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Cognetivity Neurosciences Ltd. Interim / Quarterly Report 2021

Dec 18, 2021

47362_rns_2021-12-17_6aaa85b7-ca00-4dd8-9cda-b126cda5a7a1.pdf

Interim / Quarterly Report

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COGNETIVITY NEUROSCIENCES LTD. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS For the period ended October 31, 2021 and 2020 (EXPRESSED IN CANADIAN DOLLAR)

NOTICE OF NO AUDITOR REVIEW OF CONDENSED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The accompanying unaudited interim financial statements of Cognetivity Neurosciences Ltd. for the nine months ended October 31, 2021, have been prepared by the management of the Company and approved by the Company's Audit Committee and the Company's Board of Directors.

Under National Instrument 51-102, Part 4, subsection 4.3(3)(a), if an auditor has not performed a review of the interim financial statements, they must be accompanied by a notice indication that an auditor has not reviewed the financial statements.

The accompanying unaudited interim financial statements of the Company have been prepared by and are the responsibility of the Company's management.

The Company's independent auditor has not performed a review of these interim financial statements in accordance with standards established by the Canadian Institute of Chartered Professional Accountants for a review of the interim financial statements by an entity's auditor

Interim Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position (Expressed in Canadian dollars)

As at Note October 31, 2021 January 31, 2021
$ $
ASSETS
Current
Cash 109,800 1,359,851
Due from related parties - 14,939
Interest and tax receivable 255,089 67,402
Loan receivable 5 219,404 -
Prepaids 196,017 309,013
Total Current Assets 780,310 1,751,205
Equipment 6 64,555 44,415
Intangible assets 7 265,253 32,179
TOTAL ASSETS 1,110,118 1,827,799
LIABILITIESCurrent Liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 3,157,788 637,299
Convertible debentures 8 - 313,658
Due to related parties 10 61,054 13,931
3,218,842 964,888
Non-Current Liabilities
Loan Facility 11 902,399 -
Total Liabilities 4,121,241 964,888
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Common shares 9 11,375,650 9,873,571
Equity portion of convertible debentures 8 2,618 34,851
Reserves 9 4,337,183 1,821,894
Deficit (18,775,339) (10,837,531)
Accumulative other comprehensive income (loss) 48,765 (29,874)
Total Shareholders' Equity (Deficiency) (3,011,123) 862,911
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY 1,110,118 1,827,799

Nature of operations and going concern (Note 1) Subsequent events (Note 15)

Approved on Behalf of the Board of Directors on December 17, 2021:

"Sina Habibi" Director "David Velisek" Director
Sina Habibi David Velisek

The accompanying notes are integral to these interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

Interim Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss (Expressed in Canadian dollars, except per share amounts)

Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
Notes October 31,2021 October 31,2020 October 31,2021 October 31,2020
$ $ $ $
Expenses
Accretion expenses 8 1,361 9,013 12,587 51,671
Consulting fees 290,177 153,949 612,882 410,962
Depreciation 7 6,692 3,038 16,776 8,358
Foreign exchange loss (gain) 186 230 631 419
General and administration 47,148 25,378 118,798 81,057
Marketing and advertising 109,428 - 522,872 33,558
Professional fees 19,485 11,186 139,492 61,448
Rent 31,618 (13,597) 37,794 40,587
Research and development 174,325 154,005 477,559 (40,529)
Salaries and benefits 2,545,959 312,394 3,269,085 782,742
Share-based payment 9 2,584,327 7,277 2,677,721 31,661
Transfer agent and regulatory 14,421 752 38,083 4,182
Travel 1,429 11,618 6,467 38,174
(5,826,556) (675,243) (7,930,747) (1,504,290)
Other Income (Expense)
Interest income (expense) (5,447) (231) (13,176) (402)
Gain on debt settlement - - - 8,998
Other income (expense) 12 (192,470) 579,530 18,038 579,530
Net loss before income taxes (6,024,473) (95,944) (7,925,885) (916,164)
Income tax recovery (11,923) - (11,923) -
Net Loss (6,036,396) (95,944) (7,937,808) (916,164)
Other Comprehensive Loss (Income)
Items that will be reclassified
subsequently to loss (income)
Unrealized gain (loss) on foreignexchange translation 79,355 13,656 78,639 11,634
Comprehensive Loss (5,957,041) (82,288) (7,859,169) (904,530)
Basic and diluted loss per common
share (0.08) (0.00) (0.11) (0.02)
Weighted average number of commonshares outstanding – Basic and diluted 71,259,529 60,359,781 70,720,605 56,540,054

The accompanying notes are integral to these interim condensed consolidated financial statements

Interim Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity (Deficiency) (Expressed in Canadian dollars)

Comm Shaonre ClaBShassre
NubemrfShaores Nubefmr oShares EqityuPoionftroCoibletnverDebetunres Reserves AOCI Deficit Shaholde'rersEqityu(Deficien)cy
# $ # $ $ $ $ $
BalaJa31,2020nce -nuary 49,466,487 7,031,074 10,000,002 41,028 1,587,105 ()12,808 ()8,909,434 ()263,035
CoionfClasBPrferdShaCohatonversosereresmmonsres 10,000,002 (10,000,002) - - - -
Shaissdfrodeblemt stttresuemeen 21,6875 132,925 - - - - 132,925
Shaissdfroisedntresuemwarraexerc 1,30077 193,435 - - (628) - - 192,825
haissdfoiceSresuer servs 50,000 14,250 - - - - 14,250
k oiond ad vdStottetecps grannes - - - - 21,155 - - 21,155
Issf ricd shaitstrteuance oesreun - - - - 10,506 - - 10,506
Nelod cheivelofoheiodtr tssanomprensssper - - - - - (5,076) (916,164) (921,240)
BalaOcbe31,2020tonce -r 61,009,357 7,371,369 - 41,028 1,618,138 ()17,884 ()9,825,598 ()812,947
31,2021BalaJance -nuary 0,48077,77 9,83,1757 - 34,815 1,821,894 (29,84)7 (10,8331)7,5 862,911
Shaissdfroisedntresuemwarraexerc 2,808,919 686,055 - - (31,19)5 - - 634655,
haissdfroionisedStresuemopexerc 600,000 290,273 - - ()131,273 - - 159,000
haissdfoiceSresuer servs 232,632 154,900 - - - - - 154,900
haissdfoiondebeSnturesuer conversres 1,983,513 370,401 - ()32,233 - - - 338,168
Sk oiond ad vdtottetecps grannes - - - - 394,477 - - 394,477
Issf ricd shaitstrteuance oesreun - - - - 2,283,244 - - 2,283,244
lod cheivelofoheiodNetr tssanomprensssper - - - - - 8,6397 (93808)7,7, (89,169)7,5
BalaOcbe31,2021tonce -r 76,112,771 11,375,650 - 2,618 4,337,183 48,765 ()18,775,339 ()3,011,123

