AI assistant
ARDEA RESOURCES LIMITED — Investor Presentation 2018
Aug 5, 2018
64421_rns_2018-08-05_9984bbc2-df9a-451d-af69-6169d58baafe.pdf
Investor Presentation
Open in viewerOpens in your device viewer
for the battery industry
==> picture [135 x 26] intentionally omitted <==
Diggers and Dealers – Booth E06, Kalgoorlie, 6 - 8 August 2018
www.ardearesources.com.au
==> picture [93 x 27] intentionally omitted <==
Ardea Resources Limited Suite 2, 45 Ord St, West Perth WA 6005, AUSTRALIA +61 8 6244 5136
==> picture [577 x 58] intentionally omitted <==
----- Start of picture text -----
Disclaimer
----- End of picture text -----
Important notice
This presentation contains general information only and is, or is based upon, information which has been released to ASX or is contained in the Company's prospectus dated 9 November 2016 (including supplementary prospectuses dated 18 November 2016 and 6 January 2017), the Goongarrie Nickel Cobalt Project Pre-Feasibility Study (dated 28 March 2018) and the Goongarrie Expansion Study (24 July 2018) This presentation is not an invitation, offer or recommendation (express or implied) to subscribe for, or apply for the purchase of, or to take any other action in respect of securities of any entity described herein and is not a prospectus, product disclosure statement or disclosure document for the purposes of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) and has not been lodged with ASIC. None of Ardea Resources Limited (Ardea or the Company) or its representatives are providing or offering investment advice or services by making this presentation.
Neither Ardea nor its representatives make any representation, warranty or guarantee of any kind, express or implied, as to the accuracy, completeness or reasonableness of the information contained herein or any other written or oral communication transmitted or made available to any person receiving this presentation. To the maximum extent permitted by law, Ardea and representatives expressly disclaim any and all liability based on or arising from, in whole or in part, such information, or any errors or omissions.
This presentation contains forward-looking statements regarding the Company’s resources, intentions and future business. These statements reflect current information, expectations, intentions and strategies regarding the future, and are subject to certain risks and uncertainties. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialise, or should any of underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary from the expectations, intentions and strategies described in this presentation. Investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date they are made. Other than where required by law, the Company is under no obligation to revise any forward looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this presentation or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.
The Goongarrie Project has completed the Pre-Feasibility Study phase and has commenced programs that are part of the Definitive Feasibility Study. Though reasonable care has been taken to ensure that the facts are accurate and/or that the opinions expressed are fair and reasonable, no reliance can be placed for any purpose whatsoever on the information contained in this document or on its completeness. Actual results and developments of projects and the market development may differ materially from those expressed or implied by these forward looking statements depending on a variety of factors. A key conclusion of the Pre-Feasibility Study and the Expansion Study, which are based on forward looking statements, is that the Goongarrie Project is considered to have positive economic potential.
No stock exchange, regulation services provider, securities commission or other regulatory authority has approved or disapproved the information contained in this news release. Application for securities under the Company’s public offer can only be made under the prospectus, a copy of which is available from the Company. Investors should consider the prospectus in deciding whether to acquire Ardea shares and will need to complete the application form that accompanies the prospectus.
