All Cosmos Bio-Tech Holding Corporation - Audit Report / Information 2021

All Cosmos Bio-Tech Holding Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Financial Statements for the Years Ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 and Independent Auditors’ Report

INDEPENDENT AUDITORS’ REPORT

The Board of Directors and Shareholders All Cosmos Bio-Tech Holding Corporation

Opinion

We have audited the accompanying consolidated financial statements of All Cosmos Bio-Tech Holding Corporation (the “Company”) and its subsidiaries (collectively referred to as the “Group”), which comprise the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, and the consolidated statements of comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows for the years then ended, and notes to the consolidated financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”).

In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Group as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, and its consolidated financial performance and its consolidated cash flows for the years then ended in accordance with the Regulations Governing the Preparation of Financial Reports by Securities Issuers, and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), International Accounting Standards (IAS), IFRIC Interpretations (IFRIC), and SIC Interpretations (SIC) endorsed and issued into effect by the Financial Supervisory Commission of the Republic of China.

Basis for Opinion

We conducted our audits in accordance with the Regulations Governing Auditing and Attestation of Financial Statements by Certified Public Accountants and auditing standards generally accepted in the Republic of China. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditors’ Responsibilities for the Audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements section of our report. We are independent of the Group in accordance with The Norm of Professional Ethics for Certified Public Accountant of the Republic of China, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

Key Audit Matters

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our audit of the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the consolidated financial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters.

The key audit matters identified in the Group’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021 are stated as follows:

Occurrence of Sales Revenue from Major Customers

The Group’s sales revenue for the year ended December 31, 2021 was NT$1,339,611 thousand, representing 61% of the total sales revenue. The Group’s revenue mainly comes from major customers with transactions that are significant. Sales revenue from some of these major customers increased significantly compared to the previous year. Considering the higher inherent risk in revenue recognition and the potential pressure on management to achieve financial goals, we identified the occurrence of sales revenue from major customers with the abovementioned characteristics as key audit matters.

Refer to Notes 4 (m) and 22 to the consolidated financial statements for details on the accounting policy and relevant disclosures on revenue recognition.

The main audit procedures that we performed in respect of sales revenue from major customers with the abovementioned characteristics included the following:

We obtained an understanding of the Group’s internal control and operating procedures of sales cycle, and we designed the corresponding audit procedures and tested the effectiveness of the internal control associated with the risk mentioned above.
We performed substantive tests on sales revenue, selected samples from general ledger of sales revenue, vouched the records to external supporting documents and verified the occurrence of sales.
We performed analytical procedures, compared the differences in sales revenue, credit terms, and accounts receivable turnover (days) between the current and previous years, and assessed that such changes were reasonable.

Responsibilities of Management and Those Charged with Governance for the Consolidated Financial Statements

Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements in accordance with the Regulations Governing the Preparation of Financial Reports by Securities Issuers, and IFRS, IAS, IFRIC, and SIC endorsed and issued into effect by the Financial Supervisory Commission of the Republic of China, and for such internal control as management determines is necessary to enable the preparation of consolidated financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is responsible for assessing the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless management either intends to liquidate the Group or to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so.

Those charged with governance, including the audit committee, are responsible for overseeing the Group’s financial reporting process.

Auditors’ Responsibilities for the Audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditors’ report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with the auditing standards generally accepted in the Republic of China will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these consolidated financial statements.

As part of an audit in accordance with the auditing standards generally accepted in the Republic of China, we exercise professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. We also:

Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control.
Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Group’s internal control.
Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and related disclosures made by management.
Conclude on the appropriateness of management’s use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditors’ report to the related disclosures in the consolidated financial statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our auditors’ report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Group to cease to continue as a going concern.
Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the consolidated financial statements, including the disclosures, and whether the consolidated financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in a manner that achieves fair presentation.
Obtain sufficient and appropriate audit evidence regarding the financial information of entities or business activities within the Group to express an opinion on the consolidated financial statements. We are responsible for the direction, supervision, and performance of the group audit. We remain solely responsible for our audit opinion.

We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit.

We also provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have complied with relevant ethical requirements regarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related safeguards.

From the matters communicated with those charged with governance, we determine those matters that were of most significance in the audit of the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021 and are therefore the key audit matters. We describe these matters in our auditors’ report unless law or regulation precludes public disclosure about the matter or when, in extremely rare circumstances, we determine that a matter should not be communicated in our report because the adverse consequences of doing so would reasonably be expected to outweigh the public interest benefits of such communication.

The engagement partners on the audits resulting in this independent auditors’ report are Jui-Hsuan Ho and Chiang-Hsun Chen.

Deloitte & Touche Taipei, Taiwan Republic of China March 25, 2022

Notice to Readers

The accompanying consolidated financial statements are intended only to present the consolidated financial position, financial performance and cash flows in accordance with accounting principles and practices generally accepted in the Republic of China and not those of any other jurisdictions. The standards, procedures and practices to audit such consolidated financial statements are those generally applied in the Republic of China.

For the convenience of readers, the independent auditors’ report and the accompanying consolidated financial statements have been translated into English from the original Chinese version prepared and used in the Republic of China. If there is any conflict between the English version and the original Chinese version or any difference in the interpretation of the two versions, the Chinese-language independent auditors’ report and consolidated financial statements shall prevail.

ALL COSMOS BIO-TECH HOLDING CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020 (In Thousands of New Taiwan Dollars)

ASSETS CURRENT ASSETS Cash and cash equivalents (Notes 4 and 6) Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss - current (Notes 4, 7 and 28) Financial assets at amortized cost - current (Notes 4, 8 and 30) Trade receivables, net (Notes 4, 9 and 22) Trade receivables from related parties (Notes 4, 22 and 29) Other receivables (Notes 4 and 9) Other receivables from related parties (Notes 4 and 29) Current tax assets (Notes 4 and 24) Inventories (Notes 4 and 10) Prepayments (Note 17) Other current assets (Note 17) Total current assets NON-CURRENT ASSETS Financial assets at amortized cost - non-current (Notes 4, 8 and 30) Investments accounted for using the equity method (Notes 4 and 12) Property, plant and equipment (Notes 4, 13 and 30) Right-of-use assets (Notes 4, 14 and 30) Goodwill (Notes 4 and 15) Other intangible assets (Notes 4 and 16) Deferred tax assets (Notes 4 and 24) Other non-current assets (Note 17) Total non-current assets TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY CURRENT LIABILITIES Short-term borrowings (Notes 18 and 30) Contract liabilities - current (Notes 4 and 22) Trade payables Trade payables to related parties (Note 29) Other payables (Note 19) Other payables to related parties (Note 29) Current tax liabilities (Notes 4 and 24) Lease liabilities - current (Notes 4 and 14) Current portion of long-term borrowings (Notes 18 and 30) Other current liabilities (Note 19) Total current liabilities NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES Deferred tax liabilities (Notes 4 and 24) Lease liabilities - non-current (Notes 4 and 14) Total non-current liabilities Total liabilities EQUITY ATTRIBUTABLE TO OWNERS OF THE COMPANY (Notes 4 and 21) Share capital Ordinary shares Capital surplus Retained earnings Legal reserve Special reserve Unappropriated earnings Total retained earnings Other equity Total equity attributable to owners of the Company NON-CONTROLLING INTERESTS Total equity TOTAL		2021 Amount % $ 740,439 25 35,967 1 153,727 5 377,568 13 59,026 2 3,793 - 13,466 1 4,189 - 843,673 29 70,066 2 165 - 2,302,079 78 - - 13,536 - 465,064 16 149,494 5 347 - 867 - 6,723 - 31,801 1 667,832 22 $ 2,969,911 100 $ 307,651 11 7,032 - 89,304 3 9,067 - 112,934 4 - - 27,977 1 1,171 - 1,989 - 4,882 - 562,007 19 28,771 1 500 - 29,271 1 591,278 20 640,340 22 781,838 26 175,424 6 397,714 13 523,002 18 1,096,140 37 (527,952) (18) 1,990,366 67 388,267 13 2,378,633 80 $ 2,969,911 100		2020
				Amount % $ 761,806 29 59,766 2 29,321 1 517,434 20 30,400 1 3,838 - 14,708 1 7,750 - 274,264 11 127,565 5 175 - 1,827,027 70 106,670 4 12,717 1 441,878 17 164,173 6 371 - 1,309 - 35,079 1 25,146 1 787,343 30 $ 2,614,370 100 $ 45,944 2 87 - 63,440 3 2,348 - 78,004 3 417 - 17,374 1 2,226 - 5,355 - 6,198 - 221,393 9 29,128 1 671 - 29,799 1 251,192 10 640,340 24 781,838 30 167,204 7 320,320 12 474,522 18 962,046 37 (397,714) (15) 1,986,510 76 376,668 14 2,363,178 90 $ 2,614,370 100

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

ALL COSMOS BIO-TECH HOLDING CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020 (In Thousands of New Taiwan Dollars, Except Earnings Per Share)

OPERATING REVENUE (Notes 4, 22 and 29) Sales OPERATING COSTS (Notes 10, 23 and 29) Cost of goods sold GROSS PROFIT OPERATING EXPENSES (Notes 23 and 29) Selling and marketing expenses General and administrative expenses Research and development expenses Expected credit gain (Notes 9 and 29) Total operating expenses PROFIT FROM OPERATIONS NON-OPERATING INCOME AND EXPENSES (Notes 4, 23 and 29) Interest income Other income Other gains and losses Finance costs Share of profit or loss of associates (Note 12) Total non-operating income and expenses PROFIT BEFORE INCOME TAX INCOME TAX EXPENSE (Notes 4 and 24) NET PROFIT FOR THE YEAR OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (Notes 4, 21 and 24) Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss: Exchange differences on translation to the presentation currency		2021 Amount % $ 2,197,323 100 (1,602,958) (73) 594,365 27 (199,562) (9) (178,217) (8) (3,851) - 60,506 3 (321,124) (14) 273,241 13 9,432 - 13,958 1 27,805 1 (4,537) - 1,686 - 48,344 2 321,585 15 (84,931) (4) 236,654 11 (157,089) (7)		2020
				Amount % $ 1,642,783 100 (1,270,636) (77) 372,147 23 (121,509) (8) (153,014) (9) (2,541) - 7,628 - (269,436) (17) 102,711 6 18,800 1 12,021 1 21,875 1 (4,440) - (1,296) - 46,960 3 149,671 9 (51,503) (3) 98,168 6 (89,204) (6) (Continued)

ALL COSMOS BIO-TECH HOLDING CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020 (In Thousands of New Taiwan Dollars, Except Earnings Per Share)

Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss: Exchange differences on translation of the financial statements of foreign operations Income tax relating to items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss Other comprehensive loss for the year, net of income tax TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR THE YEAR NET PROFIT ATTRIBUTABLE TO: Owners of the Company Non-controlling interests TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO: Owners of the Company Non-controlling interests EARNINGS PER SHARE (Note 25) From continuing operations Basic Diluted		2021 Amount % $ 2,168 - (465) - (155,386) (7) $ 81,268 4 $ 198,128 9 38,526 2 $ 236,654 11 $ 67,890 3 13,378 1 $ 81,268 4 $ 3.09 $ 3.09		2020
				Amount % $ (2,531) - 528 - (91,207) (6) $ 6,961 - $ 82,204 5 15,964 1 $ 98,168 6 $ 4,810 - 2,151 - $ 6,961 - $ 1.28 $ 1.28

		$		$
		$		$
		$		$
		$		$
		$		$

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

(Concluded)

ALL COSMOS BIO-TECH HOLDING CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020 (In Thousands of New Taiwan Dollars)

BALANCE AT JANUARY 1, 2020 Appropriation of 2019 earnings (Note 21) Legal reserve Special reserve Cash dividends distributed by the Company Cash dividends distributed by subsidiaries Net profit for the year ended December 31, 2020 Other comprehensive loss for the year ended December 31, 2020, net of income tax (Note 21) Total comprehensive income (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2020 Changes in non-controlling interests BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2020 Appropriation of 2020 earnings (Note 21) Legal reserve Special reserve Cash dividends distributed by the Company Cash dividends distributed by subsidiaries Net profit for the year ended December 31, 2021 Other comprehensive loss for the year ended December 31, 2021, net of income tax (Note 21) Total comprehensive income (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2021 BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2021	Equity Attributable to Owners of the Company	Equity Attributable to Owners of the Company		Non-controlling Total Interests $ 2,045,734 $ 380,181 - - - - (64,034) - - (11,414) 82,204 15,964 (77,394) (13,813) 4,810 2,151 - 5,750 1,986,510 376,668 - - - - (64,034) - - (1,779) 198,128 38,526 (130,238) (25,148) 67,890 13,378 $ 1,990,366 $ 388,267	Total Equity $ 2,425,915 - - (64,034) (11,414) 98,168 (91,207) 6,961 5,750 2,363,178 - - (64,034) (1,779) 236,654 (155,386) 81,268 $ 2,378,633
	Share Capital Number of Shares (In Thousands) Amount Capital Surplus 64,034 $ 640,340 $ 781,838 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 64,034 640,340 781,838 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 64,034 $ 640,340 $ 781,838	Retained Earnings Unappropriated Legal Reserve Special Reserve Earnings $ 163,635 $ 312,099 $ 468,142 3,569 - (3,569) - 8,221 (8,221) - - (64,034) - - - - - 82,204 - - - - - 82,204 - - - 167,204 320,320 474,522 8,220 - (8,220) - 77,394 (77,394) - - (64,034) - - - - - 198,128 - - - - - 198,128 $ 175,424 $ 397,714 $ 523,002	Other Equity Exchange Differences on Translation of the Financial Statements of Foreign Operations $ (320,320) - - - - - (77,394) (77,394) - (397,714) - - - - - (130,238) (130,238) $ (527,952)
	Number of Shares (In Thousands) 64,034 - - - - - - - - 64,034 - - - - - - - 64,034

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

ALL COSMOS BIO-TECH HOLDING CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020 (In Thousands of New Taiwan Dollars)

