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ABB Ltd

Earnings Release Apr 17, 2019

803_10-q_2019-04-17_6872f6b2-50ee-4f50-bdca-dd85381ed845.pdf

Earnings Release

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ZURICH, SWITZERLAND, APRIL 17, 2019: FIRST QUARTER HIGHLIGHTS

Resilient growth

  • – Total orders +3%1 , order backlog +6%
  • Base orders +6%, higher in all divisions and regions
  • – Revenues +4%, book-to-bill2 1.11x
  • Operational EBITA margin2 11.2%, impacted 100 basis points by GEIS dilution and a further 100 basis points by stranded costs
  • Net income \$535 million, -6%
  • – Operational EPS2 \$0.31, +5%3
  • Cash flow from operating activities -\$256 million; solid cash delivery expected for the full year
  • Global software partnership agreement with Dassault Systèmes announced

"We delivered another quarter of solid orders and revenue growth demonstrating the quality and resilience of our portfolio despite the softening we have seen in some of our end-markets, particularly in discrete manufacturing and the automotive sector," said ABB CFO Timo Ihamuotila.

"We remain firmly focused on operational performance and the integration of GEIS; excluding the GEIS impact, our operational margin improved. We are well on track with the Power Grids separation and our four new leading businesses started operations on April 1 as planned."

KEY FIGURES CHANGE
\$ in millions, unless otherwise indicated Q1 2019 Q1 2018 US \$ Comparable1
Orders 7,613 7,555 +1% +3%
Revenues 6,847 6,441 +6% +4%
Income from operations 590 626 -6%
Operational EBITA2 766 752 +2% +10%4
as % of operational revenues 11.2% 11.7% -0.5pts
Income from continuing operations,
net of tax
415 414 +0%
Net income attributable to ABB 535 572 -6%
Basic EPS (\$) 0.25 0.27 -6%3
Operational EPS (\$)2 0.31 0.31 -3%3 +5%3
Cash flow from operating activities5 -256 -518 +51%

On December 17, 2018, ABB announced an agreed sale of its Power Grids division. Consequently, the results of the Power Grids business are presented as discontinued operations. The company's results for all periods have been adjusted accordingly.

Short-term outlook

Macroeconomic signs are mixed in Europe with growth expected to continue in the US and China. The overall global market is growing, with rising geopolitical uncertainties in various parts of the world. Oil prices and foreign exchange translation effects are expected to continue to influence the company's results.

1 Growth rates for orders, order backlog and revenues are on a comparable basis (local currency adjusted for acquisitions and divestitures).

2 For non-GAAP measures, see the "Supplemental Financial Information" attachment to the press release.

3 EPS growth rates are computed using unrounded amounts. Comparable operational earnings per share is in constant currency (2014 exchange rates not adjusted for changes in the business portfolio).

4 Constant currency (not adjusted for portfolio changes).

5 Amount represents total for both continuing and discontinued operations.

Q1 2019 Group results

Orders

Total orders were up 3 percent (1 percent in US dollars), led by order growth in the Electrification Products and Robotics and Motion divisions. Orders were well-supported by positive base order momentum. Thirdparty base orders were up 6 percent (8 percent in US dollars); all divisions and regions were up during the quarter. Large orders were below the prior year period and represented 3 percent of total orders, down from 10 percent. The order backlog was up 6 percent (2 percent in US dollars) compared to a year ago, ending the quarter at \$13.9 billion.

Service orders were up 6 percent (6 percent in US dollars). Service orders represent 20 percent of total orders, up from 19 percent last year.

Changes in the business portfolio including impacts from the acquisition of GE Industrial Solutions ("GEIS") and from the establishment of the Linxon Joint Venture resulted in a net positive impact of 4 percent on total orders. Foreign exchange translation effects had a net negative impact of 6 percent on total orders.

Market overview

Performance on a regional basis was balanced during the quarter:

  • Total orders from Europe were 3 percent lower (8 percent in US dollars), driven mainly by lower large orders. Positive contributions from Denmark, France and Italy were outweighed by declines in Germany, Norway and Sweden. Base orders grew 6 percent in Europe.
  • Total orders from the Americas increased 9 percent (28 percent in US dollars). Orders from the United States rose 7 percent (33 percent in US dollars) and good growth was also evident in Canada and several South American countries including Chile. Base orders were up 7 percent in the Americas.
  • In Asia, Middle East and Africa (AMEA), total orders were up 5 percent (7 percent lower in US dollars), with strong growth from Singapore, Japan, Australia, South Korea and China more than offsetting slower performance from countries including Saudi Arabia, Egypt, South Africa and India. In China, orders increased 6 percent (5 percent in US dollars). Base orders were 4 percent higher in the AMEA region.

Demand was mixed across ABB's key customer segments:

  • In industries, order momentum continued to be strong in select process industries such as from pulp and paper and mining customers, reflecting increased maintenance spend alongside a supportive commodity price environment. This benefited particularly ABB's motion and industrial automation orders intake, including healthy demand for services offerings and ABB Ability™ solutions. Discrete manufacturing and automotive sector activity slowed during the quarter, while 3C activity remained subdued.
  • Transport and infrastructure demand was healthy, with continued investments in rail and specialty marine vessels. Orders for ABB's e-mobility offering and for data center infrastructure grew strongly. Construction demand was robust, with ongoing investment in commercial buildings such as hospitals and resorts.

Revenues

Revenues improved 4 percent (6 percent in US dollars) with strong growth in Electrification Products and Robotics and Motion, and a steady performance in Industrial Automation.

Service revenues were up 6 percent (6 percent in US dollars). Services represented 19 percent of total revenues, the same level as in the prior year period.

Business portfolio changes including impacts from the acquisition of GEIS and from the establishment of the Linxon JV contributed a net positive of 9 percent to reported revenues. Changes in exchange rates resulted in a negative translation impact on reported revenues of 7 percent.

The book-to-bill ratio for the quarter was 1.11x compared to 1.17x in the previous year period.

Operational EBITA

Operational EBITA of \$766 million was up 2 percent in US dollars (10 percent in local currencies) compared to the prior year period. The operational EBITA margin stood at 11.2 percent and was 50 basis points lower year-on-year.

In the first quarter period, the impact of GEIS' integration on the operational EBITA margin was approximately 100 basis points while stranded costs weighed a further 100 basis points. Stranded costs are services provided by the group to Power Grids that do not qualify to be reported as discontinued operations and which the group expects to be predominantly transferred to Power Grids or eliminated by the closing of the transaction, which is expected by first half of 2020. Stranded costs of \$67 million were recognized in the Corporate and Other operational EBITA result, \$9 million lower than the previous year.

Net income, basic and operational earnings per share

Net income from continuing operations was \$415 million. Discontinued operations realized \$149 million net income. Group net income attributable to ABB was \$535 million, 6 percent lower year on year. Basic earnings per share was \$0.25, 6 percent lower year on year. Operational earnings per share of \$0.31 was 3 percent lower and up 5 percent in constant currency terms3 .

Cash flow from operating activities

Cash flow from operating activities of -\$256 million compares to -\$518 million in the first quarter of 2018. Compared to the prior year quarter, cash flow from operating activities in continuing operations strengthened to -\$97 million from -\$365 million, while cash flow from discontinued operations of -\$159 million was steady versus the prior year period.

In the first quarter 2019, cash flow from continuing operating activities benefited from the delayed payment of employee incentives and strong milestone payment collection from ongoing projects, which outweighed high payments for inventory. ABB expects solid cash delivery for the full year, weighted to the second half.

Net working capital as a percentage of revenues was 11.2 percent, from 12.9 percent in the prior year period.

Q1 divisional performance

CHANGE CHANGE CHANGE
(\$ in millions, unless
otherwise indicated)
Orders US\$ Compa
rable1
3rd party
base
orders
US\$ Compa
rable1
Revenues US\$ Compa
rable1
Op
EBITA
CHANGE
Electrification
Products
3,363 +21% +6% 3,227 +22% +5% 3,057 +23% +5% 12.4% -2.8pts
Industrial
Automation
1,884 -11% -5% 1,796 +1% +7% 1,738 -7% +0% 13.0% -1.1pts
Robotics and
Motion
2,545 -1% +5% 2,273 -2% +4% 2,229 +1% +7% 15.1% -0.2pts
Corporate & Other (179) 8 (177) (174)
ABB Group 7,613 +1% +3% 7,304 +8% +6% 6,847 +6% +4% 11.2% -0.5pts

Effective October 1, 2018, the Power Grids division was moved from continuing to discontinued operations. All previously reported amounts have been restated consistent with these portfolio changes. Corporate & Other result is inclusive of inter-division eliminations.

