. Cash and bank deposits at 31 December 2024 amounted to 264 million (171 million). The deposits were placed with financial institutions with A-/A3 or better credit ratings. Entra’s finance policy includes a threshold which stipulates the maximum share of interest-bearing debt per counterparty is 40 per cent. No counterparties exceeded the threshold as of 31 December 2024.
Currency risk
The Group shall not incur any currency risk. The Group did not have any currency exposure on 31 December 2024.
Financial covenants
There are covenants in the Group’s bank loan agreements specifying that the interest cover ratio (ICR) may not fall below 1.40 and that the loan-to-value of property (LTV) may not exceed 75 per cent. As of 31 December 2024, the Group was not in breach of any covenants as the ICR was 1.91x and LTV, measured by Effective leverage, was 49.3 per cent. Refer to the sensitivity analysis in this note for the sensitivity of the ICR for changes in interest rates and Note 14for the sensitivity of the LTV for changes in the unobservable input variables in the valuation of investment properties. There are no covenants in relation to the Group’s bond or commercial paper loans, but there are clauses of cross-default.
Maturity profile of all financial instruments
31.12.2024
| Remaining term | Under 3 months | 4–12 months | 1–2 years | 2–4 years | 4–6 years | 6–8 years | 8–10 years | Over 10 years | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NOK million | |||||||||
| Interest-bearing bank loans – principal | - | 4 | 165 | 5 682 | 2 465 | 500 | 500 | - | 13 312 |
| Interest-bearing bank loans – amortising | 9 | 26 | 28 | 3 | - | - | - | - | 65 |
| Interest-bearing bank loans – estimated interest | 205 | 600 | 511 | 160 | 83 | 28 | - | 1 | 1 586 |
| Bonds – principal | - | 1 | 600 | 4 029 | 2 594 | 7 915 | - | - | 16 138 |
| Bonds – estimated interest | 119 | 442 | 498 | 715 | 465 | - | - | - | 2 240 |
| Commercial paper – principal | 950 | 1 200 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2 150 |
| Commercial paper – estimated interest | 25 | 35 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 60 |
| Interest rate derivative liabilities | 22 | 66 | 80 | 131 | 8 | - | - | - | 307 |
| Interest rate derivative assets | -85 | -233 | -257 | -342 | -206 | -51 | -11 | - | -1 186 |
| Lease liabilities | 5 | 10 | 12 | 25 | 25 | 24 | 24 | 443 | 567 |
| Trade payables | 188 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 188 |
| Other financial liabilities | 70 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 70 |
| Total | 1 508 | 7 910 | 10 583 | 5 750 | 8 790 | 501 | 13 | 443 | 35 497 |
31.12.2023
| Remaining term | Under 3 months | 4–12 months | 1–2 years | 2–4 years | 4–6 years | 6–8 years | 8–10 years | Over 10 years | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NOK million | |||||||||
| Interest-bearing bank loans – principal | - | - | 5 500 | 15 801 | 500 | 500 | - | - | 22 301 |
| Interest-bearing bank loans – amortising | 9 | 26 | 34 | 31 | - | - | - | - | 100 |
| Interest-bearing bank loans – estimated interest | 336 | 1 008 | 1 312 | 890 | 109 | 55 | - | - | 3 710 |
| Bonds – principal | 924 | - | 1 600 | 4 623 | 5 600 | 4 315 | - | - | 17 062 |
| Bonds – estimated interest | 132 | 458 | 561 | 865 | 624 | 193 | - | - | 2 833 |
| Commercial paper – principal | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Commercial paper – estimated interest | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Interest rate derivative liabilities | 22 | 66 | 89 | 160 | 93 | -32 | - | - | 399 |
| Interest rate derivative assets | -93 | -272 | -316 | -453 | -285 | -104 | -27 | - | -1 551 |
| Lease liabilities | 5 | 14 | 15 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 28 | 649 | 798 |
| Trade payables | 392 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 392 |
| Other financial liabilities | 81 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 81 |
| Total | 1 809 | 1 299 | 8 794 | 21 946 | 6 670 | 4 956 | 2 649 | 46 | 126 |
The table is based on undiscounted contractual cash flows. The maturity analysis is based on the earliest possible redemption for instruments where the counterparty has a choice as to when to redeem the instrument. Estimated interest is based on the interest rate on the individual loan/ instrument on the balance sheet date. In order to manage its liquidity risk, the Group has available, unutilised credit facilities with Nordic banks, as well as available liquid assets.
Unutilised credit facilities
31.12.2024
| Term to maturity | Under 3 months | 4–12 months | 1–2 years | 2–4 years | 4–6 years | 6–8 years | 8–10 years | Over 10 years | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NOK million | |||||||||
| Unutilised credit facilities | - | 1 335 | 12 810 | - | - | - | - | - | 14 145 |
| Total unutilised credit facilities | - | 1 335 | 12 810 | - | - | - | - | - | 14 145 |
31.12.2023
| Term to maturity | Under 3 months | 4–12 months | 1–2 years | 2–4 years | 4–6 years | 6–8 years | 8–10 years | Over 10 years | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NOK million | |||||||||
| Unutilised credit facilities | - | - | - | 6 473 | - | - | - | - | 6 473 |
| Total unutilised credit facilities | - | - | - | 6 473 | - | - | - | - | 6 473 |
At 31 December 2024, the Group had 228 million (134 million) of available liquid assets. Refer to Note 25.
Key figures for the Group’s financial instruments
| 2024 | 2023 | |
|---|---|---|
| Nominal value of interest rate derivatives on the balance sheet date (NOKm)¹ | 19 660 | 20 960 |
| of which Fixed-to-variable swaps (NOKm)¹ | 3 400 | 3 400 |
| Variable-to-Fixed swaps (NOKm) | 16 260 | 17 560 |
| Range of fixed interest rates | From 0.890% to 5.640% | From 0.890% to 5.640% |
| Variable rate basis | NIBOR | NIBOR |
| Average fixed rate excl. forward starting swaps | 2.15% | 2.17% |
| Average fixed rate incl. forward starting swaps | 2.17% | 2.19% |
¹ 13 400 million (3 400 million) of swaps linked to the fixed-interest bonds issued by the Group are included in the volume of interest rate swaps. These bonds are swapped to a variable rate in order to ensure that the Group is in a position to manage its interest rate fixing independently of the bonds. The real volume used for interest rate fixing is therefore 16 260 million (17 560 million).
At 31 December 2024, the Group has no interest rate options or option-related products.
Note 24 Interest-bearing liabilities
Accounting policies
Interest-bearing liabilities are classified as financial liabilities at amortised cost, and are measured at fair value upon initial recognition, and subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest rate method. Amortised cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the effective interest rate. The effective interest rate amortisation is included as net realised financials in the statement of profit or loss. The liabilities are measured at their nominal value when the effect of discounting is immaterial. Interest-bearing liabilities are classified as current liabilities when the debt is due for repayment less than 12 months from the balance sheet date.
Non-current borrowings
| NOK million | Nominal value 2024 | Market value 2024 | Carrying amount 2024 | Nominal value 2023 | Market value 2023 | Carrying amount 2023 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bank loans | 9 177 | 9 177 | 9 160 | 22 366 | 22 366 | 22 336 |
| Bonds | 14 538 | 13 639 | 14 287 | 16 138 | 14 565 | 15 820 |
| Total non-current borrowings | 23 715 | 22 816 | 23 446 | 38 504 | 36 931 | 38 156 |
Current borrowings
| NOK million | Nominal value 2024 | Market value 2024 | Carrying amount 2024 | Nominal value 2023 | Market value 2023 | Carrying amount 2023 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bank loans | 4 199 | 4 199 | 4 199 | 34 | 34 | 34 |
| Bonds | 1 600 | 1 573 | 1 600 | 924 | 924 | 924 |
| Commercial papers | 2 150 | 2 150 | 2 150 | - | - | - |
| Total current borrowings | 7 949 | 7 922 | 7 949 | 958 | 958 | 958 |
The average credit margin on the Group’s borrowings at 31.12.2024 was 0.90 per cent (1.03 per cent).
Changes in liabilities arising from financing activities
| NOK million | 31 December 2023 | New liabilities | Repayment | Reclassification | Net amortisation effects | Change in fair value | Other non-cash movements | 31 December 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-current borrowings | 38 156 | 8 650 | -19 555 | -3 883 | 79 | -162 | -58 | 23 446 |
| Current borrowings | 958 | 4 500 | -1 392 | 3 883 | 4 | 7 948 | ||
| Non-current lease liabilities | 278 | -7 | -5 | 215 | ||||
| Current lease liabilities | 3 | -20 | -5 | 5 | ||||
| Financial derivatives | -423 | -162 | -53 | -584 | ||||
| Total liabilities from financing activities | 38 972 | 13 150 | -20 955 | - | 79 | -324 | -107 | 31 031 |
Secured financing
Entra’s financing is mainly based on negative pledge of the Group’s assets, which enables a broad and flexible financing mix. However, secured financing is arranged for part of the Group’s assets according to defined carve-out clauses in the loan agreements. As of 31.12.24, utilised secured debt amounted to 4.8 per cent of the Group’s assets according to the definition in the carve-out clause in the bond agreements. If the secured facilities were fully utilised, secured debt would amount to 10.2 per cent of the Group’s assets.
Secured financing at 31.12.2024
| NOK million | Pledged assets | Secured debt instruments | Utilised secured debt instruments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Partly-owned assets | 2 090 | 604 | 604 |
| Wholly-owned assets | 10 335 | 6 568 | 3 068 |
| Total secured financing | 12 425 | 7 172 | 3 672 |
Secured financing at 31.12.2023
| NOK million | Pledged assets | Secured debt instruments | Utilised secured debt instruments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Partly-owned assets | 2 120 | 629 | 629 |
| Wholly-owned assets | 11 255 | 7 095 | 4 472 |
| Total secured financing | 13 375 | 7 724 | 5 101 |
The Group’s bonds and commercial papers are subject to the following terms
Bonds at 31.12.2024
| ISIN | Issue limit (NOKm) | Coupon rate | Maturity | Nominal amount issued (NOKm) | Nominal amount outstanding (NOKm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NO0010852692 | 1 500 | 3M Nibor + 0.83% | 22.05.2025 | 1 450 | 600 |
| NO0010852684 | 1 500 | 2.79% | 22.05.2026 | 1 200 | 579 |
| NO0011094625 | 3 000 | 3M Nibor + 0.12% | 10.09.2026 | 2 300 | 2 300 |
| NO0011094641 | 4 000 | 2.00% | 10.09.2029 | 1 900 | 1 900 |
| NO0010886856 | 2 000 | 3M Nibor + 1.10% | 29.06.2027 | 2 000 | 594 |
| NO0010895964 | 2 000 | 1.66% | 21.04.2028 | 2 000 | 2 000 |
| NO0011017147 | 3 000 | 3M Nibor + 0.40% | 07.06.2029 | 1 700 | 1 700 |
| NO0011094633 | 3 000 | 1.50% | 10.09.2026 | 1 150 | 1 150 |
| NO0011041535 | 3 000 | 2.49% | 01.02.2030 | 1 000 | 1 000 |
| NO0010282031 | 1 100 | 4.62% | 29.05.2030 | 1 100 | 1 100 |
| NO0011079808 | 4 000 | 3M Nibor + 0.55% | 20.11.2030 | 2 215 | 2 215 |
| NO0011011256 | 2 000 | 1.96% | 28.11.2025 | 1 000 | 1 000 |
| Total bonds | 16 138 |
Commercial papers at 31.12.2024
| ISIN | Issue limit (NOKm) | Coupon rate | Maturity | Nominal amount issued (NOKm) | Nominal amount outstanding (NOKm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NO0013435867 | 1 000 | 5.15% | 23.09.2025 | 300 | 300 |
| NO0013329953 | 600 | 5.20% | 10.03.2025 | 450 | 450 |
| NO0013318659 | 700 | 5.35% | 21.02.2025 | 500 |
Bonds at 31.12.2023
| ISIN | Issue limit (NOKm) | Coupon rate | Maturity | Nominal amount issued (NOKm) | Nominal amount outstanding (NOKm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NO0010789464 | 1 500 | 3M Nibor + 0.86% | 20.03.2024 | 1 195 | 924 |
| NO0010852692 | 1 500 | 3M Nibor + 0.83% | 22.05.2025 | 1 450 | 600 |
| NO0010852684 | 1 500 | 2.79% | 22.05.2026 | 1 200 | 579 |
| NO0011094625 | 3 000 | 3M Nibor + 0.12% | 10.09.2026 | 2 300 | 2 300 |
| NO0011094641 | 4 000 | 2.00% | 10.09.2029 | 1 900 | 1 900 |
| NO0010886856 | 2 000 | 3M Nibor + 1.10% | 29.06.2027 | 2 000 | 594 |
| NO0010895964 | 2 000 | 1.66% | 21.04.2028 | 2 000 | 2 000 |
| NO0011017147 | 3 000 | 3M Nibor + 0.40% | 07.06.2029 | 1 700 | 1 700 |
| NO0011094633 | 3 000 | 1.50% | 10.09.2026 | 1 150 | 1 150 |
| NO0011041535 | 3 000 | 2.49% | 01.02.2030 | 1 000 | 1 000 |
| NO0010282031 | 1 100 | 4.62% | 29.05.2030 | 1 100 | 1 100 |
| NO0011079808 | 4 000 | 3M Nibor + 0.55% | 20.11.2030 | 2 215 | 2 215 |
| NO0011011256 | 2 000 | 1.96% | 28.11.2025 | 1 000 | 1 000 |
| Total bonds | 17 062 |
Note 25 Cash and bank deposits
Accounting policies
Cash and cash equivalents consist of bank deposits and other short-term, highly liquid investments with an original term to maturity of no more than three months.
| NOK million | 2024 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Bank deposits | 228 | 134 |
| Restricted bank deposits | 36 | 37 |
| Total bank deposits | 264 | 171 |
Restricted bank deposits relate to the withholding tax account and guarantees for loans.