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES Income before income tax Adjustments for: Depreciation expense Amortization expense Expected credit loss reversed on trade receivables Net gain on fair value change of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss Finance costs Interest income Share of (profit) loss of associates Loss (gain) on disposal of property, plant and equipment Write-downs of inventories Net unrealized loss on foreign currency exchange Changes in operating assets and liabilities Financial assets mandatorily classified as at fair value through profit or loss Trade receivables Trade receivables from related parties Other receivables Other receivables from related parties Inventories Prepayments Contract liabilities Trade payables Trade payables to related parties Other payables Other current liabilities Cash used in operations Interest received Interest paid Income tax paid Net cash used in operating activities CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES Proceeds from sale of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss Purchase of financial assets at amortized cost Proceeds from sale of financial assets at amortized cost Payments for property, plant and equipment Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment Increase in refundable deposits Decrease in refundable deposits Decrease in other receivables from related parties	2021 $ 321,585 48,084 508 (60,506) (6,104) 4,537 (9,432) (1,686) 116 - 29,616 3,845 171,122 (31,057) (1,569) 15 (598,109) 50,282 7,085 (3,597) 7,006 37,110 (927) (32,076) 10,806 (4,125) (42,248) (67,643) 22,517 (71,526) 44,347 (90,892) 8 (1,729) 2,064 -	2020 $ 149,671 49,244 911 (7,628) (2,643) 4,440 (18,800) 1,296 (151) 908 1,530 117 (228,105) 6,429 3,226 7,263 10,140 (86,913) (1,380) (9,472) 2,457 22,232 (965) (96,193) 19,190 (4,355) (45,520) (126,878) - - 169,488 (30,049) 274 (3,002) - 36 (Continued)

ALL COSMOS BIO-TECH HOLDING CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020 (In Thousands of New Taiwan Dollars)

Payments for intangible assets Increase in prepayment for equipment Net cash (used in) generated from investing activities CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES Proceeds from short-term borrowings Repayments of short-term borrowings Repayments of long-term borrowings Proceeds from guarantee deposits received Increase in other payables to related parties Decrease in other payables to related parties Repayment of the principal portion of lease liabilities Dividends paid to owners of the Company Changes in non-controlling interests Dividends paid to non-controlling interests Net cash generated from (used in) financing activities EFFECTS OF EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES ON THE BALANCE OF CASH HELD IN FOREIGN CURRENCIES NET DECREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT THE BEGINNING OF THE YEAR CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT THE END OF THE YEAR	2021 $ (144) (12,812) (108,167) 726,174 (458,205) (3,073) - - (397) (2,587) (64,034) - (1,779) 196,099 (41,656) (21,367) 761,806 $ 740,439	2020 $ (228) (4,911) 131,608 45,598 (8,865) (14,939) 3,927 412 - (2,531) (64,034) 5,750 (11,414) (46,096) (34,418) (75,784) 837,590 $ 761,806

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

(Concluded)

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020 (In Thousands of New Taiwan Dollars, Unless Stated Otherwise)

ALL COSMOS BIO-TECH HOLDING CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

1. GENERAL INFORMATION

All Cosmos Bio-Tech Holding Corporation (the “Company”) is a limited company incorporated in the Cayman Islands on March 26, 2010. The Company and its subsidiaries (collectively referred to as the “Group”) have reorganized in order to list the Company’s shares on the Taiwan Stock Exchange. On June 1, 2010, the Company issued new shares for 100% equity interest in All Cosmos Industries Sdn. Bhd. and completed the Group’s investment process. The major operation activities of the Group are production and sales of Bio-organic and Bio-chemical compound fertilizers.

The Company’s shares have been listed on the Taiwan Stock Exchange since June 2017.

The functional currency of the Company is Malaysian Ringgit. For greater comparability and consistency of financial reporting, the consolidated financial statements are presented in New Taiwan dollars since the Company’s shares are listed on the Taiwan Stock Exchange.

2. APPROVAL OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The consolidated financial statements were approved by the Company’s board of directors on March 25, 2022.

3. APPLICATION OF NEW, AMENDED AND REVISED STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS

a. Initial application of the amendments to the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), International Accounting Standards (IAS), IFRIC Interpretations (IFRIC), and SIC Interpretations (SIC) (collectively, the “IFRSs”) endorsed and issued into effect by the Financial Supervisory Commission of the Republic of China (FSC)

The initial application of the IFRSs endorsed and issued into effect by the FSC did not have material impact on the Company’s accounting policies.

b. The IFRSs endorsed by the FSC for application starting from 2022

New IFRSs “Annual Improvements to IFRS Standards 2018-2020” Amendments to IFRS 3 “Reference to the Conceptual Framework” Amendments to IAS 16 “Property, Plant and Equipment - Proceeds before Intended Use” Amendments to IAS 37 “Onerous Contracts - Cost of Fulfilling a Contract”	Effective Date Announced by IASB
	January 1, 2022 (Note 1) January 1, 2022 (Note 2) January 1, 2022 (Note 3) January 1, 2022 (Note 4)

Note 1: The amendments to IFRS 9 will be applied prospectively to modifications and exchanges of financial liabilities that occur on or after the annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2022. The amendments to IAS 41 “Agriculture” will be applied prospectively to the fair value measurements on or after the annual reporting periods beginning on or after
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January 1, 2022. The amendments to IFRS 1 “First-time Adoptions of IFRSs” will be applied retrospectively for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2022.

Note 2: The amendments are applicable to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the annual reporting period beginning on or after January 1, 2022.
Note 3: The amendments are applicable to property, plant and equipment that are brought to the location and condition necessary for them to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management on or after January 1, 2021.
Note 4: The amendments are applicable to contracts for which the entity has not yet fulfilled all its obligations on January 1, 2022.

As of the date the consolidated financial statements were authorized for issue, the Group has assessed that the application of other standards and interpretations will not have a material impact on the Group’s financial position and financial performance.

c. New IFRSs in issue but not yet endorsed and issued into effect by the FSC

New IFRSs Amendments to IFRS 10 and IAS 28 “Sale or Contribution of Assets between an Investor and its Associate or Joint Venture” IFRS 17 “Insurance Contracts” Amendments to IFRS 17 Amendments to IFRS 17 “Initial Application of IFRS 9 and IFRS 17 - Comparative Information” Amendments to IAS 1 “Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-current” Amendments to IAS 1 “Disclosure of Accounting Policies” Amendments to IAS 8 “Definition of Accounting Estimates” Amendments to IAS 12 “Deferred Tax related to Assets and Liabilities arising from a Single Transaction”	Effective Date Announced by IASB (Note 1)
	To be determined by IASB January 1, 2023 January 1, 2023 January 1, 2023 January 1, 2023 January 1, 2023 (Note 2) January 1, 2023 (Note 3) January 1, 2023 (Note 4)

New IFRSs
Amendments to IFRS 10 and IAS 28 “Sale or Contribution of Assets
between an Investor and its Associate or Joint Venture”

IFRS 17 “Insurance Contracts”

Amendments to IFRS 17

Amendments to IFRS 17 “Initial Application of IFRS 9 and IFRS 17 -
Comparative Information”

Amendments to IAS 1 “Classification of Liabilities as Current or
Non-current”

Amendments to IAS 1 “Disclosure of Accounting Policies”

Amendments to IAS 8 “Definition of Accounting Estimates”

Amendments to IAS 12 “Deferred Tax related to Assets and
Liabilities arising from a Single Transaction”

Effective Date
Announced by IASB (Note 1)

To be determined by IASB
January 1, 2023
January 1, 2023
January 1, 2023
January 1, 2023
January 1, 2023 (Note 2)
January 1, 2023 (Note 3)
January 1, 2023 (Note 4)

Note 1: Unless stated otherwise, the above New IFRSs are effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after their respective effective dates.
Note 2: The amendments will be applied prospectively for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2023.
Note 3: The amendments are applicable to changes in accounting estimates and changes in accounting policies that occur on or after the beginning of the annual reporting period beginning on or after January 1, 2023.
Note 4: Except for deferred taxes that will be recognized on January 1, 2022 for temporary differences associated with leases and decommissioning obligations, the amendments will be applied prospectively to transactions that occur on or after January 1, 2022.

As of the date the consolidated financial statements were authorized for issue, the Group is continuously assessing the possible impact of the application of other standards and interpretations on the Group’s financial position and financial performance and will disclose the relevant impact when the assessment is completed.

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4. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

For the convenience of readers, the accompanying consolidated financial statements have been translated into English from the original Chinese version prepared and used in the Republic of China. If there is any conflict between the English version and the original Chinese version or any difference in the interpretation of the two versions, the Chinese-language consolidated financial statements shall prevail.

a. Statement of compliance

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Regulations Governing the Preparation of Financial Reports by Securities Issuer and IFRSs as endorsed and issued into effect by the FSC.

b. Basis of preparation

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis except for financial instruments which are measured at fair value.

The fair value measurements, which are grouped into Levels 1 to 3 based on the degree to which the fair value measurement inputs are observable and based on the significance of the inputs to the fair value measurement in its entirety, are described as follows:

1) Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;
2) Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for an asset or liability, either directly (i.e., as prices) or indirectly (i.e., derived from prices); and
3) Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for an asset or liability.
c. Classification of current and non-current assets and liabilities

Current assets include:

1) Assets held primarily for the purpose of trading;
2) Assets expected to be realized within 12 months after the reporting period; and
3) Cash and cash equivalents unless the asset is restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least 12 months after the reporting period.

Current liabilities include:

1) Liabilities held primarily for the purpose of trading;
2) Liabilities due to be settled within 12 months after the reporting period; and
3) Liabilities for which the Group does not have an unconditional right to defer settlement for at least 12 months after the reporting period.

Assets and liabilities that are not classified as current are classified as non-current.

d. Basis of consolidation

The consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial statements of the Company and the entities controlled by the Company (i.e., its subsidiaries).

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Income and expenses of subsidiaries acquired or disposed of during the period are included in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income from the effective dates of acquisitions up to the effective dates of disposals, as appropriate.

When necessary, adjustments are made to the financial statements of subsidiaries to bring their accounting policies into line with those of the Group.

All intra-group transactions, balances, income and expenses are eliminated in full upon consolidation. Total comprehensive income of subsidiaries is attributed to the owners of the Company and to the non-controlling interests even if this results in the non-controlling interests having a deficit balance.

Refer to Note 11 and Table 6 for detailed information on subsidiaries (including percentages of ownership and main businesses).

e. Foreign currencies

In preparing the financial statements of each individual entity, transactions in currencies other than the entity’s functional currency (i.e., foreign currencies) are recognized at the rates of exchange prevailing at the dates of the transactions.

At the end of each reporting period, monetary items denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at that date. Exchange differences on monetary items arising from settlement or translation are recognized in profit or loss in the period in which they arise.

Non-monetary item denominated in a foreign currency and measured at historical cost is stated at the reporting currency as originally translated from the foreign currency.

For the purpose of presenting financial statements, the financial statements of the Company and its foreign operations (including subsidiaries) that are prepared using functional currencies which are different from the currency of the Company are translated into the presentation currency, the New Taiwan dollar, as follows: Assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rates prevailing at the end of the reporting period; and income and expense items are translated at the average exchange rates for the period. The resulting currency translation differences are recognized in other comprehensive income (attributed to the owners of the Company and non-controlling interests as appropriate). The exchange differences accumulated in equity, which resulted from the translation of the assets and liabilities of the entities in the Group from functional currencies to the presentation currency, are not subsequently reclassified to profit or loss.

f. Inventories

Inventories consist of raw materials, merchandise, finished goods and work in progress and are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Inventory write-downs are made by item, except where it may be appropriate to group similar or related items. The net realizable value is the estimated selling price of inventories less all estimated costs of completion and costs necessary to make the sale. Inventories are recorded at the standard cost and adjusted thereafter to weighted-average cost on the balance sheet date.

g. Investments in associates

An associate is an entity over which the Group has significant influence and which is neither a subsidiary nor an interest in a joint venture. The Group uses the equity method to account for its investments in associates.

Under the equity method, investments in an associate are initially recognized at cost and adjusted thereafter to recognize the Group’s share of the profit or loss and other comprehensive income of the associate.

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When the Group’s share of losses of an associate equals or exceeds its interest in that associate (which includes any carrying amount of the investment accounted for using the equity method and long-term interests that, in substance, form part of the Group’s net investment in the associate), the Group discontinues recognizing its share of further losses, if any. Additional losses and liabilities are recognized only to the extent that the Group has incurred legal obligations, or constructive obligations, or made payments on behalf of that associate.

The entire carrying amount of an investment (including goodwill) is tested for impairment as a single asset by comparing its recoverable amount with its carrying amount. Any impairment loss recognized is not allocated to any asset, including goodwill that forms part of the carrying amount of the investment. Any reversal of that impairment loss is recognized to the extent that the recoverable amount of the investment subsequently increases.

When the Group transacts with its associate, profits and losses resulting from the transactions with the associate are recognized in the Group’s consolidated financial statements only to the extent of interests in the associate that are not related to the Group.

h. Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment are initially measured at cost and subsequently measured at cost less accumulated depreciation.

Property, plant and equipment in the course of construction are measured at cost less any recognized impairment loss. Cost includes professional fees and borrowing costs eligible for capitalization. Such assets are depreciated and classified to the appropriate categories of property, plant and equipment when completed and ready for intended use.

Except for freehold land which is not depreciated, the depreciation of property, plant and equipment is recognized using the straight-line method. Each significant part is depreciated separately. The estimated useful lives, residual values and depreciation methods are reviewed at the end of each reporting period, with the effects of any changes in the estimates accounted for on a prospective basis.

On derecognition of an item of property, plant and equipment, the difference between the sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset is recognized in profit or loss.

i. Goodwill

Goodwill arising from the acquisition of a business is measured at cost as established at the date of acquisition of the business less accumulated impairment loss.

For the purposes of impairment testing, goodwill is allocated to each of the Group’s cash-generating units or groups of cash-generating units (referred to as “cash-generating units”) that are expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination.

A cash-generating unit to which goodwill has been allocated is tested for impairment annually or more frequently whenever there is an indication that the unit may be impaired, by comparing its carrying amount, including the attributed goodwill, with its recoverable amount. However, if the goodwill allocated to a cash-generating unit was acquired in a business combination during the current annual period, that unit shall be tested for impairment before the end of the current annual period. If the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit is less than its carrying amount, the impairment loss is allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to the unit and then pro rata to the other assets of the unit based on the carrying amount of each asset in the unit. Any impairment loss is recognized directly in profit or loss. Any impairment loss recognized on goodwill is not reversed in subsequent periods.

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j. Intangible assets

1) Intangible assets acquired separately

Intangible assets with finite useful lives that are acquired separately are initially measured at cost and subsequently measured at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment loss. Amortization is recognized on a straight-line basis. The estimated useful life, residual value, and amortization methods are reviewed at the end of each reporting period, with the effect of any changes in estimate accounted for on a prospective basis. Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives that are acquired separately are measured at cost less accumulated impairment loss.

