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CHALICE MINING LIMITED — M&A Activity 2009
Jul 2, 2009
64649_rns_2009-07-02_b48f85c0-0fd0-4fcf-b63e-aa24c0f3cfcf.pdf
M&A Activity
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CONTENTS
| LETTERFROMTHECHAIRMANOFSUBSAHARARESOURCESNL...................................4 | LETTERFROMTHECHAIRMANOFSUBSAHARARESOURCESNL...................................4 |
|---|---|
| WHATDOYOUNEEDTODO?.......................................................................................................6 | |
| IMPORTANTDATES ........................................................................................................................7 | |
| IMPORTANTNOTES ........................................................................................................................7 | |
| SUMMARYOFTHEPROPOSAL.................................................................................................. 11 | |
| FREQUENTLYASKEDQUESTIONS ........................................................................................... 14 | |
| 1. | INTERPRETATION......................................................................................................... 18 |
| 2. | INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................................. 21 |
| 3. | ANALYSISOFPROPOSAL............................................................................................. 21 |
| 4. | BACKGROUNDINFORMATIONONSBS ................................................................... 23 |
| 5. | BASISOFTHESCHEME................................................................................................. 24 |
| 6. | PROCEDURALSTEPS..................................................................................................... 24 |
| 7. | RELEVANTTIME............................................................................................................. 24 |
| 8. | IMPLEMENTATIONOFTHESCHEME....................................................................... 25 |
| 9. | CLOSINGOFREGISTER................................................................................................. 25 |
| 10. | ASXQUOTATION............................................................................................................ 25 |
| 11. | FOREIGNSCHEMEPARTICIPANTS ........................................................................... 25 |
| 12. | TAXIMPLICATIONS....................................................................................................... 26 |
| 13. | ADMINISTRATOR........................................................................................................... 26 |
| 14. | DIRECTORS'RECOMMENDATIONS .......................................................................... 26 |
| 15. | CHALICE'SVOTINGPOWERINSBS .......................................................................... 26 |
| 16. | MARKETABLESECURITIESOFSBSHELDBYORONBEHALFOFDIRECTORS |
| OFSBS……......................................................................................................................... 26 | |
| 17. | MARKETABLESECURITIESOFCHALICEHELDBYORONBEHALFOF |
| DIRECTORSOFSBS........................................................................................................ 27 | |
| 18. | DEALINGSINMARKETABLESECURITIESOFSBS................................................ 27 |
| 19. | DEALINGSINMARKETABLESECURITIESOFCHALICE...................................... 27 |
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| 20. | VOTINGINTENTIONSOFDIRECTORSANDOTHERS.......................................... 27 |
|---|---|
| 21. | PAYMENTSOROTHERBENEFITSTOOFFICERSOFSBS ................................... 27 |
| 22. | INTERESTSOFDIRECTORSANDOTHERS.............................................................. 27 |
| 23. | OTHERAGREEMENTSORARRANGEMENTSWITHDIRECTORS..................... 29 |
| 24. | MATERIALCHANGESINTHEFINANCIALPOSITIONOFSBS............................ 29 |
| 25. | OTHERMATERIALINFORMATION........................................................................... 29 |
| 26. | INDEPENDENTEXPERT'SREPORT .......................................................................... 29 |
| 27. | INFORMATIONINRELATIONTOCHALICESHARES ........................................... 29 |
| 28. | INTENTIONSOFTHESBSDIRECTORS .................................................................... 30 |
| 29. | ADDITIONALCONSENTS.............................................................................................. 30 |
| 30. | ACTIONTOBETAKENBYSCHEMEPARTICIPANTS ........................................... 31 |
| APPENDICES | |
| 1. | SUMMARYOFMERGERIMPLEMENTATIONAGREEMENT…………...................32 |
| 2. | SCHEMEOFARRANGEMENT………………………………………………...........................34 |
| 1. | INTERPRETATION..............................................................................................................34 |
| 2. | THESCHEME.........................................................................................................................34 |
| 3. | DEALINGSINSCHEMESHARES....................................................................................35 |
| 4. | NOTICETOHOLDERSOFSCHEMESHARES............................................................35 |
| 5. | ISSUEOFCHALICESHARES............................................................................................36 |
| 6. | FOREIGNSCHEMEPARTICIPANTS..............................................................................36 |
| 7. | ISSUEANDTRADINGOFCHALICESHARES............................................................37 |
| 8. | WHENSCHEMEBECOMESBINDING..........................................................................38 |
| 9. | GENERAL.................................................................................................................................38 |
| 3. | TAXIMPLICATIONS…………………………………………………………………………………40 |
| 4. | SBSUNLISTEDSECURITIES…………………………………………………..........................42 |
| 5. | MARKETABLESECURITIESOFSBSHELDBYORONBEHALFOFDIRECTORS |
| OFSBS………………………………………………………………………………………………........45 |
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| 6. | DEALINGSINMARKETABLESECURITIESOFSBSANDCHALICE….................46 | |
|---|---|---|
| 7. | INFORMATIONABOUTCHALICE……………………………………………………………...47 | |
| 1. | BACKGROUND.......................................................................................................................47 | |
| 2. | CHALICE'SPROJECTS ........................................................................................................47 | |
| 3. | CHALICEHISTORICALFINANCIALINFORMATION.............................................49 | |
| 4. | LITIGATION ...................................................................................................................... 49 | |
| 5. | OWNERSHIPOFCHALICE ..............................................................................................49 | |
| 6. | CHALICE'SDIRECTORSANDSENIORMANAGEMENT........................................49 | |
| 8. | INFORMATIONABOUTTHEMERGEDGROUP…………………………………………..51 | |
| 1. | OVERVIEW..............................................................................................................................51 | |
| 2. | CONDUCTOFBUSINESSANDOTHERCORPORATEMATTERS......................51 | |
| 3. | SBS'SMANAGEMENTANDEMPLOYEES...................................................................51 | |
| 4. | COMBINEDGROUPCONSOLIDATEDPRO‐FORMABALANCESHEET..........51 | |
| 5.RISKS.....................…………………………………………………………………………………..53 | ||
| 6. | CAPITALSTRUCTUREANDOWNERSHIPOFTHEMERGEDGROUP............57 | |
| 7. | RIGHTSATTACHINGTONEWCHALICESHARES .................................................57 | |
| 9. | INDEPENDENTEXPERT'SREPORT…………………………………………………………..60 | |
| 10. | NOTICEOFMEETINGANDPROXYFORM……………………………………………….198 |
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LETTER FROM THE CHAIRMAN OF SUBSAHARA RESOURCES NL
3 JULY 2009
Dear Sub‐Sahara shareholders,
On 3 April 2009 the board of Sub‐Sahara Resources NL announced a proposal to merge with Chalice Gold Mines Limited, a company listed on the ASX with a strong balance sheet and resource projects in Western Australia.
The merger is to be implemented through a Scheme of Arrangement under which SBS shareholders will receive Chalice Shares in exchange for their SBS Shares. Full details of the proposal are contained in this booklet, which I encourage you to read carefully. In summary, under the merger:
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holders of SBS Shares will receive one Chalice Share for every 10.73 SBS shares held by them;
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SBS shareholders will collectively have an interest of approximately 39% in the Merged Group;
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SBS will become a wholly‐owned subsidiary of Chalice and will be de‐listed from the ASX; and
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the Merged Group will continue to be listed on the ASX and will expedite the development of the Zara Gold Project in Eritrea, in which SBS has a 69% interest.
Your directors believe that the proposal to merge with Chalice, which is subject to the approval of SBS shareholders, will benefit shareholders by enabling Chalice's substantial cash reserves to be utilised in developing the Zara Project. Under current market conditions an equity raising to fund that development would, your directors believe, only be undertaken on terms that would be highly dilutionary to SBS shareholders.
In addition, a merger with Chalice will diversify investment risk for SBS shareholders by giving them exposure to Chalice's own resource projects in Western Australia. Further information about those projects is contained in this booklet.
Simultaneously with implementation of the merger, Chalice will acquire a company which holds a further 11% interest in the Zara Project, with the result that the Merged Group will emerge with an 80% interest in that project.
Your directors unanimously support the merger and recommend that you vote in favour of it (as they intend to do in respect of their own holdings of SBS shares) at a meeting of SBS shareholders to be held on 4 August 2009. If you are unable to attend that meeting, you are encouraged to vote by completing the proxy form enclosed with this booklet and returning it to SBS in the enclosed reply‐paid envelope as soon as possible – and in any event not later than 10am (WST) on 2 August 2009.
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If you are in doubt as to the action you should take in relation to the merger proposal, you should consult your legal, financial or other professional adviser without delay. If you need any assistance in completing the proxy form, please call 1800 649 980 (within Australia) or +61 2 8256 3386 (outside Australia).
Yours sincerely,
==> picture [79 x 46] intentionally omitted <==
Barry Bolitho Chairman
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WHAT DO YOU NEED TO DO?
Your vote is important
For the merger with Chalice to proceed, it is necessary that sufficient SBS shareholders vote in favour of the Scheme of Arrangement.
If you are registered as a SBS shareholder as at 7.00pm (WST) on 2 August 2009, you will be entitled to vote on the resolution to approve the Scheme at the Scheme Meeting.
What you need to do
You need to:
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(a) decide whether or not you support the Scheme; and
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(b) either attend and vote in person at the Scheme Meeting on 4 August 2009 or return your Proxy Form to SBS's registered office at Ground Floor, 288 Stirling Street, Perth, WA 6000 (facsimile (08) 9227 3271) or by faxing the Proxy Form to SBS's share registrar, Computershare Investor Services Pty Ltd, on (08) 9323 2033 (within Australia) or +61 8 9323 2033 (outside Australia).
Voting
You may vote at the Scheme Meeting either in person or by proxy, attorney or (in the case of a company) corporate representative.
To vote by proxy, you should complete and return to SBS as soon as possible the Proxy Form which accompanies this Scheme Booklet. If you wish to vote FOR the Scheme of Arrangement, you must place an X in the FOR box for the resolution on the Proxy Form. To ensure that your Proxy Form is valid, you should return it to SBS by no later than 10:00am on 2 August 2009. You can do this by using the reply‐paid envelope enclosed with this Scheme Booklet or by faxing the Proxy Form to SBS's share registrar, Computershare Investor Services Pty Ltd, on (08) 9323 2033 (within Australia) or +61 8 9323 2033 (outside Australia).
Queries
If you have any questions in relation to the Scheme of Arrangement, please call 1800 649 980 (within Australia) or +61 2 8256 3386 (outside Australia) Monday to Friday between 9.00am and 5.00pm (WST), or consult your legal, financial or other professional adviser.
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IMPORTANT DATES
| IMPORTANTDATES | |
|---|---|
| Proxiestobereceivednotlaterthan10.00am(WST) | 2August2009 |
| Meeting of Scheme Participants to approve the Scheme of | 4August2009 |
| Arrangement | |
| If Scheme Participants approve the Scheme, the EXPECTED | |
| timetableis: | |
| CourthearingtoapprovetheScheme: | 12August2009 |
| LastdayforexercisingSBSOptionstoparticipateintheScheme | 14August2009 |
| (Cut‐offDate): | |
| TheSchemebecomesbinding(EffectiveDate): | 14August2009 |
| LastdayofASXtradinginSBSShares: | 14August2009 |
| RecorddatefordeterminingentitlementstoNewChaliceShares | 21August2009 |
| (RecordDate): | |
| SchemeSharestransferredtoChalice(ImplementationDate): | 26August2009 |
| Despatch of holding statements for New Chalice Shares and | 1September2009 |
| tradinginNewChaliceSharesontheASXcommences: |
IMPORTANT NOTES
Purpose of this Document
This document provides information to SBS shareholders necessary for them to make a decision as to how to vote on the resolution to approve the Scheme to be considered at the Scheme Meeting. It has been prepared pursuant to section 412(1) of the Corporations Act to explain the effect of the Scheme and to disclose such other information in relation to the Scheme as is required by the Corporations Act, the Regulations, and ASIC Regulatory Guides. The Scheme forms Appendix 2 to this Scheme Booklet.
This Scheme Booklet contains all of the information that would be required under section 710 of the Corporations Act as if the booklet were a prospectus offering for subscription the Chalice Shares to be issued to Scheme Participants under the Scheme.
Your directors recommend that you read this Scheme Booklet in its entirety (including its Appendices) before making your decision as to how to vote at the Scheme Meeting.
Supplementary Information
A supplementary scheme booklet will be prepared and issued if either SBS or Chalice becomes aware, between the date of this Scheme Booklet and the date on which the Chalice Shares to be issued to Scheme Participants under the Scheme are quoted on the ASX, that:
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(a) a material statement in the Scheme Booklet is false or misleading;
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(b) there is a material omission from the Scheme Booklet;
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(c) there has been a significant change affecting a matter included in the Scheme Booklet; or
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(d) a significant new matter has arisen which would have been required to be included in the Scheme Booklet.
Responsibility for Information
The information concerning SBS contained in this Scheme Booklet, excluding the Independent Expert's Report ( SBS Information ), has been compiled by SBS and its directors and is the responsibility of SBS. The information concerning Chalice contained in this Scheme Booklet, excluding the Independent Expert's Report ( Chalice Information ), has been provided by Chalice and its directors and is the responsibility of Chalice. The information concerning the Merged Group contained in this Scheme Booklet has been prepared jointly by SBS and Chalice, based on the SBS Information and the Chalice Information. SBS assumes no responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of the Chalice Information, and Chalice assumes no responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of the SBS Information.
BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd has prepared the Independent Expert's Report contained in Appendix 9 and takes responsibility for that report.
ASIC
A copy of this Scheme Booklet has been provided to ASIC for review in order that ASIC may provide a statement, in accordance with section 411(17)(b) of the Corporations Act, that ASIC has no objection to the Scheme. Notwithstanding the making of such a statement, neither ASIC nor any of its officers takes any responsibility for the contents of this Scheme Booklet.
ASX
A copy of this Scheme Booklet has been lodged with the ASX. Neither the ASX nor any of its officers take any responsibility for the contents of this Scheme Booklet.
Court Order
The order made by the Court pursuant to section 411(1) of the Corporations Act convening the Scheme Meeting to approve the Scheme does not constitute an endorsement by the Court of, or any expression of opinion on, the Scheme or this Scheme Booklet. The notice convening the Scheme Meeting, together with a proxy form for that meeting, accompanies this Scheme Booklet.
Foreign Scheme Participants
If you are a Foreign Scheme Participant, you should refer to Section 11 of this Scheme Booklet.
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Forwardlooking Statements
This Scheme Booklet includes, or may include, forward‐looking statements including, without limitation, forward‐looking statements regarding SBS's and Chalice's financial position, business strategy, and plans and objectives for future operations (including development plans and objectives), which have been based on SBS's and Chalice's current expectations about future events. These forward‐looking statements are, however, subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and assumptions that could cause actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward‐looking statements. Such forward‐looking statements are based on numerous assumptions regarding SBS's and Chalice's present and future business strategies and the environment in which SBS and Chalice will operate in the future.
Matters not yet known to SBS and Chalice or not currently considered material to SBS and Chalice may impact on these forward‐looking statements. The statements reflect views held only as at the date of this document. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward‐looking statements discussed in this document might not occur. Scheme Participants are therefore cautioned not to place undue reliance on these statements.
Subject to any continuing obligations under applicable law or the Listing Rules, SBS and Chalice expressly disclaim any liability or obligation to disseminate after the date of this Scheme Booklet any updates or revisions to such forward‐looking statements to reflect changes in expectations or events, conditions or circumstances on which any such statements are based.
Risk Factors
By participating in the Scheme of Arrangement, SBS shareholders will be investing in Chalice. That investment involves risks normally associated with mining and exploration, as well as risks specific to Chalice. These risks are explained in more detail in Appendix 8.
Investment Decisions
This Scheme Booklet contains general advice only and does not take into account the objectives, financial situation or needs of any particular SBS shareholder or any other person. The Scheme Booklet should therefore not be relied on as the sole basis for any decision in relation to the Scheme. Independent financial and taxation advice should be sought before making any investment decision in relation to the Scheme.
Privacy
SBS may collect personal information in the process of implementing the Scheme. This information may include the names, contact details and security holdings of Scheme Participants and the names of persons appointed by Scheme Participants to act as proxy, corporate representative or attorney at the Scheme Meeting. The primary purpose of collecting this information is to assist SBS in the conduct of the Scheme Meeting and to enable the Scheme to be implemented by SBS in the manner described in this Scheme Booklet. Without this information, SBS may be hindered in its ability to carry out these
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purposes to full effect. The collection of certain personal information is authorised by the Corporations Act.
Personal information may be disclosed to SBS's share registry, to print and mail service providers, to authorised securities brokers, and to related bodies corporate of SBS and Chalice.
Scheme Participants have the right to access personal information that has been collected. They should contact SBS's share registry in the first instance if they wish to exercise this right.
Scheme Participants who appoint a named person to act as their proxy, corporate representative or attorney at the Scheme Meeting should ensure that they inform that person of the matters outlined above.
Definitions
Capitalised terms used in this Scheme Booklet are defined in Section 1.
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SUMMARY OF THE PROPOSAL
This summary should be read in conjunction with the remainder of the Scheme Booklet.
The merger
The proposal to merge SBS and Chalice involves the transfer of all SBS Shares to Chalice in exchange for the issue to SBS shareholders of one Chalice Share for every 10.73 SBS Shares. SBS will then become a wholly‐owned subsidiary of Chalice and be de‐listed from the ASX. SBS shareholders, collectively, will initially hold approximately 39% of the enlarged Chalice, which will continue to be listed on the ASX.
How the merger will affect you
Under the Scheme of Arrangement, SBS Shares will be transferred to Chalice in exchange for an issue of Chalice Shares to SBS shareholders, on the basis of one Chalice Share for every 10.73 SBS Shares held on the Record Date.
Foreign Scheme Participants may not be able to directly receive Chalice Shares and should refer to Section 11 of this Scheme Booklet for further information.
Future of SBS and Chalice
The merger of SBS and Chalice will provide a platform for developing the companies' respective projects in Africa and Australia and should provide the Merged Group with improved access to the funding necessary to pursue that development.
Advantages of the merger
The merger will benefit SBS shareholders by enabling Chalice's substantial cash reserves to be utilised in developing SBS's principal asset, a 69% interest in the Zara Gold Project in Eritrea.
These benefits are explained in more detail in Section 3.2 and elsewhere in this Scheme Booklet. Potential disadvantages which may result from the merger are set out in Section 3.3 of this Scheme Booklet. SBS's directors believe that the advantages of the Scheme significantly outweigh the disadvantages.
What does the Independent Expert say?
SBS commissioned BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd to prepare a report on the Scheme of Arrangement to ascertain whether the Scheme is in the best interests of Scheme Participants. The Independent Expert has concluded that the Scheme is in the best interests of Scheme Participants, noting that the advantages of the Scheme outweigh the likely disadvantages.
Your directors recommend you vote in favour
SBS's directors unanimously recommend shareholders to vote in favour of the Scheme. Each SBS director intends to vote his own shares in favour of the Scheme.
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Interests of SBS directors
The interests of the SBS directors in SBS securities are set out in Appendix 5 to this Scheme Booklet.
Shareholder approval
For the Scheme of Arrangement to proceed, a resolution to approve the Scheme must be passed by more than 50% of the SBS shareholders present and voting at the Scheme Meeting (in person or by proxy, attorney or corporate representative) and by at least 75% of the votes cast on the resolution.
Court approval
If shareholder approval of the Scheme of Arrangement is obtained, the application for Court approval of the Scheme is expected to be heard on 12 August 2009.
Conditionality
In addition to the approval of SBS shareholders and the Court, implementation of the Scheme is conditional on a number of matters which are described in Section 8.1 of this Scheme Booklet.
Tax implications
Details of the tax consequences of the Scheme for SBS shareholders are set out in Appendix 3. In summary, no Australian tax should be payable by Australian‐resident Scheme Participants who hold their SBS Shares on capital account and elect for capital gains tax rollover relief to apply. Australian‐resident Scheme Participants who hold their SBS Shares on revenue account or as trading stock will be assessed on any gain on the exchange of those shares for Chalice Shares as ordinary income, and rollover relief will not apply.
The Australian tax implications for non‐Australian resident Scheme Participants will depend on a number of factors, and in some circumstances Australian tax may be payable on any gain arising on the exchange of SBS Shares for Chalice Shares. There may also be tax implications in the Scheme Participant's country of residence.
As the comments in Appendix 3 are general in nature and do not consider the specific circumstances of each Scheme Participant, Scheme Participants should seek independent advice regarding the tax implications applicable to their circumstances.
How to vote
Details of how to vote on the Scheme are contained in the notice convening the Scheme Meeting set out in Appendix 10 and in the accompanying Proxy Form.
Merger Implementation Agreement
SBS and Chalice entered into a Merger Implementation Agreement on 29 April 2009. Pursuant to this agreement SBS and Chalice agreed to use their best endeavours to implement the Scheme of Arrangement, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions.
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A summary of the Merger Implementation Agreement is set out in Appendix 1.
Implementation and timing
The key dates are set out on page 7 of this Scheme Booklet. The steps necessary to implement the merger include the following:
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SBS shareholders will be asked to vote on the Scheme at a meeting to be held on 4 August 2009.
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If the resolution put to SBS shareholders at the Scheme Meeting is passed by the requisite majorities, the Court will be asked to approve the Scheme.
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If Court approval is received and the other conditions of the Scheme are satisfied, SBS will apply for suspension of trading in SBS Shares on the ASX on the Effective Date.
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Chalice will issue Chalice Shares to Scheme Participants in exchange for their SBS Shares approximately two weeks after the Court approves the Scheme.
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If the merger is implemented, SBS will become a wholly‐owned subsidiary of Chalice and the Merged Group will continue to be listed on the ASX.
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FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
Set out below are answers to some basic questions that SBS shareholders may have in relation to the Scheme of Arrangement. These answers should be read in conjunction with the remainder of the Scheme Booklet.
Question 1: What is proposed?
Chalice, a company listed on the ASX, proposes to acquire SBS by means of a scheme of arrangement between SBS and its shareholders.
Question 2: Why have I received this booklet?
This booklet has been sent to you because you are an SBS shareholder and the proposal for Chalice to acquire SBS requires SBS shareholder approval. The booklet contains information to help you decide how to vote on the resolution to approve that acquisition.
Question 3: What is a scheme of arrangement?
A scheme of arrangement is a legal arrangement between a company and its shareholders. If shareholders vote in favour of the scheme of arrangement, the scheme becomes binding on the company and the shareholders. Approval of a scheme of arrangement requires a 50% majority of the shareholders present and voting at the Scheme Meeting on the resolution to approve the scheme and a 75% majority of the total votes cast, as well as approval by the Court.
Question 4: What will I receive if the Scheme is approved?
If you are a holder of Scheme Shares (other than a Foreign Scheme Participant; see Question 11), you will receive one Chalice Share for every 10.73 of your SBS Shares.
The Record Date for determining the SBS shareholders entitled to receive Chalice Shares will be the fifth Business Day after the Effective Date.
Question 5: Why will I only receive one Chalice Share for every 10.73 of my SBS Shares?
The ratio reflects the relative values of Chalice and SBS immediately prior to the merger proposal being publicly announced.
Question 6: Who is Chalice?
Chalice is an Australian company listed on the ASX. Its principal activities comprise exploration for, and the development of, resource projects in Western Australia. Further information about Chalice is set out in Appendix 7.
Question 7: What is the opinion of the Independent Expert?
The Independent Expert has concluded that the Scheme of Arrangement is in the best interests of SBS shareholders, noting that the advantages of the Scheme for Scheme Participants outweigh the likely disadvantages. The complete Independent Expert's Report is set out in Appendix 9. You are encouraged to read this report in full.
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Question 8: How will fractional entitlements be treated?
If pursuant to the Scheme you become entitled to a fraction of a Chalice Share, the number of Chalice Shares you will receive will be rounded down to the next whole number.
Question 9: Will I have to pay brokerage fees or stamp duty?
If you are a holder of Scheme Shares (other than a Foreign Scheme Participant; see Question 11) no brokerage or stamp duty will be payable by you in connection with the Scheme.
Question 10: When will I receive my Chalice Shares?
If you are a holder of Scheme Shares (other than a Foreign Scheme Participant; see Question 11), you will receive your Chalice Shares no later than 9 Business Days after the Record Date (this is anticipated to be no later than 3 September 2009).
Question 11: What if I am a Foreign Scheme Participant?
If you are an SBS shareholder whose address in the Register is a place outside the Commonwealth of Australia, New Zealand, the Philippines and Hong Kong, then unless Chalice is satisfied that the laws of that country do not prevent the issue of Chalice Shares to you (or do not prevent their issue except after compliance with conditions that Chalice, acting reasonably, regards as unduly onerous), you will be a Foreign Scheme Participant for the purposes of the Scheme.
The Chalice Shares to which a Foreign Scheme Participant would otherwise be entitled under the Scheme will be issued to a nominee appointed for this purpose by Chalice. The nominee will then sell those shares and pay the proceeds received, after deducting any applicable brokerage and other expenses, to the Foreign Scheme Participant. Foreign Scheme Participants should refer to Section 11 of this Scheme Booklet for further information.
Question 12: Will the Scheme be a taxable transaction for Australian tax purposes?
Details of the tax consequences of the Scheme for SBS shareholders are set out in Appendix 3 to this Scheme Booklet.
As the comments in Appendix 3 are necessarily general in nature and do not consider the specific circumstances of each shareholder, you should seek independent advice regarding the tax implications applicable to your circumstances.
Question 13: How can I trade my Chalice Shares?
The Chalice Shares to be issued under the Scheme will be quoted on the ASX and will be tradeable in the same way that your SBS Shares are currently tradeable.
Question 14: When and where will the Scheme Meeting be held?
The Scheme Meeting will be held on 4 August 2009 at the Holiday Inn City Centre, 788 Hay Street Perth, Western Australia 6000 commencing at 10.00am.
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Question 15: Am I entitled to vote?
If you are registered as an SBS shareholder as at 7:00pm (WST) on 2 August 2009, you will be entitled to vote at the Scheme Meeting. You may vote at the meeting in person, or by completing and lodging the Proxy Form accompanying this Scheme Booklet.
Question 16: What voting majority is required to approve the Scheme?
For the Scheme of Arrangement to be approved, votes in favour of the resolution to approve the Scheme must be cast by:
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a majority in number of SBS shareholders present and voting at the Scheme Meeting (in person, by proxy, by attorney or, in the case of corporate shareholders, by corporate representative); and
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SBS shareholders together holding at least 75% of the total number of votes cast on the resolution.
Question 17: Do I have to vote?
You do not have to vote. However, SBS's directors believe that the proposed merger with Chalice is important to all SBS shareholders and recommend that you vote in favour of the Scheme.
Question 18: Do I have to accept Chalice Shares if the Scheme is approved?
If SBS shareholders and the Court approve the Scheme, all SBS shareholders will be obliged to accept Chalice Shares in exchange for their SBS Shares. SBS will then become a wholly‐owned subsidiary of Chalice and cease to be listed on the ASX.
SBS shareholders not wishing to accept Chalice Shares may elect to sell their SBS Shares on the ASX prior to the Scheme coming into effect.
Question 19: What happens if I do not vote, or if I vote against the Scheme?
If you are a holder of Scheme Shares and the Scheme is approved, your SBS Shares will be transferred to Chalice and (unless you are a Foreign Scheme Participant) you will receive Chalice Shares in exchange for your SBS Shares. This will be so even if you did not vote or voted against the Scheme. If the Scheme is not approved, you will remain an SBS shareholder.
Question 20: When will the result of the Scheme Meeting be known?
The result of the Scheme Meeting will be announced to the ASX shortly after the conclusion of the meeting. The result will also be published on SBS's website (www.subsahara.com.au) as soon as possible after the meeting.
The Scheme is also subject to the approval of the Court. The Court hearing to approve the Scheme is expected to be held on 12 August 2009.
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Question 21: What happens if the requisite majorities do not vote in favour of the Scheme?
If the requisite majorities (see Question 16) do not vote in favour of the Scheme, the Scheme will not proceed, you will remain an SBS shareholder, SBS will remain listed on the ASX, and the benefits of the merger with Chalice outlined above will not be realised.
Question 22: What will happen to SBS if the Scheme proceeds?
The acquisition by Chalice of 100% of SBS will not impact SBS's projects. However, the Company's future strategic direction will thereafter be determined by Chalice.
Question 23: Who can answer any other questions I may have about the Scheme?
If you have any other questions about the Scheme, or if you would like additional copies of this Scheme Booklet or the Proxy Form, please call 1800 649 980 (within Australia) or +61 2 8256 3386 (outside Australia), or consult your legal, financial or other professional adviser.
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1. INTERPRETATION
- 1.1 In this Scheme Booklet (including the Appendices, other than Appendices 7, 8 and 9), except where the context otherwise requires:
"ASIC" means the Australian Securities and Investments Commission;
"ASX" means ASX Limited (ACN 008 624 691);
"Board" means the board of directors of SBS;
"Business Day" has the meaning given to that expression in the Listing Rules;
"Chalice" means Chalice Gold Mines Limited (ACN 116 648 956);
"Chalice Options" means options to subscribe for Chalice Shares;
"Chalice Shares" means fully paid ordinary shares in Chalice with the rights and liabilities set out in Appendix 8;
"Constitution" means the constitution of SBS, as amended or replaced from time to time;
"Corporations Act" means the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth.);
"Court" means the Supreme Court of Western Australia;
"Cutoff Date" means 5pm WST on the date which is 2 Business Days after the date of the Second Court Hearing;
"Effective Date" means the date on which the Court order approving the Scheme becomes effective in accordance with section 411(10) of the Corporations Act;
"Excluded Shareholder" means Chalice or any subsidiary of Chalice;
"Foreign Scheme Participant" means a holder of Scheme Shares whose address as shown in the Register is a place outside the Commonwealth of Australia, New Zealand, the Philippines, and Hong Kong unless Chalice (acting reasonably) is satisfied before the Implementation Date that the laws of the place of that address permit the issue of Chalice Shares to that holder, either unconditionally or after compliance with conditions which Chalice (acting reasonably) regards as acceptable and not unduly onerous;
"Implementation Date" means the third Business Day after the Record Date;
"Independent Expert" means BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd (ABN 27 124 031 045);
"Independent Expert's Report" means the report by the Independent Expert set out in Appendix 9;
"Listing Rules" means Official Listing Rules of the ASX, as amended from time to time;
"Lodgement Date" means the date on which a draft of this Scheme Booklet was lodged with ASIC;
"Merged Group" means Chalice and its controlled entities (including SBS) after implementation of the Scheme;
"Merger Implementation Agreement" means the agreement dated 29 April 2009 between SBS and Chalice, a summary of which is set out in Appendix 1;
18
"New Chalice Shares" means the Chalice Shares to be issued to Scheme Participants pursuant to the Scheme;
"Nominee" means a nominee for the Foreign Scheme Participants appointed by Chalice;
"Record Date" means 7:00pm WST on the date which is 5 Business Days after the Effective Date;
"Register" means the SBS register of members;
"Regulations" means the Corporations Regulations 2001;
"Relevant Time" means 7:00pm WST on the date which is 2 Business Days before the despatch of the notice convening the Scheme Meeting;
"SBS" or "Company" means Sub‐Sahara Resources NL (ACN 061 104 158);
"SBS Group" or "Group" means SBS and its controlled entities (which, for the avoidance of doubt, excludes Chalice);
"SBS Listed Options" means options to subscribe for SBS Shares exercisable at 15 cents per share and expiring on 30 June 2009 and listed for quotation on the ASX;
"SBS Options" means SBS Listed Options and SBS Unlisted Options;
"SBS Partly Paid Shares" means partly paid ordinary shares in SBS, details of which are set out in Appendix 4;
"SBS Shares" means fully paid ordinary shares in SBS;
"SBS Unlisted Options" means options to subscribe for SBS Shares, details of which are set out in Appendix 4;
"SBS Unlisted Securities" means SBS Partly Paid Shares and SBS Unlisted Options;
"Scheme Booklet" means this document, including its appendices;
"Scheme" or "Scheme of Arrangement" means the scheme of arrangement under section 411 of the Corporations Act described in the document set out in Appendix 2 (or, if the context so requires, that document itself);
"Scheme Consideration" means the allotment and issue to each holder of Scheme Shares of one Chalice Share for every 10.73 Scheme Shares held as at the Record Date (fractional entitlements being rounded down);
"Scheme Meeting" means the meeting of Scheme Participants ordered by the Court under section 411(1) of the Corporations Act to be convened for the purposes of the Scheme;
"Scheme Participants" means the holders of Scheme Shares;
"Scheme Shares" means the SBS Shares on issue as at 5.00pm WST on the Effective Date (other than those held by an Excluded Shareholder);
"Second Court Hearing" means the first hearing of the application made to the Court for an order pursuant to section 411(4) of the Corporations Act approving the Scheme;
"WST" means Perth, Western Australia time; and
19
"Zara Project" means the Zara Gold Project in Eritrea, in which SBS has a 69% interest as at the date of this Scheme Booklet.
-
1.2 In this Scheme Booklet (including the Appendices, other than Appendices 7, 8 and 9), except where the context otherwise requires:
-
(a) a reference to any legislation or legislative provision includes any statutory modification or re‐enactment of, or legislative provision substituted for, and any statutory instrument issued under, that legislation or legislative provision;
-
(b) a word denoting the singular number includes the plural number and vice versa;
-
(c) a word denoting an individual or person includes a corporation, firm, authority, government or governmental authority and vice versa;
-
(d) a word denoting a gender includes all genders;
-
(e) a reference (other than in the appendices) to a Section is to a section of this Scheme Booklet;
-
(f) a reference to an Appendix is to an appendix to this Scheme Booklet, and appendices to this Scheme Booklet form part of this Scheme Booklet;
-
(g) a reference to any agreement or document is to that agreement or document (and, where applicable, any of its provisions) as amended, novated, supplemented or replaced from time to time;
-
(h) a reference to any party to the Scheme, or any other document or arrangement, includes that party's executors, administrators, substitutes, successors and permitted assigns;
-
(i) a reference to a "subsidiary" of a body corporate is to a body corporate which is a subsidiary of the first‐mentioned body corporate under section 46 of the Corporations Act;
-
(j) a reference to "dollars" or "A$" or to "cents" or "¢" is (unless otherwise specified) to an amount in Australian currency;
-
(k) a reference to the "holder" of an SBS Share or an SBS Option at a particular time includes a reference to a person who, as a result of a dealing received by SBS or its share registry on or before that time, is entitled to be entered in the Register as the holder of that SBS Share or SBS Option;
-
(l) words and phrases defined elsewhere in this document shall have the meaning there ascribed to them;
-
(m) words and phrases defined in the Corporations Act shall have the meaning there ascribed to them;
20
-
(n) headings are for convenience of reference only and do not affect interpretation; and
-
(o) where an expression is defined, another part of speech or grammatical form of that expression has a corresponding meaning.
2. INTRODUCTION
The directors of SBS have resolved to recommend to shareholders a proposal under which the Company will merge with Chalice Gold Mines Limited, an ASX‐ listed company with mineral exploration projects in Western Australia.
Subject to obtaining all of the necessary approvals from shareholders, ASIC and the Court, it is intended to implement this proposal by way of a scheme of arrangement under section 411 of the Corporations Act under which all existing SBS Shares will be transferred to Chalice in exchange for an issue of Chalice Shares.
Under the Scheme, SBS shareholders will receive one New Chalice Share for every 10.73 SBS Shares held by them.
Upon the Scheme being implemented, SBS will become a wholly‐owned subsidiary of Chalice and be de‐listed from the ASX, and Chalice will continue to be listed on the ASX.
Holders of SBS Options who exercise those options prior to the Cut‐off Date will be eligible to participate in the Scheme and receive New Chalice Shares in exchange for the SBS Shares issued to them on the exercise of their options.
3. ANALYSIS OF PROPOSAL
3.1 Background Information
SBS
SBS was incorporated on 17 September 1993 under the name Maiden Gold NL and was listed on the ASX on 30 March 1994. It changed its name to Sub‐Sahara Resources NL on 30 May 2001.
As well as the ASX, SBS securities are traded on over‐the‐counter markets conducted by the Berlin, Frankfurt, Munich and Stuttgart stock exchanges.
On 17 February 2009, SBS announced to the ASX that it had agreed to sell its exploration interests in Tanzania to Western Metals Limited (now called Indago Resources Ltd), and that sale was completed on 3 March 2009. Following the sale of its Tanzanian interests, the principal activities of the SBS Group comprise gold and mineral exploration in Eritrea, principally through its 69% interest in the Zara Project.
On 27 May 2009 Chalice made available to SBS a loan facility of $450,000. This facility is to be used by SBS to fund further development of the Zara Project pending implementation of the Scheme.
21
Funds advanced under the facility, together with accrued interest, are repayable if the Scheme is not implemented by 30 September 2009 (or such later date as Chalice may agree). In this event, the loan must be repaid either in cash or, at SBS’s election, by the issue of SBS Shares at an issue price of 1.3 cents per share. The facility will be secured by a fixed and floating charge over all of SBS’s assets and undertaking.
Chalice
Chalice was incorporated on 13 October 2005 and was listed on the ASX on 24 March 2006. Its principal activities comprise mineral exploration in Western Australia.
Further information about Chalice and the Merged Group is set out in Appendices 7 and 8.
3.2 Advantages of the Proposal
In the view of the SBS directors, the principal benefit of merging with Chalice will be the ability to utilise Chalice's substantial cash reserves (amounting to approximately $10 million as at the date of this Scheme Booklet) to develop the 0.94 million oz Zara Gold Project in Eritrea, in which SBS currently has a 69% interest. Should the merger be completed, the Merged Group will also hold a further 11% of the Zara Project, taking its total interest in the project to 80% (refer to Section 3.6).
In addition, the merger will enable SBS shareholders to diversify their investment risk by giving them exposure to Chalice's own resource projects in Western Australia. Further information about those projects is set out in Appendix 7.
3.3 Disadvantages of the Proposal
Under the merger, the exposure of SBS shareholders to SBS's assets (principally, its 69% interest in the Zara Project) will be diluted to approximately 39%. Against this, however, they will gain a corresponding exposure to Chalice's mineral exploration projects in Western Australia and have the ability to utilise Chalice's cash reserves to develop the Zara Project.
The costs to SBS of implementing the Scheme of Arrangement (including legal, accounting, independent expert and corporate advisory fees, as well as ASIC and Court filing fees) are estimated to be in the region of $565,000. Approximately $200,000 of these costs will be payable regardless of whether the Scheme is successfully implemented. In addition, under the Merger Implementation Agreement a break fee of $100,000 is payable to Chalice in certain circumstances if the Scheme does not proceed. Further information about this fee is contained in Appendix 1.
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3.4 Terms of the Merger
Under the merger proposal SBS shareholders will exchange their SBS Shares for Chalice Shares and will initially have, collectively, a 39% interest in Chalice.
Upon implementation of the merger, Chalice is expected to have the following capital structure (refer to Appendix 8 for further details):
| ChaliceShares | |
|---|---|
| Presentissuedcapital: | 72,800,000 |
| TobeissuedtoSBSshareholderspursuanttothe Scheme |
46,703,766* |
| TobeissuedtoholdersofSBSUnlistedSecurities | 1,613,727 |
| Total: | 121,116,619* |
*These figures have been calculated on the basis that there will be no fractional entitlements to Chalice Shares upon implementation of the Scheme and that no SBS or Chalice Options are exercised between the Lodgement Date and the Cut‐Off Date. Accordingly, the actual number of Chalice Shares issued pursuant to the Scheme may differ.
3.5 Acquisition of SBS Unlisted Securities
Outside the terms of the Scheme of Arrangement, but conditional on the Scheme coming into effect, Chalice has agreed to acquire SBS Unlisted Securities from various parties, including directors of SBS and parties associated with them. The terms of those acquisitions are summarised in Appendix 4.
3.6 Acquisition of additional interest in the Zara Project
Simultaneously with, and conditional on, implementation of the Scheme, Chalice will acquire Yolanda International Limited ( "YIL" ), a company which holds an additional 11% interest in the Zara Project, for a cash consideration of $1.2 million plus the reimbursement of past exploration expenditure of $454,503. The latter payment will settle a debt owed by SBS which would have been due for payment upon a decision to mine the Zara Project.
YIL is a company associated with Mr H D Kennedy, who through his interest in Rockfield Investments Limited and associated companies is a 14.6% shareholder in SBS.
4. BACKGROUND INFORMATION ON SBS
As a disclosing entity under the Corporations Act, SBS is subject to regular reporting and disclosure obligations. Copies of documents lodged by SBS with ASIC may be obtained from or inspected at any ASIC office.
Prior to the Scheme Meeting, Scheme Participants have the right to obtain, free of charge, copies of the most recent annual report of SBS as well as the half‐yearly
23
report and continuous disclosure notices that have been lodged since that annual report was lodged with ASIC.
To obtain a copy of these documents, please call 1800 649 980 (within Australia) or +61 2 8256 3386 (outside Australia). Alternatively, copies of the reports can be downloaded from SBS's website at www.subsahara.com.au.
5. BASIS OF THE SCHEME
Under the Scheme, all Scheme Shares will be transferred to Chalice. In return:
-
(a) a holder of Scheme Shares will receive one Chalice Share for every 10.73 Scheme Shares held by him at the Record Date; and
-
(b) all rights and obligations pertaining to the Scheme Shares will be transferred to Chalice.
The formula to be applied in determining the number of Chalice Shares to be issued to Scheme Participants was developed by reference to the respective values of Chalice's and SBS's underlying assets, as determined by arm's length negotiations between Chalice and SBS.
6.
PROCEDURAL STEPS
- 6.1 For the Scheme to take effect, section 411(1) of the Corporations Act requires a meeting of the holders of Scheme Shares to be held, at which the Scheme must be agreed to by a majority in number of the holders of Scheme Shares representing in aggregate not less than 75% in nominal value of all the Scheme Shares held by those holders present at that meeting and voting either in person or by proxy.
This meeting is being convened by SBS in accordance with an order made by the Court.
The Scheme Meeting will be held at the Holiday Inn City Centre, 788 Hay Street, Perth, Western Australia 6000 on 4 August 2009 at 10:00am. If the holders of Scheme Shares do not approve the Scheme by the requisite majorities, the Scheme will not proceed.
- 6.2 SBS will ensure that SBS Shares to which an optionholder is entitled in respect of SBS Options exercised on or prior to the Cut‐off Date will be issued on or prior to the Effective Date and, as a result, will constitute Scheme Shares.
7.
RELEVANT TIME
7.1 For the purpose of establishing the holders of the Scheme Shares entitled to receive notice of the Scheme Meeting, the Register was closed at the Relevant Time and was re‐opened on the Business Day following the day of dispatch of the notice convening the Scheme Meeting. That notice is set out in Appendix 10.
- 7.2 Any dealings in Scheme Shares not recorded in the Register at the Relevant Time were entered in the Register after the Register was re‐opened.
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8. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SCHEME
-
8.1 Implementation of the Scheme is subject, amongst other things, to:
-
(a) approval of the Scheme by the requisite majorities at the meeting described in Section 6.1;
-
(b) making of an order by the Court approving the Scheme under section 411(4)(b) of the Corporations Act; and
-
(c) the Merger Implementation Agreement not having been terminated by SBS or Chalice.
-
8.2 Application to the Court for the order referred to in Section 8.1(b) will be made as soon as possible after the Scheme Meeting has been held.
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8.3 The Scheme will become binding on SBS and each Scheme Participant upon the Court making an order under section 411(4)(b) of the Corporations Act and that order becoming effective under section 411(10).
-
8.4 On the Implementation Date (but with effect from the Effective Date), the Scheme Shares will be transferred to Chalice.
9. CLOSING OF REGISTER
-
9.1 To enable the Scheme to be implemented, the Register will be closed at the Record Date. No dealing in Scheme Shares (whenever effected) will be recognised if received by SBS or its share registry after the Record Date.
