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Colas — Management Reports 2010
May 17, 2011
1214_10-k_2011-05-17_9fd47599-ae20-4dde-a0ea-f2b9b4583f2a.pdf
Management Reports
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Board of Directors
as of April, 15 2011 (1)
Hervé Le Bouc Chairman and Chief Executive Offi cer
Christian Balmes Director
François Bertière Director
Olivier Bouygues Director
Louis Gabanna Director
Thierry Genestar Director
Jean-François Guillemin Director
Jacques Leost Director
Colette Lewiner Director
Philippe Marien Permanent Representative of Bouygues SA
Thierry Montouché Director
Christian de Pins Director
Jean-Claude Tostivin Director
Gilles Zancanaro Director
(1) If approved by the Annual General Shareholders' Meeting on April 15, 2011.
Auditors
KPMG SA Statutory Auditor
Mazars Statutory Auditor
François Caubrière
Substitute
Thierry Colin Substitute
| Report of the Board ofDirectors | 1 |
|---|---|
| Consolidated nancial statements of the Colas Group |
67 |
| Report of the Statutory Auditors ontheconsolidated nancial statements |
108 |
| Colas nancial statements Report of the Statutory Auditors onColas nancialstatements |
109 123 |
| Resolutions | 129 |
REPORT OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
to the Combined Annual and Extraordinary Shareholders' Meeting, April 15, 2011
Dear Shareholders,
We have convened this Combined Annual and Extraordinary Shareholders' Meeting to deal with the following matters of business in compliance with French law and our Company by-laws:
• In the "Ordinary Business" section, we present a report on our management of the Group during the past year, together with its current position and trends, submit the 2010 fi nancial statements, the proposed appropriation of earnings, and the agreements and operations pursuant to articles L. 225-38 et seq. of the French Code of commerce for your approval, invite you to reappoint seven Directors, appoint two Directors, and renew the authorization granted to the Board to allow the Company to buy back its shares;
• In the "Extraordinary Business" section, we invite you to renew your authorization granting powers to the Board of Directors for the purposes of:
– reducing share capital through the retirement of Colas shares owned by the Company,
– increasing share capital, either through the issue of shares maintaining or excluding preferential subscription rights and/or securities giving access to the Company's share capital, or through
the incorporation of additional paid-in capital, reserves, unappropriated retained earnings or other,
– raising the number of new shares to be issued in connection with an increase in the Company's share capital, with or without preferential subscription rights,
– increasing share capital through issues reserved for Company employees pursuant to the provisions of article L. 225-138 of the French Code of commerce and article L. 3332-18 et seq. of the French Labor Code.
Ordinary portion of the Combined Shareholders' Meeting
Business in 2010
In 2010, despite a complicated, unstable economic and fi nancial environment marked by stark geographic disparities worldwide, Colas was nonetheless able to maintain overall business volumes similar to 2009: revenue was up 1% as of the end of December 2010, at 11.7 billion euros. The markets were more complicated than had been expected, rocked by unfavorable trends in public and private investment, a shortage of major projects, intense competition in France and a recession in the French overseas departments. In addition, the Group's businesses were hit hard by extreme winter weather at the beginning and the end of the year in Europe and in North America, nationwide French social unrest in October and November, the cancellation of two major PPP contracts that had already been signed and fi nanced, and above all, the worse-than-expected situation for most subsidiaries in central Europe where markets dropped sharply. A breakdown in revenue fi gures shows noteworthy disparities amongst the geographic zones in which the Group operates. North America, northern Europe and Asia have recorded growth. Sales in Africa and the Indian Ocean have remained stable. Business in mainland France was relatively stable. On the other hand, the French overseas departments in the Caribbean and Reunion Island have recorded a sag in activity and business in central Europe has slumped sharply. Several well-targeted acquisitions have reinforced the Group's industrial integration strategy – providing Colas with a signifi cant bitumen production capacity in France – and expanded the Group's network in the United States. With unchanged exchange rates and scope of business, revenue is down slightly by 3.5%.
Against this unusual backdrop, the Group share of net profi t at the end of 2010 amounted to 224 million euros, compared to 387 million euros at the end of 2009. However, the profi t margin amounted to 1.9% of revenue, despite the accumulation of diffi culties encountered in the course of a single fi scal year, which have led to major provisions and expenses, the majority of which are not recurrent.
Compared to last year, the breakdown of revenue has not changed signifi cantly. Sales in France, including the French overseas departments, account for 57% of total revenue, with 6.7 billion euros. Outside of France, including French overseas territories, revenue amounted to 5.0 billion euros, i.e., 43% of total revenue. When combined, Europe, including France with 8.5 billion euros and North America with 2.2 billion euros account for 10.7 billion euros, i.e., 92% of total revenue.
The Group kept tight control over its investments. After deduction of asset sales, the net total of investment was reined in at 500 million euros, compared to 368 million euros in 2009 (exceptionally low fi gure), with an eye on preserving the future thanks to external growth (shares and assets) at 63 million euros (6 million euros in 2009). Investments in tangible and intangible assets mostly involving the renewal of plant and equipment totaled 437 million euros, compared to 362 million euros in 2009. Thus, free cash fl ow (cash fl ow from operations less net fi nancial debt, taxes and net investment) totaled 225 million euros.
The Group continued to focus on controlling cash fl ow. Despite even shorter supplier payment deadlines in France and the drop in net profi t, consolidated net debt at the end of December 2010 amounted to 57 million euros, a limited increase of 174 million compared to the 117 million euros in net cash position posted at the end of December 2009. This was made possible by tight control of investments and an ongoing effort throughout the Group to reduce working capital requirements, which helped cap the increase in working capital requirements at 109 million euros in 2010.
As of December 31, 2010, the fi nancial situation of Colas is solid, with a Group share of shareholders' equity prior to dividend distribution of 2,345 million euros, compared to 2,276 million at the end of December 2009, and an unchanged 84% coverage ratio of non-current assets by shareholders' equity and non-current provisions (84% in 2009).
Mainland France
Revenue in mainland France amounted to 6.3 billion euros, up 0.4% compared to 2009 (–2.7% with an unchanged scope of business).
The Group's activities include:
ROADS
(74% of total revenue in mainland France)
This highly-diverse Roads sector includes a variety of projects – both big and small – backed by a full range of businesses, expertise and know-how. It covers some 55,000 projects each year involving the construction and maintenance of transport infrastructure: highways, national roads, city streets, airports, seaports, platforms for railways and reserved-lane public transport, industrial and commercial facilities, roads and main networks for real-estate projects including individual homes and apartments buildings, urban development projects (pedestrian zones, city squares), recreational amenities (sports facilities, automobile circuits, bike paths) and environmental protection (retention ponds, landscaping, windpower parks). This activity includes small-scale civil engineering and drainage work often linked to road construction and maintenance projects. The business is also backed by an upstream network that produces aggregates and materials mainly designed for road works (asphalt mixes, binders, emulsions, ready-mix concrete), products that are used by the Group or sold to third parties.
In mainland France, Colas operates in the Roads sector via a network of 16 regional subsidiaries located throughout the country.
SPECIALIZED ACTIVITIES
(26% of total revenue in mainland France)
• The Building sector comprises conventional construction business located exclusively in the Greater Paris area, along with demolition and deconstruction of old buildings both in and around Paris, and throughout France, often coupled with material recycling activities.
• The Road Safety and Signaling sector includes the manufacture, installation and maintenance of safety equipment (guardrails, traffi c directing systems), road marking (production of road paints and application of road markings), lights and traffi c/access management systems (traffi c lights, equipment for toll booths, parking lots, access control). Aximum and its subsidiaries operate in these markets.
• The Pipes and mains sector encompasses the installation and maintenance of large and small diameter pipes for the transport of fl uids (oil, natural gas, water), including the construction of compressor stations, along with dry networks (electricity, heating, telecommunications), small-scale civil engineering projects and industrial services. Spac and its subsidiaries operate in these markets.
• The Waterproofi ng sector includes:
– the production and sales of waterproofi ng membranes including photovoltaic membranes in France and else where around the world, skydomes and fume/smoke removal systems, installation and maintenance of servocontrols;
– the waterproofi ng of roadways and sidewalks (mastic asphalt) and buildings, cladding and roofi ng (offi ces, industrial sites, auditoriums, museums) including complex work on highly architectural projects: aluminum and steel cladding and roofi ng, metal frameworks, photovoltaic roofi ng. Smac and its subsidiaries operate in these markets.
• The Railway sector comprises the design and engineering of complex, large-scale projects, the construction, renewal and maintenance of railway track (conventional and high-speed lines, tramways, subways), for both fi xed installation and infrastructure with the laying and maintenance of track, electrifi cation (substations, catenary systems), signaling and safety systems, special work (bridge cranes, sidings, tunnels), the manufacture of cross ties, as well as a railway freight business (notably transport of aggregates for Group companies). Colas Rail and its subsidiaries operate in these markets.
• Production and sales of oil refi nery products
The Société de la Raffi nerie de Dunkerque (SRD), acquired on June 30, 2010, manufactures a range of oil-based products for Colas (60%) and Total (40%) as part of a processing contract that runs up to the end of 2012. The products, including bitumen, oils, waxes, parrafi n and special fuels, are sold by SRD to Colas and Total, who then in turn sell them. A specialized bitumen division is in charge of selling the bitumen manufactured by SRD (processing contract) to the Group's road subsidiaries. It also sells other products (oils, parrafi n, special fuels) to third-party customers, thus creating a new line of business.
The Group's competitors in the road construction industry and in other public works sectors remain Eurovia (Vinci group), Eiffage TP (Eiffage group), NGE group, major regional companies such as Ramery, Charrier, and Pigeon, in addition to a very tight network of roughly 1,600 small and medium-sized local companies. On the aggregate and ready-mix concrete markets, competition comes from cement manufacturing groups such as Lafarge, Cemex and Ciments Français, along with a network of regional and local aggregate producers, some of whom operate in the public works sector as well. The Group's specialized road-related businesses contend with other specialized subsidiaries of the French construction groups mentioned above, along with major international companies as well. There are also a number of small, medium and large specialized business units that operate on regional, national and international markets, such as:
– signing and signaling: Signature (Burelle and Eurovia groups), Girod, Lacroix;
– railways: ETF (Eurovia), TSO, Alstom (TGS), Eiffage Rail and a number of independent medium-sized companies.
Colas is ranked fi rst in the road and railway sectors, second in the waterproofi ng market, and third in the production of aggregates. Ranking has no signifi cance in the other lines of business.
Roads
In 2010, the road market in current euros was practically identical to 2009, which most likely means a decrease in volume of 3% to 4%. The stimulus plan drew to an end, but this did not lead to any major drop in business volumes and work-on-hand for the road industry as a whole remained all but stable throughout the year. The Group's 16 regional road construction subsidiaries recorded sales of 4.6 billion euros in roads and road products, down 0.7% from 2009. 2010 was marked by a series of negative factors, making it different from the previous years: some were exogenous – horrendous weather conditions not just at the beginning of the year but also with heavy snowfall in November and December, strikes in November and December that impacted the supply of fuel and bitumen – and others endogenous, with major disparities between regions, departments, urban and rural zones, exacerbated by both the wait-and-see attitude of some local authorities, uncertain as to their future fi nancing capacity in the wake of the disappearance of a local business tax, and by tough competition that is irrational in light of actual business volumes. The Group is adapting and rationalizing its business network to face these trends, and has been actively streamlining to improve competitiveness. These efforts were stepped up during the second half-year, which made it possible to reduce pressure on operating margins. Capital expenditure to renew equipment has been kept to a strict minimum. The Group's techniques, products and processes designed to enhance responsible development are gaining ground: warm mix use increased from 2% in 2009 to 4% in 2010, and reclaimed asphalt pavement went from 5% to 7%. The production of aggregates is down 6%.
Specialized activities
ROAD SAFETY AND SIGNALING
Aximum and its subsidiaries recorded levels of business that were slightly higher than in 2009, boosted by the acquisition of Sagemcom's lights and signaling business (traffi c lights, traffi c regulation systems, etc.). Its service-based activities, including the installation of guardrails, and of road marking products – more than 50% of which are eco-labeled – have changed in a market rocked by signifi cant drops in volume and a relentless rise in raw material prices (notably those used to manufacture road markings). A plan was launched at the end of the fi rst quarter to help the companies adapt. The integration of Sagemcom's business in the electronics products sector is going as planned.
PIPES AND MAINS
Spac and its subsidiaries posted an 11% increase in sales compared to 2009, thanks to work on three major projects involving natural gas transport and underground storage. Traditional business is down slightly, due to sagging public investments in local water distribution networks and a slump in private sector projects for the industrial maintenance sector.
WATERPROOFING
Smac and its subsidiaries recorded a slight rise in revenue fi gures thanks to the acquisition of Linea BTP that has offset sluggish business, due for the most part to a dropoff in the photovoltaic market following changes to French tax law and lower buyback prices for electricity. Industrial business is holding up, despite the impact of a sharp rise in raw material prices (waterproofi ng membranes and resins) and harsh competition (skydomes). Outside of France, business in the Spanish subsidiary has declined but this is balanced off by good business in Great Britain. Commercial investments in North America and industrial investments in Saudi Arabia have started to show results. Generally speaking, business held up in a diffi cult environment and Smac performed well.
RAILWAYS
In 2010, with revenue up 14% compared to 2009, business at Colas Rail remained buoyant in a dynamic market in France, boosted by the construction and completion of a series of new tramway lines in Reims, Angers and Paris, along with renovation and maintenance work on France's national rail network. Projects include the renewal and maintenance of track with high output track renewal units and the fi rst closed-line contracts involving studies, supply, work and contract management for track and train traffi c management delegated by the RFF, which owns and maintains the French national railway network. The freight business continues to grow and has expanded its customer base with its fi rst private haulage contract for non-bulk merchandise.
In all, 2010 was witness to nearly 80,000 projects in mainland France. Here are some noteworthy examples to demonstrate the broadly diverse nature of the Group's business in mainland France.
Construction and maintenance of highway networks: A 21: refurbishment of an 8-km section between Lens and Douai; A 29: refurbishment of pavement using 30% reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) near Honfl eur; A 48: refurbishment of pavement on the Voreppe – Saint-Egrève section using 35% RAP; A 75: construction of a 9.5-km section between Pézenas and Béziers using warm mixes; A 750: upgrading of a 4.8-km section near Montpellier using 40% RAP.
Construction and maintenance of road networks: construction of bypasses in Nogent-le-Roi, Lure, Pontde-Salars, Le Boulou; refurbishment of the Pau bypass using in-place recycling and warm mixes; widening of Route RN 10 to four lanes between Barbezieux and Pétignac, or Route RD 2009 between Riom and Clermont with 30% RAP; refection of roadways on Route RN 455 in Pecquencourt with 20% RAP; upgrading of Route RD 12 between Aigueperse and Thuret using the Valorcol® inplace recycling technique and of Route RD753 in Tiffauges using the Novacol® process.
Airports – ports: renovation of the jumbo jet distribution runway at Orly airport using warm mixes; rehabilitation of the runway, taxiways and aprons at the Dijon-Longvic; refurbishment of the Auch airport runway; rehabilitation of the runway at the Valence-Chabeuil airport; construction of a new apron zone at the Lyon-Saint-Exupéry.
Logistics facilities and other platforms: construction of logistics facilities in Coudray-Montceaux using Ecofl ex® warm mix near Limoges, construction of a 100-acre parking lot near the Mont-Saint-Michel; construction of an environmentally-friendly parking lot in Pont-l'Abbé using recycled materials and Ecofalt® low temperature mixes.
Urban development projects: high quality development projects in downtown Poitiers, Montluçon, and Westhouse; redesigning a square and terraces in Nanterre using 5,000 m3 of Compostyrène; refurbishment of the Mont-Saint-Siméon zone in Noyon including the hiring of workers who were part of professional insertion employment schemes; exterior work at the Robert-Schumann Hospital in Metz, at the Amiens University Hospital including high-level safety issues, the Noyal-Pontivy Hospital using Vegecol®; transforming a section of highway into an urban freeway in the east of Lyon.
Athletic and recreational facilities: refurbishement of the track at the Stade de France stadium; refurbishment of the bicycle motorcross track in Mandeure; building of an athletic track in Andernos-les-Bains; construction of a bike path along the coast in Les Sables-d'Olonne.
Public transport: completion of the fi rst tramway line in Reims as part of a Public Private Partnership (PPP); work on the Angers tramway; launching of construction of tramway lines T1, T2, T3, T5, T6 in and around Paris.
Environment: refurbishment of pathways in the Versailles Castle grounds as part of a skills-sharing patronage program; work on the eco-village in Viry; application of 12,000 m2 of Coletanche® waterproofi ng membrane on a retention pond in Estrées-Mons including 3E® warm mix.
Safety and signaling: supply and installation of 20 kilometers of concrete separators and 23 kilometers of steel guardrails on the south bypass of Reims; renewal of the traffi c regulation system in the Hauts-de-Seine department, near Paris.
Pipes and mains: installation of a 52-km pipeline on the Mâconnais artery for GRT Gaz; construction of the Hauterives natural gas storage unit in an EPCC contract for Storengy.
Waterproofi ng: construction of the façades and woodwork at the Hôtel de la Region Rhône-Alpes in Lyon; waterproofi ng and installation of photovoltaic systems on the fi rst positive energy offi ce building, Green Offi ce 1, for Bouygues Immobilier in Meudon.
Railways: renewal of a 37-km section of track on the Pau-Oloron line and an 18-km section on the Cambo-Bayonne line; installation of 12.8 kilometers of track for the Angers tramway line; catenary work on the Paris-Lyon high-speed train line between Combs-la-Ville and Saint-Louis-les-Aygalades; maintenance work on track and signals in the Channel Tunnel.
Deconstruction, demolition: partial deconstruction of a 20-storey housing complex in Levallois-Perret; demolition using explosive of 407 apartments in Vaulx-en-Velin; deconstruction of grain storage units and silos in Billère.
Concessions
COFIROUTE
Cofi route, a highway concession company in which Colas holds a 16.67% stake, operates a 1,100-km interurban network in northwestern France. In 2010, the network recorded a 1.9% increase in traffi c, with passenger vehicle traffi c still on the rise at +1.7% and HGV traffi c back on track with growth at +3.3% compared to 2009. Improvements continued on the interurban network, and 2010 was witness to the opening of a new bridge over the Loire River, as part of the widening project between Orleans and Olivet on the A 71 and the widening of the north bypass of Angers. Work on the 5.5 km section of the Duplex A 86 tunnel structure between Vaucresson and Vélizy-Villacoublay was completed at the end of September by Socatop, a consortium including Vinci, Eiffage and Colas, enabling Cofi route to open up the entire duplex A 86 structure to traffi c for the fi rst time ever on January 9, 2011. The 10-km long tunnel links Rueil-Malmaison to Vaucresson and Vélizy-Villacoublay, with a concession running to 2086.
ADELAC
Adelac, a concession company in which Colas holds a 6.9% share for a duration of fi fty-fi ve years, operates a 19.7-km stretch of highway A 41 between Saint-Julien-en-Genevois and Villy-le-Peloux on the Annecy, France to Geneva, Switzerland link. Despite a 5% increase in traffi c compared to 2009 during its second year of operation, average traffi c – at 18,000 vehicles per day – is still under the initial forecasts, due mainly to lower-than-expected HGV traffi c and to the impact of the economic crisis.
MARS
The role played by the Mars concession company in which Colas holds an 8.5% stake is twofold: it is in charge of the design, fi nancing and construction of the Reims tramway, and the management of the entire public transport system in greater Reims for a duration of thirty years. Since 2008, Mars has been operating the city's bus network (roughly 170 buses). In 2010, the building consortium, including the Group's road companies Colas Est and Screg Est and the railway specialist Colas Rail, completed the construction of the tramway's platforms and tracks (11.2 kilometers). Tests on the tramway were performed in April 2010, with inauguration slated for April 2011.
French overseas departments
Revenue posted for the French overseas departments amounted to 362 million euros, a 15% drop from 2009.
On Reunion Island, revenue sagged for the second year in a row, pushed down by a recession in the building and public works markets. Business for the building units has taken a sharp dive, due to the absence of public fi nancing and the collapse of private investment following changes in French tax law that favored real estate investment in the overseas departments. The road construction business is in a slump, but this was offset by civil engineering projects (water treatment plants, irrigation ponds, photovoltaic farms) and roads and main services contracts. The crisis in the sector has led to a decrease in the sales of construction materials. In 2010, the structures of subsidiaries in Reunion Island were streamlined in the wake of the cancellation of the PPP Tram-train project between Saint-Paul and Sainte-Marie that had been awarded to the Tram'Tiss consortium and for which Colas was project leader.
In the Caribbean (Martinique and Guadeloupe), the market remained relatively fl at following the 2009 social crisis, the impact of which is still profoundly affecting the economy and investments. Decision-makers, both public and private, are at a stand-still, due to the precarious fi nancing situation of local authorities and to the reform of French real estate tax law, thus explaining the exceptionally low levels of business for the Group's public works and building units. These companies have reinforced streamlining plans launched in 2009 to help adapt to the current situation.
French Guiana has maintained good levels of business, thanks in particular to two major projects: the construction of the access road to the Oyapock bridge at the border with Brazil and the earthworks for a water treatment plant in Cayenne.
International and French overseas territories
Revenue from international subsidiaries and French overseas territories amounted to 5.0 billion euros, up 2.4% over 2009 (–3.5% with unchanged structures and comparable exchange rates). A breakdown by region shows that North America accounts for 44% (40% in 2009); Europe (excluding France): 37% (42% in 2009); Africa/Indian Ocean/Asia/Oceania/other countries: 19% (18% in 2009).
Business in the international and overseas territories' road construction activity is quite similar to the same sector in mainland France. Contracts are on the average larger in North America, central Europe and the Indian Ocean. The Road business in some countries may encompass civil engineering projects (engineering structures) required on comprehensive road and highway projects. Road work is also supplemented by upstream industrial activities (aggregates, asphalt mix, emulsion, ready-mix concrete). The amount of products sold to third parties can be higher than in France. Specialized activities in the international divisions include pipes and mains, civil engineering, railways, signs and signaling in Europe, building and civil engineering in the Indian Ocean, road marking in Canada, civil engineering, railways and signaling in Morocco, etc. In Asia and Australia, Colas' business mainly focuses on the production, storage, transformation and trade of oil products (bitumen and emulsion).
In every country and every region (except for the United States and Canada where there is no nationwide market per se), Colas is ranked among the leaders in the road construction market. Group companies compete with both national companies and subsidiaries of major international groups (construction, cement-makers, material producers).
Europe
Revenue in Europe, excluding France, amounted to 1.8 billion euros, down 10.1% from 2009 (–12.4% with comparable exchange rates and identical scope of business).
Northern Europe recorded good growth, with revenue up 16%.
In Great Britain, revenue at the road subsidiary Colas Ltd remained high, comparable to 2009, boosted by four long-term MAC (Managing Agent Contractor) contracts for the management and maintenance of road and motorways in Great Britain for Areas 14, 10, 7, 12, i.e., 3,500 kilometers (including engineering structures), and by stimulus package investments during the fi rst halfyear. At the end of the year, an austerity plan led to a freeze in local investments. The upgrading and maintenance contract in Portsmouth is still ongoing. Colas Rail Ltd also enjoyed buoyant business, with track renewal work that required the use of four High Output track renewal units as part of a long-term MAC contract for track renewal. Colas Rail Ltd has confi rmed its position as market leader in the rail sector for long-term track renewal contracts.
In Switzerland, business rose sharply thanks to a number of road, highway and rail infrastructure projects.
In Belgium, thanks to a high level of investment and to rescheduling of 2009 contracts to 2010, revenue in the road business has surged.
In Denmark, revenue remains unchanged with disparity between the two half-years (strong business during second half-year).
In Ireland, despite an extremely diffi cult economic environment, revenue is comparable to 2009.
Business in central Europe has declined 34%.
Most of the companies were hit hard by additional slumps in business in 2010 (nearly 50% decrease in two years), mainly in Hungary, Slovakia and Croatia. Generally speaking, throughout the zone, traditional business has dropped off sharply, and prices are pushed down by heavy competition. In Slovakia, after many months of uncertainty, the PPP contract for D1 Motorway, which had continued to mobilize manpower and equipment, was fi nally cancelled at the end of August. In Hungary, the lower fi gures are mainly due to the completion of the major PPP project for M6-M60 Motorway at the end of 2009. Work on the M3 Motorway has begun. In Croatia, the road sector is going through a deep recession and the subsidiary was unable to fi ll its work-on-hand. The drop-off was not as sharp in the Czech Republic; sales were stable in Romania, and Poland posted a slight increase in revenue. In all, the stronger-than-expected decrease in revenue gave rise to major restructuring plans in Croatia, Slovakia and Romania. Administrative timetables governing these plans created additional costs. Diffi culties were also encountered to simply complete or to continue work on a number of contracts, such as D 47 Motorway in the Czech Republic, or in Romania, with A 2 Motorway between Cernavoda and Constanta (20 kilometers) where many contractual issues have arisen (15-km shift in original trace, delays in hand-over of land). The project was unable to advance as planned, and many unexpected costs were incurred. The Suceava bypass in the east of Romania was also hit by extra costs, due notably to delays in the hand-over of land.
Among the year's most noteworthy projects, one can cite: the full upgrade of the slow lane on A 7 Highway between Saint-Ghislain and Mons, heavy maintenance work on A 12 Highway, and the installation of an 85-km pipeline in Belgium; airport runways at the military base in the Falkland Islands (Great Britain); the construction of a section of Highway 16 in Switzerland; the refurbishment of some 20 sections of highway in Denmark; the rehabilitation of the roadways in two tunnels in Iceland; the widening of a 7-km section of highway to six lanes on the Budapest bypass in Hungary; the construction of the Moravské bypass in the Czech Republic; the construction of the Svinia-Presov section on D 1 Motorway in Slovakia; the construction of A 2 Motorway between Cernavoda and Constanta in Romania; the construction of a section of highway for the Poznan bypass and another highway section between the towns of Gniezno and Czachurki in Poland.
Responsible development techniques are gaining ground: several projects involving noise-reducing surfacing techniques saw the day in Switzerland and in Great Britain. The use of warm mixes also progressed in Hungary, Poland and Slovakia.
CONCESSIONS
Ensign: PFI in Portsmouth (Great Britain)
The fi rst ever public-private partnership involving the upgrading and maintenance of city networks signed in 2004 for a duration of twenty-fi ve years, the Portsmouth PFI is a source of satisfaction for both the customer and users alike. Since mid-2009, the contract has entered its second phase and now involves maintenance and network management covering 480 kilometers of roads, 84 bridges and structures, and 19,000 streetlights. The year was marked by harsh weather during the winter maintenance program.
MAK: M 6-M 60 Motorways (Hungary)
MAK, a concession company in which Colas holds a 30% stake, has been awarded a thirty-year PPP contract to build and operate two new sections for a total of 80 kilometers of M 6 (50 kilometers) and M60 (30 kilom eters) Motorways in the south of Hungary. The work was performed in record time, right on schedule. The operation and maintenance phase began at the end of March 2010 for a duration of twenty-eight years.
North America
Revenue totaled 2.2 billion euros, up 15% compared to 2009 (3% with comparable exchange rates and identical scope of business).
UNITED STATES
The Colas companies, which mainly operate out of 25 states, benefi ted from the positive impact of stimulus packages as was the case in 2009. This helped partially offset a shrink in demand, which seemed to diminish at year end, paving the way for very slight recovery. The long-term federal infrastructure program called SAFETEA-LU was temporarily extended for an additional year. Colas companies rolled out plans aimed at improving their organization (exchanging best practice) and continued to control operating costs. In addition, the subsidiaries pursued the promotion of cost-wise pavement maintenance techniques and focused on diversifying their businesses (reinforcement of civil engineering and structures activity). Two new road companies (Baker and Ballou) were acquired to strengthen the network in Georgia, and provide a gateway to new states in the midwest and southeast. Furthermore, the companies pursued their strategies targeting a better control of bitumen supplies, backed by a network of depots and terminals and a greater diversifi cation of the customer base. These actions helped the companies perform well, with a slight increase in sales compared to 2009, bearing witness to their strength and resilience in 2010's highly competitive market.
CANADA
Despite harsh weather, especially in Alberta, revenue at ColasCanada increased, thanks to an ongoing program to upgrade infrastructure in Quebec and a leap in private investment in the West, sparked by rising raw material prices. Two companies were acquired in British Columbia. Against a dynamic economic backdrop, 2010 was an excellent year for Colas companies in Canada, thanks to an extensive network of high-quality business units and a business model based on vertical integration (bitumen storage, aggregate production, binders, asphalt mixes, ready-mix concrete, road marking paint, road works).
Among the highlights of 2010 for Colas North America: – United States: refurbishment of engineering structures and roadways on Interstate 81 in Franklin County, Pennsylvania; rehabilitation of a 108-km section of Interstate 55 in Missouri; refection of pavement on Interstate 57 in Jefferson County, Illinois; widening and upgrading of a bypass in Thomson, Georgia, refurbishment of pavement on Interstate 64 in Richmond and rehabilitation of a naval air station in Virginia Beach, Virginia; refection of a freeway in Los Angeles, California; extension of the Port of Anchorage and upgrading of a bridge in Ketchikan, Alaska;
– Canada: upgrading Route 185 to Highway 85 as part of the Trans-Canada Route in Temiscouata county and the extension of Highway 75 in the Beauce region of Quebec.
In the United States, warm mixes accounted for 14% of total asphalt mix production, roughly fi ve times more than in 2009, and reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) made up 18%. In Canada, in-place recycling is currently being developed in Alberta.
Elsewhere around the world
MOROCCO
In an increasingly competitive environment, traditional road business is down, compared to 2009, when fi gures had reached high levels. Among the year's most signifi cant projects, one can cite the construction of the container yard apron at the brand new port of Tanger-Méditerranée and the widening and reinforcement of the road between Chefchaouen and Oued Laou in the northwest of the country.
A drive to improve sales in the railway sector has paid off, with the award of a contract for the Casablanca tramway, in the wake of the Rabat project, along with maintenance and upgrading of the existing rail network.
WEST AFRICA
In Benin, sales have slumped, due to the temporary deferral of two major road contracts in the wake of late payment. Work did however begin on the 37-km section of the Djougou – Ouaké route.
In Togo, the Colas teams completed the refurbishment of a 9-km section of a six-lane road that crosses through Lomé. A major civil engineering project was launched in the port of the capital city.
In Gabon, business is enjoying growth. Renovation work on the streets in Libreville continues as part of the African Nations Cup 2012 and the country's fi ftieth anniversary of independence. Two contracts were won involving the upgrading of runways at Port-Gentil airport and Mayumba airport.
INDIAN OCEAN AND SOUTHERN AFRICA
In Mauritius, revenue has soared, with the start-up of two major projects involving the bypass of Port-Louis and a boom in the building sector.
In Mayotte, road-business volumes remain satisfactory, backed by long-term upgrading contracts and the construction of logistics facilities for a hospital in Mayotte. More than 26% of surfacing projects use warm mixes.
In Djibouti, the Group's business includes roads, building and a variety of diversifi ed contracts including drainage and small-scale road works supported by local fi nancing, the construction of a shopping center and a military base.
In Madagascar, investors and international fi nancial backers have still not returned in the wake of political unrest. The units have been streamlined to allow them to weather out the storm until new projects are launched. Civil engineering, roads and main services work is still ongoing at the Toamasina site, as part of the large-scale Sherritt nickel and cobalt mining project. A 30-storey offi ce building is currently under construction in the capital city.
In southern Africa, business in South Africa was boosted by infrastructure reinforcement projects in the framework of the World Soccer Cup in 2010, and work was performed at the Windhoek airport in Namibia. In Kenya and in Zambia, following a very good year in 2009, emulsion production fi gures are down.
ASIA AND OCEANIA
In New Caledonia, the road business has been boosted by civil engineering work as part of the construction of the Koniambo metallurgical plant (nickel) and infrastructure work in the north of the island. The building unit completed the construction of a student housing building at the University of Nouméa.
In Australia, business in 2010 was similar to 2009 for Drawmac and its companies, which operate in bitumen storage and trade along with the production and sales of bituminous binders via a network of depots and plants located in Sydney, Brisbane, Perth and Melbourne. Colas increased its stake in Drawmac from 51% to 94%.
In Asia, Colas operates in nine countries with a central line of business focused on the production, distribution and sales of bituminous products. All of the Group's units enjoyed a sharp increase in business, boosted by the region's dynamic economic environment. Bitumen sales at Tipco went over the one million-ton mark. In Thailand, business was buoyant, including export trading with strong demand in China's road market. In-place recycling techniques are progressing. In Malaysia, production at the Kemaman bitumen refi nery has surged. In India, Hincol recorded business fi gures similar to 2009. A bitumen depot was commissioned in Haldia and a new emulsion plant, the eighth, is currently being built. In Indonesia, the road construction business is stable. A new bitumen depot is being built in Medan, in the northeast of Sumatra. In Vietnam, an additional bitumen depot was acquired, and the bitumen trading business is on the rise.
Techniques, Research and Development
Research has been one of the driving forces of Colas' strategy for many years. Backed by a portfolio of more than 130 patents, with products used in France and around the world, the Group is a pioneer in the development of new road techniques able to adapt to a wide range of needs in ever-changing national markets, from the sub-zero temperatures of Alaska to tropical climates in Africa and Asia, as well as in the fi elds of road marking, photovoltaic units, etc. In 2010, the R&D budget was stable at 70 million euros, with 60% in France (based on the defi nition provided by the OECD including research, experimental development, technical activities of laboratories, IT).
Colas' research and development policy focuses on anticipating and responding to the needs of transport infrastructure customers (public and private), users and neighboring residents, regarding quality, safety, environmental protection (in particular in the fi elds of energy savings, reduced greenhouse gas emissions, decreased consumption of materials, and greater awareness of visual appeal) and costs. The Group aims to improve existing technologies, design new products and offer a broader range of services. Its expanding technical skills and knowhow are also refl ected in its new lines of business, e.g., its activity in the bitumen sector for the last several years and new contracts like PPPs in which maintenance and improved service levels require accurate technical analysis of existing roads. Ongoing improvements to know-how focus in particular in the fi elds of mineral, organic and plant chemistry, design and physics.
In 2010, the Group's research programs had to adapt, as was the case in previous years, to a rapidly changing market, in particular in France in the wake of the French Grenelle Environmental Roundtables, in addition to reinforced standards for products in Europe with the application of REACH legislation covering chemical substances. The French Government continued to support innovation in the road industry, a program that was relaunched in 2007.
Network organization for techniques
The Group boasts a tight-knit internal technical network that operates internationally. Every new company that joins the Group helps reinforce this valuable system, which works hand in hand with operational teams in the fi eld.
As the leading private research center in the road industry, the Campus for Science and Techniques (CST) and its eight laboratories in Magny-les-Hameaux, near Paris, are at the heart of the Group's innovation program. Its teams put their research skills and expertise at the disposal of Group subsidiaries, both in France and elsewhere around the world, on conventional projects, major projects or more complex contracts such as tramways, PPPs, and PFIs. Over 80 people work at the CST, from engineers, technicians, physicists and chemists to material experts and calibration specialists.
Nearly fi fty decentralized laboratories and one hundred engineering design offi ces – specialized in roads, civil engineering, building, deconstruction and more – work in liaison with the CST both inside and outside of France. They contribute to the Group's overall research effort and offer tailor-made technical support to local projects.
Each unit has its own state-of-the-art laboratory and computer tools, which are constantly renewed to remain at the cutting edge of technological innovation and customer needs and requirements: material analysis equipment, sophisticated simulation and risk measurement software, modern auscultation apparatuses. Research teams can thus help meet customers' needs and optimize bidding by using alternative technical solutions.
In all, the Colas technical network includes 2,000 engineers and technicians hard at work in the Group's laboratories (1,000 people) and engineering design offi ces (1,000 people), roughly 45% of whom work in France.
Responsible development: a key focus for R&D
To save energy, reduce the consumption of materials and diminish carbon impact, teams at Colas R&D and technical divisions focus on the following issues for the road sector:
• lowering the manufacturing temperature of asphalt mix and mastic asphalt for warm and cold mixes (3E® energyeffi cient asphalt mixes at Colas, Compomac® V at Screg and Ecofalt® at Sacer), along with low temperature mastic asphalt (Neophalte® BT at Smac);
• progressively replacing synthetic chemicals and petrochemical products with plant-based products, such as Vegefl ux® fl uxing agent or Vegeclair® binder, the carbon negative range launched in 2010;
• absorbing nitrogen compounds emitted by vehicles using innovative surfacing (Colclean®, fi rst project completed in France in 2010);
• recycling used materials, with in particular the use of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) from old demolished roadways to manufacture new mixes (3E®+R mixes, Valorcol® in-place recycling at Colas, Recycold® V at Screg, which won an award at the 2010 Mayors Convention in Paris);
• decreasing the thickness of road courses (Colgrill® R surfacing combining a fi berglass grid and asphalt mix, winner of the 2010 Sustainable Development Innovation Award).
Backed by EcologicieL® software previously developed by Colas, teams from the Group played a major role alongside specialists from the entire French road industry in the design of the USIRF's eco-comparing software tool SEVE®. Decision-makers were very receptive to the project, and the software has enabled a number of contracts to be won with eco-friendly technical alternatives (less energy consumption and reduced greenhouse gas emissions).
Reducing traffi c noise has long been a priority at Colas, and improvements continue to be made to noise-reducing surfacing techniques in this aim: latest generation of Nanosoft® and Rugosoft® noise-reducing mix developed by Colas, Microville® HP at Screg and Miniphone® S 0/4 at Sacer.
Lastly, improving the environment can also be a question of creating visually–appealing surroundings: research and development teams focus on highlighting the natural color of aggregates, without bitumen, thanks to translucent plant-based binders (in 2010, Sacer launched the Sacerbike® process).
In the fi eld of road safety and user information, teams spotlight the creation of energy-autonomous automatic tools to collect, process and display data, as well as the design of new plant-based safety marking processes that do not give off any volatile organic compounds (e.g., Vegemark® water-based road marking paint with plantbased binder designed by Aximum).
These targets and research programs are in line with the commitments made in France by the French national public works federation (FNTP) as part of a voluntary agreement signed on March 25, 2009.
Using special products and techniques around the world
In 2010, a number of projects undertaken by international and French overseas units used the Group's special products and processes:
– in Belgium, Vegecol® mixes with plant-based binder were used;
– in Switzerland, there was a surge in interest for the latest generation of Nanosoft® noise-reducing mixes;
– in the United Kingdom, Microville® noise-reducing mix was employed for the fi rst time;
– on Jersey and the Isle of Man, special airfi eld asphalt mixes (BBA) have been used to reinforce runways;
– in Denmark, Vegecol® surface dressings and noisereducing mixes were applied;
– in Hungary, several projects brought into play warm mixes with CWM® from Chemoran and Rugosoft® noisereducing mixes;
– in Poland and Slovakia, teams employed warm mixes with CWM® from Chemoran;
– in Romania and the Czech Republic, modifi ed bitumen was spotlighted;
– in Croatia, reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) techniques were used for the fi rst time;
– in North America (United States and Canada), Ecomat® warm mix continued to progress, with overall tonnage in the United States multiplied by almost fi ve compared to 2009, i.e, 14% of total asphalt mix production. The use of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) techniques is still on the rise in the United States (18% of total asphalt production). In Alberta, Canada, in-place recycling is being highlighted. In both countries, the Fibermat crack-resistant technique is popular (nearly 4 million m2 applied in 2010); the fi rst test sections involving Vegefl ux® plant-based fl ux have been launched and a North American eco-comparing software has been developed with the assistance of the Colas Campus for Science and Techniques;
– in the Caribbean/French Guiana, teams are using high modulus asphalt mixes and Rodal® open graded percolated mix;
– in Gabon, bids were made with technical alternatives including rut-resistant mix and reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP);
– in Morocco, Betofl ex®, Colbase® and Multicol® special mixes were applied and focus was set on developing colored mastic asphalt;
– in the Indian Ocean and Pacifi c Rim, warm mixes were used on more than 50% of the asphalt projects in Mayotte; in Mauritius, teams applied high modulus asphalt mixes, modifi ed bitumen Betofl ex® and Rufl ex® mixes and extruded concrete; Vegefl ux® plant-based fl ux was employed in Reunion Island and an Eco-tri sorting station was created; in New Caledonia, a 200,000-m2 microsurfacing project was completed;
– in Asia, the Stabicol in-place recycling technique enjoyed strong development (154,000 m2), along with emulsion-based surfacing techniques in Thailand; modifi ed bitumen sales were up sharply in China; Colquick® asphalt mixes were applied in South Korea.
Responsible development
Approach
Colas – a leading force in the construction and maintenance of transport infrastructure, urban development and recreational facilities – has developed an approach to responsible development based on the conviction that it can and must meet the needs and aspirations of its customers and society in a responsible manner. This approach takes into account the issues of contemporary society and its sometimes contradictory objectives, which range from fostering social cohesion and fi ghting climate change to meeting transportation needs and improving living environments.
In developing its Responsible Development approach, Colas began by assessing the interrelationships between its stakeholders and the potential impact of these relationships on their needs. These are mapped out in the table below:
| Customers | Human resources |
Communities and their institutions |
Environment and inspection bodies |
Suppliers | Shareholders | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Customers | ||||||
| Human resources | ||||||
| Communities and their institutions |
||||||
| Environment and inspection bodies |
||||||
| Suppliers | ||||||
| Shareholders |
Strategic challenge Major impact Considerable impact Average risk Low risk Non-significant
Three main lessons emerge from this assessment: our people out in the fi eld play a key role in determining how Colas is perceived; environmental considerations are critical to this image (particularly in relation to the production of construction materials); and customers are an important source of feedback at the local level as part of the ongoing dialogue between Colas, communities and their institutions.
Based on the analysis of stakeholder interrelationships and risks as shown in the table above, Colas' approach to responsible development is underpinned by three strategic targets and fi ve major targets. The three strategic targets are critical for Colas to develop its business and thrive in the long term, and their achievement depends largely on Colas. They include: human resources development, social acceptance of production sites, and ethics. Colas does not have as much leeway in meeting its other fi ve targets, even though some, such as energy, may be considered every bit as important. These major targets include: safety, corporate citizenship in developing countries, energy and greenhouse gases, recycling, and chemical hazards. For each of these targets a policy of continuous progress has been established and is coordinated at each level of the organization. For most of these targets, global performance indicators and goals have been specifi ed. This approach seeks to foster a culture of continuous improvement at all Colas' work sites and plants worldwide. It was rated AA+ by extra-fi nancial rating agency BMJ. This motivation is also refl ected in the many actions the Group's operating units undertake in their communities.
In 2010, a reporting software application deployed worldwide enabled the Colas Group's 840 legal entities, 800 works units and 1,400 production sites to report a uniform set of specifi cally defi ned performance indicators for the fi rst time. After analysis and verifi cation of these indicators by Colas' Environment department, a detailed report is sent to the operations managers of the 61 "head entities" (subsidiaries or national head offi ces), which perform the fi rst level of internal control. More specifi c objectives and reporting requirements are drawn up with some of these entities, and new action plans are prepared each year with chief operating offi cers and safety, energy, environment, quality, health, diversity and other managers, in accordance with Colas' decentralized organizational structure. In each country, aggregates, binders, mixes, concrete, paint, asphalt, bitumen and other construction materials meet all applicable standards and certifi cation requirements, such as material safety data sheet obligations (mostly in the OECD countries) and EC marking in the European Union. Plants are also working to obtain Eco-Profi les or other voluntary certifi cations.
" We have been observing Colas very closely over the last fi ve years, and what strikes us is the extent to which the commitment to sustainable development issues is deeply rooted throughout all of the Group's business units. When we assessed their performance in this fi eld, we gave them a rating of AA+, on a scale of AAA to DDD. Colas' determination to advance on issues that are completely new to the Group, in addition to a corporate culture focused on improvement and sharing – and not just satisfactory communication: these are the cornerstones of management practices at Colas. Corporate Social Responsibility is a very serious matter and the issue is well coordinated at Colas. The Group ensures that all environmental, societal and social undertakings are coherent, and that the focus remains on acting before communicating. In our minds, cautiousness of this nature is fi tting for a group with so many stakeholders. The men and women at Colas are hard at work to pave the way for Corporate Social Responsibility, even if we have to admit that there is still a long way to go."
Pascal Bello, Chairman and Chief Executive Offi cer of BMJ Ratings(1)
(1) Extra-fi nancial rating agency specialized in Sustainable Development and Corporate Social Responsibility rating.
Three strategic targets
These three targets are of crucial importance for the development and continued existence of Colas, which enjoys a genuine scope of action and initiative in these areas.
Renewal and enrichment of human resources
Colas devotes considerable means to anticipating and accompanying growth.
This policy is founded on fi ve strong commitments:
- hiring talent and respecting diversity to meet future needs;
- developing skills to promote and adapt to change;
- favoring and organizing mobility;
• promoting a productive environment at work, based on enjoying one's job and valuing employees;
• protecting and improving life at work.
RECRUITMENT AND DIVERSITY
Continuation of recruitment efforts in 2010
Recruitment in 2010 by geographic area:
| Zone | Managers | Workers | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| France | 746 | 1,327 | 2,073 |
| International | 862 | 1,603 | 2,465 |
| incl. Europe | 283 | 569 | 852 |
| North America | 269 | 668 | 937 |
| Africa/Indian Ocean/ Asia |
310 | 366 | 676 |
| TOTAL | 1,608 | 2,930 | 4,538 |
In a diffi cult economic environment in 2010, Colas maintained an active recruitment policy to ensure that it would be ready for the future. In all, over 4,500 people were hired (vs 5,800 in 2009). France accounted for some 2,100 of these new recruits (vs 2,400 the previous year). There were once again many new hires in North America and Mauritius, where business is expanding, and at Colas Rail, which recruited 300 people in 2010. In contrast, hiring in Europe slipped by 50% in 2010, mainly due to the drop off in business in central Europe.
Links with schools, internships and work/study programs: special recruitment focus
Apart from the many actions undertaken to promote the Group's career opportunities and raise its profi le among all categories of job seekers to attract the best candidates (such as open-house days and "Public Works ambassadors" at regional public works federations in France), Colas and its subsidiaries develop and maintain strong links with many schools and universities. In France, these include vocational high-schools, university technology schools, the ESITC engineering school in Cachan, the École des mines in Alès, the École centrale in Lille and the ESTP. In North America, close ties have also been developed with Penn State University and the École de technologie supérieure in Montreal. These actions include providing instruction, sitting on evaluation panels, participating in forums and sponsoring events, graduating classes, schools and students and organizing open-house days at worksites and plants.
Work-study programs, which involve all qualifi cation levels, and student internships are two other preferred means of recruitment. In 2010, 380 young people were trained and evaluated under work-study programs before being hired (vs 600 in 2009). Colas also received 2,260 interns (vs 2,500 in 2009), including 275 outside of France (430 in 2009).
Diversity and the enrichment of our collective intelligence
One way that Colas seeks to increase the diversity of its workforce is through its recruitment policy. This is especially true in mainland France, where laws encourage the hiring and retention of cultural groups that are generally under-represented in the workplace, such as people over 50, the disabled, and low-skilled young people. Increasing gender diversity is also a key objective.
A "Diversity" module has been added to the Group's management training program and to the Colas Campus University-1 curriculum, to help managers develop and manage diversity and make it an asset for their company.
People over 50
Pursuant to the agreement concluded with the social partners in December 2009, subsidiaries in mainland France have undertaken actions to encourage the employment of people age 50 and older. Some, such as Colas Nord-Picardie, Screg Sud-Est and Colas Mayotte, have achieved impressive results. In all, about a hundred of these "seniors" have been hired in France. Experienced employees are often used to train young people under mentoring programs.
Employing the disabled
Under the agreement signed in October 2009 with Agefiph in France, studies to accommodate the disabled in the workplace were conducted in 18 subsidiaries in mainland France in 2010. For each of these subsidiaries, action plans were drawn up to increase employee disability awareness, retain and recruit disabled employees, promote the recognition of disabled workers and procurement from institutions who provide work for the disabled. A group-wide agreement is to be signed with Agefi ph in early 2011.