2) Derecognition of intangible assets

On derecognition of an intangible asset, the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset is recognized in profit or loss.

k. Impairment of property, plant and equipment, right-of-use asset and intangible assets other than goodwill

At the end of each reporting period, the Group reviews the carrying amounts of its property, plant and equipment, right-of-use asset and intangible assets, excluding goodwill, to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss. When it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset, the Group estimates the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs.

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives and intangible assets not yet available for use are tested for impairment at least annually and whenever there is an indication that the assets may be impaired.

The recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs to sell and value in use. If the recoverable amount of an asset or cash-generating unit is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset or cash-generating unit is reduced to its recoverable amount, with the resulting impairment loss recognized in profit or loss.

When an impairment loss is subsequently reversed, the carrying amount of the corresponding asset or cash-generating unit is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, but only to the extent of the carrying amount that would have been determined had no impairment loss been recognized on the asset or cash-generating unit in prior years. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognized in profit or loss.

l. Financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognized when the Group becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments.

Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issuance of financial assets and financial liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss) are added to or deducted from the fair value of the financial assets or financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial recognition. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss (i.e., FVTPL) are recognized immediately in profit or loss.

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1) Financial assets

All regular way purchases or sales of financial assets are recognized and derecognized on a trade date basis.

a) Measurement categories

Financial assets are classified into the following categories: Financial assets at FVTPL and financial assets at amortized cost.

i. Financial assets at FVTPL

Financial assets are classified as at FVTPL when such a financial asset is mandatorily classified as at FVTPL. Financial assets mandatorily classified as at FVTPL include investments in equity instruments which are not designated as at FVTOCI and debt instruments that do not meet the amortized cost criteria or the FVTOCI criteria.

Financial assets at FVTPL are subsequently measured at fair value, and any dividends, interest earned on such financial assets are recognized in other income; any remeasurement gains or losses on such financial assets are recognized in other gains or losses. Fair value is determined in the manner described in Note 28 “Financial Instruments”.

ii. Financial assets at amortized cost

Financial assets that meet the following conditions are subsequently measured at amortized cost:

i) The financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows; and
ii) The contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

Subsequent to initial recognition, financial assets at amortized cost, including cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables at amortized cost and refundable deposits, are measured at amortized cost, which equals the gross carrying amount determined using the effective interest method less any impairment loss. Exchange differences are recognized in profit or loss.

Interest income is calculated by applying the effective interest rate to the gross carrying amount of such a financial asset, except for:

i) Purchased or originated credit-impaired financial assets, for which interest income is calculated by applying the credit-adjusted effective interest rate to the amortized cost of such financial assets; and
ii) Financial assets that are not credit impaired on purchase or origination but have subsequently become credit impaired, for which interest income is calculated by applying the effective interest rate to the amortized cost of such financial assets in subsequent reporting periods.

Cash equivalents include time deposits with original maturities within 3 months from the date of acquisition, which are highly liquid, readily convertible to a known amount of cash and are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value. These cash equivalents are held for the purpose of meeting short-term cash commitments.

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b) Impairment of financial assets

The Group recognizes a loss allowance for expected credit losses (i.e., ECLs) on financial assets at amortized cost (including trade receivables).

The Group always recognizes lifetime ECLs for trade receivables. For all other financial instruments, the Group recognizes lifetime ECLs when there has been a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition. If, on the other hand, the credit risk on a financial instrument has not increased significantly since initial recognition, the Group measures the loss allowance for that financial instrument at an amount equal to 12-month ECLs.

Expected credit losses reflect the weighted average of credit losses with the respective risks of default occurring as the weights. Lifetime ECLs represent the expected credit losses that will result from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial instrument. In contrast, 12-month ECLs represent the portion of lifetime ECLs that is expected to result from default events on a financial instrument that are possible within 12 months after the reporting date.

For internal credit risk management purposes, the Group considers the following situations as indication that a financial asset is in default (without taking into account any collateral held by the Group):

i. Internal or external information show that the debtor is unlikely to pay its creditors.
ii. Financial asset is more than 270 days past due unless the Group has reasonable and corroborative information to support a more lagged default criterion.

The impairment loss of all financial assets is recognized in profit or loss by a reduction in their carrying amounts through a loss allowance account, except for investments in debt instruments that are measured at FVTOCI, for which the loss allowance is recognized in other comprehensive income and the carrying amounts of such financial assets are not reduced.

c) Derecognition of financial assets

The Group derecognizes a financial asset only when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire or when it transfers the financial asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the asset to another party.

On derecognition of a financial asset at amortized cost in its entirety, the difference between the asset’s carrying amount and the sum of the consideration received and receivable is recognized in profit or loss.

2) Financial liabilities

a) Subsequent measurement

All financial liabilities are measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method.

b) Derecognition of financial liabilities

The difference between the carrying amount of a financial liability derecognized and the consideration paid, including any non-cash assets transferred or liabilities assumed, is recognized in profit or loss.

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3) Derivative financial instruments

The Group enters into a variety of derivative financial instruments to manage its exposure to foreign exchange rate risks, including foreign exchange forward contracts.

Derivatives are initially recognized at fair value at the date on which the derivative contracts are entered into and are subsequently remeasured to their fair value at the end of each reporting period. The resulting gain or loss is recognized in profit or loss immediately unless the derivative is designated and effective as a hedging instrument, in which event, the timing of the recognition in profit or loss depends on the nature of the hedging relationship. When the fair value of a derivative financial instrument is positive, the derivative is recognized as a financial asset; when the fair value of a derivative financial instrument is negative, the derivative is recognized as a financial liability.

m. Revenue recognition

The Group identifies contracts with customers, allocates the transaction price to the performance obligations and recognizes revenue when performance obligations are satisfied.

Revenue from the sale of goods

Revenue from the sale of goods comes from sales of Bio-organic and Bio-chemical fertilizers. Sales of fertilizers are recognized as revenue when the goods are delivered and shipped to the customer’s specific location because it is the time when the customer has full discretion over the manner of distribution and price to sell the goods, has the primary responsibility for sales to future customers and bears the risks of obsolescence. Trade receivables are recognized currently. The transaction price received is recognized as a contract liability until the good have been delivered to the customer.

n. Leases

At the inception of a contract, the Group assesses whether the contract is, or contains, a lease.

1) The Group as lessor

Leases are classified as finance leases whenever the terms of a lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to the lessee. All other leases are classified as operating leases.

Lease payments (less any lease incentives payable) from operating leases are recognized as income on a straight-line basis over the terms of the relevant leases.

2) The Group as lessee

The Group recognizes right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for all leases at the commencement date of a lease, except for short-term leases and low-value asset leases accounted for by applying a recognition exemption where lease payments are recognized as expenses on a straight-line basis over the lease terms.

Right-of-use assets are initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial measurement of lease liabilities adjusted for lease payments made at or before the commencement date. Right-of-use assets are subsequently measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and adjusted for any remeasurement of the lease liabilities. Right-of-use assets are presented on a separate line in the consolidated balance sheets.

Right-of-use assets are depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement dates to the earlier of the end of the useful lives of the right-of-use assets or the end of the lease terms.

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Lease liabilities are initially measured at the present value of the lease payments, which comprise fixed payments. The lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in a lease, if that rate can be readily determined. If that rate cannot be readily determined, the lessee’s incremental borrowing rate will be used.

Subsequently, lease liabilities are measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method, with interest expense recognized over the lease terms. Lease liabilities are presented on a separate line in the consolidated balance sheets.

The Group negotiates with the lessor for rent concessions as a direct consequence of the Covid-19 to change the lease payments originally due by June 30, 2022, that results in the revised consideration for the lease substantially less than the consideration for the lease immediately preceding the change. There is no substantive change to other terms and conditions. The Group elects to apply the practical expedient to all of these rent concessions and, therefore, does not assess whether the rent concessions are lease modifications. Instead, the Group recognizes the reduction in lease payment in profit or loss, in the period in which the events or conditions that trigger the concession occur, and makes a corresponding adjustment to the lease liability.

o. Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs directly attributable to an acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets are added to the cost of those assets, until such time as the assets are substantially ready for their intended use or sale.

Investment income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the borrowing costs eligible for capitalization.

Other than that stated above, all other borrowing costs are recognized in profit or loss in the period in which they are incurred.

p. Government grants

Government grants are not recognized until there is reasonable assurance that the Group will comply with the conditions attached to them and that the grants will be received.

Government grants that are receivable as compensation for expenses or losses already incurred or for the purpose of giving immediate financial support to the Group with no future related costs are recognized in profit or loss in the period in which they are received.

q. Employee benefits
1) Short-term employee benefits

Liabilities recognized in respect of short-term employee benefits are measured at the undiscounted amount of the benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the related services.

2) Retirement benefits

Payments to defined contribution retirement benefit plans are recognized as expenses when employees have rendered services entitling them to the contributions.

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r. Taxation

Income tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax.

1) Current tax

Income tax payable (recoverable) is based on taxable profit (loss) for the year determined according to the applicable tax laws of each tax jurisdiction.

Adjustments of prior years’ tax liabilities are added to or deducted from the current year’s tax provision.

2) Deferred tax

Deferred tax is recognized on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit.

Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognized for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are generally recognized for all deductible temporary differences and unused loss carryforwards to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which those deductible temporary differences can be utilized.

Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxable temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries and associates, except where the Group is able to control the reversal of the temporary difference and it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future. Deferred tax assets arising from deductible temporary differences associated with such investments and interests are recognized only to the extent that it is probable that there will be sufficient taxable profits against which to utilize the benefits of the temporary differences and they are expected to reverse in the foreseeable future.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the assets to be recovered. A previously unrecognized deferred tax asset is also reviewed at the end of each reporting period and recognized to the extent that it has become probable that future taxable profit will allow the deferred tax asset to be recovered.

Deferred tax liabilities and assets are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liabilities are settled or the assets are realized, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period. The measurement of deferred tax liabilities and assets reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Group expects, at the end of the reporting period, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.

3) Current and deferred taxes

Current and deferred taxes are recognized in profit or loss, except when they relate to items that are recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case, the current and deferred taxes are also recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, respectively.

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5. CRITICAL ACCOUNTING JUDGMENTS AND KEY SOURCES OF ESTIMATION UNCERTAINTY

In the application of the Group’s accounting policies, management is required to make judgments, estimations, and assumptions on the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

The Group considers the possible impact of the recent development of the COVID-19 in Malaysia and its economic environment implications when making its critical accounting estimates on cash flow projections, growth rate, discount rate, profitability, etc. The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimates are revised if the revisions affect only that period or in the period of the revisions and future periods if the revisions affect both current and future periods.

The Group’s accounting policies, estimates and underlying assumptions have been evaluated by the Group’s management, and there are no significant accounting judgments and estimation uncertainty.

6. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Cash on hand Checking accounts and demand deposits Cash equivalent Time deposits (with original maturities of 3 months or less)		December 31	December 31
		2021 $ 430 596,962 143,047 $ 740,439	2020 $ 475 595,206 166,125 $ 761,806

The market rate intervals of cash in bank at the end of the year were as follows:

Time deposits (with original maturities of 3 months or less)	December 31
	2021 2020 0.12%-2.20% 1.70%-3.20%

7. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH PROFIT OR LOSS

Financial assets at FVTPL-current Financial assets mandatorily classified as at FVTPL Derivative financial assets (not under hedge accounting) Foreign exchange forward contracts Non-derivative financial assets Mutual funds		December	31
		2021 $ 1,244 34,723 $ 35,967	2020 $ - 59,766 $ 59,766

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At the end of the year, outstanding foreign exchange forward contracts not under hedge accounting were as follows:

					Notional Amount
			Currency	Maturity Date	(In Thousands)
December	31,	2021
Buy			USD/MYR	January 14, 2022	USD150/MYR629
			USD/MYR	January 14, 2022	USD300/MYR1,252
			USD/MYR	January 14, 2022	USD300/MYR1,252
			USD/MYR	January 31, 2022	USD250/MYR1,048
			USD/MYR	January 31, 2022	USD250/MYR1,049
			USD/MYR	January 31, 2022	USD300/MYR1,257
			USD/MYR	January 31, 2022	USD300/MYR1,254
			USD/MYR	March 18, 2022	USD200/MYR838
			USD/MYR	March 21, 2022	USD150/MYR628

The Group entered into foreign exchange forward contracts to manage exposures to exchange rate fluctuations of foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities.

8. FINANCIAL ASSETS AT AMORTIZED COST

Current Time deposits with original maturities of more than 3 months Restricted Bank Deposits (a) Non-current Restricted Bank Deposits (a) Market rate intervals Time deposits with original maturities of more than 3 months Restricted Bank Deposits		December 31
	2021 2020 $ 8,620 $ 29,321 145,107 - $ 153,727 $ 29,321 $ - $ 106,670 1.75%-1.85% 2.00%-2.35% 1.30%-2.08% 1.60%-3.00%

a. Refer to Note 30 for information relating to the restricted time deposits and demand deposits pledged as collaterals for borrowings by the Group.
b. The Group continuously tracks external credit rating information and monitors the changes in credit risk of debt investments, and at the same time the Group reviews significant information on debtors, to assess whether credit risk on these debt investments have increased significantly since initial recognition. After the assessment, the Group estimates that there were no expected credit losses on the financial assets at amortized cost.
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9. TRADE RECEIVABLES AND OTHER RECEIVABLES

Trade receivables At amortized cost Gross carrying amount Less: Allowance for impairment loss Other receivables Interest receivables GST refund receivables Others		December 31	December 31
		2021 $ 394,160 (16,592) $ 377,568 $ 757 163 2,873 $ 3,793	2020 $ 598,564 (81,130) $ 517,434 $ 1,837 174 1,827 $ 3,838

a. Trade receivables

The average credit period of sales of goods is 60 to 90 days. No interest is charged on trade receivables. The Group adopted a policy of only dealing with entities that are rated the equivalent of investment grade or higher and obtaining sufficient collateral, where appropriate, as a means of mitigating the risk of financial loss from defaults. The Group uses other publicly available financial information or its own trading records to rate its major customers.

The Group measures the loss allowance for trade receivables at an amount equal to lifetime ECLs. The ECLs on trade receivables are estimated using a provision matrix prepared by reference to the past default experience of the customer and the customer’s current financial position. As the Group’s historical credit loss experience does not show significantly different loss patterns for different customer segments, the provision for loss allowance based on past due status is not further distinguished according to the Group’s different customer base.

