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AIXTRON SE

Annual Report Mar 15, 2006

20_10-k_2006-03-15_cbd3b2de-711d-44f7-a295-949e032c952d.pdf

Annual Report

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ANNUAL REPORT 2005

Revenues (million Euro)

Consolidated Earnings (million Euro)

(53.5)***

Earnings per share (Euro)

Order Dispatch by Application, 2005 Revenues by Region, 2005

Employees

* US-GAAP

** In accordance with the restated Consolidated Financial Statements for 2001–2003, US-GAAP

*** IFRS

Consolidated Balance Sheet

in EUR thousands Note Dec. 31, 2005 Dec. 31, 2004
Assets
Property, plant and equipment 12 42,179 37,070
Goodwill 13 71,002 13,633
Other intangible assets 13 19,766 4,295
Investment property 14 4,908 4,908
Other non-current assets 15 499 5,820
Deferred tax assets 16 6,331 5,822
Total non-current assets 144,685 71,548
Inventories 17 33,113 37,276
Trade receivables 18 24,209 16,008
less allowance kEUR 445
(last year: kEUR 355)
Current tax assets 11 0 63
Other current assets 18 3,875 5,942
Cash and cash equivalents 19 31,435 45,498
Total current assets 92,632 104,787
Total assets 237,317 176,335
Number of shares: 87.796.614 (last year: 64.831.512)
Additional paid-in capital
Retained earnings
Accumulated other comprehensive income
Total shareholders' equity
20 95,951
(9,264)
9,115
183,599
28,803
44,204
(872)
136,967
Provisions for pensions 22 978 703
Other non-current liabilities 176 104
Other non-current accruals and provisions 24 3,122 0
Total non-current liabilities 4,276 807
Trade payables 25 17,479 13,901
Advance payments from customers 11,845 13,529
Other current accruals and provisions 24 14,032 7,063
Other current liabilities 25 3,949 2,137
Current tax liabilities 11 1,404 83
Convertible bonds 26 3 3
Deferred revenues 730 1,845
Total current liabilities 49,442 38,561
Total liabilities 53,718 39,368
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity 237,317 176,335

Consolidated Income Statement

in EUR thousands Note 2005 2004
Revenues 139,402 140,004
Cost of sales 104,676 87,604
Gross profit 34,726 52,400
Selling expenses 27,766 18,297
General administration expenses 18,004 13,240
Research and development costs 5 30,514 20,407
Other operating income 6 5,565 9,939
Other operating expenses 7 2,900 721
Impairment of goodwill 13,782 0
Operating result (52,675) 9,674
Interest income 693 786
Interest expense
Net interest
9 233
460
2
784
Result before taxes (52,215) 10,458
Taxes on income
Net loss/income for the year (after taxes)
10 1,253
(53,468)
2,829
7,629
loss attributable to miniority interests (after taxes)
loss/profit attributable to the shareholders of
0 (52)
the parent company (after taxes) (53,468) 7,681
Basic earnings per share (EUR) 21 (0.65) 0.12
Diluted earnings per share (EUR) 21 (0.65) 0.12

Contents

O Letter to the Shareholders 2
O High-Tech for Everyday Life 6
O Supervisory Board Report 16
O Corporate Governance Report 20
O Declaration of Conformity 28
O Table of Contents, Group Management Report of AIXTRON AG 29
O Group Management Report of AIXTRON AG 30
O Table of Contents, Consolidated Statements 75
O Consolidated Financial Statements 76
O
Consolidated Statement of Income
76
O
Consolidated Balance Sheet
77
O
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flow
78
O
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity
79
O Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 80
O Report of Independent Auditors 143
O Corporate Calendar 2006 144
O Contact 144

Dear shareholders,

This time last year, I was able to report a year of success and a return to profitability. At the same time, we warned that 2005 would be likely to see market conditions deteriorate, with little sign of any sustained recovery in the growth of the general semiconductor manufacturing industry. This prediction has proved to be correct but, thanks to an enormous effort by all, the effects at an operating level have been kept within planned limits.

I consider it a testament to the hard work of the whole AIXTRON Group team that we have been able to limit our net loss under US GAAP before special effects to 1 14.6 million, well within the guidance we gave in November 2005. Differences in accounting treatment as well as our decision not to capitalize deferred taxes in 2005 mean that under IFRS we are reporting a net loss before special effects of 1 23.2 million.

The performance delivered in 2005 is due to several factors:

First we continue to find improvements in the flexible business model we have developed over many years. This allows us to respond relatively quickly to the cost pressures of falling demand without limiting our ability to grow in the future. Indeed, we have made progress in streamlining the business still further during the year.

On his arrival in April 2005, I asked our new Chief Financial Officer, Wolfgang Breme, to lead a review of costs and operating practices throughout the business. This review is a continuous process but has already produced a number of key results. These results include a reduction of almost 10% in headcount from 624 following the completion of the Genus, Inc. acquisition, to 570 at the end of the year. This program will continue throughout 2006.

The review has also led to significant potential savings through changes in purchasing (to leverage the volume benefits arising from the Genus, Inc. acquisition), manufacturing (through temporary plant closures and flexible working arrangements), research and development (by rescheduling projects or delaying R&D capital expenditures) and engineering activities (by introducing generic platform designs Group-wide). Again, the full benefit of many of these changes will only begin to be felt in 2006.

Second, and perhaps even more important, the drop in Compound Semiconductor revenues arising from customer market conditions has been largely offset by the revenues generated from the Silicon Semiconductor business delivered by the Genus, Inc. acquisition. This is once again an indication that our decision to broaden the range of our product offering was timely and supports our view that our technology needs to address a broader range of market opportunities.

Third, and vital for the future, is the extraordinary effort by the entire AIXTRON Team who, despite the adverse market conditions, have actually managed to maintain our global market share for Compound Semiconductor systems at above 60%.

As part of our internal strategic review, we have concluded that the costs associated with a number of systems and related items installed as part of our R&D effort should be revalued in line with the immediate business opportunities. We further concluded that, under IFRS, which we are applying for the first time for fiscal years 2005 and 2004, we should take an impairment charge against the goodwill recognized as part of the Genus, Inc. acquisition. This is to recognize the extended time-frame envisaged for the adoption of new technologies in the Silicon Semiconductor market which has resulted in revised future discounted cash flows from Genus, Inc.'s projected business. Together with other balance sheet adjustments, these special effects amount to 1 30.3 million. There is no cash impact arising from these charges, but they do, in the opinion of the Executive Board, lead to a prudent and realistic balance sheet valuation, more accurately reflecting market conditions.

These special effects are included in our reported net loss to 1 53.5 million. However, we believe that the self-imposed discipline represented by these balance sheet adjustments will allow us to move forward from a very difficult period in the Company's development. With a stronger balance sheet and a streamlined organizational structure we now focus on the future.

Our strategic review also reflected the adoption of a much more market-driven research and development process. We have reviewed the decision-making process that controls the R&D effort in order to ensure that commercial considerations are always paramount. We expect that the changes we have made in this regard will have a significant effect on the future R&D budgets and consequently on our overall cost structure.

Returning finally to our decision to broaden our product range: As I predicted in my last message to you, market conditions in 2005 were very difficult. However, we are convinced that the products and corporate structure we have developed over the last year leave us better able than ever before to meet the needs of clients who are addressing newly emerging technologies. With the completion of the Genus, Inc. acquisition, we took another step to achieve our goal of having products in the three key market development phases: Market Leadership for Compound Semiconductor equipment, Market Entry for Organic Semiconductor equipment, and Market Innovation for Silicon Semiconductor equipment. This allows us to move into the future with a balanced and complementary product range based on our core competence, gas phase deposition technology.

The strategy we are pursuing is built around:

  • Focussed, market-led technical developments
  • Enhancing our core competence and unique selling points
  • Leveraging multiple market opportunities
  • Maintaining long-term customer loyalty and major market share in our target technologies
  • Returning to a consistently profitable performance to the benefit of shareholders, employees

Our market leadership in Compound Semiconductors remains consistently high and we expect to maintain this leadership at a share of at least 60% of a market estimated to be US\$ 166 million in 2007, and to continue to increase profitability by driving down costs. The Market Entry Organic Semiconductors business continues to show signs of strong growth potential, despite the competing technologies, with a projected 3% share of an estimated addressable market of US\$ 220 million by 2007. A real opportunity to create profitable business in niche growth markets with our newly acquired Silicon Semiconductor technologies leads us to target a 30% share of a market anticipated to be worth US\$ 260 million in 2007.

Our more positive outlook for 2006 is supported by an increase in equipment order intake in the fourth quarter of 2005. Compared with the same period in 2004, equipment order intake more than doubled to a total of 1 37.6 million in the fourth quarter of 2005. Equipment order intake in the last quarter of 2005 rose by 51% quarter on quarter. This gives us better earnings visibility into the current year than was the case last year, with the equipment order backlog standing at 148.6 million as of December 31, 2005.

As you will recognize, 2005 was a difficult year for the team at AIXTRON. The continuing market weakness and the changes brought about by our review of the business, mean that we continue to demand an extraordinary level of commitment and cooperation from our employees. I would like to thank them and their families for their forbearance through the past year. I would also like to thank the Supervisory Board for the support and advice they have provided throughout the year.

Finally, I would like to thank you, our shareholders, for your patience and understanding. I assure you all of the full commitment of the Executive Board to create long-term shareholder value and to drive towards returning AIXTRON to profitable operation.

Aachen, March 2006

Paul Hyland Chairman of the Executive Board

Company

Our technology is complex, but our goal is simple: to make high-tech usable for everyday use.

More than 20 years ago, we began to develop systems for the production of compound semiconductors. Since then, our worldwide customers have used our systems to manufacture components for fiber optic communication networks, mobile data transfer, optical data storage, illumination, signal and lighting technology, automotive and consumer electronics, and many other industrial applications.

We focus our material deposition technology on three principal material applications: Compound, silicon and organic semiconductors, the key building blocks for all modern electronics.

Our core competency is the controlled deposition of highly complex materials for today's and tomorrow's semiconductor technology. With the acquisition of the US company Genus, Inc. in 2005, we significantly expanded AIXTRON's technology portfolio. In addition to AIXTRON's CVD, MOCVD, AVD® and OVPD® deposition processes*, the CVD and ALD processes developed by Genus, Inc. provide us with a wide range of deposition technologies for the semiconductor industry.

The following pages offer an overview of our technologies and end-user markets.

* CVD: Chemical Vapor Deposition MOCVD: Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition AVD®: Atomic Vapor Deposition OVPD®: Organic Vapor Phase Deposition ALD: Atomic Layer Deposition

Compound

Brighter, smaller, more efficient. Compound semiconductors put more intelligence into electronics.

Electricity is valuable and expensive. Which is why traditional light sources are increasingly being replaced by alternatives such as light emitting diodes (LEDs). These devices illuminate, for instance, cell phone keypads and modern traffic lights, and are increasingly used in automotive technology for rear and brake lights, indicators, internal lighting, and soon for headlights as well. Worldwide, AIXTRON's MOCVD systems are used to manufacture the LEDs necessary for all of these applications.

Our systems are also used in the manufacture of lasers for consumer electronics such as CD1 and DVD2 players. The storage capacity of a DVD can be quintupled with the new blue lasers that herald the arrival of a new laser technology generation alongside the conventional red lasers. AIXTRON systems can be used to manufacture these new lasers on the basis of both current industry standards, "Blu-Ray" and "HD DVD"3.

The speed at which new market applications are developing can also be seen in automotive engineering. High-performance electronics are in increasing demand following the development of environmentally friendly hybrid engines. State-of-the-art components based on silicon carbide (SiC) allow an efficient flow of energy between the electric and the combustion elements of the engine. AIXTRON's systems are used to manufacture these components.

It seems that no year passes without another Compound Semiconductor application entering our everyday lives.

  1. CD: Compact Disk 2. DVD: Digital Versatile Disk 3. HD DVD: High Density Digital Versatile Disk

Organic The gap between conventional and innovative is as thin as a layer of film.

The organic light-emitting diode, or OLED, is a highly innovative display and illumination technology, which is increasingly competing against conventional display technologies, such as LCDs(Liquid Crystal Displays) due to the unique physical properties of OLEDs, including their high energy efficiency, and their very compact dimensions. While OLED displays still need further development to reach their full potential, they are already emerging as a viable display alternative.

Display potential: To date, OLED displays have been seen in small devices such as cell phones and PDAs, however, the trend towards increasingly large display sizes is also leading to new challenges in the manufacture of OLEDs. RiTdisplay, a leading manufacturer of OLED displays, was looking for an alternative OLED deposition technology to meet these challenges, and, in November 2005, qualified one of AIXTRON's Gen2 OVPD® systems to be used in the mass production of OLEDs.

Power potential: Organic solar cells could potentially be up to 1,000 times thinner than today's conventional polysilicon solar cells. In future, extremely low material and energy requirements will drive the production of cost-efficient solar cells on flexible substrates such as metal or plastic foil. AIXTRON's equipment is ideally suited for this next generation of solar cell technology.

Light potential: Wallpaper in the color of your choice, vacation photos or a home movie on the wall? Although that vision may still lie in the distant future, AIXTRON's engineers are already working on realizing the vision of flexible light media that one day may light up our everyday lives.

Silicon

Nanotechnology is already here. See, hear, feel – and enjoy!

We said farewell to valves in 1947 when transistors ushered in the miniaturization of the first computers. Today several million transistors fit onto a single silicon chip the size of a fingernail. However, the continuing miniaturization of chips based on conventional silicon materials is reaching the physical limits of the materials used to make them. New types of highly complex materials are needed to advance the process of miniaturization even further. A new era of materials has begun.

We are well placed to respond to the challenges facing the silicon semiconductor industry. Innovative new materials, that will be vital to future technological developments, are already being produced on AIXTRON's Tricent® AVD® equipment today. That is why leading chip makers are already using AIXTRON's deposition equipment to enable the further shrinking of IC1 device structures.

The need for higher-performance chips for, e.g., PCs, televisions, servers, and cell phones continues to grow… with new applications emerging every year. This results in attractive new markets for AIXTRON, such as:

  • metal and oxide films for CMOS2 gate electrodes
  • metal and oxide films for DRAMs3 (memory chips for, e.g., desktop PCs or laptops) and FeRAMs4 (used increasingly in cell phones). In 2005, a StrataGem 300 tool started producing the latest generation of 2 GB DRAMs for one of the world's biggest IC suppliers.

1) IC: Integrated Circuit

2) CMOS: Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor

  • 3) DRAM: Dynamic Random Access Memory
  • 4) FeRAM: Ferro-electric Random Access Memory

Research & Development Understanding the past and the present is essential to predicting the future.

Development work depends on teamwork. It cuts across all disciplines and borders. Since the Company's foundation, we have been actively engaged in research and development with scientists from other companies, renowned research institutes, and universities worldwide. There are many benefits associated with this working method: cost savings, speed, efficiency, but, above all else, access to some of the world's best scientific intellect.

Our customers manufacture highly innovative materials on AIXTRON systems. It is therefore ideal for the development of our systems if all disciplines cooperate, develop ideas and forge new paths, from the basic research to the design of the end product. This is what we call our "Network of Knowledge".

Take the example of organic semiconductors: The installation, hardware qualification, and final acceptance of a first-generation OVPD® R&D and pilot production system at Philips. The system is being used for the development of leading-edge large-area OLEDs, in particular, for innovative light applications. In conjunction with RWTH Aachen University, a leading technical university in Europe, the system was financed as part of a cooperative project supported by the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research.

Another example of collaborative research and development is the installation of a 200/300 mm multi-chamber Tricent® system at IMEC, one of the world's leading independent research centers for microelectronics and nanotechnology. Following the successful commissioning of the system, AIXTRON and IMEC's other industrial project partners, such as Intel, Samsung, ST Microelectronics, Matsushita, Philips, and Texas Instruments, are focusing on further research into the layer deposition of high-k dielectrics and metals in innovative transistor structures at sub 45 nm dimensions, two or three generations ahead of today's products.

The world of atoms is not infinitely large, but its technological potential is.

Supervisory Board Report

Fiscal year 2005 continued to be dominated by a difficult market and industry environment, and the resulting weakness in the core business for compound semiconductors. The focus was on the integration of Genus Inc. and the associated strategic enhancements of the AIXTRON Group, as well as on the implementation of measures to reduce costs and increase efficiency.

The Supervisory Board of AIXTRON AG oversaw and monitored the 2005 activities of the Executive Board and advised the Executive Board in accordance with the tasks imposed upon it by law and the Company's Articles of Association.

Supervisory Board Meetings and Contents

The measures mentioned above were a key topic of each of the four ordinary meetings of the Supervisory Board on March 8, 2005, May 17, 2005, September 6, 2005, and December 2, 2005. The progress of the implementation was discussed intensively with the Executive Board on the basis of status reports.

In addition, to prepare for each ordinary meeting, the Supervisory Board received a report from the Executive Board on the respective situation of the operating business and current budget planning for AIXTRON AG and its subsidiaries. The situation of the Company and its business strategy going forward were discussed in detail during the meetings. In the last ordinary meeting of the year, the Supervisory Board approved the budget for 2006 submitted by the Executive Board.

In addition to the information from the ordinary meetings, all Supervisory Board members received detailed monthly and quarterly reports on the Company's situation.

Resolutions were passed on the following topics in the ordinary meetings:

  • Annual General Meeting (e.g. Supervisory Board Report, agenda items including proposal for the revised remuneration structure for the Supervisory Board)
  • Executive Board issues (such as contract for appointment of Dr. William W.R. Elder, schedule of responsibilities)
  • Chairmen's Committee, Audit Committee (see "Committees")

The extraordinary Supervisory Board meetings on March 29 and 30, 2005 were held primarily to discuss and approve the 2004 single-entity and consolidated financial statements.

In the four additional meetings of the Audit Committee, the committee members discussed the following special topics, among others, in addition to the development of the financial position and the budget planning:

  • Status of IFRS implementation
  • Effects of the conversion from US GAAP to IFRS
  • Risk management, risk report
  • Reorganization of the Disclosure Committee of the Executive Board for the approval of announcements
  • Individual disclosure of Executive Board salaries

Committees

By way of a resolution dated March 8, 2005, the Chairmen's Committee of the Supervisory Board was dissolved due to significant overlapping of its activities with the Audit Committee. The Chairman's Committee advised and supported the Executive Board in its decisions regarding the Company's strategic orientation, and in particular with regard to technology, product and market issues. This expert consultation is continuing even after the dissolution of the Chairmen's Committee. If necessary, the Executive Board consults the Supervisory Board member with respective expertise in one-on-one meetings.

The Audit Committee primarily deals with matters such as accounting, the conversion to IFRSs, and risk management, the auditors' mandate, identification of areas to be audited, auditors' fee arrangements, while at the same time ensuring the necessary independence of the auditors. In 2004, the Chairman's Committee convened for nine meetings, and the Audit Committee for four meetings. The Chairman of the Committee regularly reported to the Supervisory Board with regard to the work performed.

Monitoring of the Executive Board

Beyond the above mentioned monitoring measures, the Chairman of the Supervisory Board and the respective Chairmen of the Supervisory Board Committees also engaged in numerous conference calls and personal meetings with the Executive Board in a timely and comprehensive manner to keep abreast of the Company's business and commercial activities.

On the basis of detailed monthly reports and budget plans, the Supervisory Board was able to track the development, composition and quality of the order intake and order backlog as well as their timely conversion into revenues. By this means, the development of the business activity of Genus, Inc. and its integration into the AIXTRON Group could also be monitored in an ongoing way and discussed in detail with the Executive Board.

During the reporting year the Supervisory Board did not make use of its option to inspect the books and records of the Company or to commission special experts with respect to specific assignments as provided for in § 111 (2) of the German Stock Corporation Act, as there was no need to do so given the regular and detailed reporting by the Executive Board and the additional monitoring measures implemented as described.

Corporate Governance

Due to the additional listing of AIXTRON ADSs (American Depositary Shares) on NASDAQ/USA, the resulting extended disclosure requirements and the expanded financial law and Company law framework in Germany and the USA, the Supervisory Board again addressed the topic of corporate governance in depth.

As in the previous year, the Executive Board and the Supervisory Board commented on corporate governance at AIXTON in a corresponding report. The recommendations of the German Corporate Governance Code were largely implemented in 2005. The current declaration of conformity dated March 2006 states the Company's complete compliance with this Code. Thus the compensation of the Supervisory Board and the Executive Board is now disclosed individually in the 2005 annual financial statements and in the Corporate Governance Report, respectively.

Audit

Following the resolution passed at the Company's Annual Shareholders' Meeting on May 18, 2005, the Supervisory Board awarded the mandate to audit the annual accounts of both AIXTRON AG and the AIXTRON Group to Deloitte & Touche Wirtschaftprüfungsgesellschaft, Hannover, Germany. The auditors also reviewed the measures implemented by the Executive Board to detect risks at an early stage and to avoid that such risks would jeopardize the existence of the Company. As a result of the conversion of the accounting standards, the reconciliation from US GAAP to IFRS also formed part of the audit.

The Company's annual and Group accounts for 2005 have been issued with an unqualified audit opinion. The auditors have determined that the Management Report of both AIXTRON AG and the AIXTRON Group represents a true and fair view of the current and future business development of AIXTRON AG and of the AIXTRON Group.

Annual financial statements

The annual financial statements of AIXTRON AG and the consolidated financial statements for the AIXTRON Group as of December 31, 2005, as well as the joint Management Report for AIXTRON AG and the AIXTRON Group were submitted to the Supervisory Board for examination. The Supervisory Board has closely examined these documents. The annual financial statements of AIXTRON AG and the consolidated financial statements for the AIXTRON Group, as well as the respective management reports were discussed in detail in the Supervisory Board Meeting on March 9, 2006, the auditor being present at that meeting. The effects of the transition to IFRS and additional financial measures were addressed in particular detail.

Following its own examination, the Supervisory Board had no objections to the submitted single-entity and consolidated financial statements as well as the respective management reports, and entirely concurred with the auditors' results and opinion. The Supervisory Board approved the annual financial statements of both AIXTRON AG and the consolidated financial statements for the AIXTRON Group for fiscal year 2005 in a resolution passed on March 9, 2006. The annual financial statements of the Company and the AIXTRON Group are, therefore, adopted.

Thanks by the Supervisory Board

The Supervisory Board would like to thank the Executive Board and all employees for their great personal commitment as well as the employee representatives for their constructive cooperation with the Company's executives. Likewise, the Supervisory Board would like to thank AIXTRON's shareholders for their continuing confidence in the Company.

Aachen, March 2006

Kim Schindelhauer Chairman of the Supervisory Board

Joint Corporate Governance Report by the Executive Board and Supervisory Board of AIXTRON AG

AIXTRON is committed to observing the principles of transparent, responsible corporate governance aimed at maximizing value. The Executive Board, Supervisory Board and officers of AIXTRON identify with these principles. Therefore, AIXTRON considers compliance with corporate governance principles to constitute an important means of instilling confidence on the part of present and future shareholders, creditors, employees, business partners and the public in national and international markets. The recommendations of the German Corporate Governance Code guide us in our business activity.

