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CENTAURUS METALS LIMITED — Capital/Financing Update 2021
Dec 29, 2021
64715_rns_2021-12-29_049a8646-88d4-4a8b-87db-60647fb0d94e.pdf
Capital/Financing Update
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AUSTRALIAN SECURITIES EXCHANGE ANNOUNCEMENT AND MEDIA RELEASE
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30 December 2021
CENTAURUS COMMENCES TRADING ON US-BASED OTCQX MARKET
Centaurus Metals (ASX Code: CTM ) is pleased to announce that its application to join the US-based OTCQX market has been accepted and the Company’s shares will commence trading in the US on the OTCQX platform under the ticker OTCQX: CTTZF on 30 December 2021.
The OTCQX Best Market is the highest tier of OTC Markets Group’s market platforms, on which 11,000 US and global securities trade. In order to be eligible for the OTCQX, companies must meet high financial standards, follow best practice corporate governance and demonstrate compliance with applicable US securities law.
Trading on the OTXQX will enhance the visibility and accessibility of Centaurus to the extensive market of North American retail, high net worth and institutional investors. The primary advantages to North American investors of Centaurus’ inclusion on the OTCQX platform include:
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It allows trading of Centaurus’ securities in the local timezone;
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Trades and settlements are conducted in US Dollars with no exchange rate risk or additional FX fees; and
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The OTCQX share is the same class of Ordinary Share to ASX traded stock (ASX: CTM).
Centaurus’ primary listing will continue to be the Australian Securities Exchange (“ASX”) with its shares now also tradeable on the OTCQX market (www.otcmarkets.com).
Centaurus Metals Managing Director, Mr Darren Gordon, said: “ We are pleased that our application for our shares to be traded on the OTCQX has been accepted, allowing Centaurus to join the North American financial community at a time of unprecedented investment by the US Government and industry in electrification and decarbonization initiatives. Central to this theme is the demand for low-emission nickel, which is exactly what Centaurus can deliver from its very large, low-emission Jaguar Nickel Sulphide Project in northern Brazil, which has a globally significant JORC Mineral Resource of 80.6Mt @ 0.91% Ni for 730,700 tonnes of contained nickel.
“Whilst a common pathway for registration on the OTCQX Best Market is to upgrade from a lower-level market such as the OTCQB Venture Market, Centaurus’ credentials, market cap and share price have allowed us to directly join the OTCQX Best Market.
“This important step to seek entry onto the OTCQX follows the increased level of US investor interest in the Company from North American investors – a market which has always had a deep understanding of the mineral endowment and quality of mineral assets in Brazil.”
Australian Office Centaurus Metals Limited Level 2, 1 Ord Street West Perth WA 6005 AUSTRALIA
Brazilian Office ASX: CTM Centaurus Brasil Mineração Ltda ACN 009 468 099 Avenida Barão Homem de Melo, 4391 [email protected] Salas 606 e 607 - Estoril T: +61 8 6424 8420 CEP: 30.494.275, Belo Horizonte MG BRAZIL
AUSTRALIAN SECURITIES EXCHANGE ANNOUNCEMENT & MEDIA RELEASE
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-ENDS-
For further enquiries please contact:
Authorised for Release by
Nicholas Read Darren Gordon Read Corporate Managing Director M: +61 419 929 046 Centaurus Metals Ltd T: +61 8 9388 1474 T: +61 8 6424 8420
About Centaurus Metals Ltd
Centaurus Metals Limited (ASX: CTM; OTXQX: CTTZF) is an Australian-headquartered minerals exploration and development company focused on the near-term development of the globally significant Jaguar Nickel Sulphide Project in the world-class Carajás Mineral Province of Northern Brazil – one of the world’s premier mining addresses.
In May 2021, the Company delivered a Scoping Study for the production of 20,000 tonnes per annum of nickel in sulphate at Jaguar over an initial mine life of 13 years. The study demonstrated compelling economics and very low forecast GHG Emissions of only 4.69t CO2/tonne of nickel equivalent.
The Company recently upgraded its JORC 2012 Mineral Resource Estimate to 80.6Mt @ 0.91% Ni for 730,700 tonnes of contained nickel which is expected to deliver enhanced economics in the Definitive Feasibility Study, due for completion by the end of 2022.