The Group writes off a trade receivable when there is evidence indicating that the debtor is in severe financial difficulty and there is no realistic prospect of recovery. For trade receivables that have been written off, the Group continues to engage in enforcement activity to attempt to recover the receivables due. Where recoveries are made, these are recognized in profit or loss.

The following table details the loss allowance of trade receivables based on the Group’s provision matrix.

December 31, 2021

Expected credit loss rate Gross carrying amount Loss allowance (Lifetime ECLs) Amortized cost	Not Past Due 1 to 90 Days Past Due 0.05%- 2.33% 2.09%- 8.04% $ 335,083 $ 39,250 (4,816) (2,526) $ 330,267 $ 36,724	91 to 180 Days Past Due 7.79%- 19.05% $ 8,709 (1,453) $ 7,256	181 to 270 Days Past Due 37.20% $ 5,288 (1,967) $ 3,321	Over 270 Days Past Due 100.00% $ 5,830 (5,830) $ -	Total $ 394,160 (16,592) $ 377,568

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December 31, 2020

Expected credit loss rate Gross carrying amount Loss allowance (Lifetime ECLs) Amortized cost	Not Past Due 1 to 90 Days Past Due 0.07%- 4.10% 0.66%- 10.60% $ 413,549 $ 104,154 (14,591) (10,516) $ 398,958 $ 93,638	91 to 180 Days Past Due 23.89% $ 31,088 (7,427) $ 23,661	181 to 270 Days Past Due 16.67%- 41.38% $ 1,939 (762) $ 1,177	Over 270 Days Past Due 100.00% $ 47,834 (47,834) $ -	Total $ 598,564 (81,130) $ 517,434

The movements of the loss allowance of trade receivables were as follows:

Balance at January 1 Less: Net remeasurement of loss allowance Less: Amounts written off Foreign exchange translation differences Balance at December 31	For the Year Ended December 31	For the Year Ended December 31	For the Year Ended December 31
		2021 $ 81,130 (60,351) - (4,187) $ 16,592	2020 $ 90,242 (5,485) (383) (3,244) $ 81,130

b. Other receivables

Other receivables primarily included interest receivables, GST refund receivables and others. The Group continuously monitors past default experience of the counterparties and analyzes their current financial position. Based on the aforementioned information, the Group then assesses the expected credit loss and considers whether credit risk has significantly increased from the last period to the reporting date. As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Group estimated the expected credit loss of other receivables to be both $0.

10. INVENTORIES

Merchandise Finished goods Work in progress Raw materials Inventory in transit		December 31	December 31
		2021 $ 30,113 62,532 24,557 589,352 137,119 $ 843,673	2020 $ 14,433 24,696 19,566 215,569 - $ 274,264

The cost of inventories recognized as cost of goods sold for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 was $1,602,958 thousand and $1,270,636 thousand, respectively. The cost of goods sold for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 included inventory write-downs of $0 thousand and $908 thousand, respectively.

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11. SUBSIDIARIES

a. Subsidiaries included in the consolidated financial statements

Investor
Investee
Nature of Activities
The Company
All Cosmos Industries Sdn. Bhd. Manufacturing and sales of Bio-organic
and Bio-chemical compound fertilizers
Sabah Softwoods Hybrid
Fertiliser Sdn. Bhd.
Manufacturing and sales of Bio-organic
and Bio-chemical compound fertilizers
PT All Cosmos Indonesia
Sales of Bio-organic and Bio-chemical
compound fertilizers
PT All Cosmos Biotek
Manufacturing and sales of Bio-organic
and Bio-chemical compound fertilizers
GK Bio International Sdn. Bhd.
Wholesale of probiotics
ACI
PT All Cosmos Indonesia
Sales of Bio-organic and Bio-chemical
compound fertilizers
Arif Efektif Sdn. Bhd.
Research and development of effective
microorganisms for Bio-organic and
Bio-chemical compound fertilizers
Kinabalu Life Sciences Sdn. Bhd. Research and development of effective
microorganisms for waste disposal of
oil-palm
Cosmos Biowood Sdn. Bhd.
Forest plantation and research

Proportion of
Ownership (%)
December 31
2021
2020
Remark
100
100
55
55
99
99
83
83
60
60
1
1
49
49
Note 1
60
60
Note 2
80
80

Note 1: The Group and its substantive related party separately hold 49% and 31% interest in Arif Efektif Sdn. Bhd. Their combined holding exceed 50% of the total shares outstanding. Hence, the Group has substantive control over Arif Efektif Sdn. Bhd. and has included it as part of the Group.
Note 2: On February 25, 2020, Kinabalu Life Sciences Sdn. Bhd. issued new shares for cash of MYR2,000 thousand, and the Group and minority shareholders invested NT$8,626 thousand and NT$5,750 thousand, respectively, in proportion to their original shareholdings.
b. Details of subsidiaries that have material non-controlling interests

Name of Subsidiary Sabah Softwoods Hybrid Fertiliser Sdn. Bhd.	Proportion of Ownership and Voting Rights Held by Non-controlling Interests
	December 31
	2021 2020 45% 45%

Refer to Table 6 for the information on the principal places of business and the countries of incorporation.

Profit Allocated to Non-controlling Interests For the Year Ended December 31 2021 2020 $ 14,770 $ 482	Accumulated Non-controlling Interests	Accumulated Non-controlling Interests

	December 31
2021 $ 14,770	2021 $ 315,959	2020 $ 322,657

Summarized financial information of the subsidiary that has material non-controlling interests is set out below. The summarized financial information below represents amounts before intragroup eliminations.

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Sabah Softwoods Hybrid Fertiliser Sdn. Bhd.

Current assets Non-current assets Current liabilities Non-current liabilities Equity Equity attributable to: The Company Non-controlling interests of Sabah Softwoods Hybrid Fertiliser Sdn. Bhd. Revenue Profit for the year Other comprehensive income for the year Total comprehensive income for the year Profit attributable to: The Company Non-controlling interests of Sabah Softwoods Hybrid Fertiliser Sdn. Bhd. Total comprehensive income attributable to: The Company Non-controlling interests of Sabah Softwoods Hybrid Fertiliser Sdn. Bhd. Cash outflow from: Operating activities Investing activities Financing activities Effects of foreign currency exchange Net cash outflow		December 31	December 31
	2021 $ 697,463 229,482 (209,064) (15,749) $ 702,132 $ 386,173 315,959 $ 702,132 For the Year Ended		2020 $ 530,840 263,445 (62,067) (15,203) $ 717,015 $ 394,358 322,657 $ 717,015 December 31
		2021 $ 524,335 $ 32,822 - $ 32,822 $ 18,052 14,770 $ 32,822 $ 18,052 14,770 $ 32,822 $ (99,386) (14,819) 98,099 (19,282) $ (35,388)	2020 $ 310,606 $ 1,072 - $ 1,072 $ 590 482 $ 1,072 $ 590 482 $ 1,072 $ (20,827) (8,781) 4,233 (14,225) $ (39,600)

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12. INVESTMENTS ACCOUNTED FOR USING THE EQUITY METHOD

Investments in Associates

Associate that is not individually material Sawit Ecoshield Sdn. Bhd. The Group’s share of: Total comprehensive income (loss) for the year		December	31
	2021 2020 $ 13,536 $ 12,717 For the Year Ended December 31
		2021 $ 1,686	2020 $ (1,296)

Refer to Table 6 “Information on Investees” for the nature of activities, the principal places of business and the country of incorporation of the associate.

Investments accounted for using the equity method and the share of profit or loss and other comprehensive income of those investments were calculated based on financial statements which have not been audited. Management believes there is no material impact on the equity method accounting or the calculation of the share of profit or loss from the financial statements of Sawit Ecoshield Sdn. Bhd. which has not been audited.

13. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

Assets Used by the Group

Cost Balance at January 1, 2021 Additions Disposals Reclassification (Note) Effects of foreign currency exchange differences Balance at December 31, 2021 Accumulated depreciation Balance at January 1, 2021 Depreciation expense Disposals Reclassification (Note) Effects of foreign currency exchange differences Balance at December 31, 2021 Carrying amount at December 31, 2021	Land $ - 25,964 - - (491) $ 25,473 $ - - - - - $ - $ 25,473	Buildings Machinery and Equipment $ 336,739 $ 353,883 44,080 12,231 - (3,265 ) 507 6,336 (22,956) (23,527) $ 358,370 $ 345,658 $ 63,063 $ 262,679 6,593 27,117 - (3,148 ) - - (4,266) (17,702) $ 65,390 $ 268,946 $ 292,980 $ 76,712	Transpor- tation Equipment $ 18,357 3,155 - 654 (1,272) $ 20,894 $ 13,281 2,184 - 392 (917) $ 14,940 $ 5,954	Furniture, Fixture and Equipment $ 5,433 521 (30 ) 20 (365) $ 5,579 $ 3,152 657 (27 ) - (219) $ 3,563 $ 2,016	Leasehold Improve- ments $ 648 - - - (42) $ 606 $ 379 61 - - (26) $ 414 $ 192	Other Equipment $ 66,696 826 (320 ) - (4,389) $ 62,813 $ 36,518 5,176 (316 ) - (2,489) $ 38,889 $ 23,924	Property under Construction Total $ 39,194 $ 820,950 4,998 91,775 - (3,615 ) (3,783 ) 3,734 (2,596) (55,638) $ 37,813 $ 857,206 $ - $ 379,072 - 41,788 - (3,491 ) - 392 - (25,619) $ - $ 392,142 $ 37,813 $ 465,064 (Continued)

28 -

Cost Balance at January 1, 2020 Additions Disposals Reclassification (Note) Effects of foreign currency exchange differences Balance at December 31, 2020 Accumulated depreciation Balance at January 1, 2020 Depreciation expense Disposals Reclassification (Note) Effects of foreign currency exchange differences Balance at December 31, 2020 Carrying amount at December 31, 2020	Land $ - - - - - $ - $ - - - - - $ - $ -	Buildings Machinery and Equipment $ 344,374 $ 359,899 4,518 5,670 - (794 ) - 1,794 (12,153) (12,686) $ 336,739 $ 353,883 $ 58,702 $ 242,815 6,386 27,761 - (794 ) - 1,256 (2,025) (8,359) $ 63,063 $ 262,679 $ 273,676 $ 91,204	Transpor- tation Equipment $ 14,239 1,608 (1,449 ) 4,424 (465) $ 18,357 $ 8,474 2,089 (1,449 ) 4,424 (257) $ 13,281 $ 5,076	Furniture, Fixture and Equipment $ 5,060 1,149 (600 ) - (176) $ 5,433 $ 3,160 581 (478 ) - (111) $ 3,152 $ 2,281	Leasehold Improve- ments $ 542 124 - - (18) $ 648 $ 337 53 - - (11) $ 379 $ 269	Other Equipment $ 67,662 1,291 (9 ) 135 (2,383) $ 66,696 $ 31,759 5,843 (8 ) - (1,076) $ 36,518 $ 30,178	Property under Construction Total $ 23,518 $ 815,294 16,506 30,866 - (2,852 ) (135 ) 6,218 (695) (28,576) $ 39,194 $ 820,950 $ - $ 345,247 - 42,713 - (2,729 ) - 5,680 - (11,839) $ - $ 379,072 $ 39,194 $ 441,878 (Concluded)

Note: Reclassification from right-of-use assets and prepayment for equipment.

The Group did not recognize or reverse impairment loss in 2021 and 2020.

The above items of property, plant and equipment used by the Group are depreciated on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives as follows:

Buildings Main buildings 33-52 years Others 50 years Machinery and equipment 3-10 years Transportation equipment 5 years Furniture, fixture and equipment 3-10 years Leasehold improvements 3-25 years Other equipment 5-10 years

Property, plant and equipment used by the Group and pledged as collateral for borrowings are set out in Note 30.

29 -

14. LEASE ARRANGEMENTS

a. Right-of-use assets

Carrying amount Land Buildings Transportation equipment Additions to right-of-use assets Depreciation charge for right-of-use assets Land Buildings Machinery and equipment Transportation equipment		December 31	December 31
	2021 $ 147,980 797 717 $ 149,494 For the Year Ended		2020 $ 161,171 2,640 362 $ 164,173 December 31
		2021 $ 1,452 $ 3,779 2,418 - 99 $ 6,296	2020 $ 1,409 $ 3,930 2,330 135 136 $ 6,531

The right of use assets of the Group was not impaired in 2021 and 2020.

b. Lease liabilities

	December	31
	2021 $ 1,171 $ 500 December	2020 $ 2,226 $ 671 31
2021 2020 1.80%-5.84% 1.80%-5.84% 2.96% 4.00% For the Year Ended December 31
	2021 $ 4,335 $ 259 $ (7,273)	2020 $ 2,475 $ 885 $ (6,082)

c. Other lease information

30 -

The Group’s leases of certain worker hostels qualify as short-term leases and leases of certain transportation equipment qualify as low-value asset leases. The Group has elected to apply the recognition exemption and, thus, did not recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for these leases.

Right-of-use assets used by the Group and pledged as collaterals for borrowings are set out in Note 30.

15. GOODWILL

Cost Balance at January 1 Effects of foreign currency exchange differences Balance at December 31 Accumulated impairment losses Balance at January 1 Effects of foreign currency exchange differences Balance at December 31 Carrying amounts at December 31	For the Year Ended December 31	For the Year Ended December 31	For the Year Ended December 31
		2021 $ 5,438 (356) $ 5,082 $ 5,067 (332) $ 4,735 $ 347	2020 $ 5,638 (200) $ 5,438 $ 5,253 (186) $ 5,067 $ 371

The Group acquired Arif Efektif Sdn. Bhd. and recognized goodwill in relation to investment costs over the fair value of the identifiable assets and assumed liabilities on the acquisition date.

16. OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Cost Balance at January 1 Additions Effects of foreign currency exchange differences Balance at December 31 Accumulated amortization Balance at January 1 Amortization expense Effects of foreign currency exchange differences Balance at December 31 Carrying amount at December 31	Computer Software	Computer Software	Computer Software
	For the Year Ended December 31
		2021 $ 5,043 144 (333) $ 4,854 $ 3,734 508 (255) $ 3,987 $ 867	2020 $ 4,990 228 (175) $ 5,043 $ 2,918 911 (95) $ 3,734 $ 1,309

31 -

Computer software is amortized over 5 years on a straight-line basis.