Electrification Products

Total orders were up 6 percent (21 percent in US dollars) and third-party base orders were up 5 percent (22 percent in US dollars). All business areas grew, with strength evident in systems and low voltage products, especially in data centers and EV charging. On a regional basis, orders grew across all geographies. Revenues improved 5 percent (23 percent in US dollars). Operational EBITA margin was 280 basis points lower year-on-year at 12.4 percent, mainly reflecting 270 basis points dilution from GEIS which, prior to being acquired by ABB, in Q1 and Q2 2018 also exhibited relative margin weakness. Excluding GEIS, margins benefited from positive volumes offset by mix effects.

Industrial Automation

Total orders were 5 percent lower (11 percent in US dollars), weighed by a tough comparative base for large orders, particularly in the European region. Third-party base orders advanced well, up 7 percent (1 percent in US dollars), evidencing strong demand from process industries and in marine. The order backlog was up 2 percent (5 percent lower in US dollars) at quarter end compared to the prior year period. Revenues were steady in comparable terms (7 percent lower in US dollars). The operational EBITA margin at 13.0 percent reflects mainly negative mix effects and investments in growth.

Robotics and Motion

Total orders were up 5 percent (steady in US dollars), despite a tough comparative base and a more challenging market environment. Order growth was strong for drives and motors, reflecting continued growth in process industries. In robotics, order growth was steady, with higher awards of solutions orders. On a regional basis, order growth was led by AMEA. The order backlog ended the quarter up 9 percent (2 percent in US dollars). Revenues improved 7 percent (1 percent in US dollars) while the operational EBITA margin at 15.1 percent was 20 basis points lower compared to the prior year period, primarily due to mix effects in robotics.

A leader focused in digital industries

On December 17, 2018, ABB announced fundamental actions to focus, simplify and lead in digital industries for enhanced customer value and shareholder returns. For further information please see ABB.com/writingthe-future. On February 28, 2019, ABB presented its Strategy, including details of its four leading businesses to the investor and analyst community at a Strategy update event. For further information please see ABB.com/strategy-update-2019.

ABB's management team has established two clear priorities for 2019: running the business and managing the transformation.

Business highlights

During the first quarter, a continued focus on profitable growth delivered another solid quarter of revenue growth demonstrating the quality in the new ABB portfolio. ABB announced on March 26, 2019, that it had been awarded a contract to supply a comprehensive power and propulsion package, including ABB Ability™ solutions, for the construction of China's first domestically built cruise ship.

GEIS' business unit integration with existing Electrification Products' business lines continued apace. ABB remains on track to deliver the expected ~\$200 million of annual cost synergies during 2022.

A significant global software partnership agreement with Dassault Systèmes was announced February 28, 2019, adding to ABB's strong partner network for industrial digitalization, including Microsoft Azure and HPE. With this partnership, ABB will develop and provide customers with advanced digital twins, enabling customers to run ABB Ability™ solutions and their operations with improved efficiency, flexibility and sustainability.

ABB strengthened its relationship with Ericsson, signing a Memorandum of Understanding on April 1, 2019. The two companies will collaborate in the research of wireless automation technologies, focusing on "factory of the future" opportunities enabled by 5G connectivity.

Transformation update

Several of ABB's transformation milestones were achieved during the first quarter. An experienced management team is now in place to lead the Power Grids' carve-out process and the separation of the business is on track. The implementation of ABB's new operating model, ABB-OS™, is underway. A strong project team to oversee the simplification program for ABB-OS™ has been in place since the start of the first quarter. During the quarter, a new, business-led board that will govern ABB's Global Business Services efforts was established and the sales organization was transferred to the businesses. Effective April 1, 2019, ABB's four leading businesses became operational.

ABB expects a total of ~\$500 million annual run-rate cost reductions across the group with \$150-200 million run-rate targeted during 2019 and the full run-rate targeted during 2021. ABB-OS™ savings in 2019 will be achieved mainly through the streamlining of group functions and country organizations as they move to the businesses and the establishment of a new leaner Corporate structure.

Short- and long-term outlook

Macroeconomic signs are mixed in Europe with growth expected to continue in the US and China. The overall global market is growing, with rising geopolitical uncertainties in various parts of the world. Oil prices and foreign exchange translation effects are expected to continue to influence the company's results.

ABB's four new businesses are either the global #1 or #2 player in attractive markets with strong secular drivers. The company's addressable market for its new businesses Electrification, Industrial Automation, Motion, and Robotics and Discrete Automation is expected to grow long term by 3.5-4 percent per annum.

More information

The Q1 results press release and presentation slides are available on the ABB News Center at www.abb.com/news and on the Investor Relations homepage at www.abb.com/investorrelations.

ABB will host a media call today starting at 09:00 a.m. Central European Summer Time (CEST) (08:00 a.m. BST, 03:00 a.m. EDT). The event will be accessible by conference call. The media conference call dial-in numbers are:

UK +44 207 107 0613 Sweden +46 8 5051 0031 Rest of Europe, +41 58 310 5000 US and Canada +1 866 291 4166 (toll-free) or +1 631 570 5613 (long-distance charges) Lines will be open 10-15 minutes before the start of the call.

A conference call and webcast for analysts and investors is scheduled to begin today at 2:00 p.m. CEST (1:00 p.m. BST, 08:00 a.m. EDT). The webcast will be accessible on the ABB website at: new.abb.com/investorrelations/. The analyst and investor conference call dial-in numbers are: UK +44 207 107 0613 Sweden +46 8 5051 0031 Rest of Europe +41 58 310 5000 US and Canada +1 866 291 4166 (toll-free) or +1 631 570 5613 (long-distance charges)

A recorded session will be available as a webcast one hour after the end of the conference call.

ABB (ABBN: SIX Swiss Ex) is a pioneering technology leader with a comprehensive offering for digital industries. With a history of innovation spanning more than 130 years, ABB is today a leader in digital industries with four customer-focused, globally leading businesses: Electrification, Industrial Automation, Motion, and Robotics & Discrete Automation, supported by its common ABB Ability™ digital platform. ABB's market-leading Power Grids business will be divested to Hitachi in 2020. ABB operates in more than 100 countries with about 147,000 employees. www.abb.com

INVESTOR CALENDAR 2019

May 2, 2019 Annual General Meeting
May 7, 2019* Ex-dividend
July 25, 2019 Second Quarter 2019 results
October 23, 2019 Third Quarter 2019 results

*assuming shareholders approve the dividend at ABB's AGM

Important notice about forward-looking information

This press release includes forward-looking information and statements as well as other statements concerning the outlook for our business, including those in the sections of this release titled "Short-term outlook", "Operational EBITA", "Cash flow from operating activities", "Transformation update" and "Short and long-term outlook". These statements are based on current expectations, estimates and projections about the factors that may affect our future performance, including global economic conditions, the economic conditions of the regions and industries that are major markets for ABB Ltd. These expectations, estimates and projections are generally identifiable by statements containing words such as "anticipates", "aims", "expects," "believes," "estimates," "targets," "plans," "is likely", "intends" or similar expressions. However, there are many risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control, that could cause our actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking information and statements made in this press release and which could affect our ability to achieve any or all of our stated targets. The important factors that could cause such differences include, among others, business risks associated with the volatile global economic environment and political conditions, costs associated with compliance activities, market acceptance of new products and services, changes in governmental regulations and currency exchange rates and such other factors as may be discussed from time to time in ABB Ltd's filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, including its Annual Reports on Form 20-F. Although ABB Ltd believes that its expectations reflected in any such forward-looking statement are based upon reasonable assumptions, it can give no assurance that those expectations will be achieved.