-
9.2 On the Effective Date, official quotation of Scheme Shares on the ASX will cease.
10. ASX QUOTATION
Application will be made within 7 days after the date of this Scheme Booklet for quotation by the ASX of the New Chalice Shares. It is a condition of completion of the merger that the New Chalice Shares be listed for quotation on the ASX. Upon the Scheme coming into effect, application will be made for SBS to be removed from the official list of the ASX. SBS's securities will at the same time cease to be traded on the Berlin, Frankfurt, Munich and Stuttgart stock exchanges.
11. FOREIGN SCHEME PARTICIPANTS
Neither this Statement nor the Scheme of Arrangement constitutes an offer of securities in any place in which, or to any person to whom, the making of such an offer would not be lawful under the laws of any jurisdiction outside the Commonwealth of Australia, New Zealand, the Philippines and Hong Kong.
Chalice will be under no obligation to issue Chalice Shares to a Foreign Scheme Participant. Chalice will instead issue the Chalice Shares in respect of the Scheme Shares held by the Foreign Scheme Participant to the Nominee.
25
The Nominee will sell the Chalice Shares as soon as reasonably practicable and account to the Foreign Scheme Participants for the net proceeds of sale (on an averaged basis so that all Foreign Scheme Participants receive the same price per Chalice Share, subject to rounding to the nearest cent), after deduction of any applicable brokerage, taxes and charges, at the Foreign Scheme Participants' risk, in full satisfaction of the Foreign Scheme Participants' rights under the Scheme.
12. TAX IMPLICATIONS
The receipt of Chalice Shares under the Scheme in exchange for Scheme Shares is likely to have tax consequences for Scheme Participants. Scheme Participants may in certain circumstances be able to take advantage of the scrip‐for‐scrip rollover relief provided for in the tax legislation to defer any tax liability arising from the Scheme. It should be emphasised that as tax consequences can vary according to a Scheme Participant's particular circumstances, each Scheme Participant should consult his own tax adviser as to the consequences of participating in the Scheme.
Scheme Participants who are resident or domiciled outside Australia, or who are citizens of countries other than Australia, are reminded of the possible implications of the Scheme under the tax laws of their place of residence, domicile or citizenship and are advised to also seek independent advice in this respect.
13. ADMINISTRATOR
It is not proposed that any person be appointed to manage or administer the Scheme.
14. DIRECTORS' RECOMMENDATIONS
After considering all relevant factors, the SBS directors recommend that Scheme Participants vote in favour of the Scheme to enable the benefits described in Section 3.2 to be realised.
15. CHALICE'S VOTING POWER IN SBS
As at the Lodgement Date, Chalice did not have a relevant interest in any SBS Shares, SBS Options or other marketable securities of SBS, apart from 38,590,000 SBS Partly Paid Shares and 3,800,000 SBS Unlisted Options. These securities will be acquired by Chalice pursuant to the agreements summarised in Appendix 4.
16. MARKETABLE SECURITIES OF SBS HELD BY OR ON BEHALF OF DIRECTORS OF SBS
The number, description and amount of marketable securities of SBS held by or on behalf of each director of SBS as at the Lodgement Date are set out in Appendix 5.
26
17. MARKETABLE SECURITIES OF CHALICE HELD BY OR ON BEHALF OF DIRECTORS OF SBS
No marketable securities of Chalice are held by or on behalf of any director of SBS.
18. DEALINGS IN MARKETABLE SECURITIES OF SBS
Except as set out in Appendix 6, none of SBS, Chalice or any person associated with SBS or Chalice has acquired or disposed of any marketable securities of SBS in the four months immediately preceding the Lodgement Date.
19. DEALINGS IN MARKETABLE SECURITIES OF CHALICE
Except as set out in Appendix 6, none of SBS, Chalice or any person associated with SBS or Chalice has acquired or disposed of any marketable securities of Chalice in the four months immediately preceding the Lodgement Date.
20. VOTING INTENTIONS OF DIRECTORS AND OTHERS
Each director of SBS by whom or on whose behalf Scheme Shares are held intends to vote in favour of the Scheme. Details of the Scheme Shares held by or on behalf of each director of SBS are set out in Appendix 5.
21. PAYMENTS OR OTHER BENEFITS TO OFFICERS OF SBS
It is not proposed that any payment or other benefit will be made or given to any director, secretary or executive officer of SBS, or of any body corporate related to SBS, as compensation for loss of, or as consideration for or in connection with his retirement from, office in SBS, or in any body corporate related to SBS, other than the following:
-
(a) Barry Bolitho will receive $32,700 in connection with his retirement as chairman of SBS;
-
(b) Peter Munachen will receive $30,000 in connection with his retirement as an executive director of SBS; and
-
(c) Resource Services International (Australia) Pty Ltd ( RSIA ) will receive $138,000 as a result of the termination of the service contract between RSIA, of which Ernest Myers (secretary of SBS) and Peter Munachen are directors, and SBS.
22. INTERESTS OF DIRECTORS AND OTHERS
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22.1 No director of SBS has any interest in the Scheme other than as a holder of Scheme Shares, and the effect of the Scheme on those interests is the same as its effect on the like interests of other persons. However, it should be noted that in connection with implementation of the Scheme:
-
(a) it is proposed that Michael Griffiths, the present managing director of SBS, be appointed as an executive director of Chalice (see Section 28);
27
-
(b) Barry Bolitho, Peter Munachen and Ernest Myers will receive the amounts described in Section 21; and
-
(c) certain of the SBS directors, or parties associated with them, have entered into agreements with Chalice to sell their SBS Unlisted Securities. The terms of these agreements are summarised in Appendix 4.
-
22.2 Other than the agreements to sell their SBS Unlisted Securities to Chalice (referred to in Section 22.1(c)) and the proposed appointment of Mr Griffiths as a director of Chalice (referred to in Section 28), no director of SBS has any interest in any contract entered into, or proposed to be entered into, by Chalice.
-
22.3 Other than as set out elsewhere in this Scheme Booklet, no:
-
(a) director or proposed director of Chalice;
-
(b) person named in this Scheme Booklet as performing a function in a professional, advisory or other capacity in connection with the preparation or distribution of this Scheme Booklet;
-
(c) promoter of Chalice; or
-
(d) financial services licensee named in this Scheme Booklet as a financial services licensee involved in the Scheme,
holds, or has held within two years before the date of this Scheme Booklet, any interest in the formation or promotion of Chalice, in any property acquired or proposed to be acquired by Chalice in connection with its formation or promotion or the offer of Chalice Shares under the Scheme, or in that offer.
-
22.4 Other than as set out in Section 22.5, no amount has been paid or agreed to be paid (in cash, securities or otherwise), and no benefit has been given or agreed to be given:
-
(a) to a director or proposed director of Chalice to induce him to become, or to qualify him as, a director of Chalice; or
-
(b) for services provided in connection with the formation or promotion of Chalice or the offer of Chalice Shares under the Scheme by any director or proposed director of Chalice, any person named in this Scheme Booklet as performing a function in a professional, advisory or other capacity in connection with the preparation or distribution of this Scheme Booklet, any promoter of Chalice, or any financial services licensee named in this Scheme Booklet as a financial services licensee involved in the issue of Chalice Shares under the Scheme.
-
22.5 Minter Ellison will receive a fee of approximately $150,000 (plus GST and disbursements) for legal advice in relation to this Scheme Booklet and the Scheme.
BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd will receive a fee of approximately $25,000 for preparation of the Independent Expert's Report. In the period of two
28
years ending on the date of this Scheme Booklet, Chalice has made a payment of $30,300 to BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd for the preparation of an Independent Expert's Report for an unrelated transaction. Minter Ellison has not received any fees from Chalice during that period.
23. OTHER AGREEMENTS OR ARRANGEMENTS WITH DIRECTORS
Other than the proposed appointment of Mr Griffiths as an executive director of Chalice (referred to in Section 28) and the agreements referred to in Sections 21 and 22.1(c) , there are no agreements or arrangements made between a director of SBS and another person in connection with, or conditional on, the outcome of the Scheme.
24. MATERIAL CHANGES IN THE FINANCIAL POSITION OF SBS
Within the knowledge of the directors of SBS, the financial position of SBS has not changed materially since 30 June 2008 (this being the date of the last balance sheet laid before SBS in general meeting) other than as set out elsewhere in this Scheme Booklet or in the Independent Expert's Report.
25. OTHER MATERIAL INFORMATION
There is no information material to the making of a decision in relation to the Scheme, or a decision by a Scheme Participant whether or not to agree to the Scheme, being information that is within the knowledge of any director of SBS or of a related body corporate, that has not previously been disclosed to Scheme Participants other than as set out elsewhere in this Scheme Booklet (including its Appendices).
26. INDEPENDENT EXPERT'S REPORT
- 26.1 In accordance with clause 3 of Part 3 of Schedule 8 to the Regulations, the directors of SBS commissioned the Independent Expert to report to Scheme Participants on the Scheme. In the Independent Expert's Report (a copy of which is set out in Appendix 9), BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd concludes that the Scheme is in the best interests of Scheme Participants.
Scheme Participants should read the Independent Expert's Report in its entirety, including the assumptions on which the report's conclusions are based.
- 26.2 BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd has given, and before the lodgement of this Statement with ASIC has not withdrawn, its consent to the issue of this Scheme Booklet with the Independent Expert's Report included in the form and context in which it is included.
27. INFORMATION IN RELATION TO CHALICE SHARES
A summary of the rights and liabilities attaching to Chalice Shares is set out in Appendix 8.
Chalice Shares are listed for quotation on the ASX. The highest and lowest recorded sale prices of Chalice Shares on the ASX during the three months
29
immediately preceding the Lodgement Date were $0.10 (on 27 March 2009) and $0.26 (on 28 May 2009) respectively.
The Scheme was the subject of a public announcement on 3 April 2009. The latest recorded sale price of Chalice Shares on the ASX before that announcement was $0.12.
The latest recorded sale price of Chalice Shares on the ASX before the Lodgement Date was $0.26.
Application will be made to the ASX within 7 days after the date of this Scheme Booklet for official quotation of the New Chalice Shares. Quotation of the New Chalice Shares is not guaranteed or automatic but will depend upon compliance with the ASX's requirements. However, SBS has no information to suggest that these requirements cannot or will not be complied with.
28. INTENTIONS OF THE SBS DIRECTORS
Following implementation of the Scheme, it is proposed that the business currently carried on by SBS (as described in Section 3.1) will continue, but as part of the Merged Group. In doing so, it is the intention of SBS's directors that:
-
(a) the business of SBS will continue in the same manner as it is presently carried on but reflecting Chalice's financial capability to expedite the Zara Project;
-
(b) there will be no major changes to that business (including the redeployment of fixed assets); and
-
(c) except for possible redundancies resulting from a scaling‐down of SBS's corporate office in Australia, the employment of SBS's present employees will continue.
Chalice has advised SBS's directors that Chalice has the same intentions as SBS's directors with respect to the matters referred to above.
Upon implementation of the Scheme, Michael Griffiths, the present managing director of SBS, will be appointed as an executive director of Chalice.
29. ADDITIONAL CONSENTS
Minter Ellison has given, and before the signing of this Scheme Booklet has not withdrawn, its consent to be named as legal adviser to SBS in this Scheme Booklet in the form and context in which it is so named. Minter Ellison does not otherwise authorise or cause the issue of this Scheme Booklet and takes no responsibility for its contents.
Middletons has given, and before the signing of this Scheme Booklet has not withdrawn, its consent to be named as legal adviser to Chalice in this Scheme Booklet in the form and context in which it is so named. Middletons does not otherwise authorise or cause the issue of this Scheme Booklet and takes no responsibility for its contents.
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30. ACTION TO BE TAKEN BY SCHEME PARTICIPANTS
Appendix 10 contains the notice convening the Scheme Meeting and a Proxy Form for the Scheme Meeting. The Proxy Form should be completed, signed and returned in accordance with instructions set out on the reverse of the Proxy Form. Lodging a Proxy Form will not preclude attendance or voting at the Scheme Meeting.
BY ORDER OF THE BOARD
==> picture [105 x 37] intentionally omitted <==
ERNEST MYERS Company Secretary 18 June 2009
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APPENDIX 1
SUMMARY OF MERGER IMPLEMENTATION AGREEMENT
Under the Merger Implementation Agreement (MIA), SBS agrees to propose the Scheme of Arrangement to its members and Chalice agrees to provide reasonable assistance to SBS for that purpose. Specifically, Chalice agrees to issue the New Chalice Shares comprising the Scheme Consideration to Scheme Participants in return for the transfer of their SBS Shares to Chalice, in accordance with the terms of the Scheme. SBS for its part agrees to take all necessary steps to implement the Scheme, including convening the Scheme Meeting and obtaining all Court, regulatory and other approvals necessary for that purpose.
The MIA also provides for SBS and Chalice to take responsibility for the information about them respectively set out in this Scheme Booklet.
The parties' obligations under the MIA are subject to a number of conditions precedent, including:
-
(a) the obtaining of all necessary Court, regulatory, shareholder and other approvals;
-
(b) no Court or "Governmental Agency" (as defined) issuing any material legal restraint or prohibition preventing the Scheme;
-
(c) the acquisition by Chalice of, or a call being made by SBS for the unpaid capital on, all outstanding SBS Partly Paid Shares;
-
(d) the acquisition by Chalice, or cancellation by SBS, of all SBS Unlisted Options;
-
(e) the exercise or lapse of all SBS Listed Options;
-
(f) the execution of the "Zara Project Confirmation Deed" (as defined) before 8.00am on the date of the Second Court Hearing in terms acceptable to Chalice in its absolute discretion;
-
(g) SBS receiving the "GED assurance" (as defined) in terms acceptable to Chalice in its absolute discretion before 8.00am on the date of the Second Court Hearing;
-
(h) SBS not terminating the employment of certain employees or consultants (other than as agreed);
-
(i) the representations and warranties of SBS in the MIA being materially true and correct as of the date of the MIA and as at 8:00am on the date of the Second Court Hearing;
-
(j) no "SBS Prescribed Occurrence" (as defined) occurring before 8.00am on the date of the Second Court Hearing;
-
(k) the execution of the "AWR Acquisition Agreement" (as defined) before 8.00am on the date of the Second Court Hearing;
32
-
(l) the exploration licences for the Zara Project being renewed on terms satisfactory to Chalice;
-
(m) the Chalice Shares to be issued to Scheme Participants being approved for official quotation on ASX;
-
(n) the representations and warranties of Chalice in the MIA being materially true and correct as of the date of the MIA and as at 8:00am on the date of the Second Court Hearing; and
-
(o) no "Chalice Prescribed Occurrence" (as defined) occurring before 8.00am on the date of the Second Court Hearing.
The conditions in paragraphs (a) and (b) are for the benefit of, and may only be waived by, both Chalice and SBS. The conditions in paragraphs (c)‐(l) (inclusive) are for the sole benefit of, and may only be waived by, Chalice. The conditions in paragraphs (m)‐(o) (inclusive) are for the sole benefit of, and may only be waived by, SBS.
Subject to certain exceptions, the MIA requires the parties to carry on their respective businesses in the ordinary course pending implementation of the Scheme.
Upon implementation of the Scheme, Chalice agrees to appoint a nominee of SBS to Chalice's board of directors (further information about this is contained in Section 28).
Under the MIA, each party makes various representations and gives various warranties in favour of the other with respect to the first‐mentioned party's affairs and the accuracy of the information about itself contained in this Scheme Booklet, and agrees to indemnify the other party against any loss sustained as a result of any breach of those representations and warranties.
The MIA may be terminated by either party in the event of a material breach of the agreement by the other party or an unremedied breach of representation or warranty. In addition, either party can terminate the MIA if, before the Scheme is implemented, the other party's cash and working capital position diminishes by more than $300,000 from its position as at 31 March 2009.
Under the MIA, SBS agrees to grant Chalice exclusivity for a period of six months from the date of the MIA in negotiating a merger of the two companies and agrees not to engage in any discussions or negotiations with a third party in respect of a "Competing Proposal" (as defined). This obligation is subject to SBS's directors not receiving legal advice that failure to respond to a Competing Proposal would be likely to constitute a breach of their fiduciary or statutory obligations.
If the Scheme is not implemented by reason of a Competing Proposal being accepted by either party, then that party must pay the other party a break fee of $100,000 by way of compensation for costs incurred in attempting to implement the Scheme.
The parties further agree not to make any public announcements with respect to the Scheme other than in a form approved by both parties, and each party agrees to use reasonable endeavours to provide that approval as soon as practicable.
33
APPENDIX 2
SCHEME OF ARRANGEMENT
Pursuant to Section 411 of the Corporations Act between SubSahara Resources NL (ACN 061 104 158) and its shareholders
1. INTERPRETATION
In this Scheme, except where the context otherwise requires:
-
(a) " Australian Trading Bank " means a trading bank as defined in section 5(1) of the Banking Act 1959 (Cth) having an office and carrying on the business of banking in Western Australia;
-
(b) " Registered Address " means in relation to a Scheme Participant, the address shown in the Register;
-
(c) " SBS Registry " means Computershare Investor Services Pty Ltd;
-
(d) " Scheme Booklet " means the explanatory statement relating to this Scheme to be sent to holders of Scheme Shares in accordance with section 412(1)(a) of the Corporations Act;
-
(e) terms which are defined in the Scheme Booklet have the same meanings where used in this Scheme; and
-
(f) a reference to a paragraph is to a paragraph of this Scheme.
2. THE SCHEME
-
2.1 Subject to:
-
(a) all the conditions in clause 3.1 of the Merger Implementation Agreement other than the conditions in clause 3.1(d) (being final Court approval of the Scheme) and clause 3.1(n) (being quotation of the New Chalice Shares) having been satisfied or waived in accordance with the terms of the Merger Implementation Agreement;
-
(b) approval of the Scheme by the holders of the Scheme Shares at a meeting of those holders convened by the Court pursuant to section 411(1) of the Corporations Act;
-
(c) approval of the Scheme by the Court pursuant to section 411(4)(b) of the Corporations Act;
-
(d) lodgement with ASIC of an office copy of the order of the Court approving the Scheme; and
-
(e) the Merger Implementation Agreement not having been terminated by SBS or Chalice,
the Scheme Shares, and all rights and entitlements attaching to the Scheme Shares, will be transferred to Chalice with effect from the Effective Date and without the need for any further act by the holders of the Scheme Shares.
34
-
2.2 SBS and Chalice will provide to the Court at the Second Court Hearing a certificate stating whether or not the conditions referred to in subparagraphs 2.1(a), 2.1(b) and 2.1(e) have been satisfied or waived.
-
2.3 This Scheme will lapse and be of no further force or effect if the Effective Date has not occurred on or before 31 August 2009 (or such later date as SBS and Chalice may agree).
-
2.4 In consideration of the transfer of the Scheme Shares to Chalice, and subject to the other terms and conditions of this Scheme, a holder of Scheme Shares (other than a Foreign Scheme Participant) will receive the Scheme Consideration in respect of the Scheme Shares held by him as at the Record Date.
-
2.5 Notwithstanding any rule of law or equity to the contrary, holders of Scheme Shares will be entitled to exercise all voting and other rights attached to the Scheme Shares pending their transfer pursuant to paragraph 2.1, subject to the restrictions on dealing in Scheme Shares set out in paragraph 3.
-
2.6 A holder of Scheme Shares will be deemed to have agreed to become a member of Chalice and to have accepted the Chalice Shares issued to him under this Scheme subject to, and to be bound by, Chalice's constitution.
-
2.7 On the Implementation Date (but with effect from the Effective Date) SBS must:
-
(a) procure the delivery of a transfer in respect of all the Scheme Shares to ASX Settlement and Transfer Corporation Pty Limited by a broker nominated in writing by Chalice to effect a valid transfer of all the Scheme Shares to Chalice pursuant to section 1074D of the Corporations Act or, if such a procedure is not available for any reason, deliver to Chalice a duly completed and executed instrument of transfer transferring all of the Scheme Shares to Chalice; and
-
(b) subject to Chalice having executed that instrument of transfer, enter the name of Chalice in the Register as the holder of the Scheme Shares.
3.
DEALINGS IN SCHEME SHARES
-
3.1 No dealing in Scheme Shares, whenever effected, will be given effect to if it is received after the Record Date.
-
3.2 Any purported dealing in Scheme Shares after the Record Date will be void and of no effect.
-
3.3 No shares or options to subscribe for shares will be allotted or issued by SBS after the Effective Date.
4. NOTICE TO HOLDERS OF SCHEME SHARES
- 4.1 If the Court makes an order approving the Scheme, SBS will send to each holder of Scheme Shares notice of that fact not later than 9 Business Days after the Record Date.
35
-
4.2 The notice given under paragraph 4.1 will:
-
(a) (except in the case of a Foreign Scheme Participant) be accompanied by a statement setting out the number of Chalice Shares to which they are entitled pursuant to paragraph 2.4; and
-
(b) be sent in the manner provided in, and to the address determined in accordance with, paragraph 9.4.
-
4.3 In the case of joint holders of Scheme Shares, the notice to be given under paragraph 4.2 for the Chalice Shares will be sent to the joint holder whose name appears first in the Register.
-
4.4 If the Court refuses to make an order approving the Scheme, then SBS will send to each holder of Scheme Shares notice of that fact not later than 5 Business Days after the date of such refusal. The notice will be sent in the manner provided in, and to the address determined in accordance with, paragraph 9.4.
5.
ISSUE OF CHALICE SHARES
-
5.1 Not later than two Business Days after the Implementation Date, SBS will give to Chalice a notice specifying the persons to whom Chalice Shares are to be issued pursuant to paragraph 2.4 and the numbers of Chalice Shares to which they are respectively entitled.
-
5.2 Chalice must, not later than two Business Days after receipt from SBS of the notice referred to in paragraph 5.1 but with effect from the Effective Date, issue the Chalice Shares in accordance with that notice. The issue and despatch of a holding statement for those Chalice Shares in accordance with paragraph 9.4 will discharge in full Chalice's obligations under this paragraph 5.2.
6.
FOREIGN SCHEME PARTICIPANTS
-
6.1 The Chalice Shares that would, but for this paragraph 6, have been issued to a holder of Scheme Shares who is a Foreign Scheme Participant must be issued by Chalice to the Nominee.
-
6.2
-
Chalice must procure that the Nominee:
-
(a) as soon as reasonably practicable sells those Chalice Shares for the benefit of the Foreign Scheme Participants;
-
(b) accounts to the Foreign Scheme Participants for the net proceeds of sale (on an averaged basis so that all Foreign Scheme Participants receive the same price per Chalice Share, subject to rounding to the nearest whole cent), and any income referable to those Chalice Shares, after deduction of any applicable brokerage, taxes and charges, in full satisfaction of the Foreign Scheme Participants' rights and entitlements under the Scheme; and
36
-
(c) remits the net proceeds of sale to the Foreign Scheme Participants in the manner provided in, and to the address determined in accordance with, paragraph 9.4.
-
6.3 Foreign Scheme Participants agree that the amount referred to in paragraph 6.2 may be paid by the Nominee doing any of the following at the Nominee's election:
-
(a) sending by pre‐paid post (or pre‐paid airmail if the address is outside Australia) the proceeds to the Foreign Scheme Participants' Registered Addresses by cheque drawn on an Australian Trading Bank in Australian currency;
-
(b) depositing or procuring the Registry to deposit it into an account with any Australian ADI (as defined in the Corporations Act) notified to SBS (or the SBS Registry) by an appropriate authority from the Foreign Scheme Participant; or
-
(c) in the event that a Foreign Scheme Participant does not have a Registered Address or the Nominee believes a Foreign Scheme Participant is not known at the Foreign Scheme Participant's Registered Address, and no account has been notified in accordance with paragraph 6.3(b) or a deposit into such an account is rejected or refunded, the Nominee may credit the amount payable to the relevant Foreign Scheme Participant to a separate bank account of SBS to be held until the Foreign Scheme Participant claims the amount or the amount is dealt with in accordance with unclaimed moneys legislation. SBS must hold the amount on trust, but any interest or other benefit accruing on or from the amount will be to the benefit of SBS. An amount credited to the account is to be treated as having been paid to the Foreign Scheme Participant when credited to the account. SBS must maintain records of the amounts paid, the persons who are entitled to the amounts and any transfers of the amounts,
in each case, in full satisfaction of the Foreign Scheme Participants' right to the Scheme Consideration.
- 6.4 Each Foreign Scheme Participant appoints SBS as his agent to receive on his behalf any financial services guide or other notices which may be, or be required to be, given by the Nominee to that Foreign Scheme Participant.
7. ISSUE AND TRADING OF CHALICE SHARES
-
7.1 Issue
-
(a) Scheme Participants who receive the Scheme Consideration agree to be bound by Chalice's constitution.
-
(b) Except for a Scheme Participant's tax file number, any binding instruction or notification between a Scheme Participant and SBS relating to the Scheme Shares (including, without limitation, any instructions relating to the payment of dividends, provision of annual reports, notices of meeting or other communications from SBS) will from the Implementation Date
37
be deemed (except to the extent determined otherwise by Chalice in its sole discretion), by reason of the Scheme, to be a similarly binding instruction or notification to and accepted by Chalice in respect of the New Chalice Shares issued to the Scheme Participant until that instruction or notification is revoked or amended in writing addressed to Chalice at its share registry.
7.2 Trading
SBS will procure that Chalice will, before the date of the Second Court Hearing, seek confirmation from the ASX that, as from the Business Day following the Effective Date (or such later date as the ASX requires), the New Chalice Shares will be listed for quotation on the official list of the ASX, initially on a deferred settlement basis and thereafter on an ordinary settlement basis. SBS will procure that Chalice takes all steps necessary or expedient to obtain that quotation.
7A. SUSPENSION OF SBS SHARES AND DELISTING
-
7A.1 SBS will apply to the ASX for suspension of trading of SBS Shares on the ASX with effect from the close of trading on the Effective Date.
-
7A.2 On a date after the Implementation Date to be determined by Chalice, and subject to completion of all obligations to occur on that date, SBS will apply:
-
(i) for termination of the official quotation of SBS Shares on the ASX; and
-
(ii) to have itself removed from the official list of the ASX.
8. WHEN SCHEME BECOMES BINDING
-
8.1 This Scheme will become binding on SBS, Chalice and each holder of Scheme Shares only if the Court makes an order under section 411(4)(b) of the Corporations Act approving the Scheme and that order becomes effective in accordance with section 411(10). SBS must lodge an office copy of that order with ASIC not later than 20 Business Days after the order has been made.
-
8.2 Where this Scheme becomes binding as provided by paragraph 8.1, a holder of Scheme Shares (and any person claiming through that holder) may only assign, transfer or otherwise deal with those Scheme Shares on the basis that the rights so assigned, transferred or dealt with are the same as the rights that the holder held immediately prior to the Effective Date, if he had remained the holder of those Scheme Shares until the Record Date.
9.
GENERAL
-
9.1 SBS may by its counsel or solicitors consent to any modification of or addition to the Scheme, or to any condition, which the Court may think fit to approve or impose and to which Chalice has consented.
-
9.2 The accidental omission to give notice of the Scheme Meeting to any holder of Scheme Shares or the non‐receipt of such a notice by any holder of Scheme
38
Shares will not, unless so ordered by the Court, invalidate the Scheme Meeting or the proceedings at the Scheme Meeting.
-
9.3 On the Effective Date and until SBS registers Chalice as the holder of all Scheme Shares in the Register, each Scheme Participant:
-
(a) is deemed to have irrevocably appointed Chalice as attorney and agent (and directed Chalice in such capacity) to appoint an officer or agent nominated by Chalice as its sole proxy and, where applicable, corporate representative to attend shareholders' meetings, exercise the votes attaching to the Scheme Shares registered in his name and sign any shareholders' resolutions, whether in person, by proxy or by corporate representative (other than as pursuant to this paragraph 9.3(a));
-
(b) undertakes not to otherwise attend shareholders' meetings, exercise the votes attaching to the Scheme Shares registered in his name, or sign any shareholders' resolutions, whether in person, by proxy or by corporate representative;
-
(c) must take all other actions in the capacity of a registered holder of Scheme Shares as Chalice reasonably directs; and
-
(d) acknowledges and agrees that in exercising the powers referred to in paragraph 9.3(a), Chalice and any officer or agent nominated by Chalice under paragraph 9.3(a) may act in the best interests of Chalice as the beneficial owner and intended registered holder of the Scheme Shares.
-
9.4 For the purpose of paragraph 4, the expression "sent" means:
-
(a) sending by ordinary pre‐paid post to a holder at the Record Date of a Scheme Share at the address of that holder appearing in the Register at the Record Date; or
-
(b) delivery to that address by any other means at no cost to the recipient.
-
9.5 Each holder of Scheme Shares will be deemed to have irrevocably appointed SBS and its officers as his attorney for the purpose of executing any document necessary to give effect to this Scheme.
-
9.6 SBS must execute all deeds and other documents and do all acts and things as may be necessary or expedient on its part to implement this Scheme in accordance with its terms.
-
9.7 Neither SBS nor any of its officers will be liable for anything done or for anything omitted to be done in performance of this Scheme in good faith.
-
9.8 This Scheme overrides the Constitution and binds SBS, Chalice and the holders of Scheme Shares.
-
9.9 The proper law of this Scheme is the law of Western Australia.
39
APPENDIX 3
TAX IMPLICATIONS
The following is intended only as a general guide to the income tax position under current Australian income tax law and administrative practice as at the date of this document. Income tax is a complex area of law and the income tax implications for a Scheme Participant may differ from those detailed below, depending on the Scheme Participant's particular circumstances. As these statements are of a general nature only it is recommended that Scheme Participants obtain their own independent professional advice in respect of the Australian income tax implications.
The following is an overview of the likely Australian income tax implications as a consequence of the Scheme for an Australian tax resident Scheme Participant who hold their Scheme Shares on capital account.
The following may not apply to certain Scheme Participants, such as dealers in securities, Scheme Participants who hold shares on revenue account or as trading stock, insurance companies and collective investment schemes. Such persons may be subject to special rules or assessed as ordinary income on any gain on the disposal of their Scheme Shares for New Chalice Shares.
The following may also not apply to non‐Australian tax resident Scheme Participants. The Australian income tax implications for non‐Australian resident Scheme Participants are complex and will depend upon their own specific circumstances. Non‐Australian tax resident Scheme Participants may also have tax implications in their country of residence.
Any Scheme Participant who is in any doubt as to their tax position, or who is subject to tax in any jurisdiction other than Australia, should consult their own professional adviser.
Capital gains tax
The transfer of Scheme Shares to Chalice pursuant to the Scheme will trigger a capital gains tax ("CGT") event for a Scheme Participant. The income tax implications for a Scheme Participant will depend on whether the Scheme Participant chooses to obtain scrip for scrip roll‐over relief under Subdivision 124‐M of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 ("ITAA 1997") in relation to the disposal of their Scheme Shares. Broadly, a Scheme Participant may choose to obtain scrip for scrip roll‐over relief where they:
-
hold their Scheme Shares on capital account;
-
acquired their Scheme Shares on or after 20 September 1985; and
-
make a capital gain from the disposal of their Scheme Shares.
Where scrip for scrip rollover relief is chosen
Where the above conditions are met, Scheme Participants who wish to obtain scrip for scrip roll‐over relief must choose to obtain the roll‐over relief.
40
Where scrip for scrip roll‐over relief is chosen, any capital gain arising from the disposal of Scheme Shares will be disregarded and deferred until a CGT event occurs in respect of the New Chalice Shares acquired by the Scheme Participant under the Scheme. The CGT cost base and reduced cost base of each New Chalice Share received will be determined by apportioning, on a reasonable basis, the cost base and reduced cost base of the Scheme Shares disposed of pursuant to the Scheme.
For Scheme Participants who can apply the discount capital gains tax rules in Division 115 of the ITAA 1997 and who choose scrip for scrip roll‐over, their New Chalice Shares will be taken to have been acquired at the time their Scheme Shares were originally acquired for the purposes of applying the CGT discount rules.
Where a capital loss arises, the Scheme Participant will not be eligible to obtain scrip for scrip roll‐over.
Where scrip for scrip rollover is not chosen
Where scrip for scrip roll‐over relief is not chosen, Scheme Participants will make a capital gain equal to the market value of the New Chalice Shares they are entitled to less the CGT cost base of their Scheme Shares. In determining a Scheme Participant's capital gain, the market value of the New Chalice Shares should be determined using the market value of those shares on the date the Scheme Participant ceases to have ownership of their Scheme Shares.
Scheme Participants may be entitled to concessional CGT treatment under Division 115 of the ITAA 1997. This will depend upon their individual circumstances.
For Scheme Participants whose reduced cost base is greater than the market value of the New Chalice Shares they are entitled to, the Scheme Participant may realise a capital loss.
Where scrip for scrip roll‐over relief is not chosen, the cost base of the New Chalice Shares will be equal to the market value of the Scheme Shares disposed, as determined on the date the New Chalice Shares are allotted or issued.
Where scrip for scrip roll‐over relief is not chosen, the acquisition date of the New Chalice Shares for CGT purposes will be the date on which the Chalice shares are allotted or issued to the Scheme Participants.
41
APPENDIX 4
SBS UNLISTED SECURITIES
SBS Unlisted Options
| Number | Exerciseprice Expirydate |
Exerciseprice Expirydate |
|---|---|---|
| 400,000 | 10cents 26.01.11 |
|
| 3,400,000 | 11cents 14.02.12 |
|
| SBSPartlyPaidShares | ||
| Number | Issueprice Amountpaidup |
|
| 4,500,000 | 10cents 0.01ofacent |
|
| 2,850,000 | 11cents 0.01ofacent |
|
| 450,000 | 13cents 0.01ofacent |
|
| 7,290,000 | 9cents 0.01ofacent |
|
| 5,750,000 | 6.5cents 0.01ofacent |
|
| 5,750,000 | 15cents 0.01ofacent |
|
| 4,000,000 | 10cents 0.01ofacent |
|
| 4,000,000 | 15cents 0.01ofacent |
|
| 4,000,000 | 20cents 0.01ofacent |
– Acquisition terms SBS Unlisted Options
Based on a Black Scholes valuation method, the SBS Unlisted Options (of which there are two different classes with different terms) have been determined as having a value of between 0.5 cents and 0.8 cents per option, using the following assumptions:
| Assumptions | Assumptions |
|---|---|
| Exerciseprices | 10centsand11cents |
| ValueofunderlyingSBSShares | 1.5cents |
| ValuationDate | 27March2009 |
| ExpiryDate | Various |
| Volatility | 141% |
| Riskfreeinterestrate | 4% |
| Annualiseddividendyield | Nil |
42
Chalice Shares will be issued to holders of SBS Unlisted Options in accordance with the following ratios (assuming a value of 14.08 cents per Chalice Share):
-
For options exercisable at 10 cents and expiring on 26 January 2011 – one Chalice Share for every 28.94 options.
-
For options exercisable at 11 cents and expiring on 14 February 2012 – one Chalice Share for every 18.65 options.
– Acquisition Terms SBS Partly Paid Shares
Based on a Black Scholes valuation method, the SBS Partly Paid Shares (of which there are 9 different classes with different terms) have been determined as having a value of between 0.1 cents and 0.9 cents per share, using the following assumptions:
| Assumptions | |
|---|---|
| Amounttobepaidup | Various,rangingbetween6.49cents and19.99cents |
| MarketvalueofunderlyingSBSShares | 1.5cents |
| ValuationDate | 27March2009 |
| CallDate | Various |
| Volatility | 141% |
| Riskfreeinterestrate | 4% |
| Annualiseddividendyield | Nil |
Chalice Shares will be issued to holders of SBS Partly Paid Shares in accordance with the following ratios (assuming a value of 14.08 cents per Chalice Share):
-
For shares with an amount of 9.99 cents remaining unpaid and payable by 29/11/10 – one Chalice Share for every 32.4 SBS Partly Paid Shares
-
For shares with an amount of 10.99 cents remaining unpaid and payable by 29/11/10 – one Chalice Share for every 34.3 SBS Partly Paid Shares
-
For shares with an amount of 12.99 cents remaining unpaid and payable by 29/11/10 – one Chalice Share for every 38.2 SBS Partly Paid Shares
-
For shares with an amount of 8.99 cents remaining unpaid and payable by 21/11/09 or 29/11/09 – one Chalice Share for every 142.3 SBS Partly Paid Shares.
-
For shares with an amount of 6.49 cents remaining unpaid and payable by 29/11/10 – one Chalice Share for every 25.5 SBS Partly Paid Shares.
-
For shares with an amount of 14.99 cents remaining unpaid and payable by 02/03/11 – one Chalice Share for every 33.9 SBS Partly Paid Shares.
-
For shares with an amount of 9.99 cents remaining unpaid and payable by 30/11/12 – one Chalice Share for every 15.0 SBS Partly Paid Shares.
43
-
For shares with an amount of 14.99 cents remaining unpaid and payable by 30/11/12 – one Chalice Share for every 16.4 SBS Partly Paid Shares.
-
For shares with an amount of 19.99 cents remaining unpaid and payable by 30/11/12 – one Chalice Share for every 17.6 SBS Partly Paid Shares.
44
APPENDIX 5
MARKETABLE SECURITIES OF SBS HELD BY OR ON BEHALF OF DIRECTORS OF SBS
| SBSShares | ||
|---|---|---|
| NameofDirector | DirectInterest | IndirectInterest |
| BCBolitho | ‐ | ‐ |
| MRGriffiths | ‐ | 614,500 |
| PLMunachen | ‐ | 734,375 |
| SBSListedOptions | ||
| NameofDirector | DirectInterest | IndirectInterest |
| BCBolitho | ‐ | ‐ |
| MRGriffiths | ‐ | 15,625 |
| PLMunachen | ‐ | 36,718 |
| SBSUnlistedOptions | ||
| NameofDirector | DirectInterest | IndirectInterest |
| BCBolitho | ‐ | ‐ |
| MRGriffiths | ‐ | ‐ |
| PLMunachen | ‐ | ‐ |
| SBSPartlyPaidShares | ||
| NameofDirector | DirectInterest | IndirectInterest |
| BCBolitho | 3,000,000 | ‐ |
| MRGriffiths | ‐ | 12,000,000 |
| PLMunachen | ‐ | 7,000,000 |
45
APPENDIX 6
DEALINGS IN MARKETABLE SECURITIES OF SBS AND CHALICE
DEALINGS IN MARKETABLE SECURITIES OF SBS
None of SBS, Chalice or any person associated with SBS or Chalice has acquired or disposed of any marketable securities of SBS in the four months immediately preceding the Lodgement Date.
DEALINGS IN MARKETABLE SECURITIES OF CHALICE
None of SBS, Chalice or any person associated with SBS or Chalice has acquired or disposed of any marketable securities of Chalice in the four months immediately preceding the Lodgement Date other than:
-
1,384,000 Chalice Shares purchased by Plato Prospecting Pty Ltd (an entity associated with Timothy Goyder, a director of Chalice); and
-
300,000 Chalice Shares purchased on market by Central Manhattan Pty Ltd (an entity associated with Anthony Kiernan, a director of Chalice).
46
APPENDIX 7
INFORMATION ABOUT CHALICE
The information contained in this Appendix is to assist Scheme Participants in deciding how to vote in relation to the Scheme of Arrangement. Whilst SBS and its directors have no reason to believe that any of the information is false or misleading in any material respect, to the fullest extent permitted by law they expressly disclaim any responsibility for the completeness or accuracy of the information about Chalice contained in this Appendix.
1. BACKGROUND
Chalice was incorporated in Australia in 2005 and listed on the Australian Securities Exchange in March 2006. It is headquartered in Perth, Western Australia and its primary business is the exploration and development of the various mineral exploration projects in Western Australia referred to below.
The Chalice cash resources will be applied to the continued development of the Zara Project in Eritrea if the merger between it and SBS is implemented.
2. CHALICE'S PROJECTS
2.1 Murchison
The Gnaweeda Project is located in the Murchison Region of Western Australia, approximately 30 kilometres northeast of Meekatharra covering 190 square kilometres of tenements.
The Gnaweeda Project is subject to a joint venture with Teck Australia Pty Ltd ( Teck ) which has the right to acquire a 70% interest by the expenditure of $1.5M. Teck has currently earned 51% and may earn a further 19% by the expenditure of an additional $750,000. Teck has advised Chalice that it is reviewing alternative funding for its interest in the project.
Historical exploration has defined an extensive gold and arsenic anomalous zone, over 15 kilometres long and up to 750 metres wide, within a package of mafic and felsic rocks (the Fairway Magnetic Package, or FMP).
Recent RC drilling within the FMP by Teck has returned narrow high grade gold intercepts, within broader zones of anomalous gold mineralisation, in 7 of the 10 holes drilled. Better gold intercepts include 1 m @ 11.06g/t from 16 m, 1 m @ 37.60 g/t from 50 m, 2 m @ 14.26 g/t from 82 m, 2 m @ 33.94 g/t from 168 m and 3 m @ 11.87 g/t from 277 m. Further RC and diamond drilling is planned to test the extent of known mineralisation and provide important structural information to aid understanding of mineralisation controls for future targeting of thicker high‐grade zones.
47
2.2 Laverton
Chalice's Wilga Project covers 12 square kilometres located 15 kilometres south east of the Sunrise/Cleo gold mine owned by AngloGold Ashanti Limited ( AngloGold Ashanti ) and is approximately 55 kilometres south of Laverton in the highly endowed Laverton Tectonic Zone, which also hosts the Granny Smith and Red October gold deposits.
The Wilga Project is subject to a joint venture with AngloGold Ashanti whereby AngloGold Ashanti has the right to earn a 75% interest by the expenditure of $2 million within the next 4 years.
Gold mineralisation in the area is hosted by BIF, quartz veining and shear zones within basaltic sequences. Past exploration defined an extensive gold anomalous zone, over 1,500 metres long and up to 500 metres wide, centred on the BIF and a second anomalous zone overlying mafic and ultramafic lithologies to the west. Broad spaced RAB and limited RC drilling has yielded moderate width intercepts with significant gold values (>1 g/t) in several holes.
Further focussed exploration programs are planned to validate and verify existing gold anomalies and to develop an understanding of the geological characteristics and controls on the gold mineralisation. This work will include systematic mapping and rock chip sampling of exposures, aircore drilling of gold‐in‐soil anomalies and follow up RC and diamond drilling of selected target areas.
2.3 West Pilbara
Chalice's Yandeearra Project covers some 1,300 square kilometres in the West Pilbara of Western Australia, located approximately 100km south of Port Hedland and immediately south of Range River Gold Limited's Indee and west of De Grey Mining Limited's Turner River Gold Projects.
Atlas Iron Limited ( Atlas Iron ) has an option to acquire the iron ore rights over the Yandeearra Project for $1M having previously paid $250,000 for the grant of the option. This option expires in November 2009.
Gold mineralisation in the project area is present within the Mallina Basin sediments in the north and Pilbara Well greenstones in the southeast. Base metal anomalies are also present in the Pilbara Well rocks. Recent work has also indicated potential for bedded iron deposits associated with banded iron formation (BIF) units within the project area.
Gold and base metal exploration within the Pilbara Well greenstones by Chalice's former joint venture partner, De Grey Mining Limited, has included soil geochemistry, geological reconnaissance and rock sampling programs. Several new gold and base metal occurrences were identified by this work with high gold, copper, lead and silver grades obtained from rock samples. Most occurrences, however, were found to be related to wide‐spaced veins and narrow felsic dykes and were downgraded as having limited tonnage potential. The most recent work has focussed on a large, previously unexplored area near the Cleaverville Chert Hills where soil sampling identified a new, high tenor gold‐in‐soil (up to 2.64g/t) anomaly, which remains open and untested to the north and east. The anomaly occurs in a structurally favourable position at the western end of a large granite body that intrudes the greenstone rocks of the Cleaverville Chert and
48
underlying felsic volcanic lithologies. Data evaluation for planning of future work to define the limits and a possible bedrock source to the anomaly is being undertaken.
Atlas Iron has undertaken interpretation of regional aeromagnetic data coupled with helicopter reconnaissance surveys to assess the project for both direct shipping ore and magnetite potential. A relatively small area of surface iron enrichment (with values of 55 to 60% Fe, but relatively high phosphorus values of 0.15 to 0.29%) has been delineated in the southwest portion of the project. Three distinct BIF‐hosted, magnetite targets have been delineated in other areas and these will be assessed for their potential to host economic magnetite mineralisation.
3. CHALICE HISTORICAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Historical financial information (unaudited) in respect of Chalice as at 31 March 2009 is included in Appendix 8.
