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Central Re Annual Report 2016

Dec 28, 2016

52207_rns_2016-12-28_0795790e-ce28-4eeb-8d18-40de17464ffc.pdf

Annual Report

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CENTRAL REINSURANCE CORPORATION BALANCE SHEETS

(Expressed in thousands of New Taiwan dollars)

December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
ASSETS Notes AMOUNT % AMOUNT %
11000 Cash and cash equivalents 6(1) \$ 15,588,709 47 \$ 16,461,567 50
12000 Accounts receivable 6(2) 116,044 - 248,065 1
12600 Current income tax assets - - 69,977 -
14110 Financial assets at fair value 6(3)
through profit or loss 773,557 2 537,573 2
14120 Available-for-sale financial assets 6(4) 6,004,823 18 3,802,122 11
14160 Investments in debt instrument 6(5)
without active market 4,720,927 14 5,478,882 17
14170 Held-to-maturity financial assets 6(6) 748,490 2 - -
14180 Other financial assets 6(7) 206,259 1 1,422,932 4
14200 Investment property, net 6(9) 454,638 1 456,730 1
15000 Reinsurance contract assets 6(10) 3,624,254 11 3,455,783 10
16000 Property and equipment, net 6(13) 208,193 1 213,444 1
17000 Intangible assets 2,480 - 3,786 -
17800 Deferred income tax assets 6(19) 61,140 - 28,124 -
18000 Other assets 1,078,718 3 1,086,086 3
TOTAL ASSETS \$ 33,588,232 100 \$ 33,265,071 100
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
21000 Accounts payable 6(14) \$ 317,140 1 \$ 425,192 2
21700 Current income tax liabilities 81,327 - 68,011 -
23200 Financial liabilities at fair value 6(3)
through profit or loss 25,879 - 31,549 -
24000 Insurance liabilities 6(10) 23,594,638 71 23,279,625 70
27000 Provisions 6(15) 3,142 - 8,015 -
28000 Deferred income tax liabilities 6(19) 41,555 - 76,186 -
25000 Other liabilities 25,342 - 27,012 -
TOTAL LIABILITIES 24,089,023 72 23,915,590 72
30000 EQUITY
31000 Capital
31100 Common stock 6(16) 5,622,750 17 5,622,750 17
32000 Capital reserve 300,000 1 300,000 1
33000 Retained earnings
33100 Legal reserve 1,601,584 5 1,448,411 4
33200 Special reserve 6(18) 1,434,161 4 1,194,523 4
33300 Undistributed earnings 6(19) 798,710 2 816,086 2
34000 Other equity interest ( 257,996)
(		 1) ( 32,289) -
TOTAL EQUITY 9,499,209 28 9,349,481 28
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND
EQUITY \$ 33,588,232 100 \$ 33,265,071 100

CENTRAL REINSURANCE CORPORATION STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Expressed in thousands of New Taiwan dollars, except for earnings per share)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --
Years ended December 31 Changes
2016 2015 Percentage
Items Notes AMOUNT % AMOUNT % (%)
41000 Operating revenues
41100 Gross premiums written \$ 14,041,751 105 \$ 14,194,290 101 ( 1)
51100 Less: Reinsurance premiums ( 908,830) ( 7) ( 914,406) ( 6) ( 1)
ceded
51310 Net change in unearned ( 143,534) ( 1) 60,933 - ( 336)
41130 premium reserve
Retention earned premiums		 12,989,387 97 13,340,817 95 ( 3)
41300 Reinsurance commission revenue 267,732 2 286,205 2 ( 6)
41400 Overriding commission revenue 12,758 - 13,831 - ( 8)
41500 Net gain from investment
41510 Interest income 290,349 2 357,752 3 ( 19)
41521 Gain or loss on valuation of 6(3)
financial assets or financial
liabilities at fair value through
profit or loss 62,291 1 ( 311,821) ( 2) ( 120)
41522 Realized gain or loss on
available-for-sale financial
assets 56,570 - 189,118 1 ( 70)
41524 Realized gain or loss on
investments in debt instrument
without active market		 4,695 - 19,323 - ( 76)
41550 Foreign exchange gain or loss ( 261,249) ( 2) 142,070 1 ( 284)
41570 Gain on investment property 6(9) 18,763 - 19,719 - ( 5)
Total net gain from
investment 171,419 1 416,161 3 ( 59)
41800 Other operating revenues 2,799 - 10,996 - ( 75)
Total operating revenues 13,444,095 100 14,068,010 100 ( 4)
51000 Operating costs
51200 Reinsurance claims paid ( 8,311,054) ( 62) ( 9,179,765) ( 65) ( 9)
41200 Less: Reinsurance claims
recovery 437,881 3 429,175 3 2
51260 Retention reinsurance claims
paid ( 7,873,173) ( 59) ( 8,750,590) ( 62) ( 10)
51300 Net changes in other insurance ( 115,550) ( 1) 324,113 2 ( 136)
51500 liabilities
Reinsurance commission
expenses ( 4,231,380) ( 31) ( 4,321,737) ( 31) ( 2)
51800 Other operating costs ( 45) - ( 762) - ( 94)
Total operating costs ( 12,220,148) ( 91) ( 12,748,976) ( 91) ( 4)
58000 Operating expenses
58100 Selling expenses ( 193,798) ( 1) ( 215,630) ( 1) ( 10)
58200 Administration expenses ( 114,901) ( 1) ( 118,299) ( 1) ( 3)
58300 Training expenses ( 1,337) - ( 1,499) - ( 11)
Total operating expenses ( 310,036) ( 2) ( 335,428) ( 2) ( 8)
Net operating income 913,911 7 983,606 7 ( 7)
59000 Non-operating income and expenses ( 1,190) - ( 1,790) - ( 34)
62000 Income from continuing
operations before tax 912,721 7 981,816 7 ( 7)
63000 Income tax expense 6(19) ( 146,931) ( 1) ( 215,951) ( 2) ( 32)
64000 Income from continuing 765,790 6 765,865 5 -
operations after tax 765,790 6 765,865 5 -
66000 Net income

(Continued)

CENTRAL REINSURANCE CORPORATION STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Expressed in thousands of New Taiwan dollars, except for earnings per share)

Years ended December 31
2016 2015 Percentage
Items AMOUNT % AMOUNT % (%)
83000 Other comprehensive income
83100 Items may not be reclassified to
profit or loss subsequently
83110 The remeasurements of defined 6(15)
benefit plans \$ 3,901 - ( \$ 2,429) - ( 261)
83180 Income tax relating to the items 6(15)(19)
may not be reclassified to profit
or loss subsequently ( 663) - 413 - ( 261)
83200 Items may be reclassified to
profit or loss subsequently
83210 Exchange differences on
translation of foreign financial
statements ( 11,034) - - - -
83220 Unrealized loss on available 6(4)
for-sale financial assets ( 243,043) ( 2) ( 217,755) ( 1) 12
83280 Income tax relating to the items 6(4)(19)
may be reclassified to profit or
loss subsequently 28,370 - 21,201 - 34
Total other comprehensive loss for
the year (after tax) ( 222,469) ( 2) ( 198,570) ( 1) 12
85000 Total comprehensive income for
the year \$ 543,321 4
\$		 567,295 4 ( 4)
Earnings per share
97500 Basic and Diluted (in NT
dollars) \$ 1.36
\$		 1.36

CENTRAL REINSURANCE CORPORATION STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (Expressed in thousands of New Taiwan dollars, except as otherwise indicated)

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Note: Employees' compensation of \$6,741 and \$7,141, and directors' remuneration of \$2,700 and \$2,878 for 2015 and 2014, respectively, have been deducted from the statement of comprehensive income.

CENTRAL REINSURANCE CORPORATION STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Expressed in thousands of New Taiwan dollars)

Years ended December 31
2016 2015
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Profit before tax \$ 912,721 \$ 981,816
Adjustments
Adjustments to reconcile profit (loss)
Depreciation 8,999 8,998
Amortization 1,601 1,572
Net change in reserves 260,783 ( 367,562
)
Net loss on financial assets and liabilities at fair value through
profit or loss 9,441 73,026
Net gain or loss on available-for-sale financial assets 49,340 ( 118,922
)
Net gain on investments in debt instruments without active market ( 4,695
)		 ( 19,323
)
Interest income
Dividend income		 (
(		 305,862
)
112,274
)		 (
(		 374,593
)
70,570
Unrealized foreign exchange gain or loss 245,009 ( )
44,958
)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities
Changes in operating assets
Accounts receivable 113,264 168,609
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss ( 251,521
)		 304,641
Reinsurance contract assets ( 114,241
)		 386,536
Other assets 27,753 ( 40,389
)
Changes in operating liabilities
Accounts payable ( 108,052
)		 ( 152,714
)
Provisions ( 972
)		 ( 192
)
Other liabilities ( 1,670
)		 ( 17,199
)
Cash inflow generated from operations 729,624 718,776
Interest received 356,852 368,714
Dividend received 112,207 71,259
Income tax paid ( 103,578
)		 ( 171,904
)
Net cash flows from operating activities 1,095,105 986,845
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Acquisition of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss		 ( 35,000
)		 ( 18,050
Proceeds from disposal of financial assets at fair value through profit or )
loss 35,426 17,180
Acquisition of available-for-sale financial assets ( 16,654,882
)		 ( 18,165,232
)
Proceeds from disposal of available-for-sale financial assets 14,577,694 19,086,734
Acquisition of investments in debt instruments without active market ( 1,112,658
)		 ( 2,838,055
)
Proceeds from disposal of investments in debt instrument without active
market		 300,291 -
Proceeds from repayments of investments in debt instruments without
active market
Acquisition of held-to-maturity financial assets		 ( 1,339,902
1,706,721
)		 540,933
-
Proceeds from repayments of held-to-maturity financial assets 500,000 -
Acquisition of property and equipment ( 1,176
)		 ( 5,084
)
Acquisition of intangible assets ( 295
)		 ( 3,827
)
Acquisition of investment property ( 480
)		 ( 289
)
Decrease (increase) in other financial assets 1,216,673 ( 898,636
)
Net cash flows used in investing activities ( 1,541,226
)		 ( 2,284,326
)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITY
Payment of cash dividends ( 393,593
)		 ( 674,730
)
Net cash flows used in financing activity ( 393,593
)		 ( 674,730
)
Effects of exchange rate changes ( 33,144
)		 2,868
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents ( 872,858
)		 ( 1,969,343
)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 16,461,567 18,430,910
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year \$ 15,588,709 \$ 16,461,567

CENTRAL REINSURANCE CORPORATION NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND 2015

(Expressed in thousands of New Taiwan dollars, unless otherwise stated)

1. HISTORY AND ORGANIZATION

Central Reinsurance Corporation (the "Company") was originally a state-owned enterprise, incorporated on October 31, 1968, and provides a broad range of property and life inward and outward reinsurance services. The Company's shares of stock have been traded on the Taiwan Stock Exchange since July 6, 2000. On July 9, 2002, the Ministry of Finance (MOF), the major shareholder of the Company, privatized the Company in accordance with rules of privatization of government-owned enterprises, effective on July 11, 2002. In addition, the Company has obtained the certificate for establishment and business license for its offshore insurance branch, and commenced its operation on January 1, 2016. Evergreen International Corporation holds 35.13% equity interest in the Company and has the ability to control the Company. Evergreen International Corporation is the Company's parent company.

  1. THE DATE OF AUTHORIZATION FOR ISSUANCE OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND PROCEDURES FOR AUTHORIZATION

These financial statements were authorized for issuance by the Board of Directors on March 22, 2017.

    1. APPLICATION OF NEW STANDARDS, AMENDMENTS AND INTERPRETATIONS
  • (1) Effect of the adoption of new issuances of or amendments to International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS") as endorsed by the Financial Supervisory Commission ("FSC") None.
  • (2) Effect of new issuances of or amendments to IFRSs as endorsed by the FSC but not yet adopted by the Company

New standards, interpretations and amendments endorsed by the FSC effective from 2017 are as follows:

Effective Date by
International Accounting
New Standards, Interpretations and Amendments Standards Board
Investment entities: applying the consolidation exception January 1, 2016
(amendments to IFRS 10, IFRS 12 and IAS 28)
Accounting for acquisition of interests in joint operations January 1, 2016
(amendments to IFRS 11)
IFRS 14, 'Regulatory deferral accounts' January 1, 2016
Disclosure initiative (amendments to IAS 1) January 1, 2016
Clarification of acceptable methods of depreciation and January 1, 2016
amortisation (amendments to IAS 16 and IAS 38)
Effective Date by
International Accounting
New Standards, Interpretations and Amendments Standards Board
Agriculture: bearer plants (amendments to IAS 16 and IAS 41) January 1, 2016
Defined benefit plans: employee contributions (amendments July 1, 2014
to IAS 19R)
Equity method in separate financial statements (amendments January 1, 2016
to IAS 27)
Recoverable amount disclosures for non-financial assets January 1, 2014
(amendments to IAS36)
Novation of derivatives and continuation of hedge accounting January 1, 2014
(amendments to IAS 39)
IFRIC 21, 'Levies' January 1, 2014
Improvements to IFRSs 2010-2012 July 1, 2014
Improvements to IFRSs 2011-2013 July 1, 2014
Improvements to IFRSs 2012-2014 January 1, 2016

The above standards and interpretations have no significant impact to the Company's financial position and financial performance based on the Company's assessment.

(3) IFRSs issued by IASB but not yet endorsed by the FSC

New standards, interpretations and amendments issued by IASB but not yet included in the IFRSs endorsed by the FSC effective from 2017 are as follows:

Effective Date by
International Accounting
New Standards, Interpretations and Amendments Standards Board
Classification and measurement of share-based payment January 1, 2018
transactions (amendments to IFRS 2)
Applying IFRS 9 'Financial instruments'with IFRS 4'Insurance January 1, 2018
contracts' (amendments to IFRS 4)
IFRS 9,'Financial instruments' January 1, 2018
Sale or contribution of assets between an investor and its associate To be determined by
or joint venture (amendments to IFRS 10 and IAS 28) International Accounting
Standards Board
IFRS 15,'Revenue from contracts with customers' January 1, 2018
Clarifications to IFRS 15,'Revenue from contracts with January 1, 2018
customers' (amendments to IFRS 15)
IFRS 16,'Leases' January 1, 2019
Disclosure initiative (amendments to IAS 7) January 1, 2017
Recognition of deferred tax assets for unrealised losses January 1, 2017
(amendments to IAS 12)
Transfers of investment property (amendments to IAS 40) January 1, 2018
IFRIC 22,'Foreign currency transactions and advance January 1, 2018
consideration'
Effective Date by
International Accounting
New Standards, Interpretations and Amendments Standards Board
Annual improvements to IFRSs 2014-2016 cycle- Amendments to January 1, 2018
IFRS 1,'First-time adoption of International Financial Reporting
Standards'
Annual improvements to IFRSs 2014-2016 cycle- Amendments to January 1, 2017
IFRS 12,'Disclosure of interests in other entities'
Annual improvements to IFRSs 2014-2016 cycle- Amendments to January 1, 2018
IAS 28,'Investments in associates and joint ventures'

Except for the following, the above standards and interpretations have no significant impact to the Company's financial position and financial performance based on the Company's assessment. The quantitative impact will be disclosed when the assessment is complete.

  • A.Amendments to IFRS 4, 'Applying IFRS 9 Financial instruments with IFRS 4 Insurance contracts' To address the concerns about the different effective dates of IFRS 9, 'Financial instruments', and the forthcoming new standard IFRS 4, 'Insurance contract', which may result in different bases for measuring assets and liabilities, this amendment allows insurers who meet specific requirements as set out in IFRS 4, 'Insurance contract' to adopt temporary exemption from IFRS 9, 'Financial instruments', or to use overlay approach under IFRS 9, 'Financial instruments' alternatively.
  • B.IFRS 9, 'Financial instruments'
  • (a)Classification of debt instruments is driven by the entity's business model and the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial assets, which would be classified as financial asset at fair value through profit or loss, financial asset measured at fair value through other comprehensive income or financial asset measured at amortized cost. Equity instruments would be classified as financial asset at fair value through profit or loss, unless an entity makes an irrevocable election at inception to present in other comprehensive income subsequent changes in the fair value of an investment in an equity instrument that is not held for trading.
  • (b)The impairment losses of debt instruments are assessed using an 'expected credit loss' approach. An entity assesses at each balance sheet date whether there has been a significant increase in credit risk on that instrument since initial recognition to recognize 12-month expected credit losses ('ECL') or lifetime ECL (interest revenue would be calculated on the gross carrying amount of the asset before impairment losses occurred); or if the instrument that has objective evidence of impairment, interest revenue after the impairment would be calculated on the book value of net carrying amount (i.e. net of credit allowance).
  • (c)The amended general hedge accounting requirements align hedge accounting more closely with an entity's risk management strategy. Risk components of non-financial items and a group of items can be designated as hedged items. The standard relaxes the requirements for hedge effectiveness, removing the 80-125% bright line, and introduces the concept of 'rebalancing';

while its risk management objective remains unchanged, an entity shall rebalance the hedged item or the hedging instrument for the purpose of maintaining the hedge ratio.

4. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these financial statements are set out below. These policies have been consistently applied to all the periods presented, unless otherwise stated.

