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CADOUX LIMITED — Capital/Financing Update 2016
Nov 14, 2016
64620_rns_2016-11-14_65f5e5e9-f4f4-444f-bc58-8dd907bbecc0.pdf
Capital/Financing Update
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15th November, 2016 ASX Release (ASX code: “FYI”)
Positive Assay Results Confirm Previous Drilling from Sino-Lao Potash Project, Laos
FYI Resources’ (the “Company” or “FYI”) is pleased to provide an update to the market on the recently completed twin drill hole at the Sino-Lao Potash Project in Laos, PDR.
Highlights of drill hole RZK-01A
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RZK-01A confirms potash intercepts reported for historical drill hole ZK-01 and validates the quality of historical data
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Significant potash interval of ~220m being from 208m–428m @ 10.9% K2O
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High-grade sylvinite mineralisation at the top of the potash interval (208–210m) @ 26.8% K2O
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Analysis indicates a predominant carnallitite mineralogy with multiple significant intercepts of greater than 12% K2O
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Negligible insolubles suggest good process mineralogy likely.
RZK-01A was the first drill hole undertaken by FYI on the Sino-Lao project since committing to transaction discussions and commencing project due diligence. The Company is continuing discussions with the owner of the Sino-Lao project with a view of entering into a joint venture (or other suitable transaction) with the project owner. The Company has no reason at this stage to believe that those discussions will not progress to a binding agreement but can give no assurance that the discussions will be successful.
The drill hole was in the first instance designed to verify the quality and quantity of mineralisation reported for the original drill hole ZK-01 and secondly to provide confidence in the historic drilling and other supporting data on the project.
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Core tray from RZK-01A containing Carnallitite
While the twin drill hole RZK-01A confirmed historical results, the Company is of the view that the thickness of mineralisation is not typical of mineralisation in the project area. The site of the drill hole was chosen because earlier work by the project owner indicated structural thickening of the mineralised horizon in this area due to salt doming. The average thickness of mineralisation across the project has not been confirmed by FYI and requires further drilling.
The laboratory analysis (Table 1) supports the previously reported downhole geophysics results on RZK-01A (ASX release 17 October 2016).
53 Canning Highway, VICTORIA PARK, WA 6100 Tel: +61 8 9361 3100 Fax: +61 8 9361 3184 Website: www.fyiresources.com.au ACN 061 289 218
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A review of the assay results has been completed by CSA Global in their role as independent technical advisors, whose Competent Person, Mark Pudovskis, visited the project site during the drilling program. For the purposes of standardised industry reporting, CSA converted the %K to K2O.
Summary
RZK-01A is located on the Natan Mining Area as illustrated in Figure 1 and the collar details tabulated below.
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Mining Area Drill hole Depth (m) Longitude Latitude Dip Azimuth
Natan RZK-01A 431.5 102.8289 18.2036 -90 0
WGS 84 datum
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Figure 1: RZK-01A location plan
