DOMINOS PIZZA INC

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, DC 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 28, 2021

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number: 001-32242

Domino’s Pizza, Inc .

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Delaware	38-2511577
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
30 Frank Lloyd Wright Drive Ann Arbor , Michigan	48105
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)	(Zip Code)

( 734 ) 930-3030

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act:

Title of Each Class	Trading Symbol	Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Domino’s Pizza, Inc. Common Stock , $0.01 par value	DPZ	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of April 22, 2021, Domino’s Pizza, Inc. had 38,828,393 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding.

Domino’s Pizza, Inc.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I.	FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements	3
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) – As of March 28, 2021 and January 3, 2021	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited) – Fiscal quarters ended March 28, 2021 and March 22, 2020	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) – Fiscal quarters ended March 28, 2021 and March 22, 2020	5
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) – Fiscal quarters ended March 28, 2021 and March 22, 2020	6
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	7
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	14
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	23
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	23
PART II.	OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	24
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	24
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	24
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	24
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	24
Item 5.	Other Information	24
Item 6.	Exhibits	25
SIGNATURES		26

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements.

Domino’s Pizza, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Unaudited)

(In thousands)	March 28, 2021
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 267,719	$	168,821
Restricted cash and cash equivalents	176,029		217,453
Accounts receivable, net	235,789		244,560
Inventories	63,775		66,683
Prepaid expenses and other	20,372		24,169
Advertising fund assets, restricted	162,118		147,698
Total current assets	925,802		869,384
Property, plant and equipment:
Land and buildings	88,468		88,063
Leasehold and other improvements	187,896		186,456
Equipment	299,287		292,456
Construction in progress	9,792		13,014
	585,443		579,989
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	( 292,074	)	( 282,625	)
Property, plant and equipment, net	293,369		297,364
Other assets:
Operating lease right-of-use assets	224,359		228,268
Goodwill	15,034		15,061
Capitalized software, net	84,694		81,306
Investments (Note 6)	82,500		40,000
Other assets	35,376		33,881
Deferred income taxes	1,698		1,904
Total other assets	443,661		400,420
Total assets	$ 1,662,832	$	1,567,168
Liabilities and stockholders’ deficit
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term debt	$ 2,931	$	2,855
Accounts payable	95,042		94,499
Operating lease liabilities	36,058		35,861
Insurance reserves	26,971		26,377
Dividends payable	37,140		729
Advertising fund liabilities	154,963		141,175
Other accrued liabilities	148,730		169,323
Total current liabilities	501,835		470,819
Long-term liabilities:
Long-term debt, less current portion	4,116,858		4,116,018
Operating lease liabilities	198,640		202,268
Insurance reserves	38,975		37,125
Other accrued liabilities	35,129		35,244
Deferred income taxes	7,475		6,099
Total long-term liabilities	4,397,077		4,396,754
Stockholders’ deficit:
Common stock	388		389
Additional paid-in capital	6,612		5,122
Retained deficit	( 3,240,842	)	( 3,303,492	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	( 2,238	)	( 2,424	)
Total stockholders’ deficit	( 3,236,080	)	( 3,300,405	)
Total liabilities and stockholders’ deficit	$ 1,662,832	$	1,567,168

(1) The balance sheet at January 3, 2021 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for complete financial statements.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated statements.

Domino’s Pizza, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income

(Unaudited)

(In thousands, except per share data)	Fiscal Quarter Ended — March 28, 2021	March 22, 2020
Revenues:
U.S. Company-owned stores	$ 112,744	$	102,326
U.S. franchise royalties and fees	124,486		104,746
Supply chain	568,338		512,700
International franchise royalties and fees	66,770		57,496
U.S. franchise advertising	111,360		95,834
Total revenues	983,698		873,102
Cost of sales:
U.S. Company-owned stores	85,742		79,388
Supply chain	508,805		453,557
Total cost of sales	594,547		532,945
Operating margin	389,151		340,157
General and administrative	91,253		88,489
U.S. franchise advertising	111,360		95,834
Income from operations	186,538		155,834
Other income	2,500		—
Interest income	22		932
Interest expense	( 39,422	)	( 39,470	)
Income before provision (benefit) for income taxes	149,638		117,296
Provision (benefit) for income taxes	31,877		( 4,306	)
Net income	$ 117,761	$	121,602
Earnings per share:
Common stock - basic	$ 3.04	$	3.14
Common stock - diluted	3.00		3.07

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated statements.

Domino’s Pizza, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(Unaudited)

(In thousands)	Fiscal Quarter Ended — March 28, 2021	March 22, 2020
Net income	$ 117,761	$ 121,602
Currency translation adjustment	186	( 2,326	)
Comprehensive income	$ 117,947	$ 119,276

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated statements.

Domino’s Pizza, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)

(In thousands)	Fiscal Quarter Ended — March 28, 2021	March 22, 2020
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$ 117,761	$	121,602
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	16,465		14,032
Loss on sale/disposal of assets	161		306
Amortization of debt issuance costs	1,203		1,291
Provision for deferred income taxes	1,578		702
Non-cash equity-based compensation expense	5,204		4,914
Excess tax benefits from equity-based compensation	( 914	)	( 30,449	)
Provision for losses on accounts and notes receivable	180		1,589
Unrealized gain on investments	( 2,500	)	—
Changes in operating assets and liabilities	( 1,634	)	( 23,119	)
Changes in advertising fund assets and liabilities, restricted	15,347		4,490
Net cash provided by operating activities	152,851		95,358
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures	( 16,561	)	( 17,467	)
Purchase of investments (Note 6)	( 40,000	)	—
Other	121		( 426	)
Net cash used in investing activities	( 56,440	)	( 17,893	)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Repayments of long-term debt and finance lease obligations	( 704	)	( 10,849	)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	3,693		10,105
Purchases of common stock	( 25,000	)	( 79,590	)
Tax payments for restricted stock upon vesting	( 1,044	)	( 1,796	)
Payments of common stock dividends and equivalents	( 64	)	( 80	)
Other	—		152
Net cash used in financing activities	( 23,119	)	( 82,058	)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash	161		( 961	)
Change in cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and cash equivalents	73,453		( 5,554	)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	168,821		190,615
Restricted cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	217,453		209,269
Cash and cash equivalents included in advertising fund assets, restricted, beginning of period	115,872		84,040
Cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and cash equivalents and cash and cash equivalents included in advertising fund assets, restricted, beginning of period	502,146		483,924
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	267,719		200,801
Restricted cash and cash equivalents, end of period	176,029		189,370
Cash and cash equivalents included in advertising fund assets, restricted, end of period	131,851		88,199
Cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and cash equivalents and cash and cash equivalents included in advertising fund assets, restricted, end of period	$ 575,599	$	478,370

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated statements.

Domino’s Pizza, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited; tabular amounts in thousands, except percentages, share and per share amounts)

March 28, 2021

Basis of Presentation and Updates to Significant Accounting Policies

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for complete financial statements. For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes for the fiscal year ended January 3, 2021 included in the Company’s 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 25, 2021 (the “2020 Form 10-K”).

In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring items, considered necessary for a fair statement have been included. Operating results for the fiscal quarter ended March 28, 2021 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending January 2, 2022.

Segment Information

The following table summarizes revenues and earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization and other, which is the measure by which the Company allocates resources to its segments and which the Company refers to as Segment Income, for each of its reportable segments. Intersegment revenues are comprised of sales of food, equipment and supplies from the supply chain segment to the Company-owned stores in the U.S. stores segment. Intersegment sales prices are market based. The “Other” column as it relates to Segment Income below primarily includes corporate administrative costs that are not allocable to a reportable segment, including labor, computer expenses, professional fees, travel and entertainment, rent, insurance and other corporate administrative costs.

