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CNP Assurances — Earnings Release 2019
Feb 20, 2020
1208_iss_2020-02-20_efb29f30-bd19-462e-a918-0cf7ef236d7b.pdf
Earnings Release
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Press Release
Paris – 20 February 2020
2019 Annual Results Attributable net profit up 3.3% at €1,412 million Consolidated SCR coverage ratio of 227% Recommended dividend of €0.94 per share(1)
HIGHLIGHTS
- Premium income of €33.5 billion, up 3.5% (up 4.0% like-for-like(2))
- 42.3% of Savings/Pensions premiums represented by unit-linked contracts
- Term Creditor Insurance premiums up 5.6%, with all host regions and the Group's main partners contributing to growth
- €3.3 billion net inflow to unit-linked contracts and €3.0 billion net outflow from traditional products in France
- EBIT of €3,041 million, up 4.0% (up 5.0% like-for-like)
- Attributable net profit of €1,412 million, up 3.3% (up 4.0% like-for-like)
- APE margin of 17.1%
- Consolidated SCR coverage ratio of 227%(3)
- Recommended dividend up 5.6% to €0.94 per share
Antoine Lissowski, CNP Assurances' Chief Executive Officer, said:
"CNP Assurances' 2019 results are an illustration of our business model's robustness, rooted in our diverse business base and our relationships with partners around the world.
The Group's financial strength is now recognised in its solvency ratio, with the inclusion of the policyholders' surplus reserve that has been accrued on a conservative basis.
The lasting negative interest rate environment requires CNP Assurances to continue actively revamping its policyholder service offer.
By maintaining a high level of financial strength and assertively contributing to the fight against climate change, CNP Assurances is helping to give momentum to the new public financial entity."
1 Recommended at the Annual General Meeting of 17 April 2020
2 Average exchange rates:
At 31 December 2019: Brazil: €1 = BRL 4.41; Argentina: €1 = ARS 53.88
At 31 December 2018: Brazil: €1 = BRL 4.31; Argentina: €1 = ARS 32.99
3 Including the policyholders' surplus reserve, in accordance with the calculation method recommended by the insurance supervisor (ACPR) pursuant to the Ministerial Order on life insurance companies' surplus funds published in the Journal Officiel dated 28 December 2019, which applies to all organisations governed by France's Insurance Code.
1. 2019 premium income and new business margin
The Group's consolidated premium income for the year totalled €33.5 billion, up 3.5% (up 4.0% like-for-like).
In France, premium income rose slightly by 0.3% to €21.6 billion.
Savings/Pensions premium income was 0.4% higher, at €17.5 billion (€8.3 billion for LBP and €5.2 billion for BPCE). In the Savings segment, strong growth of 42% at CNP Patrimoine offset a 14% decline in premium income generated by the BPCE network that was mainly due to lower Fourgous transfers by the banking group's customers. The contribution of unit-linked contracts to Savings/Pensions premiums stood at 20.1%. Savings/Pensions net new money reflected a €3.3 billion net inflow to unit-linked contracts and a €3.0 billion net outflow from traditional products.
Personal Risk/Protection premium income was virtually stable (down 0.1%) at €4.1 billion, with 4.5% growth in term creditor insurance premiums (generated mainly by the BPCE network) almost entirely offsetting the decline in premiums from group insurance that was due to a more selective underwriting approach.
The new business margin slipped to 12.3% in 2019 from 19.7% the previous year due to unfavourable economic conditions (higher cost of capital guarantees in the Savings segment, in the low interest rate environment).
In Europe excluding France, premium income amounted to €5.1 billion, a modest decrease of 3.8%.
Savings/Pensions premium income contracted by 5.8% due to a decline in sales following the withdrawal from the market of certain tax-advantaged products in Italy. CNP Luxembourg reported premiums up 29% at €793 million, of which 45% came from unit-linked contracts.
Personal Risk/Protection premiums came to €1.1 billion, an increase of 4.5% that was led by CNP Santander (notably in Poland, Spain, Italy and Austria).
The new business margin rose to 21.4% from 16.9% in 2018, reflecting the higher contribution of CNP Santander and the increase in the Group's interest in CIH.