4. OWNERSHIP OF CHALICE
As at the Lodgement Date, Chalice had 72,800,000 fully paid ordinary shares on issue.
As at the Lodgement Date, Chalice also had the following 6,825,000 unlisted options on issue:
| issue: | ||
|---|---|---|
| NumberofOptions | ExpiryDate | ExercisePrice |
| 5,575,000 | 21March2011 | $0.25 |
| 500,000 | 21December2012 | $0.25 |
| 250,000 | 11December2012 | $0.20 |
| 500,000 | 31July2013 | $0.20 |
As at the Lodgement Date, Chalice had received the following current substantial shareholder notices pursuant to the Corporations Act:
| SubstantialShareholder | NumberofShares | %ofShares |
|---|---|---|
| TimothyRBGoyder | 17,240,458 | 23.68 |
| Balfes(Qld)PtyLtdas trusteefortheBalfesSuper Fund |
5,000,000 | 6.87 |
5. LITIGATION
Chalice is not currently involved in any litigation.
6. CHALICE'S DIRECTORS AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT
6.1 Timothy R B Goyder – Executive Chairman
Mr Goyder has over 35 years' experience in the resource industry as a prospector, investor, company director and as the owner and operator of a large contract drilling company.
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Mr Goyder has been involved in a range of exploration and development projects and in the formation and management of a number of publicly listed companies. He is currently a director of Uranium Equities Limited and chairman of Liontown Resources Limited.
6.2 Douglas Jones, PhD, AusIMM, CPGeo – Managing Director
Dr Jones has 30 years' experience in international mineral exploration, having worked extensively in Australia, Africa, the Americas and Europe. His career has covered exploration for volcanic and sediment‐hosted zinc‐copper‐lead, gold in a wide range of geological settings and IOCG style copper‐gold. He is also the managing director of Liontown Resources Limited and a director of AIM‐listed Minera IRL Limited.
6.3 Anthony W Kiernan, LLB Nonexecutive Director
Mr Kiernan is a solicitor with considerable experience in the administration and operation of listed public companies. In addition to his legal practice Mr Kiernan provides commercial and corporate advice to various entities, including those in the resources sector. He is chairman of BC Iron Limited and a director of Uranium Equities Limited and Liontown Resources Limited, which are listed on the ASX. Mr Kiernan is also Chairman of Anglicare (WA).
6.4 Richard Hacker, B.Com, ACA, ACIS Commercial Manager and Company Secretary
Mr Hacker has significant professional and corporate experience in the energy and resources sector in Australia and the United Kingdom. He has previously worked in senior finance roles with global energy companies including Woodside Petroleum Limited and Centrica Plc. Prior to that he worked with leading international accounting practices. Mr Hacker is a Chartered Accountant and Chartered Secretary and is also Company Secretary of Liontown Resources Limited and Uranium Equities Limited.
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APPENDIX 8
INFORMATION ABOUT THE MERGED GROUP
This Appendix sets out Chalice's intentions in relation to the continuation of SBS's business. These statements of intention are based on the information concerning SBS, its business and the general business environment which is known to Chalice at the time of preparation of the Scheme Booklet. Final decisions may only be reached by Chalice in light of increased knowledge through exposure to SBS's business.
1. OVERVIEW
The Merged Group will be known as Chalice Gold Mines Limited and will have the Zara Project as its key focus along with the mineral exploration projects of Chalice outlined in Appendix 7. As noted elsewhere in the Scheme Booklet, Chalice will also be purchasing a company which holds a further 11% in the Zara Project. This acquisition is subject to completion of the Scheme and would give the Merged Group an 80% interest in the Zara Project.
2. CONDUCT OF BUSINESS AND OTHER CORPORATE MATTERS
If the Scheme is implemented, Chalice intends to continue the development of the Zara Project expeditiously with a view to completing a pre‐feasibility study in the second half of 2009. The corporate activities of SBS will be assumed by Chalice in its corporate offices in West Perth, Australia. Chalice, through its joint venture partners, will also continue work on its existing projects, particulars of which are provided in Appendix 7.
3. SBS'S MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES
The current managing director of SBS, Michael Griffiths, will be appointed as an executive director of Chalice to ensure continuity in relation to his extensive knowledge of the Zara Project.
Subject to a more detailed review of the employees of SBS in Eritrea, Chalice's current intention is to have minimal operational job losses in the near future, particularly as the Zara Project advances towards feasibility.
4. COMBINED GROUP CONSOLIDATED PROFORMA BALANCE SHEET
Set out below is the unaudited pro‐forma consolidated balance sheet of the Merged Group which is based on the balance sheet of Chalice as at 31 March 2009 and the balance sheet of SBS as at 31 March 2009.
The unaudited pro‐forma consolidated balance sheet of the Merged Group is provided for illustrative purposes only and has been adjusted for material events which have occurred since that date and the merger adjustments detailed in Section 4.1 below.
As the consolidated pro‐forma balance sheet is as at 31 March 2009, it may not represent the financial position of the Merged Group following implementation of the Scheme. The fair value of the net assets of SBS will ultimately be determined as at the Effective Date.
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| BalanceSheetsasat31March2009 | Chalice GoldMines Proforma |
SubSahara Proforma |
Merger adjustments |
Proforma Merged Entity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CurrentAssets CashandEquivalents Trade&OtherReceivables FinancialAssets |
10,022,642 125,486 0 |
1,124,320 606,772 42,500 |
(2,664,200) 0 0 |
8,482,762 732,257 42,500 |
| TOTALCURRENTASSETS | 10,148,127 | 1,773,592 | (2,664,200) | 9,257,520 |
| NoncurrentAssets FinancialAssets Property,Plant&Equipment Exploration&EvaluationAssets |
144,407 247,605 2,023,146 |
0 421,357 7,162,983 |
0 0 935,424 |
144,407 668,962 10,121,552 |
| TOTALNONCURRENTASSETS | 2,415,158 | 7,584,340 | 935,424 | 10,934,921 |
| TOTALASSETS | 12,563,285 | 9,357,932 | (1,728,776) | 20,192,441 |
| Currentliabilities Trade&otherpayables Employeebenefits Other |
55,562 15,748 50,711 |
459,208 21,372 0 |
0 0 0 |
514,770 37,120 50,711 |
| TOTALCURRENTLIABILTIES | 122,021 | 480,580 | 0 | 602,601 |
| NoncurrentLiabilities Otherliabilities Provisions |
0 0 |
0 46,188 |
300,000 0 |
300,000 46,188 |
| TOTALNONCURRENTLIABILTIES | 0 | 46,188 | 300,000 | 346,188 |
| TOTALLIABILTIES | 122,021 | 526,768 | 300,000 | 948,788 |
| NETASSETS | 12,441,264 | 8,831,164 | (2,028,776) | 19,243,652 |
| Equity Issuedandpaidupcapital Reserves AccumulatedLosses |
13,974,454 620,882 (2,154,072) |
33,763,421 898,318 (25,830,575) |
(26,961,033) (898,318) 25,830,575 |
20,776,842 620,882 (2,154,072) |
| TOTALEQUITY 12,441,264 |
8,831,164 | (2,028,776) | 19,243,652 |
4.1 Merger adjustments
Cash and cash equivalents have been reduced by $2,664,200 to reflect payments made contingent upon the merger completing and include:
(a) The payment of $1,210,000 for the acquisition of a company which holds the additional 11% interest in the Zara Project;
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-
(b) Reimbursement of approximately $454,000 of historical exploration costs to the vendor of the interest in (a) above;
-
(c) Estimated costs of the merger for both Chalice and SBS of $765,000;
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(d) Termination and redundancy costs in relation to SBS directors of $62,700 as detailed under Section 21 of the Scheme Booklet and corporate employees of $34,500; and
-
(e) Termination costs of $138,000 in relation to the service contract referred to in Section 21 of the Scheme Booklet.
Exploration and evaluation assets have been increased by $935,424, represented by:
-
(f) an increase of $1,210,000 following the acquisition of a company which holds an additional 11% interest in the Zara Project;
-
(g) a fair value adjustment reducing exploration and evaluation assets by $574,576, calculated as the difference between the purchase price paid by Chalice (including direct costs of acquisition) and the fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities of SBS (excluding exploration and evaluation assets); and
-
(h) an increase of $300,000 representing increased costs of acquisition of the Zara Project licenses due to potential tax implications in relation to post‐merger restructuring activities. A corresponding offset in other non‐current liabilities has also been recorded.
4.2 Variation in accounting policies
No allowance for variations in accounting policies of Chalice and SBS have been made to the pro‐forma balance sheet of the Merged Group set out above. Differences in accounting policies will be taken into account following an assessment of fair values of the identifiable net assets of SBS following implementation of the Scheme. The Merged Group will report its financial information in accordance with Australian Equivalents to International Reporting Standards, adopting the accounting policies of Chalice.
5. RISKS
5.1 Overview
This section sets out a number of risks associated specifically with an investment in the Merged Group following implementation of the Scheme. These risks will be important for Scheme Participants to consider when deciding whether to vote in favour of the Scheme.
5.2 General economic risks and business climate
Share market conditions may affect the listed securities regardless of operating performance. Share market conditions are affected by many factors such as:
53
-
(a) general economic outlook;
-
(b) movements in or outlook on interest rates and inflation rates;
-
(c) currency fluctuations;
-
(d) commodity prices;
-
(e) changes in investor sentiment towards particular market sectors; and
-
(f) the demand and supply for capital.
-
5.3 Key Risks Arising from the Scheme
(a) Retention of New Chalice Shares
Chalice will issue Chalice Shares as consideration under the Scheme. Some SBS shareholders who receive New Chalice Shares may not wish to retain their shareholdings and it is possible that they may sell their Chalice Shares shortly after receiving them. If a significant number of shareholders do this, this may have an adverse effect on the price of Chalice Shares on the ASX in the short term.
(b) Production and Other Operational Risks
Gold mining involves significant degrees of risk, including those related to mineral exploration success, unexpected geological or mining conditions, the development of new deposits, climatic conditions, sourcing mining and processing inputs, equipment and/or service failures and other general operating risks. Many of these risks are outside the ability of Chalice's management to control.
(c) Exploration, Development, Mining and Processing Risks
The business of mineral exploration, project development and mining by its nature contains elements of significant risk. Ultimate and continuous success of these activities is dependent on many factors such as:
-
(i) the discovery and/or acquisition of economically recoverable ore reserves;
-
(ii) the successful conclusion of bankable feasibility studies;
-
(iii) access to adequate capital for project development;
-
(iv) design and construction of efficient mining and processing facilities within capital expenditure budgets;
-
(v) securing and maintaining title to tenements and compliance with the terms of those tenements;
-
(vi) obtaining consents and approvals necessary for the conduct of exploration and mining; and
54
- (vii) access to competent operational management and prudent financial administration, including the availability and reliability of appropriately skilled and experienced employees, contractors and consultants.
Whether or not revenue will result from projects undergoing exploration and development programs depends on the successful establishment of mining operations. Factors including costs, actual mineralisation, consistency and reliability of ore grades and commodity prices affect successful project development and mining operations.
Mining is an industry which has become subject to increasing legislative regulation, including but not limited to environmental responsibility and liability. The potential for liability is an ever present risk. The use and disposal of chemicals in the mining industry is under constant legislative scrutiny and regulation. The introduction of new laws and regulations, or changes to underlying policy, may adversely impact on the operations of Chalice.
(d) Joint venture parties, agents and contractors
Chalice is unable to predict the risk of financial failure or default by a participant in any joint venture to which Chalice is or may become a party or the insolvency or managerial failure of any of the contractors used by Chalice in any of its activities or the insolvency or other managerial failure of any other service providers used by Chalice for any activity.
(e)
Reliance on Key Personnel
Chalice's success depends largely on the core competencies of its current directors and management, and their familiarity with, and ability to operate in, the metals and mining industry and Chalice's ability to retain its key executives.
(f)
Resource Estimate
Resource estimates are expressions of judgment based on knowledge, experience and industry practice. Estimates which were valid when made may change significantly when new information becomes available. In addition, resource estimates are by their nature imprecise and depend on interpretations, which may prove to be inaccurate. Should Chalice encounter mineralisation or formations different from those predicted by past sampling and drilling, resource estimates may have to be adjusted and mining plans may have to be altered in a way which could have either a positive or negative effect on Chalice's operations.
(g)
Political Risk
As the Zara Project is located in Eritrea, it is subject to higher degree of political risk than Chalice's Australian operations. Chalice is therefore subject to political, economic, social and other uncertainties, including the risk of civil rebellion, expropriation, nationalisation, landownership disputes, community disputes, renegotiation or termination of existing contracts, mining licenses and permits or other agreements, changes in laws or taxation policies, currency exchange restrictions, changing political conditions and international monetary fluctuations.
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The effects of these factors cannot be accurately predicted and any combination of one or more of the above may impede the operation or development of the Zara Project and affect its economics.
(h) Zara Project exploration licences
SBS was advised by the Ministry of Energy and Mines in Eritrea that SBS's application for renewal of the Zara Project exploration licences for a term of 1 year from 25 May 2009 had been approved, subject to SBS:
-
(i) submitting and executing an appreciable work plan so as to advance the exploration work to a bankable project stage;
-
(ii) submitting a project pre‐feasibility study by the end of October 2009; and
-
(iii) submitting a feasibility study before the renewal anniversary date, 25 May 2010.
The Merged Group's ability to meet these conditions may be affected by matters beyond its control. Whilst the Department of Mines and Energy has previously renewed the Zara Project exploration licences where conditions attaching to the licences have not been complied with due to events beyond SBS's control, there can be no guarantee that this policy will continue to be followed.
(i)
Gnaweeda, Wilga and Yandeeara Projects
Chalice's exploration projects in Western Australia are at an earlier stage of exploration compared to the Zara Project. Therefore no assurances can be provided as to the ultimate discovery of an economically mineable resource from any of these projects.
(j)
Gold Price Risk
All of the Merged Group's production revenues would be derived from the sale of gold, meaning that its earnings would be closely related to the price of gold. Gold prices fluctuate widely and are affected by numerous industry factors beyond management's control, such as central bank sales, demand for precious metals, forward selling by producers and purchasers of gold, production cost levels in major gold producing regions, and macro‐economic factors.
(k)
Environment
The Merged Group's projects are subject to laws and regulations regarding environmental matters and the discharge of hazardous wastes and materials. As with all mining projects, these projects would be expected to have a variety of environmental impacts should development proceed.
The Merged Group intends to conduct its activities in an environmentally responsible manner and in accordance with applicable laws and industry standards. Areas disturbed by those activities will be rehabilitated as required by applicable laws and regulations.
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(l) Title
Apart from the exploration licences covering the Zara Project, tenements which Chalice holds or in which it has an interest may be the subject of applications for extension in the future. If a tenement is not extended, the Merged Group may suffer significant damage through loss of the opportunity to discover and/or develop any mineral resources on that tenement.
In addition, the Merged Group cannot guarantee that those tenements that are applications for tenements will ultimately be granted, in whole or in part.
6. CAPITAL STRUCTURE AND OWNERSHIP OF THE MERGED GROUP
As at the date of this Scheme Booklet, Chalice had 72,800,000 ordinary shares and 6,825,000 Chalice Options on issue, as outlined in Appendix 7.
Should the Scheme be approved at the Scheme Meeting, Chalice will issue approximately 46,703,766 New Chalice Shares to acquire 100% of the Scheme Shares and approximately 1,613,727 New Chalice Shares to acquire all the SBS Unlisted Securities.
At the Implementation Date, the overall interest of SBS shareholders, including holders of SBS Unlisted Securities, in Chalice will be approximately 39%.
As described in Appendix 7, Chalice currently has two substantial shareholders. Following completion of the merger, the substantial shareholders in Chalice, based on their shareholdings at the Lodgement Date will be:
| SubstantialShareholder | NumberofShares | %ofShares |
| TimothyRBGoyder | 17,240,458 | 14.23 |
| AnvilMiningLimited | 8,387,698 | 6.93 |
| RockfieldInvestmentsLtd group |
6,807,564 | 5.62 |
7. RIGHTS ATTACHING TO NEW CHALICE SHARES
Chalice is incorporated in Australia and is subject to the Corporations Act. As a company listed on the ASX, Chalice is also regulated by the Listing Rules.
The rights attaching to ownership of Chalice Shares (including New Chalice Shares) are:
-
described in the Chalice's constitution;
-
regulated by the Corporations Act; and
-
the Listing Rules.
The New Chalice Shares will rank pari passu with all other Chalice Shares presently on issue. The following is a broad summary (though not necessarily an exhaustive or definitive statement) of the rights attaching to Chalice Shares:
57
(a) Voting Rights
Subject to any rights or restrictions for the time being attached to any class or classes of shares in accordance with Chalice's constitution:
-
(i) each member entitled to vote may vote in person or by proxy or by representative;
-
(ii) on a show of hands, every person present who is a shareholder or a proxy or representative of a shareholder has one vote; and
-
(iii) on a poll, every person who is a shareholder or a proxy or representative of a shareholder present has one vote for each Chalice Share held.
(b) Dividend Rights
Chalice in general meeting may from time to time determine to distribute the profits of Chalice by way of dividend but no amount shall be declared in excess of the amount recommended by the board of directors of Chalice.
Subject to the rights of holders of shares issued with any special or preferential rights (at present there are none), dividends will be declared and paid to shareholders entitled to those dividends in proportion to the Chalice Shares held by them respectively, according to the amount paid up, or credited as paid up, on the Chalice Shares.
(c) Rights on Winding Up
Subject to the rights of holders of shares with special rights (at present there are none), if Chalice is wound up, the liquidator may, at its discretion and with the authority of a special resolution and any other sanction required by the Corporations Act, divide among the shareholders in specie or in kind, the whole or any part of the assets of Chalice that may be legally distributed among the shareholders.
(d) Transfer of Shares
Subject to Chalice's constitution, the Corporations Act and the ASX Listing Rules, Chalice Shares are freely transferable.
(e) Future Issues
Subject to Chalice's constitution, the Corporations Act and the ASX Listing Rules, Chalice's directors may allot, issue or grant options over, or otherwise deal with the unissued shares in Chalice at the times and on the terms and conditions that the directors think proper and a share may be issued with preferential, deferred, qualified or special rights, privileges or conditions or restrictions including, but not limited to, restrictions in regard to dividends, voting or return of capital as the directors from time to time determine.
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(f) Variation of Rights
Subject to Chalice's constitution and the Corporations Act, unless otherwise provided by the terms of issue of shares of a certain class (at present there are no such shares), the rights attached to shares of that class may, whether or not Chalice is being wound up, from time to time be varied, modified or abrogated either with the consent in writing of the holders of three‐quarters of the issued shares of the relevant class, or with the sanction of a special resolution passed at a separate general meeting of the holders of the shares of that class.
(g) Alteration of Chalice's constitution
Chalice's constitution can only be amended by a special resolution (that is, a resolution that has been passed by at least three‐quarters of the votes cast by shareholders entitled to vote on the resolution).
Full details of the rights attaching to Chalice Shares, including the New Chalice Shares, are set out in Chalice's constitution, a copy of which can be inspected, free of charge, at Chalice's registered office, at Level 2, 1292 Hay Street, West Perth, Western Australia 6005 during normal business hours.
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APPENDIX 9
FINANCIAL SERVICES GUIDE AND INDEPENDENT EXPERT’S REPORT SUB-SAHARA RESOURCES NL 29 MAY 2009
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BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd Level 8, 256 St Georges Terrace Perth WA 6000 PO Box 7426 Cloisters Square Perth WA 6850 Phone 61 9360 4200 Fax 61 9481 2524
[email protected] www.bdo.com.au
ABN 27 124 031 045 AFS Licence No. 316158
Financial Services Guide
29 May 2009
BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd ABN 27 124 031 045 (“ BDO Kendalls ” or “ we ” or “ us ” or “ ours ” as appropriate) has been engaged by Sub-Sahara Resources NL (“ Sub-Sahara ”) to provide an independent expert’s report on the proposal to merge via a scheme of arrangement with Chalice Gold Mines Limited. You will be provided with a copy of our report as a retail client because you are a shareholder of Sub-Sahara.
Financial Services Guide
In the above circumstances we are required to issue to you, as a retail client, a Financial Services Guide (“ FSG ”). This FSG is designed to help retail clients make a decision as to their use of the general financial product advice and to ensure that we comply with our obligations as financial services licensees.
This FSG includes information about:
-
♦ Who we are and how we can be contacted;
-
♦ The services we are authorised to provide under our Australian Financial Services Licence, Licence No. 316158;
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♦ Remuneration that we and/or our staff and any associates receive in connection with the general financial product advice;
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♦ Any relevant associations or relationships we have; and
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♦ Our internal and external complaints handling procedures and how you may access them.
Information about us
BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd is a member firm of the BDO Kendalls network in Australia, a national association of separate partnerships and entities. The financial product advice in our report is provided by BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd and not by BDO Kendalls or its related entities. BDO Kendalls and its related entities provide services primarily in the areas of audit, tax, consulting and financial advisory services.
We do not have any formal associations or relationships with any entities that are issuers of financial products. However, you should note that we and BDO Kendalls (and its related entities) might from time to time provide professional services to financial product issuers in the ordinary course of business.
Financial services we are licensed to provide
We hold an Australian Financial Services Licence that authorises us to provide general financial product advice for securities to retail and wholesale clients.
When we provide the authorised financial services we are engaged to provide expert reports in connection with the financial product of another person. Our reports indicate who has engaged us and the nature of the report we have been engaged to provide. When we provide the authorised services we are not acting for you.
General Financial Product Advice
We only provide general financial product advice, not personal financial product advice. Our report does not take into account your personal objectives, financial situation or needs.
You should consider the appropriateness of this general advice having regard to your own objectives, financial situation and needs before you act on the advice.
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Financial Services Guide
Page 62
Fees, Commissions and Other Benefits that we may receive
We charge fees for providing rep o rts, including this report. These fees are negotiated and agreed with the person who engages us to p r ovide the report. Fees are agreed on an hourly basis o r as a fixed amount depending on the terms of the agreement. The fee for this engagement is approximately $25,000.
Except for the fees referred to a b ove, neither BDO Kendalls, nor any of its directors, employees or related entities, receive any pecu n iary benefit or other benefit, directly or indirectly, for or i n connection with the provision of the report.
Other Assignments
We prepared an independent exp e rt’s report for Chalice Gold Mines Limited for an unrelate d transaction in October 2008. We received a f ee of approximately $30,000 for our report, however, o u r report was never released to the market.
Remuneration or other benefits received by our employees
All our employees receive a salary. Our employees are eligible for bonuses based on overa l l productivity but not directly in connection with a ny engagement for the provision of a report.
We have received a fee from Sub-Sahara for our professional services in providing this re p ort. That fee is not linked in any way with our opinion as expressed in this report.
Referrals
We do not pay commissions or pr o vide any other benefits to any person for referring custo m ers to us in connection with the reports that w e are licensed to provide.
Complaints resolution
Internal complaints resolution proc e ss
As the holder of an Australian Fin a ncial Services Licence, we are required to have a syste m for handling complaints from persons to whom we provide financial product advice. All complaints must be in writing addressed to The Complaints Off i cer, BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd, PO Box 7426 Cloisters Square, Perth WA 6850.
When we receive a written compl a int we will record the complaint, acknowledge receipt of the complaint within 15 days and investigate the issues raised. As soon as practical, and not more than 45 days after receiving the written complaint, we will advise the complainant in writing of our determination.
Referral to External Dispute Resol u tion Scheme
A complainant not satisfied with th e outcome of the above process, or our determination, h a s the right to refer the matter to the Financial O m budsman Service (“ FOS ”). FOS is an independent org a nisation that has been established to provide fr e e advice and assistance to consumers to help in resolving complaints relating to the financial service ind u stry. FOS will be able to advise you as to whether or no t they can be of assistance in this matter. Our F O S Membership Number is 12561.
Further details about FOS are a v ailable at the FOS website www.fos.org.au or by con t acting them directly via the details set out belo w .
Financial Ombudsman S e rvice GPO Box 3 Melbourne VIC 3001 Toll free: 1300 78 08 08 Facsimile: (03) 9613 639 9 Email: [email protected]
Contact details
You may contact us using the details set out at the top of our letterhead on page 1 of this FSG.
SUB-SAHARA RESOURCES NL
INDEPENDENT EXPERT’S REPORT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| 1. | I N TROD U C TI O N ........................................................................... 64 |
|---|---|
| 2. | S UM M A RY A ND OP I NI O N ............................................................... 64 |
| 3. | OU TLI NE O F S CH EM E ................................................................... 66 |
| 4. | RE P OR T RE QUI R EM EN TS ............................................................... 68 |
| 5. | BA S I S OF EV ALU ATI ON ................................................................. 69 |
| 6. | P ROFI LE OF S UB S AH AR A RE S OU RC ES N L ......................................... 69 |
| 7. | P ROFI LE OF C HA LI C E ................................................................... 73 |
| 8. | IND U STR YANA LYS I S ................................................................... 76 |
| 9. | V ALU ATI O N M ETH OD OL OGI ES ........................................................ 78 |
| 10. | V ALU ATI O N O F S UB S AH AR A PR I OR TO THE S CHE ME ........................... 81 |
| 11. | V ALU ATI O N O F C HA LI CE A FTE R TH E SC H EME ..................................... 85 |
| 12. | I S TH E SC HEM E FA I R? ................................................................. 88 |
| 13. | OTH ER C ON SI D E RA TI ONS .............................................................. 88 |
| 14. | I S TH E SC HEM E R EAS ONAB LE? ...................................................... 89 |
| 15. | AD V AN TAGE S A ND DI S AD VA NTA GE S I F TH E S CH EME I S AP P ROV E D .......... 89 |
| 16. | AD V AN TAGE S A ND DI S AD VA NTA GE S I F TH E S CH EME I S NOT AP P ROVE D .... 90 |
| 17. | CO NC LUS I O N ............................................................................. 91 |
| 18. | S OUR CE S OF I NFO RM A TI ON ........................................................... 91 |
| 19. | I N DE PEN DE N CE .......................................................................... 91 |
| 20. | QU ALI FI CA TI ON S ........................................................................ 92 |
| 21. | DI SC LAI M ERS AN D CO NS E NTS ........................................................ 92 |
APPENDIX 1 – Glossary
APPENDIX 2 – Independent valuation of Zara Gold Project prepared by Al Maynard and Associates Pty Ltd
APPENDIX 3 – Independent valuation of Chalice Gold Mines Limited’s exploration assets prepared by SRK Consulting (Australasia) Pty Ltd
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BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd Level 8, 256 St Georges Terrace Perth WA 6000 PO Box 7426 Cloisters Square Perth WA 6850 Phone 61 9360 4200 Fax 61 9481 2524
[email protected] www.bdo.com.au
ABN 27 124 031 045 AFS Licence No. 316158
29 May 2009
The Directors Sub-Sahara Resources NL PO Box 8260 Perth Business Centre PERTH WA 6849
Dear Sirs
INDEPENDENT EXPERT'S REPORT – SCHEME OF ARRANGEMENT
1. INT RODUCTION
BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd (“ BDO Kendalls ”) has been engaged by SubSahara Resources NL (“ Sub-Sahara ”) to prepare an Independent Expert’s Report (“ our Report ”) to express an opinion as to whether or not the proposal to merge with Chalice Gold Mines Limited (“ Chalice ”) via a scheme of arrangement (“ the Scheme ”) is in the best interests of non-associated shareholders (“ Shareholders ”) of Sub-Sahara.
Our Report is to be included in the Scheme Document for Sub-Sahara to be sent to all Shareholders to assist them in deciding whether to approve the Scheme.
2. SUMMARY AND OPINION
2.1 Opinion
We have considered the terms of the Scheme as outlined in the body of this report and have concluded that the Scheme is in the best interest of Shareholders in the absence of a higher offer.
In our opinion, if the Scheme had been in the form of a takeover bid we would have concluded that the proposal was not fair but reasonable. The Scheme is not fair because the value of 10.73 Sub-Sahara shares prior to the announcement of the Scheme is greater than the value of a Chalice share following the implementation of the Scheme. However, we consider the Scheme to be reasonable because the advantages of the Scheme to Shareholders are greater than the disadvantages. In particular, we have considered Sub-Sahara’s need for cash to fund the development of the Zara Project.
RG 111.18 states that if an expert concludes a scheme is not fair but reasonable then it is still open to the expert to conclude that the scheme is in the best interests of members. Given Sub-Sahara’s requirement for funding we consider that there are sufficient reasons for Shareholders to vote in favour of the Scheme.
We believe that the Directors would be justified in recommending that Shareholders vote in favour of the Scheme, in the absence of a higher offer.
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2.2 Fairness
In Section 12 we determined that the value of 10.73 Sub-Sahara shares prior to the Scheme compares to the value of a Chalice share following the Scheme, as detailed below.
| Ref | Low | Preferred | High | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| $ | $ | $ | |||
| Value of | a Chalice share | 10 | 0.201 | 0.237 | 0.277 |
| Value of | 10.73 Sub-Sahara shares | 11 | 0.247 | 0.311 | 0.365 |
The above valuation ranges are graphically presented as follows:
==> picture [341 x 125] intentionally omitted <==
----- Start of picture text -----
Valuation Summary
Value of a Chalice share
Value of 10.73 Sub Sahara
shares
0.19 0.24 0.29 0.34
$
----- End of picture text -----
The above pricing indicates that the Scheme is not fair for Shareholders.
2.3 Reasonableness
We have considered the analysis in Sections 13 to 16 of this report, in terms of both:
-
advantages and disadvantages of approving or not approving the Scheme; or
-
alternatives, including the position of Shareholders if the Scheme does not proceed.
In our opinion, the position of Shareholders if the Scheme proceeds is more advantageous than the position if the Scheme does not proceed. Accordingly, we believe that the Scheme is reasonable for Shareholders.
The respective advantages and disadvantages if the Scheme is approved are summarised below:
| ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES IF THE SCHEME IS APPROVED | ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES IF THE SCHEME IS APPROVED | ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES IF THE SCHEME IS APPROVED | ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES IF THE SCHEME IS APPROVED |
|---|---|---|---|
| Section | Advantages | Section | Disadvantages |
| 15.1.1 | Access to substantial cash reserves |
15.2.1 | Dilution of Shareholders’ interest in Sub-Sahara |
| 15.1.2 | Exposure to additional exploration assets |
||
| 15.1.3 | Benefits of being a larger company |
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The respective advantages and disadvantages if the Scheme is not approved are summarised below:
| ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES IF THE SCHEME IS NOT APPROVED | ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES IF THE SCHEME IS NOT APPROVED | ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES IF THE SCHEME IS NOT APPROVED | ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES IF THE SCHEME IS NOT APPROVED |
|---|---|---|---|
| Section | Advantages | Section | Disadvantages |
| 16.1.1 | Retain current interest in Sub-Sahara and its assets |
16.2.1 | May not find a better offer |
| 16.1.2 | May find a better offer | 16.2.2 | Potential repayment of a loan from Chalice |
3. OUT LINE OF SCHEME
Sub-Sahara and Chalice propose to merge via a scheme of arrangement. The Scheme involves Chalice acquiring all the issued shares of Sub-Sahara. Sub-Sahara Shareholders will receive shares in Chalice as consideration for their shares in Sub-Sahara. The Scheme provides for Sub-Sahara shareholders to receive one Chalice share for every 10.73 of their Sub-Sahara shares.
The options and partly paid shares of Sub-Sahara will be treated as follows:
| Description | Treatment |
|---|---|
| Partly paid shares | Partly paid shareholders will be offered to convert to one Chalice |
| share for the following Sub-Sahara partly paid shares: | |
| • $0.0899 unpaid – 142.3 Sub-Sahara partly paid shares |
|
| • $0.0649 unpaid – 25.5 Sub-Sahara partly paid shares |
|
| • $0.1499 unpaid (payable 2 March 2011) – 33.9 Sub-Sahara |
|
| partly paid shares | |
| • $0.0999 unpaid (payable 30 November 2012) – 15.0 |
|
| Sub-Sahara partly paid shares | |
| • $0.0999 unpaid (payable 29 November 2011) – 32.4 |
|
| Sub-Sahara partly paid shares | |
| • $0.1099 unpaid – 34.3 Sub-Sahara partly paid shares |
|
| • $0.1299 unpaid – 38.2 Sub-Sahara partly paid shares |
|
| • $0.1499 unpaid (payable 30 November 2012) – 16.4 |
|
| Sub-Sahara partly paid shares | |
| • $0.1999 unpaid – 17.6 Sub-Sahara partly paid shares |
|
| Listed options | These options will be allowed to lapse. |
| Unlisted options | These options are held by Anvil Mining Limited. The options may be |
| exercisable at $0.15 | cancelled for no consideration or Chalice could agree to purchase |
| these options. | |
| Unlisted options | These options will be converted to Chalice shares at a ratio of one |
| exercisable at $0.11 | Chalice share for 18.65 Sub-Sahara options or will be cancelled. |
| Unlisted options | These options will be converted to Chalice shares at a ratio of one |
| exercisable at $0.10 | Chalice share for 28.94 Sub-Sahara options or will be cancelled. |
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The Scheme is subject to the following:
-
The merger implementation agreement executed on 29 April 2009 not being terminated;
-
Any third party consents and approvals are received;
-
The Scheme is approved by Shareholders;
-
The Scheme is approved by the court;
Sub-Sahara currently has 501,159,859 fully paid ordinary shares on issue. If the Scheme is approved then these shares will convert to approximately 46,702,892 Chalice shares (assuming there will be no fractional entitlements). Current Chalice shareholders hold 72,800,000 shares, which means Sub-Sahara shareholders will have an interest of approximately 39% in the merged entity. However, this does not take into account the possible effects of the Sub-Sahara partly paid shares and options being converted to Chalice shares. The table below demonstrates the potential shareholdings that Sub-Sahara shareholders will have in Chalice following the Scheme:
| Current | Proposed | |
|---|---|---|
| Sub-Sahara Shares Other Sub- Sahara Securities Chalice Shares |
Conversion Rate Chalice Shareholders Percentage |
|
| Chalice shareholders Sub-Sahara Shareholders Options ($0.10) Options ($0.11) Options ($0.15) Partly paid shares ($0.0999) Partly paid shares ($0.1099) Partly paid shares ($0.1299) Partly paid shares ($0.0899) Partly paid shares ($0.0649) Partly paid shares ($0.1499) Partly paid shares ($0.0999) Partly paid shares ($0.1499) Partly paid shares ($0.1999) Total |
- - 72,800,000 501,159,859 - 400,000 - - 3,400,000 - - 25,000,000 - - 4,500,000 - - 2,850,000 - - 450,000 - - 7,290,000 - - 5,750,000 - - 5,750,000 - - 4,000,000 - - 4,000,000 - - 4,000,000 - |
- 72,800,000 60.11% 10.73 46,702,892 38.56% 28.9 13,820 0.01% 18.6 182,276 0.15% - - - 32.4 138,838 0.11% 34.3 82,994 0.07% 38.2 11,790 0.01% 142.3 51,246 0.04% 25.5 225,277 0.19% 33.9 169,626 0.14% 15.0 267,083 0.22% 16.4 243,851 0.20% 17.6 226,926 0.19% |
| 501,159,859 64,090,000 72,800,000 |
121,116,619 100.00% |
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The changes in the shareholdings of Chalice and Sub-Sahara as a result of the implementation of the Scheme are set out graphically below:
Pre Scheme:
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----- Start of picture text -----
100% 100%
!"#$!%&%'% .&%+/0)
----- End of picture text -----
Post Scheme:
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----- Start of picture text -----
38.5% 1.4% 60.1%
.&%+/0)
100%
!"#$!%&%'%
----- End of picture text -----
The tables above assume that no Chalice options are exercised prior to the implementation of the Scheme.
Simultaneously with the implementation of the Scheme Chalice will acquire Yolanda International Limited (“ YIL ”) which owns an 11% interest in the Zara Gold Project.
4. REPORT REQUIREMENT S
The Scheme is to be implemented pursuant to Section 411 of the Corporations Act Regulations (“ Section 411 ”). Part 3 of Schedule 8 to the Corporations Regulations prescribes the information to be sent to shareholders in relation to members’ schemes of arrangement pursuant to Section 411.
Schedule 8 of the Corporations Regulations requires an independent expert’s report if:
-
The corporation that is the other party to the Scheme has a common director or directors with the company which is the subject of the Scheme; or
-
The corporation that is the other party is entitled to more than 30% of the voting shares in the subject company.
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The criteria above do not apply to the Scheme. Accordingly, there is no requirement for this report pursuant to Section 411.
Notwithstanding the fact that there is no legal requirement to engage an independent expert to report on the Scheme, the directors of Sub-Sahara have requested that BDO Kendalls prepare this report as if it were an independent expert’s report pursuant to Section 411, and to provide an opinion as to whether the directors of Sub-Sahara are justified in recommending the Scheme in the absence of a superior proposal.
5. BASIS OF EVALUAT ION
5.1 Regulatory Guidance
In determining whether the Scheme is in the best interests of Shareholders, we have had regard to the views expressed by the ASIC in Regulatory Guide 111: Content of Expert Reports. This Regulatory Guide suggests that an opinion as to whether transactions are fair and reasonable should focus on the purpose and outcome of the transaction, that is, the substance of the transaction rather than the legal mechanism to effect the transaction.
In our opinion the Scheme is a control transaction as defined by RG 111 because Chalice shareholders will retain 60.9% of the merged entity and the Chalice Board will only include one Sub-Sahara director. We have therefore assessed the Scheme to consider whether in our opinion it is in the best interests of Shareholders.
5.2 Adopted Basis of Evaluation
RG 111 requires that the form of analysis performed by the independent expert to be substantially the same as for a takeover bid. If the expert would conclude that the proposal was “fair and reasonable” if it was in the form a takeover bid, it will be able to conclude the scheme is in the best interest, of the members of the Company. Having regard to RG 111, BDO Kendalls has completed this comparison in two parts:
-
A comparison between the value of a Sub-Sahara share prior to the Scheme and the value of a Chalice share following the Scheme (fairness – see Section 12 “Is the Scheme Fair?”); and
-
An investigation into other significant factors to which Shareholders might give consideration, prior to approving the resolution, after reference to the value derived above (reasonableness – see Sections 13 to 16).
If the Scheme is considered to be “not fair” but reasonable if it was in the form of a takeover bid, it is still open to the expert to conclude that the Scheme is in the best interest of the Shareholders.
6. PROFILE OF SUB SAHAR A RESOURCES NL
6.1 History
Sub-Sahara is an Australian junior exploration company based in Perth, Western Australia focusing on exploration in Eritrea. Formerly known as Maiden Gold NL, the Company was formed in 1993 and listed on the ASX in 1994.
The Company’s interest in Eritrea is the Zara Gold Project Joint Venture (JV) with Dragon Mining Ltd and Africa Wide Resources Ltd comprising four licences covering an
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area of 147km[2] . Sub-Sahara’s interest is 69% and the primary focus of this JV is the Koka gold deposit, expected to yield approximately 0.94 million ounces of gold. The Eritrean government recently awarded its first mining license prompting confidence in the potential for economic development of the site.
On 3 March 2009 Sub-Sahara completed the sale of its Tanzanian assets to Western Metals Limited in exchange for the following:
-
$900,000 in cash;
-
$250,000 deferred payment by the end of 2009 subject to assessment of final liabilities;
-
$100,000 payable subject to a pre-emptive right; and
-
$5 million on commencement of production at the Nyanzaga gold project.
6.2 Capital Structure
The quoted share capital of Sub-Sahara as at 17 April 2009 is outlined below:
| Number | |
|---|---|
| Total Ordinary Shares on Issue Top 20 Shareholders Top 20 Shareholders - % of shares on issue |
501,159,859 307,014,115 |
| 61.3% |
Source: Computershare
The distribution of shareholdings in Sub-Sahara as at 31 March 2009 is as follows:
| Range of Shares Held | No. of Ordinary Shareholders |
No. of Ordinary Shares |
%Issued Capital |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1-1,000 53 18,083 0.0% |
|||
| 1,001-5,000 97 321,078 0.1% |
|||
| 5,001-10,000 241 2,049,900 0.4% |
|||
| 10,001-100,000 883 39,549,040 7.9% |
|||
| 100,001 – and over 385 459,221,758 91.6% |
|||
| TOTAL 1,659 501,159,859 100.0% |
Source: Computershare
The ordinary shares held by the most substantial shareholders as at 17 April 2009 is detailed below:
| Name | No of Ordinary | **Percentage of ** |
|---|---|---|
| Shares Held | Issued Shares (%) |
|
| Anvil Mining Limited ANZ Nominees Limited Sundowner International Limited Merrill Lynch (Australia) Nominees Pty Limited Total Top 4 Others Total Ordinary Shares on Issue |
90,000,000 18.0% 52,801,387 10.5% 39,260,808 7.8% 27,747,500 5.5% |
|
| 209,809,695 41.8% 291,350,164 58.2% |
||
| 501,159,859 100.0% |
Source: Computershare
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6.3 Historical Balance Sheets
| Balance Sheets | As at As at As at |
|---|---|
| 31 December 2008 $ 30 June 2008 $ 30 June 2007 $ |
|
| CURRENT ASSETS Cash assets Trade and other receivables Other financial assets TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS NON-CURRENT ASSETS Property, plant and equipment Deferred exploration, evaluation and development costs TOTAL NON-CURRENT ASSETS TOTAL ASSETS CURRENT LIABILITIES Trade and other payables Provisions TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES Provisions TOTAL NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES TOTAL LIABILITIES NET ASSETS EQUITY Contributed equity Reserves Accumulated losses TOTAL EQUITY |
599,246 3,117,758 4,752,973 640,484 282,305 760,719 57,500 1,256,802 15,516,849 |
| 1,297,230 4,656,865 21,030,541 564,168 644,845 252,555 8,245,582 14,491,237 10,216,566 |
|
| 8,809,750 15,136,082 10,469,121 |
|
| 10,106,980 19,792,947 31,499,662 |
|
| 587,096 252,373 1,412,528 19,249 53,222 5,977,682 |
|
| 606,345 305,595 7,390,210 44,331 - - |
|
| 44,331 - - |
|
| 650,676 305,595 7,390,210 |
|
| 9,456,304 19,487,352 24,109,452 |
|
| 33,763,421 33,763,421 31,049,982 898,318 898,318 854,829 (25,205,435) (15,174,387) (7,795,359) |
|
| 9,456,304 19,487,352 **24,109,452 ** |
Source: Source: Sub-Sahara Resources NL Financial Report for the year ended 30 June 2008 and reviewed financial report for the six months ended 31 December 2008.
Sub-Sahara wrote down the value of its exploration expenditure by approximately $7.5 million during the six months ended 31 December 2008. The value of financial assets was also written down by approximately $1.1 million for the same period. We note that Sub-Sahara’s cash was predominantly utilised on exploration expenditure.
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6.4 Historical Income Statements
| Income Statement | Six months ended 31 December 2008 $ Year ended 30 June 2008 $ Year ended 30 June 2007 $ |
|---|---|
| Revenue Management fees Profit from sale of investment Proceeds from sale of prospects Other Interest Received- other corporations Total Revenue Expenses Depreciation and amortisation expenses Salaries, directors and employee benefits expense Exploration expenditure written down Provision for diminution of investments Cost of prospects sold Annual report costs ASX fees Audit fees Consulting fees Insurance Administration and accounting costs Motor vehicle expenses Public relations and conferences Rent Security costs Telephone Travel-corporate and project Share registry costs Other expenses from ordinary activities Loss from sale of investment Profit before income tax expense Income tax expense Net profit |
- 342,198 137,810 - - 14,884,570 - 647,415 - 135,751 41,932 10,822 - 77,148 130,683 |
| 135,751 1,108,693 15,163,885 (98,112) (152,910) (137,066) (626,675) (1,336,637) (1,492,153) (7,495,520) (725,134) (2,254) (552,318) (42,892) (88,623) - (383,178) (48,427) - (16,693) (33,378) - (25,191) (26,856) - (38,074) (40,142) - (64,295) (96,081) - (30,852) (55,876) (505,560) (248,700) (206,514) - (3,862) (9,051) - (23,859) (23,706) - (88,961) (66,007) - (13,308) (13,884) - (31,552) (33,033) (58,091) (229,859) (169,346) - (37,094) (26,429) (277,892) (410,795) (319,149) (541,803) (5,624,357) - |
|
| (10,020,220) (8,419,510) 12,275,910 |
|
| - 1,016,161 (5,953,828) |
|
| (10,020,220) (7,403,349) **6,322,082 ** |
Source: Source: Sub-Sahara Resources NL Financial Report for the year ended 30 June 2008 and reviewed financial report for the six months ended 31 December 2008.