==> picture [93 x 27] intentionally omitted <==
2
==> picture [577 x 58] intentionally omitted <==
----- Start of picture text -----
�e Ardea Value Proposition
----- End of picture text -----
-
The 100%-owned Goongarrie Nickel Cobalt Project is part of the largest Cobalt Resource in the Developed World
-
773Mt at 0.7% Ni and 0.05% Co*
-
Potentially a multi-decade producer of high-quality nickel and cobalt sulphate – 100% offtake available
-
1.0Mtpa base case PFS demonstrates a low-capital expenditure start-up with robust project economics
-
Readily expandable to 2.25Mtpa – Mill feed grades 0.88% Ni and 0.10% Co
-
Goongarrie is a low technical risk project to feed the burgeoning EV and ESS market
-
DFS programs underway – focus on Approvals, piloting
-
Strategic partner interest is high as Ni-Co supply concerns rise
Cobalt sulphate produced from Goongarrie ore, December 2017
- Other value drivers – Au and Ni sulphide in WA and base metals in NSW
*Ardea Resources Annual Report 2017
3
==> picture [577 x 58] intentionally omitted <==
----- Start of picture text -----
Corporate Snapshot
----- End of picture text -----
| Capital Structure Shares on Issue Share Price (1 August 2018) |
104,990,413 $0.855 |
||
|---|---|---|---|
| 52 week high / low | $2.20 / $0.69 | ||
| Cash (30 June 2018) | $19.2 million | ||
| Market Cap (1 August 2018) | $90 million | ||
| Unlisted Stock $0.25 options(IPO) | 12.31 million |
||
| Staff performance rights | 2.99 million | ||
| Top Shareholders | % | ||
| Ian Buchhorn and Associates | 11.3% | ||
| Citicorp Nominees | 9.8% | ||
| Brian O’Shannessy and Associates | 8.5% | ||
| BNP Paribas Nominees | 8.1% | ||
| JP Morgan Nominees | 3.4% | ||
| Board and Management | |||
| Katina Law | Executive Chair | ||
| Ian Buchhorn | Executive Director | ||
| Wayne Bramwell | Non-Executive Director | ||
| Sam Middlemas | Chief Financial Officer | ||
| Sarah Mitchell | GM Technical Services | ||
| Dr Matt Painter | GM Gold |
Experienced management team with global experience in corporate fundraising, processing and engineering for laterite nickel-cobalt deposits, laterite geology and geometallurgy, ensures the right mix to make Goongarrie succeed.
==> picture [171 x 110] intentionally omitted <==
==> picture [142 x 110] intentionally omitted <==
==> picture [311 x 56] intentionally omitted <==
==> picture [93 x 27] intentionally omitted <==
4
100% Australian Asset Portfolio
Nickel-Cobalt Laterites, WA Goongarrie Nickel Cobalt Project
Other deposits also under assessment: Black Range, Kalpini, Yerilla, Boyce Creek, Aubils, Siberia, Highway, Ghost Rocks �������� ����������
==> picture [43 x 32] intentionally omitted <==
Nickel Sulphide Projects, WA Kalgoorlie Includes Perrinvale project Perth (strike extension of St George’s Mt Alexander project) Esperance Bulk Tonnage Gold Projects, WA Mt Zephyr Greenstone Belt, high-grade anomalies along Celia Lineament, Taurus gold project
==> picture [47 x 44] intentionally omitted <==
Porphyry & Epithermal Copper-Gold Projects, NSW
Lachlan Fold Belt, NSW is Australia’s premier address for porphyry and epithermal copper-gold projects
Lewis Ponds Zinc-Silver-Gold, NSW Historic silver-gold-base ����������� metal mine ������ High-grade resources Bulk mining option Sydney Orange
==> picture [57 x 73] intentionally omitted <==
Bulk Tonnage Gold Projects, NSW Includes Ophir, Australia’s first goldfield
==> picture [93 x 27] intentionally omitted <==
5
6
Looking towards the ore body at Goongarrie adjacent to the Goldfields Highway, looking NE
==> picture [577 x 58] intentionally omitted <==
----- Start of picture text -----
Goongarrie Nickel Cobalt Project – 15km strike length of
continuous mineralisation
----- End of picture text -----
�����������������������������
7
View over Goongarrie Nickel Cobalt Project , looking southeast, showing the extent of the deposit (blue-green = Co >0.05%, purple = Co > 0.10%), and proximity to infrastructure. * See appendix for resource breakdown
==> picture [577 x 62] intentionally omitted <==
----- Start of picture text -----
Simple, shallow open pit mining
----- End of picture text -----
-
Uniform mineralisation grades and mineralogy
-
Scheduled pits within 60m of surface
-
Soft, free-digging open-pit mining
-
Low strip ratio, 2:1
==> picture [8 x 9] intentionally omitted <==
----- Start of picture text -----