In Latin America, premium income totalled €6.8 billion, up 23.3% as reported (up 26.5% at constant exchange rates).
Savings/Pensions premium income was 30.4% higher (up 33.6% at constant exchange rates) at €5.2 billion, with Caixa Seguradora going from strength to strength in this segment, which is a strategic priority for Caixa Econômica Federal. The proportion of Savings/Pensions premiums represented by unit-linked contracts remained very high, at 98.7%.
Personal Risk/Protection premiums totalled €1.5 billion, up 4% as reported (up 7% at constant exchange rates). The solid growth was attributable to higher sales of consumer finance credit insurance (Prestamista). The increase in premiums from home loan credit insurance (Hipotecario) was due for the most part to a low basis of comparison. The new business margin held firm, at 29.7% in 2019 versus 30.1% in 2018,
The Value of New Business (VNB) written by the Group1 was €543 million in 2019, breaking down as follows between the main partners and subsidiaries: 51% from the partnership with BPCE, 37% from Caixa Seguradora, 8% from CNP Santander Insurance, 7% from the partnership with La Banque Postale, and -3% from other networks.
Average consolidated net technical reserves totalled €320.8 billion at 31 December 2019, compared with €313.0 billion the year before, an increase of 2.4%.
1 The Value of New Business is calculated on a group share basis
2019 Results Press Release 2
CNP Assurances | Headquarters: 4, place Raoul Dautry 75716 Paris cedex 15 – 00 33 1 42 18 88 88 I www.cnp.fr I Groupe Caisse des Dépôts Société anonyme. Paid up capital €686,618,477 I Registration no. 341 737 062 RCS Paris – Governed by the French Insurance Code (Code des assurances)
2. 2019 results
Net insurance revenue (NIR) came to €3,220 million, up 3.4% (up 4.4% like-for-like).
In France, net insurance revenue rose by 0.6% to €1,814 million. The Savings/Pensions business grew while the Personal Risk/Protection business contracted slightly.
In Europe excluding France, net insurance revenue was up a strong 20.0% at €289 million, driven by excellent momentum in the Personal Risk/Protection business.
In Latin America, net insurance revenue came to €1,117 million, an increase of 4.5% as reported (up 7.4% at constant exchange rates) that reflected the impact of rapid growth in the pensions, consumer finance term creditor insurance and personal risk businesses.
Revenue from own-funds portfolios was up 2.0% as reported (up 2.9% like-for-like) at €747 million, lifted by higher realised capital gains in France on the equity portfolio.
Total revenue rose 3.1% as reported (up 4.1% like-for-like) to €3,967 million.
Administrative costs amounted to €926 million, up 0.4% as reported (up 1.4% like-for-like). Administrative costs in France were stable at €611 million. As of end-2019, the recurring cost base had been reduced by €14 million on a full-year basis (compared with the 2018 baseline). This was in line with the objective of recurring savings of €45 million by 2021.
The cost/income ratio improved by 0.9 points to 28.8%.
At €3,041 million, EBIT was up 4.0% as reported and up 5.0% like-for-like. The Group total breaks down as follows: 30.2% from the partnership with BPCE, 20.1% from Caixa Seguradora, 19.4% from the partnership with La Banque Postale, 1.5% from CNP Santander Insurance, 1.3% from CNP UniCredit Vita, 19.8% from the own funds portfolios and 7.7% from other businesses.
Attributable net profit came to €1,412 million, an increase of 3.3% as reported (up 4.0% like-for-like). Earnings per share rose 3.5% to €1.99.
At the Annual General Meeting on 17 April 2020, the Board of Directors will recommend increasing the dividend by 5.6% to €0.94 per share (from €0.89 for 2018). If the shareholders approve the dividend, the shares will trade ex–dividend from 23 April 2020 and the dividend will be paid on 27 April 2020.
Net operating free cash flow generated over the year totalled €1,350 million or €1.97 per share and covered the recommended dividend 2.0 times.
IFRS book value was €17.5 billion at 31 December 2019, representing €25.5 per share compared to €23.2 at 31 December 2018.