Competent Persons’ Statement
The information in this report that relates to Exploration Results is based on information compiled by Mr Roger Fitzhardinge who is a Member of the Australasia Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. Mr Fitzhardinge is a permanent employee and shareholder of Centaurus Metals Limited. Mr Fitzhardinge has sufficient experience which is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under consideration and to the activity which he is undertaking to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the ‘Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves’. Mr Fitzhardinge consents to the inclusion in the report of the matters based on his information in the form and context in which it appears.
The information in this report that relates to the Jaguar Mineral Resource is based on information compiled by Mr Lauritz Barnes (consultant with Trepanier Pty Ltd) and Mr Roger Fitzhardinge (a permanent employee and shareholder of Centaurus Metals Limited). Mr Barnes and Mr Fitzhardinge are both members of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. Mr Barnes and Mr Fitzhardinge have sufficient experience of relevance to the styles of mineralisation and types of deposits under consideration, and to the activities undertaken to qualify as Competent Persons as defined in the 2012 Edition of the Joint Ore Reserves Committee (JORC) Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves. Specifically, Mr Fitzhardinge is the Competent Person for the database (including all drilling information), the geological and mineralisation models plus completed the site visits. Mr Barnes is the Competent Person for the construction of the 3-D geology / mineralisation model plus the estimation. Mr Barnes and Mr Fitzhardinge consent to the inclusion in this report of the matters based on their information in the form and context in which they appear.
AUSTRALIAN SECURITIES EXCHANGE ANNOUNCEMENT & MEDIA RELEASE
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APPENDIX A – Compliance Statements for the Jaguar Project
The following Tables are provided for compliance with the JORC Code (2012 Edition) requirements for the reporting of Exploration Results and Mineral Resources at the Jaguar Project.
SECTION 1 - SAMPLING TECHNIQUES AND DATA
(Criteria in this section apply to all succeeding sections).
| Criteria | Commentary |
|---|---|
| Sampling techniques | • Historical soil sampling was completed by Vale. Samples were taken at 50m intervals along 200m spaced north-south grid lines. • Surface material was first removed, and sample holes were dug to roughly 20cm depth. A 5kg sample was taken from the subsoil. The sample was placed in a plastic sample bag with a sample tag before being sent to the lab. • Surface rock chip/soil samples were collected from in situ outcrops and rolled boulders and submitted for chemical analysis. • The historical drilling is all diamond drilling. Drill sections are spaced 100m apart and generally there is 50 to 100m spacing between drill holes on sections. • Core was cut and ¼ core sampled and sent to commercial laboratories for physical preparation and chemical assay. • At the laboratories, samples were dried (up to 105°C), crushed to 95% less than 4mm, homogenized, split and pulverized to 0.105mm. A pulverized aliquot was separated for analytical procedure. • Sample length along core varies between 0.3 to 4.0m, with an average of 1.48m; sampling was done according to lithological contacts and generally by 1m intervals within the alteration zones and 2m intervals along waste rock. • Current drilling is being completed on spacing of 100m x 50m or 50m x 50m. Sample length along core varies between 0.5 to 1.5m • Core is cut and ¼ core sampled and sent to accredited independent laboratory (ALS). • For metallurgical test work continuous downhole composites are selected to represent the metallurgical domain and ¼ core is sampled and sent to ALS Metallurgy, Balcatta, Perth. • Samples from RC drilling are split to make 3-5kg samples. The sample is placed in a plastic sample bagwith a sample tagbefore beingsent to the laboratory. |
| Drilling techniques | • Historical drilling was carried out between 2006 to 2010 by multiple drilling companies (Rede and Geosol), using wire-line hydraulic diamond rigs, drilling NQ and HQ core. • Vale drilled 169 drill holes for a total of 56,592m of drilling in the resource area. All drill holes were drilled at 55⁰-60⁰ towards either 180⁰ or 360⁰. The resource considers 49 drill holes completed by Centaurus for a total of 17,941m of drilling. All drill holes were drilled at 55⁰-75⁰ towards either 180⁰ or 360⁰. • Current drilling is a combination of HQ and NQ core (Servdrill). • The current RC drilling is completed by Geosenda Sondagem using a face sampling hammer (4.5”). Sample is collected from the sample cyclone in large plastic sample bags. Samples are then split either by riffle splitters or manually (fish bone method) where there is high moisture content. • All RC holes were sampled on 1m intervals. Sample size, sample recovery estimate and conditions were recorded. |