The accompanying notes are integral to these interim condensed consolidated financial statements

Interim Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Expressed in Canadian dollars)

For the Periods Ended October 31,
2021 2020
$ $
Net loss for the period (7,937,808) (916,164)
Non-cash items:
Accretion expense 12,587 51,671
Depreciation 16,776 8,357
Gain on Debt Settlement - (8,998)
Income tax recovery 11,923 -
Shares-based payment 2,677,721 31,661
Shares issued for services 154,900 14,244
Foreign exchange gain or loss (11,614) -
Changes in non-cash operating working capital:
Interest and tax receivable (194,482) 28,332
Prepaids 110,470 35,588
Research and development credit - -
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 2,607,590 146,173
Due to related parties 63,445 106,967
Net cash used in operating activities (2,488,492) (502,169)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Acquisition of equipment (34,976) (9,911)
Acquisition of patents (50,980) -
Development cost (192,627) -
Net cash provided (used) by investing activities (278,583) (9,911)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from loan facility 923,053 -
Proceeds from warrants exercised 436,729 192,825
Proceeds from options exercised 159,000 -
Net cash provided by financing activities 1,518,782 192,825
Effect of foreign exchange on cash (1,758) (5,191)
Net increase in cash (1,250,051) (324,446)
Cash, beginning of the period 1,359,851 578,229
Cash, end of the period 109,800 253,783

Non-cash financing and investing activities (Note 13)

The accompanying notes are integral to these interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

1. NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND GOING CONCERN

Cognetivity Neurosciences Ltd. (the "Company") was incorporated on December 11, 2015 under the laws of British Columbia, Canada. Its head office is located at Suite 2250, 1055 West Hastings Street, Vancouver BC, V6E 2E9, Canada and registered office is located at Suite 1500, 1055 W. Georgia St., Vancouver, BC, V6E 4N7, Canada. The Company is a technology company developing a cognitive testing platform, the Integrated Cognitive Assessment (ICA), for use in medical and commercial environments for potentially allowing early diagnosis of dementia.

The Company's common shares commenced trading on the Canadian Securities Exchange (the "CSE") on March 19, 2018 under the stock symbol "CGN". The Company also commenced trading on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange in Germany under the stock symbol "IUB" and the OTCQB in USA under the stock symbol "CGNSF" on May 3, 2018 and September 4, 2018 respectively.

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared using International Financial Reporting Standards applicable to a going concern which assumes the Company will be able to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business rather than through a process of forced liquidation.

Going Concern & Impact of COVID-19

The Company's operations have been adversely affected by the effects of a widespread global outbreak of the recent outbreak of respiratory illness caused by COVID-19. The Company cannot accurately predict the ultimate impact COVID-19 will have on its operations and the ability of others to meet their obligations with the Company, including uncertainties relating to the duration of the outbreak, and the length of travel and quarantine restrictions imposed by governments of affected countries. In addition, the health crisis could adversely affect the economies and financial markets of many countries, resulting in an economic downturn that could further affect the Company's operations and ability to finance its operations.

The development of the Company's business may take years to be successful and the amount of resulting income, if any, is difficult to determine with any certainty. On October 31, 2021, the Company has not yet achieved profitable operations, has an accumulated deficit of $18,775,339 (January 31, 2021 - $10,837,531), and working capital deficit of $2,438,532 (January 31, 2021 – working capital of $786,317), and expects to incur losses in the development of its business. Accordingly, there is a material uncertainty that may cast significant doubt on Company's ability to continue as going concern. The Company's continuing operations, as intended, and its financial success may be dependent upon the extent to which it can successfully develop its business.

These consolidated financial statements do not reflect any adjustments, which could be material, to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities, reported expenses, and balance sheet classification used, that would be necessary if the Company were unable to continue as a going concern.

2. BASIS OF PREPARATION

Statement of Compliance

These interim condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with International Accounting Standards ("IAS") 34, Interim Condensed Financial Reporting, as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board ("IASB") and interpretations of the International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee ("IFRIC") on a basis consistent with the significant accounting policies disclosed in note 2 of the most recent annual financial statements as at and for the year ended January 31, 2021 as filed on SEDAR at www.sedar.com. The interim condensed consolidated financial statements do not include all of the information required for full annual financial statements.

These interim condensed consolidated financial statements were approved and authorized for issue by the Board of Directors on December 17, 2021.

Basis of Measurement

These interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis except for certain financial instruments which are measured at their fair value as explained in the accounting policies set out below. In addition, these interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared using the accrual basis of accounting except cash flow information.

3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The accounting policies set out below have been applied consistently to all periods presented in these consolidated financial statements. The Company has initially applied IFRS 9, IAS 39, IFRS 7, IFRS 4 and IFRS 16 – Interest Rate Benchmark Reform (Phase 2) from February 1, 2020, but they do not have a material impact on these consolidated financial statements.

a. Basis of consolidation

These consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial statements of the Company and Cognetivity Ltd. ("Cog UK"), the Company's wholly owned subsidiary incorporated in United Kingdom ("UK"); and Cognetivity FZ-LLC., the Company's wholly owned subsidiary incorporated in Dubai. Subsidiaries are all entities (including structured entities) over which the group has control. The group controls an entity when the group is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the entity. Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the group. They are deconsolidated from the date that control ceases. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

b. Foreign currency translation

The functional currency of an entity is the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates. The functional currency of the Company is the Canadian dollar ("C$"),Cognetivity Ltd. is the British Pounds ("GBP") and Cognetivity FZ-LLC is United Arab Emirates dirham ("AED"). The reporting currency of the Company is Canadian dollar. The functional currency determinations were conducted through an analysis of the consideration factors identified in IAS 21, "The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates".

b. Foreign currency translation (continued)

Foreign currency transactions are translated into functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing at the date of the transaction. Foreign currency monetary items are translated at the periodend exchange rate. Non-monetary items measured at historical cost continue to be carried at the exchange rate at the date of the transaction. Non-monetary items measured at fair value are reported at the exchange rate at the date when fair values were determined.