Zurich, April 17, 2019

Timo Ihamuotila, CFO

— For more information, please contact:

Media Relations Phone: +41 43 317 71 11 E-mail: [email protected] Investor Relations Phone: +41 43 317 71 11 E-mail: [email protected] ABB Ltd Affolternstrasse 44 8050 Zurich Switzerland

April 17, 2019

Q1 2019 Financial information

— Financial Information Contents


03
05
Key
Figures

06
32
Consolidated
Financial
Information
(unaudited)
33

41
Supplemental
Reconciliations
and
Definitions

Key Figures

CHANGE
(\$ in millions, unless otherwise indicated) Q1 2019 Q1 2018 US\$ Comparable(1)
Orders 7,613 7,555 1% 3%
Order backlog (end March) 13,853 13,624 2% 6%
Revenues 6,847 6,441 6% 4%
Income from operations 590 626 -6%
Operational EBITA(1) 766 752 2% 10%(2)
as % of operational revenues(1) 11.2% 11.7% -0.5 pts
Income from continuing operations, net of tax 415 414 0%
Net income attributable to ABB 535 572 -6%
Basic earnings per share from continuing operations (\$) 0.19 0.19 0%(3)
Basic earnings per share (\$) 0.25 0.27 -6%(3)
Operational earnings per share(1) (\$) 0.31 0.31 -3%(3) 5%(3)
Cash flow from operating activities(4) (256) (518)

(1) For a reconciliation of non-GAAP measures see "Supplemental Reconciliations and Definitions" on page 33.

(2) Constant currency (not adjusted for portfolio changes).

(3) Earnings per share growth rates are computed using unrounded amounts. Comparable Operational earnings per share growth is in constant currency (2014 foreign exchange rates and not adjusted for changes in the business portfolio).

(4) Cash flow from operating activities includes both continuing and discontinued operations.

CHANGE
(\$ in millions, unless otherwise indicated) Q1 2019 Q1 2018 US\$ Local Comparable
Orders ABB Group 7,613 7,555 1% 7% 3%
Electrification Products 3,363 2,786 21% 28% 6%
Industrial Automation 1,884 2,117 -11% -5% -5%
Robotics and Motion 2,545 2,579 -1% 5% 5%
Corporate and Other
(incl. inter-division eliminations) (179) 73
Third-party base orders ABB Group 7,304 6,759 8% 15% 6%
Electrification Products 3,227 2,647 22% 29% 5%
Industrial Automation 1,796 1,787 1% 7% 7%
Robotics and Motion 2,273 2,313 -2% 4% 4%
Corporate and Other 8 12
Order backlog (end March) ABB Group 13,853 13,624 2% 9% 6%
Electrification Products 4,394 3,441 28% 36% 6%
Industrial Automation 5,297 5,595 -5% 2% 2%
Robotics and Motion 4,341 4,261 2% 9% 9%
Corporate and Other
(incl. inter-division eliminations) (179) 327
Revenues ABB Group 6,847 6,441 6% 13% 4%
Electrification Products 3,057 2,494 23% 30% 5%
Industrial Automation 1,738 1,859 -7% 0% 0%
Robotics and Motion 2,229 2,209 1% 7% 7%
Corporate and Other
(incl. inter-division eliminations) (177) (121)
Income from operations ABB Group 590 626
Electrification Products 297 325
Industrial Automation 198 237
Robotics and Motion 325 313
Corporate and Other
(incl. inter-division eliminations) (230) (249)
Income from operations % ABB Group 8.6% 9.7%
Electrification Products 9.7% 13.0%
Industrial Automation 11.4% 12.7%
Robotics and Motion 14.6% 14.2%
Operational EBITA ABB Group 766 752 2% 10%
Electrification Products 377 377 0% 8%
Industrial Automation 226 262 -14% -8%
Robotics and Motion 337 338 0% 6%
(1)
Corporate and Other
(incl. inter-division eliminations) (174) (225)
Operational EBITA % ABB Group 11.2% 11.7%
Electrification Products 12.4% 15.2%
Industrial Automation 13.0% 14.1%
Robotics and Motion 15.1% 15.3%
Cash flow from operating activities ABB Group (256) (518)
Electrification Products (2) 81
Industrial Automation 40 79
Robotics and Motion 175 73
Corporate and Other
(incl. inter-division eliminations) (310) (598)
Discontinued operations (159) (153)

(1) Corporate and Other includes Stranded corporate costs of \$67 million and \$76 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Operational EBITA

Electrification Industrial Robotics
(\$ in millions, unless otherwise indicated) ABB Products Automation and Motion
Q1 19 Q1 18 Q1 19 Q1 18 Q1 19 Q1 18 Q1 19 Q1 18
Revenues 6,847 6,441 3,057 2,494 1,738 1,859 2,229 2,209
FX/commodity timing
differences in total revenues (11) (1) (5) (6) (1) (1) (4) 1
Operational revenues 6,836 6,440 3,052 2,488 1,737 1,858 2,225 2,210
Income from operations 590 626 297 325 198 237 325 313
Acquisition-related amortization 68 63 29 20 20 23 14 16
Restructuring, related and
implementation costs 68 7 40 4 5 2 3 4
Changes in obligations related to
divested businesses 3 7
Gains and losses from sale of businesses 1 6 1 3
Acquisition- and divestment-related expenses
and integration costs 24 25 22 24 1
Certain other non-operational items 33 5 1 (2) 2 3 1
FX/commodity timing
differences in income from operations (21) 13 (13) 6 1 (4) (8) 4
Operational EBITA 766 752 377 377 226 262 337 338
Operational EBITA margin (%) 11.2% 11.7% 12.4% 15.2% 13.0% 14.1% 15.1% 15.3%

Depreciation and Amortization

Electrification Industrial Robotics
(\$ in millions) ABB Products Automation and Motion
Q1 19 Q1 18 Q1 19 Q1 18 Q1 19 Q1 18 Q1 19 Q1 18
Depreciation 144 141 65 52 17 17 34 35
Amortization 87 75 37 23 21 24 16 17
including total acquisition-related amortization of: 68 63 29 20 20 23 14 16

Orders received and revenues by region

(\$ in millions, unless otherwise indicated) Orders received CHANGE Revenues CHANGE
Com- Com
Q1 19 Q1 18 US\$ Local parable Q1 19 Q1 18 US\$ Local parable
Europe 2,781 3,026 -8% 0% -3% 2,447 2,476 -1% 8% 4%
The Americas 2,232 1,746 28% 31% 9% 2,198 1,719 28% 31% 6%
Asia, Middle East and Africa 2,541 2,720 -7% -2% 5% 2,149 2,187 -2% 4% 2%
Intersegment orders/revenues(1) 59 63 53 59
ABB Group 7,613 7,555 1% 7% 3% 6,847 6,441 6% 13% 4%

(1) Intersegment orders/revenues include sales to the Power Grids business which is presented as discontinued operations and are not eliminated from Total orders/revenues.

Consolidated Financial Information

ABB Ltd Interim Consolidated Income Statements (unaudited)

Three months ended
(\$ in millions, except per share data in \$) Mar. 31, 2019 Mar. 31, 2018
Sales of products 5,560 5,227
Sales of services and other 1,287 1,214
Total revenues 6,847 6,441
Cost of sales of products (3,877) (3,598)
Cost of services and other (761) (716)
Total cost of sales (4,638) (4,314)
Gross profit 2,209 2,127
Selling, general and administrative expenses (1,355) (1,245)
Non-order related research and development expenses (285) (273)
Other income (expense), net 21 17
Income from operations 590 626
Interest and dividend income 19 22
Interest and other finance expense (62) (89)
Non-operational pension (cost) credit 23 27
Income from continuing operations before taxes 570 586
Provision for taxes (155) (172)
Income from continuing operations, net of tax 415 414
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax 149 186
Net income 564 600
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests (29) (28)
Net income attributable to ABB 535 572
Amounts attributable to ABB shareholders:
Income from continuing operations, net of tax 397 399
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax 138 173
Net income 535 572
Basic earnings per share attributable to ABB shareholders:
Income from continuing operations, net of tax 0.19 0.19
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax 0.06 0.08
Net income 0.25 0.27
Diluted earnings per share attributable to ABB shareholders:
Income from continuing operations, net of tax 0.19 0.19
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax 0.06 0.08
Net income 0.25 0.27
Weighted-average number of shares outstanding (in millions) used to compute:
Basic earnings per share attributable to ABB shareholders 2,132 2,134
Diluted earnings per share attributable to ABB shareholders 2,134 2,145

Due to rounding, numbers presented may not add to the totals provided.