8
----- End of picture text -----
==> picture [577 x 325] intentionally omitted <==
----- Start of picture text -----
Filtration
1. Leaching
2. Impurity removal mpu
4. Sulphate crystallisation
3. Ni-Co releach
Base case fowsheet
Pressure Acid Leach, with Mixed Sulphide precipitation
yields high purity product
9
----- End of picture text -----
==> picture [577 x 58] intentionally omitted <==
----- Start of picture text -----
A High-Quality Cobalt and Nickel Sulphate Producer
----- End of picture text -----
| * Goongarrie Nickel Cobalt Project, PFS study, 28 March 2018, ** PAL = Pressure Acid Leach +Goongarrie Expansion Study, 24 July 2018 Outstanding results delivered from recently completed PFS* and Expansion Study+ • PFS 1.0Mtpa base case over a 25-year mine life • ES 2.25Mtpa with a 25-year mine life • 95.5% cobalt and 94.5% nickel recovery – life of mine • Pre-cobalt credit C1 costs in line with current worldwide operators • PAL** 5thgeneration plant, proven design, successfully operated in other laterite projects globally |
1.0Mtpa | 1.5Mtpa | 2.25Mtpa | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Status | PFS | PFS | ES | |
| No. Trains | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| **Pre Tax NPV8 ** | US$ 1.13 billion |
US$ 1.52 billion |
US$ 2.4 billion |
|
| Pre Tax IRR | 29 % | 29 % | 31% | |
| CAPEX | US$ 472 million |
US$ 588 million |
US$918 million |
|
| C1 cash cost | US$ 0.42 / lb | US$ 0.45 / lb | US$ (0.34) / lb | |
| Payback | 5.3 years | 5.6 years | 5.1 years | |
| Cobalt sulphate |
5,500tpa | 6,900tpa | 10,000tpa | |
| Nickel sulphate |
41,500tpa | 55,300tpa | 81,000tpa |
==> picture [93 x 27] intentionally omitted <==
==> picture [577 x 58] intentionally omitted <==
----- Start of picture text -----
Capital Intensity of HPAL Projects - Peer Comparision
----- End of picture text -----
11
==> picture [403 x 255] intentionally omitted <==
==> picture [93 x 27] intentionally omitted <==
==> picture [577 x 58] intentionally omitted <==
----- Start of picture text -----
2.25Mtpa Expansion Study
----- End of picture text -----
-
Unique mineralogy of Goongarrie allows:
-
Single autoclave for 2.25Mtpa (same size as the 1.5Mtpa case)
-
40 minutes residence time
-
High density solids into the autoclave
-
No significant change in recoveries with short residence time
-
Goongarrie exhibits significant potential for expansion via multiple parallel modular trains
-
Proximity to world-class infrastructure and logistics - prime location on the Goldfields Highway
-
Adjacent to rail
-
Adjacent to gas pipelines and power transmission lines
-
Significant potential to provide exceptional returns over a minimum of 25 years
-
Expansion Study was based on only 26% of the Company’s total resources at Goongarrie
-
Goongarrie offers an ethical, low environmental impact and long life source of Ni-Co from a stable jurisdiction
-
12
The Kalgoorlie-Menzies railway line where it crosses the northwesternmost tip of the Patricia Anne Ni-Co orebody at Goongarrie, 80km north of Kalgoorlie
==> picture [166 x 268] intentionally omitted <==
==> picture [577 x 58] intentionally omitted <==
----- Start of picture text -----
DFS Programs Underway
----- End of picture text -----
-
DFS programs underway including:
-
Demonstration-scale Pilot Plant currently running to produce Ni and Co Sulphate
-
Resource drilling and re-estimation
-
Approvals
-
Additional upside options are currently being assessed and include the following:
-
Mineralised neutraliser optimisation
-
Scandium by-product optimisation
-
High purity alumina
==> picture [274 x 207] intentionally omitted <==
Demonstration Plant in Welshpool
- Vanadium
==> picture [93 x 27] intentionally omitted <==
13
==> picture [577 x 58] intentionally omitted <==
----- Start of picture text -----
Exceptional Size and Scale
----- End of picture text -----
==> picture [302 x 128] intentionally omitted <==
----- Start of picture text -----
Investment criteria Ardea Resources
773 million tonnes of
cobalt and nickel resources, WA
Company resources Goongarrie, Black Range, Kalpini, Yerilla, Boyce
Creek, Aubils, Siberia, Highway, Ghost Rocks
(all within 100km radius)
>400,000 t cobalt
Metal contained in resources
>5,600,000 t nickel
Market capitalisation $90 million
Market cap per cobalt tonne (in resources) ~A$225 / t cobalt