Roland Hill, FYI’s managing director commented “ The drilling results are very encouraging, in particular the presence of sylvinite, which supports FYI’s views on the merits of the project by confirming the historical data. Future exploration will focus on targeting and delineating additional sylvinite and high-grade carnallitite mineralisation in the project area ”.
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Laboratory analysis results table
The results of RZK-01A’s laboratory analysis are summarised in the table below:
| Sample ID |
Depth from (m) |
Depth to (m) |
K2O % |
Na % |
Ca ppm |
Mg % |
Cl % |
Insolubles % |
Interpreted Mineralogy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 67564 | 197.8 | 198.7 | 0.1 | 32.4 | 16011 | 0.03 | 49 | 12.05 | halite/ anhydrite |
| 67565 | 199.5 | 201.2 | 0.1 | 38.5 | 7266 | 0.02 | 58.8 | 0.06 | halite |
| 67566 | 201.2 | 202.2 | 0.1 | 39.7 | 5321 | 0.02 | 59.5 | 0.03 | halite |
| 67567 | 202.9 | 203.7 | 0.2 | 39.7 | 2794 | 0.03 | 60.1 | 0.24 | halite |
| 67568 | 203.7 | 205.0 | 0.2 | 39.4 | 3934 | 0.03 | 59.6 | 0.39 | halite |
| 67569 | 205.0 | 207.0 | 0.2 | 38.6 | 2725 | 0.04 | 58.9 | 1.28 | halite |
| 67570 | 207.0 | 208.0 | 7.0 | 34.5 | 2453 | 0.02 | 58 | 0.31 | halite |
| 67571 | 208.0 | 210.0 | 26.8 | 22.7 | 2192 | 0.03 | 55.5 | 0.25 | sylvinite |
| 67448 | 210.0 | 212.0 | 14.3 | 14.1 | 1294 | 4.59 | 45.5 | 0.17 | carnallitite |
| 67449 | 212.0 | 214.0 | 12.6 | 10.8 | 1379 | 6.42 | 43.2 | 0.03 | carnallitite |
| 67450 | 214.0 | 216.0 | 10.5 | 15.5 | 910 | 5.29 | 45.9 | 0.05 | carnallitite |
| 67451 | 216.0 | 218.0 | 8.8 | 19.8 | 948 | 4.39 | 47.5 | 0.31 | carnallitite |
| 67452 | 218.0 | 220.0 | 13.7 | 6.7 | 568 | 7.04 | 40.8 | 0.42 | carnallitite |
| 67453 | 220.0 | 222.0 | 13.0 | 8.5 | 565 | 6.59 | 43 | 0.54 | carnallitite |
| 67454 | 222.0 | 224.0 | 12.0 | 10.9 | 691 | 6.09 | 44.1 | 0.16 | carnallitite |
| 67455 | 224.0 | 226.0 | 10.2 | 15.3 | 1000 | 5.12 | 46.8 | -0.01 | carnallitite |
| 67456 | 226.0 | 228.0 | 11.2 | 13.9 | 761 | 5.60 | 45.7 | 0.03 | carnallitite |
| 67457 | 228.0 | 230.0 | 11.3 | 13.7 | 742 | 5.80 | 45.7 | 0.1 | carnallitite |
| 67458 | 230.0 | 232.0 | 12.3 | 10.5 | 867 | 6.26 | 44.1 | 0.21 | carnallitite |
| 67459 | 232.0 | 234.0 | 8.4 | 20.7 | 1575 | 4.07 | 50.2 | 0.03 | carnallitite |
| 67460 | 234.0 | 236.0 | 11.4 | 13.3 | 744 | 5.76 | 45.5 | 0.08 | carnallitite |
| 67461 | 236.0 | 238.0 | 13.8 | 6.9 | 532 | 7.04 | 44.6 | 0.16 | carnallitite |
| 67462 | 238.0 | 240.0 | 10.2 | 15.3 | 832 | 5.11 | 46.8 | 0.1 | carnallitite |
| 67463 | 240.0 | 242.0 | 11.5 | 13.4 | 627 | 5.73 | 45.9 | 0.09 | carnallitite |
| 67464 | 242.0 | 244.0 | 11.5 | 13.5 | 681 | 5.66 | 47.3 | 0.12 | carnallitite |
| 67465 | 244.0 | 246.0 | 12.6 | 10.2 | 704 | 6.29 | 46.4 | 0.11 | carnallitite |
| 67466 | 246.0 | 248.0 | 15.1 | 5.1 | 519 | 7.63 | 41 | 0.38 | carnallitite |
| 67467 | 248.0 | 250.0 | 12.8 | 9.8 | 906 | 6.48 | 44.1 | 0.25 | carnallitite |
| 67469 | 250.0 | 252.0 | 8.5 | 18.5 | 2913 | 4.36 | 49.7 | 0.3 | carnallitite |
| 67470 | 252.0 | 254.0 | 7.9 | 20.3 | 2194 | 4.00 | 50.4 | 0.39 | carnallitite |
| 67471 | 254.0 | 256.0 | 10.0 | 15.6 | 1019 | 4.96 | 46.8 | 0.45 | carnallitite |
| 67472 | 256.0 | 258.0 | 12.1 | 11.1 | 1219 | 6.16 | 43.9 | 0.08 | carnallitite |
| 67473 | 258.0 | 260.0 | 13.5 | 7.4 | 967 | 6.88 | 42.5 | -0.01 | carnallitite |
| 67474 | 260.0 | 262.0 | 11.7 | 12.9 | 1371 | 5.88 | 45.7 | -0.01 | carnallitite |
| 67475 | 262.0 | 264.0 | 13.6 | 7.7 | 481 | 6.85 | 42.8 | -0.01 | carnallitite |
| 67476 | 264.0 | 266.0 | 12.9 | 8.7 | 674 | 6.55 | 43.9 | -0.01 | carnallitite |
| 67477 | 266.0 | 268.0 | 13.2 | 9.5 | 868 | 6.56 | 43.2 | -0.01 | carnallitite |
| 67478 | 268.0 | 270.0 | 15.2 | 5.1 | 717 | 7.69 | 40.3 | -0.01 | carnallitite |
| 67479 | 270.0 | 272.0 | 8.9 | 18.4 | 673 | 4.31 | 48.4 | 0.02 | carnallitite |
| 67480 | 272.0 | 274.0 | 8.6 | 18.8 | 1961 | 4.23 | 48.8 | 0.25 | carnallitite |
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| Sample ID |