This Corporate Governance Report is based on the German Corporate Governance Code ("Code") in the version dated June 2, 2005. The sections referred to in the text apply to this Code. On the one hand, the Report contains information which is explicitely recommended since the latest amendment of the Code, on the other hand it shall inform about specific Corporate Governance related facts which arose in the reporting year 2005.

The annual joint declaration of conformity issued by the Executive Board and the Supervisory Board was last updated in March 2006. It states the Company's complete compliance with the Code. Consequently, the compensations of the Executive Board and the Supervisory Board are also reported individualized in this report and the annex to the individual and consolidated financial statements for 2005, respectively.

Both this Corporate Governance Report and the latest declaration of conformity are published in the Annual Report and on the AIXTRON corporate website in German and English. According to section 3.10. of the Code, AIXTRON also keeps previous declarations of conformity available on its website for five years. The following declarations of conformity according to section 161 German Stock Corporation Act (Aktiengesetz) have been issued so far:

Date Code-Version Deviation from the Code
December 2002 Februar 26, 2002 None
December 2003 May 21, 2003 Deviations: 4.2.4. (Individualized reporting of the
compensation of the Executive Board); 5.4.5., Para. 3
(Individualized reporting of the compensation of the
Supervisory Board)
August 2004 May 21, 2003 Deviations: 4.2.4. (Individualized reporting of the
compensation of the Executive Board); 5.4.5., Para. 3
(Individualized reporting of the compensation of the
Supervisory Board); 2.3.1., Para. 2 and 2.3.2.
(Publication of General Meeting documents on
the website and notification of the convening of
the General Meeting)
March 2005 May 21, 2003 Deviations: 4.2.4. (Individualized reporting of the
compensation of the Executive Board); 5.4.5., Para. 3
(Individualized reporting of the compensation of the
Supervisory Board)
March 2006 June 2, 2005 None

Annual General Meeting

The Ordinary General Meeting took place in Aachen on May 18, 2005. The agenda, as well as the reports and documents required by law, were provided at the General Meeting, were sent to shareholders upon request, and were also published on the AIXTRON website (Section 2.3.1.). The provisions of the German Corporate Governance Code concerning the convention of the General Meeting were met as well (Section 2.3.2.).

Seven out of eight agenda points were due for approval. The approval rate was above 96% without exception. After the capital increase against contribution in kind by 24,967,885 shares, effective on March 14, 2005, the share capital entitled to vote represented 89,799,397 shares.

With the seventh agenda point, the modification of the Supervisory Board compensation and the respective amendment to the articles of association was resolved (please also refer to "Supervisory Board").

Executive Board

AIXTRON AG's Executive Board comprises the following four people by the end of 2005 (Section 4.2.1., Para. 1):

Name Position Appointment
Paul Hyland President and Chief Executive Officer April 1, 2002
Wolfgang Breme Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer
April 1,2005
Dr. Bernd Schulte Executive Vice President and
Chief Operating Officer
April 1, 2002
Dr. William W.R. Elder Executive Vice President
(before: President and CEO of Genus, Inc.)
July 1, 2005

Christopher C. Dodson, previously Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, left the AIXTRON AG Executive Board, effective April 1, 2005. At the same time, Stephen D. Perry and Timothy M. McEntee also left the Executive Board.

Supervisory Board

Following a Supervisory Board resolution taken on March 8, 2005, the Chairmen Committee has been dissolved, because of numerous overlaps with the activities of the Audit Committee. The composition of the Audit Committee has been newly defined on May 17, 2005. Since then, the Audit Committee comprises four members (Section 5.3.2.).

In a resolution passed during the annual general meeting on May 18, 2005 and following the respective amendment of the Company's bylaws, the compensation for the Supervisory Board has been modified, in accordance with the German Corporate Governance Code, as follows: The compensation for individual members of the Supervisory Board shall be EUR 18,000, for the Chairman it shall be three times this amount, and for the Deputy Chairman one and a half times this amount. Members of the Supervisory Board shall receive in the aggregate a variable compensation of 1% of the Company's retained earnings, less an amount corresponding to 4% of the paid-in contributions to the share capital. The Chairman of the Supervisory Board shall receive 6/17, the Deputy Chairman 3/17, and each other member of the Supervisory Board 2/17 of the variable compensation. The variable compensation shall be limited to four times the fixed compensation per Supervisory Board member. In addition, Supervisory Board members shall receive an attendance fee of EUR 1,500 for attending committee meetings, with the Chairman of the committee receiving twice this amount. The total annual attendance fee per Supervisory Board member shall be limited to one and a half times that person's fixed compensation.

Supervisory Board Member Fixed Variable Attendance fee Total
Kim Schindelhauer (Chairman) 54,000 0 3,000 57,000
Dr. Holger Jürgensen (Dep. Chairman) 27,000 0 3,000 30,000
Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Blättchen 18,000 0 6,000 24,000
Karl-Hermann Kuklies 18,000 0 0 18,000
Prof. Dr. Rüdiger von Rosen 18,000 0 0 18,000
Joachim Simmroß 18,000 0 3,000 21,000

The Supervisory Board compensation (in Euro) for the year 2005 comprised in detail (Section 5.4.7.):

There have been no payments for advisory services provided individually in the previous year.

Prior to the Supervisory Board Meeting of December 2, 2005, each Supervisory Board member received a questionnaire from the Chairman examining the efficiency of the Supervisory Board activities. Based on the result of this examination, the Supervisory Board resolved, that it is acting efficiently in accordance with Section 5.6. of the Code.

Transparency

In the interest of maximum transparency, the shareholders, all capital market participants, financial analysts, shareholder associations and the media are regularly and promptly informed of the AIXTRON Group's business performance (Section 6.3.). Various media including the Internet are used for this purpose. Among other things, the annual reports (within 90 days of the end of the financial year) and interim reports (within 45 days of the end of the reporting period) (Section 7.1.1., 7.1.2.) as well as ad-hoc bulletins and press releases in both German and English are posted on the Company's website. Since AIXTRON's start of trading on NASDAQ on March 15, 2005, these capital market reports and other information are also posted electronically on the EDGAR-webpage of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission SEC (Sections 6.3.-6.5.).

As per November 2005, AIXTRON AG has restructured their internet presence. Amongst other things, the recommendations of the German Corporate Governance Code regarding clear structure and bilingualism (Section 6.8.) have been followed.

The Executive Board publishes a notification according to § 25, Section 1 (1) of the German Securities Trading Act ("WpHG") immediately upon being informed that a party has exceeded or dropped below the threshold of 5, 10, 25, 50 or 75 percent of AIXTRON AG's voting rights by acquiring or selling the Company's shares or through any other action (Section 6.2.). Three such notifications were published in year 2005.

Transactions by persons with management duties according to § 15a WpHG are published without delay after receipt of the notification on the AIXTRON webpage under the category Investors/ Directors Dealings (Section 6.6., Para. 1). In the previous year, two such transactions were published.

By the year end 2005, the members of the AIXTRON Supervisory Board directly and indirectly owned 1,071,523 or 1.2% of the shares issued by the Company. The AIXTRON Executive Board directly and indirectly owned 121,747 or 0.14% shares or ADS (American Depositary Shares) and 414,618 stock options on shares or ADS of the Company by December 31, 2005 (Section 6.6., Para. 2).

Reporting

The AIXTRON Group's accounts have been prepared in accordance with IFRS (International Financial Reporting Standards) for the first time in fiscal year 2005 (Section 7.1.1.). The impacts of the switch of accounting principles from US GAAP (Generally Accepted Reporting Standards) to IFRS are explained in detail in the Notes to the Annual Financial Statements. The separate parent-company annual financial statements 2005 for AIXTRON AG are prepared in accordance with German accounting standards (HGB).

AIXTRON AG has set up the following three stock option plans (Section 7.1.3.), which reserve ordinary shares or AIXTRON ADS for issuance to members of the Executive Board, management and employees (more details in the Notes to the Financial Statements):

Underlying shares
(adjusted for splits)
3,000,000 ordinary shares
Maturity 15 years
Exercisable Equal instalments of 25% p.a. after the
second anniversary of the grant date
Exercise Price Average closing price over the last 20 trading days
on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange before the grant date
Hurdle ■ Performance of the AIXTRON stock must exceed
the performance of the Technology AS Price Index
(formerly Neuer Markt Index) by at least 5%,
or
■ the AIXTRON-turnover rises by at least 25% per year
and the profit/revenue ratio is at least 12%.
■ Regardless of fulfilment of these conditions,
the stock options can be exercised when 15 years have elapsed.
Stock options as per
Dec. 31, 2005
Exercise Price
(EUR)
Outstanding Exercisable Weighted
average life to
maturity (years)
18.70 406,824 406,824 8.50
67.39 440,952 110,238 9.50
26.93 472,300 0 10.50
7.48 767,880 0 11.50
2,087,956 517,062

AIXTRON Stock Option Plan 1999

AIXTRON Stock Option Plan 2002

Underlying shares
(adjusted for splits)
3,511,495 ordinary shares
Maturity 10 years
Exercisable Equal instalments of 25% p.a. after
the second anniversary of the grant date
Exercise Price Average closing price over the last 20 trading days
on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange before the grant date
Hurdle Premium of 20% over the average closing price
Stock options as
per Dec. 31, 2005
Exercise Price
(EUR)
Outstanding Exercisable Weighted
average life to
maturity (years)
3.10 797,670 119,418 7.50
6.17 1,046,875 0 8.50
1,844,545 119,418

Genus Stock Option Plan 2000

Within the scope of the acquisition of Genus, Inc. the Company adopted the Genus Incentive Stock Option Plan 2000. At the date of acquisition options were authorized to purchase 3,948,014 Genus shares of common stock under this plan. At the date of acquisition, these options were converted into options to purchase 2,013,487 AIXTRON ADS.

Options granted before October 3, 2003 vest over a three-year-period and expire five years from the date of grant. Options granted after October 3, 2003 vest over a four-year-period and expire in ten years from the date of grant.

Average Exercise
Price (USD)
Range of Exercise
Prices (USD)
Outstanding Exercisable Weighted
average life to
maturity (years)
5.86 2.10 to 12.73 943,816.00 645,493.00 3.73
4.73 4.61 to 12.06 398,055.00 287,133.00 8.70
4.04 3.99 to 4.27 23,205.00 5,410.00 9.08
1,365,076.00 938,036.00

Stock options as per December 31, 2005 (Genus plan)

Aachen, March 2006

For the Supervisory Board For the Executive Board of AIXTRON AG of AIXTRON AG

Kim Schindelhauer Paul Hyland (Chairman) (Chairman)

Declaration of Conformity

In accordance with section 161 German Stock Corporation Act (Aktiengesetz), the Executive Board and the Supervisory Board of AIXTRON AG declare:

The recommendations of the Government Commission of the German Corporate Governance Code (Regierungskommission "Deutscher Corporate Governance Kodex"), published by the Federal Ministry of Justice (Bundesministerium der Justiz) in the official section of the electronic Federal Gazette as applicable from time to time, have been complied with since the latest Declaration of Conformity of March 2005, except for sections 4.2.4 and 5.4.5 paragraph 3.

In the future, they will completely be complied with.

Aachen, March 2006

AIXTRON AG

Paul Hyland Kim Schindelhauer

Executive Board Supervisory Board

Chairman of the Executive Board Chairman of the Supervisory Board

Group Management Report as of December 31, 2005

1. Preliminary Remarks 30
2. Business and Operating Environment 30
2.1. Corporate Structure 30
2.2. Management and Control 31
2.3. Products, Business Processes, Locations 33
2.4. Manufacturing and Environmental Protection 37
2.5. Strategy and Competitive Positioning 38
2.6. Key Performance Indicators 39
2.7. Legal and Economic Factors 40
2.8. Research and Development 41
3. Summary of Business Development 43
4. Share Price and Investor Relations 48
5. Results of Operations, Financial Position, and Net Assets 51
5.1. Results of Operations 51
5.1.1. Development of Revenues 52
5.1.2. Cost Structure 53
5.1.2.1. Cost of Sales 53
5.1.2.2. Operating Costs 54
5.1.3. Development and Use of Results 55
5.1.4. Development of Order Intake and Order Backlog 55
5.2. Financial Position 56
5.2.1. Principles and Goals of Corporate Financial Management 56
5.2.2. Funding 57
5.2.3. Investments 60
5.2.4. Liquidity 61
5.3. Net Assets 62
5.3.1. Goodwill 63
5.3.2. Other Intangible Assets 63
5.3.3. Trade Receivables 63
5.3.4. Human Resources and Social Commitment 64
5.4. Management Assessment of Company Situation 66
6. Report on Post-Balance Sheet Date Events 66
7. Risk Report 67
7.1. Risk Management 67
7.2. Single Risk Factors 68
8. Report on Expected Developments 71
8.1. Future Strategic Positioning 71
8.2. Future Economic Environment and Opportunities 72
8.3. Expected Results of Operations and Financial Position 73

Group Management Report as of December 31, 2005

1. Preliminary Remarks

This management report contains forward-looking statements, i. e., statements that are not historical facts, but statements about our beliefs and expectations. These statements are based on current plans, estimates and projections, and you should not place too much reliance on them. Forwardlooking statements speak only as of the date they are made, and AIXTRON undertakes no obligation to update any of them in light of new information or future events. Forward-looking statements involve inherent risks and uncertainties. We caution you that a number of important factors could cause actual results or outcomes to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statement. These factors include those identified under the heading "Risk Factors" and elsewhere in this report.

2. Business and Operating Environment

2.1 Corporate Structure

This management report relates to the consolidated financial statements of AIXTRON AG including the following operating subsidiaries (collectively referred to as "AIXTRON," "the AIXTRON Group," or "the Company"): AIXTRON Inc., Atlanta, United States of America; Thomas Swan Scientific Equipment Ltd., Cambridge, United Kingdom; Epigress AB, Lund, Sweden; AIXTRON cshs, Seoul, South Korea; AIXTRON KK, Tokyo, Japan; AIXTRON Taiwan Co. Ltd., Hsinchu-City, Taiwan; and, upon completion of a share-for-share exchange on March 14, 2005, Genus, Inc., Sunnyvale, California (USA) and its subsidiaries.

Name Jurisdiction of Incorporation Ownership Interest
AIXTRON Inc. Georgia, USA 100%
Thomas Swan Scientific Equipment Ltd. England and Wales 100%
Epigress AB Sweden 100%
AIXTRON cshs South Korea 100%
AIXTRON KK Japan 100%
AIXTRON Taiwan Co. Ltd. Taiwan 100%
Genus, Inc. California, USA 100%

Significant Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2005

The consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS"). All financial information contained in this Management Report, including comparable prior-year numbers, is reported in accordance with IFRS. The Company has previously reported its consolidated financial statements in accordance with United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("US GAAP").

2.2 Management and Control

Executive Board

As of December 31, 2005 AIXTRON's Executive Board consisted of the following four individuals:

Name Position Appointment
Paul Hyland President and Chief Executive Officer April 1, 2002
Wolfgang Breme Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer
April 1, 2005
Dr. Bernd Schulte Executive Vice President and
Chief Operating Officer
April 1, 2002
Dr. William W.R. Elder Executive Vice President
(before: President and CEO of Genus, Inc.)
July 1, 2005

Christopher C. Dodson, previously Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, left the AIXTRON AG Executive Board, effective April 1, 2005.

Stephen Duane Perry, previously Executive Vice President and member of the AIXTRON Executive Board, left the AIXTRON AG Executive Board, effective April 1, 2005 and assumed executive management responsibilities for AIXTRON's subsidiary Genus, Inc.

Timothy McEntee, previously Executive Vice President and member of the AIXTRON AG Executive Board, left the AIXTRON AG Executive Board, effective April 1, 2005.

Supervisory Board

As of December 31, 2005 AIXTRON's Supervisory Board consisted of the following six individuals:

Supervisory Board Member Member since
Kim Schindelhauer (Chairman) 2002
Dr. Holger Jürgensen (Dep. Chairman) 2002
Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Blättchen 1998
Karl-Hermann Kuklies 1997
Prof. Dr. Rüdiger von Rosen 2002
Joachim Simmroß 1997

Information on other board memberships of each AIXTRON Supervisory Board member and on their compensation is contained in notes 31 and 39 to the consolidated financial statements.

Principles of Executive Board Member Compensation

For the year ended December 31, 2005, compensation paid to the members of the Executive Board totaled 1 1.4 million.

The remuneration of the Executive Board includes a fixed remuneration, a variable component, and a component with a long-term-incentive effect.

The basis of assessing the variable component is AIXTRON's Group net income, adjusted by additions to or withdrawals from revenue reserves ("modified Group net income"), generated in a given financial year. In case of net income generated, each member of the Executive Board will be paid 1.5% of AIXTRON's modified Group net income as a bonus. For the President and Chief Executive Officer it is 3.0% of net income.

In terms of long-term incentive remuneration, members of the Executive Board have not been granted any new options to receive AIXTRON shares in 2005. Additionally, no Executive Board member has excersised his right to receive AIXTRON shares in 2005.

Directors and Officers Liability Insurance ("D&O Insurance")

The Company has taken out liability insurance that covers the activities of members of the Executive Board as well as members of the Supervisory Board. The policy has a limit of indemnity of 1 10.0 million per insured event and year and provides for a deductible of 1 25,000 per Executive Board member per year each.

2.3. Products, Business Processes, Locations

AIXTRON is a leading provider of deposition equipment to the semiconductor industry. The Company's technology solutions are used by a diverse range of customers worldwide to build advanced components for electronic and opto-electronic applications based on compound, silicon, or organic semiconductor materials. Such components are used in fiber optic communication systems, wireless and mobile telephony applications, optical and electronic storage devices, computing, signaling and lighting, displays, as well as a range of other leading-edge technologies.

The Company markets and sells its products worldwide, principally through its direct sales organization and appointed agents.

Material Compound
Semiconductors
Organic
Semiconductors
Silicon
Semiconductors
Systems
Technology
MOCVD OVPD® CVD
ALD
AVD®
Systems Planetary Reactor
CCS Reactor
SiC Reactor
Gen1 Prototype
Gen1 R&D Tool
Gen2 Production Tool
Lynx 3 CVD
Stratagem 300 ALD
Stratagem R2 ALD
Tricent® AVD® / SiGe
Potential
Applications/
Devices
LEDs OLEDs for displays Metal and Oxide films
for CMOS gate stacks
Optoelectronics
(photo diodes, lasers,
modulators for
Telecom/Datacom)
OLEDs for solid state
lighting
Metal and Oxide films
for capacitor structures
in DRAMs and FeRAMS
Laser devices for
consumer electronics
(CDs, DVDs)
Organic transparent
thin film solar cells
SiGe and SSi
expitaxial layers
for CMOS
High-Frequency devices
(HBTs, HEMTs) for
wireless datacom
Electronic semiconductor
structures for flexible
displays and RFID
MEMS – Micro Electronic
Mechanical Systems
SiC based
Schottky Diodes
TFH – Thin Film Heads
for data storage
hard disk drives
Solar cells

AIXTRON's business activities include developing and producing equipment for coating semiconductors, process engineering, installing laboratory equipment, consulting and training as well as ongoing customer support.

AIXTRON's products range from customized production-scale chemical vapor deposition systems capable of producing up to 95 two-inch diameter wafers per single production run, to small systems for research and development use and small-scale production. Over 200 customers worldwide use AIXTRON technology. To date, over 1,200 AIXTRON systems have been installed globally.

Demand for AIXTRON's products is driven by the sustained miniaturization, increased processing speed and efficiency, and reduced cost of ownership demands for microelectronic components. The ability of AIXTRON's products to precisely deposit thin material films and the ability to control critical surface dimensions in these components, enables manufacturers to improve both yield and quality in the fabrication of advanced microelectronic devices.

AIXTRON also offers a comprehensive range of peripheral equipment and services, including products capable of monitoring the concentration of gases in the air and of cleaning the exhaust gas from metal organic chemical vapor deposition processes. The Company also assists its customers in designing the production layouts of tubing and switching devices for the gas supply to thin film deposition systems, through to a full installation service of "clean room" laboratories (laboratories with reduced particle counts per volume). Additionally, the Company offers its customers process technology, training and consulting services.

AIXTRON's Global Service Organization ("GSO") provides a full range of customer services, from the initial customized development of an AIXTRON system through to the final installation and ongoing operational support of a system. The AIXTRON Group's onsite application laboratories in Aachen, Germany and Sunnyvale, California are equipped for leading edge research and development and are utilized for the development of customized solutions for the Company's customers. AIXTRON's GSO service managers, process engineers and service technicians also provide systems consulting as well as installation and process support.

In recent years, the Company has begun diversifying into next-generation technologies. These include silicon wafer applications, such as systems employing Atomic Vapor Deposition (or "AVD®") technology, and applications and equipment employing Organic Vapor Phase Deposition (or "OVPD®"), involving the deposition of particularly thin organic material by means of a condensation deposition technology for the production of organic light emitting diodes (or "OLEDs"), which are currently being used in new high-performance display products and are seen to have relevance to potential future lighting and solar applications.

Through the acquisiton of Genus, Inc. (Sunnyvale, California) on March 14, 2005, AIXTRON has gained additional production-proven deposition technology, relevant for both the silicon semiconductor and data storage industries. Genus, Inc. broadens AIXTRON's technology expertise to include a comprehensive range of production-qualified deposition technologies for the silicon industry: Atomic Layer Deposition ("ALD"), Atomic Vapor Deposition ("AVD®"), and Chemical Vapor Deposition ("CVD").

The Company is headquartered in Aachen, Germany, and had a total of 11 facilities worldwide as of December 31, 2005:

Facility Location Approximate Size (sq. m.) Use
Aachen, Germany (owned) 7,260 Headquarters, Manufacturing, Sales,
Research and Development
Herzogenrath, Germany (owned) 12,457 Manufacturing, Sales and Service,
Engineering
Cambridge, UK (leased) 2,180 Manufacturing, Sales and Service,
Engineering
Lund, Sweden (leased) 449 Engineering, Service
Sunnyvale, CA, USA (leased) 9,300 Manufacturing, Sales and Service,
Engineering, Research and Development
Chicago, IL, USA (leased) 149 Sales and Service
Seoul, South Korea (leased) 1,032 Sales and Service
Shanghai, China (leased) 145 Sales and Service
Hsinchu, Taiwan (leased) 643 Sales and Service
Tokyo, Japan (leased) 150 Sales and Service
Kawasaki, Japan (leased) 187 Sales and Service

Facilities as of December 31, 2005

2.4. Manufacturing and Environmental Protection

AIXTRON has manufacturing sites in Aachen and Herzogenrath, Germany, in Cambridge, United Kingdom, and in Sunnyvale, California. The equipment for AIXTRON's international customers is developed, produced, assembled, and tested in these locations. Many of the development and production processes are computerized.

AIXTRON is principally involved in the final assembly stage of the production process as well as final equipment tuning and testing. The Company purchases most of the components required to manufacture the equipment from third-party suppliers. AIXTRON's contractors and suppliers are selected and qualified to both supply the source material and standard components as well as partially assemble individual equipment parts. There are typically several suppliers for each component of the AIXTRON equipment. AIXTRON always carries out final assembly and product testing itself.