(1) Compliance statement

These financial statements are prepared by the Company in accordance with the "Rules for the Preparation of Financial Reports by Insurance Institutions" and IAS 34, 'Interim Financial Reporting' as endorsed by the FSC.

  • (2) Basis of preparation
  • A.The Company does not have a subsidiary, and the Company's financial statements are separate financial statements composed of balance sheet, statement of comprehensive income, statement of changes in equity, statement of cash flows, and relevant notes.
  • B.Except for the following items, these financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention:
    • (a)Financial assets and financial liabilities (including derivative instruments) at fair value through profit or loss.
    • (b)Available-for-sale financial assets measured at fair value.
    • (c)Defined benefit liabilities recognized based on the net amount of pension fund assets less present value of defined benefit obligation.
    • (d)Various insurance liabilities and reinsurance reserve assets recognized in accordance with specific statutory requirements and regulations relevant to insurance enterprises.
  • C.The preparation of financial statements in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards, International Accounting Standards, IFRIC Interpretations, and SIC Interpretations as endorsed by the FSC (collectively referred herein as the "IFRSs") requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also requires management to exercise its judgement in the process of applying the Company's accounting policies. The areas involving a higher degree of judgement or complexity, or areas where assumptions and estimates are significant to the financial statements are disclosed in Note 5.
  • (3) Foreign currency translation
  • A.Items included in the financial statements of the Company are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Company operates (the "functional currency"). The financial statements are presented in New Taiwan Dollars ("NTD"), which is the Company's functional and presentation currency.
    • (a)Transactions denominated in foreign currencies are translated into functional currency at the spot exchange rates prevailing at the transaction date. The translation differences upon actual payment are recognized in current profit or loss.
    • (b)Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at the period end are re-

translated at the exchange rates prevailing at the reporting date. Exchange differences arising upon re-translation at the reporting date are recognized in current profit or loss.

  • (c)Non-monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies held at fair value through profit or loss are re-translated at the exchange rates prevailing at the balance sheet date; their translation differences are recognized in profit or loss. Non-monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies held at fair value through other comprehensive income are re-translated at the exchange rates prevailing at the balance sheet date; their translation differences are recognized in other comprehensive income. However, non-monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies that are not measured at fair value are translated using the historical exchange rates at the dates of the initial transactions.
  • (d)Except for aforementioned non-monetary assets denominated in foreign currencies held at fair value through profit or loss, foreign exchange gains or losses that arise from investing activities are recognized under net gain (loss) from investment in the statement of comprehensive income. Other foreign exchange gains or losses that do not arise from investing activities are recognized under other operating revenues or other operating costs.
  • B.The financial position and financial performance of offshore insurance branch that have a functional currency different from the presentation currency are translated into the presentation currency as follows:
  • (a)Assets and liabilities for each balance sheet presented are translated at the spot exchange rate at the date of that balance sheet;
  • (b)Income and expenses for each statement of comprehensive income are translated at spot exchange rates of the trade date ; and
  • (c)All resulting exchange differences are recognized in other comprehensive income.
  • (4) Cash equivalents
  • A.The statement of cash flows is prepared on the basis of cash and cash equivalents.
  • B.Cash equivalents refer to short-term, highly liquid investments that are:
    • (a)Readily convertible to known amount of cash; and
    • (b)Subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.
  • C.Time deposits that meet the definition above and are held for the purpose of meeting short-term cash commitments in operations are classified as cash equivalents.
  • (5) Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss
  • A.Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are financial assets held for trading or financial assets designated as at fair value through profit or loss on initial recognition. Financial assets are classified in this category of held for trading if acquired principally for the purpose of selling in the short-term. Derivatives are also categorized as financial assets held for trading unless they are designated as hedges. Financial assets that meet one of the following criteria are designated as at fair value through profit or loss on initial recognition:

(a)Hybrid (combined) contracts; or

  • (b)They eliminate or significantly reduce a measurement or recognition inconsistency; or
  • (c)They are managed and their performance is evaluated on a fair value basis, in accordance with a documented risk management or investment strategy.
  • B.On a regular way purchase or sale basis, financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are recognized and derecognized using trade date accounting.
  • C.Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are initially recognized at fair value. Related transaction costs are expensed in profit or loss. These financial assets are subsequently remeasured and stated at fair value, and any changes in the fair value of these financial assets are recognized in profit or loss.
  • D.Gain or loss on valuation of financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss recognized in the statement of comprehensive income includes gain or loss arising from transactions, dividend and bonus, interest income, and evaluation at fair value on balance sheet date.
  • (6) Available-for-sale financial assets
  • A.Available-for-sale financial assets are non-derivatives that are either designated in this category or not classified in any of the other categories.
  • B.On a regular way purchase or sale basis, available-for-sale financial assets are recognized and derecognized using trade date accounting.
  • C.Available-for-sale financial assets are initially recognized at fair value plus transaction costs. These financial assets are subsequently remeasured and stated at fair value, and any changes in the fair value of these financial assets are recognized in other comprehensive income. The cumulative gain or loss should be reclassified from equity to profit or loss when financial assets are derecognized.
  • D.The realized gain or loss on available-for-sale financial assets recognized in the statement of comprehensive income includes gain or loss arising from transactions as well as dividend and bonus except interest income.
  • (7) Investments in debt instruments without active market
  • A.Investments in debt instruments without active market are loans and receivables not originated by the entity. They are bond investments with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market, and also meet all of the following conditions:
    • (a)Not designated on initial recognition as at fair value through profit or loss;
    • (b)Not designated on initial recognition as available-for-sale;
    • (c)Not for which the holder may not recover substantially all of its initial investment, other than because of credit deterioration.
  • B.On a regular way purchase or sale basis, investments in debt instruments without active market are recognized and derecognized using trade date accounting.
  • C.Investments in debt instruments without active market are initially recognized at fair value on the trade date plus transaction costs and subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method, less provision for impairment. Amortization of a premium or a discount on such

assets is recognized in profit or loss.

  • D.The realized gain or loss on investments in debt instruments without active market recognized in the statement of comprehensive income includes gain or loss arising from transactions except interest income.
  • (8) Held-to-maturity financial assets
  • A.Held-to-maturity financial assets are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments and fixed maturity date that the Company has the positive intention and ability to hold to maturity other than those that meet the definition of loans and receivables and those that are designated as at fair value through profit or loss or as available-for-sale on initial recognition.
  • B.On a regular way purchase or sale basis, held-to-maturity financial assets are recognized and derecognized using trade date accounting.
  • C.Held-to-maturity financial assets are initially recognized at fair value on the trade date plus transaction costs and subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method, less provision for impairment. Amortization of a premium or a discount on such assets is recognized in profit or loss.
  • D.The realized gain or loss on held-to-maturity financial assets recognized in the statement of comprehensive income includes gain or loss arising from transactions except interest income.
  • (9) Derivative financial instruments
  • A derivative financial instrument is initially recognized and subsequently measured at fair value. Any changes in the fair value are recognized in profit or loss. The gain or loss relating to derivative financial instrument is recognized in the statement of comprehensive income within "gain or loss on valuation of financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss".
  • (10) Impairment of financial assets
  • A.The Company assesses at each reporting date whether there is objective evidence that a financial asset or a group of financial assets is impaired as a result of one or more events that occurred after the initial recognition of the asset (a "loss event") and that loss event (or events) has an impact on the estimated future cash flows of the financial asset or group of financial assets that can be reliably estimated.
  • B.The criteria that the Company uses to determine whether there is objective evidence of an impairment loss are as follows:
    • (a)Significant financial difficulty of the issuer or debtor;
    • (b)A breach of contract, such as a default or delinquency in interest or principal payments;
    • (c)The Company, for economic or legal reasons relating to the borrower's financial difficulty, granted the borrower a concession that a lender would not otherwise consider;
    • (d)It becomes probable that the borrower will enter bankruptcy or other financial reorganization;
    • (e)The disappearance of an active market for that financial asset because of financial difficulties;
    • (f)Observable data indicating that there is a measurable decrease in the estimated future cash flows from a group of financial assets since the initial recognition of those assets, although the

decrease cannot yet be identified with the individual financial asset in the group, including adverse changes in the payment status of borrowers in the group or national or local economic conditions that correlate with defaults on the assets in the group;

  • (g)Information about significant changes with an adverse effect that have taken place in the technology, market, economic or legal environment in which the issuer operates, and indicates that the cost of the investment in the equity instrument may not be recovered; or
  • (h)A significant or prolonged decline in the fair value of an investment in an equity instrument below its cost.
  • C.When the Company assesses that there has been objective evidence of impairment and an impairment loss has occurred, accounting for impairment is made as follows according to the category of financial assets:
  • (a)Financial assets measured at amortized cost

The amount of the impairment loss is measured as the difference between the asset's carrying amount and the present value of estimated future cash flows discounted at the financial asset's original effective interest rate, and is recognized in profit or loss. If, in a subsequent period, the amount of the impairment loss decreases and the decrease can be related objectively to an event occurring after the impairment loss was recognized, the previously recognized impairment loss is reversed through profit or loss to the extent that the carrying amount of the asset does not exceed its amortized cost that would have been at the date of reversal had the impairment loss not been recognized previously. Impairment loss is recognized and reversed by adjusting the carrying amount of the asset through the use of an impairment allowance account.

(b)Available-for-sale financial assets

The amount of the impairment loss is measured as the difference between the asset's acquisition cost (less any principal repayment and amortization) and current fair value, less any impairment loss on that financial asset previously recognized in profit or loss, and is reclassified from "other comprehensive income" to "profit or loss". If, in a subsequent period, the fair value of an investment in a debt instrument increases, and the increase can be related objectively to an event occurring after the impairment loss was recognized, then such impairment loss is reversed through profit or loss. Impairment loss of an investment in an equity instrument recognized in profit or loss shall not be reversed through profit or loss. Impairment loss is recognized and reversed by adjusting the carrying amount of the asset through the use of an impairment allowance account.

(11) Investment property

A.An investment property is stated initially at its cost including related transaction costs; measured subsequently using the cost model and stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment loss. Subsequent costs of major renewals and betterments are included in the asset's carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of the replaced part is derecognized. Repairs and maintenance are charged to profit or loss during the financial period in which they are incurred.

  • B.The Company uses a portion of the property for its own use and another portion to earn rentals or for capital appreciation. When these portions can be sold separately, the own-use portion is accounted for in accordance with IAS 16, "Property, plant and equipment". However, property held either to earn rental income or for capital appreciation or for both is subject to IAS 40, "Investment Property". If part of property cannot be individually sold, and owner-occupied property is insignificant, it is accounted for as investment property.
  • C.An investment property shall be derecognized on disposal or when the investment property is permanently withdrawn from use and no future economic benefits are expected from its disposal. When assets are derecognized, the cost and the accumulated depreciation at the time of sale or retirement are written off. Gain or loss on sale of the investment property, rental income, and relevant payment shall be recognized in gain or loss on investment property under net gain from investment. Except for land, property is depreciated on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life of 3 to 60 years. The assets' residual values, useful lives and depreciation methods are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at each balance sheet date. If expectations for the assets' residual values and useful lives differ from previous estimates or the patterns of consumption of the assets' future economic benefits embodied in the assets have changed significantly, any change is accounted for as a change in estimate under IAS 8,"Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors", from the date of the change.
  • (12) Lease

The Company's lease contracts are all operating leases, where substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the assets remain with the lessor. If the Company is a lessor, assets involved in operating lease are recognized under "investment property". If the Company is a lessee, leased assets will not be recognized in the balance sheet. Payments that the Company receives or charges under the operating lease are recognized as "gain or loss on investment property" and "operating expenses".

(13) Reinsurance contract assets

Reinsurance contract assets include due from reinsurers and ceding companies, ceded unearned premium reserve, ceded claims reserve, ceded premium deficiency reserve, ceded liability reserve and ceded liability adequacy reserve. Each of the reinsurance contract assets should be in compliance with relevant regulation and policy of "Regulation Governing Financial and Business Operations of Professional Reinsurance Enterprises" and "Rules for the Preparation of Financial Reports by Insurance Institutions".

(14) Impairment on reinsurance contract assets

Regular evaluation on reinsurance assets should be made to evaluate if there is any impairment. When there is objective evidence, as a result of an event that occurred after initial recognition of the reinsurance asset, that the Company may not receive all amounts due to it under the terms of the contract; and that event has a reliably measurable impact on the amounts that the Company will receive from the reinsurer, the Company should reduce its carrying amount accordingly and recognize the provision for impairment loss or allowance for doubtful accounts.

  • (15) Property and equipment
  • A.Property and equipment are stated initially at its cost including related transaction costs, measured subsequently using the cost model and stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment loss. Reserve for land revaluation increment tax set aside for revaluation over the current land value is recognized as deferred income tax liabilities. Subsequent costs of major renewals and betterments are included in the asset's carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits associated with the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of the replaced part is derecognized. Repairs and maintenance are charged to profit or loss during the financial period in which they are incurred.
  • B.Depreciation is computed using straight-line method over the estimated service lives as follows: buildings and equipment, 3 to 60 years; computer equipment, 3 to 6 years; transportation equipment, 3 to 10 years; and miscellaneous equipment, 3 to 10 years.
  • C.The assets' residual values, useful lives and depreciation methods are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at each balance sheet date. If expectations for the assets' residual values and useful lives differ from previous estimates or the patterns of consumption of the assets' future economic benefits embodied in the assets have changed significantly, any change is accounted for as a change in estimate under IAS 8, "Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors", from the date of the change.
  • D.When an asset is retired or disposed, the cost plus revaluation increment, if any, and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts, and the resulting gain or loss is credited or charged to non-operating income and expenses during the financial period in which they are incurred.
  • (16) Impairment of non-financial assets

The Company assesses at each balance sheet date the recoverable amounts of those assets where there is an indication that they are impaired. An impairment loss is recognized for the amount by which the asset's carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset's fair value less costs to sell or value in use. When the circumstances or reasons for recognizing impairment loss for an asset in prior years no longer exist or diminish, the impairment loss is reversed. The increased carrying amount due to reversal should not be more than what the depreciated or amortized historical cost would have been if the impairment had not been recognized. Impairment loss and gain on reversal of impairment loss for investment property are recognized under operating revenue. Impairment loss and gain on reversal of impairment loss for property and equipment are recognized in non-operating income and expenses.

(17) Allowance for doubtful accounts

Accounts receivable, due from reinsurers and ceding companies under reinsurance contract assets, refundable deposits and funds held by other insurance companies under other assets, and other rights may be transferred to overdue accounts booked in accordance with IAS 39, "Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement", IFRS 4, "Insurance Contracts" and the "Guidelines for Handling Assessment of Assets, Loans Overdue, Delinquent Accounts Receivable on Demand by Insurance Enterprises", and the Company shall also recognize appropriate allowance for doubtful accounts with consideration of impairment losses and unrecoverable amounts.

  • (18) Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss
  • A.Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are financial liabilities held for trading. Financial liabilities are classified in this category of held for trading if acquired principally for the purpose of repurchasing in the short-term. Derivatives are also categorized as financial liabilities held for trading unless they are designated as hedges.
  • B.Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are initially recognized at fair value. Related transaction costs are expensed in profit or loss. These financial liabilities are subsequently remeasured and stated at fair value, and any changes in the fair value of these financial liabilities are recognized in profit or loss.
  • (19) Derecognition of financial assets and financial liabilities
  • A.The Company derecognizes a financial asset when one of the following conditions is met:
    • (a)The contractual rights to receive the cash flows from the financial asset expire.
    • (b)The contractual rights to receive cash flows from the financial asset have been transferred and the Company has transferred substantially all risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset.
    • (c)The contractual rights to receive cash flows from the financial asset have been transferred; however, the Company has not retained control of the financial asset.
  • B.A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation under the liability specified in the contract is discharged or cancelled or expires. Any difference between the book value of extinguished or transferred financial liabilities and the consideration paid is recognized in profit or loss.
  • (20) Offsetting financial assets and financial liabilities

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and reported in the net amount in the balance sheet when there is a legally enforceable right to offset the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or realize the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

(21) Classification of reinsurance contracts

Classification of reinsurance contracts should be made in compliance with IFRS 4, "Insurance Contracts".

An insurance contract is a contract under which one party (the insurer) accepts significant insurance risk from another party (the policyholder) by agreeing to compensate the policyholder if a specified uncertain future event (the insured event) adversely affects the policyholder. A contract with no significant insurance risk being transferred is not classified as an insurance contract and is recognized by deposit accounting.

A contract that falls within the definition of insurance contract on the initial recognition will still be deemed as insurance contract before its maturity.

(22) Insurance liabilities

The reserves related to Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance are determined in accordance with "Regulations for Management of the Reserve of Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance". The equalization reserve related to residential earthquake insurance is determined in accordance with "Regulations Governing Implementation of the Residential Earthquake Risk Spreading Mechanism".

The reserve related to nuclear insurance is determined in accordance with "Regulations Governing the Setting Aside of Nuclear Insurance Liability Reserves".

The reserves excluding the reserve listed above were determined in accordance with "Regulations Governing Financial and Business Operations of Professional Reinsurance Enterprises " and "Rules for the Preparation of Financial Reports by Insurance Institutions" to calculate unearned premium reserve, claims reserve, premium deficiency reserve, liability reserve, liability adequacy reserve and other reserve of inward reinsurance business.