Depth from (m) |
Depth to (m) |
K2O % |
Na % |
Ca ppm |
Mg % |
Cl % |
Insolubles % |
Interpreted Mineralogy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 67481 | 274.0 | 276.0 | 12.0 | 11.5 | 850 | 5.94 | 44.8 | 0.11 | carnallitite |
| 67482 | 276.0 | 278.0 | 13.4 | 9.2 | 666 | 6.63 | 43.6 | 0.15 | carnallitite |
| 67483 | 278.0 | 280.0 | 11.7 | 12.3 | 1236 | 5.70 | 45.2 | 0.04 | carnallitite |
| 67484 | 280.0 | 282.0 | 10.9 | 14.5 | 716 | 5.29 | 46.8 | 0.08 | carnallitite |
| 67485 | 282.0 | 284.0 | 12.0 | 13 | 787 | 5.83 | 47 | 0.13 | carnallitite |
| 67486 | 284.0 | 286.0 | 12.0 | 12.9 | 821 | 5.82 | 46.1 | 0.24 | carnallitite |
| 67487 | 286.0 | 288.0 | 8.6 | 20.7 | 1133 | 4.08 | 50.6 | 0.02 | carnallitite |
| 67488 | 288.0 | 290.0 | 12.7 | 11.8 | 702 | 6.21 | 46.8 | -0.01 | carnallitite |
| 67490 | 290.0 | 292.0 | 14.1 | 8.1 | 730 | 6.90 | 42.9 | -0.01 | carnallitite |
| 67491 | 292.0 | 294.0 | 14.5 | 6.8 | 532 | 7.16 | 42.9 | 6.51 | carnallitite |
| 67492 | 294.0 | 296.0 | 2.6 | 34.5 | 1024 | 1.15 | 60.8 | 0.05 | carnallitite |
| 67493 | 296.0 | 298.0 | 5.1 | 29.1 | 1045 | 2.20 | 51.9 | 0.02 | carnallitite |
| 67494 | 298.0 | 300.0 | 13.1 | 12.8 | 830 | 5.87 | 45.2 | 0.07 | carnallitite |
| 67495 | 300.0 | 302.0 | 8.1 | 22.1 | 1180 | 3.56 | 51.3 | 0.22 | carnallitite |
| 67496 | 302.0 | 304.0 | 9.4 | 19.8 | 1064 | 4.10 | 48.6 | 0.73 | carnallitite |
| 67497 | 304.0 | 306.0 | 12.2 | 15.1 | 782 | 5.28 | 47 | 0.23 | carnallitite |
| 67498 | 306.0 | 308.0 | 16.8 | 3.7 | 313 | 7.84 | 40.2 | 0.09 | carnallitite |
| 67499 | 308.0 | 310.0 | 6.6 | 25.9 | 923 | 2.72 | 51.7 | 0.83 | carnallitite |
| 67500 | 310.0 | 312.0 | 8.9 | 20.8 | 1015 | 3.81 | 49.5 | 0.93 | carnallitite |
| 67501 | 312.0 | 314.0 | 11.3 | 14.2 | 1076 | 5.49 | 46.8 | 0.5 | carnallitite |
| 67502 | 314.0 | 316.0 | 13.8 | 8.6 | 629 | 6.77 | 42.1 | 0.41 | carnallitite |
| 67503 | 316.0 | 318.0 | 9.0 | 19.4 | 1053 | 4.26 | 47.9 | 0.38 | carnallitite |
| 67504 | 318.0 | 320.0 | 15.6 | 4.9 | 324 | 7.54 | 39.9 | 0.17 | carnallitite |
| 67505 | 320.0 | 322.0 | 13.0 | 10.5 | 1005 | 6.26 | 42.8 | 0.4 | carnallitite |
| 67506 | 322.0 | 324.0 | 8.3 | 21.1 | 1564 | 3.82 | 49.4 | 0.13 | carnallitite |
| 67507 | 324.0 | 326.0 | 14.3 | 7.8 | 664 | 6.90 | 41.9 | 0.49 | carnallitite |
| 67508 | 326.0 | 328.0 | 14.6 | 7.3 | 537 | 7.10 | 42.3 | 0.18 | carnallitite |
| 67509 | 328.0 | 330.0 | 12.4 | 10.5 | 814 | 6.01 | 43.7 | 0.38 | carnallitite |
| 67511 | 330.0 | 332.0 | 12.3 | 13 | 729 | 5.88 | 45.2 | 0.53 | carnallitite |
| 67512 | 332.0 | 334.0 | 10.1 | 17.4 | 998 | 4.88 | 49.2 | 0.42 | carnallitite |
| 67513 | 334.0 | 336.0 | 8.1 | 21 | 913 | 3.90 | 49.9 | 0.12 | carnallitite |
| 67514 | 336.0 | 338.0 | 6.8 | 24.2 | 851 | 3.23 | 51.7 | 0.04 | carnallitite |
| 67515 | 338.0 | 340.0 | 7.2 | 24.7 | 1081 | 3.54 | 51.9 | 0.06 | carnallitite |
| 67516 | 340.0 | 342.0 | 9.2 | 17.5 | 1007 | 4.44 | 47.7 | 0.13 | carnallitite |
| 67517 | 342.0 | 344.0 | 4.0 | 30.1 | 1185 | 1.87 | 56.2 | 0.07 | carnallitite |
| 67518 | 344.0 | 346.0 | 7.9 | 20.9 | 1145 | 3.92 | 49.9 | -0.01 | carnallitite |
| 67519 | 346.0 | 348.0 | 9.9 | 16.5 | 861 | 4.93 | 47.4 | 0.02 | carnallitite |
| 67520 | 348.0 | 350.0 | 5.5 | 27.2 | 870 | 2.61 | 53.9 | 0.08 | carnallitite |
| 67521 | 350.0 | 352.0 | 8.2 | 20.8 | 1008 | 3.97 | 51.5 | 0.05 | carnallitite |
| 67522 | 352.0 | 354.0 | 8.5 | 19.7 | 1346 | 4.19 | 52.1 | 0.06 | carnallitite |
| 67523 | 354.0 | 356.0 | 8.5 | 18.9 | 1422 | 4.15 | 49 | 0.2 | carnallitite |
| 67524 | 356.0 | 358.0 | 10.7 | 15.5 | 863 | 5.40 | 46.6 | 0.23 | carnallitite |
| 67525 | 358.0 | 360.0 | 8.8 | 18.8 | 872 | 4.21 | 48.3 | 0.11 | carnallitite |
| 67526 | 360.0 | 362.0 | 9.9 | 16.3 | 849 | 4.84 | 46.8 | 0.12 | carnallitite |
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| Sample ID |
Depth from (m) |