| Drill sample recovery | • Diamond Drilling recovery rates are being calculated at each drilling run. • For all diamond drilling, core recoveries were logged and recorded in the database for all historical and current diamond holes. To date overall recoveries are >98% and there are no core loss issues or significant sample recovery problems. • To ensure adequate sample recovery and representativity a Centaurus geologist or field technician is present during drilling and monitors the sampling process. • No relationship between sample recovery and grade has been demonstrated. No bias to material size has been demonstrated. • RC sample weights are taken for all samples and a recovery estimate are made where the sample is not wet. Where the sample is wet a visual estimate of the sample recovery is made. The estimated recovery is approximately 90%, which is considered acceptable for the deposit type. • To ensure the representative nature of the sample, the cyclone and sample hoses are cleaned after each metre of drilling, the rig has two cyclones to facilitate the process. Additionally, extra care is taken when drilling through the water table or other zones of difficult ground conditions. • Noquantitative twinned drillinganalysis has been undertaken at theproject to date. |
| Logging | • Historical outcrop and soil sample points were registered and logged in the Vale geological mapping point database. • All drill holes have been logged geologically and geotechnically by Vale or Centaurus geologists. • Drill samples are logged for lithology, weathering, structure, mineralisation and alteration among other features. Loggingis carried out to industrystandard and is audited byCentaurus CP. |
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| Criteria | Commentary |
|---|---|
| • Logging for drilling is qualitative and quantitative in nature. • All historical and new diamond core has been photographed. • Geologists complete a visual log of the RC samples on 1m intervals at the time of drilling. Logging captures colour, rock-type, mineralogy, alteration and mineralisation style. Logging is both qualitative and quantitative. • Chiptrays have been collected, photographed and stored for all drill holes to-date. |
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| Sub-sampling techniques and sample preparation |
• Diamond Core (HQ/NQ) was cut using a core saw, ¼ core was sampled. Sample length along core varies between 0.3 to 4.0m, with an average of 1.48m; sampling was done according to lithological contacts and generally by 1m intervals within the alteration zones and 2m intervals along the waste rock. • There is no non-core sample within the historical drill database. • For RC sampling 1m samples are taken from the cyclone and then split by rifle splitter (if dry) or manually (if wet) using the fish-bone technique. Sample weight is between 3-5kg. • QAQC: Standards (multiple standards are used on a rotating basis) are inserted every 20 samples. Blanks have been inserted every 20 samples. Field duplicates are completed every 30 samples. Additionally, there are laboratory standards and duplicates that have been inserted. • Centaurus has adopted the same sampling QAQC procedures which are in line with industry standards and Centaurus’s current operating procedures. • Sample sizes are appropriate for the nature of the mineralisation. • All historical geological samples were received and prepared by SGS Geosol or ALS Laboratories as 0.5-5.0kg samples. They were dried at 105°C until the sample was completely dry (6-12hrs), crushed to 90% passing 4mm and reduced to 400g. The samples were pulverised to 95% passing 150µm and split further to 50g aliquots for chemical analysis. • New samples are being sent to ALS Laboratories. The samples are dried, crushed and pulverised to 85% passing 75µm and split further to 250g aliquots for chemical analysis. • During the preparation process grain size control was completed by the laboratories (1 per 20 samples). • Metallurgical samples are crushed to 3.35mm and homogenised. Samples are then split to 1kg sub- samples. Sub-samples areground to specific sizes fractions(53-106µm)for flotation testwork. |
| Quality of assay data and laboratory tests |