MCEV© was €20.6 billion at 31 December 2019, representing €29.9 per share compared to €31.8 at 31 December 2018. The 2019 figure takes into account the advance recognition of the BRL 7 billion payment that will be due by CNP Assurances when the various conditions precedent applicable to the new distribution agreement in Brazil have been fulfilled.
The consolidated SCR coverage ratio was 227% at 31 December 2019 versus 187% at end-2018. The 40-point improvement reflected the inclusion of the policyholders' surplus reserve, in line with the applicable regulations, and the reduction in interest rates. The increase between 2018 and 2019 breaks down as follows: creation of capital net of dividends for +4 points, effect of the addendum to the distribution agreement in Brazil for -3 points, subordinated notes issues in 2019 (€1 billion net of repayments) for +7 points, the effect of changes in the financial markets for -34 points, inclusion of the policyholders' surplus reserve in Tier 1 for +60 points and other effects for +6 points.
For 2020, CNP Assurances is targeting growth in attributable net profit of between 3% and 7%2 .
The 2019 financial statements of CNP Assurances were reviewed by the Board of Directors at its meeting on 19 February 2020 and are subject to completion of the audit by CNP Assurances' Statutory Auditors. This press release includes a certain number of alternative performance measures (APMs). These APMs and their calculation method are presented in the Investors section of the CNP Assurances website at https://www.cnp.fr/en/the-cnp-assurancesgroup/investors/results/results-presentation/2019-results.
2 This projection is based on current market conditions. It may be revised by CNP Assurances, notably in the event of a downturn in economic conditions.
2019 Results Press Release 3
CNP Assurances | Headquarters: 4, place Raoul Dautry 75716 Paris cedex 15 – 00 33 1 42 18 88 88 I www.cnp.fr I Groupe Caisse des Dépôts Société anonyme. Paid up capital €686,618,477 I Registration no. 341 737 062 RCS Paris – Governed by the French Insurance Code (Code des assurances)
As of 31 December 2019, the Group had exceeded three of its 2021 targets related to the environmental and energy transition (EET). It made €7.0 billion worth of new green3 investments in the past two years versus a target of €5 billion for the period 2018-2021, lifting the amount invested in this asset class to over €14.4 billion at the end of 2019. The objective of reducing the equity portfolio's carbon footprint to 0.25 teqCO2/€k invested4 by end-2021 had been exceeded as of 31 December 2019, with a rate of 0.23 teqCO2/€k invested at that date. The objective of reducing the property portfolio's carbon footprint to 18 kgeqCO2/sq.m. by end-2021 was on the verge of being met as of 31 December 2019, with a rate of 19 kgeqCO2/sq.m. at that date. Lastly, CNP Assurances has fulfilled its commitment not to make any new investments in coal mining companies or coal-fired power plant operators that derive more than 10% of their revenue from thermal coal.
2019 Results Press Release 4
3 Forests, green bonds, high energy performance buildings, green infrastructure projects such as renewable energy projects and low-carbon transportation and mobility systems
4 CO2-equivalent tonnes per thousand euros invested
CNP Assurances | Headquarters: 4, place Raoul Dautry 75716 Paris cedex 15 – 00 33 1 42 18 88 88 I www.cnp.fr I Groupe Caisse des Dépôts Société anonyme. Paid up capital €686,618,477 I Registration no. 341 737 062 RCS Paris – Governed by the French Insurance Code (Code des assurances)
| 2019 | 2018 | % change (reported) |
% change (like-for-like) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Premium income | 33,496 | 32,367 | +3.5 | +4.0 |
| Average net technical reserves | 320.792 | 313.035 | +2.4 | - |
| Total revenue | 3,967 | 3,846 | +3.1 | +4.1 |