According to "Directions for Strengthening Special Reserve by Reinsurance Enterprises", "Directions for Strengthening Co-insurance Reserve of Residential Earthquake Insurance" and "Regulations for Reserving Nuclear Energy Insurance Reserve by Non-Life Insurance Enterprises" dated December 28, 2012, subsequent equalization reserve recognized under liabilities by December 31, 2012 should still be recognized under liabilities. Starting from January 1, 2013, the additional provision for equalization reserve less income tax should be recognized as special reserve under equity after annual closing and should not be distributed without approval. The release of the equalization reserve shall be made through equalization reserve under liabilities first. If such reserves are insufficient for release, then the deficiency shall be released through special reserves under equity based on its net amount after tax in accordance with IAS 12.

Among the reserves above, except for unearned premium reserve for long-term fire insurance which was calculated at a rate of 7.8% based on the coefficient table of unearned premium reserve for longterm fire insurance, the other reserves were not calculated by discounting.

(23) Liability adequacy test

When the estimated future cash flow of insurance contracts recognized as insurance liability at book value is insufficient, the entire deficiency is recognized in current loss in accordance with the requirement of the Actuarial Institution of Republic of China.

(24) Employee benefits

A.Short-term employee benefits

Short-term employee benefits are measured at the undiscounted amount of the benefits expected

to be paid in respect of service rendered by employees in a period and should be recognized as expenses in that period when the employees render service.

B.Pensions

(a)Defined contribution plan

For defined contribution plan, the contributions are recognized as pension expenses when they are due on an accrual basis. Prepaid contributions are recognized as an asset to the extent of a cash refund or a reduction in the future payments.

  • (b)Defined benefit plan
  • i.Net obligation under a defined benefit plan is defined as the present value of an amount of pension benefits that employees will receive on retirement for their services with the Company in current period or prior periods. The liability recognized in the balance sheet in respect of defined benefit pension plan is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the balance sheet date less the fair value of plan assets. The defined benefit net obligation is calculated annually by independent actuaries using the projected unit credit method. The rate used to discount is determined by using interest rates of high-quality corporate bonds that are denominated in the currency in which the benefits will be paid, and that have terms to maturity approximating to the terms of the related pension liability; when there is no deep market in high-quality corporate bonds, the Company uses interest rates of government bonds (at the balance sheet date) instead.
  • ii.Remeasurement arising on defined benefit plan are recognized in other comprehensive income in the period in which they arise and are recorded as retained earnings.
  • C.Employees' compensation and directors' remuneration

Employees' compensation and directors' remuneration are recognized as expenses and liabilities, provided that such recognition is required under legal or constructive obligation and those amounts can be reliably estimated. Any difference between the resolved amounts and the subsequently actual distributed amounts should be recognized in profit or loss of the following year.

  • (25) Income tax
  • A.The income tax expense (benefit) for the period comprises current and deferred income tax. Income tax is recognized in profit or loss, except to the extent that it relates to items recognized in other comprehensive income or items recognized directly in equity, in which cases the tax is recognized in other comprehensive income or equity.
  • B.The current income tax expense is calculated on the basis of the tax laws enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date in the countries where the Company operates and generates taxable income. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in tax returns with respect to situations in accordance with applicable tax regulations. It establishes provisions where appropriate based on the amounts expected to be paid to the tax authorities. Income tax (10%) on undistributed earnings is recorded as expense in the year when the stockholders approve to retain

the earnings.

  • C.Deferred income tax is recognized, using the balance sheet liability method, on temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the balance sheet. However, the deferred income tax is not accounted for if it arises from initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction other than a business combination that at the time of the transaction affects neither accounting nor taxable profit nor loss. Deferred income tax is determined using tax rates (and laws) that have been enacted or substantially enacted by the end of the reporting period and are expected to apply when the related deferred income tax asset is realized or the deferred income tax liability is settled.
  • D.Deferred income tax assets are recognized only to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against which the temporary differences can be utilized. At each reporting period, unrecognized and recognized deferred income tax assets are reassessed.
  • E.Current income tax assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount reported in the balance sheet when there is a legally enforceable right to offset the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or realize the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are offset on the balance sheet when the entity has the legally enforceable right to offset current income tax assets against current income tax liabilities and they are levied by the same taxation authority on either the same entity or different entities that intend to settle on a net basis or realize the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
  • (26) Dividends

Dividends are recorded in the Company's financial statements in the period in which they are approved by the Company's shareholders. Cash dividends are recorded as liabilities; stock dividends are recorded as stock dividends to be distributed and are reclassified to common stock on the effective date of new shares issuance.

(27) Reinsurance revenues

Income from reinsurance business refers to various premiums earned from reinsurance operations, including those that meet the requirements in IFRS 4 and can be recognized as income. The Company's estimates for reinsurance premium income are assessed based on estimated premiums of reinsurance contracts, information provided by ceding companies, and historical trends. Reinsurance related revenues are recognized on the accrual basis.

(28) Operating segments

Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal reporting provided to the chief operating decision-maker, who is responsible for allocating resources and assessing performance of the operating segments.

5. CRITICAL ACCOUNTING JUDGEMENTS, ESTIMATES AND KEY SOURCES OF ASSUMPTION UNCERTAINTY

The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make critical judgements in applying the Company's accounting policies and make critical assumptions and estimates concerning future events. Assumptions and estimates may differ from the actual results and are continually evaluated and adjusted based on historical experience and other factors. Such assumptions and estimates have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year. The related information is addressed below:

(1) Critical judgements in applying the Company's accounting policies

Impairment of financial assets - equity investments

The Company's impairment evaluation on equity investments is conducted in accordance with the requirements of IAS 39, 'Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement', wherein an entity is required to assess at the end of each reporting period, on an item by item basis, whether there is any objective evidence that investments are impaired. The Company sets a threshold to filter fair value declines in order to assess investments that may have indications of impairment. Thereafter, filtered investments are assessed for objective evidence of impairment on an item by item basis. Items that the Company assesses include factors such as the industry overview, the company's competitiveness, company's profitability, future prospects, and recent stock price movements.

(2) Critical accounting estimates and assumptions

A.Reinsurance premiums

The Company's estimated reinsurance revenue is based on the ceding company's annual forecasted reinsurance information and then the Company calculates the revenue proportion to be recognized in each quarter based on previous experience of actual statements. Thereafter, when actual statements are received each quarter, original estimates are reversed and actual statements are accrued. The reason for differences between actual statements and estimated amounts is evaluated to adjust the estimated revenues of each quarter, accordingly.

B.Claims reserve (under insurance liabilities)

Aside from statutorily required insurances, the Company estimates the ultimate loss ratio and provisions claims reserve based on assessment factors such as information provided by the ceding company, claim development factors, contract type, insurance risk characteristics, market information, and judgment for the experience of claims and underwriting. If the methods and assumptions for estimating the ultimate loss ratio are changed, the Company's claim reserve may be materially impacted.

6. DETAILS OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTS

(1) Cash and cash equivalents

December 31, 2016
Cash:
Petty cash \$
141		 \$ 130
Checking accounts 4,382 53,908
Demand deposits 5,673,710 5,427,107
Cash equivalents:
Time deposits 9,910,476 10,980,422
\$
15,588,709		 \$ 16,461,567

A.The Company transacts with a variety of financial institutions all with high credit quality to disperse credit risk, so it expects that the probability of counterparty default is remote.

B.The Company has no cash and cash equivalents pledged to others.

C.According to Regulations for Management of the Reserve of Compulsory Automobile Liability Insurance, the deposits which the Company deposited in the financial institutions are as follows:

December 31, 2015
\$ 1,215,517 \$ 1,268,813
2,830,424 2,251,185
\$ 4,045,941 \$ 3,519,998
December 31, 2016

D.Certain time deposits of the Company did not meet the definition of cash equivalents and are presented in other financial assets. Please see Note 6 (7).

(2) Accounts receivable

December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
Notes receivable \$
5,288		 \$ 4,128
Other receivables 110,756 243,937
Total 116,044 248,065
Less: allowance for doubtful accounts - -
Net amount \$
116,044		 \$ 248,065

A.The credit quality information of accounts receivable that are neither past due nor impaired was in the following categories based on the payment records:

December 31, 2015
\$ 115,732 \$ 248,065
- -
\$ 115,732 \$ 248,065
December 31, 2016

Accounts receivable that are neither past due nor impaired are accounted for in accordance with the "Guidelines for Handling Assessment of Assets, Loans Overdue, and Delinquent Accounts Receivable on Demand by Insurance Enterprises". The Company transacts with a variety of financial institutions all with high credit quality to disperse credit risk, so it expects that the probability of counterparty default is remote.

B.The balances and ageing analysis of accounts receivable that were past due but not impaired are as follows:

December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
91 to 180 days \$ 268 \$
-
181 to 270 days 44 -
\$ 312 \$
-

(a)For the ageing of accounts receivable above, notes receivable are classified by maturity date and other receivables are classified by the date for recognition except that repayment date shall be stipulated according to the contract.

(b)The overdue accounts receivable above indicate those that were due but not paid. Except for notes receivable that were overdue and transferred to overdue accounts, other receivables were transferred to overdue accounts in three months after they were due.

C.The Company does not have any accounts receivable that were impaired.

D.The Company does not hold any collateral as security.

(3) Financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss

December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
Financial assets held for trading
Domestic listed and over-the-counter stocks \$ 114,406 \$ 19,607
Foreign listed stocks 175,781 -
Foreign index funds 41,854 60,913
Derivatives 31,192 4,119
363,233 84,639
Valuation adjustment of financial assets held
for trading ( 25,857) ( 5,759)
337,376 78,880
Financial assets designated as at fair value
through profit or loss on initial recognition
Domestic convertible corporate bonds 4,300 3,504
Domestic mandatory convertible corporate bonds 500,000 500,000
504,300 503,504
Valuation adjustment of financial assets
designated as at fair value through profit or
loss on initial recognition ( 68,119) ( 44,811)
436,181 458,693
\$ 773,557 \$ 537,573
December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
Financial liabilities held for trading
Derivatives \$ 25,879 \$ 31,549

A.The Company's gain or loss on financial asset or financial liability at fair value through profit or loss are as follows:

Year ended Year ended
December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
Financial instruments held for trading
Financial instruments designated as at fair
value through profit or loss on initial		 \$ 69,356 (\$ 233,224)
recognition ( 7,065) ( 78,597)
\$ 62,291 (\$ 311,821)

B.The credit rating levels of the counterparties of the Company's debt instrument investments are provided in Note 13 (1).

C.The non-hedging derivative instruments transaction and contract information are as follows:

December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
Contract Contract
amount amount
(Notional Contract (Notional Contract
Derivative instruments principal) period principal) period
FX swap contracts \$
5,617,127		 2016.06.29~ \$
4,501,605		 2015.10.27~
2017.04.12 2016.04.06
Forward foreign 967,600 2016.09.19~ 1,035,417 2015.10.23~
exchange contracts 2017.03.06 2016.02.26

Note: Contract amount is translated into thousands of New Taiwan dollars using the exchange rates prevailing at the end of the year.

(a)FX swap contracts

The Company entered into FX swap contracts with financial institutions to hedge risk on its foreign investments arising from variations in the exchange rate. However, these FX swap contracts are not accounted for under hedge accounting.

(b)Forward foreign exchange contracts

The Company entered into forward foreign exchange contracts with financial institutions to hedge risk on its foreign investments arising from variations in the exchange rate. However, these forward foreign exchange contracts are not accounted for under hedge accounting.

(c)Futures

As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, all futures contracts were settled, and the related margin deposits were \$100,030 and \$103,372, respectively.

D.The Company has no financial assets at fair value through profit or loss pledged to others.

(4) Available-for-sale financial assets

December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
Domestic items:
Listed and over-the-counter common stocks \$ 1,648,020 \$
1,126,422
Listed and over-the-counter preferred stocks 14,232 14,232
Securitized real estate products 613,948 613,947
Government bonds 531,248 1,040,841
Open-end funds 90,528 280,000
Index funds 60,498 110,859
Foreign items:
Listed and over-the-counter common stocks 2,597,809 846,146
Open-end funds 387,527 353,276
Government bonds 286,383 -
Corporate bonds 166,620 -
Index funds 375,807 358,560
6,772,620 4,744,283
Valuation adjustment of available-for-sale
financial assets ( 287,128) (
44,085)
Less: statutory deposits ( 480,669) (
898,076)
\$ 6,004,823 \$
3,802,122

A.The credit rating levels of the counterparties of the Company's debt instrument investments are provided in Note 13 (1).

B.Under the Insurance Act, the Company is required to deposit an amount equal to 15% of its paidup capital. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, the Company provided government bonds with a par value of \$850,000 as statutory deposit, which have been respectively listed under available-forsale financial assets and held-to-maturity financial assets.

C.Changes in unrealized gain or loss on available-for-sale financial assets under other comprehensive income are as follows:

2016 2015
At January 1 (\$ 32,289)
\$		 164,265
Recognized directly in other comprehensive
income ( 292,383)
(		 98,833)
Reclassified to profit or loss 49,340
(		 118,922)
Effect of defferred income tax 26,494 21,201
At December 31 (\$ 248,838)
(\$		 32,289)

(5) Investments in debt instruments without active market

December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
Domestic items:
Securitized financial asset products \$
300,000		 \$
-
Corporate bonds 600,290 700,385
Financial bonds 503,097 908,287
Foreign items:
Securitized financial asset products 897,852 974,958
Corporate bonds 808,219 1,376,918
Financial bonds 1,611,469 1,518,334
4,720,927 5,478,882
Less: accumulated impairment - -
\$
4,720,927		 \$
5,478,882

A.The Company recognized interest income of \$142,354 and \$113,107 from amortization costs through profit or loss for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

B.The credit rating levels of the counterparties of the Company's debt instrument investments are provided in Note 13 (1).

C.Accumulated impairment resulted from domestic investments, which were reorganized due to changes in credit default rates leading to a decrease in future cash flows. Changes in analysis of accumulated impairment set aside by the Company are as follows:

2016 2015
At January 1 \$
-
\$		 87,567
Disposal -
(		 87,567)
At December 31 \$
-
\$		 -

D.No investments in debt instruments without active market held by the Group were pledged to others. (6) Held-to-maturity financial assets

December 31, 2016
Domestic items:
Corporate bonds \$ 250,000 \$
-
Government bonds 437,792 -
Foreign items:
Financial bonds 403,608 -
Government bonds 94,882 -
1,186,282 -
Less: statutory deposits ( 437,792) -
\$ 748,490 \$
-

A.The Company recognized interest income of \$10,944 from amortization costs through profit or loss for the year ended December 31, 2016.

B.The credit rating levels of the counterparties of the Company's debt instrument investments are

provided in Note 13 (1).

C.Held-to-maturity financial assets held by the Company were pledged to others in Note 6 (4).

(7) Other financial assets

December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
Time deposits \$ 206,259 \$
1,422,932

A.The Company transacts with financial institutions all with high credit quality, so it expects that the probability of counterparty default is remote.

  • B.The Company has no other financial assets pledged to others.
  • (8) Structured entities

A.In accordance with the regulations of IFRS 12, 'Disclosure of interests in other entities', information about the interests in structured entities that are not controlled by the Company is as follows:

December 31, 2016
Type of structured entities Book value Nature
Securitized real estate \$
865,854		 The beneficial securities were issued
products by trustee to provide investor gain on
transaction, rent and value increment
of real estate market.
Securitized financial 1,197,852 The risks and rewards associated with the
asset products assets of the structured entity were passed
on to investors through issuing bonds.
Total \$
2,063,706
December 31, 2015
Type of structured entities Book value Nature
Securitized real estate \$
924,963		 The beneficial securities were issued
products by trustee to provide investor gain on
transaction, rent and value increment
of real estate market.
Securitized financial 974,958 The risks and rewards associated with th
e
asset products assets of the structured entity were passed
Total \$
1,899,921		 on to investors through issuing bonds.

The structured entities that are not controlled by the Company are held for the purpose of generating investment income.

B.The structured entities that are not controlled by the Company are accounted for as available-forsale financial assets and investments in debt instrument without active market. The entity's maximum exposure is the carrying amount of assets held. The investment position is restricted by contract terms and conditions of issue and exposes the corresponding market risk. The Company has considered risk management approach of relevant market. Please see Note 13 (1).