• Chemical analysis for drill core and soil samples was completed by multi element using Inductively Coupled Plasma ICPAES (multi-acid digestion); ore grade analysis was completed with Atomic Absorption (multi-acid digestion); sulphur analysis was completed with Leco, and Au and PGEs completed via Fire Assay. • New samples are being analysed for 48 elements by multi element using ME-MS61 (multi-acid digestion) at ALS Laboratories; ore grade analysis was completed with ICP-AES (multi-acid digestion); sulphur analysis was completed with Leco, and Au and PGEs completed via Fire Assay. • ALS Laboratories insert their own standards at set frequencies and monitor the precision of the analysis. The results reported are well within the specified standard deviations of the mean grades for the main elements. Additionally, ALS perform repeat analyses of sample pulps at a rate of 1:20 (5% of all samples). These compare very closely with the original analysis for all elements. • Vale inserted standard samples every 20 samples (representing 5%). Mean grades of the standard samples are well within the specified 2 standard deviations. • All laboratory procedures are in line with industry standards. Analysis of field duplicates and lab pulp duplicates have returned an average correlation coefficient of over 0.98 confirming that the precision of the samples is within acceptable limits. • Vale QAQC procedures and results are to industry standard and are of acceptable quality. • All metallurgical chemical analysis is completed byALS laboratories |
| Verification of sampling and assaying |
• All historical samples were collected by Vale field geologists. All assay results were verified by alternative Vale personnel. The Centaurus CP has verified the historical significant intersections. • Centaurus Exploration Manager and Senior Geologist verify all new results and visually confirm significant intersections. • No twin holes have been completed. • All primary data is now stored in the Centaurus Exploration office in Brazil. All new data is collected on Excel Spreadsheet, validated and then sent to independent database administrator (MRG) for storage (DataShed). • No adjustments have been made to the assaydata. |
| Location of data points | • All historical collars were picked up using DGPS or Total Station units. Centaurus has checked multiple collars in the field and has confirmed their location. All field sample and mapping points were collected using a Garmin handheld GPS. • An aerial survey was completed by Esteio Topografia and has produced a detailed surface DTM at (1:1000 scale). • The survey grid system used is SAD-69 22S. This is in line with Brazilian Mines Department requirements. |
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| Criteria | Commentary |
|---|---|
| • New drill holes are sighted with handheld GPS and after completion picked-up by an independent survey consultant periodically. Downhole survey for all the historical drill holes and Centaurus hole up to JAG-DD-19-012 used Maxibor equipment. All new drill holes are being downhole surveyed usingReflex digital down-hole tool,with readings everymetre. |
|
| Data spacing and distribution |
• Soil samples were collected on 40m spacing on section with distance between sections of 200m and 400m depending on location. • Sample spacing was deemed appropriate for geochemical studies. • The historical drilling is all diamond drilling. Drill sections are spaced 100m apart and generally there is 50 to 100m spacing between drill holes on sections. Centaurus is in the process of closing the drill spacing to 100m x 50m or 50m x 50m. • No sample compositing was applied to the drilling. • Metallurgical samples to date have been taken from Jaguar South, Jaguar Central, Jaguar North and Onça Preta. |
| Orientation of data in relation to geological structure |
• Historical drilling was oriented at 55⁰-60⁰ to either 180⁰ or 360⁰. This orientation is generally perpendicular to the main geological sequence along which broad scale mineralisation exists. • Mineralisation is sub-vertical; the majority of the drilling is at low angle (55-60⁰) in order to achieve intersections at the most optimal angle. |
| Sample security | • All historical and current samples are placed in pre-numbered plastic sample bags and then a sample ticket was placed within the bag as a check. Bags are sealed and then transported by courier to the ALS laboratories in Vespasiano, MG. • All remnant Vale diamond core has now been relocated to the Company’s own core storage facility in Tucumã,PA. |
| Audits or reviews | • The Company is not aware of any audit or review that has been conducted on the project to date. |
SECTION 2 - REPORTING OF EXPLORATION RESULTS
(Criteria listed in the preceding Section also apply to this section).