Since 1994, AIXTRON has, each year, been awarded unlimited ISO-9001 certification. In December 2003, the process-oriented management system was successfully certified in accordance with DIN EN 9001:2000. On the basis of customer requirements and specifications, the Company works together with a series of independent certification companies, such as "TÜV" in Germany or "UL" or "ETL" in the USA.

Environmental protection and the responsible use of resources are an essential part of AIXTRON's business strategy. The Company's engineers work diligently to continuously improve AIXTRON's systems, both in terms of resource conservation and environmentally-friendly design and function.

In Research and Development, simulation techniques are an important tool to reduce material and energy-intensive manufacturing and testing processes as well as reducing natural resource consumption to a minimum.

AIXTRON and its suppliers jointly use a standardized, environmentally friendly reusable packaging system which reduces waste and optimizes stock management. The Herzogenrath, Germany location has a solar cell system installed, via which the building is provided with emergency and safety lighting.

2.5. Strategy and Competitive Positioning

AIXTRON is strategically positioned as one of the world's leading manufacturers of state-of-the-art deposition equipment for the production of complex materials for the semiconductor industry: Compound Semiconductors (MOCVD equipment), Silicon Semiconductors (AVD®, ALD, CVD equipment) and Organic Semiconductors (OVPD® equipment).

Systems for Compound Semiconductor Manufacturing

AIXTRON's main competitor in the market for MOCVD equipment is the Process Equipment Group of Veeco Instruments Inc./USA. AIXTRON also competes with a number of different Asian manufacturers who operate principally within their own regional markets. These include Nippon Sanso/Japan and Nippon EMC/Japan, amongst others. Based on market research by VLSI Research, Inc. it is estimated that the share of the MOCVD equipment market held by AIXTRON in 2004 was 63 percent (total market value: US\$ 232 million). The Company's strongest competitor in terms of sales, Veeco Instruments Inc., had an estimated market share of 22 percent for the same period. The Company anticipates a share in excess of 60 percent in the global MOCVD market for 2005.

Systems for Silicon Semiconductor Manufacturing

In the CVD, AVD® and ALD equipment markets, AIXTRON competes with a variety of other companies. These include Applied Materials, Inc./USA, Tokyo Electron, Ltd./Japan, ASM International N.V./Netherlands, Veeco Instruments Inc./USA, IPS Technology/South Korea, Jusung Engineering Co., Ltd./South Korea, Aviza Technology, Inc./USA und Hitachi Kokusai Electric Co., Ltd/Japan.

Based on market research by VLSI Research, Inc. it is estimated that Genus, Inc. (acquired by AIXTRON in March 2005) in 2004 held an 11% share in the developing ALD systems market (total market value: US\$ 121 million), a 10% share of the established market for tungsten silicide CVD systems (total market value: US\$ 251 million) and a share of approximately 28% of the tungsten silicide CVC systems sold to DRAM memory chip manufactures (total market value: approximately US\$ 90 million).

With the available silicon semiconductor manufacturing technologies, AIXTRON is well positioned for the introduction of the next generation of sub 75 nm memory and logic integrated circuits (ICs). These technologies enable extremely high precision in producing very thin layers and facilitates the even coating of three-dimensional microelectronic device structures, offering new material coating possibilities for the next generation of computer chips, and, in AIXTRON's view, promising high development potential for the future.

Systems for Organic Semiconductor Manufacturing

In the market for Organic Semiconductor equipment, AIXTRON competes with established manufacturers such as Ulvac Inc./Japan, Tokki Corporation/Japan, Applied Films/USA and Germany, Doosan DND Co., Ltd./South Korea, and Sunic System/South Korea as well as a number of smaller companies. While these competitors use established vacuum thermal evaporation technology (VTE) to produce organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) on the basis of smaller organic molecules (so-called small molecule OLEDs/SM OLEDs), AIXTRON offers to OLED manufacturers its own highly innovative organic vapor phase deposition (OVPD®) technology. As AIXTRON is currently in the market entry phase, AIXTRON market share information is not meaningful at this point. However, the acceptance of the first AIXTRON Gen2-OVPD®- system for the mass production of OLEDs by RiTdisplay Corporation, a leading manufacturer of OLED displays, in 2005, marks a significant step forward towards market acceptance of AIXTRON's OVPD® technology.

Based on AIXTRON's established gas phase transport technology, already being utilized in AIXTRON's MOCVD systems, as well as the Company's proprietary Close Coupled Showerhead (CCS) technology, OVPD® has advantages over conventional VTE deposition equipment, such as precise control of deposition rates, long-term process stability and reproducibility, high throughput due to high deposition rates, high yield due to excellent uniformity, low maintenance and running costs due to highly efficient material utilization etc. The OVPD® gas phase process further enables the realization of complex device structures, including graded layers.

Due to the superior process technology and the potential for reducing manufacturing costs, OVPD® technology, in AIXTRON's opinion, has the potential to enhance or even replace VTE. AIXTRON is positioned as a key system supplier for next generation OLEDs, to be used in innovative, self-luminous displays which have the potential to make today's display technologies such as liquid crystal displays (LCDs) and plasma displays (PDPs) redundant at some point in the future.

2.6. Key Performance Indicators

The Executive Board has implemented numerous systems and procedures to manage, monitor, analyse, and document Company risks and opportunities. For that purpose, a Key Performance Indicator (KPI) system is being implemented across the Company, addressing the areas of Management, Logistics, Production, Service, Sales, and Finance. The extension and further development of this KPI system is expected to continue into 2007. In 2005, the areas "Market" and "Finance" were the most prominent control areas AIXTRON's Executive Board focussed on.

In the "Market" control area, AIXTRON is pursuing a market-led product development strategy through the careful examination of market trends and customer requirements. In order to achieve the Company's primary strategic target of diversifying AIXTRON's core deposition technology into new end user applications, the Company acquired CVD and ALD equipment technology for the manufacturing of silicon semiconductors through the takeover of Genus, Inc. in March 2005, thereby gaining additional access to this important material applications market.

In the "Finance" control area, the Executive Board uses a range of internal and external key performance indicators, most importantly: total sales revenue and net result data. Due to the difficult market conditions, total 2005 sales revenues, including revenues generated by Genus, Inc., declined year over year and a net loss was incurred.

2.7. Legal and Economic Factors

As an internationally active high-end technology manufacturer, AIXTRON's business has the potential to be significantly affected by the highly volatile nature of the semiconductor markets, by the US\$/1 exchange rate risk and by its ability to secure innovative technologies through patenting.

Market volatility

The semiconductor equipment market has historically been volatile and has followed the general trend of the semiconductor device market. The entire semiconductor industry has, in the past, been heavily impacted by extreme fluctuations in availability of, and demand for, semiconductors. The global market for semiconductor equipment is characterized by rapid technological change and high customer service demands.

In 2005 the market for compound semiconductor deposition equipment suffered from low demand, leading to a drop in sales revenues for this equipment.

Patents

AIXTRON secures its technology by patenting inventions and know-how , provided it is strategically expedient for the Company to do so. As of December 31, 2005, 101 patent-protected inventions were in use, of which 13 were registered in the reporting period. Patent protection for these inventions applies, although not exclusively, in the sales markets relevant for AIXTRON and at its main competitors' production locations, particularly in Europe as well as in Japan, South Korea, Taiwan and the United States. These patents are maintained and renewed annually and will expire between 2006 and 2025.

Exchange rate risk

A significantly large portion of AIXTRON's sales are processed in US\$, but the Company's consolidated financial results are reported in 1. As a significant part of the Company's sales revenues is generated in US\$ and a significant part of the costs are incurred in 1, any weakening of the US\$ against the 1 will negatively impact the sales revenues and period results reported.

Of the equipment orders received in 2005, 76 percent were denominated in US\$, compared to 77 percent in 2004. Approximately 31 percent of equipment-related cost of sales in 2005 were denominated in US\$.

In 2005 the US\$ appreciated against the 1. The value of the US\$ against the 1 rose from US\$ 1.34/1 as of December 31, 2004 to US\$ 1.18/1 as of December 31, 2005.

In order to minimize the US\$/1 exchange rate risks, the Company applies forward exchange contracts as currency exchange hedging instruments.

2.8. Research and Development

As a high-technology company, AIXTRON maintains a strong research and development (R&D) infrastructure, with significant resources devoted to R&D projects. AIXTRON's R&D activities are criticial for the Company's long-term strategy to position itself as one of the world's leading provider of nano deposition equipment for the manufacture of complex device structures for the semiconductor industry.

AIXTRON's R&D organization works closely with its own global sales and service organization to develop systems, tailored to customers' individual needs.

AIXTRON maintains its own R&D laboratories in Aachen, Germany and in Sunnyvale, California. These in-house laboratories are equipped with AIXTRON systems for researching new equipment and processes, as well as for producing reference samples of semiconductor materials. As part of the R&D efforts employed, AIXTRON regularly collaborates with well-known universities and research centers worldwide and participates in numerous government and European Union-funded development projects.

million 1 2005 2004 Change %
R&D expenses 30.5 20.4 50%
R&D expenses, % of sales 22% 15%
R&D employees (annual average) 188 147 28%
R&D employees, % of total headcount (annual average) 33% 35%

The year-over-year increase in R&D expenses was largely due to exceptional amortization charges totaling 1 5.3 million. Additionally, the consolidation of Genus, Inc. into the AIXTRON Group added 1 5.6 million in R&D expenses to the AIXTRON R&D expenses since the date of acquisition (March 14, 2005).

On November 7, 2005, AIXTRON announced that RiTdisplay Corporation, a leading manufacturer of OLED displays, had signed the system acceptance of the first AIXTRON Gen2 OVPD® system for the mass production of OLEDs. The engineering teams of RiTdisplay and AIXTRON qualified OVPD® technology for the planned manufacture of OLED devices for full color display applications. The β-testing co-operation had previously yielded OLED device structures that were seen to perform better than devices previously manufactured with conventional technology (VTE).

In AIXTRON's opinion, the customer qualification of AIXTRON's Gen2 manufacturing tool is an important step towards market acceptance of AIXTRON's OVPD® technology.

In the reporting period, the AIXTRON Group completed the installation and hardware qualification of an AIXTRON Gen1 OVPD® R&D and pilot production tool at Philips Lighting, Aachen, Germany. AIXTRON, Philips and Merck-Covion utilize this tool for the development of large-area OLEDs, targeted specifically at future lighting applications, within a joint research project, funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research.

Additionally, in 2005 the AIXTRON Group completed the hardware installation and process qualification of a 200/300 mm multi-chamber Tricent® tool at IMEC, a world-leading independent research center in nanotechnology. The installation of this tool, which utilizes the Company's Atomic Vapor Deposition (AVD®) technology, marks an important milestone in IMEC's research efforts to develop innovative gate electrodes for sub-45 nanometer CMOS transistors. Following the successful tool start-up, the AIXTRON Group and IMEC's other industrial project partners such as Intel, Samsung, ST Microelectronics, Matsushita, Philips, and Texas Instruments will focus on further research into the deposition of novel high-k and metal materials for the next generation of transistor structures. Due to recent market developments, the patents and process know-how acquired from this joint development project were written off (see also note 13, "Intangible Assets", to the consolidated financial statements).

3. Summary of Business Development

Difficult Market Conditions Continue

While world real gross domestic product grew by an estimated 3.4 percent and semiconductor industry revenues rose by an estimated 6.9 percent, spending on wafer front end (WFE) equipment declined year over year by an estimated 8.8 percent in 2005.

WFE equipment spending, which includes spending on deposition tools supplied by AIXTRON, was, amongst other things, negatively affected by

  • the delayed introduction of innovative materials in the silicon semiconductor industry,
  • price pressure and industry consolidation in the compound semiconductor industry, and
  • a general equipment spending downturn driven by lower-than-expected end user market demand, especially for electronic consumer applications.

Based on preliminary AIXTRON estimates, the total MOCVD equipment market size declined in 2005 due to low customer capital spending, an ongoing consolidation of the LED manufacturing industry in Asia, and delays in the introduction of a number of new LED end market applications (e.g., LEDbased LCD TV backlighting and mobile phone LED camera flash). However, overall demand in the LED manufacturing industry, which represents a significant market for AIXTRON's compound semiconductor deposition equipment, is expected to have grown modestly in 2005.

Similarly, manufacturers of laser diodes, another important customer group for AIXTRON's compound semiconductor equipment, saw the introduction of a new industry standard for DVD and CD blue lasers delayed by the two competing formats, Sony's Blu-Ray standard and Toshiba's HD DVD standard.

The silicon semiconductor industry, another major target market for AIXTRON's deposition equipment, is proving equally fluid in the estimated timings on the introduction of new materials and technologies for the mass production of next-generation integrated circuit ("IC") devices. Additionally, weaker demand for Dynamic Random Access Memory ("DRAM") devices in 2005 negatively affected AIXTRON's CVD equipment business acquired from Genus, Inc., as DRAM manufacturers adjusted to accommodate industry overcapacities and anticipated further price corrections.

Against that backdrop, AIXTRON experienced a slight year-over-year reduction in total revenues. Including revenues generated by Genus, Inc. since March 14, 2005 (totaling 1 29.9 million, or 21 percent of total revenues), overall AIXTRON Group revenues for 2005 decreased slightly year over year, to 1 139.4 million (previous year: 1 140.0 million).

Largely due to the consolidation of Genus, Inc. and lower revenues generated from the compound semiconductor business, the Company incurred a net loss before special effects of 1 23.2 million in 2005.

However, balance sheet adjustments totaling 1 30.3 million resulted in a reported net loss of 153.5 million for 2005 (previous year: net income of 1 7.7 million).

Special Effects in 2005
million 1
Net loss (IFRS) (53.5)
Asset impairment 28.2
Inventories 1.6
Property, plant, and equipment 1.6
Other intangible assets 11.2
Goodwill (IAS 36) 13.8
Accruals 1.5
Restructuring 0.4
Reserve for pending losses 1.1
Tax effects 0.6
Special tax effects 0.6
Subtotal Special Effects 30.3
Net loss before special effects (IFRS) (23.2)

Due to the deteriorating market conditions experienced throughout the year, AIXTRON reduced its total revenue guidance to the market from an estimated range of 1 160-170 million (guidance given on May 11, 2005) to approximately 1 140 million (guidance given on November 3, 2005).

Equipment order intake increased year over year by 2 percent to 1 113.6 million in 2005 and included 1 85.7 million in order intake denominated in US\$, converted into 1 at an exchange rate of 1.35 US\$/1 1.

Total 2005 equipment order intake included 1 37.1 million in orders received for silicon semiconductor equipment of which almost all was contributed by Genus, Inc. These silicon semiconductor equipment-related orders included orders 1 36.3 million in order intake denominated in US\$, converted into 1 at an exchange rate of 1.35 US\$/1 1.

The reduced demand for AIXTRON's core compound semiconductor equipment was the single largest factor contributing to the decline in revenues and order intakes. However, this decline was partially offset by additional revenues and equipment order intake generated from AIXTRON's silicon semiconductor equipment business.

Genus, Inc., a specialized manufacturer of silicon semiconductor equipment, which was acquired by AIXTRON AG in March 2005, contributed significantly to AIXTRON's 2005 semiconductor equipment business. In the view of the Company's Executive Board, this development highlights the critical importance of AIXTRON's current strategy to further diversify into new silicon end application markets.

Genus, Inc. Broadens AIXTRONs Product Portfolio

On March 14, 2005, AIXTRON completed the transaction to acquire the business of Genus, Inc. in Sunnyvale, California, an established deposition system supplier to the silicon semiconductor and data storage industries. Through the acquisiton of Genus, Inc., AIXTRON has gained productionproven deposition technology for both of these industries and consequently has inherited commercial relationships with some of the world's leading silicon semiconductor and data storage companies.

Genus, Inc. broadens AIXTRON's technology capabilities to include a comprehensive range of leading-edge deposition technologies for the silicon industry: Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD), Atomic Vapor Deposition (AVD®), and Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD).

  • Through the StrataGem high-volume production tools, Genus, Inc. adds production-proven ALD technology, targeted both at traditional silicon applications for the production of DRAM capacitors and at data storage applications for the production of Thin Film Heads (TFH).
  • Genus, Inc.'s ALD technology complements AIXTRON's existing AVD® technology, providing the AIXTRON Group's diverse customer base with a broad portfolio of deposition technologies.
  • While the application of AVD® technology is focussed on very precise planar deposition processes (for example in transistor gate stacks), ALD offers distinct benefits in the deposition of challenging vertical device structures (for example in stack or trench DRAM structures).
  • Genus, Inc.'s LYNX series of metal CVD processing equipment is targeted at DRAM and Flash Integrated Circuits ("IC") applications, memory devices that are used, for example, in personal computers, digital cameras, and cellular telephones.
  • Genus, Inc.'s deposition technology also enables the production of key components for the data storage industry (e.g., hard disk thin film heads, or, "TFH") and other emerging industries (e.g., Micro Electro Mechanical Systems, or, "MEMS").

The complementary set of skills and technologies acquired from Genus, Inc. supports AIXTRON's strategy of diversifying its core expertise in vapor phase deposition technology into three three strategic materials: compound semiconductors, silicon semiconductors, and organic semiconductors.

4. Share Price and Investor Relations

Reflecting the difficult market conditions AIXTRON and the semiconductor equipment business as a whole faced throughout 2005, AIXTRON's year-end closing share price declined by 8.9% year over year. This compares to a 14.7% year-over-year increase of the TecDax and a 1.4% increase of the Nasdaq Composite Index, both indices of which contain a large number of high-technology companies.

2005 2004
AIXTRON Common Bearer Share
Year-end closing price (1)* 2.78 3.05
Year-end high (1)* 3.95 7.08
Year-end low (1)* 2.36 3.05
Daily trading volume**
- 1 888,900 1,573,300
- shares 301,019 329,241
Number of shares issued, year end 89,799,397 64,831,512
Market capitalization, year end (million 1) 249.6 197.7
Net result per share (1)*** (0.65) 0.12
AIXTRON ADS****
Year-end closing price (US\$)* 3.19 na
Year-end high (US\$)* 4.86 na
Year-end low (US\$)* 2.78 na
Daily trading volume*
- US\$ 193,600 na
- shares 57,460 na

* XETRA trading

** Average, XETRA trading

*** Based on weighted average number of shares outstanding

**** AIXTRON common bearer shares are traded on NASDAQ in the form of ADRs. Each AIXTRON ADR is equivalend to one AIXTRON common bearer share.

***** Average, NASDAQ trading

Upon completion of AIXTRON's acquisition of Genus, Inc., Sunnyvale, California, on March 15, 2005, AIXTRON American Depositary Shares (ADS) started trading on the NASDAQ in the United States, under the ticker symbol AIXG.

Effective September 30, 2005 the AIXTRON share was included in the eco-ethical nature stock index (NAI). Both the perceived environmental friendliness of the products manufactured on AIXTRON's equipment (especially LEDs) and an environmentally sound Company policy were important factors behind the inclusion of the AIXTRON share in the NAI. The NAI is composed of 25 ecologically-oriented international companies. Further information can be found on the Web at www.nai-index.de.

Subscribed capital: EUR 89,799,397
Shares/securities class: 89,799,397 ordinary (non-par-value) shares issued
Stock exchange listing: Deutsche Börse: Prime Standard/Regulated Market
NASDAQ: NASDAQ SmallCap Market
Index membership: TecDAX, NASDAQ Composite Index,
MSCI World Small Cap Index, Nature Stock Index (NAI)
ISIN: Ordinary shares: DE 000 506 6203
ADS: US 009 606 1041
Security codes: XETRA:
NASDAQ:
Reuters:
Bloomberg:
AIX
AIXG
AIXG.DE
AIX GY
Designated sponsors: Commerzbank AG, equinet AG
Trading platforms: Germany:
USA:
XETRA and floor Frankfurt, Berlin-Bremen,
Düsseldorf, Hamburg, München, Stuttgart
NASDAQ Small Cap Market

AIXTRON Share Basic Data

AIXTRON is committed to provide its stockholders with accurate, timely, and relevant information on strategic and financial aspects of its business. The Company provides up-to-date information about financial results, strategies, and product and market trends through investor roadshows and conferences in many of the world's important financial centers.

In 2005, the Company's Executive Board members spent 45 man-days on international analyst roadshows and conferences and hosted a large number of one-on-one meetings and conference calls with leading institutional and broker analysts. As of year end 2005, the Company was followed by a total of 26 financial analysts, with US investment banking and asset management firm Needham & Co. initiating coverage of AIXTRON in 2005.

In order to improve shareholder access to comprehensive financial information, the Company relaunched its investor relations website on November 21, 2005. Amongst other things, the new site at www.aixtron.com features an enhanced web layout and an improved navigation, real-time share price charts, audio replays of investor conference calls, access to AIXTRON's filings with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission, and an up-to-date overview of AIXTRON's product portfolio, including technologies obtained through the acquisition of Genus, Inc.

In the Company's opinion, the new investor relations website makes an important contribution to AIXTRON's overall transparency and improves the quality of the Company's overall communications. Reflecting this belief, the ranking of AIXTRON's website improved signficantly within the TecDax group of issuers, according to independent website consultants.

5. Results of Operations, Financial Position, and Net Assets

5.1. Results of Operations

The results of operations of the AIXTRON Group in 2005 include the results of operations of Genus, Inc. and its subsidiaries, which have been consolidated into AIXTRON's results of operations since March 14, 2005. The comparative values for 2004 do not include the results of Genus, Inc.

Key financial information regarding the AIXTRON Group's results of operations is summarized in the following table:

million 1 2005 2004
Sales revenues 139.4 140.0
Gross margin 34.7 52.4
Gross margin, % revenues 24.9% 37.4%
Operating result (52.7) 9.7
Operating result, % revenues (37.8%) 6.9%
Net result (53.5) 7.7
Net result, % Revenues (38.4%) 5.5%
Net result per share - basic (0.65) 0.12
Net result per share - diluted (0.65) 0.12
Order Intake 113.6 111.4
Order Backlog (December 31) 48.6 52.5

5.1.1. Development of Revenues

Silicon Business Contributes Significantly to AIXTRON Group Revenues

Despite the consolidation of Genus, Inc. into the AIXTRON Group, the Company's total revenues in 2005 declined year over year.

The revenue decline was largely due to weak demand for compound semiconductor equipment, whereas revenues from AIXTRON's silicon business interests rose significantly due to the consolidation of Genus, Inc. into the AIXTRON Group.

Equipment sales generated 81 percent of consolidated total revenues in 2005, compared to 83 percent in 2004. The remaining revenues were provided by spare parts sales and service.