Depth to (m) |
K2O % |
Na % |
Ca ppm |
Mg % |
Cl % |
Insolubles % |
Interpreted Mineralogy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 67527 | 362.0 | 364.0 | 11.4 | 11.6 | 744 | 5.63 | 47.9 | 0.09 | carnallitite |
| 67528 | 364.0 | 366.0 | 11.1 | 14.1 | 795 | 5.47 | 46.1 | 0.07 | carnallitite |
| 67529 | 366.0 | 368.0 | 12.5 | 10.1 | 601 | 6.14 | 43 | 1.63 | carnallitite |
| 67530 | 368.0 | 370.0 | 14.6 | 5.8 | 482 | 7.19 | 40.7 | 0.04 | carnallitite |
| 67532 | 370.0 | 372.0 | 11.3 | 12.3 | 769 | 5.65 | 45.4 | 0.1 | carnallitite |
| 67533 | 372.0 | 374.0 | 9.0 | 17.9 | 703 | 4.44 | 48.6 | 0.05 | carnallitite |
| 67534 | 374.0 | 376.0 | 8.5 | 20.7 | 1165 | 4.05 | 49.7 | 0.19 | carnallitite |
| 67535 | 376.0 | 378.0 | 12.1 | 12 | 753 | 5.95 | 44.6 | 0.13 | carnallitite |
| 67536 | 378.0 | 380.0 | 9.0 | 18.6 | 989 | 4.38 | 48.8 | 0.18 | carnallitite |
| 67537 | 380.0 | 382.0 | 8.5 | 20.6 | 809 | 4.09 | 49.2 | 0.07 | carnallitite |
| 67538 | 382.0 | 384.0 | 11.1 | 13.9 | 836 | 5.41 | 45.5 | 0.27 | carnallitite |
| 67539 | 384.0 | 386.0 | 9.6 | 18 | 886 | 4.83 | 47.7 | 0.29 | carnallitite |
| 67540 | 386.0 | 388.0 | 12.7 | 10.1 | 574 | 6.15 | 43.7 | 0.1 | carnallitite |
| 67541 | 388.0 | 390.0 | 11.7 | 11.8 | 762 | 5.76 | 44.8 | 0.1 | carnallitite |
| 67542 | 390.0 | 392.0 | 8.8 | 19.8 | 715 | 4.39 | 48.8 | 0.06 | carnallitite |
| 67543 | 392.0 | 394.0 | 8.0 | 20.6 | 759 | 3.85 | 49 | 0.52 | carnallitite |
| 67544 | 394.0 | 396.0 | 10.9 | 15.3 | 754 | 5.34 | 47 | 0.49 | carnallitite |
| 67545 | 396.0 | 398.0 | 11.0 | 14.4 | 819 | 5.38 | 46.6 | 0.3 | carnallitite |
| 67546 | 398.0 | 400.0 | 8.1 | 22.9 | 1296 | 3.98 | 51.2 | 0.29 | carnallitite |
| 67547 | 400.0 | 402.0 | 11.4 | 13.3 | 666 | 5.62 | 45.2 | 0.84 | carnallitite |
| 67548 | 402.0 | 404.0 | 11.9 | 13 | 779 | 5.81 | 45.5 | 0.13 | carnallitite |
| 67549 | 404.0 | 406.0 | 10.8 | 14.9 | 690 | 5.26 | 46.5 | 0.13 | carnallitite |
| 67550 | 406.0 | 408.0 | 3.9 | 31.1 | 1300 | 1.82 | 55.4 | 0.16 | carnallitite |
| 67551 | 408.0 | 410.0 | 8.9 | 19.7 | 992 | 4.30 | 52.8 | 0.08 | carnallitite |
| 67553 | 410.0 | 412.0 | 7.6 | 24.6 | 1113 | 3.64 | 51.2 | 0.22 | carnallitite |
| 67554 | 412.0 | 414.0 | 10.4 | 15.6 | 775 | 5.05 | 46.1 | 0.1 | carnallitite |
| 67555 | 414.0 | 416.0 | 10.2 | 17.8 | 935 | 4.94 | 47.4 | 0.24 | carnallitite |
| 67556 | 416.0 | 418.0 | 13.5 | 9.2 | 668 | 6.54 | 42.8 | 0.09 | carnallitite |
| 67557 | 418.0 | 420.0 | 10.6 | 16.8 | 1054 | 5.27 | 46.3 | 0.02 | carnallitite |
| 67558 | 420.0 | 422.0 | 13.5 | 9.4 | 600 | 6.56 | 42.3 | -0.01 | carnallitite |
| 67559 | 422.0 | 424.0 | 10.4 | 16.9 | 922 | 4.85 | 46.8 | -0.01 | carnallitite |
| 67560 | 424.0 | 426.0 | 13.5 | 9.7 | 345 | 6.56 | 44.3 | -0.01 | carnallitite |
| 67561 | 426.0 | 428.0 | 11.1 | 15.1 | 694 | 5.33 | 45.7 | 0.03 | carnallitite |
| 67562 | 428.0 | 430.0 | 3.7 | 32.7 | 3490 | 1.23 | 55.7 | -0.01 | halite |
| 67563 | 430.0 | 431.5 | 0.1 | 38.9 | 6397 | 0.04 | 58.8 | -0.01 | halite |
*shaded orange block represents those potash intercepts of a minimum 4m thickness grading >12% K2O # Please note: Carnallitite is a rock type that includes the minerals carnallite and halite
Further Information:
Roland Hill
Managing Director Tel: +61 414666178
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About FYI Resources Limited
FYI is an ASX listed natural resources focused public company. The Company’s principal objective is the assembling of a quality portfolio of potash projects in Southeast Asia with the view to long term development and production.
FYI is targeting shallow, thick, high grade deposits typically associated with the geology of the basin regions in Thailand and Laos.
The FYI Board and the in-country management groups believe the targeted Thai and Laos project areas have the potential to host world class potash deposits.