| Criteria | Commentary |
|---|---|
| Mineral tenement and land tenure status |
• The Jaguar project includes one exploration licence (856392/1996) for a total of circa 30km2. A Mining Lease Application has been lodged that allows for ongoing exploration and project development ahead of project implementation. • The tenement is part of a Sale & Purchase Agreement (SPA) with Vale SA. Two deferred consideration payments totalling US$6.75M (US$1.75 million on commencement of BFS or 3 years and US$5 million on commencement of commercial production) and a production royalty of 0.75% are to follow. Centaurus has taken on the original obligation of Vale to BNDES for 1.8% Net Operating Revenue royalty. • Mining projects in Brazil are subject to a CFEM royalty, a government royalty of 2% on base metal revenue. • Landowner royalty is 50% of the CFEM royalty. • Centaurus has secured possession rights to three properties over the Jaguar Project. The agreements remove exposure to the landowner royalty over the properties secured. • The project is covered by a mix of cleared farmland and natural vegetation. • The project is not located within any environmental protection zones and exploration and mining is permitted with appropriate environmental licences. |
| Exploration done by other parties |
• Historically the Jaguar Project was explored for nickel sulphides by Vale from 2005 to 2010. |
| Geology | • Jaguar Nickel Sulphide is a hydrothermal nickel sulphide deposit located near Tucumã in the Carajás Mineral Province of Brazil. • Jaguar is located at the intersection of the WSW-trending Canaã Fault and the ENE-trending McCandless Fault, immediately south of the NeoArchean Puma Layered Mafic-Ultramafic Complex. • Iron rich fluids were drawn up the mylonite zone causing alteration of the host felsic volcanic and granite units and generating hydrothermal mineral assemblage. Late-stage brittle-ductile conditions triggered renewed hydrothermal fluid ingress and resulted in local formation of high-grade nickel sulphide zones within the mylonite and as tabular bodies within thegranite. |
| Drill hole Information | • Refer to previous ASX Announcements for significant intersections from Centaurus drilling. • Refer to ASX Announcement of 6 August 2019 for all significant intersections from historical drilling. |
| Data aggregation methods | • Continuous sample intervals are calculated via weighted average using a 0.3 % Ni cut-off grade with 2m minimum intercept width. • There are no metal equivalents reported. |
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| Criteria | Commentary |
|---|---|
| Relationship between mineralisation widths and intercept lengths |
• Mineralisation is sub-vertical; the majority of the drilling is at low angle (55-60⁰) in order to achieve intersections at the most optimal angle. • The historical drilling results in ASX Announcement 6 August 2019 reflect individual down hole sample intervals and no mineralised widths were assumed or stated. |
| Diagrams | • Refer to previous ASX Announcements for maps and sections from Centaurus drilling included in the resource estimate. |
| Balanced reporting | • All exploration results received by the Company to date are included in this or previous releases to the ASX. • For the current resource, a revised 0.3% Ni cut-off grade has been applied to material less than 200m vertical depth from surface in the estimation of the Global MRE with this being consistent with mineralisation domain modellingand reported significant intersection cut-offgrades. |
| Other substantive exploration data |
• The Company has received geophysical data from Vale that is being processed by an independent consultant Southern Geoscience. Refer to ASX Announcements for geophysical information. |
| Further work | • Electro-magnetic (EM) geophysical surveys (DHEM and FLEM) are ongoing. • In-fill and extensional drilling within the known deposits to test the continuity of high-grade zones is ongoing. Resource samples are continuously being sent in batches of 150-300 samples and will be reported once the batches are completed. • Metallurgical testwork is ongoing. • Geotechnical and hydrological studies for the proposed tailings facility and waste deposits have started. |
SECTION 3 - ESTIMATION AND REPORTING OF MINERAL RESOURCES
(Criteria listed in Section 1, and where relevant in Section 2, also apply to this Section.)
| Criteria | Commentary |
|---|---|
| Database integrity | • The drilling database was originally held by Vale and received from them as csv exports. • The drilling data have been imported into a relational SQL server database using DatashedTM (Industry standard drill hole database management software) by Mitchell River Group. • All of the available drilling data has been imported into 3D mining and modelling software packages (SurpacTMand LeapfrogTM), which allow visual interrogation of the data integrity and continuity. All of the resource interpretations have been carried out using these software packages. During the interpretation process it is possible to highlight drilling data that does not conform to the geological interpretation for further validation. • Data validation checks were completed on import to the SQL database. • Data validation has been carried out by visually checking the positions and orientations of drill holes. |