17. OTHER ASSETS

Current Prepayments Prepayments for purchase Office supplies Input tax Others Refundable deposits Non-current Refundable deposits Prepayment for equipment Prepayments		December 31	December 31
		2021 $ 36,913 16,516 9,886 6,751 $ 70,066 $ 165 $ 9,040 14,175 8,586 $ 31,801	2020 $ 99,083 17,635 7,765 3,082 $ 127,565 $ 175 $ 11,004 4,952 9,190 $ 25,146

18. BORROWINGS

a. Short-term borrowings

Secured borrowings (Note 30) Bank loans Unsecured borrowings Line of credit borrowings		December 31	December 31
		2021 $ 265,191 42,460 $ 307,651	2020 $ 45,944 - $ 45,944

The range of interest rates on bank loans is 1.16%-2.10% and 1.43%-1.75% per annum as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

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b. Long-term borrowings

	December	31
$	2021 2020 - $ 3,226 1,989 2,129 - 5,355 (1,989) (5,355) - $ - December 31

$

	2021 $ - - $ -	2020 $ 1,383 1,843 $ 3,226

2) Other borrowing was fixed-rate loan from individuals. The Group extended the maturity date of the borrowing from December 31, 2021 to December 31, 2022, and the effective interest rate decreased from 4% per annum to 3.25% per annum.

19. OTHER LIABILITIES

Current Other payables Payable for salaries and bonuses (including compensation of employees and remuneration of directors) Payable for pension fees Payable for freight Payable for marketing expenses	December 31
	2021 2020 $ 30,922 $ 16,214 3,769 2,327 27,256 18,595 14,545 9,864 (Continued)

33 -

Payable for maintenance Payable for welfare Payable for royalties Payable for professional service fees Payable for purchase of equipment Payable for taxes Payable for utilities Others Other liabilities Deferred revenue - from government grants (Note) Guarantee deposits received		December 31	December 31
		2021 $ 9,949 5,044 4,407 2,715 1,834 1,643 845 10,005 $ 112,934 $ 840 4,042 $ 4,882	2020 $ 5,894 5,434 3,071 2,633 951 2,038 1,994 8,989 $ 78,004 $ 1,872 4,326 $ 6,198 (Concluded)

Note: The Group applied for a research and development grant sponsored by the government of Malaysia. The grant spans over a two-year period and is divided into two payments, $2,715 thousand and $3,556 thousand in 2014 and 2016, respectively. The associated income was recognized proportionally according to the progress of the research and development project.

20. RETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS

The subsidiaries are required to contribute a specified percentage of payroll costs to the retirement benefit scheme to fund the benefits in accordance with local regulation. Except for the abovementioned, the Group does not have any other retirement or pension plans for employees.

21. EQUITY

a. Share capital

Ordinary shares

Shares authorized (in thousands of shares) Shares authorized Shares issued and fully paid (in thousands of shares) Shares issued		December 31	December 31
		2021 600,000 $ 6,000,000 64,034 $ 640,340	2020 600,000 $ 6,000,000 64,034 $ 640,340

Fully paid ordinary shares, which have a par value of $10, carry one vote per share and carry a right to dividends.

34 -

b. Capital surplus

May be used to offset a deficit, distributed as cash dividends, or transferred to share capital (*) Issuance of ordinary shares Exercise of employee share options Forfeited employee share options May not be used for any purpose Others		December 31	December 31
		2021 $ 775,964 2,675 2,862 337 $ 781,838	2020 $ 775,964 2,675 2,862 337 $ 781,838

Such capital surplus may be used to offset a deficit; in addition, when the Company has no deficit, such capital surplus may be distributed as cash dividends or transferred to share capital (limited to a certain percentage of the Company’s capital surplus and to once a year).

c. Retained earnings and dividends policy

Under the dividends policy as set forth in the Articles, where the Company made a profit every six months of the fiscal year, the profit shall be first utilized for paying taxes, offsetting losses of previous years, setting aside as legal reserve 10% of the remaining profit, setting aside or reversing a special reserve in accordance with the laws and regulations, and then any remaining profit together with any undistributed retained earnings shall be used by the Company’s board of directors as the basis for proposing a distribution plan. If the distribution is in the form of shares, it shall be resolved in the shareholders’ meeting; if the distribution is in the form of cash, a special resolution shall be made in the board of directors’ meeting and a report of such distribution shall be submitted in the shareholders’ meeting. For the policies on the distribution of the compensation of employees and remuneration of directors, refer to compensation of employees and remuneration of directors in Note 23 (g).

The Company’s Articles also stipulate that dividends may be distributed in shares or in cash. Cash dividends shall be no less than 50% of the total dividends distributed.

Appropriation of earnings to the legal reserve shall be made until the legal reserve equals the Company’s paid-in capital. The legal reserve may be used to offset deficit. If the Company has no deficit and the legal reserve has exceeded 25% of the Company’s paid-in capital, the excess may be transferred to capital or distributed in cash.

The appropriations of earnings for 2020 and 2019 were as follows:

Legal reserve Special reserve Cash dividends Cash dividends per share (NT$)	Appropriation of Earnings	Appropriation of Earnings	Appropriation of Earnings
	For the Year Ended December 31
		2020 $ 8,220 $ 77,394 $ 64,034 $ 1.00	2019 $ 3,569 $ 8,221 $ 64,034 $ 1.00

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The above appropriations for cash dividends were resolved by the Company’s board of directors on March 26, 2021 and March 24, 2020; the other proposed appropriations for 2020 and 2019 were resolved by the shareholders in their meetings on July 13, 2021 and June 16, 2020, respectively.

On August 27, 2021, the Company’s board of directors resolved not to distribute appropriations of the semi-annual earnings in 2021.

The appropriations of earnings for 2021 which were proposed by the Company’s board of directors on March 25, 2022 were as follows:

	For the Year	For the Year
		Ended
	December 31,
		2021
Legal reserve	$	19,813
Special reserve	$	130,238
Cash dividends	$	96,051
Cash dividends per share (NT$)	$	1.50

The above appropriation for cash dividends has been resolved by the Company’s board of directors; the other proposed appropriations will be resolved by the shareholders in their meeting to be held on June 22, 2022.

d. Special reserve

Balance at January 1 Appropriations in respect of Debits to other equity items Balance at December 31	For the Year Ended	For the Year Ended	December 31
		2021 $ 320,320 77,394 $ 397,714	2020 $ 312,099 8,221 $ 320,320

According to the Articles, special reserve should be appropriated for the amount equal to the difference between net debit balance reserve of other equity items and the balance of special reserve appropriated on the reporting date. Any special reserve appropriated may be reversed to the extent that the net debit balance reverses and is thereafter distributed.

e. Other equity items

Exchange differences on translation of the financial statements of foreign operations

Balance at January 1 Exchange differences on translation to the presentation currency Exchange differences on translation of the financial statements of foreign operations Related income tax Balance at December 31	For the Year Ended	For the Year Ended	December 31
		2021 $ (397,714) (131,711) 1,938 (465) $ (527,952)	2020 $ (320,320) (75,721) (2,201) 528 $ (397,714)

36 -

f. Non-controlling interests

Balance at January 1 Share in profit for the year Other comprehensive income (loss) during the year Exchange differences on translation to the presentation currency Exchange differences on translation of the financial statements of foreign operations Cash dividends distribution Non-controlling interests from issuance of ordinary shares (Note 11) Balance at December 31	For the Year Ended	For the Year Ended	December 31
		2021 $ 376,668 38,526 (25,378) 230 (1,779) - $ 388,267	2020 $ 380,181 15,964 (13,483) (330) (11,414) 5,750 $ 376,668

22. REVENUE

Revenue from the sale of goods	For the Year Ended December 31	For the Year Ended December 31	For the Year Ended December 31
		2021 $ 2,197,323	2020 $ 1,642,783

a. Contract information

Revenue from the sale of goods

The Group’s revenue mainly comes from sale of bio-organic and bio-chemical compound fertilizers. All goods are sold at agreed-upon prices.

b. Contract balances

	December 31,	December 31,	December 31,	December 31,
		2021		2020	January 1, 2020
Trade receivables (including related parties)
(Notes 9 and 29)	$	436,594	$	547,834	$	329,831
Contract liabilities - current	$	7,032	$	87	$	1,532

Revenue recognized in the current year that was included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the year and from the performance obligations satisfied in the previous periods was summarized as follows:

From contract liabilities at the start of the year Sale of goods	For the Year Ended December 31	For the Year Ended December 31	For the Year Ended December 31
		2021 $ 87	2020 $ 1,532

c. Disaggregation of revenue

Refer to Note 34 for details of disaggregation of revenue.

37 -

23. NET PROFIT

a. Interest income

Bank deposits Financial assets at amortized cost Loans to related party (Note 29)	For the Year Ended December 31	For the Year Ended December 31	For the Year Ended December 31
		2021 $ 7,590 1,422 420 $ 9,432	2020 $ 13,388 4,914 498 $ 18,800

b. Other income

For the Year Ended December 31	For the Year Ended December 31	For the Year Ended December 31
2021 2020 $ 30 $ 31 13,928 11,990 $ 13,958 $ 12,021 For the Year Ended December 31
2021 2020 $ (116) $ 151 21,817 19,084 6,104 2,643 - (3) $ 27,805 $ 21,875 For the Year Ended December 31
	2021 $ 4,364 92 81 $ 4,537	2020 $ 4,165 191 84 $ 4,440

c. Other gains and losses

d. Finance costs

38 -

e. Depreciation and amortization

An analysis of depreciation by function Operating costs Operating expenses An analysis of amortization by function Operating expenses	For the Year Ended December 31	For the Year Ended December 31	For the Year Ended December 31
		2021 $ 32,154 15,930 $ 48,084 $ 508	2020 $ 33,772 15,472 $ 49,244 $ 911

f. Employee benefits expense

Post-employment benefits Defined contribution plan Other employee benefits (Note) Total employee benefits expense An analysis of employee benefits expense by function Operating costs Operating expenses	For the Year Ended	For the Year Ended	December 31
		2021 $ 10,213 163,910 $ 174,123 $ 53,991 120,132 $ 174,123	2020 $ 8,707 132,497 $ 141,204 $ 47,840 93,364 $ 141,204

Note: For the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Group received grants of $88 thousand and $2,978 thousand relating to COVID-19 epidemic, respectively. The amounts were included in the reduction of other employee benefits in each reporting period.

g. Compensation of employees and remuneration of directors

According to the Articles, the Company accrues compensation of employees at rates of no less than 1% and no higher than 10% and remuneration of directors at rates of no higher than 10%, respectively, of net profit before income tax, compensation of employees, and remuneration of directors. The compensation of employees and the remuneration of directors for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, which were approved by the Company’s board of directors on March 25, 2022 and March 26, 2021, respectively, are as follows:

Accrual rate

Compensation of employees Remuneration of directors	For the Year Ended December 31
	2021 2020 3% 3% 2% 2%

39 -

Amount

Compensation of employees Remuneration of directors	For the Year Ended December 31	For the Year Ended December 31
	2021 Cash Shares $ 6,257 $ - 4,172 -	2020
		Cash Shares $ 2,696 $ - 1,797 -

If there is a change in the amounts after the annual consolidated financial statements are authorized for issue, the differences are recorded as a change in the accounting estimate.

There is no difference between the actual amounts of compensation of employees and remuneration of directors paid and the amounts recognized in the consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019.

Information on the compensation of employees and remuneration of directors resolved by the Company’s board of directors for 2022 and 2021 is available at the Market Observation Post System website of the Taiwan Stock Exchange.

h. Gains and losses on foreign currency exchange

Foreign exchange gains Foreign exchange losses	For the Year Ended December 31	For the Year Ended December 31	For the Year Ended December 31
		2021 $ 54,406 (32,589) $ 21,817	2020 $ 49,239 (30,155) $ 19,084

24. INCOME TAXES

a. Income tax recognized in profit or loss

Major components of income tax expense are as follow:

Current tax In respect of the current year Adjustments for prior year Deferred tax In respect of the current year Income tax expense recognized in profit or loss	For the Year Ended	For the Year Ended	December 31
		2021 $ 73,082 (15,826) 57,256 27,675 $ 84,931	2020 $ 47,171 2,572 49,743 1,760 $ 51,503

40 -

A reconciliation of accounting profit and income tax expenses is as follows:

Profit before tax Income tax expense calculated at the statutory rate (24%) Nondeductible expenses in determining taxable income Tax-exempt income Unrecognized loss carryforwards Unrecognized deductible temporary differences Adjustments for prior years’ tax Effects of different tax rate of group entities operating in other jurisdictions Income tax expense recognized in profit or loss	For the Year Ended	For the Year Ended	December 31
		2021 $ 321,585 $ 77,180 4,736 (349) 444 (330) (4,375) 7,625 $ 84,931	2020 $ 149,671 $ 35,921 8,565 (678) 746 (140) 2,572 4,517 $ 51,503

The applicable income tax rate used by the Group in Malaysia was both 24% in 2021 and 2020. Tax rates used by other entities operating in other jurisdictions are based on the tax laws in each jurisdiction.

b. Income tax recognized in other comprehensive income

Deferred tax In respect of the current year Exchange differences on translation of the financial statements of foreign operations Current tax assets and liabilities Current tax assets Tax refund receivables Current tax liabilities Income tax payables	For the Year Ended December 31	For the Year Ended December 31	For the Year Ended December 31
		2021 $ 465 December	2020 $ (528) 31
		2021 $ 4,189 $ 27,977	2020 $ 7,750 $ 17,374

c. Current tax assets and liabilities

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d. Deferred tax assets and liabilities

The movements of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities were as follows:

For the year ended December 31, 2021
Opening
Balance
Recognized in
Profit or Loss
Recognized in
Other
Comprehensive
Income
Exchange
Differences
Deferred tax assets
Temporary differences
Exchange differences on
translation of the financial
statements of foreign
operations
$ 703
$ -
$ (465)
$ (37)

Unrealized exchange losses
-
174
-
(3)
Allowance for impaired
receivables
19,441
(14,028)
-
(1,013)
Allowance for impaired
inventory
2,900
(773)
-
(176)
Others
10
(10)
-
-
Investments tax credits
12,025
(11,451)

-

(574)

$ 35,079
$ (26,088)
$ (465)
$ (1,803)

Deferred tax liabilities
Temporary differences
Depreciation of property,
plant and equipment
$ 28,678
$ 1,993
$ -
$ (1,922)

Unrealized exchange gains

450

(406)

-

(22)

$ 29,128
$ 1,587
$ -
$ (1,944)

For the year ended December 31, 2020
Opening
Balance
Recognized in
Profit or Loss
Recognized in
Other
Comprehensive
Income
Exchange
Differences
Deferred tax assets
Temporary differences
Exchange differences on
translation of the financial
statements of foreign
operations
$ 177
$ -
$ 528
$ (2)

Allowance for impaired
receivables
24,192
(3,862)
-
(889)

Allowance for impaired
inventory
3,109
(98)
-
(111)
Others
-
10
-
-
Investments tax credits
12,466

-

-

(441)

$ 39,944
$ (3,950)
$ 528
$ (1,443)

Deferred tax liabilities
Temporary differences
Depreciation of property,
plant and equipment
$ 32,451
$ (2,602)
$ -
$ (1,171)

Unrealized exchange gains

36

412

-

2

$ 32,487
$ (2,190)
$ -
$ (1,169)

Closing
Balance
$ 201
171
4,400
1,951
-

-
$ 6,723
$ 28,749

22
$ 28,771
Closing
Balance
$ 703
19,441
2,900
10
12,025
$ 35,079
$ 28,678

450
$ 29,128

Deferred tax assets
Temporary differences
Exchange differences on
translation of the financial
statements of foreign
operations

Allowance for impaired
receivables

Allowance for impaired
inventory
Others
Investments tax credits

Deferred tax liabilities
Temporary differences
Depreciation of property,
plant and equipment

Unrealized exchange gains

42 -
e. Deductible temporary differences and unused loss carryforwards for which no deferred tax assets have been recognized in the consolidated balance sheets

Deductible temporary differences Allowance for impaired inventory Loss carryforwards		December	31
		2021 $ 7,504 $ 2,959	2020 $ 8,990 $ 8,329

f. Income tax assessments

As of December 31, 2021, the Group did not have any claim or litigation regarding tax assessment.

25. EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share Diluted earnings per share	For the Year Ended December 31	For the Year Ended December 31	For the Year Ended December 31
		2021 $ 3.09 $ 3.09	2020 $ 1.28 $ 1.28

The earnings and weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding used in the computation of earnings per share were as follows:

Net Profit for the Year

Profit for the year attributable to owners of the Company	For the Year Ended	For the Year Ended	December 31
		2021 $ 198,128	2020 $ 82,204

Weighted Average Number of Ordinary Shares Outstanding (In Thousand Shares)

Weighted average number of ordinary shares used in the computation of basic earnings per share Effects of potentially dilutive ordinary shares Compensation of employees Weighted average number of ordinary shares used in the computation of diluted earnings per share	For the Year Ended December 31	For the Year Ended December 31	For the Year Ended December 31
		2021 64,034 173 64,207	2020 64,034 82 64,116

The Group may settle compensation of employees in cash or shares; therefore the Group assumes that the entire amount of the compensation will be settled in shares, and the resulting potential shares will be included in the weighted average number of shares outstanding used in the computation of diluted earnings per share, as the effect is dilutive. Such dilutive effect of the potential shares is included in the computation of diluted earnings per share until the number of shares to be distributed to employees is resolved in the following year.

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26. CASH FLOWS INFORMATION

a. Non-cash transaction

For the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Group entered into the following non-cash investing and financing activities which were not reflected in the consolidated statements of cash flows:

As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the payable for purchasing equipment (recognized as other payables) were $1,834 thousand and $951 thousand, respectively.

b. Changes in liabilities from financing activities

For the year ended December 31, 2021

Short-term borrowings Long-term borrowings Guarantee deposits received Lease liabilities Other payables to related parties	Opening Balance $ 45,944 5,355 4,326 2,897 417 $ 58,939	Cash Flows $ 267,969 (3,073 ) - (2,587 ) (397) $ 261,912		No	n-cash Changes Interest Expenses Exchange Differences $ - $ (6,262 ) - (293 ) - (284 ) 92 (91 ) - (20) $ 92 $ (6,950)	Others $ - - - (92 ) - $ (92)	Closing Balance $ 307,651 1,989 4,042 1,671 -
				New Leases $ - - - 1,452 - $ 1,452
							$ 315,353

For the year ended December 31, 2020

Short-term borrowings Long-term borrowings Guarantee deposits received Lease liabilities Other payables to related parties	Opening Balance $ 9,204 21,169 380 4,095 1 $ 34,849	Cash Flows $ 36,733 (14,939 ) 3,927 (2,531 ) 412 $ 23,602		No	n-cash Changes Interest Expenses Exchange Differences $ - $ 7 - (875 ) - 19 191 (76 ) - 4 $ 191 $ (921)	Others $ - - - (191 ) - $ (191)	Closing Balance $ 45,944 5,355 4,326 2,897 417
				New Leases $ - - - 1,409 - $ 1,409
							$ 58,939

27. CAPITAL MANAGEMENT

The Group manages its capital to ensure that entities in the Group will be able to continue as going concerns while maximizing the return to stakeholders through the optimization of the debt and equity balance. The Group’s overall strategy remains unchanged.

The management of the Group periodically reviews its capital structure. As part of the review, the management considers the cost of capital, and the risks associated with each borrowings and the financial ratio required to determine the reasonable scale of capital structure of the Group. The Group balances its overall capital structure by distributing dividend, issuing new shares and obtaining loans.

28. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

a. Fair value of financial instruments not measured at fair value

The Group’s management believes that the carrying amount of financial assets and financial liabilities that are not measured at fair value approximates the fair value.

44 -
b. Fair value of financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis
1) Fair value hierarchy

December 31, 2021 Financial assets at FVTPL Derivative financial assets Mutual funds December 31, 2020 Financial assets at FVTPL Mutual funds	Level 1 $ - 34,723 $ 34,723 Level 1 $ 59,766	Level 2 $ 1,244 - $ 1,244 Level 2 $ -	Level 3 $ - - $ - Level 3 $ -	Total $ 1,244 34,723 $ 35,967 Total $ 59,766

There were no transfers between Levels 1 and 2 for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.

2) Valuation techniques and inputs applied for the purpose of measuring Level 2 fair value measurement

Financial Instruments

Valuation Techniques and Inputs

Derivatives - foreign exchange Fair values of foreign exchange derivative contracts are forward contracts measured on the basis of quotations provided by financial institutions.

c. Categories of financial instruments

Financial assets FVTPL Mandatorily classified as at FVTPL Financial assets at amortized cost (1) Financial liabilities Amortized cost (2)	December 31
	2021 2020 $ 35,967 $ 59,766 1,357,061 1,475,182 483,411 173,678

1) The balances include financial assets at amortized cost, which comprise cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables, trade receivables from related parties, other receivables (excluding GST refund receivables), other receivables from related parties, financial assets at amortized cost and refundable deposits.
45 -
2) The balances include financial liabilities at amortized cost, which comprise short-term borrowings, trade payables, trade payables from related parties, other payables (excluding payable for salaries and bonuses, payable for pension fees, payable for taxes, payable for welfare and insurance), other payables to related parties, current portion of long-term borrowings, long-term borrowings, and guarantee deposits received.
d. Financial risk management objectives and policies

The Group’s major financial instruments include trade receivables, trade payables, lease liabilities and borrowings. The Group’s corporate treasury function provides services to the business, coordinates access to domestic and international financial markets, monitors and manages the financial risks relating to the operations of the Group through internal risk reports which analyze exposures by degree and magnitude of risks. These risks include market risk (including foreign currency risk, interest rate risk and other price risk), credit risk and liquidity risk.

The Group seeks to minimize the effects of these risks by using derivative financial instruments to hedge risk exposures. The use of financial derivatives is governed by the Group’s policies approved by the board of directors, which provided written principles on foreign currency risk, interest rate risk, credit risk, the use of financial derivatives and non-derivative financial instruments, and the investment of excess liquidity. Compliance with policies and exposure limits is reviewed by the internal auditors on a continuous basis. The Group did not enter into or trade financial instruments, including derivative financial instruments, for speculative purposes.

1) Market risk

The Group’s activities exposed it primarily to the financial risks of changes in foreign currency risk, interest risk and other price risk. The Group entered into forward foreign exchange contracts to hedge the foreign currency risk arising from the importations denominated in United States dollar.

a) Foreign currency risk

The Group has foreign currency denominated transactions, which expose the Group to foreign currency risk. Foreign currency risk is managed by the delegated team, which regularly reviews the positions of assets and liabilities affected by foreign currencies and utilizes the foreign exchange forward contracts to manage the exchange rate exposures. The income recognized by the Company from the settlement of foreign exchange forward contracts in 2021 is equivalent to the loss recognized in the relevant liabilities denominated in foreign currencies.

The carrying amounts of the Group’s foreign currency denominated monetary assets and monetary liabilities (including those eliminated on consolidation) and of the derivatives exposed to foreign currency risk at the end of the year are set out in Note 34.

Sensitivity analysis

The Group is mainly exposed to the fluctuations of United States dollars (USD).

The following table details the Group’s sensitivity to a 5% increase and decrease in the functional currency against the relevant foreign currencies.

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The sensitivity rate used when reporting foreign currency risk internally to key management personnel and represents management’s assessment of the reasonably possible change in foreign exchange rates is 5%. The sensitivity analysis included only outstanding foreign currency denominated monetary items (e.g. trade receivables, trade payables and borrowing from external entities), and adjusts their translation at the end of the year for a 5% change in foreign currency rates. A positive number below indicates an increase in pre-tax profit and other equity associated with functional currency strengthened by 5% against the relevant foreign currency. For a 5% weakening of functional currency against the relevant foreign currency, there would be an equal and opposite impact on pre-tax profit and other equity, and the balances below would be negative.

Profit or loss	USD Impact
	For the Year Ended December 31
	2021 2020 $ 833 * $ 6,452 *

The result was mainly attributable to the exposure of outstanding bank deposits, trade receivables, trade payables and borrowings in USD that were not hedged at the end of the year.

The Group’s sensitivity to foreign currency increased during the current year mainly due to the increase of the foreign financial liabilities.

b) Interest rate risk

The Group is exposed to interest rate risk because entities in the Group borrow funds at both fixed and floating interest rates.

The carrying amounts of the Group’s financial assets and financial liabilities with exposure to interest rates at the end of the year were as follows.

Fair value interest rate risk Financial assets Financial liabilities Cash flow interest rate risk Financial assets Financial liabilities	December 31
	2021 2020 $ 192,655 $ 263,085 211,655 50,441 556,759 495,194 99,656 3,755

Sensitivity analysis

The sensitivity analysis below was determined based on the Group’s exposure to interest rates for both derivatives and non-derivative instruments at the end of the year. For floating rate liabilities, the analysis was prepared assuming the amount of the liability outstanding at the end of the year was outstanding for the whole year. A 1% increase or decrease was used when reporting interest rate risk internally to key management personnel and represents management’s assessment of the reasonably possible change in interest rates.

If interest rates had been 1% higher/lower and all other variables were held constant, the Group’s pre-tax profit for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 would have increased/decreased by $4,571 thousand and $4,914 thousand, respectively, which was mainly a result of the change in floating rate bank borrowings and bank deposits.

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The Group’s sensitivity to interest rates decreased during the current year mainly due to the increases in financial liabilities of cash flow interest rate risk.

c) Other price risk

The Group was exposed to price risk through its investments in money market fund instruments which were classified as financial assets at FVTPL. The investments are held for strategic purposes. The Group manages this exposure by maintaining a portfolio of investments with lower risks.

Sensitivity analysis

The sensitivity analysis below was determined based on the exposure to money market funds price risks at the end of the year.

If money market funds prices had been 1% higher/lower, pre-tax profit for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 would have increased/decreased by $347 thousand and $598 thousand, respectively, as a result of the changes in fair value of financial assets at FVTPL.

2) Credit risk

Credit risk refers to the risk that a counterparty will default on its contractual obligations resulting in financial loss to the Group. At the end of the year, the Group’s maximum exposure to credit risk, which would cause a financial loss to the Group due to the failure of the counterparty to discharge its obligations and due to financial guarantees provided by the Group, could be equal to the carrying amount of the respective recognized financial assets as stated in the balance sheets.

The Group’s concentration of credit risk was 27% and 52% of total trade receivables as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and was attributable to the three largest customers of the Group.

In order to minimize credit risk, the management of the Group has delegated a team responsible for determining credit limits, credit approvals and other monitoring procedures to ensure that follow-up action is taken to recover overdue receivables.

3) Liquidity risk

The Group manages liquidity risk by monitoring and maintaining a level of cash and cash equivalents deemed adequate to finance the Group’s operations and mitigate the effects of fluctuations in cash flows. In addition, management monitors the utilization of bank borrowings and ensures compliance with loan covenants.

The Group relies on bank borrowings as a significant source of liquidity. As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Group had available unutilized short-term bank loan facilities set out in (c) below.

a) Liquidity and interest rate risk tables for non-derivative financial liabilities

The following tables detail the Group’s remaining contractual maturity for its non-derivative financial liabilities with agreed repayment periods. The tables have been drawn up based on the undiscounted cash flows of financial liabilities from the earliest date on which the Group can be required to pay. The tables included both interest and principal cash flows.

Specifically, bank loans with a repayment on demand clause were included in the earliest time band regardless of the probability of the banks choosing to exercise their rights. The maturity dates for other non-derivative financial liabilities were based on the agreed upon repayment dates.

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To the extent that interest flows are at floating rates, the undiscounted amount was derived from the interest rate curve at the end of the year.

December 31, 2021

On Demand or Less than 1 Month 1-3 Months 3 Months to 1 Year Non-derivative financial liabilities Non-interest bearing $ 146,848 $ 23,177 $ 3,746 Lease liabilities 151 242 822 Floating interest rate liabilities 51,597 5,920 42,614 Fixed interest rate liabilities 208,045 - 2,148 $ 406,641 $ 29,339 $ 49,330	1-5 Years $ - 523 - - $ 523	5+ Years $ - - - - $ -

Additional information on the maturity analysis for lease liabilities:

Less than 1 Year 1-5 Years 5-10 Years 10-15 Years Lease liabilities $ 1,215 $ 523 $ - $ - December 31, 2020 On Demand or Less than 1 Month 1-3 Months 3 Months to 1 Year Non-derivative financial liabilities Non-interest bearing $ 111,235 $ 7,148 $ 3,996 Lease liabilities 220 427 1,657 Floating interest rate liabilities 1,083 2,693 - Fixed interest rate liabilities - 45,554 2,299 $ 112,538 $ 55,822 $ 7,952	15-20 Years $ - 1-5 Years $ - 682 - - $ 682	20+ Years $ - 5+ Years $ - - - - $ -

Additional information on the maturity analysis for lease liabilities:

Less than 1 Year Lease liabilities $ 2,304	1-5 Years 5-10 Years 10-15 Years 15-20 Years $ 682 $ - $ - $ -	20+ Years $ -

The amount included above for floating interest rate instruments for both non-derivative financial assets and liabilities were subject to change if changes in floating interest rates differ from those estimates of interest rates determined at the end of the year.