The information in this report relates to the Exploration Result that has been compiled by Mr Mark Pudovskis B.Sc., who is an employee of CSA Global. He is a member of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. He has sufficient experience which is relevant to the style of mineralization and type of deposit under consideration and to the activity to which he is undertaking to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the “Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves”. Mark Pudovskis consents to the inclusion in the public release of the matters based on his information in the form and context in which it appears.
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Sino-Lao Project Exploration Result: JORC Code (2012 Edition) Table 1
Section 1 Sampling Techniques and Data
(Criteria in this section apply to all succeeding sections.)
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | JORC Code explanation | Commentary | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sampling | | Nature and quality of sampling (e.g. cut channels, random chips, or | RZK-01A was sampled using diamond drilling to obtain approximately |
|
| techniques | specific specialised industry standard measurement tools | 2m long HQ3 core samples from which the 4-5kg was prepared from a | ||
| appropriate to the minerals under investigation, such as down hole | ¼ cut to produce a 200g sample for analysis. No samples were greater | |||
| gamma sondes, or handheld XRF instruments, etc.). These | than 2m in length. | |||
| | examples should not be taken as limiting the broad meaning of sampling. Include reference to measures taken to ensure sample representivity and the appropriate calibration of any measurement |
Drill samples for analysis were packed in double plastic bags, labelled and placed in a poly weave bag then into an airtight drum for transfer to the Vientiane airport in preparation for airfreight to Perth, Australia. |
||
| tools or systems used. | The sample techniques adopted by FYI are appropriate for reporting an | |||
| | Aspects of the determination of mineralisation that are Material to | Exploration Result. | ||
| | the Public Report. In cases where ‘industry standard’ work has been done this would be relatively simple (e.g. ‘reverse circulation drilling was used to |
Potash is a bulk commodity and does not exhibit sampling issues as such a nuggety gold deposit may be exposed to. |
||
| obtain 1 m samples from which 3 kg was pulverised to produce a | ||||
| 30 g charge for fire assay’). In other cases more explanation may | ||||
| be required, such as where there is coarse gold that has inherent | ||||
| sampling problems. Unusual commodities or mineralisation types | ||||
| (e.g. submarine nodules) may warrant disclosure of detailed | ||||
| information. | ||||
| Drilling | | Drill type (e.g. core, reverse circulation, open-hole hammer, rotary | Drilling was completed in June – July 2016 by using a track mounted | |
| techniques | air blast, auger, Bangka, sonic, etc.) and details (e.g. core | Hanjin Power 7000SD drill rig. Drilling and core capture was via the | ||
| diameter, triple or standard tube, depth of diamond tails, face- | diamond triple tube method which is appropriate for an Exploration | |||
| sampling bit or other type, whether core is oriented and if so, by | Result. | |||
| what method, etc.). | Core was not orientated. This practice is acceptable for the potash | |||
| industry as any meaningful structures to the deposit are determined by | ||||
| interpretation of seismic data. Small-scale structures observed in drill | ||||
| core may be a localised phenomena including halokinetic deformation | ||||
| or dissolution / collapse which may not be indicative of the wider | ||||
| deposit. |
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Drill sample Method of recording and assessing core and chip sample recoveries recovery and results assessed.
-
Measures taken to maximise sample recovery and ensure representative nature of the samples.
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Whether a relationship exists between sample recovery and grade and whether sample bias may have occurred due to preferential loss/gain of fine/coarse material.
The FYI core recovery and sampling practices were observed by CSA Global and found to be adequate for reporting in accordance with the JORC Code (2012 Edition). Procedures are summarised:
-
Core was retrieved from a 1.5m barrel.
-
Core was measured on the drillers’ slips by the drillers and balanced against the drill rod depths.
-
Core was moved to the site geologists’ logging facility and laid into the plastic core trays by the drilling offsiders.
-
Geologists re-measured the drill run, recovery and RQD. Any differences to the drillers’ measurements were addressed immediately.
The core recovery across the sampled evaporite sequence (208 - 431.5m) averaged 96%, which is acceptable for reporting an Exploration Result.
Drilling fluid was a tri-salt solution saturated in KCl, MgCl and NaCl. The mixture resulted from a trial and error method with the carnallitite and halite sourced from the Thongmang processing facility. Coring in the evaporite section of RZK01 showed no evidence of dissolution which could have contributed to grade bias during analysis.
| Logging | | Whether core and chip samples have been geologically and | RZK-01A was logged across the entire evaporite sequence in adequate |
|---|---|---|---|
| geotechnically logged to a level of detail to support appropriate | detail for an Exploration Result, and to support any future Mineral | ||
| Mineral Resource estimation, mining studies and metallurgical | Resource estimation. The logging method was predominantly | ||
| studies. | quantitative with some qualitative measures to capture any observed | ||
| | Whether logging is qualitative or quantitative in nature. Core (or | nuances. | |
| | costean, channel, etc.) photography. The total length and percentage of the relevant intersections logged. |
All core was photographed which provided a QA QC verification against the received assay results. |
|
| The logging and core photography procedure was observed onsite by | |||
| CSA Global and is considered adequate for an Exploration Result. | |||
| Sub- | | If core, whether cut or sawn and whether quarter, half or all core | Sampling of the evaporite was by a diamond core saw with ¼ core dry |
| sampling | taken. | cut for sampling purposes. Samples were typically 2m, varying only | |
| techniques | | If non-core, whether riffled, tube sampled, rotary split, etc. and | when logical geological contacts dictated. |
| and sample preparation |
| whether sampled wet or dry. For all sample types, the nature, quality and appropriateness of the sample preparation technique. |
These techniques are appropriate for an Exploration Result and considered representative for the style of mineralisation. |
| | Quality control procedures adopted for all sub-sampling stages to |
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maximise representivity of samples.