Market cap per nickel tonne (in resources) ~A$16.1 / t nickel
----- End of picture text -----
==> picture [268 x 72] intentionally omitted <==
==> picture [268 x 72] intentionally omitted <==
All data sourced from publicly released documents from each company’s website as of 01 August 2018. AUZ = Australian Mines, CLQ = CleanTeQ
14
==> picture [577 x 58] intentionally omitted <==
----- Start of picture text -----
�e Bigger Picture – multi-decade resource
----- End of picture text -----
==> picture [72 x 4] intentionally omitted <==
==> picture [279 x 205] intentionally omitted <==
-
The Goongarrie Nickel Cobalt Project is part of the broader Kalgoorlie Nickel Project (KNP)
-
KNP is the largest cobalt resource in Australia*
-
Ardea is adopting a staged development approach
-
Potential additional processing hubs at:
-
Siberia/Highway/Ghost Rocks
-
Black Range
-
Aubils/Boyce Creek
-
Kalpini
==> picture [279 x 61] intentionally omitted <==
-
Other deposits able to provide potential feed for
-
3[rd] party operators
==> picture [72 x 20] intentionally omitted <==
- See appendix for resource breakdown
15
==> picture [577 x 58] intentionally omitted <==
----- Start of picture text -----
Indicative Development Timetable
----- End of picture text -----
| 2018 | 2018 | 2018 | 2018 | 2019 | 2019 | 2019 | 2019 | 2020/2021 | 2021/2022 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | |||
| PFS | DFS | |||||||||
| Offtake discussions Resource/reserve/sampling drilling 2.25Mtpa Scoping Study (Completed) Goongarrie Resource Upgrade Scandium Study Mineralised Neutraliser Study Production & Marketing Samples |
Investment | Decision | ||||||||
| Environmental studies | ||||||||||
| Approvals and licencing | ||||||||||
| Funding | ||||||||||
| Strategic partner | ||||||||||
| Front End Engineering Design |
==> picture [93 x 27] intentionally omitted <==
16
17
OTHER VALUE DRIVERS FOR ARDEA
Ardea’s portfolio includes Australia’s largest cobalt resource, as well as significant gold, nickel sulphide and base metal projects
Drill samples from Black Range west of the Goongarrie Nickel Cobalt Project. Black Range contains high nickel, and cobalt, and accessory scandium, platinum and palladium.
==> picture [577 x 58] intentionally omitted <==
----- Start of picture text -----
Au - Mount Zephyr (WA)
----- End of picture text -----
-
New ideas to test in old gold mining areas ~350km north of Kalgoorlie
-
Mt Zephyr greenstone belt barely explored for >20 years
-
Numerous historic gold workings
-
Extensive exploration programs underway:
-
New geophysics
-
New geological interpretations
-
New targets
==> picture [126 x 140] intentionally omitted <==
-
Historic workings along >4 km strike
-
Gold grading from “a few pennyweights to 3oz per ton”, Dunn, April 1900
Alteration and brecciation in granite, Gale project
- ~5 to 90 g/t gold
- Gold-hosting BIF units traced ~18 km under cover
-
Mt Morgans equivalent BIF-hosted replacement style gold
-
18 Mount Zephyr gold mine (ca.1899-1920), Dunn’s Line project • Hill 50-style with mineralised breaks, largely undrilled
==> picture [93 x 27] intentionally omitted <==
==> picture [577 x 58] intentionally omitted <==
----- Start of picture text -----
New concepts to test
----- End of picture text -----
==> picture [277 x 69] intentionally omitted <==
-
Area east of Celia Lineament is highly prospective:
-
Most historic gold workings east of lineament
-
Mt Windarra nickel sulphide stratigraphy
-
• Jupiter, Wallaby granitoid-hosted gold to the east of the lineament further south
-
Along structure from Mt Morgans gold deposits
-
Ardea has first application of new concepts to test
==> picture [58 x 85] intentionally omitted <==
19
==> picture [577 x 58] intentionally omitted <==
----- Start of picture text -----
Zn Au – Lewis Ponds (NSW)
----- End of picture text -----
-
Major zinc-gold-silver development project with enormous potential in NSW
-
Historic resources:
-
6.62 Mt @ 2.4 % Zn, 1.4 % Pb, 0.2 % Cu, 1.5 g/t Au, and 69 g/t Ag
-
Bulk mining open pit exploration target:
-
15-25 Mt @ 2.2-3.7 % Zn equiv or 1.0-1.5 g/t Au equiv
-
Main resource on freehold land owned by Ardea
-
Mineral Resource currently being updated
-
Large tenement holding in NSW
20
==> picture [577 x 58] intentionally omitted <==
----- Start of picture text -----
Need long term Ni-Co Supply?