Note 26 Share capital and shareholder information
Entra’s share capital is 182 132 055 divided into 182 132 055 shares, with each share having a par value of 1.00. All the shares have been issued in accordance with the Norwegian Public Limited Companies Act and are fully paid. Entra has one class of shares. All shares provide equal rights, including the right to any dividends. Each of the shares carries one vote. There are no share options or other rights to subscribe for or acquire shares issued by Entra. At 31 December 2024, Entra owns none (none) of its own shares and has a total of 182 132 055 (182 132 055) shares outstanding. At 31 December 2024, Entra had 5 069 shareholders (4 947 shareholders). Norwegian investors held 13 per cent (12 per cent) of the share capital and foreign investors 87 per cent (88 per cent).
| Number of shares | Par value (NOK) | Share capital (NOKm) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 31 December 2023 | 182 132 055 | 1 | 182 |
| 31 December 2024 | 182 132 055 | 1 | 182 |
Paid-in capital amounts to 3 706 million (3 706 million) and consists of 182 million (182 million) in share capital, of which nil (nil) is related to treasury shares, and 3 524 million (3 524 million) in other paid-in capital.
Entra ASA has a share purchase scheme, offering all employees, including Senior Executives, the opportunity to purchase shares in Entra ASA at a discounted price. The shares are subject to two-year lock-in period. The purchase price in the employee offering was calculated as the volume weighted average share price the last 30 days (VWAP) until and including 22 April 2024 less a 25 per cent discount. A total of 60 854 shares were acquired and sold to the employees in connection with the share purchase scheme in May 2024. No shares were awarded to Senior Executives under Entra’s share-based variable remuneration scheme in 2024. For other changes in shareholders’ equity, see the consolidated statements of changes in equity.
The 20 largest shareholders as registered with the Euronext Securities Oslo (VPS) as of 31 December 2024 were as follows:
| Shareholder | Type of account | Country | No of shares per 31.12.2024 | Shareholding% |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Castellum AB (publ) | Ordinary | Sweden | 60 710 624 | 33.3% |
| Fastighets AB Balder | Ordinary | Sweden | 50 000 000 | 27.5% |
| Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken Nominee | Sweden | 12 568 660 | 6.9% | |
| Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken | Ordinary | Sweden | 3 691 666 | 2.0% |
| Folketrygdfondet | Ordinary | Norway | 2 832 779 | 1.6% |
| Danske Bank Nominee | Denmark | 2 627 373 | 1.4% | |
| State Street Bank and Trust Comp Nominee | United States | 2 038 670 | 1.1% | |
| Goldman Sachs International Nominee | United Kingdom | 2 000 000 | 1.1% | |
| J.P. Morgan Nominee | Sweden | 1 991 064 | 1.1% | |
| The Bank of New York Mellon Nominee | The Netherlands | 1 791 277 | 1.0% | |
| Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken CMU/SECFIN pooled account | Ordinary | Sweden | 1 673 332 | 0.9% |
| JPMorgan Chase Bank Nominee | United States | 1 597 400 | 0.9% | |
| State Street Bank and Trust Comp Nominee | United States | 1 555 237 | 0.9% | |
| State Street Bank and Trust Comp Nominee | United States | 1 222 277 | 0.7% | |
| Telenor Pensjonskasse | Ordinary | Norway | 1 043 014 | 0.6% |
| Verdipapirfondet DNB Norske Aksjer | Ordinary | Norway | 1 029 267 | 0.6% |
| Danske Invest Norske Instit. II. | Ordinary | Norway | 956 050 | 0.5% |
| Wenaasgruppen | Ordinary | Norway | 933 435 | 0.5% |
| J.P. Morgan Nominee | Finland | 889 791 | 0.5% | |
| Rica Eiendom | Ordinary | Norway | 850 500 | 0.5% |
| Total 20 largest shareholders | 152 002 416 | 83.5% | ||
| Total | 182 132 055 | 100.0 |
¹As of 31 December 2024, Fastighets AB Balder held shares, in its own name and through nominees, equalling 39.98 per cent of the shares. Refer to page 67for an overview of the 20 largest shareholders as of 31 December 2024 based on beneficial ownership.
Shares held by the board of directors and senior executives at 31.12.
| Shareholder | Position | Number of shares 2024 | Number of shares 2023 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Board of Directors | |||
| Ottar Ertzeid | Chair | 25 000 | - |
| Hege Toft Karlsen | Vice Chair | - | - |
| Ewa Wassberg | Board member from 23 April 2024 | - | - |
| Joakim Sjöberg | Board member | - | - |
| Camilla AC Tepfers | Board member | 1 500 | - |
| Widar Salbuvik | Board member | 20 000 | 20 000 |
| Nina Eriksen | Employee representative from 23 April 2024 | 59 | |
| Glenn Thomas Gustavsen | Employee representative from 23 April 2024 | - | |
| Marit Rasmussen | Employee representative until 23 April 2024 | 454 | |
| Erling Nedkvitne | Employee representative until 23 April 2024 | 16 518 | |
| Senior Executives | |||
| Sonja Horn | CEO | 62 303 | 60 478 |
| Ole Anton Gulsvik | CFO from 1 August 2024 | - | |
| Kjetil Hoff | EVP Asset Management and COO | 19 652 | 17 827 |
| Carine Blyverket | EVP Asset Management and Business Development | 913 | - |
| Per Ola Ulseth | EVP Project Development | 17 271 | 17 271 |
| Kristine Hilberg Tunstad | EVP HR and Communication | 13 591 | 13 591 |
| Hallgeir Østrem | EVP Legal and Procurement | 25 900 | 24 075 |
| Anders Olstad | CFO and Deputy CEO until 22 April 2024 | 87 111 | |
| Shares held by the Board of Directors and Senior Executives | 186 189 | 257 325 |
¹Shareholding is stated in the table above only if the person has been a director or senior executive at 31.12 the applicable year.
Note 27 Consolidation and subsidiaries
Accounting policies
The consolidated financial statements include all the financial statements of Entra ASA and its subsidiaries. Subsidiaries are all entities (including structured entities) over which Entra has control, either directly or through other subsidiaries. The Entra controls an entity when the Group is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns through its power to direct the activities of the entity. The Group reassesses whether it controls an investee if facts and circumstances indicate that there are changes to one or more of the elements of control listed above. When the Group has less than a majority of the voting rights of an investee, it has power over the investee when the voting rights are sufficient to give it the practical ability to direct the relevant activities of the investee unilaterally. The Group considers all relevant facts and circumstances in assessing whether the Group’s voting rights in an investee are sufficient to give it power, including:
- The size of the Group’s holding of voting rights relative to the size and dispersion of holdings of the other vote holders;
- potential voting rights held by the Group, other vote holders or other parties;
- rights arising from other contractual arrangements; and/or
- any additional facts and circumstances that indicate that the Group has, or does not have, the current ability to direct the relevant activities at the time that decisions need to be made, including vote patterns at previous shareholder’s meetings.
Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the Group. They are deconsolidated from the date that control ceases. The acquisition method is used to account for purchases of subsidiaries that constitute a business. The consideration given is measured at the fair value of the transferred assets, the equity instruments that have been issued, liabilities assumed on the transfer of control and direct costs relating to the actual purchase. The cost of acquisition also includes the fair value of all assets or liabilities that are the result of an agreement on contingent consideration.
Identifiable purchased assets, assumed liabilities and contingent liabilities are recognised at fair value on the date of acquisition. The costs associated with the business combination are expensed when they are incurred. If the aggregate of the consideration, the carrying amount of non-controlling interests and the fair value on the acquisition date of any previously held ownership interests exceeds the fair value of the acquired entity’s identifiable net assets, the difference is capitalised as goodwill. If the aggregate is less than the company’s net assets, the difference is immediately recognised in profit or loss. Contingent consideration is recognised at fair value on the date of acquisition.Subsequent changes in the fair value of the contingent consideration are recognised in profit or loss or recognised as a change in other comprehensive income (OCI), if the contingent consideration is classified as an asset or a liability. Contingent consideration classified as equity is not remeasured, and subsequent settlement is recognised in equity. For accounting purposes, acquisitions of subsidiaries that do not constitute a business as defined in IFRS 3, such as acquisitions where substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired is concentrated in a single property or group of similar properties, are treated as asset acquisitions. The cost of acquisition is then attributed to the individual identifiable assets and liabilities based on their relative fair values on the acquisition date. Expenses associated with the transaction are capitalised on the investment property. Such acquisitions are transactions to which the initial recognition exemption according to IAS 12 would apply, and no deferred tax would be recognised for taxable temporary differences for the assets and liabilities acquired. If the Group loses control over a subsidiary, it derecognises the related assets (including goodwill), liabilities, non-controlling interest and other components of equity, while any resultant gain or loss is recognised in profit or loss. For a subsidiary where main asset is an investment property, the net gain or loss associated with the loss of control of the subsidiary is presented as change in value of investment properties. Any investment retained is recognised at fair value. Intra-group transactions, balances and unrealised gains are eliminated. Unrealised losses are eliminated, but are considered evidence of impairment in terms of writing down the value of the transferred asset. If necessary, the accounting policies at subsidiaries are changed in order to bring them into line with the Group’s accounting policies. Transactions with non-controlling interests Transactions with non-controlling interests in subsidiaries are treated as equity transactions. If shares are acquired from a non-controlling interest, the difference between the payment and the proportion of the carrying amount of the subsidiary’s net assets attributable to the shares is recognised in the equity of the parent company’s owners. Gains and losses arising from the sale of shares to non-controlling interests are similarly recognised in equity. If the Group loses control, any residual holding is remeasured at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL). Thereafter, the fair value is used as the acquisition cost for accounting purposes, and the holding is treated as an investment in an associate, in a jointly controlled entity or in a financial asset. Amounts previously included in OCI that relate to the company are treated as if the Group had disposed the underlying asset and liability. This may result in amounts that were previously included in OCI being reclassified to the income statement.
Critical judgements in applying accounting policies
Consolidation of entity in which the Group holds less than a majority of shares
Entra considers that it controls Entra OPF Utvikling AS with a 50 per cent holding in the company. In this assessment, Entra has considered all relevant facts and circumstances in assessing whether the voting rights are sufficient to give Entra power over the company. A key consideration is whether Entra has the practical ability to unilaterally direct the relevant activities that affect the amount of Entra’s return. The relevant activities, including property management, ongoing maintenance and minor redevelopment projects, are directed by the Board of Directors in the company. The shareholder agreement includes certain provisions that restricts Entra from making significant changes to the business of the company. These provisions are not considered to give the co-investors power over the company, and are only considered to be protective rights. As Entra shall appoint the Chair of the Board of the company and the Chair has a double vote in the Board of Directors, Entra has concluded it controls this company.
Entra Annual Report 2024
Entra Annual Report 2024
214
214
Financials
Financials | Consolidated financial statements
Financials | Consolidated financial statements
The Group comprises the following legal entities at 31 December 2024. All subsidiaries are incorporated in Norway.
Wholly owned subsidiaries of Entra ASA
Akersgata 34-36 AS
Alistair AS
Bryn Boligselskap AS
Brynseng Eiendom AS
Brynsengfaret 4 og 6 AS
Brynsengfaret 6CD AS
Brynsveien 1 AS
Brynsveien 11/13 Eiendom AS
Brynsveien 2-4 AS
Brynsveien 3 Eiendom AS
Brynsveien 3A ANS
Brynsveien 3B ANS
Brynsveien 5 AS
Brynsveien 6 og 12 AS
Bryn Boligselskap AS
Brynseng Eiendom AS
Brynsengfaret 4 og 6 AS
Brynsengfaret 6CD AS
Brynsveien 1 AS
Brynsveien 11/13 Eiendom AS
Brynsveien 2-4 AS
Brynsveien 3 Eiendom AS
Brynsveien 3A ANS
Brynsveien 3B ANS
Brynsveien 5 AS
Brynsveien 6 og 12 AS
Biskop Gunnerus' gate 14A AS
Biskop Gunnerus' gate 6 AS
Blåisen AS
Blånebba ANS
Christian Krohgs gate 2 AS
Christian Krohgs gate 10 AS
Drammensveien 131 AS
Drammensveien 134 AS
Drammensveien 134 P-Hus AS
Drammensveien 134 Utearealer AS
Entra Bryn AS
Entra Eiendom AS
Entra Felleskost AS
Entra Kultur 1 AS
Entra Labs AS
Entra Service AS
Entra Utleie AS
Fredrik Selmers vei 4 AS
Fredrik Selmers vei 6 AS
Grensesvingen 26 AS
Grensesvingen 7 Eiendom AS
Hagegata 22-24 AS
Hardangerjøkulen AS
Holtermanns veg Utvikling AS
Holtermanns veg Utvikling 2 AS
Kaigaten 9 AS
Karenslyst allé 7 AS
Keysers gate 13 AS
Kjørboparken AS
Lagårdsveien 6 AS
Lars Hilles gate 19 AS
Lars Hilles gate 25 AS
Lilletorget 1 AS
Malmskriverveien 18-20 AS
Malmskriverveien 2-4 AS
Monier AS
Møllendalsveien 1A AS
Møllendalsveien 6-8 AS
Nedre Vollgate 11 AS
Nils Hansens vei 20 AS
Nonnesetergaten 4 AS
Oslo AS
Otto Sverdrups plass 4 AS
Pilestredet 33 AS
Professor Olav Hanssens vei 10 AS
Professor Olav Hanssens vei 10 AS
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Professor# Financials | Consolidated financial statements
The results of the discontinued operations, which is included in the statement of comprehensive income, were as follows:
| NOK million | 2024 | 2023 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rental income | 169 | 342 | |
| Operating costs | -11 | -27 | |
| Net operating income | 157 | 314 | |
| Other expenses | -2 | -7 | |
| Net income | 155 | 307 | |
| Changes in value of investment properties | -74 | -300 | |
| Gain on sale of discontinued operations | 397 | - | |
| Profit before tax | 478 | 7 | |
| Tax expense related to net income | -34 | -68 | |
| Tax expense related to changes in value of properties | 14 | 66 | |
| Profit for the period attributable to equity holders of the Company | 458 | 5 | |
| Average number of outstanding shares | 182 130 060 | 182 127 710 | |
| Basic earnings per share from discontinued operations (NOK) | 2.51 | 0.03 |
The discontinued operations were not separately financed, and the associated interest costs cannot be separated from the interest costs of the continuing operations. Consequently, no interest costs are allocated to the discontinued operations and the earnings per share from discontinued operations presented above is consequently not representative of the effects of the divestment. The proceeds from the divestment were used to repay bank debt, reducing the interest-bearing debt and interest costs of the Group. The gain on sale of discontinued operations is mainly related to the deferred tax liabilities of the discontinued operations exceeding the tax deduction in the net proceeds.