See Notes to the Interim Consolidated Financial Information

ABB Ltd Interim Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (unaudited)

Three months ended
(\$ in millions) Mar. 31, 2019 Mar. 31, 2018
Total comprehensive income, net of tax 562 792
Total comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax (35) (44)
Total comprehensive income attributable to ABB shareholders, net of tax 527 748

Due to rounding, numbers presented may not add to the totals provided.

See Notes to the Interim Consolidated Financial Information

ABB Ltd Consolidated Balance Sheets (unaudited)

(\$ in millions, except share data) Mar. 31, 2019 Dec. 31, 2018
Cash and equivalents 2,734 3,445
Marketable securities and short-term investments 833 712
Receivables, net 6,499 6,386
Contract assets 1,094 1,082
Inventories, net 4,459 4,284
Prepaid expenses 252 176
Other current assets 631 616
Current assets held for sale 5,305 5,164
Total current assets 21,807 21,865
Property, plant and equipment, net 4,082 4,133
Operating lease right-of-use assets 1,103
Goodwill 10,765 10,764
Other intangible assets, net 2,527 2,607
Prepaid pension and other employee benefits 82 83
Investments in equity-accounted companies 92 87
Deferred taxes 994 1,006
Other non-current assets 473 469
Non-current assets held for sale 3,677 3,427
Total assets 45,602 44,441
Accounts payable, trade 4,081 4,424
Contract liabilities 1,690 1,707
Short-term debt and current maturities of long-term debt 1,468 2,031
Current operating leases 323
Provisions for warranties 937 948
Other provisions 1,370 1,372
Other current liabilities 3,896 3,780
Current liabilities held for sale 4,018 4,185
Total current liabilities 17,783 18,447
Long-term debt 7,050 6,587
Non-current operating leases 795
Pension and other employee benefits 1,754 1,828
Deferred taxes 896 927
Other non-current liabilities 1,644 1,689
Non-current liabilities held for sale 578 429
Total liabilities 30,500 29,907
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders' equity:
Common stock, CHF 0.12 par value
(2,168,148,264 issued shares at March 31, 2019, and December 31, 2018) 188 188
Additional paid-in capital 70 56
Retained earnings 20,411 19,839
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (5,355) (5,311)
Treasury stock, at cost
(36,128,111 and 36,185,858 shares at March 31, 2019, and December 31, 2018, respectively) (819) (820)
Total ABB stockholders' equity 14,495 13,952
Noncontrolling interests 607 582
Total stockholders' equity 15,102 14,534
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity 45,602 44,441

Due to rounding, numbers presented may not add to the totals provided.

See Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information

ABB Ltd Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited)

Three months ended
(\$ in millions) Mar. 31, 2019 Mar. 31, 2018
Operating activities:
Net income 564 600
Less: Income from discontinued operations, net of tax (149) (186)
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization 231 216
Deferred taxes (29) (4)
Net loss (gain) from derivatives and foreign exchange (26) 61
Net loss (gain) from sale of property, plant and equipment (34) (26)
Net loss (gain) from sale of businesses 1 6
Share-based payment arrangements 11 10
Other (26)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Trade receivables, net (85) (9)
Contract assets and liabilities (28) (144)
Inventories, net (213) (246)
Accounts payable, trade (307) (94)
Accrued liabilities 154 (224)
Provisions, net (18) (93)
Income taxes payable and receivable 11 (32)
Other assets and liabilities, net (154) (200)
Net cash used in operating activities – continuing operations (97) (365)
Net cash used in operating activities – discontinued operations (159) (153)
Net cash used in operating activities (256) (518)
Investing activities:
Purchases of investments (530) (17)
Purchases of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets (207) (191)
Acquisition of businesses (net of cash acquired) and increases in cost- and equity-accounted companies (2) (4)
Proceeds from investments 420 277
Proceeds from maturity of investments 124
Proceeds from sales of property, plant and equipment 48 24
Proceeds from sales of businesses (net of transaction costs and cash disposed) and cost- and
equity-accounted companies (21) (10)
Net cash from settlement of foreign currency derivatives 2 5
Other investing activities (8)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities – continuing operations (290) 200
Net cash used in investing activities – discontinued operations (44) (45)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities (334) 155
Financing activities:
Net changes in debt with original maturities of 90 days or less 456 213
Increase in debt 861 4
Repayment of debt (1,440) (40)
Delivery of shares 2
Purchase of treasury stock (250)
Dividends paid to noncontrolling shareholders (2) (5)
Other financing activities 16 15
Net cash used in financing activities – continuing operations (109) (61)
Net cash used in financing activities – discontinued operations (24) (3)
Net cash used in financing activities (133) (64)
Effects of exchange rate changes on cash and equivalents 12 63
Net change in cash and equivalents (711) (364)
Cash and equivalents, beginning of period 3,445 4,526
Cash and equivalents, end of period 2,734 4,162
Supplementary disclosure of cash flow information:
Interest paid 58 62
Income taxes paid 226 294

Due to rounding, numbers presented may not add to the totals provided.

See Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information

ABB Ltd Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity (unaudited)

Accumulated
Additional other Total ABB Non Total
Common paid-in Retained comprehensive Treasury stockholders' controlling stockholders'
(\$ in millions) stock capital earnings loss stock equity interests equity
Balance at January 1, 2018 188 29 19,594 (4,345) (647) 14,819 530 15,349
Cumulative effect of changes in
accounting principles (192) (9) (201) (201)
Comprehensive income:
Net income 572 572 28 600
Foreign currency translation
adjustments, net of tax of \$(1) 180 180 16 196
Effect of change in fair value of
available-for-sale securities,
net of tax of \$(1) (4) (4) (4)
Unrecognized income (expense)
related to pensions and other
postretirement plans,
net of tax of \$(3) 10 10 10
Change in derivatives qualifying as
cash flow hedges, net of tax of \$(3) (10) (10) (10)
Total comprehensive income 748 44 792
Changes in noncontrolling interests (18) (18)
Dividends to
noncontrolling shareholders (7) (7)
Dividends payable to shareholders (1,735) (1,735) (1,735)
Share-based payment arrangements 12 12 12
Purchase of treasury stock (249) (249) (249)
Delivery of shares (1) 3 2 2
Balance at March 31, 2018 188 39 18,239 (4,178) (893) 13,395 549 13,944
Balance at January 1, 2019 188 56 19,839 (5,311) (820) 13,952 582 14,534
Adoption of accounting
standard update 36 (36)
Comprehensive income:
Net income 535 535 29 564
Foreign currency translation
adjustments, net of tax of \$0 (51) (51) 6 (45)
Effect of change in fair value of
available-for-sale securities,
net of tax of \$1 6 6 6

net of tax of \$17 33 33 33

cash flow hedges, net of tax of \$0 4 4 4 Total comprehensive income 527 35 562 Changes in noncontrolling interests 1 1 (2) (1)

noncontrolling shareholders (7) (7) Share-based payment arrangements 13 13 13 Delivery of shares (1) 1 – – Balance at March 31, 2019 188 70 20,411 (5,355) (819) 14,495 607 15,102

Due to rounding, numbers presented may not add to the totals provided.

See Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information

Unrecognized income (expense) related to pensions and other postretirement plans,

Change in derivatives qualifying as

Dividends to

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Information (unaudited)

Note 1 The Company and basis of presentation

ABB Ltd and its subsidiaries (collectively, the Company) together form a pioneering technology leader with a comprehensive offering for digital industries. ABB is a leader in digital industries with customer-focused, globally leading businesses.

The Company's Consolidated Financial Information is prepared in accordance with United States of America generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP) for interim financial reporting. As such, the Consolidated Financial Information does not include all the information and notes required under U.S. GAAP for annual consolidated financial statements. Therefore, such financial information should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements in the Company's Annual Report for the year ended December 31, 2018.