We note that some of the items included in the income statement for the six months ended 31 December 2008 have been classified differently to prior periods.
Approximately $14.9 million of revenue for the year ended 30 June 2007 was from the sale of a project in Eritrea during that financial year. Sub-Sahara wrote down a significant value of exploration expenditure during the six months ended 31 December 2008.
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7. PROFILE OF CHALICE
7.1 History
Chalice is a gold focused exploration and development company formed in 2005. The company commenced trading on the Australian Securities Exchange in March 2006 after a successful initial public offering raised $7.5 million.
The primary business objective of Chalice is to create shareholder wealth through the discovery and development of economic gold deposits, principally in Western Australia.
The company has both direct and joint venture interests in three major projects located in the West Pilbara, Laverton and Murchison Regions of Western Australia. Initially Chalice held the Chalice and Higginsville Projects in the Eastern Goldfields, however these were sold to Avoca Resources Limited in May 2007. Consideration comprised 3.5 million Avoca ASX listed shares and 2 million 3-year unlisted options with a second and final tranche of 483,335 shares settled in February 2009 upon finalisation of tenement matters.
The Board of Chalice consists of the following directors:
- Timothy Goyder – Executive Director
Tim has over 35 years experience in the resource industry and has been involved in the formation and management of a number of publicly listed companies.
- Douglas Jones – Non-Executive Director
Doug has 30 years experience in international mineral exploration in Australia, Africa, South America and Europe. Doug’s career has covered exploration for volcanic and sediment-hosted zinc-copper-gold, gold and IOCG style coppergold.
- Anthony Kiernan – Non-Executive Director
Anthony is a solicitor and is experienced in the administration and operation of listed public companies.
Chalice’s major projects are as follows:
Yandeearra Project
The Yandeearra Project is located in the West Pilbara and consists of a tenement package of around 1,300 km[2] contiguous with Range River Gold Limited’s Indee Gold Project and De Grey Mining Limited’s Turner Gold River Belt.
Atlas Iron Limited may acquire iron ore rights over the project for $1 million, having paid an option fee of $250,000.
Chalice’s ongoing field work at Yandeearra has included aircore, RAB, RC and vacuum drilling programs which have so far outlined 17 significant gold in soil anomalies. The bulk of this work was undertaken in the Mallina Basin. In addition to this, geological and reconnaissance sampling has confirmed high tenor gold in soil and multi element base metal anomalies across the tenement. These discoveries are of varying size potential and further sampling will be undertaken to ascertain development viability.
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Wilga Project
The Wilga Project covers approximately 20km[2] and is located 55km south of Laverton in the mineral rich Laverton Tectonic Zone. In September 2008 Chalice entered an agreement with AngloGold Ashanti Australia Limited whereby AngloGold may earn a 75% interest in the project for $2 million expenditure within the next 4 years.
The geological setting of the project area consists of outcropping Archaean basalts, peridotite and thin banded iron formation. Within the basaltic sequences the area is hosted by banded iron formations quartz veining and shear zones. Historic exploration of the area defined an extensive gold anomalous zone centred on the banded iron formation and as such Chalice considers further exploration warranted.
The project is still in its very early stages.
Gnaweeda Project
The Gnaweeda Project is located at Gnaweeda in the Murchison Region of Western Australia. Chalice has entered into a joint venture with Teck Cominco Australia Limited granting a 70% interest for $1.5 million expenditure over three years. At present Teck Cominco has earned 51% of the project which covers 190km2 of tenements.
To date Teck Cominco has completed ten RC holes, mostly intersecting coarse-grained mafic or dolerite rocks with pervasive carbonate alteration, localised quartz-carbonate veining and disseminated pyrite. Three holes returned narrow high grade gold intercepts within broader anomalous gold mineralisations. Additional diamond and RC drilling is planned to test the extent of mineralisations discovered to date and to provide further structural information.
7.2 Share Structure
The quoted share capital of Chalice as at 28 April 2009 is outlined below:
| Number | |
|---|---|
| Total Ordinary Shares on Issue Top 20 Shareholders Top 20 Shareholders - % of shares on issue |
72,800,000 41,232,581 |
| 56.6% |
Source: Computershare
The distribution of shareholdings in Chalice as at 31 March 2009 is as follows:
| Range of Shares Held | No. of Ordinary Shareholders |
No. of Ordinary Shares |
%Issued Capital |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1-1,000 66 27,359 0.0% |
|||
| 1,001-5,000 257 742,822 1.0% |
|||
| 5,001-10,000 181 1,532,197 2.1% |
|||
| 10,001-100,000 284 10,228,577 14.0% |
|||
| 100,001 – and over 92 60,269,045 82.8% |
|||
| TOTAL 880 72,800,000 100.0% |
Source: Computershare
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The ordinary shares held by the most substantial shareholders as at 28 April 2009 is detailed below:
| Name | No of Ordinary | **Percentage of ** |
|---|---|---|
| Shares Held | Issued Shares (%) |
|
| Plato Prospecting Pty Ltd Balfes (QLD) Pty Ltd Calm Holdings Pty Ltd Nefco Nominees Pty Ltd Total Top 4 Others Total Ordinary Shares on Issue |
16,202,452 22.2% 5,000,000 6.9% 2,842,170 3.9% 2,619,501 3.6% |
|
| 26,664,123 36.6% 46,135,877 63.4% |
||
| 72,800,000 100.0% |
Source: Computershare
7.3 Historical Balance Sheets
| Balance Sheets | As at As at As at |
|---|---|
| 31 December 2008 $ 30 June 2008 $ 30 June 2007 $ |
|
| CURRENT ASSETS Cash and cash equivalents Trade and other receivables Financial assets Assets held for sale TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS NON-CURRENT ASSETS Financial assets Exploration and evaluation assets Property, plant and equipment TOTAL NON-CURRENT ASSETS TOTAL ASSETS CURRENT LIABILITIES Trade and other payables Employee benefits Other TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES Other TOTAL NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES TOTAL LIABILITIES NET ASSETS EQUITY Issued capital Accumulated losses Reserves TOTAL EQUITY |
9,393,534 9,972,766 2,323,949 1,067,225 84,085 5,919,204 - - 20,701 - 164,064 153,189 |
| 10,460,759 10,220,915 8,417,043 13,442 74,698 70,193 1,838,391 2,033,937 3,134,600 263,712 207,781 208,491 |
|
| 2,234,545 2,316,416 3,413,284 |
|
| 12,695,304 12,537,331 11,830,327 |
|
| 159,839 60,782 152,179 21,710 19,565 22,688 51,104 - - |
|
| 232,653 80,347 174,867 - 51,976 54,326 |
|
| - 51,976 51,326 |
|
| 232,653 132,323 229,193 |
|
| 12,462,651 12,405,008 11,601,134 |
|
| 13,974,454 13,974,454 13,974,454 (2,121,649) (2,140,356) (2,875,202) 609,846 570,910 501,882 |
|
| 12,462,651 12,405,008 11,601,134 |
Source: Chalice Gold Mines Limited Financial Report for the year ended 30 June 2008 and reviewed financial statements for the six months ended 31 December 2008.
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During the year ended 30 June 2008 Chalice exercised its options and sold its shares in Avoca Resources Limited that it received following the sale of its Chalice and Higginsville projects. This resulted in a significant increase in cash at bank and a reduction in trade and other receivables.
7.4 Historical Income Statements
| Income Statements | 6 months ended 31 December 2008 Year ended 30 June 2008 Year ended 30 June 2007 |
6 months Ye |
|---|---|---|
| $ $ $ |
||
| Revenue Net gain/(loss) on sale of exploration/ evaluation assets Net gain on sale of securities Changes in fair value of available for sale assets Other income Total Revenue Expenses Impairment losses on exploration and evaluation expenditure Project transaction costs expensed Exploration costs not capitalised Corporate administrative expenses Finance costs Profit before income tax expense Income tax expense Net profit |
674,486 (1,681) 1,581,271 - 556,852 - 1,499 1,996,631 - 524,911 748,586 452,305 |
|
| 1,200,896 3,300,388 2,033,576 - (1,355,640) (1,556,950) (280,118) - - (74,414) (41,783) (68,211) (827,657) (1,168,055) (1,593,107) - (64) (2,784) |
||
| 18,707 734,846 (1,187,476) |
||
| - - - |
||
| 18,707 734,846 (1,187,476) |
Source: Chalice Gold Mines Limited Financial Report for the year ended 30 June 2008 and reviewed financial statements for the six months ended 31 December 2008.
The income statements above reflect the income generated from the sale of exploration assets. Exploration assets were impaired for the years ended 30 June 2007 and 30 June 2008, however, there was no impairment of exploration assets for the six months ended 31 December 2008.
8. I NDUSTRY ANALYSIS
8.1 Current Economic Conditions
It is of general consensus that the prolonged economic crisis will impact global economic activity beyond levels that were previously anticipated. According to a recent forecast from the International Monetary Fund (“ IMF ”), the global economy will shrink by between 0.5 and 1 percent on an annual average basis in 2009, before recovering gradually during the course of 2010. Following several years of strong economic conditions in the major global economies including the US, Europe and China, if forecasts eventuate it will be the first global contraction in 60 years.
Since the later months of 2007, the global economy has been characterised by sinking confidence and trade volumes, negative macroeconomic data and unrelenting financial turmoil. Governments and central banks have reacted with expansionary fiscal and monetary policy while the banking sector has been leveraging their balance sheets to
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reduce exposure the risky and emerging market assets. To date, the effect of expansionary monetary policy measures has been limited by the space available for reductions in the cash rate, stringent lending conditions by commercial banks, higher perceived default rates being priced into lending rates and the collapse of many traditional funding sources. Expansionary fiscal policy in the form of government stimulus packages have been well below the 2% of GDP that has been recommended by the IMF and this also looks to be the case in the immediate future.
The IMF has forecast that there is a real risk of deflationary pressures, especially in Japan and the US, potentially resulting in a further reduction in economic growth. Commodity and oil prices are expected to remain low while the current economic conditions persist.
In the past decade, growth in the Australian economy has been sustained predominantly by demand for commodities from developing countries such as China and India. Risk aversion has resulted in the global deleveraging of risky assets and assets in emerging markets due to the perceived risk associated with these economies. This is a concern for corporate entities sourcing funding in these economies. The IMF has anticipated that capital flows to emerging markets are likely to continue to be scaled back, meaning that entities in these economies will have to become proactive in sourcing funds domestically. Lower economic activity in these countries is likely to affect the demand for Australian commodities.
8.2 Gold Industry analysis
8.2.1 Supply and demand
Gold is both a commodity and a monetary asset. All gold that has been mined continues to exist indefinitely in some form. According to precious metals research house GFMS Limited, at the end of 2007 the above ground stocks of gold were approximately 161,000 tonnes.
Demand for gold is satisfied from both mine production and the recycling of previously mined gold. Approximately two-thirds of annual demand for gold is driven by jewellery fabrication, with the remainder driven by industrial use and investment.
Demand for gold increased considerably towards the end of 2008. The increase was triggered by a fall in gold prices which coincided with escalated levels of economic and financial uncertainty. The biggest contributor to the increase in demand was identifiable investment in gold, which increased by 56% relative to prior year levels.
Demand for gold consistently exceeds supply. World gold production in 2007 was approximately 2,476 tonnes. Production for the first three quarters of 2008 was 1,791 tonnes, down 3% on the corresponding period for 2007.
8.2.2 Gold prices
As Gold is an internationally traded commodity its price fluctuates daily based on global supply and demand. The gold price at 18 May 2009 was approximately USD$930 per ounce.
The turmoil in global capital markets in the latter half of 2008 has had an influence on the price of gold. Although volatility has increased as a result of the credit crisis, gold has remained less volatile than other commodities, and has been more resilient to the decline in commodity prices. The price of gold exceeded USD$1,000 per ounce in February 2009 and has traded between USD$850 and US$950 since February.
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8.2.3 Outlook
Despite the intensification of financial market turmoil which usually boosts demand for Gold, a strengthening US dollar and increased volatility in the gold price has decreased its attractiveness as an alternative investment. Global jewellery demand has increased and is set to continue and this is expected to offset the impact of the decrease in investment demand.
Consensus forecasts from the major broking houses predict the gold price will be in the region of US$855 to US$870 for the remainder of 2009.
Because gold has vast quantities of above-ground stocks, forward prices almost invariably (but not always) rise as the maturity of the contract extends. The table below summarises the gold future prices as at 18 May 2009:
| Date | Future Gold Price ($USD/ounce) |
|---|---|
| May 2009 | 930.9 |
| June 2009 | 931.3 |
| July 2009 | 931.9 |
| August 2009 | 933.1 |
| October 2009 | 934.6 |
| December 2009 | 936.0 |
| Source: NYMEX.com |
9. VALUATION METHODOLOGIES
9.1 Methodologies Commonly Used for Valuing Assets and Businesses
9.1.1 Capitalisation of future maintainable earnings (“FME”)
This method places a value on the business by estimating the likely FME, capitalised at an appropriate rate which reflects business outlook, business risk, investor expectations, future growth prospects and other entity specific factors. This approach relies on the availability and analysis of comparable market data.
The FME approach is the most commonly applied valuation technique and is particularly applicable to profitable businesses with relatively steady growth histories and forecasts, regular capital expenditure requirements and nonfinite lives.
The FME used in the valuation can be based on net profit after tax or alternatives to this such as earnings before interest and tax (“ EBIT ”) or earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation (“ EBITDA ”). The capitalisation rate or "earnings multiple" is adjusted to reflect which base is being used for FME.
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9.1.2 Discounted future cash flows (“DCF”)
The DCF methodology is based on the generally accepted theory that the value of an asset or business depends on its future net cash flows, discounted to their present value at an appropriate discount rate (often called the weighted average cost of capital). This discount rate represents an opportunity cost of capital reflecting the expected rate of return which investors can obtain from investments having equivalent risks.
A terminal value for the asset or business is calculated at the end of the future cash flow period and this is also discounted to its present value using the appropriate discount rate.
DCF valuations are particularly applicable to businesses with limited lives, experiencing growth, that are in a start up phase, or experience irregular cash flows.
9.1.3 Net tangible asset value on a going concern basis (“NTA”)
Asset based methods estimate the market value of an entity’s securities based on the realisable value of its identifiable net assets. Asset based methods include:
-
Orderly realisation of assets method
-
Liquidation of assets method
-
Net assets on a going concern method
The orderly realisation of assets method estimates fair market value by determining the amount that would be distributed to entity holders, after payment of all liabilities including realisation costs and taxation charges that arise, assuming the entity is wound up in an orderly manner.
The liquidation method is similar to the orderly realisation of assets method except the liquidation method assumes the assets are sold in a shorter time frame. Since wind up or liquidation of the entity may not be contemplated, these methods in their strictest form may not be appropriate. The net assets on a going concern method estimates the market values of the net assets of an entity but does not take into account any realisation costs.
Net assets on a going concern basis are usually appropriate where the majority of assets consist of cash, passive investments or projects with a limited life. All assets and liabilities of the entity are valued at market value under this alternative and this combined market value forms the basis for the entity’s valuation.
Often the FME and DCF methodologies are used in valuing assets forming part of the overall Net assets on a going concern basis. This is particularly so for exploration and mining companies where investments are in finite life producing assets or prospective exploration areas.
These asset based methods ignore the possibility that the entity’s value could exceed the realisable value of its assets as they do not recognise the value of intangible assets such as management, intellectual property and goodwill. Asset based methods are appropriate when entities are not profitable, a
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significant proportion of the entity’s assets are liquid or for asset holding companies.
9.1.4 Quoted Market Price Basis
Another alternative valuation approach that can be used in conjunction with (or as a replacement for) any of the above methods is the quoted market price of listed securities. Where there is a ready market for securities such as the ASX, through which shares are traded, recent prices at which shares are bought and sold can be taken as the market value per share. Such market value includes all factors and influences that impact upon the ASX. The use of ASX pricing is more relevant where a security displays regular high volume trading, creating a “deep” market in that security.
9.2 Valuation Approach Adopted for Sub-Sahara
The value of Sub-Sahara is reflected in the value of its assets, therefore, we consider the net asset valuation methodology to be most appropriate for valuing the shares of Sub-Sahara. We have also considered the quoted market price valuation methodology as a comparison to the net asset value methodology. For the quoted market price valuation to be considered reasonable the shares of Sub-Sahara must demonstrate an adequate depth and liquidity in trading.
We do not consider the DCF and FME valuation methodologies to be appropriate for Sub-Sahara because the Company is not able to make reliable forecasts based on current projects and it does not have a history of trading profits.
9.3 Valuation Approach Adopted for Chalice after the Scheme
Following the Scheme, Sub-Sahara Shareholders will have an interest in Chalice, who will hold 100% of Sub-Sahara. Therefore, we have considered the value of Chalice and Sub-Sahara as a combined entity and have taken into account any transactions or changes in assets that will occur as a result of the Scheme and any transaction costs. We have utilised the net asset valuation methodology when considering the value of a Chalice share after the Scheme.
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10. VALUATION OF SUB SAH ARA PRIOR TO T HE SCHEME
10.1 Net Asset Value of Sub-Sahara Shares
The value of Sub-Sahara’s assets on a going concern basis is reflected in our valuation below:
| Ref | Reviewed as at 31 December 2008 $ Low valuation $ Preferred valuation $ High valuation $ |
|---|---|
| Assets Cash assets 10.1.1 Trade and other receivables Other financial assets Property, plant and equipment 10.1.2 Deferred exploration, evaluation and development costs 10.1.3 Total Assets Liabilities Trade and other payables 10.1.4 Provisions Total Liabilities Net Assets Shares on issue Value of a Sub-Sahara share |
599,246 2,049,246 2,049,246 2,049,246 640,484 640,484 640,484 640,484 57,500 57,500 57,500 57,500 564,168 507,751 564,168 564,168 8,245,582 9,600,000 12,500,000 15,000,000 |
| 10,106,980 12,854,981 15,811,398 18,311,398 587,096 1,037,096 1,037,096 1,037,096 63,580 63,580 63,580 63,580 |
|
| 650,676 1,100,676 1,100,676 1,100,676 |
|
| 9,456,304 11,754,305 14,710,722 17,210,722 |
|
| 501,159,859 501,159,859 501,159,859 0.023 0.029 0.034 |
We have been advised that except for points noted below, there has not been a material change in the net assets of Sub-Sahara since 31 December 2008. The table above indicates the net asset value of a Sub-Sahara share is between $0.023 and $0.034, with a preferred value of $0.029.
The following adjustments were made to the net assets of Sub-Sahara as at 31 December 2008 in arriving at our valuation.
10.1.1 Cash
We have increased the cash balance of Sub Sahara by $1 million as a result of the proceeds from the conclusion of the sale of its Tanzanian assets. We have also increased cash by $450,000 as a result of the proceeds from a loan received from Chalice.
10.1.2 Property, plant and equipment
We have adjusted the low value of property, plant and equipment held by SubSahara by 10% to reflect a potential lower market value when compared to book value. We have not adjusted the preferred or high values as we consider the value of property, plant and equipment to be reasonable.
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10.1.3 Deferred exploration, evaluation and development costs
We instructed Al Maynard and Associates Pty Ltd (“ AMA ”) to provide an independent specialist market valuation of the exploration assets held by SubSahara. AMA considered a number of different valuation methods when valuing the mineral assets of Sub-Sahara. The valuation methodologies selected by AMA were the empirical method and the multiple of exploration expenditure method. The empirical method involves the application of the technical expert’s knowledge of the value of similar projects in arriving at a dollar value per inferred and indicated resource. The multiple of exploration expenditure method involves applying a multiple to historic expenditure that reflects the development stage of the assets and resource quality and amount of resource defined. Given the development stage of the exploration assets held by Sub-Sahara we consider these methods to be reasonable. AMA’s valuation is attached as Appendix 2.
AMA selected a range of values of between $9.6 million and $15 million, with a preferred value of $12.5 million.
10.1.4 Trade and other payables
On 26 May 2009 Sub-Sahara entered into a loan agreement with Chalice. Under the terms of the loan, Chalice has lent Sub-Sahara $450,000. Therefore, we have increased the value of trade and other payables by the amount of this loan.
10.2 Quoted Market Prices for Sub-Sahara Shares
10.2.1 Pre announcement share price
To provide a comparison to the Net Asset Valuation of Sub-Sahara in Section 10.1, we have also assessed the market price for Sub-Sahara shares.
The following chart provides a summary of the share price movement over the period from 3 April 2008 to 2 April 2009, being the last date prior to the announcement of the Scheme.
Source: Bloomberg
The daily price of Sub-Sahara shares has ranged from a high of $0.06 on 24 April 2008 to a low of $0.01 on 24 November 2008.
There was a substantial fall in the share price in November 2008. This fall coincided with a general fall in the value of shares listed on the ASX. There were no announcements around the period of the decline but we note that Sub-Sahara’s AGM was held on 28 November 2008.
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To provide further analysis of the market prices for Sub-Sahara shares, we have also considered the weighted average market price for 10, 30, 60 and 90 day periods to 2 April 2009.
| 2 April 2009 | 10 Days | 30 Days |
60 Days |
90 Days |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Closing price | $0.014 | ||||
| Weighted Average price | $0.015 | $0.015 | $0.017 | $0.017 |
Source: Bloomberg
The above weighted average prices are prior to the date of the announcement of the Scheme to avoid the influence of any increase in price of Sub-Sahara shares that has occurred since the offer was announced.
Our assessment of the pre announcement value of a Sub-Sahara share based on the quoted market price is between $0.014 and $0.017.
In order to demonstrate the liquidity of Sub-Sahara’s shares we have analysed the volume of trading in Sub-Sahara shares for the period to 2 April 2009 as set out below:
| Cumulative | % Issued | |
|---|---|---|
| volume | capital | |
| 1 Trading Day | - | 0.00% |
| 10 Trading Days | 1,227,165 | 0.24% |
| 30 Trading Days | 2,756,665 | 0.55% |
| 60 Trading Days | 7,251,900 | 1.45% |
| 90 Trading Days | 19,633,114 | 3.92% |
| 180 Trading Days | 41,598,927 | 8.30% |
Source: Bloomberg
This table indicates that Sub-Sahara shares display a low level of liquidity, with 3.92% of the Company’s current issued capital being traded over 90 trading days.
For the QMP method to be reliable there needs to be a ‘deep’ market in a company’s shares. We do not consider that there is a deep market in Sub-Sahara’s shares. As such, we believe it is not appropriate to rely on this valuation method considering the illiquidity of the shares.
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10.2.2 Post announcement share price
On 1 May 2009 Sub-Sahara announced a revision to the resource estimate for the Zara Project. This resulted in a significant increase in Sub-Sahara’s share price. The graph below demonstrates the movement in Sub-Sahara’s share price since the announcement of the Scheme.
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Source: Bloomberg
The graph above shows that Sub-Sahara’s share price did not fluctuate greatly following the announcement of the Scheme. However, following the announcement on 1 May 2009 of the revised resource for the Zara Project, the share price increased significantly. We consider that this increase is reflective of the value of Sub-Sahara and does not include a material value of the potential for a combined Sub-Sahara and Chalice following the implementation of the Scheme. Therefore, we have considered it reasonable to consider the post announcement value of Sub-Sahara when considering the pre announcement value.
We have set out the weighted average share prices of Sub-Sahara to 11 May 2009 below:
| 11 May 2009 | 10 Days |
30 Days |
60 Days |
90 Days |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Closing price | $0.025 | ||||
| Weighted Average price | $0.022 | $0.021 | $0.020 | $0.020 |
Source: Bloomberg
The weighted average share price ranges between $0.020 and $0.022. We consider this to be a reasonable indication of the value of a Sub-Sahara share. However, we have provided a range of values that incorporates the high value of the price of a SubSahara share prior to the announcement of the Scheme. Therefore, our range is between $0.017 and $0.022, with a preferred value of $0.020.
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10.3 Conclusion of Value of Sub-Sahara Shares
In Sections 10.1 and 10.2 we have discussed the net asset value and quoted market price value of a Sub-Sahara share. These values are summarised below:
| Low value | Preferred value | High value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| per share | per share | per share | |
| $ | $ | $ | |
| Net asset value | 0.023 | 0.029 | 0.034 |
| Quoted market price value | 0.017 |
0.020 | 0.022 |
The table above indicates that the net asset value of a Sub-Sahara share is greater than the quoted market price of a Sub-Sahara share. We have selected the net asset value as our preferred valuation methodology because the accuracy of the quoted market price value requires a deep and liquid market in shares, which we do not consider applicable in the case of Sub-Sahara. Therefore, we consider the value of a Sub-Sahara share to be between $0.023 and $0.034, with a preferred value of $0.029.
11. VALUATION OF CH ALI CE AFT ER T HE SCHEME
The value of Chalice on a going concern basis after the implementation of the Scheme is reflected below. Our valuation includes the assets and liabilities of Sub-Sahara and Chalice and also includes any other transactions that will affect the assets and liabilities of Sub-Sahara and Chalice that will occur as a result of the Scheme.
| Ref | Consolidated as at 31 December 2008 $ Low valuation $ Preferred valuation $ High valuation $ |
|---|---|
| Assets Cash assets 11.1 Trade and other receivables 11.2 Other financial assets Property, plant and equipment 11.3 Deferred exploration, evaluation and development costs 11.4 Total Assets Liabilities Trade and other payables 11.5 Provisions Other Total Liabilities Net Assets Shares on issue Value of a Chalice share |
9,992,780 9,169,780 9,169,780 9,169,780 1,707,709 922,709 922,709 922,709 189,942 189,942 189,942 189,942 827,880 745,092 827,880 827,880 10,083,973 13,770,000 18,000,000 22,865,000 |
| 22,802,284 24,797,523 29,110,311 33,975,311 746,935 292,935 292,935 292,935 85,290 85,290 85,290 85,290 51,104 51,104 51,104 51,104 |
|
| 883,329 429,329 429,329 429,329 |
|
| 21,918,955 24,368,194 28,680,982 33,545,982 |
|
| 121,116,619 121,116,619 121,116,619 0.201 0.237 0.277 |
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The balance sheet above reflects the combination of Sub-Sahara and Chalice’s assets and liabilities. The consolidated balance sheet included in the first column does not reconcile to the Sub-Sahara and Chalice balance sheets included in Section 4 of Appendix 8 because subsequent event adjustments were made to the Sub-Sahara and Chalice balance sheets prior to making merger adjustments, however, we have included all adjustments in our low, preferred and high valuation columns and not in the consolidated accounts column.
Except for any changes included in the table above, we have been advised that there has not been a significant change in the net assets of either company since 31 December 2008. The table above indicates the net asset value of a Chalice share following the implementation of the Scheme is between $0.201 and $0.277, with a preferred value of $0.237.
The following adjustments were made to the net assets of the combined entity following the implementation of the Scheme based on the 31 December 2008 balance sheet.
11.1 Cash assets
We have reduced the combined entity cash balance by $0.8 million. These adjustments relate to the following:
| Description | Amount $ |
|---|---|
| Payment to YIL for additional 11% interest in the Zara Project Employee and contract termination and redundancy costs Proceeds from sale of Sub-Sahara’s Tanzanian assets Sale of Avoca Resources Limited shares Approximate expense costs of the merger Total |
(1,664,000) (235,000) 1,000,000 841,000 (765,000) |
| (823,000) |
11.2 Trade and other receivables
Trade and other receivables have been adjusted to reflect the receipt of shares and options in Avoca Resources Limited to settle the amount that was recorded as a receivable as at 31 December 2008 in the accounts of Chalice.
11.3 Property, plant and equipment
We have adjusted the low value of property, plant and equipment held by the combined entity following the implementation of the Scheme by 10% to reflect a potential lower market value when compared to book value. We have not adjusted the preferred or high values as we consider the value of property, plant and equipment to be reasonable.
11.4 Deferred exploration, evaluation and development costs
In Section 10.1.2 we discussed the adjustments made to the value of the Zara Project as a result of the independent valuation prepared by AMA. This value has been included in the combined balance sheet. However, we have increased the value of the Zara Project to the combined entity because, as part of the Scheme, Chalice will acquire the 11% interest in the Zara Project held by YIL.
In addition to the Zara Project, we have also included the market value of the exploration assets held by Chalice. We have instructed SRK Consulting (Australasia) Pty Ltd (“ SRK ”) to prepare a specialist valuation of the exploration assets held by Chalice. SRK used a number of different methodologies to value the exploration assets. These methods include the comparable market value, the geoscience ratings method and the value per square kilometre method. The comparable market value
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method involves applying the cost of earning an interest in a joint venture as the value of that interest. This is because the cost of an earn in reflects the value paid for the interest earned. The cost per kilometre method involves applying a value to the square kilometres included in a tenement. The cost is based on comparable transactions and the specialist expert’s experience with similar tenements and is similar to the empirical method discussed in Section 10.1.2. The geoscience ratings method involves estimating the value that a project is expected to generate should it achieve production. This value is then discounted based on a number of different criteria such as the likelihood of sufficient resource existing, the characteristics of the ore and the stage of development. SRK’s independent specialist valuation report is attached as Appendix 3.
We consider that the methods used by SRK to be appropriate for valuing Chalice’s exploration assets. The table below summarises the value of Chalice’s exploration assets:
| Project | Low Value $ Preferred Value $ High Value $ |
|---|---|
| Yandeearra Gnaweeda Wilga Total |
1,210,000 1,710,000 2,675,000 1,030,000 1,190,000 2,040,000 430,000 600,000 750,000 |
| 2,670,000 3,500,000 5,465,000 |
SRK has indicated a range of value for the exploration assets of Chalice of between $2.7 million and $5.5 million, with a preferred value of $3.5 million. SRK’s report is attached as Appendix 3.
The table below summarises the value of the combined entity’s exploration, evaluation and development assets:
| Project | Low Value $ Preferred Value $ High Value $ |
|---|---|
| Sub-Sahara assets (Section 10.1.2) Value of Zara Project acquired from YIL Chalice assets Total |
9,600,000 12,500,000 15,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000 2,400,000 2,670,000 3,500,000 5,465,000 |
| 13,770,000 18,000,000 22,865,000 |
The table above indicates a value of the exploration, evaluation and development assets for the combined entity following the implementation of the Scheme of between $13.8 million and $22.9 million, with a preferred value of $18.0 million.
11.5 Trade and other payables
We have adjusted trade and other payables by $454,000 which is the amount SubSahara owes to YIL for previous expenditure on the Zara Project and which was included in the accounts of Sub-Sahara. If the Scheme is implemented then this amount will be repaid to YIL.
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12. IS THE SCHEME FAIR ?
Chalice is offering one Chalice share for every 10.73 Sub-Sahara shares. Therefore, in order to assess fairness we need to compare the value of one Chalice share with the value of 10.73 Sub-Sahara shares. We have assessed the value of 10.73 Sub-Sahara shares below:
| Low $ Preferred $ High $ |
|
|---|---|
| Value of a Sub-Sahara share(section 10.3) Shares exchanged Value of Sub-Sahara shares to be exchanged |
0.023 0.029 0.034 10.73 10.73 10.73 |
| 0.247 0.311 0.365 |
The value of Sub-Sahara shares to be exchanged for each Chalice share is compared below:
| Ref | Low | Preferred | High | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| $ | $ | $ | |||
| Value of | a Chalice share | 10 | 0.201 | 0.237 | 0.277 |
| Value of | 10.73 Sub-Sahara shares | 11 | 0.247 | 0.311 | 0.365 |
The above table indicates that the value of a Chalice share is less than the value of 10.73 Sub-Sahara shares. Therefore, the Scheme is not fair.
13. OT HER CONSIDERAT IONS
13.1 Alternative Proposal
We are unaware of any alternative proposal that might offer the non-associated shareholders of Sub-Sahara a premium over the value ascribed to that resulting from the Scheme.
13.2 Implications of the Scheme not being approved
If the Scheme is not approved then it is likely that Sub-Sahara will be required to source additional funding to continue exploration and development activities. Sourcing additional funds in the current market environment is difficult. It is likely that any additional finance would be raised at a cost to Shareholders. This is because an exploration company is unlikely to obtain debt finance. Therefore, funds would need to be raised through the issue of equity. Any equity issue is likely to be at a discount to share price, will take additional time and will dilute the interests of Shareholders in SubSahara.
The loan entered into between Sub-Sahara and Chalice on 26 May 2009 provides that if the Scheme is not approved by 30 September 2009 then Sub-Sahara can be required to repay the loan amount. The loan amount is $450,000. Sub-Sahara can elect to repay the loan in cash or shares. If Sub-Sahara elects to repay the loan in shares then the shares will be issued at a price of $0.013. Based on the loan amount of $450,000 this would result in approximately 34.6 million Sub-Sahara shares being issued to Chalice.
13.3 Tax Implications
The Scheme will be considered a taxable event by the Australian Taxation Office. This means that, depending on the circumstances of individual Shareholders, a capital gain may be realised during that financial year. However, depending on the circumstances
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of Shareholders, they may be able to access rollover relief which means that they will not be subject to capital gains tax as a result of the Scheme.
In brief, rollover relief is obtained when a company acquires more than 80% of another company and all of the shareholders of the company being acquired are entitled to receive shares in the acquiring company.
Shareholders are advised to seek expert taxation advice when considering the Scheme.
14. IS THE SCHEME REAS ONABLE ?
We have considered the position of Shareholders if the Scheme is approved and have taken into account the following advantages and disadvantages in this assessment.
15. ADV ANT AGES AND DISADV ANT AGES IF THE SCHEME IS AP PROVED
We have considered the following advantages and disadvantages to the Shareholders if the Scheme is approved.
15.1 Advantages
15.1.1 Access to substantial cash reserves
Sub-Sahara has limited cash reserves. It is likely that Sub-Sahara will be required to raise additional capital if the Company is to continue exploration activities.
It is likely that Sub-Sahara would not be able to raise debt funding to assist in exploration. This means that if Sub-Sahara needed to raise capital it would be through the issue of equity. It is likely that any capital raising would be at a discount to Sub-Sahara’s share price which would dilute Shareholders interest in Sub-Sahara. Our research has found that the average capital raising for 2009 was done at a discount of approximately 14%. Any share issue at a discount to a company’s share price will dilute the interests of that company’s shareholders. We note that the high value of a Chalice share following the implementation of the Scheme is within the range of the values for a SubSahara share prior to the Scheme.
Chalice had approximately $9.4 million in cash as at 31 December 2008. This cash will be made available to develop Sub-Sahara’s Zara Gold Project.
15.1.2 Exposure to additional exploration assets
Chalice owns a number of exploration assets. If the Scheme is approved then Shareholders will be exposed to any potential gain from successful exploration results from Chalice’s assets.
Chalice’s exploration assets are in early stages of exploration and development. However, Chalice has entered into earn in agreements with other parties to explore these assets.
15.1.3 Benefits of being a larger company
Following the merger Sub-Sahara Shareholders will have an interest in a company with a higher market capitalisation and sufficient cash to develop its exploration assets. This may result in improved negotiating abilities for the
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company and could also result in increased liquidity in the merged company’s shares.
15.2 Disadvantages
15.2.1 Dilution of Shareholders
Sub-Sahara shareholders currently own 100% of the Company. If the Scheme becomes effective Sub-Sahara shareholders will hold approximately 39% of Chalice. Shareholders’ control and influence on decisions in the merged entity will diminish. The original Chalice shareholders will hold more than 50% but less than 75% of the merged entity which means they will be able to pass general resolutions but will not be able to pass special resolutions without the support of the original Sub-Sahara shareholders.
16. ADV ANT AGES AND DISADV ANT AGES IF THE SCHEME IS NOT APPROVED
We have considered the following advantages and disadvantages to Shareholders if the Scheme is not approved.
16.1 Advantages
16.1.1 Retain current interest in Sub-Sahara
If the Scheme is not approved then Shareholders will retain their current interest in Sub-Sahara. This means that Shareholders will continue to be exposed to the full returns, if any, of the Zara Project.
16.1.2 Source a better offer
Sub-Sahara may be able to source a better offer than the Scheme. This may be in the form of a higher value provided for Sub-Sahara shares. However, there is no guarantee that Sub-Sahara would be able to source a better offer and we are not aware of any current better offer.
16.2 Disadvantages
16.2.1 May not find a better offer
If the Scheme is not approved then it is possible that Sub-Sahara may not find a better offer. A worse offer may provide a lower value for Sub-Sahara’s shares or have worse advantages and disadvantages. If the directors of SubSahara can’t find an alternative offer at all, then it is possible that Sub-Sahara could be forced into administration.
We note that our assessed high value of a Chalice share following the implementation of the Scheme is within the range of the values for a SubSahara share prior to the Scheme.
16.2.2 Potential repayment of loan from Chalice
Sub-Sahara has agreed to borrow $450,000 from Chalice. This loan is to assist Sub-Sahara in advancing the Zara Project to feasibility stage. The loan is repayable if the Scheme is not completed by 30 September 2009. The loan can be repaid in cash or shares at the discretion of Sub-Sahara. The repayment of the loan could result in Sub-Sahara requiring to raise additional funds to repay the loan if it is repaid in cash or the dilution of Shareholders if it
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repaid in shares. If Sub-Sahara elected to repay the loan in shares then it would be required to issue shares at $0.013 per share. Based on the $450,000 borrowed this would result in 34.6 million shares being issued.
17. CONCLUSION
We have considered the terms of the Scheme as outlined in the body of this report and have concluded that the Scheme is in the best interest of the non-associated shareholders.
18. SOURCES OF INFORMAT ION
This report has been based on the following information:
-
Draft Scheme Document on or about the date of this report;
-
Audited financial statements of Sub-Sahara and Chalice for the years ended 30 June 2007 and 30 June 2008;
-
Reviewed financial statements of Sub-Sahara and Chalice for the six months ended 31 December 2008;
-
Merger Implementation Agreement between Sub-Sahara and Chalice;
-
Independent specialist geologist’s valuation prepared by SRK on the exploration assets held by Chalice;
-
Independent specialist geologist’s valuation prepared by AMA on the Zara Gold Project;
-
Share registry information
-
Information in the public domain; and
-
Discussions with Directors and Management of Sub-Sahara.
19. INDEPENDENCE
BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd is entitled to receive a fee of $25,000 (excluding GST and reimbursement of out of pocket expenses). Except for this fee, BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd has not received and will not receive any pecuniary or other benefit whether direct or indirect in connection with the preparation of this report.
BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd has been indemnified by Sub-Sahara in respect of any claim arising from BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd's reliance on information provided by the Sub-Sahara, including the non provision of material information, in relation to the preparation of this report.
BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd is wholly owned by BDO, a member of BDO International. Prior to accepting this engagement BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd considered its independence with respect to Sub-Sahara and Chalice and any of their respective associates with reference to ASIC Regulatory Guide 112 “Independence of Experts”. In BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd’s opinion it is independent of SubSahara and Chalice and their respective associates.
A draft of this report was provided to Sub-Sahara and its advisors for confirmation of the factual accuracy of its contents. No significant changes were made to this report as a result of this review.
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20. QUALIFICAT IONS
BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd has extensive experience in the provision of corporate finance advice, particularly in respect of takeovers, mergers and acquisitions.
BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd holds an Australian Financial Services Licence issued by the Australian Securities and Investment Commission for giving expert reports pursuant to the Listing rules of the ASX and the Corporations Act.
The persons specifically involved in preparing and reviewing this report were Sherif Andrawes, Matt Giles and Peter Gray of BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd. They have significant experience in the preparation of independent expert reports, valuations and mergers and acquisitions advice across a wide range of industries in Australia.
Sherif Andrawes is a Fellow of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England & Wales and a Member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in Australia. He has over twenty years experience working in the audit and corporate finance fields with BDO Kendalls and its predecessor firms in London and Perth. He has been responsible for around 100 public company independent expert’s reports under the Corporations Act or ASX Listing Rules. These experts’ reports cover a wide range of industries in Australia.
Matt Giles is a Fellow of the Chartered Association of Certified Accountants and an associate member of the Australian Institute of Chartered Accountants. Matt’s career spans 20 years in the Audit and Assurance and corporate finance areas.
21. DISCL AIMERS AND CONSENT S
This report has been prepared at the request of Sub-Sahara for inclusion in the Scheme Document which will be sent to all Sub-Sahara Shareholders. Sub-Sahara engaged BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd to prepare an independent expert's report to consider the merger with Chalice.
BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd hereby consents to this report accompanying the above Scheme Document. Apart from such use, neither the whole nor any part of this report, nor any reference thereto may be included in or with, or attached to any document, circular resolution, statement or letter without the prior written consent of BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd.
BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd takes no responsibility for the contents of the Scheme Document other than this report.
BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd has not independently verified the information and explanations supplied to us, nor has it conducted anything in the nature of an audit of Sub-Sahara or Chalice. However, we have no reason to believe that any of the information or explanations so supplied are false or that material information has been withheld.
With respect to taxation implications it is recommended that individual Shareholders obtain their own taxation advice, in respect of the Scheme, tailored to their own particular circumstances. Furthermore, the advice provided in this report does not constitute legal or taxation advice to the Shareholders of Sub-Sahara, or any other party.
The taxation implications addressed are based on the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997 (Cth) (as amended), the Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 (Cth) (as amended), and the established interpretations of those Acts at the date of this report.
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BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd has also considered and relied upon independent valuations for the exploration assets held by Sub-Sahara and Chalice.
The specialist valuers engaged for the valuations possess the appropriate qualifications and experience to make such assessments. The approaches adopted and assumptions made in arriving at their valuations are appropriate for this report. We have received consents from the valuers for the use of their valuation reports in the preparation of this report.
The statements and opinions included in this report are given in good faith and in the belief that they are not false, misleading or incomplete.
The terms of this engagement are such that BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd has no obligation to update this report for events occurring subsequent to the date of this report.
Yours faithfully
BDO KENDALLS CORPORATE FINANCE (WA) PTY LTD
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Sherif Andrawes Director
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Matt Giles Director
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Appendix 1 – Glossary of Terms
| Reference | Definition |
|---|---|
| The Act The Corporations Act AMA Al Maynard and Associates Pty Ltd ASIC Australian Securities and Investments Commission ASX Australian Securities Exchange BDO Kendalls BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd The Company Sub-Sahara Resources NL DCF Discounted Future Cash Flows EBIT Earnings before interest and tax EBITDA Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation FMD Future Maintainable Dividends FME Future Maintainable Earnings IMF International Monetary Fund NTA Net Tangible Assets Our Report This Independent Expert’s Report prepared by BDO Kendalls RG 111 Regulatory Guide 111 “Content of expert reports” The Scheme The proposal to merge with Chalice Section 411 Section 411 of the Corporations Act Shareholders Shareholders of Sub-Sahara not associated with the Scheme SRK SRK Consulting (Australasia) Pty Ltd Sub-Sahara Sub-Sahara Resources NL YIL Yolanda International Limited |
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Appendix 2 22 May 2009
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Appendix 2
Independent valuation of Zara Gold Project prepared by Al Maynard and Associates Pty Ltd
95
AL MAYNARD & ASSOCIATES Pty Ltd Consulting Geologists
www.geological.com.au
www.geological.com.au ABN 75 120 492 435 9/280 Hay Street, Tel: (+618) 9388 1000 Mob: 04 0304 9449 SUBIACO, WA, 6008 Fax: (+618) 9388 1768 A/h: (618) 9443 3333 Australia [email protected] Australian & International Exploration & Evaluation of Mineral Properties
INDEPENDENT VALUATION
OF THE
KOKA GOLD DEPOSIT,
ZARA GOLD PROJECT
IN
ERITREA
PREPARED FOR
BDO KENDALLS CORPORATE FINANCE (WA) PTY LTD
Authors: Brian J Varndell BSc(Spec Hons Geol), FAusIMM Allen J. Maynard BAppSc(Geol), MAIG, MAusIMM Company: Al Maynard & Associates Pty Ltd Date: 8[th] May, 2009: Revised 20[th] May, 2009
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This independent valuation has been prepared by Al Maynard & Associates (“AM&A”) at the request of Mr. Sherif Andrawes, Director, of BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd (“BDOK”) to provide an assessment of the market value of the Sub-Sahara Resources NL (“Sub-Sahara” or “SBS”) Eritrean tenement portfolio as described in Table 1.