Exchange differences arising on the translation of monetary items or on settlement of monetary items are recognized in the statement of comprehensive loss in the period in which they arise, except where deferred in equity as a qualifying cash flow or net investment hedge.

c. Cash

Cash consists of cash balances with bank.

d. Equipment

Equipment is stated at cost less accumulated amortization and any accumulated impairment losses. The cost of equipment includes the acquisition costs and any direct costs to bring the asset into productive use at its intended location.

Amortization of equipment is calculated using the straight-line method to write-off the cost, net of any estimated residual value, over their estimated useful life as follows:

Computer equipment 5 years

e. Intangible assets

Intangible assets with finite useful lives that are acquired separately are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses. Amortization is recognized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. The estimated useful life and amortization method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period, with the effect of any changes in estimate being accounted for on a prospective basis.

Patents

Patents represent the expenditures incurred. Patents are carried at cost less accumulated amortization. Patents are amortized over the term of 13 years using the straight-line method.

Development costs

An internally-generated intangible asset arising from development (or from the development phase of an internal project) is recognized if all of the following conditions have been demonstrated:

  • the technical feasibility of completing the intangible asset so that it will be available for use or sale.
  • the intention to complete the intangible asset and use or sell it.
  • the ability to use or sell the intangible asset.
  • how the intangible asset will generate probable future economic benefits.

e. Intangible assets (continued)

  • the availability of adequate technical, financial and other resources to complete the development and to use or sell the intangible asset; and
  • the ability to measure reliably the expenditure attributable to the intangible asset during its development.

The amount initially recognized for internally-generated intangible assets is the sum of the expenditure incurred from the date when the intangible asset first meets the recognition criteria listed above. Subsequent to initial recognition, internally-generated intangible assets are reported at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses, on the same basis as intangible assets that are acquired separately. The estimated useful life of the internally generated intangible asset is determined through the exercise of management's judgment.

An intangible asset is derecognized on disposal, or when no future economic benefits are expected from use or disposal. Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset, measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset, are recognized in the consolidated statements of loss when the asset is derecognized.

At each reporting date, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of its intangible assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated to determine the extent of the impairment loss (if any).

Intangible assets with an indefinite useful life are tested for impairment at least annually and whenever there is an indication that the asset may be impaired. Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs of disposal and value in use. An impairment loss is recognized immediately in the consolidated statements of loss, unless the relevant asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case the impairment loss is treated as a revaluation decrease.

f. Research and development

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred except for costs associated with intangible assets that are in the development stage.

Expenditure on research activities, undertaken with the prospect of gaining new scientific or technical knowledge and understanding, is recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss.

Development activities involve a plan or design for the production of new or substantially improved products and processes. Development expenditure is capitalized only if development costs can be measured reliably, the product or process is technically and commercially feasible, future economic benefits are probable, and the Company intends to and has sufficient resources to complete development and to use or sell the asset.

Capitalized development expenditures will be amortized over the useful life, once the platform is available for use and are measured at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses.

f. Research and development (continued)

R&D tax credits are recorded as a reduction of the related research and development expenditures upon receipts from the tax authority in the UK. These non-repayable R&D tax credits are earned in respect to research and development costs incurred in the UK and are recorded as a reduction of the related research and development expenditures, provided that there is reasonable assurance that the credit will be recovered.

g. Related party transactions

Parties are considered to be related if one party has the ability, directly or indirectly, to control the other party or exercise significant influence over the other party in making financial and operating decisions. Parties are also considered to be related if they are subject to common control, related parties may be individuals or corporate entities. A transaction is considered to be a related party transaction when there is a transfer of resources or obligations between related parties.

h. Financial instruments

(i) Classification

The Company determines the classification of financial assets at initial recognition. The classification of debt instruments is driven by the Company's business model for managing the financial assets and their contractual cash flow characteristics. Equity instruments that are held for trading are classified as FVTPL.

For other equity instruments, on the day of acquisition the Company can make an irrevocable election (on an instrument-by-instrument basis) to designate them as at FVTOCI. Financial liabilities are measured at amortized cost, unless they are required to be measured at FVTPL (such as instruments held for trading or derivatives) or if the Company has opted to measure them at FVTPL.

The following table shows the classification of the Company's financial instruments:

Financial assets Classification
Cash Amortized cost
Interest receivable Amortized cost
Loan receivable Amortized cost
Due from related parties Amortized cost
Financial liabilities Classification
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities Amortized cost
Convertible debentures Amortized cost
Due to related parties Amortized cost

(ii) Measurement

Financial assets and liabilities at amortized cost

Financial assets and liabilities at amortized cost are initially recognized at fair value plus or minus transaction costs, respectively, and subsequently carried at amortized cost less any impairment.

(iii) Impairment of financial assets

The Company recognizes a loss allowance for expected credit losses on financial assets that are measured at amortized cost. At each reporting date, the Company measures the loss allowance for the financial asset at an amount equal to the lifetime expected credit losses if the credit risk on the financial asset has increased significantly since initial recognition. If at the reporting date, the financial asset has not increased significantly since initial recognition, the Company measures the loss allowance for the financial asset at an amount equal to twelve month expected credit losses. The Company shall recognize in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss, as an impairment gain or loss, the amount of expected credit losses (or reversal) that is required to adjust the loss allowance at the reporting date to the amount that is required to be recognized.

i. Convertible debentures

Upon issuance, convertible debentures are separated into the debt and conversion feature components. The debt component of the convertible debenture is recognized initially at fair value of a similar debt instrument without a conversion feature. Subsequent to initial recognition, the debt component of a compound financial instrument is measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method.