(9) Investment property

Land Building Total
At January 1, 2016
Cost \$
411,606		 \$ 85,110 \$ 496,716
Accumulated depreciation - ( 39,986) ( 39,986)
\$
411,606		 \$ 45,124 \$ 456,730
2016
At January 1 \$
411,606		 \$ 45,124 \$ 456,730
Additions-from subsequent
expenditure - 480 480
Depreciation - ( 2,572) ( 2,572)
At December 31 \$
411,606		 \$ 43,032 \$ 454,638
At December 31, 2016
Cost \$
411,606		 \$ 85,590 \$ 497,196
Accumulated depreciation - ( 42,558) ( 42,558)
\$
411,606		 \$ 43,032 \$ 454,638
Land Building Total
At January 1, 2015
Cost \$
411,606		 \$ 84,821 \$ 496,427
Accumulated depreciation - ( 37,400) ( 37,400)
\$
411,606		 \$ 47,421 \$ 459,027
2015
At January 1 \$
411,606		 \$ 47,421 \$ 459,027
Additions-from subsequent
expenditure - 289 289
Depreciation - ( 2,586) ( 2,586)
At December 31 \$
411,606		 \$ 45,124 \$ 456,730
At December 31, 2015
Cost \$
411,606		 \$ 85,110 \$ 496,716
Accumulated depreciation - ( 39,986) ( 39,986)
\$
411,606		 \$ 45,124 \$ 456,730

A.Rental income from the lease of the investment property and direct operating expenses arising from the investment property are as follows:

Year ended Year ended
December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
Rental revenue from the lease of the
investment property \$
24,555		 \$ 25,561
Direct operating expenses arising from the
investment property that generated rental
income in the year 5,792 5,842

B.The Company leases investment properties to others under non-cancellable operating lease agreements. The lease terms are between 1 and 3 years, and the lessees enjoy preferential right to lease at the end of the lease period. The future aggregate lease payments receivable under leases contracted but not yet due are as follows:

December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
Due in one year \$
18,599		 \$
18,608
Due after one year through three years 10,035 2,992
\$
28,634		 \$
21,600

C.The fair value of investment property held by the Company is estimated by an accredited external independent appraiser under "Regulations on Real Estate Appraisal" using valuation techniques of both the income approach and comparison approach, based on observable active market prices and the characteristics, locations and conditions of each asset on the measurement date - December 31, 2016 and 2015. The fair values of investment property for the aforementioned measurement dates were \$1,220,126 and \$1,232,138, which is categorized as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy. Key assumptions of income approach are as follows:

December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
Capitalization rate 0.96%~1.60% 1.00%~1.66%

D.The above assets were not pledged to others as collateral.

(10) Reinsurance contract assets and insurance liabilities

A.Details of reinsurance contract assets are as follows:

December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
Due from reinsurers and ceding companies \$ 2,211,025 \$ 2,095,207
Due from reinsurers and ceding
companies-overdue 38,756 40,334
Reinsurance reserve assets
Ceded unearned premium reserve 357,086 369,344
Ceded claims reserve 837,442 836,328
Ceded liability reserve 229,893 164,881
Ceded premium deficiency reserve 2,193 1,832
3,676,395 3,507,926
Less:allowance for doubtful accounts ( 52,141) ( 52,143)
\$ 3,624,254 \$ 3,455,783

(a)The credit quality information of reinsurance contract assets that are neither past due nor impaired is as follows, and the evaluation of credit rating was conducted according to the ultimate reinsurers:

December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
Group 1 \$
18,045		 \$
18,465
Group 2 1,419,942 1,207,676
Group 3 1,450,746 1,400,486
Group 4 60,358 13,991
Group 5 3,583 3,291
Group 6 600,083 654,570
\$
3,552,757		 \$
3,298,479

Group 1: S&P AAA or equivalents.

Group 2: Over S&P AA- or equivalents.

Group 3: Over S&P A- or equivalents.

Group 4: Over S&P BBB- or equivalents.

Group 5: Under S&P BBB- or equivalents.

Group 6: without credit rating etc.

Note:Reinsurances undertaken without a credit rating are primarily from domestic insurance companies.

(b)The balances and ageing analysis of reinsurance contract assets that were past due but not impaired and impaired are as follows:

December 31, 2016
31 to 90 days \$
41,253		 \$ 102,288
91 to 180 days 48,810 75,300
181 to 270 days 5,269 3,219
Over 271 days 28,306 28,640
\$
123,638		 \$ 209,447
  • i.The ages of due from reinsurance and ceding companies, except for the estimated reinsurance receivables or payables on closing date, are classified by its booking date.
  • ii.The overdue due from reinsurance and ceding companies above indicate those that were due but not paid and were transferred to overdue accounts in nine months after they were due.
  • (c)Movement analysis on the Company's provision for impairment of reinsurance contract assets is as follows:
2016 2015
At January 1 \$ 52,143 \$ 52,143
Write-off of bad debts ( 2) -
At December 31 \$ 52,141 \$ 52,143

(d)The Company does not hold any collateral as security.

B.Details of insurance liabilities are as follows:

December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
Unearned premium reserve \$
5,126,197		 \$
4,993,221
Claims reserve 14,353,439 14,063,219
Liability reserve 229,893 164,881
Equalization reserve 3,855,222 3,973,029
Premium deficiency reserve 29,887 85,275
\$
23,594,638		 \$
23,279,625

C.Movements of ceded unearned premium reserve and unearned premium reserve are as follows:

2016 2015
Ceded unearned premium reserve
At January 1 \$ 369,344
\$		 414,183
Provision 356,880 369,344
Recovery ( 369,344)
(		 414,183)
Exchange differences on translation of
foreign financial statements		 206 -
At December 31 \$ 357,086
\$		 369,344
Unearned premium reserve 2016 2015
At January 1 \$ 4,993,221 \$ 5,081,509
Provision 5,124,292 4,993,221
Recovery ( 4,993,221) ( 5,081,509)
Exchange differences on translation of
foreign financial statements		 1,905 -
At December 31 \$ 5,126,197 \$ 4,993,221

D.Details and movements of ceded claims reserve and claims reserve are as follows:

December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
Ceded claims reserve
Outstanding losses \$ 354,340 \$ 314,465
Incurred but not reported losses 483,102 521,863
\$ 837,442 \$ 836,328
December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
Claims reserve
Outstanding losses \$ 4,900,668 \$ 4,592,182
Incurred but not reported losses 9,452,771 9,471,037
\$ 14,353,439 \$ 14,063,219
2016 2015
Ceded claims reserve
At January 1 \$ 836,328 \$ 897,152
Provision 837,442 836,328
Recovery ( 836,328) ( 897,152)
At December 31 \$ 837,442 \$ 836,328
2016 2015
Claims reserve
At January 1 \$ 14,063,219 \$ 14,211,559
Provision 14,353,439 14,063,219
Recovery ( 14,063,219) ( 14,211,559)
At December 31 \$ 14,353,439 \$ 14,063,219
2016 2015
Foreign Foreign
currency currency
amount Exchange NTD amount Exchange NTD
(in thousands) Currency rate (in thousands) (in thousands) Currency rate (in thousands)
Ceded liability
reserve
At January 1 \$ 32,379 CNY 5.092 \$ 164,881 \$ 14,590 CNY 5.101 \$ 74,421
Provision 17,638 67,592 17,923 91,143
Recovery ( 521) ( 2,580) ( 134) ( 683)
At December 31 \$ 49,496 CNY 4.645 \$ 229,893 \$ 32,379 CNY 5.092 \$ 164,881
2016 2015
Foreign Foreign
currency currency
amount Exchange NTD amount Exchange NTD
(in thousands) Currency rate (in thousands) (in thousands) Currency rate (in thousands)
Liability reserve
At January 1 \$ 32,379 CNY 5.092 \$ 164,881 \$ 14,590 CNY 5.101 \$ 74,421
Provision 17,638 67,592 17,923 91,143
Recovery ( 521) ( 2,580) ( 134) ( 683)
At December 31 \$ 49,496 CNY 4.645 \$ 229,893 \$ 32,379 CNY 5.092 \$ 164,881

E.Movements of ceded liability reserve and liability reserve are as follows:

The provisions above include the effects of foreign exchange gains and losses.

F.Equalization reserves

(a)Details of equalization reserves are as follows:

December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
Equalization reserve for statutory insurance \$
1,274,144		 \$
1,391,951
Reserve for fluctuation of risk 2,055,296 2,055,296
Reserve for extraordinary business losses 525,782 525,782
\$
3,855,222		 \$
3,973,029

(b)Movement of equalization reserves is as follows:

2015
At January 1 \$ 3,973,029 \$ 4,210,477
Provision ( 117,807) ( 237,448)
Recovery - -
At December 31 \$ 3,855,222 \$ 3,973,029

(c)According to Jin-Guan-Pao-Tsai Order No. 10102517491, "Directions for Strengthening Special Reserve by Reinsurance Enterprises", Jin-Guan-Pao-Chan Order No. 10102531541, "Directions for Strengthening Co-insurance Reserve of Residential Earthquake Insurance" and Jin-Guan-Pao-Tsai Order No. 10102517091, "Regulations for Reserving Nuclear Energy Insurance Reserve by Non-Life Insurance Enterprises" dated December 28, 2012, the Company's accounts applicable or not applicable for the reserve for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, are as follows:

Year ended December 31, 2016
Earnings per share
Net income (in dollars) Total liabilities Total equity
Applicable \$
765,790		 \$
1.36		 \$ 24,089,023 \$ 9,499,209
Not applicable 765,790 1.36 21,788,543 11,799,689
Effect \$
-		 \$
-		 (\$ 2,300,480) \$ 2,300,480
Year ended December 31, 2015
Earnings per share
Net income (in dollars) Total liabilities Total equity
Applicable \$
765,865		 \$
1.36		 \$ 23,915,590 \$ 9,349,481
Not applicable 765,865 1.36 21,615,110 11,649,961
Effect \$
-		 \$
-		 (\$ 2,300,480) \$ 2,300,480

G.Movements of ceded premium deficiency reserve and premium deficiency reserve are as follows:

2016 2015
Ceded premium deficiency reserve
At January 1 \$ 1,832
\$		 3,902
Provision 2,193 1,832
Recovery ( 1,832)
(		 3,902)
At December 31 \$ 2,193
\$		 1,832
2016 2015
Premium deficiency reserve
At January 1 \$ 85,275
\$		 86,494
Provision 29,887 85,275
Recovery ( 85,275)
(		 86,494)
At December 31 \$ 29,887
\$		 85,275

H.The Company's future cash flows of insurance liabilities (excluding equalization reserve) are as follows:

December 31, 2016 Due in one year Due after one year Total
Insurance liabilities
Unearned premium reserve \$ 2,216,192 \$
1,447,540		 \$ 3,663,732
Claims reserve 7,419,842 4,846,387 12,266,229
Liability reserve - 229,893 229,893
Premium deficiency reserve 18,079 11,808 29,887

Note: Insurance liabilities exclude statutory insurance (total amount of compulsory automobile liability insurance, residential earthquake insurance and nuclear insurance is \$3,549,675).

December 31, 2015 Due in one year Due after one year Total
Insurance liabilities
Unearned premium reserve \$ 2,222,247 \$
1,345,335		 \$ 3,567,582
Claims reserve 7,490,376 4,534,629 12,025,005
Liability reserve - 164,881 164,881
Premium deficiency 53,118 32,157 85,275

Note: Insurance liabilities exclude statutory insurance (total amount of compulsory automobile liability insurance, residential earthquake insurance and nuclear insurance is \$3,463,853).

(11) Reserves for unqualified reinsurance

A.Summary of unqualified reinsurance contracts are set forth as follows:

The Company entered into contracts with insurance companies and insurance brokers as follows: The scope of reinsurance is the same as the Company's insurance contracts.

Insurance companies / insurance brokers Type of contract
WALSUN INSURANCE LTD. Fire insurance, marine cargo insurance,
inland marine insurance, marine hull
insurance, automobile insurance,
casualty insurance and engineering
insurance
OIC RUN-OFF LIMITED(FORMERLY ORION) Aviation insurance
SOMPO JAPAN INSURANCE COMPANY Aviation insurance
(ASIA) PTE LTD
AXA REINSURANCE COMPANY-FRANCE Aviation insurance
BEST RE (L) LIMITED Fire insurance and casualty insurance
SWISS RE FRANKONA Aviation insurance
RUCKVERSICHERUNGS-AG GERMANY
GLACIER REINSURANCE A.G. Aviation insurance
ALLIANZ MARINE & AVIATION Aviation insurance
VERSICHERUNGS AG
DELVAG VERSICHERUNGS-AG (FORMERLY Aviation insurance
DELVAG RUCKVERSICHERUNGS AG)
GROUPAMA ASSURANCES & SERVICES Aviation insurance
GROUPAMA TRANSPORT, LE HAVRE Aviation insurance
LE CONTINENT IARD Aviation insurance
MAPFRE INDUSTRIAL SOCIEDAD Aviation insurance
ANONIMA DE SEG SA
Insurance companies / insurance brokers Type of contract
TOKIO MARINE GLOBAL RE ASIA LTD. Marine cargo insurance, and engineering
(KUALA LUMPUR OFFICE) insurance
WILSON RE LIMITED Casualty insurance
M.B. BODA REINSURANCE BROKERS Fire insurance
PVT. LTD.
COSMOS SERVICES CO., LTD. Fire insurance
INTERLINK INSURANCE & REINSURANCE Fire insurance, marine cargo insurance
BROKERS PVT. LTD. and marine hull insurance
J B BODA INSURANCE SERVICES (L) BHD Fire insurance
GUY CARPENTER & COMPANY LTD. Fire insurance
CATHAY INSURANCE (BERMUDA) Personal accident insurance
CO., LTD.

B.As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, the Company had no unqualified reinsurance premiums ceded. C.Reserve for unqualified reinsurance as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 were \$7,596 and \$1,024, respectively.

(12) Offsetting financial assets and financial liabilities

  • A.The Company has derivative assets that do not meet the offsetting criteria in paragraph 42 of IAS 32. However, the Company has transactions that are or are similar to net settled master netting arrangements. If one party breaches the contract (in the case of default and insolvency or bankruptcy), the counterparty can choose to use net settlement. The related amount of offsetting shall not exceed the gross amounts of recognized financial assets and liabilities.
  • B.The related information of financial assets and financial liabilities that can be settled under agreements of net settled master netting arrangements or similar arrangements are as follows: (a)Financial assets
Gross amounts
of recognized		 Financial instruments
not set off in the
Description financial assets balance sheet Net amount
December 31, 2016
Derivatives \$
31,192		 \$
8,340		 \$ 22,852
December 31, 2015
Derivatives \$
4,119		 \$
4,119		 \$ -

Note: The above-mentioned items are all accounted as financial assets at fair value through profit or loss.

(b)Financial liabilities

Gross amounts
of recognized		 Financial instruments
not set off in the
Description financial liabilities balance sheet Net amount
December 31, 2016
Derivatives \$ 25,879 \$ 8,340 \$ 17,539
December 31, 2015
Derivatives \$ 31,549 \$ 4,119 \$ 27,430

Note: The above-mentioned items are all accounted as financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss.

(13) Property and equipment

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7
7
6		 \$ 1,
4
5
5		 \$ 6
9
0		 \$ 2
1
3,
4
4
4
A
D
be
3
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t
ec
em
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t
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9
6
7		 \$ 8
9,
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4		 \$ 1
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9
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7		 \$ 6,
0
9
2		 \$ 3,
4
5
3		 \$ 2
9
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6
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te
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\$
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7
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6		 \$ 5
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9
0		 \$ 2
1
3,
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4
4

The above assets were not pledged to others as collateral.

(14) Accounts payable

December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
Due to reinsurers and ceding companies \$
171,583		 \$
269,439
Other payables 145,557 155,753
\$
317,140		 \$
425,192

(15) Employee benefits

A.Defined benefit obligation

(a)The Company has established a defined benefit pension plan in accordance with the Labor Standards Law. Under the defined benefit pension plan, two units are accrued for each year of service for the first 15 years and one unit for each additional year thereafter, subject to a maximum of 45 units. Pension benefits are based on the number of units accrued and the average monthly salaries and wages of the last 6 months prior to retirement. The Company contributes monthly an amount equal to 8% of the employees' monthly salaries and wages to the retirement fund deposited with Bank of Taiwan, the trustee, under the name of the independent retirement fund committee. Also, the Company would assess the balance in the aforementioned labor pension reserve account by the end of December 31, every year. If the account balance is insufficient to pay the pension calculated by the aforementioned method, to the employees expected to be qualified for retirement next year, the Company will make contributions to cover the deficit by next March.

(b)The amounts recognized in the balance sheet are as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------- -- --
December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
Present value of defined benefit obligations (\$ 55,257)
(\$		 64,102)
Fair value of plan assets 52,115 56,087
Net defined benefit liability (\$ 3,142)
(\$		 8,015)

(c)Movements in net defined benefit liabilities are as follows:

Present value of defined Fair value of Net defined
benefit obligations plan assets benefit liability
Year ended December 31, 2016
Balance at January 1 (\$ 64,102) \$ 56,087 (\$ 8,015)
Current service cost ( 3,136) - ( 3,136)
Interest (expense) income ( 801) 701 ( 100)
( 68,039) 56,788 ( 11,251)
Remeasurements:
Change in demographic assumptions 123 - 123
Change in financial assumptions 4,320 - 4,320
Experience adjustments ( 215) ( 327) ( 542)
4,228 ( 327) 3,901
Pension fund contribution - 4,208 4,208
Paid Pension 8,554 ( 8,554) -
Balance at December 31 (\$ 55,257) \$ 52,115 (\$ 3,142)
Present value of defined Fair value of Net defined
benefit obligations plan assets benefit liability
Year ended December 31, 2015
Balance at January 1 (\$ 70,187) \$ 64,409 (\$ 5,778)
Current service cost ( 4,240) - ( 4,240)
Interest (expense) income ( 1,579) 1,449 ( 130)
( 76,006) 65,858 ( 10,148)
Remeasurements:
Change in demographic assumptions ( 286) - ( 286)
Change in financial assumptions ( 3,578) - ( 3,578)
Experience adjustments 1,268 167 1,435
( 2,596) 167 ( 2,429)
Pension fund contribution - 4,562 4,562
Paid Pension 14,500 ( 14,500) -
Balance at December 31 (\$ 64,102) \$ 56,087 (\$ 8,015)

(d)The Bank of Taiwan was commissioned to manage the Fund of the Company's and domestic subsidiaries' defined benefit pension plan in accordance with the Fund's annual investment and utilization plan and the "Regulations for Revenues, Expenditures, Safeguard and Utilization of the Labor Retirement Fund" (Article 6: The scope of utilization for the Fund includes deposit in domestic or foreign financial institutions, investment in domestic or foreign listed, over-thecounter, or private placement equity securities, investment in domestic or foreign real estate securitization products, etc.). With regard to the utilization of the Fund, its minimum earnings in the annual distributions on the final financial statements shall be no less than the earnings attainable from the amounts accrued from two-year time deposits with the interest rates offered by local banks. The constitution of fair value of plan assets as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 is given in the Annual Labor Retirement Fund Utilization Report announced by the government. Overall expected return on plan assets is an estimate based on historical return trends, forecasts on the overall obligation return, and the handling status of labor pension funds by the Bureau of Labor Funds, as well as taking into consideration the impact that minimum earnings should be no less than earnings from the interest rates of a two-year time deposits offered by local banks.