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Measures taken to ensure that the sampling is representative of the in situ material collected, including for instance results for field duplicate/second-half sampling.
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Whether sample sizes are appropriate to the grain size of the material being sampled.
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Quality of The nature, quality and appropriateness of the assaying and assay data laboratory procedures used and whether the technique is and considered partial or total. laboratory For geophysical tools, spectrometers, handheld XRF instruments, tests etc., the parameters used in determining the analysis including instrument make and model, reading times, calibrations factors applied and their derivation, etc.
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Nature of quality control procedures adopted (e.g. standards, blanks, duplicates, external laboratory checks) and whether acceptable levels of accuracy (i.e. lack of bias) and precision have been established.
Every 20th sample, a duplicate ¼ core sample, was collected for QA QC purposes.
The original ~4-5kg sample was prepared at IMO (Metallurgy Pty Ltd) Welshpool, Perth by dry crushing (~10mm), pulverising (~80% passing 75 micron) and homogenising to a 200g sample for analysis at Intertek Genalysis Laboratory Services, Welshpool, Perth, Australia.
Analysis was for six elements: Ca, Cl, Insol, K, Mg and Na. Methods comprised:
Water Extraction to determine soluble species in Salt (NaCl). Analysed by Gravimetric Technique. (Insol)
Water Extraction to determine soluble species in Salt (NaCl). Analysed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical (Atomic) Emission Spectrometry. (Ca, K, Mg, Na)
Water Extraction to determine soluble species in Salt (NaCl). Analysed by Volumetric Technique. (Cl)
These methods are suitable for the soluble analysis of potash samples.
The laboratory applied appropriate quantities of checks, internal blanks and standards.
FYI submitted internal duplicates and blanks for QA QC purposes which were deemed appropriate for reporting an Exploration Result.
There is insufficient QA QC data results received at present to draw any meaningful conclusions as to level of accuracy and precision.
FYI have not audited Intertek Genalysis Laboratory Services.
No handheld XRF has been collected which could be used as a quality check against the laboratory analyses.
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| Verification | | The verification of significant intersections by either independent or | The significant intersections of RZK -01A were reviewed by CSA Global |
|---|---|---|---|
| of sampling | alternative company personnel. | and verified against the downhole Natural Gamma and core | |
| and | | The use of twinned holes. | photography. On final check against the logged geology, no concerns |
| assaying | | Documentation of primary data, data entry procedures, data | were raised or inconsistencies noticed. |
| | verification, data storage (physical and electronic) protocols. Discuss any adjustment to assay data. |
RZK-01A has not been twinned. | |
| The geological and assay data is stored on a local FYI server. | |||
| The assay data is raw and has not been adjusted. | |||
| Location of | | Accuracy and quality of surveys used to locate drill holes (collar and | The location of RZK-01A was captured by a hand held GPS in WGS84 |
| data points | down-hole surveys), trenches, mine workings and other locations | UTM 48N projection and in a Geographic WGS84 datum. This method | |
| used in Mineral Resource estimation. | is appropriate for an Exploration Result. | ||
| |
Specification of the grid system used. Quality and adequacy of topographic control. |
RZK-01A was drilled vertically and the inclination measured from the downhole tri-sonde. The inclination measured revealed a deviation |
|
| from vertical of approximately less than 2 degrees across the entire | |||
| 431.5m length of the drillhole which is appropriate for an Exploration | |||
| Result. | |||
| There is no survey control confirming the RL however the Project’s | |||
| terrain is relatively flat, typical of an evaporite basin. | |||
| Data | | Data spacing for reporting of Exploration Results. | The Exploration Result for RZK-01A is based upon approximately 2m |
| spacing and | | Whether the data spacing and distribution is sufficient to establish | vertical depth sampling points from 197.8m to 431.5m (EOH). The |
| distribution | the degree of geological and grade continuity appropriate for the | depth from 0 – 197.8m represents the overlying mudstone and was | |
| Mineral Resource and Ore Reserve estimation procedure(s) and | not sampled as it is not relevant to the Exploration Result. | ||
| classifications applied. | |||
| | Whether sample compositing has been applied. | The samples have not been composited and are adequate for the | |
| reporting of an Exploration Result. | |||
| Orientation | | Whether the orientation of sampling achieves unbiased sampling of | No structural information was collected from the core samples. The |
| of data in | possible structures and the extent to which this is known, | core, supported by the photography, revealed a relatively massive | |
| relation to | considering the deposit type. | carnallitite mineralogy throughout the length of the evaporite | |
| geological | | If the relationship between the drilling orientation and the | sequence. |
| structure | orientation of key mineralised structures is considered to have introduced a sampling bias, this should be assessed and reported if material. |
The structural data material to potash is seismic. Collection of seismic data enables the interpretation of larger scale structures which may present a meaningful bearing on any future Mineral Resource |
|
| estimation. | |||
| At this stage no seismic data has been collected which is acceptable | |||
| for an Exploration Result. |
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Sample The measures taken to ensure sample security. security Audits or The results of any audits or reviews of sampling techniques and reviews data.
The samples were sealed in plastic and locked in an air-conditioned room at the Thongmang facility prior to transportation for analysis in Australia. Samples for analysis were securely packaged and tracked during transportation. FYI verified the safe arrival of the samples in the Perth sample preparation facility.
No audit or review of the Exploration Results has been completed.