The conversion feature of the convertible debentures is initially recognized at fair value. The convertible debentures are convertible into units of the Company at the holder's option. As a result of this obligation, the convertible debentures are convertible into equity, and accordingly, the conversion feature component of the convertible debentures is also equity.

j. Share capital

Common shares, Class B Shares, and special warrants are classified as equity. Transaction costs directly attributable to the issuance of common shares, Class B Shares and special warrants are recognized as a deduction from equity.

k. Share-based payments transactions

The Company's stock-based compensation includes grants of stock options and restricted share units ("RSUs"). The stock option plan allows Company directors, officers, employees and consultants to acquire shares of the Company. The fair value of share purchase options granted is recognized as an employee or consultant expense with a corresponding increase in equity. An individual is classified as an employee when the individual is an employee for legal or tax purposes (direct employee) or provides services similar to those performed by a direct employee. The fair value is measured at grant date and the share-based compensation is expensed based on graded vesting. When the value of goods or services received in exchange for the share-based payment cannot be reliably estimated,

k. Share-based payments transactions (continued)

the fair value of the share purchase options granted is measured using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model taking into account the terms and conditions upon which the share purchase options were granted. Forfeiture rates are estimated in advance and are used in the estimate of the sharebased expense for the financial statement period.

The Company accounts for RSUs issued to employees and non-employees (consultants and advisory board members) based on the fair market value of the Company's common stock as of the date of issuance.

Equity-settled share-based payment transactions with non-employees are measured at the fair value of the goods or services received. However, if the fair value cannot be estimated reliably, the sharebased payment transaction is measured at the fair value of the equity instruments granted at the date the Company receives the goods or the services.

l. Warrants

Proceeds from issuances by the Company of units consisting of common shares and warrants other than the special warrants are allocated based on the residual method, whereby the carrying amount of the warrants is determined based on any difference between gross proceeds and the estimated fair market value of the common shares. If the proceeds from the offering are less than or equal to the estimated fair market value of common shares issued, a nil carrying amount is assigned to the warrants.

m. Income taxes

Income tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Income tax expense is recognized in the consolidated statements of operation and comprehensive loss except to the extent that it relates to items recognized directly in equity, in which case it is recognized in equity.

Current tax is the expected tax payable on the taxable income for the year, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date, and any adjustment to tax payable in respect of previous years.

Deferred tax is recognized using the liability method, providing for temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. Deferred tax is not recognized on the initial recognition of assets or liabilities in a transaction that is not a business combination. In addition, deferred tax is not recognized for taxable temporary differences arising on the initial recognition of goodwill.

Deferred tax is measured at the tax rates that are expected to be applied to temporary differences when they reverse, based on the laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset if there is a legally enforceable right to offset, and they relate to income taxes levied by the same tax authority on the same taxable entity, or on different tax entities, but they intend to settle current tax liabilities and assets on a net basis or their tax assets and liabilities will be realized simultaneously.

m. Income taxes (continued)

A deferred tax asset is recognized to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which the temporary difference can be utilized. Deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date and are reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realized.

n. Government grant

Government grant is recognized when there is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with any conditions attached to the grant and the grant will be received. Government grant is recognized in profit or loss to offset the corresponding expenses on a systematic basis over the periods in which the Company recognizes expenses for the related costs for which the grants are intended to compensate, which in the case of grants related to assets requires setting up the grant as deferred income or deducting it from the carrying amount of the asset.

o. Loss per share

The Company presents the basic and diluted earnings or loss per share data for its common shares, calculated by dividing the earnings or loss attributable to common shareholders of the Company by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings or loss per share is determined by adjusting the earnings or loss attributable to common shareholders and the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the effects of all dilutive potential common shares.

p. Comprehensive loss

Comprehensive loss is the change in the Company's net assets that results from transactions, events and circumstances from sources other than the Company's shareholders and includes items that would not normally be included in net profit such as unrealized gains or losses on FVTOCI, gains or losses on certain derivative instruments and foreign currency gains or losses related to selfsustaining operations. The Company's comprehensive loss is presented in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss and the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity.

q. New accounting standard adopted

Certain pronouncements have been issued by the IASB or the IFRS Interpretations Committee ("IFRIC") that are mandatory for accounting periods ending after these consolidated financial statements. Some are not applicable or do not have a significant impact to the Company and have been excluded from the discussion below.

q. New accounting standard adopted (continued)

IFRS 9, IAS 39, IFRS 7, IFRS 4 and IFRS 16 – Interest Rate Benchmark Reform (Phase 2)

In August 2020, the IASB issued Interest Rate Benchmark Reform (Phase 2), which amends IFRS 9 Financial Instruments, IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and measurement, IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosures and IFRS 16 Leases. The Phase 2 amendments address issues that might affect financial reporting after the reform of an interest rate benchmark, including its replacement with alternative benchmark rates. These amendments complement those issued in 2019 and focus on issues that might affect financial reporting during the reform of an interest rate benchmark, including the effects of changes to contractual cash flows arising from the replacement of an interest rate benchmark with an alternative benchmark rate. The amendments are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2021, with earlier application permitted. The Company has concluded that no significant impact will result from the application of the Phase 2 amendments.

4. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING JUDGMENTS AND ESTIMATES

The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires management to make judgments and estimates that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. Actual outcomes could differ from these judgments and estimates. The consolidated financial statements include judgments and estimates which, by their nature, are uncertain. The impacts of such judgments and estimates are pervasive throughout the consolidated financial statements and may require accounting adjustments based on future occurrences.

Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised and the revision affects both current and future periods.

The following are the critical judgments and areas involving estimates, that management have made in the process of applying the Company's accounting policies and that have the most significant effect on the amount recognized in the consolidated financial statements.

a. Key sources of estimation uncertainty

Recoverability of deferred tax assets

The Company recognizes the deferred tax benefit related to deferred tax assets to the extent recovery is probable. Assessing the recoverability of deferred tax assets requires management to make significant estimates of future taxable profit. In addition, future changes in tax laws could limit the ability of the Company to obtain tax deductions in the future periods. To the extent that future cash flows and taxable income differ significantly from estimates, the ability of the Company to realize the net deferred tax assets recorded at the reporting date could be impacted.

4. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING JUDGMENTS AND ESTIMATES (continued)

b. Critical judgments in applying accounting policies

Fair value calculation of share-based payments

The fair value of share-based payments in relation to the reverse takeover is calculated using a Black Scholes option pricing model. There are a number of estimates used in the calculation such as the expected option life and the future price volatility of the underlying security which can vary from actual future events. The factors applied in the calculation are management's best estimates based on industry average and future forecasts.