The Koka Gold Deposit from within the Zara Project is situated in the State of Eritrea. The project is controlled by a joint venture between Sub-Sahara (69%), Dragon Mining Limited (“Dragon”) (20%) and Africa Wide Resources Limited (“AWR”) (11%).
The Koka Gold Deposit contains a high grade resource of approximately 0.94Moz grading 5.8g/tAu with no other economic minerals identified in the resource to date.
The Zara Gold project area is valued by AM&A at A$12.5 million from within a range of A$9.6 million to A$15.0 million.
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Figure 1: Koka Gold Project, Zara District, Eritrea - Location Map.
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Chalice Gold Mines Limited (“Chalice”) and Sub-Sahara propose a merger whereby Chalice is offering one of its shares for each 10.73 shares of SBS. Chalice has also entered into an agreement with AWR to acquire a company which holds its 11% interest in the Zara Gold Project, which will result in the newly merged group holding 80% of the Zara Gold Project.
Chalice will acquire the additional 11% interest in the project for $1.2 million plus a cash payment of $454,503 for reimbursement of previous expenditure.
Dragon will hold the balance of 20% and the combined group is considering the most effective method to form one united group that will further explore and evaluate the project area with the aim of elevating the resource status and conducting a bankable feasibility study on the Koka gold deposit.
There are other zones of gold anomalism within the project area that require further work to assess the mineralisation potential.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
| TABLE OFCONTENTS | ||
|---|---|---|
| 1.0 | Introduction | 101 |
| 1.1 | Scope and Limitations | 101 |
| 1.2 | Statement of Competence | 102 |
| 2.0 | Valuation of the Mineral Assets – Methods and Guides | 103 |
| 2.1 | General Valuation Methods | 103 |
| 2.2 | Discounted Cash Flow/Net Present Value | 103 |
| 2.3 | Joint Venture Terms | 104 |
| 2.4 | Similar Transactions | 104 |
| 2.5 | Multiple of Exploration Expenditure | 104 |
| 2.6 | Ratings System of Prospectivity (Kilburn) | 104 |
| 2.7 | Empirical Methods (Yardstick – Real Estate) | 105 |
| 2.8 | General Comments | 105 |
| 2.9 | Environmental implications | 105 |
| 2.10 | Native Title Claims | 105 |
| 2.11 | Commodities-Metal prices | 105 |
| 2.12 | Resource/Reserve Summary | 106 |
| 2.13 | Previous Valuations | 106 |
| 2.14 | Encumbrances/Royalty | 106 |
| 3.0 | Background Information | 106 |
| 3.1 | Introduction | 106 |
| 3.2 | Specific Valuation Methods | 106 |
| 4.0 | Koka Gold Project | 107 |
| 4.1 | Introduction | 107 |
| 4.2 | Tenure | 107 |
| 4.3 | Property Location | 109 |
| 5.0 | Accessibility, Climate, Local Resources, Infrastructure and Physiography | 109 |
| 6.0 | History | 110 |
| 6.1 | Joint Venture Agreement: Dragon – Sub-Sahara | 110 |
| 6.2 | Joint Venture Sub-Sahara – AWR | 110 |
| 7.0 | Geology | 111 |
| 7.1 | Introduction | 111 |
| 7.2 | Regional Geology | 111 |
| 7.3 | Project Area Geology | 112 |
| 7.4 | Mineralisation | 114 |
| 8.0 | Recent Work | 116 |
| 8.1 | Drilling | 116 |
| 8.2 | Sampling | 119 |
| 8.3 | Bulk Density Measurement | 119 |
| 8.4 | Resource Estimate Calculations | 119 |
| 9.0 | Resource Estimate | 120 |
| 10.0 | Valuation of the Project | 120 |
| 10.1 | Valuation Method Selection | 120 |
| 10.2 | Empirical Method | 120 |
| 10.3 | Multiple of Exploration Expenditure Method | 121 |
| 10.4 | Valuation Conclusions | 122 |
| 11.0 | References | 123 |
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List of Figures
Figure 1: Koka Gold Project, Zara District, Eritrea - Location Map. ...............................97 Figure 2: Zara Project Tenement over Geology............................................................108 Figure 3: Regional Geology Map of Eritrea...................................................................112 Figure 4: Zara Project Area Geology.............................................................................114 Figure 5: Koka Deposit Drillhole Collar Map. .................................................................117
List of Tables
Table 1: Tenement Information Summary.....................................................................109 Table 2: Summary of Drilling and Sampling Statistics...................................................116 Table 3: Significant Assay Results from Diamond Drilling............................................118 Table 4: Significant Assay Results from Diamond Drilling – Koka South. ...................118 Table 5: Resource Estimates.........................................................................................120 Table 6: Gold Resource Discounted Values..................................................................121 Table 7: Range of Values. .............................................................................................122
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The Directors 20[th] May, 2009 BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd, Level 8, 256 St Georges Terrace, Perth, WA, 6000. Attn: Sherif Andrawes.
Dear Sirs,
1.0 Introduction
This report has been prepared by AM&A at your request to provide an independent appraisal of the current market value of Sub-Sahara’s Eritrean tenement portfolio as listed in Table 1.
1.1 Scope and Limitations
This independent valuation and its accompanying geological description have been prepared at the request of Mr. Sherif Andrawes, Director of BDOK to provide the writers’ opinion of the current value of the SBS licences in Eritrea as described in this report.
This valuation has been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Valmin code (2005) as adopted by the Australian Institute of Geoscientists (‘AIG’) and the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (‘AusIMM’).
This valuation is valid as at 20[th] May, 2009 and refers to the writers’ opinion of the value of the mineral assets at this date. This valuation can be expected to change over time having regard to political, economic, market and legal factors. The valuation can also vary due to the success or otherwise of any mineral exploration that is conducted either on the properties concerned or by other explorers on prospects in the near environs. The valuation could also be affected by the consideration of other exploration data, not in the public domain, affecting the properties which have not been made available to the author.
In order to form an opinion as to the value of any property, it is necessary to make assumptions as to certain future events, which might include economic and political factors and the likely exploration success. The writer has taken all reasonable care in formulating these assumptions to ensure that they are appropriate to the case. These assumptions are based on the writer’s technical training and experience in the mining industry. The opinions expressed represent the writers’ fair professional opinion at the time of this report. These opinions are not however, forecasts as it is never possible to predict accurately the many variable factors that need to be considered in forming an opinion as to the value of any mineral property.
The valuation methodology of mineral properties is exceptionally subjective. If an economic reserve or resource is subsequently identified then this valuation will be dramatically low relative to any later valuations, or alternatively if further exploration is unsuccessful it is likely to decrease the value of the tenements.
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The valuation presented in this document is restricted to a statement of the fair value of the tenement package. The values obtained are estimates of the amount of money, or cash equivalent, which would be likely to change hands between a willing buyer and a willing seller in an arms length transaction, wherein each party had acted knowledgeably, prudently and without compulsion. This is the required basis for the estimation to be in accordance with the provisions of the Valmin Code.
There are a number of generally accepted procedures for establishing the value of mineral properties with the method employed depending upon the circumstances of the property. When relevant, AM&A uses the appropriate methods to enable a balanced analysis. Values are presented as a range and the preferred value is identified.
The readers should form their own opinion as to the reasonableness of the assumptions made and the consequent likelihood of the values being achieved. The information presented in this report is based on technical reports provided by Sub-Sahara supplemented by our own inquiries. At the request of AM&A copies of relevant technical reports and agreements were made available.
Sub-Sahara will be invoiced and expected to pay a fee for the preparation of this report. This fee comprises a normal, commercial daily rate plus expenses. Payment is not contingent on the results of this report or the success of any subsequent public fundraising. Except for these fees, neither the writer nor his family nor associates have any interest neither in the property reported upon, nor in Sub-Sahara. Sub-Sahara has confirmed in writing that all technical data known to the public domain is available to the writer.
It should be noted that in all cases, the fair valuation of the mineral properties presented is analogous with the concept of “valuation in use” commonly applied to other commercial valuations. This concept holds that the properties have a particular value only in the context of the usual business of the company as a going concern. This value will invariably be significantly higher than the disposal value, where, there is not a willing seller. Disposal values for mineral assets may be a small fraction of going concern values.
In accordance with the Valmin Code, we have prepared the “Range of Values” as shown in Table 7, section 10.4. Regarding the project, it is considered that sufficient geotechnical data has been provided from the reports covering the previous exploration of the area to enable an understanding of the geology. This, coupled with knowledge of the area provides sufficient information to form an opinion as to the current value of the mineral assets.
1.2 Statement of Competence
This report has been prepared by Brian J. Varndell BSc (Spec. Hons. Geol) FAusIMM, a geologist with over 35 years experience in the exploration and mining industry and 25 years in mineral asset valuation and Allen J. Maynard BAppSc(Geol.), MAIG, MAusIMM, a geologist with over 30 years in the industry and 25 years in mineral asset valuation.
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The writers hold the appropriate qualifications, experience and independence to qualify as an “Independent Expert” under the definitions of the Valmin Code. Consulting geologist Mr G Blackburn (OAM) has conducted numerous field trips to the site and environs.
2.0 Valuation of the Mineral Assets – Methods and Guides
Without proven ore reserves it is not possible to realistically place a singular, unique dollar value on any mining tenement. However, with due regard to the guidelines for assessment and valuation of mineral assets and mineral securities as adopted by the AusIMM Mineral Valuation Committee on 17 February 1995 – the Valmin Code (updated 1998 & 2005) – we have derived the estimates listed below using the appropriate method for the current technical value of the mineral exploration properties as described. No market premium or discount is applied.
The following ASIC publications have also been duly referred to and considered in relation to the valuation procedure: ‘Regulatory Guidelines’ 111 & 112.
The subjective nature of the valuation task is kept as objective as possible by the application of the guideline criteria of a “fair value”. This is a value that an informed, willing, but not anxious, arms length purchaser will pay for a mining (or other) property in a transaction devoid of “forced sale” circumstances.
2.1 General Valuation Methods
The Valmin Code identified various methods of valuing mineral assets, including:-
-
Discounted cash flow,
-
Capitalisation of earnings,
-
Joint Venture and farm-in terms for arms length transactions,
-
Precedents from similar asset sales/valuations,
-
Multiples of exploration expenditure,
-
Ratings systems related to perceived prospectivity,
-
Real estate value and,
-
Rule of thumb or yardstick approach.
2.2 Discounted Cash Flow/Net Present Value
This method provides an indication of the value of a property with identified reserves. It utilises an economic model based upon known resources, capital and operating costs, commodity prices and a discount for risk estimated to be inherent in the project. The discount is very subjective but it is common to use a range from 2% to 7.5% of measured resources, 1.5% to 2.5% of indicated resources and 0.5% to 1.5% of inferred gold resources.
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The percentages used will vary according to the details of any particular deposit such as grade, waste:ore ratio, metallurgical recovery and other relevant factors. Alternatively a value can be assigned on a royalty basis commensurate with the in situ contained metal value.
Net present value (“NPV”) is determined from discounted cash flow (“DCF”) analysis where reasonable mining and processing parameters can be applied to an identified ore reserve. It is a process that allows perceived capital costs, operating costs, royalties, taxes and project financing requirements to be analysed in conjunction with a discount rate to reflect the perceived technical and financial risks and the depleting value of the mineral asset over time. The NPV method relies on reasonable estimates of capital requirements, mining and processing costs.
2.3 Joint Venture Terms
The terms of a proposed joint venture agreement may be used to provide a market value based upon the amount an incoming partner is prepared to spend to earn an interest in part or all of the property. This pre-supposes some form of subjectivity on the part of the incoming party when grass roots properties are involved.
2.4 Similar Transactions
When commercial transactions concerning properties in similar circumstances have recently occurred, the market value precedent may be applied in part or in full to the property under consideration.
2.5 Multiple of Exploration Expenditure
The multiple of exploration expenditure method (“MEE”) is used whereby a subjective factor (also called the prospectivity enhancement multiplier or “PEM”) is based on previous expenditure on a tenement with or without future committed exploration expenditure and is used to establish a base value from which the effectiveness of exploration can be assessed. Where exploration has produced documented positive results a MEE multiplier can be selected that takes into account the valuer's judgment of the prospectivity of the tenement and the value of the database. MEEs can typically range between 0 to 3 and occasionally up to 5.0 applied to previous exploration expenditure to derive a dollar value.
2.6 Ratings System of Prospectivity (Kilburn)
The most readily accepted method of this type is the modified Kilburn Geological Engineering/Geoscience Method and is a rating method based on the basic acquisition cost (“BAC”) of the tenement that applies incremental, fractional or integer ratings to a BAC cost with respect to various prospectivity factors to derive a value. Under the Kilburn method the valuer is required to systematically assess four key technical factors which enhance, downgrade or have no impact on the value of the property. The factors are then applied serially to the BAC of each tenement in order to derive a value for the property. The factors used are; off-property attributes on-property attributes, anomalies and geology. A fifth factor that may be applied is the current state of the market.
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2.7 Empirical Methods (Yardstick – Real Estate)
The market value determinations may be made according to the independent expert’s knowledge of the particular property. This can include a discount applied to values arrived at by considering conceptual target models for the area. The market value may also be rated in terms of a dollar value per unit area or dollar value per unit of resource in the ground. This includes the range of values that can be estimated for an exploration property based on current market prices for equivalent properties, existing or previous joint venture and sale agreements, the geological potential of the properties, regarding possible potential resources, and the probability of present value being derived from individual recognised areas of mineralisation. This method is termed a “Yardstick” or a “Real Estate” approach. Both methods are inherently subjective according to technical considerations and the informed opinion of the valuer.
2.8 General Comments
The aims of the various methods are to provide an independent opinion of a “fair value” for the property under consideration and to provide as much detail as possible of the manner in which the value is reached. It is necessarily subjective according to the degree of risk perceived by the property valuer in addition to all other commercial considerations. Efforts to construct a transparent valuation using sophisticated financial models are still hindered by the nature of the original assumptions where a known resource exists and are not applicable to properties without an identified resource.
The values derived for this report have been concluded after taking into account:-
-
The general geological environment of the property under consideration is taken into account to determine the exploration potential;
-
Current market values for properties in similar or analogous locations;
-
Current commodity prices:
2.9 Environmental implications
Data collection for all matters required for Environmental assessment has been on going for over 18 months and final reports are being prepared by independent consultants.
2.10 Native Title Claims
There is no Native Title in Eritrea as all land is owned by the State and all land is leased from the government by tribal groups and individuals so there is no provision in the statutes for any “Native Title Claim”.
2.11 Commodities-Metal prices
Where appropriate, current metal prices used are sourced from the usual metal market publications. Current gold prices were considered during this valuation.
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2.12 Resource/Reserve Summary
JORC compliant resources have been identified. Further drilling for elevation to Measured Resource status is required.
2.13 Previous Valuations
No previous valuations have been declared within the last two years.
2.14 Encumbrances/Royalty
There is a NPI royalty of 4.0% payable to Mr. A. Perry and also a 1.0% NPI royalty to Mr. A. Woldu. State rates are apparently yet to be agreed but may be retained at 5%.
3.0 Background Information
3.1 Introduction
This valuation has been provided by way of a detailed study of information provided by SBS for the project.
The area under review comprises four granted Exploration Licences that host gold mineralisation at an advanced exploration stage.
3.2 Specific Valuation Methods
There are several methods available for the valuation of a mineral prospect ranging from the most favoured DCF analysis of identified Reserves/Resources to the more subjective rule-of-thumb assessments such as the Yardstick or Empirical methods or Comparative Value/Similar Transactions method. These methods are discussed above in Section 2.0.
For the Koka Gold Deposit, the Empirical and Multiple of Exploration Expenditure Methods are used to derive a current value range.
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4.0 Koka Gold Project
4.1 Introduction
The Koka Gold Deposit, part of the Zara Project is situated in the State of Eritrea. The project is controlled by a joint venture between Sub-Sahara (69%), Dragon (20%) and AWR (11%); both Sub-Sahara and Dragon are listed on the Australian Securities Exchange while AWR is a private company controlled by Mr H.D. Kennedy.
The Koka Gold Deposit contains a high grade resource of approximately 0.94Moz grading 5.8g/tAu with no other economic minerals identified in the resource to date. The resource is presently being worked by artisanal miners who mine near surface high grade shoots of the mineralisation.
The Joint Venture has agreed to the Government’s request to tolerate such mining on the understanding that the activity is illegal and that the JV accepts no liabilities for the actions of the artisanal miners. Furthermore, the Government has also agreed that as development proceeds they will re-locate the Artisanal miners. It is estimated that between 4-5kg of gold per month has been extracted from the deposit (<150 oz).
Eritrea has little mining history apart from some sporadic mining when it was an Italian colony (1896-1941) and a joint venture between the Japanese and the Government of Ethiopia before Eritrea became an independent state. Since independence in 1993 there has been renewed interest in the exploration potential of the country by Western, Chinese mining and other exploration companies which resulted in the discovery of world class VMS deposits such as the Bisha Au, Cu, Zn deposit by Nevsun Resources in 2000.
At the completion of the BFS, SBS will enter into negotiations with the Eritrean Government to determine the equity and participation of the Eritrean Government in the project. The Eritrean Government has the automatic right to a free carried interest of 10% in the project and can purchase an additional 30% of the project from the joint venture by agreement.
4.2 Tenure
The Zara Project is currently held in Trust for the Joint Venture by Dragon Mining (Eritrea) Ltd (“DME”).
The original prospecting license was issued by the Department of Mines at the Eritrean Ministry of Energy and Mines on the 2[nd] October 1998, and converted to 4 exploration licenses for a period of 5 years on the 20[th] October 2000 and reduced by 204km[2] to a total of 196km[2] . In November 2008, the JV reduced its holding to 147km[2] .
SBS on behalf of the JV has applied for and been granted a further 12 months extension expiring on the 25[th] May 2010. An additional 468km[2] is under application covering the northern and southern extensions.
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Figure 2: Zara Project Tenement over Geology.
Sub-Sahara currently holds 69% of the Zara Project. On application for a mining license, the Eritrean Government is entitled to a 10% free carried interest and, in addition, the Government has the right, by agreement, to purchase a further 30% equity participation interest at market value in any mining project. The previous case where this occurred involved the State paying a substantial deposit ($40M) initially and then the balance upon production.
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The details of the Exploration Licences over the Koka Gold Deposit are listed in Table 1 below.
| Project Name |
Ten ID | Area km2 |
SBS Interest |
Holder/ Applicant |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zara Gold Project |
Zara 1 | 21 | 69% | Dragon Mining (Eritrea) Ltd |
| Zara 2 | 28 | 69% | Dragon Mining (Eritrea) Ltd |
|
| Zara 3 | 49 | 69% | Dragon Mining (Eritrea) Ltd |
|
| Zara 4 | 49 | 69% | Dragon Mining (Eritrea)Ltd |
Table 1: Tenement Information Summary.
4.3 Property Location
The Zara Project is situated approximately 165km to the north west of Asmara, the capital of the State of Eritrea in the north eastern corner of the African continent. The project is located in a range of mountains running parallel to the Zara River which drains north into Sudan.
The 147km² property comprises a block consisting of four unequal but contiguous exploration licences bounded by the following external UTM coordinates 386000E/1827000N, 397000E/1827000N, 397000E/1813000N, 387000E/1813000N, 387000E/1820000N and 386000E/1820000N (Figs 1 &2).
5.0 Accessibility, Climate, Local Resources, Infrastructure and Physiography
The Zara Property is situated on the edge of the western lowlands in semi arid mountainous terrain approximately 165km north-north-west of the capital of Eritrea, Asmara. The project area varies in elevation from approximately 650m at the Zara River to over 1,700m at the summit of Debre Konate. Typically, rains fall between June to September (330-500 mm) and often cause flash floods on the numerous creeks and tributaries of the Zara River. Temperatures often exceed 40[0] C during the summer months.
Approximately 8km to the west of the Koka Gold Deposit is the town of Rikeb that accommodates a significant portion of the illegal artisanal miners working in the areas surrounding the Project and the JV allow these artisanal activities to continue on the basis that the government has agreed to assist the JV to relocate all illegal artisanal miners when their presence is dangerous or detrimental to the development of the project. Surrounding the project area are several small nomadic encampments that have been drawn to the area due to employment opportunities and the provision of potable water supplies.
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The project area has limited infrastructure with no reticulated power and limited access. The project can be accessed via two routes, the northern route which runs almost directly NNW to the Zara Property from Asmara via Keren or a longer western route. There is potential to construct an airstrip near the town of Rikeb.
6.0 History
6.1 Joint Venture Agreement: Dragon – Sub-Sahara
In February 2003, SBS entered into a Joint Venture Agreement with DME to acquire a 70% (65% of Zara) interest in the DME equity interest in the Zara Joint Venture (“JV”) detailed below:
-
Stage 1: SBS had an exclusive option period of 9 months to evaluate the Zara property during which time it had a spend US$50,000.
-
Stage 2: SBS could earn a 51% interest in DME equity portion of the JV by spending US$200,000 within a period of 18 months through to June 2005. At this time SBS would have a 39.99% interest in the Zara Property.
-
Stage 3: SBS could earn a further 19% of DME interest in the project by producing a BFS or spending US$3.3M on the property ie: DME is carried through to the completion of the BFS.
-
Therefore the total possible equity in the project which SBS could acquire through this agreement with DME is 46.66%.
As of June 2008, SBS exploration expenditure for Zara exceeds US$3.3M and SBS has acquired its 46.66% interest in the project.
6.2 Joint Venture Sub-Sahara – AWR
On the 26[th] September 2006, SBS entered into an agreement with AWR to acquire a 22.35% equity interest in the Zara property under the following conditions:
-
SBS agreed to free carry AWR’s remaining 11% interest in the Zara property through to the completion of a bankable feasibility study.
-
SBS agreed that if it failed to do this it would forfeit its rights to the 22.35% equity interest in the project and it would be returned to AWR.
-
At a decision to mine SBS would pay to AWR a sum of US$454,503
-
(AWR cost to the 30[th] January 2006).
-
SBS will join AWR into any third party finance arrangements to develop the Zara Project.
-
If AWR is required by a third party to contribute equity for the development of Zara then SBS will provide a loan to AWR to enable it to contribute its share of the required equity. The loan will be on commercial terms and payable out of 50% of AWR share of future earnings.
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If a BFS is completed on the Zara project then the final equity interests in the project will be SBS 69%, DME 20% and AWR 11%. Both AWR and DME are carried through to the completion of a BFS and AWR are effectively carried through to production since SBS is required to provide a loan to AWR to cover any equity interests in the development of the project.
If SBS does not complete a BFS on the project then the equity interest in the project for the various parties will be SBS 46.6%, DME 20% and AWR 33.4% which would be unworkable since the project is not big enough to support such an equity structure.
7.0 Geology
7.1 Introduction
Due to the amount of exploration work carried out by SBS and its predecessors, the regional and local geology of the Koka area is well understood. The Koka deposit is only part of a more extensive mineralised corridor and the exploration potential of the area is classed as significant.
7.2 Regional Geology
Eritrea is underlain by Neoproterozoic basement metamorphic rocks which are in turn overlain by Mesozoic and Quaternary sedimentary rocks. The basement Neoproterozoic rocks that are part of the Arabian-Nubian Shield, comprise at least four accretionary terrains separated by large regional shear zones. All these terrains have been sutured together and ‘welded’ to the African continent by plate tectonic processes associated with the collision of East and West Gondwana.
The configuration of the Barka, Hagar, Adobha Abiy and Nakfa terrains is illustrated in Figure 5. The western Barka terrain probably represents older continental crust onto which the other terrains have been tectonically welded.
As far as base metal and gold mineralisation potential is concerned, the most important of the terrains is the Nakfa Terrain that consists of continental-margin and juvenile, intra-oceanic and magmatic arc rocks. It contains assemblages of volcanic and sedimentary rocks formed in the ocean-floor and island arc environments in which VMS deposits typically form.
The Bisha deposit being developed by Nevsun Resources and related satellite deposits occur along the NE trending, western edge of the Nafka terrain, the Asmara VMS deposits occur along the NW trending, eastern edge of the Nakfa terrain. The Zara Property is situated astride the suture between the Adobha Abiy and the Nakfa terrains.
Beside the two known VMS camps of the western Bisha area and the eastern Asmara area there are also numerous occurrences of gold mineralisation associated with quartz veins in shear zones throughout the Nakfa Terrain. Historically these have generally proven to be small to medium scale prospects with erratically distributed, high grade, gold values. The total historical production of gold in Eritrea amounts to less than 100,000oz. The Koka Gold Deposit is a significant maiden deposit in what has been described as a new gold camp.
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----- Start of picture text -----
Adobha Abiy Terrain
Nacfa Terrain
----- End of picture text -----
Figure 3: Regional Geology Map of Eritrea.
7.3 Project Area Geology
The Zara Property is situated approximately 165km north-northwest of Asmara, the capital of Eritrea, within rocks assigned to the Nacfa and Adobha Abiy terrains and contains a number of Gold prospects, of which Koka Prospect is currently the most important. Significantly this prospect lies close to a flexure in the Elababu Shear Zone, which separates the Adobha Abiy and Nacfa terrains, where there is an abrupt change in azimuth from NE to NNE.
The eastern and central portions of the property are underlain by meta-volcanic and meta-sedimentary rocks, metamorphosed to Greenschist Facies, together with post-tectonic granitoids, assigned to the Nacfa Terrain, whereas the western portion is underlain by predominantly siliciclastic rocks, together with minor meta-chemical sedimentary rocks, basalt and syn-tectonic granitoids, assigned to the Adobha Abiy Terrain.
The Koka mineralised zone has a total strike length of more than 700m and lies adjacent the sheared and altered contact between a sequence of metasedimentary and meta-basaltic rocks in the west (footwall) and a meta-volcanic and meta-volcaniclastic sequence, intruded by granitoid bodies, to the east (hangingwall) within to the Nacfa Terrain.
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The meta-sedimentary rocks comprise tuffaceous greywackes-siltstones-shales, logged in the diamond drillholes as GWK/STS/SHL, together with minor mafic intrusive rocks that are logged as basalt (“BAS”) and occasionally dolerite (“DOL”). This sequence is isoclinally folded.
The meta-volcanic and meta-volcaniclastic sequence comprises more massive, principally intermediate and acidic, pyroclastic rocks logged as FE/TUF and intrusions of microgranite/micrographic microgranite logged as MGT (altered microgranite) and PGT (pink microgranite – unaltered) together with minor rhyolite and dacite, logged as RHY and DAC respectively.
The contact between these two major sequences is linear, sharp and subvertical to steeply, easterly dipping and orientated approximately north-south. It is strongly sheared and mylonitised (“MYL”). This contact is sub-parallel to a pervasive regional fabric developed, particularly in the finer grained rocks, that also dips steeply to the east. A shallow, southerly plunging, regional lineation is also evident.
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Figure 4: Zara Project Area Geology.
7.4 Mineralisation
Low-grade regional metamorphism in the lower Greenschist Facies is considered to have affected the volcanogenic rocks, producing foliated metamorphic assemblages dominated by mats of sericite, with micro-granular albite and quartz.
The mineralisation is developed principally within an elongate, lensoid body of microgranite intruded along the western margin of the meta-volcanic and meta-
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volcaniclastic succession. This unit has been strongly silicified and brecciated and is cut by a stockwork of quartz veins.
There is a considerable competence contrast between this unit and the metasedimentary and meta-basaltic sequence immediately to the west. This competence contrast is believed to be significant in locating both deformation and mineralisation. The meta-sedimentary rocks behave competently, whereas the meta-volcanic and meta-volcaniclastic sequence behaves incompetently, the latter resulting in brecciation and multiple phases of quartz veining.
The western contact of the microgranite is the conduit for a <20m wide zone of intense alteration, chiefly carbonation and sericitization.
Multi-element geochemical patterns indicate that this zone is enriched in Ca, Mg, K and Fe. 50-80m east of this major contact, the multi-element geochemical patterns outline a second zone of intense alteration, also enriched in Ca, Mg, K and Fe, within the microgranite, which is only 10m wide. To the east of this second zone of intense alteration the microgranite is pinkish in hue due to the appearance of K-spar and shows less evidence of alteration. It is cut by later basaltic intrusives.
The footwall contact of the microgranite, which hosts the gold mineralisation at Koka is, therefore, the contact between the meta-sedimentary rock and the microgranite. To date, no anomalous gold mineralisation has been intersected in any of the footwall rocks.
The hanging wall contact is taken as the first appearance of unaltered, pinkish, potash feldspar-bearing microgranite. The mineralisation lies within this 50-80m wide zone. It is preferentially located closer to the footwall contact and is intimately associated with a stockwork of quartz veins. In some of the wider intersections eg ZARD010, the higher grades and more contiguous mineralisation are found closer to the sharp footwall contact, whereas the hangingwall contact of the mineralisation is more diffuse.
Fracturing, veining and mineralisation particularly affected the microgranite, possibly because it behaved as a structurally competent unit which readily suffered fracturing in response to deformation. Thin brittle fractures and open fractures encouraged invasion of the rock body by abundant mineralising hydrothermal fluid composed mainly of H2O and CO2, with minor other dissolved components including S, Zn, Pb, Cu, Au and possible Sb.
Thin fracture networks were sealed by fine-grained foliated sericite ± carbonate (dolomite), and are now observed as thin pale yellowish green fracture fillings in white host rock which suffered selective pervasive replacement by the alteration assemblage albite + minor sericite + carbonate (dolomite) + opaques (pyrite ± inclusions of sphalerite, galena) + trace leucoxene (possibly rutile).
Primary quartz and zircon are invariably preserved, and primary potash-feldspar has survived in pale, pinkish-cream rocks that have suffered lower intensity of alteration. Rare small grains of native gold formed adjacent to veins.
In the open fractures, hydrothermal fluid crystallised to form massive vein assemblages of coarse grained quartz + sulphides (pyrite >> sphalerite > galena >> chalcopyrite >>tetrahedrite) ± carbonate (dolomite, calcite) ± native gold.
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The native gold formed mostly as inclusions in pyrite, but also as discrete grains in galena, in quartz and in calcite. In places, small ragged to ovoid fragments of host rock were captured in the veins, and have suffered strong replacement by albite, sericite, carbonate (dolomite), and minor pyrite.
The Koka Prospect is considered to represent a Greenschist Facies, lode-gold deposit in which most of the gold is hosted by quartz-sulphide veins, with only minor gold associated with the altered wall rocks.
8.0 Recent Work
8.1 Drilling
All drilling at Koka was supervised by SBS and carried out by a single contractor. The total number of holes drilled and metreage is summarized in Table 2 below:
| Method | Number | Average Length |
Total Metres |
|---|---|---|---|
| DDH -Koka | 122* | 96.4 | 11,763.5 |
| DDH-Konate | 5 | 146.3 | 731.7 |
| Total | 127 | 12,495.2 |
Table 2: Summary of Drilling and Sampling Statistics.
*Note: 8 of these holes (totalling 1,078m) not assayed as they were drilled for metallurgical test work.
The drill program was designed to test the mineralised zone on a 40 m x 20 m grid. The vast number of drillholes in the steeply east dipping Koka deposit were collared with an azimuth of approximately 100[0 ] (UTM). A smaller number of holes completed during the initial phase of exploration when the true dip of the deposit was unknown were collared at an azimuth of approximately 280[0] .
All drill hole collars were surveyed using a DGPS and down hole surveys have been completed on approximately 30m downhole intervals using a Reflex EZShot tool. All core was routinely orientated using the spear technique.
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Figure 5: Koka Deposit Drillhole Collar Map.
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| Hole | Depth (m) |
North (UTM) |
East (UTM) |
Azimuth (°) |
Dip (°) |
From (m) |
To (m) |
Interval (m) |
Gold (g/t) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ZARD067 | 151.45 | 1,824,392 | 390,230 | 102 | -56 | 33 | 37 | 4 | 21.37 |
| 134 | 138 | 4 | 59.89 | ||||||
| ZARD068 | 147.40 | 1,824,043 | 390,156 | 102 | -53 | 135 | 136 | 1 | 88.78 |
| ZARD069 | 160.30 | 1,824,351 | 390,225 | 102 | -53 | 148 | 159 | 11 | 172.95 |
| ZARD070 | 101.50 | 1,824,469 | 390,251 | 102 | -45 | 38 | 51 | 13 | 57.24 |
| including | 40 | 43 | 3 | 170.94 | |||||
| including | 44 | 50 | 6 | 33.30 | |||||
| ZARD071 | 140.70 | 1,824,081 | 390,166 | 102 | -52 | 130 | 134 | 4 | 41.62 |
| ZARD073 | 154.00 | 1,824,431 | 390,241 | 102 | -55 | 105 | 108 | 3 | 49.05 |
| ZARD075 | 101.10 | 1,824,147 | 390,222 | 102 | -53 | 31 | 61 | 30 | 38.01 |
| 69 | 86 | 17 | 13.79 | ||||||
| ZARD079 | 90.60 | 1,824,072 | 390,205 | 102 | -50 | 75 | 76 | 1 | 78.19 |
| ZARD081 | 96.90 | 1,824,110 | 390,217 | 102 | -50 | 37 | 47 | 10 | 76.82 |
| 65 | 69 | 4 | 28.71 | ||||||
| ZARD083 | 115.00 | 1,824,190 | 390,226 | 102 | -52 | 38 | 44 | 6 | 69.50 |
| 48 | 49 | 1 | 76.82 | ||||||
| ZARD084 | 155.25 | 1,824,160 | 390,181 | 102 | -52 | 96 | 102 | 6 | 17.46 |
| ZARD085 | 129.00 | 1,824,310 | 390,255 | 102 | -50 | 10 | 14 | 4 | 20.55 |
| ZARD088 | 105.00 | 1,824,229 | 390,240 | 102 | -50 | 52 | 58 | 6 | 89.62 |
| ZARD095 | 122.75 | 1,824,384 | 390,265 | 102 | -50 | 8.5 | 11.5 | 3 | 34.98 |
Table 3: Significant Assay Results from Diamond Drilling.
Note: The metres quoted are down-hole metres and the gold grades are uncut with up to 2m of internal dilution (<0.25g/t gold). All samples are prepared at the Africa Horn Laboratory in Asmara, Eritrea and then analysed by Genalysis Laboratories in Perth, Western Australia. All samples are diamond drill core.
Drill holes ZARD107 and ZARD110 were used to test for a possible southerly strike extension to Koka Main. The holes intersected significant gold mineralisation up to 160m south of the existing drilling and confirm the potential to significantly increase the existing resource to the south from 600m to 760m. The most significant assay results returned from the Koka South drilling are given below (Table 4):
| Hole | Depth (m) |
North (UTM) |
East (UTM) |
Azimuth (°) |
Dip (°) |
From (m) |
To (m) |
Interval (m) |
Gold (g/t) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ZARD107 | 160.00 | 1,823,878 | 390,144 | 102 | -50 | 124 | 125 | 1 | 2.22 |
| ZARD110 | 133.50 | 1,823,836 | 390,171 | 102 | -50 | 66 | 67 | 1 | 12.51 |
| 75 | 76 | 1 | 91.98 |
Table 4: Significant Assay Results from Diamond Drilling – Koka South.
Note: The metres quoted are down-hole metres and the gold grades are uncut. All samples are prepared at the Africa Horn Laboratory in Asmara, Eritrea and then analysed by Genalysis Laboratories in Perth, Western Australia. All samples are diamond drill core.
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8.2 Sampling
Sampling of the drill core was carried out on approximately 1.0m intervals under the supervision of SBS geologists. The core after being rotated away from the orientation line was cut in half with a diamond saw with half of the core retained for reference and half bagged for transportation to the sample preparation facility at Asmara prior to being shipped to internationally accredited labs for assay.
Sample recovery from the diamond drilling is reported to be good.
As part of the quality control procedures a blank sample was introduced for every 20 to 25 samples dispatched for analysis. Also certified reference samples were added at both the start and end of the sample batch to determine the accuracy of the analytical laboratory, these samples were sourced from Geostats in Perth. Other procedures implemented to check the quality of the analysis for the assay laboratories were:
-
5% of the returned coarse reject samples were submitted to an umpire laboratory as a check of relative precision.
-
5% of all returned pulps were resubmitted for assay.
-
5% of the returned pulps were wet sieved to test the consistency of the pulverization.
8.3 Bulk Density Measurement
A total of 2,310 bulk density measurements were collected from diamond drill core and vary from 2.05-4.33 t/m[3] (average 2.74). Bulk density measurements were determined on site by the water immersion method prior to submission to the laboratory for sample preparation and assay.
8.4 Resource Estimate Calculations
Coffey Mining Pty Ltd (“Coffey”) estimated the resource based on 114 diamond holes averaging 96m for a total of 10,990m drilled between August 2005 and late 2008. The resource model was derived via geological interpretation and modelling of the mineralised zone. Coffey staff did not complete a site visit to Koka and therefore relied on unpublished reports and data supplied by SBS and its consultants.
Multiple Indicated Kriging (“MIK”) estimation with direct log normal change of support to emulate mining selectivity was utilized as an appropriate estimation method based on the quantity and spacing of the available data, style of mineralisation, and interpreted geological controls.
The final “smallest mining unit” (“SMU”) model was generated from the MIK estimates to emulate assumed open pit grade control and mining selectivity and assumes a 5m E x 10m N x 5m RL SMU dimensions. A variance adjustment factor of 0.06 was applied to effect change of support.
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9.0 Resource Estimate
The Koka Gold Deposit Mineral Resource estimate is reported above a 1.2g/tAu lower cut-off and a high-grade cut of 60g/t Au has been applied to 3m downhole composites. The methodology employed MIK derived SMUs of 5x10x5m dimensions using a bulk density of 2.74t/m[3 ] to emulate assumed open pit mining selectivity.
| Category | Tonnes (Mt) |
Grade (g/t Au) |
Au Metal (koz) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Indicated | 4.55 | 5.9 | 867 |
| Inferred | 0.49 | 4.9 | 77 |
| Totals | 5.04 | 5.8 | 944 |
Table 5: Resource Estimates.
10.0 Valuation of the Project
10.1 Valuation Method Selection
To determine a fair market value several aspects need to be considered. As no JORC Reserves are available, only Inferred and Indicated Resources, the Discounted Cash Flow method is not applicable. The Kilburn method is considered to provide a range of values that is so wide that it is not realistic. Thus, the writer considers that the Empirical or Yardstick method is the most applicable with some weighting given to the MEE method.
10.2 Empirical Method
The resource mineralisation estimates have a suitable discount factor applied to them in order to derive a current cash value range. In this case a value range from A$20 to $30 per Indicated Resource ounce and $10 to $15 per Inferred Resource ounce is considered appropriate as we do not yet have any ounces in the Measured Resource category.
Further, as the percentage interest held by SBS will effectively be 69% then that fraction of the value range is applied to the initial number ranges to accurately reflect the Company’s interests.
Lastly, an additional discount factor of 20% is applied across this second range. This factor comprises the 10% attributable to the Eritrean State before mining commences plus 10% to allow for risk factors such as sovereign, geological, mining and price risks. The last four risks are allocated 2.5% each.
Future royalty payments do not affect this current valuation and cannot do so until mining actually commences. By the time mining begins then a much better understanding of all ‘Project Risks” will have been gained and may then be accounted for.
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| May 09 Data | Sub Sahara Resources NL | Sub Sahara Resources NL | Sub Sahara Resources NL | Koka Gold Project Ind/Inf $/oz Au (A$M) |
Koka Gold Project Ind/Inf $/oz Au (A$M) |
Koka Gold Project Ind/Inf $/oz Au (A$M) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zara Gold JV | Mt | **Aug/t ** | Au oz | 25/12.5 | 20/10 | 30/15 |
| Indicated | 4.55 | 5.9 | 867000 | 21.7 | 17.3 | 26.0 |
| Inferred | 0.49 | 4.9 | 77000 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 1.2 |
| TOTAL | 5.04 | 5.8 | 944000 | 22.6 | 18.1 | 27.2 |
| **SBS Share A$M ** | 15.6 | 12.5 | 18.7 | |||
| 20% discount **(10% Gov + 10% Sov Risk) ** |
12.5 | 10.0 | 15.0 | |||
| Preferred | Low | **High ** |
Table 6: Gold Resource Discounted Values.
The "Preferred" or "Most Likely" current cash value by this method is the average of the Low & High which is $12.5 million.
10.3 Multiple of Exploration Expenditure Method
Approximately A$15 million have been expended on exploration on the project area in the last three years of activity to December 2008. There were several ‘gap periods’ when moratoriums were in place due to border wars with Ethiopia. As the majority of this work (80% = $12.0M) was effective in outlining gold resources an MEE factor range from 0.8 to 1.2 is deemed appropriate to apply to this effective expenditure ($12.0M) to derive a current cash value by this method.
Thus the value range by the MEE method is $9.6M to $14.0M and the preferred value is ascribed at A$12.5M. Because of the successful outlining of gold resources at the Zara Project the most likely or preferred value is adjusted slightly upwards from the mean figure of $11.8M to $12.5M.
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10.4 Valuation Conclusions
The final valuation is derived from within the ranges provided by the two different methods as listed in Table 7 below.
| Value as at | Value as at | May 2009 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Method | Low A$M |
High A$M |
Preferred A$M |
| Discounted Indicated & Inferred Resources |
|||
| 10.0 | 15.0 | 12.5 | |
| MEE | 9.6 | 14.0 | 12.5 |
| Range | 9.6 | 15.0 | 12.5 |
Table 7: Range of Values.
Thus, it is the writers’ opinion that the current cash value of the SBS 69% share of the Koka Gold Deposit is A$12.5 million from within the ranges of $9.6 million to A$15.0 million.
Yours faithfully,
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Allen J. Maynard
BAppSc(Geol), MAIG, MAusIMM.
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11.0 References
AusIMM, (2004): "Australasian Code for Reporting of Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves (JORC Code), prepared by the Joint Ore Reserves Committee (JORC) of the AusIMM, the Australian Institute of Geoscientists (AIG) and the Minerals Council of Australia (MCA), effective December 2004.
AusIMM. (2005): "Code for the Technical Assessment and Valuation of Mineral and Petroleum Assets and Securities for Independent Expert Reports (the VALMIN Code)" 2005 Edition.
AusIMM, (1998): "Valmin 94 - Mineral Valuation Methodologies". Conference Proceedings.
Canadian Institute Of Mining, Metallurgy And Petroleum, (2000): "ClM Standards on Mineral Resources and Reserves-Definitions and Guidelines". Prepared by the CIM Standing Committee On Reserve Definitions. Adopted by CIM Council August 20, 2000.
CIM, (April 2001): "CIM Special Committee on Valuation of Mineral Properties (CIMVAL)" Discussion paper.
ClM, (2003): "Standards and Guidelines for Valuation of Mineral Properties. Final Version, February 2003". Special Committee of the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum on Valuation of Mineral Properties (CIMV AL).
Coffey Mining Pty Ltd 2009: Database Review, Geological Modelling and Grade Estimation Study for Sub-Sahara Resources NL; Koka Gold Deposit, Eritrea. Jan 2008 and Update May 2009.
Kilburn, LC, 1990: "Valuation of Mineral Properties which do not contain Exploitable Reserves" CIM Bulletin, August 1990.
Hamer R.D 2008: Status Report – May 2008 Zara Property, Northern Eritrea.
Sub-Sahara Resources NL: Various Annual Reports, Quarterly Reports and ASX Releases.