| Site visits | • The Competent Person responsible for Sampling Techniques and Data and Exploration Results, Mr Roger Fitzhardinge, has visited the site multiple times and overseen exploration activity and assumes responsibility for the sampling and data management procedures. • No visits to the Jaguar site have been undertaken by the Competent Person responsible for the Mineral Resource Estimate(MRE),Mr Lauritz Barnes,due to travel restrictions(COVID-19). |
| Geological interpretation | • Sufficient drilling has been conducted to reasonably interpret the geology and the mineralisation. The mineralisation is traceable between multiple drill holes and drill sections. • Interpretation of the deposit was based on the current understanding of the deposit geology. Centaurus field geologist supplied an interpretation that was validated and revised by the independent resource geologist. • Drill hole data, including assays, geological logging, structural logging, lithochemistry, core photos and geophysics have been used to guide the geological interpretation. • Extrapolation of mineralisation beyond the deepest drilling has been assumed up to a maximum of 100m where the mineralisation is open. • Alternative interpretations could materially impact on the Mineral Resource estimate on a local, but not global basis. No alternative interpretations were adopted at this stage of the project. • Geological logging in conjunction with assays has been used to interpret the mineralisation. The interpretation honoured modelled fault planes and interpretation of the main geological structures. • Mineralisation at Jaguar occurs as veins and breccia bodies set in extensively altered and sheared host rocks. Continuity of the alteration and sulphide mineralisation zones is good, continuity of local zones of semi-massive to massive sulphide is not always apparent. • Mineralisation at the Onça Preta and Onça Rosa deposits plus the Tigre deposit predominantly forms tabular semi-continuous to continuous bodies both along strike and down dip. • Post-mineralisation faultingmayoffset mineralisation at a smaller scale than that which can be |
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| Criteria | Commentary |
|---|---|
| reliably modelled using the current drill hole data. | |
| Dimensions | • Jaguar South (primary mineralisation) covers an area of 1,250m strike length by 400m wide by 530m deep in strike length trending ESE-WNW. Individual domains dip sub-vertically with widths ranging from a few metres up to 20-30m thick. • Jaguar Central (primary mineralisation) covers an area of 800m strike length by 250m wide by 420m deep trending ESE-WNW. Individual domains dip sub-vertically with widths up to 20-30m. • Jaguar North (primary mineralisation) has a strike length of 600m by up to 25m wide by 300m deep, trending SE-NW. • Jaguar Central North (primary mineralisation) covers an area of 720m strike length by 100m wide by 500m deep, trending E-W. Individual domains dip sub-vertically with widths up to 20-30m. • Jaguar Northeast (primary mineralisation) covers an area of 1,200m strike length by 300m wide by 500m deep, trending ESE-WNW. Individual domains dip sub-vertically with widths up to 10-15m. • Jaguar West (primary mineralisation) has a strike length of 1,000m by up to 80m wide by 350m deep, trending E-W. Individual domains dip sub-vertically with widths up to 10m. • Leao East (primary mineralisation) has a strike length of 275m by up to 10m wide by 130m deep, trending ESE-WNW. • Onça Preta (primary mineralisation) has a strike length of 400m by up to 15m wide by 375m deep, trending E-W. • Onça Rosa (primary mineralisation) has a strike length of 500m by up to 10m wide by 250m deep, trending ESE-WNW • Tigre (primary mineralisation) has a strike length of 500m by up to 10m wide by 250m deep, trendingESE-WNW. |
| Estimation and modelling techniques |
• Grade estimation using Ordinary Kriging (OK) was completed using Geovia Surpac™ software for Ni, Cu, Co, Fe, Mg, Zn and As. • Drill hole samples were flagged with wire framed domain codes. Sample data were composited to 1m using a using fixed length option and a low percentage inclusion threshold to include all samples. Most samples (80%) are around 1m intervals in the raw assay data. • Top-cuts were decided by completing an outlier analysis using a combination of methods including grade histograms, log probability plots and other statistical tools. Based on this statistical analysis of the data population, no top-cuts were applied. • Directional variograms were modelled by domain using traditional variograms. Nugget values are low to moderate (around 15-25%) and structure ranges up to 200 in the primary zones. Variograms for domains with lesser numbers of samples were poorly formed and hence variography was applied from the higher sampled domains. • Block model was constructed with parent blocks for 10m (E) by 2m (N) by 10m (RL). All estimation was completed to the parent cell size. • Three estimation passes were used. The first pass had a limit of 75m, the second pass 150m and the third pass searching a large distance to fill the blocks within the wire framed zones. Each pass used a maximum of 12 samples, a minimum of 6 samples and maximum per hole of 4 samples. • Search ellipse sizes were based primarily on a combination of the variography and the trends of the wire framed mineralized zones. Hard boundaries were applied between all estimation domains. • Validation of the block model included a volumetric comparison of the resource wireframes to the block model volumes. Validation of the grade estimate included comparison of block model grades to the declustered input composite grades plus swath plot comparison by easting and elevation. Visual comparisons of input compositegrades vs. block modelgrades were also completed. |