Fair value calculation of liability portion of convertible debentures The Company applied judgment and estimates when determining the fair value of its convertible debenture (see Note 6).

Management has applied judgments in the assessment of the Company's ability to continue as a going concern when preparing its consolidated financial statements for the year ended January 31, 2021. Management prepares the consolidated financial statements on a going concern basis unless management either intends to liquidate the entity or to cease trading, or has no realistic alternative but to do so.

In assessing whether the going concern assumption is appropriate, management takes into account all available information about the future, which is at least, but is not limited to, twelve months from the end of the reporting period. Management considered a wide range of factors relating to current and expected profitability, debt repayment schedules and potential sources of replacement financing.

As a result of the assessment, management concluded the going concern basis of accounting is appropriate based on its access to replacement financing for the future twelve months.

Development costs

Development costs to develop products are capitalized to the extent that the criteria for recognition as intangible assets in IAS 38 Intangible Assets are met. Those criteria require that the product is technically feasible and have future economic benefits, which management assessed based on the attributes of the development project, perceived user needs, industry trends and expected future economic conditions. Management considers these factors in aggregate and applies significant judgment to determine whether the product is feasible.

5. LOAN REIVABLES

On September 26, 2021, the Company entered a promissory note (Loan) with, Sina Habibi, the CEO and director of the Company ("Borrower"). The Company loan to Borrower for a total amount of $218,617 with maturity to March 26, 2022 at an interest rate of 3.75% per annum, calculated and compounded monthly in arrears, and payable at the expiry of the term.

The Loan will be secured by way of a hypothecation of 1,457,449 common shares of the Company, registered in the name of Sina Habibi's wife, Karolina Dvorak, with authority and direction hereby to sell such number of shares to satisfy repayment of the Loan plus the interest rate in the event of default by the Borrower.

This Note may be paid in advance of the Due Date in whole or in part at any time without premium or penalty.

As at October 31, 2021, the Company has accrued interest of $788 (October 31, 2021-$nil) on the outstanding balance included in loan receivable.

6. EQUIPMENT

Cost $
As at January 31, 2020 51,484
Additions 18,479
Effect of change in exchange rate with GBP 630
As at January 31, 2021 70,593
Additions 34,976
Effect of change in exchange rate with GBP (3,303)
As at October 31, 2021 102,266
Accumulated depreciation
As at January 31, 2020 14,438
Additions 11,450
Effect of change in exchange rate with GBP 290
As at January 31, 2021 26,178
Additions 12,753
Effect of change in exchange rate with GBP (1,220)
As at October 31, 2021 37,711
Net book value
January 31, 2021 44,415
October 31, 2021 64,555

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements For the Periods Ended October 31, 2021 and 2020 (Expressed in Canadian dollars)

7. INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Patents Development costs Total
Cost $ $ $
As at January 31, 2020 - - -
Additions 32,179 - 32,179
Effect of change in exchange rate with GBP - - -
As at January 31, 2021 32,179 - 32,179
Additions 50,980 188,316 239,297
Disposal - - -
Effect of change in exchange rate with GBP (2,290) - (2,290)
As at October 31, 2021 80,869 188,316 269,186
Accumulated depreciation
As at January 31, 2020 and 2021 - - -
Additions 4,023 - 4,023
Disposal - - -
Effect of change in exchange rate with GBP (90) - (90)
As at October 31, 2021 3,933 - 3,933
Net book value
January 31, 2021 32,179 - 32,179
October 31, 2021 76,936 188,316 265,253

8. CONVERTIBLE DEBENTURES

  • a) On August 14, 2019, the Company entered into convertible loan agreements with arm's length lenders and issued convertible notes (the "Notes") in the aggregate principal amount of $168,000. The Notes bear interest at 8% per annum and matures 12 months from the date of issuance (the "Maturity Date"). The Notes can be converted into a number of units of the Company (the "Units") at $0.26. Each Unit will be comprised of one share and one share purchase warrant of the Company. Each warrant entitles the holder thereof to acquire one share at $0.30 per share for two years. During the year ended January 31, 2021, $50,000 of Notes with unpaid interest of $5,688 were converted into the Company's common shares and warrants and a total of 214,183 units were issued upon conversion. The equity component of the Notes of $8,462 with the fully accreted debt component was reclassified into share capital of the Company upon the conversion. During the period ended October 31, 2021, $118,000 of Notes with unpaid interest of $18,777 were converted into 526,064 Units. The equity component of the Notes of $11,960 with the fully accreted debt component was reclassified into share capital of the Company upon the conversion.
  • b) On September 26, 2019, the Company entered into a convertible loan agreement with the CEO and Director of the Company and issued a convertible note (the "Note") in the aggregate principal amount of $164,110. The Note bears interest at 8% per annum and matures 12 months from the date of issuance (the "Maturity Date"). The Note can be converted into a number of units of the Company (the "Units") at $0.13. Each Unit will be comprised of one share and one share purchase warrant of the Company. Each warrant entitles the holder thereof to acquire one share at $0.15 per share for two years. During the period ended October 31, 2021, $164,110 of Notes with unpaid interest of $25,358 were converted into 1,457,449 Units. The equity component of the Notes of $20,273 with the fully accreted debt component was reclassified into share capital of the Company upon the conversion.

The fair value allocated to the equity component of the Convertible Debentures is offset by deferred taxes of $15,175.

Convertible Debentures (a) (b) Total
Gross proceeds received in convertible debentures $168,000 $164,110 $332,110
Less: Equity component of convertible debentures (28,431) (27,772) (56,203)
Liability component recognized in convertible debentures 139,569 136,338 275,907
Accretion and interest expense recognized during the year 18,087 13,014 31,101
January 31, 2020 $157,656 $149,352 $307,008
Accretion and interest expense recognized during the year 29,894 32,444 62,338
Conversion to common shares (55,688) - (55,688)
January 31, 2021 $131,862 $181,796 $313,658
Accretion and interest expense recognized during the year 4,915 7,672 12,587
Conversion to common shares (136,777) (189,468) (326,245)
October 31, 2021 $- $- $-
Authorized: Unlimited common shares without par value
Unlimited Class B Shares without par value

The holders of the Class B Shares are not entitled to receive notice of and to attend any meeting of the shareholders of Cognetivity or to vote on any matter at any meetings of shareholders of Cognetivity.