Cash flow information of discontinued operations
| NOK million | 2024 | 2023 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Net cash flows from operating activities | 153 | 302 | |
| Net cash flows from investment activities | -48 | -318 | |
| Net cash flows from financing activities | - | - | |
| Net cash flows for the period | 105 | -17 |
Effect of the disposal on the financial position of the Group
| NOK million | 2024 | |
|---|---|---|
| Investment properties | 6 560 | |
| Trade receivables | 8 | |
| Other assets | 22 | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | 52 | |
| Deferred tax liability | -682 | |
| Lease liabilities | -110 | |
| Trade payables | -35 | |
| Other liabilities | -85 | |
| Net assets and liabilities sold | 5 730 | |
| Cash consideration received | 6 206 | |
| Cash and cash equivalents disposed of | -52 | |
| Net cash inflows | 6 154 |
Combined statement of comprehensive income for continuing and discontinued operations
| NOK million | Continuing operations | Discontinued operations | Combined | Continuing operations | Discontinued operations | Combined |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rental income | 3 099 | 169 | 3 267 | 3 077 | 342 | 3 418 |
| Operating costs | -264 | -11 | -276 | -255 | -27 | -282 |
| Net operating income | 2 834 | 157 | 2 991 | 2 822 | 314 | 3 136 |
| Other revenues | 630 | - | 631 | 1 631 | 90 | 1 721 |
| Other costs | -584 | -1 | -585 | -66 | -1 | -67 |
| Administrative costs | -199 | - | -199 | -181 | -4 | -185 |
| Share of profit from associates and JVs | -42 | - | -42 | -72 | - | -72 |
| Net realised financials | -1 518 | -3 | -1 521 | -1 616 | -5 | -1 620 |
| Net income | 1 121 | 155 | 1 276 | 977 | 307 | 1 284 |
| Changes in value of investment properties | -1 820 | -74 | -1 894 | -7 848 | -300 | -8 148 |
| Gain on sale of discontinued operations | - | 397 | 397 | - | - | - |
| Changes in value of financial instruments | 165 | - | 165 | -4 | - | -4 |
| Profit/loss before tax | -534 | 478 | -56 | -6 875 | 7 | -6 868 |
| Tax payable | -13 | - | -13 | -13 | - | -13 |
| Change in deferred tax | 164 | -21 | 144 | 1 300 | -2 | 1 299 |
| Profit/loss for period | -383 | 458 | 75 | -5 588 | 5 | -5 582 |
Note 29 Associates and jointly controlled entities
Accounting policies
Joint arrangements
Under IFRS 11, investments in joint arrangements are classified as either joint operations or joint ventures. In a joint arrangement, no single party controls the arrangement on its own. The classification depends on the contractual rights and obligations of each investor, rather than the legal structure of the joint arrangement. Joint control is the contractually agreed sharing of control of an arrangement, which exists only when decisions about the relevant activities require the unanimous consent of the parties sharing control. A joint venture is a joint arrangement whereby the parties that have joint control of the arrangement have rights to the net assets of the arrangement. Entra classifies its investments based on an analysis of the degree of control and the underlying facts. This includes an assessment of voting rights, ownership structure and the relative strength, purchase and sale rights controlled by Entra and other shareholders. Each individual investment is assessed. Upon changes in underlying facts and circumstances, a new assessment is made as to whether this is still a joint venture. Changes in contractual rights and obligations relating to the underlying asset or debt and changes in the shareholder agreement might lead to a shift in the accounting method. In joint ventures, the Group’s share of the companies’ profit/loss after tax, adjusted for amortisation of excess value, are presented on a separate line in the consolidated income statement. Where necessary, the accounts of joint ventures have been brought into line with the Group’s accounting policies. Joint ventures are recognised in the consolidated accounts using the equity method, often referred to as one-line consolidation, and presented as non-current assets. A transaction that entails a change of control from an investment in a joint venture to an investment in a subsidiary is treated as a realisation and requires that a gain/loss at the time of derecognition of the joint venture has to be calculated and recognised in the income statement. Equity transactions in a joint venture is presented as an equity transaction in the Group’s statement of changes in equity.
Associates
Associates are companies over which the Group has significant influence but not control or joint control. Significant influence normally exists where the Group’s investment represents between 20 and 50 per cent of the capital with voting rights. Investments in associates are accounted for using the equity method of accounting, after initially being recognised at cost. Investments in associates include any excess values and goodwill identified at the time of acquisition, less any subsequent impairment losses. The Group’s share of the profit and loss of associates is recognised and added to the carrying amount of the investments. The Group’s share of the comprehensive income of associates is recognised in the Group’s comprehensive income and added to the carrying amount of the investments. The Group does not recognise its share of a loss if this would result in a negative carrying amount for the investment (including the entity’s unsecured receivables), unless the Group has taken over obligations or made payments on behalf of the associate. The Group’s share of unrealised gains on transactions between the Group and its associates is eliminated. This also applies to unrealised losses, unless there is a permanent loss of value. Where necessary, the accounts of associates have been brought into line with the Group’s accounting policies. Gains and losses arising from the dilution of ownership interests in associates are recognised in profit or loss. If the Group no longer has significant influence, any residual holding is remeasured at FVTPL. Thereafter, the fair value is used as the acquisition cost for accounting purposes, and the holding is treated as a financial asset. Amounts relating to the company that were previously recognised in comprehensive income are treated as if the associate had disposed of the underlying assets and liabilities. This may result in amounts that were previously included in other comprehensive income being reclassified to the income statement. If the Group reduces its shareholding but retains significant influence, a proportionate share of the amounts previously recognised in other comprehensive income is reclassified to the income statement.
| Acquisition date | Business office | Shareholding voting rights (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 31.12.2024 | |||
| Associated companies | |||
| Ullandhaug Energi AS | 07.07.2009 | Stavanger | 44.00 |
| H2O Eiendom AS | 02.12.2019 | Oslo | 25.00 |
| Galleri Oslo Utvikling AS | 24.10.2022 | Oslo | 46.77 |
| Galleriet Drift AS | 31.03.2022 | Oslo | 46.77 |
| Welcome Workdays AS | 12.10.2023 | Oslo | 45.00 |
| Jointly controlled entities | |||
| Oslo S Utvikling AS | 01.07.2004 | Oslo | 50.00 |
| Rebel U2 AS | 10.10.2019 | Oslo | 50.00 |
| Galleri Oslo Invest AS | 12.01.2022 | Oslo | 33.33 |
| 31.12.2023 | |||
| Associated companies | |||
| Ullandhaug Energi AS | 07.07.2009 | Stavanger | 44.00 |
| H2O Eiendom AS | 02.12.2019 | Oslo | 25.00 |
| Galleri Oslo Utvikling AS | 24.10.2022 | Oslo | 46.77 |
| Galleriet Drift AS | 31.03.2022 | Oslo | 46.77 |
| Welcome Workdays AS | 12.10.2023 | Oslo | 45.00 |
| Jointly controlled entities | |||
| Oslo S Utvikling AS | 01.07.2004 | Oslo | 50 |
| Rebel U2 AS | 10.10.2019 | Oslo | 50 |
| Galleri Oslo Invest AS | 12.01.2022 | Oslo | 33.33 |
Movement in carrying amount of associates and jointly controlled entities
| NOK million | Galleri Oslo Invest AS | Oslo S Utvikling AS | Rebel U2 AS¹ | Other jointly controlled entities and associates | Total associates and jointly controlled entities |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carrying amount 31.12.2022 | 157 | 701 | - | 33 | 891 |
| Share of profit for 2023 | -21 | -50 | - | 6 | -65 |
| Capital injection/ reduction | - | - | - | 33 | 33 |
| Investment in or divestment of company | - | - | - | - | - |
| Carrying amount 31.12.2023 | 136 | 651 | - | 72 | 859 |
| Share of profit for 2024 | -5 | -26 | - | - | -32 |
| Capital injection/ reduction | - | - | - | 41 | 41 |
| Investment in or divestment of company | - | - | - | - | - |
| Carrying amount 31.12.2024 | 130 | 625 | - | 112 | 867 |
¹ Entra’s share of Rebel U2 AS’ negative total comprehensive income is recognised as a reduction in the carrying value of Entra’s loan to Rebel U2 AS, which is considered part of the Group’s interests in Rebel U2 AS.# Financials
Consolidated financial statements
Aggregate financial information for associates and jointly controlled entities (Figures stated refer to Entra’s ownership interest)
| NOK million | 2024 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Revenue | 118 | 807 |
| Costs | -162 | -813 |
| Net income | -44 | -6 |
| Net value changes | -9 | -29 |
| Profit before tax | -52 | -35 |
| Tax expense | 10 | 4 |
| Profit after tax | -42 | -30 |
| Total comprehensive income | -42 | -30 |
| Realisation of excess value | - | -41 |
| Entra’s share of total comprehensive income | -42 | -72 |
| Total assets | 2 413 | 1 952 |
| Shareholders equity | 627 | 629 |
| Non-controlling interests | 47 | 49 |
| Total liabilities | 1 739 | 1 273 |
Summarised financial information for significant associates and jointly controlled entities (100 per cent)
Oslo S Utvikling AS is a property development company that is undertaking primarily residential development in Bjørvika in Oslo’s CBD East. Rebel U2 AS is the operator of the technology hub in Universitetsgata 2 in Oslo. The company offers full-service solutions, flexible and short-term leases, co-working facilities as well as conference and event activity. Galleri Oslo Invest AS is a joint venture with the two other owners of Schweigaards gate 6-14 in Oslo ('Galleri Oslo'), owning and managing 10.6 per cent of the property.
| Oslo S Utvikling AS | Rebel U2 AS | Galleri Oslo Invest AS | |
|---|---|---|---|
| NOK million | 2024 | 2023 | 2024 |
| INCOME STATEMENT | |||
| Revenue | 52 | 1 415 | 138 |
| Cost of sales | -45 | -1 369 | -83 |
| Administrative costs | -44 | -45 | -24 |
| Net realised financials | -28 | -13 | -57 |
| Net income | -65 | -12 | -26 |
| Changes in value of investment properties | - | - | - |
| Changes in value of financial instruments | - | - | - |
| Profit before tax | -65 | -12 | -26 |
| Tax expense | 13 | -5 | 6 |
| Profit for the year | -53 | -17 | -20 |
| Total comprehensive income | -53 | -17 | -20 |
| Realisation of excess value | - | -41 | - |
| Entra’s share of total comprehensive income | -26 | -50 | -10 |
| Oslo S Utvikling AS | Rebel U2 AS | Galleri Oslo Invest AS | |
|---|---|---|---|
| NOK million | 2024 | 2023 | 2024 |
| BALANCE SHEET | |||
| Current assets | 2 974 | 2 667 | 75 |
| of which cash and cash equivalents | 32 | 68 | 31 |
| Non-current assets | 686 | 94 | 580 |
| Current liabilities | 556 | 559 | 96 |
| of which current financial liabilities other than accounts payable and provisions | 235 | 140 | - |
| Non-current liabilities | 2 154 | 1 195 | 640 |
| of which non-current financial liabilities other than accounts payable and provisions | 2113 | 1 135 | - |
| Net assets | 951 | 1 007 | -82 |
| of which attributable to non-controlling interests | 95 | 98 | - |
| Net assets attributable to equity holders of the JV | 856 | 909 | -82 |
| Entra’s shareholding in the JV | 428 | 454 | -41 |
| Excess value | 197 | 197 | - |
| Carrying amount of Entra’s shareholding | 625 | 651 | - |
Note 30 Related parties
The Group’s transactions and balances with associates and jointly controlled entities in 2024 is mainly related to rental income, administrative fees, loans, interest payments on loans and dividends.
| NOK million | 2024 | 2023 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Income statement | Rental income | 100 | 90 |
| Other revenues | 12 | 1 | |
| Dividends | 1 | 3 | |
| Balance sheet | Receivables | 70 | 45 |
| Loans | 28 | 30 | |
| Short-term debt | 4 | 2 |
Note 31 Auditor’s fee
| NOK thousand | 2024 | 2023 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Statutory audit | 3 523 | 3 798 | |
| Other assurance services | 1 447 | 693 | |
| Tax advise | - | - | |
| Other services not related to auditing | - | - | |
| Total auditor’s fee (excl. VAT expense) | 4 970 | 4 491 |
Note 32 Subsequent events
Following year-end, Entra has issued new bonds totalling 3 100 million with 3 and 5-year tenors. In connection with the bond issuances, Entra bought back existing short-term bonds totalling 543 million. The net amount from the bond transactions of 2 557 million was used to reduce outstanding amounts on Entra’s revolving bank facilities. Further, Entra has as of 11 February 2025 obtained bank refinancing commitments with at total volume of 20.2 billion bringing the weighted average maturities of these facilities up to 3.5 years from 1.3 years as of 11.02.2025.