Many subsidiaries in France, Morocco, Djibouti, the United States and New Caledonia have already undertaken initiatives to promote the recruitment, training and retention of disabled employees. Efforts to make premises accessible to people with limited mobility are being pursued. A guide book on adapting work for people who have suffered a work-related accident was prepared and disseminated this year.
Colas won the "Keeping Disabled Workers Employed" prize at the 2010 Diversity Awards, organized by the University of Corte, in Corsica.
The hard-to-employ
Colas is pursuing its ambitious policy to recruit and train people who are having a particularly diffi cult time fi nding employment and especially young people with few or no qualifi cations.
In France, partnership arrangements have been established with local organizations, and temporary employment agencies specialized in placing the hard-toemploy. Many subsidiaries have trained youth from disadvantaged areas to work on government contracts that have specifi c employment criteria (e.g., the T3 tramway in Île-de-France and the Dijon tramway). For the fi fth consecutive year, Colas pursued its partnership with the public-sector agency EPIDe to enable lowskilled youth from age 18 to 21 to learn about the Group's job skills, receive several months of on-the-job training and possibly be offered a job.
International subsidiaries that work on projects in disadvantaged areas generally try to hire locally whenever possible. Colas Belgium is continuing its special training and hiring program for the long-term unemployed. Subsidiaries in the United States hire people from underprivileged communities under Equal Employment Opportunity programs.
Gender diversity
Breakdown of male and female employees in 2010:
| Management | Workers | Total | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mainland France | Men | 81.3% | 99.4% | 91.9% |
| Women | 18.7% | 0.6% | 8.1% | |
| International | Men | 76.9% | 94.2% | 89.8% |
| Women | 23.1% | 5.8% | 10.2% |
Women accounted for 8.1% of Colas' mainland French workforce in 2010 (vs 8.3% in 2009) and for 10.2% outside of France (vs 9.2% in 2009).
The number of women in jobs that have been traditionally held by men – such as heavy-equipment operators and site supervisors in France and foremen in Morocco – is increasing very slowly. Women are more commonly found in engineering departments and in managementrelated occupations. The North American subsidiaries tend to have higher ratios of female employees (25% at Canadian Road Builders). In France, IT subsidiary Speig employs 32% women.
On the basis of a study conducted in 2010 on the career development of women employees in the Group's French subsidiaries, progress actions have been proposed to get more women interested in job opportunities at Colas and to facilitate their internal promotion and skills development.
New employee induction
Given the diversity of people that Colas recruits and its high standards for safety and performance, all new recruits must benefi t from extensive induction training.
This training may take various forms in each subsidiary, including mentoring in France and the United States, induction-training days or weekends, regional employeeinduction programs over several months or years and Leadership Rotation Programs in some North American subsidiaries which enable young managers to work in different entities for several months to gain familiarity with different business activities and work environments. New recruits are given special induction training materials that include welcome books, charters, videos and logbooks, with a strong emphasis on increasing safety awareness, through such tools as the "Induction" training application. After successful completion, trainees are issued a certifi cate of competency.
" In 2008, our profi t center supervisor in Belfort
persuaded us to take part in the regional Euroskills(1) competition, and we won! At the nationals in 2009, we won again, much to everyone's surprise, given the tough competition and the fact that we didn't have a lot of experience." Fabian: "I discovered the construction business by chance, when a foreman invited me to visit a worksite. I fell in love with the job right away." Mathieu: "Since I was little, I've always dreamed of working in construction and in particu-
lar at Colas. One of my neighbors growing up was a supervisor at Colas and absolutely loved his job; he was the one who got me hooked!" "For the European fi nals in 2010 in Lisbon, Por-
tugal, we had to do our very best to live up to the faith people had put in us, and to honor the opportunity that we had been given to represent France, our trade and Colas Est(2).
We used to play soccer on diff erent teams so we had to play against each other, but now we work together towards the same goal, focusing on the quality of our work and on adding a special personal touch.
We won the gold, and we would like to dedicate our medal to everyone who had faith in us, who trained us, who taught us how to be proud of a job well done, basically everything Colas believes in!"
Fabian Millot (24 years old) and Mathieu Machwirth
(22 years old), Gold medal winners in the Roadbuilding category in the 2010 Euroskills competition held in Lisbon, Portugal.
(1) European section of WorldSkills, an organization that promotes expertise and skills in specifi c trades, spotlighting the talent of the people who work in these lines of business. Every two year, the best of each category compete in regional, national and European events. (2) Colas road company based in the east of France.
| Managers and engineers | Office staff and supervisors | Workers | Total | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Country | 2009 | 2010 | % | 2009 | 2010 | % | 2009 | 2010 | % | 2009 | 2010 | % |
| Mainland France + overseas depts and territories |
5,757 | 5,740 | –0.30 | 9,735 | 9,629 | –1.09 | 23,404 | 22,998 | –1.73 | 38,896 | 38,367 | –1.36 |
| Europe (excl. France) | 1,188 | 961 | –19.11 | 3,108 | 3,215 | 3.44 | 9,169 | 8,478 | –7.54 | 13,465 | 12,654 | –6.02 |
| Total Europe | 6,945 | 6,701 | –3.51 | 12,843 | 12,844 | 0.01 | 32,573 | 31,476 | –3.37 | 52,361 | 51,021 | –2.56 |
| North America | 539 | 553 | 2.60 | 1,767 | 1,776 | 0.51 | 4,853 | 5,118 | 5.46 | 7,159 | 7,447 | 4.02 |
| Africa/Asia | 325 | 367 | 12.92 | 922 | 927 | 0.54 | 3,734 | 3,805 | 1.90 | 4,981 | 5,099 | 2.37 |
| Indian Ocean | 151 | 163 | 7.95 | 513 | 552 | 7.60 | 6,153 | 4,613 | –25.03 | 6,817 | 5,328 | –21.84 |
| TOTAL | 7,960 | 7,784 | –2.21 | 16,045 | 16,099 | 0.34 | 47,313 | 45,012 | –4.86 | 71,318 | 68,895 | –3.40 |
Workforce in 2010 (rolling 12-month average)
The Colas Group's worldwide workforce shrank 3% in 2010, from over 71,300 in 2009 to almost 68,900. This may mainly be attributed to the lack of major projects, the cancellation of two large PPP contracts (the Tramtrain on Reunion Island and the D1 highway in Slovakia), the sharp drop in business in central Europe, and the adjustment of hiring to bring the workforce into line with market trends.
Streamlining
The streamlining of the Group's organization continued in 2010, in the wake of the second consecutive year of rapidly declining activity in central Europe and French overseas departments. The drop-off in business in Croatia, Romania, Slovakia, the French West Indies and Reunion Island required layoff plans involving 525 people.
MOBILITY
In 2010, Colas continued to build stronger synergies between entities in France and worldwide, electing to respond to lower activity in some geographic areas or regions by transferring staff between its subsidiaries. This geographic mobility has been successful and has demonstrated the solidarity, complementarity and unity of the Group's subsidiaries. The further synergies generated have helped to protect jobs in mainland France, most notably in the Western region, where subsidiaries set up a "labor exchange" at Colas Échangeur Nantes that enables them to share personnel on a day-to-day basis. Other examples include: Colas Centre-Ouest and Sacer Atlantique, who sent employees to work on tramway projects in the Île-de-France region around Paris; Smac, which supplied Colas Est with people for its Reims tramway project; and Screg Sud-Est, which has set up a "job exchange" between its operating units. Subsidiaries in North America also showed that they were able to transfer employees where they were needed, with Terus and Works Alberta lending personnel to other Canadian subsidiaries. In the Indian Ocean region, Malagasy employees were made available to Colas Mauritius and Colas Madagascar expatriate employees travelled abroad to work for other Colas companies.
The Human Resources department's Mobility and Career Development unit handled about 100 employee transfers in 2010. In all, almost 400 people were redeployed in France, including 75% between subsidiaries.
Mobility guidelines have been standardized for all subsidiaries in mainland France. The Group has introduced specifi c measures to assist spouses of employees in fi nding new jobs.
TRAINING AND INTERNAL PROMOTION
Colas' training budget for 2010 totaled 4% of combined payroll in France and more than 2.5% outside of France. This is because training is essential for career development and multi-skilling facilitates employee mobility and reclassifi cation when the economy slows down.
Training actions and hours in 2010:
| Hours | Actions | |
|---|---|---|
| France | 490,600 | 30,200 |
| International | 484,800 | 71,900 |
| TOTAL | 975,400 | 102,100 |
There are signifi cant differences between French and international subsidiaries when it comes to training, mainly due to different regulatory frameworks. In France, training is generally provided over a longer period than elsewhere around the world, where it is usually given on an ad hoc basis in the fi eld.
All Colas employees, regardless of their job position, can receive training. In mainland France over 2010, workers received 52% of training (by time), while offi ce staff and supervisors received 27% and management 21%. Outside of France, the distribution of training hours for each employee category is 51% for workers, 36% for offi ce staff and supervisors and 13% for management.
The broad spectrum of training provided refl ects the diversity of the Group's workforce, activities and career opportunities. These range from basic reading and writing skills for workers, mix application, equipment operation and government contract dematerialization, to cross-disciplinary training in such areas as management and social cohesion and fi nally to broader Colas University training programs. Among the various subjects covered, safety continues to be a priority, accounting for 38% of training hours in 2010 in mainland France and elsewhere around the world. Work methods and equipment account for 25% of training hours in mainland France and 31% elsewhere around the world, general training for 18% in mainland France and 4% elsewhere around the world, and management and HR training for 9% and 14% respectively.
Colas Campus and Colas University
Some training programs may be selected from among the 150 modules of the Colas Campus catalogue, while others are set up by subsidiaries to meet their specifi c requirements (e.g., the Reims Rail School at Colas Rail; and the Thivars training center at Aximum).
In 2010, Colas Campus, during the year of its twentieth anniversary, enabled more than 4,500 employees (vs 5,500 in 2009) in France to improve their professional skills and acquire new ones. Training programs inspired by Colas Campus designed for expatriate and local managers have been put in place at Colas Madagascar and at the Group's Moroccan subsidiaries.
The Colas Universities form the foundation of this campus. In 2010, training actions included twelve University-1 sessions for 250 recently hired managers and supervisors, seven University-2 sessions to enable experienced managers to further develop their management skills, and two University-3 sessions for operating unit and functional managers. In North America, 44 employees were trained at the Colas University.
Training to foster synergy, multiskilling and internal promotion
Training programs run jointly by two or more subsidiaries are frequent in France and elsewhere in the world. They enable their employees to share their experience, work methods and tools.
Against a background of lower activity levels, some subsidiaries make multiskilling a priority or help their employees make the transition to a new job where Colas lacks resources, such as deconstruction and civil engineering.
Internal promotion is part of the Group's managerial culture. It is part of a forward-looking approach to human resources management that is based on an accurate appraisal of employee potential, an awareness of career goals and a careful assessment of actual requirements in the fi eld. But this policy cannot succeed without suffi cient training. To enable this internal promotion, 6,400 superintendants, 2,700 site supervisors and nearly 4,500 foremen and workers were trained from 2000 to 2010, representing almost 930,000 hours of training. This fi gure shows that the "social ladder" is still working at Colas and that Colas is doing everything necessary to support career development. In 2010, the Group pursued its efforts to enable its French employees to earn professional qualifi cation certifi cates (PQC) by receiving credit for work experience and to provide special training for workers aiming for managerial positions. Some 61 PQCs have already been granted in many subsidiaries.
Some international subsidiaries (such as Colas Morocco and Barrett Industries in the US) are setting up employee evaluation and promotion programs. Colas Mauritius is conducting a campaign to detect high-potential young people and rapidly train them for management positions.
Mentorship
Colas encourages the transfer of knowledge between generations by training mentors who impart their knowhow and experience to new employees. In 2010, 96 mentors were trained in France and elsewhere around the world. In Canada, Sintra was the fi rst to provide specifi c training for mentors.
In France, the Compagnons de la Route, a group of 875 top skilled workers, play a key role in disseminating Colas' values and technical expertise in the fi eld.
HEALTH
A safe and healthy work environment is vital at Colas.
Safety concerns are addressed in detail beginning on page 21.
Colas has undertaken an overall approach to protecting employee health that goes beyond worksite and road safety to include actions to make employees aware of lifestyle-related health risks. Efforts have been undertaken to prevent back injuries by improving equipment ergonomics. Data sheets that present the ergonomic characteristics of equipment have been made available online, and the agreement to encourage the employment of "seniors" in France provides for a taskforce to enhance the ergonomics of smaller equipment and tools and promote their safe use. Many subsidiaries have also implemented "movements and postures" training to encourage employees to avoid back injuries in all work situations. Two examples are Colas Belgium's Back School and Branscome's "Watch your back" campaign in the United States. In several subsidiaries in France and abroad (such as Delta in the United States), studies have been conducted to assess the noise and vibration caused by certain types of equipment, and efforts are being made to limit their use. Reducing dust, particularly in quarries, is also a key concern at many subsidiaries, such as Colas Midi-Méditerranée, Colas Reunion Industries and Colas Mayotte.
The subject of exposure to chemicals is dealt with further in the section on "Chemical Hazards" challenge (see page 26), while exposure to bitumen fumes is covered in the same section (page 26) and in the "Operational risk" section (page 31).
To help employees in France manage and reduce stress, Colas and its social partners have signed a "method agreement" to deal with this problem and improve employee well-being. A task force consisting of about twenty people representing the Group's main trades and functions will conduct a comprehensive review of stressful situations and work organization, working in collaboration with an occupational health doctor and the French safety and research institute INRS. An initial report has been submitted to the Monitoring Committee, which includes the social partners, and an action plan will be drawn up in 2011.
Subsidiaries and operating units are also pursuing their efforts to prevent drug and alcohol abuse, for example by organizing awareness-raising workshops. Operating unit managers in France will soon be provided with a "toolbox" to help them deal with this problem.
Lastly, certain subsidiaries (in Switzerland, South Africa and the United States) provide medical checkups for their employees. In Madagascar, Benin and Gabon, health centers and medical staff are made available to employees and their families, and programs to prevent AIDS and other sexually transmissible diseases are being pursued.
EMPLOYEE COMPENSATION AND RECOGNITION
Colas' management culture is founded on values that include respect for employees, fair treatment, recognition, dialogue with employee representatives and attractive total compensation.
Pay and benefi ts
Colas has always made it a point to ensure that pay packages are attractive and motivating, based on the recognition of individual efforts and performance. Salaries consist of a fi xed part and a variable part that depends on the achievement of objectives, individual responsibilities and Company performance. In 2010, due to the economic environment and the uncertain outlook for 2011, the main objective in terms of wage policy was to preserve employment. Although aggregate payroll has consequently stopped growing, employee purchasing power has been maintained. Special attention has been paid to the lowest salaries.
In addition to their salaries, Group employees are entitled to various benefi ts that include pension and life insurance plans, healthcare coverage and various employee savings plans that may vary in accordance with local laws. In 2010, the agreement on health care costs was extended to French overseas subsidiaries in the Caribbean.
In France, profi t-sharing agreements enable employees to reap the fruit of Colas' long-term success. In 2010, Colas signed a Group profi t sharing agreement that applies to 20 subsidiaries in mainland France and the Échangeurs. This agreement takes into account not only the subsidiary's fi nancial performance but also its safety rating, to ensure that safety is not a secondary consideration. Employees can also invest in the Bouygues Group's company savings plan, its PERCO retirement savings plan and Bouygues Confi ance 5 plan, in which 30% of all French employees and 18% of workers have invested since it was proposed at the end of 2010. Under the Bouygues Confi ance 3 plan, which ran from 2006 to 2010, employees earned a return of 30% over this fi veyear period.
Outside of France, pay packages depend largely on local laws and performance is taken into account to determine individual salaries and benefi ts.
Payroll costs and social security contributions in 2010 (France):
| in thousands of euros | 2009 | 2010 | % 10/09 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Salaries and wages | 2,126,141 | 2,186,864 | 2.86% |
| Social security charges | 757,370 | 756,815 | –0.07% |
| Total payroll expenses |
2,883,511 | 2,943,679 | 2.09% |
| Employer contribution to PEE |
28,924(1) | 24,417 | –15.58% |
| Profi t sharing | 13,055 | 10,984 | –15.86% |
| Incentive scheme | – | 2,889 | – |
| Total employer contribution, profi t sharing and incentive scheme |
41,979 | 38,290 | –8.79% |
| TOTAL PAYROLL COSTS AND OTHER ADVANTAGES |
2,925,490 | 2.981,969 | 1.93% |
| Outside personnel | 267,903 | 313,944 | 17.19%(2) |
(1) Employer contribution to PEE was amplifi ed by "Bouygues Partage 2" operation.
(2) This change is attributable to the increase and type of work sites in the rail business, in addition to the increase in exceptional highway work sites in Switzerland.
Gross salaries per month in 2010 (France): (in hundreds of euros)
Company savings plan (PEE) and retirement savings plan (PERCO) in 2010 (France):
| Bouygues PEE |
Number of subscribers |
% of workforce |
Total aggregate employee deposits(1) (in euros) |
Average individual deposits (in euros) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Managers | 3,633 | 63.29% | 10,639,545 | 2,929 |
| Offi ce staff and supervisors |
4,098 | 42.56% | 7,379,985 | 1,801 |
| Workers | 4,697 | 20.42% | 5,799,006 | 1,235 |
| TOTAL | 12,428 | 32.39% 23,818,536 | 1,917 |
| Colas Monétaire |
Number of subscribers |
% of workforce |
Total aggregate employee deposits(1) (in euros) |
Average individual deposits (in euros) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Managers | 101 | 1.76% | 107,221 | 1,062 |
| Offi ce staff and supervisors |
127 | 1.32% | 101,092 | 796 |
| Workers | 156 | 0.68% | 115,827 | 742 |
| TOTAL | 384 | 1.00% | 324,140 | 844 |
| PERCO | Number of subscribers |
% of workforce |
Total aggregate employee deposits(1) (in euros) |
Average individual deposits (in euros) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Managers | 458 | 7.98% | 804,326 | 1,756 |
| Offi ce staff and supervisors |
204 | 2.12% | 133,283 | 653 |
| Workers | 116 | 0.50% | 77,440 | 668 |
| TOTAL | 778 | 2.03% | 1,015,049 | 1,305 |
(1) Employee deposits excluding matching contribution from employer.
Comparison between average annual salaries paid by Colas and minimum annual legal salaries by country or geographic area in 2010:
| Mainland France |
Hungary | Great Britain |
Switzerland | Morocco | Madagascar | United States |
Canada (3) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Average annual | Machine driver | 24,411 | 8,575 | 29,114 | 59,115 | 5,374 | 1,152 | 39,728 | 23,375 |
| salary paid by Colas * (in euros) |
Foreman | 34,239 | 13,730 | 44,697 | 76,811 | 13,116 (1) | 2,628 (2) | 45,108 | 32,725 |
| Minimum annual legal salary per country (in euros) |
16,125 | 3,173 | 14,555 | 45,673 ** | 2,213 | 336 | 11,072 | 12,150 *** |
For international operations, an exchange rate at December 31 is applied.
(*) Average annual salary for the fi xed portion. (**) The minimum salary is the salary for the construction sector. (***) The average minimum salary for provinces where Colas carries out business.
(1) Attributable to the hiring of a large number of young people (with lower initial salaries) in 2010.
(2) Attributable to a much lower number of overtime hours worked in 2010 comparing to 2009.
(3) Increase comparing to 2009 due to 2009/2010 CAD/EUR exchange rate change.
In France and elsewhere around the world, salaries and benefi ts are kept above legally required minimums to enhance the appeal of working in the construction industry and for the Group.
The gradual strengthening and convergence of global employee benefi ts
Several foreign subsidiaries have started to converge their pension and health-insurance plans and employee benefi ts within a given geographic region to ensure more consistent treatment among their employees and facilitate their mobility between subsidiaries and other entities.
Other examples of social responsibility initiatives undertaken by subsidiaries – in addition to those in developing countries (see "Corporate citizenship actions in developing countries", page 24) – include various programs providing on-site assistance from social workers for employees.
Local management of labor relations
Employee interests in France are represented through 336 works councils (of which 20 are "central works councils") and through health and safety committees.
International subsidiaries elect their local representatives to parent company Bouygues European Works Council.
In France and elsewhere around the world, labor agreements are generally negotiated with employee trade unions.
Some of the new agreements negotiated and signed with the social partners in 2010 include: a profi t sharing agreement for mainland France; an agreement on medical expenses in the Caribbean (Martinique and Guadeloupe) and in French Guiana.
A management culture based on respect and recognition
The principles that underpin human resources management at Colas are respect for employees, exemplary behavior, fairness, the promotion of initiative and team spirit, recognition of accomplishments and gradual empowerment as employees gain confi dence through action.
Special efforts have been made to improve the annual appraisal interview process in France where progress is recorded. These efforts are now being extended to the international subsidiaries. Some subsidiaries organize employee satisfaction surveys.
Social acceptance of production sites
Colas operates a large number of sites where it makes a broad range of construction materials that includes aggregates, ready-mix concrete, asphalt mixes, bitumen and emulsions. Since most countries, and in particular local communities, are increasingly reluctant to accept these sites. Colas' action plans are twofold:
EXEMPLARY PRODUCTION SITES
Each site has a duty to implement progress actions that go beyond just complying with regulations. The main means of achieving this is to obtain environmental certifi cation, such as ISO 14001. Progress actions are documented and measured using global checklists that cover most materials production activities and are used to prepare action plans that are in turn incorporated into French and international internal control systems. By the end of 2010, 80% of Colas' revenue in materials production sites complied with at least one certifi cation system or used the internal checklists. The objective is to rapidly increase this fi gure to 90%.
ONGOING DIALOGUE WITH NEIGHBORING COMMUNITIES
Maintaining an open dialogue with local communities makes it possible to understand their expectations, explain the reality and constraints of production sites, and promote mutual comprehension to prevent crisis situations. In 2010, 46% of revenue at Colas materials production sites had set up a formal procedure for communicating with their local community (vs 32% in 2009). The objective is to exceed 50%.
As for Colas' construction work, it has little direct impact on the environment:
– new construction projects account for not quite 20% of total revenue. Their impact is assessed during the design phase and Colas' role during construction is generally limited to complying with its customers' environmental requirements and proposing improvements when possible;
– the bulk of the Group's projects average less than 100,000 euros and involve the maintenance, replacement or modifi cation of existing road or rail systems. These projects require no additional land area and the land used has already been surfaced or otherwise prepared. Environmental requirements therefore mainly have to do with effl uent and solid waste, most of which is inert.
In addition to its day-to-day efforts to be a good neighbor, Colas also deploys a variety of eco-friendly technologies, such as trenchless pipe replacement and Nanosoft® noise reducing pavement, which is increasingly popular with customers, local communities and drivers. Indeed, noise is considered to be the greatest environmental nuisance. Over 130,000 m2 of Nanosoft® were laid in 2010.
Ethics
Colas makes no compromises when it comes to ethical principles and integrity. Ethics are a cornerstone of the Group's internal control system and violations are sanctioned. Employees who are exposed to corruption are regularly reminded of the need to scrupulously observe ethical rules and training is systematically provided to top managers. Colas also complies with the Bouygues' Ethics Code, which was fi rst released in 2006, is updated annually and is systematically disseminated. An environment of transparent and fair competition best enables Colas to use its organization, technology and know-how most effectively and foster a long-term partnership relationship with its customers. Transparent dissemination of information is the cornerstone of career satisfaction and managerial effi ciency, since personal and corporate values must be in harmony to sustain individual commitment and motivation.
The Ethics Committee reporting to the Colas' Board of Directors reviews any situation that could present an ethical risk along with all corporate sponsoring and patronage contracts above 20,000 euros.
Colas has implemented many concrete actions to ensure ethical behavior and transparency, often in collaboration with independent partners, such as:
– the Association Qualité Pesage (AQP), which was created with independent inspection agencies Socotec and Veritas to ensure the traceabilty of asphalt plant deliveries by equipping them with a tamper-proof weighing system. For nearly ten years, Colas has been asking public contracting authorities to require that all of their mixing plants be equipped with such a system. They are now used to weigh three fourths of the tons of all asphalt mixes made in France;
– setting up an exchange for selling pre-owned construction equipment: in France, Colas was behind the creation of an auction exchange for pre-owned construction equipment that is operated by a large international company and subject to the control of Tracfi n, in order to avoid illegal transactions and money-laundering. Since the launch of this initiative in 2006, Colas has sold 35 million euros worth of pre-owned construction equipment through this exchange, corresponding to 1,950 units, to buyers in more than 40 countries.
Five other major targets
Colas has less fl exibility to address these fi ve additional targets than it does for the previous three, even though some are just as important. Regarding energy conservation for example, Colas has little to say about the use of alternative energy sources or the motors installed on its equipment. Nonetheless, Colas is well aware of the importance of these issues and makes substantial investments to improve performance.
Safety
Ensuring the safety of its employees has been at the heart of Colas' concerns for many years. Respect for human resources begins with safety. The safety targets set in 2005 for 2010 have been achieved. The accident frequency rate was less than 10 in France, over 50% of operating units in metropolitan France had no work accidents, and over 30% of the Group's global workforce had received rescue and fi rst-aid training. The targets set for 2015 are: an accident frequency rate of less than 5% for the Group's employees and 20% for temporary employees in France; over 300 operating units with zero accidents in mainland France and 35% of Group employees trained in rescue and fi rst-aid. Colas vigilantly enforces its safety policy.
WORK ACCIDENTS
After a substantial improvement in 2009, the accident frequency rate rose slightly in 2010, to 9.97 in mainland France (vs 9.66) and to 6.08 elsewhere (vs 5.98).
Colas Group safety indicators(1):
| Mainland French subsidiaries |
Frequency rate |
Annual severity rate |
Security index |
Fatal work accidents |
Fatal accidents on work related journeys |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2008 | 11.62 | 0.48 | 5.58 | 6 | 2 |
| 2009 | 9.66 | 0.42 | 4.06 | 2 | 0 |
| 2010 | 9.97 | 0.48 | 4.79 | 1 | 2 |
| International subsidiaries |
Frequency rate |
Annual severity rate |
Security index |
Fatal work accidents |
Fatal accidents on work related journeys |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2008 | 6.99 | 0.21 | 1.47 | 5 | 1 |
| 2009 | 5.98 | 0.19 | 1.14 | 6 | 1 |
| 2010 | 6.08 | 0.16 | 0.97 | 6 | 2 |
(1) The difference in rates between the Group's operations in France and elsewhere in the world is primarily the result of differences in regulatory defi nitions of work accidents in various countries. A much broader defi nition is used in France than in most other countries.
Change in global frequency rate over the last ten years:
Furthermore, the number of "zero-accident" operating units with over ten employees in mainland France increased from 230 to 234 in 2010, and represent over 50% of total entities.
Employee awareness-raising and risk assessment
Colas provides its subsidiaries with various tools and materials for making sure that employees are fully aware of public works industry hazards. One example is the "Induction" software application, which enables each employee to review the various hazards and safety instructions associated with his or her job. This tool is systematically used in mainland France to train new recruits and temporary employees and is currently being translated into Malagasy and Dutch. Since temporary workers tend to have more accidents, Colas has revised the safety clauses of its contracts with temporary staffi ng companies in France and has worked with them to prepare safety action plans, in addition to the numerous targeted safety actions of the subsidiaries. Colas' Hazards application helps entities complete the master hazard assessment form and prepare safety action plans, while the Lara application is used to assess chemical hazards. Lastly, in 2010, Colas set up a procedure for monitoring serious and fatal accidents to ensure that their causes are eliminated at the earliest possible phase.
Each subsidiary also implements the specifi c safety actions and tools it needs for its business activities and employees. This may include, for example: providing training in specifi c areas (such as working with high voltage lines), videos, booklets, sketches, photos of worksites followed by debriefi ngs, having employees sign Safety Commitment Charters (at Screg Île-de-France Normandie) and paying bonuses to managers and supervisors for good safety performance (at Branscome in the US). In countries where they are permitted, random drug tests (United States) and alcohol tests (South Africa) are carried out at construction sites.
Safer equipment
Safety can also be improved through innovation to make construction equipment safer and improve personal protection equipment. Efforts in this area include systematically installing back-up cameras on some vehicles, rear guardrails on some vehicle bodies and ultrasonic radar, and cameras, etc.
Getting everyone committed to safety
All Colas managers are committed to safety. Those responsible for ensuring safety in the fi eld (such as QSE managers, regional safety inspectors, entity safety managers and driving safety coordinators) play a key role in the implementation, operation and coordination of the Group's safety policy and help prevent accidents through site audits, entities auditing each other, toolbox safety talks and safety days.
The safety awards and contests that are organized between the various operating units, subsidiaries, and countries foster a process of virtuous emulation. The 2010 Crystal Woodpecker Award was granted to Colas SudOuest in France and to Terus in Canada. Some subsidiaries have created their own safety contest, such as Sacer Atlantique's "Secur'idées" challenge.
Employees trained in fi rst aid
Training in fi rst aid is benefi cial not only for employees, their friends and family, but also for society as a whole. It also strengthens everyone's safety awareness.
Change in the number of employees trained in fi rst aid:
| 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| France | 10,290 | 11,225 | 11,441 |
| International | 6,774 | 8,128 | 8,307 |
| TOTAL | 17,064 | 19,353 | 19,748 |
In 2010, the percentage of the workforce who had received occupational rescue and fi rst-aid training increased from 29% in 2009 to 31% (19,748 employees). First-aid training has been provided to at least 40% of employees in some subsidiaries, such as Sacer Sud-Est, Screg Sud-Est and Screg Sud-Ouest. Colas also has more than 162 volunteer fi refi ghters among its employees in mainland France.
ROAD SAFETY
As an important factor in human progress that is closely linked to the businesses of the Group's road subsidiaries (road construction and maintenance, security and signaling), road safety is a fundamental priority for Colas. Beginning in 1997, when the fi rst road safety charter was signed in France, since renewed three times and supplemented by a European charter, which has also been renewed, Colas has pursued highly proactive policies to prevent road accidents.
The subsidiaries have hundreds of Road Safety Relay Offi cers who promote good practice of safe and fueleffi cient driving (Scope 3 software, to promote safe and economical driving), give advice on avoiding accidents, rationalize organization in the workplace and on worksites, improve travel management, ensure that regular checks are carried out on the condition of vehicles with passive and active safety equipment (such as reversing radars), and implement sustainable and effective programs for specifi c topics such as light commercial vehicles (including safe transport, vehicle loading and limiting the speed of vehicles, etc). The exchange of experience and the promoting of best practices are encouraged and supported by a powerful internal communications system and an active policy of fostering emulation and motivating subsidiaries and operating units to continually improve their performance. One example of this effort is the 2010 French Road Safety Challenge, which was won by Colas Centre-Ouest.
In 2010, over 30,000 handbooks on driving safely and economically were distributed specifi cally for heavy equipment operators and truck and van drivers. A campaign to raise fuel-saving awareness was launched at all Colas facilities worldwide. It convincingly demonstrated how effective adopting a calm driving manner can be in not only lowering fuel consumption and preserving the environment, but also in reducing traffi c accidents.
The accident frequency rate involving the Group's vehicles in France once again improved in 2010, with 0.082 accidents, compared to 0.084 in 2009. Since the fi rst road safety charter was signed thirteen years ago, the accident frequency rate has dropped by 63%, even though the Group's fl eet of vehicles and site machines has grown by 96%, requiring new drivers to be trained.
Comparison of the change in number of accidents and the vehicle fl eet in France between 1997 and 2010:
| 1997 | 2003 | 2007 | 2010 | Variation 2010/1997 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of vehicles |
13,746 | 20,588 | 25,380 | 26,945 | +96% |
| Number of accidents involving third parties(1) |
3,024 | 2,334 | 2,407 | 2,207 | –27% |
| Frequency | 0.220 | 0.113 | 0.095 | 0.082 | –63% |
(1) Accidents involving third parties deemed liable or not liable based on the principles of avoidability.
This approach is gradually becoming more widespread, adapting to the individual cultures and local rules in all countries and territories in which Colas operates.
Prizes and honors
Remaining true to the Group's annual tradition, Colas' subsidiaries were awarded scores of prizes and honors for safety.
For example, in France, the USIRF safety prize was awarded to subsidiary Screg Est, the Val-de-Reuil and Saint-Romain-de-Colbosc sector of Screg IDFN's Normandy offi ce, and Sacer Paris-Nord-Est's Vesoul offi ce. In Great Britain, the Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents awarded its Gold Award for Occupational Health and Safety to Colas Ltd. In Ireland, Chemoran was honored by the National Irish Safety Organization, while Branscome in the United States received the Virginia Safety Award. In Gabon, a Safety Day was celebrated in recognition of three millions hours of work without a lost-time accident at the Shell worksite. In Asia, several Tasco plants won the Minister of Labor's award of excellence for safety and environmental management in the workplace.
Finally, while certifi cation is not one of Colas' top business development priorities, a number of its agencies worldwide are certifi ed OHSAS 18001, GHESE, MASE, ILO, etc. In 2010, the Group's overall safety certifi cation rate is 37% of its total revenue (worldwide).
Corporate citizenship actions in developing countries
" Colas was building a road from Djougou to Ndali in the north of Benin, and decided to rebuild the schoolhouse in our village, for free. The former building was very run down, and had actually been built by hand by the villagers themselves.
Colas not only provided us with a new building including three classrooms, an offi ce for the headmaster and a store, but the teams come back once a year, right before the kids go back to school after summer break, and check to see that everything is in running order. They have a look at the roof and the paint, and give us school supplies. Once a year, someone from Colas comes in and teaches the children a lesson on the importance of keeping your hands clean.
We were very happy to see that a paved road was being built near our village because we know that a better road network will help foster the development of our country. What's more, the fact that our schoolhouse has been rebuilt means that we have had more and more children enrolling since June 2009, and these children can study in better conditions. When they graduate, they can just ride their bikes every day down the Colas road to the next village to go to the middle school and high school, instead of having to board. Now, we and Colas have the same goal in mind: helping our kids succeed!"
Mangou Orou-gani,
King of the Village of Gosso, in Benin
Infrastructures cannot be exported. They are built on site using local human resources. These projects are highly exposed to the cost of transporting heavy materials and require very short lead-times, with just a few hours for concrete to set or to apply asphalt. Colas has not established its international presence in order to relocate and cut costs, but rather to fi nd new business development opportunities and balance its exposure to country risk.
Colas has been doing substantial business in Morocco and Madagascar for over fi fty years and has also established operations more recently in such countries as South Africa, Benin, Djibouti, Togo and Gabon. In addition to its construction projects, Colas contributes to the economic, social and cultural development and growth of these countries, while helping to protect their environments.
Social: Colas has a progressive policy in terms of pay, training, promotions and employee benefi ts, etc.
Health: the Group's efforts to promote health benefi t not only employees but also their families and local communities. These efforts include, for example, medical check-ups, health-care centers and campaigns to prevent AIDS, the fi ght against malaria and other diseases.
Environment: priority is given to protecting biodiversity, combating deforestation and managing waste.
Community development: Colas builds worksite facilities that can be handed over to local authorities, helps supply water and/or ensure its viability throughout construction work, and provides humanitarian relief when fi re, fl oods or other catastrophes strike nearby communities. Colas also sponsors actions to promote healthcare, employment and education that are mainly targeted to serve local needs and in which local personnel are closely involved.
Human rights: Colas has a policy of using and showing respect for local labor and of treating local communities, contractors and suppliers ethically. In doing so, the Group's employees actively promote human rights in their professional dealings with the rest of society.
Energy and greenhouse gases
The overall business environment is and will continue to be affected by the need to reduce carbon emissions. Aware of the importance of this need, Colas offers a range of low-carbon-cost products and technologies and prepares action plans to enhance the energy effi ciency of its business activities.
ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND EFFICIENCY
Overall assessment: Colas has completed the calculation of its consolidated global carbon footprint, pursuant to "scope 3a" of the ISO 14064 standard, which includes internal and upstream emissions. The fi nal fi gure of 12 million tons of CO2 equivalent is in line with expectations and its segmentation clearly shows that heavy materials are the main contributor (see chart). Colas spent over 100 man-months on this project in 2009 and 2010. It should be noted however that this sort of global fi gure has a margin of uncertainty of up to 20%, despite the quality of the assessment work and the fact that the vertical integration of Colas operations facilitated access to much of the upstream data. The main diffi culties were the disparity between the emissions factors of the national and international databases used and the complexity of estimating the carbon costs of some contractors and product suppliers. Still this calculation provides an approximation that is necessary and useful in evaluating the amounts of CO2 emissions the Colas Group avoided in 2010, i.e., 130,000 tons (vs 230,000 in 2009) or 1% of its total emissions. It also makes it possible to break down the carbon footprint into its main components and thus prepare more effective action plans.
For information, the heading "non-energy" is 0 for Colas.
* For Colas, this involves raw materials and construction materials (29% mixes, 21% concrete and 13% other).
Measuring instruments: in order to compute its energy effi ciency, Colas must measure its fossil fuel consumption, since electrical consumption only accounts for a small proportion of its energy footprint. While it is fairly straightforward to track the consumption of burners at its 600 mixing plants and asphalt plants, it is much more complicated to accurately monitor the consumption of over 70,000 machines and vehicles across over 800 entities and 1,400 production sites. Colas has therefore fi tted 2,000 of its machines and vehicles with energy consumption meters and is talking to equipment suppliers to develop new common standards and transmit and receive data in real time.
Contribution of employees: in late 2009, Colas launched a major campaign in France and worldwide to get operators of construction equipment and truck drivers to reduce their fuel consumption by 20%, by adopting eco-driving habits and switching off engines when equipment or vehicles are stationary. This campaign highlights the three advantages of eco-driving, which reduces costs, increases safety and helps preserve the environment. Although emissions are still hard to quantify and the fi rst measurable results are still modest (only 4,000 tons of CO2 avoided), everyone is clearly committed to this effort. It is estimated that the actual gains are probably at least ten times greater than those measured.
Asphalt mixing plants: the energy consumption of plant burners, expressed in CO2 equivalent, increased for the fi rst time in 2010, by 3% or 16,000 tons. The causes of this increase are currently being studied. They include a change in the scope of the new international reporting software, unfavorable weather conditions in France and North America, the higher energy cost of recycling more mix, the decrease in business, and erroneous data entries in some countries. The basic trend is still positive however and the transition to natural gas of an increasing number of mix plants should continue to reduce energy consumption over the coming years.
ENERGY CONTENT OF CUSTOMER OFFERINGS
EcologicieL® (Colas) and Eco-Cana (Spac) were the fi rst software tools for selecting low-carbon alternatives for road-construction projects and pipe-laying projects respectively. To enable companies to compare ecofriendly alternatives using uniform criteria, Colas participated in an industry-wide project led by USIRF in France to develop SEVE®, an eco-comparing tool that was made available via an extranet in July 2010. This initiative was backed by the French Ministry for the Environment and a charter was signed in March 2009. In late 2009, the French government modifi ed its general procurement terms and conditions to authorize the use of eco-friendly solutions in maintenance and construction work. Public-sector customers no longer think twice about selecting eco-alternatives since they now have an objective tool for comparing and assessing their performance that is available to all. After three months of use in 2010, the eco-alternatives that Colas was thus able to successfully recommend made it possible to avoid the emission of 21,000 tons of CO2, or almost twice as much as in 2009. Of the eco-alternatives proposed, 28% were accepted, vs only 7% in 2009. SEVE® was designed to enable relatively simple translation and database adaptation to different national requirements. Colas and USIRF are therefore currently promoting its use outside of France.
Neophalte BT®, 3E® and 3E®+R warm mix, Ecomat®, etc.: in 2010, the Group's production of warm mixes and other mixes increased from 2% of total production to over 6%. Subsidiaries are aiming to almost double this fi gure in 2011 (11% on a consolidated basis). The greatest proportions of these new products will be produced by road construction subsidiaries in the United States and Mayotte, and by SMAC. These products offer the dual advantage of 10% to 30% energy savings and 70% to 90% fume reduction. Despite these advantages, these products are unlikely to entirely replace standard mixes in the near future, given the diversity of existing production facilities, products and customer preferences. Still, a target of over 50% by 2018 is reasonable.
Vegeroute products replace petroleum-based components with plant-based material and make it possible to reduce manufacturing and application temperatures and even the amount of material required. This range includes a fl uxing agent (Vegefl ux®), binders (V, Vegecol® and Vegeclair®), a hot road-marking product (Ostrea®), an emulsion (Neogreen®) and various mixes, such as Compomac V®. Since these products are "carbon sinks", they ensure a positive CO2 balance.
Photovoltaic roofi ng: in 2010, over 112,000 m2 of photovoltaic roofi ng panels were installed (vs 100,000 in 2009), representing a total power capacity of 18.5 MWc (vs 13 MWc in 2009).
Recycling
Recycling is a key factor since Colas is a large producer and user of materials. Although public works is one of the sectors which uses the most heavy materials, the fact that a large proportion of these materials can be recycled means that road-building is a major contributor to recycling.
Recycling platforms
The production of recycled products grew 4% in 2010, while that of Colas quarries and gravel pits once again declined by 4%(1). Some 9 million tons of waste product (dirt debris, asphalt and mixes, concrete demolition rubble, foundry slag, clinker, etc.) were recycled in 2010 (vs 8.7 million in 2009 and 10.2 in 2008). This is the equivalent of 11% of Colas total production of aggregate, or the output of 32 quarries(2).
Asphalt mixes
Colas asphalt mixes included an average of 10% RAP (reclaimed asphalt pavement) in 2010, vs 9% in 2009. This represents the recycling of almost 4 million tons of aggregates and some 200,000 tons of bitumen, or the equivalent output of a medium-sized refi nery, and the avoidance of 76,000 tons of CO2 emissions. There are disparities in recycling performance however, from 18% to 21% in Belgium, Switzerland and the United States, to 7.2% in France (5.2% in 2009), where the objective is 10%. Since it is estimated that if all available road demolition materials were recycled, asphalt mixes could contain up to 20 to 25% of RAP, Colas is half way to achieving the theoretical maximum.
In-place recycling
This recycling technology continued to expand in 2010, accounting for over 7.8 million m2 of road construction (vs 7.6 million in 2009), mainly in West Africa, North America, central Europe, France, New Caledonia and the United Kingdom. This success was made possible by such proven technologies as Valorcol® and Recycold®.
Chemical hazards
Colas has focused its efforts to reduce chemicals hazards in the following priority areas:
Solvents: the use of the following has been discontinued: solvents in laboratories, solvent-based degreasing "fountains" in workshops, and toluene in road paints;
Pigments: paint pigments that contain heavy metals are no longer used and priority is being given to non-powder formulations;
Non-stick products: plant-based alternative products are being used for mix application instead of fuel-oil;
Bituminous fumes: Colas was one of the fi rst in France and Europe to open up its fi les and worksites to independent research organizations. International studies are fi nding no link between lung cancer and exposure to bitumen fumes, and the consensus among scientists is strengthening despite controversy in France. For example, German and Dutch regulations now consider that bitumen and its fumes represent no carcinogenic risk. The new study of the toxicity of bituminous fumes that IARC(3) is to publish in late 2011 should clear up any uncertainties regarding this issue;
Resins: a research project (Greencoat) is being conducted in collaboration with several partners and with the support of the ANR(4), under the aegis of the sustainable development foundation ChemSud;
Waste oils: the objective is to ensure more eco-friendly disposal and recycling worldwide of used motor oils, which form the bulk of Colas' hazardous waste. The global waste-oil recovery rate is currently 56% on a consolidated basis. The optimum ratio is estimated at approximately 80%, once stock effects and equipment oil consumption are taken into account.
Dialogue with community institutions
In addition to addressing these strategic and major challenges, Colas continues to closely monitor other issues of social interest.
The road/rail debate
Colas holds signifi cant shares of both the road and railroad construction markets in France, the UK and many other countries. This enables it to understand the merits of both types of transportation from an objective perspective. Since there are relatively few cases where one mode of transportation tends to replace the other, Colas' objective is to improve the performance of both, through a policy of technological and methodological innovation.
(1) Based on a proportionate consolidation of volumes and not on the Group's share.
(2) Based on the average production of a permanent Colas quarry.
(3) The International Agency for Research on Cancer, an agency of the World Health Organization (WHO).
(4) The French national research agency.
This policy promotes a balanced approach to the development of public road and rail infrastructure that seeks to maximum the use and effi ciency of transportation resources(1).
The total cost of public infrastructure
Colas advocates a more partner-oriented approach that takes into account the total cost of infrastructure and implements innovative public/private sector contracts, such as PPP(2), PFI(2), MAC(3) and concessions. An infrastructure designed and built for the long term, regularly maintained, optimizes public investment and reduces the consumption of resources. The following contracts, at various stages of completion or operation, are a good illustration of this approach: the Reims tramway and the A 41 and A 63 Highways in France, the M6 Motorway in Hungary, road renewal and maintenance for Portsmouth, England, street lighting in Libourne, France, four MAC maintenance contracts in the United Kingdom that cover a third of the national motorway system, fi ve similar CMA(4) contracts in Canada (in Alberta and Red Deer County), and two MAC rail contracts in the UK.
Responsible purchasing
Colas works with over 100,000 suppliers and subcontractors worldwide which can be classifi ed into six main groups: local subcontractors, local materials suppliers, global raw materials suppliers, national and international materials suppliers, national and international service providers and miscellaneous suppliers.
Identifi cation work for each group defi nes the possible scope of action available and the strategic priorities for responsible purchasing: safety, quality, monitoring the use of illegal immigrant workers, compliance with payment terms and conditions, design and correct use of materials, etc. Colas is currently trying out various supplier-rating systems, even though rating all suppliers would be impossible. A risk assessment is also underway to determine the types of purchases that should have priority.
As regards purchasing from developing countries, the issues relating to relocation is very marginal for Colas due to the nature of the industries involved, but its businesses in these countries respond to these challenges(5).
Community involvement and project support
These actions are essentially local and are managed by Colas companies and their operating units. They mainly involved sponsoring cultural events (90 actions) or sports teams (270) and supporting around a hundred projects of a humanitarian, educational or other community-related nature. This represents total funding of about 2.4 million euros, which is slightly more than in 2009. Outside of France, there were 1,160 actions, totaling 1.1 million euros. This included participation in 480 educational, health or humanitarian initiatives and the sponsorship of 120 cultural events and 300 sporting events.
Actions by the parent company in France include work to restore paths in Versailles park, the purchase of paintings by the Colas Foundation, and a fi nancial contribution to the international dance company Akram Khan. These actions totaled 1.5 million euros.
Colas is also actively involved in the Francis-Bouygues foundation and named 22 employees in 2010 to mentor young scholarship holders.
" Colas has been supporting us since 2008, a true refl ection of its commitment to developing new chemistry focused on Sustainable Development. From the outset, Colas has worked hand in hand with us at the ChemSud Chair in our teaching endeavors and scientifi c mediation in favor of sustainable chemistry. Furthermore, Colas and its subsidiary Resipoly have backed our research activities as part of a project with the French National Research Agency. This joint project is what led us to receive the Pollutec 2010 Innovative Techniques award for work on new non-toxic biosourced epoxy resins."
Dr Sylvain Caillol, Director of ChemSud Chair at the École nationale supérieure de chimie in Montpellier 2010 Innovative Techniques Award at Pollutec (1)
(1) The European Environmental Innovation Award highlights public research work, both applied or developed. It is awarded during the Pollutec exhibition by the French National Research Agency.
Encouraging the cross-fertilization of ideas
This policy covers two areas: social sciences, political science, the humanities and economics through the Cercle Colas, which regularly invites academics and prominent personalities to talk on aspects of modern life of their choosing and science, through the Rencontres Scientifi ques Colas, in partnership with the magazine, La Recherche, which invites scientists to present their ideas.
(1) Visit www.colas.com for a more detailed analysis.
(2) Public-private partnerships or Private Finance Initiatives.
(3) Managing Agent Contractors (United Kingdom).
(4) Contract Maintenance Area (Canada). (5) See "Corporate citizenship in developing countries".