(e)The principal actuarial assumptions used are as follows:

Year ended Year ended
December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
Discount rate 1.20% 1.25%
Salary increment 2.00% 3.00%

Assumptions regarding the mortality and the disability rates are set based on Taiwan Standard Ordinary Experience Mortality Table.

Because the main actuarial assumption changed, the present value of defined benefit obligation is affected. The analysis is as follows:

Year ended Year ended
December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
Discount rate increase 0.5% (\$ 1,670) (\$
1,910)
Discount rate decrease 0.5% 2,216 2,118
Salary increment increase 0.5% 2,187 2,069
Salary increment decrease 0.5% ( 1,666) (
1,887)

The sensitivity analysis above is based on the condition that only one assumption is changed while all other assumptions remain unchanged. In practice, more than one assumption may change all at once. The method of analysing sensitivity and the method of calculate net pension liability in the balance sheet are the same.

The method and assumption used in preparing the current year sensitivity analysis are identical with those of the prior year.

(f)Expected contributions to the defined benefit pension plans of the Company in the year ended December 31, 2017 amounts to \$4,207.

B.Defined contribution plan

(a)Effective July 1, 2005, under the defined contribution plan, the Company contributes monthly an amount based on 6% of the employees' monthly salaries and wages to the employees' individual pension accounts at the Bureau of Labor Insurance in accordance with the Labor Pension Act.

(b)The pension costs under the above-mentioned pension plan of the Company for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 were \$6,350 and \$6,266, respectively.

(16) Common stock

As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, the Company's authorized capital were \$6,000,000, and the paid-in capital were \$5,622,750, with a par value of \$10 (in dollars) per share.

(17) Capital reserve

Pursuant to the R.O.C. Company Law, capital surplus arising from paid-in capital in excess of par value on issuance of common stocks and donations can be used to cover accumulated deficit or to issue new stocks or cash to shareholders in proportion to their share ownership, provided that the Company has no accumulated deficit. Further, the R.O.C. Securities and Exchange Law requires that the amount of capital surplus to be capitalized mentioned above should not exceed 10% of the paid-in capital each year. Capital surplus should not be used to cover accumulated deficit unless the legal reserve is insufficient. However, according to Jin-Guan-Pao-Tzai Letter No. 10202501991, for the purpose of strengthening the solvency and operation, insurance companies having no deficit should submit relevant documents demonstrating the financial soundness and steady operation of their companies to FSC for approval before the stockholders' meeting if they propose to use legal reserve provided under Article 145-1 of Insurance Act and capital surplus to issue cash to shareholders in proportion to their share ownership in accordance with Article 241 of the R.O.C. Company Law.

(18) Retained earnings

A.Limitation on distribution of retained earnings and dividend policy

Under the Company's Articles of Incorporation, the current year's earnings, if any, shall first be used to pay all taxes and offset prior years' operating losses and then 20% of the remaining amount shall be set aside as legal reserve. Afterwards, the Company shall recognize or reverse special reserve in accordance with regulations, and accumulated unappropriated earnings of the prior period. Appropriation of the remainder shall be proposed by the Board of Directors and resolved by the stockholders.

The Company's dividends are distributed in the form of cash dividends and stock dividends in a coordinated way, among which, the cash dividends shall account for at least 50% of the total dividends distributed.

Pursuant to the R.O.C. Insurance Act, legal reserve shall be set aside until the total amount reaches the total capital. Except for covering accumulated deficit or issuing new stocks or cash to shareholders in proportion to their share ownership, the legal reserve shall not be used for any other purpose. The use of legal reserve for the issuance of stocks or cash to shareholders in proportion to their share ownership is permitted, provided that the distribution of the reserve is limited to the portion in excess of 25% of the Company's paid-up capital. In addition, procedures for those requiring approval from competent authorities to use legal reserve for issuance of cash in accordance with Jin-Guan-Pao-Tzai Letter No. 10202501991 are set out in Note 6 (17).

Under the Integrated Income Tax System, ROC, tax credits allocated to stockholders are based on the balance of Imputation Credit Account on the dividend distribution date.

B.Special reserve

December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
Equalization reserve \$
1,307,604		 \$
1,067,966
Unrealized revaluation increment 126,557 126,557
\$
1,434,161		 \$
1,194,523

(a)According to regulations, the Company should set aside special reserve equal to the deducted amount of the equity from earnings after tax of the current year and the unappropriated earnings of the prior period. For the deducted amount from the equity accumulated from prior periods, an equal amount of special reserve should be set aside from unappropriated earnings of the prior period and is not to be distributed. If there is a reversal of deducted amount of equity, earnings may be distributed based on the reversal.

  • (b)For the years 2016 and 2015, the provision for equalization reserve amounting to \$239,638 and \$217,809, respectively, had been recognized as special reserve under equity upon annual resolution and is not available for distribution.
  • (c)The amounts previously set aside by the Company as special reserve on initial application of IFRSs in accordance with Jin-Guan-Zheng-Fa Order No. 1010012865, dated April 6, 2012 and Jin-Guan-Pao-Tzai Order No. 10102508861, dated June 5, 2012, shall be reversed proportionately when the relevant assets are used, disposed of or reclassified subsequently.
  • (d)In accordance with the regulations of Jin-Guan-Pao-Tzai Order No. 10502066461 promulgated on July 13, 2016, upon appropriating the earnings of 2016 through 2018, the Company shall provision 0.5% of income after tax as special reserve. And starting from the subsequent year of the provision of such special reserve, special reserve as mentioned above may be reversed in an amount equal to expenditures that were for employees' education and training and for the protection of employees' interest.
  • C.On May 27, 2016, the distribution of earnings for 2015 resolved by stockholders was \$393,593 (cash dividend of \$0.7 (in dollars) per share). On March 22, 2017, the Board of Directors proposed that total dividends for the distribution of earnings for 2016 was \$281,138 (cash dividend of \$0.5 (in dollars) per share).

Earnings appropriation for 2016 has not yet been ratified at the stockholders' meeting as of the reporting date. Detailed information on earnings appropriation resolved by the Board of Directors and ratified at the stockholders' meeting is posted in the "Market Observation Post System" at the website of the Taiwan Stock Exchange.

D.For information relating to employees' compensation and directors' remuneration, please see Note 6 (20).

(19) Income tax

A.Components of income tax expense:

Year ended
December 31, 2015
\$ 187,641 \$ 168,294
( 770) 19,357
28,300
\$ 146,931 \$ 215,951
( Year ended
December 31, 2016
39,940)

B.The income tax relating to components of other comprehensive income are as follows:

Year ended Year ended
December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
Exchange differences on translation of
foreign financial statements (\$ 1,876) \$ -
Changes in fair value of available-for-sale
financial assets ( 26,494) ( 21,201)
Remeasurement of defined benefit
obligations 663 ( 413)
(\$ 27,707) (\$ 21,614)

C. Reconciliation between income tax expense and accounting profit:

Year ended Year ended
December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
Tax calculated based on profit
before tax and statutory tax rate \$ 155,163 \$
166,909
Impact of tax adjustments by tax regulations ( 7,462) 29,685
Prior year income tax (over) underestimation ( 770) 19,357
Income tax expense \$ 146,931 \$
215,951
2016
Recongized in Recongized in other
January 1 profit or loss comprehensive income December 31
Deferred tax assets
Unrealized loss on valuation of
available-for-sale financial
assets \$
11,796		 \$ - \$ 26,494 \$ 38,290
Allowance for bad debt exceeding
limit 7,491 - - 7,491
Unrealized loss on valuation of
financial assets 5,645 ( 2,272) - 3,373
Employee benefits-pension expense 1,890 - ( 663) 1,227
Employee benefits-unused
compensated absences 1,302 63 - 1,365
Unrealized foreign exchange losses - 7,518 - 7,518
Exchange differences on translation
of foreign financial statements - - 1,876 1,876
\$
28,124		 \$ 5,309 \$ 27,707 \$ 61,140
Deferred tax liabilities
Gain on revaluation of land \$
41,555		 \$ - \$ - \$ 41,555
Unrealized foreign exchange gains 34,631 ( 34,631) - -
\$
76,186		 (\$ 34,631) \$ - \$ 41,555

D.Amounts of deferred tax assets or liabilities as a result of temporary difference are as follows:

2015
Recongized in Recongized in other
January 1 profit or loss comprehensive income December 31
Deferred tax assets
Unrealized loss on valuation of
available-for-sale financial
assets \$
-		 \$ - \$ 11,796 \$
11,796
Allowance for bad debt exceeding
limit 7,491 - - 7,491
Impairment loss on financial assets 14,886 ( 14,886) - -
Unrealized loss on valuation of
financial assets 11,246 ( 5,601) - 5,645
Employee benefits-pension expense 1,481 ( 4) 413 1,890
Employee benefits-unused
compensated absences 1,319 ( 17) - 1,302
\$
36,423		 (\$ 20,508) \$ 12,209 \$
28,124
Deferred tax liabilities
Unrealized gains on valuation
of available-for-sale financial
assets \$
9,405		 \$ - (\$ 9,405) \$
-
Gain on revaluation of land 41,555 - - 41,555
Unrealized foreign exchange gains 26,839 7,792 - 34,631
\$
77,799		 \$ 7,792 (\$ 9,405) \$
76,186

E.The Company's income tax returns have been assessed and approved by the Tax Authority up to 2014.

F.All undistributed earnings of the Company originated from years after 1998.

G.As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, the balance of the imputation tax credit account were \$138,751 and \$127,937, respectively. The creditable tax rate was 23.96% for 2015 and is estimated to be 28.08% for 2016.

(20) Employee benefits expense, depreciation and amortization

Employee benefits expense, depreciation and amortization by function are as follows:

Function Year ended
December 31, 2016		 Year ended
December 31, 2015
Expense Operating Operating Operating Operating
Costs Expenses Costs Expenses
Employee Benefits Expense \$
-		 \$
191,337		 \$
-		 \$
202,099
Salaries - 162,421 - 171,190
Employees' insurance - 11,121 - 11,645
Pension - 9,586 - 10,636
Other employee benefits
expense (Note 1) - 8,209 - 8,628
Depreciation (Note 2) 2,572 6,427 2,586 6,412
Amortization - 1,601 - 1,572

As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, the Company had 136 and 139 employees, respectively. Note 1:Other employee benefits expense include employees' welfare and training expenses.

Note 2:The depreciation, which is classified as operating cost, is accounted for as deduction to gain on investment property.

  • A.According to the Company Act amended in May 20, 2015, a company shall distribute employee compensation, based on the distributable profit of the current year, in a fixed amount or a ratio of profits. If a company has accumulated deficit, earnings should be channeled to cover losses. A company may, by a resolution adopted by a majority vote at a meeting of board of directors attended by two-thirds of the total number of directors, have the profit distributable as employees' compensation distributed in the form of shares or in cash; and in addition thereto a report of such distribution shall be submitted to the stockholders' meeting. The amended Articles of Incorporation of the Company was revised through the resolution of stockholders' meeting in 2016. According to the amended articles, after covering accumulated deficits with current year earnings, the remainder, if any, shall provision employees' compensation of no less than 0.5% and directors' remunerations of no more than 1%.
  • B.The Company's estimated employees' compensation of \$6,175 and \$6,741 for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, were determined from earnings on a pro-rata basis, which fell within the scope of the revised Company's Articles of Incorporation's requirements. The Company's estimated directors' remuneration for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 were both \$2,700. The aforementioned amounts were recognized in salary expenses.

The 2015 employees' compensation of \$6,741 and directors' remuneration of \$2,700 as approved by the Board of Directors of the Company were in agreement with the amounts recognized in the 2015 financial statements, and employees' compensation and directors' remuneration are distributed in the form of cash.

Information about the appropriation of employees' compensation and directors' remuneration by the Company as resolved by the Board of Directors will be posted in the "Market Observation Post System" at the website of the Taiwan Stock Exchange.

(21) Supplemental cash flow information

Investing activities with partial cash payments:

Year ended Year ended
December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
Increase in investment (\$ 19,509,793) (\$
20,859,045)
Decrease in investment 16,646,532 19,472,142
Add: ending balance of payable on investment 52,512 51,980
opening balance of receivable on investment 115,224 287,929
Less: opening balance of payable on investment ( 51,980) (
214,272)
ending balance of receivable on investment ( 8,443) (
115,224)
Net cash used in investments (\$ 2,755,948) (\$
1,376,490)

7. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

(1) Names of related parties and their relationship with the Company

Names of related parties Relationship with the Company
Evergreen International Corporation Parent company
Evergreen Insurance Company Limited Other related parties
Directors, general managers, vice general
managers, etc.		 Key management of the Company
(2) Significant related party transactions and balances
A.Due from reinsurers and ceding companies (under reinsurance contract assets)
December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
Other related parties \$ 97
\$		 510
B.Other payables (under accounts payable)
December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
Parent \$ 1,465
\$		 1,412
C.Operating revenues and operating costs
Year ended Year ended
December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
Other related parties
Gross premiums written \$ 26,390
\$		 25,645
Reinsurance premiums ceded 1,057
(		 10)
Overriding commissions revenue - 1
Reinsurance commission expenses 6,970 7,756
Reinsurance commission revenue ( 54) 54
Reinsurance claims paid 26,113 269
Reinsurance claims recovery ( 138) 1,194
The differences of prices and conditions between related parties and non-related parties were not

D.Operating expenses

significant.

Year ended Year ended
December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
Parent
System service charge, fees paid to stock
transfer agent and printing expenses, etc.
(3) Key management compensation		 \$
14,341		 \$
13,127
Year ended Year ended
December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
Salaries and other short-term employee benefits \$
28,503		 \$
29,614
Post-employment benefits 621 710
\$
29,124		 \$
30,324

8. PLEDGED ASSETS

Please see Note 6 (4).

  1. COMMITMENTS

None.

10. SIGNIFICANT ACCIDENTAL LOSS

None.

11. SIGNIFICANT SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

None.