	Fiscal Quarters Ended March 28, 2021 and March 22, 2020 — U.S. Stores	Supply Chain	International Franchise	Intersegment Revenues		Other		Total
Revenues
2021	$ 348,590	$ 599,177	$ 66,770	$ ( 30,839	)	$ —		$ 983,698
2020	302,906	541,639	57,496	( 28,939	)	—		873,102
Segment Income
2021	$ 107,436	$ 52,552	$ 54,468	N/A		$ ( 6,088	)	$ 208,368
2020	88,277	51,437	43,504	N/A		( 8,132	)	175,086

The following table reconciles Total Segment Income to consolidated income before provision (benefit) for income taxes.

	Fiscal Quarter Ended — March 28, 2021	March 22, 2020
Total Segment Income	$ 208,368	$	175,086
Depreciation and amortization	( 16,465	)	( 14,032	)
Loss on sale/disposal of assets	( 161	)	( 306	)
Non-cash equity-based compensation expense	( 5,204	)	( 4,914	)
Income from operations	186,538		155,834
Other income	2,500		—
Interest income	22		932
Interest expense	( 39,422	)	( 39,470	)
Income before provision (benefit) for income taxes	$ 149,638	$	117,296

Earnings Per Share

	Fiscal Quarter Ended — March 28, 2021	March 22, 2020
Net income available to common stockholders - basic and diluted	$ 117,761	$ 121,602
Basic weighted average number of shares	38,700,225	38,665,924
Earnings per share – basic	$ 3.04	$ 3.14
Diluted weighted average number of shares	39,208,383	39,633,404
Earnings per share – diluted	$ 3.00	$ 3.07

The denominator used in calculating diluted earnings per share for the first quarter of 2021 does not include 51,490 options to purchase common stock as the effect of including these options would have been anti-dilutive. The denominator used in calculating diluted earnings per share for the first quarter of 2021 does not include 65,967 restricted performance shares, as the performance targets for these awards had not yet been met.

The denominator used in calculating diluted earnings per share for the first quarter of 2020 does not include 128,280 options to purchase common stock as the effect of including these options would have been anti-dilutive. The denominator used in calculating diluted earnings per share for the first quarter of 2020 does not include 84,765 restricted performance shares, as the performance targets for these awards had not yet been met.

Stockholders’ Deficit

The following table summarizes changes in stockholders’ deficit for the first quarter of 2021.

Shares		Amount		Capital		Deficit			Accumulated Other Comprehensive — Loss
Balance at January 3, 2021	38,868,350	$	389	$	5,122	$	( 3,303,492	)	$ ( 2,424	)
Net income	—		—		—		117,761		—
Dividends declared on common stock and equivalents ($ 0.94 per share)	—		—		—		( 36,475	)	—
Issuance and cancellation of stock awards, net	( 2,755	)	—		—		—		—
Tax payments for restricted stock upon vesting	( 2,791	)	—		( 1,044	)	—		—
Purchases of common stock	( 65,870	)	( 1	)	( 6,363	)	( 18,636	)	—
Exercise of stock options	21,263		—		3,693		—		—
Non-cash equity-based compensation expense	—		—		5,204		—		—
Currency translation adjustment	—		—		—		—		186
Balance at March 28, 2021	38,818,197	$	388	$	6,612	$	( 3,240,842	)	$ ( 2,238	)

Subsequent to the first quarter, on April 27, 2021 , the Company’s Board of Directors declared a $ 0.94 per share quarterly dividend on its outstanding common stock for shareholders of record as of June 15, 2021 , to be paid on June 30, 2021 .

The following table summarizes changes in stockholders’ deficit for the first quarter of 2020.

Shares		Amount		Capital		Deficit			Accumulated Other Comprehensive — Loss
Balance at December 29, 2019	38,934,009	$	389	$	243	$	( 3,412,649	)	$ ( 3,742	)
Net income	—		—		—		121,602		—
Dividends declared on common stock and equivalents ($ 0.78 per share)	—		—		—		( 30,442	)	—
Issuance and cancellation of stock awards, net	1,645		—		—		—		—
Tax payments for restricted stock upon vesting	( 5,929	)	—		( 1,796	)	—		—
Purchases of common stock	( 271,064	)	( 3	)	( 988	)	( 78,599	)	—
Exercise of stock options	380,938		4		10,101		—		—
Non-cash equity-based compensation expense	—		—		4,914		—		—
Adoption of credit losses standard	—		—		—		1,102		—
Currency translation adjustment	—		—		—		—		( 2,326	)
Balance at March 22, 2020	39,039,599	$	390	$	12,474	$	( 3,398,986	)	$ ( 6,068	)

Recapitalization

Subsequent to the end of the first quarter of 2021, on April 16, 2021 (the “closing date”), the Company completed a recapitalization (the “2021 Recapitalization”) in which certain of the Company’s subsidiaries issued new notes pursuant to an asset-backed securitization. The new notes consist of $ 850.0 million Series 2021-1 2.662 % Fixed Rate Senior Secured Notes, Class A-2-I with an anticipated term of 7.5 years (the “ 2021 A-2-I Fixed Rate Notes”), and $ 1.0 billion Series 2021-1 3.151 % Fixed Rate Senior Secured Notes, Class A-2-II with an anticipated term of 10 years (the “ 2021 A-2-II Fixed Rate Notes” and, collectively with the 2021 A-2-I Fixed Rate Notes, the “ 2021 Notes”) in an offering exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933 , as amended. The 2021 Notes have scheduled principal payments of $ 9.3 million in 2021 , $ 18.5 million in each of 2022 through 2027 , $ 804.8 million in 2028 , $ 10.0 million in each of 2029 and 2030 and $ 905.0 million in 2031 . Gross proceeds from the issuance of the 2021 Notes were $ 1.85 billion.

Concurrently, certain of the Company’s subsidiaries also issued a new variable funding note facility which allows for advances of up to $ 200.0 million of Series 2021-1 Variable Funding Senior Secured Notes, Class A-1 Notes and certain other credit instruments, including letters of credit (the “2021 Variable Funding Notes”). The 2021 Variable Funding Notes were undrawn on the closing date. In connection with the issuance of the 2021 Variable Funding Notes, the Company’s previous $ 200.0 million variable funding note facility was canceled.

A portion of proceeds from the 2021 Recapitalization was used to repay the remaining $ 291.0 million in outstanding principal under the Company’s 2017 five-year floating rate notes and $ 582.0 million in outstanding principal under the Company’s 2017 five -year fixed rate notes, prefund a portion of the interest payable on the 2021 Notes and pay transaction fees and expenses. In connection with the repayment of the 2017 five-year floating rate notes and 2017 five -year fixed rate notes, the Company expensed approximately $ 2.0 million for the remaining unamortized debt issuance costs associated with these notes. Additionally, in connection with the 2021 Recapitalization, the Company capitalized $ 14.9 million of debt issuance costs, which are being amortized into interest expense over the 7.5 and 10-year expected terms of the 2021 Notes.

As of the first quarter of 2021 and the fourth quarter of 2020 , the Company had a leverage ratio of less than 5.0 x, and accordingly, did not make the previously scheduled debt amortization payment for its then outstanding notes beginning in the first quarter of 2021. Accordingly, all principal amounts of the Company’s outstanding notes have been classified as long-term debt in the consolidated balance sheet as of March 28, 2021 and January 3, 2021. Subsequent to the closing of the 2021 Recapitalization, the Company had a leverage ratio of greater than 5.0 x and, accordingly, the Company resumed making the scheduled amortization payments on its notes in the second quarter of 2021 .