In 2010, the Cercle Colas hosted the following speakers: – Maurice Thévenet, professor at the CNAM and ESSEC: "The pleasure of working";
– Christian Saint-Étienne, professor at the CNAM and a member of the French government's Economic Analysis Council: "The fi nancial crisis and the euro crisis: what is the outlook for the French and the euro-zone economies?";
– Christophe Mangelle, journalist and columnist: "Cancer and companies".
The following topics were addressed at the 2010 Rencontres Scientifi ques Colas:
– "The carbon balance of forests: scientifi c and ecological considerations", by Denis Loustau, research director at INRA and head of the Ephyse research group in Bordeaux, and Valentin Bellassen, project manager at CDC Climat Recherche;
– "Lateness, friend or foe?" by Thomas Erneux, professor in the Theoretical Non-linear Optics department of the Université libre de Bruxelles, and Vincent Boucher, research project manager in the Vision unit of the Laboratoire des Ponts et Chaussées, in Angers, France.
Lastly, it is worth noting that Colas participated in various competitiveness clusters in France and took part in the work of the scientifi c committees of various academic and research institutions in France and elsewhere around the world.
Risks – Exceptional events – Disputes
Measures to appraise, monitor and mitigate risks related to the specifi c nature of Colas' businesses have for many years been among the Group's key management principles, applied at the most appropriate level to ensure appropriation. The Group's decentralized organization remains the key to risk management.
Corporate-level risk assessment as well as the overall policy with respect to risk are managed mainly on the basis of the feedback received via the Group's reporting system or, conversely, the dissemination of best practices. However, the subsidiaries and profi t centers are responsible for dealing with, controlling and monitoring their own risks. The formal listing and analysis of major risks are carried out once per year by the executive operational management teams. The risk mapping is presented in the form of a categorization of the main risks affecting the achievement of operational, fi nancial and strategic objectives. This analysis is used to develop action plans designed to mitigate the risks thus identifi ed, supplemented by a risk prevention policy founded upon monitoring claims and losses, an analysis of the phenomena of causal relations along with feedback. Corporate-level coordination and organization using reporting tools ensure that the different types of risk can be identifi ed and analyzed effectively, help to centralize feedback so that best practices may be communicated to all subsidiaries, while also contributing to the development of a risk prevention policy and appropriate preventive actions.
Colas' businesses do not appear to be particularly exposed to major or systemic risks, given their nature, the dispersion of Group profi t centers and the number of contracts performed. In addition to its exposure to the normal economic and fi nancial conditions of the various countries in which it is present, Colas' business activities depend heavily on public-sector procurement and any substantial change of this can have a large impact on sales and prices.
Legal risk
Risks relating to the nature of business activities
Colas' business activities tend to involve a large number of contracts as well as the decentralized negotiation and execution of these contracts. Apart from the generally applicable regulations (antitrust and competition law, criminal law, etc.), most of the contracts awarded by public or private contracting authorities are subject to specifi c regulations, whether on a national or international level. Due to this proliferation of contracts and the decentralized management approach, Colas inevitably runs the risk of non-compliance with legal requirements, despite a vast array of upstream preventive measures (information, training programs, charter, etc.) and strict downstream penalties intended to deter violations. These risks, which may lead to fi nancial penalties (e.g., those imposed by antitrust authorities), could also entail criminal or civil liability, result in a loss of market share (by prohibiting bidding on certain contracts) or be detrimental to the Company's reputation. The likelihood and potential severity of this risk is very diffi cult to measure.
Signifi cant legal claims as of December 31, 2010
• Claims for civil damages:
– Hungary: several claims for civil damages have been made against Hungarian sub-subsidiaries Egut, Debmut and Alterra, subsequent to a decision by Hungary's competition authority. These claims represent a total of some 25 million euros. The largest claim, which involves Hungary's national highway company, accounts for 19 million euros of this total. In a report submitted on April 22, 2010, a court-appointed expert concluded that the customer had suffered no loss. When the customer contested this fi nding, the expert reaffi rmed his conclusion before the court on December 10, 2010.
– France: the General Council of the department of Seine-Maritime has fi led an action for damages against companies, of which Colas Île-de-France – Normandie. Following the ruling that Colas Île-de-France – Normandie and fi ve other companies were guilty of price fi xing on asphalt mix contracts in the department of Seine-Maritime between March 1991 and December 1998, the General Council fi led a motion on February 25, 2010 requesting principally that the contracts entered into be voided and that the amounts paid be reimbursed, and, in addition, that the contracting companies be ordered to pay compensation for the loss suffered. The total amount claimed from the six companies under the motion's principle claim is 133.7 million euros, while the damages requested under the additional claim total 35.6 million euros. Colas Île-de-France – Normandie contests these claims.
• Provisions are made to cover adjustments to payroll taxes that could be claimed by URSSAF (the French social security inspectorate) subsequent to its inspections. These provisions are deemed suffi cient to cover all of the inspections that are regularly made on a large number of Colas companies. In late 2009, URSSAF made a major adjustment to reductions in social charges allowed under the "TEPA" and "Fillon" Acts, and from the very fi rst euro for the 2006 to 2008 fi scal years, on the grounds that the required information was not supplied in electronic form, a type of submission deemed mandatory by URSSAF in its interpretation of the French Social Security Code. The parent company and its subsidiaries consider that they are in no way subject to lump-sum taxation as provided for under article R. 242-5 of the French Social Security Code, as they submitted the supporting documents necessary for verifi cation in a timely fashion and since the format in which these were supplied enabled them to be used. It is currently diffi cult to estimate the possible fi nancial consequences of this adjustment since it is based on the principle that all "TEPA" and "Fillon" exemptions could be rejected on the sole grounds that Colas submitted its substantiating documents in paper rather than electronic form. The amount of this adjustment is estimated to be 46.6 million euros.
Industrial and environmental risk
(emulsion plants, bituminous membrane plants, quarries, mastic asphalt units, asphalt mixing plants and bitumen refi neries)
Fire and explosion: the magnitude of this risk depends on a site's size and the nature of its operations. This risk is not considered to be signifi cant for most industrial sites, given their relatively small size. Still these sites are kept under regular surveillance to reduce the likelihood of this risk and are subject to such requirements as fi re permit procedures and infrared thermography audits of thermal and electrical equipment, in addition to preventive maintenance actions. Sites that are larger or more exposed to this risk due to the nature of their operations are subject to specifi c requirements. In addition to regulatory requirements they are monitored in collaboration with the engineering departments of their insurance companies, which issue risk prevention recommendations. These sites are:
– subsidiary Axters' impervious membrane plant in Courchelettes, France;
– SRD's bitumen and refi ned products plant in Dunkirk, France.
Appropriate insurance coverage has been provided for all sites.
Industrial sites (except for SRD) relate to compliance with regulations governing industrial facilities and quarries in France. Commitments for the rehabilitation of quarries, defi ned by government agencies, are an integral part of every operating license. The same principle applies in other countries where Colas has similar installations. Provisions covering these commitments are recognized in the fi nancial statements. The amounts in question are periodically reviewed and adjusted when necessary. As of December 31, 2010, total provisions covering these commitments amounted to 133 million euros (113 million euros at end 2009). The Group applies a systematic policy of obtaining environmental certifi cation (ISO 14001 for example). Progress made is documented and tracked thanks to monitoring and certifi cation audits carried out with the assistance of external organizations as well as in-house resources. A global check-list system, deployed two years ago, now covers most materials production activities and makes it possible to consolidate action plans. At the end of 2010, 80% of Colas' materials plants worldwide by annual sales were subject to at least one certifi cation standard or used internal check-lists. This system was incorporated into the French and international internal control system. Commitments to clean up SRD's site when it ceases to operate have been provisioned in the Company's accounts and these amounts are periodically adjusted.
Some of these production sites might be responsible for accidental pollution (pipe breakage or defective storage installations) despite the fact that the installations are designed and maintained to prevent the occurrence of such events (e.g., by using containment bins). Given the large number of sites and their relatively small size, combined with the effective management of these risks, it is expected that any incident of this type would be limited in scope and not material at the Group level.
Although the production processes of these industrial installations result in CO2 emissions, the installations are not subject to emissions quotas (with the exception of SRD, see below). However, their emissions are regularly monitored by external authorities and in the context of internal control procedures.
Société de la Raffi nerie de Dunkerque (SRD), which was acquired on June 30, 2010, is a production unit that makes refi ned oil products, bitumen and specialty products obtained by refi ning petroleum products. It is subject to the regulations that apply to facilities classifi ed as environmentally sensitive and, due to the nature of its products, must also comply with several European directives which include: the Seveso directive (max. threshold), the Combustion directive, which governs the atmospheric emissions of high-combustion plants, and the IPPC directive, which deals with pollution prevention and control. Prefectural authorities ensure that these requirements are addressed when issuing operating permits. Facilities are designed and maintained to prevent or minimize the risk of a pollution accident or other major incident. Inspection and audit programs are implemented and checked by an internal audit department. The French government regularly verifi es that these programs are effective and observed. Accident scenarios are prepared with government authorities during hazard analyses and emergency response resources and procedures are specifi ed in internal emergency plans. Employees manage risks in strict compliance with the operating procedures of the safety management system, pursuant to the ISO 14001 standard. This system is presented once a year to the Local Information and Consultation Committee (CLIC), which consists of representatives of the French government (including the sub-prefect), local government authorities, non-profi t organizations and industry. All minor accidents and incidents are recorded and analyzed. Any modifi cations are subject to failure mode, effects and criticality analysis (FMECA), a standardized method for assessing industrial hazards in complex systems. Maintenance work is subject to the strict requirements of the safety management system and to the preventive maintenance recommendations of insurer engineering departments. The plant is shut down every fi ve years for major servicing and upgrading. Some 20 million euros were budgeted for this purpose in 2010. Lastly, SRD is regularly inspected by DREAL, the regional environmental, development and housing bureau, which is responsible for verifying that procedures are complied with. Furthermore, since the facility's production processes emit CO2 , it is subject to emissions quotas and its declarations are verifi ed by an approved auditing fi rm.
Credit or counterparty risk
Given the large number of clients in road construction and maintenance, waterproofi ng, safety and signaling, construction materials, etc. (many private clients as well as local authorities), signifi cant counterparty risk is low. With respect to the rail subsidiaries, a substantial portion of business is conducted with state-owned companies or state agencies with responsibility for rail infrastructures. In the private sector, the preliminary analysis of the client, supplemented through the use, wherever possible, of credit insurance, limits this risk. The largest risks can be quantifi ed using statistical analysis in the range of several hundred thousand euros. The fi nancial crisis, by increasing these risks, has resulted in reinforced procedures prior to the signing of contracts and the launch of construction work.
Colas carries out 92% of its business in Europe and North America (United States and Canada). Exposure to country risk is therefore low, as is the risk of nonpayment, since 60% to 80% of revenue is generated by public-sector customers such as national governments and local authorities, involving a very large number of small-scale projects with a low individual contract value.
Business conducted in high-risk countries carrying low ratings assigned by international organizations or credit insurance fi rms such as Coface is limited to contracts whose fi nancing is provided most often by multilateral lending institutions (the European Development Fund, World Bank, etc.). At end-2010, the most signifi cant overdue receivables can be attributed to certain subsidiaries in central Europe and Morocco. The ratio of outstanding receivables to sales declined for central European subsidiaries in 2010. In contrast, the average payment time for Moroccan subsidiaries increased to over seven months. These receivables are owed by the national government and local government entities. Customers will be asked to pay unexpected additional fi nancial charges on these late payments. However, these payments do not seem to be at substantial risk at this time.
Operational risk
Signifi cant steps have been taken with regard to the transportation of site machines and industrial equipment (reminders of regulations covering oversized loads have been issued, software designed for calculating loads has been rolled out at all subsidiaries, each subsidiary has developed its own transport action plan, instructions and procedures for the safe transport of site machines have been reissued and reminders of procedures for negotiating contracts for transportation and plant rental have been issued). Fire prevention has also been the focus of efforts (especially in the area of waterproofi ng and cladding) as has explosion prevention in underground work on fl uid networks carrying dangerous substances such as natural gas.
With regard to workplace accidents and traffi c accidents arising during work-related travel, for many years now, the Group has been implementing a strong, proactive policy of accident prevention and safety training which has yielded signifi cant, sustainable improvements. This has led to a steady drop in the frequency rates of both workplace and traffi c accidents. (See "Human resources" section for more details).
Colas regularly monitors occupational health hazards. In particular it has been observing exposure to bitumen fumes in France and abroad for some twenty years and its representatives participate in most of the task forces that deal with this problem. This monitoring is overseen by the Group's Human Resources and Environment departments and is regularly reported to senior management. Colas has been working on this issue in collaboration with occupational health authorities and government agencies for quite some time and considers that this risk is low and has been suffi ciently mitigated, except in confi ned environments (i.e., tunnels) where a specifi c hazard analysis is necessary due to the additional effect of vehicle exhaust fumes. The only proven undesirable health effect is irritation of respiratory tracts. USIRF, the French road construction industry's trade group, has set up a website that presents the hundreds of studies that have been conducted on the subject of bitumen fume exposure. Not only do none make it possible to assert a link between these fumes and cancer, the most recent and largest studies clearly assert that there is no such link. In Germany and the Netherlands, bitumen is now classifi ed as non-carcinogenic. On the basis of the studies made, government authorities, unions and the road construction industry in North America have never recognized any cancer risk and have simply sought to reduce exposure to bitumen fumes due to their irritating nature.
In light of the many studies conducted, Colas considers that there is no basis for believing that exposure to bitumen fumes may cause cancer. Colas is keeping a close eye on this issue in France, since recent legal actions and media campaigns are seeking to cast doubt on the main material used for road construction. The industry has set up a crisis-management unit to respond to this challenge and a round-table meeting has been organized with the French Ministry of Labor, CNAM-TS, occupational health authorities, the industry's safety and hygiene body OPPBTP, and the research institute INRS.
There does not appear to be a risk of obsolescence associated with patents and technical processes. Colas' research and development policy fosters the continual renewal and modernization of technical expertise.
Contract performance risk is relatively limited by the large number of contracts and their low average value. Some subsidiaries however are involved in particularly large contracts that are monitored using specifi c procedures. These projects are more exposed to various potential constraints resulting from their complexity, design, geological and archeological characteristics, land availability, construction and lead times, etc. In Romania, Colas is currently having diffi culty with a 175 million euro contract to design and build a 20-km section of the A2 Motorway between Cernavoda and Constanta. Its initial route had to be considerably modifi ed to preserve archeological sites and land required for another part of the motorway was not made available by the scheduled deadline. A little over 10% of the work has been completed and negotiations are underway to amend the contract to accommodate the new constraints.
Colas' operations can also be disrupted by various natural phenomena and most notably unfavorable weather. Rain, snow and ice can increase construction costs or result in additional fi xed costs when work must be stopped.
Liquidity risk
At December 31, 2010, net available cash and cash equivalents totaled 202 million euros, in addition to 1,400 million euros of confi rmed medium-term bank credit lines undrawn at that date. During the year, Colas refi nanced 610 million euros of confi rmed and ongoing medium-term credit lines with the Group's main banks, thus increasing them to 855 million euros. In the United States, Colas Inc. refi nanced 210 million euros (280 million USD) of confi rmed medium-term credit lines with the Group's main banks. Colas therefore has no exposure to liquidity risk.
Colas Group companies' confi rmed bank loan contracts do not contain any signifi cant fi nancial clauses likely to lead to their early termination and/or early mandatory repayment.
BANK LOANS AND BORROWING MATURITIES
| in millions of euros | Current | Non-current | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Less than one year 2011 |
1 to 2 years 2012 |
2 to 3 years 2013 |
3 to 4 years 2014 |
4 to 5 years 2015 |
5 years and + 2016 and + |
Total 2010 |
Total 2009 |
|
| Bank loans (medium-long-term) | 18 | 16 | 13 | 10 | 114 | 171 | 179 | |
| Finance leases | 10 | 7 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 25 | 29 | |
| Other fi nancial debts (long-term) | 1 | 3 | 4 | 4 | ||||
| Sub-total | 50 | 29 | 23 | 16 | 13 | 119 | 200 | 212 |
| Short-term borrowings and overdrafts |
209 | |||||||
| AT DECEMBER 31, 2010 | 259 | 29 | 23 | 16 | 13 | 119 | 200 | 212 |
| At December 31, 2009 | 198 | 35 | 25 | 17 | 11 | 124 | 212 | |
| Current portion of non-current debt |
50 | 45 |
BREAKDOWN OF FINANCIAL DEBT BY CURRENCY
| in millions of euros | Euro | USD(1) | GBP (1) | Other (1) | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-current December 2010 | 94 | 2 | 75 | 29 | 200 |
| Current December 2010 | 91 | 13 | 10 | 145 | 259 |
| Non-current December 2009 | 102 | 75 | 35 | 212 | |
| Current December 2009 | 54 | 7 | 6 | 131 | 198 |
(1) Equivalent in euros.
CONFIRMED/DRAWN CREDIT LINES
| in millions of euros | Confi rmed credit lines – Maturity | Drawn credit lines – Maturity | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Less than one year |
1 to 5 years |
Beyond | Total | Less than one year |
1 to 5 years |
Beyond | Total | |
| Credit lines | 359 | 1,111 | 180 | 1,650 | 50 | 81 | 119 | 250 |
| Letters of credit | ||||||||
| TOTAL | 359 | 1,111 | 180 | 1,650 | 50 | 81 | 119 | 250 |
BREAKDOWN OF FINANCIAL DEBT BY TYPE OF INTEREST RATE
Breakdown of current and non-current fi nancial debt after accounting for all interest rate hedging instruments that have not yet reached maturity as of the balance sheet date, net of outstanding bank overdrafts:
– fi xed rate debt(1): 44% (2009: 44%);
– fl oating rate debt: 56% (2009: 56%).
(1) Loans with rate fi xed for more than one year.
INTEREST RATE RISK
The table below shows fi nancial assets and debts broken down by fi xed and variable interest rate at December 31, 2010:
| in millions of euros | Variable rate | Fixed rate | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Financial assets: | |||
| – Cash and cash equivalents | 411 | 411 | |
| Financial liabilities: | |||
| – Borrowings(1) | (216) | (43) | (259) |
| – Outstanding bank overdrafts | (209) | (209) | |
| Net position before cash management | (14) | (43) | (57) |
| Interest rate hedges | 72 | (72) | |
| Net position after cash management | 58 | (115) | (57) |
| Seasonality adjustment | (523) | ||
| POSITION AFTER CASH MANAGEMENT AND SEASONALITY ADJUSTMENT |
(465) |
(1) Including (9.1) million euros for the fair value of the STVR/Caen interest-rate swap, recognized in equity.
Therefore, an instantaneous 1% increase in the short-term interest rate on the net position shown above would increase fi nancial costs by 4.65 million euros over a full year.
Market risks
Some of the Group's companies use fi nancial instruments to reduce the impact that changes in exchange rates, interest rates and commodity prices may have on their earnings. These instruments are used as described below.
Type of risks to which the Group is exposed
FOREIGN EXCHANGE RISK
The level of foreign exchange risk is limited given that subsidiaries only generate a very small proportion of their revenue from exports. International revenue is chiefl y generated by local subsidiaries which issue invoices and book their expenses in the local currency of the country in which the work is performed.
Occasionally, certain contracts denominated in foreign currency may be hedged for foreign exchange risk.
Loans and investments are centralized in the same currency (euros, US dollars, Canadian dollars, etc.).
Generally, Group foreign exchange risk relating to investments in foreign entities (subsidiaries, affi liates, branches, joint ventures) is not hedged because such entities are not held for sale.
Foreign currency hedges are used to optimize the Group's cash position by converting – without assuming any foreign exchange risk – surplus cash in one currency into loans to subsidiaries in their own local currency as a substitute for banking credit lines denominated in local currency.
Société de la Raffi nerie de Dunkerque is more exposed to currency risk since it buys and sells products that are valued in dollars and purchased and sold in dollars and/or euros. This risk is managed by using currency swaps to cover dollar-based transactions.
INTEREST RATE RISK
The Group's income statement exhibits a relatively low level of sensitivity to changes in interest rates. In general and on an average basis over the fi scal year, the portion of variable rate debt is equivalent to free cash fl ow, which is itself invested in variable rate instruments; short-term borrowings are only used to meet requirements due to seasonal fl uctuations.
Some fi nancial assets or liabilities may occasionally be hedged.
RISKS RELATING TO RAW MATERIALS
Colas is affected by the regularity of its supply mainly of petroleum-based raw materials and fl uctuations in the cost of these materials (bitumen, fuel, heating fuel, oils) in relation to its road construction business and by supply and price factors affecting other raw materials such as steel, copper or aluminum, which are used in the safety, signs and signaling, waterproofi ng and cladding and rail businesses.
Bitumen and other petroleum-based products are the raw materials most associated with this type of risk.
• Supply risk:
Delays or disruptions in the supply of these materials may result in additional direct or indirect costs for the road construction or waterproofi ng businesses. At the outset, we may consider that this is not a systemic risk, except in the case of geopolitical confl ict and the complete breakdown in the supply of petroleum. This risk may affect a particular country, or more likely a specifi c region, for a period of indeterminate length. For this reason, Colas established a Group-level bitumen supply division several years ago, as well as bitumen supply divisions in certain large geographic regions (North America) in order to reinforce its supply capacities (volume purchasing agreements, imports). Over the years, Colas has developed a policy favoring greater storage capacity in mainland France, in Europe, in France's overseas departments, in the Indian Ocean region and, on a larger scale, in North America. Storage capacities are now ample, in line with bitumen consumption in each region. The policy for the increase of storage capacity is pursued each time that solid opportunities present themselves (acquisition or creation of entities). The recent acquisition of Société de la Raffi nerie de Dunkerque, whose annual bitumen production amounts to some 300,000 metric tons, represents a key element in the Group's strategy to ensure suffi cient supply of this raw material for its road construction activities in mainland France and northern Europe.
• Risk related to price changes:
The price of bitumen has varied widely over recent years. The risk of this volatility is limited by several factors: the number of contracts and the average contract amount, which often allows the price to be anticipated in the bid to the client; revision and indexing clauses included in many contracts in France and abroad. This risk is considered in the context of contractual negotiations by staff members made aware of this issue. In some regions, supply contracts at guaranteed prices for a given period may be arranged. For major contracts, coverage is taken out when the order is received on a case-by-case basis. In a portion of the Group's business affected by rising bitumen or petroleum prices, such as the sale of manufactured goods to third parties, the price increases are passed on to the customer, where the competitive context permits.
Given these factors, it is impossible to measure the sensitivity of operating results due to the thousands of contracts executed in varying legal and protective contexts, especially since price increases also differ across geographic regions.
Lastly, there is also an indirect risk in the event of a rise in the price of these products for clients who, due to the rising price of work or services, may lower the volume of orders placed.
• Risks associated with Société de la Raffi nerie de Dunkerque (SRD):
Société de la Raffi nerie de Dunkerque, which was acquired in June 2010, is exposed to changes in commodity prices. The earnings of a specialty products refi nery depend on the difference between the sale prices of its products (oils, paraffi n-wax, bitumen and fuel oil) and the price of the materials used for its refi ning processes (atmospheric residue fuel oil, hydrocracking residue and other feedstock). This price differential determines the refi ning margin.
The refi nery's procurement/production/sales cycle is relatively short and purchase and sales contracts try to reduce this risk. A committee is responsible for overseeing raw materials purchases. They are purchased in month M, are used for production in month M+1, and the resulting end products are sold in months M+1, M+2 or M+3. A hedging policy has been implemented to reduce the risk of price changes during this time.
At December 31, 2010, this hedging represented the equivalent of 58,000 barrels of oil futures for a notional amount of 4 million euros. This cash fl ow hedge was valued at (0.125) million euros and charged to equity.
Group principles and policies for fi nancial hedging instruments
The only fi nancial hedging instruments used are conventional instruments, such as:
– forward currency purchases and sales, currency swaps, currency options for foreign exchange risk hedging purposes;
– interest rate swaps, future rate agreements, purchase of caps and tunnels and options for interest rate risk hedging purposes;
– commodity futures contracts and swaps to hedge commodity risk.
These instruments are characterized by the fact that they are only used for hedging, only undertaken with fi rst rank French and foreign banks, and present no cash risk in the event of a trend reversal.
The Group follows the use of these instruments, the choice of trade off, and, generally speaking, the exposure to exchange risks and interest rate risks with detailed, specifi c follow-up reporting to the management of the companies involved.
CASH FLOW HEDGING
Cash fl ow hedging limits exposure to changes in future cash fl ows of the hedged instrument or of a future operation.
When derivative instruments hedge changes in cash fl ow arising from fi rm commitments or expected transactions, the profi t (or loss) generated on the portion of the hedging instrument deemed to be an effective hedge is taken directly to equity.
The ineffective portion of the hedging instruments is taken directly to profi t and loss. Other residual profi t (or loss) items arising from the hedging instruments are also taken directly to income statement.
When the hedging instrument reaches maturity, it is sold, cancelled or exercised. Cumulative profi t or losses are retained in equity as long as the transaction has not been realized. After the transaction has been concluded, related cumulative profi t (and loss), which had been taken directly to equity, is reported in profi t and loss.
FAIR VALUE HEDGING
The purpose of fair value hedging is to limit exposure to changes in the fair value of a recognized asset or liability.
When a derivative fi nancial instrument covers exposure to changes in the fair value of a receivable or liability, the gain or loss arising from remeasuring the hedging instrument at fair value is taken directly to net profi t or loss. The gain or loss on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk adjusts the carrying amount of the hedged item and is taken directly to net profi t or loss.
The fair value of hedged items corresponds to their carrying amount, translated into euros at the exchange rate prevailing on the balance sheet date.
Accounting policies for fi nancial instruments
The Group applies accounting methods as defi ned by IAS 39, i.e.:
CRITERIA FOR RECOGNITION OF FINANCIAL ASSETS OR LIABILITIES
Hedge accounting is applied when derivative fi nancial instruments offset, partially or totally, the changes in the fair value or cash fl ow of a hedged item. Effectiveness of hedges is assessed on a regular basis, at least quarterly.
Nevertheless, in specifi c cases (low notional amounts, short hedging maturities, limited impact on profi ts or losses), fi nancial instruments are, as a matter of policy, not recognized as hedging transactions, in order to simplify the Group's administrative procedures. In such cases, changes in the fair value of hedging instruments are taken directly to net profi t and loss.
MEASUREMENT BASIS OF FINANCIAL ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
Financial assets and liabilities are initialy recognized at fair value, then at cost or amortized cost, as per their category.
RECOGNITION OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS MEASURED AT FAIR VALUE
The Group has recourse to few fi nancial instruments. Derivatives are measured at fair value, i.e., market value for listed instruments. For any unlisted instruments (these have never been used), fair value is determined using valuation methods, such as option valuation models and the value in use (discounted cash fl ow) method. These models apply assumptions based on market data.
RECOGNITION OF PROFIT AND LOSS GENERATED BY FINANCIAL ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
Derivatives are stated at fair value. Unrealized profi t and losses are recognized according to the nature of the hedged item.
At balance sheet date, the fair value of interest rate swaps is the amount expected to be received or paid by the Group to close its positions. Fair value is measured on the basis of prevailing interest rates and counterparty credit risks. Fair value of forward foreign exchange contracts is equal to market value at the balance sheet date, i.e., the present value of forward market rates.
Financial instruments as of December 31, 2010
We present below the total of notional amounts outstanding at December 31, 2010, for each type of fi nancial instrument, with breakdown by maturity for interest transactions, and by currency for foreign exchange transactions.
INTEREST RATE RISK HEDGING
| Interest rate swap | Maturity | Total | Total | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| in millions of euros | 2011 | 2012 to 2015 | Beyond | 31/12/2010 | 31/12/2009 |
| Relating to fi nancial assets | – | – | – | – | – |
| Relating to fi nancial liabilities |
– | 150 | 150 | 184 |
To ensure that the city of Portsmouth, England, has a fi xed monthly fee for the duration of the twenty-fi ve years of the road renewal and maintenance contract, an interest rate swap, maturing in January 2028, has been set up.
This swap is a fl oating rate receiver, fi xed rate payer. Its par value is perfectly in line with the drawdown and repayment schedule of the non-recourse loan, in order to match the fi xed cost of the debt with the monthly fee received. At December 31, 2010, the amount attributable to this swap was 70.8 million euros (60.9 million GBP).
STVR, a company in which Colas Rail holds a majority stake, contracted a long-term interest rate swap in 2003 to fi nance the construction and operation of the city of Caen's tram system. This redeemable fl oating rate receiver, fi xed rate payer which matures in November 2018, is recognized in equity for its market value. At December 31, 2010, the amount attributable to this swap was 79.5 million euros.
FOREIGN EXCHANGE RISK HEDGING
Group companies only generate a small proportion of their revenue from exports.
Revenue from foreign countries is chiefl y generated by subsidiaries that issue invoices and book their expenses in local currency. Occasionally, certain contracts denominated in foreign currency may be hedged for foreign exchange risk.
| in millions of euros | HUF(1) | RON(1) | USD(1) | MAD(1) | GBP(1) | Other(1) | 31/12/2010 | 31/12/2009 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Forward purchases | 3 | 2 | 0 | 9 | – | – | 14 | 51 |
| Forward sales | 4 | 19 | 25 | – | 13 | 14 | 75 | 61 |
| Currency swaps | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Currency options | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
(1) Equivalent in euros.
Some project contracts signed in Hungary, Romania and Morocco, and invoiced in euros, are systematically hedged for foreign exchange risks. Forward sales of RON and GBP correspond to hedges in connection with bridging loans granted to subsidiaries. Forward sales of USD mainly serve to hedge the sale of products by Société de la Raffi nerie de Dunkerque.
HEDGING OF RISKS RELATED TO RAW MATERIALS
| in millions of euros | Brent | Other | 31/12/2010 | 31/12/2009 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Forward purchases | – | – | – | – |
| Forward sales | 4 | – | 4 | – |
| Swaps | – | – | – | – |
| Options | – | – | – | – |
The Brent futures are used to hedge the price risk attributable to Société de la Raffi nerie de Dunkerque.
FAIR VALUE OF HEDGING INSTRUMENTS
At December 31, 2010, the net present value of hedging instruments amounted to (21.6) million euros. This amount mainly comprises the net present value of interest rate swaps used to hedge the Group's debt.
The breakdown of the market value by type of hedging instrument is as follows:
– transactions undertaken subject to fair value hedging instruments: (12.8) million euros;
– transactions undertaken subject to cash fl ow hedging instruments: (8.7) million euros;
– transactions undertaken for trading purposes: none.
The impact of the market value of interest rate swaps set up in connection with the contract for the city of Portsmouth, England, i.e., (12.4) million euros, is fully offset by the market value of the embedded derivative relating to the contractual fi xed fee paid by the customer of 12.4 million euros.
The negative impact of the market value of the interest rate swap set up for the contract with the city of Caen, France, amounting to (9.1) million euros, was taken to equity.
The total value of the portfolio of fi nancial instruments, net of the value of the embedded derivative used to hedge the contractual fi xed fee paid by the city of Portsmouth, is (9.2) million euros.
In the event of a +1% change in the interest rate yield curve (or –1%), the market value of hedging instruments would amount to (11.9) million euros (or (31.5) million euros, respectively).
An average unfavorable change of 1% with respect to all other currencies would result in a decrease in the market value of hedging instruments to (22.4) million euros.
In the event of +10% change in the price of raw materials (and respectively –10%), the market value of fi nancial instruments would amount to a hedging loss of (22.0) million euros (respectively a hedging loss of (21.2) million euros).
These calculations have been performed by an independent service provider, in accordance with market practices.
Insurance and risk cover
The Group takes care to protect its assets, property and people against foreseeable losses for which insurance is available, while maintaining its competitive edge. The estimated risks are managed at all levels of the organization through risk prevention, contractual transfer or insurance. Whether or not a risk is insured depends on its nature and its probability of occurrence and loss potential. Insurance is obligatory for major risks. Liability insurance policies protect against claims by third parties and mainly consist of obligatory automotive insurance and policies covering works, products, operations and the ten-year guarantee. Insurance policies covering liability to third parties also cover damage to assets of the companies. The coverage amounts are generally equivalent to the value of the assets. For work under construction, a specifi c insurance policy is subscribed when there is a contractual obligation. Its long-standing accident prevention policy, which is further reinforced every year, means that it can work closely in partnership with insurance companies and renew its insurance policies under practically identical conditions to those of previous years.
Exceptional events and disputes
Group companies are involved in litigation or disputes that form part of the normal course of their business. Risks have been assessed and fi nancial provisions made using a method comparable with previous years, based on experience and analysis by the Group's legal department and legal advisors. To date, to the best of the Company's knowledge, there are no exceptional events or disputes that could signifi cantly impact the activity, assets, earnings or equity of the Group.
Acquisitions of equity interests
During fi scal year 2010, signifi cant equity stakes(1) were acquired in the following companies:
| Company | Registered offi ce | % held |
|---|---|---|
| Société de la Raffi nerie de Dunkerque | Dunkirk (France) | 100.00 |
| SCI du 18 rue Nouvelle | Vitry-sur-Seine (France) | 100.00 |
| Colas Mideast LLC | Muscat (Sultanate of Oman) | 70.00 |
| MARS (Société de l'Agglomération Rémoise) | Reims (France) | 8.50 |
| Centre Voirie | Le Veurdre (France) | 100.00 |
| MATCH | Vitry-sur-Seine (France) | 100.00 |
| Linea BTP | Vitry-sur-Seine (France) | 100.00 |
| Damiacons | Bucharest (Romania) | 100.00 |
Additional acquisitions of investment stakes were carried out as follows:
| Company | Registered offi ce | % acquired | % held |
|---|---|---|---|
| SAMI (Drawmac Group) | Sydney (Australia) | 42.77 | 93.77 |
| Enfalt Emulsiyon | Istanbul (Turkey) | 44.33 | 54.33 |
| SNSTPB | Mezzavia (France) | 15.58 | 65.58 |
| Adour Emulsions | Serres-Castet (France) | 20.00 | 100.00 |
| Castres Béton | Castres (France) | 50.00 | 100.00 |
| France Métro Caracas | Cergy-Pontoise (France) | 44.47 | 63.47 |
| Tubobel | Tessenderlo (Belgium) | 35.00 | 100.00 |
| Sami Bitumen Technologies (VIC) Pty Ltd | Sydney (Australia) | 50.00 | 100.00 |
(1) Threshold: investments of over 150,000 euros.
Strategy
Colas' strategy for profi table, long-term growth aims to meet the modern world's need for mobility, urbanization and environmental protection. This strategy is based on the following objectives:
• strengthen and expand the network of operations in France and worldwide, to establish and develop sustainable leadership positions for our traditional business activities in local markets, and spread risk through geographic diversifi cation;
• optimize the integration of industrial processes to secure the procurement of aggregates, bitumen and other vital materials and resources, generate more added value, improve competitiveness and control the quality of materials and products;
• expand our core business – Roads – to include closely related and complementary specialty activities that will enhance our offering to customers, develop synergies and enable us to penetrate future growth markets, such as the railway sector;
• increase development in complex PPP, concession and systems management projects that leverage the full range of Colas expertise in engineering (specifi cations, design, construction and maintenance) and project fi nance;
• perform major contracts that are complementary to conventional business, thus enhancing service to customers.
• develop an expanded and innovative offering of products and services capable of meeting sustainable development requirements.
Strengths
Colas' keys strengths are as follows:
• a network of more than 800 work centers and 1,400 materials production sites in over 40 countries worldwide, some of which are more than a century old;
• a group built upon a core business of building and maintaining transport and urban development infrastructures, and roads in particular, including all of their multiple aspects and components;
• a heritage of collective intelligence, values and passion built up over many years, shared by some 70,000 employees, transmitted from generation to generation and enhanced by a dynamic human resources policy;
• innovative technologies developed by a vast international technology network consisting of some 2,000 people who work closely with operating units through the Colas Campus for Science and Techniques (CST), the fi rst leading private research and development center in the road construction industry, and some fi fty research laboratories and around a hundred engineering offi ces;
• integration of upstream production processes to ensure the procurement and quality of essential materials and supplies, such as aggregates, binders, asphalt mixes, ready-mix concrete, waterproof membranes and road safety equipment;
• a decentralized organization with strong local roots, capable of responding rapidly to market needs via more than 800 works centers and 1,400 materials production sites.
• a capacity to respond to a full range of needs in the fi eld of transport infrastructure (new construction, maintenance, major projects, small local contracts), thanks to the Group's extensive network in local markets and its ability to leverage its global expertise and resources.
Outlook
As of December 31, 2010, the Group's work-on-hand totaled 6.1 billion euros, down a slight 2% compared to the end of December 2009. However, the portion of work to be completed in 2011 (excluding central Europe) is 3% higher than in 2010, thus providing a sound foundation for the start of the year, despite signifi cant disparities between geographic regions. In mainland France, there was practically no change in overall work-on-hand compared to the end of December 2010. Trends in many of the markets where Colas operates are still diffi cult to anticipate.
Business for the Roads sector should remain strained in France, even though no substantial decline in volume is expected, thanks to strong-willed local authorities, tramway contracts, major projects and a budding recovery in private investment. The outlook for the Railway sector remains favorable. Markets should stay upbeat in North America, not only in Canada but also in the United States, where the Group's subsidiaries enjoy strong positions in the road and highway maintenance sector, which is expected to receive priority government funding. Although the central European subsidiaries are likely to have another diffi cult year, the actions undertaken in 2010 should lead to a signifi cant cut in losses in 2011, with the aim of putting these operations back on track in 2012. The market in northern Europe is expected to weaken, due to British and Irish austerity measures. Business elsewhere in the world may very well be stable, with the exception of Asia, where the Group expects its growth trend to continue.
On the basis of all available information, the Group's initial revenue forecast for 2011 is 11.8 billion euros.
2011 got off to a start with Colas securing the concession for a section of Highway A 63 in southwest France, illustrating the Group's technical, legal and fi nancial capacity to successfully bid on complex projects (concessions, public-private partnerships, private fi nance initiatives, and long-term maintenance contracts).
Transport infrastructure maintenance needs remain high both in France and elsewhere around the world. Infrastructure maintenance, key to economic growth, has always been the Group's historical core business and is likely to be prioritized by government authorities in the current climate. Although Colas will remain cautious with respect to investment, the Group is committed to safeguarding the competitiveness of its industrial facilities and a number of acquisition opportunities are currently under consideration. Responsible development targets to save energy, reduce CO2 emissions and enhance safety and diversity will also be pursued. The strategies developed by Colas, in particular its resolute decision to favor profi tability over volume, and the measures undertaken to streamline operations, especially in central Europe, are expected to improve profi tability in 2011.
Colas' earnings and appropriation of earnings
The Statutory Auditors of the Company will present their assessments on the fi nancial statements that you are invited to approve in the Auditors' Report. The fi nancial statements have also been reviewed by the Works Committee, as required by law.
The parent company earned a profi t of 267,456,301.95 euros, compared to 329,061,543.44 euros in 2009. The total amount available for appropriation, consisting of the net profi t for the year plus unappropriated retained earnings from the prior year, is 653,695,296.51 euros. We propose appropriating this amount as follows :
– legal reserve: 3,450.15 euros;
– dividend distribution for a total of 205,536,177.00 euros, as of April 28, 2011;
– balance of unappropriated retained earnings: 448,155,669.36 euros.
For shareholders who pay income tax in France, the dividend of 6.30 euros per share with a par value of 1.50 euros is eligible for a 40% tax rebate as stipulated in article 243 bis of the French Tax Code. The following dividends were paid over the last three fi scal years:
- for 2007, 8.50 euros;
- for 2008, 8.75 euros;
- for 2009, 6.75 euros.
We propose paying this dividend either in the form of cash or shares, as preferred by the shareholder, subject to the following terms and conditions:
– the issue price of the new shares would be 95% of Colas' average opening share price during the twenty trading days prior to the date of this Shareholders' Meeting, minus the net dividend amount ;
– requests may represent only a portion of the dividend attributable to a given shareholder but must relate to a whole number of shares, rather than a fraction of a share;
– when the dividend amount to be paid in shares does not correspond to a whole number of shares, the shareholder shall receive the number of shares immediately below this number, with the balance being paid in cash by the Company;
– shareholders may inform the Company of their decision to receive their net dividend payment in cash or in shares between April 28, 2011 and May 19, 2011 inclusive. After this period, the dividend shall be paid exclusively in cash;
– shareholders who exercise their option to receive their dividend payment in shares shall receive new shares, with rights accruing as of January 1, 2011.
Information on payment deadlines
Pursuant to the requirements enacted by the French law on the modernization of the economy dated August 4, 2008, known as LME and its enforcement decree no. 2008-1492 dated December 30, 2008, the total amount of supplier payables on December 31, 2010 was 25,250 thousand euros(1) by due date at closing as indicated hereunder:
| in thousands of euros | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Payable after 1 month |
Payable after 2 months |
Payable after 3 months |
||||
| 2009 | 27,165 | 831 | 28 | ||||
| 2010 | 24,610 | 637 | 3 | ||||
(1) International units not included.
Compensation of Company offi cers
Chairman and Chief Executive Offi cer
Total gross compensation (including benefi ts in kind but excluding variable compensation) paid by the Bouygues Group and rebilled to Colas in respect of his duties as a Group senior executive in 2010 to Mr Hervé Le Bouc, Chairman and Chief Executive Offi cer, amounted to 924,100 euros (924,100 euros in 2009). Gross variable compensation for 2010 established in relation to qualitative and quantitative targets to be paid in 2011 will be 650,716 euros (compensation of 900,000 euros was paid in 2010 on the basis of 2009). Mr Hervé Le Bouc also received 20,000 euros in directors' fees paid by Colas in 2010 and 25,000 euros in directors' fees as a member of the Board of Directors of Bouygues SA, the parent company of Colas as defi ned under article L. 233-16 of the French Code of Commerce. Mr Hervé Le Bouc benefi ts from a supplementary pension plan as a member of the General Management Committee of Bouygues, which represents 0.92% of yearly compensation per year of seniority in the said plan, subject to a maximum of eight times the annual social security ceiling. This supplementary pension plan has not been posted as a provision since this plan consists of an insurance contract subscribed with an external organization and is governed by the procedure for regulated agreements.
Directors with employee status
Total gross compensation (including benefi ts in kind but excluding variable compensation) paid by the Company in 2010 to Mr Thierry Genestar in his salaried status as Managing Director of Roads France was 408,163 euros (407,850 euros in 2009). Gross variable compensation for 2010, based on growth in Group earnings and qualitative targets, to be paid by the Company in 2011 will be 230,000 euros (compensation of 260,000 euros was paid in 2010 on the basis of 2009). Mr Thierry Genestar also received 20,000 euros in directors' fees in 2010 from Colas.
Total gross compensation (including benefi ts in kind but excluding variable compensation) paid by the Company in 2010 to Mr Thierry Montouché, in his salaried status as General Secretary, was 392,328 euros (392,030 euros in 2009). Gross variable compensation for 2010, based on growth in Group earnings and qualitative targets, to be paid by the Company in 2011 will be 212,000 euros (compensation of 235,000 euros was paid in 2010 on the basis of 2009). Mr Thierry Montouché also received 20,000 euros in directors' fees in 2010 from Colas.
Total gross compensation (including benefi ts in kind but excluding variable compensation) paid by the Company in 2010 to Mr Christian de Pins in his salaried status as Managing Director responsible for specialized subsidiaries and Northern Europe was 385,131 euros (384,836 euros in 2009). Gross variable compensation for 2010, based on growth in Group earnings and qualitative targets, to be paid by the Company in 2011 will be 230,000 euros (compensation of 260,000 euros was paid in 2010 on the basis of 2009).
Total gross compensation (including benefi ts in kind but excluding variable compensation) paid by the subsidiary ColasCanada Inc., a subsidiary of the Colas parent company, in 2010 to Mr Louis Gabanna in his salaried status as Managing Director of Colas North America was 535,000 Canadian dollars (522,000 Canadian dollars in 2009). Gross variable compensation for 2010, based on growth in Group earnings and qualitative targets, to be paid by the Company in 2011 will be 620,000 Canadian dollars (compensation of 650,000 Canadian dollars was paid in 2010 on the basis of 2009).
Directors whose compensation is paid by Bouygues SA,
Colas' parent company as defi ned under article L. 233-16 of the French Code of Commerce, namely Messrs François Bertière* , Olivier Bouygues* , Jean-François Guillemin* , Philippe Marien* (representative of Bouygues SA), Jean-Claude Tostivin and Gilles Zancanaro: please see the Bouygues 2010 Registration Document for further information.
* Four of these six Directors received an amount of 20,000 euros each in 2010 in directors' fees from Colas.
Other Directors
Directors' fees paid by the Company in 2010 to Mr Christian Balmes amounted to 20,000 euros.
Share capital
Share capital in 2010
As of January 1, 2010, the Company had issued share capital of 48,902,683.50 euros, consisting of 32,601,789 shares with a par value of 1.50 euros each.
After adding 23,001 newly issued shares subscribed through the exercise of the option for payment in shares of the dividend for fi scal year 2009, the Company's share capital as of December 31, 2010 was 48,937,185 euros, consisting of 32,624,790 shares with a par value of 1.50 euros.
Share ownership
On the basis of recorded share capital as of January 3, 2011, Bouygues SA directly and indirectly held 96.62% of Colas' share capital as of December 31, 2010; Colas Group employees via the "Colas en actions" and "Colas shares" investment funds held 0.97%.
As of December 31, 2010, Colas did not hold any treasury stock.
Share price and trading volume
In 2010, Colas' share price on the Euronext Paris stock exchange varied from a high of 194.00 euros (April 14, 2010) to a low of 128.25 euros (November 16, 2010) and ended the year at 144.94 euros, i.e., 16.94% lower than the share price as of December 31, 2009. For purposes of comparison, during this period the French CAC 40 stock market index was down 3.34% and the French SBF 120 stock market index was up 0.06%.
Colas share price
| Share price | Number of | Share capital | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Month | Highest | Lowest | shares traded | in millions of euros |
| 2007 | January | 244.50 | 225.60 | 21,445 | 5.1 |
| February | 296.69 | 236.00 | 47,891 | 12.7 | |
| March | 300.00 | 255.00 | 18,414 | 5.3 | |
| April | 308.05 | 285.00 | 10,723 | 3.2 | |
| May | 363.99 | 305.00 | 17,504 | 6.0 | |
| June | 360.00 | 320.01 | 23,883 | 8.1 | |
| July | 353.76 | 330.00 | 13,867 | 4.7 | |
| August | 342.00 | 284.60 | 28,535 | 9.2 | |
| September | 352.49 | 281.00 | 15,614 | 4.9 | |
| October | 323.85 | 306.00 | 12,450 | 3.9 | |
| November | 319.73 | 291.00 | 8,621 | 2.6 | |
| December | 315.89 | 282.00 | 13,560 | 4.1 | |
| 2008 | January | 309.50 | 205.01 | 119,370 | 25.7 |
| February | 238.01 | 208.00 | 70,970 | 15.6 | |
| March | 238.90 | 218.00 | 10,779 | 2.4 | |
| April | 257.00 | 220.00 | 13,644 | 3.2 | |
| May | 244.90 | 226.42 | 17,439 | 4.0 | |
| June | 235.00 | 196.00 | 32,434 | 6.8 | |
| July | 213.18 | 181.00 | 10,661 | 2.1 | |
| August | 204.99 | 190.01 | 4,146 | 0.8 | |
| September | 204.00 | 145.00 | 10,947 | 1.9 | |
| October | 175.10 | 129.80 | 54,331 | 7.5 | |
| November | 154.35 | 125.00 | 12,342 | 1.7 | |
| December | 142.00 | 121.15 | 16,611 | 2.2 | |
| 2009 | January | 154.96 | 130.11 | 10,728 | 1.5 |
| February | 141.50 | 124.45 | 8,258 | 1.1 | |
| March | 154.54 | 125.20 | 10,829 | 1.5 | |
| April | 179.89 | 135.54 | 23,296 | 3.8 | |
| May | 180.01 | 153.12 | 9,191 | 1.5 | |
| June | 180.00 | 166.10 | 12,360 | 2.1 | |
| July | 174.24 | 159.00 | 9,660 | 1.6 | |
| August | 182.00 | 168.01 | 9,184 | 1.6 | |
| September | 189.00 | 177.01 | 17,593 | 3.2 | |
| October | 197.41 | 180.00 | 13,138 | 2.5 | |
| November | 198.78 | 176.00 | 8,478 | 1.6 | |
| December | 185.00 | 171.00 | 42,859 | 7.5 | |
| 2010 | January | 186.40 | 174.03 | 4,455 | 0.8 |
| February | 181.77 | 174.00 | 9,270 | 1.6 | |
| March | 192.40 | 172.50 | 16,489 | 3.0 | |
| April | 194.00 | 174.36 | 28,625 | 5.3 | |
| May | 181.98 | 163.29 | 15,620 | 2.7 | |
| June | 174.50 | 158.55 | 20,343 | 3.4 | |
| July | 177.00 | 159.00 | 15,296 | 5.5 | |
| August | 176.50 | 159.00 | 11,748 | 2.0 | |
| September | 166.99 | 144.00 | 17,703 | 2.7 | |
| October | 150.00 | 135.00 | 18,872 | 2.7 | |
| November | 148.00 | 128.25 | 34,276 | 5.2 | |
| December | 151.00 | 132.00 | 30,218 | 4.3 |
Share subscription options
Pursuant to articles L. 225-184 and L. 225-180, point II of the French Code of Commerce, this report informs the Shareholders' Meeting of the transactions performed by virtue of these authorizations and pursuant to arti cles L. 225-177 to L. 225-186 of the French Code of Commerce.