12. OTHERS

  • (1) Fair value information
  • A.The fair value of the Company's financial instruments not measured at fair value is provided in Note 12 (1) K. The fair value of the Company's investment property measured at cost model is provided in Note 6 (9).
  • B.The different levels that the inputs to valuation techniques are used to measure fair value of financial instruments have been defined as follows:
    • Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the entity can access at the measurement date. A market is regarded as active where a market in which transactions for the asset or liability takes place with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an on-going basis. The fair value of the Company's investment in listed and over-the-counter stocks, beneficiary certificates and convertible corporate bonds is included in Level 1.
    • Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. The fair value of the Company's investment in off-the-run government bonds, corporate bonds, financial bonds and derivative instruments is included in Level 2.
    • Level 3: Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability. The fair value of the Company's investment in part of investments in debt instrument, mandatory convertible corporate bonds without active market and investment property is included in Level 3.
December 31, 2016 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Non-derivative financial instruments
Assets
Recurring fair value measurements
Financial assets at fair value through
profit or loss
Financial assets held for trading
Listed and over-the-counter stocks \$
273,807		 \$
-		 \$
-		 \$
273,807
Index funds 32,377 - - 32,377
Financial assets designated as at fair
value through profit or loss on initial
recognition
Convertible corporate bonds 4,613 - - 4,613
Mandatory convertible corporate
bonds - - 431,568 431,568
Available-for-sale financial assets
Securitized real estate products 865,854 - - 865,854
Index funds 369,166 - - 369,166
Government bonds - 804,350 - 804,350
Listed and over-the-counter stocks
Listed and over-the-counter preferred		 3,801,820 - - 3,801,820
stocks - 22,907 - 22,907
Open-end funds 465,715 - - 465,715
Corporate bonds - 155,680 - 155,680
Derivative financial instruments
Assets
Recurring fair value measurements
Financial assets at fair value through
profit or loss
FX swap contracts \$
-		 \$
20,767		 \$
-		 \$
20,767
Forward foreign exchange contracts - 10,425 - 10,425
Liabilities
Recurring fair value measurements
Financial liabilities at fair value
through profit or loss
FX swap contracts - 21,920 - 21,920
Forward foreign exchange contracts - 3,959 - 3,959

C.The related information of financial instruments measured at fair value by level on the basis of the nature, characteristics and risks of the assets and liabilities at December 31, 2016 and 2015 is as follows:

December 31, 2015 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Non-derivative financial instruments
Assets
Recurring fair value measurements
Financial assets at fair value through
profit or loss
Financial assets held for trading
Listed and over-the-counter stocks \$
19,623		 \$
-		 \$
-		 \$
19,623
Index funds 55,138 - - 55,138
Financial assets designated as at fair
value through profit or loss on initial
recognition
Convertible corporate bonds 3,666 - - 3,666
Mandatory convertible corporate
bonds - - 455,027 455,027
Available-for-sale financial assets
Securitized real estate products 924,963 - - 924,963
Index funds 454,200 - - 454,200
Government bonds - 1,057,061 - 1,057,061
Listed and over-the-counter stocks 1,605,502 - - 1,605,502
Listed and over-the-counter preferred
stocks - 21,643 - 21,643
Open-end funds 636,829 - - 636,829
Derivative financial instruments
Assets
Recurring fair value measurements
Financial assets at fair value through
profit or loss
FX swap contracts \$
-		 \$
54		 \$
-		 \$
54
Forward foreign exchange contracts - 4,065 - 4,065
Liabilities
Recurring fair value measurements
Financial liabilities at fair value
through profit or loss
FX swap contracts - 30,331 - 30,331
Forward foreign exchange contracts - 1,218 - 1,218

D.The methods and assumptions the Company used to measure fair value are as follows:

(a)The instruments the Company used market quoted prices as their fair values (that is, Level 1) are listed below by characteristics:

Convertible Real estate Open-end
Listed shares Index funds bond securitization products funds
Closing price Closing price Closing price Closing price Net asset value
(b)Except for financial instruments with active markets, the fair value of other financial
instruments is measured by using valuation techniques or by reference to counterparty quotes.
The fair value of financial instruments measured by using valuation techniques method can be
referred to current fair value of instruments with similar terms and characteristics in substance,
discounted cash flow method or other valuation methods, including calculated by applying
model using market information available at the balance sheet date (i.e. yield curves on the
Taipei Exchange, average commercial paper interest rates quoted from Reuters).
  • (c)When assessing non-standard and low-complexity financial instruments, for example, debt instruments without active market and swap contracts, the Company adopts valuation technique that is widely used by market participants. The inputs used in the valuation method to measure these financial instruments are normally observable in the market.
  • (d)For high-complexity financial instruments, the fair value is measured by using self-developed valuation model based on the valuation method and technique widely used within the same industry. The valuation model is normally applied to derivative financial instruments, debt instruments with embedded derivatives or securitized instruments. Certain inputs used in the valuation model are not observable at market, and the Company must make reasonable estimates based on its assumptions. The effect of unobservable inputs to the valuation of financial instruments is provided in Note 12 (1) I.
  • (e)The valuation of derivative financial instruments is based on valuation model widely accepted by market participants, such as present value techniques. Forward exchange contracts are usually valued based on the current forward exchange rate.
  • (f)The output of valuation model is an estimated value and the valuation technique may not be able to capture all relevant factors of the Company's financial instruments. Therefore, the estimated value derived using valuation model is adjusted accordingly with additional inputs, for example, model risk or liquidity risk and etc. In accordance with the Company's management policies and relevant control procedures relating to the valuation models used for fair value measurement, management believes adjustment to valuation is necessary in order to reasonably represent the fair value of financial instruments at the balance sheet. The inputs and pricing information used during valuation are carefully assessed and adjusted based on current market conditions.
  • (g)The Company takes into account adjustments for credit risks to measure the fair value of financial instruments to reflect credit risk of the counterparty and the Company's credit quality.
  • E.For the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, there were no transfer between Level 1 and Level 2.
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Re
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to
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e		 En
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ia
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ir
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n
n		 \$
5
4
8,
6
6
4		 \$
(
9
3,
6
3
)
7		 \$
-		 \$
-		 \$
-		 \$
-		 \$
-		 \$
4
5
5,
0
2
7
G
in
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iz
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g
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\$
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(
9
3,
6
3
),
iv
ly
7
t
an
re
sp
ec
e		 in
f
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p
ro
r		 lo
is
in
fro
ss
a
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g		 he
he
l
t
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m
a
ss
e		 d
fo
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y
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rs
e
n		 be
3
1,
2
ec
em
r		 0
1
6
d
2
0
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5
an		 \$
(
2
3,
4
5
9
)
w
as
G
he
de
d
be
3
1,
2
0
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D
t
r
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rs
e
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r		 1
6
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5,
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t
re
w
er
e n		 fe
in
tra
to
o
ns
r
o
r o		 fro
Le
t
u
m		 l
3.
ve

F.The following table presents the changes in level 3 instruments for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015:

H.Financial segment is in charge of valuation procedures for fair value measurements being categorized within Level 3, which is to verify independent fair value of financial instruments. Such assessment is to ensure the valuation results are reasonable by applying independent information to make results close to current market conditions, confirming the resource of information is independent, reliable and in line with other resources and represented as the exercisable price, and frequently updating inputs used to the valuation model and making any other necessary adjustments to the fair value. Financial segment set up valuation policies, valuation processes and rules for measuring fair value of financial instruments and ensure compliance with the related requirements in IFRS.

I.The following is the qualitative information of significant unobservable inputs and sensitivity analysis of changes in significant unobservable inputs to valuation model used in Level 3 fair value measurement:

ir
lu
Fa
t
va
e
a		 lu
io
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t
a
a
n		 S
ig
i
f
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t
n
n		 Ra
ng
e		 la
io
h
ip
f
Re
t
ns
o
be
3
1,
2
0
1
D
ec
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r		 6
hn
iq
te
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b
le
in
t
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o
er
va
p
u		 (
ig
h
d
)
te
w
e
av
er
ag
e		 in
fa
ir
lu
ts
to
p
u
va
e
H
br
i
d
in
tru
t:
s
m
en
y
F
in
ia
l a
fa
ir
lu
ts
t
an
c
ss
e
a
va
e
hr
h
f
i
lo
t
t o
ou
g
p
ro
r
ss
F
in
ia
l a
de
ig
d
ts
te
t
an
c
ss
e
s
na
as
a
fa
ir
lu
hr
h
f
i
lo
t
t o
va
e
ou
g
p
ro
r
ss
in
i
ia
l r
i
io
t
t
on
ec
og
n
n
ic
da
D
t
to
om
es
m
an
ry		 he
b
in
T
tre
ar
y
e
i
b
le
bo
ds
t
te
co
nv
er
co
rp
or
a
n		 \$
5
6
4
3
1,		 k
d
isc
to
t
s
c
ou
n
8		 iq
i
d
i
iu
L
ty
u
p
re
m
m		 3.
7
2
%		 L
iq
i
d
i
iu
ty
p
re
m
m
u
(
N
)
te
o		 de
l o
f
m
o		 lo
fa
ir
lu
h
ig
he
w
er
va
e
r
,
i
b
le
bo
ds
t
co
nv
er
n
ir
lu
Fa
t
va
e
a		 lu
io
V
t
a
a
n		 S
ig
i
f
ica
t
n
n		 Ra
ng
e		 la
io
h
ip
f
Re
t
ns
o
5
D
be
3
1,
2
0
1
ec
em
r		 hn
iq
te
c
ue		 bs
b
le
in
t
un
o
er
va
p
u		 (
ig
h
d
)
te
e
av
er
ag
e
w		 in
fa
ir
lu
ts
to
p
va
e
u
br
i
d
in
H
tru
t:
y
s
m
en
F
in
ia
l a
fa
ir
lu
ts
t
an
c
ss
e
a
va
e
hr
h
f
i
lo
t
t o
ou
g
p
ro
r
ss
in
ia
l a
de
ig
d
F
ts
te
t
an
c
ss
e
s
na
as
a
fa
ir
lu
hr
h
f
i
lo
t
t o
va
e
ou
g
p
ro
r
ss
in
i
ia
l r
i
io
t
t
on
ec
og
n
n
D
ic
da
t
to
om
es
m
an		 he
b
in
T
tre
ar
y
e
ry
i
b
le
bo
ds
t
te
co
nv
er
co
rp
or
a
n		 \$
4
5
5,
0
2
7		 k
d
isc
to
t
s
c
ou
n		 iq
i
d
i
iu
L
ty
u
p
re
m
m		 4.
4
%
7		 iq
i
d
i
iu
L
ty
u
p
re
m
m
(
N
)
te
o		 de
l o
f
m
o		 lo
fa
ir
lu
h
ig
he
er
va
e
r
w
,
i
b
le
bo
ds
t
co
nv
er
n

Note: Items that affect the fair value measurement of mandatory convertible corporate bonds include observable stock prices.

J.The Company has carefully assessed the valuation models and assumptions used to measure fair value; therefore, the fair value measurement is reasonable; however, different valuation model or input could result in different valuation result. Specifically, if the valuation input of financial instrument classified in Level 3 such as market interest rates increase or decrease by 50 basis points, the effects on profit and loss in the period are as follows:

be
6
D
3
1,
2
0
1
ec
em
r		 be
5
D
3
1,
2
0
1
ec
em
r
C
ha
in
fa
ir
lu
ng
e
va
e		 C
ha
in
fa
ir
lu
ng
e
va
e
ize
d
in
f
i
d
lo
t a
re
co
g
n
p
ro
n
ss
ize
d
in
f
i
d
lo
t a
re
co
g
n
p
ro
n
ss
Fa b
le
vo
ra		 fa
b
le
U
n
vo
ra		 b
le
Fa
vo
ra		 fa
b
le
U
n
vo
ra
H
br
i
d
in
tru
t:
y
s
m
en
in
ia
l a
fa
ir
lu
hr
h
f
i
lo
F
ts
t
t
t o
an
c
ss
e
a
va
e
ou
g
p
ro
r
ss
in
ia
l a
de
ig
d
fa
ir
lu
hr
h
F
ts
te
t
t
an
c
ss
e
s
na
as
a
va
e
ou
g		 \$ 4,
9
1
1		 \$
(		 4,
8
0
4		 \$ 5,
1
7		 \$
(		 5,
2
5
7
f
i
lo
in
i
ia
l r
i
io
t
t
t
p
ro
or
ss
o
n
ec
og
n
n		 ) 3 )
ir
lu
f
he
f
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ia
l
in
d
K
Fa
t
tru
ts
t m
va
e o
an
c
s
m
en
no
ea
su
re		 fa
ir
t
a
va		 lu
e

Except for the financial instruments below and investment property, the carrying amounts of the Company's financial instruments not measured at fair value (including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, other financial assets and accounts payable) are approximate to their fair values.

D
ec		 be
3
1,
2
0
1
6
em
r		 be
3
1,
2
0
1
5
D
ec
em
r
ir
lu
Fa
va
e		 ir
lu
Fa
va
e
Bo
k
lu
o
va
e		 Le
l
1
ve		 Le
l
2
ve		 Le
l
3
ve		 Bo
k
lu
o
va
e		 Le
l
ve		 1 Le
l
2
ve		 Le
l
3
ve
N
-d
iv
iv
f
in
ia
l
in
t
tru
ts
on
er
a
e
an
c
m
en
s
In
in
de
b
in
tm
ts
t
tru
ts
ve
s
en
s
m
en
i
ho
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ke
t
t a
t
t
w
u
c
e m
ar		 \$
4,
7
2
0,
9
2
7		 \$ - \$
5
3,
4
7,
9
4
2		 \$
5
1,
2
1
8,
7
4		 \$
5,
4
7
8,
8
8
2		 \$ - \$
3,
8
7
2,
1
7
8		 \$
5
1,
7
4,
8
0
6
H
l
d-
i
f
in
ia
l a
to
tu
ty
ts
e
-m
a
r
an
c
ss
e		 6,
1,
1
8
2
8
2		 - 6
5
6
1,
1
7,
8		 - - - - -

The different levels that the inputs to valuation techniques are used to measure fair value of financial instruments have been defined in Note 12 (1) B, and the methods and assumptions are as follows:

If recent transaction prices or market maker quotes are available, the fair value is based on such information. If there is no quoted market price available, the fair value is determined by using valuation techniques and calculated as the present value of the estimated cash flows.

(2) Assets and liabilities recoverable or payable within or over 12 months from the reporting date are as follows:

D
be
3
1,
2
0
1
6
ec
em
r		 D
be
3
1,
2
0
1
5
ec
em
r
W
i
h
in
t		 O
ve
r		 W
i
h
in
t		 O
ve
r
A
ts
ss
e		 Bo k
lu
o
va
e		 1
2
hs
t
m
on		 1
2
hs
t
m
on		 k
lu
Bo
o
va
e		 1
2
hs
t
m
on		 1
2
hs
t
m
on
Ca
h
d
h
iv
len
ts
s
an
ca
s
eq
a
u		 \$ 1
5,
5
8
8,
7
0
9		 \$ 1
5,
5
8
8,
7
0
9		 \$ - \$ 1
6,
4
6
1,
5
6
7		 \$ 1
6,
4
6
1,
5
6
7		 \$ -
iv
b
le
A
ts
cc
ou
n
re
ce
a		 6,
1
1
0
4
4		 6,
1
1
0
4
4		 - 6
5
2
4
8,
0		 6
5
2
4
8,
0		 -
Cu
in
t
ta
ts
rre
n
co
m
e
x
as
se		 - - - 6
9,
9
7
7		 6
9,
9
7
7		 -
F
in
ia
l a
fa
ir
lu
hr
h
f
i
ts
t
t
t
an
c
ss
e
a
va
e
ou
g
p
ro
lo
or
ss		 7
7
3,
5
5
7		 3
3
7,
3
7
6		 4
3
6,
1
8
1		 5
3
7,
5
7
3		 7
8,
8
8
0		 4
5
8,
6
9
3
A
i
la
b
le-
fo
le
f
in
ia
l a
ts
va
r-
sa
an
c
ss
e		 6,
0
0
4,
8
2
3		 5,
5
2
5,
4
6
3		 4
7
9,
3
6
0		 3,
8
0
2,
1
2
2		 3,
7
4
3,
4
5
5		 5
8,
6
6
7
in
de
b
in
i
ho
iv
In
tm
ts
t
tru
ts
t
t a
t
ve
s
en
s
m
en
w
u
c
e
ke
t
m
ar		 4,
2
0,
9
2
7
7		 0,
8
0
3
7
7		 3,
9
5
0,
1
2
4		 5,
4
8,
8
8
2
7		 1,
3
2
0,
4
4
1		 4,
1
5
8,
4
4
1
l
d-
i
f
in
ia
l a
H
to
tu
ty
ts
e
-m
a
r
an
c
ss
e		 7
4
8,
4
9
0		 8
1,
3
6
6		 6
6
7,
1
2
4		 - - -
O
he
f
in
ia
l a
t
ts
r
an
c
ss
e		 2
0
6,
2
5
9		 2
0
6,
2
5
9		 - 1,
4
2
2,
9
3
2		 1,
4
2
2,
9
3
2		 -
In
tm
t p
ty
ve
s
en
ro
p
er		 5
6
4
4,
3
8		 - 5
6
4
4,
3
8		 5
6,
4
7
3
0		 - 5
6,
4
7
3
0
in
Re
tra
t a
ts
su
ra
nc
e
co
n
c
ss
e		 6
5
3,
2
4,
2
4		 6,
2,
7
8
8
1
2		 8
3
7,
4
4
2		 5
5,
3,
4
7
8
3		 6
5
5
2,
1
9,
4		 6,
8
3
3
2
8
d
ip
Pr
ty
t
op
er
a
n
eq
u
m
en		 2
0
8,
1
9
3		 - 2
0
8,
1
9
3		 2
1
3,
4
4
4		 - 2
1
3,
4
4
4
In
i
b
le
ta
ts
ng
as
se		 2,
4
8
0		 - 2,
4
8
0		 3,
7
8
6		 - 3,
7
8
6
O
he
t
ts
r a
ss
e		 1,
0
7
8,
7
1
8		 5,
2
1
7		 1,
0
7
3,
5
0
1		 1,
0
8
6,
0
8
6		 3
0,
0
7
1		 1,
0
5
6,
0
1
5
ia
b
i
l
i
ie
L
t
s
A
b
le
ts
cc
ou
n
p
ay
a		 \$ 3
1
7,
1
4
0		 \$ 3
1
6,
6
0
1		 \$ 5
3
9		 \$ 4
2
5,
1
9
2		 \$ 4
2
3,
5
7
5		 \$ 1,
6
1
7
Cu
in
l
ia
b
i
l
i
ie
t
ta
t
rre
n
co
m
e
s
x		 8
1,
3
2
7		 8
1,
3
2
7		 - 6
8,
0
1
1		 6
8,
0
1
1		 -
in
ia
l
l
ia
b
i
l
i
ie
fa
ir
lu
hr
h
F
t
t
t
an
c
s a
va
e
ou
g
f
i
lo
t o
p
ro
r
ss		 2
5,
8
9
7		 2
5,
8
9
7		 - 3
1,
5
4
9		 3
1,
5
4
9		 -
In
l
ia
b
i
l
i
ie
t
su
ra
nc
e
s		 2
3,
5
9
4,
6
3
8		 1
3,
2
0
3,
7
8
7		 1
0,
3
9
0,
8
5
1		 2
3,
2
7
9,
6
2
5		 1
3,
2
2
9,
5
9
3		 1
0,
0
5
0,
0
3
2
Pr
is
io
ov
ns		 3,
1
4
2		 - 3,
1
4
2		 8,
0
1
5		 - 8,
0
1
5
O
he
l
ia
b
i
l
i
ie
t
t
r
s		 5,
2
3
4
2		 5
5
2
2,
2		 2,
8
1
7		 2
7,
0
1
2		 5,
2
7
0
7		 5
1,
3
0