| Net insurance revenue (NIR), of which: | 3,220 | 3,113 | +3.4 | +4.4 |
| France | 1,814 | 1,804 | +0.6 | +0.6 |
| Latin America | 1,117 | 1,069 | +4.5 | +7.4 |
| Europe excluding France | 289 | 241 | +20.0 | +20.0 |
| Revenue from own-funds portfolios | 747 | 733 | +2.0 | +2.9 |
| Administrative costs, of which: | 926 | 922 | +0.4 | +1.4 |
| France | 611 | 611 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Latin America | 186 | 187 | -0.3 | +4.6 |
| Europe excluding France | 129 | 125 | +3.2 | +3.2 |
| Earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) | 3,041 | 2,924 | +4.0 | +5.0 |
| Finance costs | (251) | (248) | +0.9 | +0.9 |
| Non-controlling and net equity accounted interests |
(546) | (504) | +8.3 | +10.9 |
| Attributable recurring profit | 2,244 | 2,171 | +3.4 | +4.1 |
| Income tax expense | (694) | (677) | +2.4 | +3.2 |
| Fair value adjustments and net gains (losses) | 482 | 89 | n.m. | n.m. |
| Non-recurring items | (620) | (216) | n.m. | n.m. |
| Attributable net profit | 1,412 | 1,367 | +3.3 | +4.0 |
APPENDICES
Premium income by country
| (in € millions) | 2019 | 2018 | % change (reported) |
% change (like-for-like) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| France | 21,630 | 21,571 | +0.3 | +0.3 |
| Brazil | 6,733 | 5,452 | +23.5 | +26.5 |
| Italy | 3,261 | 3,638 | -10.4 | -10.4 |
| Luxembourg | 793 | 616 | +28.8 | +28.8 |
| Germany | 472 | 483 | -2.2 | -2.2 |
| Spain | 242 | 263 | -8.1 | -8.1 |
| Cyprus | 163 | 153 | +6.5 | +6.5 |
| Poland | 92 | 83 | +11.2 | +11.2 |
| Denmark | 20 | 22 | -9.0 | -9.0 |
| Norway | 21 | 21 | -1.4 | -1.4 |
| Austria | 21 | 13 | +56.8 | +56.8 |
| Argentina | 21 | 27 | -22.8 | +26.2 |
| Portugal | 5 | 5 | +7.6 | +7.6 |
| Other International | 21 | 17 | +21.5 | +21.5 |
| Total International | 11,866 | 10,795 | +9.9 | +11.6 |
| Total | 33,496 | 32,367 | +3.5 | +4.0 |
Premium income by segment
| (in € millions) | 2019 | 2018 | % change (reported) |
% change (like-for-like) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Savings | 20,488 | 20,642 | -0.7 | -0.7 |
| Pensions | 6,273 | 5,089 | +23.3 | +25.7 |
| Personal Risk Insurance | 1,618 | 1,738 | -6.9 | -5.8 |
| Term Creditor Insurance | 4,305 | 4,075 | +5.6 | +6.1 |
| Health Insurance | 420 | 449 | -6.3 | -6.2 |
| Property & Casualty | 393 | 374 | +5.1 | +7.4 |
| Total | 33,496 | 32,367 | +3.5 | +4.0 |
2019 Results Press Release 6
Premium income by country and by segment
| 2019 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (in € millions) | Savings | Pensions | Personal Risk Insurance |
Term Creditor Insurance |
Health Insurance |
Property & Casualty |
Total |
| France | 16,381 | 1,106 | 1,043 | 2,742 | 359 | 0 | 21,630 |
| Brazil | 58 | 5,152 | 504 | 655 | 24 | 340 | 6,733 |
| Italy | 3,050 | 12 | 27 | 171 | 0 | 0 | 3,261 |
| Luxembourg | 793 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 793 |
| Germany | 0 | 0 | 6 | 466 | 0 | 0 | 472 |
| Spain | 137 | 2 | 3 | 99 | 0 | 0 | 242 |
| Cyprus | 60 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 38 | 52 | 163 |
| Poland | 0 | 0 | 10 | 82 | 0 | 0 | 92 |
| Denmark | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 20 |
| Norway | 0 | 0 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 21 |
| Austria | 0 | 0 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 21 |
| Argentina | 5 | 0 | 12 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 21 |
| Portugal | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
| Other International | 2 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 21 |
| Total International | 4,107 | 5,167 | 575 | 1,563 | 62 | 393 | 11,866 |
| Total | 20,488 | 6,273 | 1,618 | 4,305 | 420 | 393 | 33,496 |
Premium income by region and by partner/subsidiary
| (in € millions) | 2019 | 2018 | % change |
|---|---|---|---|
| La Banque Postale | 8,543 | 8,530 | +0.2 |