Parent company financial statements
Statement of income
| All amounts in NOK million | Note | 2024 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sales revenue | 3 | 204 | 223 |
| Total revenue | 204 | 223 | |
| Payroll and related costs | 4 | -301 | -307 |
| Depreciation | 5 | -3 | -3 |
| Other operating costs | 6 , 7 | -93 | -106 |
| Total operating costs | -397 | -416 | |
| Operating profit | -193 | -193 | |
| Income from investments in subsidiaries | 1 050 | 1 212 | |
| Income from investments in associates and jointly controlled entities | 1 3 | ||
| Interest income from group companies | 448 | 363 | |
| Other financial income | 8 | 3 135 | 889 |
| Interest expense from group companies | -209 | -129 | |
| Interest expense | -1 338 | -1 497 | |
| Other financial costs | 9 | -511 | -2 077 |
| Net financial items | 2 576 | -1 237 | |
| Profit before tax | 2 383 | -1 430 | |
| Tax expense | 10 | 89 | 78 |
| Profit for the year | 2 471 | -1 352 |
Balance sheet
| Note | 31.12.2024 | 31.12.2023 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Assets | |||
| Non-current assets | |||
| Deferred tax assets | 10 | 192 | 107 |
| Total intangible assets | 192 | 107 | |
| Operating equipment | 5 | 7 | 8 |
| Total property & equipment | 7 | 8 | |
| Investments in subsidiaries | 11 | 27 191 | 30 732 |
| Loans to group companies | 12 , 13 | 9 644 | 11 444 |
| Investments in associates and jointly controlled entities | 11 | 777 | 735 |
| Loans to associates and jointly controlled entities | 12 | 16 | 43 |
| Investments in shares | 274 | 272 | |
| Other long-term receivables and other assets | 12 | 89 | 106 |
| Total non-current financial assets | 37 991 | 43 332 | |
| Total non-current assets | 38 190 | 43 447 | |
| Current assets | |||
| Trade receivables | 13 | 5 | 7 |
| Receivables on group companies | 13 | 1 047 | 1 228 |
| Other current receivables | 105 | 407 | |
| Total current receivables | 1 158 | 1 642 | |
| Cash and bank deposits | 17 | 175 | 11 |
| Total current assets | 1 333 | 1 653 | |
| TOTAL ASSETS | 39 523 | 45 099 | |
| Note | 31.12.2024 | 31.12.2023 | |
| Equity and liabilities | |||
| Equity | |||
| Share capital | 14 , 15 | 182 | 182 |
| Share premium reserve | 15 | 2 595 | 2 595 |
| Other paid-in capital | 15 | 929 | 929 |
| Total paid-in capital | 3 706 | 3 706 | |
| Retained earnings | 15 | 1 411 | -1 069 |
| Total equity | 5 117 | 2 637 | |
| Non-current liabilities | |||
| Pension liabilities | 16 | 68 | 85 |
| Borrowings | 17 | 21 767 | 36 452 |
| Other non-current liabilities | 2 | 4 | |
| Total non-current liabilities | 21 837 | 36 542 | |
| Current liabilities | |||
| Borrowings | 17 | 7 925 | 934 |
| Trade payables | 11 | 13 | |
| Liabilities to group companies | 13 | 4 346 | 4 670 |
| Other current liabilites | 287 | 303 | |
| Total current liabilities | 12 568 | 5 920 | |
| Total liabilities | 34 405 | 42 462 | |
| Total equity and liabilities | 39 523 | 45 099 |
Statement of cash flows
| NOK million | 2024 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Profit before tax | 2 383 | -1 430 |
| Net expensed interest and fees on loans | 1 471 | 1 612 |
| Net interest and fees paid on loans | -1 403 | -1 517 |
| Income from investment in subsidiaries, associates and joint controlled entities | -1 050 | -1 215 |
| Gain and loss on sale of shares | -3 111 | -867 |
| Depreciation of non-current assets | 3 | 3 |
| Impairment of financial assets | 372 | 1 955 |
| Change in working capital | -41 | 28 |
| Net cash flows from operating activities | -1 376 | -1 431 |
| Proceeds from sale of subsidiaries | 5 722 | 1 034 |
| Payments made on investments in associates and jointly controlled entities | - | -19 |
| Proceeds from subsidiaries - dividends/group contributions/repayment of equity | 1 845 | 2 189 |
| Payments/repayments other shares | -4 | 16 |
| Proceeds/repayments made on loans to associates and jointly controlled entities | -46 | -16 |
| Proceeds/repayments from other loans | 307 | -6 |
| Purchase of equipment and other assets | -2 | -3 |
| Net change in cash pool balance | 1 492 | -26 |
| Net cash flows from investing activities | 9 314 | 3 169 |
| 2024 | 2023 | |
| Proceeds interest-bearing debt | 13 150 | 13 269 |
| Repayment interest-bearing debt | -20 924 | -14 709 |
| Dividends paid | - | -455 |
| Net cash flows from financing activities | -7 773 | -1 895 |
| Change in cash and cash equivalents | 164 | -157 |
| Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 11 | 168 |
| Cash and cash equivalents at end of year | 175 | 11 |
Oslo, 13 March 2025
The Board of Entra ASA
This document is signed electronically
Ottar Ertzeid
Chair of the Board
Hege Toft Karlsen
Vice Chair
Ewa Wassberg
Board member
Joacim Sjöberg
Board member
Widar Salbuvik
Board member
Camilla AC Tepfers
Board member
Nina Eriksen
Board member
Glenn Thomas Gustavsen
Board member
Sonja Horn
CEO
Notes to the Parent company financial statements
Note 01 General information
Entra ASA (“the Company”) is listed on Oslo Stock Exchange with the ticker ENTRA.# The Company and its subsidiaries (together "Entra" or “the Group”) is one of Norway’s leading commercial real estate companies, focusing on large, high- quality, flexible and environment-friendly office properties in clusters around central public transportation hubs in the largest cities in Norway. The Group owns and manages 81 (99) properties with a total area of approximately 1.3 million (1.6 million) square metres. As of 31.12.24 the real estate portfolio had a market value of around 61 billion (70 billion). The public sector represents 52 per cent (57 per cent) of the total customer portfolio. Entra has its head office in Oslo. The financial statements were adopted by the Company’s Board on 13 March 2025.
Accounting principles
Accounting principles
The most important accounting principles applied in the preparation of the annual financial statements are described below. These principles are applied in the same way for all periods presented, unless otherwise indicated.
Basic principles
The annual financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Norwegian Accounting Act of 1998 and good accounting practice (NGAAP). The annual financial statements have been prepared on the basis of the historical cost principle. Presenting the accounts in accordance with NGAAP requires management to make certain assessments and assumptions. The application of the Company’s accounting principles also requires management to exercise judgment. Estimates and subjective judgments are based on past experience and other factors that are considered appropriate. Actual results may deviate from these estimates. Estimates and underlying assumptions are continuously reassessed. Changes in accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the changes occur if they apply only to that period. If the changes also apply to future periods, the impact is distributed over the current and future periods. The financial statements have been presented on the assumption of the business being a going concern.
Entra Annual Report 2024 Entra Annual Report 2024 227 227
Financials | Parent company financial statements
Financials | Parent company financial statements
General principles for measurement and classification of assets and liabilities
Assets intended for long-term ownership or use are classified as non-current assets. Other assets are classified as current assets. Receivables that are repayable within a year are classified as current assets. When classifying non-current and current liabilities, the same criteria have been applied. Current assets are valued at the lower of acquisition cost and fair value.
Income recognition
Revenue is recognised when it is earned, i.e., when the claim to remuneration arises. This occurs when the service is performed, i.e., as the work is being done. The revenue is recognised at the value of the remuneration at the time of the transaction.
Costs
Costs are normally reported in the same period as the related income. Where there is no clear link between expenditure and income, the allocation is determined on the basis of assessment criteria.
Currency
The presentation currency is NOK. This is also the functional currency of the Company. Foreign currency transactions are translated at the exchange rate on the date of the transaction. Monetary foreign currency items in the balance sheet are translated at the exchange rate on the balance sheet date.
Operating equipment
Operating equipment is recognised at acquisition cost in the balance sheet and is depreciated according to a schedule over the anticipated useful life of the assets. The acquisition cost includes costs directly related to the acquisition of the equipment.
Subsidiaries
Investments in subsidiaries are included in the financial statements using the cost method. Investments are written down to their fair value if the reduction in value is more than temporary and the write-down appears to be necessary in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Dividends and group contributions from subsidiaries are recognised as income from the investment in the subsidiary in the year that the allocation is made by the subsidiary. Dividends and group contributions from subsidiaries that exceed the retained earnings over the period of ownership are considered repayments of the acquisition cost.
Jointly controlled entities and associated companies
Jointly controlled entities are entities where the Company shares control with other parties, and where an agreement between the parties ensures that strategic decisions on financial and operating policies are unanimous. This applies to companies where a shareholder agreement ensures joint control of the business. Associates are entities over which the Company has significant influence but not control. Significant influence normally exists where the Company’s investment represents between 20 and 50 per cent of the capital with voting rights. Investments in jointly controlled entities and associates are included in the company accounts using the cost method. Investments are written down to their fair value if the reduction in value is more than temporary and the write-down appears to be necessary in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
Trade receivables
Trade receivables and other receivables are reported at nominal value after deduction of loss provisions. Loss provisions are made on the basis of an individual assessment of each receivable.
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents consist of bank deposits and other short-term, highly liquid investments with an original term to maturity of no more than three months. The Company has an account in a group cash pooling arrangement and finances its subsidiaries’ liquidity requirements.
Non-current liabilities
Non-current liabilities are shown on the balance sheet at nominal value on the initial date. Premiums and discounts in connection with taking on non-current liabilities, as well as arrangement fees, are accrued over the period of the loan. Similarly, in the event of the repurchase of bonds, premiums and discounts are accrued over the remaining term to maturity for the relevant liabilities. All of the Company’s debt is subject to variable rates (including any fixed rate bonds, which are swapped to a variable rate). The Company has then used interest rate swaps to convert its debt to fixed rate loans with varying maturities. The Company accrues these interest-rate swaps in such a way that the fixed rate is expensed in the income statement. On the termination of interest rate swap agreements, the profit or loss is accrued over the remaining term to maturity of the agreement in question.
Entra Annual Report 2024 Entra Annual Report 2024 228 228
Financials | Parent company financial statements
Financials | Parent company financial statements
The Company has chosen to apply accounting principles which mean that changes in the value of the Company’s interest rate swaps are not recognised in the income statement. Hedged items are carried at their nominal value. In general, the Group’s financing is based on negative pledge clauses.
Pension
The Company has both a defined-benefit pension scheme and a defined-contribution pension-scheme. A defined- benefit pension scheme is a pension arrangement that defines the pension payment an employee will receive on retirement. The guarantee means that employees will receive at least 66 per cent of their pension qualifying salary. Any income over and above 12 times the National Insurance Scheme’s basic amount is not included in the qualifying salary. The pension benefit payable is based on the employee’s salary, average percentage of full-time equivalents and length of service (30 years’ service qualifies for a full pension). The recognised pension obligation relating to defined-benefit plans is the present value of the defined-benefit on the balance sheet date less the fair value of the plan assets. The gross pension obligation is calculated annually by an independent actuary using the projected credit unit method. The gross obligation is discounted using a discount rate based on bonds with preference rights, which mature around the same time as the related pension obligations. Changes to benefits payable under the pension plan are recognised in the income statement as they arise. Actuarial gains/losses resulting from new information or changes to actuarial assumptions are recognised against equity. Defined-contribution schemes comprise arrangements whereby the Company makes annual contributions to the employees’ pension plans, and where the future pension is determined by the amount of the contributions and the return on the pension plan assets. In the defined-contribution schemes, the cost is equal to the contributions to the employees’ pension savings in the accounting period and is recognised in the income statement in the period in which they accrue.
Tax
The tax expense consists of tax payable and deferred tax. Tax is charged to the income statement, except where it relates to items that are recognised directly in equity. In such cases, the tax is recognised directly in the balance sheet. Deferred tax is calculated using the liability method for all temporary differences between the tax values and accounting values of assets and liabilities. Deferred tax is calculated using tax rates and laws which are enacted or likely to be enacted on the balance sheet date, and which are expected to be used when the deferred tax asset is realised or when the deferred tax is utilised. A deferred tax asset is recognised to the extent that it is likely that future taxable profit will be available against which the temporary differences can be offset. In principle, deferred tax is not calculated on temporary differences arising from investments in subsidiaries.# Financials | Parent company financial statements
This does not apply in cases where the company is not in control of when the temporary differences will be reversed, and it is probable that they will be reversed in the foreseeable future. Statement of cash flows The statement of cash flows is prepared using the indirect method. This means that the statement is based on the Company’s profit before tax in order to present cash flows from operating, investing, and financing activities respectively. Dividends paid to shareholders are presented under financing activities. Dividends Dividend payments to the Company’s shareholders for the fiscal year are classified as debt at the balance sheet date. Group Entra ASA is the parent company of a group of companies.
Sales revenue
Sales revenue consists of property management services, project development services and administrative services provided to subsidiaries, associates and jointly controlled entities. All services are delivered in Norway.
Payroll and related costs
All amounts in NOK million
| 2024 | 2023 | |
|---|---|---|
| Salaries, performance-related pay and other taxable benefits | 231 | 237 |
| Employers' National Insurance contributions | 39 | 43 |
| Pension expenses | 15 | 15 |
| Other personnel costs | 16 | 12 |
| Total payroll and related costs | 301 | 307 |
Number of full-time equivalents 181 198
Number of employees at 31.12. 183 200
¹ Refer to Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements for information and details related to remuneration for Senior Executives and the Board of Directors.