The holders of Class B Shares are not entitled to receive dividends. The holders of the Class B Shares shall be entitled, in the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding up, whether voluntary or involuntary, or any other distribution of assets among the Company's shareholders for the purpose of winding up its affairs, to share rateably, together with the holders of common shares in such assets of Cognetivity as are available for distribution.

Each Class B Share shall automatically convert into one common share, without payment of additional consideration, upon Cognetivity attaining the CE Marketing approval for the cognitive assessment tool kit as a medical device.

All Class B Shares are not subject to any pre-emptive rights, retraction or surrender provisions, sinking or purchase fund provisions, provisions permitting or restricting the issuance of additional securities or provisions requiring a shareholder to contribute additional capital. The Class B Shares shall not be subdivided, consolidated, reclassified or otherwise changed unless contemporaneously therewith the common shares are adjusted proportionately.

A. Issued shares

  • a) On October 8, 2021, the Company issued 117,500 common shares to a consultant for services provided to the Company for a amount of $79,900.
  • b) On August 9, 2021, as a result of the conversion of convertible debentures, the Company issued 526,064 common shares (see Note 8a).
  • c) On August 31, 2021, as a result of the conversion of convertible debentures, the Company issued 1,457,449 common shares (see Note 8b).
  • d) On March 24, 2021, the Company issued 115,132 common shares to a consultant for services provided to the Company for an amount of $75,000.
  • e) During the period ended October 31, 2021, 50,000 stock options were exercised at $0.43 each for a total of $21,500. In relation to the exercise of the stock option, the fair value of $16,818 was allocated from reserves.
  • f) During the period ended October 31, 2021, 550,000 stock options were exercised at $0.25 each for a total of $137,500. In relation to the exercise of the stock option, the fair value of $114,455 was allocated from reserves.
  • g) During the period ended October 31, 2021, 208,349 warrants were exercised at $0.25 each for a total of $52,087. In relation to the exercise of the warrants, the proportionate fair value of $854 was allocated from reserves (see Note 9b).

h) During the period ended October 31, 2021, 417,057 warrants were exercised at $0.40 each for a total of $166,823. In relation to the exercise of the warrants, the proportionate fair value of $30,305 was allocated from reserves (see Note 9b).

9. SHARE CAPITAL (continued)

  • i) During the period ended October 31, 2021, 726,064 warrants were exercised at $0.30 each for a total of $217,819. In relation to the exercise of the warrants, the proportionate fair value of $nil was allocated from reserves (see Note 9b).
  • j) During the period ended October 31, 2021, 1,457,449 warrants were exercised at $0.15 each for a total of $218,617. In relation to the exercise of the warrants, the proportionate fair value of $nil was allocated from reserves (see Note 9b).
  • k) On January 14, 2021, as a result of the conversion of convertible debentures, the Company issued 214,183 common shares (see Note 8a).
  • l) On December 22, 2020, the Company completed a non-brokered private placement of 8,984,167 units at a price of $0.30 per Unit for gross proceeds of $2,695,250. Each unit consists of one common share and one-half of one common share purchase warrant (each whole common share purchase warrant, a "Warrant"). Each whole warrant will entitle the holder to purchase an

additional share at a price of $0.40 for a period of 24 months from closing. The fair values of warrants issued pursuant to the private placement financings have been estimated at the issue date using the residual method valuation. Given the market price of the Company's common shares on the date of closing of the private placements was in excess of the unit offering price, the residual value assigned to the warrants is $nil. In connection with the Offering, the Company has paid finders' fees equal to $156,818 in cash and 522,725 non-transferrable warrants (the "Finder's Warrants"). Each Finder's Warrant has the same terms as the Warrants issued under the Offering (see Note 9B).

  • m) On October 5, 2020, the Company issued 50,000 common shares at a price of $0.285 per common share to a consultant for services provided to the Company.

  • n) On May 8, 2020, as a result of the conversion of Class B Shares, the Company issued 10,000,002 common shares.

  • o) On May 4, 2020, the Company entered into a debt settlement agreement with an arms-length party to settle an aggregate $56,340 in debt. In settlement of the debt, the Company issued an aggregate of 315,616 common shares in the capital of the Company at a deemed price of $0.15 per share. The Company recognized a gain of $8,998 at the time of the settlement. The debt has been completely satisfied and extinguished upon the issuance of the shares.

  • p) On February 14, 2020, the Company entered into a debt settlement agreement with an arms-length party to settle an aggregate $85,250 in debt. In settlement of the debt, the Company issued an aggregate of 405,952 common shares in the capital of the Company at a deemed price of $0.21 per share. The debt has been completely satisfied and extinguished upon the issuance of the shares.

  • q) During the year ended January 31, 2021, 100,000 stock options were exercised at $0.145 each for a total of $14,500. In relation to the exercise of the stock option, the fair value of $12,201 was allocated from reserves.

  • r) During the year ended January 31, 2021, 951,300 warrants were exercised at $0.25 each for a total of $237,825. In relation to the exercise of the warrants, the proportionate fair value of $628 was allocated from reserves (see Note 9B).

B. Warrants

  • a) During the period ended October 31, 2021, 208,349 warrants were exercised at $0.25 each for a total of $52,087. In relation to the exercise of the warrants, the proportionate fair value of $854 was allocated from reserves (see Note 9A).
  • b) During the period ended October 31, 2021, 417,057 warrants were exercised at $0.40 each for a total of $166,823. In relation to the exercise of the warrants, the proportionate fair value of $30,305 was allocated from reserves (see Note 9A).
  • c) During the period ended October 31, 2021, 726,064 warrants were exercised at $0.30 each for a total of $217,819. In relation to the exercise of the warrants, the proportionate fair value of $nil was allocated from reserves (see Note 9A).
  • d) During the period ended October 31, 2021, 1,457,449 warrants were exercised at $0.15 each for a total of $218,617. In relation to the exercise of the warrants, the proportionate fair value of $nil was allocated from reserves (see Note 9A).
  • e) During the year ended January 31, 2021, 951,300 warrants were exercised at $0.25 each for a total of $237,825. In relation to the exercise of the warrants, the proportionate fair value of $628 was allocated from reserves (see Note 9A).
  • f) On December 22, 2020, as part of the private placement, the Company issued 4,492,084 warrants which were valued at $nil (see Note 9A(b)).