Section 2 Reporting of Exploration Results
(Criteria listed in the preceding section also apply to this section.)
| Criteria | JORC Code explanation | JORC Code explanation | Commentary |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mineral | | Type, reference name/number, location and ownership including | The Mining Areas – Natan and Thongmang, illustrated in figure 1 (total |
| tenement and | agreements or material issues with third parties such as joint | 76km2) are owned by Yuntianhua. The ownership structure is: | |
| land tenure status |
| ventures, partnerships, overriding royalties, native title interests, historical sites, wilderness or national park and environmental settings. The security of the tenure held at the time of reporting along with any known impediments to obtaining a licence to operate in the area. |
72% - Sino Lao Mining Development and Investment Co Ltd (Sino Lao) - site owners and operators. Of the remaining 28% equity, Yunnan Geological Mineral Group (YGMG) own 8%, the remaining 20% is owned by six other parties. YGMG was awarded equity based on completing the 2001-2003 technical drill program. |
| Evidence of the licence of title is the document “An Exploitation and | |||
| Production Agreement for Potash Mineral in Vientiane Basin, LAO | |||
| People’s Democratic Republic between The Government of LAO | |||
| People’s Democratic Republic and Yunnan Sino Lao Mining |
|||
| Development & Investment Co., LTD, People’s Republic China (Sino | |||
| Lao), dated November 2004” | |||
| The Agreement describes a three phase program - Feasibility Study | |||
| Period (36 months), Construction Period (36 moths), Operating Period | |||
| (24 years) which can be prolonged two times and per time is equal to | |||
| 10 years under the approval of the Government. | |||
| The Agreement has not been independently verified. | |||
| There are no known impediments or issues with third parties such as | |||
| joint ventures, royalties, native title, national parks or environment. | |||
| FYI have signed a memorandum of understating with YTH to | |||
| undertake due diligence work on the Sino Lao project. |
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| Exploration | | Acknowledgment and appraisal of exploration by other parties. |
|---|---|---|
| done by other parties |
| e exploration history is summarised as: | e exploration history is summarised as: |
|---|---|
| | 2001– 2003: Yuntianhua exploration |
o Five cored boreholes on Thong mang (logs received for only |
|
| three boreholes, total 1222.45m) | |
o Seven cored boreholes on Natan. (logs received for only six |
|
| boreholes, total 3235.45m) | |
o Detailed geochemical analysis of all evaporite samples and |
|
| downhole deviation measurements of each borehole. There | |
| was no seismic completed. | |
o Completed a foreign estimate however it does not meet |
|
| JORC standards and is therefore not suitable for public | |
| release. | |
| | 2011 – 2013: Yuntianhua mine and Pilot plant |
o 2x shafts – Primary ventilation and haulage of |
|
| approximately 2m diameter, secondary auxiliary (less than | |
| 2m diameter) | |
o Two x drives, one at 143m and a second at 190m. Levels |
|
| were selected on grade and geology. | |
o Two x drives are 3m in height. |
|
o Trial mining was completed over a 2.5-year period, 2011 - |
|
| 2013 with approximately 35,000t of K2O product produced. | |
o Shaftcapacity is 120,000t/annum, plant capacity |
|
| 60,000t/annum. | |
| | 2016 – Present: FYI |
o Eight underground grab samples |
|
o Two x PSI Drilling core boreholes (adjacent to ZK1) – assays |
|
| not available at present. | |
o Digital capture of historic borehole data into an Access |
|
| Database | |
o Generation of ArcGIS borehole location plans |
|
| There is anecdotal evidence of earlier (pre- 2000) drilling by | |
| Vietnamese companies however no supporting evidence is | |
| available. |
| The exploration history is summarised as: |
|---|
| 2001– 2003: Yuntianhua exploration |
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| Geology | | Deposit type, geological setting and style of mineralisation. | The Project is a potash (carnallitite-dominant) deposit located in | the |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sakon Nakhon Basin. As described by Warren, J. (2006). Evaporites: | ||||
| sediments, resources and hydrocarbons. Berlin, Germany: |
||||
| Springer.“Potash in the halite-dominated Cretaceous Maha Sarakham | ||||
| Formation is preserved within two basins, the northern Sakon Nakhon | ||||
| Basin which extends in to Laos and the southern Khorat Basin”. | ||||
| As further asserted by Warren, J. (2006). Evaporites: sediments, | ||||
| resources and hydrocarbons. Berlin, Germany: Springer. “The only | ||||
| well studied and significant potash-rich zones are in the upper section | ||||
| of the Lower Salt Member along the western margin of the Khorat | ||||
| Plateau. The potash interval is dominated by carnallitite (up to 20-30m | ||||
| thick), which forms a widespread stratiform unit along the western | ||||
| margins of both the Khorat and Sakon Nakhon basins. It is locally | ||||
| capped by lesser sylvinite (<6m) and covered by a bed of colour | ||||
| banded red and grey halite (up to 6m thick). The potash stratigraphy | ||||
| is in turn overlain by the Lower Clastic Member.” | ||||
| The stratigraphy of the Lower Salt Member is summarised after | ||||
| Warren, J. (2006): | ||||
| Upper-most colour banded Halite (0-6m) |
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| Sylvinite zone (0-6m) - Not always present and the contact is |
||||
| transitional to the underlying carnallitite | ||||
| Carnallitite zone (0 up to 15-30m) |
||||
| Lower zone of massive to bedded halite with trace carnallitite |
||||
| (50-300m) | ||||
| Drill hole | | A summary of all information material to the understanding of the | The Exploration Results are based on 119 ¼ core samples from a | |
| Information | exploration results including a tabulation of the following | single drill hole RZK-01A. | ||
information for all Material drill holes:o easting and northing of the drill hole collaro elevation or RL (Reduced Level – elevation above sea level in |
RZK-01A is located on the Natan Mining Area as illustrated in figure 1 and the collar details tabulated below. |
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metres) of the drill hole collaro dip and azimuth of the holeo down hole length and interception depth |