Operating equipment
All amounts in NOK million
| 2024 | |
|---|---|
| Equipment Acquisition cost at 01.01.2024 | 24 |
| Acquisition | 2 |
| Acquisition cost at 31.12.2024 | 26 |
| Accumulated depreciation at 01.01.2024 | 16 |
| Depreciation | 3 |
| Accumulated depreciation at 31.12.2024 | 19 |
| Carrying amount at 31.12.2024 | 7 |
Anticipated useful life 3–5 years
Depreciation schedule linear
Other operating costs
All amounts in NOK million
| 2024 | 2023 | |
|---|---|---|
| Cost of renting premises | 24 | 25 |
| Consultancy fees | 18 | 13 |
| Office expenses and equipment | 25 | 29 |
| Other costs | 26 | 39 |
| Total other operating costs | 93 | 106 |
Auditor’s fee
All amounts in NOK thousand
| 2024 | 2023 | |
|---|---|---|
| Statutory audit | 1 528 | 1 547 |
| Other assurance services | 1 305 | 543 |
| Total auditor's fee (excl. VAT expense) | 2 834 | 2 090 |
Other financial income
All amounts in NOK million
| 2024 | 2023 | |
|---|---|---|
| Gain on sale of shares | 3 111 | 867 |
| Other interest income | 24 | 21 |
| Total other financial income | 3 135 | 889 |
Other financial costs
All amounts in NOK million
| 2024 | 2023 | |
|---|---|---|
| Amortisation of discounts on bond issuances | 66 | 64 |
| Commitment fees | 43 | 24 |
| Other fees and premiums | 23 | 27 |
| Impairment of financial assets | 372 | 1 955 |
| Other financial costs | 7 | 7 |
| Total other financial costs | 511 | 2 077 |
Tax
All amounts in NOK million
| 2024 | 2023 | |
|---|---|---|
| Tax expense | ||
| Change in deferred tax recognised in profit and loss | -89 | -78 |
| Total tax expense | -89 | -78 |
Income tax payable is calculated as follows
| 2024 | 2023 | |
|---|---|---|
| Profit before tax | 2 383 | -1 430 |
| Dividend received | -20 | -12 |
| Other permanent differences | -2 724 | 1 088 |
| Change in temporary differences | -56 | 48 |
| Change in losses carried forward | 418 | 305 |
| Profit for tax purposes | - | - |
| Tax payable (22%) | - | - |
Change in deferred tax (+)/deferred tax assets (-)
| 31.12.2022 | Recognised in profit and loss | Recognised in equity | 31.12.2023 | Recognised in profit and loss | Recognised in equity | 31.12.2024 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-current assets | -4 | - | - | -4 | 3 | - | -1 |
| Financial instruments | -2 | -9 | - | -11 | - | - | -12 |
| Gains/losses account | 14 | -5 | - | 9 | -2 | - | 7 |
| Provisions | -29 | 3 | -2 | -26 | 4 | 1 | -21 |
| Losses carried forward | -6 | -67 | -1 | -73 | -92 | 1 | -165 |
| Total | -27 | -78 | -1 | -107 | -87 | 1 | -192 |
Subsidiaries, jointly controlled entities and associates
Investments in subsidiaries, jointly controlled entities and associates are recognised using the cost-method.
Subsidiaries
| Name | Acquisition date | Business office | Shareholding/ voting rights % |
|---|---|---|---|
| Akersgata 34-36 AS | 01.06.2015 | Oslo | 100 |
| Biskop Gunnerus' gate 14A AS | 26.03.2001 | Oslo | 100 |
| Biskop Gunnerus' gate 6 AS | 05.01.2015 | Oslo | 100 |
| Brynsengfaret 4 og 6 AS | 01.01.2014 | Oslo | 100 |
| Brynsengfaret 6CD AS | 11.12.2019 | Oslo | 100 |
| Drammensveien 134 AS | 01.09.2016 | Oslo | 100 |
| Drammensveien 134 P-Hus AS | 01.09.2016 | Oslo | 100 |
| Drammensveien 134 Utearealer AS | 01.09.2016 | Oslo | 100 |
| Entra Bryn AS | 16.05.2018 | Oslo | 100 |
| Entra Eiendom AS | 24.04.2012 | Oslo | 100 |
| Entra Felleskost AS | 01.06.2015 | Oslo | 100 |
| Entra Kultur 1 AS | 28.02.2002 | Oslo | 100 |
| Entra Labs AS | 01.04.2020 | Oslo | 100 |
| Entra OPF Utvikling AS | 21.04.2012 | Oslo | 50 |
| Entra Service AS | 01.06.2015 | Oslo | 100 |
| Entra Utleie AS | 02.06.2005 | Oslo | 100 |
| Fredrik Selmers vei 4 AS | 01.06.2015 | Oslo | 100 |
| Fredrik Selmers vei 6 AS | 11.12.2019 | Oslo | 100 |
| Fyrstikkalléen 1 AS | 25.06.2021 | Oslo | 100 |
| Grensesvingen 26 AS | 11.12.2019 | Oslo | 100 |
| Hagegata 22-24 AS | 01.10.2008 | Oslo | 100 |
| Hardangerjøkulen AS | 12.01.2022 | Oslo | 100 |
| Holtermanns veg Utvikling AS | 02.01.2023 | Oslo | 100 |
| Kaigaten 9 AS | 11.12.2019 | Oslo | 100 |
| Keysers gate 13 AS | 11.12.2019 | Oslo | 100 |
| Kjørboparken AS | 21.12.2005 | Oslo | 100 |
| Kristian Augusts gate 13 AS | 20.01.2017 | Oslo | 100 |
| Lagårdsveien 6 AS | 18.11.2020 | Oslo | 100 |
| Langkaia 1 AS | 21.11.2003 | Oslo | 100 |
| Lars Hilles gate 19 AS | 05.07.2021 | Oslo | 100 |
| Lars Hilles gate 25 AS | 01.08.2016 | Oslo | 100 |
| Lilletorget 1 AS | 01.07.2014 | Oslo | 100 |
| Malmskriverveien 18-20 AS | 11.12.2019 | Oslo | 100 |
| Malmskriverveien 2-4 AS | 11.12.2019 | Oslo | 100 |
| Møllendalsveien 1A AS | 07.04.2021 | Oslo | 100 |
| Møllendalsveien 6-8 AS | 02.12.2019 | Oslo | 100 |
| Nils Hansens vei 20 AS | 03.04.2018 | Oslo | 100 |
| Nonnesetergaten 4 AS | 10.02.2003 | Oslo | 100 |
| Nygårdsgaten 93-97 AS | 11.05.2018 | Oslo | 100 |
| Otto Sverdrups plass 4 AS | 01.06.2015 | Oslo | 100 |
| Papirbredden Eiendom AS | 12.01.2011 | Oslo | 60 |
| Professor Olav Hanssens vei 10 AS | 20.10.2016 | Oslo | 100 |
| Schweigaards gate 15 AS | 20.09.2000 | Oslo | 100 |
| Schweigaards gate 16 AS | 20.02.2013 | Oslo | 100 |
| St. Olavs plass 5 AS | 04.12.2018 | Oslo | 100 |
| Stenersgata 1 AS | 19.02.2016 | Oslo | 100 |
| Stenersgata Parkering AS | 19.10.2016 | Oslo | 100 |
| Sundtkvartalet AS | 19.06.2014 | Oslo | 100 |
| Tordenskiolds gate 12 AS | 05.01.2015 | Oslo | 100 |
| Tullinkvartalet AS | 21.11.2011 | Oslo | 100 |
| Tvetenveien 22 AS | 11.12.2019 | Oslo | 100 |
| Universitetsgata 1-9 AS | 01.04.2012 | Oslo | 100 |
| Universitetsgata 2 AS | 03.09.2001 | Oslo | 100 |
| Vahls gate 1-3 AS | 27.04.2017 | Oslo | 100 |
| Valkendorfsgaten 6 AS | 05.01.2015 | Oslo | 100 |
| Verkstedveien 1 Monier AS | 01.09.2016 | Oslo | 100 |
| Verkstedveien 3 AS | 01.09.2016 | Oslo | 100 |
| Wexelsplass Garasje AS | 11.06.2012 | Oslo | 100 |
Jointly controlled entities
| Name | Acquisition date | Business office | Shareholding/ voting rights % |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oslo S Utvikling AS | 01.07.2004 | Oslo | 50 |
Associated companies
| Name | Acquisition date | Business office | Shareholding/ voting rights % |
|---|---|---|---|
| H 2 O Eiendom AS | 02.12.2019 | Oslo | 25 |
| Ullandhaug Energi AS | 07.07.2009 | Stavanger | 44 |
| Welcome Workdays AS | 07.07.2009 | Stavanger | 45 |
Receivables which fall due after more than one year
All amounts in NOK million
| 2024 | 2023 | |
|---|---|---|
| Loans to associates and jointly controlled entities | 16 | 43 |
| Loans to group companies | 9 644 | 11 444 |
| Other receivables | 5 | 7 |
| Total | 9 666 | 11 493 |
Related party transactions and intra-group balances
All amounts in NOK million
| Counterparty | 2024 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Transactions with related parties | ||
| Property management services | ||
| Subsidiaries | 125 | 115 |
| Project development services | ||
| Subsidiaries | 57 | 75 |
| General manager services | ||
| Subsidiaries | 1 | 2 |
| Accounting and management services | ||
| Subsidiaries | 15 | 13 |
| Accounting and management services | ||
| Jointly controlled entities | 4 | 4 |
| Rental cost | ||
| Subsidiaries | 19 | 21 |
| Group contribution/dividends | ||
| Subsidiaries | 1 050 | 1 212 |
| Dividends | ||
| Jointly controlled entities | 1 | 3 |
| Interest income | ||
| Subsidiaries | 448 | 363 |
| Interest expense | ||
| Subsidiaries | 209 | 129 |
| Receivables | ||
| Long-term loans to group companies | 9 644 | 11 444 |
| Trade receivables from group companies | 4 | 7 |
| Short-term receivables to group companies | 10 | 16 |
| Group contributions/dividends from subsidiaries | 1 038 | 1 212 |
| Total | 10 695 | 12 678 |
| Liabilities | ||
| Short-term liabilites to group companies | 4 346 | 4 670 |
| Total | 4 346 | 4 670 |
The Company has established a group cash pooling arrangement. The net bank deposits are presented as Entra ASA’s cash at bank. The Company has signed long-term loan agreements with its subsidiaries. Loans to subsidiaries are classified as current financial assets (short-term element) and non-current financial assets (long-term element). Loan from subsidiaries are classified as current liabilities.
Share capital and shareholder information
Entra’s share capital is NOK 182 132 055 divided into 182 132 055 shares, with each share having a par value of NOK 1.00. All the shares have been issued in accordance with the Norwegian Public Limited Companies Act and are fully paid. Entra has one class of shares. All shares provide equal rights, including the right to any dividends. Each of the shares carries one vote. There are no share options or other rights to subscribe for or acquire shares issued by Entra. At 31 December 2024, Entra owns none (none) of its own shares and has a total of 182 132 055 (182 132 055) shares outstanding. At 31 December 2024, Entra had 5 069 shareholders (4 947 shareholders). Norwegian investors held 13 per cent (12 per cent) of the share capital and foreign investors 87 per cent (88 per cent).# Financials | Parent company financial statements
Equity
All amounts in NOK million
| Equity | End of year 31.12.2022 | Profit for the year | Equity effect of actuarial gains and losses | Net equity effect of employee share schemes | End of year 31.12.2023 | Profit for the year | Equity effect of actuarial gains and losses | Net equity effect of employee share schemes | Equity at 31.12.2024 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Share capital | 182 | - | - | - | 182 | - | - | - | 182 |
| Own shares | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Share premium reserve | 2 595 | - | - | - | 2 595 | - | - | - | 2 595 |
| Other paid-in capital | 929 | - | - | - | 929 | - | - | - | 929 |
| Retained earnings | 292 | -1 352 | -6 | -3 | -1 069 | 2 471 | 10 | -1 | 1 411 |
| Total equity | 3 998 | -1 352 | -6 | -3 | 2 637 | 2 471 | 10 | -1 | 5 117 |
The Company has a share purchase scheme, offering all employees, including Senior Executives, the opportunity to purchase shares in Entra ASA at a discounted price. The shares are subject to two-year lock-in period. The purchase price in the employee offering was calculated as the volume weighted average share price the last 30 days (VWAP) until and including 22 April 2024 less a 25 per cent discount. A total of 60 854 shares were acquired and sold to the employees in connection with the share purchase scheme in May 2024. No shares were awarded to Senior Executives in 2024. Refer to note 26 in the consolidated financial statements for overviews of the 20 largest shareholders and shares held by the Board of Directors and Senior Executives.
Pension
All amounts in NOK million
The Company's pension scheme for new employees is a defined contribution scheme. The defined contribution scheme includes 177 (192) employees. The defined benefit pension scheme cover a total of 6 (6) current employees and 76 (74) pensioners. The Company also has a contractual early-retirement (AFP) from the age 62. At 31 December 2024, no former employees had chosen to make use of the AFP scheme, and no net pension liabilities associated with the AFP scheme were recognised. The Company's pension scheme satisfies the requirements of the Norwegian Act on Compulsory Occupational Pensions. The cost for the accounting period shows the employees’ pension entitlement of the agreed future pension in the financial year. The balance sheet liabilities have been calculated as follows:
| 2024 | 2023 | |
|---|---|---|
| Present value of accrued pension liabilities in defined-benefit schemes in unit trusts | 209 | 216 |
| Fair value of pension scheme assets | -149 | -141 |
| Employers' NICs accrued | 8 | 11 |
| Net pension liabilities on the balance sheet at 31.12 | 68 | 85 |
Total cost recognised in the income statement:
| 2024 | 2023 | |
|---|---|---|
| Cost of pension benefits accrued during current period | 1 | 1 |
| Contribution scheme and contractual early-retirement scheme | 15 | 16 |
| Total pension benefits accrued during the period | 16 | 17 |
| Net interest expense | 2 | 2 |
| Total pension benefits accrued in income statement | 18 | 19 |
| Actuarial losses (+) / gains (-) accrued in equity | -13 | 7 |
| Total pension benefits accrued | 4 | 26 |
The actuarial assumptions are based on generally accepted assumptions in the insurance industry with regards to demographic factors. The pension scheme assets are invested in goverments bonds.