The preparation of financial information in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make assumptions and estimates that directly affect the amounts reported in the Consolidated Financial Information. The most significant, difficult and subjective of such accounting assumptions and estimates include:

  • estimates and assumptions used in determining the fair values of assets and liabilities assumed in business combinations,
  • assumptions used in the determination of corporate costs directly attributable to discontinued operations,
  • assumptions used in determining inventory obsolescence and net realizable value,
  • estimates used to record expected costs for employee severance in connection with restructuring programs,
  • assumptions and projections, principally related to future material, labor and project related overhead costs, used in determining the percentage of completion on projects, as well as the amount of variable consideration the Company expects to be entitled to,
  • estimates of loss contingencies associated with litigation or threatened litigation and other claims and inquiries, environmental damages, product warranties, self-insurance reserves, regulatory and other proceedings,
  • assumptions used in the calculation of pension and postretirement benefits and the fair value of pension plan assets,
  • estimates to determine valuation allowances for deferred tax assets and amounts recorded for uncertain tax positions,
  • growth rates, discount rates and other assumptions used to determine impairment of long lived assets and in testing goodwill for impairment, and
  • assessment of the allowance for doubtful accounts.

The actual results and outcomes may differ from the Company's estimates and assumptions.

A portion of the Company's activities (primarily long-term construction activities) has an operating cycle that exceeds one year. For classification of current assets and liabilities related to such activities, the Company elected to use the duration of the individual contracts as its operating cycle. Accordingly, there are accounts receivable, contract assets, inventories and provisions related to these contracts which will not be realized within one year that have been classified as current.

Basis of presentation

In the opinion of management, the unaudited Consolidated Financial Information contains all necessary adjustments to present fairly the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the reported periods. Management considers all such adjustments to be of a normal recurring nature.

The Company has retained obligations (primarily for environmental and taxes) related to businesses disposed or otherwise exited that qualified as discontinued operations. Changes to these retained obligations are recorded in income/loss from discontinued operations, net of tax.

The Consolidated Financial Information is presented in United States dollars (\$) unless otherwise stated. Due to rounding, numbers presented in the Consolidated Financial Information may not add to the totals provided.

Discontinued operations and reclassifications

In December 2018, the Company announced an agreement to divest its Power Grids business to Hitachi Corp. (Japan) (See Note 3 for additional information and relevant disclosures). As a result, this business along with certain real estate assets previously included in Corporate and Other, have been reported as discontinued operations. Financial information and disclosures for prior periods have been retroactively recast to give effect to the discontinued operations presentation.

─ Note 2 Recent accounting pronouncements

Applicable for current periods

Leases

In January 2019, the Company adopted a new accounting standard that requires lessees to recognize lease assets and corresponding lease liabilities on the balance sheet for all leases with terms of more than twelve months with several practical expedients. The new accounting standard continues to classify leases as either finance or operating, with the classification determining the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. It also requires additional disclosures about the Company's leasing activities. The Company has elected to not recognize lease assets and lease liabilities for leases with terms of less than twelve months and to not separate lease and non-lease components for leases other than real estate.

The Company has adopted the standard on a modified retrospective basis and has therefore recorded a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings on January 1, 2019. It has elected to apply the package of practical expedients which permits the Company to not reassess under the new standard prior conclusions about lease identification, lease classification and initial direct costs. While the adoption of this standard only had an insignificant impact on the Company's results of operations and cash flows, total assets and total liabilities increased by \$1,344 million and \$1,360 million, respectively, of which \$148 million and \$153 million, respectively, relate to assets and liabilities held for sale. Comparable information has not been restated to reflect the adoption of this new standard and continues to be measured and reported under the accounting standard in effect for those period presented.

Derivatives and Hedging—Targeted improvements to accounting for hedging activities

In January 2019, the Company adopted an accounting standard update which expands and refines hedge accounting for both financial and non-financial risk components, aligns the recognition and presentation of the effects of hedging instruments and hedge items in the financial statements, and includes certain targeted improvements to ease the application of current guidance related to the assessment of hedge effectiveness. This update was applied on a modified retrospective basis for cash flow and net investment hedges and prospectively for the amended presentation and disclosure guidance but did not have a significant impact on the consolidated financial statements.

Reclassification of certain tax effects from accumulated other comprehensive income

In January 2019, the Company adopted an accounting standard update which allows a reclassification of the stranded tax effects in accumulated other comprehensive income resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 to retained earnings. The updated guidance was applied in the period of adoption and resulted in a reclassification of \$36 million from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings.

Applicable for future periods

Measurement of credit losses on financial instruments

In June 2016, an accounting standard update was issued which replaces the existing incurred loss impairment methodology for most financial assets with a new "current expected credit loss" model. The new model will result in the immediate recognition of the estimated credit losses expected to occur over the remaining life of financial assets such as trade and other receivables, held-to-maturity debt securities, loans and other instruments. Credit losses relating to available-for-sale debt securities will be measured in a manner similar to current GAAP, except that the losses will be recorded through an allowance for credit losses rather than as a direct write-down of the security.

This update is effective for the Company for annual and interim periods beginning January 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted for annual and interim periods beginning January 1, 2019. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this update on its consolidated financial statements.

Customer's accounting for implementation costs incurred in a cloud computing arrangement that is a service contract In August 2018, an accounting standard update was issued which aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. This update is effective for the Company for annual and interim periods beginning January 1, 2020, with early adoption in any interim period permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this update on its consolidated financial statements.

Disclosure Framework — Changes to the disclosure requirements for fair value measurement

In August 2018, an accounting standard update was issued which modifies the disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. The update eliminates the requirements to disclose the amount of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the timing of transfers between levels and the Level 3 valuation process, while expanding the Level 3 disclosures to include the range and weighted-average used to develop significant unobservable inputs and the changes in unrealized gains and losses on recurring fair value measurements. This update is effective for the Company for annual and interim periods beginning January 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. The changes and modifications to the Level 3 disclosures are to be applied prospectively, while all other amendments are to be applied retrospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this update on its disclosures but does not expect that it will have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements.

─ Note 3 Discontinued operations

Held for sale and discontinued operations

The Company reports a disposal, or planned disposal, of a component or a group of components as a discontinued operation if the disposal represents a strategic shift that has or will have a major effect on the Company's operations and financial results. A strategic shift could include a disposal of a major geographical area, a major line of business or other major parts of the Company. A component may be a reportable segment or an operating segment, a reporting unit, a subsidiary, or an asset group.

Assets and liabilities of a component reported as a discontinued operation are presented as held for sale in the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Interest that is not directly attributable to or related to the Company's continuing business or discontinued business is allocated to discontinued operations based on the ratio of net assets to be sold less debt that is required to be paid as a result of the planned disposal transaction to the sum of total net assets of the Company plus consolidated debt. General corporate overhead is not allocated to discontinued operations.

On December 17, 2018, the Company announced an agreement to divest 80.1 percent of its Power Grids business to Hitachi Ltd. (Hitachi) valuing the business at \$11 billion. The business also includes certain real estate properties which were previously reported within Corporate and Other as the Company primarily manages real estate assets centrally as corporate assets. As a result, this business, along with the related real estate assets previously included in Corporate and Other, have been reported as discontinued operations. The divestment is expected to be completed in the first half of 2020, following the receipt of customary regulatory approvals as well as the completion of certain legal entity reorganizations expected to be completed before the sale. Assets and liabilities in the discontinued operation have maintained their existing classification as current or non-current as the sale is not expected to be completed for more than 12 months.

As this planned divestment represents a strategic shift that will have a major effect on the Company's operations and financial results, the results of operations for this business have been presented as discontinued operations and the assets and liabilities are reflected as held-forsale for all periods presented. Financial information and disclosures previously reported as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2018, have been retroactively recast to give effect to the discontinued operations presentation. In addition, amounts relating to stranded corporate costs have been excluded from discontinued operations and are now included as a component of Corporate and Other. Stranded costs represent overhead and other management costs which were previously able to be included in the measure of segment profit (Operational EBITA) for the former Power Grids operating segment but are not directly attributable to the discontinued operation and thus do not qualify to be recorded as part of income from discontinued operations.

Operating results of the discontinued operations are summarized as follows:

Three months ended
(\$ in millions) Mar. 31, 2019 Mar. 31, 2018
Total revenues 2,129 2,385
Total cost of sales (1,590) (1,772)
Gross profit 539 613
Expenses (330) (350)
Income from operations 209 263
Net interest and other finance expense (14) (18)
Non-operational pension (cost) credit 3 3
Income from discontinued operations before taxes 198 248
Provision for taxes (49) (62)
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax 149 186

Of the total Income from discontinued operations before taxes in the table above, \$186 million and \$232 million in the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, are attributable to the Company, while the remainder is attributable to noncontrolling interests.