Options granted by the Company or by companies controlled by or affi liated with the Company
OPTIONS GRANTED BY THE COMPANY
In 2010, the Company did not grant any options to subscribe for new Colas shares within the framework of the authorization granted to the Board of Directors to set up a share subscription option plan specifi cally for the senior executives and other employees of the Company and of certain of its affi liates, which had been renewed by the Extraordinary Shareholders' Meeting of April 16, 2008 in its thirteenth resolution.
OPTIONS GRANTED BY COMPANIES CONTROLLED BY OR AFFILIATED WITH THE COMPANY
Bouygues granted 556 employees of Colas and its subsidiaries 1,184,400 options to subscribe to new Bouygues shares, pursuant to article L. 225-180 of the French Code of Commerce. The exercise price of these options is 34.52 euros and they may be exercised for a period of seven years and six months as of their grant date (June 30, 2010). Options may be exercised on the conclusion of the fourth year following the grant date, i.e., with effect from June 30, 2014.
Options granted to corporate offi cers and directors with employee status in fi scal year 2010
| Name | Granting company |
Grant date |
Number of options |
Exercise price in euros |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hervé Le Bouc |
Bouygues (parent company) |
June 30, 2010 | 130,000 | 34.52 |
| Thierry Genestar |
" | " | 21,000 | " |
| Thierry Montouché |
" | " | 21,000 | " |
| Christian de Pins |
" | " | 21,000 | " |
| Louis Gabanna |
" | " | 21,000 | " |
| TOTAL | 214,000 |
Options granted to the 10 non-corporate offi cer employees who received the most stock options in fi scal year 2010
| Name | Granting company |
Grant date |
Number of options |
Exercise price in euros |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jacques Leost |
Bouygues (parent company) |
June 30, 2010 | 21,000 | 34.52 |
| Philippe Tournier |
" | " | 21,000 | " |
| Yves François |
" | " | 14,000 | " |
| Georges Ausseil |
" | " | 12,000 | " |
| Jérôme Dussere |
" | " | 9,000 | " |
| Christophe Guy |
" | " | 9,000 | " |
| Serge Body |
" | " | 8,000 | " |
| Martine Bourdon |
" | " | 8,000 | " |
| Jean-Pierre Brossard |
" | " | 8,000 | " |
| Thierry Caussemille |
" | " | 8,000 | " |
| Bruno Chambon |
" | " | 8,000 | " |
| Christophe Da-Poïan |
" | " | 8,000 | " |
| Philippe Decarnin |
" | " | 8,000 | " |
| Daniel Ducroix |
" | " | 8,000 | " |
| Philippe Durand |
" | " | 8,000 | " |
| Gilles Frotier de Bagneux |
" | " | 8,000 | " |
| Patrick Guénolé |
" | " | 8,000 | " |
| Philippe Guilmant |
" | " | 8,000 | " |
| Patrice Haltebourg |
" | " | 8,000 | " |
| Joël Hamon |
" | " | 8,000 | " |
| Christian Lavedrine |
" | " | 8,000 | " |
| Pascal Maridet |
" | " | 8,000 | " |
| Christophe Mitridati |
" | " | 8,000 | " |
| Jacques Pastor |
" | " | 8,000 | " |
| Name | Granting company |
Grant date |
Number of options |
Exercise price in euros |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Christian Raimondi |
Bouygues (parent company) |
June 30, 2010 | 8,000 | 34.52 |
| Frédéric Roussel |
" | " | 8,000 | " |
| Bernard Sala |
" | " | 8,000 | " |
| TOTAL | 254,000 |
Corporate offi cers and employees of the Company did not receive any other options in 2010 granted by the Company's affi liates, under the conditions specifi ed in article L. 225-180 of the French Code of Commerce or by companies controlled by the Company, as understood under article L. 233-16 of the French Code of Commerce.
Options exercised by the Company's corporate offi cers and other employees
COMPANY SHARE OPTIONS EXERCISED BY THE COMPANY'S CORPORATE OFFICERS AND OTHER EMPLOYEES
Options exercised by the Company's corporate offi cers and employees: none.
There were no options to subscribe to shares issued by Colas in existence on December 31, 2010.
OPTIONS EXERCISED TO PURCHASE SHARES OF AFFILIATE COMPANIES BY COMPANY OFFICERS AND EMPLOYEES
Options exercised by the Company's corporate offi cers and directors with employee status in fi scal year 2010
| Name | Granting company |
Grant date | Number of options |
Exercise price in euros |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thierry Genestar |
Bouygues (parent company) |
June 17, 2003 | 5,885 | 19.37 |
| Thierry Montouché |
" | June 17, 2003 | 2,769 | 19.37 |
| " | March 15, 2004 | 6,759 | 25.15 | |
| Louis Gabanna |
" | June 17, 2003 | 8,827 | 19.37 |
| TOTAL | 24,240 |
Options exercised by the 10 non-corporate offi cer employees of the Company that exercised the most options during fi scal year 2010
| Name | Granting company |
Grant date | Number of options |
Exercise price in euros |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yves François |
Bouygues (parent company) |
June 17, 2003 | 8,827 | 19.37 |
| Jean-Pierre Bélier |
" | June 17, 2003 | 5,885 | 19.37 |
| " | March 15, 2004 | 5,885 | 25.15 | |
| Serge Body |
" | June 17, 2003 | 5,885 | 19.37 |
| Philippe Guilmant |
" | June 17, 2003 | 5,885 | 19.37 |
| Georges Ausseil |
" | March 15, 2004 | 4,885 | 25.15 |
| Sophie Baudoux |
" | June 17, 2003 | 1,766 | 19.37 |
| " | March 15, 2004 | 2,943 | 25.15 | |
| Didier Calbry |
" | June 17, 2003 | 4,708 | 19.37 |
| John Killeen |
" | June 17, 2003 | 4,708 | 19.37 |
| Michel Lorrain |
" | March 15, 2004 | 4,708 | 25.15 |
| Laurent Le Boulc'h |
" | June 17, 2003 | 3,531 | 19.37 |
| TOTAL | 59,616 |
Special report on the share repurchase program
Programs to buy back and retire shares in 2010
Pursuant to article L. 225-209 of the French Code of Commerce, the Combined Annual and Extraordinary Shareholders' Meeting of April 14, 2010, in its tenth resolution, renewed the authorization granted to the Board to buy back shares in the Company up to a maximum of 10% of share capital, for a period of eighteen months. This authorization was not used by your Company in the course of fi scal year 2010.
The Combined Annual and Extraordinary Shareholders' Meeting of April 14, 2010, in its twelfth resolution, authorized the Board of Directors to reduce share capital by retiring shares owned by the Company. This authorization was not used by your Company in the course of fi scal year 2010.
Program to buy back shares in 2011
DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM AND REQUEST FOR AUTHORIZATION FROM THE COMBINED ANNUAL AND EXTRAORDINARY SHAREHOLDERS' MEETING OF APRIL 15, 2011
Pursuant to the general regulations governing the AMF (Autorité des Marchés Financiers) in articles 241-1 et seq., we submit for your approval a resolution to renew this authorization, for a further period of eighteen months, to enable the Board to conduct transactions in shares of the Company, pursuant to article L. 225-209 of the French Code of Commerce, up to a maximum of 10% of the total number of shares, while not exceeding the limit allowed under article L. 225-210 of the French Code of Commerce. If granted, this authorization would replace that previously granted by the Combined Annual and Extraordinary Shareholders' Meeting of April 14, 2010 in its tenth resolution.
The characteristics of the program are as follows:
– objectives: retirement of all shares bought back in compliance with applicable laws and regulations; ensuring if needed liquidity of shares held by employees as part of a Company Savings Plan, in compliance with current laws and regulation;
– methods used: buyback of shares sold by the FCP investment fund owned by Group employees in the framework of a Company Savings Plan, to ensure the cash fl ow requirements of the said plan. As of December 31, 2010, these funds owned 315,251 Colas shares;
– maximum number of shares: 315,251 shares, i.e., 0.96% of the existing share capital;
– maximum share price: 250 euros;
– maximum amount paid by the Company: 78,812,750 euros based on the maximum share price;
– fi nancing: Colas reserves the right to use its available cash or short- to medium-term debt if additional needs exceed available cash from operations;
– schedule: eighteen months as of the date of authorization granted by the Combined Annual and Extraordinary Shareholders' Meeting on April 15, 2011, i.e., until October 15, 2012.
Synopsis of authorizations as of December 31, 2010
| Authorization | Maximum amount | ASM or ESM | Duration |
|---|---|---|---|
| Free award of shares (Resolution 14) | 10% of share capital | April 16, 2008 | 38 months |
| Award of share subscription or purchase options (Resolution 13) | 10% of share capital | April 16, 2008 | 38 months |
| Issuance of shares reserved for employees without preferential subscription rights (Resolution 18) |
10% of share capital | April 15, 2009 | 26 months |
| Issuance of shares or securities of any type with or without preferential subscription rights (Resolutions 19, 20 and 21) |
10 million euros | April 15,2009 | 26 months |
| Buyback by the Company of treasury shares (Resolution 10) | 10% of share capital | April 14, 2010 | 18 months |
| Cancellation of treasury shares by the Company (Resolution 12) | 10% of share capital | April 14, 2010 | 18 months |
| Issuance of bonds or similar securities (Resolution 13) | 750 million euros | April 14, 2010 | 26 months |
Resolutions
We submit the following resolutions for your approval:
Ordinary portion of the Combined Shareholders' Meeting
You are requested to approve the fi nancial statements of Colas as of December 31, 2010, grant full discharge to the Directors for their management, approve the consolidated fi nancial statements, the appropriation of earnings, which amount to 267,456,301.95 euros with the payment of a dividend of 6.30 euros per share as of April 28, 2011 and agreements and transactions specifi ed in articles L. 225-38 et seq. of the French Code of Commerce (fi rst, second, third and fourth resolutions).
You are invited to:
– reappoint seven Directors for a term of two years to expire at the Annual Shareholders' Meeting convened to approve the fi nancial statements for fi scal year 2012 (fi fth to eleventh resolutions);
– appoint two Directors for a term of two years to expire at the Annual Shareholders' Meeting convened to approve the fi nancial statements for fi scal 2012 (twelfth and thirteenth resolutions), with the Board of Directors comprising 14 members;
– authorize the Board of Directors in accordance with articles L. 225-209 et seq. of the French Code of Commerce to purchase the Company's shares, to a maximum of 10% of the total number of shares constituting the share capital on the date of purchase with the objectives of canceling all of the shares bought back and ensuring the liquidity of shares held by employees as part of a Company Savings Plan in compliance with Regulation (EC) no. 2273/2003 applicable as of October 13, 2004. This authorization, which will replace that granted by the Annual Shareholders' Meeting of April 14, 2010, is sought for a period of eighteen months (fourteenth resolution);
– grant powers to carry out legal requirements (fi fteenth resolution).
Extraordinary portion of the Combined Shareholders' Meeting
Resolutions
Extraordinary portion of the Combined Shareholders' Meeting
You are requested to empower the Board of Directors:
– to reduce the Company's share capital by canceling treasury shares, in one or several operations, up to a maximum of 10% of the share capital per 24-month period. This resolution is only to be voted upon if the resolution presented in ordinary business authorizing the Board of Directors to purchase Company shares is approved, in accordance with article L. 225-209, paragraph 4 of the French Code of Commerce and for a period of eighteen months (sixteenth resolution);
– to increase the Company's share capital, either through the issue, with preferential subscription rights, of shares and/ or investment securities giving access to the Company's share capital, or through the incorporation of additional paid-in capital or the capitalization of reserves, unappropriated retained earnings, or other items (seventeenth resolution);
– to increase the Company's share capital through the issue, without preferential subscription rights, of shares and/ or investment securities giving access to the Company's share capital (eighteenth resolution);
– to raise the number of new shares to be issued in the event of a capital increase with or without preferential subscription rights for existing shareholders (nineteenth resolution);
– to increase the Company's share capital through an issue reserved for Company employees pursuant to the provisions of article L. 225-138 of the French Code of Commerce and article L. 3332-18 et seq. of the French Labor Code (twentieth resolution).
You are requested to grant powers to carry out all legal requirements (twenty-fi rst resolution).
We invite you to approve the above resolutions.
The Board of Directors
Special report by the Chairman of the Board of Directors
on the conditions governing the preparation and organization of the work of the Board and on internal control procedures implemented by the Company (articles L. 225-37 and L. 225-68 of the French Code of Commerce)
To the Shareholders,
Pursuant to the provisions of articles L. 225-37 and L. 225-68 of the French Code of Commerce, I hereby present my report on the conditions governing the preparation and organization of the work of the Board and on internal control procedures implemented by your Company. This report was prepared on the basis of information received from all corporate departments. It was drafted by the General Secretary and the Chairman and CEO of Colas, was submitted to the Audit Committee and subsequently approved by the Board of Directors in its meetings of February 28 and March 18, 2011.
The Board of Directors
Overview of the organization of the Board of Directors
MEMBERSHIP
Your Board consists of the following 12 Directors: Hervé Le Bouc Christian Balmes François Bertière Olivier Bouygues Louis Gabanna Thierry Genestar Jean-François Guillemin Philippe Marien, permanent representative of Bouygues SA Thierry Montouché Christian de Pins Jean-Claude Tostivin Gilles Zancanaro
These Directors are appointed by the Shareholders' Meeting for a term of two years.
CHANGES IN THE MEMBERSHIP OF THE BOARD IN 2010
The Shareholders' Meeting held on April 14, 2010 reappointed one Director, Mr Jean-François Guillemin, and approved the appointment of four new Directors, Messrs Louis Gabanna, Christian de Pins, Jean-Claude Tostivin and Gilles Zancanaro.
PROPOSED CHANGES IN BOARD MEMBERSHIP SUBMITTED TO THE SHAREHOLDERS' MEETING
A proposal will be submitted to the Shareholders' Meeting of April 15, 2011 recommending that the Meeting reappoint seven Directors for a further term of two years: Messrs Hervé Le Bouc, Christian Balmes, François Bertière, Olivier Bouygues, Thierry Genestar, Thierry Montouché and Bouygues SA, and appoint Mr Jacques Leost and Ms Colette Lewiner for a term of two years. The Board would henceforth be composed of 14 Directors.
MEETINGS
The Board of Directors meets four times each year to transact ordinary business (specifi cally, in the months of February, May, August and November). In February, the Board approves the fi nancial statements for the previous fi scal year and reviews the Group's strategic priorities for each business segment. In August, it reviews Group performance during the fi rst half of the year and analyzes business activity and profi t forecasts for the current year. In both May and November, it reviews key business indicators as well as the Group's interim results for the fi rst and third quarters, respectively. At the November meeting, it also reviews the three-year business plan. The agenda of meetings of the Board called to transact ordinary business is generally divided into three parts: current business activity and outlook; review of fi nancial statements; and legal issues. A set of documents dealing with legal matters in particular is presented to each Director.
CHAIRMAN AND CEO
The Board of Directors has decided not to separate the roles of Chairman and CEO.
AUDIT AND COMPENSATION COMMITTEES
The Board is assisted in the performance of its duties by an Audit Committee, a Compensation Committee and an Ethics Committee. The responsibilities of these committees and their operating guidelines are defi ned in the Board's internal rules and regulations.
Created in February 2003, the Audit Committee meets four times each year to review the consolidated and parent company fi nancial statements in advance of Board of Directors' meetings. The members of the Audit Committee are Messrs Philippe Marien (Chairman), Christian Balmes, Thierry Montouché and Gilles Zancanaro.
Its mission is to assist the Board in guaranteeing the accuracy, reliability and fair presentation of these statements and the quality of the information communicated, in particular to shareholders. It reviews the interim and annual fi nancial statements as well as the internal fi nancial results for the periods ending March 31 and September 30. It ensures the relevance of accounting policies and principles, evaluates the main fi nancial risks, assesses internal control systems in place, and issues recommendations. Lastly, it determines criteria for the appointment of statutory auditors and is notifi ed of their mission schedules as well as their recommendations.
Created on April 17, 1991, the Compensation Committee is responsible for recommending to the Board the compensation and benefi ts to be received by the Chairman and Chief Executive Offi cer. The current members of this committee are Messrs Jean-François Guillemin and Olivier Bouygues.
Created on November 25, 2009, the Ethics Committee is comprised of three Directors (Messrs Christian Balmes, Jean-François Guillemin and Thierry Montouché) and is responsible for reviewing all alerts or circumstances that might expose the Group to risks, as well as all sponsoring contracts in amounts greater than 20,000 euros.
Activity report of the Board of Directors for the fi scal year ended December 31, 2010
The Board met four times over the course of the 2010 fi scal year. The average attendance rate at Board of Directors' meetings was 91%.
The main items on the agenda of these four Board meetings were as follows:
The Board approved the annual and interim fi nancial statements after having reviewed the reports submitted by the Audit Committee, examined the fi nancial statements themselves, set the amount of the dividend as well as its payment terms and conditions, and validated the prospectus for the share buyback program. In particular, the Board introduced the option to receive the dividend in the form of shares.
In its meeting of March 1, 2010, the Board decided to submit a proposal to the Shareholders' Meeting for the appointment of four new Directors and the reappointment of one Director. The Board also examined the Group's business activity and results for 2009, the performance of each of its business segments, the Group's strategies and outlook for 2010, its work-onhand, its industrial potential and future strategies, the year's investments (including acquisitions made in 2009 and their impact in terms of production, aggregate reserves and revenue), the investment budget for fi scal year 2010 (including the project for the acquisition of Société de la Raffi nerie de Dunkerque) and evaluated the success of safety improvement initiatives. The parent company and consolidated fi nancial statements were approved with the proposed appropriation of earnings, as well as the compensation awarded to the Chairman, the amount and allocation of directors' fees under the authorization granted by the Shareholders' Meeting, and the Combined Shareholders' Meeting was convened. The Chairman's special report on conditions governing the preparation and organization of the work of the Board and on internal control procedures implemented by the Company was approved. For the fi rst time, a risk mapping covering the entire scope of the Group's operations was presented to the Board.
In its meeting of May 27, 2010, the Board reviewed the interim results of the parent company and its subsidiaries for the period ending March 31, 2010.
In its meeting of August 30, 2010, the Board reviewed the results of the parent company and its subsidiaries for the fi rst half of the year, considered work-on-hand in detail and discussed the current status of investments. Three acquisitions were presented: Sagemcom's "Urban Systems" business unit by the subsidiary Aximum and two US road construction companies (RB Baker Construction Inc. and Ballou Pavement Solutions Inc.), which expand the Group's territorial coverage. The interim management report was approved.
In its meeting of November 26, 2010, the Board reviewed the Group's business activity during the third quarter of 2010 and its outlook, investments made, one proposed acquisition and the parent company and consolidated fi nancial results for the period ending September 30, 2010. A proposed three-year business plan for the period 2011-2013 was also presented and discussed. A report on the characteristics of the highway concession project for the A63 between Salles and Saint-Geours-de-Maremne in France, for which Colas has been selected as the preferred bidder, was presented.
Operations of the committees established by the Board
AUDIT COMMITTEE
The Audit Committee met four times during the year, on February 24, May 25, August 25 and November 25, 2010. The attendance rate at these meetings was 94%. During its meetings, the Audit Committee notably reviewed the Group's accounting policies, the scope of consolidation and segment information. In February, the new IFRS accounting standards and interpretations to be adopted in respect of the 2010 fi nancial statements were examined. This analysis gave rise to the conclusion that these new standards and interpretations would not have any material impact for Colas. In May, a risk mapping for the bitumen business and a market risk study (petroleum and foreign exchange) in connection with the business of Société de la Raffi nerie de Dunkerque, conducted in order to adapt the Group's internal control systems to this business, were presented. An analysis of ethical risks, both in France and worldwide, and of the provisions established to protect against these risks, was presented. In August, the Committee examined the impact of the integration of Société de la Raffi nerie de Dunkerque, which had just been acquired, and the provisional allocation of the difference arising on initial consolidation. A detailed review of consolidated inventories (methods, types, geographic breakdown) was presented. In November, goodwill impairment charges booked in the accounts as of September 30, 2010 were reviewed. Lastly, at each meeting, a progress report on the internal audit function and the work carried out since the previous meeting of the Committee was presented. A sample follow-up of post-audit recommendations was submitted to the Committee. A summary of the fi ndings of the annual self-assessment survey for 2010 relating to the internal control framework was discussed. At these four meetings, the Audit Committee issued an unqualifi ed opinion with regard to the fi nancial statements and recommended that they be approved by the Board.
COMPENSATION COMMITTEE
The Compensation Committee met in February 2010 to review the compensation awarded to Mr Hervé Le Bouc, Chairman and Chief Executive Offi cer and make its recommendations.
Internal control procedures within the Company
Colas, as the head company of a group of 645 companies based in some 40 countries, implements internal control procedures in line with its business strategies to ensure the best possible supervision of its operations and the associated risks, whether operational, fi nancial or legal. The objective is to ensure that the accounting and fi nancial information presents a fair view of the Group's business activities and to make sure that management decisions, transactions carried out and courses of action pursued by employees comply with regulations as well as the guiding principles and best practices to which Colas adheres. Risk management has always been a key priority at Colas, espoused by its senior executives and managers who base their actions on principles and procedures that have been in use for a very long time. As with any internal control system, the Company is not able to fully guarantee that the risks it is designed to prevent are completely eliminated.
Reference framework
Colas Group applies the internal control reference framework published by the AMF Autorité des Marchés Financiers in January 2007.
Scope of application of internal control
The Group's internal control procedures apply to Colas and to all directly controlled subsidiaries in which the parent company holds an ownership interest greater than 50% (including the subsidiaries of these entities).
Organization and monitoring of internal control procedures
ORGANIZATION OF THE GROUP AND INTERNAL CONTROL PROCEDURES
Organization principles
– Business activities pursued by subsidiaries: virtually all of the Group's business activities are conducted by subsidiaries, a very large majority of which are wholly owned by Colas.
– High level of decentralization, in order to situate decision-making processes at the most relevant and effective level: this architecture involves a limited number of hierarchical tiers and usually only three main levels of responsibility. Each manager fulfi lls his or her role by virtue of delegations of powers of attorney granted to operational and functional managers at different hierarchical levels, which are exercised in the context of general directives.
– Financial and economic responsibility assumed by independent legal entities (coextensive legal and fi nancial scope of action).
– Systematic and frequent verifi cation of actions and results in relation to objectives defi ned and monitored in documents drafted at regular intervals on the basis of shared and identical management principles, guidelines and procedures followed by all Group companies and employees.
– Integrated management tools facilitating the monitoring and supervision of production activities through the use of software modules covering all management and accounting functions, supplemented by a specifi c tool used for reporting and consolidation. The software tool deployed across all French road construction subsidiaries offers complete coverage of operations, from business acquisition to execution, including budgeting and procurement. This tool interfaces with the manufacturing tools and the production equipment. It is intended to promote greater effi ciency and simpler control of operations in profi t centers. Accounting, fi nance and human resources information systems are currently being harmonized. A single software system has been operational in mainland France since January 1, 2005. The numbers of software tools used for these needs in the Group's international operations has gradually been narrowed down to a small handful of solutions (one in the United States, one in Canada, one in Europe, and one for both the overseas departments and territories and the African continent).
Organization of business activities
Both in France and worldwide, business activities are performed by work centers or industrial units operating in a geographically defi ned region (e.g., a specifi c region of France), each of which is under the supervision of an operational manager supported by his or her management teams, who aim to achieve specifi c fi nancial and qualitative objectives. These centers are united under either regional subsidiaries (within France) or national subsidiaries (outside of France). Each of these subsidiaries has its own executive management team – in general, a president supported by functional managers responsible for orienting, developing and auditing all operations of the subsidiary.
Four Managing Directors steer, supervise and audit the work of these subsidiaries, grouped as follows: road construction subsidiaries in mainland France, specialized activities (Railways, Waterproofi ng, Road Safety and Signaling, Pipes and Mains) and Northern Europe; North America; and the Rest of the World (French overseas departments and territories, central Europe, Indian Ocean, Africa, Asia, Middle East).
Main internal control procedures
All subsidiaries and managing directors benefi t from assistance provided by the functional departments of Colas, which provide the benefi t of their expertise (procurement, internal audit, accounting and consolidation, communication, environment, fi nance, legal matters, marketing, equipment, research and development, human resources and information systems). These departments defi ne and make changes to the Group's guidelines and procedures in their specifi c areas of expertise. They work closely with the functional managers of the subsidiaries. Meetings bring together at least once or several times each year all managers within the Group who share the same function so as to exchange experiences, organize and disseminate information, and keep abreast of the latest developments.
Staff at the subsidiaries have access to the "Group Management Principles" document, a booklet fi rst published in 2001 covering the essential rules and procedures applicable within the Group, all of which refl ect the values defi ning the Colas spirit and culture, as well as rules of conduct and a code of business ethics developed by Bouygues, the parent company of Colas, to which Colas and its subsidiaries unreservedly subscribe. In the context of this organization, all executive management staff place special emphasis on ensuring that internal control remains a key priority for employees of companies within the Group (at both long-existing and newly integrated subsidiaries). The strategy pursued by the Group for many years is one focusing on growth and expansion achieved through the application of prudence, rigor and control. The transparency of internal control contributes to compliance with these principles. The sharing of these principles is backed by the skills and expertise of employees, a large proportion of whom have been working within the Group for many years, encouraged by a system based on regular internal promotion, or who have joined the Group as a result of the many acquisitions carried out and who share these values, already respected within the entities in question or acquired once they were integrated within the Group. Anticipating requirements and skills and the development of talents are priority objectives of the Group's human resources policy, as is a policy for protecting the life, health and safety of employees.
Supervision and control of operations
• Work-on-hand, revenue and profi t in a highly decentralized Group:
The nature of the road construction business, as well as the other specialty activities pursued by Colas, means that the Group receives orders for, executes and recognizes in its accounts about 105,000 construction projects each year. In addition to the thousands of small-scale projects of relatively short duration, Colas regularly handles a number of major projects in France and especially abroad. Engineering studies and order management are under the responsibility of the operating managers in charge of some 800 works centers and 1,400 production sites throughout the world. Bids for either large-scale projects or those considered as exceptional in relation to their characteristics or complexity, as well as projects in new markets for the Group (these elements are defi ned in detail in the internal procedures and/or delegations of powers of attorney) as well as bids for long-term operations such as service contracts (concessions, public-private partnerships, private fi nance initiatives) are subject to prior approval by a contract committee at the subsidiary level, by the Managing Director with responsibility for the geographic area, or by the General Management of Colas. In 2010, executive contract committees met to review the conditions for submitting bids or proposals for 133 different projects. Dedicated I.T. tools are used to monitor worksite performance. The validity of these arrangements is verifi ed by the executive management functions of the Group's various subsidiaries. Contracts resulting in revenue in excess of 20 million euros at the conclusion of work are monitored on a quarterly basis by the Audit Committee.
• Acquisitions and disposals:
As any acquisition process exposes the Group to risk, all proposals for the creation, acquisition or disposal of an undertaking (securities or assets) or of property assets must fi rst be presented in the form of a specifi c investment or disinvestment request, including a set of supporting documents defi ned in the guide to internal procedures. These proposals are submitted to the Executive Management of the Group and are subject to its approval prior to being presented to the Board of Directors of the subsidiary carrying out the acquisition.
• Objectives and action plans in the area of responsible development are monitored on a regular basis, particularly in relation to:
– health and safety: safety in the workplace and during employee transportation is a priority for every Group company. A control, monitoring and reporting system analyzing these indicators has been developed;
– environment: compliance with environmental regulations is regularly verifi ed. ISO certifi cation in quality and environmental management is in the process of being obtained across the Group, with the aim of achieving certifi cation for all industrial installations. Analysis systems (worldwide checklists) have been implemented and give rise to shared action plans. An Environment department at the Colas parent company works through a network of representatives in all subsidiaries. It enforces the guidelines laid down by Executive Management granting subsidiaries broad autonomy to best adapt these measures to address specifi c local issues;
– ethics: for many years, guidelines have been established and disseminated to promote compliance with business ethics and standards of integrity, which have been included in a brochure and summarized on the fi rst page of the management principles brochure, supplemented by a code of ethics. Given the considerable decentralization of business lines and the very large number of staff members in a position to enter into contracts, particularly with public sector clients, risks associated with business ethics cannot be ruled out completely. It is for this reason that training programs and refresher courses are offered, together with the implementation of controls and reporting, the ultimate goal being to ensure coverage of all subsidiaries. In 2010, in addition to regular reminders in all meetings of subsidiaries, executive management teams and on the Group level, a number of full-day training sessions were held in mainland France and in the overseas departments, for some 150 managers.
• Procedures with regard to preparing, processing and monitoring fi nancial and accounting information:
The main documents, procedures and tools used for the communication of accounting and fi nancial information are based on accrual accounting. This allows for monitoring worksite cost schedules, as well as for preparing activity reports by subsidiary and/or country and monthly statements of post-tax profi t (monthly for subsidiaries and the Group), which are consolidated. They give the revenue, the work-on-hand, the main fi nancial indicators and the consolidated net profi t of the Group, on the 15th of each month following the month of operations. These fi gures are compared monthly with the bi-annual budgets and the quarterly balance sheets and income statements, at the level of each subsidiary and each executive management division. The net consolidated cash fl ow position is prepared on a daily basis for companies located in mainland France and on a monthly basis for the Group. These fi gures are reconciled with the three-month forecasts, which are produced each month. Meetings are organized throughout the year with the main senior executives in charge of operating the subsidiaries, to analyze changes in business activity, the economic situation, strategy and issues relating to current affairs.
The accounting and consolidation department is in charge of preparing and analyzing the consolidated fi nancial and accounting information. The division sets out and monitors the accounting rules and policies in accordance with IFRS. For the 2010 fi nancial statements, 557 consolidation reporting packages were processed for a scope of consolidation covering 645 entities. Personnel involved included some 15 staff at Colas, about 200 at the headquarters of subsidiaries based in mainland France, 450 in operating entities and, outside France, some 150 staff in headquarters and 300 in operating entities or at worksites, giving a total of more than 1,100 persons.
In France and abroad, cash management is centralized whenever possible. Financial fl ows in mainland France and abroad are subject to Group procedures, to ensure maximum security and to minimize fraud risks.
• Procedure for the coverage of risks through insurance:
Risk management policy focuses on people, production and transport assets, work sites and manufactured products. These risks are identifi ed and analyzed based on prior experience where possible. The primary focus is placed on prevention in order to reduce the frequency and impact of incidents. One aspect of the policy, which is important in Colas' fi eld of work, is to treat both road and railroad worksites on a fractional basis. The Group consistently communicates any lessons learned from previous incidents to all levels within the Company and across all business segments. Risks are monitored by functional departments, particularly the legal department, of each subsidiary, under the authority of its president. These risks are systematically identifi ed on a basis of data updated in real time by subsidiaries. Colas' risk and insurance department supervises and contributes its expertise, as and when required, to the management of these risks. The assessed risks are managed at all levels by the prevention, legal transfer of risk, the conservation of risk or risk insurance. Insurance cover is required for all major risks. Transfer to insurance is conditional upon the defi nition and assessment of risk (probability of occurrence of the damage). The insurability of risk remains subject to the constraints of the insurance market. Certain risks are insured by Group policies managed by Colas on the basis of the information of the subsidiaries. Others may be covered on an optional basis under existing policies (subsidiaries are responsible for subscribing to such policies). Finally, internationally, certain insurance policies are subscribed locally, either to meet local legislation, or to cover frequency risks necessitating local-level management. Liability insurance policies cover third party property and bodily injury claims and mainly include mandatory automobile insurance as well as general public liability, products liability, and premises and operations liability insurance, together with contractor's ten-year guarantee insurance. Coverage amounts are appropriate to the risks incurred by Group companies and are generally in excess of 5 million euros. Property damage insurance covers damage affecting assets included in the companies' asset base. The guarantee amounts are generally equivalent to the value of the assets. For work under construction, a specifi c insurance policy is subscribed when there is a contractual obligation.
MONITORING AND SUPERVISION OF THE SYSTEM
In 2010, Colas pursued its efforts focusing on constant improvements and the continuous adaptation of its internal control framework.
Progress in the development of internal control procedures
The Group's project for the defi nition of internal control procedures was launched in September 2007, in close collaboration with Bouygues SA, its parent company. Conceived as a three-year plan, this project sought to identify and review the existing internal control procedures and to implement any changes and improvements required to obtain an internal control system encompassing all Colas Group companies. This project uses input from exchanges with other lines of business within the Bouygues Group, addressing cross-functional issues in a harmonized manner, while taking into account the specifi c characteristics of Colas.
This process for improving Colas' internal control procedures consists of an annual self-assessment of the principles of the procedures and a management of risks based on mapping the risks, which is carried out each year when the three-year business plan is produced.
The annual self-assessment of the principles of Colas' internal control framework, tested for the fi rst time in France in October 2008, has now been extended to all Colas business segments. There are 458 principles, comprised of 243 general principles and 215 accounting and fi nancial principles, to which have been added 61 principles specifi c to the Group's business lines. Together they form Colas' internal control framework.
• This assessment was performed in October 2010 in each French regional subsidiary and each country subsidiary outside France (except in the United States and Canada, where the assessment was performed at the state or province level), thus a total of 59 subsidiaries or head companies of consolidation groups, representing 99% of the Group's consolidated revenue.
• The review of the proper application of these principles at the various subsidiaries takes the form of a self-evaluation, with each principle assigned a score of between 1 and 4, depending on the extent of application of the principle at the subsidiary and the offi cial procedures employed to ensure proper application. Each assessment provided by a respondent best able to appreciate the extent of application of a given principle in the subsidiary is then validated and commented by a validator, generally the manager of the entity or another individual delegated to perform this role.
• The assessment of the proper application of the Colas internal control framework involved the participation of presidents and CEOs as well as operational, technical, equipment, human resources, legal, IT, administrative and fi nancial managers, accountants, the functional division heads at the Colas parent company and the managing directors.
• For this second global assessment, the subsidiaries were requested to base their evaluation more on the operating units' assessments. 100 of the 519 principles that make up Colas' internal control framework were thereby assessed at the level of entities; their assessments then contributing to the subsidiary respondents' project and validators' fi nal assessments.
• A score of 1 or 2, indicating a lack of application or, more frequently, a partial or insuffi ciently procedural application of a given principle, results in an observation with recommendations concerning action plans to be implemented locally or in a generalized fashion depending on the analysis.
• The analysis of the results of this second overall assessment of internal control principles found that:
– in general, a large majority of subsidiaries demonstrate good overall management of operations and processes, and, for each process, the defi nition and gradual appropriation by those involved is seen, along with a correct application of Group management principles;
– overall, progress was made, as shown in the 2010 selfassessment, where the average rating was higher than that of the previous year (the good rating of accounting and fi nancial policies contributed to this). This improvement seems to be related to the action plans implemented at year-end 2009-early 2010, following the fi rst global assessment campaign;
– points requiring attention concern:
• the availability in all subsidiaries of information regarding accounting policies and Group consolidation procedures; this information is currently being updated and disseminated on the intranet,
• diffi culty in ensuring a proper segregation of duties in some entities, owing to their very small size,
• ongoing improvement in managing and coordinating employees' careers, identifying crucial posts and monitoring staff with high potential, following an action plan launched in the fi rst quarter 2010,
• improving the security of information systems (testing of business continuity plans and emergency anti-virus plans is to be conducted in two sites in France, in 2011) and continuing improvements in securing computer rooms in all Colas' entities,
• too slow a pace of integration of newly acquired companies, such as Gouyer in the Caribbean and, in particular, Cesta Varazdin in Croatia,
• weaknesses in certain central European subsidiaries, a large number of which involved individuals' failings, which led to actions being taken in 2010 and which will continue in 2011 (replacing the entire management chain, managing director, deputy managing director, administration and fi nance manager and three subsidiary managers, together with bolstering support given to these companies, to increase the pace at which good practices are shared),
• increasing the formalization and dissemination of instructions and rules so as to facilitate their complete assimilation by staff, especially as concerns new or newly promoted staff;
– the 2010 fi scal year saw the exposure of certain weaknesses: a case of fraud (an international wire transfer to the detriment of employees not having applied procedures in a subsidiary in the Caribbean, embezzlement of asphalt mixes sales by employees of a joint venture in Great Britain, misappropriation of checks by and for the benefi t of an employee in a quarry holding) or malfunctions (unjustifi ed recorded revenue in a profi t center of a road subsidiary in mainland France);
– in 2010, two subsidiaries were fi ned for breaching antitrust regulations: a Hungarian rail subsidiary was fi ned mainly concerning events prior to its being acquired by Colas, a second, larger fi ne was imposed on the subsidiary Aximum for having been the parent company of a vertical signaling company that had been involved in antitrust practices between 1998 and 2006, despite the fact that Aximum has disposed of the company and that these practices were carried out totally independently of its parent company.
Main actions taken in 2010 following the 2009 assessment:
– disseminating a new Group purchasing procedure;
– disseminating press relations kit, including crisis situations;
– including main human resources needs when examining the budget at the beginning of the year and reviewing the main operating and fi nancial risks identifi ed when mapping of risks with the action plans to be undertaken.
For 2011, the actions planned include:
– updating and improving specifi c control and authorization procedures for order-taking or for bids on certain projects;
– strengthening the International executive management with two deputy managing directors, to whom two additional administration and fi nance managers will be assigned: one in charge of Africa/Indian Ocean/French overseas departments and the other in charge of central Europe;
– increasing the centralization of international payments for improved security;
– improving the dissemination of the principles of information systems security;
– pursuing, broadening and bolstering the multi-annual training program regarding business ethics;
– reviewing the objectives of internal audit with a view to broadening its scope, by bolstering the means it has at its disposal;
– putting to work the Management Committee, a new corporate governance body that was set up at the end of 2010. This Committee comprises the seven members of the Executive Committee and thirteen other representative managers of Colas' businesses. The Committee will examine questions of strategy and will be a key component to Colas' continuing success, naturally with consequences on matters of internal control.
RISK MAPPING
– Following a program of training and awarenessraising in 2009, which enabled an initial formal listing of major, identifi able risks to be carried out at the beginning of 2010, the mapping of risks continued alongside the updating of the three-year business plans, drawn up at the same time as the 2011 projected budgets for Colas' geographical zones prepared by the executive management teams.
– This mapping of risks includes no more than eight main risks that might affect the achievement of operational, fi nancial and strategic objectives included in the three-year business plans. An overview will be presented to the Board of Directors at its meeting to be held in February and to the Audit Committee at its meeting held prior to that of the Board of Directors.
– Seven risks have been considered as major at the Group level, with regard to their potential fi nancial impact and their likelihood of occurrence. They give rise to an action plan intended to reduce the likelihood of occurrence and limit their impact.
– This second mapping confi rmed that Colas' exposure to systemic risks is relatively limited but it showed the Group's sensitivity to risks connected to economic and fi nancial situations of the countries in which Colas carries out business and the extent and/or speed at which its local entities are able to anticipate and adapt to such risks.
Monitoring of internal control procedures
All participants in Company procedures across the Group are responsible for the monitoring and management of its internal control program. The process is supervised by a coordinator at the level of the Colas parent company, who liaises with a network of correspondents in the Group's country- or region-based subsidiaries.
As part of its program, the Group's internal audit division verifi es that the internal control principles have been properly applied and audits the quality of the assessment.
The Group's internal audit division consists of eight auditors working under an audit manager, and reports directly to the Chairman.
The responsibilities of internal audit mainly relate to:
– the assessment of the organizational approaches deployed at the subsidiaries and other audited entities for the management of risks, the protection of assets, the reliability of fi nancial statements and disclosures as well as compliance with the rules, procedures and objectives of the Group and with applicable laws and regulations;
– proposals for improvements in the operations of the audited entity to enhance its effectiveness and ensure the adequate dissemination of best practices. The scope of the internal audit team's responsibilities includes the verifi cation of the application of internal control principles on the basis of the Colas framework, the results of the annual self-evaluations and the implementation of action plans intended to improve the entire internal control system.
The annual program for the internal audit function is approved by the Chairman. This program includes about 10 audits on average relating to entities based in France and those of the Group's international operations. Entities having recently joined the Group and those whose most recent audit dates back more than fi ve years are the main targets of the annual audit program.
Accordingly, in 2010, the team audited the subsidiaries Sully-Miller (United States), Cesta Varazdin (Croatia), the activities of Colas Rail in Morocco and in Romania, as well as the French companies Sacer Atlantique and Colas Centre-Ouest, the shared services platform Échangeur Nantes, along with Ribal (French Guiana), Colas Martinique, Colas Guadeloupe, and the western track units, catenary system and signaling activities of Colas Rail in France.
These audits may be supplemented by more technical or targeted engagements as was the case in 2010 with a feasibility study for the combination of certain of the Group's specialized activities in the Paris region or the in-depth analysis of terms and conditions for declaring the completion of the contract for work on the M6 Motorway in southern Hungary by Colas Hungaria.
Each of these audits results in an audit report submitted to the Chairman, to the functional division heads at the Colas headquarters, to the executive management team of the country or region concerned, as well as the management bodies of the audited entity. Each time, a copy of this report is also sent to the Group's Statutory Auditors. The internal audit team also receives the reports drafted by the Statutory Auditors of Group companies. Each audit summary report is supplemented by a list of recommendations for the attention of the audited entity's management bodies so that the entity may draw up an action plan within the subsequent two months. The Statutory Auditors are informed of the annual internal audit program. Regular meetings between internal and external auditors are planned so as to exchange information on the work performed by each team and verify the complementarity of the procedures applied. The internal control framework, in its most recent version, is forwarded to the Statutory Auditors. The summary of the fi ndings of the self-assessment procedure in October 2010 was submitted to the Group's Audit Committee and discussed in its meeting of November 25, 2010. This summary is made available to the Statutory Auditors so that they may use these fi ndings in the context of their usual procedures in relation to accounting and fi nancial matters. These fi ndings will also be used to guide the work of the internal audit team in conjunction with that carried out by the Statutory Auditors. The Statutory Auditors are also informed of the general fi ndings of the selfassessment of accounting and fi nancial principles carried out by the French subsidiaries.
The objective of current internal controls is to allow Colas to achieve profi table growth in a harmonious manner. It is therefore rooted in the prevention and control of risks arising from operations or any other type of risk. As its primary objective, it aims to ensure the reliability of accounting and fi nancial reports and provide a true and fair image of Colas to its shareholders, customers and employees. Efforts to improve and modernize this internal control framework have been and will continue to be carried out. However, internal controls may not represent an absolute guarantee and constant vigilance is required in this respect.
The Chairman
Statutory Auditors report,
prepared in accordance with the article L. 225-235 of the French Code of Commerce on the report of the Chairman of the Board of Directors
(Fiscal year ended December 31, 2010)
To the Shareholders,
In our capacity as Statutory Auditors of Colas and in accordance with article L. 225-235 of the French Code of Commerce, we hereby report to you on the report prepared by the Chairman of your Company in accordance with article L. 225-37 of the French Code of Commerce for the year ended December 31, 2010.
It is the Chairman's responsibility to prepare and to submit for the Board of Directors' approval a report on internal control and risk management procedures implemented by the Company and to provide the other information required by article L. 225-37 of the French Code of Commerce relating to matters such as corporate governance.
Our role is to :
– report on the information contained in the Chairman's report in respect of the internal control procedures relating to the preparation and processing of the accounting and fi nancial information, and
– confi rm that the report also includes the other information required by article L. 225-37 of the French Code of Commerce. It should be noted that our role is not to verify the fairness of this other information.
We conducted our work in accordance with professional standards applicable in France.
Information on the internal control procedures relating to the preparation and processing of accounting and fi nancial information
The professional standards require that we perform the necessary procedures to assess the fairness of the information provided in the Chairman's report in respect of the internal control procedures relating to the preparation and processing of the accounting and fi nancial information.
These procedures consist mainly in:
– obtaining an understanding of the internal control procedures relating to the preparation and processing of the accounting and fi nancial information on which the information presented in the Chairman's report is based and of the existing documentation;
– obtaining an understanding of the work involved in the preparation of this information and of the existing documentation;
– determining if any material weaknesses in the internal control procedures relating to the preparation and processing of the accounting and fi nancial information that we would have noted in the course of our work are properly disclosed in the Chairman's report.
On the basis of our work, we have nothing to report on the information in respect of the Company's internal control procedures relating to the preparation and processing of the accounting and fi nancial information contained in the report prepared by the Chairman of the Board of Directors in accordance with article L. 225-37 of the French Code of Commerce.
Other information
We confi rm that the report of the Chairman of the Board of Directors also contains the other information required by article L. 225-37 of the French Code of Commerce.