| Moisture | • The tonnages were estimated on an in-situ dry bulk density basis which includes natural moisture. Moisture content was not estimated but is assumed to be low as the core is not visibly porous. |
| Cut-off parameters | • Potential mining methods include a combination of open pit and underground. The new Jaguar MRE has been reported within a pit shell using modifying factors determined in the Jaguar Value- Add Scoping Study and metal prices of US$20,000/t Ni, US$44,000/t Co and US$2,900/t Zn. Within the pit, a 0.3% Ni cut-off grade has been maintained. A higher grade 0.7% Ni cut-off grade has been used for resources below the pit shell reflective of the cut-off grade that was determined for the underground operations developed in the Scoping Study. |
| Mining factors or assumptions |
• It is assumed that the Jaguar deposits will be mined by a combination of open pit and underground mining methods. • Conceptual pit optimisation studies have been completed by Entech to ensure that there are reasonable prospects for the eventual economic extraction of the mineralisation by these methods. • Input parameters were benchmarked from similar base-metal operations in Brazil and Australia. |
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| Criteria | Commentary |
|---|---|
| Metallurgical factors or assumptions |
• Metallurgical test work has been undertaken on multiple composite samples sourced from the Jaguar South, Jaguar Central, Jaguar West, Jaguar North, Jaguar Central North, Onça Rosa and Onça Preta deposits. Material selection for test work was focused on providing a good spatial representation of mineralisation for the deposits to date. Bench scale test work to date has demonstrated that a conventional crushing, grinding and flotation circuit will produce concentrate grades (10-15% Ni) and nickel sulphide recoveries (+95%)). • Pressure leach testing has identified that 97-98% nickel extraction from concentrate into solution is reproducible. Metallurgical test work remains ongoing. • See ASX Announcements of 18 February 2020, 17 March 2020, 31 March 2020 and 8 December 2021 for metallurgical test results |
| Environmental factors or assumptions |
• Tailings analysis and acid drainages tests have been completed which underpin the preliminary tailing storage facility design (TSF), which is in progress. • Waste rock will be stockpiled into waste dumps adjacent to the mining operation. • The TSF and waste dumps will include containment requirements for the management of contaminated waters and sediment generation in line with Brazilian environmental regulations. |
| Bulk density | • On the new drilling, bulk densities were determined on 15 to 30 cm drill core pieces every 1m in ore and every 10m in waste. On the historical drilling the bulk densities were determined on drill core at each sample submitted for chemical analysis. • Bulk density determinations adopted the weight in air /weight in water method using a suspended or hanging scale. • The mineralized material is not significantly porous, nor is the waste rock. • A total of 43,571 bulk density measurements have been completed. • Of these, 4,040 were included in the analysis and are within the defined mineralised domains – and 4,031 are from fresh or transitional material leaving only 9 measurements from saprolite or oxide material. • Oxide and saprolite material are excluded from the reported resource. • Fresh and transitional measurements from within the mineralised domains we analysed statistically by domain and depth from surface and compared to Ni, Fe and S. A reasonable correlation was defined against Fe due to the magnetite in the system. • The bulk density values assigned the mineralised domains by oxidation were as follows: • Oxide: 2.0 • Saprolite: 2.3 • Transition: 2.6 • Fresh: by regression against estimated Fe using: BD = (fe_ok*(0.0323)) + 2.6276 • Work is in progress to further refine the relationships between bulk density and mineralised domains, and updates will be applied to the next iteration of the resource model. |
| Classification | • The Mineral Resource has been classified on the basis of confidence in the geological model, continuity of mineralised zones, drilling density, confidence in the underlying database, a combination of search volume and number of data used for the estimation plus availability of bulk density information. • Indicated Mineral Resources are defined nominally on 50mE x 40mN spaced drilling and Inferred Mineral Resources nominally 100mE x 100mN with consideration given for the confidence of the continuity of geology and mineralisation. • Oxide and saprolite material are excluded from the Mineral Resource. • The Jaguar Mineral Resource in part has been classified as Indicated with the remainder as Inferred according to JORC 2012. |
| Audits or reviews | • Three Mineral Resource estimates have now been completed by the Company on the Jaguar Nickel Project. The current resource model was reviewed by Entech as part of the MREEE assessment. |
| Discussion of relative accuracy/ confidence |
• The relative accuracy of the Mineral Resource estimate is reflected in the reporting of the Mineral Resource as per the guidelines of the 2012 JORC Code. • The statement relates to global estimates of tonnes and grade. |