The Company issued 522,725 non-transferrable broker's warrants with the same terms as the warrants as finder's fees. The broker's warrants were valued at $172,082 using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model with the following assumption at the issue date: risk free interest rate of 0.22%; dividend yield of 0%; expected volatility of 138.97% and expected life of 2 years.

g) On January 14, 2021, as a result of the conversion of convertible debentures, the Company issued 214,183 warrant at exercise price of 0.30 for a period of 7 months.

B. Warrants (continued)

The following table reflects the continuity of warrants for the periods ended October 31, 2021 and January 31, 2021:

October 31, 2021 January 31, 2021
Weighted Weighted
Number of average Number of average
warrants exercise price warrants exercise price
$ $
Warrants outstanding, beginning of the year 5,948,945 0.38 3,340,263 0.35
Issued 1,983,513 0.19 5,228,992 0.40
Exercised (2,808,919) 0.22 (951,300) 0.25
Expired (14,183) 0.30 (1,669,010) 0.55
Warrants outstanding, end of the period 5,109,356 $0.38 5,948,945 $0.38

The warrants outstanding at October 31, 2021 are as follows:

Number Outstanding Exercise Price Grant Date Expiry Date
360,000 $0.25 January 30, 2020 January 30, 2022
151,604 $0.25 January 30, 2020 January 30, 2022
4,167,084 $0.40 December 22, 2020 December 22, 2022
430,668 $0.40 January 30, 2020 January 30, 2022
5,109,356

C. Options

The Company has adopted a Stock Option Plan (the "Plan") pursuant to which options may be granted to directors, officers and consultants of the Company. Under the terms of the Plan, the Company can issue a maximum of 10% of the issued and outstanding common shares at the time of the grant, and the exercise price of each option is equal to or above the market price of the common shares on the grant date. Options granted under the Plan including vesting and the term, are determined by, and at the discretion of, the Board of Directors.

The continuity of stock options for the periods ended October 31, 2021 and January 31, 2021 is as follows:

October 31, 2021 January 31, 2021
Number WeightedAverage Number WeightedAverage
of Options Exercise Price ofOptions ExercisePrice
$ $
Options outstanding, beginning of the year 4,618,000 0.26 4,100,000 0.27
Granted 1,630,000 0.68 618,000 0.27
Cancelled (50,000) 0.39 - -
Exercised (600,000) 0.27 (100,000) 0.15
Options outstanding, end of the period 5,598,000 0.39 4,618,000 0.26
Options exercisable, end of the period 5,084,666 0.31 4,100,000 0.26

The options outstanding at October 31, 2021 are as follows:

Number of Number of
Exercisable Options Options Exercise
Outstanding Outstanding Price Grant Date Expiry Date
$
3,600,000 3,050,000 0.25 March 19, 2018 March 19, 2023
100,000 50,000 0.43 June 22, 2018 June 22, 2023
150,000 150,000 0.41 December 11, 2018 December 11, 2021
100,000 100,000 0.41 December 11, 2018 December 11, 2023
100,000 100,000 0.21 February 14, 2020 February 14, 2025
518,000 518,000 0.29 October 5, 2020 October 5, 2025
- 80,000 0.84 March 1, 2021 March 1, 2026
516,667 1,550,000 0.67 Oct. 12, 2021 Oct. 12, 2026
5,084,666 5,598,000 0.39

a) On October 12, 2021, the Company granted 1,550,000 common share purchase options exercisable at $0.67 per share expiring in five years to employees and consultants of the Company. 1/3 of the options will vest immediately and 1/3 on each annual anniversary thereafter. Company valued the options using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model to estimate the fair value of the options using the following assumptions: risk free interest rate of 1.24%; dividend yield of 0%; expected volatility of 94.79%; and expected option life of 5 years. During the period ended October 31, 2021, the Company recorded a total share-based payment amount of $280,242.

C. Options (continued)

  • b) On March 1, 2021, the Company granted 80,000 common share purchase options exercisable at $0.84 per share expiring in five years to employees of the Company. 50% of the options will vest and become exercisable on March 1, 2022 and reminder 50% on March 1, 2023. Company valued the options using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model to estimate the fair value of the options using the following assumptions: risk free interest rate of 0.81%; dividend yield of 0%; expected volatility of 98.98%; and expected option life of 5 years. During the period ended October 31, 2021, the Company recorded a total share-based payment amount of $24,684.
  • c) On October 5, 2020, the Company granted 518,000 options to employees of the Company. The options are exercisable at $0.285, and will vest and become exercisable on or after October 5, 2021. The Company valued the options at $123,543 using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model to estimate the fair value of the options using the following assumptions: risk free interest rate of 0.33%; dividend yield of 0%; expected volatility of 124.67%; and expected option life of 5 years. During the period ended October 31, 2021, the Company recorded a total share-based payment amount of $83,375.
  • d) On February 14, 2020, the Company granted 100,000 options to an employee of the Company. The options are exercisable at $0.21, fully vested immediately and expire on February 14, 2025. The Company recorded a share-based payment amount of $19,370. The Company used the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model to estimate the fair value of the options using the following assumptions: risk free interest rate of 1.42%; dividend yield of 0%; expected volatility of 157.50%; and expected option life of 5 years.

D. Restricted share units

The Company approved the implementation of a restricted share units (the "RSU") plan on May 21, 2019, which RSU is designed to provide certain directors, officers, consultants and other key employees of the Company and its related entities with the opportunity to acquire restricted share of the Company. RSU may be exercised by any holder of RSU to receive an award payout of either: (a) one common share of the Company for each whole vested RSU; or (b) a cash amount equal to the defined date value of such vested RSU.

On October 12, 2021, the Company granted 3,200,000 RSUs to the directors and officers of the Company, in which 3,200,000 RSUs can be converted into common shares immediately and will expire on September 30, 2024.

On October 12, 2021, the Company granted 300,000 RSUs to a director and the consultants of the Company, in which 300,000 RSUs can be converted into common shares on February 12, 2022 and will expire on September 30, 2024.