Paris-La Défense and Courbevoie, March 18, 2011
The Statutory Auditors
| KPMG Audit A division of KPMG SA |
MAZARS | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Xavier Fournet Partner |
Gilles Rainaut Gaël Lamant Partner |
Partner |
Notes to the report of the Board of Directors
Other directorships and positions held by Company offi cers (article L. 225-102-1 of the French Code of Commerce)
| Name of company | Type | Offi ce in the company | Head offi ce |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hervé Le Bouc | |||
| Colas | SA | Director, Chairman and Chief Executive Offi cer |
7, place René-Clair – 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt – France |
| Bouygues | SA | Director | 32, avenue Hoche – 75008 Paris – France |
| Cofi route | SA | Permanent Representative of Colas | 6-10, rue Troyon – 92310 Sèvres – France |
| Colas Inc. | Inc. | Director | 163 Madison Avenue, suite 500 – NJ 07960 Morristown – United States |
| ColasCanada | Inc. | Director | 4984 place de la Savane, bureau 150 – Montreal, Quebec H4P 2M9 – Canada |
| Colasie | SA | Director, Chairman and Chief Executive Offi cer |
7, place René-Clair – 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt – France |
| Colas Midi-Méditerranée | SA | Permanent Representative of Colas | 345, rue Louis-de-Broglie – La Duranne – 13792 Aix-en-Provence – France |
| Aximum | SA | Permanent Representative of Colas | 41, boulevard de la République – 78400 Chatou – France |
| Échangeur International | SNC | Permanent Representative of Colas | 7, place René-Clair – 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt – France |
| Fondation Colas | FDT | Chairman | 7, place René-Clair – 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt – France |
| Hincol | Ltd | Director | 5th Floor Richardson – Crudas Building – Sir JJ Road BY 400008 Mumbai – India |
| Isco | Ltd | Director | Je-il bldg 94/49 Youngdeungpo – dong 7 ga Yougdeundpo – dong 140988 Seoul – Korea |
| Sacer Atlantique | SA | Permanent Representative of Spare | Échangeur Nantes – BP 90783 – 2, rue Gaspard-Coriolis – 44307 Nantes – France |
| Screg Est | SA | Permanent Representative of Colas | 44, boulevard de la Mothe – 54000 Nancy – France |
| Société Parisienne d'Études, d'Informatique et de Gestion |
SA | Permanent Representative of Colas | 2-4, allée Latécoère – 78140 Vélizy-Villacoublay – France |
| Spac | SA | Permanent Representative of IPF | 13, rue Madame-de-Sanzillon – 92112 Clichy – France |
| Tasco | SA | Director | Tipco, 118/1 Rama 6 road – Samsen Nai, Phayathai – 10400 Bangkok – Thailand |
| Colas Émulsions | SACS | Representative of Colas on the Board of Trustees |
5, boulevard Abdellah-Ben-Yacine – 21700 Casablanca – Morocco |
| Grands Travaux Routiers | SACS | Representative of Colas on the Board of Trustees |
5, boulevard Abdellah-Ben-Yacine – 21700 Casablanca – Morocco |
| La Route Marocaine | SACS | Member of the Board of Trustees | 5, boulevard Abdellah-Ben-Yacine – 21700 Casablanca – Morocco |
| Société Maghrébienne d'Entreprises et de Travaux |
SACS | Member of the Board of Trustees | 5, boulevard Abdellah-Ben-Yacine – 21700 Casablanca – Morocco |
| Name of company | Type | Offi ce in the company | Head offi ce |
|---|---|---|---|
| Christian Balmes | |||
| Colas | SA | Director | 7, place René-Clair – 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt – France |
| APSYS | SA | Director | ZAC de la Clef-Saint-Pierre – 1, boulevard Jean-Moulin – 78990 Élancourt – France |
| François Bertière | |||
| Bouygues | SA | Director | 32, avenue Hoche – 75008 Paris – France |
| Bouygues Immobilier | SA | Director, Chairman and Chief Executive Offi cer |
3, boulevard Gallieni – 92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux – France |
| Colas | SA | Director | 7, place René-Clair – 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt – France |
| Olivier Bouygues | |||
| Bouygues | SA | Permanent Representative of SCDM Deputy Chief Executive Offi cer |
32, avenue Hoche – 75008 Paris – France |
| SCDM | SAS | Managing Director | 32, avenue Hoche – 75008 Paris – France |
| Bouygues Telecom | SA | Director | 32, avenue Hoche – 75008 Paris – France |
| Télévision Française 1 (TF1) | SA | Director | 1, quai du Point-du-Jour – 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt – France |
| Colas | SA | Director | 7, place René-Clair – 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt – France |
| Bouygues Construction | SA | Director | 1, avenue Eugène-Freyssinet – 78065 Guyancourt – France |
| Alstom | SA | Director | 3, avenue André-Malraux – 92300 Levallois-Perret – France |
| Eurosport | SA | Director | 3, rue Gaston-et-René-Caudron – 92798 Issy-les-Moulineaux – France |
| Finagestion | SA | Director | 1, avenue Eugène-Freyssinet – 78280 Guyancourt – France |
| Cefi na | SAS | Member of the Executive Committee | 132, boulevard Haussmann – 75008 Paris – France |
| SCDM Énergie | SAS | Permanent Representative of SCDM – Chairman |
32, avenue Hoche – 75008 Paris – France |
| Sagri-E | SAS | Chairman | 32, avenue Hoche – 75008 Paris – France |
| Sagri-F | SAS | Chairman | 32, avenue Hoche – 75008 Paris – France |
| Sénégalaise des Eaux | SA | Director | Centre du Hann – Route du Front-de-Terre – BP 224 – Dakar – Senegal |
| SIR | SNC | Non-associate Manager | 32, avenue Hoche – 75008 Paris – France |
| SIB | SNC | Non-associate Manager | 32, avenue Hoche – 75008 Paris – France |
| Société de Distribution d'Eau de la Côte d'Ivoire (SODECI) |
SA | Director | 1, avenue Christiani – Abidjan – Rep. of Côte d'Ivoire |
| Compagnie Ivoirienne d'Électricité (CIE) |
SA | Director | BP 6923 – Abidjan – Rep. of Côte d'Ivoire |
| Seci | SA | Director Chairman and Chief Executive Offi cer |
34, avenue Houdaille – Tour Sidam BP 4039 – Abidjan – Rep. of Côte d'Ivoire |
| Name of company | Type | Offi ce in the company | Head offi ce |
|---|---|---|---|
| Louis Gabanna | |||
| Colas Inc. | Inc. | Director, Chairman of the Board | 163 Madison Avenue, suite 500 – NJ 07960 Morristown – United States |
| ColasCanada | Inc. | Director, Chairman and Chief Executive Offi cer |
4984 place de la Savane, bureau 150 – Montreal, Quebec H4P 2M9 – Canada |
| Canadian Road Builders | Inc. | Director | Suite 1540, Weber Centre – 5555 Calgary Trail – Edmonton, Alberta T6H 5P9 – Canada |
| Sintra | Inc. | Director, Chairman of the Board | 4984 place de la Savane, bureau 200 – Montreal, Quebec H4P 2M9 – Canada |
| Terus Construction | Ltd | Director | 201 – 5550 152 Street – Surrey, British Columbia V3S 5J9 – Canada |
| Interoute Construction | Ltd | Director | 1056 Playmor Road – Box 22 – Crescent Valley, British Columbia V0G 1H0 – Canada |
| L B Paving | Ltd | Director | 2992 Tatlow Road – Box 3513 – Smithers, British Columbia V0J 2N0 – Canada |
| North Coast Road Maintenance | Ltd | Director | 201 – 5550 152 Street – Surrey, British Columbia V3S 5J9 – Canada |
| Skookum Asphalt | Ltd | Director | #1 Ear Lake Road – Whitehorse, Yukon Y1A 6L4 – Canada |
| YCS Holdings | Ltd | Director | 4955 Sandberg Road – Box 2370 – Prince George, British Columbia V2N 2S6 – Canada |
| Works Alberta | Ltd | Director, Chairman of the Board | Suite 1560, Weber Centre – 5555 Calgary Trail – Edmonton, Alberta T6H 5P9 – Canada |
| G & C Asphalt | Ltd | Director | 10015 Thatcher Avenue – North Battleford, Saskatchewan S9A 3W8 – Canada |
| Alberta Highway Services | Ltd | Director | 23 Bellerose Drive – St. Albert Alberta T8N 5E1 – Canada |
| Arctic Holdings and Leasing | Ltd | Director | 135 Kam Lake Road – Box 2949 – Yellowknife, NT XIA 2R2 – Canada |
| E Construction | Ltd | Director | 10130 – 21 Street NW – Edmonton, Alberta T6P 1W7 – Canada |
| NPA | Ltd | Director | County Industrial Park – Box 608 – Grande Prairie, Alberta T8V 3A8 – Canada |
| NWT Construction | Ltd | Director | 135 Kam Lake Road – Box 2949 – Yellowknife, NT XIA 2R2 – Canada |
| Standard General | Ltd | Director | 23 Bellerose Drive – St. Albert, Alberta T8N 5E1 – Canada |
| Standard General Construction (1996) |
Ltd | Director | 23 Bellerose Drive – St. Albert, Alberta T8N 5E1 – Canada |
| Synergy Construction Materials | Ltd | Director | Suite 1560, Weber Centre – 5555 Calgary Trail – Edmonton, Alberta T6H 5P9 – Canada |
| Wood Buffalo Project Management | Ltd | Director | 10130 – 21 Street NW – Edmonton, Alberta T6P 1W7 – Canada |
| Emulsion Products of Canada | Inc. | Director, Chairman and secretary treasurer |
2200, 10155 – 102 Street – Edmonton, Alberta T5J 4G8 – Canada |
| Name of company | Type | Offi ce in the company | Head offi ce |
|---|---|---|---|
| Thierry Genestar | |||
| Colas | SA | Director | 7, place René-Clair – 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt – France |
| Adelac | SAS | Director | Le Châble – 400, route de Viry – 74160 Beaumont – France |
| Beaujolaise de Porphyre | SA | Chairman, Chief Executive Offi cer | Échangeur Lyon – 2, avenue Tony-Garnier – 69007 Lyon – France |
| Carrières Roy | SA | Director | Le Noubleau – BP 1 – 79330 Saint-Varent - France |
| Colas Belgium | SA | Permanent Representative of Colas | 313, rue Nestor-Martin – 1082 Bruxelles – Belgium |
| Colas Centre-Ouest | SA | Permanent Representative of Colas | Échangeur Nantes – 2, rue Gaspard-Coriolis – 44300 Nantes – France |
| Colas Environnement | SAS | Director | 7, place René-Clair – 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt – France |
| Colas Est | SA | Permanent Representative of Colas | 44, boulevard de la Moth – 54000 Nancy |
| Colas Nord-Picardie | SA | Permanent Representative of Colas | Échangeur Lille – 197, rue du 8-Mai-1945 – BP 10135 – 59653 Villeneuve-d'Ascq Cedex – France |
| Colas Rhône-Alpes – Auvergne | SA | Permanent Representative of Colas | Échangeur Lyon – 2, avenue Tony-Garnier – 69007 Lyon – France |
| Développement Infrastructures | SAS | Chairman | Échangeur Lyon – 2, avenue Tony-Garnier – 69007 Lyon – France |
| Perrier TP | SA | Director | 13, route de Lyon – 69800 Saint-Priest – France |
| Revue Générale Routes et Aérodromes |
SAS | Director | 10, rue Clément-Marot – 75008 Paris – France |
| Sacer Atlantique | SA | Permanent Representative of Colas | Échangeur Nantes – 2, rue Gaspard-Coriolis – 44300 Nantes – France |
| Sacer Paris-Nord-Est | SA | Permanent Representative of Colas | 6, rue Jean-Mermoz – 78771 Magny-les-Hameaux Cedex – France |
| Sacer Sud-Est | SA | Permanent Representative of Colas | Échangeur Lyon – 2, avenue Tony-Garnier – 69007 Lyon – France |
| Screg Île-de-France – Normandie | SA | Permanent Representative of Colas | 6, rue Galilée – Quartier Europe – 78280 Guyancourt – France |
| Screg Nord-Picardie | SA | Permanent Representative of Colas | Échangeur Lille – 197, rue du 8-Mai-1945 – BP 10135 – 59653 Villeneuve-d'Ascq Cedex – France |
| Screg Ouest | SA | Permanent Representative of Colas | Échangeur Nantes – 2, rue Gaspard-Coriolis – 44300 Nantes – France |
| Screg Sud-Est | SA | Permanent Representative of Colas | Échangeur Lyon – 2, avenue Tony-Garnier – 69007 Lyon – France |
| Screg Sud-Ouest | SA | Permanent Representative of Colas | Immeuble Échangeur, 14, avenue Becquerel – 33700 Mérignac – France |
| Socatop | SARL | Manager | 5, cours Ferdinand-de-Lesseps – 92500 Rueil-Malmaison – France |
| Société Parisienne d'Études, d'Informatique et de Gestion |
SA | Permanent Representative of IPF | 2/4, allée Latécoère – 78140 Vélizy-Villacoublay – France |
| Name of company | Type | Offi ce in the company | Head offi ce |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jean-François Guillemin | |||
| Bouygues Telecom | SA | Permanent representative of Bougues | 32, avenue Hoche – 75008 Paris – France |
| Bouygues Construction | SA | Director | 1, avenue Eugène-Freyssinet – 78065 Guyancourt – France |
| Bouygues Immobilier | SA | Director | 3, boulevard Gallieni – 92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux – France |
| Colas | SA | Director | 7, place René-Clair – 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt – France |
| Fondation d'Entreprise Francis Bouygues |
FDT | Member of the Board of Directors | 32, avenue Hoche – 75008 Paris – France |
| Université Paris II | EP | Director | 12, place du Panthéon – 75231 Paris – France |
| Philippe Marien | |||
| Bouygues Telecom | SA | Director, Chairman of the Board | 32, avenue Hoche – 75008 Paris – France |
| Télévision Française 1 (TF1) | SA | Permanent representative of Bouygues | 1, quai du Point-du-Jour – 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt – France |
| Colas | SA | Permanent representative of Bouygues | 7, place René-Clair – 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt – France |
| Alstom | SA | Permanent representative of Bouygues | 3, avenue André-Malraux – 92300 Levallois-Perret – France |
| Bouygues Immobilier | SA | Permanent representative of Bouygues | 3, boulevard Gallieni – 92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux – France |
| Bouygues Construction | SA | Permanent representative of Bouygues | 1, avenue Eugène-Freyssinet – 78280 Guyancourt – France |
| Finamag | SC | Liquidator | 19, route des Gâtines – 91370 Verrières-le-Buisson – France |
| SCDM | SAS | Managing Director | 32, avenue Hoche – 75008 Paris – France |
| Thierry Montouché | |||
| Colas | SA | Director, Secretary of the Board | 7, place René-Clair – 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt – France |
| Colas Inc. | Inc. | Director | 163 Madison Avenue, suite 500 – NJ 07960 Morristown – United States |
| ColasCanada | Inc. | Director | 4984 place de la Savane, bureau 150 – Montreal, Quebec H4P 2M9 – Canada |
| Colas Ltd | Ltd | Director | Rowfant – RH104NF Crawley (West Sussex) – Great Britain |
| Ensign Holdings Highways | Ltd | Director | Rowfant – RH104NF Crawley (West Sussex) – Great Britain |
| Colas Teoranta | Ltd | Director | Unit G1 Maynooth Business Campus – Maynooth – Co. Kildare – Northern Ireland |
| ICB Emulsions Ltd | Ltd | Director | 76 Ballyhannon Road – Portadown – Craigavon – BT 635 SE, Count y Armagh – Ireland |
| Aximum | SA | Permanent representative of Spare | 41, boulevard de la République – 78400 Chatou – France |
| Colas Centre-Ouest | SA | Permanent representative of Spare | Échangeur Nantes – 2, rue Gaspard-Coriolis – 44300 Nantes – France |
| Colas Est | SA | Permanent representative of Spare | Immeuble Échangeur – 44, boulevard de la Mothe – 54000 Nancy – France |
| Colas Île-de-France – Normandie | SA | Permanent representative of Spare | 2, rue Jean-Mermoz – BP 31 – 78771 Magny les-Hameaux – France |
| Colas Midi-Méditerranée | SA | Permanent representative of IPF | 345, rue Louis-de-Broglie – La Duranne – 13792 Aix-en-Provence – France |
| Colas Rhône-Alpes – Auvergne | SA | Permanent representative of Spare | Échangeur Lyon – 2, avenue Tony-Garnier – 69007 Lyon – France |
| Name of company | Type | Offi ce in the company | Head offi ce |
|---|---|---|---|
| Colas Rail | SA | Permanent representative of Colas | 38-44, rue Jean-Mermoz – 78600 Maisons-Laffi tte – France |
| Colas Sud-Ouest | SA | Permanent representative of IPF | Échangeur Sud-Ouest – 6, avenue Charles Lindbergh – 33700 Mérignac – France |
| Développement Infrastructures | SAS | Director | Échangeur Lyon – 2, avenue Tony-Garnier – 69007 Lyon – France |
| Fondation Colas | FDT | Director | 7, place René-Clair – 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt – France |
| Screg Est | SA | Permanent representative of Spare | Immeuble Échangeur – 44, boulevard de la Mothe – 54000 Nancy – France |
| Smac | SA | Permanent representative of Spare | 40, rue Fanfan-la-Tulipe – 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt – France |
| Spac | SA | Permanent representative of Colas | 13, rue Madame-de-Sanzillon – 92112 Clichy – France |
| Société Parisienne d'Études, d'Informatique et de Gestion |
SA | Permanent representative of Spare | 2-4, allée Latécoère – 78140 Vélizy-Villacoublay – France |
| Christian de Pins | |||
| Colas | SA | Director | 7, place René-Clair – 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt – France |
| Smac | SA | Permanent representative of Colas | 40, rue Fanfan-la-Tulipe – 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt – France |
| Spac | SA | Permanent representative of Spare | 13, rue Madame-de-Sanzillon – 92110 Clichy – France |
| Aximum | SA | Permanent representative of IPF | 41, boulevard de la République – 78400 Chatou – France |
| Colas Rail | SA | Permanent representative of IPF | 38-44, rue Jean-Mermoz – 78600 Maisons-Laffi tte – France |
| Colas Environnement | SAS | Director | 7, place René-Clair – 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt – France |
| Carrières Roy | SA | Director | Le Noubleau – BP 1 – 79330 Saint-Varent – France |
| Screg Grands Travaux | SA | Permanent representative of Spare | 2, rue Virginie-Mauvais – 54000 Nancy – France |
| Colas Belgium | SA | Chairman | 313, rue Nestor-Martin – 1082 Brusells – Belgium |
| Colas Danmark | A/S | Director | Fabriksparken 40 – 2600 Glostrup – Denmark |
| Colas Suisse Holding | SA | Director | 20, route de Bernz – Case postale 96 – CH – 1010 Lausanne – Switzerland |
| Colas Teoranta | Ltd | Director | Unit G1 Maynooth Business Campus – Maynooth – Co. Kildare – Northern Ireland |
| ICB Emulsions Ltd | Ltd | Director | 76 Ballyhannon Road – Portadown – Craigavon – BT 635 SE – County Armagh – Ireland |
| Name of company | Type | Offi ce in the company | Head offi ce | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jean-Claude Tostivin | ||||
| Colas | SA | Director | 7, place René-Clair – 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt – France |
|
| 32 Hoche | GIE | Permanent representative of SCDM | 32, avenue Hoche – 75008 Paris – France | |
| Cefi na | SAS | Member of the Executive Committee | 132, boulevard Haussmann – 75008 Paris – France |
|
| Qualite | SNC | Non-associate Manager | 32, avenue Hoche – 75008 Paris – France | |
| Financière SBP (formerly Société de Banque Privée) |
SARL | Non-associate Manager | 16-18, impasse d'Antin – 75008 Paris – France | |
| Actifl y | SNC | Non-associate Manager | 32, avenue Hoche – 75008 Paris – France | |
| Scar | SNC | Manager | 32, avenue Hoche – 75008 Paris – France | |
| Gilles Zancanaro | ||||
| Colas | SA | Director | 7, place René-Clair – 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt – France |
|
| C2S | SA | Director, Chairman and Chief Executive Offi cer |
3, rue Alfred-Kastler – 17, parc Ariane – 78280 Guyancourt – France |
|
| Bouygues Construction | SA | Director | 1, avenue Eugène-Freyssinet – 78280 Guyancourt – France |
|
| Société Parisienne d'Études, d'Informatique et de Gestion |
SA | Director | 2-4, allée Latécoère – 78140 Vélizy-Villacoublay – France |
|
| Name of company | Type | Offi ce in the company |
Permanent representative |
Head offi ce |
| BOUYGUES | ||||
| Bouygues Telecom | SA | Director | Jean-François Guillemin |
32, avenue Hoche – 75008 Paris – France |
| C2S | SA | Director | Pierre Marfaing | 3, rue Alfred-Kastler – 17, parc Ariane – 78280 Guyancourt – France |
| Télévision Française 1 (TF1) | SA | Director | Phillippe Marien | 1, quai du Point-du-Jour – 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt – France |
| Alstom | SA | Director | Phillippe Marien | 3, avenue André-Malraux – 92300 Levallois-Perret – France |
| Colas | SA | Director | Phillippe Marien | 7, place René-Clair – 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt – France |
| 32 Hoche | GIE | Director | Philippe Metges | 32, avenue Hoche – 75008 Paris – France |
| Bouygues Construction | SA | Director | Phillippe Marien | 1, avenue Eugène-Freyssinet – 78280 Guyancourt – France |
| Bouygues Immobilier | SA | Director | Phillippe Marien | 3, boulevard Gallieni – 92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux – France |
Directorships and positions held by Directors who have been put forward for appointment by the Annual and Extraordinary Shareholders' Meeting on April 15, 2011
| Name of company | Type | Offi ce in the company | Head offi ce |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jacques Leost | |||
| Doris Engineering | SA | Director (up to August 20, 2010) | 58, rue du Dessous-des-Berges – 75013 Paris – France |
| Saipem | SA | Director, Chairman and Chief Executive Offi cer (up to August 20, 2010) |
1, avenue San-Fernando – 78180 Montigny-le-Bretonneux – France |
| BOS Investment Limited | Ltd | Director and Chairman (up to August 20, 2010) |
Saipem House Motspur Park, New Malden, Surrey, KT3 6JJ – United Kingdom |
| BOS-UIE Limited | Ltd | Director and Chairman (up to August 20, 2010) |
Saipem House Motspur Park, New Malden, Surrey, KT3 6JJ – United Kingdom |
| Saipem SpA | SA | Director, Chairman and Chief Executive Offi cer (up to August 20, 2010) |
Via Martiri di Cefalonia, 67 – 20097 San Donato Milanese – Milan, Italy |
| Starstroi LLC | Llc | Director (up to April 29, 2010) | Dobryninskiy Pereulok, 8-4th Floor – Moscow – Russia |
| Colette Lewiner | |||
| Bouygues | SA | Director | 32, avenue Hoche – 75008 Paris – France |
| Nexans | SA | Director | 8, rue du Général Foy – 75008 Paris – France |
| La Poste | SA | Director | 44, boulevard de Vaugirard – 75015 Paris – France |
| TGS NOPEC Geophysical Company | ASA | Director | Hagaloekkveien 13 – N-1383 Asker – Norway |
| Lafarge | SA | Director | 61, rue des Belles-Feuilles – 75016 Paris – France |
| TDF | SAS | Director, Chairwoman of the Board of Directors |
106, avenue Marx-Dormoy – 92541 Montrouge Cedex – France |
| Consolidated balance sheet at December 31 | 68 |
|---|---|
| Consolidated income statement | 69 |
| Statement of recognized income and expense | 69 |
| Consolidated statement of changes in equity | 70 |
| Consolidated cash ow statement | 71 |
| Notes to the consolidated nancial statements |
72 |
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF THE COLAS GROUP
At December 31, 2010
Consolidated balance sheet at December 31
| in millions of euros | Notes | 2010 | 2009 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Property, plant and equipment | 3.1 | 2,438 | 2,294 |
| Intangible assets | 3.2 | 87 | 78 |
| Goodwill | 3.2 | 445 | 467 |
| Investments in associates | 3.3 | 422 | 388 |
| Other fi nancial assets | 3.4 | 174 | 173 |
| Deferred tax assets | 3.5 | 138 | 102 |
| Non-current assets | 3,704 | 3,502 | |
| Inventories | 4.1 | 531 | 435 |
| Trade receivables | 4.1 | 2,538 | 2,688 |
| Current tax assets | 4.1 | 44 | 31 |
| Other receivables and prepayments | 4.1 | 435 | 487 |
| Cash and cash equivalents | 4.2 | 411 | 536 |
| Financial instruments | 17 | 13 | 9 |
| Net current assets | 3,972 | 4,186 | |
| Assets held for sale and discontinued operations | – | – | |
| TOTAL ASSETS | 7,676 | 7,688 | |
| Share capital and paid-in capital | 380 | 376 | |
| Retained earnings | 1,704 | 1,553 | |
| Translation reserve | 37 | (40) | |
| Net income for the year | 224 | 387 | |
| Capital and reserves | 2,345 | 2,276 | |
| Minority interests | 30 | 34 | |
| Equity | 5 | 2,375 | 2,310 |
| Long-term debt | 6 | 200 | 212 |
| Provisions | 7.1 | 750 | 663 |
| Deferred tax liabilities | 8 | 95 | 82 |
| Non-current liabilities | 1,045 | 957 | |
| Advance payments | 243 | 244 | |
| Current portion of long-term debt | 6 | 50 | 45 |
| Current tax liabilities | 49 | 77 | |
| Trade payables | 1,872 | 2,006 | |
| Provisions | 7.2 | 303 | 285 |
| Other payables | 9 | 1,508 | 1,593 |
| Bank overdrafts and short-term loans | 209 | 153 | |
| Financial instruments | 17 | 22 | 18 |
| Current liabilities | 4,256 | 4,421 | |
| Liabilities associated with assets held for sale and discontinued operations | – | – | |
| TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES | 7,676 | 7,688 |
Consolidated income statement
| in millions of euros | Notes | 2010 | 2009 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue(1) | 10 | 11,661 | 11,581 |
| Raw materials and consumables used | (5,564) | (5,386) | |
| Staff costs | (2,982) | (2,925) | |
| External services | (2,427) | (2,295) | |
| Taxes, other than income tax | (155) | (181) | |
| Depreciation, amortization and depletion | (470) | (481) | |
| Reversal (allocations) of provisions | (173) | (183) | |
| Change in inventories | 40 | 8 | |
| Other operating incomes | 13 | 568 | 554 |
| Other operating expenses | 13 | (133) | (151) |
| Profi t from operations (current) | 365 | 541 | |
| Extraordinary income | 13 | 6 | |
| Extraordinary expenses | 13 | (58) | |
| Profi t from operations | 313 | 541 | |
| Financial income | 20 | 27 | |
| Financial expenses | (50) | (61) | |
| Interest income (expense) | 14 | (30) | (34) |
| Other fi nancial income | 14 | 9 | 7 |
| Other fi nancial costs | 14 | (16) | (6) |
| Provision for income taxes | 15 | (122) | (172) |
| Income from associates | 69 | 55 | |
| Profi t for the year | 223 | 391 | |
| Of which: Minority interest | (1) | 4 | |
| OF WHICH: EQUITY HOLDERS OF THE PARENT | 224 | 387 | |
| Earnings per share (in euros): basic | 16 | 6.86 | 11.86 |
| Earnings per share (in euros): diluted | 16 | 6.86 | 11.86 |
| (1) Of which recorded outside of France (international) | 5,000 | 4,883 |
Statement of recognized income and expense
| in millions of euros | 2010 | 2009 |
|---|---|---|
| Profi t for the year | 223 | 391 |
| Exchange differences | 76 | 21 |
| Fair value restatements for fi nancial instruments | (2) | 2 |
| Actuarial gains (losses) regarding employee benefi ts(1) | (16) | 9 |
| Share in associates | 2 | (2) |
| Deferred taxes based on these items | 4 | (4) |
| Net income recognized directly in equity | 64 | 26 |
| TOTAL RECOGNIZED INCOME AND EXPENSE | 287 | 417 |
| Equity holders of the parent | 287 | 413 |
| Minority interest | 4 |
(1) Actuarial gains (losses) recognized directly in equity, according to option allowed by revised IAS 19.
Consolidated statement of changes in equity
| in millions of euros | Share capital and paid-in capital |
Retained earnings |
Translation reserve |
Net income for the year |
Capital and reserves |
Minority interests |
Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| At January 1, 2009 | 368 | 1,341 | (59) | 490 | 2,140 | 37 | 2,177 |
| Share capital increase | 8 | 8 | 8 | ||||
| Prior-year profi t allocation | 490 | (490) | |||||
| Dividends paid | (285) | (285) | (2) | (287) | |||
| Other transactions between shareholders |
|||||||
| Profi t for the period | 387 | 387 | 4 | 391 | |||
| Income (expenses) recognized directly in equity |
7 | 19 | 26 | 26 | |||
| Net profi t and income (expenses) recognized directly in equity |
7 | 19 | 387 | 413 | 4 | 417 | |
| Change in scope of consolidation | (5) | (5) | |||||
| At December 31, 2009 | 376 | 1,553 | (40) | 387 | 2,276 | 34 | 2,310 |
| Share capital increase | 4 | 4 | 4 | ||||
| Prior-year profi t allocation | 387 | (387) | |||||
| Dividends paid | (220) | (220) | (4) | (224) | |||
| Other transactions between shareholders |
(2) | (2) | (2) | ||||
| Profi t for the period | 224 | 224 | (1) | 223 | |||
| Income (expenses) recognized directly in equity(1) |
(14) | 77 | 63 | 1 | 64 | ||
| Net profi t and income (expenses) recognized directly in equity |
(14) | 77 | 224 | 287 | 287 | ||
| Change in scope of consolidation | |||||||
| AT DECEMBER 31, 2010 | 380 | 1,704 | 37 | 224 | 2,345 | 30 | 2,375 |
| (1) Detail: |
| Group | Minority interests |
Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exchange differences | 77 | 1 | 78 |
| Fair value restatement on fi nancial instruments | (2) | (2) | |
| Actuarial gains (losses) regarding employee benefi ts | (16) | (16) | |
| Deferred taxes based on these items | 4 | 4 | |
| Total income (expenses) recognized directly in equity | 63 | 1 | 64 |
Consolidated cash fl ow statement
| In millions of euros | 2010 | 2009 |
|---|---|---|
| Profi t for the year (including minority interests) | 223 | 391 |
| Adjustments for: | ||
| – Income from associates | (69) | (55) |
| – Dividends received from associates | 33 | 33 |
| – Dividends received from unconsolidated companies | (3) | (3) |
| – Depreciation, amortization and depletion on non-current assets | 515 | 509 |
| – Capital gains on disposal of assets | (37) | (15) |
| Sub-total | 662 | 860 |
| Interest income (expense) | 30 | 34 |
| Income tax | 122 | 172 |
| Cash from operations | 814 | 1,066 |
| Income tax paid | (171) | (202) |
| Changes in current assets and liabilities | (109) | (51) |
| Cash fl ows from operating activities (a) | 534 | 813 |
| Purchase of tangible and intangible assets | (517) | (399) |
| Proceeds from sales of properties, plant and equipment | 43 | 37 |
| Net debt on tangible and intangible assets | 22 | (21) |
| Sub-total | (452) | (383) |
| Acquisitions and disposals of subsidiaries: | ||
| – Acquisitions of subsidiaries | (46) | (12) |
| – Disposals of subsidiaries | 20 | 6 |
| – Net debt on acquisitions of subsidiaries | 2 | (4) |
| – Cash acquired | 21 | 10 |
| Sub-total | (3) | – |
| Other investing activities: | ||
| – Dividends received from unconsolidated companies | 3 | 3 |
| – Changes of other fi nancial assets | (5) | (4) |
| Sub-total | (2) | (1) |
| Cash fl ows from investing activities (b) | (457) | (384) |
| Change in equity (Group share) | 4 | 8 |
| Change in minority interests | ||
| Subsidiaries transactions with minority interests | (2) | |
| Dividends paid to parent company shareholders | (220) | (285) |
| Dividends paid to minority interests | (4) | (2) |
| Net variation from borrowings | (19) | 20 |
| Interest income (expense) | (30) | (34) |
| Other fi nancing activities | (1) | |
| Cash fl ows from fi nancing activities (c) | (271) | (294) |
| Exchange differences and other non-cash variations (d) | 13 | 6 |
| Other non-cash variations (e) | ||
| NET CHANGE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS (a+b+c+d+e) | (181) | 141 |
| Net cash at the beginning of the year | 383 | 242 |
| NET CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT THE END OF THE YEAR (see note 19) | 202 | 383 |
Notes to the consolidated fi nancial statements
Contents
Notes
General information about Company
- 1 Accounting standards
- 2 Signifi cant accounting principles and policies
3 Non-current assets
- 3.1 Property, plant and equipment
- 3.2 Intangible assets and goodwill
- 3.3 Investments in associates
- 3.4 Other non-current financial assets
- 3.5 Tax assets
4 Current assets
- 4.1 Inventories, trade and other receivables
- 4.2 Cash and cash equivalents
5 Information on equity
6 Current and non-current fi nancial debts
7 Provisions
- 7.1 Non-current provisions
- 7.2 Current provisions
- 8 Deferred tax liabilities
-
9 Other current liabilities
-
10 Income from ordinary activities
- 11 Segment reporting
- 12 Income statement by function
- 13 Other operating income and expense
- 14 Finance income and expense
- 15 Income tax
- 16 Earnings and dividends per share
- 17 Financial instruments
- 18 Commitments and contingencies
- 19 Changes in net fi nancial position
- 20 Workforce and employee benefi ts
- 21 Related party disclosures
- 22 Fees of independent Auditors
- 23 Main exchange rates used for translation
24 Scope of consolidation
- 24.1 Changes in scope of consolidation
- 24.2 Impact and accounting of year's acquisitions
- 24.3 List of main consolidated companies
In millions of euros (M€) unless otherwise stated.
General information about the Company
The fi nancial statements for year ended December 31, 2010 were approved by the Board of Directors and authorized for issue on February 28, 2011.
These statements could be amended by the General Meeting of Shareholders.
Colas (the Company) is a French public company incorporated in France (RCS Nanterre B 552 025 314).
Head offi ce: 7, place René-Clair, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
These consolidated fi nancial statements are presented in euros because that is the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Group operates.
Note 1 – Accounting standards
The Group applied all standards IFRSs and IFRIC interpretations that were issued as of December 31, 2010 and adopted by the European Union.
NEW STANDARDS OR INTERPRETATIONS REQUIRED FOR 2010
IFRS 3 revised: Business combinations
IAS 27 revised: Consolidated and separate fi nancial statements
None of these new standards had any signifi cant impact on the consolidated fi nancial statements.
IFRIC 12: Service concession arrangements
The Group already applied the said interpretation in 2009.
NEW STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS NOT YET REQUIRED WHICH HAVE BEEN APPLIED IN 2010
None.
NEW STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS NOT YET APPLIED
New standards, standards amendments or interpretations are not yet compulsory in 2010. Consequently, the following standards and interpretations have not been applied in the consolidated fi nancial statements :
IAS 24 revised: Related party disclosures (January 1, 2011)
IFRIC 19: Extinguishing fi nancial liabilities with equity instruments (January 1, 2011)
None of these new standards or interpretations would have any signifi cant impact on the consolidated fi nancial statements.
Note 2 – Signifi cant accounting principles and policies
The fi nancial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs).
The fi nancial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis, except for the revaluation of certain fi nancial instruments, and assets and liabilities arising from business combinations.
BASIS OF CONSOLIDATION
The consolidated fi nancial statements incorporate the fi nancial statements of the Company and entities controlled by the Company (its subsidiaries) as of December 31 of each year. Control on these subsidiaries is achieved where the Company has the power to govern the fi nancial and operating policies of the controlled company so as to obtain benefi ts from its activities.
On acquisition, the assets and liabilities and contingent liabilities of a subsidiary are measured at their fair value at the date of acquisition. Any excess of the cost of acquisition over the fair values of the identifi able net assets acquired is recognized as goodwill.
Any defi ciency of the cost of acquisition below the fair values of the identifi able net assets acquired (i.e., discount on acquisition or badwill) is credited to profi t and loss in the period of acquisition.
Subsidiaries are consolidated as of the date on which the Group takes control of the said, and up to the date on which the said control is no longer exercised.
Where necessary, adjustments are made to the fi nancial statements of subsidiaries to bring the accounting policies used into line with those used by the Group.
All intra-group transactions, balances, income and expenses are eliminated on consolidation.
Interest in joint ventures
A joint venture is a contractual arrangement whereby two or more parties undertake an economic activity which is subject to joint control.
The assets, liabilities, income and expenses of joint ventures are incorporated in these fi nancial statements using the proportionate consolidation method.
Investments in associates
An associate is a non-controlled entity over which the Group is in a position to exercise signifi cant infl uence.
The results, assets and liabilities of associates are incorporated in these fi nancial statements using the equity method of accounting.
Transactions in foreign currencies
Transactions in currencies other than the euro are recorded at rates of exchange prevailing on the dates of the transactions.
At each balance sheet date, monetary assets and liabilities that are denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at rates prevailing on the balance sheet date.
Exchange differences arising are recorded in the income statement, except for borrowings in foreign currencies, which are hedging investments in a foreign entity.
Translation of fi nancial statements of foreign entities
On consolidation, assets and liabilities of the Group's international entities are translated at exchange rates prevailing on the balance sheet date. Income and expense items are translated at average exchange rates for the period, which gives an approximate value of exchange rates prevailing at transaction dates without any signifi cant variations. The list of main currency rates used is disclosed in note 23.
Exchange differences, if any, are classifi ed as equity and transferred to the Group's translation reserve.
Such translation differences are recognized as income or expense in the period in which the operation is disposed of.
NON-CURRENT ASSETS
Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment acquired separately are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and any recognized impairment loss.
Tangible assets acquired through business combinations are stated at fair value at acquisition date.
Depreciation is charged so as to write off the cost of assets over their estimated useful lives, using the straight-line method, on the following basis :
| Offi ce buildings | 20 to 40 years |
|---|---|
| Industrial buildings | 10 to 20 years |
| Plant and equipment | 5 to 15 years |
| Cars, trucks, offi ce equipment | 3 to 10 years |
Land is not depreciated, except for aggregate quarries for which depletion is provided using the units-of-production method up to a presumed maximum of forty years.
Borrowing costs
When the construction phase of a tangible asset is long, borrowing costs that are directly attributable to its acquisition or construction are recognized as an asset.
Finance leases
Assets acquired under fi nance lease contracts are recognized as assets, and depreciated as if they were purchased by the entity. The fi nance lease liability is accounted for in the balance sheet.
Investment property
The Group has not identifi ed any investment property among its fi xed assets.
Intangible assets
Intangible assets are identifi able non-monetary assets. They are separable and can be independently rented, sold, exchanged or transferred. They arise from contractual or legal rights, even if the rights are not separable. They are without physical substance.
Intangible assets acquired separately from a business are stated at cost.
Intangible assets acquired as part of a business combination are capitalized separately from goodwill only if their fair value can be measured reliably on initial recognition.
Start-up and research costs are expensed as incurred.
Development costs can be recognized as assets only if the costs incurred can be reasonably recovered. Every cost recognized as an asset is amortized on the basis of the expected life of the sales related to the project.
Intangible assets are mainly comprised of software, patents and quarry rights. They are amortized on a straight line basis over their useful life.
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of cost of acquisition over the fair value of identifi able assets and liabilities of a subsidiary or joint venture at the date of acquisition. The Group uses the "partial goodwill" method.
Goodwill is stated at cost less :
– accumulated amortization recognized before the fi rst time application of the IFRSs;
– impairment depreciation recognized since January 1, 2004.
Other fi nancial assets
Non-consolidated investments and other investments
These mainly comprise shares of unlisted companies. They are recognized at acquisition cost less an allowance for depreciation when considered necessary (there are no signifi cant differences between cost and fair value for these shares).
Loans
Loans are stated at present value if their interest rates are far from the normal market conditions (example: non-interest bearing loans pursuant to legal obligations governing participation of employers in construction investments in France).
Financial receivables
The twenty-fi ve years road rehabilitation and maintenance PFI (Private Finance Initiative) contract of the City of Portsmouth is stated according to the fi nancial asset model, as recommended under IFRIC 12.
Works completed are recognized on the basis of the stage of completion, according to IAS 11.
Financial assets are initially recognized at the fair value of works completed, and then stated at cost, according to IAS 39.
Financial assets represent the amount of works completed, plus cumulative interest, determined according to the effective interest rate method, and after deduction of payments received from the client.
Other fi nancial assets
Other fi nancial assets are stated at nominal value less any possible allowance for depreciation.
Follow-up of non-current assets costs
Evaluation of carrying value of non-current assets is performed whenever events or changes in the economic circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the asset may exceed recoverable value.
For intangible assets with indefi nite useful life and goodwill, an assessment of the utility value of these assets is systematically performed at least once a year, even if there is no indication that the asset is impaired.
To determine the value in use of intangible assets for which it is not possible to determine independent cash fl ow, the assets are grouped within the Cash Generating Unit (CGU) to which they belong or consolidated to the Cash Generating Unit for which investment return is assessed.
Group CGUs correspond to its operational organization.
They comply with the following criteria: common management, synergies regarding human resources, equipment resources, technical matters and studies.
– France CGU: road activity in mainland France, and specialized road-related activities (safety, signaling, pipes and mains, waterproofi ng).
– Railway CGU: Group rail activity.
– Europe CGU: road activity in European countries where the Group operates.
– North America CGU: road activity in the United States of America and Canada.
– DGI and Asia CGU: activity in Africa, Indian Ocean, Asia and in French overseas departments and territories.
The value in use is determined by the discounted cash fl ow method (DCF), which consists of the discount of future cash fl ow applying the average weighted capital costs, including the economic risk premium. Future cash fl ows are determined based on forecasts prepared by CGU management according to yearly budget procedures for the coming year, and the three-year plan for the two following years.
CURRENT ASSETS
Inventories
Inventories are measured at the lowest of the following values: cost or net realizable value.
Inventory costs include all purchase costs and costs of conversion.
Costs of purchase include purchase price, import duties and other non-recoverable taxes, transport and handling costs.
Costs of conversion include costs that are directly or indirectly incurred in converting raw materials into fi nished goods.
For carried-forward valuation, costs are assigned by using the fi rst-in, fi rst-out or weighted average cost formulas, according to the type of inventories.
Net realizable value is the estimated selling price less estimated costs of completion and estimated costs necessary to complete the sale.
Trade receivables
Trade receivables, which generally have 30-90 day terms, are recognized and carried at original invoice amount less allowance for any uncollectible amounts.
Trade receivables include "Receivables to invoice" related to the works recognized by clients, and which have not yet been invoiced.
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents in the balance sheet comprise cash at bank and in hand and short-term deposits with original maturity of three months or less. Marketable securities are stated at their net realizable value.
For the purpose of the cash fl ow statement, cash consists of cash and cash equivalents as defi ned above, net of outstanding bank overdrafts.
EQUITY
The bought back shares are deducted from the equity attributable to equity holders of the parent. If Group companies hold their own shares, a complementary interest percentage is determined at the Group level.
PROVISIONS
Non-current provisions
These are provisions not linked to the normal operating cycle. They essentially comprise :
Employee benefi ts
Pensions
The Group commitments with regard to pensions payable to employees on retirement are, generally, covered by the regular payment of contributions to retirement plans or pension funds (defi ned contribution plans).
Some defi ned benefi t plans exist in the UK, Ireland and Canada. With the exception of Colas Rail Ltd, these defi ned benefi t plans concern a limited number of employees because the Group decided, several years ago, to close these plans to new subscribers. These benefi t plans are managed by independent funds.
Retirement indemnities
Their cost is determined using the projected unit credit method. Actuarial gains and losses are recognized in equity.
Length-of-service awards
Provisions are booked in respect of length-of-service awards, which Colas Group companies grant on an ongoing and systematic basis. An individual projection method is used to calculate these amounts, taking into consideration the average rate of employee revenue and average life expectancy, according to appropriate tables.
Actuarial gains and losses are posted in the income statement.
Provisions for litigation and legal matters
Litigation and claims about works contracts
The amount of these provisions is determined based on the amount of customer's claim or on costs of repairs of damages as determined by offi cial experts.
Provisions for tax, social welfare or administration audit Amounts claimed by authorities are recognized in the income statement when accepted and are provisioned when contested.
Provisions for warranties (long term)
These represent the valuation of the works to be performed when the term of the warranty exceeds the term of the operating cycle (one or two years), such as the ten-year warranty for specifi c building works.
Provisions for quarry reclamation (long term)
Reclamation cost after operating a quarry is calculated based on a detailed valuation (cost of labor, equipment, materials, the corresponding share of overhead required, etc.). Only the portion of the provision regarding costs due after twelve months following the balance sheet date is classifi ed in non-current provisions.
Current provisions
These are provisions linked to the normal operating cycle. The related expenses are generally paid within twelve months of the balance sheet date.
They mainly comprise :
Provisions for warranties (one or two years maximum) Provisions for additional works related to contractual warranties are made in respect of individual estimates for each contract.
Provisions for closing down sites
This covers costs of cleaning up a site and removing equipment. These costs are measured individually, based on the size of the site and distance from our operating units.
Provisions for losses on completions
These relate to projects which are not completed at balance sheet date. The measurement may include claims approved by clients, and is determined contract by contract, without compensation.
Provisions for quarry reclamation (short term)
This covers reclamation costs after operating a quarry, for the portion within twelve months after balance sheet date.
In compliance with IAS 37 on provisions, information regarding the most signifi cant provisions is disclosed only to the extent that this disclosure will not harm the Group.
DEFERRED TAXES AND LONG TERM TAX LIABILITIES
Deferred tax liabilities are the amounts of income taxes payable in future periods in respect of taxable temporary differences. All deferred tax liabilities are stated as deferred taxes, including consolidation adjustments.
Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, branches and associates, and interests in joint ventures, except to the extent that the parent company is able to control the timing of the reversal of the temporary differences, and it is probable that the temporary differences will not reverse in the foreseeable future (no disposal in foreseeable future).
If disposal of investments or distribution of dividends is probable in the foreseeable future or if the company is not controlled (associate), deferred tax liability is recognized.
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Several Group companies use fi nancial hedging instruments to reduce the impact of exchange and interest rate fl uctuations on their profi t and loss accounts. The use of these instruments is described hereafter.
Nature of the risks for the Group
Risk management for foreign exchange rates
The level of risk is low because subsidiaries generate only a very small proportion of their revenue from export. Revenue from foreign countries is chiefl y generated by subsidiaries that issue invoices and book their expenses in local currency.
Occasionally, some currency contracts are hedged for exchange risks.
Borrowings and deposits are centralized in the same currency (euro, US dollar, Canadian dollar, etc.).
Generally, Group investments in foreign companies (subsidiaries, branches, joint ventures) are not hedged because these companies are not held to be sold.
Currency swap is mainly used to optimize Group cash by converting – without any foreign exchange risks – excess cash in one currency, lent to subsidiaries in their own local currency to substitute bank lines.
Business linked to SRD, Société de la Raffi nerie de Dunkerque, is more subject to exchange risks because their activity involves the purchase and sales of products valued in dollars which are then purchased and sold in dollars and/or in euros. The risk is managed via a currency swap for dollar fl ows.
Risk management for interest rates
The Group profi t and loss is not very sensitive to interest rate changes. On an average annual basis, the share of variable rate debts is equal to available cash under variable rates – only the seasonal nature of the Group's business requires short-term borrowings.
Some fi nancial assets or liabilities can occasionally be hedged.
Raw materials risks
Colas can be sensitive to fl uctuations in supply regularity and raw material costs, in particular for oil products (bitumen, fuel, heating oil, oils) used in road construction as well as for other raw materials such as steel, copper or aluminum in safety and signaling, waterproofi ng and railways activities.
The raw materials with the strongest impact on the Group are bitumen and other oil products.
– Supply risks:
Delays or disruption of supplies can generate additional direct and indirect expenses in roads and waterproofi ng activities. This risk can fi rst be considered as nonsystemic, except in the event of confl ict and full-fl edged disruption of oil supply, which can affect a country or more likely a region for a variable length of time. This is why Colas created a Group Bitumen management division several years ago and Bitumen management divisions in some major geographical zones (North America), for the purpose of reinforcing supply capacities (quantity supply agreements, imports). Colas has also focused on developing storage capacity in mainland France, in Europe, in French overseas departments, in the Indian Ocean and, on a larger scale, in North America. The Group, which now has large-scale storage capacities compared to actual bitumen consumption in certain regions, continues to implement a policy aiming at increasing storage capacity whenever possible (acquisition and creation). The acquisition of SRD, Société de la Raffi nerie de Dunkerque, which produces 300,000 tons of bitumen per year, will help signifi cantly optimize bitumen supply security for the road businesses in mainland France and Northern Europe.
– Risk related to price changes:
Bitumen prices have been rocked by major purchase price variations over the last several years. Several factors help limit the risk of these fl uctuations: number of contracts and average contract value, which often allow prices to be taken into consideration in the bid, revisions, and indexing clauses in France and elsewhere around the world. Thanks to awareness drives, Group employees often include price variation parameters in contractual negotiations. In some regions, Group companies can sign guaranteed price supply contracts for a given period of time. For major contracts, when the deal is signed, hedging policies are underwritten if needed. There is a share of business remaining involving the sales of manufactured products to third parties for which bitumen and/or oil product price increases are passed on if the competitive environment does so allow.
In light of the above, it is impossible to measure income statement sensitivity given the thousands of contracts performed in a variety of legal environments in terms of protection, and the difference in price increases between geographical areas.
Lastly, an indirect risk exists should the price of these products or services increase for the customer, because the latter could reduce the volume of orders.