(3) Calculation of retention earned premiums are shown below:

Y
ea
r e		 de
d
D
be
n
ec
em		 3
1,
2
r		 0
1
6
Gr
os
s		 Re
in
su
ra
nc
e		 N
ha
in
t c
e
ng
e		 Re io
d
te
t
n
n
ea
rn
e
p
re		 iu
i
t
te
m
m
s w
r
n		 p
re		 iu
de
d
m
m
s c
e		 Re
te		 io
iu
t
n
n
p
re
m
m
s		 un
ea		 d
iu
rn
e
p
re
m
m
re
se
rv
e		 iu
p
re
m
m
s
Ca
f
in
te
g
or
y
o
su
ra
nc
e		 (
1
)		 (
2
)		 (
3
)
(
1
)-
(
2
)
=		 (
4
)		 (
5
)
(
3
)-
(
4
)
=
N
-C
lso
in
on
om
p
ry
su
ra
nc
e
u		 \$ 5
1
1,
6
2
9,
7
7		 \$ 9
0
8,
8
3
0		 \$ 1
0,
7
2
0,
9
2
7		 \$ 1
0
7,
0
9
7		 \$ 1
0,
6
1
3,
8
3
0
lso
in
Co
m
p
u
ry
su
ra
nc
e		 2,
4
1
1,
9
9
4		 - 2,
4
1
1,
9
9
4		 7
3
6,
4
3		 2,
3
7
5,
5
5
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Year ended December 31, 2016
Category of insurance Reinsurance
claims paid
(1)		 Reinsurance
claims recovery
(2)		 Retention reinsurance
claims paid
(3)=(1)-(2)
Non-Compulsory insurance
Compulsory insurance		 \$ 5,852,774
2,458,280		 \$ 437,881
-		 \$ 5,414,893
2,458,280
\$ 8,311,054 \$ 437,881 \$ 7,873,173
Year ended December 31, 2015
Reinsurance
claims paid		 Reinsurance
claims recovery		 Retention reinsurance
claims paid
Category of insurance (1) (2) (3)=(1)-(2)
Non-Compulsory insurance
Compulsory insurance		 \$
6,501,351
2,678,414		 \$ 429,175
-		 \$ 6,072,176
2,678,414
\$ 9,179,765 \$ 429,175 \$ 8,750,590

(4) Calculation of retention reinsurance claims paid are shown below:

(5) Balance sheets for compulsory automobile liability insurance are as follows:

December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents \$
4,213,427		 \$
4,259,498
Due from reinsurers and ceding companies 399,816 386,720
\$
4,613,243		 \$
4,646,218
Liabilities
Unearned premium reserve \$
1,443,113		 \$
1,406,676
Claims reserve 2,086,571 2,038,176
Equalization reserve 1,083,559 1,201,366
\$
4,613,243		 \$
4,646,218

Note: As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, certain time deposits, which amounted to \$167,486 and \$739,500 included above as cash and cash equivalents of compulsory automobile liability insurance did not meet the definition of cash equivalents, consequently they are presented under other financial assets.

Year ended
December 31, 2016		 Year ended
December 31, 2015
Operating revenues
Reinsurance premiums \$ 2,411,994 \$ 2,326,504
Net change in unearned premium reserve ( 36,437) 6,937
Retention earned premiums 2,375,557 2,333,441
Interest income 13,311 19,252
\$ 2,388,868 \$ 2,352,693
Operating costs
Reinsurance claims paid \$ 2,458,280 \$ 2,678,414
Net change in claims reserve 48,395 ( 88,273)
Net change in equalization reserve ( 117,807) ( 237,448)
\$ 2,388,868 \$ 2,352,693

(6) Details of revenues and costs for compulsory automobile liability insurance are as follows:

13. RISK MANAGEMENT

The Company has established risk management policy and procedure being the highest directive of promoting enterprise risk management, to efficiently identify, assess, respond and monitor all the risks assumed and to ensure that all risks are within the limitations as planned. Reasonable consideration relationship between risk and reward has been taken into account to maximize the value of equity, maintain the capital adequacy and solvency capability and strengthen the long-term operations of business. The Company has also set up risk management committee which is in charge of executing risk management decisions made by the Board of Directors, as well as independent risk management unit which is responsible for executive affairs in daily monitoring, assessment and evaluation of risks.

With regard to the overall risk management of various circumstances, the Company implemented "Risk Managing Mechanism" covering market, credit, liquidity, operation, insurance, asset and liability, emerging market and other risks. In addition, in order to better improve the strategic risk management efficiency, risk quantitative module, finance of risk variance are put to use to analyze various businesses and calculate Value at Risk (VaR) and Risk-adjusted Return of Capital (RAROC). In addition, the Company sets up risk capacity and risk bearing as the basis for risk management, and promoting the computerization of various risk modules to continually strengthen the efficiency of risk management at the same time.

(1) Financial instruments

A.Financial risk management policies

Except for derivatives held by the Company, the Company's financial instruments mainly comprise cash and cash equivalents, and all kinds of investments. The Company utilizes those instruments to achieve adjustments to operating cash flows. The Company holds other financial assets and liabilities as well, such as notes receivable from operating activities, due from (to) reinsurers and ceding companies, reinsurance receivables (payables), other accounts receivable, and other accounts payable.

The Company undertakes derivative financial instruments such as futures, forward foreign exchange contracts and FX swap contracts to hedge fair value risk arising from fluctuations in stock prices and exchange rates.

B.Significant financial risks and degrees of financial risks

(a)Market risk

i.Foreign exchange risk

To hedge cash flow fair value risk arising from fluctuations in exchange rates, the Company undertakes derivative financial instruments such as FX swap contracts and forward foreign exchange contracts to hedge recognized assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies.

The Company estimates that the conditions of the hedge instruments and the hedged items are the same, thus maximizing the hedging effectiveness.

a)The Company's businesses involve some non-functional currency operations (the Company's functional currency: NTD). The information on assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies whose values would be materially affected by the exchange rate fluctuations is as follows:

December 31, 2016
Foreign currency
amount
(in thousands) Exchange rate Book value
Financial assets
Monetary items
CNY 412,601 4.645 \$
1,916,392
EUR 4,325 33.928 146,740
HKD 53,793 4.162 223,909
JPY 676,577 0.276 186,533
KRW 1,944,575 0.027 52,054
USD 137,160 32.279 4,427,388
Non-monetary items
CAD 2,526 23.919 60,415
CNY 205,940 4.645 956,522
HKD 355,328 4.162 1,479,017
JPY 1,411,731 0.276 389,215
USD 14,671 32.279 473,567
Financial liabilities
Monetary items
CNY 110,432 4.645 512,921
IDR 15,732,879 0.002 37,738
INR 130,140 0.475 61,846
JPY 614,704 0.276 169,474
KRW 4,955,964 0.027 132,667
SGD 1,983 22.309 44,235
USD 42,918 32.279 1,385,347
December 31, 2015
Foreign currency
amount
(in thousands) Exchange rate Book value
Financial assets
Monetary items
AUD 699 24.165 \$
16,884
CNY 581,148 5.092 2,959,348
EUR 2,025 36.105 73,114
GBP 384 49.027 18,803
HKD 182,136 4.266 777,076
IDR 6,711,244 0.002 16,104
JPY 949,112 0.275 260,659
KRW 2,429,935 0.028 68,378
USD 81,440 33.066 2,692,879
Non-monetary items
CAD 2,588 23.812 61,632
CNY 57,540 5.092 293,009
HKD 136,564 4.266 582,648
JPY 463,993 0.275 127,429
USD 14,487 33.066 479,012
Financial liabilities
Monetary items
CNY 102,632 5.092 522,629
EUR 1,948 36.105 70,344
GBP 351 49.027 17,201
HKD 11,715 4.266 49,980
IDR 20,307,710 0.002 48,730
INR 167,784 0.500 83,815
JPY 669,702 0.275 183,923
KRW 7,767,588 0.028 218,578
MYR 2,188 7.701 16,847
PHP 10,708 0.705 7,549
SGD 2,243 23.416 52,519
USD 20,968 33.066 693,325

b) Sensitivity analysis of foreign exchange risk listed in the table below is performed for reasonably possible changes in foreign exchange rates with other conditions held constant for monetary financial assets, showing the effect on profit or loss before tax.

Year ended Year ended
December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
Foreign currencies to NTD appreciate by 1% \$ 44,273 \$ 49,216
Foreign currencies to NTD depreciate by 1% ( 44,273) ( 49,216)
ii.Price risk
  • a)The values of financial instruments may be changed by economic situations, industrial circumstances, market capital flows and government monetary policies. To hedge market value risk exposures, the Company adopts diversified assets allocation strategy taking into account the current trends of financial markets to flexibly adjust assets portfolio under the provisions of Article 146 (1) ~ (8) of the Insurance Act, regulating the limits of funds utilization ratios and accordingly, disperse the market value risk.
  • b)The Company adopts the FX swap contracts and forward foreign exchange contracts to hedge exchange rate fluctuations risk on foreign-currency denominated assets. As the gain (loss) arising from exchange rate changes will mostly offset against the loss (gain) on hedged objectives, the Company estimates no material market value risk would arise. The Company is exposed to price risk because of investments in Taiwan Stock Index Futures, which have fair value in the active market. The Company sets limits to control the transaction volume and stop-loss amount of derivatives to reduce its market risk.
  • c)The Company's investments comprise equity securities and REITs, etc. Their fair value would change due to the change of the prices of equity securities. If the prices of these equity securities and REITs had increased/decreased by 1% with all other variables held constant, pre-tax profit for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 would have increased/decreased by \$3,062 and \$748, respectively, as a result of gains on equity securities classified as at fair value through profit or loss. Other components of other comprehensive income would have increased/decreased by \$55,255 and \$36,431, respectively, as a result of gains on equity securities classified as available-for-sale.

iii.Interest rate risk

Sensitivity analysis of interest rate risk listed in the table below is performed for reasonably possible changes in interest rate with other conditions held constant, showing the effect on profit or loss before tax and other comprehensive income before tax. Measurement of interest rate risk only takes into consideration the duration but does not include convexity. Relevant effects may differ from the actual values, but the differences are not significant.

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  • i.When investing in financial instruments, the Company will encounter the risks that the transaction counterparties may default on contracts and the custodians may incur operating difficulties. The Company utilizes funds and makes investments in accordance with the Article 146 of Insurance Act and relevant laws, and conducts transactions only with counterparties with good credit ratings, or ensures that financial instruments are issued or guaranteed by reputable financial institutions, or acquires adequate collaterals. The Insurance Act also puts a limit to the transaction amount on an individual counterparty. Accordingly, the maximum loss to the Company is the total amount of all book value.
  • ii.The Company utilizes funds and makes investments in financial instruments except for shortterm notes and bills, time deposits, demand deposits and cash equivalents in accordance with the Article 146 of Insurance Act and related laws, and sets limits to control the investment volume with an individual institution. Therefore, the Company has lower significant concentrations of credit risk. As for the management of credit risk of debt instruments, the Company identifies the credit risk by its rating provided by external institutions, credit quality, conditions of locations and risk of counterparties. For credit ratings of counterparties, the Company strictly complies with the Article 146 of Insurance Act, the relevant legal interpretations and the Company's internal regulations on risk control. The counterparties of bond investments are those financial institutions and companies with a certain degree of credit rating.
  • iii.The Company undertakes FX swap contracts and forward foreign exchange contracts only with high-credit-quality financial institutions. If the counterparties of Taiwan Stock Index Futures default, the futures brokers will be liable for the losses incurred on the default. Accordingly, the Company estimates no material credit risk would arise.
  • iv.The credit quality information of financial instruments is as follows:
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Note: Domestic convertible corporate bonds.

(c)Liquidity risk

  • i. The Company uses time deposits to adequately adjust its cash flows. When conducting investment evaluation, the Company will take into account the liquidity of financial instruments in secondary markets and may allocate some funds to lower-liquidity but higheryield-rate financial instruments on condition that the risk is controlled. Even if those financial instruments are sold in the short-term, there is a less likelihood that liquidity risk would arise due to the selling price being significantly lower than the fair value. However, those financial instruments are not intended to be sold in the short-term.
  • ii. The notional principal of FX swap contracts and forward foreign exchange contracts is normally used as a calculation basis of receivables and payables for these transactions, and is not the actual settlement amount. The actual settlement amount is usually lower than the notional principal. The Company has paid margins in advance before undertaking Taiwan Stock Index Futures transactions, and daily evaluates the unsettled futures positions. In case when additional margins have to be paid later on, the Company has sufficient working capital to fulfill its payment obligations. Accordingly, the Company estimates no material cash flow risk would arise.
  • iii. The table below analyzes the Company's non-derivative financial liabilities and net-settled derivative financial liabilities into groupings based on the remaining period at the end of the reporting period to the contractual maturity date.

a)Non-derivative financial liabilities

Due after one year
December 31, 2016 Due in one year through three years Total
Accounts payable
Deposits-in (under other		 \$
316,601		 \$ 539 \$
317,140
liabilities) 2,048 2,817 4,865
Due after one year
December 31, 2015 Due in one year through three years Total
Accounts payable
Deposits-in (under other		 \$
423,575		 \$ 1,617 \$
425,192
liabilities) 3,537 1,305 4,842

b)Net-settled derivative financial liabilities

Due in Due after three months
December 31, 2016 three months through one year Total
FX swap contracts \$
21,559		 \$
361		 \$
21,920
Forward foreign exchange
contract 3,959 - 3,959
Due in Due after three months
December 31, 2015 three months through one year Total
FX swap contracts \$
30,331		 \$
-		 \$
30,331
Forward foreign exchange
contract 1,218 - 1,218

(2) Risk management of insurance contracts

All insurance contracts assumed by the Company, after assessment, were considered risks transferred by reinsurance. Risk management and procedures are summarized below:

A.Measurement and management of insurance risk:

Insurance risk occurs when loss frequency, severity, timing and other possible risk factors are far from past experience. For example, natural and man-made catastrophes risk may occur randomly and thus actual claims may be more than expected.

The Company follows underwriting and risk management related guidelines to assume reinsurance business. The Company's internal quantitative model, external monitoring model, internal control system and other related systems are developed to ensure insurance risks are efficiently identified, measured, steered and monitored.

(a)Underwriting policy

The reinsurance portfolio of the Company consists of various types of reinsurance and businesses from different countries and territories. The insurance types include life insurance, property and casualty insurance and others which are in compliance with regulatory requirement. The Company's core markets are in Asia.

(b)Retrocession strategy

In consideration of financial strength, capacity and the operation strategies, the Company arranges retrocession to increase the capacity, diversify risks, mitigate retained risk and increase business competitiveness. Furthermore, the Company has purchased catastrophe cover to minimize the exposure to catastrophe loss which may greatly impact the Company's financial performance. Stringent evaluation of the reputation and credit rating of the reinsurer is taken into account when the Company arranges a retrocession contract.

Although the Company adopts various prescribed methods to control insurance risk, given the random and unpredictable nature of insured incidents, deviation may occur between the actual result and the expectation derived from historical experience.

B.Concentration of insurance risk

Premium income and retention premium income ratio based on the business type are as follows:

Year Year ended
December 31, 2016		 Year ended
December 31, 2015
Type Reinsurance Retention Reinsurance Retention
premiums premiums premiums premiums
Domestic inward property reinsurance
business		 62.33% 61.67% 58.58% 57.73%
Domestic inward life reinsurance business 27.66% 28.18% 30.73% 31.37%
Subtotal-Domestic inward reinsurance
business		 89.99% 89.85% 89.31% 89.10%
Foreign inward reinsurance business 10.01% 10.15% 10.69% 10.90%
Total 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

C.Sensitivity analysis of insurance risk

The retention earned premium income of the Company (excluding the compulsory automobile liability insurance business) for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 were \$10,613,830 and \$11,007,376, respectively. If the change of combined ratio of the Company is 1%, the estimated effect on gains and losses of underwriting for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 would be approximately \$106,138 and \$110,074, respectively.