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The Directors Sub-Sahara Resources NL
Appendix 3 22 May 2009
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Appendix 3
Independent valuation of Chalice Gold Mines Limited’s exploration assets prepared by SRK Consulting (Australasia) Pty Ltd
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Valuation of the Yandeearra, Gnaweeda and Wilga Exploration Assets of Chalice Gold Mines Ltd
Report Prepared for
BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd
Prepared by
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BDO001 May 2009
SRK Consulting (Australasia) Pty Ltd Reg’d No ABN 56 074 271 720 Trading as SRK Consulting
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SRK Consulting BDO001_Valuation of Exploration Assets
May 2009
Valuation of the Yandeearra, Gnaweeda, and Wilga Exploration Assets of Chalice Gold Mines Ltd
BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd
Level 8, 256 St Georges Terrace PERTH WA 6000 PO Box 7426 Cloisters Square Perth WA 6850
SRK Consulting (Australasia) Pty Ltd Level 8, 20 Queen Street MELBOURNE VIC 3000
Dr Louis Bucci, [email protected]
BDO001 May 2009
Compiled by: Peer Reviewed by: Dr Louis Bucci Dr Peter Williams & Deborah Lord Principal Consultant Principal Consultants Authors: Deborah Lord, Dr Kate Bassano
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Executive Summar y
BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd (BDO) contacted SRK Consulting (Australasia) Pty Ltd (SRK) to review SRK’s previous valuation report for Chalice Gold Mines Limited (Chalice) completed in October 2008. This reviewed report is intended to form part of an Independent Expert’s Report being compiled by BDO in relation to the proposed merger of Sub Sahara Resources NL (Sub Sahara) and Chalice.
SRK has considered a large exploration package incorporating tenements in the Pilbara Craton, Murchison Province and Laverton District, all in Western Australia, for this valuation, across projects deemed prospective for Au, Fe-ore, Cu, U and Ta.
The valuation is dated at 8 May 2009.
The main value of this project was contributed by Chalice’s Au exploration assets at Yandeearra and Gnaweeda.
Three different methods were utilised to determine an appropriate value for the Chalice assets, namely an analysis of joint venture (JV) conditions as applied to specific minerals for particular projects, Comparable Transactions valuation method, and a Geological Risk valuation method. The results of the valuation as based on these analyses are presented below.
| Area | Unit | Low (A$) |
Preferred (A$) |
High (A$) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yandeearra | Au | 980,000 | 1,000,000 | 1,300,000 |
| Fe (BIF OR CID) |
115,000 | 420,000 | 725,000 | |
| Cu | 115,000 | 290,000 | 650,000 | |
| U | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Ta | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Sub-total | 1,210,000 | 1,710,000 | 2,675,000 | |
| Gnaweeda | Au | 860,000 | 1,000,000 | 1,800,000 |
| Cu | 170,000 | 190,000 | 240,000 | |
| Sub-total | 1,030,000 | 1,190,000 | 2,040,000 | |
| Wilga | Au | 430,000 | 600,000 | 750,000 |
| Total | 2,670,000 | 3,500,000 | 5,465,000 |
It is SRK’s opinion that the exploration assets, which are the subject of this review, should be valued between A$2.7M and A$5.5M, with an SRK preferred value of A$3.5M.
This estimation must be considered in the context of the caveats discussed in the Report.
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Table of Contents
| Executive Summary .............................................................................................. 127 | Executive Summary .............................................................................................. 127 | |
|---|---|---|
| Disclaimer ............................................................................................................. 131 | ||
| List of Abbreviations ............................................................................................. 132 | ||
| 1 | Introduction and Scope of Report ............................................................... 133 | |
| 1.1 | Programme Objectives .............................................................................. 133 | |
| 1.2 | Purpose of the Report ................................................................................ 134 | |
| 1.3 | Reporting Standard .................................................................................... 135 | |
| 1.4 | Statement of SRK Independence and Consents ........................................ 135 | |
| 2 | Background and Brief ................................................................................. 136 | |
| 2.1 | Background of the Project .......................................................................... 136 | |
| 2.2 | Nature of the Brief ...................................................................................... 136 | |
| 3 | Summary of Exploration Assets .................................................................. 137 | |
| 3.1 | Yandeearra Project .................................................................................... 137 | |
| 3.1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................137 |
||
| 3.1.2 Ownership .................................................................................................138 |
||
| 3.1.3 Geological Setting of the Yandeearra Project Area ..................................142 |
||
| 3.1.4 Exploration History ....................................................................................143 |
||
| 3.2 | Gnaweeda Project ..................................................................................... 152 | |
| 3.2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................152 |
||
| 3.2.2 Ownership .................................................................................................153 |
||
| 3.2.3 Geological Setting of the Gnaweeda Project ............................................153 |
||
| 3.2.4 Exploration History ....................................................................................155 |
||
| 3.3 | Wilga Project ............................................................................................. 158 | |
| 3.3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................158 |
||
| 3.3.2 Ownership .................................................................................................159 |
||
| 3.3.3 Geological Setting of the Wilga Project .....................................................159 |
||
| 3.3.4 Exploration History ....................................................................................160 |
||
| 4 | Valuation ..................................................................................................... 164 | |
| 4.1 | Valuation of Exploration Properties ............................................................ 164 | |
| 4.2 | Comparable Transaction Valuations .......................................................... 167 | |
| 4.2.1 Joint Venture Terms ..................................................................................167 |
||
| 4.2.2 Value per Square Kilometre ......................................................................167 |
||
| 4.3 | Geological Risk Valuation .......................................................................... 174 | |
| 4.3.1 Overview of the Geological Risk Method ..................................................174 |
||
| 5 | Summary and Conclusions ......................................................................... 187 | |
| 5.1 | Yandeearra ................................................................................................ 187 | |
| 5.1.1 Gold ...........................................................................................................187 |
||
| 5.1.2 Fe Ore .......................................................................................................187 |
||
| 5.1.3 Copper .......................................................................................................187 |
||
| 5.1.4 Uranium .....................................................................................................187 |
||
| 5.1.5 Tantalum ....................................................................................................187 |
||
| 5.2 | Gnaweeda ................................................................................................. 188 | |
| 5.2.1 Gold ...........................................................................................................188 |
||
| 5.2.2 Copper .......................................................................................................188 |
||
| 5.3 | Wilga ......................................................................................................... 188 | |
| 5.3.1 Gold ...........................................................................................................188 |
||
| 6 | References.................................................................................................. 190 |
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List of Tables
Table 1-1: Commodities/Mineral Systems considered by Chalice as prospective in their project areas ...................................................................................... 134 Table 3-1: Chalice gold mines granted tenement schedule for the Yandeearra project as at 31 March 2009 ....................................................................... 138 Table 3-2: Chalice Gold Mines application tenement schedule for the Yandeearra project as at 31 March 2009 ....................................................................... 139 Table 3-3: Tenements included in the Chalice – Atlas Iron JV ...................................... 141 Table 3-4: Best Results of Chalice’s Aircore 2006 programme at Yandeearra .............. 144 Table 3-5: Significant Rock Chip Sampling Results from Yandeearra ........................... 145 Table 3-6: Rock chip sampling results from John Bull and Pilbara Well areas............... 148 Table 3-7: Reconnaissance rock sampling results >1.00g/t gold, 20g/t Au or 1% lead obtained by De Grey (Chalice, 2009). ........................................................ 148 Table 3-8: Chalice gold mines tenement schedule for the Gnaweeda project as at April 2009. ................................................................................................. 153 Table 3-9: Significant Drilling Results from Teck Drilling ............................................... 156 Table 3-10: Chalice Gold Mines Tenement Schedule for the Wilga Project as at April 2009 .................................................................................................. 159 Table 3-11: Summary of Exploration Results at Wilga .................................................. 161 Table 4-1: Points for Consideration in Estimating Current Values of Exploration Projects...................................................................................................... 166 Table 4-2: Implied Value of the Chalice Projects for Specific Minerals as a Function of the JV Agreements ................................................................................ 167 Table 4-3: Summary of Comparable Transactions involving Gold Exploration Projects in Western Australia ..................................................................... 168 Table 4-4: Range of Values for Chalice’s Gold Exploration Assets on a Value per Square Kilometre Basis ............................................................................. 170 Table 4-5: Summary of Comparable Transactions involving Copper Exploration Projects in Western Australia ..................................................................... 171 Table 4-6: Range of Values for Chalice’s Copper Exploration Assets on a Value Per Square Kilometre Basis ............................................................................. 171 Table 4-7: Summary of Comparable Transactions involving Uranium Exploration Projects in Western Australia ..................................................................... 173 Table 4-8: Range of Values for Chalice’s Uranium Exploration Assets on a Value per Square Kilometre Basis ....................................................................... 174 Table 4-9: Target Sizes used for Chalice’s Gold Exploration Assets ............................. 176 Table 4-10: Summary of Transactions involving Gold Resource Projects in Western Australia..................................................................................................... 176 Table 4-11: Summary of Transactions Involving Copper Resource Projects in Australia..................................................................................................... 177 Table 4-12: Allocation of Exploration Stage for Chalice Projects ................................... 180 Table 4-13: Risk Probability for Archean Lode Gold Mineralisation ............................... 181 Table 4-14: Risk Probability table for BIF Fe .................................................................. 182 Table 4-15: CID Fe ore Probability table ........................................................................ 182 Table 4-16: VHMS Risk Probability Table ..................................................................... 183 Table 4-17: Risk Probability Table for Chalice’s Au Projects ......................................... 183 Table 4-18: Risk probability table for Chalice’s Fe ore Projects ...................................... 184 Table 4-19: Risk Probability Table for Chalice’s Base Metals (Cu) Projects .................. 184 Table 4-20: Results of SRK Geological Risk Valuation of the Chalice’s Au Projects ..... 185 Table 4-21: Results of SRK Geological Risk valuation of Chalice’s Fe ore Project ......... 185 Table 4-22: Results of SRK Geological Risk Valuation of Chalice’s Base Metals (Cu) Projects .............................................................................................. 185 Table 4-23: Comparison between Valuation Methods for Chalice Projects ................... 186
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Table 5-1: SRK’s Estimate of the Value Range for the Yandeearra, Gnaweeda and
Wilga Projects ............................................................................................ 189
List of Figures
| List | of Figures |
|---|---|
| Figure | 1-1: Location of the exploration assets valued in this report ............................... 133 |
| Figure | 3-1: Location of the Yandeearra project ............................................................. 137 |
| Figure | 3-2: Location of the John Bull and Pilbara Well shear zones at Yandeearra ...... 146 |
| Figure | 3-3: Results from the John Bull shear zone ........................................................ 147 |
| Figure | 3-4: Results from the Pilbara Well shear zone rock chip sampling ..................... 147 |
| Figure | 3-5: Recent surface sampling results from Yandeearra (Chalice, 2009). ............ 149 |
| Figure | 3-6: Prospects within the Yandeearra Project tenements identified by |
| Chalice and previous workers .................................................................... 150 | |
| Figure | 3-7: Definition of area division for the purpose of Geological Risk valuation ....... 151 |
| Figure | 3-8: Location of the Gnaweeda project............................................................... 152 |
| Figure | 3-9: Distribution of the geological domains at Gnaweeda ................................... 154 |
| Figure | 3-10: Map showing exploration results at Gnaweeda ......................................... 157 |
| Figure | 3-11: Location of the Wilga Project .................................................................... 158 |
| Figure | 3-12: Local geology of the Wilga Project ............................................................ 160 |
| Figure | 3-13: Wilga Project schematic geological map showing major units and |
| structures interpreted from aeromagnetic survey and higher grade gold | |
| values in rock chip samples (Chalice, 2009) .............................................. 162 | |
| Figure | 3-14: Total Magnetic Intensity image at Wilga .................................................... 163 |
| Figure | 4-1: Area used for value per km2valuation for Au at Yandeearra ....................... 169 |
| Figure | 4-2: Location of U samples collected at Yandeearra to date .............................. 172 |
| Figure | 4-3: Schematic diagram of the Geological Risk Method (after Lord et al., |
| 2001). ........................................................................................................ 175 | |
| Figure | 4-4: LME chart of copper prices January 2003 - present in US Dollars |
| (http://www.lme.co.uk/copper_graphs.asp ). ............................................... 178 |
List of Appendices
Appendix 1: BDO Kendalls’ Instruction Letter to SRK
Appendix 2: Costs and Default Probabilities Utilised in Geological Risk Method Calculations
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Disclaimer
The opinions expressed in this Report have been based on the information supplied to SRK Consulting (Australasia) Pty Ltd (SRK) by Chalice Gold Mines Ltd (Chalice) and Sub Sahara Resources NL (Sub Sahara). The opinions in this Report are provided in response to a specific request from BDO Kendalls (BDO) to do so. SRK has exercised all due care in reviewing the supplied information. Whilst SRK has compared key supplied data with expected values, the accuracy of the results and conclusions from the review are entirely reliant on the accuracy and completeness of the supplied data. SRK does not accept responsibility for any errors or omissions in the supplied information and does not accept any consequent liability arising from commercial decisions or actions resulting from them.
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List of Abbreviations
| Abbreviation | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Au | Chemical symbol forgold |
| BIF | Banded Iron Formation |
| BFS | Bankable Feasibility Study |
| DFS | Definitive FeasibilityStudy |
| Cu | Chemical symbol for copper |
| E | east |
| EW | east-west |
| Fe | Chemical symbol for Iron |
| ha | hectare |
| JORC Code | Australia Code for Reporting of Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves, prepared by the Joint Ore Reserves Committee of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Australian Institute of Geoscientists and Minerals Council of Australia (JORC), September 1999. Internationally accepted. |
| k | thousand |
| kg | kilogram |
| km | kilometre |
| km2 | square kilometre |
| m | metre |
| M | million |
| m RL | metres reduced level |
| mE | metre east |
| mN | metres north |
| Mt | million tonnes |
| NE | north-east |
| NPV | netpresent value |
| NW | north-west |
| OPEX | operating expenditure |
| oz | Ounce |
| pa | per annum |
| PGE | Platinum GroupElements |
| PFS | Pre-Feasibility Study |
| REE | Rare Earth Elements |
| SE | south-east |
| SRK | SRK Consulting |
| t | tonnes |
| Ta | Chemical symbol for tantalum |
| tpa | tonnesper annum |
| U | Chemical symbol for uranium |
| VHMS | Volcanic Hosted Massive Sulphide |
| W | west |
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1 Introduction and Scope of Report
1.1 Programme Objectives
BDO Kendalls Corporate Finance (WA) Pty Ltd (BDO) contacted SRK Consulting (Australasia) Pty Ltd (SRK) to review SRK’s previous valuation report for Chalice Gold Mines Limited (Chalice, ASX: CHN) completed in October 2008 (SRK, 2008). This reviewed report is intended to form part of an Independent Expert’s Report being compiled by BDO in relation to the proposed merger of Sub Sahara Resources NL (Sub Sahara, ASX: SBS, Frankfurt, Stuttgart Munich & Berlin Exchange Code: 895112) and Chalice.
SRK has undertaken a valuation of the following exploration assets:
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-
Yandeearra Project
-
Gnaweeda Project
-
Wilga Project
The assets are located in Western Australia, within the West Pilbara (Yandeearra), Murchison (Gnaweeda), and Laverton (Wilga) Districts (Figure 1-1).
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Figure 1-1: Location of the exploration assets valued in this report
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SRK understands that no resources, as defined under the Joint Ore Reserves Committee (JORC) Code of The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Australian Institute of Geoscientists and Minerals Council of Australia, are defined on any of the exploration assets reviewed herein.
SRK will provide an opinion as to the value of the exploration potential of the tenements, based on the technical information provided by Chalice and Sub Sahara. Review of the provided data indicates that Chalice and their joint venture (JV) partners consider the projects prospective for the commodities/mineralisation style as presented in Table 1-1. This will be considered in the Geological Risk Method valuation (see Section 4.3).
Table 1-1: Commodities/Mineral Systems considered by Chalice as prospective in their project areas
| their project areas | ||
|---|---|---|
| Project | Mineralisation style | Commodity(ies) |
| Yandeearra | Orogenic Lode Gold | Au |
| Intrusion-related | Ta, U | |
| Volcanic Hosted Massive Sulphide | Base metals | |
| BIF hosted or Channel Iron Deposit (CID) | Fe | |
| Gnaweeda | Orogenic Lode Gold | Au |
| Volcanic Hosted Massive Sulphide | Base metals | |
| Wilga | Orogenic Lode Gold | Au |
| Volcanic Hosted Massive Sulphide | Cu |
No statement will be made by SRK on the effect of development capital expenses, tax or other statutory costs that may affect the project(s) value.
This valuation is dated at 8 May 2009.
1.2 Purpose of the Report
BDO contacted SRK to review SRK’s previous valuation report for Chalice completed in October 2008 (SRK, 2008). This reviewed report is intended to form part of an Independent Expert’s Report being compiled by BDO in relation to the proposed merger of Sub Sahara and Chalice. The Independent Expert’s Report will be a public document, and as such, this reviewed valuation report has been prepared in accordance with the VALMIN Code (2005).
A decision was made to not conduct a site visit to the Chalice tenements, as it was considered that the projects are at such an early stage of development that nothing of material geological interest could be identified on site.
The purpose of the Report is to provide BDO with an opinion on the value of the Yandeearra, Gnaweeda and Wilga Project assets as further described in the body of this Report. This valuation includes an outline of the approach adopted by SRK, including any assumptions involved in determining the value.
A summary of similar market transactions will be incorporated to ‘benchmark’ SRK’s methodology. SRK concentrated on the valuation aspects and has relied on project information and exploration data provided by Chalice on the tenements to support SRK’s valuation. The majority of this information was publically available on Chalice’s and their JV partners’ websites at the date of the valuation.
BDO’s Instruction Letter to SRK to undertake the Valuation update is presented as Appendix 1.
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1.3 Reporting Standard
This Report is considered by SRK to be a Valuation Report under the guidelines of the VALMIN Code. The VALMIN Code is the code adopted by the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy and the standard is binding upon all AusIMM members. The VALMIN code incorporates the JORC Code for the reporting of Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves.
This Report is a Valuation Report and expresses an opinion as to the value of mineral assets, based on the technical aspects of the Projects. Aspects reviewed in this Report relate to the prospectivity of the areas under review for commodities related to the mineralisation styles as presented in Table 1-1, provided to SRK by Chalice as listed in the References section of this Report.
Note on Tenement Status and Material Contracts
Aspects of land tenure, environment, native title, sovereign risk and other socio-political issues have not been reviewed. SRK has not independently verified ownership and the current standing of the tenements and is not qualified to make legal representations in this regard. Instead, SRK has relied on information provided by Chalice. SRK has prepared this Report on the understanding that all Chalice tenements are currently in good standing and that there is no cause to doubt the eventual granting of any tenement applications. SRK has not attempted to establish the legal status of tenements with respect to Native Title or potential environmental and access restrictions.
Chalice also has a number of JV agreements with third parties on several of their project areas. SRK has not independently verified the terms of these agreements and is not qualified to make legal representations in this regard. SRK has however considered the conditions of the JV agreements in the valuation. Legal due diligence should be conducted by BDO on any material contracts in relation to these agreements.
1.4 Statement of SRK Independence and Consents
Neither SRK nor any of the authors of this Report have any material present or contingent interest in the outcome of this Report, nor do they have any pecuniary or other interest that could be reasonably regarded as being capable of affecting their independence or that of SRK. SRK has no beneficial interest in the outcome of the technical assessment and valuation being capable of affecting its independence.
SRK’s fee for completing this Report is based on its normal professional daily rates plus reimbursement of incidental expenses. The payment of that professional fee is not contingent upon the outcome of the Report.
SRK has been informed that Sub Sahara has been given access to SRK’s original report (SRK, 2008) and that Chalice has provided permission for this to be utilised by SRK for the purposes of this update.
SRK consents to this report being included in material supplied to Sub Sahara shareholders, within the context that it has been prepared.
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2 Background and Brief
2.1 Background of the Project
The request to undertake the valuation was made to SRK by BDO, in response to Sub Sahara’s request of BDO to supply them with an Independent Experts Report. BDO’s Instruction Letter to SRK is presented as Appendix 1.
2.2 Nature of the Brief
This Report summarises Chalice’s exploration assets and their exploration history as a basis for our valuation as outlined below, rather than providing a detailed review. As such, it should be considered in conjunction with the technical reports reviewed to compile this Report, for a more thorough understanding.
The original report (SRK, 2008) was compiled over a limited number of days in September and October 2008. Exploration valuation work was undertaken by Dr Louis Bucci, Dr Kate Bassano and Ms Deborah Lord, with input by Dr Peter Williams all of SRK. Peer review was completed by Dr Peter Williams and Ms Deborah Lord. The report update was completed in late April / early May 2009 by the same SRK personnel.
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3 Summary of Exploration Assets
3.1 Yandeearra Project
3.1.1 Introduction
The Yandeearra Project comprises 1,941 km[2] of tenements, located approximately 100 km south southwest of Port Hedland, Western Australia (Figure 3-1). This includes mining applications over granted tenements, and as such, there is approximately 1,400 km[2] of actual ground coverage. The project is largely within the Yandeearra Aboriginal Reserve, where a previous moratorium on exploration and mining has resulted in the area being under-exploration, with virtually no modern day exploration until Chalice’s acquisition of tenements in the area.
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Figure 3-1: Location of the Yandeearra project
Note: The exact overall tenement outline for the Yandeearra project as presented in this figure, has changed since production of this figure in the independent geological report provided in the Chalice prospectus (Cary, 2006). Refer to Table 3-2 and Figure 3-6 for the current tenement schedule.
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3.1.2 Ownership
The Yandeearra Project comprises forty five (45) tenements, of which fourteen are granted tenements (Table 3-1), and thirty one (31) are applications (Table 3-2). Chalice currently has a joint venture with Atlas Iron at its Yandeearra Project.
Table 3-1: Chalice gold mines granted tenement schedule for the Yandeearra project as at 31 March 2009
| Manager | Holder | ID No. | Area | Unit | Grant Date |
Expiry Date |
Rent Date |
Rent |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CGM | CGM | E47/0590 | 28 | SB | 30-Jul-99 | 29-Jul-08 | 29-Jul-09 | A$12,745.04 |
| CGM | CGM | E47/0591 | 45 | SB | 30-Jul-99 | 29-Jul-08 | 29-Jul-09 | A$20,483.10 |
| CGM | CGM | E47/0755 | 7 | SB | 30-Jul-99 | 29-Jul-09 | A$3,186.26 | |
| CGM | CGM | E47/1041 | 12 | SB | 12-Jul-06 | 11-Jul-11 | 11-Jul-09 | A$2,125.50 |
| CGM | CGM | E47/1161 | 4 | SB | 16-Apr-03 | 15-Apr-10 | 15-Apr-10 | A$961.40 |
| CGM | CGM | E47/1162 | 8 | SB | 14-Mar-03 | 13-Mar-10 | 13-Mar-10 | A$3,641.44 |
| CGM | CGM | E47/1163 | 35 | SB | 23-Jan-06 | 22-Jan-11 | 22-Jan-11 | A$6,198.50 |
| CGM | CGM | E47/1164 | 39 | SB | 14-Mar-03 | 13-Mar-10 | 13-Mar-10 | A$17,752.02 |
| CGM | CGM | E47/1165 | 46 | SB | 14-Mar-03 | 13-Mar-10 | 13-Mar-10 | A$20,938.28 |
| CGM | CGM | E47/1166 | 63 | SB | 14-Mar-03 | 13-Mar-10 | 13-Mar-10 | A$28,676.34 |
| FMCM | CGM | M47/0561 | 502 | HA | 05-Jul-06 | 04-Jul-27 | 04-Jul-09 | A$7,509.92 |
| CGM | CGM | P47/1245 | 64 | HA | 27-Jan-06 | 26-Jan-10 | 26-Jan-10 | A$140.80 |
| CGM | CGM | P47/1298 | 150 | HA | 23-Aug-07 | 22-Aug-11 | 22-Aug-09 | A$330.00 |
| CGM | CGM | P47/1299 | 125 | HA | 23-Aug-07 | 22-Aug-11 | 22-Aug-09 | A$ 275.00 |
CGM = Chalice Gold Mines Ltd; FMCM = Farno McMahan
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Table 3-2: Chalice Gold Mines application tenement schedule for the Yandeearra
project as at 31 March 2009
| Manager | Holder | ID No. | Area | Unit | Rent |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHGM | UREL | E47/1207 | 35 | SB | $3,984.75 |
| CHGM | CHGM | E47/1748 | 70 | SB | $7,969.50 |
| CHGM | CHGM | E47/1749 | 7 | SB | $796.95 |
| FMCM | CHGM | M47/0560 | 676 | HA | $10,112.96 |
| CHGM | CHGM | M47/0783 | 958 | HA | $14,331.68 |
| CHGM | CHGM | M47/0784 | 319 | HA | $4,772.24 |
| CHGM | CHGM | M47/0785 | 958 | HA | $14,331.68 |
| CHGM | CHGM | M47/0994 | 640 | HA | $9,574.40 |
| CHGM | CHGM | M47/0995 | 825 | HA | $12,342.00 |
| CHGM | CHGM | M47/0996 | 777 | HA | $11,623.92 |
| CHGM | CHGM | M47/0997 | 957 | HA | $14,316.72 |
| CHGM | CHGM | M47/0998 | 960 | HA | $14,361.60 |
| CHGM | CHGM | M47/0999 | 901 | HA | $13,478.96 |
| CHGM | CHGM | M47/1000 | 978 | HA | $14,630.88 |
| CHGM | CHGM | M47/1001 | 969 | HA | $14,496.24 |
| CHGM | CHGM | M47/1002 | 991 | HA | $14,825.36 |
| CHGM | CHGM | M47/1003 | 984 | HA | $14,720.64 |
| CHGM | CHGM | M47/1004 | 999 | HA | $14,945.04 |
| CHGM | CHGM | M47/1005 | 959 | HA | $14,346.64 |
| CHGM | CHGM | M47/1114 | 959 | HA | $14,346.64 |
| CHGM | CHGM | M47/1115 | 991 | HA | $14,825.36 |
| CHGM | CHGM | M47/1116 | 991 | HA | $14,825.36 |
| CHGM | CHGM | M47/1117 | 959 | HA | $14,346.64 |
| CHGM | CHGM | M47/1118 | 991 | HA | $14,825.36 |
| CHGM | CHGM | M47/1119 | 991 | HA | $14,825.36 |
| CHGM | CHGM | M47/1120 | 998 | HA | $14,930.08 |
| CHGM | CHGM | M47/1121 | 959 | HA | $14,346.64 |
| CHGM | CHGM | M47/1122 | 985 | HA | $14,735.60 |
| CHGM | CHGM | M47/1123 | 982 | HA | $14,690.72 |
| CHGM | CHGM | M47/1124 | 959 | HA | $14,346.64 |
| CHGM | CHGM | M47/1125 | 1000 | HA | $14,960.00 |
| CGM = Chalice Gold Mines Ltd; FMCM = Farno McMahan, | UREL = Uranium Equities Ltd |
Atlas Iron Ore Limited (Atlas) entered an option agreement with Chalice in November 2007 relating to the iron ore rights over certain leases at Yandeearra (Table 3-3). The terms of the agreement included Atlas Iron making an initial payment of $250,000 in cash or Atlas Iron shares to Chalice within 60 days of signing a formal agreement between parties. Thereafter Atlas Iron is required to:
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Make a further payment of $1,000,000 in cash or Atlas Iron shares upon exercising its option to purchase the iron ore rights, which will occur no later than 12 months after the date of the formal agreement.
-
Atlas is also required to spend $200,000 on exploration for iron ore on this project within the option period.
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Chalice retain a one-off right to claw-back a 30% interest on definition of an iron ore resource exceeding 5 million tonnes at a cost of four times total exploration expenditure or in the absence of this claw-back, will retain a 2% Gross Sales Royalty.
As the Atlas Iron JV agreement has yet to pass the first earn in / option period, Chalice effectively retains 100% ownership at this time. It will be on this basis that the valuation of the Yandeearra Project will be estimated.
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Table 3-3: Tenements included in the Chalice – Atlas Iron JV
| Manager | Holder | ID No. | Area | Unit | Rent (A$) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CGM | CGM | E47/0590 | 28 | SB | 12,745.04 |
| CGM | CGM | E47/0591 | 45 | SB | 20,483.10 |
| CGM | CGM | E47/0755 | 7 | SB | 3,186.26 |
| CGM | CGM | E47/1041 | 12 | SB | 1,366.20 |
| CGM | CGM | E47/1161 | 7 | SB | 1,682.45 |
| CGM | CGM | E47/1162 | 25 | SB | 6,008.75 |
| CGM | CGM | E47/1163 | 70 | SB | 12,397.00 |
| CGM | CGM | E47/1164 | 70 | SB | 16,824.50 |
| CGM | CGM | E47/1165 | 70 | SB | 16,824.50 |
| CGM | CGM | E47/1166 | 70 | SB | 16,824.50 |
| CGM | UREL | E47/1207 | 35 | SB | 3,984.75 |
| CGM | UREL | E47/1318 | 1 | SB | 274.12 |
| CGM | UREL | E47/1459 | 11 | SB | 1,252.35 |
| CGM | CGM | E47/1748 | 70 | SB | 7,969.50 |
| CGM | CGM | E47/1749 | 7 | SB | 796.95 |
| FMCM | CGM | M47/0560 | 676 | HA | 10,112.96 |
| CGM | CGM | M47/0783 | 958 | HA | 14,331.68 |
| CGM | CGM | M47/0784 | 319 | HA | 4,772.24 |
| CGM | CGM | M47/0785 | 958 | HA | 14,331.68 |
| CGM | CGM | M47/0994 | 640 | HA | 9,574.40 |
| CGM | CGM | M47/0995 | 825 | HA | 12,342.00 |
| CGM | CGM | M47/0996 | 777 | HA | 11,623.92 |
| CGM | CGM | M47/0997 | 957 | HA | 14,316.72 |
| CGM | CGM | M47/0998 | 960 | HA | 14,361.60 |
| CGM | CGM | M47/0999 | 901 | HA | 13,478.96 |
| CGM | CGM | M47/1000 | 978 | HA | 14,630.88 |
| CGM | CGM | M47/1001 | 969 | HA | 14,496.24 |
| CGM | CGM | M47/1002 | 991 | HA | 14,825.36 |
| CGM | CGM | M47/1003 | 984 | HA | 14,720.64 |
| CGM | CGM | M47/1004 | 999 | HA | 14,945.04 |
| CGM | CGM | M47/1005 | 959 | HA | 14,346.64 |
| CGM | CGM | M47/1114 | 959 | HA | 14,346.64 |
| CGM | CGM | M47/1115 | 991 | HA | 14,825.36 |
| CGM | CGM | M47/1116 | 991 | HA | 14,825.36 |
| CGM | CGM | M47/1117 | 959 | HA | 14,346.64 |
| CGM | CGM | M47/1118 | 991 | HA | 14,825.36 |
| CGM | CGM | M47/1119 | 991 | HA | 14,825.36 |
| CGM | CGM | M47/1120 | 998 | HA | 14,930.08 |
| CGM | CGM | M47/1121 | 959 | HA | 14,346.64 |
| CGM | CGM | M47/1122 | 985 | HA | 14,735.60 |
| CGM | CGM | M47/1123 | 982 | HA | 14,690.72 |
| CGM | CGM | M47/1124 | 959 | HA | 14,346.64 |
| CGM | CGM | M47/1125 | 1000 | HA | 14,960.00 |
CGM = Chalice Gold Mines Ltd; FMCM = Farno McMahan, UREL = Uranium Equities Ltd
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3.1.3 Geological Setting of the Yandeearra Project Area
The Yandeearra Project is located in the Archean Pilbara Craton of Western Australia (Figure 3-1). The Pilbara Craton is divided into a northern granite-greenstone terrane, and the unconformably over-lying Hamersley Basin to the south. The granite-greenstone terrane has been further divided into the East and West Pilbara Terranes, which are separated by the Central Pilbara Tectonic Zone (CPTZ; Smithies and Farrell, 2000).
Thick sequences of turbidite and mass-flow deposits of the Mallina Basin form the major component to the CPTZ (Smithies and Farrell, 2000). The East and West Pilbara Terranes are characterised by large ovoid granitoid-gneiss complexes, which are partly surrounded by highly deformed belts of volcanic and sedimentary rocks. The Yandeearra Project is located at the boundary of the CPTZ and the East Pilbara Terrane.
The south eastern part of the Project area incorporates the north easterly trending Pilbara Well greenstone belt, which has undergone multiple phases of ductile deformation and metamorphism, and consists of basalts and ultramafic rocks, with silicified sedimentary rocks (Cary, 2006). Late stage brittle deformation has resulted in the formation of a series of north easterly trending faults with interpreted dextral offsets. The greenstone belt rocks are overlain by chert of the Cleaverville Formation to the northeast.
The north eastern part of the project area is predominately composed of Mallina Formation turbiditic sedimentary rocks, with numerous interbedded, differentiated mafic/ultramafic intrusives of the Millindinna Intrusion complex, and the Satirist Gabbro suite. Granitic rocks of the East Pilbara Granite-Greenstone Terrane occur to the south east of the Project area, and Hamersley Basin basaltic volcanic rocks outcrop to the south of the tenements.
3.1.3.1 Regional Endowment
In terms of endowment for the District, Range River Gold’s 529,000 ounce Indee Project is located immediately north of the project area. Main prospects for that Project are the Camel 1 and Withnell Prospects (combined Measured, Indicated and Inferred Resource of 7.6 Mt at 1.7 g/t Au containing 400,000 oz Au above a 0.5 g/t Au cut-off; Cary, 2006), and the Calvert and Towerana Prospects (combined Indicated and Inferred Resource of 2.8 Mt at 1.4 g/t Au for 129,000 oz Au; Cary 2006). The mineralisation is associated with the regional-scale Mallina Shear Zone, and is characterised by a gold-pyrite-arsenopyrite association developed within zones of shearing and quartz veining within Mallina Basin turbiditic sedimentary rocks.
Similar deposits to those developed at Indee are the main targets within the Yandeearra Project area for Chalice and De Grey Mining. Currently, there is no active mining at the Indee Project, and production is now restricted to heap-leaching of stockpile material. As of 14 July 2008, the Indee heap leach operation had produced 29,337 oz of gold from 851,836 tonnes (t) of ore grading at 1.5 g/t Au (Range River Gold, 2008).
Drilling at De Grey Mining’s Wingina Well Prospect to the northeast of Yandeearra has defined a combined Measured, Indicated and Inferred Resource of 3.4 Mt at 1.8 g/t Au containing 203,000 oz of gold above a 0.5 g/t Au cut-off (De Grey Mining Ltd, 2008c). Gold and PGE exploration is continuing on numerous other prospects, and no production has commenced at Wingina Well.
Tantalum is mined from the Wodgina deposit (30 km east of Yandeearra) on the eastern extension of the Pilbara Well Greenstone Belt. However, similar host rocks to those at Wodgina have not yet been identified at Yandeearra. Annual production at Wodgina is ~1.3 to 1.4 Mlb Ta2O5 (Mining Journal, 2007).
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3.1.4 Exploration History
A moratorium on mining and exploration within the Yandeearra Aboriginal Reserve was only recently lifted. Following the lifting of the exploration moratorium and the granting of a number of exploration licences, the Farno Group (Farno) undertook initial geological mapping, stream sediment sampling, grid soil sampling and first pass RAB drilling targeting gold and base metals in the Pilbara Well Greenstone Belt. Pursuant to a joint venture with Farno, Bullion Minerals Ltd (Bullion) completed further soil sampling and aircore, RAB, RC and vacuum drilling programmes at several prospects within the project area, mostly in the Mallina Basin. This work outlined 17 significant gold in-soil anomalies, which are currently under investigation by Chalice.
In the 2006, Chalice completed a 12,601 m aircore programme, testing for Indee-style gold deposits in Mallina Formation turbiditic sedimentary rocks. Six geochemical anomalies (Holly, Fir, Aspen, Connolly, Magda and Hogan) along the Central Shear Zone and a seventh target at Woomerina were tested (Chalice Gold Mines, 2006c). Best results are presented in Table 3-4. Drilling returned low level gold anomalism in several drill holes, associated with variably quartz veined zones in a sequence of sandstone and siltstone.
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Table 3-4: Best Results of Chalice’s Aircore 2006 programme at Yandeearra
| Prospect | Hole | North | East | Width (m) |
Interval (m) |
Au (ppm) |
Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Holly | CYAC007 | 7683405 | 633303 | 5 | 68–73 | 0.66 | |
| Including 1 | m @ 1.15 g/t from 70 to 71 m | ||||||
| Holly | CYAC018 | 7683496 | 633413 | 1 | 10–11 | 1.75 | |
| Holly | CYAC019 | 7683497 | 633393 | 2 | 11–1 | 1.82 | |
| Holly | CYAC024 | 7683496 | 633234 | 1 | 26–2 | 2.1 | |
| Holly | CYAC035 | 7683303 | 633298 | 7 | 40–47 | 0.73 | EOH |
| Including 3 | m @ 1.32 g/t from 41 to 44 m | ||||||
| Holly | CYAC007 | 7683405 | 633303 | 5 | 68–73 | 0.66 | |
| Including 1 | m @ 1.15 g/t from 70 to 71 m | ||||||
| Holly | CYAC018 | 7683496 | 633413 | 1 | 10–11 | 1.75 | |
| Holly | CYAC019 | 7683497 | 633393 | 2 | 11–13 | 1.82 | |
| Connolly | CYAC102 | 7678795 | 631166 | 1 | 31–32 | 0.69 | |
| Connolly | CYAC105 | 7678796 | 631072 | 1 | 32–33 | 1.43 | |
| Connolly | CYAC120 | 7678397 | 630917 | 1 | 15–16 | 0.84 | |
| Connolly | CYAC128 | 7678396 | 630671 | 1 | 52–53 | 0.51 | |
| Connolly | CYAC132 | 7678003 | 630898 | 3 | 33–36 | 1.08 | |
| Connolly | CYAC133 | 7678003 | 630870 | 3 | 47–50 | 2.11 | |
| Connolly | CYAC134 | 7677998 | 630841 | 1 | 2–3 | 1.43 | |
| Connolly | CYAC135 | 7677999 | 630821 | 2 | 52–54 | 3.15 | |
| Connolly | CYAC137 | 7678005 | 630760 | 1 | 49–50 | 0.72 | |
| Connolly | CYAC138 | 7678003 | 630735 | 1 | 5–6 | 0.63 | |
| Connolly | CYAC144 | 7678003 | 630576 | 1 | 13–14 | 0.5 | |
| Woomerina | CYAC197 | 7672027 | 641605 | 5 | 4–9 | 0.80 | veined siltstone |
| Including 1 | m @ 2.25 g/t from 8 to 9 m | ||||||
| Woomerina | CYAC198 | 7672050 | 641601 | 1 | 7–8 | 0.78 | Lower saprolite |
| Woomerina | CYAC201 | 7672135 | 641600 | 1 | 37–38 | 0.57 | Sandysiltstone |
| Woomerina | CYAC202 | 7672159 | 641600 | 2 | 8–10 | 0.92 | siltstone |
Source: Chalice Gold Mines, 2006c
In 2007, preliminary review of the available radiometric data for the Yandeearra Project area outlined at least one priority uranium target in the southern part of the project area. The target was defined by a discrete uranium channel radiometric anomaly associated with a small area of mapped sediment outcrop in the Pilbara Well Greenstone Belt north of the Yule Granite. Rock chip sample results from follow up work are presented in Table 3-5.
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Table 3-5: Significant Rock Chip Sampling Results from Yandeearra
| Sample Number |
Easting | Northing | Au (Average; ppb) |
Au 1 (ppb) |
U (ppm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 114501 | 608966 | 7652030 | 4 | 4 | 4.82 |
| 114503 | 608772 | 7652249 | 39 | 47 | 2.55 |
| 114509 | 631233 | 7659220 | 9 | 9 | 4.33 |
| 114511 | 630158 | 7659754 | <1 | <1 | 3.49 |
| 114520 | 628125 | 7653058 | <1 | <1 | 9.18 |
| 114521 | 627927 | 7653198 | <1 | <1 | 34.25 |
| 114526 | 627994 | 7651508 | 15 | 15 | 23.90 |
| 114527 | 628047 | 7651563 | 1069 | 1138 | 50.71 |
| 114528 | 628020 | 7651540 | 14640 | 16360 | 920.70 |
| 114529 | 635029 | 7649350 | 74 | 79 | 24.98 |
| 114530 | 635269 | 7649524 | 65 | 70 | 22.71 |
| 114531 | 636895 | 7652122 | 12 | 12 | 14.76 |
| 114532 | 636909 | 7650560 | 4 | 4 | 34.85 |
| 114533 | 634280 | 7652260 | <1 | <1 | 4.29 |
| 114534 | 614530 | 7646288 | 5 | 5 | 5.66 |
| 114536 | 629123 | 7652209 | 164 | 164 | |
| 114537 | 629101 | 7652198 | 25 | 25 | |
| 114538 | 628015 | 7651547 | 4 | 4 | 45.24 |
| 114539 | 628002 | 7651532 | 69 | 69 | 28.2 |
| 114540 | 627983 | 7651513 | 46 | 46 | 30.23 |
| 114541 | 628022 | 7651545 | 1567 | 1567 | 4.39 |
| 114542 | 628069 | 7651567 | 57 | 57 | 18.37 |
| 114543 | 628073 | 7651564 | 1911 | 1833 | 8.77 |
| 114544 | 628592 | 7652525 | 32 | 32 | |
| 114547 | 628420 | 7652029 | 215 | 230 | |
| 114548 | 628427 | 7652019 | 10 | 10 | |
| 114549 | 628105 | 7651881 | 8 | 8 | |
| 114550 | 628388 | 7652018 | 4 | 4 | |
| 114551 | 628321 | 7651996 | 4 | 4 | |
| 114552 | 628021 | 7652004 | 5 | 5 | |
| 114553 | 628185 | 7651899 | 6 | 6 | |
| 114554 | 628181 | 7651929 | 12 | 12 | |
| 114555 | 628255 | 7652027 | 16 | 16 | |
| 114556 | 628295 | 7652014 | 5 | 5 | |
| 114557 | 628617 | 7652492 | 7 | 7 |
Source: De Grey Mining Ltd (2008a)
In 2008, further compilation of data from previous explorers, in conjunction with field reconnaissance, highlighted two regional-scale gold mineralised structures; the John Bull and Pilbara Well Shear Zones (Figure 3-2).
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The John Bull Shear can be traced over a strike length of at least 7 km (De Grey Mining Ltd, 2008a). Samples from the Princess May and John Bull historic workings, which have never been drilled, assayed up to 71.4 g/t and 33.2 g/t Au (De Grey Mining Ltd, 2008a). Work by previous explorers includes only eight drill holes elsewhere along a 530 m strike length of the John Bull Shear Zone. Those holes returned intercepts including 9 m at 1.99g/t Au, 4m at 2.67 g/t Au and 7 m at 1.84 g/t Au (De Grey Mining Ltd, 2008a).
Gold mineralisation is reported as hosted by quartz veining and pyrite within basalt and felsic dykes intruded along the structure. High grade gold assays up to 45.5 g/t and 14.9 g/t (De Grey Mining Ltd, 2008a; Table 3-6) were also returned from sampling at the Foochow, Hong Kong and Empress Well North workings located 3 km west of the John Bull Shear Zone (Figure 3-3). Gold there is hosted by laminated quartz carbonate veins within extensively chlorite-carbonate altered dolerite and basalt, extending over at least 300 m strike.
==> picture [418 x 352] intentionally omitted <==
----- Start of picture text -----
John Bull (Figure
3-3)
Pilbara Well (Figure
3-4)
----- End of picture text -----
Figure 3-2: Location of the John Bull and Pilbara Well shear zones at Yandeearra
The Pilbara Well Shear Zone is an 800 m wide structure of highly foliated greenstone and granite, along the south eastern margin of the greenstone belt. Gold workings extend over more than 10 km strike and were the site of alluvial and bedrock mining in the late nineteenth century (De Grey Mining Ltd, 2008b). Sampled vein quartz collected by De Grey, from old workings that have never been drilled, returned assays up to 14.4 g/t Au and 2.67% Cu (De Grey Mining Ltd, 2008b; Table 3-6).