Income from discontinued operations before taxes excludes stranded costs which were previously able to be allocated to the Power Grids operating segment. As a result, for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, \$67 million and \$76 million, respectively, of allocated overhead and other management costs, which were previously able to be included in the measure of segment profit for the Power Grids operating segment are now reported as part of Corporate and Other. In the table above, Net interest and other finance expense in the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, includes \$13 million and \$9 million, respectively, of interest expense which has been recorded on an allocated basis in accordance with the Company's accounting policy election. In addition, as required by U.S. GAAP, subsequent to December 17, 2018, the Company has not recorded depreciation or amortization on the property, plant and equipment and intangible assets reported as discontinued operations and as a result, a total of \$51 million of depreciation and amortization expense was not recorded in the three months ended March 31, 2019.

Included in the reported Total revenues of the Company for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, are revenues from the Company's operating segments to the Power Grids business of \$53 million and \$59 million, respectively, which represent intercompany transactions that, prior to Power Grids being classified as a discontinued operation, were eliminated in the Company's Consolidated Financial Information (see Note 16).

The major components of assets and liabilities held for sale in the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets are summarized as follows:

(\$ in millions) Mar. 31, 2019 Dec. 31, 2018
Receivables, net 2,389 2,377
Contract assets 1,268 1,236
Inventories, net 1,541 1,457
Other current assets 107 94
Current assets held for sale 5,305 5,164
Property, plant and equipment, net 1,551 1,477
Goodwill 1,621 1,620
Other non-current assets 505 330
Non-current assets held for sale 3,677 3,427
Accounts payable, trade 1,601 1,732
Contract liabilities 1,015 998
Other current liabilities 1,402 1,455
Current liabilities held for sale 4,018 4,185
Pension and other employee benefits 264 268
Other non-current liabilities 314 161
Non-current liabilities held for sale 578 429

Note 4 Acquisitions and divestments

Acquisitions

On June 30, 2018, the Company acquired through numerous share and asset purchases substantially all the assets, liabilities and business activities of GE Industrial Solutions (GEIS), GE's global electrification solutions business. GEIS, headquartered in Atlanta, United States, provides technologies that distribute and control electricity and support the commercial, data center, health care, mining, renewable energy, oil and gas, water and telecommunications sectors. The resulting cash outflows for the Company amounted to \$2,622 million (net of cash acquired of \$192 million). The acquisition strengthens the Company's global position in electrification and expands its access to the North American market through strong customer relationships, a large installed base and extensive distribution networks. Consequently, the goodwill acquired represents expected operating synergies and cost savings as well as intangible assets that are not separable such as employee know-how and expertise.

While the Company uses its best estimates and assumptions as part of the purchase price allocation process to value assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date, the purchase price allocation for acquisitions is preliminary for up to 12 months after the acquisition date and is subject to refinement as more detailed analyses are completed and additional information about the fair values of the acquired assets and liabilities becomes available. Given the timing and complexity of the acquisition of GEIS, the purchase price allocation in the Company's Consolidated Financial Information has not yet been finalized, primarily relating to amounts allocated to net working capital, pension obligations, current and deferred income taxes as well as intangible assets. Changes in allocated amounts could also affect the amount attributable to the noncontrolling interest. At March 31, 2019, the Company is still gathering, analyzing and evaluating relevant information, including certain inputs required for the valuation of intangibles. As a result, amounts recorded in the preliminary purchase price allocation may still change in the second quarter of 2019. The final purchase price adjustments as well as the final fair value determinations could result in material adjustments to the values presented in the preliminary purchase price allocation table below.

The aggregate preliminary allocation (including measurement period adjustments) of the purchase consideration for GEIS, is as follows:

Preliminary Weighted-average
(\$ in millions) allocated amounts useful life
Technology 87 7 years
Customer relationships 214 14 years
Trade names 122 13 years
Supply agreement 34 13 years
Intangible assets 457
Property, plant and equipment 379
Deferred tax liabilities (110)
Inventories 426
Other assets and liabilities, net(1) 101
Goodwill(2) 1,476
Noncontrolling interest (107)
Total consideration (net of cash acquired)(3) 2,622

(1) Gross receivables totaled \$658 million; the fair value of which was \$624 million after adjusting for contractual cash flows not expected to be collected.

(2) The Company expects that goodwill recorded in certain jurisdictions will be tax deductible. The amount is subject to the finalization of the purchase price allocation in 2019.

(3) Cash acquired totaled \$192 million.

The unaudited pro forma financial information in the table below summarizes the combined pro forma results of the Company and GEIS for the three months ended March 31, 2018, as if GEIS had been acquired on January 1, 2017.

Three months ended
(\$ in millions) March 31, 2018
Total revenues 7,054
Income from continuing operations, net of tax 422

The pro forma results are for information purposes only and do not include any anticipated cost synergies or other effects of the planned integration of GEIS. Accordingly, such pro forma amounts are not necessarily indicative of the results that would have occurred had the acquisition been completed on the date indicated, nor are they indicative of the future operating results of the combined company.

The unaudited pro forma results above include certain adjustments related to the GEIS acquisition. The table below summarizes the adjustments necessary to present the pro forma financial information of the combined entity as if GEIS had been acquired on January 1, 2017.

Three months ended
(\$ in millions) March 31, 2018
Impact on cost of sales from additional amortization of intangible assets (5)
Impact on cost of sales from additional depreciation of property, plant and equipment (2)
Impact on selling, general and administrative expenses from additional amortization of intangible assets (2)
Impact on selling, general and administrative expenses from acquisition-related costs 10
Impact on interest from financing costs (14)
Taxation adjustments 4
Total pro forma adjustments (9)

Goodwill

Changes in total goodwill were as follows:

(\$ in millions) Total Goodwill
Balance at January 1, 2018 9,536
Goodwill acquired during the year(1) 1,472
Goodwill allocated to disposals (31)
Exchange rate differences and other (213)
Balance at December 31, 2018 10,764
Measurement period adjustments to goodwill acquired in previous periods 34
Exchange rate differences and other (33)
Balance at March 31, 2019 10,765

(1) Includes primarily goodwill in respect of GEIS, acquired in June 2018, which has been allocated to the Electrification Products operating segment.

Note 5 Cash and equivalents, marketable securities and short-term investments

Cash and equivalents, marketable securities and short-term investments consisted of the following:

March 31, 2019
Marketable
Gross Gross securities
unrealized unrealized Cash and and short-term
(\$ in millions) Cost basis gains losses Fair value equivalents investments
Changes in fair value
recorded in net income
Cash 1,780 1,780 1,780
Time deposits 955 955 954 1
Equity securities 495 9 504 504
3,230 9 3,239 2,734 505
Changes in fair value recorded
in other comprehensive income
Debt securities available-for-sale:
U.S. government obligations 249 2 (2) 249 249
Corporate 77 2 79 79
326 4 (2) 328 328
Total 3,556 13 (2) 3,567 2,734 833
December 31, 2018
Marketable
Gross Gross securities
unrealized unrealized Cash and and short-term
(\$ in millions) Cost basis gains losses Fair value equivalents investments
Changes in fair value
recorded in net income
Cash 1,983 1,983 1,983
Time deposits 1,463 1,463 1,462 1
Other short-term investments 206 206 206
Equity securities 206 (3) 203 203
3,858 (3) 3,855 3,445 410
Changes in fair value recorded
in other comprehensive income
Debt securities available-for-sale:
U.S. government obligations 217 (3) 214 214
Corporate 90 (2) 88 88
307 (5) 302 302
Total 4,165 (8) 4,157 3,445 712

Other short-term investments at December 31, 2018 were receivables of \$206 million, representing reverse repurchase agreements.

Note 6 Derivatives financial instruments

The Company is exposed to certain currency, commodity, interest rate and equity risks arising from its global operating, financing and investing activities. The Company uses derivative instruments to reduce and manage the economic impact of these exposures.