----- End of picture text -----
-
Goongarrie is a multi-decade producer of high-quality nickel and cobalt sulphate
-
1.0Mtpa base case PFS demonstrates a low-capital expenditure start-up with robust project economics
-
Size and scalability of Goongarrie offers significant upside for project growth
-
PFS has only accounted for 5% of the Company’s nickel-cobalt laterite resources
-
2.25Mtpa Expansion Study via a single processing train confirms economies of scale
-
Substantial resource inventory supports multiple trains at Goongarrie, and potential additional processing hubs at Kalpini or Yerilla
-
Goongarrie perfectly placed to leverage Electric Vehicle and Electric Static Storage demand growth
-
Significant amount of news flow expected over the coming months
21
==> picture [577 x 58] intentionally omitted <==
APPENDICES
==> picture [93 x 27] intentionally omitted <==
22
APPENDIX – Goongarrie Nickel Cobalt Project Resources
Summary of total mineral resources within the Goongarrie Nickel Cobalt Project area, comprising resources at Goongarrie Hill, Goongarrie South, Big Four, and Scotia Dam (14 March 2018).
| ( | ) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Camp Domains |
Cut-off Resource |
Size Cobalt Nickel |
Contained metal | |
| category % |
(Mt) (%) (%) |
Co(t) | Ni(t) | |
| Goongarrie Hill Ni & Co Goongarrie South Ni & Co Big Four Ni & Co Scotia Dam Ni & Co Total All |
> 0.5% Ni or > 0.08% Co Inferred Subtotal > 0.5%Ni or > 0.08% Co Measured Indicated Inferred Subtotal > 0.5%Ni or > 0.08% Co Indicated Inferred Subtotal > 0.5% Ni or > 0.08% Co Indicated Inferred Subtotal > 0.5% Ni or > 0.08% Co Measured Indicated Inferred |
52.5 0.04 0.65 |
21,600 | 340,400 |
| 52.5 0.04 0.65 |
21,600 | 340,400 | ||
| 10,200 37,200 20,300 |
||||
| 10.3 0.10 0.98 |
101,200 407,000 221,200 |
|||
| 56.2 0.07 0.72 |
||||
| 32.2 0.06 0.69 |
||||
| 98.7 0.07 0.74 |
67,700 | 729,300 | ||
| 28,200 6,100 |
||||
| 45.5 0.06 0.71 |
320,700 61,900 |
|||
| 9.9 0.06 0.63 |
||||
| 55.4 0.06 0.69 |
34,300 | 382,700 | ||
| 3,000 4,100 |
||||
| 3.3 0.09 0.81 |
26,900 43,300 |
|||
| 5.7 0.07 0.76 |
||||
| 9.0 0.08 0.78 |
7,100 | 70,200 | ||
| 10,200 68,400 52,100 |
||||
| 10.3 0.10 0.98 |
101,200 754,600 666,900 |
|||
| 105.0 0.07 0.72 |
||||
| 100.3 0.05 0.67 |
||||
| Goongarrie Resource Global | TOTAL | 215.6 0.06 0.71 |
130,700 | 1,522,700 |
- Note: All nickel and cobalt domains are included, and are encapsulated by an envelope defined by nickel grades equal to or greater than 0.5%. Note that figures are rounded to reflect degree of certainty and may not tally.