D.Loss development pattern

(a)As of December 31, 2016, the following table indicates the loss development pattern of the Company's inward business:

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0
1
3		 2
0
1
4		 2
0
1
5		 2
0
1
6		 l
To
ta
No
in
sta
tut
n-
ory
sur
an
ce
Ac
lat
d e
im
d c
la
im
st
ate
nt
cu
mu
e
am
ou
At
he
d o
f t
he
t
en
y
ea
r		 \$ 4,
7
6
4,
1
3
3		 \$ 4,
3
3
3,
2
4
5		 \$ \$
5,
2
2
2,
4
8
5		 4,
4
8
2,
8
1
9		 \$ 5,
0
6
7,
7
4
1		 \$ 4,
8
2
3,
2
2
3
fte
he
f
irs
A
r t
t y
ea
r		 8,
4
0
6,
6
3
6		 3
4
1,
2
2
6
7,		 9,
6
6
6,
2
1
5		 2
9
2,
5
6
6
7,		 5
2
1,
0
5
5
7,
A
fte
he
d y
r t
se
co
n
ea
r		 7,
8
7
2,
8
3
0		 7,
0
7
7,
2
6
3		 9,
0
3
3,
7
4
2		 6,
8
3
7,
7
9
1
fte
he
h
ir
d y
A
r t
t
ea
r		 7,
6
2
1,
2
1
9		 6,
7
0
3,
1
0
7		 8,
8
1
2,
9
0
8
A
fte
he
fou
h y
r t
rt
ea
r		 5,
7,
4
4
7
6
7		 6,
4
8
6,
3
0
7
fte
he
f
i
ft
h y
A
r t
ea
r		 3
8,
1
5
3
7,
7
Ac
lat
d e
im
d c
la
im
st
ate
nt
cu
mu
e
am
ou		 7,
3
7
8,
1
5
3		 6,
4
8
6,
3
0
7		 8,
8
1
2,
9
0
8		 6,
8
3
7,
7
9
1		 7,
5
2
1,
0
5
5		 4,
8
2
3,
2
2
3		 \$ 4
1,
8
5
9,
4
3
7
lat
d c
la
im
Ac
nt
cu
mu
e
p
ay
me		 ( 6,
6,
8
3
9
7
4
)		 ( 5,
6
6
8
0,
8
0
)		 ( 5
6
7,
8
4
1,
4
)
(		 5,
6
5
5,
6
0
8
)		 ( 5
5
4,
7,
7
2
3
)		 ( 8
0
0,
0
3
3
)		 ( 5
5
5
3
1,
2,
1
0
)
Ac
lat
d u
i
d c
la
im
cu
mu
e
np
a		 5
4
1,
1
9
7		 6
2
5,
5
0
1		 9
1,
3
6
2
7		 1,
1
8
2,
2
3
7		 2,
9
6
3,
3
3
2		 4,
0
2
3,
1
9
0		 1
0,
3
0
2
8
7,
7
d
d:
lat
d u
i
d
A
ac
cu
mu
e
np
a		 1,
9
5
8,
9
4
la
im
be
for
2
0
1
0
c
e
bto
l		 2
1
2
6
2
2
9
Su
ta		 2,
6,
is
ion
for
in
Pr
st
atu
tor
ov
y
sur
an
ce
la
im
(
)
No
te
c
s r
ese
rv
e		 - - 6
4
1,
9
2		 2
7
1,
1
4
2		 6
6
9
0
0,
1		 8
7
3,
4
8
1		 2,
0
8
7,
2
1
0
it
ion
in
ba
lan
he
Re
et
co
g
n
ce
s
(
de
la
im
f
un
r c
s r
ese
rv
e o		 \$ 1
4,
3
5
3,
4
3
9
in
l
ia
b
i
l
it
ies
)
sur
an
ce
f u
de
it
ing
Ye
ar
o
n
rw
r		 2
0
1
1		 2
0
1
2		 2
0
1
3		 2
0
1
4		 2
0
1
5		 2
0
1
6		 l
To
ta
No
in
sta
tut
n-
ory
sur
an
ce
Ac
lat
d e
im
d c
la
im
st
ate
nt
cu
mu
e
am
ou
At
he
d o
f t
he
t
en
ea
r
y		 \$ \$
4,
4
5
5,
2
2
7		 \$
4,
0
6
2,
5
3
5		 \$
4,
9
2
4,
6
9
9		 \$
4,
2
1
8,
3
7
7		 \$
4,
9
6,
4
8
7
7		 4,
5
0
1,
3
1
1
A
fte
he
f
irs
r t
t y
ea
r		 7,
7
6
8,
7
8
1		 6,
7
9
7,
3
7
0		 9,
0
7
6,
1
9
1		 6,
8
0
9,
1
0
8		 7,
0
1
2,
1
6
4
A
fte
he
d y
r t
se
co
n
ea
r		 7,
3
1
2,
0
0
8		 6,
5
6,
9
7
7
7		 5
5,
5
6
8,
0
4		 6,
5
4
2
0,
1
1
fte
he
h
ir
d y
A
r t
t
ea
r		 7,
0
7
8,
1
2
1		 6,
2
6
2,
3
6
4		 8,
2
9
6,
2
1
1
A
fte
he
fou
h y
r t
rt
ea
r		 6,
9
1
4,
6
0
9		 6,
0
4
8,
9
6
3
fte
he
f
i
ft
h y
A
r t
ea
r		 6,
8
4
6,
4
1
6
Ac
lat
d e
im
d c
la
im
st
ate
nt
cu
mu
e
am
ou		 6,
8
4
6,
4
1
6		 6,
0
4
8,
9
6
3		 8,
2
9
6,
2
1
1		 6,
4
2
0,
1
5
1		 0
1
2,
1
6
4
7,		 4,
5
0
1,
3
1
1		 \$
3
9,
1
2
5,
2
1
6
lat
d c
la
im
Ac
nt
cu
mu
e
p
ay
me		 ( 6,
3
2
8,
9
3
2
)
(		 5,
4
4
9,
6
4
3
)
(		 7,
4
2
4,
2
2
4
)
(		 5,
2
9
6,
8
9
4
)
(		 4,
2
5
2,
3
9
2
)
(		 7
4
5,
9
6
4
)
(		 2
9,
4
9
8,
0
4
9
)
Ac
lat
d u
i
d c
la
im
cu
mu
e
np
a		 5
1
4
8
4
7,		 5
9
9,
3
2
0		 8
1,
9
8
7
7		 1,
1
2
3,
2
5
7		 2,
5
9,
2
7
7
7		 3,
5
5,
3
4
7
7		 9,
6
2
1
6
7,
7
A
d
d:
lat
d u
i
d
ac
cu
mu
e
np
a
la
im
be
for
2
0
1
0
c
e		 1,
8
0
1,
6
2
0
bto
l
Su
ta		 1
1,
4
2
8,
7
8
7
Pr
is
ion
for
in
st
atu
tor
ov
y
sur
an
ce
la
im
(
No
)
te
c
s r
ese
rv
e		 - - 4
1,
9
2
6		 2
1,
1
4
2
7		 9
0
0,
6
6
1		 8
3,
4
8
1
7		 2,
0
8
2
1
0
7,
it
ion
in
ba
lan
he
Re
et
co
g
n
ce
s		 \$
5
5,
1
3,
1
9
9
7

(b)As of December 31, 2016, the following table indicates the loss development pattern of the Company's retention business:

f u
de
it
ing
Ye
ar
o
n
rw
r		 2
0
1
0		 2
0
1
1		 2
0
1
2		 2
0
1
3		 2
0
1
4		 5
2
0
1		 To
l
ta
in
No
sta
tut
n-
ory
sur
an
ce
Ac
lat
d e
im
d c
la
im
st
ate
nt
cu
mu
e
am
ou
At
he
d o
f t
he
t
en
ea
r
y		 \$ \$
3,
2
4
8,
6
6
4		 4,
6
4,
1
3
3
7		 \$
4,
3
3
3,
2
4
5		 \$ 5,
2
2
2,
4
8
5		 \$ 4,
4
8
2,
8
1
9		 \$ 5,
0
6
4
1
7,
7
fte
he
f
irs
A
r t
t y
ea
r		 7,
9
4
6,
7
0
1		 8,
4
0
6,
6
3
6		 7,
3
4
1,
2
2
6		 9,
6
6
6,
2
1
5		 7,
2
9
2,
5
6
6
fte
he
d y
A
r t
se
co
n
ea
r		 7,
7
1
7,
9
5
2		 7,
8
7
2,
8
3
0		 7,
0
7
7,
2
6
3		 9,
0
3
3,
7
4
2
A
fte
he
h
ir
d y
r t
t
ea
r		 7,
4
0
9,
3
2
8		 7,
6
2
1,
2
1
9		 6,
7
0
3,
1
0
7
A
fte
he
fou
h y
r t
rt
ea
r		 5
7,
3
1,
0
8
0		 5,
6
7,
4
4
7
7
A
fte
he
f
i
ft
h y
r t
ea
r		 7,
2
4
2,
5
3
4
lat
d e
im
d c
la
im
Ac
st
ate
nt
cu
mu
e
am
ou		 7,
2
4
2,
5
3
4		 7,
4
4
5,
7
6
7		 6,
7
0
3,
1
0
7		 9,
0
3
3,
7
4
2		 7,
2
9
2,
5
6
6		 5,
0
6
7,
7
4
1		 \$ 4
2,
7
8
5,
4
5
7
Ac
lat
d c
la
im
nt
cu
mu
e
p
ay
me		 ( 6,
6
1
5
1
)
(
7
7,		 6,
9
0,
3
9
4
)
(
7		 5,
9
0,
3
0
9
)
7		 ( 6
2
0,
3
8
)
7,
7		 ( 4,
6
8
8,
4
2
)
7		 ( 9
8
3
5
3
)
7,		 ( 3
2,
6
4
4,
3
2
)
7
Ac
lat
d u
i
d c
la
im
cu
mu
e
np
a		 5,
4
7
3
8
3		 6
5
5,
3
7
3		 9
1
2,
7
9
8		 1,
4
1
3,
0
0
4		 6
2,
0
4,
1
3
9		 4,
0
8
0,
3
8
8		 5
1
0,
1
4
1,
0
8
A
d
d:
lat
d u
i
d c
la
im
be
for
ac
cu
mu
e
np
a
e		 1,
8
8
3,
9
2
2
0
0
9
Su
bto
l
ta		 0
1
2,
0
2
5,
0
0
5
Pr
is
ion
for
in
st
atu
tor
ov
su
ran
ce
y
la
im
(
)
No
te
c
s r
ese
rv
e		 - - 4
2,
4
3
5		 2
9
4,
2
8
1		 9
2
9,
3
5
4		 2,
1
4
4
7
7		 2,
0
3
8,
2
1
4
Re
it
ion
in
ba
lan
he
(
de
et
co
g
n
ce
s
un
r		 \$ 1
4,
0
6
3,
2
1
9
la
im
f
in
l
ia
b
i
l
it
ies
)
c
s r
ese
rv
e o
sur
an
ce

(c)As of December 31, 2015, the following table indicates the loss development pattern of the Company's inward business:

Ye
f u
de
it
ing
ar
o
n
rw
r		 2
0
1
0		 2
0
1
1		 2
0
1
2		 2
0
1
3		 2
0
1
4		 2
0
1
5		 l
To
ta
in
No
sta
tut
n-
ory
sur
an
ce
Ac
lat
d e
im
d c
la
im
st
ate
nt
cu
mu
e
am
ou
At
he
d o
f t
he
t
en
y
ea
r		 \$ \$
3,
0
0
3,
4
3
1		 4,
4
5
5,
7
2		 \$
2		 4,
0
6
2,
5
3
5		 \$ 4,
9
2
4,
6
9
9		 \$ 4,
2
1
8,
7
7
3		 \$ 4,
7
9
6,
4
8
7
A
fte
he
f
irs
r t
t y
ea
r		 7,
2
9
2,
3
9
3		 7,
7
6
8,
7
8		 1 6,
7
9
7,
3
7
0		 9,
0
7
6,
1
9
1		 6,
8
0
9,
1
0
8
A
fte
he
d y
r t
se
co
n
ea
r		 0
8
5,
9
3
8
7,		 3
1
2,
0
0
7,		 8 6,
5
9
6,
7
7
7		 8,
5
0
5,
5
4
6
A
fte
he
h
ir
d y
r t
t
ea
r		 5
6,
8
1
2,
1
3		 7,
0
7
8,
1
2		 1 6,
2
6
2,
3
6
4
A
fte
he
fou
h y
r t
rt
ea
r		 6,
6
7
1,
2
1
8		 6,
6
9
1
4,
0		 9
A
fte
he
f
i
ft
h y
r t
ea
r		 5
6,
6
3,
6
9
3
lat
d e
im
d c
la
im
Ac
st
ate
nt
cu
mu
e
am
ou		 6,
6
5
3,
6
9
3		 6,
9
1
4,
6
0		 9 6,
2
6
2,
3
6
4		 8,
5
0
5,
5
4
6		 6,
8
0
9,
1
0
8		 4,
7
9
6,
4
8
7		 \$ 3
9,
9
4
1,
8
0
7
Ac
lat
d c
la
im
nt
cu
mu
e
p
ay
me		 ( 6,
2
0
1
4
6
)
(
7,		 6,
2
8
4,
5
7		 4
)
(		 5,
3
8
2,
9
3
3
)		 ( 2
1
9,
4
5
1
)
7,		 ( 4,
4
0
0
0
)
7,
7		 ( 9
5
3,
3
1
)
7		 ( 3
0,
4
5
4,
8
4
2
)
Ac
lat
d u
i
d c
la
im
cu
mu
e
np
a		 4
4
6,
5
4
7		 6
3
0,
0
3		 5 8
7
9,
4
3
1		 1,
2
8
6,
0
9
5		 2,
4
0
2,
1
0
1		 3,
8
4
2,
7
5
6		 9,
4
8
6,
9
6
5
A
d
d:
lat
d u
i
d c
la
im
be
for
ac
cu
mu
e
np
a
e		 1,
7
0
1,
7
1
2
0
0
9		 2
bto
l
Su
ta		 6
1
1,
1
8
8,
7
7
is
ion
for
in
Pr
st
atu
tor
ov
y
su
ran
ce
la
im
(
No
)
te
c
s r
ese
rv
e		 - - 5
4
2,
4
3		 2
9
4,
2
8
1		 5
9
2
9,
3
4		 7
7
2,
1
4
4		 2,
0
3
8,
2
1
4
it
ion
in
ba
lan
he
Re
et
co
g
n
ce
s		 \$ 1
3,
2
2
6,
8
9
1

(d)As of December 31, 2015, the following table indicates the loss development pattern of the Company's retention business:

14. THE OBJECTIVE, POLICY AND PROCEDURE OF CAPITAL MANAGEMENT

The Company's primary objectives when managing capital are to safeguard capital adequacy and solvency of the Company in order to support the Company's sustainable development and continuously create interests for shareholder.

In practice, Taiwan insurance enterprises usually measure whether the capital is adequate by using the capital adequacy ratio. Pursuant to Article 143-4 of Insurance Act, an insurance enterprise's ratio of self-owned capital to risk-based capital may not be lower than 200%. The Company calculates the capital adequacy ratio every six months in accordance with "Regulations Governing Capital Adequacy of Insurance Companies" to ensure that it can continuously meet the statutory capital requirement.

In accordance with "Regulations Governing Capital Adequacy of Insurance Companies", capital adequacy ratio is calculated as self-owned capital divided by risk-based capital. Self-owned capital is the total capital approved by the competent authority, which includes recognized owners' equity and other adjustment items as regulated by the competent authority; risk-based capital is the total capital calculated based on the extent of risk that an insurance enterprise assumes in its actual operations. Capital adequacy ratios of the Company as at December 31, 2016 and 2015 were all above 300% and in compliance with regulation.

15. OTHER DISCLOSURES

  • (1) Information of significant transactions
  • A.Acquisition of real estate in excess of \$300,000 or 20% of the paid-up capital: None.
  • B.Disposals of real estate in excess of \$300,000 or 20% of the paid-up capital: None.
  • C.Related party transactions in excess of \$100,000 or 20% of the paid-up capital: None.
  • D.Accounts receivable from related parties in excess of \$100,000 or 20% of the paid-up capital: None.
  • E.Derivative business transactions: Please see Note 6 (3).
  • F.Business and significant transactions between the parent company and subsidiaries, and those between subsidiaries: None.
  • (2) Information related to long-term investments None.
  • (3) Investments in Mainland China and business transactions None.

16. SEGMENT INFORMATION

(1) General information

The Company operates business only in reinsurance services. The Company allocates resources and assesses performance of the Company as a whole, and has identified that the Company has only one reportable operating segment.

(2) Product information

The Company has only one kind of product; therefore, disclosure of financial information by product is not applicable.

(3) Geographical information

Premium income of the Company from domestic and foreign clients for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 are as follows:

Year ended Year ended
December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
Domestic inward reinsurance \$
12,635,750		 \$
12,677,258
Foreign inward reinsurance 1,406,001 1,517,032
\$
14,041,751		 \$
14,194,290

(4) Major customer information

There are specific customers of Compulsory Motor Insurance Pool that contributed over 10% of the total revenue stated on the Company's statement of comprehensive income. In 2016 and 2015, the premium income from these customers amounted to \$2,411,994 and \$2,326,504, constituting 17.18% and 16.39% of the related totals, respectively.

17. BORROWINGS RESULTED FROM PAYMENT OF CLAIMS

None.

18. ACQUISITION, CONSTRUCTION, IDLELIZATION AND SALES OF MAIN OPERATING ASSETS AND REAL ESTATE INVESTMENTS

None. 19. IMPORTANT LAWSUITS IN PROGRESS OR ADJUDICATED

None.

20. IMPORTANT CONTRACTS SIGNED, DISCHARGED BY PERFORMANCE, AGREEMENT, OR BREACHED

Aside from regular contracts related to the insurance business, the Company had no important contracts signed, discharged by performance, agreement, or breached.

21. INVESTMENT ITEMS AND INVESTMENT CEILINGS WITH THE INVESTMENT FUNDS BEING HANDLED AND MANAGED BY THE SECURITIES INVESTMENT TRUST COMPANIES OR SECURITIES INVESTMENT CONSULTING COMPANIES None.

  1. ADJUSTMENT OF ORGANIZATION AND SIGNIFICANT CHANGE OR REFORM OF MANAGEMENT MECHANISM

For status of the Company's application to establish an offshore insurance branch, please refer to the explanation in Note 1.

  1. EFFECTS OF SIGNIFICANT CHANGES IN GOVERNMENT LAWS None.

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