– Risks linked to SRD (Société de la Raffi nerie de Dunkerque) activity:
The business of the Société de la Raffi nerie de Dunkerque acquired in June 2010 is sensitive to raw material price fl uctuations. The net income of a speciality products refi nery is based on the difference between the sales price of the products it produces (oil, paraffi n wax, bitumen and fuels) and the price of the raw materials processed by the refi nery (atmospheric residue fuel, hydrocrackates and feedstocks). The refi nery profi t margin is linked to the said price difference.
The supply/production/sale cycle is fast and purchase contracts are tailor-made to reduce that risk. A commitment committee is in charge of raw materials purchasing. The raw materials are purchased in month "A", used in production in A+1 month, and manufactured products are sold in A+1 month, A+2 months or A+3 months. A hedging policy to reduce these risks has been implemented.
As of December 31, 2010, these hedging positions amounted to 58,000 barrels forward sold for a notional amount of 4 million euros. The valuation of these positions amounts to (0.125) million euros, recorded through equity (cash fl ow hedge).
Group principles and rules for fi nancial hedging instruments
Financial hedging instruments used are only conventional instruments such as:
– forward currency trade, currency swap, currency options, according to a hedging policy against foreign exchange risks;
– interest rate swap, future rate agreements, purchase of caps and tunnels and rate options, according to a hedging policy against interest rate risks;
– purchase and sale of futures contracts, raw material swaps in the frame of hedging policy for raw materials.
The above instruments are characterized by the fact that they are only used for hedging, only undertaken with fi rst rank French banks and foreign banks, and present no cash risk in the event of turnaround.
The Group follows the use of these instruments, the choice of trade off, and generally speaking, the exposure to exchange risks and interest rate risks with detailed, specifi c follow-up reporting to the management of the companies involved.
Cash fl ow hedge
Cash fl ow hedge consists of hedging cash fl ow arise from hedged instruments or forecast transactions.
When derivative instruments hedge cash fl ow arising from fi rm commitments or expected transactions, portions of profi t and loss that are determined to be an effective hedge are recognized directly in equity.
The ineffective portion of the hedging instruments is reported immediately in profi t and loss. Other residual profi t or loss arising from the hedging instruments is also reported immediately in profi t and loss.
When the hedging instrument comes to maturity, it is sold, cancelled or used. Cumulative profi t or losses are kept in equity until the maturity date. After the transaction conclusion, related cumulative profi t and loss, which was recognized in equity, is reported in profi t and loss.
Fair value hedge
Fair value hedges have the purpose of limiting the exposure to changes in the fair value of a recognized asset or liability.
When a derivative fi nancial instrument covers exposure to changes in the fair value of receivables or debts, profi t or loss arising from remeasuring the hedging instrument at fair value is recognized directly in net profi t and loss. The gain or loss on the hedged item attributable to
the hedged risk adjusts the carrying amount of the hedged item and is recognized directly in net profi t or loss.
Fair value of hedged items, according to the type of risk hedged, corresponds to the carrying amount, translated into euros at the exchange rate prevailing on the balance sheet date.
Accounting policies for fi nancial instruments
The Group applies accounting methods as defi ned by IAS 39, i.e.:
Criteria for recognition of fi nancial assets or liabilities
Hedging accounting is applied when derivative fi nancial instruments compensate, partially or totally, for fair value or cash fl ow hedge changes of a hedged item. Effectiveness of hedges is regularly measured, at least quarterly.
Nevertheless, in specifi c cases (non-signifi cant notional amounts, short-hedging maturities, limited impact on profi ts or losses), fi nancial instruments are voluntarily not recognized as hedging transactions, in order to simplify the Group administrative procedures. In these cases, variations of fair value of hedging instruments are recognized directly in net profi t and loss.
Basis of valuation of fi nancial assets and liabilities
Financial assets and liabilities are stated at cost or amortized cost.
Accounting of fi nancial instruments stated at fair value The Group uses few fi nancial instruments; derivative fi nancial instruments are stated at fair value, which means market value for instruments listed on the stock exchange. For unlisted instruments (not yet used), fair value is determined with valuation methods, such as options valuation models and the value-in-use method (discounted cash fl ows). These models are based on assumptions regarding market fi gures.
Accounting of profi t and loss generated by fi nancial instruments
Financial assets and liabilities are initially stated at their fair value. Unrealized profi t and losses are recognized according to the nature of the hedged item.
At balance sheet date, interest swap fair value is the amount expected to be received or paid by the Group to close down transactions. Fair value is measured on the basis of present interest rates and credit risks. Fair value of forward currency trades is market value at balance sheet date, i.e., present value of quotations or forward market rates.
INCOME STATEMENT
Ordinary activity income
Income from operations is recognized when it is probable that future economic benefi ts will fl ow to the Company, and costs incurred regarding these transactions can be measured reliably.
Ordinary activity income comprises:
Sale of goods
Income is recognized when risks and rewards of ownership are transferred to the buyer.
Construction contracts and rendering of services
Revenue from construction contracts is recognized based on the "stage-of-completion" method.
The stage of completion is determined on the basis of works completed; expected loss on completion is directly recognized as an expense in the current period.
Other ordinary activity income
This consists of royalties received from the use of licenses and patents: income is recognized when the Company's right to receive payment is established.
Government grants
These are recognized as income when there is a reasonable assurance that they will be received, and the Company will comply with the conditions stipulated therein.
When the government grant is a compensation for expenses, it is recognized as income over the period which bears the related costs.
Government grants related to assets are presented on the balance sheet as a deduction of the related asset.
Share in net profi t of unconsolidated joint ventures
This mainly comprises the share of the Group in the net results posted by the companies or partnerships producing asphalt mixes or binders operated in conjunction with other associates.
Results of operating activities
Results of operating activities come mainly from activities generating income, and all other activities which are not investing or fi nancing activities.
Goodwill depreciation is included in results of operating activities.
Other non-current results
These concern a very small number of unusual, abnormal and uncommon income or expense – with very signifi cant amounts – disclosed separately in the income statement to improve the understanding of current operational performance.
The nature of these items is described in note 13.
Interest income (expense)
Net fi nancial expenses include fi nancial expense and income, and borrowing costs.
Income tax
Deferred taxes are determined in accordance with the balance sheet liability method, for all the taxable or deductible temporary differences, at balance sheet date.
Taxable or deductible temporary differences include every difference between the tax base of an asset or liability and its carrying amounts on the balance sheet, except for goodwill.
When, for a company, the net tax balance is an asset, that asset is recognized only to the extent that it is probable that taxable profi t will be available against these deductible temporary differences.
Deferred tax assets or liabilities are measured on the basis of tax rates expected to be applied during the year of the reversal, based on tax rates which have been enacted or substantially enacted by the balance sheet date.
CASH FLOW STATEMENT
The cash fl ow statement is prepared based on the indirect method.
According to this method, net income is adjusted for the effect of non cash transactions or the gap between operating cash input or output, past or future, and investing and fi nancing activity cash fl ows.
Net Group cash, which is analyzed in the cash fl ow statement, is defi ned as the net balance of:
- cash-at-bank, cash-on-hand and short-term deposit,
- outstanding bank overdrafts and short-term loans.
Cash generated from operations includes variations in provisions on current assets. It includes in particular net profi t from consolidated companies and income from associates, net of dividends received from them.
The classifi cation applied for interest and dividends discloses the said in cash fl ow from fi nancing activities. Interest paid during the year corresponds to interest disclosed in the income statement.
OTHER INFORMATION
Comparability of consolidated fi nancial statements
Changes in scope of consolidation did not have any signifi cant impact on the consolidated fi nancial statements for 2010; they are comparable to the previous years' fi nancial statements.
Events after balance sheet date:
None.
Nature and scope of risks and uncertainties
The main risks and uncertainties which could signifi cantly impact the Group's businesses are as follows:
– weather conditions which have a direct impact on the way in which projects unfold worldwide, and in particular, in countries with harsh climates;
– the cost of raw materials depending on oil cost (bitumen, fuel, heating fuel) and other raw materials such as steel or aluminum which are used in the safety and waterproofi ng activities. This risk is reduced by the fact that a large share of contracts benefi t from price variation clauses and by the fact that many contracts cover small-scale projects that are completed in a short amount of time;
– the level of investment backed by the public sector and by the industrial and commercial private sectors;
– the impact of variations in exchange rates, especially the US dollar, even if the said risks are limited by the fact that 60% of revenue is accounted for in euros and by the fact that operations carried out on a local scale make it possible to post income and expenses in identical currency.
Note 3 – Non-current assets
3.1 – PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
| Land and buildings(1) |
Plant and equipment |
Assets in course of construction and advance payments |
TOTAL | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cost or valuation | ||||
| At January 1, 2009 | 1,209 | 4,153 | 98 | 5,460 |
| Exchange differences | 7 | 28 | 35 | |
| Transfers and other | 26 | 86 | (113) | (1) |
| Changes in scope of consolidation | 33 | 16 | 49 | |
| Additions | 52 | 271 | 72 | 395 |
| Disposals | (13) | (203) | (216) | |
| At December 31, 2009 | 1,314 | 4,351 | 57 | 5,722 |
| Exchange differences | 31 | 122 | 1 | 154 |
| Transfers and other | 9 | 69 | (73) | 5 |
| Changes in scope of consolidation | 14 | 133 | 18 | 165 |
| Additions | 54 | 345 | 100 | 499 |
| Disposals | (17) | (182) | (199) | |
| AT DECEMBER 31, 2010 | 1,405 | 4,838 | 103 | 6,346 |
| Depreciation and impairment | ||||
| At January 1, 2009 | (433) | (2,700) | (3,133) | |
| Exchange differences | (2) | (12) | (14) | |
| Transfers and other | 1 | 1 | ||
| Changes in scope of consolidation | 1 | (8) | (7) | |
| Net charge for the year | (56) | (413) | (469) | |
| Disposals | 10 | 184 | 194 | |
| At December 31, 2009 | (480) | (2,948) | (3,428) | |
| Exchange differences | (9) | (74) | (83) | |
| Transfers and other | 3 | (3) | ||
| Changes in scope of consolidation | (7) | (113) | (120) | |
| Net charge for the year | (55) | (404) | (459) | |
| Disposals | 12 | 170 | 182 | |
| AT DECEMBER 31, 2010 | (536) | (3,372) | (3,908) | |
| Carrying amount | ||||
| At January 1, 2009 | 776 | 1,453 | 98 | 2,327 |
| Including fi nancial leases | 7 | 65 | 72 | |
| At December 31, 2009 | 834 | 1,403 | 57 | 2,294 |
| Including fi nancial leases | 6 | 49 | 55 | |
| AT DECEMBER 31, 2010 | 869 | 1,466 | 103 | 2,438 |
| Including fi nancial leases | 5 | 46 | 51 | |
| (1) Including quarry land. | 307 million euros |
At December 31, 2010 equipment has been ordered for an amount of 82 million euros (35 million euros at the end of 2009).
3.2 – INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL
| Concessions, patents, and other rights |
Other | Total intangible assets |
Goodwill | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cost or valuation | ||||
| At January 1, 2009 | 106 | 44 | 150 | 491 |
| Exchange differences | 5 | |||
| Transfers | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
| Changes in scope of consolidation | 2 | 2 | (7) | |
| Additions | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
| Disposals | (1) | (1) | ||
| At December 31, 2009 | 108 | 47 | 155 | 491 |
| Exchange differences | 1 | 2 | 3 | 8 |
| Transfers | 1 | 1 | 3 | |
| Changes in scope of consolidation | 2 | 4 | 6 | (10) |
| Additions | 2 | 12 | 14 | 4 |
| Disposals | (1) | (1) | (2) | |
| AT DECEMBER 31, 2010 | 113 | 64 | 177 | 496 |
| Depreciation and impairment | ||||
| At January 1, 2009 | (44) | (22) | (66) | (22) |
| Exchange differences | ||||
| Transfers | ||||
| Changes in scope of consolidation | ||||
| Net charge for the year | (6) | (6) | (12) | (2) |
| Disposals | 1 | 1 | ||
| At December 31, 2009 | (49) | (28) | (77) | (24) |
| Exchange differences | (1) | (1) | (2) | |
| Transfers | (1) | |||
| Changes in scope of consolidation | (1) | (1) | 3 | |
| Net charge for the year | (6) | (5) | (11) | (29) |
| Disposals | 1 | 1 | ||
| AT DECEMBER 31, 2010 | (56) | (34) | (90) | (51) |
| Carrying amount | ||||
| At January 1, 2009 | 62 | 22 | 84 | 469 |
| At December 31, 2009 | 59 | 19 | 78 | 467 |
| AT DECEMBER 31, 2010 | 57 | 30 | 87 | 445 |
Concessions, patents, and other rights: mainly mining rights, and to a lesser extent patents and software.
Development costs: they are mainly recognized as expenses during the year because they have a permanent and recurrent nature; few projects satisfy recognition criteria according to IAS 38.
Impairment of intangible assets with indefi nite useful life and goodwill
Impairment losses are recorded in profi t from operations if the carrying amount of an asset or its Cash Generating Unit (CGU) exceeds its value in use. If an indication shows impairment loss, an impairment test is performed, based on the method described under note 2. Such tests are performed at least once a year after the updating of budgets and three-year plans by management.
Details of assets with indefi nite useful life and goodwill split by CGU and main assumptions used for impairment tests are as follows:
| Cash Generating Units | Intangible assets with indefi nite useful life |
Goodwill | Growth rates | Discount rates | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H1(a) | H2(a) | ||||
| CGU France | 20 | 163 | 2% | 6.14% | 4.40% |
| CGU Rail | 182 | 2% | 6.14% | 4.40% | |
| CGU Europe (excluding France) | 6 | 18 | 2% | 6.14% | 4.40% |
| CGU North America | 46 | 2% | 6.14% | 4.40% | |
| CGU DGI and Asia | 36 | 2% | 6.14% | 4.40% | |
| TOTAL | 26 | 445 |
(a) According to debt structure assumptions: H1: 1/3 debt – 2/3 equity.
H2: 2/3 debt – 1/3 equity.
Sensitivity analyses were performed. Any reasonably possible change in key assumptions used did not reveal a situation that could lead to impairment of assets tested.
3.3 – INVESTMENTS IN ASSOCIATES
| Share in equity | Goodwill | Depreciation of Goodwill |
Carrying amount |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| At January 1, 2009 | 355 | 7 | (5) | 357 |
| Exchange differences | (2) | (2) | ||
| Transfers | ||||
| Changes in scope of consolidation | 5 | 3 | 8 | |
| Issue of share capital | 3 | 3 | ||
| Net consolidated profi t | 55 | 55 | ||
| Dividends paid | (33) | (33) | ||
| Other variations | ||||
| At December 31, 2009 | 383 | 10 | (5) | 388 |
| Exchange differences | 3 | 3 | ||
| Transfers | (2) | (2) | ||
| Changes in scope of consolidation | (4) | (4) | ||
| Issue of share capital | 1 | 1 | ||
| Net consolidated profi t | 65 | 65 | ||
| Dividends paid | (33) | (33) | ||
| Impairment | 4 | 4 | ||
| Other variations | ||||
| AT DECEMBER 31, 2010 | 413 | 10 | (1) | 422 |
Main associated companies
| Company | Activity | Head offi ce |
% hold | Share in equity | Goodwill net |
Carrying amount |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cofi route(1) | Highway concession company | France | 16.7% | 358 | 358 | |
| Tipco Asphalt(2) | Sales of bitumen products | Thailand | 30.7% | 21 | 4 | 25 |
| Mak Mecsek(3) | Highway concession company | Hungary | 30.0% | 21 | 21 | |
| Other | (Non signifi cant companies) | 13 | 5 | 18 | ||
| TOTAL | 413 | 9 | 422 |
(1) Cofi route operates a 1,100-km highway concession in northwest France (A10, A11, A13, A86 Highways, etc.). Although Colas holds a stake of less than 20% (16.7%), Cofi route is consolidated using the equity method, because Colas exercises a signifi cant infl uence through the Board of Directors (Director: Hervé Le Bouc).
(2) Tipco Asphalt operates in the distribution and sale of bitumen business in southeast Asia. The company is listed on the Bangkok Stock Exchange (Thailand) – fair value based on the stock price at December 31, 2010: 78 million euros.
(3) Mak Mecsek has been awarded a thirty-year PFI contract for the construction and operation of a new 80-km section of M6 (50 km) and M60 (30 km) Motorways in southwest Hungary.
Share of the Group in the assets, liabilities and profi t and loss of the main associates
| Cofi route 16.7% |
Tipco Asphalt 30.7% |
Mak Mecsek 30.0% |
Other | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-current assets | 973 | 37 | 283 | 16 | 1,309 |
| Current assets | 95 | 46 | 5 | 14 | 160 |
| Total assets | 1,068 | 83 | 288 | 30 | 1,469 |
| Equity | 358 | 21 | 21 | 13 | 413 |
| Non-current liabilities | 621 | 24 | 266 | 4 | 915 |
| Current liabilities | 89 | 38 | 1 | 13 | 141 |
| Total liabilities | 1,068 | 83 | 288 | 30 | 1,469 |
| Revenue | 215 | 188 | 18 | 41 | 462 |
| Net consolidated profi t | 52 | 7 | 2 | 8 | 69 |
3.4 – OTHER NON-CURRENT FINANCIAL ASSETS
| Non consolidated |
Other long-term |
Total gross value |
Allowance | Carrying amount |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| investments | investments | ||||
| At January 1, 2009 | 86 | 144 | 230 | (28) | 202 |
| Exchange differences | 5 | 5 | 5 | ||
| Transfers | |||||
| Changes in scope of consolidation | (32) | 1 | (31) | (1) | (32) |
| Acquisitions and other additions | 3 | 13 | 16 | 16 | |
| Disposals | (6) | (12) | (18) | (18) | |
| Net charge for the year | |||||
| At December 31, 2009 | 51 | 151 | 202 | (29) | 173 |
| Exchange differences | 3 | 3 | 3 | ||
| Transfers | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Changes in scope of consolidation | 10 | 10 | (2) | 8 | |
| Acquisitions and other additions | 4 | 14 | 18 | 18 | |
| Disposals | (12) | (10) | (22) | (22) | |
| Net charge for the year | (7) | (7) | |||
| AT DECEMBER 31, 2010 | 54 | 158 | 212 | (38) | 174 |
Breakdown of main non-consolidated investments
| Gross | Allowance | 31/12/2010 Net |
31/12/2009 Net |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Binder, asphalt concrete and quarry companies | 21 | (4) | 17 | 17 |
| Dormant companies | 4 | (3) | 1 | 1 |
| Non-controlled companies | 16 | (2) | 14 | 14 |
| Companies acquired at the end of the year(1) | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
| Other investments(2) | 11 | (3) | 8 | 4 |
| TOTAL | 54 | (12) | 42 | 38 |
(1) These companies, not consolidated because acquired at year-end, will be consolidated during the coming year.
(2) None of these investments are signifi cant.
Breakdown of other fi nancial assets
| Gross | Allowance | 31/12/2010 Net |
31/12/2009 Net |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Loans(1) | 53 | (16) | 37 | 32 |
| Deposits | 28 | (10) | 18 | 25 |
| City of Portsmouth (Great Britain)(2) | 77 | 77 | 78 | |
| Financial receivables | ||||
| TOTAL | 158 | (26) | 132 | 135 |
(1) Loans: mainly twenty-year non-interest bearing loans, pursuant to employers' legal obligations governing construction investments in France. These loans are stated at their net present value.
(2) Receivables from the City of Portsmouth (Great Britain), in compensation for the works completed in the framework of the road rehabilitation and maintenance PFI contract, signed in 2004 for twenty-fi ve years (2004-2029). The receivable is valued according to IFRIC 12 (fi nancial asset model).
3.5 – TAX ASSETS
| Deferred taxes |
Other long-term tax assets |
Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| At January 1, 2009 | 90 | 90 | |
| Exchange differences | |||
| Transfers | (1) | (1) | |
| Acquisitions of subsidiaries | |||
| Net variations | 13 | 13 | |
| At December 31, 2009 | 102 | 102 | |
| Exchange differences | 1 | 1 | |
| Transfers | (4) | (4) | |
| Acquisitions of subsidiaries | 23 | 23 | |
| Net variations | 16 | 16 | |
| AT DECEMBER 31, 2010 | 138 | 138 |
Unrecognized tax assets (which are probably not reversible in the foreseeable future) amounted to 58 million euros on December 31, 2010 (34 million euros on December 31, 2009).
Main deferred tax bases
| 31/12/2010 | 31/12/2009 | |
|---|---|---|
| Assets | ||
| Employee benefi ts | 66 | 61 |
| Tax losses | 29 | 18 |
| Financial instruments | 7 | 6 |
| Liabilities | ||
| Regulatory provisions | (29) | (30) |
| Fixed assets (fi nance leases) | (16) | (20) |
| Taxes on dividends | (6) | (5) |
| Financial instruments | (4) | (4) |
| Other temporary differences | (4) | (6) |
| NET DEFERRED TAX ASSETS (LIABILITIES) | 43 | 20 |
Deferred tax assets are mainly reversible after fi ve years.
Note 4 – Current assets
4.1 – INVENTORIES, TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES
| 31/12/2010 | 31/12/2009 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gross | Allowance | Net | Gross | Allowance | Net | |
| Inventories | 552 | (21) | 531 | 451 | (16) | 435 |
| Raw materials, supplies and fi nished goods |
||||||
| Trade receivables | 2,679 | (141) | 2,538 | 2,801 | (113) | 2,688 |
| Invoiced and to invoice(1) | ||||||
| Tax receivables | 44 | 44 | 31 | 31 | ||
| Staff, social welfare bodies, State | 226 | 226 | 250 | 250 | ||
| Group receivables and other receivables |
190 | (10) | 180 | 208 | (9) | 199 |
| Prepayments | 29 | 29 | 38 | 38 | ||
| Other receivables | 445 | (10) | 435 | 496 | (9) | 487 |
(1) Maturity of trade receivables is as follows:
| Receivables not matured |
Less than 6 months |
6 months to 1 year |
1 year and more |
Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trade receivables (gross) | 1,763 | 616 | 106 | 194 | 2,679 |
| Allowance | (29) | (11) | (13) | (88) | (141) |
| Trade receivables (net) | 1,734 | 605 | 93 | 106 | 2,538 |
Credit risk: the Group considers that its exposition to credit risk regarding non-matured receivables is limited as regards the type of customers (States, public administrations, public and private companies, individuals).
4.2 – CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
| 31/12/2010 | 31/12/2009 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gross | Allowance | Net | Gross | Allowance | Net | |
| Cash-on-hand | 333 | 333 | 458 | 458 | ||
| Bouygues Relais cash management company |
42 | 42 | 38 | 38 | ||
| Marketable securities | 36 | 36 | 40 | 40 | ||
| TOTAL | 411 | 411 | 536 | 536 |
Short-term investments are deposited in French and foreign banks.
They are divided as follows:
| Euro | USD (1) | GBP (1) | Other (1) | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cash-on-hand | 80 | 23 | 58 | 172 | 333 |
| Bouygues Relais cash management company | 42 | 42 | |||
| Marketable securities | 36 | 36 | |||
| TOTAL AT DECEMBER 31, 2010 | 158 | 23 | 58 | 172 | 411 |
| December 31, 2009 | 183 | 56 | 59 | 238 | 536 |
(1) Equivalent in euros.
Cash and cash equivalents have an original maturity of twelve months or less, or can easily be converted into cash.
Cash and cash equivalents disclosed in the cash fl ow statement consist of the following items:
| 31/12/2010 | 31/12/2009 | |
|---|---|---|
| Cash and cash equivalents | 411 | 536 |
| Bank overdraft and short-term loans | (209) | (153) |
| TOTAL | 202 | 383 |
Note 5 – Information on equity
COMPOSITION OF SHARE CAPITAL
Colas' share capital on December 31, 2010 amounts to 48,937,185.00 euros.
It is comprised of 32,624,790 shares at 1.50 euros each, ranking pari passu (although nominative shares owned for a period of more than two years by the same shareholder grant double voting rights).
YEAR VARIATIONS
(amounts in euros)
| Number of shares | Share capital | |
|---|---|---|
| At January 1, 2010 | 32,601,789 | 48,902,683.50 |
| Part of dividend paid in shares | 23,001 | 34,501.50 |
| AT DECEMBER 31, 2010 | 32,624,790 | 48,937,185.00 |
MAIN SHAREHOLDERS
| Bouygues SA | 31,522,344 | 96.62% |
|---|---|---|
| Other shareholders | 1,102,446 | 3.38% |
CAPITAL MANAGEMENT
The General Management's target is to maintain a level of capital and reserve to enable Colas to:
- ensure reasonable gearing,
- pay regular dividends to shareholders.
Among performance indicators used, some can be determined by reference to capital and reserves, but their use is neither preponderant nor systematic.
Otherwise, we remind you that capital and reserves are not submitted to any statutory restriction.
STOCK OPTIONS
None.
TRANSLATION RESERVE
The translation reserve was established at January 1, 2004 with the fi rst time application of IFRS.
Main translation differences at December 31, 2010 relate to companies located in the following countries:
| 31/12/2010 | 31/12/2009 | |
|---|---|---|
| United States | (11) | (34) |
| Canada | 32 | 7 |
| Great Britain | (13) | (15) |
| Other countries | 29 | 2 |
| TOTAL TRANSLATION RESERVE | 37 | (40) |
Note 6 – Current and non-current fi nancial debts
CASH RISKS
At December 31, 2010, cash (cash and cash equivalents minus bank overdrafts and short-term loans) totaled 202 million euros, in addition to 1,400 million euros of confi rmed medium-term bank credit lines undrawn to date.
During the year, Colas re-fi nanced 610 million euros of confi rmed medium-term bank credit lines ahead of maturity with pivot banks for an amount of 855 million euros. In the United States, Colas Inc. has refi nanced 210 million euros (280 million US dollars) of confi rmed medium-term bank credit lines with main Group banks. The Group is not exposed to any cash risks.
Colas Group companies' confi rmed bank loan contracts contain no signifi cant fi nancial clauses likely to lead to early termination and/or early repayment.
BANK LOANS AND BORROWING MATURITIES
| Maturity | Maturity over one year | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Less than 1 year 2011 |
From 1 to 2 years 2012 |
From 2 to 3 years 2013 |
From 3 to 4 years 2014 |
From 4 to 5 years 2015 |
5 years and + 2016 and beyond |
Total 2010 |
Total 2009 |
|
| Bank loans (medium-long term) |
18 | 16 | 13 | 10 | 114 | 171 | 179 | |
| Finance leases | 10 | 7 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 25 | 29 | |
| Other fi nancial debts (long term) |
1 | 3 | 4 | 4 | ||||
| Sub-total | 50 | 29 | 23 | 16 | 13 | 119 | 200 | 212 |
| Short-term borrowings and overdrafts |
209 | |||||||
| AT DECEMBER 31, 2010 | 259 | 29 | 23 | 16 | 13 | 119 | 200 | 212 |
| At December 31, 2009 | 198 | 35 | 25 | 17 | 11 | 124 | 212 | |
| Short-term portion of long-term debt | 50 | 45 |
BREAKDOWN OF FINANCIAL DEBT BY TYPE OF CURRENCY
| Euro | USD (1) | GBP (1) | Other (1) | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Long-term December 2010 | 94 | 2 | 75 | 29 | 200 |
| Short-term December 2010 | 91 | 13 | 10 | 145 | 259 |
| Long-term December 2009 | 102 | 75 | 35 | 212 | |
| Short-term December 2009 | 54 | 7 | 6 | 131 | 198 |
(1) Equivalent in euros.
CONFIRMED/DRAWN CREDIT LINES
| Confi rmed credit lines – Maturity | Drawn credit lines – Maturity | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Less than 1 year |
1 to 5 years | Beyond | Total | Less than 1 year |
1 to 5 years | Beyond | Total | |
| Credit lines | 359 | 1,111 | 180 | 1,650 | 50 | 81 | 119 | 250 |
| Letters of credit | ||||||||
| TOTAL | 359 | 1,111 | 180 | 1,650 | 50 | 81 | 119 | 250 |
BREAKDOWN OF FINANCIAL DEBT BY TYPE OF INTEREST RATE
Breakdown of current and non-current fi nancial debt after accounting for all interest rate hedging instruments that have not yet reached maturity as of the balance sheet date:
– fi xed rate debt(1): 44% (2009: 44%);
– fl oating rate debt: 56% (2009: 56%).
(1) Loans with rate fi xed for more than one year.
INTEREST RATES RISKS
At December 31, 2010, a breakdown of fi nancial assets and liabilities by nature of interest rate shows the following:
| Floating rates | Fixed rates | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Financial assets: | |||
| – Cash and cash equivalents | 411 | 411 | |
| Financial liabilities: | |||
| – Borrowings(1) | (216) | (43) | (259) |
| – Bank overdrafts | (209) | (209) | |
| Net position before cash management | (14) | (43) | (57) |
| Interest rates hedging | 72 | (72) | |
| Net position after cash management | 58 | (115) | (57) |
| Seasonality adjustment | (523) | ||
| POSITION AFTER CASH MANAGEMENT AND SEASONALITY ADJUSTMENT |
(465) |
(1) Including (9.1) million euros for fair value of STVR/Caen interest swap recorded through equity.
Consequently, an immediate increase of 1% in interest rates on the short-term net position above would cause an increase in fi nancial expenses of 4.65 million euros in a full year.
Note 7 – Provisions
7.1 – NON-CURRENT PROVISIONS
| Employee benefi ts |
Litigation and legal matters |
Customer warranties (long term) |
Quarry reclamation (long term) |
Others | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| At January 1, 2009 | 249 | 188 | 87 | 88 | 36 | 648 |
| Exchange differences | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||
| Transfers | (1) | 5 | (2) | 3 | (11) | (6) |
| Acquisitions of subsidiaries |
1 | 1 | 5 | 7 | ||
| Actuarial gains/losses in equity |
(9) | (9) | ||||
| Allocation for the year | 21 | 67 | 34 | 14 | 8 | 144 |
| Provisions used | (13) | (35) | (22) | (7) | (2) | (79) |
| Provisions reversed | (1) | (25) | (10) | (4) | (4) | (44) |
| At December 31, 2009 | 248 | 200 | 89 | 99 | 27 | 663 |
| Exchange differences | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | ||
| Transfers | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 7 | |
| Acquisitions of subsidiaries |
19 | (1) | 15 | 16 | 49 | |
| Actuarial gains/losses in equity |
16 | 16 | ||||
| Allocation for the year | 25 | 67 | 23 | 15 | 20 | 150 |
| Provisions used | (32) | (26) | (14) | (9) | (3) | (84) |
| Provisions reversed | (2) | (29) | (17) | (3) | (4) | (55) |
| AT DECEMBER 31, 2010 | 276 | 213 | 83 | 122 | 56 | 750 |
Breakdown of main provisions
| 31/12/2010 | 31/12/2009 | |
|---|---|---|
| Length-of-service awards | 77 | 63 |
| Retirement indemnities | 144 | 147 |
| Pensions | 55 | 38 |
| Employee benefi ts | 276 | 248 |
| Litigation with clients | 92 | 90 |
| Litigation with employees | 14 | 15 |
| Litigation with welfare bodies | 65 | 57 |
| Litigation with tax authorities | 19 | 17 |
| Litigation with other bodies | 12 | 8 |
| Other litigations | 11 | 13 |
| Litigation and legal matters | 213 | 200 |
| Decennial warranties | 51 | 52 |
| Civil engineering warranties | 30 | 34 |
| Performance warranties | 2 | 3 |
| Warranties | 83 | 89 |
7.2 – CURRENT PROVISIONS
| Losses on completion |
Works risks and costs of closing down sites |
Customer warranties (short term) |
Quarry reclamation (short term) |
Others | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| At January 1, 2009 | 50 | 59 | 50 | 14 | 30 | 203 |
| Exchange differences | 1 | (1) | ||||
| Transfers | 11 | 2 | 34 | 47 | ||
| Acquisitions of subsidiaries | (1) | (1) | ||||
| Allocation for the year | 45 | 53 | 32 | 3 | 36 | 169 |
| Provisions used | (24) | (17) | (18) | (3) | (30) | (92) |
| Provisions reversed | (14) | (12) | (9) | (2) | (4) | (41) |
| At December 31, 2009 | 57 | 95 | 54 | 14 | 65 | 285 |
| Exchange differences | 1 | 1 | 3 | 5 | ||
| Transfers | 2 | (13) | (11) | |||
| Acquisitions of subsidiaries | (1) | (1) | ||||
| Allocation for the year | 45 | 52 | 26 | 1 | 31 | 155 |
| Provisions used | (28) | (18) | (15) | (4) | (17) | (82) |
| Provisions reversed | (14) | (20) | (10) | (2) | (2) | (48) |
| AT DECEMBER 31, 2010 | 60 | 109 | 56 | 11 | 67 | 303 |
Note 8 – Deferred tax liabilities
| 31/12/2010 | 31/12/2009 | |
|---|---|---|
| Deferred tax liabilities | 95 | 82 |
| Other long-term tax liabilities | ||
| TOTAL NON-CURRENT TAXES | 95 | 82 |
Note 9 – Other current liabilities
| 31/12/2010 | 31/12/2009 | |
|---|---|---|
| Staff, social welfare, States | 837 | 864 |
| Deferred incomes | 34 | 57 |
| Other non-fi nancial debts | 637 | 672 |
| TOTAL OTHER DEBTS | 1,508 | 1,593 |
Note 10 – Income from ordinary activities
BREAKDOWN BY NATURE OF INCOME
| 2010 | 2009 | |
|---|---|---|
| Revenue | 1,934 | 1,676 |
| Rendering of services | 334 | 376 |
| Construction contracts | 9,393 | 9,529 |
| Other income from ordinary activities | – | – |
| TOTAL INCOME FROM ORDINARY ACTIVITIES |
11,661 | 11,581 |
INFORMATION REGARDING CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTS
| Works to be invoiced | 375 | 376 |
|---|---|---|
| Retentions for warranties | 53 | 55 |
| Works invoiced in advance | (321) | (339) |
| Payments received in advance | (107) | (119) |
Note 11 – Segment reporting
IFRS 8 requires operating segment defi nition based on internal reporting reviewed by the unit's chief operating decision-maker to make decisions about resources to be allocated to the segment and to assess its performance.
Description of Group operations
Roads represent 78% of the Group's total revenue. This segment includes:
– the construction and maintenance of roads, highways, airport runways, seaports, industrial and commercial platforms, city streets and urban development plans, reserved-lane public transports (tramways), recreational facilities, bike paths, etc;
– a large upstream network of industrial activities involving the production and recycling of construction materials (aggregates, emulsions and binders, asphalt mix, ready-mix concrete) with a dense international network of quarries, emulsion plants, asphalt plants and concrete plants, and bitumen production, transformation and distribution businesses via two refi ning units and a network of bitumen depots.
Colas also operates in specialized road-related activities:
– safety, signaling and traffi c-management equipment;
– civil engineering, pipes and mains;
– waterproofi ng, cladding and roofi ng;
– building (new buildings, rehabilitation and deconstruction);
– railways (construction, renewal and maintenance of infrastructures).
Colas is also an infrastructure concession company, especially for highways.
Determination of Group's segments
The Group's operating activities are organized as follows:
France General Management Division
Includes the road business in mainland France and specialized road-related activities for France and elsewhere around the world (signaling, pipes and mains, waterproofi ng and railways).
Europe General Management Division
Includes the Group's activities in Europe (excluding France) except for signaling, pipes, mains, waterproofi ng and railways.
North America General Management Division
Includes the Group's activities in the United States and Canada.
International General Management Division
Includes the Group's activities in Africa, Indian Ocean, French overseas departments and territories, and Asia.
Reconciliation
Internal reporting and accounting fi gures are identical; consequently no reconciliation schedule has been disclosed.
BUSINESS SEGMENT INFORMATION
| France GM | Europe GM | North America GM |
International GM |
Consolidated | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year 2010 | |||||
| Income from ordinary activities | 6,614 | 1,589 | 2,208 | 1,250 | 11,661 |
| Income before depreciation | 476 | (33) | 255 | 137 | 835 |
| Depreciation | (264) | (55) | (92) | (59) | (470) |
| Profi t from operations (current) | 212 | (88) | 163 | 78 | 365 |
| Extraordinary items | (37) | (21) | 6 | (52) | |
| Profi t from operations | 175 | (109) | 163 | 84 | 313 |
| Interest income (expense) | (12) | (11) | (1) | (6) | (30) |
| Other fi nancial income and costs | (7) | (7) | |||
| Provision for income taxes | (61) | 9 | (52) | (18) | (122) |
| Income from associates | 53 | 3 | 13 | 69 | |
| PROFIT FOR THE YEAR | 148 | (108) | 110 | 73 | 223 |
| Segment assets | 4,101 | 1,247 | 1,150 | 1,178 | 7,676 |
| Segment liabilities | 2,906 | 1,029 | 529 | 837 | 5,301 |
| Current investments | (236) | (33) | (135) | (48) | (452) |
| Year 2009 | |||||
| Income from ordinary activities | 6,547 | 1,838 | 1,925 | 1,271 | 11,581 |
| Income before depreciation | 495 | 101 | 252 | 174 | 1,022 |
| Depreciations | (272) | (66) | (85) | (58) | (481) |
| Profi t from operations | 223 | 35 | 167 | 116 | 541 |
| Interest income (expense) | (7) | (19) | (2) | (6) | (34) |
| Other fi nancial income and costs | 1 | 1 | |||
| Provision for income taxes | (65) | (21) | (52) | (34) | (172) |
| Income from associates | 52 | 3 | 55 | ||
| PROFIT FOR THE YEAR | 204 | (5) | 113 | 79 | 391 |
| Segment assets | 4,061 | 1,467 | 1,011 | 1,149 | 7,688 |
| Segment liabilities | 3,005 | 1,105 | 440 | 828 | 5,378 |
| Current investments | (219) | (33) | (76) | (55) | (383) |
GEOGRAPHICAL SEGMENT INFORMATION
Due to the manner in which the Group's operations are organized, the information by geographical segments disclosed hereafter is very similar to the information posted above in the business segment section.
The differences are as follows:
– in the business segment section, French overseas departments are posted in the International General Management but they are posted in France in the geographical segment section;
– in the business segment section, specialized road-related activities performed in International territories (safety, waterproofi ng, mains, railways) are posted in France but they are posted according to their location in the geographical segment section.
Revenue by geographical segments
| France | Europe (excl. France) |
North America |
Rest of the world |
Consolidated | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year 2010 | ||||||
| Roads – works and sales of construction materials |
4,916 | 1,323 | 2,024 | 781 | 9,044 | 78% |
| Civil engineering, pipes and mains | 315 | 258 | 167 | 61 | 801 | 7% |
| Waterproofi ng | 553 | 20 | 3 | 9 | 585 | 5% |
| Safety and signaling | 282 | 26 | 12 | 8 | 328 | 3% |
| Building | 256 | 44 | 5 | 40 | 345 | 3% |
| Railways | 339 | 170 | 49 | 558 | 4% | |
| TOTAL | 6,661 | 1,841 | 2,211 | 948 | 11,661 | 100% |
| Year 2009 | ||||||
| Roads – works and sales of construction materials |
4,961 | 1,503 | 1,791 | 724 | 8,979 | 78% |
| Civil engineering, pipes and mains | 336 | 259 | 120 | 68 | 783 | 7% |
| Waterproofi ng | 551 | 18 | 8 | 577 | 5% | |
| Safety and signaling | 278 | 25 | 12 | 16 | 331 | 3% |
| Building | 274 | 69 | 2 | 48 | 393 | 3% |
| Railways | 298 | 172 | 48 | 518 | 4% | |
| TOTAL | 6,698 | 2,046 | 1,925 | 912 | 11,581 | 100% |
Assets and liabilities by geographical segments
| France | Europe (excl. France) |
North America |
Rest of the world |
Consolidated | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| At December 31, 2010 | |||||
| Non-current assets | 2,193 | 590 | 672 | 249 | 3,704 |
| Current assets | 2,008 | 867 | 479 | 618 | 3,972 |
| Total assets | 4,201 | 1,457 | 1,151 | 867 | 7,676 |
| Non-current liabilities | 661 | 222 | 99 | 63 | 1,045 |
| Current liabilities | 2,296 | 957 | 431 | 572 | 4,256 |
| Total liabilities | 2,957 | 1,179 | 530 | 635 | 5,301 |
| NET ASSETS | 1,244 | 278 | 621 | 232 | 2,375 |
| At December 31, 2009 | |||||
| Non-current assets | 2,109 | 614 | 562 | 217 | 3,502 |
| Current assets | 2,092 | 1,054 | 449 | 591 | 4,186 |
| Total assets | 4,201 | 1,668 | 1,011 | 808 | 7,688 |
| Non-current liabilities | 605 | 230 | 70 | 52 | 957 |
| Current liabilities | 2,486 | 1,013 | 371 | 551 | 4,421 |
| Total liabilities | 3,091 | 1,243 | 441 | 603 | 5,378 |
| NET ASSETS | 1,110 | 425 | 570 | 205 | 2,310 |
Information regarding main clients
The Group's main customers are listed below from largest to smallest in scale:
- local authorities (regions, towns);
- states;
- private companies (in France, SNCF for railways) and public companies;
- individuals.
Note 12 – Income statement by function
In addition to the income statement presented by nature, the income statement by function is disclosed hereunder:
| 2010 | 2009 | |
|---|---|---|
| Revenue | 11,661 | 11,581 |
| Cost of sales | (10,235) | (9,936) |
| Gross profi t | 1,426 | 1,645 |
| Research and development costs | (69) | (70) |
| Administrative expenses | (992) | (1,034) |
| Profi t from operations (current) | 365 | 541 |
| Extraordinary items | (52) | – |
| Profi t from operations | 313 | 541 |
| Net fi nancial debt costs | (30) | (34) |
| Other fi nancial income and expense | (7) | 1 |
| Provision for income taxes | (122) | (172) |
| Income from associates | 69 | 55 |
| PROFIT FOR THE YEAR | 223 | 391 |
| Of which: minority interest | (1) | 4 |
| Of which: equity holders of the parent | 224 | 387 |
Note 13 – Other operating income and expense
| 2010 | 2009 | |
|---|---|---|
| Profi ts allocated or losses transferred regarding unconsolidated joint ventures | 40 | 56 |
| Proceeds on disposal of non-current assets | 62 | 41 |
| Other current income(1) | 466 | 457 |
| OTHER OPERATING INCOME | 568 | 554 |
| Losses allocated or profi ts transferred regarding unconsolidated joint ventures | (22) | (26) |
| Net book value of non-current assets disposed | (23) | (26) |
| Other current expense | (88) | (99) |
| OTHER OPERATING EXPENSE | (133) | (151) |
(1) Mainly expenses invoiced back to associates in joint ventures.
| Other non-current income | 6 | – |
|---|---|---|
| OTHER NON-CURRENT INCOME(2) | 6 | – |
| Other non-current expense | (58) | – |
| OTHER NON-CURRENT EXPENSE(3) | (58) | – |
(2) Other non-current income:
– badwill on minority interests shares purchase.
(3) Other non-current expenses:
– antitrust fi nes and related litigations (31) M€;
– impairment of goodwill (27) M€.
Note 14 – Finance income and expense
INTEREST INCOME AND EXPENSE
| 2010 | 2009 | |
|---|---|---|
| Interest income from cash | 19 | 26 |
| Income from short-term deposits | 1 | 1 |
| Interest income | 20 | 27 |
| Interest expense on cash | (25) | (26) |
| Interest on fi nance leases | (2) | (2) |
| Interest on fi nancial debt | (23) | (33) |
| Interest expense | (50) | (61) |
| INTEREST INCOME AND EXPENSE | (30) | (34) |
OTHER FINANCIAL INCOME AND EXPENSE
| 2010 | 2009 | |
|---|---|---|
| Dividends received from unconsolidated investments | 3 | 3 |
| Release of fi nancial provisions | 4 | 2 |
| Proceeds on disposal of fi nancial assets | 1 | 2 |
| Other income | 1 | |
| Other fi nancial income | 9 | 7 |
| Net charge on fi nancial provisions | (11) | (4) |
| Net book value of fi nancial assets disposed | (4) | (1) |
| Other expense | (1) | (1) |
| Other fi nancial expense | (16) | (6) |
| OTHER NET FINANCIAL INCOME AND EXPENSE | (7) | 1 |
Note 15 – Income tax
BREAKDOWN
| 2010 | 2009 | |
|---|---|---|
| Current income tax | (123) | (191) |
| Deferred income tax | 6 | 15 |
| Tax adjustments or exemptions | (1) | |
| Withholding taxes on dividends | (3) | |
| Tax expense | (121) | (176) |
| Tax provisions allocations/reversals | (1) | 4 |
| NET TAX EXPENSE | (122) | (172) |
RECONCILIATION BETWEEN THEORETICAL TAX AND ACTUAL TAX EXPENSE
Differences between theoretical tax expense, determined at the French statutory tax rate, and effective income tax are as follows:
| 2010 | 2009 | |
|---|---|---|
| Theoretical income tax determined at statutory tax rate | (95) | (175) |
| Impact of different tax rates of subsidiaries operating in other jurisdictions | (11) | 14 |
| Recognition of tax assets not previously recognized | 10 | |
| Unrecognized tax losses(1) | (34) | (6) |
| Income taxes which are not linked to income | 8 | |
| Impact of expenses that are not deductible and incomes that are not taxable in determining taxable profi t |
8 | (13) |
| INCOME TAX REPORTED IN INCOME STATEMENT | (122) | (172) |
(1) Not reversible in a foreseeable future.
Note 16 – Earnings and dividends per share
Basic earnings per share are determined by dividing net profi t for the year (Group share) by the total number of shares outstanding at December 31, 2010, less the number of bought back shares expected to be written off.
| 2010 | 2009 | |
|---|---|---|
| Net profi t (Group share) in euros | 223,839,000 | 386,729,000 |
| Number of issued shares | 32,624,790 | 32,601,789 |
| BASIC EARNINGS PER SHARE (IN EUROS) | 6.86 | 11.86 |
Diluted earnings per share is determined by dividing net profi t for the year (Group share) by the total number of shares outstanding at December 2010, plus the number of outstanding stock options.
Because there are no outstanding stock options, diluted earnings per share are identical to basic earnings per share.
| DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE (IN EUROS) | 6.86 | 11.86 |
|---|---|---|
| in euros | Per share | Total |
| Dividends decided and paid in 2010 | 6.75 | 220,062,075.75 |
| Dividends submitted to approval of the General Meeting of Shareholders on April 15, 2011 (not recognized as liabilities at December 31, 2010) |
6.30 | 205,536,177.00 |
Note 17 – Financial instruments
We disclose, hereafter, the total of all notional amounts outstanding at December 31, 2010 for each type of fi nancial instrument, with breakdown by maturity for interest transactions, and by currency for currency trade.
HEDGING OF INTEREST RATE RISKS
| Interest rate swap | Maturity | Total | Total | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2011 | 2012 to 2015 | Beyond | 31/12/2010 | 31/12/2009 | |
| On fi nancial assets | – | – | – | – | – |
| On fi nancial liabilities | – | – | 150 | 150 | 184 |
To ensure that the City of Portsmouth, England, is able to pay a fi xed monthly fee for the duration of the twenty-fi ve years of the road rehabilitation and maintenance contract, an interest rate swap has been set up.
This swap is a fl oating rate receiver, fi xed rate payer. Its par value is perfectly in line with the draw down and repayment schedule of the non-recourse loan, in order to back the debt fi xed cost onto the monthly fee received. At December 31, 2010, that swap amounted to 70.8 million euros (60.9 million GBP).
STVR, a concession company in which Colas Rail holds a majority share, contracted a long-term interest rate swap in 2003 to fi nance the construction and operation of the City of Caen's tramway. This redeemable fl oating rate receiver, fi xed rate payer whose term is November 2018, is accounted for in equity for its market value. At December 31, 2010, that swap amounted to 79.5 million euros.
HEDGING FOR EXCHANGE RISKS
Group companies generate only a small proportion of their revenue from exports.