Drill hole Depth (m) Longitude Latitude Dip _Azimuth _ |
|||
o hole length. |
RZK-01A 431.5 102.8289 18.2036 -90 0 |
|||
| | If the exclusion of this information is justified on the basis that the | WGS 84 datum | ||
| information is not Material and this exclusion does not detract from | ||||
| the understanding of the report, the Competent Person should | There is no survey control confirming the RL however the Project’s | |||
| clearly explain why this is the case. | terrain is relatively flat, typical of an evaporite basin. |
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| Data | | In reporting Exploration Results, weighting averaging techniques, | None of the data collected was aggregated. |
|---|---|---|---|
| aggregation methods |
maximum and/or minimum grade truncations (e.g. cutting of high grades) and cut-off grades are usually Material and should be |
The reported grades are raw. | |
| stated. | |||
| | Where aggregate intercepts incorporate short lengths of high grade | ||
| results and longer lengths of low grade results, the procedure used | |||
| for such aggregation should be stated and some typical examples of | |||
| such aggregations should be shown in detail. | |||
| | The assumptions used for any reporting of metal equivalent values | ||
| should be clearly stated. | |||
| Relationship | | These relationships are particularly important in the reporting of | The downhole core sample points were collected on approximate 2m |
| between | Exploration Results. | intervals from a single drill hole across the entire thickness of the | |
| mineralisation | | If the geometry of the mineralisation with respect to the drill hole | potash sequence (208m – 428m). The geometry of the mineralisation |
| widths and | angle is known, its nature should be reported. | and spatial distribution of the sample data with respect to | |
| intercept | | If it is not known and only the down hole lengths are reported, | thicknesses is not known. Future seismic data will assist in |
| lengths | there should be a clear statement to this effect (e.g. ‘down hole | establishing the geometry of the mineralisation. | |
| length, true width not known’). | |||
| Diagrams | | Appropriate maps and sections (with scales) and tabulations of | A drill hole location plan is included below in figures 1 and is included |
| intercepts should be included for any significant discovery being | within the body of ASX release. | ||
| reported These should include, but not be limited to a plan view of | |||
| _drill hole collar locations and appropriate sectional views. _ | |||
| Balanced | | Where comprehensive reporting of all Exploration Results is not | All Exploration Results are reported as a grade for each sample and |
| reporting | practicable, representative reporting of both low and high grades | included below as Table 2. They are also within the body of the ASX | |
| and/or widths should be practiced to avoid misleading reporting of | release. | ||
| Exploration Results. | |||
| Other | | Other exploration data, if meaningful and material, should be | FYI Resources have previously reported to the ASX as an Exploration |
| substantive | reported including (but not limited to): geological observations; | Result the down hole Natural Gamma log of RZK-01A. The Gamma | |
| exploration | geophysical survey results; geochemical survey results; bulk | log response supports the drilling analysis with the higher grades of | |
| data | samples – size and method of treatment; metallurgical test results; | K2O collating to the higher Natural Gamma responses. Also the | |
| bulk density, groundwater, geotechnical and rock characteristics; | Natural Gamma results of RZK-01A are not material to the overall | ||
| potential deleterious or contaminating substances. | project, the use of downhole geophysics in conjunction with logging | ||
| and future seismic work is integral to potash exploration. |
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-
Further work The nature and scale of planned further work (e.g. tests for lateral extensions or depth extensions or large-scale step-out drilling).
-
Diagrams clearly highlighting the areas of possible extensions, including the main geological interpretations and future drilling areas, provided this information is not commercially sensitive.
-
Significant in-ground work comprising 2D (and potentially 3D) seismic data, drilling and downhole wireline logging is required to establish any future JORC compliant Mineral Resources
Prior to undertaking additional drilling, it is recommended to complete a 2D seismic program in order to evaluate the sub-surface geology, identify areas of structural discontinuity (specifically salt diapers and their margins which are prone to host sylvinite after carnallitite) to enable appropriate exploration borehole planning.
Approximately 8 – 10 boreholes, spaced 2km apart over each Mining Area. On the assumption of an average drill depth of 400m, a total meterage of 3200m – 4000m on each Mining Area will be required. This volume of drilling will be sufficient to define a Mineral Resources assuming all related JORC Table 1 guidelines are adequately adhered to.
Wireline logging is integral to any potash exploration program whether to aid geological logging/interpretation or integrated with seismic data to enhance robust basinal interpretation. VSP (Velocity) survey and logs (sonic and density) are required to generate a synthetic seismogram with density and gamma logs providing a means of assessing mineralogy.
Each drill hole is recommended to be logged from the end of hole depth to surface casing with geophysical wireline tools. The data collected will provide detailed downhole information that can be used to crossreference lithology, mineralogy, and geochemical assay data. Gamma and density should be considered mandatory. Neutron is useful for assisting identifying the hygroscopic evaporites.
To progress to a JORC Mineral Resource classification the following guideline is suggested:
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Inferred Resource: Area within 2 km of a drill hole with geochemical analyses with 2D seismics but without 3D seismic coverage.
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Indicated Resource: Area within 2 km of a drill hole with geochemical analyses with 3D seismic coverage.
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Measured Resource: Area within 2 km of a drill hole with geochemical analyses displaying strong spatial analysis and with 3D seismic coverage.