Borrowings and other financial instruments
All amounts in NOK million
| Carrying amount 2024 | Nominal value 2024 | Carrying amount 2023 | Nominal value 2023 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Non-current borrowings | |||
| Bank loans | 8 580 | 8 598 | 21 732 |
| Bond loans | 13 187 | 13 438 | 14 720 |
| Total non-current borrowings | 21 767 | 22 036 | 36 452 |
| Current borrowings | |||
| Bank loans | 4 175 | 4 175 | 10 |
| Bond loans | 1 600 | 1 600 | 924 |
| Commercial papers | 2 150 | 2 150 | - |
| Total current borrowings | 7 925 | 7 925 | 934 |
Maturity structure of non-current borrowings
| Year | Nominal value 2024 | Nominal value 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | - | 7 110 |
| 2026 | 9 179 | 16 816 |
| 2027 | 3 042 | 3 059 |
| 2028 | 2 000 | 2 000 |
| 2029 | 4 100 | 4 100 |
| Later than 5 years | 3 715 | 3 715 |
| Total | 22 036 | 36 800 |
Unutilised credit facilities
At 31 December 2024, the maturity structure of the Company's unutilised credit facilities was as follows:
| MATURITY STRUCTURE OF COMMITTED, UNUTILISED CREDIT FACILITIES | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Loan amount 2024 | Loan amount 2023 | |
| 2024 | - | - | |
| 2025 | 1 335 | - | |
| 2026 | 12 810 | 6 473 | |
| 2027 | - | - | |
| 2028 | - | - | |
| 2029 | - | - | |
| Total | 14 145 | 6 473 |
Special terms and conditions in Entra ASA’s loan agreements
In general, the financing is based on negative pledge clauses.
Loans and interest rate hedges
Interest rate hedging at the Company is part of the Group’s overall risk management, and must be viewed in that context. Interest-rate positions should support the company’s strategic development, risk profile and anticipated future market interest rates based on the Group’s interest rate view. The Group’s guidelines on managing interest rate risk are expressed as a preferred interest rate structure (standard portfolio). At 31 December 2024 the weighted average remaining term to maturity was 2.5 years (2.6 years). The Company’s average nominal interest rate was 3.9 per cent (4.2 per cent) at 31 December 2024.
THE COMPANY’S PORTFOLIO OF LOANS AND INTEREST RATE HEDGES HAVE THE FOLLOWING INTEREST RATE MATURITY PROFILE
| Forward starting swaps | Amount | Interest rate (%) | Tenor (years) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fixed interest 2024 | 12 582 | 1 400 | 2.51 |
| Up to 1 year | 44% | ||
| 1–2 years | 14% | 4 129 | - |
| 2–4 years | 14% | 4 050 | - |
| 4–6 years | 20% | 5 700 | - |
| 6–8 years | 5% | 1 300 | - |
| Over 8 years | 3% | 800 | - |
| Total | 100% | 28 561 | 1 400 |
1 The table displays future starting point, notional principle amount, average fixed rate and tenor for forward starting swaps. The effect of interest rate hedges is shown in the income statement. The fair value of the Company’s portfolio of interest rate hedges is not shown on the balance sheet.
Interest-bearing debt associated with hedging activities
The Company uses interest rate derivatives and fixed rate loans to manage the interest rate risk associated with the company's interest-bearing debt financing. The Company’s borrowings consists of bank loans, as well as commercial paper and bonds. The bank loans and commercial papers are subject to variable and short-term fixed interest rates, respectively. Certificate of deposit has a fixed interest rate with a maturity within one year. The Company has issued both fixed-rate and variable-rate bonds. Outstanding fixed-rate bonds are hedged using fixed-to-variable interest rate swaps. As a result, the hedged bonds are classified as part of the company’s portfolio of variable rate loans. Fixed rate bonds without hedging amounted to 5 329 million as of per 31 December 2024. These bonds are fixed rate and is included as part of the company's cash flow hedges.
Not value hedged fixed rate bonds in 2024
| Maturity | Nominal value | Market value | ISIN |
|---|---|---|---|
| 22.05.2026 | 279 | 270 | NO0010852684 |
| 21.04.2028 | 1 000 | 894 | NO0010895964 |
| 28.11.2025 | 1 000 | 972 | NO0011011256 |
| 10.09.2026 | 1 150 | 1 084 | NO0011094633 |
| 10.09.2029 | 1 900 | 1 642 | NO0011094641 |
| Total | 5 329 | 4 862 |
The Company’s exposure to variable interest rates is hedged for cash flow risk using variable-to-fixed interest rate swaps.
Cash flow hedging
The Company’s debt is directly or indirectly subject to variable interest rates. The Company uses variable-to-fixed interest rate derivatives to manage the Company’s interest rate risk. Cash flows are hedged by matching the terms and volumes of the interest rate derivatives with the expected maturity profile of the Company’s interest-bearing debt. The expected maturity profile of the Company's interest-bearing debt is based on an assessment of the need to refinance existing debt and to obtain additional financing. The table on the next page shows that after taking into account cash flow hedges, 58 per cent (53 per cent) of the Company’s interest-bearing liabilities are effectively subject to fixed interest rates. Changes in NIBOR rates will therefore affect the interest expense on 42 per cent (47 per cent) of the company’s interest-bearing debt.
| 2024 | 2023 | |
|---|---|---|
| Hedged item | ||
| Variable interest rate liabilities | 29 961 | 37 734 |
| Hedge | ||
| Interest rate swaps (variable-to-fixed) | 17 379 | 20 079 |
| Hedge ratio (unhedged position) | 12 582 | 17 655 |
| Hedge ratio (% hedged) | 58% | 53% |
Changes in the cash flow hedges over the financial year
| 2024 | 2023 | |
|---|---|---|
| Opening balance – market value of liability | -578 | -549 |
| Change in value | -219 | -28 |
| Closing balance – market value of liability | -797 | -578 |
The fair value of the Company’s interest rate swaps used as cash flow hedges specifies the present value of the contractual fixed-interest rate agreements. The present value represents the market value of the Company’s liabilities to the counterparty of the interest rate swaps. The change in value over the financial year represents the change in the market value of liabilities. The reason for the increase in the Company's market value of liabilities for financial year 2024 is mainly due to higher interest rate.# Financials
Statement from the Board and the CEO
On this date, the Board of Directors and the CEO have considered and approved the annual report, including the annual financial statements for Entra ASA, the Group and the parent company, for the 2024 financial year and as of 31 December 2024. We declare to the best of our knowledge that the consolidated financial statements for the Group for 2024 have been prepared in accordance with IFRS and IFRICs as adopted by the European Union, and additional Norwegian disclosure requirements in the Norwegian Accounting Act, and that the financial statements for the parent company for 2024 have been prepared in accordance with the Norwegian Accounting Act and generally accepted accounting practice in Norway, and that the information presented in the financial statements gives a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and results for the Group and the parent company for period as a whole, and that the Board of Directors’ Report includes a true and fair review of the development, performance and financial position of the Group and the parent company, together with a description of the principal risks and uncertainties that they face.
Oslo, 13 March 2025
The Board of Entra ASA
This document is signed electronically
Ottar Ertzeid
Chair of the Board
Hege Toft Karlsen
Vice Chair
Ewa Wassberg
Board member
Joacim Sjöberg
Board member
Widar Salbuvik
Board member
Camilla AC Tepfers
Board member
Nina Eriksen
Board member
Glenn Thomas Gustavsen
Board member
Sonja Horn
CEO
Auditor’s report
Sustainability assurance report
Alternative performance measures
Entra’s financial information is prepared in accordance with the international financial reporting standards (IFRS®). In addition, the company reports alternative performance measures (APMs) that are regularly reviewed by management to enhance the understanding of Entra’s performance as a supplement, but not as a substitute, to the financial statements prepared in accordance with IFRS. Financial APMs are intended to enhance comparability of the results and cash flows from period to period, and it is Entra’s experience that these are frequently used by analysts, investors and other parties. The financial APMs reported by Entra are the APMs that, in management’s view, provide the most relevant supplemental information of a real estate company’s financial position and performance. These measures are adjusted IFRS measures defined, calculated and used in a consistent and transparent manner over the years. Operational measures such as, but not limited to, net letting, vacancy and WAULT are not defined as financial APMs according to ESMA’s guidelines.
Entra’s financial APMs:
* Net Income from property management
* Cash Earnings
* Net value changes
* Market value of the property portfolio
* Net nominal interest-bearing debt
* Effective leverage
* Interest coverage ratio (ICR)
* Net interest-bearing debt / EBITDA
* Net operating income
* EPRA Earnings
* EPRA Net Asset Value metrics – EPRA NRV, EPRA NTA and EPRA NDV
* EPRA Net Initial Yield
* EPRA Cost Ratio
* EPRA LTV (Loan-to-Value)
Net income from property management & cash earnings
| All amounts in NOK million | ||
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 2023 | |
| Net income¹ | 1 121 | 977 |
| Add: Net income from discontinued operations | 155 | 307 |
| Less: Net results from residential development in associates and JVs | -33 | -47 |
| Less: Value changes in associates and JVs | -9 | -29 |
| Less: Tax from associates and JVs | 10 | 4 |
| Net income from property management | 1 308 | 1 356 |
| Tax payable | -13 | -13 |
| Cash Earnings | 1 295 | 1 342 |
| Average outstanding shares (million) | 182.1 | 182.1 |
| Cash Earnings per share | 7.11 | 7.37 |
¹ The calculation of Net operating income is not presented below as it is included in the Statement of comprehensive income.
Net value changes
| All amounts in NOK million | ||
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 2023 | |
| Changes in value of investment properties | -1 820 | -7 848 |
| Changes in value of investment properties discontinued operations | -74 | -300 |
| Gain on sale of discontinued operations | 397 | - |
| Changes in value of financial instruments | 165 | -4 |
| Net value changes | -1 332 | -8 152 |
Market value of the property portfolio
| All amounts in NOK million | ||
|---|---|---|
| 31.12.2024 | 31.12.2023 | |
| Investment properties | 60 471 | 68 470 |
| Investment properties held for sale | - | 1 020 |
| Contract assets | 522 | - |
| Other | 77 | 31 |
| Market value of the property portfolio | 61 070 | 69 520 |
Net nominal interest bearing debt
| All amounts in NOK million | ||
|---|---|---|
| 31.12.2024 | 31.12.2023 | |
| Borrowings | 31 396 | 39 115 |
| Unamortised borrowing costs | 269 | 348 |
| Nominal value of interest-bearing debt | 31 665 | 39 463 |
| Cash and bank deposits | -264 | -171 |
| Net nominal interest-bearing debt | 31 400 | 39 291 |
Effective leverage
| All amounts in NOK million except ratio | ||
|---|---|---|
| 31.12.2024 | 31.12.2023 | |
| Borrowings | 31 396 | 39 578 |
| Other interest-bearing liabilities | 390 | 463 |
| Total debt | 31 786 | 39 115 |
| Total assets | 64 451 | 73 336 |
| Effective leverage | 49.3% | 54.0% |
Interest coverage ratio (icr)
| All amounts in NOK million except ratio | ||
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 2023 | |
| Net income | 1 121 | 977 |
| Depreciation | 4 | 4 |
| Results from associates and joint ventures | 42 | 72 |
| Net realised financials | 1 518 | 1 616 |
| EBITDA discontinued operations | 157 | 312 |
| EBITDA | 2 843 | 2 981 |
| Interest cost | 1 447 | 1 592 |
| Commitment fees | 43 | 24 |
| Applicable interest cost | 1 490 | 1 616 |
| Interest Coverage Ratio (ICR) | 1.91 | 1.84 |
NET INTEREST BEARING DEBT / EBITDA
| All amounts in NOK million except ratio | ||
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 2023 | |
| Net nominal interest-bearing debt | 31 400 | 39 291 |
| EBITDA | 2 843 | 2 981 |
| Conversion to rolling EBITDA (discontinued operations) | -157 | - |
| Applicable EBITDA | 2 686 | 2 981 |
| Net interest-bearing debt / EBITDA | 11.7 | 13.2 |
EPRA performance measures and core recommendations
The following performance indicators have been prepared in accordance with best practices as defined by EPRA (European Public Real Estate Association) in the Best Practices Recommendations Guildelines published in 2022. The EPRA Best Practices Recommendations Guidelines focus on making the financial statements of public real estate companies clearer and more comparable across Europe.
| Summary EPRA performance measures | Unit | 2024 / 31.12.2024 | 2023 / 31.12.2023 |
|---|---|---|---|
| A EPRA earnings per share (EPS) | NOK | 5.13 | 5.37 |
| B EPRA NRV per share | NOK | 162 | 167 |
| EPRA NTA per share | NOK | 160 | 165 |
| EPRA NDV per share | NOK | 134 | 136 |
| C EPRA net initial yield | % | 4.95 | 4.95 |
| EPRA, 'topped-up' net initial yield | % | 4.95 | 4.95 |
| D EPRA vacancy rate | % | 5.8 | 4.8 |
| E EPRA cost ratio (including direct vacancy costs | % | 14.0 | 12.9 |
| EPRA cost ratio (excluding direct vacancy costs) | % | 12.5 | 11.3 |
| F EPRA LTV | % | 52.9 | 57.2 |
The details for the calculation of the key figures are shown in tables on the following pages.
A. EPRA Earnings
EPRA Earnings is a measure of the operational performance of the property portfolio. EPRA Earnings is calculated based on the income statement, adjusted for non-controlling interests, value changes on investment properties, changes in the market value of financial instruments and the associated tax effects.# Financials | Alternative performance measures
B. EPRA Net Asset Value metrics
Net Asset Value (NAV) is the total equity that the company manages for its owners. Net asset value can be calculated in different ways, where the difference mainly is explained by the expected turnover of the property portfolio.