==> picture [93 x 27] intentionally omitted <==
23
APPENDIX – Reserves Defined for Goongarrie Nickel Cobalt Project
Goongarrie Nickel Cobalt Project, Ore Reserves based on 25 year mine life at 1.5 Mtpa.
| Deposits | Class | Size (Mt) |
Cobalt (%) |
Nickel (%) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Goongarrie South | Proven |
8.95 | 0.10% | 0.96% | ||
| Probable | 17.26 | 0.09% | 0.79% | |||
| Total | 26.22 | 0.10% | 0.85% | |||
| Big Four | Proven | — | — | — | ||
| Probable | 13.92 | 0.09% | 0.77% | |||
| Total | 13.92 | 0.09% | 0.77% | |||
| TOTAL | Proven | 8.95 | 0.10% | 0.96% | ||
| Probable | 31.18 | 0.09% | 0.78% | |||
| Total | 40.13 | 0.09% | 0.82% | |||
| $ | $ |
Using a nickel equivalent cut of >0.81 %, which used inputs of A$18,900/t nickel and A$120,750/t cobalt. (US$15,120/t Ni and US $96,600/t Co, 0.8 exchange rate). Nickel equivalent (Nieq %) = ��������������������������������� ������� . Prices used are US$15,120/t for nickel and US$96,600/t for cobalt. No assumption about recovery is included here. Recoveries are addressed elsewhere throughout the mining schedule and financial model.
==> picture [93 x 27] intentionally omitted <==
24
APPENDIX – KNP resource breakdown
�������������������������������������������������������������������������
| Resource Category | Quantity (Mt) |
Cobalt (%) |
Nickel (%) |
Contained cobalt(t) |
Contained nickel(t) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Measured | 9.6 | 0.10 | 1.02 | 9,700 | 98,800 | ||
| Indicated | 232.9 | 0.06 | 0.75 | 141,200 | 1,759,700 | ||
| Inferred | 530.5 | 0.05 | 0.68 | 254,400 | 3,600,000 | ||
| KNP Total Resources | 773.0 | 0.05 | 0.70 | 405,400 | 5,458,400 |
In accordance with the Australian Securities Exchange Limited Listing Rules Appendix 5A:
The information in this report that relates to Mineral Resources for the Highway, Goongarrie Hill, Goongarrie South, Big Four, Aubils and Boyce Creek Prospects is based on information originally compiled in-house and validated by Steve Jones in 2013. Steve Jones is a member of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. Steve Jones is a full time employee of Heron Resources Limited and has sufficient experience that is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under consideration and to the resource estimation activity that he is undertaking to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the ‘Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves’. Steve Jones consents to the inclusion in this report of the matters based on his information in the form and context that it appears. Note that Mineral Resources that are not Ore Reserves do not have demonstrated viability.
The information in this report that relates to Mineral Resources for the Siberia North, Bulong East, Siberia, Black Range, Taurus and Jump Up Dam Prospects is based on information compiled by Snowden Mining Industry Consultants by members of the Australian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. Snowden Mining Industry Consultants had sufficient experience that is relevant to the style of mineralisation and type of deposit under consideration and to the resource estimation activity. All resources were internally audited by Snowden and signed off by a person of sufficient experience to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 Edition of the ‘Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves’. Steve Jones validated the Snowden Mining Siberia North estimate in 2013. Note that Mineral Resources that are not Ore Reserves do not have demonstrated viability.
==> picture [93 x 27] intentionally omitted <==
25
APPENDIX – Autoclave Size Comparison
==> picture [225 x 174] intentionally omitted <==
==> picture [226 x 174] intentionally omitted <==
==> picture [57 x 202] intentionally omitted <==
==> picture [449 x 30] intentionally omitted <==
==> picture [93 x 27] intentionally omitted <==
26
APPENDIX – �e Sulphate Markets
������
-
Strong growth in sulphate pricing is expected with rapidly increasing demand for highpurity product from manufacturers globally. Increased battery production is required to power the Automotive Electrification Revolution
-
Cobalt sulphate and nickel sulphate attract a price premium (based on contained metal) • Cobalt sulphate – 5% premium
-
Nickel sulphate – 30% premium
-
East Asia is the major consumer, manufacturing most of the world’s lithium ion batteries – ongoing discussions with a number of interested parties from this region.