On May 8, 2020, the Company granted 332,000 RSUs to a consultant of the Company, in which 332,000 RSUs can be converted into common shares after May 1, 2022, and will expire on September 30, 2023.

During the period ended October 31, 2021, the Company recorded a total share-based payment of $2,283,244 for the RSUs granted and no RSUs have been converted.

E. Escrow shares

As at October 31, 2021, the Company does not have any shares held in escrow (January 31, 2021 – 2,447,803) as the last release was on March 19, 2021.

10. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

During the periods ended October 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company incurred the following expenses to related parties:

2021 2020
Consulting fees and bonus– CEO and director $772,417 $154,827
Salaries and wages and bonus – CMO and director 612,101 46,448
Salaries and wages and bonus– CSO 585,226 46,448
Consulting fees – CCO and director 58,167 46,448
Consulting fees and bonus– COO 611,961 46,448
Share-based payment 2,444,287 -
$5,084,159 $340,619

As at October 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company has the following balance owing to (due from) related parties:

October 31, 2021 January 31, 2020
$ $
CEO and a director 614,766 (2,648)
CMO and director 483,560
CSO 477,292 (12,291)
CCO and a director 21,459 5,260
COO 509,846 8,671

Due to/from related parties are unsecured, non-interest bearing, and due on demand with no specific terms of repayment.

On September 26, 2019, the Company entered into a convertible loan agreement with the CEO and Director of the Company and issued a convertible note in the aggregate principal amount of $164,110. During the period ended October 31, 2021, $164,110 of Notes with unpaid interest of $25,358 were converted into the Company's common shares and warrant and a total of 1,457,449 units were issued upon conversion. (see Note 8).

On September 26, 2021, the Company entered a promissory note (Loan) with the CEO and Director of the Company. The Company loan to him for a total amount of $218,617 with maturity to March 26, 2022 at an interest rate of 3.75% per annum, calculated and compounded monthly in arrears, and payable at the expiry of the term. The Loan will be secured by way of a hypothecation of 1,457,449 common shares of the Company, registered in the name of the CEO and Director's spouse with authority and direction hereby to sell such number of shares to satisfy repayment of the Loan plus the interest rate in the event of default by him (see Note 5).

11. Loan Facility

During the period ended October 31, 2021, Cog UK has been granted a loan facility of up to GBP £740,000 (CAD $1.28m) to support the Company in its product development and commercialisation activities through the coming year. The Company has previously received grant funding through the UK Government Innovate UK program, and this new facility will be made available through Innovate UK's Innovation Continuity Loans scheme.

The loan itself allows draw-downs throughout 2021 in an initial availability period of 12 months, followed by a 24 month extension period where no repayment needs to be made, carrying a deferred interest rate of 3.7% per annum, followed by a 36 month repayment period.

GBP $
As at January 31, 2021 and 2020 -
Loan received 531,681 898,966
Interest expenses 8,073 13,650
Loan repayment (6,043) (10,218)
As at October 31, 2021 533,711 902,399

12. GOVERNMENT GRANT

During the period ended October 31, 2021, the Company received GBP5,010 ($8,665) payment from Innovate UK which has been recognized as other income. Innovate UK is a public body funded by the UK government.

13. NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES

October 31, 2021 October 31, 2020
Shares issued for debt settlement (Note 9A) $- $ 85,250
Shares issued from warrants exercised (Note 9A) 31,159 -
Shares issued from option exercised(Note 9A) 131,273 -
Share issued for services (Note 9A) 154,900 -
Issuance of restricted share units (Note 9D) 2,283,244 10,506

14. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND FINANCIAL RISK

Fair value of financial instruments

Financial instruments of the Company carried on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position are all carried at amortized cost. There are no significant differences between the carrying value of these financial instruments carried at amortized cost and their estimated fair values as at October 31, 2021 and 2020 due to the short term nature of the instruments.

The Company's financial instruments are exposed to certain financial risks, which include the following:

14. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND FINANCIAL RISK (continued)

Credit risk

Credit risk is the risk of loss due to the counterparty's inability to meet its obligations. The Company's exposure to credit risk is on its cash. Risk associated with cash is managed through the use of major banks which are high credit quality financial institutions as determined by rating agencies.

Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will encounter difficulties in meeting obligations when they become due. The Company aims to ensure that there is sufficient capital in order to meet short-term operating requirements, after taking into account the Company's holdings of cash. The Company believes that the capital sources will be sufficient to cover the expected short and long-term cash requirements by obtaining financing through the issuance of debt or common shares.

Contractual maturities of financial liabilities as at October 31, 2021 are presented below:

Less than 1 year 1-3 years Total
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $3,157,788 - $3,157,788
Due to related parties $61,054 - $61,054
Loan Facility - $902,399 $902,399
Total $3,218,842 $902,399 $4,121,241

Interest rate risk

The Company has cash balances. The Company's current policy is to invest excess cash in investmentgrade short-term deposit certificates issued by its banking institutions. The Company periodically monitors the investments it makes and is satisfied with the credit ratings of its banks. The Company is not exposed to significant interest rate risk.

Foreign exchange risk

Foreign currency risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in foreign exchange rates. The Company does not have significant exposure to foreign exchange risk because it has minimum transactions in foreign currency.

15. CAPITAL MANAGEMENT

The Company considers its cash and share capital as capital. The Company's objectives when managing capital are to safeguard the Company's ability to continue as a going concern in order to maintain a flexible capital structure which optimizes the costs of capital at an acceptable risk.

The Company manages the capital structure and makes adjustments to it in light of changes in economic conditions and the risk characteristics of the underlying assets. To maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Company may attempt to issue new shares, issue new debt, acquire or dispose of assets or adjust the amount of cash. In order to maximize ongoing development efforts, the Company does not pay out dividends.

The Company is not subject to any externally imposed capital restructure. There was no change in the Company's approach to capital management during the year ended October 31, 2021.

16. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

Subsequent to period ended October 31, 2021, the Company issued 116,000 common shares pursuant to the exercise of 116,000 share purchase warrants for proceeds of $29,000.

Subsequent to period ended October 31, 2021, the Company issued 220,000 common shares to a consultants for services provided to the Company for an amount of $140,800.

Subsequent to period ended October 31, 2021, the Company issued 150,000 common shares pursuant to the exercise of 150,000 share purchase options for proceeds of $61,500.