EPRA Net Reinstatement Value (NRV)
The objective of the EPRA NRV measure is to highlight the value of net assets on a long-term basis and assumes that no divestment of assets takes place. Assets and liabilities that are not expected to crystallise in normal circumstances such as the fair value movements on financial derivatives and deferred taxes on property valuation surpluses are therefore excluded. Real estate transfer taxes are generally not levied on property transactions in Norway, and such taxes are accordingly not included in Entra’s valuation certificates. Consequently, no adjustment is done for real estate transfer taxes in Entra’s calculation of EPRA NRV.
| All amounts in NOK million | 31.12.2024 | 31.12.2023 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Attributable to non- controlling interests | Attributable to share- holders (EPRA NRV) | Total | Attributable to non- controlling interests | Attributable to share- holders (EPRA NRV) | |
| IFRS equity | 25 557 | -1 755 | 23 802 | 25 555 | -1 775 | 23 779 |
| Revaluation of investments made in JVs | 27 | - | 27 | 72 | - | 72 |
| Net Asset Value (NAV) at fair value | 25 584 | -1 755 | 23 829 | 25 626 | -1 775 | 23 851 |
| Deferred tax properties and financial instr. | 6 494 | -304 | 6 190 | 7 253 | -324 | 6 928 |
| Net fair value on financial derivatives | -584 | - | -584 | -423 | -1 | -424 |
| EPRA Net Reinstatement Value (NRV) | 31 494 | -2 060 | 29 434 | 32 456 | -2 101 | 30 356 |
| Outstanding shares at period end (million) | 182.1 | 182.1 | 182.1 | 182.1 | ||
| EPRA NRV per share (NOK) | 162 | 167 | 167 | 167 |
EPRA Net Tangible Assets (NTA)
The EPRA NTA is focused on reflecting a company’s tangible assets and assumes that entities buy and sell assets, thereby crystallising certain levels of unavoidable deferred tax liability. Entra has adopted the second option in the EPRA BPR guidelines to adjust for deferred tax, estimating the real tax liability based how the company has completed property transactions in recent years.
| All amounts in NOK million | 31.12.2024 | 31.12.2023 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Attributable to non- controlling interests | Attributable to share- holders (EPRA NTA) | Total | Attributable to non- controlling interests | Attributable to share- holders (EPRA NTA) | |
| IFRS equity | 25 557 | -1 755 | 23 802 | 25 555 | -1 775 | 23 779 |
| Revaluation of purchase option | 27 | - | 27 | 72 | - | 72 |
| Net Asset Value (NAV) at fair value | 25 584 | -1 755 | 23 829 | 25 626 | -1 775 | 23 851 |
| Reversal deferred tax as per balance sheet | 6 071 | -268 | 5 802 | 6 896 | -272 | 6 624 |
| Adjustment estimated real tax liability | 81 | -23 | 58 | -28 | -35 | -63 |
| Net fair value on financial derivatives | -584 | - | -584 | -423 | -1 | -424 |
| EPRA Net Tangible Assets (NTA) | 31 152 | -2 047 | 29 105 | 32 071 | -2 083 | 29 988 |
| Outstanding shares at period end (million) | 182.1 | 182.1 | 182.1 | 182.1 | ||
| EPRA NTA per share (NOK) | 160 | 165 | 165 | 165 |
Estimated real tax liability
The Group’s estimated real deferred tax liability related to temporary differences of properties has been calculated based on the assumption that 50 per cent of the property portfolio is realised over 50 years in transactions structured as sale of properties in corporate wrappers with an average tax discount of 6.5 per cent, and by using a discount rate of 5.0 per cent. Further, the real tax liability related to the gains/losses account is estimated by assuming an amortisation of 20 per cent annually and a discount rate of 5.0 per cent.
| All amounts in NOK million | 31.12.2024 | 31.12.2023 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. tax liability | Real tax liability | Nom. tax liability | Real tax liability | |
| Non-current assets | 6 377 | 344 | 7 172 | 387 |
| Financial instruments | 117 | - | 81 | - |
| Current assets | 55 | 55 | 51 | 51 |
| Gains/losses account | 6 | 5 | 8 | 7 |
| Provisions | -80 | -80 | -82 | -82 |
| Loss carried forward | -405 | -405 | -334 | -334 |
| Deferred tax liability | 6 071 | -81 | 6 896 | 28 |
EPRA Net Disposal Value (NDV)
The EPRA NDV measure illustrates a scenario where deferred tax, financial instruments, and certain other adjustments are calculated as to the full extent of their liability. This enables readers of financial reports to understand the full extent of liabilities and resulting shareholder value under an orderly sale of business and/or if liabilities are not held until maturity. The measure should not be viewed as a “liquidation NAV” for Entra, as fair values may not represent liquidation values, and as an immediate realisation of Entra’s assets may be structured as sale of property-owning companies, resulting in the deferred tax liabilities only partially crystallising.
| All amounts in NOK million | 31.12.2024 | 31.12.2023 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Attributable to non- controlling interests | Attributable to share- holders (EPRA NDV) | Total | Attributable to non- controlling interests | Attributable to share- holders (EPRA NDV) | |
| IFRS equity | 25 557 | -1 755 | 23 802 | 25 555 | -1 775 | 23 779 |
| Revaluation of purchase option | 27 | - | 27 | 72 | - | 72 |
| Net Asset Value (NAV) at fair value | 25 584 | -1 755 | 23 829 | 25 626 | -1 775 | 23 851 |
| Fair value adj. fixed interest rate debt, net of tax | 513 | - | 513 | 956 | - | 956 |
| EPRA Net Disposal Value (NDV) | 26 097 | -1 755 | 24 342 | 26 582 | -1 775 | 24 807 |
| Outstanding shares at period end (million) | 182.1 | 182.1 | 182.1 | 182.1 | ||
| EPRA NDV per share (NOK) | 134 | 136 | 136 | 136 |
C. EPRA Net Initial Yield
EPRA Net Initial Yield (NIY) measures the annualised rental income based on the cash rents passing at the balance sheet date, less non-recoverable property operating expenses, divided by the market value of the property, increased with (estimated) purchasers’ costs. EPRA “topped-up” NIY incorporates an adjustment to the EPRA NIY in respect of the expiration of rent-free periods (or other unexpired lease incentives such as discounted rent periods and step rents).
| All amounts in NOK million | Oslo | Bergen | Sandvika | Drammen | Stavanger | Total 31.12.24 | Total 31.12.23 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Investment property – wholly owned | 46 188 | 3 435 | 4 498 | - | 1 498 | 56 124 | 64 533 |
| Investment property – share of JVs | - | 1 428 | - | 1 254 | - | 2 682 | 2 706 |
| Total property portfolio | 46 188 | 4 863 | 4 498 | 1 254 | 1 498 | 58 805 | 67 239 |
| Less projects and land and developments | -1 381 | -760 | -95 | - | -31 | -2 771 | -3 086 |
| Completed management portfolio | 44 807 | 4 103 | 4 404 | 1 254 | 1 467 | 56 035 | 64 153 |
| Allowance for estimated purchasers’ cost | 65 | 10 | 13 | 3 | 3 | 95 | 116 |
| Gross up completed management portfolio valuation | 44 872 | 4 113 | 4 417 | 1 257 | 1 470 | 56 130 | 64 269 |
| 12 months rolling rent | 2 293 | 222 | 272 | 79 | 96 | 2 962 | 3 402 |
| Estimated ownership cost | 141 | 17 | 14 | 5 | 8 | 186 | 217 |
| Annualised net rents | 2 152 | 205 | 258 | 74 | 88 | 2 777 | 3 184 |
| Add: Notional rent expiration of rent-free periods or other lease incentives | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Topped up net annualised net rents | 2 152 | 205 | 258 | 74 | 88 | 2 777 | 3 184 |
| EPRA NIY | 4.80% | 4.99% | 5.83% | 5.85% | 6.00% | 4.95% | 4.95% |
| EPRA "topped-up" NIY | 4.80% | 4.99% | 5.83% | 5.85% | 6.00% | 4.95% | 4.95% |
D. EPRA Vacancy Rate
Estimated Market Rental Value (ERV) of vacant space divided by the ERV of the whole portfolio. All figures are adjusted for actual share of ownership of each property.
| All amounts in NOK million | Oslo | Bergen | Sandvika | Drammen | Stavanger | Total 31.12.24 | Total 31.12.23 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Market rent vacant areas | 160 | 16 | 19 | 3 | 1 | 199 | 180 |
| Total market rent | 2 676 | 272 | 277 | 78 | 106 | 3 409 | 3 716 |
| EPRA vacancy rate | 6.0% | 5.9% | 6.9% | 3.7% | 0.5% | 5.8% | 4.8% |
E. EPRA Cost Ratio
Administrative & operating costs (including & excluding costs of direct vacancy) divided by gross rental income.
| All amounts in NOK million | 2024 | 2023 |
|---|---|---|
| Operating costs | -276 | -282 |
| Administrative costs¹ | -199 | -185 |
| Less: Ground rent cost | 16 | 15 |
| EPRA cost (including direct vacancy cost) | -459 | -452 |
| Direct vacancy cost | -50 | -50 |
| EPRA cost (excluding direct vacancy cost) | -409 | -403 |
| Gross rental income less ground rent | 3 267 | 3 418 |
| Total gross rental income less ground rent | 3 267 | 3 418 |
| EPRA cost ratio (including direct vacancy cost) | 14.0% | 13.2% |
| EPRA cost ratio (excluding direct vacancy cost) | 12.5% | 11.8% |
¹ Refer to note 13 to the consolidated financial statements for specification of personnel costs capitalised on projects under development, reflecting work performed to give rise to additional future economic benefits.# Entra Annual Report 2024
Financials | Alternative performance measures
F. EPRA LTV
Loan-to-Value (LTV) is an expression of the gearing of a company. The main overarching concepts in EPRA LTV are: (1) any capital which is not equity (i.e. which value accrues to the shareholders of the company) is considered as debt irrespective of its IFRS classification, (2) assets are included at fair value, net debt at nominal value, and (3) the EPRA LTV is calculated based on proportional consolidation (i.e. include the Group’s share in the net debt and net assets of joint ventures and material associates). Entra has included its share of net debt and net assets in all joint ventures. In the periods disclosed below, Entra has no material associated companies.
| 31.12.2024 Proportionate consolidation | 31.12.2024 | 31.12.2023 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All amounts in NOK million except ratio | Group as reported | Share of joint ventures | Non-contr. interests | Combined EPRA LTV | Combined EPRA LTV |
| Bond loans | 16 138 | - | - | 16 138 | 17 062 |
| Bank loans | 13 377 | 1 174 | -242 | 14 309 | 22 787 |
| Commercial papers | 2 150 | - | - | 2 150 | - |
| Net payables | 1 -50 | 141 | -12 | 79 | 262 |
| Cash and bank deposits | -264 | -38 | 28 | -274 | -202 |
| Net debt | 31 351 | 1 278 | -226 | 32 403 | 39 908 |
| Investment properties | 60 471 | 114 | -2 264 | 58 321 | 66 309 |
| Properties held for sale | 2 495 | 2 110 | - | 2 606 | 3 159 |
| Other financial assets (equity instruments) | 292 | - | - | 292 | 279 |
| Total property value | 61 258 | 2 224 | -2 264 | 61 218 | 69 747 |
| EPRA LTV (Net debt/Total property value) | 51.2% | 52.9% | 57.2% |
¹ Net payables include trade payables, other current and non-current liabilities, trade receivables, and other receivables and other assets, excluding financial assets
² Properties held for sale include investment properties held for sale and inventory properties, i.e. properties classified as inventories as they are held with the intent to be sold in the future
CAPITAL EXPENDITURE
| 2024 | 2023 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All amounts in NOK million | Group as reported | Non-contr. interests | Group share | Group as reported |
| Acquisitions ¹ | - | - | - | - |
| Developments ² | 1 064 | -1 | 1 063 | 1 503 |
| Newbuild projects ³ | 464 | - | 464 | 212 |
| Redevelopment projects ⁴ | 318 | -1 | 317 | 1 101 |
| Refurbishment projects ⁴ | 282 | - | 282 | 190 |
| Investment properties | 352 | -13 | 339 | 262 |
| No incremental lettable space and tenant incentives | 219 | -3 | 216 | 188 |
| Other material non-allocated types of expenditure | 133 | -10 | 123 | 74 |
| Capitalised interest | 31 | - | 31 | 60 |
| Total Capital Expenditure | 1 447 | -14 | 1 433 | 1 825 |
| Conversion from accrual to cash basis | 102 | 1 | 103 | -53 |
| Total Capital Expenditure on cash basis | 1 550 | -13 | 1 537 | 1 773 |
¹ Refer to the Transactions and transaction market section in this annual report for an overview of the acquisitions
² Refer to the Projects and property development section in this annual report for a description of the Group’s newbuild, redevelopment and refurbishment projects
³ Includes investments in the contract asset Holtermanns veg 1–13 phase 3
⁴ Also includes tenant alterations and maintenance capex when this is done as a part of asset redevelopment or refurbishment.
The 'Group share' in the table above reflects property-related capital expenditures on a proportionally consolidated basis; this excludes the non-controlling interests’ share of capital expenditures and includes Entra’s share of capital expenditures in joint ventures and associates. None of Entra’s joint ventures or associated companies had investment property- related capital expenditures during the years presented above.