Fair Value Measurements

Fair value measurements enable the reader of the financial statements to assess the inputs used to develop those measurements by establishing a hierarchy for ranking the quality and reliability of the information used to determine fair values. The Company classifies and discloses assets and liabilities carried at fair value in one of the following three categories:

Level 1: Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2: Observable market-based inputs or unobservable inputs that are corroborated by market data.

Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are not corroborated by market data.

Fair Value of Cash Equivalents and Investments

The fair values of the Company’s cash equivalents and investments in marketable securities are based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets. The fair value of the Company’s Level 3 investment is not readily determinable. The fair value represents its cost with adjustments for observable changes in prices resulting from orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer or impairments. The following tables summarize the carrying amounts and fair values of certain assets at March 28, 2021 and January 3, 2021:

	At March 28, 2021
		Fair Value Estimated Using
	Carrying Amount	Level 1 Inputs	Level 2 Inputs	Level 3 Inputs
Cash equivalents	$ 194,325	$ 194,325	$ —	$ —
Restricted cash equivalents	104,232	104,232	—	—
Investments in marketable securities	13,384	13,384	—	—
Advertising fund cash equivalents, restricted	113,384	113,384	—	—
Investments	82,500	—	—	82,500

	At January 3, 2021
		Fair Value Estimated Using
	Carrying Amount	Level 1 Inputs	Level 2 Inputs	Level 3 Inputs
Cash equivalents	$ 151,502	$ 151,502	$ —	$ —
Restricted cash equivalents	126,595	126,595	—	—
Investments in marketable securities	13,251	13,251	—	—
Advertising fund cash equivalents, restricted	104,197	104,197	—	—
Investments	40,000	—	—	40,000

During the second quarter of 2020, a subsidiary of the Company acquired a non-controlling interest in Dash Brands Ltd., a privately-held business company limited by shares incorporated with limited liability under the laws of the British Virgin Islands (“Dash Brands”), for $ 40.0 million. Through its subsidiaries, Dash Brands serves as the Company’s master franchisee in China that owns and operates Domino’s Pizza stores in that market. The Company’s investment in Dash Brands’ senior ordinary shares, which are not in-substance common stock, represents an equity investment without a readily determinable fair value and is recorded at cost with adjustments for observable changes in prices resulting from orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer or impairments.

In the first quarter of 2021, the Company invested an additional $ 40.0 million in Dash Brands based on Dash Brands’ achievement of certain preestablished performance conditions. In the first quarter of 2021, the Company recorded a positive adjustment of $ 2.5 million to the original carrying amount of $ 40.0 million resulting from the observable change in price from the valuation of the additional investment. This amount was recorded in other income in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of income.

The following table summarizes the reconciliation of the carrying amount of the Company’s investment in Dash Brands from the opening balance at January 3, 2021 to the closing balance at March 28, 2021.

	First Quarter of 2021 — Carrying Amount			Carrying Amount
	January 3, 2021	Purchases	Unrealized Gain	March 28, 2021
Investments	$ 40,000	$ 40,000	$ 2,500	$ 82,500

Fair Value of Debt

The estimated fair values of the Company’s fixed and floating rate notes are classified as Level 2 measurements, as the Company estimates the fair value amount by using available market information. The Company obtained quotes from two separate brokerage firms that are knowledgeable about the Company’s fixed and floating rate notes and, at times, trade these notes. The Company also performed its own internal analysis based on the information gathered from public markets, including information on notes that are similar to those of the Company. However, considerable judgment is required to interpret market data to estimate fair value. Accordingly, the fair value estimates presented are not necessarily indicative of the amount that the Company or the debtholders could realize in a current market exchange. The use of different assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair values stated above.

Management estimated the approximate fair values of the 2015 fixed rate notes, the 2017 fixed and floating rate notes, the 2018 fixed rate notes and the 2019 fixed rate notes as follows:

	March 28, 2021 — Principal Amount	Fair Value	January 3, 2021 — Principal Amount	Fair Value
2015 Ten-Year Fixed Rate Notes	$ 766,000	$ 808,896	$ 766,000	$ 809,662
2017 Five-Year Fixed Rate Notes	582,000	583,164	582,000	582,582
2017 Ten-Year Fixed Rate Notes	970,000	1,034,020	970,000	1,035,960
2017 Five-Year Floating Rate Notes	291,000	291,291	291,000	291,000
2018 7.5-Year Fixed Rate Notes	415,438	436,625	415,438	437,456
2018 9.25-Year Fixed Rate Notes	391,000	422,671	391,000	422,280
2019 Ten-Year Fixed Rate Notes	668,250	703,667	668,250	712,355

The Company’s variable funding notes are a variable rate loan, and the fair value of this loan approximates book value based on the borrowing rates currently available for variable rate loans obtained from third party lending institutions. This fair value represents a Level 2 measurement. The Company did not have any outstanding borrowings under its variable funding notes at March 28, 2021 or January 3, 2021.

Revenue Disclosures

Contract Liabilities

Contract liabilities primarily consist of deferred franchise fees and deferred development fees. Changes in deferred franchise fees and deferred development fees for the first quarter of 2021 and the first quarter of 2020 were as follows:

	Fiscal Quarter Ended — March 28, 2021	March 22, 2020
Deferred franchise fees and deferred development fees at beginning of period	$ 19,090	$	20,463
Revenue recognized during the period	( 1,390	)	( 1,417	)
New deferrals due to cash received and other	803		724
Deferred franchise fees and deferred development fees at end of period	$ 18,503	$	19,770

Advertising Fund Assets

As of March 28, 2021, advertising fund assets, restricted of $ 162.1 million consisted of $ 131.9 million of cash and cash equivalents, $ 28.8 million of accounts receivable and $ 1.4 million of prepaid expenses. As of March 28, 2021, advertising fund cash and cash equivalents included $ 7.2 million of cash contributed from U.S. Company-owned stores that had not yet been expended.

As of January 3, 2021, advertising fund assets, restricted of $ 147.7 million consisted of $ 115.9 million of cash and cash equivalents, $ 27.0 million of accounts receivable and $ 4.8 million of prepaid expenses. As of January 3, 2021, advertising fund cash and cash equivalents included $ 6.5 million of cash contributed from U.S. Company-owned stores that had not yet been expended.

Leases

The Company leases certai n retail store and supply chain center locations, supply chain vehicles, equipment and its corporate headquarters with expiration dates through 2041.

The components of operating and finance lease cost for the first quarter of 2021 and the first quarter of 2020 were as follows:

	Fiscal Quarter Ended — March 28, 2021	March 22, 2020
Operating lease cost	$ 10,424	$ 9,582
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets	919	249
Interest on lease liabilities	1,026	375
Total finance lease cost	$ 1,945	$ 624

Rent expense totaled $ 18.2 million and $ 16.4 million in the first quarter of 2021 and the first quarter of 2020, respectively. Rent expense includes operating lease cost, as well as expense for non-lease components including common area maintenance, real estate taxes and insurance for the Company’s real estate leases. Rent expense also includes the variable rate per mile driven and fixed maintenance charges for the Company’s supply chain center tractors and trailers and expense for short-term rentals. Variable rent expense and rent expense for short-term leases were immaterial in both the first quarter of 2021 and the first quarter of 2020.