2005 2004
Sales revenues 139.4 140.0
of which from sale of silicon semiconductor equipment 32.7 23% 1.5 1%
of which from sale of compound semiconductor equipment
and other equipment (OVPD®, SiC) 80.7 58% 115.1 82%

The Company's revenues in 2005 continued to be largely generated in Asia:

2005 2004 Change
million 3 % million 3 % million 3 %
Asia 103.0 74 108.1 77 (5.1) (5)
Europe 22.1 16 13.6 10 8.5 63
USA 14.3 10 18.3 13 (4.0) (22)
Group 139.4 100 140.0 100 (0.6) 0

Regional Revenue Split

5.1.2. Cost Structure

Cost Structure 2005 2004 Change
million 3 % of
Revenues
million 3 % of
Revenues
million 3 %
Cost of Sales 104.7 75 87.6 63 17.1 20
Operating Costs 87.4 63 42.7 31 44.7 105
Selling Expenses 27.8 20 18.3 13 9.5 52
General and Administrative
Expenses
18.0 13 13.2 9 4.8 36
Research and Development
Costs 30.5 22 20.4 15 10.1 50
Other Operating Income (5.6) (4) (9.9) (7) 4.3 (43)
Other Operating Expenses 2.9 2 0.7 1 2.2 314
Goodwill Impairment 13.8 10 0 0 13.8

5.1.2.1. Cost of Sales

Largely due to an increase in scheduled depreciation charges resulting from the Genus, Inc. acquisition, the Company's cost of sales in 2005 increased year over year.

1 7.5 million of the cost of sales were due to 2005 special effects described in section 3 (exceptional impairment charges on inventories and intangible assets, restructuring accruals).

Furthermore, cost of sales were negatively affected by a change in product and regional revenue mix. Accordingly, as compared to 2004, in 2005 the Company sold a higher proportion of lower-margin research and development systems. Moreover, against the backdrop of a continuing consolidation process in the LED manufacturing industry, AIXTRON's production capacities were not fully utilized.

5.1.2.2. Operating Costs

Focus on Resource Efficiency and Cost Reduction

The year-over-year increase in operating costs in 2005 resulted largely both from special effects totaling 1 22.2 million, and from the consolidation of Genus, Inc. into the AIXTRON Group totaling 116.6 million.

1 2.3 million of a total of 1 45.8 million in selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expenses in 2005 were attributable to special effects from exceptional impairment charges and restructuring accruals. 1 10.7 million of the year-over-year increase in selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expenses in 2005 were largely attributable to the consolidation of Genus, Inc. into the AIXTRON Group. Due to the acquisition of Genus, Inc. in 2005 both the variety of products and the number of sales channels have increased, leading to an increase in the complexity of AIXTRON's sales and administrative structure.

The AIXTRON Group's Research and Development (R&D) expenses in 2005 included special effects from exceptional depreciation charges totaling 1 6.2 million on assets for the development of emerging markets technologies, such as OVPD® and Tricent®, as well as on assets for the development of the established MOCVD technology. Further information on AIXTRON's R&D expenses can be found in section "Research and Development."

In the reporting period, the Company implemented a number of cost reduction measures, including the reduction of the number of employees (see also section "Human Capital and Social Comittment") and cost reduction measures in the following areas:

  • Purchasing (leverage of purchasing synergies with volume benefits through the acquisition of Genus, Inc.),
  • Manufacturing (manufacturing utilization efficiency through flexible work schedules and temporary plant shut-downs during periods of lower equipment utilization),
  • Research and Development (project rescheduling, delayed capital expenditure on R&D projects), and
  • Engineering (reduced costs through common generic engineering platform designs).

5.1.3. Development and Use of Results

Based on a decrease in total sales revenues and an increase in the cost of sales, AIXTRON's gross margin totaled 1 34.7 million 2005, as compared to 1 52.4 million in 2004.

While based on special effects both the cost of sales and operating costs increased substantially year over year, and total revenues decreased slightly year over year, consequently the AIXTRON Group incurred a net loss after tax of 1 53.5 million in 2005.

Based on a net accumulated loss of 1 0 million for 2005 (net of a transfer of 1 16.3 million from retained earnings) recorded by AIXTRON AG, the requirements for distributing a dividend were not met in 2005.

5.1.4. Development of Order Intake and Order Backlog

Order Intake for Silicon Semiconductor Equipment Partially Offsets Weaker Demand in Core Compound Semiconductor Equipment Business

The value of equipment orders received in 2005 rose year-over-year by 2%. Due to the acquisition of Genus, Inc. and the weak demand for compound semiconductor equipment, the share of silicon semiconductor equipment order intake in total equipment order intake rose significantly:

2005 2004
Order Intake 113.6 111.4
of which Silicon Semiconductor Equipment 37.1 33% 4.5 4%
of which Compound Semiconductor Equipment
and other equipment (OVPD®, SiC)
76.5 67% 106.9 96%
Order Backlog (December 31) 48.6 52.5
of which Silicon Semiconductor Equipment 11.7 24% 3.7 7%
of which Compound Semiconductor Equipment
and other equipment (OVPD®, SiC)
36.9 76% 48.8 93%

5.2. Financial Position

5.2.1. Principles and Goals of Corporate Financial Management

AIXTRON seeks to achieve profitable growth through long-term value-adding investments, but above all, through technical innovation. To achieve the highest returns on the capital invested, AIXTRON concentrates is resources on those business opportunities that show the greatest potential for success.

The Company's financial management follows a conservative and prudent approach. For instance, financial hedging instruments are not used for speculative purposes, but only for hedging currency exchange risks.

Furthermore, due to the potentially volatile high-tech nature of its business, AIXTRON believes that the business should be ideally financed primarily by equity and not by debt.

5.2.2. Funding

million 1 Dec. 31, 2005 Dec. 31, 2004
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
Subscribed capital 87.8 64.8
No. of shares: 87,796,614 (previous year: 64,831,512)
Additional paid-in capital 96.0 28.8
Retained earnings (9.3) 44.2
Accumulated other comprehensive income 9.1 (0.8)
Total Shareholders' Equity 183.6 137.0
Provisions for pensions 1.0 0.7
Other non-current liabilities 0.2 0.1
0.0
Other non-current accruals and provisions 3.1
Total non-current liabilities 4.3 0.8
Trade payables 17.5 13.9
Advanced payments from customers 11.8 13.5
Other current provisions and accruals 14.0 7.1
Other current liabilities 4.0 2.1
Current tax liabilities 1.4 0.1
Convertible bonds 0.0 0.0
Deferred revenues 0.7 1.8
Total current liabilities 49.4 38.5
Total Liabilities 53.7 39.3
Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity 237.3 176.3

In line with its conservative financial management principles, the Company recorded no bank borrowings as of December 31, 2005. The equity ratio as of December 31, 2005, after AIXTRON's acquisition of Genus, Inc., was 80 percent (78 percent as of December 31, 2004).

As of December 31, 2005, five banks, Deutsche Bank AG, Dresdner Bank AG, Commerzbank AG, HSBC Trinkaus & Burkhardt KGaA and Sparkasse Aachen, have provided advance customer payment guarantees to AIXTRON totaling 1 11.9 million (December 31, 2004: 1 8.7 million).

AIXTRON AG provides loans and other financial security to its subsidiaries where necessary to enable operations to continue efficiently. The Company has granted no security interest in its own land and buildings.

In order to support the development of future equipment technology, the Company continuously explores and assesses additional funding opportunities available in the market.

Corporate Actions

At a special meeting held on March 10, 2005, the shareholders of Genus, Inc. approved the transaction with the AIXTRON Group with a majority of approximately 61 percent of the shares entitled to vote at the meeting and 94 percent of the votes cast at the meeting.

On March 14, 2005, AIXTRON increased its share capital by issuing 24,967,885 new ordinary shares against all issued and outstanding Genus, Inc. common shares as contribution in kind. The number of issued AIXTRON shares increased from 64,831,512 as of December 31, 2004 to 89,799,397 as of March 31, 2005 (unchanged as of December 31, 2005).

In a stock-for-stock transaction, the shareholders of Genus, Inc. received 0.51 AIXTRON American Depositary Shares (ADSs) in exchange for each Genus, Inc. common share, with each AIXTRON ADS representing beneficial ownership of one AIXTRON bearer share.

Of the 24,967,885 new AIXTRON bearer shares 4,427,929 were used to serve the employee stock options program of Genus, Inc. and to cover both a convertible bond and warrants issued by Genus, Inc. At an issuing price of 3.72 1 per new share (AIXTRON closing share price on XETRA as of transaction close date of March 14, 2005) AIXTRON's shareholders' equity increased by 1 82.7 million.

On March 15, 2005, the AIXTRON Group's ADSs started trading on the NASDAQ in the United States under the ticker symbol AIXG.

At the AIXTRON AG ordinary stockholders' meeting on May 18, 2005, the Company's stockholders approved the creation of new Authorized Capitals 1 and 2.

Under Authorized Capital 1, the Executive Board, under certain conditions, has been authorized, with the approval of the Supervisory Board, to increase the share capital on one or several occasions in the period to May 17, 2010 by up to a total of 1 35,919,751 against cash and/or non-cash contributions by issuing a total of 35,919,751 new ordinary bearer shares. Amongst other things, the authorization is intended to enable the Executive Board to acquire a company or an equity interest in a company in return for shares if a suitable opportunity arises.

While the Company currently has no specific plans to acquire another business, the Executive Board believes, in order to support its strategy to leverage its core competence in complex materials deposition into new markets, it is important to be able to act quickly if and when appropriate opportunities arise.

Under Authorized Capital 2, the Executive Board, under certain conditions, has been authorized, with the approval of the Supervisory Board, to increase the share capital on one or several occasions in the period to May 17, 2010 by up to a total of 1 8,979,937 against cash contributions by issuing a total of 8,979,937 new ordinary bearer shares. Amongst other things, the authorization is intended to enable the Executive Board to quickly place new shares in the domestic and international capital markets in a targeted manner.

December 31, 2005
Issued shares 89,799,397
Authorized Capital 1 – Capital increase for cash or contribution
in kind with existing shareholders' preemptive rights
35,919,751
Authorized Capital 2 – Capital increase for cash excluding existing
shareholders' preemptive rights
8,979,937
Conditional Capital 1 – Convertible Bond 1997 44,160
Conditional Capital 2 – Stock Options Program 1999 2,924,328
Conditional Capital 3 – Authorization to potentially issue
convertible notes or warrants in future
25,931,452
Conditional Capital 4 – Stock Options Program 2002 3,511,495

2.0 million AIXTRON shares issued in connection with the acquisition of Genus, Inc. were put into trust to both serve the Genus, Inc. employee stock options program and to cover warrants issued by Genus, Inc. In accordance with IFRS, AIXTRON records these shares as own shares.

5.2.3. Investments

The AIXTRON Group's investments in 2005 totaled 1 15.7 million (2004: 1 6.4 million).

Such investments included capital expenditures totaling 1 8.3 million (2004: 1 3.8 million) for purchases of technical equipment built in-house (including testing and laboratory equipment), and Genus, Inc.-related capitalized acquisition expenses totaling 1 3.6 million.

5.2.4. Liquidity

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows (IFRS)* – condensed
million 1 2005 2004
Cash inflow/outflow from operating activities
Net loss/income for the year (after taxes) (53.5) 7.7
Reconciliaiton between profit and cash inflow/outflow
from operating activities
Accrued expense for stock options 1.8 1.0
Impairment expense 26.6 0.0
Depreciation and amortization expense 10.4 6.0
Change in net working capital 2.5 (9.9)
Other line items 0.0 2.0
Cash inflow/outflow from operating activities (12.2) 6.8
Cash inflow/outflow from investing activities
Cash from acquisition of Genus, Inc. 9.0 0.0
Cost related to the Genus acquisition (3.6) 0.0
Capital expenditures in property, plant and equipment
as well as in intangible assets (8.3) (4.4)
Ohter line items (0.1) (2.0)
Cash inflow/outflow from investing activities (3.0) (6.4)
Cash inflow/outflow from financing activities
Change in minority interests 0.0 (0.1)
Cash inflow/outflow from financing activities 0.0 (0.1)
Effect of changes in exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents 1.1 (0.2)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents (14.1) 0.2
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period 45.5 45.3
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period 31.4 45.5

Investments and Operating Loss Reduce Cash Balance

Due to cash outflows from business investments and operating activities, cash and cash equivalents decreased from 1 45.5 million as of December 31, 2004 to 1 31.4 million as of December 31, 2005.

Due to the challenging market conditions in 2005, AIXTRON used 1 12.2 million in cash for operating activities.

Net cash used in investing activities included purchases of fixed assets (1 8.3 million) as well as capitalized acquisition payments (1 3.6 million), less cash acquired from Genus, Inc. (1 9.0 million).

million 1 Dec. 31, 2005 Dec. 31, 2004
Assets
Property, plant and equipment 42.2 37.1
Goodwill 71.0 13.6
Other intangible assets 19.8 4.3
Investment property 4.9 4.9
Other non-current assets 0.5 5.8
Deferred tax assets 6.3 5.8
Total non-current assets 144.7 71.5
Inventories 33.1 37.3
Trade receivables 24.2 16.0
less allowance of k 1
445 (last year: k1
355)
Current tax assets 0.0 0.1
Other current assets 3.9 5.9
Cash and cash equivalents 31.4 45.5
Total current assets 92.6 104.8
Total Assets 237.3 176.3

5.3. Net Assets

Due mainly to an increase in the value of goodwill, other intangible assets, and trade receivables, total assets as of December 31, 2005 rose in comparison to year end 2004.

5.3.1. Goodwill

Due to the acquisition of Genus, Inc., effective March 14, 2005, the year-end value of goodwill connected to the Genus, Inc. acquisition rose year-over-year:

million 1 2005 2004
Genus, Inc. 57.0 0
Thomas Swan Scientific Equipment Ltd. 12.0 11.6
Epigress AB 1.8 1.8
AIXTRON KK 0.2 0.2
71.0 13.6

Based on revised future discounted net cash flows from Genus, Inc.'s projected business activities, the Company incurred additional impairment charges for goodwill totaling 1 13.7 million.

Further details on the goodwill recorded can be found in sections 4 ("Acquisition of Subsidiaries") and 13 ("Intangible Assets") in the notes to the consolidated financial statements.

5.3.2. Other Intangible Assets

Largely due to the acquisition of Genus, Inc., the year-end 2005 value of other intangible assets rose by 1 15.5 million year over year.

Further details on the other intangible assetsl recorded can be found in section 13 ("Intangible Assets") in the notes to the consolidated financial statements.

5.3.3. Trade Receivables

The increase in trade receivables as of December 31, 2005 compared to December 31, 2004 was largely due to the consolidation of Genus, Inc. into the AIXTRON Group.

The increase in trade receivables is an indication of the greater proportion of silicon-related business in AIXTRON's total business, and, in comparison to the compound semiconductor equipment industry, the generally less favorable payment timing conditions.

5.3.4. Human Resources and Social Commitment

The majority of AIXTRON's worldwide employees as of December 31, 2005 was based in Europe. Due to the acquisition of Genus, Inc. the proportion of US employees increased significantly year over year.

Employees by Region

as of December 31

2005 2004 Change
Asia 70 12% 34 8% 36 106%
Europe 381 67% 381 86% 0 0%
USA 119 21% 28 6% 91 325%
Group 570 100% 443 100% 127 29%

As in 2004, the largest number of employees in 2005 worked in Research and Development.

as of December 31
2005 2004 Change
Sales and Service 171 30% 112 25% 59 53%
Research and Development 187 33% 161 36% 26 16%
Manufacturing 130 23% 111 25% 19 17%
Administration 82 14% 59 14% 23 39%
Group 570 100% 443 100% 127 29%

Employees by Function

In the reporting period, the Company implemented a number of cost reduction measures, including terminations of employee labor contracts in the United States and closures on existing fixed-term employee labor contracts in Germany. In addition, the Company implemented a general hiring freeze at all Company locations worldwide. As a result of these changes, the global headcount, which had increased from 443 as of December 31, 2004 to 624 as of March 31, 2005 following the acquisition of Genus, Inc., decreased by 54 employees, or 9 percent, compared to the end of the first quarter of 2005, to 570 employees, as of December 31, 2005.

As of December 31, 2005, AIXTRON's employees and Executive Board members held 3,228,865 (end of 2004: 3,532,785) stock options representing the right to receive 3,932,501 (end of 2004: 4,254,331) AIXTRON AG common shares. As of December 31, 2005, the employees of Genus, Inc. held 2,676,620 Genus, Inc. stock options representing the right to receive 1,365,076 American Depositary Shares (ADSs) of AIXTRON AG.

As part of the Genus, Inc. transaction, a trust for the employee stock options of the Genus, Inc. employees was set up, into which appropriate numbers of AIXTRON ADSs were deposited after the capital increase on March 14, 2005.

Highly Qualified Employees at the Core of AIXTRON's Success

AIXTRON's employees are recruited on the basis of professional and personal qualifications. Each employee's opportunities for participation and promotion are based on personal success as well as individual qualifications and abilities.

The Company's training center offers a number of training classes, ranging from new hire induction classes to continuous education, with topics ranging from quality assurance to environmental and workplace safety management, leadership, and labor law issues. Additionally, AIXTRON supports several students in the writing of their diploma and doctoral theses on topics of relevance to AIXTRON.

Social Commitment

Reflecting AIXTRON's social commitment and its close links to its local communities, the Company outsources work to charitable organizations such as "Caritas" or to workshops for the disabled, wherever feasible. AIXTRON also promotes scientific research and discussions by sponsoring specialist conferences and commissioning research projects with universities.

The Company organizes and sponsors the annual "AIXRUN", a local public running event, which in November of 2005 attracted approximately 500 runners of all ages, from throughout the region around Aachen, Germany.

5.4. Management Assessment of Company Situation

In the view of AIXTRON's Executive Board, an element of the principal strategic goal of expanding AIXTRON's deposition technology portfolio has been met through the acquisition of Genus, Inc. in 2005.

Reconfirming AIXTRON's strategy to diversify its gas phase deposition technology into a multitude of new materials, the revenue decline in AIXTRON's core compound business was partially offset by additional revenues generated by Genus, Inc.

The Executive Board believes that, beyond the balance sheet adjustments performed, in particular, additional costs incurred through the acquisition of Genus, Inc. and increased R&D spending have led to the majority of margin deterioration and a net loss in 2005.

The Executive Board remains confident that it is addressing these challenges by implementing cost reduction measures that are expected to realign revenues and costs in the near future.

In sum, the Executive Board views 2005 as a year of transition in the strategic repositioning of the Company which should, in the medium- to long-term, lead to growth and sustainable profitability.

6. Report on Post-Balance Sheet Date Events

There were no business events with a potentially significant effect on AIXTRON's results of operation, financial position, and net assets after the close of fiscal year 2005.

7. Risk Report

7.1. Risk Management

As an international technology company, AIXTRON is engaged in business operations worldwide and is, consequently, exposed to a variety of risks. The Company may benefit from the opportunities related to the risks it is exposed to. To exploit these opportunities and to minimize risks, AIXTRON has established a flexible risk management system that is adapted to the evolving business environment and business processes.

A large number of systems and procedures for monitoring, analyzing, and documenting business risks and opportunities are deployed at several levels of the organization. Accurate and timely reporting is the core component of AIXTRON's risk and opportunity management. Risk managers, responsible for implementing risk reporting, have been appointed in different areas of the Company and at all subsidiaries. To minimize risks and to capitalize on opportunities, AIXTRON pursues a forwardlooking product strategy, while, at the same time, observing future market trends and customer requirements, and continously strives to develop certain unique selling points related to its technology.

This strategy incorporates measures for honing the Company's profile in its target market, for building new partnerships and alliances, and for training third parties engaged to market, sell, and deploy AIXTRON products. In fiscal year 2005, the Company continued to monitor market trends and the activities of its competitors and evaluated market analyses and forecasts produced by leading market research companies. Project management and quality assurance systems are routinely deployed in all areas of product development where risk awareness and evaluation play a crucial role.

These measures are accompanied by a training and development program for managers and specialist employees, and by procedures to maintain and expand the necessary infrastructure when required.

AIXTRON deploys accounting, control, and forecasting software for the global monitoring and management of core enterprise information. Daily, weekly, monthly, and quarterly reporting processes ensure that information on business and market trends is regularly updated. In addition to annual budget planning, real-time forecasts are used to continuously review and update the Company's plans. As part of the Company's financial control procedures, variances between actual and budget figures are continuously identified and analyzed, and they serve as the basis for developing corrective measures.

Furthermore, the Executive Board analyzes the Company's net assets, financial position, and results of operations on a continuous basis. The frequent exchange of knowledge and experiences at all hierarchy levels worldwide ensures the constant and efficient flow of information as well as rapid decision-making. The Executive Board informs the Supervisory Board about all key decisions at least once every quarter, and normally at shorter intervals. The Audit Committee of the Supervisory Board meets regularly with the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer to discuss, analyze, and monitor financial issues arising in the course of the Company's business activities. Internal guidelines governing risk management, insider trading, and the disclosure of share price-sensitive information ensure compliance with all applicable laws and the implementation of the corporate governance recommendations specified in the German Corporate Governance Code.

The Company's Supervisory Board is informed about the status, plausibility, and further development of the risk management system by the Executive Board on an ongoing basis. In addition, the Company's auditors inform the Supervisory Board about the audit of the risk management early warning system.

In summary, AIXTRON continues to comply with its obligations under section 91(2) of the German Stock Corporation Act (Aktiengesetz).

7.2. Single Risk Factors

Acquisition of Genus, Inc.

AIXTRON acquired Genus, Inc., in March 2005. American Depository Shares (ADS) were issued to former shareholders of Genus, Inc.; new AIXTRON shares underlying the ADS were created by a share capital increase.

AIXTRON's management believes that the acquisition of Genus, Inc. provides the Company with significant business opportunities, but also exposes it to significant risks. Such risks arise primarily from the integration of Genus, Inc. into the AIXTRON Group of companies and the development of the customer applications it serves.

The risks associated with the integration of Genus, Inc. particularly arise from potentially not being able to develop joint technologies, from potentially insufficient human resources, and, as is generally the case in a technology company such as AIXTRON, from a high dependency on key employees.

In the event that AIXTRON is not taking the appropriate actions to integrate Genus, Inc. into the AIXTRON Group, the AIXTRON Group's net assets, financial position, and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Genus, Inc. generates a substantial portion of its revenues from a very limited number of customers. The unexpected loss of any of such customers or the unexpected delay in orders received from such customers could adversely affect the results of operations of the AIXTRON Group.

Currency Exchange Risk

AIXTRON conducts a large part of its business in foreign currencies, i.e., in currencies other than the 1. The foreign currency most relevant to AIXTRON is the US\$. Unfavorable exchange rate movements, especially the US\$/1 exchange rate, could adversely affect the Company's results of operation. In order to hedge foreign exchange risks, the Company routinely employs currency hedging instruments in the form of forward currency exchange contracts.

Company-Specific Risk, Market, and Competition Risk

The semiconductor manufacturing equipment market is affected by semiconductor industry cycles. In the past, the semiconductor industry and its suppliers have experienced considerable fluctuations in supply and demand for semiconductors. The timing, length, and severity of these cyclical fluctuations are difficult to predict. If demand for semiconductor manufacturing equipment declines, AIXTRON must be able to quickly align its cost structures with the changed market conditions, promptly reduce its inventory levels to the extent necessary to avoid the need for inventory writedowns, and at the same time attempt to retain key employees. If demand for semiconductors rises, AIXTRON must be able to develop sufficient manufacturing capacity and inventory in the short term, and to hire a sufficient number of qualified employees.