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b) Liquidity and interest rate risk tables for derivative financial liabilities

The following table detailed the Group’s liquidity analysis for its derivative financial instruments. The table is based on the undiscounted contractual net cash inflows and outflows on derivative instruments that settle on a net basis, and the undiscounted gross inflows and outflows on those derivatives that require gross settlement. When the amount payable or receivable is not fixed, the amount disclosed was determined by reference to the projected interest rates as illustrated by the yield curves at the end of the year.

December 31, 2021

On Demand or Less than 1 Month 1-3 Months Net settled Foreign exchange forward contracts $ 1,053 $ 191	3 Months to 1 Year $ -	1-5 Years $ -	5+ Years $ -

c) Financing facilities

Secured bank loan facilities: Amount used Amount unused		December 31	December 31
		2021 $ 265,191 314,167 $ 579,358	2020 $ 49,170 709,132 $ 758,302

29. TRANSACTIONS WITH RELATED PARTIES

Balances and transactions between the Company and its subsidiaries, which are related parties of the Company, have been eliminated on consolidation and are not disclosed in this note. Details of transactions between the Group and other related parties are disclosed as follows.

a. Related party names and categories

Related Names

Related Party Categories

Sabah Softwoods Berhad Related party in substance Sawit Kinabalu Seeds Sdn. Bhd. Related party in substance Borneo Samudera Sdn. Bhd. Related party in substance Bongalio Development Sdn. Bhd. Related party in substance Kalabakan Plantation Sdn. Bhd. Related party in substance Oscar Kinabalu Sdn. Bhd. Related party in substance Bagahak Plantation Sdn. Bhd. Related party in substance Saplantco Sdn. Bhd. Related party in substance Sawit Ecoshield Sdn. Bhd. Associate Grape King Bio Ltd. Related party in substance Tan Chek Yen Related party in substance Peng Shih Hao Key management personnel

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b. Operating revenue

Related Party For the Year Ended December 31 Line Item Category/Name 2021 2020 Sales Related parties in substance $ 348,630 $ 201,045 Associate 15,860 7,810 $ 364,490 $ 208,855 The selling price for related parties is calculated with reference to the applicable market price. The credit terms for the related parties are comparable to those for unrelated parties. Purchase of goods For the Year Ended December 31 Related Party Category/Name 2021 2020 Related parties in substance $ 20,324 $ 14,198	For the Year Ended	For the Year Ended	December 31
		2021 $ 20,324	2020 $ 14,198

The selling price for related parties is calculated with reference to the applicable market price. The credit terms for the related parties are comparable to those for unrelated parties.

c. Purchase of goods

Purchases of goods for related parties are calculated with reference to general market conditions. The payment term for the related parties are comparable to those of unrelated parties.

d. Receivables from related parties (excluding loans to related parties)

Related Party Line Item Category/Name Trade receivables Related parties in substance Borneo Samudera Sdn. Bhd. Others Associate Less: Allowance for impairment loss Other receivables Associate Sawit Ecoshield Sdn. Bhd.		December 31	December 31
		2021 $ 47,379 11,164 774 59,317 (291) $ 59,026 $ 208	2020 $ 14,883 13,223 2,767 30,873 (473) $ 30,400 $ 518

The outstanding receivables from related parties are unsecured.

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The Group measures the loss allowance for trade receivables from related parties at an amount equal to lifetime ECLs. The expected credit losses on trade receivables from related parties are estimated using a provision matrix prepared by reference to the past default experience of the debtor and the debtor’s current financial position. The following table details the loss allowance of trade receivables from related parties based on the Group’s provision matrix.

Trade receivables from related parties

December 31, 2021

Not Past Due 1 to 90 Days Past Due Expected credit loss rate 0.30% 2.09% Gross carrying amount $ 55,167 $ 3,443 Loss allowance (Lifetime ECLs) (164) (72) Amortized cost $ 55,003 $ 3,371 December 31, 2020 Not Past Due 1 to 90 Days Past Due Expected credit loss rate 1.32% 4.04% Gross carrying amount $ 28,475 $ 2,398 Loss allowance (Lifetime ECLs) (377) (96) Amortized cost $ 28,098 $ 2,302	91 to 180 Days Past Due 181 to 270 Days Past Due 7.78% - $ 707 $ - (55) - $ 652 $ - 91 to 180 Days Past Due 181 to 270 Days Past Due - - $ - $ - - - $ - $ -	Over 270 Days Past Due 100.00% $ - - $ - Over 270 Days Past Due 100.00% $ - - $ -	Total $ 59,317 (291) $ 59,026 Total $ 30,873 (473) $ 30,400

The movements of the loss allowance of trade receivables from related parties were as follows:

Balance at January 1 Add: Net remeasurement of loss allowance Foreign exchange translation differences Balance at December 31 Payables to related parties (excluding loans from related parties) Related Party Line Item Category/Name Trade payables Related parties in substance Grape King Bio Ltd. Other payables Key management personnel The outstanding payables to related parties are unsecured.	For the Year Ended December 31	For the Year Ended December 31	For the Year Ended December 31
		2021 $ 473 (155) (27) $ 291 December	2020 $ 2,732 (2,143) (116) $ 473 31
		2021 $ 9,067 $ -	2020 $ 2,348 $ 417

e. Payables to related parties (excluding loans from related parties)

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f. Lease arrangements - Group is lessee

Related Party Category/Name Lease expense Related parties in substance	For the Year Ended	For the Year Ended	December 31
		2021 $ 284	2020 $ 172

The Group leased an employees’ dormitory from related parties in substance. The lease agreement was negotiated by both parties, and the rental was paid monthly.

g. Loans to related parties

Related Party Category/Name Associate Sawit Ecoshield Sdn. Bhd. Interest income Related Party Category/Name Associate Sawit Ecoshield Sdn. Bhd.		December 31	December 31
	2021 $ 13,258 For the Year Ended		2020 $ 14,190 December 31
		2021 $ 420	2020 $ 498

The Group provided its associate with unsecured short-term loans at rates comparable to market interest rates. These loans are expected to be collected within one year and assessed that there were no expected credit losses.

h. Remuneration of key management personnel

Short-term employee benefits	For the Year Ended December 31	For the Year Ended December 31	For the Year Ended December 31
		2021 $ 27,585	2020 $ 27,459

The remuneration of directors and key executives, as determined by the remuneration committee, is based on the performance of individuals and market trends.

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30. ASSETS PLEDGED AS COLLATERAL OR FOR SECURITY

The following assets were provided as collateral for bank borrowings:

Right-of-use assets Financial assets at amortized cost- current Financial assets at amortized cost - non-current Buildings, net Land		December 31	December 31
		2021 $ 102,950 145,107 - 292,980 25,473 $ 566,510	2020 $ 113,229 - 106,670 273,676 - $ 493,575

31. SIGNIFICANT CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND UNRECOGNIZED COMMITMENTS

In addition to those disclosed in other notes, significant contingencies and unrecognized commitments of the Group as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows:

December 31 2021 2020 Acquisition of property, plant and equipment $ 26,466 $ 13,260 SIGNIFICANT ASSETS AND LIABILITIES DENOMINATED IN FOREIGN CURRENCIES The Group’s significant financial assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies aggregated by the foreign currencies other than functional currencies of the entities in the Group and the related exchange rates between foreign currencies and respective functional currencies were as follows: December 31, 2021 Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Carrying Amount Financial assets Monetary items USD $ 7,710 4.27 (USD:MYR) $ 218,241 USD 109 14,573 (USD:IDR) 3,079 Financial liabilities Monetary items USD 9,473 4.27 (USD:MYR) 268,155		December	31

32. SIGNIFICANT ASSETS AND LIABILITIES DENOMINATED IN FOREIGN CURRENCIES

The Group’s significant financial assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies aggregated by the foreign currencies other than functional currencies of the entities in the Group and the related exchange rates between foreign currencies and respective functional currencies were as follows:

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December 31, 2020

		Foreign		Carrying
	Currency		Exchange Rate	Amount
Financial assets
Monetary items
USD	$	4,859	4.13 (USD:MYR)	$ 142,390
USD		34	14,441 (USD:IDR)	260
Financial liabilities
Monetary items
USD		464	4.13 (USD:MYR)	13,603

The significant realized and unrealized foreign exchange gains (losses) were as follows:

Foreign Currency USD	For the Year Ended December 31	For the Year Ended December 31
	2021 Exchange Rate Net Foreign Exchange Gains 4.1432 (USD:MYR) $ 17,006	2020
		Exchange Rate Net Foreign Exchange Gains 4.1997 (USD:MYR) $ 15,739

33. SEPARATELY DISCLOSED ITEMS

a. Information on significant transactions:
1) Financing provided to others (Table 1)
2) Endorsements/guarantees provided (Table 2)
3) Marketable securities held (excluding investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures) (Table 3)
4) Marketable securities acquired or disposed of at costs or prices of at least NT$300 million or 20% of the paid-in capital (None)
5) Acquisition of individual real estate at costs of at least NT$300 million or 20% of the paid-in capital (None)
6) Disposal of individual real estate at prices of at least $300 million or 20% of the paid-in capital (None)
7) Total purchases from or sales to related parties amounting to at least NT$100 million or 20% of the paid-in capital (Table 4)
8) Receivables from related parties amounting to at least NT$100 million or 20% of the paid-in capital (None)
9) Trading in derivative instruments (Notes 7 and 28)
10) Intercompany relationships and significant intercompany transactions (Table 5)
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b. Information on investees (Table 6)
c. Information on investments in mainland China (None)
d. Information of major shareholders: list all shareholders with ownership of 5% or greater showing the name of the shareholder, the number of shares owned, and percentage of ownership of each shareholder (Table 7)

34. SEGMENT INFORMATION

Information reported to the chief operating decision maker for the purpose of resource allocation and assessment of segment performance focuses on the types of goods or services delivered or provided. Specifically, the Group’s reportable segments were All Cosmos Industries Sdn. Bhd. (ACI), Sabah Softwoods Hybrid Fertiliser Sdn. Bhd. (SSHF) and others.

The details of the Group’s reportable segments were as follows:

a. Segment revenues and results

The following was an analysis of the Group’s revenue and results from continuing operations by reportable segments.

ACI SSHF Others Interest income Other income Other gains and losses Finance costs Share of profit or loss of associates General administration costs and remuneration of directors Profit before tax		Segment Revenue For the Year Ended December 31 2021 2020 $ 1,364,853 $ 1,172,851 520,356 310,366 312,114 159,566 $ 2,197,323 $ 1,642,783		Segment Income	Segment Income
				For the Year Ended December 31
		2021 $ 1,364,853 520,356 312,114 $ 2,197,323		2021 $ 176,830 36,139 85,562 298,531 9,432 13,958 27,805 (4,537) 1,686 (25,290) $ 321,585	2020 $ 72,482 1,454 46,257 120,193 18,800 12,021 21,875 (4,440) (1,296) (17,482) $ 149,671

Segment revenue reported above represents revenue generated from external customers. The inter-segment sales for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 have both been eliminated.

Segment profit represents the profit before tax earned by each segment without allocation of general administration costs and remuneration of directors, interest income, other income, other gains and losses, finance costs, share of profit or loss of associates and income tax expense. This was the measure reported to the chief operating decision maker for the purpose of resource allocation and assessment of segment performance.

b. Segment total assets and liabilities

Segment total assets and liabilities are not provided to the chief operating decision maker and thus not required to be disclosed.

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c. Revenue from major products

The following is an analysis of the Group’s revenue from its major products.

Bio-chemical fertilizers Others	For the Year Ended December 31	For the Year Ended December 31	For the Year Ended December 31
		2021 $ 2,094,862 102,461 $ 2,197,323	2020 $ 1,611,967 30,816 $ 1,642,783

d. Geographical information

The Group operates mainly in Malaysia.

The Group’s revenue from external customers by location of customers and information on its non-current assets by location of assets are detailed below.

Revenue from External

	Revenue from External	Revenue from External
Malaysia Others	Customers For the Year Ended December 31 2021 2020 $ 1,882,219 $ 1,434,500 315,104 208,283 $ 2,197,323 $ 1,642,783		Non-current Assets
			December 31
		2021 $ 1,882,219 315,104 $ 2,197,323	2021 $ 591,627 46,559 $ 638,186	2020 $ 570,978 50,524 $ 621,502

Non-current assets exclude investments accounted for using the equity method, financial assets at amortized cost- non-current, goodwill, deferred tax assets and refundable deposits.

e. Information on major customers

Single customers contributing 10% or more to the Group’s revenue in 2021 and 2020 were as follows:

Group A	For the Year Ended December 31	For the Year Ended December 31
	2021 Amount % $ 236,687 11	2020
		Amount % $ 255,996 16

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TABLE 1

ALL COSMOS BIO-TECH HOLDING CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

FINANCING PROVIDED TO OTHERS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2021 (In Thousands of New Taiwan Dollars, Unless Stated Otherwise)

No.	Lender	Borrower	Financial Statement Account	Related Party	Highest Balance for the Period	Ending Balance (Note 2)	Actual Borrowing Amount (Note 2)	Interest Rate %	Nature of Financing	Business Transaction Amount	Reasons for Short-term Financing	Allowance for Impairment Loss	Collateral	Collateral	Financing Limit for Each Borrower	Aggregate Financing Limit
													Item	Value
1	Sabah Softwoods Hybrid Fertiliser Sdn. Bhd.	Sawit Ecoshield Sdn. Bhd.	Other receivables from related parties	Yes	$ 13,258	$ 13,258	$ 13,258	3.11	Short-term financing	$ -	Operating capital	$ -	-	$ -	$ 210,640 (Note 1)	$ 280,853 (Note 1)

Note 1: The amount of loans to companies with short-term liquidity needs shall not aggregate more than 40% of SSHF’s net assets value in its latest financial statements; loans to individual borrowers shall not exceed 30% of SSHF’s net assets in its latest financial statements.

Note 2: The highest balance for the period, the ending balance and the actual borrowing amount were translated at the exchange rate at the end of the reporting period.