Supplemental balance sheet information related to the Company’s finance leases as of March 28, 2021 and January 3, 2021 was as follows:

Land and buildings	March 28, 2021 — $ 68,489	$	68,084
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	( 10,973	)	( 10,049	)
Finance lease assets, net	$ 57,516	$	58,035
Current portion of long-term debt	$ 2,931	$	2,855
Long-term debt, less current portion	57,338		57,700
Total principal payable on finance leases	$ 60,269	$	60,555

As of March 28, 2021 and January 3, 2021, the weighted average remaining lease term and weighted average discount rate for the Company’s operating and finance leases were as follows:

Operating Leases	Finance Leases	Operating Leases	Finance Leases
Weighted average remaining lease term	7 years	16 years	7 years	16 years
Weighted average discount rate	3.7 %	6.8 %	3.7 %	6.8 %

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases for the first quarter of 2021 and the first quarter of 2020 was as follows:

	Fiscal Quarter Ended — March 28, 2021	March 22, 2020
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$ 10,187	$ 10,119
Operating cash flows from finance leases	1,026	375
Financing cash flows from finance leases	704	349
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:
Operating leases	4,672	8,982
Finance leases	399	—

Maturities of lease liabilities as of March 28, 2021 were as follows:

2021	Operating Leases — $ 34,764	$	4,620
2022	43,209		6,754
2023	37,620		6,274
2024	36,260		6,732
2025	29,559		6,527
Thereafter	87,007		69,983
Total future minimum rental commitments	268,419		100,890
Less – amounts representing interest	( 33,721	)	( 40,621	)
Total lease liabilities	$ 234,698	$	60,269

As of March 28, 2021, the Company has additional leases for certain supply chain tractors and trailers that had not yet commenced with estimated future minimum rental commitments of approximately $ 15.7 million. These leases are expected to commence in 2021 with lease terms of up to 9 years. These undiscounted amounts are not included in the table above.

The Company has guaranteed lease payments related to certain franchisees’ lease arrangements. The maximum amount of potential future payments under these guarantees was $ 12.0 million and $ 12.6 million as of March 28, 2021 and January 3, 2021, respectively. The Company does not believe these arrangements have or are likely to have a material effect on its results of operations, financial condition, revenues, expenses or liquidity.

Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information

The Company had non-cash investing activities related to accruals for capital expenditures of $ 3.1 million at March 28, 2021 and $ 4.3 million at January 3, 2021.

New Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Standard

Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2019-12, Income Taxes – Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (Topic 740)

In December 2019, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (“ASU 2019-12”) , which simplifies the accounting for income taxes. ASU 2019-12 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including applicable interim periods. The Company adopted this accounting standard in the first quarter of 2021, and it did not have a material impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements.

Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

The Company has considered all new accounting standards issued by the FASB. The Company has not yet completed its assessment of the following standard.

ASU 2020-04, Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting (Topic 848)

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting (“ASU 2020-04”) , which provides temporary optional expedients and exceptions for applying generally accepted accounting principles to contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions affected by reference rate reform. Subsequent to the closing of the 2021 Recapitalization, the Company’s 2021 Variable Funding Notes bear interest at fluctuating interest rates based on LIBOR and the associated loan documents contemplate a transition from LIBOR to secured overnight financing rate (“SOFR”) in the event that LIBOR ceases to exist. If the Company further needs to renegotiate its loan documents, the Company cannot predict what alternative index would be negotiated with its lenders. ASU 2020- 0 4 is currently effective and upon adoption may be applied prospectively to contract modifications made on or before December 31, 2022. The Company is currently assessing the impact of adopting this standard but does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

(Unaudited; tabular amounts in millions, except percentages and store data)

The 2021 and 2020 first quarters referenced herein represent the twelve-week periods ended March 28, 2021 and March 22, 2020, respectively. In this section, we discuss the results of our operations for the first quarter of 2021 as compared to the first quarter of 2020.

Overview

Domino’s is the largest pizza company in the world based on global retail sales, with a significant business in both delivery and carryout, and more than 17,800 locations in over 90 markets around the world as of March 28, 2021. Founded in 1960, our roots are in convenient pizza delivery, while a significant amount of our sales also come from carryout customers. We are a highly recognized global brand, and we focus on serving neighborhoods locally through our large global network of franchise owners and U.S. Company-owned stores. We are primarily a franchisor, with approximately 98% of Domino’s stores currently owned and operated by our independent franchisees. Franchising enables an individual to be his or her own employer and maintain control over all employment-related matters and pricing decisions, while also benefiting from the strength of the Domino’s global brand and operating system with limited capital investment by us.

The Domino’s business model is straightforward: Domino’s stores handcraft and serve quality food at a competitive price, with easy ordering access and efficient service, enhanced by our technological innovations. Our hand-tossed dough is made fresh and distributed to stores around the world by us and our franchisees.

Domino’s generates revenues and earnings by charging royalties and fees to our franchisees. Royalties are ongoing percent-of-sales fees for use of the Domino’s ® brand marks. We also generate revenues and earnings by selling food, equipment and supplies to franchisees through our supply chain operations, primarily in the U.S. and Canada, and by operating a number of Company-owned stores in the U.S. Franchisees profit by selling pizza and other complementary items to their local customers. In our international markets, we generally grant geographical rights to the Domino’s Pizza ® brand to master franchisees. These master franchisees are charged with developing their geographical area, and they may profit by sub-franchising and selling food and equipment to those sub-franchisees, as well as by running pizza stores. We believe that everyone in the system can benefit, including the end consumer, who can purchase Domino’s menu items for themselves and their family conveniently and economically.

The Domino’s business model can yield strong returns for our franchise owners and our Company-owned stores. It can also yield significant cash flows to us, through a consistent franchise royalty payment and supply chain revenue stream, with moderate capital expenditures. We have historically returned cash to shareholders through dividend payments and share repurchases. These factors emphasize our focus on our stakeholders, including our customers, team members, franchisees, communities and shareholders.

First Quarter of 2021 Highlights

• Global retail sales, excluding foreign currency impact (which includes total retail sales at Company-owned and franchised stores worldwide) increased 14.0% as compared to 2020. U.S. retail sales increased 15.3% and international retail sales, excluding foreign currency impact, increased 12.8% as compared to 2020.

• Same store sales increased 13.4% in our U.S. stores and increased 11.8% in our international stores.

• Revenues increased 12.7%

• Income from operations increased 19.7%.

• Net income decreased 3.2%.

• Diluted earnings per share decreased 2.3%.

During the first quarter of 2021, we experienced global retail sales growth and U.S. and international same store sales growth. We believe our commitment to value, convenience, quality and new products continues to keep consumers engaged with the brand. We also continued our strong U.S. and international same store sales performance with 40 straight quarters of positive U.S. same store sales and 109 straight quarters of positive international same store sales. Changes in consumer ordering behavior due to the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a significant increase in U.S. and international same store sales during the first quarter of 2021. Additionally, our U.S. supply chain experienced higher volumes from the increases in U.S. store sales. Our U.S. and international same store sales growth has been pressured by our fortressing strategy, which includes increasing store concentration in certain markets where we compete, as well as from aggressive competitive activity.

We continued our global expansion with the opening of 175 net stores in the first quarter of 2021. We had 36 net stores open in the U.S. and 139 net stores open internationally during the first quarter of 2021.

Overall, we believe our continued global store growth, along with our sales growth, emphasis on technology, operations, and marketing initiatives, have combined to strengthen our brand.

Statistical Measures

The tables below outline certain statistical measures we utilize to analyze our performance. This historical data is not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for any future period.

Global Retail Sales Growth (excluding foreign currency impact)

Global retail sales growth (excluding foreign currency impact) is a commonly used statistical measure in the quick-service restaurant industry that is important to understanding performance. Global retail sales growth refers to total worldwide retail sales at Company-owned and franchise stores. We believe global retail sales information is useful in analyzing revenues because franchisees pay royalties and, in the U.S., advertising fees that are based on a percentage of franchise retail sales. We review comparable industry global retail sales information to assess business trends and to track the growth of the Domino’s Pizza brand. In addition, supply chain revenues are directly impacted by changes in franchise retail sales in the U.S. and Canada. Retail sales for franchise stores are reported to us by our franchisees and are not included in our revenues. Global retail sales growth, excluding foreign currency impact, is calculated as the change of international local currency global retail sales against the comparable period of the prior year.