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==> picture [292 x 348] intentionally omitted <==
Figure 3-3: Results from the John Bull shear zone
==> picture [379 x 255] intentionally omitted <==
Figure 3-4: Results from the Pilbara Well shear zone rock chip sampling
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Table 3-6: Rock chip sampling results from John Bull and Pilbara Well areas
| Sample | East | North | Gold (g/t) |
Copper (%) |
Silver (g/t) |
Prospect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 55048 | 636,710 | 7,657,377 | 33.2 | 0.10 | 2 | Princess May |
| 55053 | 635,616 | 7,655,006 | 71.4 | 0.01 | 5 | John Bull |
| 55054 | 635,716 | 7,654,970 | 10.1 | 0.03 | 1 | |
| 55061 | 635,344 | 7,650,550 | 8.25 | 30.2 | 34 | Pilbara Well |
| 55015 | 635,154 | 7,650,586 | 1.48 | 0.01 | 26 | |
| 55066 | 636,652 | 7,650,810 | 7.89 | 0.48 | 8 | Esmeralda |
| 55068 | 636,962 | 7,651,029 | 14.4 | 2.67 | 5 | Queen Mab |
| 55107 | 633,553 | 7,656,464 | 5.35 | 0 | 1 | Hong Kong |
| 55108 | 633,635 | 7,656,582 | 6.93 | 0.01 | 1 | |
| 55109 | 633,648 | 7,656,602 | 45.5 | 0 | 4 | |
| 55111 | 634,336 | 7,657,211 | 14.9 | 0.01 | 2 | Foochow |
| 55118 | 631,594 | 7,655,955 | 11.2 | 0.12 | 2 | Empress Well North |
| 55120 | 631,627 | 7,655,972 | 9.54 | 0.01 | 1 | |
| 550005 | 631,758 | 7,651,589 | 2.55 | 0.01 | 0 | Diorite |
Source: De Grey Mining Ltd, 2008b
Prior to De Grey’s withdrawal from their joint venture with Chalice at Yandeearra, further gold and base metal exploration continued at the project with soil geochemistry, geological reconnaissance and rock sampling programs undertaken. Several new gold and base metal occurrences were identified by this work. Despite grades up to 58.6g/t gold, 38g/t silver and 3.10% lead from rock samples (Table 3-7) most occurrences were found to be related to wide-spaced veins and narrow felsic dykes and were downgraded as having limited tonnage potential (Chalice, 2009).
Table 3-7: Reconnaissance rock sampling results >1.00g/t gold, 20g/t Au or 1% lead obtained by De Grey (Chalice, 2009).
| Sample | Sample ID |
East | North | Gold, g/t |
Silver, g/t |
Copper, % |
Lead, % |
Zinc % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gossan Veins | 550966 | 639,672 | 7,653,035 | 1.19 | 38 | 0.07 | 2.58 | 0.64 |
| 550967 | 639,700 | 7,653,051 | 2.26 |
27 | 0.05 | 3.10 | 0.18 | |
| 550969 | 639,768 | 7,653,152 | 6.89 |
2 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.00 | |
| P545047 | 639,566 | 7,653,050 | 1.03 |
0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | |
| Gold Vein | 550972 | 638,541 | 7,652,298 | 0.16 |
16 | 0.06 | 1.59 | 0.02 |
| 550974 | 638,456 | 7,652,258 | 58.6 |
4 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.00 | |
| Aplite | 550979 | 638,800 | 7,654,878 | 1.58 |
0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| 550981 | 638,599 | 7,654,914 | 4.56 |
0 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
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Further exploration was then focussed on a large, previously unexplored area near the Cleaverville Chert Hills where soil sampling late in 2008 identified a new, gold-in-soil anomaly. Gold anomalism up to 2.64g/t in soils remains open and untested to the north and east (Figure 3-5). There are no known gold occurrences in the area and a bedrock source to the gold in soil has yet to be identified. The soil anomaly occurs in a structurally favourable position at the western end of a large granite body that intrudes the greenstone rocks of the Cleaverville Chert and underlying felsic volcanic lithologies (Chalice, 2009).
==> picture [354 x 262] intentionally omitted <==
Figure 3-5: Recent surface sampling results from Yandeearra (Chalice, 2009).
In total, twenty four (24) ‘prospects’ have been identified by Chalice and previous workers within the current Chalice tenement holding (Figure 3-6). The exploration results presented above, and the level of geological understanding of these prospects and the immediate areas adjacent to the prospects, will form the basis of the Geological Risk Method valuation (explained in Section 4).
It should be noted that exploration data specific to each prospect presented in Figure 3-6, are not necessarily available. As such, the Yandeearra tenement holding has been divided into four areas for the purpose of the Geological Risk Method valuation (Figure 3-7A). The division of the areas was defined by tenement boundaries, and took into account the commonality and continuity of geological features throughout the tenements (Figure 3-7B), as well as the distribution of exploration results (Figure 3-7C). To derive the final estimated value using the Geological Risk Method, the areas were summed based on commodity of interest.
The only area not included in the total estimated value is area ‘D’. The VALMIN Code (Clause 70) cautions against the attribution of value to exploration tenements under application at the time of preparing the valuation, and as such these tenements were not included in this valuation. Other tenement applications in the Yandeearra Project area cover existing granted tenements held by Chalice, and as such, those areas were included in this valuation.
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Figure 3-7: Definition of area division for the purpose of Geological Risk valuation
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3.2 Gnaweeda Project
3.2.1 Introduction
The Gnaweeda Project comprises 172.28 km[2] of tenements, located approximately 30 km east of Meekatharra in the Murchison District of Western Australia (Figure 3-8). The Murchison Province is the western most of three granite-greenstone terrains that together form part of the Archean Yilgarn Craton. The Province extends for over 450 km in strike from Mt Gibson to Meekatharra.
Within the Province, several arcuate belts of supracrustal or greenstone rocks are present, bounded by intrusive granitic batholiths. Mafic volcanic and intrusive rocks with subordinate felsic volcanics and sediments characterise the greenstone sequence.
==> picture [412 x 408] intentionally omitted <==
Figure 3-8: Location of the Gnaweeda project
Note: the exact overall tenement outline for the Gnaweeda project has changed since production of this figure in the independent geological report provided in the Chalice Prospectus (Cary, 2006). Refer to Table 3-8 and Figure 3-10 for the current tenement outline
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3.2.2 Ownership
The Gnaweeda Project comprises two granted tenements, listed in Table 3-8, and is subject to the JV agreement outlined below.
Chalice has a JV agreement with Teck Cominco (Teck) in relation to gold at the Gnaweeda Project. In July 2005, a JV was signed whereby Teck can earn a 70% interest in the project by spending A$1.5M over three years (with minimum expenditure of A$140,000). The JV is staged so that Teck can earn a 51% interest in the project by expenditure of A$750,000 within three years, which has just been met by Teck. Thereafter, an additional 19% interest can be earned by expenditure of another A$750,000 up to total of A$1.5M. At this time, Chalice has a 49% interest in the Gnaweeda Project, and it will be on this basis that SRK’s valuation of Chalice’s equity position in the Gnaweeda Project will made.
Table 3-8: Chalice gold mines tenement schedule for the Gnaweeda project as at April 2009.
| Manager | Holder | Id | Area | Unit | Grant Date |
Expiry Date |
Rent Date |
Rent |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TECK | JABU | E51/0926 | 28 | SB | 31-Jul-02 | 30-Jul-09 | 30-Jul-09 | A$12,745.04 |
| TECK | JABU | E51/0927 | 28 | SB | 31-Jul-02 | 30-Jul-09 | 30-Jul-09 | A$12,745.04 |
JABU = J A Bunting & Associates Pty Ltd; TECK = Teck Cominco
3.2.3 Geological Setting of the Gnaweeda Project
The Gnaweeda project covers the mainly buried Gnaweeda greenstone belt (GGB), located east of the Meekatharra–Mt Magnet Greenstone belt of the Murchison Province (Figure 3-8). The bulk of the GGB is covered by colluvial and alluvial material, typically around 20 m thick, locally with narrow palaeochannels to 80 m deep. The cover is developed over a variably preserved weathering profile, with laterite caps (Bunting and McIntyre, 2003).
Based on the interpretation of magnetic data, the GGB can be subdivided into three litho-tectonic subdomains (Figure 3-9). The western subdomain comprises a broadly conformable package of non-magnetic mafic volcanic and intrusive rocks, with extensive, continuous narrow interbedded strongly magnetic units which define large-scale isoclinal folds and possible repetition of stratigraphy (Bunting and McIntyre, 2003).
The central subdomain comprises a package of gabbro or dolerite and prominent magnetic felsic volcanics and sediments, with strike broadly parallel to the gross strike of the greenstone belt (Bunting and McIntyre, 2003).
The eastern subdomain contains a sequence of complexly folded, variably magnetic, mainly mafic and ultramafic volcanic rocks (Bunting and McIntyre, 2003).
The boundary between the Central and Eastern subdomains is interpreted as either a major structure, or the eastern margin of a broad high strain zone including the Western and Central subdomains. A significant northwest-trending sinistral shear corridor (comprising several structures) separates the southern and central segments of the belt (Bunting and McIntyre, 2003). Numerous mafic dykes are evident throughout the area, with the dominant swarms oriented northeast and east–west (Tillick, 2007A).
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Locally within the tenements, bedrock is generally obscured by regolith, and outcrop is restricted to the northernmost portion of the tenements. Limited outcrop of greenstone belt is present in the northeast near the old Mistletoe mine, where Tertiary laterite is developed over heavily weathered mafic and ultramafic rocks and interbedded shale (Bunting and McIntyre, 2003). In the southern part of the tenement around Bunarra, extensive outcrops of weathered felsic volcanic, volcaniclastic and sedimentary rocks are inter-layered with minor mafic volcanics and dolerite (Bunting and McIntyre, 2003).
==> picture [300 x 369] intentionally omitted <==
Figure 3-9: Distribution of the geological domains at Gnaweeda
Source: Teck Cominco (2006)
Structurally, the area is complex, with the predominantly north–south-striking greenstone belt being influenced and disrupted by the occurrence of a large granitoid intrusive which has resulted in localised anastomosing of the belt (Figure 3-10).
Host rocks to mineralisation comprise a package of mafic extrusive and intrusive (gabbroic or doleritic) rocks, intruded by felsic porphyries, with minor shales and sedimentary units (Tillick, 2007a). Mineralisation is reported as developed both in mafic rocks and in felsic units, with extensive, but generally low grade, gold mineralisation developed in the mafic rocks (Tillick, 2007a). Mapping of mineralised zones indicates that quartz veining in the felsic rocks generally contains higher grade intersections (Tillick, 2007a). Alteration typically has sericite-carbonate with minor sulphide proximal to quartz veins, and a distal halo consisting of biotite and chlorite (Tillick, 2007a).
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3.2.4 Exploration History
The area has old gold workings located at Mistletoe and Bunarra (Figure 3-10). There is no record of production from Bunarra, but the Mistletoe mine has reported production of approximately 490 oz of gold from 444 t of ore mined, as well as 1200 oz of dollied and alluvial gold (Bunting and McIntyre, 2003). Early modern exploration work comprised VHMS-style base metal exploration in the southern parts of the tenements, focussed on outcropping gossan hosted in felsic volcanoclastics rocks in the vicinity of Bunarra Bore. Initial work (pre-19977) was completed by Esso, with Dominion subsequently exploring the area for gold. Base metal exploration work, including some drilling, was completed by Outokumpu (1991 to 1992). St Joe Minerals completed some sampling and shallow drilling to the west of this prospect. In 1977, BHP drilled a magnetic anomaly within the greenstones, intersecting olivine orthocumulate and gabbroic rocks.
Gold exploration has been completed in two main areas, the main Gnaweeda trend explored by Newcrest in 1993 to 1999 (and subsequently Australian Gold Resources (AGR) in JV with Newcrest), and an area to the east explored by Mines and Resources Australia (MRA) in 1992 to 1999 (Bunting and McIntyre, 2003). In both areas, the companies explored using airborne and ground magnetics, RAB, aircore and RC drilling. Geological mapping of four core holes was completed by Newcrest/AGR, and MRA undertook soil and stream-sediment sampling.
Newcrest and Australian Gold Resources outlined a 1 km long supergene Au anomaly (0.5 to 0.8g/t Au), and subsequent drilling in an initially widely spaced RAB programme reported 12 m @ 8.7 g/t Au (Bunting and McIntyre, 2003). Limited deeper RC and diamond drilling revealed significant grades at depth, including 16 m @ 2.58 g/t Au (TR202-6), 20 m @ 1.4 g/t Au (TR209-1), 24 m @ 2.74 g/t Au (GZ090-1) and 4 m @ 5 g/t Au (TR20035E-5) (Bunting and McIntyre, 2003).
Bullion Minerals (McIntyre, 2005b) completed detailed compilation and analysis of open file historical drilling data, compilation and imaging of open file aeromagnetic data, and collection of new ultra-detailed aeromagnetic data. Extensive drilling was completed in the Turnberry‐St Annes ‐ area, which identified gold arsenic mineralised systems developed over 6km of strike, within a zone up to 750 m wide (McIntyre, 2005). Mineralisation was reported as hosted in a package of mafic volcanic/intrusive, felsic intrusive and sedimentary rocks. Higher grades were interpreted as being associated with quartz veined felsic intrusives (McIntyre, 2005a).
Teck Cominco drilled areas to the south of the current tenement package, and relinquished that ground (E51/1027). On the current tenement package, Teck have drilled 55 holes across RAB, aircore and RC holes, for a total of 4990 m. Holes at Turnberry largely intersected coarse-grained mafic (dolerite?) rocks with pervasive carbonate alteration, localised quartz-carbonate veining and disseminated pyrite (Tillick, 2007b). Mineralised zones in one hole (GNRC003) appeared to correspond to strong silica-pyrite alteration, with abundant fine-grained arsenopryite (?) (Tillick, 2007b). The majority of the holes in general encountered a mixed package of foliated mafic volcanic rocks, dolerite, shale, ultramafic schist and minor feldspar porphyry. Nearly all holes encountered zones of strong carbonate + quartz pyrite veining and wallrock alteration.
The strongest Au mineralisation occurs in foliated fine-grained mafic volcanics that have been strongly carbonated and contain disseminated pyrite and quartz veining (GNRC005), and a shale/fine mafic volcanic unit with abundant quartz veining, chlorite and sericite alteration, and minor pyrite (GNRC009) (Tillick, 2007d). Shallow 5 m composite samples returned 11.64 g/t from 15 to 20 m in GNRC007 from lateritised clays directly beneath the transported cover, and 13.49 g/t from 80 to 85 m in GNRC008 from red-brown weathered saprolite. Some significant drilling results from the drilling are presented in Table 3-9.
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Table 3-9: Significant Drilling Results from Teck Drilling
| Hole No. | From (m) |
To (m) |
Interval (m) |
Au g/t |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GNRC001 | 230 | 240 | 10 | 1.37 |
| GNRC002 | 205 | 210 | 5 | 1.31 |
| GNRC003 | 50 | 55 | 5 | 2.43 |
| 60 | 65 | 5 | 0.92 | |
| 245 | 255 | 10 | 2.03 | |
| GNRC005 | 91 | 92 | 1 | 1.02 |
| 277 | 278 | 1 | 23.02 | |
| 278 | 279 | 1 | 8.07 | |
| 279 | 280 | 1 | 4.54 | |
| GNRC007 | 15 | 20 | 5 | 11.64 |
| GNRC008 | 55 | 60 | 5 | 2.35 |
| 80 | 85 | 5 | 13.49 | |
| GNRC009 | 70 | 75 | 5 | 0.91 |
| 151 | 152 | 1 | 1.93 | |
| 152 | 153 | 1 | 2.34 | |
| 168 | 169 | 1 | 59.27 | |
| 169 | 170 | 1 | 8.60 | |
| 170 | 171 | 1 | 1.88 | |
| 171 | 172 | 1 | 1.34 | |
| 223 | 224 | 1 | 2.63 | |
| 231 | 232 | 1 | 3.17 | |
| After Tillick (2007d) |
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Figure 3-10: Map showing exploration results at Gnaweeda Tenement outlines shown in white. Prospects defined by previous explorers and Chalice are labelled.
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3.3 Wilga Project
3.3.1 Introduction
The Wilga Project comprises approximately 12 km[2] of tenements, located approximately 50 km south of Laverton and 15 km south southeast of AngloGold-Ashanti’s Cleo gold mine (Figure 3-11).
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Figure 3-11: Location of the Wilga Project
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3.3.2 Ownership
The Wilga Project comprises two tenements, as presented in Table 3-10.
Table 3-10: Chalice Gold Mines Tenement Schedule for the Wilga Project as at April
| 2009 | 2009 | 2009 | 2009 | 2009 | 2009 | 2009 | 2009 | 2009 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Manager | Holder | ID No. | Area | Unit | Grant Date |
Expiry Date |
Rent Date |
Rent |
| CGM | CGM | E39/1003 | 7 |
SB | 23-Sep-05 | 22-Sep-10 | 22-Sep-09 | A$708.40 |
| CGM | CGM | P39/4890 | 100 | HA | 29-Jan-09 | 28-Jan-13 | 28-Jan-10 | A$220.00 |
CGM = Chalice Gold Mines Ltd
Chalice has recently entered an agreement with AngloGold Ashanti Ltd (AngloGold) in relation to Exploration Licence 39/1003, and for Prospecting Licence 39/4890, that make up the Wilga Project. Under the terms of the agreement, AngloGold has the right to earn a 75% interest in the tenements with the expenditure of A$2M within four years from August 2008.
Upon earning its 75% interest, a JV will be established with participating interests being AngloGold 75% and Chalice 25%. AngloGold will be the manager of the JV and project and can withdraw prior to earning its interest.
As AngloGold has yet to reach the earn-in period, Chalice effectively retains 100% ownership of the Wilga Project at this time.
3.3.3 Geological Setting of the Wilga Project
The Project is located within the Burtville Domain, adjacent to the Laverton Tectonic Zone (LTZ), which separates the Burtville Doman from the Laverton Domain to the west. The LTZ is dominated by acid to intermediate volcanic and volcanoclastics rocks, including fault-bounded polymict conglomerates, and minor mafic and ultramafic rocks. The area in general is characterised by structurally disrupted stratigraphy, with extensive faulting, folding and shearing noted, variable metamorphic grade and extensive alteration and metasomatism (Alexander, 2007).
The oldest rocks in the immediate Wilga Project area are mafic and ultramafic volcanics with interbedded banded iron and cherty units. The sequence is dominated by high-Mg basalts and komatiite, with lesser basalt, dolerite and gabbro and sedimentary rocks (Alexander, 2007; Figure 3-12). Banded Iron Formations are generally contained within basaltic sequences, at or near the contact between basalts and ultramafic rocks (Delta, 1987). Several generations of intrusive rocks locally cut the stratigraphy, including dolerites/gabbros, which often occur as sills, and quartz-feldspar intrusives.
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Figure 3-12: Local geology of the Wilga Project
After Alexander (2007)
‘Quartz blows’ have been mapped at the surface, often parallel to the strike of the stratigraphy, which predominantly dips moderately to steeply east, with localised tight folding highlighted within the banded iron formation (‘BIF’) units (Delta, 1987). Several east–west-striking shear zones are also mapped, which locally off set stratigraphy. Regional metamorphism is predominantly Greenschist facies, with localised Amphibolite facies developed close to shear zones.
Mineralisation in the area is reported as hosted by banded iron/chert formations, quartz veining and shear zones within the basaltic sequences (Allen, 2006). Visible gold has been noted from the area associated with the BIFs, and reconnaissance rock chip sampling of the outcrop has produced assays of 7.8 g/t and 5.1 g/t gold (Cary, 2006).
3.3.4 Exploration History
A summary of previous exploration on the tenement is presented in Table 3-11.
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Table 3-11: Summary of Exploration Results at Wilga
| Company | Year(s) | Work Completed |
|---|---|---|
| Australian Selection Pty Ltd | 1966–71 | Detailed aeromagnetic survey, gridding, soil sampling and geological mapping, Auger drilling, pitting and trenching and eighty diamond drill holes |
| US Steel International Inc | ? | Regional reconnaissance and geological mapping |
| Nord Resources | 1981–1983 | Drilled 88, 9 m deep air track holes over a banded Iron formation south of Wilga Trig. Reconnaissance mapping and surface sampling was carried out prior to drilling |
| Union Oil | 1986 | Tested approximately 6 km of strike length of the banded iron formations. Drilled 24 RC holes for 1,406 m. Concentrated their drilling on the Relief Bore, Wilga and RSVG prospects |
| Delta Gold | 1984–1990 | Geological Mapping, griding, ground magnetic surveys, soil and rock chip sampling and RAB and RC drilling (45 holes). Geochemical sampling included assaying for Au, with select samples assayed for Zn, Pb, Cu and As |
| Chalice Gold Mines | 2006–2007 | Soil sampling (173 samples), interpretation of geophysical data, mapping |
| AngloGold Ashanti | 2008-2009 | Surface rock chip sampling and gold analyses (35 samples); 1:5,000 scale geological mapping and an archaeological heritage survey. |
Auger drilling defined an extensive, low order (>10 ppb Au, peak 31 ppb Au) gold anomaly in an area of cover to the west of the main mineralised BIF. The anomaly trends north to north‐north east and is semicontinuous over a strike distance of approximately 1,800 m at the >10 ppb Au contour (Alexander, 2007).
Of the 35 surface rock chip samples assayed by AngloGold Ashanti, 7 returned values greater than 0.03ppm. Geological mapping revealed a north northwest striking stratigraphy of BIF, basalt, pyroxenite and isoclinals folding of the stratigraphy (Chalice, 2009). Initial indications show that gold mineralisation is associated with a north northwesterly striking BIF ridge (Figure 3-13).
RAB and RC drilling identified a trend of gold anomalism (≥1 g/t and up to 5 g/t in 10 holes) which correlates with the mapped and interpreted distribution of BIF in the western part of the tenement (Figure 3-14). Further potential exists for similar intersections within the interpreted BIF unit along strike to the north and to the south.
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Figure 3-13: Wilga Project schematic geological map showing major units and structures interpreted from aeromagnetic survey and higher grade gold values in rock chip samples (Chalice, 2009)
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4 Valuation
4.1 Valuation of Exploration Properties
Valuation of exploration properties relies on the application of a number of different methodologies that can be used in conjunction to determine a probable (or likely) market value. The methods used are related to the stage of exploration, and whether there are identified mineral resources on the property. The major methods used to value exploration properties are (Lawrance, 1994):
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Geoscience Ratings Methods
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JV terms – Comparable Market Value
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Multiples of Exploration Expenditure (MEE)
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Rule of Thumb.
In addition, SRK has developed a probability (risk) based approach to exploration valuation (the Geological Risk Method), which relies on identifying likely net present value (NPV) outcomes from successful development, and discounting this figure by the cost and probability of success through various (5) stages of the exploration and development process (Lord et al, 2001). This is SRK’s preferred method that relies on development of geological models for mineralisation and then detailed review of exploration data to apply these models. In addition, the probability based approach requires determination of the likely or preferred NPV outcomes as well as estimation of the probabilities related to the likelihood of this outcome.
Using the Geoscience Ratings Method requires information such as tenement acquisition and maintenance costs, and detailed analysis of the information which requires additional research to incorporate into the valuation. SRK does not favour the MEE method as it is expenditure based and takes limited account of the geological features present within the project area to derive a value. However, attributing the annual rental commitment as a means of determining a minimum tenement value, is sometimes appropriate.
The Rule of Thumb approach is typically used when a resource has been outlined but its economic viability has yet to be determined. It is important to note that this should be applied only with caution and the results should be interpreted as indicative only as it does not take into account many other factors such as native title, environmental, taxation, mill and capital costs or mine closure costs. As no resources are defined on the assets subject to this valuation, the Rule of Thumb approach is not appropriate to use.
SRK has further utilised the technical observations as provided by Chalice (Table 4-1) to determine Project maturity and prospectivity potential, as based on exploration work completed by Chalice.
Consequently, SRK has undertaken the valuation of the Yandeearra, Gnaweeda and Wilga exploration Projects using the probability (risk) based approach (Geological Risk Method). The results of this valuation have been compared to a limited number of comparable market transactions for early stage exploration projects using a value per square kilometre. This is not SRK’s preferred method as it does not take into account the detailed geology of each tenement area, instead applying a somewhat arbitrary value figure per square kilometre of tenement. SRK has utilised this method primarily as a comparison to the Geological Risk Method. A further benchmark used to calibrate the Geological Risk Method valuation was the implied value as derived from the terms of a JV agreement, where applicable.
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Our valuation encompasses the exploration potential of the three project areas comprising Chalice’s holding in Western Australia.
This technical review does not account for:
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the value of any nearby infrastructure;
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the value of any commodity other than Au, Cu, Fe, Ta or U;
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acquisition costs;
-
financing costs; and
-
infill drilling/future exploration and resource definition costs.
All values quoted are in Australian Dollars (A$$).
In summary, SRK has derived our preferred valuation of the Yandeearra, Gnaweeda and Wilga exploration projects using the Geological Risk Method to determine the value of exploration potential. This has been cross-checked, where possible, with the comparable transactions method (including implied value from JV agreements where applicable), as described below.
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| Risk Probability Factor Category |
Variable, i.e.: Low for Area B Low to moderate for Area A Negligible for Area C |
Low | Very low | Negligible | Negligible | Moderate | Very low | Low |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Comments | Exploration results for Area B have lowered expectation of discovery of Indee target style. Alternative style within Area A (De Grey JV) is possibly higher grade (5 -7 g/t Au) but smaller tonnage deposit |
No significant exploration results to date, but large tonnage deposit considered low probability. |
De Grey Mining’s Orchard Tank-Acacia zone (Zn-Pb-Cu-Au-Ag) provides likely mineralisation model. |
Evidence of host rocks for notable Ta mineralisation is unknown and therefore not regarded as a priority exploration objective |
Should disregard as an exploration objective, and particularly because of issues in conducting exploration to test beneath areas covered by Proterozoic basalt |
High grade intercepts at depth provide basis for continuing further evaluation but mineralisation continuity and orientation needs to be established before proceeding towards resource definition stage to meet upper end of target size |
Not considered to be primary target mineralisation based on past exploration results, and not a current exploration objective |
Preliminary exploration results to date support evaluation but grade and size of potential mineralisation style is ill defined |
| Assumed Potential Target Model | 200,000 to 300,000 oz Au, 1.5 – 2.5 g/t grade (Area B). e.g. Range River Gold’s Indee or De Grey Mining’s Wingina Well deposits and mineralisation styles |
5-7 Mt @ 58% Fe. a.g. Atlas Iron’s Trigg deposit within its Abydos Project (east of Yandeearra) |
5 -7 Mt @ 3-4% Cu equivalent. e.g. CBH Resources/Sipa Resources Panorama JV (with resources such as Sulphur Springs, 13.8Mt @ 3.7% Zn, 1.4% Cu and Kangaroo Caves, 1.7 Mt @ 9.8% Zn 0.6% Cu) |
No target identifiable | Initial conceptual target not proven by subsequent work |
250,000 to 500,000 oz | Not known | 250,000 – 500,000 oz |
| Commodity | Au | Fe | Cu | Ta | U | Au | Cu | Au |
| Project | Yandeearra | Gnaweeda | Wilga |
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4.2 Comparable Transaction Valuations
The comparable market transactions method was used in three situations for application to the Chalice assets:
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As a value of specific commodities as based on JV terms (Section 4.2.1).
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As a ‘value per square kilometre’ value for the Yandeearra, Gnaweeda and Wilga exploration projects (Section 4.2.2).
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To determine a realistic Target Value (TV, NPV) for the exploration projects valued in the Geological Risk Method (Section 4.3).
4.2.1 Joint Venture Terms
One may consider a fair indication of market value of the projects as the earn-in cost outlined in the JV agreements for each project (see Sections 3.1.2, 3.2.2 and 3.3.2 for details). Effectively, these agreements represent the most recent transactions on the projects. Taking into consideration the stage that the JV agreements are at, and the current equity that Chalice retains in the projects, the implied value of the respective projects, for specific minerals, are presented in Table 4-2. Note that the Atlas joint venture is not listed in Table 4-2 as SRK considers that Atlas effectively has 100% ownership at this time, therefore the iron assets are not included in this valuation.
In determination of the implied value of the JV for the Wilga Project, SRK has estimated that it is likely that $0.5M will be spent to advance the Project from anomaly definition to systematic drill testing of any defined target. Based on the exploration success probabilities determined by Lord et al. (2001), there is a 17% probability of progressing the Project to resource delineation from systematic drill testing. As such, SRK has used the sum of the initial $500,000 and 17% of the residual amount to be spent under the JV agreement, to determine the current implied value (Table 4-2).
As De Grey withdrew from the Yandeearra joint venture prior to passing the first earn in/option period SRK has applied a discount to the implied value of the joint venture agreement. Under the joint venture agreement, De Grey was to spend $1.67 million to earn up to 80% in the rights to gold and base metals. De Grey spent in excess of $600,000 on the project, exceeding their minimum commitment of $417,000 under the joint venture agreement. The discount applied to stage 2 is a further 50% (75% total) to reflect the likelihood of any future joint ventures proceeding to this stage.
Table 4-2: Implied Value of the Chalice Projects for Specific Minerals as a Function of the JV Agreements
| Project | JV Company | Initial Payment (A$) |
Stage 1 (A$) |
To Earn (%) |
Stage 2 (A$) |
To Earn (%) |
Implied Value (for 100%) (A$) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yandeearra1a | De GreyMining | 265,000 | 835,000 | 60 | 835,000 | 80 | 1,636,000 |
| Yandeearra3b | Atlas Iron | 250,000 | 200,000 | 100 | 1,000,000 | 100 | 725,000 |
| Gnaweeda2b | Teck Cominco | 140,000 | 750,000 | 51 | 750,000 | 70 | 1,807,000 |
| Wilga2 | AngloGold | 2,000,000 | 75 | 755,555 | |||
| Total | 4,923,555 |
1 = Au and base metals;2 = Au only 3 = Fe only
Notes: Stage 2 reduced by (a) 75% to account for JV withdrawal, and (b) 50% to reflect likelihood of proceeding.
4.2.2 Value per Square Kilometre
SRK undertook analysis of transactions reported through the past two to four years in Australia for companies that acquired (or sold) gold and base metals, or uranium exploration exposure. The
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primary source of transaction information was the Mineral Economics Group Database (MEG, 2007), supplemented by searching the Mining News database and individual company news releases to various stock exchanges. Properties that contained reported known reserves or resources, infrastructure, or significantly different mineralisation styles were disregarded as they were not considered comparable.
The number of comparable exploration transactions obtained for the analysis varied depending on the Project location. These transactions predominately involved staged joint venture, typically with an initial payment followed by a series of earn-ins to gain a proportion of the project. To take account for the possibility that once initial payment was made, subsequent earn-ins may not be completed, SRK discounted these by a factor of 50%.
Based on these transactions SRK could determine the implied value in relation to tenement size to derive an upper, moderate and lower range of market values of the projects, which can be considered by BDO as a benchmark for the SRK Geological Risk Method.
Although Chalice’s projects are located across three mining districts in Western Australia, due to a paucity of transaction data for specific Districts, transactions across Western Australia as a whole were considered.
4.2.2.1 Gold
Results for comparative gold transactions are summarised in Table 4-3.
Table 4-3: Summary of Comparable Transactions involving Gold Exploration Projects in Western Australia
| Projects in Western Australia | |
|---|---|
| Transaction | Implied Value per km2 (A$) |
| In December 2008, Anglo American PLC entered an agreement with Traka Resources Ltd whereby they can earn an initial 51% by spending A$3.35 million (A$350,000 stage 1, A$3 million after 12 months) plus the access/heritage clearance-related costs (which are not accounted for) at the Musgrave Project. |
1,011 |
| In July 2007, St Barbara agreed to spend A$5M on exploration over five years on Mawson West’s Golden Mile South project (112 km2) to earn 70% of the project. |
52,521 |
| Prime Minerals Ltd. agreed to spend A$800K at the Star of Mangaroon project (72 km2) to earn 80% from Fox Resources. Notably, this property included 26,000 oz of gold (not JORC compliant) which has not been accounted for. |
8,681 |
| In July 2004, Newmont Exploration Pty Ltd agreed to spend A$3.5M over four years (with minimum A$400K first year commitment) on Cullen Resources’ Gunbarrel project (~450 km2). |
11,111 |
| In 2004, Aurogenic Resources Pty Ltd agreed to spend A$4M over three years (with minimum First year commitment of A$1M) to earn a 51% interest in the ~480 km2Meekatharra/Annean JV (with St Barbara Mines). |
10,212 |
| In June 2004, NGM Resources paid to farm into Gindalbie Gold NL’s Anketell project (~1,000 km2). NGM could earn a 26% interest in the project by spending the equivalent of A$1,050,000. |
4,038 |
| Average (without Golden Mile South transaction) | 7,010 |
Transactions are presented on a value per square kilometre basis.
The St Barbara transaction is at a very high value, as the project is presumably along strike from the Golden Mile. SRK has therefore chosen not to use this in our calculations. Furthermore, the Anglo American transaction is considered a low-end value as the calculation does not account for the access/heritage clearance-related costs.
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Chalice currently effectively owns 100% of the gold rights at Yandeearra and Wilga, and only 49% of the gold rights at Gnaweeda. These percentages have been accounted for in the final calculation of Chalice’s gold exploration assets on a value per square kilometre basis (Table 4-4).
SRK has restricted the area used for the Yandeearra valuation, as the prospective shear zones do not persist homogenously throughout the entire tenement package. As such, a simple calculation based on tenement area would be misleading. Based on the location of defined prospects, continuity of geology, and on the aeromagnetic data and fault interpretation completed by Chalice (Figure 4-1), SRK has defined zones within the Yandeearra project for consideration in the value per square valuation. The total area defined by SRK totalled 360 km[2] .
SRK has used the entire tenement area for the Gnaweeda and Wilga project valuations, as geological continuity broadly covers the entire tenement areas.
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Figure 4-1: Area used for value per km[2] valuation for Au at Yandeearra
Area defined by yellow dotted outline (total area of 360 km[2] ). Stars represent defined prospects. White lines represent Chalice’s fault interpretation for the aeromagnetic data (background).
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Table 4-4: Range of Values for Chalice’s Gold Exploration Assets on a Value per Square Kilometre Basis
| Project Name/Rights | Area **(km2) ** |
Low Value **(A$/km2) ** |
Average Value **(A$/km2) ** |
High Value **(A$/km2) ** |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1,011 | 7,010 | 11,111 | ||
| Yandeearra (100% Au rights) |
360 | 364,000 | 2,524,000 | 4,000,000 |
| Gnaweeda (49% Au rights) |
172.28 | 85,000 | 592,000 | 938,000 |
| Wilga (100% Au rights) |
12 | 12,000 | 84,000 | 133,000 |
| Totals | 544.3 | 461,000 | 3,200,000 | 5,071,000 |
4.2.2.2 Fe Ore
It should be noted that only little evidence of iron ore mineralisation (BIF- or channel-hosted iron ore) has yet been defined for the Yandeearra Project thus far. The Pilbara is a world-class iron ore producer. However, stratigraphy known to host iron ore mineralization is yet to be defined within the Yandeearra Project area. Similarly, geophysical signatures generally interpreted as channel iron features are yet to be defined in the Yandeearra Project area.
Given the current lack of geological knowledge / features at Yandeearra to support BIF- or channel-hosted iron ore features, a comparable transaction valuation based on value per square kilometre is inappropriate.
4.2.2.3 Base Metals
Results for comparative base metals (copper) transactions are summarised in Table 4-5.
Despite being prospective for copper mineralisation, both the Vale and Redstone Resources transactions were based on Iron Oxide Copper Gold (IOCG) and Ni-Cu-PGE exploration targets. Although these deposit styles differ from the VHMS targets reported for Yandeearra, they still represent potential for copper mineralisation. As such, SRK has chosen to use these transactions in our calculations.
The Graynic Metals and West Musgrave Mining transactions were for exploration assets with VHMS potential in the Pilbara, and are therefore appropriate for comparison purposes. However, the Graynic transaction was for a project at an advanced stage, and with numerous ore-grade drilling intersects. As such, the value of the transaction is greater than what would be the case for an early stage project such as those at Yandeearra and Gnaweeda. As such, the Graynic transaction has not been used in the calculations. Despite the Gnaweeda project being located in the Yilgarn Craton, SRK still considers the Pilbara transactions appropriate to use in valuation of the copper potential at Gnaweeda.
The total area of Chalice’s Cu exploration projects is 1191 km[2] . This is based on 1019km[2] at Yandeearra and 172 km[2] at Gnaweeda. Chalice currently effectively owns 100% of the copper rights at Yandeearra and Gnaweeda. These percentages have been accounted for in the final calculation of Chalice’s copper exploration assets on a value per square kilometre basis (Table 4-6).
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Table 4-5: Summary of Comparable Transactions involving Copper Exploration Projects in Western Australia
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Implied Value
Transaction per km [2]
(A$)
Under a farm-in agreement in 2008, Vale can earn an initial 51% interest in Rubicon’s
Warburton by spending A$3M on exploration or development over three years. Vale
can increase its interest in Warburton to 70% by sole funding exploration and
1,379
development up to the commencement of a bankable feasibility study (BFS), and can
earn a further 5% by solely funding the BFS. In the event that Vale elects to fund the
BFS, Rubicon will be free-carried to its completion
In 2007, Redstone Resources continued their exploration programme on the
Blackstone Range/Michael Hills tenements, spending the required A$1,000,000 in 2,959
the year to earn 100% of the project from Resources Mining Group
When it listed on the ASX in June 2005, Graynic Metals had an earn-in agreement
with Cazaly Resources Ltd to earn 80% of the Quartz Circle Cu project for the 19,231
expenditure of A$1M.
In March 2002, West Musgrave Mining signed an option to acquire up to a 70%
interest in the base metal portion of Caldera Resource’s Tabletop project. Under the
terms of the agreement, West Musgrave would pay Caldera A$20,000 and fund a
A$30,000 ground gravity survey over priority targets. If West Musgrave completes the 8,483
program, it could then earn a 51% stake by spending another A$300,000 over two
years, then raise its stake to 70% by spending an additional A$1M over the
subsequent three years
Average 8,013
Average [#] 4,274
----- End of picture text -----*
Transactions are presented on a value per square kilometre basis. *All transactions[#] Transactions with Graynic omitted
Table 4-6: Range of Values for Chalice’s Copper Exploration Assets on a Value Per Square Kilometre Basis
| Project Name/Rights | Area **(km2) ** |
Low Value **(A$/km2) ** |
SRK Preferred Value *(A$/km2) ** |
High Value# **(A$/km2) ** |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1,379 | 4,274 | 8,483 | ||
| Yandeearra (100% Cu rights) |
1019 | 1,405,000 | 4,355,000 | 8,644,000 |
| Gnaweeda (100% Cu rights) |
172.28 | 238,000 | 736,000 | 1,461,000 |
| Totals | 1191.28 | 1,643,000 | 5,091,000 | 10,105,000 |
*Average of all transactions with Graynic omitted.[#] Highest transaction value
4.2.2.4 Tantalum
The Yandeearra project is located close to the operating Wodgina tantalum (Ta) mine. , and as such there is some potential that similar pegmatite intrusions may be present in this area.
However, it should be noted that no evidence of Ta mineralisation, or similar host rocks to that at Wodgina, has yet been defined for the Yandeearra project, nor has any exploration been conducted specifically targeting Ta within the Yandeearra tenements.
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Given that there is a paucity of Ta transactions due to its ‘specialist metal’ category, the fact that the Wodgina Mine is anomalous to the District (and Australia as a whole), and that the defined resource there is contained within a confined area, valuation of the Ta potential using a value per square kilometre basis would yield a vastly un-proportional result, in comparison to the total Yandeearra project area. As such, valuation of Ta potential using this method is deemed by SRK as inappropriate.
4.2.2.5 Uranium
Results for comparative uranium transactions are summarised in Table 4-7. The correlation of uranium with gold suggests an intrusion-related mineralisation model, although there has only been a very limited number of samples collected (24 rock chip samples) relative to the total size of the tenement holding at Yandeearra. The distribution of sampling for U is restricted within the Yandeearra project area as a whole, with sampling clustered to within an area interpreted to be strongly faulted (Figure 4-2). Given the correlation of U and Au results from the rock chip sampling programme (Table 3-5), and the spatial association with interpreted faults, SRK has restricted the area used for the Yandeearra U valuation to that used in the Au valuation. The total area defined by SRK totals 360 km[2] .
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Figure 4-2: Location of U samples collected at Yandeearra to date
Red dots denote the location of the U samples. Area defined by yellow dotted outline (total area of 360 km[2] ). Stars represent defined prospects. White lines represent Chalice’s fault interpretation for the aeromagnetic data (background).
The transactions identified are based largely on company listings from 2006, although SRK has also reviewed all relevant listings from 2007 and 2008 (Table 4-7). In addition, the majority of transactions are for U exploration assets where an intrusion-related model was not preferred, rather sedimentary-hosted U was the exploration model being employed. Regardless, SRK has had to use the transaction data as the most appropriate valuation benchmark data available.
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The average market value of the exploration tenements from the listing data was A$3,700/km[2] . SRK considers this to be at some point in the valuation range, because following listing, the performance of the share price of a number of exploration companies is significantly different to the listing price. During the period, most of the uranium exploration companies experienced significant increases in price, reflecting the general market perception that there was greater value in the properties than originally suggested by the directors at the time of listing.
To gauge where the listing value was on the valuation range, SRK reviewed the share price performance post-listing, and determined the first plateau in price immediately after listing. This recognition of the first plateau removes the initial buy-sell effect related to immediate opportunistic buying and immediate profit taking by seed investors not bound by escrow, and represents a measure of the true market perception of property value. Of the companies reviewed, there was an average premium to the listing price at the first price plateau of approximately 40% to the listing price.
In determining a valuation range therefore, SRK has set the high end of the range for the uranium assets at the 40% premium price, which was A$5,180/km[2] at the valuation date. The low end of the range for uranium assets at the time is therefore set at the listing average, or A$3,700/km[2] . Results are presented in Table 4-8.
Table 4-7: Summary of Comparable Transactions involving Uranium Exploration Projects in Western Australia
| Projects in Western Australia | |
|---|---|
| Project | Implied Value per km2 (A$) |
| UraniumSA (USA, 18/10/06) hold 17 exploration properties of 7,638 km2located across the Gawler Craton, SA. The company issued 33M shares, and had 35M outstanding shares and options at listing, and approx A$0.5M in cash assets. Options were valued using a Black Scholes model. |
5,424 |
| Mantra Resources Ltd (MRU, 9/10/06), listed with tenements for uranium exploration in Tanzania, approximately 10,300 km2. On listing there were approx 32M shares and 24.15M options on issue. Options listed at about A$0.10. |
1,407 |
| Thor Mining (THR) undertook a dual listing (AIM ASX), part of which was the purchase of uranium assets of Hale Mining for 16M A$0.20 shares and 8.5M options. Using a Black Schole method for valuing the options, this represented a purchase price of A$4.044M. The uranium assets were approximately 3,000 km2in the Northern Territory. |
1,348 |
| Newera Uranium Ltd (NRU, 19/6/06) listed with the issue of 15M shares at a price of A$0.20 dollars = A$3M. Includes 1.2M director shares and 10M shares to Cazaly as payment for some of the tenements. Portfolio of grassroots exploration projects in WA and NT covering 338 blocks (approx. 946 km2) (including applications). |
9,640 |
| Aura Energy Ltd (AEE, 30/5/06), listed with the issue of 25.5M shares at price of A$0.20 dollars = A$5.1M. A further 11M shares were held in the company. Portfolio of grassroots exploration projects in WA only (including Wondinong and Altona projects) covering 1,733 km2(including applications). |
3,786 |
| A-Cap Resources Ltd (ACB, 19/5/06). Although holding uranium interests in Botswana, the float was a multi-commodity float, and details are not available to disengage the uranium value from the nickel and gold assets. |
Outside of Aus, so not used |
| U3O8 Ltd (UTO, 9/5/06) listed with the issue of 25.35M shares at a price of A$0.20 = A$5.07M. At the time, after listing there were 65.6M shares on issue and 2.5M options. Portfolio of grassroots exploration projects in WA, SA and QLD covering 2,243 km2 (including applications). |
5,823 |
| Encounter Resources Ltd (ENR, 24/3/06) listed with the issue of 28.5M shares at a price of A$0.20 for A$5.7M (March 2006). Total shares on issue after listing was 63.4969M. Portfolio of grassroots exploration projects in WA only covering 3,252 km2(including applications). |
3,066 |
| Toro Energy Ltd (TOE, 24/3/06) listed with the issue of 72M shares at a price of A$0.25 raising A$18M (March 2006). Total shares on listing were 145.502M. Toro formed by the amalgamationofthe uranium interests ofOxianaLtd andMinotaur Exploration Ltd |
1,519 |
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| Project |
Implied Value per km2 (A$) |
|---|---|
| encompassing exploration projects in SA covering 26,069 km~~2~~(including applications). | |
| Mega Redport Ltd (Canadian-listed) announced an A$19.7M takeover offer for Hindmarsh Resources Ltd (January 2006). Hindmarsh’s main assets comprised 13,600 km2 exploration tenements in SA and NT. |
1,450 |
Transactions are presented on a Value per Kilometre Basis. Transactions including tenements under application not considered.