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TABLE 2

ALL COSMOS BIO-TECH HOLDING CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

ENDORSEMENTS/GUARANTEES PROVIDED FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2021 (In Thousands of New Taiwan Dollars, Unless Stated Otherwise)

No.	Endorser/ Guarantor	Endorsee/Guarantee	Endorsee/Guarantee	Limit on Endorsement/ Guarantee Given on Behalf of Each Party (Note 1)	Maximum Amount Endorsed/ Guaranteed During the Period (Note 3)	Outstanding Endorsement/ Guarantee at the End of the Period (Notes 2 and 3)	Actual Borrowing Amount (Note 3)	Amount Endorsed/ Guaranteed by Collateral	Ratio of Accumulated Endorsement/ Guarantee to Net Equity in Latest Financial Statements (%)	Aggregate Endorsement/ Guarantee Limit (Note 1)	Endorsement/ Guarantee Given by Parent on Behalf of Subsidiaries	Endorsement/ Guarantee Given by Subsidiaries on Behalf of Parent	Endorsement/ Guarantee Given on Behalf of Companies in Mainland China
		Name	Relationship
0	The Company	All Cosmos Industries Sdn. Bhd.	The Company directly and indirectly hold more than 50% voting share of the investee company.	$ 1,293,738	$ 811,940	$ 811,940	$ 305,293	$ -	41	$ 1,990,366	Yes	No	No

Note 1: The amount of endorsements/guarantee provided shall not aggregate more than 100% of the Company’s net asset value in its latest financial statement. The total amount of the endorsement/guarantee provided by the Company to any individual subsidiary shall not exceed 65% of the Company net asset value in its latest financial statement.

Note 2: The transactions were eliminated in the consolidated financial statements.

Note 3: The maximum amount for the period, the ending balance for the period and the actual borrowing amount were translated at the exchange rate at the end of the reporting period.

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TABLE 3

ALL COSMOS BIO-TECH HOLDING CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

MARKETABLE SECURITIES HELD DECEMBER 31, 2021

(In Thousands of New Taiwan Dollars, Unless Number of Shares and Shareholding Ratio Otherwise Stated)

Holding Company Name	Type and Name of Marketable Securities	Relationship with the Holding Company	Financial Statement Account		December 31, 2021	December 31, 2021		Note
				Number of Shares	Carrying Amount	Percentage of Ownership (%)	Fair Value
All Cosmos Industries Sdn. Bhd.	Mutual fund Affin Hwang Aiiman Money Market Fund	None	Financial assets at FVTPL - current	9,735,843	$ 34,723	-	$ 34,723	Note

Note: There is no restriction due to collateral, pledge loan or other arrangement.

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TABLE 4

ALL COSMOS BIO-TECH HOLDING CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

TOTAL PURCHASES FROM OR SALES TO RELATED PARTIES AMOUNTING TO AT LEAST $100 MILLION OR 20% OF THE PAID-IN CAPITAL FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2021

(In Thousands of New Taiwan Dollars, Unless Stated Otherwise)

Buyer/Seller	Related Party	Relationship		Transaction Details	Transaction Details	Transaction Details	Abnormal Transaction	Abnormal Transaction	Notes/Accounts Receivable (Payable)	Notes/Accounts Receivable (Payable)	Note
			Purchase/ Sale	Amount	% to Total	Payment Terms	Unit Price	Payment Terms	Ending Balance	% to Total
All Cosmos Industries Sdn. Bhd. Sabah Softwoods Hybrid Fertiliser Sdn. Bhd.	PT All Cosmos Indonesia Sabah Softwoods Berhad Borneo Samudera Sdn. Bhd.	The company has same ultimate parent company Substantive related party Substantive related party	Sale Sale Sale	$ (175,055) (152,599) (161,172)	(10) (29) (31)	120 days 60 days 60 days	NA (Same as the Group’s usual list prices) NA (Same as the Group’s usual list prices) NA (Same as the Group’s usual list prices)	NA (Same as the Group’s usual list prices) NA (Same as the Group’s usual list prices) NA (Same as the Group’s usual list prices)	$ 80,814 408 47,379	25 - 41	Note

Note: The transactions were eliminated in the consolidated financial statements.

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TABLE 5

ALL COSMOS BIO-TECH HOLDING CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

INTERCOMPANY RELATIONSHIPS AND SIGNIFICANT INTERCOMPANY TRANSACTIONS FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2021 (In Thousands of New Taiwan Dollars and Malaysian Ringgit)

No. (Note 1)	Investee Company	Counterparty	Relationship (Note 2)			Transactions Details	Transactions Details
				Financial Statement Accounts	Amount in MYR	Amount in NT$	Payment Terms	% to Total Sales or Assets
0	The Company	All Cosmos Industries Sdn. Bhd.	a a	Endorsement/guarantee Investments accounted for using the equity method	$ 122,480 9,000	$ 811,940 59,662	Cash dividend	27 2
1	All Cosmos Industries Sdn. Bhd.	Sabah Softwoods Hybrid Fertiliser Sdn. Bhd PT All Cosmos Indonesia	c c c	Sales revenue Sales revenue Trade receivables	19,556 25,908 12,191	132,139 175,055 80,814	Sales price is based on market price and transfer pricing within the Group; payment terms is net 60 days Sales price is based on market price and transfer pricing within the Group; payment terms is net 120 days	6 8 3
2	Arif Efektif Sdn. Bhd.	All Cosmos Industries Sdn. Bhd.	c c	Sales revenue Right-of-use assets	6,606 2,459	44,634 16,304	Sales price is based on market price and transfer pricing within the Group; payment terms is net 60 days	2 1

Note 1: Business relationship between the parent company and its subsidiaries are coded as follows:

a. The Company (parent company) is “0”.

b. The subsidiaries are coded consecutively beginning from “1” in the order presented in the table above.
Note 2: The relationship between transaction company and counterparty is classified into the following three categories:
a. The Company to subsidiary.
b. Subsidiary to the Company.
c. Subsidiary to another subsidiary.
Note 3: For balance sheet items, the percentage column shows the percentage of ending balance of the item to the consolidated total assets; for income statement items, this column shows the percentage of the accumulated amount of the transactions in the reporting period to the consolidated total operating revenue for the reporting period.
Note 4: Except for investments accounted for using the equity method recognized at historical exchange rate, all assets and liabilities were translated at the exchange rate (MYR1=NT$6.629160) at the end of the reporting period. All net income statement items were translated at the average exchange rate (MYR1=NT$6.756848).
Note 5: The transactions were eliminated in the consolidated financial statements.
Note 6: This table disclosed significant transactions with amounts of at least NT$10 million.
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TABLE 6

ALL COSMOS BIO-TECH HOLDING CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

INFORMATION ON INVESTEES FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2021 (In Thousands of New Taiwan Dollars and Malaysian Ringgit, Unless Stated Otherwise)

Investor Company	Investee Company	Location	Main Businesses and Products	Original Investment Amount	Original Investment Amount	As of December	As of December	31, 2021	Net Income (Loss) of the Investee	Share of Profit (Loss)	Note
				December 31, 2021	December 31, 2020	Number of Shares	%	Carrying Amount
The Company All Cosmos Industries Sdn. Bhd. Sabah Softwoods Hybrid Fertiliser Sdn. Bhd.	All Cosmos Industries Sdn. Bhd. Sabah Softwoods Hybrid Fertiliser Sdn. Bhd. PT All Cosmos Indonesia PT All Cosmos Biotek GK Bio International Sdn. Bhd. PT All Cosmos Indonesia Arif Efektif Sdn. Bhd. Kinabalu Life Sciences Sdn. Bhd. Cosmos Biowood Sdn. Bhd. Sawit Ecoshield Sdn. Bhd.	Johor Bahru, Malaysia Lahad Datu, Malaysia North Sumatra, Indonesia North Sumatra, Indonesia Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia North Sumatra, Indonesia Johor Bahru, Malaysia Lahad Datu, Malaysia Johor Bahru, Malaysia Lahad Datu, Malaysia	Manufacturing and sales of Bio-organic and Bio-chemical compound fertilizers Manufacturing and sales of Bio-organic and Bio-chemical compound fertilizers Sales of Bio-organic and Bio-chemical compound fertilizers Manufacturing and sales of Bio-organic and Bio-chemical compound fertilizers Wholesale of probiotics Sales of Bio-organic and Bio-chemical compound fertilizers Research and development of effective microorganisms for Bio-organic and Bio-chemical compound fertilizers Research and development of effective microorganisms for waste disposal of oil-palm Forest plantation and research Manufacturing and sales of biological vaccines	$ 292,969 (MYR 30,000) 292,053 (MYR 33,000) 9,925 (IDR 3,960,000) 61,693 (IDR28,280,000) 13,594 (MYR 1,800) 102 (IDR 40,000) 2,349 (MYR 245) 17,559 (MYR 2,400) 3,015 (MYR 400) 14,788 (MYR 2,000)	$ 292,969 (MYR 30,000) 292,053 (MYR 33,000) 9,925 (IDR 3,960,000) 61,693 (IDR28,280,000) 13,594 (MYR 1,800) 102 (IDR 40,000) 2,349 (MYR 245) 17,559 (MYR 2,400) 3,015 (MYR 400) 14,788 (MYR 2,000)	30,000,000 33,000,000 79,200 28,280 1,800,000 800 245,000 2,400,000 400,000 2,000,000	100 55 99 83 60 1 49 60 80 40	$ 1,494,864 (MYR 225,498) 386,173 (MYR 58,254) 43,987 (MYR 6,635) 46,852 (MYR 7,067) 25,134 (MYR 3,791) 90 (MYR 14) 31,104 (MYR 4,692) 17,918 (MYR 2,703) (1,761) (MYR -266) 13,536 (MYR 2,042)	$ 179,060 (MYR 26,501) 32,822 (MYR 4,858) 21,545 (MYR 3,189) (1,871) (MYR -277) 19,407 (MYR 2,872) 21,545 (MYR 3,189) 30,431 (MYR 4,519) 1,819 (MYR 269) 20 (MYR 3) 4,215 (MYR 624)	$ 174,669 (MYR 25,851) 18,052 (MYR 2,672) 21,330 (MYR 3,157) (1,562) (MYR -231) 11,644 (MYR 1,723) 215 (MYR 32) 13,530 (MYR 2,002) 1,091 (MYR 162) 16 (MYR 2) 1,686 (MYR 250)	Notes 1 and 2 Notes 1 and 3 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Notes 1 and 2 Note 1 Note 1

Note 1: The transactions were eliminated in the consolidated financial statements.

Note 2: Realized/unrealized gross profit on intercompany transactions were included in the carrying amount and share of profit or loss.

Note 3: A subsidiary with a material non-controlling interest.

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TABLE 7

ALL COSMOS BIO-TECH HOLDING CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

INFORMATION OF MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS DECEMBER 31, 2021

Name of Major Shareholder	Shares	Shares
	Number of Shares	Percentage of Ownership (%)
All Cosmos Investment Ltd. Oil Palm Plantation Ltd. Maxtrength Corp.	22,500,001 7,500,000 4,500,000	35.13 11.71 7.02

Note: The information of major shareholders presented in this table is provided by the Taiwan Depository & Clearing Corporation based on the number of ordinary shares and preference shares held by shareholders with ownership of 5% or greater, that have been issued without physical registration (including treasury shares) by the Company as of the last business day for the current quarter. The share capital in the consolidated financial statements may differ from the actual number of shares that have been issued without physical registration because of different preparation basis.

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AI assistant

All Cosmos Bio-Tech Holding Corporation — Audit Report / Information 2021

52387_rns_2021-11-11_089855f2-b860-482c-8b8a-73932292fe70.pdf

All Cosmos Bio-Tech Holding Corporation and Subsidiaries

INDEPENDENT AUDITORS’ REPORT

Opinion

Basis for Opinion

Key Audit Matters

Occurrence of Sales Revenue from Major Customers

Responsibilities of Management and Those Charged with Governance for the Consolidated Financial Statements

Auditors’ Responsibilities for the Audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements

Notice to Readers

ALL COSMOS BIO-TECH HOLDING CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020 (In Thousands of New Taiwan Dollars)

ALL COSMOS BIO-TECH HOLDING CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020 (In Thousands of New Taiwan Dollars, Except Earnings Per Share)

ALL COSMOS BIO-TECH HOLDING CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020 (In Thousands of New Taiwan Dollars, Except Earnings Per Share)

ALL COSMOS BIO-TECH HOLDING CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020 (In Thousands of New Taiwan Dollars)

ALL COSMOS BIO-TECH HOLDING CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020 (In Thousands of New Taiwan Dollars)

ALL COSMOS BIO-TECH HOLDING CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2021 AND 2020 (In Thousands of New Taiwan Dollars)

ALL COSMOS BIO-TECH HOLDING CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

1. GENERAL INFORMATION

2. APPROVAL OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

3. APPLICATION OF NEW, AMENDED AND REVISED STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS

4. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

e. Foreign currencies

f. Inventories

j. Intangible assets

1) Intangible assets acquired separately

1) Financial assets

2) Financial liabilities

3) Derivative financial instruments

m. Revenue recognition

Revenue from the sale of goods

n. Leases

o. Borrowing costs

r. Taxation

1) Current tax

2) Deferred tax

3) Current and deferred taxes

5. CRITICAL ACCOUNTING JUDGMENTS AND KEY SOURCES OF ESTIMATION UNCERTAINTY

6. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

7. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AT FAIR VALUE THROUGH PROFIT OR LOSS

8. FINANCIAL ASSETS AT AMORTIZED COST

9. TRADE RECEIVABLES AND OTHER RECEIVABLES

a. Trade receivables

December 31, 2020

b. Other receivables

10. INVENTORIES

11. SUBSIDIARIES

Sabah Softwoods Hybrid Fertiliser Sdn. Bhd.

12. INVESTMENTS ACCOUNTED FOR USING THE EQUITY METHOD

Investments in Associates

13. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

Assets Used by the Group

14. LEASE ARRANGEMENTS

a. Right-of-use assets

b. Lease liabilities

c. Other lease information

15. GOODWILL

16. OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

17. OTHER ASSETS

18. BORROWINGS

b. Long-term borrowings

19. OTHER LIABILITIES

20. RETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS

21. EQUITY

Ordinary shares

b. Capital surplus

c. Retained earnings and dividends policy

d. Special reserve

e. Other equity items

f. Non-controlling interests

22. REVENUE

b. Contract balances

c. Disaggregation of revenue

All Cosmos Bio-Tech Holding Corporation Audit Report / Information 2021