U.S. stores	+15.3 %	+4.9 %
International stores (excluding foreign currency impact)	+12.8 %	+6.8 %
Total (excluding foreign currency impact)	+14.0 %	+5.9 %

Same Store Sales Growth

Same store sales growth is a commonly used statistical measure in the quick-service restaurant industry that is important to understanding performance. Same store sales growth is calculated by including only sales from stores that also had sales in the comparable weeks of both years. International same store sales growth is calculated similarly to U.S. same store sales growth. Changes in international same store sales are reported on a constant dollar basis which reflects changes in international local currency sales.

U.S. Company-owned stores	+6.3 %	+3.9 %
U.S. franchise stores	+13.9 %	+1.5 %
U.S. stores	+13.4 %	+1.6 %
International stores (excluding foreign currency impact)	+11.8 %	+1.5 %

Store Growth Activity

Store counts and net store growth are commonly used statistical measures in the quick-service restaurant industry that are important to understanding performance.

Store count at January 3, 2021	363		5,992	6,355		11,289		17,644
Openings	2		35	37		160		197
Closings	(1	)	—	(1	)	(21	)	(22	)
Store count at March 28, 2021	364		6,027	6,391		11,428		17,819
First quarter 2021 net store growth	1		35	36		139		175
Trailing four quarters net store growth	19		216	235		495		730

Income Statement Data

	First Quarter of 2021				First Quarter of 2020
U.S. Company-owned stores	$ 112.7				$ 102.3
U.S. franchise royalties and fees	124.5				104.7
Supply chain	568.3				512.7
International franchise royalties and fees	66.8				57.5
U.S. franchise advertising	111.4				95.8
Total revenues	983.7		100.0	%	873.1		100.0	%
U.S. Company-owned stores	85.7				79.4
Supply chain	508.8				453.6
Total cost of sales	594.5		60.4	%	532.9		61.0	%
Operating margin	389.2		39.6	%	340.2		39.0	%
General and administrative	91.3		9.3	%	88.5		10.2	%
U.S. franchise advertising	111.4		11.3	%	95.8		11.0	%
Income from operations	186.5		19.0	%	155.8		17.8	%
Other income	2.5		0.2	%	—		0.0	%
Interest expense, net	(39.4	)	(4.0	)%	(38.5	)	(4.4	)%
Income before provision (benefit) for income taxes	149.6		15.2	%	117.3		13.4	%
Provision (benefit) for income taxes	31.9		3.2	%	(4.3	)	(0.5	)%
Net income	$ 117.8		12.0	%	$ 121.6		13.9	%

Revenues

U.S. Company-owned stores	First Quarter of 2021 — $ 112.7	11.4 %	First Quarter of 2020 — $ 102.3	11.7 %
U.S. franchise royalties and fees	124.5	12.7 %	104.7	12.0 %
Supply chain	568.3	57.8 %	512.7	58.7 %
International franchise royalties and fees	66.8	6.8 %	57.5	6.6 %
U.S. franchise advertising	111.4	11.3 %	95.8	11.0 %
Total revenues	$ 983.7	100.0 %	$ 873.1	100.0 %

Revenues primarily consist of retail sales from our Company-owned stores, royalties, advertising contributions and fees from our U.S. franchised stores, royalties and fees from our international franchised stores and sales of food, equipment and supplies from our supply chain centers to substantially all of our U.S. franchised stores and certain international franchised stores. Company-owned store and franchised store revenues may vary from period to period due to changes in store count mix. Supply chain revenues may vary significantly from period to period as a result of fluctuations in commodity prices as well as the mix of products we sell.

U.S. Stores Revenues

U.S. Company-owned stores	First Quarter of 2021 — $ 112.7	32.3 %	First Quarter of 2020 — $ 102.3	33.8 %
U.S. franchise royalties and fees	124.5	35.7 %	104.7	34.6 %
U.S. franchise advertising	111.4	32.0 %	95.8	31.6 %
U.S. stores	$ 348.6	100.0 %	$ 302.9	100.0 %

U.S. Company-Owned Stores

Revenues from U.S. Company-owned store operations increased $10.4 million, or 10.2%, in the first quarter of 2021 due primarily to same store sales growth and an increase in the average number of U.S. Company-owned stores open during the period, resulting from net store growth. Company-owned same store sales increased 6.3% in the first quarter of 2021 and 3.9% in the first quarter of 2020.

U.S. Franchise Royalties and Fees

Revenues from U.S. franchise royalties and fees increased $19.8 million, or 18.8%, in the first quarter of 2021 due primarily to same store sales growth and an increase in the average number of U.S. franchised stores open during the period, resulting from net store growth. U.S. franchise same store sales increased 13.9% in the first quarter of 2021 and 1.5% in the first quarter of 2020. U.S. franchise royalties and fees further benefited from an increase in revenues from fees paid by franchisees for the use of our technology platforms.

U.S. Franchise Advertising

Revenues from U.S. franchise advertising increased $15.6 million, or 16.2%, in the first quarter of 2021 due primarily to same store sales growth and an increase in the average number of U.S. franchised stores open during the period, resulting from net store growth.

Supply Chain

Supply chain revenues increased $55.6 million, or 10.9%, in the first quarter of 2021 due primarily to higher volumes from increased orders resulting from U.S. franchise retail sales growth. Our market basket pricing to stores increased 0.3% during the first quarter of 2021, which resulted in an estimated $2.0 million increase in supply chain revenue.

International Franchise Royalties and Fee Revenues

Revenues from international franchise royalties and fees increased $9.3 million, or 16.1%, in the first quarter of 2021 due primarily to same store sales growth and an increase in the average number of international franchised stores open during the period due to net store growth. Excluding the impact of foreign currency exchange rates, international franchise same store sales increased 11.8% in the first quarter of 2021 and increased 1.5% in the first quarter of 2020. The positive impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates of $2.1 million also contributed to the increase in international franchise royalties and fees revenues in the first quarter of 2021.

Cost of Sales / Operating Margin

Consolidated revenues	First Quarter of 2021 — $ 983.7	100.0 %	First Quarter of 2020 — $ 873.1	100.0 %
Consolidated cost of sales	594.5	60.4 %	532.9	61.0 %
Consolidated operating margin	$ 389.2	39.6 %	$ 340.2	39.0 %

Consolidated cost of sales consists primarily of U.S. Company-owned store and supply chain costs incurred to generate related revenues. Components of consolidated cost of sales primarily include food, labor, delivery and occupancy costs.

Consolidated operating margin (which we define as revenues less cost of sales) increased $49.0 million, or 14.4%, in the first quarter of 2021 due primarily to higher global franchise revenues. Franchise revenues do not have a cost of sales component, so changes in these revenues have a disproportionate effect on the operating margin.

As a percentage of revenues, the consolidated operating margin increased 0.6 percentage points in the first quarter of 2021. U.S. Company-owned store operating margin increased 1.5 percentage points in the first quarter of 2021 and supply chain operating margin decreased 1.0 percentage point in the first quarter of 2021. These changes in margin are described below.

U.S. Company-Owned Store Operating Margin

Revenues	First Quarter of 2021 — $ 112.7	100.0 %	First Quarter of 2020 — $ 102.3	100.0 %
Cost of sales	85.7	76.1 %	79.4	77.6 %
Store operating margin	$ 27.0	23.9 %	$ 22.9	22.4 %

U.S. Company-owned store operating margin (which does not include certain store-level costs such as royalties and advertising) increased $4.1 million, or 17.7%, in the first quarter of 2021 due primarily to higher same store sales. As a percentage of store revenues, the store operating margin increased 1.5 percentage points in the first quarter of 2021, as discussed in more detail below.

• Food costs decreased 0.7 percentage points to 27.1% in the first quarter of 2021, due primarily to the leveraging of higher same store sales.