AIXTRON invests heavily into research and development ("R&D"). If the R&D projects identified by the Company as promising R&D are not successful in the market, then this could have a significantly adverse impact on the Company's net assets, financial position, and results of operations.

Furthermore, AIXTRON's future success depends highly on its ability to translate the knowledge gained from R&D quickly and in-line with the technological and commercial market needs into production processes; to develop such knowledge into full process capability; and to turn such knowledge into industrial products with the required performance, reliability, and quality.

The potentional risk from bad debt losses is significantly reduced by letters of credit. Further information on this subject are contained in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for 2005.

Because in the past there has been substantial litigation regarding patents and other intellectual property rights infringements, both in the compound semiconductor industry and the semiconductor industry as well the data storage industry, AIXTRON cannot exclude the possibility of itself infringing upon intellectual property rights or third parties or of itself being held liable for supposedly infringing upon third party intellectual property rights. The costs associated with such litigation could be substantial.

AIXTRON's business has been heavily impacted by weak capital spending in the semiconductor industry. These conditions may continue to adversely affect AIXTRON's ability to generate sufficient sales revenues and may significantly harm operating results and cash flows in the future. If AIXTRON cannot quickly enough realign its business structure to such adverse conditions, the need for additional external funding may arise.

Although the Executive Board is confident that the current level of cash and cash equivalents is sufficient for financing the Company's ongoing operations and future business development, it may be necessary for AIXTRON to seek new funds if cash outflows persist. If it is not possible to acquire sufficient funding, AIXTRON could be forced to delay or reduce operations.

At the present time, the Executive Management believes that risks that could jeopardize the Company's continued existence are unlikely to occur.

8. Report on Expected Developments

8.1. Future Strategic Positioning

The development of deposition technology for highly complex materials is expected to remain AIXTRON's core competency and competitive advantage, upon which the Company plans to further establish its expanded product portfolio in the period of 2006-2007.

Systems for Compound Semiconductor Manufacturing

AIXTRON expects to maintain its market leadership and strong competitive positioning in the market for MOCVD systems over the coming years, and is aiming to continue to retain a market share of at least 60 percent of an estimated total MOCVD market of US\$ 166 million by the end of 2007. However, the relatively small market size and the high market concentration on just two internationally operating MOCVD system providers may be detrimental to further expansion objectives of AIXTRON's market leadership.

Systems for Silicon Semiconductor Manufacturing

AIXTRON expects that the principal market driver for silicon semiconductor applications will be the demand for new complex material solutions, such as high-k dielectrics, that could potentially replace materials currently used in silicon semiconductor applications.

On the basis of the combined AIXTRON and Genus, Inc. strengths in silicon semiconductor equipment technologies, the Company expects to achieve a combined share of at least 30 percent in the silicon systems market niches it addresses (tungsten silicide CVD, ALD and AVD® systems for the production of specialized applications such as gate stacks and capacitors). The total market size of these applications is estimated to be US\$ 260 million by the end of 2007.

Systems for Organic Semiconductor Manufacturing

Based on acceptance of the first AIXTRON Gen2-OVPD®-system for the mass production of OLEDs by RiTdisplay Corporation in 2005, the Company plans to drive forward its strategy to introduce its OVPD® technology to a broader OLED display and lighting market, with the goal to achieve revenue contributions in 2007. Accordingly, AIXTRON expects to achieve a share of at least 3% in the small molecule (SM) OLEDs deposition equipment market, valued at US\$ 220 million by the end of 2007, and a double-digit market share percentage by 2008 (total market size in 2008 estimated to be US\$ 265 million). As with all emerging technologies, there is an element of risk associated with the timing of AIXTRON's OVPD® technology being adopted by the market.

8.2. Future Economic Environment and Opportunities

With the 2006 gross domestic product (GDP) in most of the developed economies expected to increase year over year, leading market research companies believe both revenues generated in the semiconductor industry and spending on Wafer Front End (WFE) equipment will rise in 2006.

However, due the ongoing corporate consolidation activity in the LED manufacturing industry, AIXTRON believes that capital expenditures for compound semiconductor equipment could remain at relatively low levels throughout the first half of 2006.

AIXTRON also believes that the exact timing of next-generation manufacturing technologies and materials being introduced into the silicon semiconductor industry could remain difficult to predict. While major semiconductor manufacturers are eager to fully capitalize on capital investments made on prior-generation technologies, they appear to be reluctant to significantly invest in new sub-70 nm technologies in the near term, unless competitively compelled to do so.

Despite the challenging market conditions anticipated for 2006, AIXTRON believes the following longer-term trends in its end-user markets could positively influence AIXTRON's future business:

  • An early-generation capacity build-up for blue laser products and LED backlighting in next-generation liquid crystal displays (LCDs);
  • Indications of increased global adoption of LEDs in automotive applications;
  • Increased research and development activities for silicon carbide (SiC) applications, driven by basic research and emerging hybrid automotive applications;
  • Increased activity in the development of new complex compound material applications as substitution materials in the silicon semiconductor industry; and
  • An ongoing transition from mass production passive matrix OLEDs to active matrix OLEDs.

8.3. Expected Results of Operations and Financial Position

In the currently challenging environment, the Company believes it will improve on both the level of total revenues generated and on the net result achieved in 2006.

Due to the large portion of orders denominated in US\$, the Company realizes that any weakening of the US\$/1 exchange rate could adversely affect the level of revenues and net result generated.

In 2006, the Company plans to invest largely in IT infrastructure upgrades as well as in laboratory equipment. AIXTRON does not currently plan financial investments, acquisitions, or divestitures in 2006. The number of global employees is expected to remain at approximately the level of year-end 2005.

The Company believes the current levels of cash and cash equivalents will be sufficient to fund its planned operating activities as well as replacement investments.

Aachen, March 2006

AIXTRON Aktiengesellschaft, Aachen

Executive Board

Consolidated Financial Statements

Consolidated Income Statement 76
Consolidated Balance Sheet 77
Consolidated Cash flow Statement 78
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 79
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 80
1. General principles 80
2. Significant accounting policies 81
3. Segment reporting 93
4. Acquisition of subsidiaries 95
5. Research and development 98
6. Other operating income 99
7. Other operating expenses 99
8. Personnel expenses 100
9. Net financing costs 100
10. Income tax expense/income 101
11. Current tax assets and liabilities 102
12. Property, plant and equipment 103
13. Intangible assets 105
14. Investment property 108
15. Other non-current assets 108
16. Deferred tax assets and liabilities 109
17. Inventories 111
18. Trade receivables and other current receivables 112
19. Cash and cash equivalents 112
20. Equity 113
21. Earnings per share 116
22. Employee benefits 117
23. Share-based payments 118
24. Provisions 123
25. Trade payables and other non-current liabilities 124
26. Convertible bonds and options 124
27. Financial instruments 126
28. Operating leases 129
29. Capital commitments 130
30. Contingencies 130
31. Related parties 131
32. Company entities 132
33. Events after the balance sheet date 132
34. Fee for auditor 133
35. Manpower 133
36. Additional information about the cash flow statement 134
37. Report on declaration relating to German Corporate Governance Code
in accordance with Section 161 AktG 135
38. Explanation of transition to IFRS 135
39. Supervisory and Executive Boards 141
Consolidated Income Statement
------------------------------- -- -- --
in EUR thousands Note 2005 2004
Revenues 139,402 140,004
Cost of sales 104,676 87,604
Gross profit 34,726 52,400
Selling expenses 27,766 18,297
General administration expenses 18,004 13,240
Research and development costs 5 30,514 20,407
Other operating income 6 5,565 9,939
Other operating expenses 7 2,900 721
Impairment of goodwill 13,782 0
Operating result (52,675) 9,674
Interest income 693 786
Interest expense 233 2
Net interest 9 460 784
Result before taxes (52,215) 10,458
Taxes on income
Net loss/income for the year (after taxes)
10 1,253
(53,468)
2,829
7,629
loss attributable to miniority interests (after taxes) 0 (52)
loss/profit attributable to the shareholders of
the parent company (after taxes) (53,468) 7,681
Basic earnings per share (EUR) 21 (0.65) 0.12
Diluted earnings per share (EUR) 21 (0.65) 0.12

Consolidated Balance Sheet

in EUR thousands Note Dec. 31, 2005 Dec. 31, 2004
Assets
Property, plant and equipment 12 42,179 37,070
Goodwill 13 71,002 13,633
Other intangible assets 13 19,766 4,295
Investment property 14 4,908 4,908
Other non-current assets 15 499 5,820
Deferred tax assets 16 6,331 5,822
Total non-current assets 144,685 71,548
Inventories 17 33,113 37,276
Trade receivables 18 24,209 16,008
less allowance kEUR 445 (last year: kEUR 355)
Current tax assets 11 0 63
Other current assets 18 3,875 5,942
Cash and cash equivalents 19 31,435 45,498
Total current assets 92,632 104,787
Total assets 237,317 176,335
Number of shares: 87.796.614 (last year: 64.831.512)
Additional paid-in capital
Retained earnings
Accumulated other comprehensive income
Total shareholders' equity
20 95,951
(9,264)
9,115
183,599
28,803
44,204
(872)
136,967
Provisions for pensions 22 978 703
Other non-current liabilities 176 104
Other non-current accruals and provisions 24 3,122 0
Total non-current liabilities 4,276 807
Trade payables 25 17,479 13,901
Advance payments from customers 11,845 13,529
Other current accruals and provisions 24 14,032 7,063
Other current liabilities 25 3,949 2,137
Current tax liabilities 11 1,404 83
Convertible bonds 26 3 3
Deferred revenues 730 1,845
Total current liabilities 49,442 38,561
Total liabilities 53,718 39,368
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity 237,317 176,335

Consolidated Cash Flow Statement

in EUR thousands Note 2005 2004
Cash inflow/outflow from operating activities
Net loss/income for the year (after taxes) (53,468) 7,681
Reconciliation between profit and cash inflow/outflow
from operating activities
Expense from share-based payments 1,801 1,041
Impairment expense 26,630 0
Depreciation and amortization expense 10,406 5,986
Gain from disposal of property, plant and equipment 484 370
Deferred income taxes (509) 1,700
Cash inflow/outflow prior to changes in assets and liabilities (14,656) 16,778
Change in
Inventories 8,738 (4,265)
Trade receivables (5,316) (6,513)
Other assets 328 (4,624)
Trade payables (560) 2,157
Provisions and other liabilities 1,138 4,130
Deferred revenues (1,280) (1,243)
Non-current liabilities 1,091 (20)
Advance payments from customers (1,684) 432
Cash inflow/outflow from operating activities (12,201) 6,832
Cash inflow/outflow from investing activities
Cash from acquisition of Genus, Inc. 9,049 0
Cost related to the Genus acquisition (3,628) 0
Capital expenditures in property, plant and equipment (8,323) (3,763)
Capital expenditures in intangible assets (64) (618)
Acquisition of minority interests 0 (2,011)
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant and equipment 0 3
Cash inflow/outflow from investing activities (2,966) (6,389)
Cash inflow/outflow from financing activities
Change in minority interests 0 (52)
Cash inflow/outflow from financing activities 0 (52)
Effect of changes of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents 1,104 (196)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents (14,063) 195
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period 45,498 45,303
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period 19 31,435 45,498
Cash paid for Interest (38) (2)
Cash received for interest 691 806
Cash paid for income taxes (506) (240)
Cash received from Income taxes 23 934

Additional information about the consolidated capital flow statement is provided in note 36 of the notes to the consolidated financial statements.

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity

Other
comprehensive income
Subscribed Treasury
capital
under HGB
shares Subscribed
capital
under IFRS
Additional Currency
paid-in-
capital
translation Derivative
financial
instruments
Retained
Earnings
Minority
interests
Share
holders'
Equity
in EUR thousands Total
Balance at
January 1, 2004
64,832 64,832 27,762 (2,244) 1,469 36,524 159 128,502
Net income for the period 7,680 (52) 7.628
Accrued expense for
stock options
1,041 1,041
Currency translation 48 48
Acquisition minority
interests
(107) ( 107)
Derivative financial
instruments
(145) (145)
Balance at
December 31, 2004
64,832 64,832 28,803 (2,196) 1,324 44,204 0 136,967
Balance at
January 1, 2005
64,832 64,832 28,803 (2,196) 1,324 44,204 0 136,967
Net loss for the period (53,468) (53,468)
Capital increase against
contribution in kind
24,968 (4,428) 20,540 62,161 82,701
Accrued expense for
stock options
1,801 1,801
Exercise
- convertible bonds 2,384 2,384 3,142 5,526
- stock options 41 41 44 85
Currency translation 11,616 11,616
Derivative financal
instruments
(1,629) (1,629)
Balance at
December 31, 2005
89,800 (2,003) 87,797 95,951 9,420 (305) (9,264) 0 183,599

See note 20 for additional disclosures.

1. General principles

AIXTRON AG ("AIXTRON AG") is incorporated as a stock corporation ("Aktiengesellschaft") under the laws of the Federal Republic of Germany. The Company is domiciled in Aachen, Kackertstraße 15-17, 52072 Aachen. AIXTRON AG is registered in the commercial register of the District Court ("Amtsgericht") of Aachen under HRB 7002.

The consolidated financial statements of AIXTRON AG and its subsidiaries ("AIXTRON" or "Company") have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and its interpretations adopted by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). These are the Company's first consolidated financial statements under IFRS and IFRS 1 has been applied.

An explanation of how the transition from US GAAP to IFRS has impacted the reported financial position, financial performance and cash flows of the Company is provided in note 38.

AIXTRON is a leading provider of deposition equipment to the semiconductor and compoundsemiconductor industry. The Company's technology solutions are used by a diverse range of customers worldwide to build advanced components for electronic and opto-electronic applications based on compound, silicon, or organic semiconductor materials. Such components are used in fiber optic communication systems, wireless and mobile telephony applications, optical and electronic storage devices, computing, signaling and lighting, displays, as well as a range of other leading-edge technologies.

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared by the Executive Board and will be submitted to the Supervisory Board for its meeting held on March 9, 2006.

2. Significant accounting policies

(a) Companies included in consolidation

Companies included in consolidation are the parent company, AIXTRON AG, and 14 companies, in which AIXTRON AG has a 100% direct or indirect shareholding or which can be allocated to AIXTRON AG for economic purposes. The balance sheet date of all consolidated companies is December 31. A list of all consolidated companies is shown in note 32.

(b) Basis of accounting

The consolidated financial statements are presented in Euro (EUR). The amounts are rounded to the nearest (kEUR). Some items in the balance sheet and income statement have been combined under one heading to improve the clarity of presentation. Such items are disclosed and commented on individually in the notes.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities on the balance sheet date and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the reported period. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if this revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods.

In the calculation of provisions the Company made assumptions and estimates in respect of the amount of the related transactions as well as in respect of the probability that such transactions might occur. For the calculation of the fair values of intangible assets. AIXTRON assumed future revenues and cash flows to determine the respective assets. These assumptions are based on experiences of the management and on external sources, such as market studies. As to the calculation of provisions for warranties, the Company also uses estimated values derived from previous experience.

The accounting policies set out below have been applied consistently to all periods presented in these consolidated financial statements and in preparing an IFRS opening balance sheet at January 1, 2004 for the purpose of the transition to IFRS.

The accounting policies have been applied consistently by the Company entities.

(c) Bases of consolidation

(i) Subsidiaries

Entities on which AIXTRON AG has a controlling influence are treated as subsidiaries (see note 32). Controlling influence exists when the Company has the power, directly or indirectly, to govern the financial and operating policies of an entity so as to obtain benefits from its activities. The financial statements of subsidiaries are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date that controlling influence commences.

(ii) Transactions eliminated on consolidation

All intercompany profits, transactions and balances have been eliminated in the consolidation.

(d) Foreign currency

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in Euro (EUR). In the translation of financial statements of subsidiaries outside the Euro Zone the local currencies are used as functional currencies of these subsidiaries. Assets and liabilities of these subsidiaries are translated to EUR at the exchange rate ruling at balance sheet date. Revenues and expenses are translated to EUR at average exchange rates for the year/at average exchange rates for the period between the inclusion in the consolidated financial statements and the balance sheet date. Net equity is translated at historical rates. The differences arising on translation are disclosed in other comprehensive income.

Exchange gains and losses resulting from fluctuations in exchange rates in the case of foreign currency transactions are recognised in the income statement in "other operating income" or "other operating expenses".

(e) Derivative financial instruments

AIXTRON uses derivative financial instruments in the form of forward exchange contracts and options to hedge fluctuations in exchange rates in respect of cash flows from planned and agreed sales transactions denominated in foreign currencies.

Hedge accounting as defined in IAS 39 is not applied to all derivative financial instruments concluded to hedge sales transactions. In accordance with the Company's treasury policy, it does not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for trading purposes.

Derivative financial instruments are recognised initially at cost. Subsequent to initial recognition, derivative financial instruments are stated at fair value at the balance sheet date (market assessment). The fair value of forward exchange contracts is their quoted market price at the balance sheet date, being the present value of the quoted forward price.

Gains and losses resulting from the market assessments for forward exchange contracts and options at the balance sheet date and to which no hedge accounting is applied, are recognised in the income statement. However, where derivatives qualify for hedge accounting, recognition of any resultant gain or loss depends on the nature of the item being hedged.

(i) Cash flow hedges

If hedge accounting, as defined in IAS 39, is applied to a derivative financial instrument to hedge the variability in cash flows from planned transactions, the gain and loss arising on the market assessment is recognised in equity (other comprehensive income). This gain/loss is recognised in equity until the underlying transaction affects the income statement. Where a cash flow hedge does not meet the criteria of hedge accounting, the ineffective part will be recognised immediately in the income statement.

(ii) Fair value hedges

Foreign currency forward contracts concluded to hedge firmly committed sales transactions denominated in foreign currencies do not meet all the criteria of IAS 39 in order to apply for hedge accounting. Consequently, all gains and losses arising from these forward exchange contracts are recognised directly in the income statement.

(f) Property, plant and equipment

(i) Acquisition or manufacturing cost

Items of property, plant and equipment are stated at cost, plus additional charges, less accumulated depreciation (see below) and impairment losses (see accounting policy (l)).

Costs of internally generated assets include not only costs of material and personnel, but also the share of overhead costs.

Where parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, they are accounted for as separate items of property, plant and equipment.

Third party interest is expensed as incurred.

(ii) Subsequent costs

The Company recognises in the carrying amount of an item of property, plant and equipment the cost of replacing components or extension of such an item when that cost is incurred if it is probable that the future economic benefits embodied in the item will flow to the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. All other costs such as repairs and maintenance are expensed in the income statement as incurred.

(iii) Government grants

Government grants related to the acquisition or manufacture of owned assets are deducted from original cost at date of capitalisation.

(iv) Depreciation

Depreciation is charged on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of each part of an item of property, plant and equipment. The estimated useful lives are as follows:

■ Buildings 25 years
■ Machinery and equipment 3-10 years
■ Other plant, factory and office equipment 3-8 years

(g) Intangible assets

(i) Goodwill

All business combinations are accounted for by applying the purchase method. In respect of business acquisitions that have occurred since January 1, 2004, goodwill represents the difference between the cost of the acquisition and the fair value of the net identifiable assets acquired. In respect to acquisitions prior to this date, goodwill is included on the basis of its deemed cost, representing the amount recorded under previous GAAP which was US GAAP. The classification and accounting treatment of business combinations that occurred prior to January 1, 2004 has not been reconsidered in preparing the Company's opening IFRS balance sheet at January 1, 2004 (see note 38).

Goodwill is stated at cost less any accumulated impairment loss. Goodwill is allocated to cash-generating units and is tested annually for impairment (see accounting policy (l)).

(ii) Research and development

Expenditure on research activities, undertaken with the prospect of gaining new scientific or technical knowledge and understanding, is recognised in the income statement as an expense as incurred.

Expenditure on development comprises costs incurred with the purpose of using theoretical knowledge technically and commercially. As not all criteria of IAS 38 are met or are only met at a very late point within the development process, AIXTRON did not capitalise such costs for reasons of materiality.

(iii) Other intangible assets

Other intangible assets that are acquired by the Company are stated at cost less accumulated amortisation (see below) and impairment losses (see accounting policy (I)).

In connection with the acquisition of Genus, Inc. Sunnyvale, California ("Genus") intangible assets were, as part of the allocation of the purchase price, stated at their fair value at the date of purchase (see note 4).

Expenditure on internally generated goodwill, trademarks and patents is expensed in the income statement as incurred.

(iv) Subsequent expenditure

Subsequent expenditure on capitalised intangible assets is capitalised only when it increases the future economic benefits embodied in the specific asset to which it relates. All other expenditure is expensed as incurred.

(v) Amortisation

Amortisation is charged on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of intangible assets, except for goodwill. Such intangible assets are annually tested in respect of their actual values. Other intangible assets are amortised from the date they are available for use. The estimated useful lives are as follows:

■ Software 2–3 years
■ Patents and similar rights 5-18 years

(h) Investment property

Investment properties are stated at cost.

(i) Trade receivables and other receivables

Trade receivables and other receivables are stated at their fair value. Allowance for potential risks from bad debt losses in individual cases is estimated based on previous experience.

(j) Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated cost of completion and selling expenses.

The cost includes expenditures incurred in acquiring the inventories and bringing them to their existing location and condition. In the case of work in progress and finished goods, cost includes direct material and production labour cost, as well as an appropriate share of overheads based on normal operating capacity.

Allowance for slow moving, excess and obsolete, and otherwise unsaleable inventory is recorded based primarily on either the Company's estimated forecast of product demand and production requirement for the next twelve months or historical trailing twelve month usage. When there has been no usage of an inventory item during a period of twelve months, the Company writes down such inventories based on previous experience. This policy is designed to reflect the rapid technology and market changes affecting the Company's business which may make such inventories on hand obsolete or excess.

(k) Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash on hand, current deposits with credit institutions and short-term notes with a remaining maturity of three months or less at the date of acquisition.

(l) Impairment for property, plant and equipment and intangible assets

Goodwill purchased as part of a business acquisition is tested annually for impairment, irrespective of whether there is any indication of impairment. For impairment test purposes, the goodwill is allocated to cash-generating units. Impairment losses are recognised to the extent that the carrying amount exceeds the net realisable value or the value in use (recoverable amount) of the cash-generating unit.

Property, plant and equipment as well as other intangible assets are tested for impairment, when any indication exist that might require impairment. Impairment losses on such assets will be recognized, to the extent that the carrying amount exceeds the net realisable value that would be obtainable from a sale in an arm's length transaction, or the value in use.

In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments and the risks associated with the asset.

After depreciation impairment losses are reversed if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount. Reversals are made only to the extent that the carrying amount of the asset does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined if no impairment loss had been recognised.

An impairment loss in respect of goodwill is not reversed.

(m) Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share are computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of issued common shares and AIXTRON ADS (see note 20) for the year. Diluted earnings per share reflect the potential dilution that could occur if options issued under the Company's stock option plan were exercised and convertible bonds were converted, unless such conversion had an anti-dilutive effect.