| BPCE | 6,444 | 7,129 | -9.6 |
| CNP Patrimoine | 3,059 | 2,158 | +41.8 |
| Social protection partners (France) | 2,094 | 2,194 | -4.5 |
| Financial institutions (France) | 1,197 | 1,256 | -4.7 |
| Amétis | 251 | 270 | -7.2 |
| Other France | 41 | 34 | +21.6 |
| Total France | 21,630 | 21,571 | +0.3 |
| Caixa Seguradora (Brazil) | 6,733 | 5,452 | +23.5 |
| CNP UniCredit Vita (Italy) | 3,051 | 3,369 | -9.4 |
| CNP Luxembourg (Luxembourg) | 793 | 616 | +28.8 |
| CNP Santander Insurance (Ireland) | 765 | 743 | +3.0 |
| CNP Partners (Spain) | 272 | 378 | -28.0 |
| CNP Cyprus Insurance Holdings (Cyprus) | 167 | 157 | +6.1 |
| CNP Assurances Compañía de Seguros (Argentina) | 21 | 27 | -22.8 |
| Other International | 64 | 52 | +22.4 |
| Total International | 11,866 | 10,795 | +9.9 |
| Total | 33,496 | 32,367 | +3.5 |
Unit-linked sales
by region and by partner/subsidiary
| (in € millions) | 2019 | 2018 | % change |
|---|---|---|---|
| La Banque Postale | 1,273 | 1,399 | -9.0 |
| BPCE | 845 | 1,441 | -41.4 |
| CNP Patrimoine | 1,280 | 952 | +34.5 |
| Amétis | 62 | 90 | -30.7 |
| Other France | 46 | 33 | +39.8 |
| Total Unit-linked France | 3,506 | 3,914 | -10.4 |
| Caixa Seguradora (Brazil) | 5,150 | 3,945 | +30.5 |
| CNP UniCredit Vita (Italy) | 2,168 | 2,436 | -11.0 |
| CNP Partners (Spain) | 79 | 145 | -45.7 |
| CNP Luxembourg (Luxembourg) | 354 | 280 | +26.3 |
| CNP Cyprus Insurance Holdings (Cyprus) | 60 | 58 | +3.6 |
| Total Unit-linked International | 7,811 | 6,864 | +13.8 |
| Total Unit-linked | 11,317 | 10,778 | +5.0 |
Unit-linked sales as a proportion of Savings/Pensions premiums
by region
| 2019 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (in € millions) | Savings/Pensions | o/w Unit-linked | o/w Traditional | % Unit-linked |
| France | 17,487 | 3,506 | 13,981 | 20.1 |
| Latin America | 5,216 | 5,150 | 66 | 98.7 |
| Europe excluding France | 4,058 | 2,661 | 1,397 | 65.6 |
| Total | 26,761 | 11,317 | 15,444 | 42.3 |
2019 Results Press Release 9
Premium income from partnership with La Banque Postale
| (in € millions) | 2019 | 2018 | % change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Savings | 7,980 | 7,945 | +0.4 |
| Pensions | 364 | 405 | -10.2 |
| Personal Risk Insurance | 18 | 17 | +5.8 |
| Term Creditor Insurance | 181 | 162 | +11.6 |
| Total | 8,543 | 8,530 | +0.2 |
Premium income from partnership with BPCE
| (in € millions) | 2019 | 2018 | % change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Savings | 5,099 | 5,946 | -14.2 |
| Pensions | 108 | 107 | +1.0 |
| Personal Risk Insurance | 108 | 117 | -7.2 |
| Term Creditor Insurance | 1,128 | 960 | +17.6 |
| Total | 6,444 | 7,129 | -9.6 |
Caixa Seguradora premium income by segment in BRL
| (in BRL millions) | 2019 | 2018 | % change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Savings | 256 | 209 | +22.4 |
| Pensions | 22,740 | 17,007 | +33.7 |
| Personal Risk Insurance | 2,222 | 2,222 | 0.0 |
| Term Creditor Insurance | 2,893 | 2,390 | +21.0 |
| Health Insurance | 105 | 272 | -61.4 |
| Property & Casualty | 1,500 | 1,392 | +7.8 |
| Total | 29,717 | 23,492 | +26.5 |
CNP UniCredit Vita premium income by segment
| (in € millions) | 2019 | 2018 | % change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Savings | 2,935 | 3,256 | -9.9 |
| Pensions | 12 | 13 | -4.4 |
| Personal Risk Insurance | 25 | 20 | +24.2 |
| Term Creditor Insurance | 78 | 79 | -1.2 |
| Total | 3,051 | 3,369 | -9.4 |
CNP Santander Insurance premium income by country
| (in € millions) | 2019 | 2018 | % change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Germany | 472.4 | 482.8 | -2.2 |
| Poland | 92.4 | 83.1 | +11.2 |
| Spain | 81.8 | 72.2 | +13.2 |
| Italy | 38.7 | 34.6 | +12.0 |
| Denmark | 20.2 | 22.2 | -9.0 |
| Norway | 21.1 | 21.4 | -1.4 |
| Austria | 21.1 | 13.4 | +56.8 |
| Sweden | 10.1 | 8.1 | +23.7 |
| Finland | 4.3 | 4.0 | +8.3 |