• Labor costs decreased 0.6 percentage points to 28.4% in the first quarter of 2021 due primarily to the leveraging of higher same store sales.

Supply Chain Operating Margin

Revenues	First Quarter of 2021 — $ 568.3	100.0 %	First Quarter of 2020 — $ 512.7	100.0 %
Cost of sales	508.8	89.5 %	453.6	88.5 %
Supply chain operating margin	$ 59.5	10.5 %	$ 59.1	11.5 %

Supply chain operating margin increased $0.4 million, or 0.7%, in the first quarter of 2021, primarily driven by higher volumes from increased store orders. As a percentage of supply chain revenues, the supply chain operating margin decreased 1.0 percentage point in the first quarter of 2021, primarily due to higher operating costs, including depreciation and amortization, labor and insurance expense as a result of the two new supply chain centers and new thin crust facility that were opened in fiscal 2020.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses increased $2.8 million, or 3.1%, in the first quarter of 2021, driven primarily by higher advertising expense and labor costs. These increases were partially offset by lower travel expense resulting from travel restrictions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic.

U.S. Franchise Advertising Expenses

U.S. franchise advertising expenses increased $15.6 million, or 16.2%, in the first quarter of 2021, consistent with the increase in U.S. franchise advertising revenues. U.S. franchise advertising costs are accrued and expensed when the related U.S. franchise advertising revenues are recognized, as our consolidated not-for-profit advertising fund is obligated to expend such revenues on advertising and these revenues cannot be used for general corporate purposes.

Other Income

Other income was $2.5 million in the first quarter of 2021, representing the unrealized gain recorded on the Company’s investment in Dash Brands (Note 6) resulting from the observable change in price from the valuation of the additional $40.0 million investment made in the first quarter of 2021.

Interest Expense, Net

Interest expense, net increased $0.9 million, or 2.2%, in the first quarter of 2021 driven primarily by lower interest income. The Company’s weighted average borrowing rate decreased to 3.9% in the first quarter of 2021, from 4.0% in the first quarter of 2020.

Provision for Income Taxes

Income tax expense increased $36.2 million, or 840.3%, in the first quarter of 2021 due primarily to lower excess tax benefits on equity-based compensation, which are recorded as a reduction to the income tax provision, as well as higher pre-tax income. The Company recognized $0.9 million in excess tax benefits in the first quarter of 2021 as compared to $30.4 million in the first quarter of 2020, resulting from a significant decrease in stock options exercised in the first quarter of 2021 as compared to the first quarter of 2020. The effective tax rate increased to 21.3% during the first quarter of 2021 as compared to negative 3.7% in the first quarter of 2020.

Segment Income

We evaluate the performance of our reportable segments and allocate resources to them based on earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization and other, referred to as Segment Income. Segment Income for each of our reportable segments is summarized in the table below. Other Segment Income primarily includes corporate administrative costs that are not allocable to an operating segment, including labor, computer expenses, professional fees, travel and entertainment, rent, insurance and other corporate administrative costs.

U.S. Stores	First Quarter of 2021 — $ 107.4	$	88.3
Supply Chain	52.6		51.4
International Franchise	54.5		43.5
Other	(6.1	)	(8.1	)

U.S. Stores

U.S. stores Segment Income increased $19.2 million, or 21.7%, in the first quarter of 2021, primarily due to a $19.8 million increase in U.S. franchise royalties and fees revenues as discussed above. U.S. franchise revenues do not have a cost of sales component, so changes in these revenues have a disproportionate effect on U.S. stores Segment Income. U.S. franchise advertising costs are accrued and expensed when the related U.S. franchise advertising revenues are recognized and had no impact on U.S. stores Segment Income. The $4.1 million increase in U.S. Company-owned store operating margin discussed above also contributed to the increase in U.S. stores Segment Income. The increase in U.S. stores Segment Income was partially offset by increased investments in technological initiatives.

Supply Chain

Supply chain Segment Income increased $1.1 million, or 2.2%, in the first quarter of 2021, primarily due to the $0.4 million increase in operating margin described above.

International Franchise

International franchise Segment Income increased $11.0 million, or 25.2%, in the first quarter of 2021, due primarily to the $9.3 million increase in international franchise royalties and fees revenues discussed above. International franchise revenues do not have a cost of sales component, so changes in these revenues have a disproportionate effect on international franchise Segment Income. Lower bad debt expense and lower travel expenses, primarily due to travel restrictions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, also contributed to the increase in international franchise Segment Income.

Other

Other Segment Income increased $2.0 million, or 25.1%, in the first quarter of 2021, due primarily to higher corporate administrative costs allocated to our segments as compared to 2020. The increase in allocated costs in the first quarter of 2021 was due primarily to higher investments in technological initiatives to support technology for our U.S. and international franchise stores. Lower travel expenses, primarily due to travel restrictions resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as lower professional fees, also contributed to the increase in other Segment Income.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Historically, we have operated with minimal positive working capital or negative working capital, primarily because our receivable collection periods and inventory turn rates are faster than the normal payment terms on our current liabilities. We generally collect our receivables within three weeks from the date of the related sale and we generally experience multiple inventory turns per month. In addition, our sales are not typically seasonal, which further limits our working capital requirements. These factors, coupled with the use of our ongoing cash flows from operations to service our debt obligations, invest in our business, pay dividends and repurchase our common stock, reduce our working capital amounts. As of March 28, 2021, we had working capital of $240.8 million, excluding restricted cash and cash equivalents of $176.0 million, advertising fund assets, restricted, of $162.1 million and advertising fund liabilities of $155.0 million. Working capital includes total unrestricted cash and cash equivalents of $267.7 million.

Our primary source of liquidity is cash flows from operations and availability of borrowings under our variable funding notes. During the first quarter of 2021, we experienced increases in both U.S. and international same store sales versus the comparable periods in the prior year. Additionally, our U.S. and international businesses grew store counts in the first quarter of 2021. These factors contributed to our continued ability to generate positive operating cash flows. As of March 28, 2021, we had a variable funding note facility which allowed for advances of up to $200.0 million of Series 2019-1 Variable Funding Senior Secured Notes, Class A-1 Notes and certain other credit instruments, including letters of credit (the “2019 Variable Funding Notes”). The letters of credit are primarily related to our casualty insurance programs and certain supply chain center leases. As of March 28, 2021, we had no outstanding borrowings and $157.5 million of available borrowing capacity under our 2019 Variable Funding Notes, net of letters of credit issued of $42.5 million.

We expect to continue to use our unrestricted cash and cash equivalents, cash flows from operations, excess cash from our recapitalization transactions and available borrowings under our variable funding notes to, among other things, fund working capital requirements, invest in our core business, service our indebtedness, pay dividends and repurchase shares of our common stock.

Our ability to continue to fund these items and continue to service our debt could be adversely affected by the occurrence of any of the events described under “Risk Factors” in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. There can be no assurance that our business will generate sufficient cash flows from operations or that future borrowings will be available under the variable funding notes or otherwise to enable us to service our indebtedness, or to make anticipated capital expenditures. Our future operating performance and our ability to service, extend or refinance our outstanding senior notes and to service, extend or refinance our variable funding notes will be subject to future economic conditions and to financial, business and other factors, many of which are beyond our control.

Restricted Cash

As of March 28, 2021, we had approximately $136.1 million of restricted cash held for future principal and interest payments and other working capital requirements of our asset-backed securitization structure, $39.6 million of restricted cash held in a three-month interest reserve as required by the related debt agreements and $0.3 million of other restricted cash for a total of $176.0 million of restricted cash and cash equivalents. As of March 28, 2021, we also held $131.9 million of advertising fund restricted cash and cash equivalents, which can only be used for activities that promote the Domino’s brand.