(n) Convertible bonds

Convertible bonds that can be converted to share capital at the option of the holder, where the number of shares issued does not vary with changes in their fair value, are accounted for as compound financial instruments. Transaction costs that relate to the issue of a compound financial instrument are allocated to the liability and equity components in proportion to the allocation of proceeds. The equity component of the convertible bonds is calculated as the excess of the issue proceeds over the present value of the future interest and principal payments, discounted at the market rate of interest applicable to similar liabilities that do not have a conversion option. The interest expense recognised in the income statement is calculated using the effective interest rate method.

(o) Employee benefits

(i) Defined contribution plans

Obligations for contributions to defined contribution pension plans are recognised as an expense in the income statement as incurred.

(ii) Defined benefit plans

The obligation is calculated by estimating the amount of future benefit that employees have earned in return for their service in prior periods, that benefit is discounted to determine its present value. The calculation is performed by a qualified actuary using the projected unit credit method.

Since January 1, 2005, actuarial gains and losses have been recognised in the income statement at each balance sheet date.

(iii) Share-based payment transactions

The stock option programme allows members of the Executive Board, management and employees of the Company to acquire shares/ADS (see note 23) of the Company. These stock option programs are accounted for by AIXTRON according to IFRS 2 in the business year and prior year respectively. The fair value of options granted after November 7, 2002 is recognised as an employee expense with a corresponding increase in the additional paid-in capital. The fair value is calculated at grant date and spread over the period during which the employees become unconditionally entitled to the options. The fair value of the options granted is measured using a binomial lattice model, taking into account the terms and conditions upon which the options were granted. In the calculation of the personnel expense options forfeited are considered.

(p) Provisions

A provision is recognised in the balance sheet when the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of a past event, and it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle this obligation. If the effect is material, provisions are determined by discounting the expected future cash flows at a pre-tax interest rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and, where appropriate, the risks associated with the liability.

(i) Warranties

The Company offers one to two year warranties on all of its products. The warranty generally provides cost of labour, material and material related overhead necessary to repair a product free of charge during the warranty period. The specific terms and conditions of those warranties may vary depending on the equipment sold, the terms of the contract and the locations to which they are sold. The Company establishes the costs that may be incurred under its warranty obligations and records a liability in the amount of such costs at the time revenue is recognized. Factors that affect the Company's warranty liability include the historical and anticipated rates of warranty claims and cost per claim.

The Company accrues material and labor warranty for systems shipped based upon historical experience. The Company periodically assesses the adequacy of its recorded warranty provisions and adjusts the amounts as necessary.

(ii) Onerous contracts

A provision for onerous contracts is recognised when the expected benefits to be derived by the Company from a contract are lower than the unavoidable cost of meeting its obligations under the contract.

(q) Trade payables and other payables

Trade payables and other payables are stated at their repayment values. Outstanding invoices relating to other accounting periods are recognised in trade payables.

(r) Revenue

Revenue is generated from the sale and installation of equipment, spare parts and maintenance services. The sale of equipment involves a customer acceptance test at AIXTRON´s production facility. After successful completion of this test, the equipment is dismantled and packaged for shipment. Upon arrival at the customer site the equipment is reassembled and installed, which is a service generally performed by AIXTRON engineers. AIXTRON gives no general rights of return, discounts, credits or other sales incentives within its terms of sale. However, occasionally some customers of AIXTRON have specifically negotiated to include some of these terms.

Revenues from the sale of products that have been demonstrated to meet product specification requirements are recognised upon shipment to the customer, if a full customer acceptance test has been successfully completed at the AIXTRON production facility. Revenue relating to the installation of the equipment at the customer site is deferred until the installation at the customer site is complete. The portion of the contract revenue deferred until completion of the installation services is determined based on the higher of the fair value of the installation services or the portion of the contract amount that is due and payable upon completion of the installation. Fair value of the installation services is determined based on an estimate of the materials and time required to complete the installation.

Revenue related to products where meeting the product specification requirements has not yet been demonstrated, or where specific rights of return have been negotiated, is recognised only upon final customer acceptance.

Revenue relating to the installation of the equipment at the customer site is deferred until installation is completed and the final customer acceptance has been confirmed. The portion of the contract revenue deferred is determined based on the higher of the fair value of the installation services or the portion of the contract amount payable upon completion of the installation. Fair value of the installation services is determined based on an estimate of the materials and time required to complete the installation.

Revenue on the sale of spare parts is recognised when title and risk of loss passes to the customer, generally upon shipment. This condition is generally met at the date of shipment. Revenue from maintenance services is recognised as the services are completed.

(s) Expenses

(i) Cost of sales

Cost of sales includes such direct costs as materials, labor and related production overheads.

(ii) Research and development

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Project funding received from the Government (e.g. state funding) and the European Union is recorded in other operating income, if the research and development costs are incurred and provided that any conditions for the funding have been met.

(iii) Operating lease payments

Payments made under operating leases are recognised as expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.

(t) Other operating income

Government grants

Government grants awarded for project funding are recorded in "Other operating income" if the Research and Development costs are incurred and provided that any conditions for the funding have been met.

(u) Deferred tax

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded for all temporary differences between tax and commercial balance sheets and for losses brought forward for tax purposes as well as for tax credits of the companies included in consolidation. The deferred taxes are calculated, based on tax rates applicable at the balance sheet date or in the future. Effects of changes in tax rates on the deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognised upon adoption of the amended law.

A deferred tax asset is recognised only to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits can be set off against tax credits and tax loss carry forwards. Deferred tax assets are reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit cannot be realised.

(v) Segment reporting

A business segment is a distinguishable component of the Company that is engaged in providing products or services which are subject to similar risks and rewards. AIXTRON is acting on worldwide markets. The risks and rates of return are basically affected by project and services, its primary format for the reporting of segment information shall be business segments with the secondary information reported geographically.

The internally reported product lines are combined for group reporting in one business segment as defined in IAS 14.34, as they show only insignificant differences as to long term profit forecasts and as they are materially similar in the assessment of the criteria used to distinguish the individual business segments as defined in IAS 14.9 (nature of products and services, nature of production processes, customers and ways of distribution).

Accounting standards applied in segment reporting are in accordance with general accounting policies as explained in this section. The disclosed revenues earned with other segments are at arm's length.

(w) Recently issued accounting standards

The following survey shows IFRS Standards and Amendments to IFRS not compulsory and applicable for reporting periods ending on December 31, 2005. These standards were not applied earlier than required. AIXTRON is currently analysing the impact of the new standards on the consolidated financial statements. The Company does not expect the adoption of these standards to have a material impact on consolidated financial statements.

IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosures
Issued: August 2005
IFRIC 4 Determining whether an Arrangement contains a Lease
Issued: December 2004
IFRIC 5 Rights to Interests arising from Decommissioning,
Restoration and Environmental Rehabilitation Funds
Issued: December 2004
IFRIC 6 Liabilities arising from participating in a specific market – waste
electrical and electronic equipment
Issued September 2005
IFRIC 7 Applying the Restatement Approach under IAS 29
Financial Reporting in Hyperinflationary Economies
Issued: November 2005
Amendment
to IAS 1
Capital Disclosures
Issued: August 2005
Amendment
to IAS 19
Actuarial Gains and Losses, Group Plans and Disclosures
Issued: December 2004
Amendment
to IAS 21
Net Investment in a Foreign Operation
Issued: December 2005
Amendment
to IAS 39
Cash Flow Hedge Accounting of Forecast Intra-group Transactions
Issued: April 2005
Amendment
to IAS 39
The Fair Value Option
Issued: June 2005
Amendment
to IAS 39 and
IFRS 4
Financial Guarantee Contracts
Issued: August 2005

3. Segment reporting

The following segment information has been prepared in accordance with IAS 14 "Segment Reporting". As AIXTRON has only one business segment (see note 2 (v)), the segment information provided relates only to the Company's geographical segments, this being secondary segment information.

The Company markets and sells the majority of its products in Asia, Europe and the United States, mainly through its direct sales organisation and cooperation partners.

In presenting information on the basis of geographical segments, segments revenue is based on the geographical location of customers. Segment assets are based on the geographical location of the assets.

Segment capital expenditure is the total cost incurred during the period to acquire segment assets that are expected to be used for more than one period.

Geographical segments

in EUR thousands Asia Europe USA Consoli-
dation
Group
Revenues realised with
third parties 2005 103,036 22,052 14,314 139,402
2004 108,097 13,642 18,265 140,004
Revenues realised with
other segments 2005 11,582 1,055 6,311 (18,948) 0
2004 4,905 1,676 11,646 (18,227) 0
Segment revenues 2005 114,618 23,107 20,625 (18,948) 139,402
2004 113,002 15,318 29,911 (18,227) 140,004
Segment assets 2005 13,841 214,775 98,795 (127,862) 199,549
2004 5,798 139,087 10,340 (30,209) 125,016
Segment capital expenditures* 2005 308 10,213 93,262 - 103,783
2004 171 5,202 57 - 5,430

* Segment capital expenditures of the financial year 2005 also include the additions resulting from the change in group companies.

Revenues are shown in the following table:

in EUR thousands 2005 2004
Revenues for sale of goods
Revenues for service and repair
137,306
2,096
138,592
1,412
139,402 140,004

Revenues for sale of goods include revenues from barter transactions in the amount of kEUR 3,701.

4. Acquisition of subsidiaries

All acquisitions described below were accounted for using the purchase method of accounting.

On July 2, 2004, AIXTRON announced its intention to acquire Genus, Inc. Genus is a supplier of Atomic Layer Deposition and Chemical Vapour Deposition technology, which is required in the production of advanced semiconductors and hard disk drives. AIXTRON acquired all issued and outstanding shares of Genus, Inc. with effect from March 14, 2005.

The United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) declared the F-4 registration statement of AIXTRON AG effective on February 8, 2005. On March 10, 2005, the extraordinary meeting of shareholders of Genus, Inc. took place. The shareholders of Genus approved the merger pursuant to the laws of the State of California through the affirmative vote of holders of more than 50% of the issued and outstanding shares.

As part of the acquisition of Genus, Inc. by AIXTRON, all Genus, Inc. shares were exchanged for AIXTRON American Depositary Shares (ADS) in a stock-for-stock transaction. The shareholders of Genus, Inc. received 0.51 AIXTRON ADS in exchange for each Genus, Inc. common share. Each AIXTRON ADS represents the beneficial ownership in one AIXTRON common share.

In the context of the acquisition, AIXTRON issued additional ADS for the holders of employee stock options, other options and convertible bonds existing at the date of acquisition. These ADS were transferred to a trust at the date of acquisition that keeps the ADS until they are granted to the holders of the options and the convertible bonds. Upon consummation of the transaction, the historic shareholders of AIXTRON AG held approximately 72% and the former shareholders of Genus approximately 28% of AIXTRON AG taking into consideration all ADS issued as part of the transaction (see note 20).

The total purchase price for the acquisition of Genus, Inc. comprises the following:

in EUR thousands
Fair value of an AIXTRON share of common stock as of March 14, 2005
(20,539,956 shares at 3.72 1
per share)
76,409
Fair value of the stock options granted by Genus, Inc. 2,494
Fair value of the convertible bond issued by Genus, Inc. 3,799
Acquisition-related costs 9,403
92,105

The fair value of shares granted by AIXTRON AG was calculated at the quoted share prices at the transfer date.

The following table summarises the effect of the fair value adjustments on the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition. This preliminary purchase price allocation may be adjusted within one year of the purchase date when further necessary information regarding the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed is available:

in EUR thousands Carrying amount Fair value
adjustment
Acquisition
cost
Current assets 28,435 (6,761) 21,674
Property, plant and equipment 9,918 (5,684) 4,234
Other intangible assets 0 24,316 24,316
Other assets 580 (412) 168
Acquired assets 38,933 11,459 50,392
Current liabilities 15,399 5,778 21,177
Acquired assets less liabilities 23,534 5,681 29,215
Goodwill arising on acquisition 62,890
Total purchase price 92,105

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The intangible assets acquired were classified according to the following categories:

in EUR millions
Customer relations 9.2
Product and technology know how 15.1
24.3

Goodwill has arisen on acquisition of Genus, Inc. because of customer relationships that did not meet the criteria for recognition as a separate intangible asset at the date of acquisition. In the financial year 2005, the carrying amount of this goodwill developed as follows:

in EUR thousands
Addition as of March 14, 2005 62,890
Impairment 13,705
Effect from currency translation 7,847
Carrying amount as of December 31, 2005 57,032

The following table summarises pro forma financial information assuming the Genus, Inc. acquisition had occurred on January 1, 2005. This pro forma financial information does not necessarily represent what would have occurred if the transaction had taken place on the date presented and should not be taken as representative of our future consolidated results of operation or financial position.

in EUR thousands 01.01.–31.12.2005
Revenues 143,381
Net loss (60,255)
Earnings per share
- basic (0.73)
- diluted (0.73)

The consolidated income for the year includes a net loss of kEUR -30,722, arisen in the original Genus group since the acquisition.

In May 2004, AIXTRON purchased the remaining 10% interest in AIXTRON KK, for an aggregate amount of kEUR 238 in cash including costs directly attributable to the business combination. The excess paid above the purchased net assets was accounted for as goodwill of kEUR 127. The subsidiary is a distribution and service company of AIXTRON products in Japan.

In October 2004, AIXTRON purchased the remaining 30.08% in Epigress AB for an aggregate amount of kEUR 1,773 in cash including cost directly attributable to the business combination. The excess paid above the purchased net assets was accounted for as goodwill of kEUR 551. Epigress AB focuses primarily on Research and Development activities and on the sale and marketing of MOCVD equipment for silicon carbide (SiC).

5. Research and development

Research and development costs, before deducting project funding received, were kEUR 30,541 and kEUR 20,407 for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004 respectively.

After deducting project funding received and not repayable, net expenses for research and development were kEUR 27,627 and kEUR 17,856 for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004 respectively.

6. Other operating income

in EUR thousands 2005 2004
Research and development funding 2,887 2,551
Income from resolved contract obligations 720 2,965
Income from the reversal of provisions and the write-off of debts 837 756
Other grants, reimbursements and costs passed on 369 0
Compensation payments 69 235
Rental income 22 216
Foreign exchange gains 9 2,900
Other 652 316
5,565 9,939

7. Other operating expenses

in EUR thousands 2005 2004
Exchange losses 2,063 25
Losses form the disposal of items of property, plant and equipment 217 374
Addition to allowance on receivables/write-off of receivables 102 204
Other 518 118
2,900 721

8. Personnel expenses

in EUR thousands 2005 2004
Wages and salaries 34,633 24,991
Social insurance contributions 4,236 3,436
Increase in the obligation from defined benefit plans 276 35
Increase in the obligation from contribution defined contribution plans 151 0
Expenses for stock options 1,801 1.041
41,097 29,503

9. Net financing costs

Net interest 460 784
Interest expense (233) (2)
Interest income 693 786
in EUR thousands 2005 2004

10. Income tax expense/income

The following table shows income tax expense/income recognised in the consolidated income statement:

in EUR thousands 2005 2004
Current tax expense
for current year 282 1,096
adjustment for prior years 433 45
Total current tax expense 715 1,141
Deferred tax expense (+)/deferred tax income (-)
from temporary differences (1,441) 1,325
from write-downs and reversals 1,979 363
Total deferred tax expense 538 1,688
Total income tax expense in consolidated income statement 1,253 2,829

The Company's effective tax rate is different from the German statutory tax rate of currently 39.45% (last year: 39.28%) which is based on the German corporate income tax rate (including solidarity surcharge and trade tax).

in EUR thousands 2005 2004
Net result before taxes (52,215) 10,458
Income tax expense (domestic tax rate) (20,599) 4,108
Effect from differences to foreign tax rates 1,494 (48)
Non-deductible expenses 224 78
Non-consideration of tax claims from loss carryforwards 10,467 33
Allowance of deferred tax assets 1,979 363
Other 644 (77)
Effect from the use of loss carryforwards (157) (91)
Effect from permanent differences 7,201 (1,537)
Income tax expense in consolidated income statement 1,253 2,829
Effective tax rate (2.4%) 27.1%

The following table shows the reconciliation fort he expected to the reported tax expense:

11. Current tax assets and liabilities

The current tax liabilities, i.e. those actually incurred in the current period or in prior periods because the amount of tax paid was either too low or too high, are kEUR 1,404 (last year: kEUR 83). In the last year current tax assets of kEUR 63 were recognised.

12. Property, plant and equipment

Development of property, plant and equipment

in EUR thousands Land and
buildings
Technical
equipment
and
machinery
Other plant,
factory and
office
equipment
Assets
under
construc
tion
Total
Cost
Balance at January 1, 2004 30,089 17,968 9,551 111 57,719
Other additions 377 219 742 2,796 4,134
Disposals 346 29 158 0 533
Transfers 0 (7) 7 0
Effect from currency translation 0 (6) (52) 0 (58)
Balance at December 31, 2004 30,120 18,145 10,090 2,907 61,262
Balance at January 1, 2005 30,120 18,145 10,090 2,907 61,262
Change in consolidated companies 328 2,609 299 998 4,234
Other additions 989 2,817 745 3,846 8,397
Disposals 195 580 1,231 589 2,595
Transfers (207) 3,347 207 (3,347) 0
Effect from currency translation 78 390 304 134 906
Balance at December 31, 2005 31,113 26,728 10,414 3,949 72,204
Accumulated depreciation
Balance at January 1, 2004 5,902 7,378 6,077 0 19,357
Depreciation charged during the year 1,359 2,438 1,299 0 5,096
Disposals 40 8 153 0 201
Transfers 0 (8) 8 0
Effect from currency translation (3) (6) (51) 0 (60)
Balance at December 31, 2004 7,218 9,794 7,180 0 24,192
Balance at January 1, 2005 7,218 9,794 7,180 0 24,192
Depreciation charged during the year 1,409 3,361 1,355 0 6,125
Impairments during the year 0 1,012 0 589 1,601
Dipsoals 3 556 991 589 2,139
Transfers (70) 0 70 0 0
Effect from currency translation 16 72 158 0 246
Balance at December 31, 2005 8,570 13,683 7,772 0 30,025
Carrying amounts
January 1, 2004 24,187 10,590 3,474 111 38,362
December 31, 2004 22,902 8,351 2,910 2,907 37,070
January 1, 2005 22,902 8,351 2,910 2,907 37,070
December 31, 2005 22,543 13,045 2,642 3,949 42,179

Impairments

Impairments of kEUR 1,601 for the financial year are attributable to the complete write-down of owned assets. Such assets were constructed for the further development of AIXTRON technology in the semiconductor industry (especially silicon germanium applications for Telecom/Datacom components). Due to changed market conditions the manufacturing cost exceeds the current value in use. This was the reason for the impairment.

The impairment losses are recognised in the item "research and development" of the income statement.

Government grants

In 2005, the cost for machinery and equipment decreased by kEUR 1,070, as a result of government grants. Of this amount kEUR 648 have been accrued as receivable and kEUR 422 was paid in cash.

Construction in progress

Construction in progress primarily relates to self-built equipment for internal use.

13. Intangible assets

Development of intangible assets

in EUR thousands Goodwill Patents and
similar rights
Total
Cost
Balance at January 1, 2004 19,252 8,618 27,870
Change in consolidated companies 0 0 0
Other additions 678 618 1,296
Effect from currency translation (2) 0 (2)
Balance at December 31, 2004 19,928 9,236 29,164
Balance at January 1, 2005 19,928 9,236 29,164
Change in consolidated companies 62,890 24,316 87,206
Other additions 77 3,869 3,946
Disposals 0 301 301
Effect from currency translation 8,885 3,323 12,208
Balance at December 31, 2005 91,780 40,443 132,223
Accumulated amortisation
Balance at January 1, 2004 6,295 4,060 10,355
Amortisation charged during the year 0 890 890
Effect from currency translation 0 (9) (9)
Balance at December 31, 2004 6,295 4,941 11.236
Balance at Janaury 1, 2005 6,295 4,941 11,236
Amortisation charged during the year 0 4,281 4,281
Impairments during the year 13,782 11,247 25,029
Disposals 0 273 273
Effect from currency translation 701 481 1,182
Balance at December 31, 2005 20,778 20,677 41,455
Carrying amounts
January 1, 2004 12,957 4,558 17,515
December 31, 2004 13,633 4,295 17,928
January 1, 2005 13,633 4,295 17,928
December 31, 2005 71,002 19,766 90,768

Additions through business combinations

The additions through business combinations in 2005 include the assets acquired from Genus, Inc. These intangible assets are amortised over a period of six to seven years. Further details are given in note 4.

Amortisation and impairment of other intangible assets

Amortisation and impairment expenses on other intangible assets are recognised in the income statement as follows:

in EUR thousands 2005 2004
Amortisation Impairment Amortisation Impairment
Cost of sales 2,215 5,680 306 0
Selling expenses 1,414 1,.866 10 0
General administration expenses 195 0 127 0
Research and development costs 457 3,701 447 0
4,281 11,247 890 0

In the financial year 2005, amortisation of kEUR 3,701 was charged on intangible assets. It relates to additions to patents and production methods in the financial year 2005. Due to changed market conditions in respect of these intangible assets it is not possible to reliably determine the economic benefit received in future periods. As a result an impairment loss was recognised.

Furthermore, market studies indicate that the sales markets for specific AIXTRON technologies will be available to the Company only at a later date. Considering this, AIXTRON performed an impairment test for developed technologies. On the basis of these tests an impairment of kEUR 5,680 to the lower value in use was recognised.

Furthermore, AIXTRON calculated an amortisation of kEUR 1,866 on the customer base acquired from Genus, Inc. as the flows of economic benefit attributable to these customers at the balance sheet date no longer reflect the original planning at the date of acquisition.

Reversals needed be made neither in the financial year 2005 nor in the financial year 2004.

Comments on impairment of goodwill

The goodwill of the following entities show material carrying amounts at the balance sheet date.

in EUR thousands 2005 2004
Genus, Inc. 57,032 0
Thomas Swan Scientific Equipment Ltd. 11,992 11,655
Epigress AB 1,791 1,791
AIXTRON KK 187 187
71,002 13,633

The impairment test for cash generating units is based on projections of cash flows on the basis of a five year business plan, taking account of a perpetual annuity. To examine the actual value, AIXTRON estimated the cash inflows also for the period following the planning period by carrying forward a constant growth rate for the following years. The value in use for each cash generating unit was calculated, using a discounted cash flow method. A pre-tax discount rate of 13% and 15% respectively was applied in discounting the projected cash flows. In a further step, the value in use determined was compared to the carrying amount of the cash generating unit.

The comparison of the carrying amount with the value in use showed that the impairment required for the Genus, Inc. goodwill was kEUR 13,705. Impairments in respect of the goodwill of Thomas Swan Scientific Equipment Ltd. Epigress AG or of AIXTRON KK were not necessary.

14. Investment property

in EUR thousands 2005 2004
Balance at January 1 4,908 4,938
Subsequent acquisition or manufacturing cost 0 10
Disposals 0 (40)
Balance at December 31 4,908 4,908

This relates to undeveloped land held for a purpose not yet determined. It can be used for a possible extension of the production capacity. The carrying amount is determined under the cost model. The fair value is equal to the carrying amount. The fair value of the land was demonstrated on the basis of the related standard land values and of external confirmations.