Table 4-8: Range of Values for Chalice’s Uranium Exploration Assets on a Value per Square Kilometre Basis
| Project Name/Rights | Area **(km2) ** |
Low Value *(A$/km2) ** |
Average Value **(A$/km2) ** |
High Value **(A$/km2) ** |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,741 | 3,289 | 3,837 | ||
| Yandeearra (100% rights) |
360 | 986,760 | 1,184,040 | 1,381,320 |
| Probability of progressing (50%) | 50% | |||
| Totals | 360 | 493,380 | 592,020 | 690,660 |
Transactions are presented on a Value per Kilometre Basis. * SRK preferred value.
4.3 Geological Risk Valuation
The following Chalice assets were valued by SRK using the Geological Risk Method:
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-
Yandeearra (Au, Fe and Cu)
-
Gnaweeda (Au and Cu)
-
Wilga
SRK developed a series of exploration models and target values appropriate to the deposit style being targeted, as will be further explained below. The deposit styles on which the models are based are presented in (Table 1-1).
4.3.1 Overview of the Geological Risk Method
The basis of valuation is the need for commercial definition of exploration, as exploration does not deliver cash to a mining company and it has no immediate earning potential. Exploration, however, does have the potential to generate value and an expectation of achieving that value.
In the case of exploration, that value is the expected NPV that is to be delivered to the mining division - a threshold or range of NPV that meets the company’s minimum financial criteria, appropriate to the deposit style being explored for. As the term ‘NPV’ implies that a Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) valuation method has been used, SRK chooses to refer to the final value as the ‘Total Value’ (TV). In applying TVs, it is important to consider several factors – targets with large TVs will be difficult to find, so the probabilities of finding such deposits will be lower. Lower target TVs, for example, near-mine resources for mill feed, will have much higher probabilities of success. Similarly in areas of deep cover, TVs can be reduced to account for the increased CAPEX that would be required to develop the project. Once established, the Geological Risk Method works back from this TV value.
The basis for the Geological Risk Method is a simple formula (shown below) that is applied to each exploration stage, starting from the chosen TV value for an operating mine and discounting through the main Exploration Stages backwards from Stage E to the defined current Stage, to give a current value:
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EV = P x TV – C
Where:
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-
EV = Prospect value
-
P = Probability of advancing to next stage. These probabilities were determined on a prospect by prospect basis after review of the previous exploration work undertaken in the area.
-
TV = Target value (NPV of deposit style)
-
C = Cost of exploration
A schematic diagram of the methodology is given in Figure 4-3.
Exploration Stages
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----- Start of picture text -----
A B C D E $
Project Generation Reconnaissance Drill Testing Detailed Resource Definition Feasibility Study Expected Value to be delivered
PA PB PC PD PE to the mining division.
CA=$ CB=$ CC=$ CD=$ CE=$
EVA=$ EVB=$ EVC=$ EVD=$ EVE=$ Expected NPV of target deposit
style
Risk Risk Risk Risk Risk
Geological Investigation Stages Economic Evaluation Stages
EV = P x TV -C EV = Expected Value of Discovery at Stage
P = Probability of success
C = Cost of each stage
TV = Target Value (NPV of deposit style)
----- End of picture text -----
Figure 4-3: Schematic diagram of the Geological Risk Method (after Lord et al., 2001).
4.3.1.1 Target Values
Gold
In determining a value for the Chalice Au exploration projects, the default probability (P) and cost of exploration (C) are both determined from the analysis of comparable historical data regarding greenstone gold deposits from the Laverton region after research in Lord et al., (2001). A table comprising the default probabilities and exploration costs utilised in the Geological Risk Method calculations is located in Appendix 2.
The target value scenario of the Lord et al., (2001) study was based on a 500,000 oz gold target with the TV estimated by the applying the low, medium and high values per ounce figures derived from the comparable market transaction value per in situ ounce analysis.
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SRK notes that the target deposit size for the Chalice projects varies between Yandeearra, Gnaweeda and Wilga (Table 4-9). Target size was allocated after examination and interpretation of historical exploration and discovery results in the region, being a reasonable size for the location and commodity, and representing a modest sized exploration target for a junior exploration company.
The value per ounce for this calculation was determined from research on market transactions in Western Australia, for assets with a similar Au resource base to what is targeted for the Chalice Au projects (Table 4-9). A range of project value per in situ ounce was derived from recent transactions; SRK used the average value as the preferred value per in situ ounce to set a target value for the Chalice projects (Table 4-10).
Table 4-9: Target Sizes used for Chalice’s Gold Exploration Assets
| Project | Target Size (oz Au)* |
Comment |
|---|---|---|
| Yandeearra | 250,000 | Target determined by proximity to the Indee project (400k oz Au), Calvert and Toweranna projects (combined ~130 k oz) and Wingina project (~203k oz Au). Also defined by Chalice |
| Gnaweeda | 250,000 | Target determined by proximity to the Mt Magnet mine (~3.5M oz Au produced). Also defined by Chalice |
| Wilga | 500,000 | Target determined by the Lord et al_.,_(2001) study (same District as the Wilga project), and proximity to the Sunrise/Cleo (7.2Moz Au), Fortitude (437k oz Au) and Red October (380k oz Au) deposits. Also defined by Chalice |
- Inferred category
Table 4-10: Summary of Transactions involving Gold Resource Projects in Western Australia
| Australia | |
|---|---|
| Transaction | Implied Value per In Situ oz (A$) |
| Mt Morgans: In February 2009 Range River Gold signed a conditional sale and purchase agreement with Barrick Gold for A$3.5 million to acquire 100% of the 205,000oz (measured, indicated & inferred). |
17.07 |
| Tuckabianna: Silver Lake Resources did a deal with Extract Resources, paying A$1.2M in July 2007 for a 230,000 oz Resource (category not stated, so assumed Inferred). |
5.22 |
| South Kalgoorlie, Dioro Exploration paid Harmony Gold Mining A$45M in July 2007 for a 1.878M oz Resource (category not stated, so assumed Inferred). NB – includes exploration tenements. |
23.87 |
| Aphrodite: Apex Minerals bought the 287,000oz (Inferred) deposit from Barrick Mining for A$7.0M in May 2007. |
24.39 |
| Kunanalling: Carbine Resources paid Cazaly a consideration worth roughly A$15.3M (when calculated for 100% of the deposit) made up of management fees, Carbine shares and cash. Reported resource is 612,000 oz, primarily Inferred category. |
24.99 |
| Riverina: Monarch Mining paid 15M Monarch shares and 5M options in August 2007 (Monarch share price at this time was approximately A$0.29) for 200,000 oz Indicated and Inferred Resource. |
29.00 |
| Mt Ida: Monarch Mining paid A$2.3M to International Goldfields for 50% share of 54,500 oz Measured Resource and 58,000 Indicated Resource. May2007. |
40.89 |
| RSG valued Norseman for Kalgoorlie- Boulder Resources February 2007. 1,200,000 oz Inferred Resource. (SRK has used RSG’s stated high end value). |
41.57 |
| Average | 26 |
Transactions are presented on a value per in-situ oz basis.
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Iron Ore
SRK has assumed BIF- and channel-hosted iron ore models. In determining a value for the Fe ore potential at Yandeearra, the target values and cost of exploration (C) were adjusted accordingly. For example, probabilities of outlining a deposit may be lower as many iron prospects are outcropping and exploration is less mature than the gold sector. However, the cost to develop iron deposits, particularly capital costs, will be significantly higher, as it is a bulk commodity requiring significant infrastructure.
The assumed value per in situ tonne Fe-ore was determined assuming 58% grade calculation and products within contaminant specifications (~A$0.80/t).
High and low values were calculated assuming a 25% variation. Chalice’s JV partner Atlas Iron has already defined reserves of 7Mt @ 58% Fe at their Trigg deposit to the north of the Yandeearra Project. Their target size by 2009 for that district, as reported on the Atlas website, is 30-40Mt within the Abydos Project. SRK has allocated a similar range in target size for Yandeearra.
Base Metals (Cu)
In determining a value for the Chalice base metals (copper) potential projects, the target values and cost of exploration (C) were adjusted accordingly. For example, probabilities of outlining a deposit may be lower as there are relatively few base metal projects of VHMS affinity defined in Western Australia relative to gold projects, and exploration is less mature than the gold sector.
SRK had difficulty identifying many transactions for Cu projects in Western Australia, and as such extended the search to the Northern Territory, South Australia and New South Wales – known Cu producing States with a more active transaction history for copper projects with a resource/reserve base.
Target size was allocated after examination and interpretation of historical exploration and discovery results in copper producing districts of Australia, being a reasonable size for the location and commodity, and representing a modest sized exploration target for a junior exploration company. SRK has allocated a target size of 7 Mt @ 4% Cu (equivalent), with negligible credits from other commodities which may be associated with such systems. The TV was based on other properties / discoveries in the Pilbara (Sulphur Springs, 13.8Mt @ 3.7% Zn, 1.4% Cu and Kangaroo Caves, 1.7 Mt @ 9.8% Zn 0.6% Cu).
The value per in situ tonne for this calculation was determined from research on market transactions in Australia. A range of project value per in situ tonne was derived from recent transactions.
Table 4-11: Summary of Transactions Involving Copper Resource Projects in Australia
| Australia | |
|---|---|
| Transaction | Implied comparable value per In Situ Tonne (A$) |
| In April, 2009 Nickelore arranged to sell its 90% interest in Mount Pleasant and Bardoc to Kalgoorlie Mining Associates for A$1.3 million in cash. Reserves / resources at the time of the deal were 5,800 t contained Cu ($287/in situ tonne). Cu grade of 4.32% is significantly higher than what it expected for Chalice’s Projects (~2% Cu) therefore the implied value is discounted by 0.5. |
143 |
| In 2008 Argonaut Resources NL sold its 10% interest in the Kanmantoo Copper Mine to Hillgrove Resources Ltd for A$2.5 million in Hillgrove shares. Reserves / resources at the time of the deal were 492,831 t contained Cu. |
507 |
| In August 2005, Sylvania entered into an option agreement with Warwick John Flint over all of the Australian tenements of Sylvania at Jimblebar and Copper Knob. Under the terms ofthe agreement,Flinthad theright to exercise the optionat any time up until 16 |
41 |
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| Transaction | Implied comparable value per In Situ Tonne (A$) |
|---|---|
| August 2005, to acquire Sylvania’s interests in its Australian tenements for the consideration of A$41,900 (A$55,000), and the issuance to Sylvania of fully paid ordinary shares in a listed entity to the value of A$152,000 (A$200,000). |
|
| In January 2003, Straits Resources sold its 50% interest in Maroochydore to Aditya Birla Group for A$10M (A$5M). SRK has applied a market correction factor of 2 to account for the Cu price variation since the date of this transaction (see Figure 4-4). |
26 |
| In November 2003, Asia Multi-Foods & Oils (Australia) Ltd acquired a 100% interest in Jervois from Solbec Pharmaceuticals for A$500,000 in cash and a royalty of A$2/Mt of ore mined and treated to a maximum of A$500,000, for a total purchase price of A$1M (A$570,000). SRK has applied a market correction factor of 2 to account for the Cu price variation since the date of this transaction (see Figure 4-4). |
12 |
| In May 2006, Straits Resources announced its takeover bid for the 41.38% of Tritton Resources for a total transaction value of A$75.7 million (equating to $136/in situ tonne Cu). SRK has applied a market correction factor of 0.5 to account for the Cu price variation since the date of this transaction (see Figure 4-4). |
68 |
| Average* | 58 |
| Transactions are presented on a value per in situ tonne basis. *Omitting the outlying value. |
When charted, the transactions all fell within a reasonable range except for that of the Kanmantoo Copper Mine, which was considerably higher. SRK therefore regarded this transaction as anomalous and did not include it in the average value calculation.
Based on the chart in Figure 4-4, the LME Cu price has declined considerably since the May 2006 Straits Resources transaction occurred, SRK has therefore applied a market correction factor of 0.5 to this transaction. Furthermore, as the Cu price has increased since 2003, a correction factor of 2 was applied to the transactions that occurred in this year.
SRK has therefore used the average value of$58 / tonne as the preferred value and $143/ tonne as the high value for the Chalice projects (Table 4-11).
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Figure 4-4: LME chart of copper prices January 2003 - present in US Dollars
(http://www.lme.co.uk/copper_graphs.asp).
Uranium
The project is relatively immature in terms of U-focussed exploration, and there is a commensurate limited understanding of the geological setting in regards to the intrusion-related U mineralisation
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potential for the Yandeearra project. The limited available data on which to base a geological assessment using the Geological Risk Method, results in low probabilities being assigned to critical geological criteria used in the analysis. With the currently available data, the probabilities will be 0.5 or worse. As such, the value result would likely be zero. For this reason, SRK considers the Geological Risk Method valuation for U inappropriate at this stage of the projects development.
Tantalum
Tantalum is a specialty metal which is only produced as a primary commodity by 2 mines in Australia (Greenbushes and Wodgina), which account for 50% of the global demand. A total of 5 other mines globally account for more than 45% of the residual demand. These deposits are Tanco Mine (Cabot) in Manitoba, Canada, the Kenticha Mine (Ethiopia Mineral Development Enterprise) in Ethiopia, the Yichun Mine in China, and the Pitinga Mine (Paranapanema) and Mibra Mine (Metallurg) in Brazil (Data source: http://www.tanb.org).
As such, Target Values on which to base a Geological Risk Method valuation for Ta, are difficult to establish. Despite this, given the lack of focussed exploration in the Yandeearra tenements for Ta mineralisation, and the lack of identification of potential source intrusive rocks from available aeromagnetic data, the probabilities attributed to successful identification of key criteria required to develop such a deposit, will currently be 0.5 or worse. As such, the value result would likely be zero.
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4.3.1.2 Exploration Progress
In order to determine the relative exploration stage of the project, the following guidelines are used, as described by Lord et al., (2001).
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Stage A Generative - Ground acquisition, project generation
-
Stage B Reconnaissance -Prospect Definition (Mapping and Geochemistry)
-
Stage C Systematic Drill Testing - (RC, DD)
-
Stage D Resource Delineation
-
Stage E Feasibility
-
Mine
The Chalice projects were considered by SRK to be at various stages, across different commodities, as presented in Table 4-12.
Table 4-12: Allocation of Exploration Stage for Chalice Projects
| Project | Commodity | Stage* |
|---|---|---|
| Yandeearra | Gold | B-C (B used) |
| Iron Ore | A | |
| Base Metals (Cu) | A-B (A used) | |
| Uranium# | B | |
| Tantalum# | A | |
| Gnaweeda | Gold | C |
| Base Metals (Cu) | A | |
| Wilga | Gold | B |
*Allocation of stage based on review of provided data.[#] Not estimated
The basis of the Geological Risk Method is the determination of the probability that the project will advance to the next stage of development. The Geological Risk of each project is quantified by assessing features indicating the presence of three key geological success factors: source, pathway and presence of mineralising fluid. Geological elements appropriate to the various geological models within Chalice’s exploration portfolio were developed.
The risk probability is defined by multiplying together these probabilities. Lord et al., (2001) note that “…probability is the factor that most geologists have the most problem choosing. However, geologists deal with probability intuitively every day ”. The Geological Risk Method allows the geological features of the exploration ground being valued to be taken into account.
Key features that can indicate the presence of favourable conditions (e.g. major geological structures) are given probability risk weightings between 0.5 and 1.0 depending on the perceived importance of these features in the geological model being invoked. Conversely, the absence of features favourable to mineralisation (e.g. no rheology contrast) can also be given a low probability weighting between 0.0 and 0.5. The absence of data or knowledge is represented by a probability risk weighting of 0.5. These factors obviously change for each different geological setting and the geological model used by the current explorers.
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An example is shown in Table 4-13 for Archean orogenic lode gold deposits in Australia. Such a model is appropriate to apply, and has been applied, to Chalice’s Au projects in this valuation. This list highlights the degree to which this valuation method relies on the geological model for mineralisation. If an interested party did not agree with the primary model assumed for the region, or was interested in a different commodity, it is possible for them to define different versions of P1 to P3 and re-calculate the probability. This allows specific targeting of a valuation using the same methodology in order to define how much the property is worth to any particular party. The probability factors are determined from analysis of the available geological data in conjunction with the authors’ experience in the geological regions being valued.
The risk probability tables for BIF (Table 4-14) and CID Fe (Table 4-15) and VHMS style deposits (Table 4-16) follow.
Table 4-13: Risk Probability for Archean Lode Gold Mineralisation
| Risk Probability P = P1 x P2 x P3 | Probability Assigned |
|---|---|
| Source | - |
| The source for the area is not well defined or differentiated, and there is extensive evidence of mineralisation in the region. Given that all of the Prospects would have the same value (1) this factor did not influence our calculations. |
|
| P1 Pathway | |
| Veryfavourablegold bearingstructure<3km | 0.9 |
| Moderately favourable gold bearing structure<3km | 0.7 |
| Slightly favourable gold bearing structure <3km | 0.6 |
| Unnamed major structure defined byaeromagnetics | 0.6 |
| Unknown/ no information | 0.5 |
| Structure, but not favourable for gold | 0.3 |
| Evidence of no structure | 0.3 |
| P2 Fluid | |
| Presence of near economic drill intercepts | 0.9 |
| Significant soil anomaly | 0.7 |
| Significant RAB anomaly | 0.7 |
| Moderate soil anomaly | 0.6 |
| Moderate RAB anomaly | 0.6 |
| Unknown/no information | 0.5 |
| No significant anomalies – target tested | 0.2 |
| P3 Trap | |
| Within recognised local structures that host deposits | 0.9 |
| Within recognised local structures (favourable orientation w.r.t. regional structures) | 0.8 |
| Within 2nd/3rd order structures, favourable orientations | 0.7 |
| Evidence for disrupted stratigraphy through faults, folding - within bend or dilatational jog add 0.1 (to above values) |
0.6 |
| Favourable Lithologyand/or Rheologycontrast | 0.6 to 0.7 |
| Unknown/no information | 0.5 |
| Lies outside 2nd/3rd order structures | 0.3 to 0.4 |
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Table 4-14: Risk Probability table for BIF Fe
| Table 4-14: Risk Probability table for BIF Fe | |
|---|---|
| Risk Probability P = P1 x P2 x P3 | Probability Assigned |
| P1 Presence of BIF’s | |
| Extensive BIF outcrop geologicallymapped | 0.8 |
| Extensive BIF occurrences inferred from aeromagnetics. | 0.7 |
| Minor BIF occurrences inferred from aeromagnetics/ground-truthing. | 0.6 |
| Unknown/No information | 0.5 |
| Evidence of no BIF’s | 0.2 |
| P2 Pathway | |
| Very favourable structure<3km | 0.9 |
| Moderatelyfavourable structure<3km | 0.7 |
| Slightlyfavourable structure <3km | 0.6 |
| Unnamed major structure defined by aeromagnetics | 0.6 |
| Unknown/ no information | 0.5 |
| Evidence of no structure | 0.3 |
| P2 Fluid | |
| Presence of near economic drill intercepts | 0.9 |
| Significant soil anomaly/rock chip | 0.7 |
| Significant RAB anomaly | 0.7 |
| Moderate soil anomaly/rock chip | 0.6 |
| Moderate RAB anomaly | 0.6 |
| Unknown/no information | 0.5 |
| No significant anomalies – target tested | 0.2 |
Table 4-15: CID Fe ore Probability table
| Table 4-15: CID Fe ore Probability table | |
|---|---|
| Risk Probability P = P1 x P2 x P3 | Probability Assigned |
| P1 Presence of high Fe BIF Source Rocks | |
| Extensive BIF outcrop geologicallymapped | 0.8 |
| Extensive BIF occurrences inferred from aeromagnetics. | 0.7 |
| Minor BIF occurrences inferred from aeromagnetics/ground-truthing. | 0.6 |
| Unknown/No information | 0.5 |
| Evidence of no BIF’s | 0.2 |
| P2 Presence of palaeo-drainage channels of an adequate size to host economic mineralisation |
|
| Significantly sized palaeo-drainage channel | 0.8 |
| Moderately sized palaeo-drainage channel | 0.7 |
| Small sizedpalaeo-drainage channels | 0.6 |
| Unknown/ no information | 0.5 |
| Evidence of no palaeo-drainage channels. | 0.2 |
| P3 Presence of CID Trap | |
| Presence of near economic drill intercepts | 0.8 |
| Significant drilling anomaly / surface exposed CID’s | 0.7 |
| Moderate drill anomaly or rock chip anomaly | 0.6 |
| Unknown/no information | 0.5 |
| Evidence of no CID’s | 0.2 |
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Table 4-16: VHMS Risk Probability Table
| Table 4-16: VHMS Risk Probability Table | |
|---|---|
| Risk Probability P = P1 x P2 x P3 | Probability Assigned |
| P1 Presence of structure | |
| Major structure defined byaeromagnetics | 1.0 |
| Minor structure defined by aeromagnetics | 0.7 |
| Possible structures defined by aeromagnetics | 0.6 |
| Unknown/no information | 0.5 |
| Evidence of no structure | 0.3 |
| P2 Evidence of site to host large deposit | |
| Spatially extensive altered volcano-sedimentary rocks | 0.8 |
| Altered and sulphidised volcano-sedimentaryrocks | 0.7 |
| Volcanic basement and favourable cover sequence | 0.6 |
| Unknown/no information | 0.5 |
| No evidence of alteration or felsic through mafic volcanic basement | 0.3 |
| P3 Presence of potential fluid source or evidence of Cu-bearing fluid | |
| Presence of near economic drill intercept | 0.9 |
| Presence of sulphides | 0.8 |
| Alteration zoning in volcanics/sediments | 0.7 |
| Significant anomaly | 0.6 |
| Unknown/no information | 0.5 |
| Evidence of lack of Cu-bearing fluid | 0.2 |
In the case where multiple criteria relate to one critical success factor, the highest probability is assigned for the calculation. It is obvious that many of these factors remain subjective, so in order for the process to remain transparent, all probabilities are published in conjunction with the final valuation figures. This enables re-calculation of the final values if geological opinion differs substantially from that assumed by the original valuer. Risk probabilities used in this study are summarised in Table 4-17 to Table 4-19.
Table 4-17: Risk Probability Table for Chalice’s Au Projects
| Project | P1 (Pathway) |
P2 (Fluid) |
P3 (Trap) |
Probability |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yandeearra* | ||||
| Area A | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.252 |
| Area B | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.252 |
| Area C | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.125 |
| Gnaweeda | ||||
| Turnberry – St Annes | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.336 |
| Mistletoe | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.18 |
| Bunarra | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.18 |
| Wilga | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.216 |
*Areas as defined in Figure 3-7
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Table 4-18: Risk probability table for Chalice’s Fe ore Projects
| Project | P1 (Pathway) |
P2 (Fluid) | P3 (Trap) | Probability |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yandeearra (BIF) | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.125 |
| Yandeearra (CID) | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.125 |
Table 4-19: Risk Probability Table for Chalice’s Base Metals (Cu) Projects
| Project | P1 (Presence of Structure) |
P2 (Evidence of site to host large ore deposit) |
P3 (Evidence of Cu-bearing fluid) |
Probability |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yandeearra | ||||
| Area A | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.125 |
| Area B | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.125 |
| Area C | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.125 |
| Gnaweeda | ||||
| Turnberry – St Annes | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.125 |
| Mistletoe | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.125 |
| Bunarra | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.125 |
For the later theoretical stages of exploration for any project, historical data is examined in order to determine the probability of moving from one exploration stage to the next. This is dependent on the known history of exploration and mining in the region.
SRK believes that it is possible in many circumstances to apply values obtained from one geological setting where there has been a great deal of exploration to other similar geological settings. The default probabilities used by SRK in the valuation of the Chalice projects are based on the Lord et al. (2001), study of the Laverton district. Lord et al., (2001) reviewed gold exploration over the previous 13 years, and tracked the progress of 290 exploration prospects, from the generative stage through to the decision to mine. From this study, at each stage of the exploration process a probability was determined for the prospect advancing to the next stage. The results of the SRK valuation of the Chalice exploration assets are given in Table 4-20 to Table 4-22.
The results from the Geological Risk Method should be checked against at least one other valuation method. It is very important that the models assumed in the Geological Risk Method are calibrated to the real world, for example, by using recent comparable transactions. The comparison of the three valuation methods used by SRK to value the exploration assets of Chalice (Geological Risk, Comparable Transaction and JV Terms), are shown below (Table 4-23).
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Table 4-20: Results of SRK Geological Risk Valuation of the Chalice’s Au Projects
| Project | Low (A$) |
Intermediate (A$) |
High (A$) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yandeearra | 0 | 1,295,000 | 2,323,000 |
| Gnaweeda | 0 | 860,000 | 1,521,000 |
| Wilga | 0 | 428,000 | 784,000 |
| Totals: | 0 | 2,583,000 | 4,628,000 |
Note that calculations account for Chalice’s percentage ownership.
Table 4-21: Results of SRK Geological Risk valuation of Chalice’s Fe ore Project
| Project | Low (A$) |
Intermediate (A$) |
High (A$) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yandeearra(BIF) | 0 | 46,500 | 115,200 |
| Yandeearra(CID) | 0 | 46,500 | 115,200 |
| Totals*: | 0 | 46,500 | 115,200 |
*** Neither Chalice or Atlas have published the deposit model of interest for the JV area. Either iron ore model is valid, so the total value attributed is based on using only one model type, not summing up the value for both.**
Table 4-22: Results of SRK Geological Risk Valuation of Chalice’s Base Metals (Cu) Projects
| Project | Low (A$) |
Intermediate (A$) |
High (A$) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yandeearra | 0 | 115,000 | 940,000 |
| Gnaweeda | 0 | 170,000 | 730,000 |
| Totals | 0 | 285,000 | 1,670,000 |
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Table 4-23: Comparison between Valuation Methods for Chalice Projects
| Project Name | Valuation Method | Low (A$) |
Intermediate (A$) |
High (A$) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yandeearra (Au) | ||||
| Per Square Kilometre | 364,000 | 2,524,000 | 4,000,000 | |
| Geological Risk Method | 0 | 1,295,000 | 2,323,000 | |
| JV Agreement1*(60%) | 1,636,000 (980,000) | |||
| Yandeearra (CID & BIF Fe Ore) | ||||
| Per Square Kilometre | Not Estimated | |||
| Geological Risk Method | 0 | 46,500 | 115,000 | |
| JV Agreement | 725,000 | |||
| Yandeearra (Cu) | ||||
| Per Square Kilometre | 1,405,000 | 4,355,000 | 8,644,000 | |
| Geological Risk Method | 0 | 115,000 | 940,000 | |
| JV Agreement1*(40%) | 1,636,000 (650,000) | |||
| Yandeearra (U) | ||||
| Per Square Kilometre | Not Estimated | |||
| Geological Risk Method | Not Estimated | |||
| Gnaweeda (Au) | ||||
| Per Square Kilometre | 85,000 | 592,000 | 938,000 | |
| Geological Risk Method | 0 | 860,000 | 1,521,000 | |
| JV Agreement2 | 1,800,000 | |||
| Gnaweeda (Cu) | ||||
| Per Square Kilometre | 238,000 | 736,000 | 1,461,000 | |
| Geological Risk Method | 0 | 170,000 | 730,000 | |
| Wilga | ||||
| Per Square Kilometre | 12,000 | 84,000 | 133,000 | |
| Geological Risk Method | 0 | 428,000 | 784,000 | |
| JV Agreement2 |
755,555 |
~~1~~ Au and Base Metals ~~2~~ Au only * 60-40 (in brackets) split between Au and base metals
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5 Summary and Conclusions
In summary, SRK has used three different methods for valuing the exploration assets held by Chalice. The results do not show that any particular method generates consistently higher or lower valuations. The results from all methods fall within an acceptable valuation range, perhaps with the exception of Yandeearra Cu, for which the Square Kilometre Method gives high values (Table 4-23).
5.1 Yandeearra
5.1.1 Gold
The implied value of the governing JV agreement for Au and base metals at Yandeearra, is used as the low end value estimate. As the JV covers both gold and base metals, and given the demonstrable Au production in the district, SRK has allocated a 60-40% split to the implied value of the JV between the Au and base metals. The final value ranges are presented in Table 5-1. The high end is the intermediate Geological Risk Method value. Because of the large size of the Yandeearra Project, the high end value calculated with the per square kilometre method is not considered appropriate by SRK.
5.1.2 Fe Ore
As Atlas has undertaken little exploration within the Project area, the values estimated using the Geological Risk Method are relatively low. Resultantly, SRK has used the high value calculated from the Geological Risk Method as the low end value, and the implied value of the governing joint venture agreement as the high value.
5.1.3 Copper
Copper is not Chalice’s commodity of focus, and has therefore not been as routinely sampled as Au at Yandeearra. As such, current exploration results yield little information for Cu potential, which negatively impacts the probabilities used for the Geological Risk Method, and result in lower value ranges, of which the intermediate is used as the low end of the valuation range. However, the area does contain know Cu mineralisation, and SRK has chosen to account for this by using the allocated 60-40% split to the implied value of the JV between the Au and base metals as the high end of the valuation range. Because of the large size of the Yandeearra Project, values calculated utilising the per square kilometre method are not considered appropriate by SRK. The final value ranges are presented in Table 5-1.
5.1.4 Uranium
Only one method of valuation was deemed suitable for U. SRK’s substantial in-house database for uranium transactions over the past four years was used to determine a value for the current U potential of Yandeearra Project. However, no transactions were representative of the early stage of exploration. This coupled with the poor reconnaissance sampling results indicates that Yandeearra is too early in the U exploration phase to attribute a value for U potential. As such, SRK has not allocated a value for U at Yandeearra.
5.1.5 Tantalum
The potential for Ta mineralisation is yet to be established at Yandeearra by a Ta-focussed exploration program, and so application of the Geological Risk Method valuation is inappropriate, as there is no data on which to base an analysis. In addition, given the ‘specialty metal’ category for Ta, no early-stage exploration transactions could be found for comparative analysis. Partly based on advice from Chalice, who consider the Ta potential extremely low (and as such have not
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budgeted exploration for Ta over the life of the Yandeearra Project), a value for Ta has not been estimated.
5.2 Gnaweeda
5.2.1 Gold
The Project is still being actively explored primarily for Au, and yielding good results. The JV implied value has therefore not been fully realised when in comparison to the intermediate value defined by the Geological Risk Method and comparative transactions. As such, SRK has allocated the implied JV value as an upper range estimate of value and the Geological Risk Method as the lower end of the valuation range. The final value ranges are presented in Table 5-1.
5.2.2 Copper
As for U and Ta at Yandeearra, Cu is not a commodity of focus for Chalice at Gnaweeda. No sampling for Cu has been undertaken by Chalice, only historic exploration reports indicate its potential. As such, SRK has allocated the lowest value from the per square kilometre calculations as the high end of the valuation range and the intermediate value from the Geological Risk Method as the low end of the range. Similarly to the Yandeearra Project, the high per square kilometre value is not considered appropriate by SRK. The final value ranges are presented in Table 5-1.
5.3 Wilga
5.3.1 Gold
The Wilga Project is probably the most advanced in Chalice’s portfolio, and represents a high potential early stage exploration play. The implied value of the JV agreement is significantly higher than values estimated using the per square kilometre technique and is similar to the high end Geological Risk Method value. For the purposes of estimating the Projects current value range, SRK has used the JV implied value, and the intermediate value estimated using the Geological Risk Method. The final value ranges are presented in Table 5-1.
It is SRK’s opinion that the exploration assets, which are the subject of this review, should be valued between A$2.7M and A$5.5M, with an SRK preferred value of A$3.5M.
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Table 5-1: SRK’s Estimate of the Value Range for the Yandeearra, Gnaweeda and Wilga Projects
| Area | Unit | Low (A$) |
Preferred (A$) |
High (A$) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yandeearra | Au | 980,000 | 1,000,000 | 1,300,000 |
| Fe (BIF OR CID) |
115,000 | 420,000 | 725,000 | |
| Cu | 115,000 | 290,000 | 650,000 | |
| U | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Ta | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Sub-total | 1,210,000 | 1,710,000 | 2,675,000 | |
| Gnaweeda | Au | 860,000 | 1,000,000 | 1,800,000 |
| Cu | 170,000 | 190,000 | 240,000 | |
| Sub-total | 1,030,000 | 1,190,000 | 2,040,000 | |
| Wilga | Au | 430,000 | 600,000 | 750,000 |
| Total | 2,670,000 | 3,500,000 | 5,465,000 |
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6 References
Alexander, B, 2007: Wilga Well project annual technical Report for E39/1003 for the Period 23/09/06 to 22/09/07. Unpublished company report.
-
Allen, G, 2006: Wilga Well project Annual Technical Report for E39/1003 for the Period 23/09/05 to 22/09/06.
-
Bunting, JA, and McIntyre, JR, 2003: Gnaweeda Project Annual Technical Report on Exploration Licences 51/926 and 51/927 for the period 31.07.02 to 30.07.03. Helix Resources Ltd company Report September 2003.
-
Cary, R. 2006. Independent Geologist’s Report. Section on Wilga Well. Chalice Gold Mines Ltd Prospectus.
Chalice Gold Mines Ltd, 2006a: Quarterly Report to 31 March 2006.
Chalice Gold Mines Ltd, 2006b: Quarterly Report to 30 June 2006.
Chalice Gold Mines Ltd, 2006c: Quarterly Report to 30 September 2006.
Chalice Gold Mines Ltd, 2006d: Quarterly Report to 31 December 2006.
Chalice Gold Mines Ltd, 2007a: Quarterly Report to 31 March 2007.
Chalice Gold Mines Ltd, 2007b: Quarterly Report to 30 June 2007.
Chalice Gold Mines Ltd, 2007c: Quarterly Report to 30 September 2007. Chalice Gold Mines Ltd, 2007d: Quarterly Report to 31 December 2007.
Chalice Gold Mines Ltd, 2008a: Quarterly Report to 31 March 2008.
Chalice Gold Mines Ltd, 2008b: Quarterly Report to 30 June 2008.
Chalice, 2009. Chalice Gold Mines Limited Quarterly Report for the period ending March 2009. 11pp.
De Grey Mining Ltd, 2008a: Exploration results generate new exploration targets at Yandeyarra Joint Venture project. ASX/media release, April 9[th] , 2008.
-
De Grey Mining Ltd, 2008b: High grade gold and copper results define further targets at Yandeyarra. ASX media release, April 21st 2008.
-
De Grey Mining Ltd, 2008c: Turner River Gold - Wingina Well Resource. De Grey website; http://www.degreymining.com.au/turnerriver_wingina.asp
De Grey, 2008d. De Grey Mining Ltd Quarterly Report for months ending 31 December. 9 pp.
-
Delta Gold NL., 1987: Wilga Area Gold Prospects. Mount Margaret Mineral Field. Western Australia. E39/38 and E39/51. September 1987.
-
Lord, D, Etheridge, M, Wilson, M, Hall, G and Uttley, P, 2001. Measuring Exploration Success: An alternate to the discovery-cost-per-ounce method of quantifying exploration effectiveness. In Society of Economic Geologists Newsletter Number 45, April 2001.
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McIntyre, JR, 2005a: Gnaweeda Project Information Memorandum. January 2005.
-
McIntyre, JR, 2005b: Gnaweeda Project Annual Technical Report on Exploration Licences 51/926 and 51/927 for the period 31.07.04 to 30.07.05. Bullion Minerals company Report August 19th 2005.
-
MEG database, 2007. Metals Economics Group Database (SRK subscribe to this internet database service).
Mining Journal, 2007: Mining Journal special publication Tantalum. November 2007.
Randabel, J., 2007: Chalice Gold Mine Ltd – Yandeearra Project Memorandum. May 10[th] , 2007
-
Range River Gold, 2008: Quarterly production Report and update. ASX and media release, July 14[th] , 2008.
-
Smithies, R.H. and Farrell, T.R., 2000: Geology of the Satirist 1:100000 Sheet. Western Australia Geological Survey, 1:100000 Geological Series Explanatory Notes.
SRK, 2008. Technical Valuation of the Yandeearra, Gnaweeda, and Wilga Exploration Assets of Chalice Gold Mines Ltd. SRK Report (unpublished).
-
Teck Cominco, 2006: Combined annual Report C46/2005 Gnaweeda Project E51/926 and E51/927. Teck Cominco company Report 31st July 2005 – 30th July 2006.
-
Tillick, D, 2007a: Annual Report for period 17.02.2006 to 16/02/2007, E51/1027, Gnaweeda Project, Glengarry Sheet SG50-12 (Gabanintha 2644). Teck Cominco company Report April 2007.
-
Tillick, D, 2007b: Gnaweeda Quarterly (March ’07) Memorandum. Teck Cominco company Report. March 2007.
-
Tillick, D, 2007c: Gnaweeda Quarterly (June ’07) Memorandum. Teck Cominco company Report. June 2007.
-
Tillick, D, 2007d: Gnaweeda Quarterly (December ’07) Memorandum. Teck Cominco company Report. December 2007.
-
Venables, T, 2007: Report on field work carried out for Chalice Gold at the Yandeearra Project, Pilbara Region, Western Australia. November 7[th] , 2007.
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Appendices
Appendices
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Appendix 1
Appendix 1: BDO Kendalls’ Instruction Letter to SRK
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Appendix 1-1
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Appendix 2
Appendix 2: Costs and Default Probabilities Utilised in Geological Risk Method Calculations
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Appendix 2-1
| Stage | Probability of advancing from previous stage (Default values – based on detailed study by Lord et al., (2001)) |
Cost to move from one stage to the next | Cost to move from one stage to the next | Cost to move from one stage to the next | Cost to move from one stage to the next | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yandeearra Au/Cu (A$) |
Yandeearra Fe (A$) |
Gnaweeda Au/Cu (A$) |
Wilga (A$) |
|||
| A to B | Ground Acquisition, Project Generation |
0.54 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 | 10,000 |
| B to C | Prospect Definition (Mapping, Geochemistry, Geophysics) |
0.17 | 70,000 | 500,000 | 70,000 | 70,000 |
| C to D | Drill Testing (Systematic, RC, Diamond more detailed geophysics) |
0.58 | 230,000 | 7,000,000 | 230,000 | 230,000 |
| D to E | Resource Delineation | 0.87 | 460,000 | 22,000,000 | 460,000 | 460,000 |
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SRK Report Distribution Record
| Ref: Copy No: Date: |
BDO001 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Electronic | |||
| 29 May 2009 | |||
| Name/Title | Company | Copy # | |
| Mike Griffiths | Sub-Sahara Resources | 1 | |
| Peter Gray | BDO Kendalls | 2 | |
| Sherif Andrawes | BDO Kendalls | 3 | |
| Approval Signature: | |||
This document is protected by copyright vested in SRK. It may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means whatsoever to any person without the written permission of the copyright holder, SRK.
| Rev No. | Date | Revised By | Revision Details |
|---|---|---|---|
| RevA | 8 May 2009 | KB | Report Writing |
| RevB | 11 May 2009 | R Dickson | Formatting Review |
| RevC | 11 May 2009 | Deb Lord | Peer Review of revised report |
| Rev 0 | 11 May 2009 | Louis Bucci | Distribution of report to BDO and Subsahara Resources |
| Rev 1 | 13 May 2009 | Kate Bassano | Minor correction and re-distribution to BDO and Subsahara Resources |
| Rev 2 | 22 May 2009 | Kate Bassano | Additon of Deborah Lord’s electronic signature. |
| Rev 3 | 29 May 2009 | Kate Bassano | Ammendments as per Tony Kiernan’s requests |
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KB/rd/DL
May 2009
APPENDIX 10
SUBSAHARA RESOURCES NL ACN 061 104 158
NOTICE OF MEETING
SCHEME MEETING
TO: The holders of the Scheme Shares
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that, pursuant to an order of the Supreme Court of Western Australia made on 18 June 2009, a meeting of the holders of the Scheme Shares (the " Scheme Meeting ") will be held at the Holiday Inn City Centre, 788 Hay Street, Perth, Western Australia 6000 on 4 August 2009 at 10:00am for the purpose of considering and, if thought fit, agreeing (with or without modification) to the proposed Scheme of Arrangement between Sub‐Sahara Resources NL and the holders of Scheme Shares.
In accordance with section 412(1) of the Corporations Act, a copy of the proposed Scheme of Arrangement and a copy of the Scheme Booklet in relation to the Scheme of Arrangement accompany this Notice.
By the order referred to above, the Court has directed that Barry Colin Bolitho or, failing him, Neil Christian Fearis to act as Chairman of the Scheme Meeting.
The Scheme of Arrangement is subject to subsequent approval by the Court.
Words and expressions defined in and for the purpose of the Scheme of Arrangement have the same meanings where used in this Notice.
DATED : 3 July 2009.
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Ernest Anthony Myers Company Secretary
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SUBSAHARA RESOURCES NL (ACN 061 104 158)
PROXY FORM SCHEME MEETING
I/We,.............................................................................................................................................
of ..................................................................................................... being a holder/holders of
Scheme Shares hereby appoint ...............................……………………… of
.......................................................................................................................
-
(or failing him) the Chairman of the Meeting as my/our proxy to vote for me/us and on my/our behalf at the meeting of holders of Scheme Shares convened pursuant to an order of the Supreme Court of Western Australia made on 18 June 2009 for the purpose of considering and, if thought fit, agreeing to the proposed Scheme of Arrangement between Sub‐Sahara Resources NL and the holders of Scheme Shares, such meeting to be held on 4 August 2009 at 10:00am, and at any meeting held subsequent and pursuant to an adjournment of that meeting.
-
This form is to be used in accordance with the directions below. Unless the proxy is directed, he may vote as he thinks fit.
-
Words and expressions defined in and for the purposes of the Scheme of Arrangement have the same meanings where used in this form.
Approve the Scheme of Arrangement
For:
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----- Start of picture text -----
Against:
----- End of picture text -----
Instructions :
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To direct the appointee to cast all votes covered by this instrument in a particular manner, place a sufficient indication (including, without limitation, a tick √ or a cross X ) in the relevant box.
-
To direct the appointee to cast some only of the votes covered by this instrument in a particular manner, place in the relevant box either the number of votes to be cast in that manner or the percentage of the total votes covered by this instrument.
-
A holder of Scheme Shares entitled to attend and vote at the Scheme Meeting is entitled to appoint not more than two proxies to attend and, on a poll, to vote in his stead.
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Where two proxies are appointed, neither proxy shall be entitled to vote on a show of hands and, on a poll, the appointment shall be of no effect unless each proxy is appointed to represent a specified proportion of the holder's voting rights.
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A proxy need not himself be a holder of Scheme Shares.
199
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The Proxy Form must be signed by the holder or his attorney duly authorised in writing (or, if the holder is a corporation, either under the common seal of that corporation or under the hand of an officer or attorney of the corporation duly authorised in writing).
-
The Proxy Form (and any power of attorney or other authority pursuant to which the Proxy Form has been signed) must be deposited at the registered office of the Company not later than 48 hours before the time fixed for the holding of the Scheme Meeting.
Dated: ..................................... 2009
Signed ..............................................
INDIVIDUAL /DIRECTOR
Signed ..............................................
INDIVIDUAL /DIRECTOR /SECRETARY
200
SubSahara Resources NL
288 Stirling Street Perth, Western Australia 6000 PO Box 8260 Perth Business Centre Western Australia 6849
T: +61 8 9227 3260 F: +61 8 9227 3271 E: [email protected] W: www. subsahara.com.au