Long-Term Debt

As of March 28, 2021, we had approximately $4.12 billion of long-term debt, of which $2.9 million was classified as a current liability. Our fixed and floating rate notes from the recapitalizations we completed in 2019, 2018, 2017 and 2015 had original scheduled principal payments of $42.0 million in 2021, $897.0 million in 2022, $33.0 million in each of 2023 and 2024, $1.15 billion in 2025, $20.8 million in 2026, $1.28 billion in 2027, $6.8 million in 2028 and $614.3 million in 2029. However, in accordance with our debt agreements, the payment of principal on the outstanding senior notes may be suspended if our leverage ratio is less than or equal to 5.0x total debt to adjusted EBITDA, as defined in the related agreements, and no catch-up provisions are applicable.

As of the first quarter of 2021 and fourth quarter of 2020, we had a leverage ratio of less than 5.0x, and accordingly, did not make the previously scheduled debt amortization payment on our then outstanding notes beginning in the first quarter of 2021. Accordingly, all principal amounts of our outstanding notes have been classified as long-term debt in the consolidated balance sheet as of March 28, 2021 and January 3, 2021.

2021 Recapitalization

Subsequent to the end of the first quarter of 2021, on April 16, 2021 (the “closing date”), we completed a recapitalization (the “2021 Recapitalization”) in which certain of our subsidiaries issued new notes pursuant to our asset-backed securitization structure. The new notes consist of $850.0 million Series 2021-1 2.662% Fixed Rate Senior Secured Notes, Class A-2-I with an anticipated term of 7.5 years (the “2021 A-2-I Fixed Rate Notes”), and $1.0 billion Series 2021-1 3.151% Fixed Rate Senior Secured Notes, Class A-2-II with an anticipated term of 10 years (the “2021 A-2-II Fixed Rate Notes” and, collectively with the 2021 A-2-I Fixed Rate Notes, the “2021 Notes”) in an offering exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The 2021 Notes have scheduled principal payments of $9.3 million in 2021, $18.5 million in each of 2022 through 2027, $804.8 million in 2028, $10.0 million in each of 2029 and 2030 and $905.0 million in 2031. Gross proceeds from the issuance of the 2021 Notes were $1.85 billion.

Concurrently, certain of our subsidiaries also issued a new variable funding note facility which allows for advances of up to $200.0 million of Series 2021-1 Variable Funding Senior Secured Notes, Class A-1 Notes and certain other credit instruments, including letters of credit (the “2021 Variable Funding Notes”). The 2021 Variable Funding Notes were undrawn on the closing date. In connection with the issuance of our 2021 Variable Funding Notes, our 2019 Variable Funding Notes were canceled.

A portion of proceeds from the 2021 Recapitalization was used to repay the remaining $291.0 million in outstanding principal under our 2017 five-year floating rate notes and $582.0 million in outstanding principal under our 2017 five-year fixed rate notes. The proceeds were also used to pre-fund a portion of the interest payable on the 2021 Notes and pay transaction fees and expenses. We expect to use the remaining proceeds for general corporate purposes, which may include distributions to holders of our common stock, other equivalent payments and/or stock repurchases.

Subsequent to the closing of the 2021 Recapitalization, we had a leverage ratio of greater than 5.0x and, accordingly, we resumed making the scheduled amortization payments on our notes in the second quarter of 2021.

Share Repurchase Programs

Our share repurchase programs have historically been funded by excess operating cash flows, excess proceeds from our recapitalization transactions and borrowings under our variable funding notes.

During the first quarter of 2021, we repurchased and retired 65,870 shares of our common stock under our Board of Directors-approved share repurchase program for a total of approximately $25.0 million. Our Board of Directors authorized a new share repurchase program to repurchase up to $1.0 billion of our common stock on February 24, 2021 which replaced the remaining availability of approximately $76.6 million under our previously approved $1.0 billion share repurchase program. As of March 28, 2021, we had a total remaining authorized amount for share repurchases of $1.0 billion.

Dividends

On February 24, 2021, our Board of Directors declared a $0.94 per share quarterly dividend on our outstanding common stock for shareholders of record as of March 15, 2021, which was paid on March 30, 2021. We had approximately $37.1 million accrued for common stock dividends at March 28, 2021.

Subsequent to the first quarter, on April 27, 2021, our Board of Directors declared a $0.94 per share quarterly dividend on our outstanding common stock for shareholders of record as of June 15, 2021, to be paid on June 30, 2021.

Sources and Uses of Cash

The following table illustrates the main components of our cash flows:

(In millions)	First Quarter of 2021
Cash Flows Provided By (Used In)
Net cash provided by operating activities	$ 152.9	$	95.4
Net cash used in investing activities	(56.4	)	(17.9	)
Net cash used in financing activities	(23.1	)	(82.1	)
Exchange rate changes	0.2		(1.0	)
Change in cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and cash equivalents	$ 73.5	$	(5.6	)

Operating Activities

Cash provided by operating activities increased $57.5 million in the first quarter of 2021 primarily due to the positive impact of changes in operating assets and liabilities of $51.0 million. The positive impact of changes in operating assets and liabilities was primarily related to the timing of collections on accounts receivable in 2021 as compared to 2020, and to a lesser extent, the timing of payments on accounts payable and accrued liabilities. The increase in cash provided by operating activities was also due to a $10.9 million positive impact of changes in advertising fund assets and liabilities, restricted, in 2021 as compared to 2020 due to the receipt of advertising contributions outpacing payments for advertising activities. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in net income of $3.8 million.

Investing Activities

Cash used in investing activities was $56.4 million in the first quarter of 2021, which primarily consisted of an additional investment in Dash Brands (Note 6) of $40.0 million and $16.6 million of capital expenditures (driven primarily by investments in technological initiatives, corporate store operations and supply chain centers).

Financing Activities

Cash used in financing activities was $23.1 million in the first quarter of 2021, primarily related to the repurchase of approximately $25.0 million in common stock under our Board of Directors-approved share repurchase program, tax payments for restricted stock upon vesting of $1.0 million and repayments of finance lease obligations of $0.7 million. These uses of cash were partially offset by proceeds from the exercise of stock options of $3.7 million.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

For a description of the Company’s critical accounting policies and estimates, refer to “Part II—Item 7—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in the Company’s 2020 Form 10-K. The Company considers its most significant accounting policies and estimates to be revenue recognition, long-lived assets, insurance and legal matters, share-based payments and income taxes. There have been no material changes to the Company’s critical accounting policies and estimates since January 3, 2021.