| Belgium | 2.3 | 0.7 | n.m. |
| Netherlands | 0.1 | 0.0 | n.m. |
| Total | 765 | 743 | +3.0 |
2019 Results Press Release 11
Investor Calendar
- Annual General Meeting: Friday, 17 April 2020
- First-quarter 2020 results indicators: Friday, 15 May 2020 at 7:30 a.m.
- First-half 2020 premium income and profit: Monday, 3 August 2020 at 7:30 a.m.
- Nine-month 2020 results indicators: Thursday, 19 November 2020 at 7:30 a.m.
This press release, along with all of CNP Assurances' regulated information published in accordance with Article L.451-1-2 of the French Monetary and Financial Code and Articles 222-1 et seq. of the Autorité des Marchés Financiers' General Regulations, is available on the Group's investor information website at www.cnp.fr/en/investor-analyst.
About CNP Assurances
A benchmark player in the French personal insurance market, CNP Assurances is active in 19 countries in Europe and Latin America, with a significant presence in Brazil, its second largest market. Acting as an insurer, co-insurer and reinsurer, CNP Assurances develops innovative personal risk/protection and savings/pensions solutions. It has more than 37 million personal risk/protection insureds worldwide and more than 14 million savings/pensions policyholders. In line with its business model, the Group's solutions are distributed by multiple partners. The solutions are aligned with each partner's physical or digital distribution model, while also being tailored to local clients' needs in each country.
CNP Assurances has been listed on the Paris Stock Exchange since October 1998. The Group reported net profit of €1,412 million in 2019.

2019 Results Press Release 12
Disclaimer:
Some of the statements contained in this document may be forward-looking statements referring to projections, future events, trends or objectives that, by their very nature, involve inherent risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those currently anticipated in such statements. These risks and uncertainties may concern factors such as changes in general economic conditions and financial market performance, legal or regulatory decisions or changes, changes in the frequency and amount of insured claims, changes in interest rates and foreign exchange rates, changes in the policies of central banks or governments, legal proceedings, the effects of acquisitions and divestments, and general factors affecting competition. Further information regarding factors which may cause results to differ materially from those projected in forward-looking statements is included in CNP Assurances' filings with the Autorité des Marchés Financiers. CNP Assurances does not undertake to update any forward-looking statements presented herein to take into account any new information, future event or other factors.
Certain prior-period information may be reclassified on a basis consistent with current year data. The sum of the amounts presented in this document may not correspond exactly to the total indicated in the tables and the text. Percentages and percentage changes are calculated based on unrounded figures and there may be certain minor differences between the amounts and percentages due to rounding. CNP Assurances' final solvency indicators are submitted post-publication to the insurance supervisor and may differ from the explicit and implicit estimates contained in this document.
This document may contain alternative performance measures (such as EBIT) that are considered useful by CNP Assurances but are not recognised in the IFRSs adopted for use in the European Union. These measures should be treated as additional information and not as substitutes for the balance sheet and income statement prepared in accordance with IFRS. They may not be comparable with those published by other companies, as their definition may vary from one company to another.