-
Sulphate market is strong with spot prices increasing substantially since PFS release
| Price date | Units | CNY / t | USD / t | USD / lb | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cobalt sulphate (contains 20.97% cobalt) |
PFS | Feb 2018(avg) | Sulphate | ¥121,600 | $19,241 | $8.73 |
| Contained metal equiv. | $91,771 | $41.63 | ||||
| Spot | 4 Apr 2018 | Sulphate | ¥142,000 | $22,469 | $10.19 | |
| Contained metal equiv. | $107,167 | $48.61 | ||||
| Nickel sulphate (contains 22.33% nickel) |
PFS | Feb 2018(avg) | Sulphate | ¥27,500 | $4,351 | $1.97 |
| Contained metal equiv. | $19,486 | $8.84 | ||||
| Spot | 4 Apr 2018 | Sulphate | ¥28,500 | $4,510 | $2.05 | |
| Contained metal equiv. | $21,509 | $9.76 |
������
- ������������������������������������������������������������������������� ���������������������� ���������������������������
27
28
==> picture [577 x 58] intentionally omitted <==
----- Start of picture text -----
�e Growing Momentum in Cobalt
----- End of picture text -----
-
Cobalt demand continues to grow on the back of the Electric Vehicle and Electric Static Storage battery markets
-
Electric Vehicles predicted to account for 14% of all new car sales by 2025
-
Cobalt sulphate market forecast to reach US $9.5 billion by 2025
-
Anticipated cobalt sulphate market CAGR of 8% from 2017-2025
-
Increased demand for cobalt sulphate driven by the higher energy density it provides to EV and ESS batteries
==> picture [223 x 118] intentionally omitted <==
==> picture [222 x 96] intentionally omitted <==
==> picture [93 x 27] intentionally omitted <==
==> picture [577 x 58] intentionally omitted <==
----- Start of picture text -----
�e Growing Momentum in Cobalt
----- End of picture text -----
==> picture [256 x 121] intentionally omitted <==
-
Increasing ethical concerns over supply of cobalt from DRC (~60% of global supply)
-
Some companies have stopped sourcing cobalt from DRC and are opting to pay a premium for cobalt from regulated industrial mines
-
More global manufacturers anticipated to follow in sourcing alternative supply
-
Demand for alternative cobalt supplies will drive new mine develo p ment and p roduct p ricin g
==> picture [351 x 117] intentionally omitted <==
==> picture [179 x 115] intentionally omitted <==
����������������������������������������������������������
==> picture [577 x 58] intentionally omitted <==
----- Start of picture text -----
Cobalt and Nickel Sulphate Fundamentals
----- End of picture text -----
-
Cobalt and nickel are critical components of lithium ion batteries ensuring high energy density and chargeability
-
Higher cobalt and nickel content provides EVs with greater range and faster recharge times
-
The battery industry requires the metals specifically as soluble compounds to be suitable for the cathode manufacturing process
-
Purity of the sulphate product is key to produce high-quality batteries.
-
PFS bench-scale sulphate production confirms that Ardea has the flowsheet to deliver highest-purity cobalt and nickel sulphate products
==> picture [77 x 21] intentionally omitted <==
----- Start of picture text -----
Cobalt Sulphate
(20.97% cobalt)
----- End of picture text -----
-
Goongarrie is a limonite laterite deposit, which means:
-
Efficient dissolution in acid
-
High metal recoveries
-
Low undesirable elements
-
Goongarrie is amenable to high-purity sulphate production
-
At Goongarrie, an incremental capital cost increase for sulphate circuits is expected to realise substantial revenue benefits
==> picture [76 x 21] intentionally omitted <==
----- Start of picture text -----
Nickel Sulphate
(22.33% nickel)
----- End of picture text -----
==> picture [93 x 27] intentionally omitted <==
31
32
ASX : ARL