Forward-Looking Statements

This filing contains various forward-looking statements about the Company within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the “Act”) that are based on current management expectations that involve substantial risks and uncertainties which could cause actual results to differ materially from the results expressed in, or implied by, these forward-looking statements. The following cautionary statements are being made pursuant to the provisions of the Act and with the intention of obtaining the benefits of the “safe harbor” provisions of the Act. You can identify forward-looking statements by the use of words such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “could,” “should,” “estimates,” “expects,” “intends,” “may,” “will,” “plans,” “predicts,” “projects,” “seeks,” “approximately,” “potential,” “outlook” and similar terms and phrases that concern our strategy, plans or intentions, including references to assumptions. These forward-looking statements address various matters including information concerning future results of operations and business strategy, our anticipated profitability, estimates in same store sales growth, the growth of our U.S. and international business, ability to service our indebtedness, our future cash flows, our operating performance, trends in our business and other descriptions of future events reflect the Company’s expectations based upon currently available information and data. While we believe these expectations and projections are based on reasonable assumptions, such forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations are more fully described under the section headed “Risk Factors” in this filing and in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including under the section headed “Risk Factors” in our 2020 Form 10-K. Actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including but not limited to: our substantial increased indebtedness as a result of our recapitalization transactions and our ability to incur additional indebtedness or refinance or renegotiate key terms of that indebtedness in the future; the impact a downgrade in our credit rating may have on our business, financial condition and results of operations; our future financial performance and our ability to pay principal and interest on our indebtedness; our ability to manage difficulties associated with or related to the COVID-19 pandemic and the effects of COVID-19 on our business and supply chain; the effectiveness of our advertising, operations and promotional initiatives; the strength of our brand, including our ability to compete in the U.S. and internationally in our intensely competitive industry, including the food service and food delivery markets; the impact of social media and other consumer-oriented technologies on our business, brand and reputation; the impact of new or improved technologies and alternative methods of delivery on consumer behavior; new product, digital ordering and concept developments by us, and other food-industry competitors; our ability to maintain good relationships with and attract new franchisees, and franchisees’ ability to successfully manage their operations without negatively impacting our royalty payments and fees or our brand’s reputation; our ability to successfully implement cost-saving strategies; our ability and that of our franchisees to successfully operate in the current and future credit environment; changes in the level of consumer spending given general economic conditions, including interest rates, energy prices and consumer confidence; our ability and that of our franchisees to open new restaurants and keep existing restaurants in operation; changes in operating expenses resulting from changes in prices of food (particularly cheese), fuel and other commodity costs, labor, utilities, insurance, employee benefits and other operating costs; the impact that widespread illness, health epidemics or general health concerns, severe weather conditions and natural disasters may have on our business and the economies of the countries where we operate; changes in foreign currency exchange rates; changes in income tax rates; our ability to retain or replace our executive officers and other key members of management and our ability to adequately staff our stores and supply chain centers with qualified personnel; our ability to find and/or retain suitable real estate for our stores and supply chain centers; changes in government legislation and regulations, including changes in laws and regulations regarding information privacy, payment methods consumer protection and social media; adverse legal judgments or settlements; food-borne illness or contamination of products; data breaches, power loss, technological failures, user error or other cyber risks threatening us or our franchisees; the effect of war, terrorism, catastrophic events or climate change; our ability to pay dividends and repurchase shares; changes in consumer tastes, spending and traffic patterns and demographic trends; actions by activist investors; changes in accounting policies; and adequacy of our insurance coverage. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking events discussed in this filing might not occur. All forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this filing and should be evaluated with an understanding of their inherent uncertainty. Except as required under federal securities laws and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission, or other applicable law, we will not undertake, and specifically disclaim, any obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances arising after the date of this filing, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on the forward-looking statements included in this filing or that may be made elsewhere from time to time by, or on behalf of, us. All forward-looking statements attributable to us are expressly qualified by these cautionary statements.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Market Risk

We do not engage in speculative transactions nor do we hold or issue financial instruments for trading purposes. In connection with the recapitalizations of our business, we have issued fixed and floating rate notes and entered into variable funding notes and, at March 28, 2021, we are exposed to interest rate risk on borrowings under our floating rate notes and variable funding notes. As of March 28, 2021, we had no outstanding borrowings under our variable funding notes. Our floating rate notes and our variable funding notes bear interest at fluctuating interest rates based on LIBOR.

There is currently uncertainty around whether LIBOR will continue to exist after 2023. Subsequent to the first quarter of 2021, in connection with the 2021 Recapitalization, our loan documents contemplate a transition from LIBOR to secured overnight financing rate (“SOFR”) in the event that LIBOR ceases to exist. Because the composition and characteristics of SOFR are not the same as those of LIBOR, in such event, there can be no assurance that SOFR will perform the same way LIBOR would have at any given time or for any applicable period. As a result, our interest expense could increase, in which event we may have difficulties making interest payments and funding our other fixed costs, and our available cash flow for general corporate requirements may be adversely affected.

Our fixed rate debt exposes the Company to changes in market interest rates reflected in the fair value of the debt and to the risk that the Company may need to refinance maturing debt with new debt at a higher rate.

We are exposed to market risks from changes in commodity prices. During the normal course of business, we purchase cheese and certain other food products that are affected by changes in commodity prices and, as a result, we are subject to volatility in our food costs. We may periodically enter into financial instruments to manage this risk. We do not engage in speculative transactions or hold or issue financial instruments for trading purposes. In instances when we use fixed pricing agreements with our suppliers, these agreements cover our physical commodity needs, are not net-settled and are accounted for as normal purchases.

We have exposure to various foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations for revenues generated by our operations outside the U.S., which can adversely impact our net income and cash flows. Approximately 6.8% of our total revenues in the first quarter of 2021 and approximately 6.6% of our total revenues in the first quarter of 2020 were derived from our international franchise segment, a majority of which were denominated in foreign currencies. We also operate dough manufacturing and distribution facilities in Canada, which generate revenues denominated in Canadian dollars. We do not enter into financial instruments to manage this foreign currency exchange risk. A hypothetical 10% adverse change in the foreign currency rates for our international markets would have resulted in a negative impact on royalty revenues of approximately $6.0 million in the first quarter of 2021.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

Management, with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, Richard E. Allison, Jr., and Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Stuart A. Levy, performed an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as that term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, Mr. Allison and Mr. Levy concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

During the quarterly period ended March 28, 2021, there were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

We are a party to lawsuits, revenue agent reviews by taxing authorities and administrative proceedings in the ordinary course of business which include, without limitation, workers’ compensation, general liability, automobile and franchisee claims. We are also subject to suits related to employment practices.

While we may occasionally be party to large claims, including class action suits, we do not believe that any existing matters, individually or in the aggregate, will materially affect our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

There have been no material changes with respect to those risk factors previously disclosed in Item 1A “Risk Factors” in Part I of our 2020 Form 10-K.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

c. Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers.

Period — Period #1 (January 4, 2021 to January 31, 2021)	67,407	Average Price Paid Per Share — $ 379.58	65,870	Maximum Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Program (in thousands) — $ 76,553
Period #2 (February 1, 2021 to February 28, 2021)	1,316	377.02	—	1,000,000
Period #3 (March 1, 2021 to March 28, 2021)	4,046	341.77	—	1,000,000
Total	72,769	$ 377.44	65,870	$ 1,000,000

(1) 6,899 shares in the first quarter of 2021 were purchased as part of the Company’s employee stock payroll deduction plan. During the first quarter, the shares were purchased at an average price of $357.43.

(2) On February 24, 2021, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized a new share repurchase program to repurchase up to $1.0 billion of the Company’s common stock. This repurchase program replaced the remaining availability of approximately $76.6 million under the Company’s previously approved $1.0 billion share repurchase program.

As of March 28, 2021, $1.0 billion remained available for future purchases of the Company’s common stock under the Company’s Board of Directors approved share repurchase program. Authorization for the repurchase program may be modified, suspended, or discontinued at any time. The repurchase of shares in any particular period and the actual amount of such purchases remain at the discretion of the Board of Directors, and no assurance can be given that shares will be repurchased in the future.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information.

None.

Item 6. Exhibits.

Exhibit Number	Description
31.1	Certification by Richard E. Allison, Jr. pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, relating to Domino’s Pizza, Inc.
31.2	Certification by Stuart A. Levy pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, relating to Domino’s Pizza, Inc.
32.1	Certification by Richard E. Allison, Jr. pursuant to Section 1350, Chapter 63 of Title 18, United States Code, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, relating to Domino’s Pizza, Inc.
32.2	Certification by Stuart A. Levy pursuant to Section 1350, Chapter 63 of Title 18, United States Code, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, relating to Domino’s Pizza, Inc.
101.INS	XBRL Instance Document – The instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.LAB	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
104	Cover page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in exhibit 101).

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

	DOMINO’S PIZZA, INC. (Registrant)
Date: April 29, 2021	/s/ Stuart A. Levy
	Stuart A. Levy
	Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

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