LIKE-FOR-LIKE RENTAL GROWTH
| Total Rental income 2023 | Like-for-like portfolio | Project development | Acquisitions and divestments | Total Rental income 2024 | Change | YoY change | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All amounts in NOK million except YoY change | |||||||
| Rental income | 3 189 | 57 | -286 | 3 418 | 3 267 | 78 | 2.4% |
| -151 | -4.4% |
Appendices
List of properties
The following table sets forth the properties with management area as of 31 December 2023.
| Property name | City | Type of asset | Share of ownership | Occupancy | Manage- ment area | Project area | Land & dev. area | Total area |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Akersgata 34 og 36 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 51.2% | 6 144 | 6 144 | ||
| Allehelgens gate 6 | Bergen | Office | 50% | 100.0% | 14 104 | 14 104 | ||
| Biskop Gunnerus' gate 14 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 96.3% | 50 706 | 50 706 | ||
| Biskop Gunnerus' gate 6 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 100.0% | 9 300 | 9 300 | ||
| Brynsengfaret 6 C | Oslo | Residential | 100% | 100.0% | 353 | 353 | ||
| Brynsveien 11-13 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 82.9% | 12 401 | 12 401 | ||
| Brynsveien 5 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 83.6% | 6 127 | 6 127 | ||
| Christian Krohgs gate 10-12 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 100.0% | 5 480 | 5 480 | ||
| Christian Krohgs gate 2 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 89.5% | 12 867 | 8 600 | 21 467 | |
| Drammensveien 131 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 100.0% | 13 098 | 13 098 | ||
| Drammensveien 134 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 91.3% | 20 933 | 20 933 | ||
| Fredrik Selmers vei 4 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 100.0% | 38 027 | 18 500 | 56 527 | |
| Fredrik Selmers vei 6 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 78.2% | 14 684 | 14 684 | ||
| Fyrstikkallèen 1 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 99.9% | 39 640 | 39 640 | ||
| Grensesvingen 26 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 98.8% | 18 168 | 18 168 | ||
| Grensesvingen 7 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 91.6% | 21 880 | 12 000 | 33 880 | |
| Grønland 51 | Drammen | Office | 60% | 96.3% | 14 780 | 14 780 | ||
| Grønland 53 | Drammen | Office | 60% | 94.0% | 11 557 | 11 557 | ||
| Grønland 56 | Drammen | Office | 60% | 100.0% | 504 | 504 | ||
| Grønland 58 | Drammen | Education | 60% | 100.0% | 21 474 | 21 474 | ||
| Grønland 60 | Drammen | Culture | 60% | 93.0% | 8 728 | 8 728 | ||
| Hagegata 22 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 93.2% | 26 876 | 26 876 | ||
| Henriks Ibsens gate 110 | Oslo | Culture | 100% | 100.0% | 19 227 | 19 227 | ||
| Kaigaten 9 | Bergen | Office | 100% | 100.0% | 9 990 | 9 990 | ||
| Property name | City | Type of asset | Share of ownership | Occupancy | Manage- ment area | Project area | Land & dev. area | Total area |
| Karenslyst allé 7 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 97.2% | 9 842 | 9 842 | ||
| Keysers gate 15 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 100.0% | 1 761 | 1 761 | ||
| Kjørbo gård | Sandvika | Office | 100% | 100.0% | 1 736 | 1 736 | ||
| Kjørboveien 12-26 | Sandvika | Office | 100% | 100.0% | 25 601 | 25 601 | ||
| Kjørboveien 3 | Sandvika | Other | 100% | 100.0% | 16 353 | 16 353 | ||
| Kjørboveien 33 | Sandvika | Office | 100% | 100.0% | 14 676 | 14 676 | ||
| Kreftings gate 33 | Drammen | Office | 60% | 72.7% | 3 890 | 3 890 | ||
| Kristian Augusts gate 13 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 100.0% | 4 101 | 4 101 | ||
| Kristian Augusts gate 15-17 | Oslo | Education | 100% | 99.3% | 21 156 | 21 156 | ||
| Kristian Augusts gate 21 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 100.0% | 1 593 | 1 593 | ||
| Lagårdsveien 6 | Stavanger | Office | 100% | 100.0% | 16 996 | 16 996 | ||
| Lakkegata 53 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 89.9% | 31 670 | 31 670 | ||
| Langkaia 1A | Oslo | Office | 100% | 99.3% | 39 477 | 39 477 | ||
| Lars Hilles gate 19 | Bergen | Office | 100% | 62.6% | 6 536 | 6 536 | ||
| Lars Hilles gate 30 | Bergen | Office | 50% | 98.1% | 45 706 | 45 706 | ||
| Lilletorget 1 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 77.2% | 14 867 | 14 867 | ||
| Løkketangen 2-14B | Sandvika | Office | 100% | 85.3% | 18 170 | 18 170 | ||
| Malmskriverveien 16 | Sandvika | Education | 100% | 100.0% | 2 909 | 2 909 | ||
| Malmskriverveien 18-20 | Sandvika | Office | 100% | 99.3% | 8 981 | 8 981 | ||
| Malmskriverveien 4 | Sandvika | Office | 100% | 52.1% | 3 861 | 3 861 | ||
| Munchs gate 4 / Keysers gate 13 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 100.0% | 10 980 | 10 980 | ||
| Møllendalsveien 1 A | Bergen | Office | 100% | 81.3% | 6 095 | 6 095 | ||
| Møllendalsveien 6-8 | Bergen | Office | 100% | 94.3% | 15 724 | 15 724 | ||
| Nedre Vollgate 11 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 100.0% | 9 149 | 9 149 | ||
| Property name | City | Type of asset | Share of ownership | Occupancy | Manage- ment area | Project area | Land & dev. area | Total area |
| Nils Hansens vei 20 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 55.9% | 3 149 | 3 149 | ||
| Nygårdsgaten 91 | Bergen | Office | 100% | 95.1% | 12 068 | 12 068 | ||
| Observatoriegata 1 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 99.5% | 7 073 | 7 073 | ||
| Observatoriegata 1 - Magasinet | Oslo | Culture | 100% | 100.0% | 9 593 | 9 593 | ||
| Otto Sverdrups plass 4 | Sandvika | Education | 100% | 83.7% | 16 038 | 16 038 | ||
| Pilestredet 33 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 94.0% | 21 004 | 21 004 | ||
| Professor Olav Hanssens vei 10 | Stavanger | Office | 100% | 99.2% | 37 219 | 29 500 | 66 719 | |
| Schweigaards gate 15 (Tollgaarden) | Oslo | Office | 100% | 93.5% | 22 817 | 22 817 | ||
| Schweigaards gate 15 B | Oslo | Office | 100% | 99.5% | 14 510 | 14 510 | ||
| Schweigaards gate 16 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 100.0% | 15 497 | 15 497 | ||
| Schweigaards gate 6-14 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 83.0% | 25 944 | 25 944 | ||
| St. Olavs plass 5 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 99.9% | 16 433 | 16 433 | ||
| Stenersgata 1 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 90.2% | 39 150 | 39 150 | ||
| Storgata 51 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 51.5% | 10 935 | 10 935 | ||
| Tordenskiolds gate 12 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 97.1% | 12 975 | 12 975 | ||
| Tullins gate 2 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 100.0% | 6 909 | 6 909 | ||
| Tvetenveien 22 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 100.0% | 4 126 | 4 126 | ||
| Universitetsgata 2 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 97.5% | 28 648 | 28 648 | ||
| Universitetsgata 7 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 100.0% | 22 076 | 22 076 | ||
| Vahls gate 1-3 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 100.0% | 14 857 | 14 857 | ||
| Valkendorfsgaten 6 | Bergen | Office | 100% | 95.5% | 13 261 | 13 261 | ||
| Verkstedveien 1 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 97.9% | 31 689 | 31 689 | ||
| Verkstedveien 3 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 43.9% | 8 385 | 8 385 | ||
| Vestfjordgaten 4 | Sandvika | Office | 100% | 100.0% | 23 765 | 23 765 | ||
| Wexels plass | Oslo | Other | 100% | 92.0% | 1 035 | 1 035 | ||
| Østensjøveien 39-41 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 73.2% | 5 666 | 5 666 | ||
| Østensjøveien 43 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 54.0% | 6 823 | 6 823 | ||
| Total | 94.3% | 1 160 522 | 68 600 | 1 229 122 |
Project portfolio
The following table sets forth the properties with project area as of 31 December 2023.
| Property name | City | Type of asset | Share of ownership | Manage- ment area | Project area | Land & dev. area | Total area |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Malmskriverveien 2 | Sandvika | Office | 100% | 3 406 | 3 406 | ||
| Nonnesetergaten 4 | Bergen | Office | 100% | 17 213 | 17 213 | ||
| Brynsengfaret 6 | Oslo | Office | 100% | 35 417 | 13 600 | 49 017 | |
| Holtermanns veg 1–13, phase 3 | Trondheim | Office | 100% | 15 500 | 15 500 | 31 000 | |
| Total | 71 536 | 13 600 | 85 136 |
Land & Development portfolio
The following table sets forth the properties with land and development area as of 31 December 2023.
| Property name | City | Type of asset | Share of ownership | Manage- ment area | Project area | Land & dev. area |
| :------------ | :------- | :------------ | :----------------- | :---------------- | :----------- | :--------------- |# Entra Annual Report 2024
Appendices
List of properties
Definitions
- 12 months rolling rent: The contractual rent of the management properties of the Group for the next 12 months as of a certain date, adjusted for (i) signed new contracts and contracts expiring during such period, (ii) contract-based CPI adjustments based on Independent Appraisers’ CPI estimates and (iii) the Independent Appraisers’ estimates of letting of current and future vacant areas.
- Capital expenditure: Property related capital expenditure, split into four components: (i) Acquisition, (ii) Development, (iii) Like- for-like portfolio and (iv) Other. The components Development and Like-for-like portfolio combined ties to the line item Investment in the property portfolio in the investment properties roll-forward, while the two other categories ties to separate line items in the roll-forward.
- Back-stop of short-term interest-bearing debt: Unutilised credit facilities divided by short-term interest-bearing debt.
- Borrowings: Carrying amount of interest-bearing debt
- CAGR: Compound Annual Growth Rate
- Cash Earnings: Net income from property management less tax payable. Cash Earnings per share is calculated as Cash Earnings divided by the average outstanding shares for the period.
- Contractual rent: Annual cash rental income being received as of relevant date
- Effective Leverage: Total interest-bearing liabilities, including debt, lease liabilities, pension liabilities and seller’s credits, divided by total assets
- EPRA LTV (“Loan-to- value”): Net debt divided by total property value. Property values are included at fair value, net debt at nominal value. EPRA LTV is calculated based on proportional consolidation for partly owned subsidiaries, associates and JVs.
- EPRA NDV – Net Disposal Value: NAV metric reflecting the IFRS equity including the full extent of the deferred tax liability as per the balance sheet, including fair value of fixed interest rate debt and excluding goodwill as a result of deferred tax.
- EPRA NRV – Net Reinstatement Value: NAV metric reflecting the IFRS equity excluding (i) deferred tax liability as per the balance sheet in respect of properties and financial instruments, (ii) fair value of financial instruments and (iii) goodwill as a result of deferred tax.
- EPRA NTA – Net Tangible Assets: NAV metric reflecting the IFRS equity including only the estimated real tax liability, and excluding (i) fair value of financial instruments, and (ii) goodwill and intangible assets as per the balance sheet.
- Exit yield: The discount rate applied on the expected net cash flows after the existing lease terms
- Fringe areas: Bryn, Helsfyr, Majorstuen and Skøyen
- Gross yield: 12 months rolling rent divided by the market value of the management portfolio
- Interest Coverage Ratio ("ICR"): Net income from property management excluding depreciation and amortisation for the Group (i.e. the Group’s EBITDA), divided by interest expenses and commitment fees related to investment activities.
- Independent Appraisers: Newsec and Cushman & Wakefield Realkapital
- Land and dev. properties: Property / plots of land with planning permission for development
- Like-for-like: The percentage change in rental income from one period to another given the same income generating property portfolio in the portfolio. The figure is thus adjusted for acquisition and divestments of properties and active projects
- Management properties: Properties that are actively managed by the company
- Market rent: The annualised market rent of the management properties, fully let as of the relevant date, expressed as the average of market rents estimated by the Independent Appraisers
- Market value of the property portfolio: The market value of all properties owned by the Entra and subsidiaries. The figure does not include Inventory properties.
- Net Asset Value ("NAV"): Net Asset Value is the total equity that the company manages for its owners. Entra presents NAV calculations in line with EPRA recommendation, where the difference mainly is explained by the expected turnover of the property portfolio.
- Net income from property management: Net Income from continuing and discontinued operations less value changes, tax effects and other income and other costs from residential development in associates and JVs
- Net interest-bearing debt / EBITDA: The ratio of Net interest-bearing debt to Net income from property management excluding depreciation and amortisation for the Group (i.e. the Group’s EBITDA).
- Net letting: Annualised rent of new lease contracts plus lease-up on renegotiated contracts less terminated contracts
- Net nominal interest-bearing debt: Nominal interest-bearing debt less cash and bank deposits
- Net operating income: Rental income less operating costs such as maintenance, property tax, leasehold expenses (not including financial expenses on leases recognised in accordance with IFRS 16), insurance fees, letting and property administration costs and direct property costs.
- Net rent: 12 months rolling rent less the Independent Appraisers’ estimate of ownership costs of the management properties of the Group
- Net yield: Net rent divided by the market value of the management properties of the Group
- Newbuild: A new building on bare land
- Occupancy: Estimated market rent of occupied space of the management properties, divided by the market rent of the total space of the management portfolio.
- Outstanding shares: The number of shares registered less the company’s own repurchased shares at a given point in time.
- Period-on-period: Comparison between one period and the equivalent period the previous year
- Property portfolio: Properties owned by the parent company and subsidiaries, regardless of their classification for accounting purposes. Does not include the market value of properties in associates and jointly controlled entities
- Project properties: Properties where it has been decided to start construction of a new building and/or renovation
- Redevelopment: Extensive projects such as full knock-down and rebuild, and projects where external walls are being materially impacted (e.g. taking a building back to its core or changing brick facades to glass).
- Refurbishment: Projects extensively impacting an existing building, but not knocking it down or materially affecting external walls
- Required rate of return: The discount rate applied on the net cash flows for the duration of existing lease terms
- Total area: Total area including the area of management properties, project properties and land / development properties
- Total net nominal interest-bearing debt: Net nominal interest-bearing debt and other interest-bearing liabilities, including seller’s credits and lease liabilities for land and parking lots in connection with the property portfolio
- WAULT: Weighted Average Unexpired Lease Term measured as the remaining contractual rent amounts of the current lease contracts of the management properties of the Group, including areas that have been re-let and signed new contracts, adjusted for termination rights and excluding any renewal options, divided by Contractual rent, including renewed and signed new contracts.
Photo credits
- Front page: Knut Neerland – Magent Fotografer
- Other photos: Knut Neerland, Silje Holte, Trond M. Reksten – Magent Fotografer
- Torleif Kvinnesland
- Ronny Danielsen
- Dmitry Tkachenko
- Nicolas Tourrenc
- Morten Brakestad
- Tom Atle Bordevik
- Hilde Hugsand
- Illustrations: Goldbox Add arkitekter
Headquarters
- Address: Biskop Gunnerus’ gate 14 A, 0185 Oslo
- Postal address: Post box 52, Økern, 0508 Oslo, Norway
- Tel: (+47) 21 60 51 00
- E-mail: [email protected]
Customer service centre
- E-mail: [email protected]
- Tel: (+47) 800 36 872
Website
- www.entra.no
Flexible, attractive and environment-friendly office properties