Revenue from foreign countries is chiefl y generated by subsidiaries that issue invoices and book their expenses in local currency. Occasionally, some currency contracts are hedged for exchange risks.
| HUF(1) | RON (1) | USD(1) | MAD(1) | GBP(1) | Other(1) | 31/12/2010 | 31/12/2009 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Forward purchases |
3 | 2 | 0 | 9 | – | – | 14 | 51 |
| Forward sales | 4 | 19 | 25 | – | 13 | 14 | 75 | 61 |
| Currency swap | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Currency options | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
(1) Equivalent in euros.
Certain work contracts in euros, signed in Hungary, Romania and Morocco, have been systematically hedged for exchange risks. Forward sales of RON and GBP correspond to hedging regarding loans to subsidiaries. Forward sales of USD mainly comprise hedging of sales of products manufactured by Société de la Raffi nerie de Dunkerque.
HEDGING FOR COMMODITIES RISKS
| Brent | Other | 31/12/2010 | 31/12/2009 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Forward purchases | – | – | – | – |
| Forward sales | 4 | – | 4 | – |
| Swaps | – | – | – | – |
| Options | – | – | – | – |
The Brent contract forward sales correspond to hedging for activity at Société de la Raffi nerie de Dunkerque.
FAIR VALUE OF HEDGING FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
At December 31, 2010, the net present market value of hedging fi nancial instruments amounted to (21.6) million euros. This amount mainly comprises the net present value of interest rate swap for Group debt hedging.
Breakdown of the market value by nature of hedging is as follows:
- transactions regarding fair value hedge: (12.8) million euros;
- transactions regarding cash fl ow hedge: (8.7) million euros;
- trading transactions: none.
The impact of the market value of the interest rate swap set up for the contract with the City of Portsmouth, England, i.e., (12.4) million euros, is fully compensated by the market value of the embedded derivative instrument regarding the fi xed fee paid by the client, i.e., 12.4 million euros.
The impact of market value of interest rate swap for contract with the City of Caen (France), i.e., (9.1) million euros, is recognized directly in equity.
The total of valuation of fi nancial instruments after deduction of embedded derivative fi nancial instrument to fi xed contractual fee paid by the City of Portsmouth is (9.2) million euros.
In case of +1% transfer in interest rate yield curve (and respectively –1%), the market value of hedging fi nancial instruments would amount to (11.9) million euros (respectively (31.5) million euros).
An average unfavorable change of 1% against all other currencies would result in a decrease in the market value of hedging fi nancial instruments to (22.4) million euros.
Should commodities prices fl uctuate by +10% (and respectively –10%), the market value of fi nancial instruments would amount to (22.0) million euros (respectively (21.2) million euros).
Measurement has been made by an independent service provider, according to market practices.
Note 18 – Commitments and contingencies
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
| Maturity | Less than 1 year |
From 1 to 5 years |
More than 5 years |
Total 31/12/2010 |
Total 31/12/2009 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Commitments given Endorsements and warranties |
18 | 32 | 17 | 67 | 82 |
| Commitments received Contractual commitments |
– | – | – | – | – |
| Assets given as securities Mortgages and securities |
14 | 31 | 53 | 98 | 103 |
The Group grants, in respect of its operating activities, decennial or performance warranties, which are not measured or disclosed. If the said could cause outfl ow of resources, provisions are recognized.
OPERATING LEASE COMMITMENTS
| Maturity | Less than | From 1 | More than | Total | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 year | to 5 years | 5 years | 31/12/2010 | 31/12/2009 | |
| Commitments given/received | 27 | 77 | 61 | 165 | 145 |
Minimum lease payments up to contracts renewal date (or fi rst cancel date) pertain to operating lease contracts for operating businesses (land building, equipment, etc.).
COMMITMENTS UNDER FINANCE LEASES
| Maturity | Less than 1 year |
From 1 to 5 years |
More than 5 years |
Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Minimum lease payments | 17 | 23 | 2 | 42 |
| Finance charge | (1) | (1) | (2) | |
| PRESENT VALUE OF MINIMUM LEASE PAYMENTS | 16 | 22 | 2 | 40 |
| At December 31, 2009 | 16 | 27 | 2 | 45 |
OTHER COMMITMENTS GIVEN
In 2010, the Company issued guarantees under section 17 of Ireland's Companies (Amendment) Act, 1986 of Ireland on behalf of Colas Teoranta, Road Maintenance Services Ltd, Colas Building Products Ltd, Cold Chon (Galway) Ltd, Colfi x (Dublin) Ltd, Colas Construction Ltd, Road Binders Ltd, Chemoran Ltd and Atlantic Bitumen Company Ltd.
Note 19 – Changes in net fi nancial position
| 31/12/2010 | 2010 variations | 31/12/2009 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cash and cash equivalents | 411 | (125) | 536 |
| Bank overdrafts and short-term loans | (209) | (56) | (153) |
| Net cash | 202 | (181) | 383 |
| Long-term fi nancial debts | 200 | (12) | 212 |
| Long-term fi nancial debts (current portion) | 50 | 5 | 45 |
| Financial instruments | 9 | 9 | |
| Gross debt | 259 | (7) | 266 |
| NET FINANCIAL POSITION | (57) | (174) | 117 |
Note 20 – Workforce and employee benefi ts
AVERAGE GROUP WORKFORCE
| 2010 | 2009 | |
|---|---|---|
| Managers and engineers | 7,784 | 7,960 |
| Foremen, technicians, supervisors and offi ce staff | 16,099 | 16,045 |
| Workers | 45,012 | 47,313 |
| TOTAL AVERAGE GROUP WORKFORCE | 68,895 | 71,318 |
BREAKDOWN OF EMPLOYEE BENEFITS: DEFINED CONTRIBUTION PLANS
| 2010 | 2009 | |
|---|---|---|
| Amounts recognized as expense | 757 | 757 |
These expenses comprise contributions to:
- social security, welfare;
- retirement pension funds (State and supplementary);
- unemployment insurance schemes.
BREAKDOWN OF EMPLOYEE BENEFITS: DEFINED BENEFIT PLANS
| Retirement indemnities | Pensions(1) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2010 | 2009 | 2010 | 2009 | |
| Current service costs | (13) | (1) | (4) | |
| Interest costs | 7 | 6 | 11 | 10 |
| Expected return on plan assets | (11) | (9) | ||
| Past service costs | 2 | 2 | (15) | (1) |
| NET EXPENSES | (4) | 7 | (19) | – |
| Present value of obligations | 168 | 172 | 311 | 271 |
| Fair value of plan assets | (258) | (236) | ||
| Unrecognized past service costs | (24) | (25) | 2 | 3 |
| NET RECOGNIZED LIABILITIES | 144 | 147 | 55 | 38 |
(1) These pension schemes are managed by independent funds.
VARIATIONS OF BALANCE SHEET NET LIABILITIES
| Retirement indemnities | Pensions | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2010 | 2009 | 2010 | 2009 | |
| At January 1 | 147 | 158 | 38 | 28 |
| Exchange differences | 1 | 1 | ||
| Transfers | 1 | |||
| Acquisitions of subsidiaries | 4 | 15 | ||
| Actuarial gains/losses in equity | (4) | (18) | 20 | 9 |
| Net expenses | (4) | 7 | (19) | |
| AT DECEMBER 31 | 144 | 147 | 55 | 38 |
MAIN ACTUARIAL ASSUMPTIONS FOR DETERMINATION OF RETIREMENT INDEMNITIES
The effect of changes in assumptions determined at 2010 balance sheet date has been recognized directly through equity, according to Group accounting policies (IAS 19 revised).
| 2010 | 2009 | |
|---|---|---|
| Discount rates IBoxx € Corporate A10 | 4.62% | 4.89% |
| Survival tables | Insee 2006-2008 |
Insee 1989-1991 |
| Average retirement age for managers and executives | 65 years | 62 years |
| Average retirement age for other employees and workers | 63 years | 60 years |
EQUITY COMPENSATION BENEFITS
In 2010, options giving subscription rights for new Bouygues shares have been granted by Bouygues SA to certain Colas and Group subsidiary employees. The amount of these benefi ts is not signifi cant.
Note 21 – Related party disclosures
| Expense Income |
Receivables | Debts | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2010 | 2009 | 2010 | 2009 | 2010 | 2009 | 2010 | 2009 | |
| Bouygues Group companies | 47 | 45 | 68 | 73 | 61 | 57 | 15 | 10 |
| Joint ventures | 18 | 18 | 47 | 50 | 12 | 15 | 10 | 16 |
| Associates | 3 | 49 | 46 | 4 | 5 | 1 | ||
| Other related parties | 0.3 | 0.3 | ||||||
| Key managers | 6.8 | 6.9 | 6 | 8 | ||||
| Non-executive Directors | 0.1 | 0.2 | ||||||
| TOTAL | 72 | 73 | 163 | 169 | 77 | 77 | 31 | 35 |
| Maturity < 1 year | 77 | 77 | 29 | 32 | ||||
| Maturity > 1 year | – | – | 2 | 3 |
RELATED PARTY IDENTITY
Bouygues Group companies: Bouygues and its subsidiaries.
| Joint ventures: | Carrières Roy and certain non-signifi cant joint ventures. |
|---|---|
| Associates: | Cofi route, Tipco Asphalt, Mak and some non-signifi cant associates. |
| Other related parties: | Colas Foundation. |
COMPENSATION OF KEY MANAGEMENT OF THE GROUP
Key managers are members of the executive committee at December 31, 2010. It comprises the Chief Executive Offi cer and six salaried members (including four salaried Directors).
| 2010 | 2009 | |
|---|---|---|
| Direct compensation | 6.4 | 6.4 |
| Post-employment benefi ts | 0.4 | 0.5 |
| Equity compensation benefi ts | – | – |
| TOTAL | 6.8 | 6.9 |
Direct compensation: this amounts to 6.4 million euros, of which 2.7 million euros is for variable compensation established in relation to targets and 60,000 euros for Directors' fees.
Based on Directors present as of December 31, 2010, executive committee compensation for 2010 is down 7.4% against 2009.
Post-employment benefi ts:
Chairman and Chief Executive Offi cer: this provides a supplementary pension plan amounting to 0.92% of reference salary for each year of service in the scheme whose ceiling is eight times that of French Social Security. The supplementary pension scheme has been externalized to an insurance company.
Other key managers: Company's contribution regarding defi ned pension contribution plan (4% of employees' global wages).
Equity compensation benefi ts: the number of Bouygues shares attributed in 2010 (stock options) is 256,000 with a subscription price of 34.52 euros. The minimum subscription date is June 30, 2014. The amount of this benefi t is not material.
Directors' fees:
Directors' fees allocated to Directors in 2010 amounted to 180,000 euros.
Note 22 – Fees of independent Auditors
We disclose hereunder the fees charged by the Auditors who carry out the legal audit of Colas accounts.
| Mazars | KPMG | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2010 | 2009 | 2010 | 2009 | |
| Colas parent company's legal Auditors | ||||
| – Colas | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
| – Subsidiaries | 1.8 | 1.2 | 2.1 | 2.2 |
| – Secondary assignments | ||||
| Sub-total | 2.0 | 1.4 | 2.3 | 2.4 |
| Other assignments: law, tax, welfare | ||||
| TOTAL | 2.0 | 1.4 | 2.3 | 2.4 |
Note 23 – Main exchange rates used for translation
| Country | Currency | Rate 31/12/2010 | Average rate 2010 | Rate 31/12/2009 | Average rate 2009 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Europe | |||||
| Croatia | Croatian kuna | 7.3830 | 7.2949 | 7.3000 | 7.3444 |
| Denmark | Danish kroner | 7.4535 | 7.4477 | 7.4418 | 7.4461 |
| Great Britain | British pound | 0.8608 | 0.8560 | 0.8881 | 0.8900 |
| Hungary | Forint | 277.95 | 276.51 | 270.42 | 281.44 |
| Poland | Zloty | 3.9750 | 4.0049 | 4.1045 | 4.3469 |
| Czech Republic | Czech Republic koruny | 25.061 | 25.263 | 26.473 | 26.496 |
| Romania | New leu | 4.2620 | 4.2169 | 4.2363 | 4.2417 |
| Switzerland | Swiss franc | 1.2504 | 1.3700 | 1.4836 | 1.5076 |
| North America | |||||
| United States | US dollar | 1.3362 | 1.3207 | 1.4406 | 1.3963 |
| Canada | Canadian dollar | 1.3322 | 1.3660 | 1.5128 | 1.5819 |
| Other | |||||
| Australia | Australian dollar | 1.3136 | 1.4390 | 1.6008 | 1.7656 |
| Morocco | Dirham | 11.1735 | 11.1453 | 11.3040 | 11.2507 |
| Thailand | Baht | 40.1700 | 41.8175 | 47.9860 | 47.8438 |
Note 24 – Scope of consolidation
24.1 – CHANGES IN SCOPE OF CONSOLIDATION
| Number of consolidated companies | 2010 | 2009 |
|---|---|---|
| Full consolidation | 530 | 541 |
| Proportional consolidation | 97 | 111 |
| Equity method | 18 | 20 |
| TOTAL | 645 | 672 |
Main new investments
France: Société de la Raffi nerie de Dunkerque, Garenq, Castres Béton, Centre Voirie, Linea BTP. International: Damiacons (Romania).
Disposal of companies
France: HDI. International: Sorexi (Morocco).
Change in consolidation method
Société des Bétons Ajacciens: equity method up to and including 2009, proportionate method in 2010.
24.2 – IMPACT AND ACCOUNTING OF YEAR'S ACQUISITIONS
We have disclosed hereafter the changes in scope of consolidation before acquisition and after allocation of identifi able assets and liabilities to different balance sheet items.
Impact on balance sheet
| Amounts before acquisition |
Goodwill allocation(1) |
Fair value of items acquired |
Allocation 2009 amended in 2010(2) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plant and equipment | 55 | (10) | 45 | |
| Intangible assets | 4 | 4 | ||
| Goodwill | 1 | 1 | ||
| Associated companies | ||||
| Non-consolidated investments | 4 | (1) | 3 | |
| Financial assets | ||||
| Deferred tax assets | 4 | 10 | 14 | |
| Current assets | 68 | (1) | 67 | |
| TOTAL ASSETS | 135 | (1) | 134 | |
| Equity | 49 | (16) | 33 | |
| Minority interests | ||||
| Deferred tax liabilities | ||||
| Other non-current liabilities | 37 | 16 | 53 | |
| Current liabilities | 49 | (1) | 48 | |
| TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES | 135 | (1) | 134 |
Impact on revenue 56
(1) Temporary allocation potentially amendable within one year following acquisition date.
(2) Amendments in 2010 (within one year period) of temporary allocations made in 2009.
Investment price in consolidated companies acquired during the year totaled 32 million euros. Additionally, 1 million euros was paid for companies acquired in 2009, but consolidated in 2010. The fair value of acquired assets and liabilities totals 33 million euros and corresponds to the acquisition price.
24.3 – LIST OF MAIN CONSOLIDATED COMPANIES
The following companies are fully consolidated except in case of specifi c disclosure (PC: proportional consolidation, EM: equity method).
| Companies | Head offi ce | % of stake | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2010 | 2009 | ||||
| France | |||||
| Colas Centre-Ouest | Nantes, France | 99.9 | 99.9 | ||
| Colas Île-de-France – Normandie | Magny-les-Hameaux, France | 99.9 | 99.9 | ||
| Colas Nord-Picardie | Villeneuve-d'Ascq, France | 99.9 | 99.9 | ||
| Colas Est | Nancy, France | 99.9 | 99.9 | ||
| Colas Rhône-Alpes Auvergne | Lyon, France | 99.9 | 99.9 | ||
| Colas Midi-Méditerranée | Aix-en-Provence, France | 99.9 | 99.9 | ||
| Colas Sud-Ouest | Mérignac, France | 99.9 | 99.9 | ||
| Aximum | Chatou, France | 99.9 | 99.9 | ||
| Spac | Clichy, France | 99.9 | 99.9 | ||
| Sacer Atlantique | Nantes, France | 99.9 | 99.9 | ||
| Sacer Paris – Nord-Est | Magny-les-Hameaux, France | 99.9 | 99.9 | ||
| Sacer Sud-Est | Lyon, France | 99.9 | 99.9 | ||
| Screg Ouest | Nantes, France | 99.9 | 99.9 | ||
| Screg Île-de-France – Normandie | Voisins-le-Bretonneux, France | 99.9 | 99.9 | ||
| Screg Nord-Picardie | Villeneuve-d'Ascq, France | 99.9 | 99.9 | ||
| Screg Est | Nancy, France | 99.9 | 99.9 | ||
| Screg Sud-Est | Lyon, France | 99.9 | 99.9 | ||
| Screg Sud-Ouest | Mérignac, France | 99.9 | 99.9 | ||
| Smac | Boulogne-Billancourt, France | 99.9 | 99.9 | ||
| Colas Rail | Maisons-Laffi tte, France | 99.9 | 99.9 | ||
| GTOI | Le Port – Reunion Island | 99.9 | 99.9 | ||
| Colas Martinique | Le Lamentin – Martinique | 99.9 | 99.9 | ||
| Gouyer | Le Lamentin – Martinique | 99.9 | 99.9 | ||
| Colas Guadeloupe | Baie-Mahault – Guadeloupe | 99.9 | 99.9 | ||
| SBEG | Cayenne – French Guiana | 99.9 | 99.9 | ||
| Carrières Roy (PC) | Saint-Varent, France | 49.9 | 49.9 | ||
| Cofi route (EM) | Sèvres, France | 16.7 | 16.7 | ||
| Société de la Raffi nerie de Dunkerque | Dunkerque, France | 100.0 | – | ||
| French overseas territories | |||||
| Colas Mayotte | Mamoudzou – Mayotte | 100.0 | 100.0 | ||
| Colas de Nouvelle-Calédonie | Noumea – New Caledonia | 99.9 | 99.9 | ||
| Europe (excluding France) | |||||
| Colas Bauchemie GmbH | Bremen – Germany | 100.0 | 100.0 | ||
| Colas Gmbh | Gratkorn – Austria | 100.0 | 100.0 | ||
| Colas Belgium | Brussels – Belgium | 99.9 | 99.9 | ||
| Cesta Varazdin | Varazdin – Croatia | 70.3 | 70.3 | ||
| Colas Danmark A/S | Virum – Denmark | 100.0 | 100.0 | ||
| Colas Ltd | Rowfant – Great Britain | 100.0 | 100.0 | ||
| Colas Hungaria | Budapest – Hungary | 100.0 | 100.0 | ||
| Colas Polska | Sroda Wlkp – Poland | 100.0 | 100.0 | ||
| Colas CZ | Prague – Czech Republic | 100.0 | 100.0 | ||
| Colas Teoranta | Dublin – Ireland | 100.0 | 100.0 | ||
| Colas Romania | Bucarest – Romania | 100.0 | 100.0 |
| Companies | Head offi ce | % of stake | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2010 | 2009 | ||||
| Colas SA | Lausanne – Switzerland | 99.2 | 99.2 | ||
| North America | |||||
| ColasCanada Inc. | Montréal – Quebec, Canada | 100.0 | 100.0 | ||
| Colas Inc. | Morristown – New Jersey, United States | 100.0 | 100.0 | ||
| Africa – Indian Ocean | |||||
| Colas Bénin | Cotonou – Benin | 100.0 | 100.0 | ||
| Colas Djibouti | Djibouti – Republic of Djibouti | 100.0 | 100.0 | ||
| Colas Gabon | Libreville – Gabon | 89.9 | |||
| Colas Madagascar | Antananarivo – Madagascar | 100.0 | 100.0 | ||
| Colas (Maurice) Ltée | Petite Rivière – Mauritius | 100.0 | 100.0 | ||
| Colas du Maroc | Casablanca – Morocco | 99.9 | 99.9 | ||
| Grands Travaux Routiers | Rabat – Morocco | 67.7 | 67.7 | ||
| Asia | |||||
| Wasco | Jakarta – Indonesia | 55.1 | 55.1 | ||
| Raycol Asphalt Co. Ltd (PC) | Rayong – Thailand | 50.0 | 50.0 | ||
| Thaï Slurry Seal Co. Ltd | Bangkok – Thailand | 50.0 | 50.0 | ||
| Tipco Asphalt (EM) | Bangkok – Thailand | 30.7 | 30.7 | ||
| Hincol (PC) | Mumbai – India | 30.0 | 30.0 | ||
| Drawmac Group | Sydney – Australia | 93.8 | 51.0 |
Report of the Statutory Auditors on the consolidated fi nancial statements
(Fiscal year ended December 31, 2010)
To the Shareholders,
In compliance with the assignment entrusted to us by your Shareholders' Meeting, we hereby present our report for the fi scal year ended December 31, 2010 dealing with:
– the audit of the consolidated fi nancial statements of Colas attached to this report;
- the justifi cation of our assessments;
- the specifi c verifi cation provided for by law.
The consolidated fi nancial statements are the responsibility of the Board of Directors. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on those fi nancial statements on the basis of our audit.
1 – OPINION ON THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
We conducted our audit in accordance with the auditing standards applicable in France; such standards require us to perform such audit procedures as may provide us with reasonable assurance that the consolidated fi nancial statements are free from material misstatement. An audit includes examination, on a test basis by sampling or other means of selection, of evidence relevant to the amounts and disclosures in the fi nancial statements. It also includes an assessment of the accounting policies applied, of the signifi cant estimates made in the preparation of the fi nancial statements, and of their overall presentation. We consider that the work we performed provides a suffi cient and appropriate basis for the opinion.
We certify that the consolidated fi nancial statements are properly and faithfully prepared with regard to the IFRS accounting framework as adopted by the European Union and give a true and fair view of consolidated entities' assets and liabilities, fi nancial position and fi nancial performance.
2 – JUSTIFICATION OF OUR ASSESSMENTS
In accordance with the requirements of article L. 823-9 of the French Code of commerce, relating to the justifi cation of our audit assessments, we bring to your attention the following matters:
– the Company systematically, at least once per year, performs impairment tests on its goodwill and assets with indefi nite useful economic lives and determines whether there is any indication of impairment of its noncurrent assets, as described more fully in note 2 in the section entitled "Non-current assets – Monitoring the value of fi xed assets" and note 3.2 "Goodwill and other intangible assets" of the notes to the fi nancial statements. We have examined the assumptions made and methods employed in performing that impairment testing and have verifi ed that the abovementioned notes provide the appropriate information;
– Colas recognizes the profi t or loss of its construction projects on the basis described in note 2 in the section "Income statement – Current operating profi t". Our work consisted, based on the information provided to us, in assessing the assumptions employed in forecasting the fi nal profi t or loss on project completion. The above assessments were made in the context of our audit of the consolidated fi nancial statements taken as a whole and therefore contributed to the formation of the audit opinion expressed in the fi rst part of this report.
3 – SPECIFIC VERIFICATION
We have also verifi ed the information presented in the Group's management report, in accordance with professional standards applicable in France.
We have no matters to report regarding its fair presentation and conformity with the consolidated fi nancial statements.
Paris – La Défense and Courbevoie, February 28, 2011
The Statutory Auditors
| KPMG Audit A division of KPMG SA |
MAZARS | |
|---|---|---|
| Xavier Fournet Partner |
Gilles Rainaut Gaël Lamant Partner |
Partner |
| Balance sheet at December 31 | 110 |
|---|---|
| Income statement | 111 |
| Notes to the fi nancial statements | 112 |
| Results of the Company for the last fi ve fi scal years | 122 |
COLAS FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
At December 31, 2010
Balance sheet at December 31
| in millions of euros | Notes | 2010 | 2009 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intangible assets | 17.7 | 17.9 | |
| Property, plant and equipment | 170.5 | 162.4 | |
| Holdings in subsidiaries and affi liates | 1,216.8 | 1,221.2 | |
| Loans and advances to subsidiaries and affi liates | 242.2 | 245.3 | |
| Other non-current fi nancial assets | 1.9 | 1.7 | |
| Non-current assets | 3 | 1,649.1 | 1,648.5 |
| Inventories | 49.8 | 0.7 | |
| Trade receivables | 102.3 | 109.4 | |
| Group and associates | 128.5 | 97.6 | |
| Other receivables and prepayments | 36.5 | 22.6 | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | 34.5 | 13.7 | |
| Current assets | 4 | 351.6 | 244.0 |
| TOTAL ASSETS | 2,000.7 | 1,892.5 | |
| Share capital | 48.9 | 48.9 | |
| Share premium and reserves | 809.7 | 696.8 | |
| Net profi t for the year | 267.4 | 329.1 | |
| Tax-driven provisions | 10.4 | 8.3 | |
| Equity | 5 | 1,136.4 | 1,083.1 |
| Provisions for contingencies and losses | 6 | 84.7 | 48.5 |
| Financial debt | 0.7 | 0.7 | |
| Advance payments | 0.7 | 0.6 | |
| Trade payables | 86.4 | 99.5 | |
| Group and associates | 584.4 | 557.4 | |
| Other non-fi nancial debt accruals and deferred income | 62.9 | 67.0 | |
| Bank overdrafts and short-term loans | 44.5 | 35.7 | |
| Liabilities | 779.6 | 760.9 | |
| TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES | 2,000.7 | 1,892.5 |
Income statement
| in millions of euros Notes |
2010 | 2009 |
|---|---|---|
| Revenue 10 |
576.7 | 573.3 |
| Raw materials and consumables used | (375.9) | (348.0) |
| External services | (122.8) | (101.4) |
| Staff costs | (59.7) | (58.9) |
| Taxes other than income tax | (10.7) | (8.3) |
| Depreciation, amortization and depletion | (10.4) | (9.7) |
| Net provision allocations | (12.3) | (5.4) |
| Other operating income | 118.2 | 92.3 |
| Other operating expenses | (2.2) | (1.0) |
| Share of profi ts from joint ventures | 1.0 | 9.8 |
| Operating profi t | 101.9 | 142.7 |
| Financial income | 289.2 | 274.4 |
| Financial expense | (113.1) | (55.3) |
| Interest income (expense) 11 |
176.1 | 219.1 |
| Profi t from operations | 278.0 | 361.8 |
| Exceptional income | 11.4 | 19.9 |
| Exceptional expense | (7.2) | (20.8) |
| Exceptional income (expense) 12 |
4.2 | (0.9) |
| Employee profi t sharing scheme | (1.4) | (1.7) |
| Income taxes 13 |
(13.4) | (30.1) |
| NET PROFIT FOR THE YEAR | 267.4 | 329.1 |
Notes to the fi nancial statements
Contents
Notes
| 1 | Information about the Company | 11 Financial income (expense) |
|---|---|---|
| 2 | Summary of accounting policies | 12 Exceptional income (expense) |
| 3 | Non-current assets | 13 Income taxes |
| 4 | Current assets | 14 Impact of derogatory tax-driven provisions on |
| 5 | Equity | profi t |
| 6 | Provisions for contingencies and losses | 15 Off balance sheet commitments |
| 16 Workforce and remuneration of executive bodies | ||
| 7 | Breakdown of accounts involving related companies |
17 Fees paid to the Statutory Auditors |
| 8 | Receivables and payables by maturity at the | 18 Subsidiaries and affi liates |
| balance sheet date | 19 List of subsidiaries, affi liates and marketable | |
| 9 | Other non-fi nancial debt, accruals and deferred income |
securities |
| 10 Breakdown of revenue | ||
The fi gures in the notes to the fi nancial statements are presented in millions of euros (M€) unless otherwise stated.
Note 1 – Information about the Company
The fi nancial statements of Colas for the year ended December 31, 2010 were approved by the Board of Directors and authorized for issue on February 28, 2011. Colas is a French public société anonyme company incorporated in France.
Its main activities are described in note 10.
Note 2 – Summary of accounting policies
PREPARATION OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Colas' fi nancial statements have been prepared in accordance with current French legal and regulatory provisions.
FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION
Transactions denominated in foreign currency are recognized at the exchange rate prevailing at the transaction date. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currency are translated at the exchange rate prevailing at the balance sheet date.
INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Intangible assets are recognized at acquisition cost. Start-up and research costs are expensed as incurred. Intangible assets consist chiefl y of patents and brands. Business goodwill is not amortized; an impairment charge may be recognized if economic circumstances so require.
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Property, plant and equipment are recognized at cost less accumulated depreciation and any recognized impairment loss.
Depreciation is charged so as to write off the cost of assets or components of assets with different estimated useful lives, over their estimated useful lives, using the straight-line method.
Land is not depreciated.
| Offi ce buildings | 20 to 40 years |
|---|---|
| Industrial buildings | 10 to 20 years |
| Plant and equipment | 5 to 10 years |
| Other property and equipment (cars, trucks and offi ce equipment) |
3 to 10 years |
NON-CURRENT FINANCIAL ASSETS
Equity interests are stated on the balance sheet at acquisition cost less any impairment deemed necessary, determined based on their value-in-use.
Acquisition costs have been carried as non-current assets since 2006.
Other non-current fi nancial assets are carried at face value, net of any impairment.
INVENTORIES
Inventories are measured at the lower of their cost and net realizable value.
Inventory costs include all purchase costs and costs of conversion.
Costs of purchase include the purchase price, import duties and other non-recoverable taxes, transport and handling costs incurred to bring the inventories to their current location.
Costs of conversion include all costs that are directly or indirectly incurred in converting raw materials into fi nished goods.
Future valuations costs are assigned using the fi rst-infi rst-out or weighted average cost formulas, according to the type of inventories.
Net realizable value is the estimated selling price less estimated costs of completion and estimated costs necessary to complete the sale.
TRADE RECEIVABLES AND OTHER RECEIVABLES
Trade receivables, which generally have 30-90 day terms are recognized and carried at their original invoice amount less an allowance for any uncollectible amounts. Trade receivables include unbilled revenue on work performed for which customers have not yet been invoiced.
PREPAID EXPENSES AND ACCRUED INCOME
These include among other items prepaid expenses and deferred tax assets recoverable in future accounting periods.
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank and in hand and short-term deposits with a maturity on inception of three months or less.
Short-term deposits are stated at cost less accumulated impairment, if their net realizable value is lower than cost.
PROVISIONS FOR CONTINGENCIES AND LOSSES
Provisions are constituted when Colas has a current (legal or implicit) obligation arising from a past or current event and a cash disbursement is likely to be required to settle the obligation.
PENSIONS AND EMPLOYEE BENEFITS
Commitments with regard to pensions payable to employees on retirement are covered by the regular payment of contributions to pension funds that are independent from the Company.
Retirement indemnities
The cost of this employee benefi t is determined using the Projected Unit Credit actuarial method.
Actuarial gains or losses are only recognized as income or expenses when their total exceeds 10% of the total commitment (the "corridor" method).
Actuarial gains or losses are apportioned over the employees' average residual working life.
Length-of-service awards
Provisions are booked in respect of length-of-service awards, which the Company grants on an ongoing and systematic basis.
An individual projection method is used to calculate these amounts taking into consideration staff turnover and average life expectancy, according to mortality tables.
The main actuarial assumptions used to calculate vested pension benefi ts are :
– discount rate: 4.62% (IBoxx € corporate A10 at November 30, 2010);
– average staff turnover rate: according to historical company data;
– executive retirement age: 65;
– retirement age of clerical, technical and supervisory staff and site workers: 63.
REVENUE
Revenue represents the aggregate amount of sales generated, and work and services provided.
Revenue from construction activities is recognized according to the percentage of completion method :
– on the basis of work completed for contracts of less than one year,
– on the basis of the latest estimate of the total contract price multiplied by the percentage completion for longterm contracts.
CAPITAL GAINS OR LOSSES ON DISPOSAL OF ASSETS
In accordance with the recommendations made in the chart of accounts of the French Public Works sector, the capital gains on recurring disposals of equipment and installations have been recognized under operating profi t.
INCOME TAX
Deferred taxes are determined in accordance with the balance sheet liability method for all the taxable or deductible temporary differences at the balance sheet date.
Taxable or deductible temporary differences include:
– all differences between the tax base of an asset or liability and its carrying amount in the balance sheet,
– carry-forwards of tax losses and unused tax credits.
When the net deferred tax balance is a tax asset, that asset is recognized only to the extent that it is highly probable that taxable profi t will be available against these deductible temporary differences in future accounting periods.
Deferred tax assets or liabilities are measured on the basis of tax rates expected to be applied during the year in which the asset will be realized or the liability settled based on tax rates that have been enacted or substantially enacted at the balance sheet date.
CONSOLIDATION
As a member of the Bouygues Group, our Company's results are included in the Bouygues Group's consolidated fi nancial statements.
Note 3 – Non-current assets
CHANGES DURING THE YEAR
| 01/01/2010 | Acquisitions | Disposals and reductions |
Charges and reversals |
31/12/2010 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intangible assets | |||||
| Gross | 24.1 | 0.3 | 24.4 | ||
| Amortization and impairment | (6.2) | (0.5) | (6.7) | ||
| Net | 17.9 | 0.3 | (0.5) | 17.7 | |
| Tangible assets | |||||
| Gross | 251.0 | 19.2 | (3.8) | 266.4 | |
| Depreciation and impairment | (88.6) | (7.3) | (95.9) | ||
| Net | 162.4 | 19.2 | (3.8) | (7.3) | 170.5 |
| Holdings in subsidiaries and affi liates | |||||
| Gross | 1,312.4 | 34.8 | (4.5) | 1,342.7 | |
| Impairment | (91.2) | (34.7) | (125.9) | ||
| Net | 1,221.2 | 34.8 | (4.5) | (34.7) | 1,216.8 |
| Loans/advances to subsidiaries and affi liates |
|||||
| Gross | 253.2 | 415.4 | (408.5) | 260.1 | |
| Impairment | (7.9) | (10.0) | (17.9) | ||
| Net | 245.3 | 415.4 | (408.5) | (10.0) | 242.2 |
| Other non-current fi nancial assets | |||||
| Gross | 1.7 | 0.2 | 1.9 | ||
| Impairment | |||||
| Net | 1.7 | 0.2 | 1.9 | ||
| TOTAL NON-CURRENT ASSETS | 1,648.5 | 469.9 | (416.8) | (52.5) | 1,649.1 |
Note 4 – Current assets
| Gross | Impairment | 2010 Net |
2009 Net |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inventories | 50.3 | (0.5) | 49.8 | 0.7 |
| Trade receivables | 109.7 | (7.4) | 102.3 | 109.4 |
| Group and associates | 136.5 | (8.0) | 128.5 | 97.6 |
| Advances and down payments | 3.2 | 3.2 | 4.0 | |
| Other receivables | 26.7 | 26.7 | 10.6 | |
| Prepaid expenses | 0.4 | 0.4 | 1.3 | |
| Accrued income | 0.2 | 0.2 | 1.5 | |
| Deferred tax assets | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.2 | |
| Other receivables and regularization accounts | 36.5 | 36.5 | 22.6 | |
| Marketable securities | ||||
| Bouygues Relais cash management company | 30.0 | 30.0 | 10.0 | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | 4.5 | 4.5 | 3.7 | |
| Marketable securities, cash and cash equivalents | 34.5 | 34.5 | 13.7 | |
| TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS | 367.5 | (15.9) | 351.6 | 244.0 |
Note 5 – Equity
COMPOSITION OF THE SHARE CAPITAL
Colas had share capital of 48,937,185 euros at December 31, 2010.
It comprised 32,624,790 shares of 1.50 euros at par value, with all shares having the same rights (however, double voting rights are allocated to shares registered in the name of the same shareholder for more than two years).
CHANGES DURING THE YEAR
| Number of shares | Amount in euros | |
|---|---|---|
| January 1, 2010 | 32,601,789 | 48,902,683.50 |
| Portion of the dividend paid in shares | 23,001 | 34,501.50 |
| DECEMBER 31, 2010 | 32,624,790 | 48,937,185.00 |
| Main shareholders | ||
| Bouygues | 31,522,344 | 96.62% |
| Other shareholders | 1,102,446 | 3.38% |
CHANGE IN EQUITY
| 01/01/2010 | Appropriation by AGM(1) |
Capital increase |
Other changes |
31/12/2010 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Share capital | 48.9 | 48.9 | |||
| Share premium account | 397.8 | 3.9 | 401.7 | ||
| Revaluation reserve | 2.7 | 2.7 | |||
| Legal reserve | 4.8 | 4.8 | |||
| Blocked reserve | 0.7 | 0.7 | |||
| Other reserves | 13.5 | 13.5 | |||
| Retained earnings | 277.3 | 109.0 | 386.3 | ||
| Share premium and reserves | 696.8 | 109.0 | 3.9 | 809.7 | |
| Net profi t for the year | 329.1 | (329.1) | 267.4 | 267.4 | |
| Tax-driven provisions | 8.3 | 2.1 | 10.4 | ||
| TOTAL EQUITY | 1,083.1 | (220.1) | 3.9 | 269.5 | 1,136.4 |
(1) Distribution of a dividend of 6.75 euros per share amounting to a total of 220,062,075.75 euros.
Note 6 – Provisions for contingencies and losses
TYPE OF PROVISION
| 01/01/2010 | Increases | Provisions used |
Provisions cancelled |
31/12/2010 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Litigation and claims | 10.4 | 0.7 | (0.1) | (6.2) | 4.8 |
| Guarantees provided to customers | 1.0 | (0.9) | 0.1 | ||
| Tax reassessments | 3.7 | (1.0) | 2.7 | ||
| Risks related to foreign operations | 20.5 | 2.2 | 22.7 | ||
| Other provisions for contingencies | 9.9 | 40.2 | 50.1 | ||
| Employee benefi ts | 1.1 | (0.2) | 0.9 | ||
| Provisions for losses | 1.9 | 3.1 | (1.6) | 3.4 | |
| PROVISIONS FOR CONTINGENCIES AND LOSSES |
48.5 | 43.1 | (2.6) | (4.3) | 84.7 |
Note 7 – Breakdown of accounts involving related companies
| Assets | Liabilities | Income statement |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Non-current fi nancial assets |
1,459.0 | – | – |
| Receivables | 183.8 | – | – |
| Cash and cash equivalents | 30.0 | ||
| Financial debt | – | – | – |
| Non-fi nancial debt | – | 597.8 | – |
| Financial income | – | – | 283.7 |
| Financial expense | – | – | (102.6) |
| TOTAL | 1,672.8 | 597.8 | 181.1 |
Note 8 – Receivables and payables by maturity at the balance sheet date
| Net amount |
Less than 1 year |
From 1 to 5 years |
More than 5 years |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Receivables related to non current assets |
244.1 | 25.8 | 216.8 | 1.5 |
| Receivables related to current assets |
267.3 | 267.3 | ||
| Cash and cash equivalents |
34.5 | 34.5 | ||
| RECEIVABLES | 545.9 | 327.6 | 216.8 | 1.5 |
| Financial debt | 0.7 | 0.7 | ||
| Non-fi nancial debt |
734.4 | 734.4 | ||
| Bank overdrafts and short-term loans |
44.5 | 44.5 | ||
| PAYABLES | 779.6 | 779.6 |
Note 9 – Other non-fi nancial debt, accruals and deferred income
| 2010 | 2009 | |
|---|---|---|
| Tax and social security liabilities | 31.3 | 36.8 |
| Liabilities in respect of fi xed assets |
3.2 | 6.0 |
| Other liabilities | 15.8 | 13.7 |
| Deferred income and other regularization accounts |
12.6 | 10.5 |
| TOTAL | 62.9 | 67.0 |
Note 10 – Breakdown of revenue
| France | International | 2010 | 2009 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Works | 22.9 | 22.9 | 170.4 | |
| Sale of products |
322.7 | 39.4 | 362.1 | 186.1 |
| Provision of services |
113.6 | 78.1 | 191.7 | 216.8 |
| REVENUE | 436.3 | 140.4 | 576.7 | 573.3 |
WORKS
In 2010, projects in Hungary and Romania are nearing completion (reminder: the works are sub-contracted to local subsidiaries).
SALES OF PRODUCTS
In 2010, following the acquisition of SRD, Société de la Raffi nerie de Dunkerque, Colas has developed the sales of oil products (bitumen, oil, fuels, etc.), which explains the signifi cant increase in Sales of products compared to 2009.
Note 11 – Financial income (expense)
| 2010 | 2009 | |
|---|---|---|
| Dividends received from subsidiaries and affi liates |
262.9 | 266.0 |
| Net interest income (expense) | (0.5) | (5.0) |
| Other fi nancial provision (charges) reversals |
(84.5) | (34.9) |
| Net gain on disposal of marketable securities |
||
| Translation adjustment | (1.8) | 1.7 |
| Losses on advances to subsidiaries and affi liates |
(8.7) | |
| NET FINANCIAL INCOME (EXPENSE) | 176.1 | 219.1 |
Note 12 – Exceptional income (expense)
| 2010 | 2009 | |
|---|---|---|
| Capital gain (loss) on the disposal of fi xed assets (non-recurring disposals: land. buildings. non current fi nancial assets) |
6.2 | 1.1 |
| Other income (expense) on management transactions (net) |
||
| Exceptional provision (charges) reversals |
(2.0) | (2.0) |
| EXCEPTIONAL GAIN (LOSS) | 4.2 | (0.9) |
Note 13 – Income taxes
BREAKDOWN OF TAX EXPENSE
| 2010 | 2009 | |
|---|---|---|
| Current tax charge for the year | (13.1) | (30.5) |
| Tax supplements or reductions for prior years |
(1.2) | 0.6 |
| Deferred tax | (0.9) | (0.2) |
| INCOME TAXES | (13.4) | (30.1) |
BREAKDOWN OF TAX CHARGE BETWEEN CURRENT PROFIT AND EXCEPTIONAL PROFIT
| Profi t before tax |
Tax due | Net profi t after tax |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Current profi t (after profi t sharing) |
276.6 | (11.2) | 265.4 |
| Exceptional income (expense) |
4.2 | (2.2) | 2.0 |
| TOTAL | 280.8 | (13.4) | 267.4 |
BREAKDOWN OF DEFERRED TAX
| Temporary differences |
|
|---|---|
| Non-current assets | (8.5) |
| Current assets | 2.9 |
| Provisions for contingencies and losses, temporarily not deductible |
23.1 |
| Debt | |
| Tax losses available for carry-forward | |
| Total deferred tax bases | 17.5 |
| Tax rate | 34.43% |
| DEFERRED TAX AT FISCAL YEAR END | 6.0 |
| Deferred tax at the beginning of the year | 5.1 |
| Deferred tax (income) expense | 0.9 |
Colas is a member of the tax consolidation group of Bouygues.
Note 14 – Impact of derogatory tax-driven provisions on profi t
| Net profi t for the year | 267.4 |
|---|---|
| Amounts charged for the year to tax-driven provisions | (2.7) |
| Reversals for year of tax-driven provisions | 0.7 |
| Impact on tax | |
| NET PROFIT EXCLUDING THE IMPACT OF TAX DRIVEN PROVISIONS ON PROFIT |
265.4 |
Note 15 – Off balance sheet commitments
FINANCE LEASE
None.
OTHER COMMITMENTS
| Guarantees | Letters of intent |
Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subsidiaries and affi liates |
0.2 | 7.8 | 8.0 |
| Other related companies |
1.2 | 1.2 | |
| Third parties | 28.9 | 0.1 | 29.0 |
| Commitments given | 29.1 | 9.1 | 38.2 |
| Commitments received |
– | – | – |
The Company issued a guarantee for 2010 pursuant to article 17 of the Companies (Amendment) Act 1986 of Ireland in favor of the following companies: Colas Teoranta, Road Maintenance Services Ltd, Colas Building Products Ltd, Cold Chon (Galway) Ltd, Colfi x (Dublin) Ltd, Colas Construction Ltd, Road Binders Ltd, Chemoran Ltd and Atlantic Bitumen Company Ltd.
COLLATERAL GRANTED IN RESPECT OF DEBTS
None.
Note 16 – Workforce and remuneration of executive bodies
| Average workforce | 2010 | 2009 |
|---|---|---|
| Managers and engineers | 236 | 237 |
| Clerical and technical | 75 | 80 |
| Site workers | – | – |
| TOTAL | 311 | 317 |
ADVANCE PAYMENTS AND LOANS GRANTED TO EMPLOYEES
None.
COMPENSATION AWARDED TO MEMBERS OF THE EXECUTIVE BODIES
Hervé Le Bouc
Total gross compensation (including benefi ts in kind but excluding variable compensation) paid by the Bouygues Group and re-billed to Colas in respect of his duties as a Group senior executive in 2010 to Mr. Hervé Le Bouc, Chairman and Chief Executive Offi cer, amounted to 924,100 euros (unchanged against 2009). Gross variable compensation for 2010 established in relation to quantitative and qualitative targets to be paid in 2011 will be 650,716 euros (900,000 euros in 2009). He received an amount of 20,000 euros in Director's fees from Colas in 2010.
Mr. Hervé Le Bouc benefi ts from a supplementary pension plan as a member of the General Management Committee of Bouygues which represents 0.92% of yearly compensation per year of seniority in the said plan with a ceiling amounting to eight times that of French Social Security. This supplementary pension plan has not been posted as a provision since this plan consists of an insurance contract subscribed with an external organization and is governed by the procedure for regulated agreements.
The amount of Directors' fees paid by Colas and its subsidiaries to the Directors of Colas in 2010 amounted to 180,000 euros (including the amount paid to the Chairman and Chief Executive Offi cer).