15. Other non-current assets

Other non-current assets totalling kEUR 499 (last year: kEUR 5,820) include mainly rent deposits for buildings. In 2004 transaction costs of kEUR 5,775 for the acquisition of Genus, Inc. were included.

16. Deferred tax assets and liabilities

Recognised deferred tax assets and liabilities

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are attributable to the following:

Assets Liabilities Net
EUR in thousands 2005 2004 2005 2004 2005 2004
Property, plant and equipment 25 0 0 0 25 0
Trade receivables 0 209 (30) (12) (30) 197
Inventories 763 218 0 0 763 218
Employee benefits 167 62 0 0 167 62
Deferred revenues 155 1,748 0 0 155 1,748
Currency translation differences 0 44 0 0 0 44
Provisions and other liabilities 0 6 (209) (394) (209) (388)
Customer advances 27 0 0 (460) 27 (460)
Other 18 317 (150) (343) (132) (26)
Tax loss carryforwards 5,481 5,458 0 0 5,481 5,458
Derivative financial instruments 84 0 0 (1,031) 84 (1,031)
Deferred tax assets (+) liabilities (-) 6,720 8,062 (389) (2,240) 6,331 5,822

Deferred tax assets are recognised at the level of individual consolidated companies, in which a loss was realised in the financial year, only to the extent that the realisation in future periods is probable based on previous experiences or forecasts. Deferred taxes for deductible temporary differences in the amount of some kEUR 5.400 were not considered.

Deferred taxes of kEUR 170,000 (last year: kEUR 5,023) on tax loss carry forwards and tax credits available at the balance sheet date were not considered. Some kEUR 129,000 of this amount relates to the acquired Genus, Inc. At the balance sheet date, Genus, Inc. has research credit carryforwards of approximately kEUR 128,000 for federal and state income tax purposes. If not utilised, the federal carryforward will expire beginning in 2005 up to 2015. The carry forward at state level and the credit carryforwards will expire, in partial amounts, beginning in 2004 up to 2025.

Under current tax legislation, other loss carry forwards can be used in the group indefinitely.

in EUR thousands Balance at
January 1,
2004
Recognised
in income
statement
Directly
recognised
in equity
Balance at
December 31,
2004
Trade receivables (34) 231 0 197
Inventories (1,100) 1,318 0 218
Provisions for pensions 58 4 0 62
Deferred revenues 3,332 (1,584) 0 1,748
Currency adjustment item 47 0 (3) 44
Provisions and other liabilities (202) (186) 0 (388)
Customer advances (504) 44 0 (460)
Other 0 (26) 0 (26)
Derivative financial instruments (1,050) (144) 163 (1,031)
Tax loss carryforward 6,975 (1,517) 0 5,458
7,522 (1,860) 160 5,822

The following table shows the development of temporary differences during the financial year:

in EUR thousands Balance at
January 1,
2005
Recognised
in income
statement
Directly
recognised
in equity
Balance at
December 31,
2005
Property, plant and equipment 0 25 0 25
Trade receivables 197 (227) 0 (30)
Inventories 218 545 0 763
Provisions for pensions 62 105 0 167
Deferred revenues 1,748 (1,593) 0 155
Currency adjustment item 44 0 (44) 0
Provisions and other liabilities (388) 179 0 (209)
Customer advances (460) 487 0 27
Other (26) (106) 0 (132)
Derivative financial instruments (1,031) 251 864 84
Tax loss carryforwards 5,458 23 0 5,481
5,822 (311) 820 6,331

17. Inventories

in EUR thousands 2005 2004
Raw materials and supplies 13,075 9,470
Work in process 14,953 21,772
Finished goods and services completed 3,029 3,697
Inventories at customer's locations 2.056 2,337
33,113 37,276
in EUR thousands 2005 2004
Write-down on inventories during the year 3,685 4,542
Inventories measured at net realisable value 1,308 15,831
Inventories recognised as an expense during the period 78,487 70,127
Reversals during the year recognised in cost of materials 89 1,114

Inventory already shipped to customers still waiting for final customer acceptance is presented as inventory at customer's locations.

Due to changes in the possible use of inventories, write-downs of kEUR 89 (last year: kEUR 1,114) on inventories were reversed and recognised in income in the financial year.

18. Trade receivables and other current receivables

in EUR thousands 2005 2004
Trade receivables 24,209 16,008
Prepaid expenses 1,067 508
Repayment of research & development costs 648 523
Advances on inventories 403 329
VAT refund claims 253 934
Other assets 1,499 718
Fair values of financial derivatives 5 2,930
3,875 5,942
28,084 21,950

19. Cash and cash equivalents

in EUR thousands 2005 2004
Cash-in-hand 6 2
Short term securities 5,032 4,981
Bank balances 26,397 40,515
Cash and cash equivalents in the consolidated cash flow statement 31,435 45,498

Bank balances included kEUR 214 secured balances.

20. Shareholders' Equity

Subscribed capital

2005 2004
January 1 64,831,512 64,831,512
Capital increase as part of Genus acquisition 20,539,956 0
Shares for conversion of Genus convertible bonds 2,383,920 0
Shares for exercise of stock options 41,226 0
Issued capital at December 31, under IFRS 87,796,614 64,831,512
Treasury shares 2,002,783 0
Stated share capital at December 31 89,799,397 64,831,512

The stated share capital of the company consists of no-par shares and was fully paid-up during the business year and last year respectively. Each share represents a portion of the stated share capital in the amount of EUR 1.00.

On March 14, 2005, AIXTRON AG increased its share capital (based on part of its Authorised Share Capital I) by issuing to the former shareholders of Genus Inc. new ordinary shares (20,539,956) in the form of American Depositary Shares (ADS) against all issued shares of Genus, Inc. common shares as contribution in kind. Each ADS represents the economic ownership in an ordinary share of AIXTRON AG. All issued and outstanding shares of Genus, Inc. were contributed into AIXTRON AG. On March 14, 2005, 4,427,929 ADS were also contributed into a trust property to pay the obligation of Genus, Inc. existing at that date and resulting from share options and convertible bonds as well as from warranties. An AIXTRON common share was deposited for each ADS contributed into the trust property.

AIXTRON AG cannot dispose of the trust property. Contrary to the rules under Germany Commercial Code and Company Law, the rules of IFRS (SIC 12) do not permit the trust property to be allocated to AIXTRON AG. In the IFRS financial statements the shares held in this property trust are therefore shown as own shares and deducted from the share capital.

In August 2005, 2,383,920 shares were issued to the owners of the convertible bonds of Genus, Inc. In the third quarter 2005, 41,226 ADS from this property trust were issued to employees for exercised share options.

By a resolution of May 18, 2005, the extraordinary meeting of the shareholders authorised the cancellation of the Authorised Share Capital I and of the Authorised Share Capital II. At the same time, they authorised the creation of a new Authorised Share Capital I and of a new Authorised Share Capital II. The amendment to the Company's articles of association was registered in the commercial register on June 15, 2005. According to § 4 of the articles of association, an Authorised Capital of EUR 44,899,688.00 exists.

The general meeting of the shareholders authorised AIXTRON AG's Executive Board

  • to increase, with the consent of the Supervisory Board, AIXTRON's stated share capital at any time or from time to time on or before May 17, 2010 by up to EUR 35,919,751.00 by issuing against either cash contribution or contribution in kind new registered no-par shares with a proportional amount of EUR 1.00 per share in the share capital (Authorised Share Capital I). In this case, the shareholders must be granted a pre-emptive right. However, the Executive Board is authorised, with the consent of the Supervisory Board, to exclude, in whole or in part, the shareholders' pre-emptive right.
  • to increase, with the consent of the Supervisory Board, AIXTRON's stated share capital at any time or from time to time on or before May 2010 by up to EUR 8,979,937.00 by issuing against cash contributions new registered shares without par value with a proportional amount of EUR 1.00 per share in the share capital (Authorised Capital II). In this case, the shareholders must be granted a pre-emptive right. However, the Executive Board is authorised, with the consent of the Supervisory Board, to exclude, in whole or in part, the shareholders' pre-emptive right.

The Executive Board is also authorised, with the consent of the Supervisory Board, to define the rights embodied in a share and the other conditions and terms of the issuance of shares.

Paid-in capital

Paid-in capital mainly includes the premium on increases of subscribed capital as well as accrued stock option expense.

Other comprehensive income

in EUR thousands Currency
translation
Derivative
financial
instruments
Total
Balance at January 1, 2004 (2,244) 1,469 (775)
Change in currency translation 48 48
Change in unrealised gains/losses before taxes (308) (308)
Deferred taxes 163 163
Balance at December 31, 2004 (2,196) 1,324 (872)
Change in currency translation 11,616 11,616
Change in unrealised gains/losses before taxes (2,493) (2,493)
Deferred taxes 864 864
Balance at December 31, 2005 9,420 (305) 9,115

The foreign currency translation adjustment comprises all foreign exchange differences arising from the translation of the financial statements of foreign subsidiaries whose functional currency is not the EUR.

The item "derivative financial instruments" comprises the effective portion of the cumulative net change in the fair value of cash flow hedging instruments related to hedged transactions that have not yet occurred.

21. Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share

The calculation of the basic earnings per share at December 31, 2005, is based on the weightedaverage number of common shares outstanding during the reporting period. The weighted-average number of issued commons shares and ADS was 82,111,081 (last year: 64,831,512).

Diluted earnings per share

The calculation of the diluted earnings per share at December 31, 2005 is based on the weightedaverage number of outstanding common shares and ADS and of common shares and ADS with a possible dilutive effect resulting from share options being exercised under the share option plan and in connection with the conversion of issued convertible bonds and other options.

Weighted-average number of common shares (diluted) as follows:

Dilutive effect of convertible bonds 0 25,440
Dilutive effect of share options 0 308,294
Weighted average number of commons shares

The following securities issued were not included in the computation of the diluted earnings per share, as their effect would be antidilutive:

Number of shares 2005 2004
Share options 5,357,986 3,377,161
Convertible bonds 25,440 0
5,383,426 3,377,161

22. Employee benefits

Defined contribution plan

The Genus, Inc. 401 (k) Plan ("Genus Plan") adopted in the context of the acquisition of Genus, Inc. provides retirement and incidental benefits for eligible employees. The Genus Plan provides for contributions (as determined by the Executive Board) that may not exceed 6% of the aggregate salaries of those employees eligible for participation. In 2005, Genus, Inc. contributed kEUR 151. Included in this amount is an amount of kEUR 4 that was contributed for a member of the Executive Board.

Defined benefit plan

The Company's net obligation in respect of defined benefit pension plans reflects commitments to two former members of the Executive Board of AIXTRON AG.

Development of provisions for pensions as follows:

in EUR thousands 2005 2004
Present value of net obligations at January 1 703 736
Expense recognised in consolidated income statement (see below) 275 37
Present value of net obligations at December 31 978 773
Actuarial gains and losses not recognised 0 (70)
Total provisions for pensions at December 31 978 703

The expense for pensions developed as follows:

in EUR thousands 2005 2004
Interest expense
Actuarial gains and losses
38
237
37
0
275 37

In the income statement, the expense of kEUR 275 (last year: kEUR 37) is recognised in general administration expense.

The following table shows the principal actuarial assumptions:

Biometrical calculation assumptions Heubeck-
Richttafeln
2005 G
Heubeck
Richttafeln
1998
Interest rate at December 31 4.35% 5.0%
Expected salary increase 0.0% 0.0%
Expected pension increase 1.5% 1.5%

23. Share-based payment

The Company has different fixed option plans which reserve shares of common stock and AIXTRON American Depository Shares/ADS) for the issuance to members of the Executive Board, management and employees of the Company. Each AIXTRON ADS represents the beneficial ownership in one AIXTRON common share. The following is a description of these plans:

AIXTRON stock option plan 1999

In May 1999, options were authorized to purchase 3,000,000 shares of common stock (after giving effect to capital increases, stock splits, and the EURO conversion). The options become in equal instalments of 25% per year after the second anniversary of the date of grant, subject to certain conditions exercisable. Vested options are only permitted to be exercised when the performance of the AIXTRON stock exceeds the performance of the Technology AS Price Index (formerly the New Market Index) by at least 5% in the reference period or when the turnover reported by AIXTRON rises by at least 25% per year and the profit/revenue ratio is at least 12%. Regardless of fulfilment of these conditions, the stock options can be exercised when 15 years have elapsed. Under the terms of the 1999 plan, options are granted at prices equal to the average closing price over the last 20 trading days on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange before the grant date. All options are settled by physical delivery of shares. Under this plan 2,087,956 options were outstanding for the purchase of commons shares.

In 2002, options were granted with the exercise price slightly less than fair market value. Fair market value is determined based upon the closing trading price on grant date.

AIXTRON stock option plan 2002

In May 2002, options were authorized to purchase 3,511,495 shares of common stock. The options become exercisable in equal instalments of 25% per year after the second anniversary of the date of grant, subject to certain conditions exercisable. Options expire ten years from date of grant. Under the terms of the 2002 plan, options are granted at prices equal to the average closing price over the last 20 trading days on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange before the grant date, plus a premium of 20% over the average closing price. No grants were issued with a strike price less than fair market value. All options are settled by physical delivery of shares. A total of 1,844,545 options to purchase common stock were outstanding under this plan as of December 31, 2005.

Genus stock option plan 2000

Within the scope of the acquisition of Genus, Inc. the company adopted the Genus Incentive Stock Option Plan 2000. At the date of acquisition options were authorized to purchase 3,948,014 Genus shares of common stock under this plan. At the date of acquisition these options were converted into options to purchase 2,013,487 AIXTRON ADS. Options granted before October 3, 2003 vest over a three-year-period and expire five years from the date of grant. Options granted after October 3, 2003 vest over a four-year-period and expire in ten years from the date of grant.

A total of 1,365,076 options to purchase AIXTRON ADS were outstanding under this plan as of December 31, 2005.

The stock option transactions are summarised as follows:

AIXTRON share options

Number
of shares
Average
exercise
price (EUR)
Number
of shares
Average
exercise
price (EUR)
2005 2004
Balance at January 1 4,254,331 16.12 3,278,725 19.91
Granted during the year 0 0.00 1,180,005 6.17
Exercised during the year 0 0.00 0 0.00
Expired during the year 0 0.00 0 0.00
Forfeited during the year 321,830 11.99 204,399 19.45
Outstanding at December 31 3,932,501 16.46 4,254,331 16.12
Exercisable at December 31 716,480 21.85 523,032 29.51

Genus share options

Number
of shares
Average
exercise
price (USD)
2005
Balance at January 1 0 0.00
Addition Genus options 2,013,487 6.19
Granted during the year 0 0.00
Exercised during the year 41,226 2.53
Expired during the year 178,413 13.11
Forfeited during the year 428,772 5.95
Outstanding at December 31 1,365,076 5.47
Exercisable at December 31 938,036 5.37

The weighted-average share price of the options exercised was US\$ 3.32.

The employees of Genus, Inc. held 2,676,620 stock options representing the right to receive 1,365,076 ADS of AIXTRON AG as of December 31, 2005. As part of the Genus, Inc. transaction, a trust for the employee stock options of Genus, Inc. was set up, into which ADS of AIXTRON AG were deposited after the capital increase on March 14, 2005.

Exercise price (EUR) Outstanding Exercisable Average option
life (in years)
3.10 797,670 199,418 7.5
6.17 1,046,875 0 8.5
7.48 767,880 0 11.5
18.70 406,824 406,824 8.5
26.93 472,300 0 10.5
67.39 440,952 110,238 9.5
3,932,501 716,480

AIXTRON stock options as of December 31, 2005

Genus stock options as of December 31, 2005

Margin of exercise
price (USD)
Average option
price (in USD)
Outstanding Exercisable Average option
life (in years)
2.10 to 3.13 2.58 168,572 168,572 1.7
3.45 to 4.84 3.90 445,711 232,595 6.4
5.00 to 6.90 5.19 305,966 275,233 2.7
7.20 to 9.41 8.06 394,847 218,592 7.9
9.90 to 12.73 10.45 49,980 43,044 2.6
1,365,076 938,036

Fair value of stock options and valuation assumptions used to determine the personnel expenses is as follows:

The fair value of services received in return for stock options granted is measured by reference to the fair value of the stock options granted. The fair value of the stock options is determined on the basis of a binomial lattice model. In accordance with the rules of IFRS 2 the measurement includes only options which were granted after November 7, 2002 and had not yet vested on January 1, 2005.

AIXTRON share options
granted
in 2003 in 2004
Fair value on grant date 1.78 3 3.08 3
Price per share 2.79 1 4.84 1
Exercise price 3.10 1 6.17 1
Expected volatility 73.76% 73.54%
Option life 10.5 years 10.5 years
Expected dividend payments 0.00 1 0.00 1
Risk-free interest rate 4.40% 4.38%
Genus share options
granted
in 2005 in 2004 before 2004
Average fair value on grant date 1.30 \$ 1.65 \$ 2.68 \$
Average price per share 2.04 \$ 2.51 \$ 3.97 \$
Average exercise price 2.04 \$ 2.51 \$ 3.97 \$
Average expected volatility 91.76% 95.38% 104.20%
Average option life 10 years 10 years 9.53 years
Average expected dividend payments 0.00 \$ 0.00 \$ 0.00 \$
Average risk-free interest rate 4.11% 4.27% 4.18%

The expected volatility is based on historic volatility.

24. Provisions

Development and breakdown of provisions:

in EUR thousands 2005 01.01. Exchange
rate
differences
Changes in
companies
included
in consoli
dation
Use Reversal Addition 31.12.
2005
thereof
short
term
Provisions for pensions 703 0 0 0 0 275 978
Provisions for personnel 2,588 34 1,442 3,933 88 1,842 1,885 1,885
Warranties 1,426 12 518 775 0 1,014 2,195 2,195
Onerous contracts 0 0 2,598 0 0 1,342 3,940 1,486
Provisions for commissions 902 12 175 785 12 974 1,266 1,266
Hedges 0 0 0 0 0 1,567 1,567 1,567
Other 2,147 113 8,631 7,746 124 3,280 6,301 5,633
Total 7,766 171 13,364 13,239 224 10,294 18,132 14,032
thereof long term 4,100

18,132

Provisions for pensions

The provisions for pensions are commented on in note 22.

Provisions for personnel expenses

These include mainly provisions for holiday not yet taken and bonuses.

Provisions for onerous contracts

These include provisions for contracts connected with obligations, including e.g. rent payable and contract risks.

Provisions for hedge transactions

For further details on the provisions for hedge transactions, please see note 27.

25. Trade payables and other non-current liabilities

The liabilities consist of the following:

in EUR thousands 2005 2004
Trade payables 17,479 13,901
Other liabilities from grants 1,427 0
Wage and church tax due, social security contributions 839 865
VAT due 1,329 12
Other liabilities 354 1,260
3,949 2,137
21,428 16,038

The trade payables also include accrued expenses for outstanding invoices for inventory and property, plant and equipment.

26. Convertible bonds and options

As in the last year, the liabilities from convertible bonds are still kEUR 3.

In November 1997, the Company issued 6% convertible bonds to employees, due November 2007, with a principal amount of kEUR 320, interest payable annually in arrears. The bonds are not transferable and must be repurchased at par if the employee leaves the Company. The notes are convertible, at the option of the holder, into shares of common stock, initially at a conversion rate of 480 shares (after the effects of share splits) of common stock for each EUR 51.13 principal amount of notes plus payment of an additional EUR 971.45, subject to adjustment in certain circumstances. Holders of these bonds have the right to exercise the conversion option in respect of 50% of notes held at the earliest two years after the initial offering and in respect of 100% of notes held after three years from the date of the initial offering. The right to convert expires at the end of the life of the bond. The conversion feature was not deemed to be beneficial at issuance.

Prior to January 1, 2002, an aggregate of kEUR 315 convertible bonds had been converted into 2,592,960 shares of common stock, after adjusting for share splits during the years ended December 31, 2001 and 2000. During the year ended December 31, 2002, convertible bonds worth kEUR 0.3 were converted into 2,880 shares of common stock. No bonds were converted to common stock during 2003 and 2004. AIXTRON had also taken back convertible bonds amounting to kEUR 2 at face value.

The remaining outstanding convertible bonds as of December 31, 2005, amounting to kEUR 3 can be converted, at the option of the holders, into 25,440 shares of common stock through November 2007.

As part of the acquisition of Genus, Inc, the Company assumed liabilities from convertible bonds at total par value of kEUR 4,807 (kUS\$ 6,450) and at an interest rate of 7%. The convertible bonds were issued by Genus, Inc. in August 2002 and had a maturity term of three years. The interest was due every six months in February and in August and could be paid, at the option of Genus, Inc. either in cash or in shares of common stock. The holder of the notes had the option to either convert the note into shares of Genus common stock at a conversion rate of one Genus share for each USD 1.42 principal amount of notes, or to demand that there be a repayment in cash at the due date in August 2005. The option of conversion into Genus stock shares was changed, at the date of the Genus acquisition, into a right to convert each Genus stock share into a 0.51 AIXTRON ADS. For this purpose the required AIXTRON ADS were contributed into the trust property as part of the acquisition (see note 20).

In August 2005, the convertible bonds and the interest incurred since March 13, 2005 were completely settled by way of conversion into AIXTRON ADS. In this conversion 2,383,920 ADS from the trust property were issued to the holder of the convertible bonds. As a result no liability from the Genus convertible bond exists at the balance sheet date.

As part of the acquisition of Genus, Inc. additional options for 60,409 ADS were assumed. These options were still outstanding as of December 31, 2005. The options are held by unrelated third parties. The options will expire on May 13, 2006. Their weighted-average exercise price is US\$ 9.95 per ADS. The fair value of the options was measured at kEUR 0 in preparing the opening balance sheet of Genus as of March 14, 2005. They were not accounted for in the consolidated financial statements. As there are no specific conditions for the exercise of the options, they are fully exercisable.

27. Financial instruments

Exposure to credit, interest rate and currency risks arises in the normal course of the Company's business. Derivative financial instruments are used to hedge exposure to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates.

Credit risks

Financial instruments generally exposed to a credit risk are trade receivables and cash and cash equivalents. Management has a credit policy in place and the exposure to credit risk is monitored on an ongoing basis.

Due to the worldwide spread of risks, there is a diversification of the credit risk for trade receivables. Generally, the Company demands no securities for financial assets. However, a credit rating takes place for customers whose debts exceed a specific amount. In accordance with usual business practice, irrevocable letters of credit are requested from customers in Asia after award of the contract. Allowances are recognised for the risk of bad debt losses. In the opinion of the management, the risk of further bad debt losses from customer contracts is low.

The Company's cash and cash equivalents are kept with banks which have a good reputation.

Interest rate risk

The Company is subject only to minor interest rate fluctuations relating to interest rate influenced cash and cash equivalents, short term investments, bank loans and convertible bonds.

Foreign currency risk

The Company is exposed to foreign currency risk on sales and purchases that are denominated in a currency other than the EUR. The currencies giving rise to this risk are primarily Pounds Sterling and U.S. Dollars.