Currency risk

Due to the global nature of the Company's operations, many of its subsidiaries are exposed to currency risk in their operating activities from entering into transactions in currencies other than their functional currency. To manage such currency risks, the Company's policies require its subsidiaries to hedge their foreign currency exposures from binding sales and purchase contracts denominated in foreign currencies. For forecasted foreign currency denominated sales of standard products and the related foreign currency denominated purchases, the Company's policy is to hedge up to a maximum of 100 percent of the forecasted foreign currency denominated exposures, depending on the length of the forecasted exposures. Forecasted exposures greater than 12 months are not hedged. Forward foreign exchange contracts are the main instrument used to protect the Company against the volatility of future cash flows (caused by changes in exchange rates) of contracted and forecasted sales and purchases denominated in foreign currencies. In addition, within its treasury operations, the Company primarily uses

foreign exchange swaps and forward foreign exchange contracts to manage the currency and timing mismatches arising in its liquidity management activities.

Commodity risk

Various commodity products are used in the Company's manufacturing activities. Consequently it is exposed to volatility in future cash flows arising from changes in commodity prices. To manage the price risk of commodities, the Company's policies require that its subsidiaries hedge the commodity price risk exposures from binding contracts, as well as at least 50 percent (up to a maximum of 100 percent) of the forecasted commodity exposure over the next 12 months or longer (up to a maximum of 18 months). Primarily swap contracts are used to manage the associated price risks of commodities.

Interest rate risk

The Company has issued bonds at fixed rates. Interest rate swaps are used to manage the interest rate risk associated with certain debt and generally such swaps are designated as fair value hedges. In addition, from time to time, the Company uses instruments such as interest rate swaps, interest rate futures, bond futures or forward rate agreements to manage interest rate risk arising from the Company's balance sheet structure but does not designate such instruments as hedges.

Equity risk

The Company is exposed to fluctuations in the fair value of its warrant appreciation rights (WARs) issued under its management incentive plan. A WAR gives its holder the right to receive cash equal to the market price of an equivalent listed warrant on the date of exercise. To eliminate such risk, the Company has purchased cash-settled call options, indexed to the shares of the Company, which entitle the Company to receive amounts equivalent to its obligations under the outstanding WARs.

Volume of derivative activity

In general, while the Company's primary objective in its use of derivatives is to minimize exposures arising from its business, certain derivatives are designated and qualify for hedge accounting treatment while others either are not designated or do not qualify for hedge accounting.

Foreign exchange and interest rate derivatives

The gross notional amounts of outstanding foreign exchange and interest rate derivatives (whether designated as hedges or not) were as follows:

Type of derivative Total notional amounts at
(\$ in millions) March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 March 31, 2018
Foreign exchange contracts 12,837 13,612 15,303
Embedded foreign exchange derivatives 766 733 951
Interest rate contracts 3,703 3,300 5,276

Derivative commodity contracts

The Company uses derivatives to hedge its direct or indirect exposure to the movement in the prices of commodities which are primarily copper, silver and aluminum. The following table shows the notional amounts of outstanding derivatives (whether designated as hedges or not), on a net basis, to reflect the Company's requirements for these commodities:

Type of derivative Unit Total notional amounts at
March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 March 31, 2018
Copper swaps metric tonnes 45,365 46,143 32,238
Silver swaps ounces 2,513,033 2,861,294 2,293,832
Aluminum swaps metric tonnes 9,347 9,491 1,961

Equity derivatives

At March 31, 2019, December 31, 2018, and March 31, 2018, the Company held 40 million, 41 million and 35 million cash-settled call options indexed to ABB Ltd shares (conversion ratio 5:1) with a total fair value of \$4 million, \$6 million and \$20 million, respectively.

Cash flow hedges

As noted above, the Company mainly uses forward foreign exchange contracts to manage the foreign exchange risk of its operations, commodity swaps to manage its commodity risks and cash-settled call options to hedge its WAR liabilities. Where such instruments are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the changes in their fair value is recorded in "Accumulated other comprehensive loss" and subsequently reclassified into earnings in the same line item and in the same period as the underlying hedged transaction affects earnings.

At March 31, 2019, and December 31, 2018, "Accumulated other comprehensive loss" included net unrealized losses of \$13 million and \$16 million, respectively, net of tax, on derivatives designated as cash flow hedges. Of the amount at March 31, 2019, net losses of \$2 million are expected to be reclassified to earnings in the following 12 months. At March 31, 2019, the longest maturity of a derivative classified as a cash flow hedge was 58 months.

The amount of gains or losses, net of tax, reclassified into earnings due to the discontinuance of cash flow hedge accounting and the amount of ineffectiveness in cash flow hedge relationships directly recognized in earnings were not significant in the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.

The pre-tax effects of derivative instruments, designated and qualifying as cash flow hedges, on "Accumulated other comprehensive loss" (OCI) and the Consolidated Income Statements were not significant.

Fair value hedges

To reduce its interest rate exposure arising primarily from its debt issuance activities, the Company uses interest rate swaps. Where such instruments are designated as fair value hedges, the changes in the fair value of these instruments, as well as the changes in the fair value of the risk component of the underlying debt being hedged, are recorded as offsetting gains and losses in "Interest and other finance expense". Hedge ineffectiveness of instruments designated as fair value hedges for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, was not significant.

The effect of interest rate contracts, designated and qualifying as fair value hedges, on the Consolidated Income Statements was as follows:

Three months ended March 31,
(\$ in millions) 2019 2018
Gains (losses) recognized in Interest and other finance expense:
- on derivatives designated as fair value hedges 26 (25)
- on hedged item (26) 26

Derivatives not designated in hedge relationships

Derivative instruments that are not designated as hedges or do not qualify as either cash flow or fair value hedges are economic hedges used for risk management purposes. Gains and losses from changes in the fair values of such derivatives are recognized in the same line in the income statement as the economically hedged transaction.

Furthermore, under certain circumstances, the Company is required to split and account separately for foreign currency derivatives that are embedded within certain binding sales or purchase contracts denominated in a currency other than the functional currency of the subsidiary and the counterparty.

The gains (losses) recognized in the Consolidated Income Statements on derivatives not designated in hedging relationships were as follows:

Type of derivative not Gains (losses) recognized in income
designated as a hedge Three months ended March 31,
(\$ in millions) Location 2019 2018
Foreign exchange contracts Total revenues 3 10
Total cost of sales (37) 9
SG&A expenses(1) (3) (8)
Non-order related research and development (1)
Interest and other finance expense (20) 25
Embedded foreign exchange contracts Total revenues (2) 4
Total cost of sales 1
SG&A expenses(1) 1
Commodity contracts Total cost of sales 18 (16)
Interest and other finance expense 1
Other Interest and other finance expense 2
Total (41) 28

(1) SG&A expenses represent "Selling, general and administrative expenses".

The fair values of derivatives included in the Consolidated Balance Sheets were as follows:

March 31, 2019
Derivative assets Derivative liabilities
Current in Non-current in Current in Non-current in
"Other current "Other non-current "Other current "Other non-current
(\$ in millions) assets" assets" liabilities" liabilities"
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts 2 4
Commodity contracts 1
Interest rate contracts 59
Cash-settled call options 2 2
Total 3 61 2 4
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts 92 13 149 24
Commodity contracts 16 1 5
Embedded foreign exchange derivatives 21 2 11 2
Total 129 16 165 26
Total fair value 132 77 167 30
December 31, 2018
Derivative assets Derivative liabilities
Current in Non-current in Current in Non-current in
"Other current "Other non-current "Other current "Other non-current
(\$ in millions) assets" assets" liabilities" liabilities"
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts 1 4
Commodity contracts 2
Interest rate contracts 35 1
Cash-settled call options 3 3
Total 3 38 3 5
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts 117 14 160 30
Commodity contracts 8 1 21 1
Embedded foreign exchange derivatives 15 10 8 1
Total 140 25 189 32
Total fair value 143 63 192 37

Close-out netting agreements provide for the termination, valuation and net settlement of some or all outstanding transactions between two counterparties on the occurrence of one or more pre-defined trigger events.

Although the Company is party to close-out netting agreements with most derivative counterparties, the fair values in the tables above and in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2019, and December 31, 2018, have been presented on a gross basis.