Note 17 – Fees paid to the Statutory Auditors
| Mazars | KPMG | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2010 | 2009 | 2010 | 2009 | ||
| Statutory audit and certifi cation of annual fi nancial |
|||||
| statements | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
| TOTAL | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
| in millions of euros | Share | Other | % | Value of securities Loans and advances |
Guarantees | Revenue | Net | Dividends | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| capital | equity | held | Gross | Net | granted | provided | 2010 | income 2010 |
received in 2010 |
|
| 1. Subsidiaries France | ||||||||||
| Colas Centre-Ouest | 3.3 | 17.5 | 99.9 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 35.0 | 335.5 | (4.0) | – | |
| Colas Île-de-France – Normandie | 19.7 | 13.6 | 99.9 | 19.7 | 19.7 | 8.0 | 525.8 | 1.6 | 4.5 | |
| Colas Nord-Picardie | 2.9 | 13.5 | 99.9 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.0 | 208.7 | 2.0 | 1.5 | |
| Colas Est | 10.4 | 14.2 | 99.9 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 13.0 | 327.6 | 3.9 | 2.5 | |
| Colas Rhône-Alpes – Auvergne | 12.9 | 63.8 | 99.9 | 36.1 | 36.1 | 20.0 | 408.6 | 7.3 | 5.0 | |
| Colas Midi-Méditerranée | 6.9 | 35.8 | 99.9 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 374.3 | 11.9 | 11.6 | ||
| Colas Sud-Ouest | 6.9 | 17.5 | 99.9 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 20.0 | 331.2 | 5.5 | 3.5 | |
| Aximum | 34.1 | (12.0) | 99.9 | 35.1 | 35.1 | 10.0 | 341.4 | (24.8) | – | |
| Screg Ouest | 11.7 | 4.5 | 99.9 | 21.0 | 21.0 | 23.0 | 258.0 | (2.9) | – | |
| Screg Île-de-France – Normandie | 8.8 | 17.9 | 99.9 | 24.7 | 24.7 | 287.4 | 3.7 | 3.8 | ||
| Screg Nord-Picardie | 12.1 | 15.9 | 99.9 | 19.7 | 19.7 | 2.0 | 189.6 | 2.7 | 3.4 | |
| Screg Est | 13.4 | 17.7 | 99.9 | 30.8 | 30.8 | 20.0 | 349.7 | 4.4 | 3.5 | |
| Screg Sud-est | 8.3 | 20.3 | 99.9 | 23.7 | 23.7 | 4.0 | 322.9 | 4.3 | 3.6 | |
| Screg Sud-Ouest | 9.0 | 15.9 | 99.9 | 20.2 | 20.2 | 10.0 | 263.3 | 4.6 | 6.5 | |
| Sacer Atlantique | 4.4 | 8.0 | 99.9 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 21.0 | 254.3 | (2.5) | 0.3 | |
| Sacer Paris – Nord-Est | 4.8 | 10.5 | 99.9 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 3.5 | 188.7 | 2.7 | 2.0 | |
| Sacer Sud-Est | 5.1 | 11.4 | 99.9 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 240.6 | 3.5 | 3.0 | ||
| Spac | 5.1 | 15.3 | 99.9 | 14.3 | 14.3 | 266.6 | 5.6 | 1.5 | ||
| Smac | 4.3 | 30.6 | 99.9 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 591.0 | 8.2 | 8.0 | ||
| Colas Rail | 40.3 | 63.4 | 100.0 | 266.4 | 266.4 | 25.0 | 557.8 | 12.4 | – | |
| Société de la Raffi nerie de Dunkerque |
40.7 | 0.9 | 100.0 | 21.2 | 21.2 | 37.2 | 0.5 | – | ||
| Développement Infrastructures | 0.2 | 0.6 | 100.0 | 7.9 | 7.9 | – | 0.3 | 0.5 | ||
| GTOI | 0.8 | 15.3 | 100.0 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 146.6 | (0.9) | 2.0 | ||
| Colas Réunion Industries | 4.0 | 16.4 | 100.0 | 30.3 | 30.3 | – | (0.1) | – | ||
| SBEG | 7.5 | 13.1 | 100.0 | 7.6 | 7.6 | 27.6 | 6.5 | 4.3 | ||
| Gouyer | 2.0 | 4.3 | 96.9 | 48.0 | 48.0 | 4.1 | 2.6 | – | ||
| Other French subsidiaries | 10.2 | 10.2 | 101.9 | – | – | 2.1 | ||||
| Total subsidiaries France | 691.1 | 691.1 | 318.4 | 73.1 | ||||||
| 2. Affi liates – France | ||||||||||
| Cofi route | 158.3 | 1,990.9 | 16.6 | 10.9 | 10.9 | – | – | 30.8 | ||
| Other affi liates – France | 9.5 | 9.5 | 8.3 | – | – | – | ||||
| Total affi liates – France | 20.4 | 20.4 | 8.3 | 30.8 | ||||||
| 3. Foreign subsidiaries and affi liates |
||||||||||
| Foreign subsidiaries | 558.2 | 458.1 | 43.9 | 0.2 | – | – | 159.0 | |||
| Foreign affi liates | 73.0 | 47.2 | – | – | – | – | – | |||
| TOTAL | 1,342.7 | 1.216.8 | 370.6 | 0.2 | 262.9 |
Note 18 – Subsidiaries and affi liates
| Note 19 – List of subsidiaries, affi liates and marketable securities | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ----------------------------------------------------------------------- | -- | -- | -- |
| Name | Number of securities |
Book value in thousands of euros |
|---|---|---|
| Colas Centre-Ouest | 3,299,995 | 3,354 |
| Colas Île-de-France – Normandie | 19,739,195 | 19,726 |
| Colas Nord-Picardie | 2,849,994 | 2,897 |
| Colas Est | 10,393,969 | 10,193 |
| Colas Rhône-Alpes – Auvergne | 12,925,960 | 36,061 |
| Colas Midi-Méditerranée | 6,899,994 | 6,123 |
| Colas Sud-Ouest | 6,938,747 | 5,848 |
| Société de la Raffi nerie de Dunkerque | 2,670,000 | 21,187 |
| Aximum | 34,071,094 | 35,129 |
| Screg Ouest | 11,674,994 | 21,007 |
| Screg Île-de-France – Normandie | 8,799,994 | 24,697 |
| Screg Nord-Picardie | 12,108,494 | 19,739 |
| Screg Est | 13,439,994 | 30,795 |
| Screg Sud-Est | 8,353,938 | 23,678 |
| Screg Sud-Ouest | 8,999,994 | 20,227 |
| Sacer Atlantique | 4,349,994 | 4,421 |
| Sacer Paris – Nord-Est | 4,799,992 | 4,878 |
| Sacer Sud-Est | 5,099,994 | 5,183 |
| Spac | 5,099,994 | 14,330 |
| Smac | 4,299,994 | 9,930 |
| Sobib | 3,924,050 | 3,907 |
| Adelac | 859,050 | 8,590 |
| Colas Rail | 40,312,756 | 266,385 |
| Développement Infrastructures | 50,000 | 7,932 |
| Grands Travaux de l'Océan Indien (GTOI) | 799,964 | 1,381 |
| Colas Réunion Industries | 5,000 | 30,300 |
| Société des Bitumes et Émulsions Guyanaises | 7,500,000 | 7,644 |
| Colas Martinique | 799,999 | 762 |
| Colas Guadeloupe | 759,999 | 616 |
| Gouyer | 124,436 | 48,033 |
| Cofi route | 676,401 | 10,937 |
| Blanchard | 119,999 | 425 |
| Société Parisienne d'Études d'Informatique et de Gestion | 790,345 | 944 |
| Colasie | 624,225 | 634 |
| Colas Environnement et Recyclage | 160,000 | 312 |
| Mars | 340 | 816 |
| Les Scop | 1,000 | 1,029 |
| 43-45, rue R. Witchiz | 500 | 225 |
| 18, rue Nouvelle | 500 | 772 |
| Mouche | 1,000 | 227 |
| Other stakes in French companies | – | 186 |
| Other stakes in foreign companies | – | 505,339 |
| Total subsidiaries | 1,216,799 | |
| Other securities held in French companies | 26 | |
| Other securities held in foreign companies | 2 | |
| Total other non-current fi nancial assets | 28 | |
| Certifi cates of deposit | – | |
| SICAV mutual funds | – | |
| Total marketable securities | 0 | |
| TOTAL SUBSIDIARIES, AFFILIATES AND MARKETABLE SECURITIES | 1,216,827 |
Results of the Company for the last fi ve fi scal years
| in thousands of euros | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Share capital at the end of the fi scal year | |||||
| Share capital | 48,560 | 48,575 | 48,820 | 48,903 | 48,937 |
| Number of shares issued | 32,373,450 | 32,516,685 | 32,546,671 | 32,601,789 | 32,624,790 |
| Number of bonds convertible into shares | None | None | None | None | None |
| Operations and results for the fi scal year | |||||
| Revenue excluding tax | 395,147 | 447,005 | 739,587 | 573,294 | 576,703 |
| Profi t before tax, depreciation, amortization and provisions |
268,684 | 314,692 | 385,752 | 405,952 | 378,508 |
| Income taxes | 26,729 | 27,417 | 28,903 | 30,095 | 13,385 |
| Profi t sharing for the fi scal year | 1,197 | 1,490 | 1,766 | 1,729 | 1,405 |
| Profi t after tax, depreciation, amortization and provisions |
232,462 | 278,477 | 327,745 | 329,061 | 267,456 |
| Distributed profi t | 207,190 | 276,392 | 284,783 | 220,062 | 205,536 (1) |
| Earnings per share in euros | |||||
| Profi t after tax but before depreciation. amortization and provisions |
7.47 | 8.83 | 10.96 | 11.53 | 11.19 |
| Profi t after tax, depreciation, amortization and provisions |
7.18 | 8.56 | 10.07 | 10.09 | 8.20 |
| Dividend per share in euros | 6.40 | 8.50 | 8.75 | 6.75 | 6.30 (1) |
| Workforce | |||||
| Average workforce | 1,350 | 295 | 311 | 317 | 311 |
| Total payroll | 45,244 | 49,104 | 45,671 | 45,327 | 44,352 |
| Amounts paid in respect of social benefi ts (social security, etc.) |
20,590 | 18,872 | 15,002 | 13,524 | 15,393 |
(1) 2010 dividend: subject to the approval of the Shareholders' Meeting of April 15, 2011.
Report of the Statutory Auditors on Colas fi nancial statements
(Fiscal year ended December 31, 2010)
To the Shareholders,
In accordance with our appointment as Statutory Auditors by your Shareholders' Meeting, we hereby report to you for the year ended December 31, 2010 on:
– the audit of the accompanying fi nancial statements of Colas;
– the justifi cation of our assessments;
– the specifi c procedures and disclosures required by law.
These fi nancial statements have been approved by the Board of Directors. Our role is to express an opinion on these fi nancial statements, based on our audit.
1 – OPINION ON THE INDIVIDUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
We conducted our audit in accordance with professional standards applicable in France. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the fi nancial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis or by other sampling methods, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the fi nancial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and signifi cant estimates made by the management, as well as evaluating the overall fi nancial statements presentation. We believe that the data we have collected is suffi cient and appropriate to be used as a basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the fi nancial statements give a true and fair view of the fi nancial position and the assets and liabilities of the Company as of December 31, 2010 and of the results of its operations for the year then ended, in accordance with French accounting regulations.
2 – JUSTIFICATION OF OUR ASSESSMENTS
In accordance with the requirements of article L. 823-9 of the French Code of commerce relating to the justifi cation of our assessments, we hereby report on the following matters.
As indicated in note 2 of the individual fi nancial statements, the investment securities held by Colas are recognized at their acquisition cost less any impairment deemed necessary determined based on their value in use. In the course of our work, we obtained assurance as to the coherence and consistency of the assumptions used and the calculation methods retained.
The assessments on these matters were made in the context of our audit approach to the fi nancial statements taken as a whole and therefore contributed to the opinion expressed in the fi rst part of this report.
3 – SPECIFIC PROCEDURES AND DISCLOSURES
We also performed, in accordance with professional standards applicable in France, specifi c verifi cations required by law.
We have no matters to report regarding the fair presentation and consistency with the fi nancial statements of the information given in the management report of the Board of Directors and in the documents addressed to shareholders with respect to the fi nancial position and the individual fi nancial statements.
With regard to the information disclosed pursuant to the provisions of article L. 225-102-1 of the French Code of commerce on remuneration and benefi ts granted to Company offi cers in addition to any commitments made in their favor, we have verifi ed their consistency with the fi nancial statements or with the data that was used to prepare the fi nancial statements, and, if applicable, with the data obtained by your Company from the companies that control or are controlled by your Company. On the basis of this work, in our opinion, this information is true and fairly presented.
Pursuant to the law, we have verifi ed that the management report contains the appropriate disclosures as to the acquisition of ownership interests and control and the identity of shareholders.
Paris – La Défense and Courbevoie, February 28, 2011
| The Statutory Auditors | ||
|---|---|---|
| KPMG Audit A division of KPMG SA |
MAZARS | |
| Xavier Fournet Partner |
Gilles Rainaut Gaël Lamant Partner |
Partner |
Special report of the Statutory Auditors on related party agreements and commitments
(Fiscal year ended December 31, 2010)
To the Shareholders,
In our capacity as Statutory Auditors of your Company, we hereby report on related party agreements and commitments.
We are required to inform you, on the basis of the information provided to us, of the terms and conditions of those agreements and commitments indicated to us, or that we may have discovered. We are not required to comment as to whether they are benefi cial or appropriate, nor to search for the existence of other agreements and commitments. It is your responsibility, in accordance with article R. 225-31 of the French Code of commerce, to evaluate the benefi ts resulting from these agreements and commitments prior to their approval.
Moreover, we are required to provide you with the information as stipulated in article R. 225-31 of the French Code of commerce regarding the execution of all agreements and commitments already approved by the General Shareholders' Meeting.
We performed those procedures which we considered necessary to comply with professional guidance issued by the French Institute of Statutory Auditors (Compagnie nationale des commissaires aux comptes) relating to this type of engagement. These procedures consisted in verifying that the information provided to us is consistent with the documentation from which it has been extracted.
AGREEMENTS AND COMMITMENTS SUBMITTED FOR APPROVAL BY THE SHAREHOLDERS' MEETING
Agreements and commitments authorized during the fi scal year
Pursuant to article L. 225-40 of the French Code of commerce, we were informed of the following agreements and commitments which had received prior authorization by the Board of Directors.
• Agreement as to the distribution of contractual compensation as part of the cancellation of the Tram Train partnership contract by the Reunion Region
On August 30, 2010, the Board of Directors of Colas authorized the signature of an agreement between Colas, Colas Rail and GTOI, pursuant to which Colas and its subsidiary GTOI agreed to pay compensation to Colas Rail up to a maximum of 1 million euros in compensation for the cancellation of the Tram Train partnership.
The expenses thereby recognized for the fi scal year ending December 31, 2010 by Colas amounted to 700,000 euros excluding VAT.
Directors concerned: Hervé Le Bouc, Thierry Montouché and Christian de Pins.
AGREEMENTS WHICH HAD RECEIVED PRIOR AUTHORIZATION BY THE SHAREHOLDERS' MEETING
Pursuant to article R. 225-30 of the French Code of commerce, we inform you that the following agreements, which had been previously authorized by prior Shareholders' Meetings, continued to be in effect during the last fi scal year.
Agreement which had not received prior authorization for renewal by the Board of Directors for fi scal 2010
Pursuant to articles L. 225-42 and L. 823-12 of the French Code of commerce, we inform you that the following agreement did not receive prior authorization by the Board of Directors.
We are required to inform you of the reasons for which the authorization procedure was not fulfi lled.
• Shared services
The shared services agreement signed between Bouygues and Colas, for which Bouygues provides sub-groups with services, in particular in the fi eld of management, human resources, information technology and fi nance, continued to be applied in 2010.
This agreement has already been approved by prior Shareholders' Meetings. The corresponding expenses recognized during the fi scal year ending December 31, 2009 amounted to 16,222,006 euros excluding VAT.
The renewal of the said agreement for 2010 did not receive prior authorization by the Board of Directors because of a simple omission.
The corresponding expenses recognized during the fi scal year ended December 31, 2010 amounted to 16,103,996 euros excluding VAT.
Directors concerned: François Bertière, Hervé Le Bouc, Olivier Bouygues, Jean-François Guillemin and Bouygues SA, represented by Philippe Marien.
Agreements which had received, if required, prior authorization for renewal from the Board of Directors for fi scal 2010
• Use of aircraft
The Board of Directors' meeting of November 25, 2009 authorized the renewal of the agreement with Bouygues SA regarding the use of aircraft.
Moreover, in order to improve the conditions of use of these aircraft, the Board of Directors' meeting of May 27, 2009 authorized a change in the fi nancial conditions with effect from June 2, 2009.
The amount of the expense recognized in the fi nancial statements for the year ended December 31, 2010 by Colas in respect of this agreement amounted to 733,356 euros excluding VAT.
Directors concerned: François Bertière, Hervé Le Bouc, Olivier Bouygues, Jean-François Guillemin and Bouygues SA, represented by Philippe Marien.
• Cash management
On January 25, 2010 and September 1, 2010, an agreement and a rider were signed with Bouygues Relais, a Bouygues Company, for an amount of 750 million euros, until March 1, 2011.
The agreement and the rider were authorized by the Board of Directors on November 25, 2009 and August 30, 2010.
In this regard, Bouygues Relais had an amount of 30 million euros on December 31, 2010, outstanding as borrower with respect to Colas. Moreover, transactions carried out in fi scal 2010 generated a net expense of 2,715,431 euros.
Directors concerned: François Bertière, Hervé Le Bouc, Olivier Bouygues and Bouygues SA, represented by Philippe Marien.
• Tax consolidation
The tax consolidation agreement signed on December 19, 2000 between Colas and Bouygues SA continued to apply in 2010.
The Board of Directors' meeting of September 1, 2006 authorized the renewal of this agreement until the end of fi scal year 2012.
This agreement governs the apportionment of tax expenses within the consolidated group constituted by the parent company Bouygues SA, pursuant to article 223-A of the French General Tax Code, attributing to Colas tax expenses that it is jointly liable to pay. As part of the agreement, Colas authorized Bouygues SA to become solely liable to pay the corporate income tax of Colas, with regard to determining the net profi t of the Group as a whole.
Directors concerned: François Bertière, Hervé Le Bouc, Olivier Bouygues, Jean-François Guillemin and Bouygues SA, represented by Philippe Marien.
• Supplemental defi ned benefi t pension scheme
The Board of Directors' meeting of November 25, 2009 authorized the renewal, for fi scal year 2010, of the agreement relating to the collective supplemental defi ned benefi t pension scheme reviewed by the Board meeting of October 30, 2007, of which Hervé Le Bouc is benefi ciary:
– the amount of the additional annuity is 0.92% of the reference salary per year of membership of the scheme;
– contributions by the Company, that are made to the fund constituted by the insurer, vary based on the rights acquired by the benefi ciary and the expected returns of the amounts invested.
The amount of the contribution paid by Colas for fi scal year 2010 amounts to 145,479 euros excluding VAT. Director concerned: Hervé Le Bouc.
• Supplemental defi ned contribution pension scheme
On November 25, 2009, the Board of Directors authorized the renewal for fi scal 2010 of the agreement relating to the membership of a defi ned contribution pension scheme reviewed by the Board of Directors' meeting of February 21, 2007, of which two Directors having the status of employees are benefi ciaries.
The employer's contribution to this scheme amounted to 4% of the total remuneration of the respective employees (fi xed and variable remuneration). The corresponding amount of the expense for 2010 recognized in the accounts of Colas was 34,510 euros excluding VAT.
Directors concerned: Thierry Genestar and Thierry Montouché.
• Corporate communication campaign
The Board of Directors' meeting of August 27, 2008 authorized Colas to participate in Bouygues SA's corporate communication campaign carried out in 2008 and 2009; the business lines were involved in this operation.
The amount recognized in respect of Colas' participation in this campaign was 2,700,000 euros excluding VAT in 2008, 673,169 euros excluding VAT in 2009 and 265,922 euros in 2010.
Directors concerned: François Bertière, Hervé Le Bouc, Olivier Bouygues, Jean-François Guillemin and Bouygues SA, represented by Philippe Marien.
Moreover, we have been informed that the following agreements and commitments which were approved in prior years were not executed during fi scal 2010.
• Sub-license for Magnitude software
The agreement made in 2005 between Bouygues and Colas relating to a sub-license to use Magnitude consolidation software was maintained in 2010.
No amount was billed in connection with this agreement in 2010.
AGREEMENTS AND COMMITMENTS AUTHORIZED DURING THE LAST FISCAL YEAR AND NOT PUT FORWARD FOR APPROVAL AT THE NEXT SHAREHOLDERS' MEETING
Pursuant to article L. 225-40 of the French Code of commerce, we were informed of the following agreements and commitments which had received prior authorization by the Board of Directors during the last fi scal year.
These agreements, authorized for a period of one year as of January 1, 2011, are without execution during the last fi scal year and will be put forward for approval by the Shareholders' Meeting held to approve the 2011 fi nancial statements:
– Use of aircraft;
– Supplemental defi ned benefi t pension scheme;
– Shared services.
Paris – La Défense and Courbevoie, February 28, 2011
The Statutory Auditors
| KPMG Audit | MAZARS | |
|---|---|---|
| A division of KPMG SA | ||
| Xavier Fournet | Gilles Rainaut Gaël Lamant | |
| Partner | Partner | Partner |
Report of the Statutory Auditors on the transactions in share capital relating to the 16th, 17th, 18th, 19th and 20th resolutions of the Extraordinary Shareholders' Meeting of April 15, 2011
(Extraordinary Shareholders' Meeting of April 15, 2011)
To the Shareholders,
In our capacity as Statutory Auditors of your Company and pursuant to the terms of the French Code of commerce, we hereby present our report on the operations submitted for your approval.
1 – REDUCTION OF SHARE CAPITAL BY RETIRING TREASURY SHARES OWNED BY THE COMPANY (16TH RESOLUTION)
Pursuant to article L. 225-209 of the French Code of commerce on the decrease in share capital by the cancellation of a company's own shares, we hereby report on our assessment of the reasons for and conditions of the proposed decrease in share capital.
Your Board of Directors requests the delegation of all powers, for a period of eighteen months, to cancel the shares, purchased following the granting of authority by your Company to purchase its own shares, up to a maximum of 0.96% of its share capital and by 24-month periods starting from the date of this Shareholders' Meeting.
We performed the procedures that we deemed necessary in accordance with the professional guidelines of the French Institute of Statutory Auditors (Compagnie nationale des commissaires aux comptes) relating to this type of engagement. These procedures consisted in reviewing the fairness of the reasons for and conditions of the proposed decrease in share capital.
We have no comments on the reasons for and conditions of the proposed decrease in share capital.
2 – CAPITAL INCREASE THROUGH THE ISSUE, WITH OR WITHOUT PREFERENTIAL SUBSCRIPTION RIGHTS, OF SHARES AND/ OR SECURITIES GIVING ACCESS TO THE COMPANY'S SHARE CAPITAL (17TH, 18TH AND 19TH RESOLUTIONS)
Pursuant to articles L. 225-135, L. 225-136 and L. 228-92 of the French Code of commerce, we present our report on the proposals to grant the Board of Directors the authority to decide one or more capital increases by issuing ordinary shares and/or securities granting access to share capital which will be subject to your approval.
Your Board of Directors proposes, on the basis of its report, that you grant it, for a period of twenty-six months, the authority to enter into the transactions described below and to set the fi nal terms thereof, and also proposes that you waive your preferential subscription rights as appropriate:
– issue ordinary shares and/or securities granting access to your Company's share capital with preferential subscription rights (17th resolution);
– issue ordinary shares and/or securities granting access to your Company's share capital excluding preferential subscription rights (18th resolution).
The total nominal amount of the capital increases that may be made immediately or at a later date pursuant to 17th, 18th and 19th resolutions shall not exceed 20 million euros.
The number of securities to be created if the authorizations granted under 17th and 18th resolutions are exercised may be increased by as much as 15% and subjected to the terms of 19th resolution.
Your Board of Directors must prepare a report in compliance with articles R. 225-113, R. 225-114 and R. 225- 117 of the French Code of commerce. It is our role to give our opinion on the fair presentation of accounting fi gures taken from fi nancial statements, on the proposal to exclude preferential subscription rights and on various information concerning these transactions provided in this report.
For this purpose we have performed the work that we deemed was necessary in accordance with the relevant rules and recommendations of the French Statutory Auditors' board (Compagnie nationale des commissaires aux comptes). This work consisted in verifying the content of the Board of Directors' report relating to these transactions and the method used to determine the price of the equity securities to be issued.
Subject to the subsequent review of the terms of issuing any equity securities that may be decided, we have no observations concerning the method used to determine the issue price of the ordinary shares or securities to be issued as presented in the Board of Directors' report.
Since the issue price of the equity securities to be issued has not been set, we cannot give our opinion on the fi nal terms under which the capital increases would be made, and consequently on the proposal to exclude preferential subscription rights presented in 18th resolution.
Pursuant to article R. 225-116 of the French Code of commerce, we will provide a supplementary report as appropriate in the event your Board of Directors decides to exercise these authorizations for any issue of ordinary shares without preferential subscription rights and securities giving access to the company's share capital.
3 – CAPITAL INCREASE RESERVED FOR EMPLOYEES WITHOUT PREFERENTIAL SUBSCRIPTION RIGHTS, PURSUANT TO ARTICLES L. 225.138 OF THE FRENCH CODE OF COMMERCE AND L. 3332-18 ET SEQ. OF THE FRENCH LABOR CODE (20TH RESOLUTION)
In compliance with articles L. 225-135 et seq. of the French Code of commerce, we hereby present you with our report on the resolution to grant the Board of Directors the authority to increase share capital, excluding preferential subscription rights up to a maximum amount of 10% of share capital on the day of the exercise of this authorization.
These capital increases are subject to your approval pursuant to articles L. 225-129-6 of the French Code of commerce and L. 3332-18 et seq. of the French Labor Code.
Your Board of Directors proposes, on the basis of its report, that you grant it, for a period of twenty-six months, the authority to make one or more capital increases and that you waive your preferential subscription rights. If the capital increase is made, the Board shall determine the fi nal terms for this transaction.
It is the responsibility of the Board of Directors to prepare a report in accordance with articles R. 225-113 and R. 225-114 of the French Code of commerce. Our role is to express an opinion on the fairness of the proposal to exclude preferential subscription rights and on other information relating to the issuance, provided in this report.
For this purpose we have performed the work that we deemed necessary in accordance with the relevant rules and recommendations of the French Statutory Auditors' board (Compagnie nationale des commissaires aux comptes). This work consisted in verifying the content of the Board of Directors' report relating to this transaction and the method used to determine the issue price.
Subject to the subsequent review of the terms of any capital increase that may be decided, we have no observations concerning the method used to determine the issue price as presented in the Board of Directors' report.
Since the issue price of the equity securities has not been set, we cannot give our opinion on the terms under which the capital increases would be made and consequently on the proposal to exclude preferential subscription rights.
Pursuant to article R. 225-116 of the French Code of commerce, we will provide a supplementary report in the event your Board of Directors decides to exercise this authorization.
Paris – La Défense and Courbevoie, March 18, 2011
The Statutory Auditors
| KPMG Audit A division of KPMG SA |
MAZARS | |
|---|---|---|
| Xavier Fournet Partner |
Gilles Rainaut Gaël Lamant Partner |
Partner |
| Ordinary Meeting resolutions | 130 |
|---|---|
| Extraordinary Meeting resolutions | 133 |
RESOLUTIONS
Ordinary Meeting resolutions
First resolution
APPROVAL OF THE INDIVIDUAL COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The Shareholders' Meeting, after the reading of the Board's management report and the Statutory Auditors' general report, approves the Company's fi nancial statements for fi scal year 2010 – which include the balance sheet, the income statement and the notes, and which show a profi t of 267,456,301.95 euros – and the transactions refl ected in these statements and which are summarized in these reports.
The Shareholders' Meeting grants full discharge to the Directors for their management.
The Shareholders' Meeting recognizes that the expenses specifi ed in articles 39-4 and 223 quater of the General Tax Code, and which are subject to corporate income tax, totaled 9,999 euros in fi scal year 2010.
Second resolution
APPROVAL OF THE ANNUAL CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The Shareholders' Meeting, after the reading of the Board's management report and the Statutory Auditors' general report, approves the annual consolidated fi nancial statements for fi scal year 2010 – which include the balance sheet, the income statement and the notes, and which show a net profi t attributable to the Group of 223,839,000 euros – and the transactions refl ected in these fi nancial statements and which are summarized in these reports.
Third resolution
EARNINGS AND EARNINGS APPROPRIATION
The Shareholders' Meeting approves the Board of Director's proposal to appropriate earnings as follows:
| Earnings for the year: | €267,456,301.95 |
|---|---|
| Plus prior unappropriated earnings: | €386,238,994.56 |
| Total unappropriated earnings: | €653,695,296.51 |
| – to the legal reserve: | €3,450.15 |
| – dividend payout: | €205,536,177.00 |
| – balance of unappropriated earnings: | €448,155,669.36 |
The dividend of 6.30 euros per share shall be paid by Colas, the issuing company, as of April 28, 2011. For share holders who pay income tax in France, this dividend per share is eligible for a 40% tax rebate pursuant to article 243 bis of the General Tax Code.
The Shareholders' Meeting decides that this dividend may be paid in cash or in shares, as preferred by the shareholder, in accordance with the following terms:
– the issue price of the new shares will be 95% of Colas' average opening share price during the twenty trading days prior to the date of this Shareholders' Meeting, minus the net dividend amount;
– shareholders may request that dividend payment correspond to only a portion of the dividend due, but his or her request must relate to a whole number of shares;
– when the dividend amount to be paid in shares does not amount to a whole number of shares, the shareholder shall receive the number of shares immediately below this whole number and the balance in cash;
– shareholders may inform the Company of their decision to receive their net dividend payment in cash and/or in shares between April 28, 2011 and May 19, 2011, inclusive. After this period, the dividend shall be paid exclusively in cash;
– shareholders who exercise their option to receive their dividend payment in shares shall receive new shares with rights accruing as of January 1, 2011;
– the Shareholders' Meeting grants full powers to the Board of Directors to carry out the above decisions, to conduct all transactions associated with exercising the option and the resulting increase in capital and to modify article 6 of the by-laws accordingly.
As required by law, we remind you that the following dividends were paid during the past three fi scal years on shares with a par value of 1.50 euros:
| Year | Dividend |
|---|---|
| 2007 | €8.50 |
| 2008 | €8.75 |
| 2009 | €6.75 |
Fourth resolution
APPROVAL OF THE AGREEMENTS AND TRANSACTIONS SPECIFIED IN ARTICLES L. 225-38 ET SEQ. OF THE FRENCH CODE OF COMMERCE
The Shareholders' Meeting, on the basis of the Statutory Auditors' special report concerning the agreements and transactions specifi ed in articles L. 225-38 et seq. of the French Code of Commerce, approves all such agreements and transactions mentioned in this report.
Fifth resolution
REAPPOINTMENT OF A DIRECTOR
The Shareholders' Meeting renews Mr Hervé Le Bouc's appointment to the Board for a term of two years that shall expire upon the Annual Shareholders' Meeting to be called to approve the fi nancial statements for fi scal year 2012.
Sixth resolution
REAPPOINTMENT OF A DIRECTOR
The Shareholders' Meeting renews Mr Christian Balmes' appointment to the Board for a term of two years that shall expire upon the Annual Shareholders' Meeting to be called to approve the fi nancial statements for fi scal year 2012.
Seventh resolution
REAPPOINTMENT OF A DIRECTOR
The Shareholders' Meeting renews Mr François Bertière's appointment to the Board for a term of two years that shall expire upon the Annual Shareholders' Meeting to be called to approve the fi nancial statements for fi scal year 2012.
Eighth resolution
REAPPOINTMENT OF A DIRECTOR
The Shareholders' Meeting renews Mr Olivier Bouygues' appointment to the Board for a term of two years that shall expire upon the Annual Shareholders' Meeting to be called to approve the fi nancial statements for fi scal year 2012.
Ninth resolution
REAPPOINTMENT OF A DIRECTOR
The Shareholders' Meeting renews Mr Thierry Genestar's appointment to the Board for a term of two years that shall expire upon the Annual Shareholders' Meeting to be called to approve the fi nancial statements for fi scal year 2012.
Tenth resolution
REAPPOINTMENT OF A DIRECTOR
The Shareholders' Meeting renews Mr Thierry Montouché's appointment to the Board for a term of two years that shall expire upon the Annual Shareholders' Meeting to be called to approve the fi nancial statements for fi scal year 2012.
Eleventh resolution
REAPPOINTMENT OF A DIRECTOR
The Shareholders' Meeting renews Bouygues' appointment to the Board for a term of two years that shall expire upon the Annual Shareholders' Meeting to be called to approve the fi nancial statements for fi scal year 2012.
Twelfth resolution
APPOINTMENT OF A DIRECTOR
The Shareholders' Meeting appoints Mr Jacques Leost to the Board for a term of two years to expire at the Annual Shareholders' Meeting to be called to approve the fi nancial statements for fi scal year 2012.
Thirteenth resolution
APPOINTMENT OF A DIRECTOR
The Shareholders' Meeting appoints Ms Colette Lewiner to the Board for a term of two years to expire at the Annual Shareholders' Meeting to be called to approve the fi nancial statements for fi scal year 2012.
Fourteenth resolution
AUTHORIZATION TO BE GRANTED TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS TO ALLOW THE COMPANY TO CARRY OUT TRANSACTIONS IN ITS OWN SHARES
The Shareholders' Meeting, which meets the quorum and majority requirements for Annual Shareholders' Meetings, pursuant to articles L. 255-209 et seq. of the French Code of commerce and to the provisions of the European regulation of December 22, 2003 no. 2273/2003 and title IV of Book II of the general regulations of the AMF (Autorité des Marchés Financiers):
– authorizes the Board of Directors to purchase shares subject to a maximum of 315,251 shares, and shall at all times comply with the maximum ownership threshold defi ned in article L. 225-210 of the French Code of commerce;
– decides that the main objectives of this program shall be (i) the eventual retirement of the shares bought back, provided this has been authorized by an Extraordinary Shareholders' Meeting, (ii) ensuring if needed liquidity of shares held by employees as part of an Employee Savings Plan, with the understanding that the achievement of these objectives shall need to comply with applicable laws and regulations;
– decides that the acquisition, sale or transfer by the Company of its own shares may be carried out by any means and that the Board of Directors may buy back shares, on one or more occasions, through market or off-market transactions, over-the-counter trades or otherwise, notably by way of block purchases, including the use of derivatives, and at any time, in particular during a public offering period, within the limits prescribed by applicable regulations. However, the Board of Directors shall need to ensure that the volatility of the Company's share is not enhanced through its actions. The portion of the program that may be carried out through block trades is not limited and may correspond to the entire program;
– decides that the Board of Directors may retire all or a portion of the shares bought back under terms and conditions and to the extent permitted by law and the Shareholders' Meeting;
– decides that, given the current breakdown of share capital, the Board of Directors may acquire shares at a maximum price per share of 250 euros, excluding acquisition costs. For information and pursuant to the provisions of article R. 225-151 of the French Code of Commerce, the maximum cumulative amount of funds dedicated to this share buyback program, assuming a maximum purchase price of 250 euros per share, would be 78,812,750 euros (on the basis of 315,251 shares, i.e., 0.96% of the total number of shares);
– decides that in the event of transactions in the Company's shares during the validity period of this authorization, the maximum price per share indicated shall be adjusted by a multiplying coeffi cient equal to the ratio between the number of shares making up the Company's share capital before and after the transaction;
– grants this authorization for a period of eighteen months as of the date of this Meeting;
– takes due note that this power of attorney supersedes any earlier corresponding delegation;
– the Board of Directors shall be granted full powers to carry out this authorization and in particular to evaluate the appropriateness of initiating a share buyback program and to determine the terms thereof, in accordance with applicable legal and regulatory provisions. To this end, the Board of Directors may carry out any transactions, place any and all buy and sell orders, enter into any and all agreements, fulfi ll all formalities and agreements, notably with respect to maintaining registers of purchases and sales of shares, carry out all formalities and declarations with respect to the AMF and any other organization, and generally take any and all other actions required in the implementation of this authorization. The Board of Directors may delegate said powers in accordance with applicable legal and regulatory provisions.
Fifteenth resolution
POWERS TO CARRY OUT LEGAL REQUIREMENTS
The Shareholders' Meeting shall grant the bearer of a copy or extract of the minutes of this meeting full powers to fi le any documents or comply with any legal requirements that may be necessary.
Extraordinary Meeting resolutions
Sixteenth resolution
AUTHORIZATION GRANTED TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS TO REDUCE SHARE CAPITAL BY RETIRING COMPANY SHARES THAT THE COMPANY OWNS
After the reading of the Board of Directors' report and the Statutory Auditors' special report, the Shareholders' Meeting, which meets the quorum and majority requirements for Extraordinary Shareholders' Meetings:
– authorizes the Board of Directors, pursuant to article L. 225-209 of the French Code of Commerce, to retire, at its sole discretion and in one or more transactions, all or a portion of the Company's shares the Company holds as the result of the share-buyback authorizations granted by the Shareholders' Meeting to the Board of Directors, subject to a maximum of 0.96% of the number of shares constituting the Company's share capital, an amount lower than 10% of shares constituting the Company's share capital per twenty-four month period;
– grants this authorization for a period of eighteen months as of this Shareholders' Meeting;
– grants full powers to the Board of Directors, including the option to delegate such powers, to carry out any share capital decrease(s) resulting from the retirement of shares pursuant to this authorization and to amend the by-laws accordingly;
– takes due note that this delegation of authority supersedes any corresponding earlier delegation.
Seventeenth resolution
AUTHORIZATION GRANTED TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS TO INCREASE THE COMPANY'S SHARE CAPITAL, EITHER THROUGH THE ISSUE, WITH PREFERENTIAL SUBSCRIPTION RIGHTS, OF SHARES AND/OR INVESTMENT SECURITIES GIVING ACCESS TO THE COMPANY'S SHARE CAPITAL, OR THROUGH THE INCORPORATION OF ADDITIONAL PAID-IN CAPITAL, OR THE CAPITALIZATION OF RESERVES, UNAPPROPRIATED RETAINED EARNINGS, OR OTHER ITEMS
The Shareholders' Meeting, which meets the quorum and majority requirements for Extraordinary Shareholders' Meetings, having examined the report prepared by the Board of Directors and the special report submitted by the Statutory Auditors and pursuant to the provisions of the French Code of Commerce, in particular articles L. 225-129 to L. 225-129-6 and L. 225-129-2 and L. 228-91 et seq. of the French Code of Commerce:
- delegates its authority to the Board of Directors to increase the Company's share capital, on one or more occasions, in such amounts, at such times and under such conditions that it may deem appropriate:
a) through the issue, whether denominated in euros or any other currency or accounting unit based on a basket of currencies, on the French and/or international market, of ordinary shares in the Company and more generally of any other investment securities giving immediate or future access to the Company's share capital, with the understanding that the issuance of preference shares is excluded from the scope of this delegation,
b) and/or through the incorporation of additional paid-in capital, or the capitalization of reserves, retained earnings, or other items as permitted by law and the by-laws, through the creation and allotment of free shares, or through an increase in the nominal value of existing shares, or through the combined application of these two methods;
-
grants this delegation of authority for a period of twenty-six months as of the date of this Shareholders' Meeting;
-
decides to set the overall ceiling of the amounts of capital increases that may be carried out under this delegation of authority as follows:
a) for capital increases carried out under issuances governed by paragraph 1.a) above, the maximum nominal amount of capital increases that may be carried out in this way, whether immediately or over time, may not exceed 10 million euros, or the equivalent amount in any currency or accounting unit based on a basket of currencies, including the nominal amount of any additional capital increase that may be carried out subject to the terms set forth by the nineteenth resolution below. It is specifi ed that this ceiling includes the overall nominal value any ordinary shares in the Company that may be issued in relation to adjustments that may be made to protect the rights of holders of investment securities giving future access to the Company's share capital, in accordance with applicable laws, regulations and contractual stipulations,
b) in the event of a capital increase carried out under issuances governed by paragraph 1.b) above, the maximum nominal amount of capital increases that may be carried out in this way may not exceed the overall total of amounts that may be capitalized, with the understanding that the amount of these capital increases shall supplement the amount of the ceiling determined in paragraph 1.a) above;
- in the event that the Board of Directors uses this delegation of authority for issuances governed by paragraph 1.a) above, decides that:
– the Shareholders have a preferential right to subscribe to investment securities under this delegation of authority, in proportion to the amount of their shares,
– if subscriptions in respect of pro rata entitlements and, where applicable, subscriptions in respect of excess applications do not absorb all of the shares issued, the Board of Directors may use at its discretion and in the order that it determines any one and/or other of the options below:
• limit the amount of the capital increase to the amount of subscriptions, provided this represents at least three quarters of the increase initially decided,
• allocate freely all or a portion of the securities issued but not subscribed,
• offer to the public all or a portion of the securities issued but not subscribed, on the French and/or international market;
-
in the event that the Board of Directors uses the delegation of authority governed by paragraph 1.b) above, decides, in accordance with the provisions of article L. 225-130 of the French Code of Commerce, that fractional rights may not be traded or sold, and that the corresponding shares shall be sold; the proceeds of the sale shall be allotted to the holders of the rights within the period set forth under applicable laws and regulations;
-
decides that the amount accruing, or to accrue at a later date to the Company, for each of the shares issued under the above legislation, shall be at least equal to the nominal value of these shares;
-
takes note that this authorization shall, where applicable, entail, in favor of the holders of investment securities giving access to the Company's share capital, the express waiver by Shareholders of their preferential right to subscribe to the shares to which the investment securities so issued shall give access;
-
grants full powers to the Board of Directors, subject to conditions set forth by laws and/or regulations, particularly in order to:
– determine the amounts to be issued, determine the terms and conditions of the issue, the nature, form and characteristics of the investment securities to be created, and set the dates, period and terms and conditions of the issuance,
– record the completion of these issuances and amend the by-laws accordingly,
– and generally, conduct all agreements and carry out all acts and formalities required to complete the planned issuances, subject to applicable laws and regulations;
- takes due note that this power granted supersedes any earlier corresponding delegation.
Eighteenth resolution
AUTHORIZATION TO BE GRANTED TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS TO INCREASE THE COMPANY'S SHARE CAPITAL, THROUGH THE ISSUE, WITHOUT PREFERENTIAL SUBSCRIPTION RIGHTS, OF SHARES AND/OR INVESTMENT SECURITIES GIVING ACCESS TO THE COMPANY'S SHARE CAPITAL
The Shareholders' Meeting, which meets the quorum and majority requirements for Extraordinary Shareholders' Meetings, having examined the report prepared by the Board of Directors and the special report submitted by the Statutory Auditors and pursuant to the provisions of the French Code of Commerce, in particular articles L. 225-129 et seq., L. 225-135 and L. 228-91:
-
delegates its authority to the Board of Directors to increase the Company's share capital, on one or more occasions, in such amounts and at such times as it may deem fi t, on the French and/or international market, by way of a public offering, either in euros or in any other currency or accounting unit based on a basket of currencies, through the issue of shares in the Company or of any other investment securities giving access to the Company's share capital, with the understanding that the issuance of preference shares is excluded from the scope of this delegation;
-
grants this delegation of authority for a period of twentysix months as of the date of this Meeting;
-
decides that the total nominal amount of capital increases that may be carried out under this delegation of authority may not exceed 10 million euros, or the equivalent amount in any currency or accounting unit based on a basket of currencies, including the nominal amount of any additional capital increase that may be carried out subject to the terms set forth by the nineteenth resolution below;
-
decides to exclude the preferential right of Shareholders to subscribe to any investment securities that may be issued and delegate authority to the Board of Directors to evaluate whether it is appropriate to institute in favor of Shareholders, for a period and under conditions that it shall determine, and for all or a portion of the issuance performed, a priority subscription facility pursuant to the provisions of article L. 225-135 of the French Code of Commerce;
-
decides that the ceiling referred to in paragraph 3 above includes the total nominal value of ordinary shares in the Company that may be issued in respect of adjustments that may be made to protect the rights of holders of investment securities giving future access to the Company's share capital, in accordance with applicable laws, regulations and contractual stipulations;
-
takes note that this authorization shall, where applicable, entail, in favor of the holders of investment securities giving access to the Company's share capital, the express waiver by Shareholders of their preferential right to subscribe to the shares to which the investment securities so issued shall give access;
-
decides that, if subscriptions by the Shareholders and members of the public do not absorb all of the shares issued, as defi ned above, the Board of Directors may, pursuant to the provisions of article L. 225-134 of the French Code of Commerce, use at its discretion and in the order that it determines any and/or other of the options below:
– limit, if applicable, the amount of the capital increase to the amount of subscriptions, provided this represents at least three quarters of the increase initially decided,
– allocate freely all or a portion of the securities issued but not subscribed;
-
decides that the issue price of the shares shall be at least equal to the minimum amount authorized by legislation, with the understanding that the issue price of shares resulting from the exercise of investment securities giving access to the share capital issued under this delegation is subject to the provisions of article L. 225- 136 of the French Code of Commerce;
-
grants full powers to the Board of Directors, subject to conditions set forth by laws and/or regulations, particularly in order to:
– determine the amounts to be issued, the terms and conditions of the issue, the nature, form and characteristics of the investment securities to be created, and set the dates, period and terms and conditions of the issuance,
– record the completion of these issuances and amend the by-laws accordingly,
– and, generally, conduct all agreements and carry out all acts and formalities required to complete the planned issuances, subject to applicable laws and regulations;
- takes due note that this power granted supersedes any earlier corresponding delegation.
Nineteenth resolution
AUTHORIZATION TO BE GRANTED TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS TO RAISE THE NUMBER OF NEW SHARES TO BE ISSUED IN THE EVENT OF A CAPITAL INCREASE WITH OR WITHOUT PREFERENTIAL SUBSCRIPTION RIGHTS FOR SHAREHOLDERS
The Shareholders' Meeting, which meets the quorum and majority requirements for Extraordinary Shareholders' Meetings, having examined the report prepared by the Board of Directors and the special report submitted by the Statutory Auditors and pursuant to the provisions of the French Code of Commerce, in particular articles L. 225-135-1 and R. 225-118:
-
authorizes the Board of Directors, in the event that the latter uses delegations of authority granted to it under the seventeenth and eighteenth resolutions above, to increase the number of shares to be issued in the event of an increase in the share capital of the Company, with or without preferential subscription rights, for a period of thirty days commencing on the subscription closing date, subject to the limit of 15% of the initial issue amount, and at the same price as that applied for the initial issue;
-
decides that this authorization shall not result in increasing the maximum nominal amount of capital increases that may be carried out, insofar as this amount has been determined by the seventeenth and eighteenth resolutions. Therefore, the maximum nominal amount of capital increases that may be carried out under this delegation of authority shall be offset against the overall ceiling for capital increases of 10 million euros determined for each delegation granted above by this Shareholders' Meeting;
-
grants full powers to the Board of Directors to implement this delegation, subject to conditions set forth by laws and regulations;
-
grants this delegation of authority for a period of twenty-six months as of the date of this Meeting.
Twentieth resolution
AUTHORIZATION TO BE GRANTED TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS TO INCREASE THE COMPANY'S SHARE CAPITAL THROUGH AN ISSUE RESERVED FOR COMPANY EMPLOYEES PURSUANT TO THE PROVISIONS OF ARTICLE L. 225-138 OF THE FRENCH CODE OF COMMERCE AND ARTICLE L. 3332-18 ET SEQ. OF THE FRENCH LABOR CODE
The Shareholders' Meeting, which meets the quorum and majority requirements for Extraordinary Shareholders' Meetings, having examined the report prepared by the Board of Directors and the special report submitted by the Statutory Auditors and pursuant to the provisions of the French Code of Commerce, in particular articles L. 225-129-2 and L. 225-138, and article L. 3332-18 et seq. of the French Labor Code:
– delegates its authority to the Board of Directors to carry out, on one or more occasions, at such times as it may deem fi t, subject to the provisions of article L. 225- 138 of the French Code of Commerce and L. 3332-18 of the French Labor Code, issues without preferential subscription rights of shares in the Company or any other investment securities giving access to the Company's share capital, reserved for employees of the Company and of companies related to it as defi ned under article L. 225-180 of the French Code of Commerce, who are members of a Company Savings Plan or a voluntary employee savings-partnership plan, subject to a ceiling of 10% of the share capital on the utilization date of this authorization;
– decides that the subscription price of shares or any other investment security giving access to the share capital of the Company by the benefi ciaries shall be determined by the Board of Directors, with the understanding that the subscription price may not exceed the average of the listed price during the twenty stock market trading days preceding the date of the decision to set the subscription opening date, nor may it be more than 20% lower than this average, or 30% lower in the event of a vesting period specifi ed by the plan pursuant to articles L. 3332-25 and L. 3332-26 of the French Labor Code of at least ten years; however, the Shareholders' Meeting expressly authorizes the Board of Directors, if it deems fi t, to reduce or eliminate the abovementioned discount, subject to legal and regulatory limits, in order to take into consideration, inter alia, locally applicable legal, accounting, tax and social regimes;
– grants this delegation of authority for a period of twenty-six months as of the date of this Meeting;
– delegates powers to the Board of Directors, including the option to sub-delegate its authority, as provided by law, to implement this delegation and in particular to:
• decide the amount of each issue, determine the dates and terms and conditions of issue and the type of securities to be created, and generally, take all necessary or useful measures and conclude all agreements to ensure the successful accomplishment of the planned issues, at all times and in all actions in accordance with applicable laws and regulations,
• place on record any issues undertaken using this authorization and amend the by-laws accordingly,
• and, generally, conduct all agreement and carry out all acts and formalities required to complete these transactions;
– takes due note that this delegation of authority supersedes any corresponding earlier delegation.
Twenty-fi rst resolution
POWERS TO CARRY OUT ALL NECESSARY FORMALITIES
The Shareholders' Meeting grants full powers to the bearer of an original, copy or extract of the minutes of this Meeting to carry out all legal or administrative formalities and to make all fi lings and publish all notices required by applicable laws.
Certification of annual financial report
I hereby declare that to the best of my knowledge the accounts and statements presented herewith have been drawn up in full compliance with all applicable accounting standards and provide an accurate view of the assets, fi nancial situation and profi ts of the Company and the consolidated companies, and that the business report included in pages 1 to 57 of this document provides an accurate image of business trends, profi ts and the fi nancial situation of the Company and all consolidated companies as well as a description of the main risks and uncertainties to which the latter are exposed.
Boulogne-Billancourt, March 18, 2011
Hervé Le Bouc Chairman and Chief Executive Offi cer
Design and production: Photos: Jean-Dominique Billaud, Pierre-François Grosjean, Julien Yhomazo.
7, place René-Clair 92653 Boulogne-Billancourt Cedex – France Tel.: +33 1 47 61 75 00 Fax: +33 1 47 61 76 00 www.colas.com
Colas, a French Société Anonyme with share capital of €48,937,185 RCS Nanterre 552 025 314 02325