The Company uses forward exchange contracts and options to hedge the impact of the fluctuations in exchange rates on cash flows from forecasted and agreed sales transactions denominated in foreign currencies. The Company typically hedges less than 100% of the forecasted sales contracts. Forward exchange contracts have typically maturities of less than one year after the balance sheet date.

Hedging

Cash flow hedges

The fair value of the cash flow hedges classified as effective was kEUR -377 (last year: 2,116) as of December 31, 2005 and was recognised in other comprehensive income. The following table shows the development of the fair values, taking into account deferred taxes.

in EUR thousands 2005 2004
Par value of forward exchange contracts
Fair value of forward exchange contracts
5,419
5,796
32,911
30,795
(377) 2,116
Deferred taxes 72 (792)
Losses/gains included in other comprehensive income (305) 1,324

The unrealised gains (kEUR 2,116) included in other comprehensive income as of December 31, 2004 were fully reversed and recognised in income statement at maturity date of the contract in the business year 2005. The gains actually realised in 2005 were kEUR 1,156.

The losses (kEUR 258) from the ineffective part of the cash flow hedges existing as of December 31, 2005 were recognised in the income statement. The face value of the forward exchange contracts was kEUR 6,325 at the balance sheet date.

The face value of the cash flow hedges to which no hedge accounting was applied at the balance sheet date was kEUR 12,101. The losses from the market assessment which are recorded in other operating expenses as of December 31, 2005, were kEUR 522.

Fair value hedges

The losses existing at the balance sheet date, i.e. those arising on the measurement of forward exchange contracts concluded to hedge agreed sales transactions (face value kEUR 6,135), are kEUR 410 and are recorded in other operating expenses. Furthermore, gains of kEUR 5 arose from forward exchange contracts with a face value of kEUR 1,335. These gains were also recognised in the income statement.

Fair values

The fair values and the carrying amounts of the financial instruments shown in the balance sheet are as follows:

Carrying
amount
Fair value Carrying
amount
Fair value
in EUR thousands 2005 2005 2004 2004
Cash and cash equivalents 31,435 31,435 45,498 45,498
Other non-current assets 499 499 5,820 5,820
Trade receivables 24,209 24,209 16,008 16,008
Other current assets 3,875 3,875 2,993 2,993
Other current liabilities 176 176 104 104
Forward exchange contracts (1,562) (1,562) 2,949 2,949
Trade payables 17,479 17,479 13,901 13,901
Deferred and current liabilities 15,794 15,794 15,666 15,666
Deferred revenues 730 730 1,845 1,845
Current tax liabilities 1,404 1,404 83 83
Convertible bonds 3 3 3 3
Gains/losses not recognised 0 0

Estimation of fair values

The following summarises the major methods and assumptions used in estimating the fair values of financial instruments reflected in the table.

Derivatives

The fair value of forward exchange contracts is estimated on the basis of listed market prices.

Convertible bonds

The fair value is based on quoted market prices, if available.

Trade receivables/payables

For trade receivables/payables due within less than one year, the fair value is to reflect the face value. All other receivables/payables are discounted to determine the fair value.

28. Operating leases

Leases as lessee

Non-cancellable operating lease rentals are payable as follows:

in EUR thousands 2005 2004
within less than one year 1,898 655
beween one and five years 6,901 1,444
after more than five years 3,430 1,179
12,229 3,278

The Company leases certain office and plant facilities, office furniture and motor vehicles under various operating leases. Regarding most of the lease commitments for office and plant facilities the Company has options to renew the leasing contracts. The leases typically run for a period between one to 15 years. None of the leases includes contingent rentals.

29. Capital commitments

As of December 31, 2005, the Company had entered into purchase commitments with suppliers in the amount of kEUR 10,745 (last year: kEUR 7,761) for purchases within the next 12 months. Commitments for capital expenditures at December 31, 2005 are kEUR 0 (last year: kEUR 0) as of December 31, 2005

30. Contingencies

The Company is involved in various legal proceedings or can be exposed to a threat of legal proceedings in the normal course of business. The Executive Board regularly analyses these matters, considering any possibilities of avoiding legal proceedings or of covering potential damages under insurance contracts and therefore recognised, where required, provisions. The Company grants to individual customers advance payment guarantees generally existing only for a limited period of time and reflecting normal business conduct. It is not expected that such matters will have a material effect on the Company's net assets, results of operations and financial position.

31. Related parties

Identity of related parties

Related parties of the Company are subsidiaries, directors, executive officers and members of the Supervisory Board.

Remuneration of Executive Board and of Supervisory Board

The remuneration of the Supervisory and Executive Boards is as follows:

in EUR thousands Paul Kent
Hyland
Christopher
Charles
Dodson*
Stephen
Duane
Perry
Dr. Bernd
Schulte
Timothy
McEntee
Wolfgang
Breme
Dr. William
W. R. Elder
Consoli
dated
total
Fixed remuneration 353 304 62 293 57 196 153 1,418
Variable remueration 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Remuneration based on
long term incentives
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Remuneration of
Executive Board total
353 304 62 293 57 196 153 1,418

* The remuneration paid to Mr. Dodson in the financial year 2005 includes both the monthly salary and a compensation, (kEUR 220).

in EUR thousands Kim
Schindel-
hauer
Dr. Holger
Jürgensen
Prof. Dr.
Wolfgang
Blättchen
Karl-
Hermann
Kuklies
Prof. Dr.
Rüdiger
von Rosen
Joachim
Simmroß
Consoli
dated
total
Fixed remuneration 54 27 18 18 18 18 153
Variable remuneration 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Attendance fee 3 3 6 0 0 3 15
Remuneration of Supervisory Board 57 30 24 18 18 21 168
Total remuneration of executive bodies 1,586

Members of the Executive Board participate in the Company's share option plan. In the financial year 2005, share options were neither issued to the Executive Board nor were options exercised by the board (see note 23).

Remuneration of the Executive Board is included in "personnel expenses" (see note 8), remuneration of the Supervisory Board is included in "other operating expenses" (see note 7).

32. Company entities

Die AIXTRON AG controls the following subsidiaries:

Country Percentage
holding
2005 2004
AIXTRON Inc. USA 100 100
Thomas Swan Scientific Equipment Ltd. (TSSE Ltd.) UK 100 100
AIXTRON chu-sik-hoe-sa (AIXTRON cshs) South Corea 100 100
AIXTRON Taiwan Co. Ltd. (AIXTRON Taiwan) Taiwan 100 100
Dotron GmbH Germany 100 100
Epigress AB Sweden 100 100
AIXTRON Kabushiki Kaisha, (AIXTRON KK) Japan 100 100
Genus, Inc. USA 100 0
Genus-Japan, Inc. Japan 100 0
Genus Europa Ltd. UK 100 0
Genus GmbH Germany 100 0
Genus Korea cshs Corea 100 0
Genus srl Italy 100 0
Genus trust USA 0* 0

* Shares deemed to be beneficial ownership, as control exists due to the trust relationship with AIXTRON AG (see note 20).

33. Events after the balance sheet date

There is no information of any events after the balance sheet which would result in a different assessment of the Company's net assets, results of operation and financial position.

34. Fees for auditor

Fees expensed in the income statement for the services of the group auditor Deloitte & Touche are as follows:

in EUR thousands
for audit 2005 784
for audit 2004 and audit of the Genus opening balance sheet 369
for other confirmation and valuation services 29
for tax advisory services 66
for other services 24
1,272

Included in the total amount of fees are fees for Deloitte & Touche GmbH, Wirtschaftsprüfungsgesellschaft, Hannover in the amount of kEUR 495 for audit 2005, kEUR 5 for other confirmation and valuation services, kEUR 15 for tax services and kEUR 8 for other services.

35. Manpower

Compared to last year, the average number of employees during the current year was as follows:

2005 2004
Sale and service 163 103
Research & development 188 147
Production 129 109
Administration 88 57
568 416

36. Additional information about the cash flow statement

(i) Investing activity

In return for the sale of a production plant, intangible assets of kEUR 3,701 were acquired.

Additional costs of kEUR 5,775 already incurred last year in connection with the acquisition of Genus were shown as other non-current assets and were therefore included in cash inflows/outflows from operating activities. In the current business year 2005, further purchase-related costs of kEUR 3,628 were capitalised. These are recognised in cash inflows/outflows from investing activities.

The item "investments in property, plant and equipment" includes government grants of kEUR 422. Such grants were accounted for as a reduction of cost. Furthermore, grants of kEUR 648 were treated as an accrued receivable and recorded in the line item "investment in property, plant and equipment" as a transaction not affecting cash.

(ii) Financing activity

The liabilities from convertible bonds assumed as part of the acquisition of Genus, Inc. were fully settled in the business year 2005 by issuing equity instruments (ADS) (see note 26). In this context, no payments were required.

37. Report on declaration relating to German Corporate Governance Code in accordance with Section 161 AktG

The Executive and Supervisory Boards have rendered the declaration of compliance in accordance with Section 161 of AktG and made this permanently available to shareholders on the Company's web site www.AIXTRON.com.

38. Explanation of transition to IFRS

As stated in note 1, these are the Company's first consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with IFRS by applying IFRS 1.

The accounting policies set out in note 1 have been applied in preparing the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2005, the comparative information presented in these financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2004 and in the preparation of an opening IFRS balance sheet as of January 1, 2004 (the Company's date of transition).

In preparing its opening IFRS balance sheet, the Company has adjusted amounts reported previously in financial statements prepared in accordance with its old basis of accounting (US GAAP). An explanation of how the transition from US GAAP to IFRS has affected the Company's net assets, results of operations and financial position is given in the following tables and notes.

Reconciliation of equity

January 1, 2004
in EUR thousands US-GAAP Effects from
transition to IFRS
IFRS
Assets
Property, plant and equipment 43,300 (4,938) 38,362
Goodwill 12,957 0 12,957
Other intangible assets 4,558 0 4,558
Investment property 0 4,938 4,938
Other non-current assets 346 0 346
Deferred tax assets 7,580 (58) 7,522
Total non-current assets 68,741 (58) 68,683
Inventories 33,011 0 33,011
Trade receivables 9,495 0 9,495
Curernt tax assets 1,502 0 1,502
Other current assets 5,660 0 5,660
Cash and cash equivalents 45,303 0 45,303
Total current assets 94,971 0 94,971
Total assets 163,712 (58) 163,654
Shareholders' equity and liabilities
Subscribed capital 64,832 0 64,832
Additional paid-in capital 27,584 178 27,762
Retained earnings 36,651 (126) 36,525
Other comprehensive income (775) 0 (775)
Equity attributable to the shareholders
of the parent company
0 159 159
Total shareholders' equity 128,292 211 128,503
Minority interests 159 (159) 0
Liabilities
Provisions for pensions 784 (110) 674
Other non-current liabilities 152 0 152
Total non-current liabilities 936 (110) 826
Trade payables 11,744 0 11,744
Advance payments from customers 13,097 0 13,097
Other current accruals and provisions 4,058 0 4,058
Other current liabilities 2,335 0 2,335
Current tax liabilities 0 0 0
Convertible bonds 3 0 3
Deferred revenues 3,088 0 3,088
Total current liabilities 34,325 0 34,325
Total liabilities 35,261 (110) 35,151
Total shareholders' equity and liabilities 163,712 (58) 163,654
December 31, 2004
US-GAAP Effects from
transition to IFRS
IFRS
Assets
Property, plant and equipment 41,598 (4,528) 37,070
Goodwill 13,633 0 13,633
Other intangible assets 4,295 0 4,295
Investment property 0 4,908 4,908
Other non-current assets 5,820 0 5,820
Deferred tax assets 6,922 (1,100) 5,822
Total non-current assets 72,268 (720) 71,548
Inventories 35,101 2,175 37,276
Trade receivables 16,008 0 16,008
Curernt tax assets 63 0 63
Other current assets 5,942 0 5,942
Cash and cash equivalents 45,498 0 45,498
Total current assets 102,612 2,175 104,787
Total assets 174,880 1,455 176,335
Shareholders' equity and liabilities
Subscribed capital 64,832 0 64,832
Additional paid-in capital 27,647 1,156 28,803
Retained earnings 43,797 407 44,204
Other comprehensive income (872) 0 (872)
Equity attributable to the shareholders
of the parent company
0
Total shareholders' equity 135,404 1,563 136,967
Minority interests 0 0 0
Liabilities
Provisions for pensions 811 (108) 703
Other non-current liabilities 104 0 104
Total non-current liabilities 915 (108) 807
Trade payables 13,901 0 13,901
Advance payments from customers 13,529 0 13,529
Other current accruals and provisions 7,063 0 7,063
Other current liabilities 2,137 0 2,137
Current tax liabilities 83 0 83
Convertible bonds 3 0 3
Deferred revenues 1,845 0 1,845
Total current liabilities 38,561 0 38,561
Total liabilities 39,476 (108) 39,368
Total shareholders' equity and liabilities 174,880 1,455 176,335

Notes to the reconciliation of equity

The effect of the change to IFRS on the consolidated equity is as follows:

in EUR thousands January 1, 2004 December 31, 2004
Consolidated capital under US-GAAP 128,292 135,404
a) Property, plant and equipment 0 380
a) Inventories 0 2,175
b) Provisions for pensions - employee benefits 110 108
c) Share-based payments 0 0
d) Increase in deferred tax liabilities (58) (1,100)
e) Reclassification shares of other shareholders 159 0
Consolidated equity under IFRS 128,503 136,967

The adjustment effects are attributable to the following differences in accounting policies between US-GAAP and IFRS:

  • (a) When the circumstances that previously caused inventories to be written down below cost no longer exist or when there is clear evidence of an increase in net realisable value because of changed economic circumstances, the amount of the write-down is reversed (i.e. the reversal is limited to the amount of the original write-down) so that the new carrying amount is the lower of the cost and the revised net realisable value. Under previous GAAP, any reversal of impairment is prohibited. Under IFRS, there was therefore a reversal of impairment loss for items of property, plant and equipment, amounting to kEUR 380 and a reversal of a write-down on inventories, amounting to kEUR 2,175, as of December 31, 2004.
  • (b) Under previous GAAP, the Company elected to use a "corridor" approach that left some actuarial gains and losses unrecognized. In accordance with IFRS 1.20, AIXTRON as a first-time adopter elected to recognise all cumulative actuarial gains and losses at the date of the transition to IFRS (January 1, 2004), even if it plans to use the corridor approach under IAS 19 with respect to later actuarial gains and losses. The gains recognised as of January 1, 2004 were kEUR 110.

(c) The Company applied IFRS 2 to its existing share-based payment transactions at January 1, 2004 (the Company's date of transition to IFRS). Under IFRS 2.53 the standard must be applied to all share-based payments granted since November 7, 2002. The fair value of such share-based payment transactions is calculated in applying the binomial lattice model and is spread, as expense, over the periods of non-negotiability as fixed under the share option plans.

Under the accounting standards applied in the past (APB No. 25), these share-based payments transactions were accounted for at intrinsic value.

As the share-based payment transactions were accounted for at the fair value as defined in IFRS 2, an amount of kEUR 178 was recorded in the capital reserve while there was a decrease in the consolidated profit.

(d) The tax expenses resulting from the above changes had the effect that there was a decrease in deferred tax assets in the group. At a tax rate of 39.28%, the decrease was kEUR 58 as of January 1, 2004 and kEUR 1,100 as of December 31, 2004.

Under IFRS, minority interests must be shown as a component of the consolidated equity. Under accounting standards applied in the past (US-GAAP), the minority interests were shown on the face of the balance sheet after equity and before liabilities. As of January 1, 2004, there were minority interests of kEUR 159 which had to be reclassified on this basis.

in EUR thousands January 1, 2004 December 31, 2004
Consolidated profit under US-GAAP 36,651 43,797
a) Property, plant and equipment 0 380
a) Inventories 0 2,175
b) Provisions for pensions - employee benefits 110 108
c) Share-based payments (178) (1,156)
d) Increase in deferred tax liabilities (58) (1,100)
36,525 44,204

The effect of the above adjustments on the consolidated profit is as follows:

Reconciliation of profit for 2004

in EUR thousands US-GAAP Effects from
transition
to IFRS
IFRS
Revenues 140,004 0 140,004
Manufacturing cost 89,957 (2,353) 87,604
Gross result 50,047 2,353 52,400
Selling expenses 17,931 366 18,297
General administrative expenses 13,088 152 13,240
Research & development costs 20,149 258 20,407
Other operating income 9,939 0 9,939
Other operating expense 721 0 721
Operating result 8,097 1,577 9,674
Interest income 786 0 786
Interest expense 2 0 2
Net interest 784 0 784
Income before taxes 8,881 1,577 10,458
Taxes on income 1,787 1,042 2,829
loss (after taxes) attributable to minority shareholders (52) 0 (52)
Net income for the year (after taxes) 7,146 535 7,681
Basic earnings per share (EUR) 0.11 0.12
Diluted earnings per share (EUR) 0.11 0.12

Weighted average number of shares 2004 which was taken as a basis for the calculation.

Basic 64,831,512 64,831,512
Diluted 64,856,952 65,165,246

Presentation of material adjustments to the cash flow statement for 2004

There are no material differences between the cash flow statement presented under IFRS and the cash flow statement presented under previous GAAP (US-GAAP).

39. Supervisory and Executive Boards

Composition of the Supervisory Board as of December 31, 2005:

  • Dipl.-Kfm. Kim Schindelhauer, Aachen, businessman (Chairman of the Supervisory Board since 2002)
    • Membership in Supervisory Boards and controlling bodies:
      • MEDION AG, Essen member of the Supervisory Board –
      • Deutsches Aktieninstitut e.V., Frankfurt/Main member of the Executive Board –
  • Dr. Holger Jürgensen, Aachen, physicist (Deputy Chairman of the Supervisory Board since 2002)
  • Prof. Dr. Rüdiger von Rosen, Frankfurt/Main, businessman, Deutsches Aktieninstitut e.V., Frankfurt/Main, Managing member of the Executive Board (member of the Supervisory Board since 2002)
    • Membership in Supervisory Boards and other controlling bodies:
      • PriceWaterhouseCoopers AG, Frankfurt/Main member of the Supervisory Board –
  • Dipl.-Kfm. Joachim Simmroß, Hannover, businessman (member of the Supervisory Board since 1997)
    • Membership in Supervisory Boards and controlling bodies:
      • technotrans AG, Sassenberg Chairman of the Supervisory Board –
      • WeHaCo Unternehmensbeteiligungs-Aktiengesellschaft, Hannover member of the Supervisory Board –
      • BAG BiologischeAnalysensystem GmbH, Lich member of the Advisory Board –
      • MTS Mikrowellen Technologie und Sensoren GmbH, Ottobrunn member of the Advisory Board –
      • KAPPA opto-electronics GmbH, Gleichen member of the Advisory Board –
      • Commerz Unternehmensbeteiligungs-Aktiengesellschaft, Frankfurt/Main member of the Supervisory Board –
      • GBK Beteiligungen AG, Hamburg member of the Supervisory Board –
      • HANNOVER Finanz GmbH, Hannover member of the Advisory Board –
  • Karl-Hermann Kuklies, Duisburg, businessman (member of the Supervisory Board since 1997)
  • Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Blättchen, Leonberg, business consultant, Executive Board of Blättchen & Partner AG, Leonberg (member of the Supervisory Board since 1998)
    • Membership in Supervisory Boards and controlling bodies:
      • Marc O'Polo AG, Stephanskirchen Chairman of the Supervisory Board –
      • Horváth AG, Stuttgart Deputy Chairman of the Supervisory Board –
      • Gardena AG, Ulm member of the Supervisory Board –
      • tec2b AG, Plietzhausen Chairman of the Supervisory Board –
      • APCOA Parking AG, Stuttgart member of the Supervisory Board –
      • HAUBROK AG, Düsseldorf Deputy Chairman of the Supervisory Board –
      • Paion AG, Aachen member of the Supervisory Board (until October 2005) –

The following gentlemen are members of the Company's Executive Board:

  • Paul Kent Hyland, Aachen, businessman, President and Chief Executive Officer
  • Christopher Charles Dodson, Aachen, businessman, Chief Financial Officer (until March 31, 2005)
  • Timothy McEntee, Aachen, chemist, Chief Operating Officer, Semiconductor Equipment (until March 31, 2005)
  • Stephen Duane Perry, Aachen, businessman, Chief Operating Officer, Global Service Operations (until March 31, 2005)
  • Dr. Bernd Schulte, Aachen, physician, Chief Operating Officer, Compound Semiconductor Technologies
  • Dipl.-Kfm. Wolfgang Breme, Aachen, businessman, Chief Financial Officer (since April 1, 2005)
  • Dr. William W. R. Elder, Sunnyvale, Chief Operating Officer, Silicon semiconductor Technologies (since July 1, 2005).

Independent Auditor's Report

"We have audited the consolidated financial statements prepared by AIXTRON Aktiengesellschaft, comprising the balance sheet, the income statement, statement of changes in equity, cash flow statement and notes to the consolidated financial statements, together with the group management report for the business year from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2005. The preparation of the consolidated financial statements and the group management report in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as adopted by the EU, and the additional requirements of German commercial law pursuant to § 315a paragraph 1 HGB are the responsibility of the parent company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the consolidated financial statements and on the group management report based on our audit.

We conducted our audit of the consolidated financial statements in accordance with § 317 HGB and German generally accepted standards for the audit of financial statements promulgated by the Institute of Public Auditors in Germany (IDW). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit such that misstatements materially affecting the presentation of the net assets, financial position and result of operations in the consolidated financial statements in accordance with the applicable financial reporting framework and in the group management report are detected with reasonable assurance. Knowledge of the business activities and the economic and legal environment of the Group and expectations as to possible misstatements are taken into account in the determination of audit procedures. The effectiveness of the accounting-related internal control system and the evidence supporting the disclosures in the consolidated financial statements and the group management report are examined primarily on a test basis within the framework of the audit. The audit includes assessing the annual financial statements of those entities included in consolidation, the determination of entities to be included in consolidation, the accounting and consolidation principles used and significant estimates made by the management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements and the group management report. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Our audit has not led to any reservations.

In our opinion, based on the findings of our audit, the consolidated financial statements comply with IFRS as adopted by the EU, the additional requirements of German commercial law pursuant to § 315a paragraph 1 HGB and give a true and fair view of net assets, financial position and results of operations of the Group in accordance with these requirements. The group management report is consistent with the consolidated financial statements and as a whole provides a suitable view of the Group's position and suitably presents the opportunities and risks of future development."

Hanover, March 9, 2006

Deloitte & Touche GmbH Wirtschaftsprüfungsgesellschaft

(Plath) (ppa. Willner) German Public Auditor German Public Auditor

Financial Calendar

May 4, 2006: Q1 2006 Results
May 11, 2006: Annual General Meeting
August 3, 2006: Q2 2006 Results
November 2, 2006: Q3 2006 Results

Contact

AIXTRON AG Investor Relations and Corporate Communications Kackertstraße 15–17 D-52072 Aachen, Germany

Phone: +49 (241) 89 09-444
Fax: +49 (241) 89 09-445
e-mail: [email protected]
Internet: www.aixtron.com

Publisher AIXTRON AG, Aachen, Germany

Conception and content AIXTRON AG, Aachen, Germany

Design and production SI Group GmbH Wetzlar, Germany

NOTES

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