The Company's netting agreements and other similar arrangements allow net settlements under certain conditions. At March 31, 2019, and December 31, 2018, information related to these offsetting arrangements was as follows:

(\$ in millions) March 31, 2019
Gross amount Derivative liabilities
Cash
Non-cash
Type of agreement or of recognized eligible for set-off collateral collateral Net asset
similar arrangement assets in case of default received received exposure
Derivatives 186 (102) 84
Total 186 (102) 84
(\$ in millions) March 31, 2019
Gross amount Derivative liabilities Cash Non-cash
Type of agreement or of recognized eligible for set-off collateral collateral Net liability
similar arrangement liabilities in case of default pledged pledged exposure
Derivatives 184 (102) 82
Total 184 (102) 82
(\$ in millions) December 31, 2018
Gross amount Derivative liabilities
Cash
Non-cash
Type of agreement or of recognized eligible for set-off collateral collateral Net asset
similar arrangement assets in case of default received received exposure
Derivatives 181 (121) 60
Reverse repurchase agreements 206 (206)
Total 387 (121) (206) 60
(\$ in millions) December 31, 2018
Gross amount Derivative liabilities
Cash
Non-cash
Type of agreement or of recognized eligible for set-off collateral collateral Net liability
similar arrangement liabilities in case of default pledged pledged exposure
Derivatives 220 (121) 99
Total 220 (121) 99

Note 7 Fair values

The Company uses fair value measurement principles to record certain financial assets and liabilities on a recurring basis and, when necessary, to record certain non-financial assets at fair value on a non-recurring basis, as well as to determine fair value disclosures for certain financial instruments carried at amortized cost in the financial statements. Financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis include foreign currency, commodity and interest rate derivatives, as well as cash-settled call options and available-for-sale securities. Non-financial assets recorded at fair value on a non-recurring basis include long-lived assets that are reduced to their estimated fair value due to impairments.

Fair value is the price that would be received when selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In determining fair value, the Company uses various valuation techniques including the market approach (using observable market data for identical or similar assets and liabilities), the income approach (discounted cash flow models) and the cost approach (using costs a market participant would incur to develop a comparable asset). Inputs used to determine the fair value of assets and liabilities are defined by a three-level hierarchy, depending on the nature of those inputs. The Company has categorized its financial assets and liabilities and non-financial assets measured at fair value within this hierarchy based on whether the inputs to the valuation technique are observable or unobservable. An observable input is based on market data obtained from independent sources, while an unobservable input reflects the Company's assumptions about market data.

The levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

  • Level 1: Valuation inputs consist of quoted prices in an active market for identical assets or liabilities (observable quoted prices). Assets and liabilities valued using Level 1 inputs include certain actively traded debt securities.
  • Level 2: Valuation inputs consist of observable inputs (other than Level 1 inputs) such as actively quoted prices for similar assets, quoted prices in inactive markets and inputs other than quoted prices such as interest rate yield curves, credit spreads, or inputs derived from other observable data by interpolation, correlation, regression or other means. The adjustments applied to quoted prices or the inputs used in valuation models may be both observable and unobservable. In these cases, the fair value measurement is classified as Level 2 unless the unobservable portion of the adjustment or the unobservable input to the valuation model is significant, in which case the fair value measurement would be classified as Level 3. Assets and liabilities valued or disclosed using Level 2 inputs include investments in certain funds, reverse repurchase agreements, certain debt securities that are not actively traded, interest rate swaps, commodity swaps, cash-settled call options, forward foreign exchange contracts, foreign exchange swaps and forward rate agreements, time deposits, as well as financing receivables and debt.
  • Level 3: Valuation inputs are based on the Company's assumptions of relevant market data (unobservable input).

Whenever quoted prices involve bid-ask spreads, the Company ordinarily determines fair values based on mid-market quotes. However, for the purpose of determining the fair value of cash-settled call options serving as hedges of the Company's management incentive plan, bid prices are used.

When determining fair values based on quoted prices in an active market, the Company considers if the level of transaction activity for the financial instrument has significantly decreased, or would not be considered orderly. In such cases, the resulting changes in valuation techniques would be disclosed. If the market is considered disorderly or if quoted prices are not available, the Company is required to use another valuation technique, such as an income approach.

Recurring fair value measures

The fair values of financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows:

March 31, 2019
(\$ in millions) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total fair value
Assets
Securities in "Marketable securities and short-term investments":
Equity securities 504 504
Debt securities—U.S. government obligations 249 249
Debt securities—Corporate 79 79
Derivative assets—current in "Other current assets" 132 132
Derivative assets—non-current in "Other non-current assets" 77 77
Total 249 792 1,041
Liabilities
Derivative liabilities—current in "Other current liabilities" 167 167
Derivative liabilities—non-current in "Other non-current liabilities" 30 30
Total 197 197
December 31, 2018
(\$ in millions) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total fair value
Assets
Securities in "Marketable securities and short-term investments":
Equity securities 203 203
Debt securities—U.S. government obligations 214 214
Debt securities—Corporate 88 88
Derivative assets—current in "Other current assets" 143 143
Derivative assets—non-current in "Other non-current assets" 63 63
Total 214 497 711
Liabilities
Derivative liabilities—current in "Other current liabilities" 192 192
Derivative liabilities—non-current in "Other non-current liabilities" 37 37
Total 229 229

The Company uses the following methods and assumptions in estimating fair values of financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

  • Securities in "Marketable securities and short-term investments": If quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets are available, these are considered Level 1 inputs; however, when markets are not active, these inputs are considered Level 2. If such quoted market prices are not available, fair value is determined using market prices for similar assets or present value techniques, applying an appropriate risk-free interest rate adjusted for nonperformance risk. The inputs used in present value techniques are observable and fall into the Level 2 category.
  • Derivatives: The fair values of derivative instruments are determined using quoted prices of identical instruments from an active market, if available (Level 1). If quoted prices are not available, price quotes for similar instruments, appropriately adjusted, or present value techniques, based on available market data, or option pricing models are used. Cash-settled call options hedging the Company's WAR liability are valued based on bid prices of the equivalent listed warrant. The fair values obtained using price quotes for similar instruments or valuation techniques represent a Level 2 input unless significant unobservable inputs are used.

Non-recurring fair value measures

There were no significant non-recurring fair value measurements during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.

Disclosure about financial instruments carried on a cost basis

The fair values of financial instruments carried on a cost basis were as follows:

(\$ in millions) Carrying value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total fair value
Assets
Cash and equivalents (excluding securities with original
maturities up to 3 months):
Cash 1,780 1,780 1,780
Time deposits 954 954 954
Marketable securities and short-term investments
(excluding securities):
Time deposits 1 1 1
Other non-current assets:
Loans granted 31 33 33
Restricted time deposits 36 36 36
Liabilities
Short-term debt and current maturities of long-term debt
(excluding capital lease obligations) 1,437 97 1,340 1,437
Long-term debt (excluding capital lease obligations) 6,899 6,400 711 7,111
(\$ in millions) Carrying value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total fair value
Assets
Cash and equivalents (excluding securities with original
maturities up to 3 months):
Cash 1,983 1,983 1,983
Time deposits 1,462 1,462 1,462
Marketable securities and short-term investments
(excluding securities):
Time deposits 1 1 1
Receivables under reverse repurchase agreements 206 206 206
Other non-current assets:
Loans granted 30 31 31
Restricted time deposits 39 39 39
Liabilities
Short-term debt and current maturities of long-term debt
(excluding capital lease obligations) 2,008 1,480 528 2,008
Long-term debt (excluding capital lease obligations) 6,457 5,839 707 6,546

The Company uses the following methods and assumptions in estimating fair values of financial instruments carried on a cost basis:

• Cash and equivalents (excluding securities with original maturities up to 3 months), and Marketable securities and short-term

investments (excluding securities): The carrying amounts approximate the fair values as the items are short-term in nature. • Other non-current assets: Includes (i) loans granted whose fair values are based on the carrying amount adjusted using a present value technique to reflect a premium or discount based on current market interest rates (Level 2 inputs), and (ii) restricted time deposits whose fair values approximate the carrying amounts (Level 1 inputs).

• Short-term debt and current maturities of long-term debt (excluding capital lease obligations): Short-term debt includes commercial paper, bank borrowings and overdrafts. The carrying amounts of short-term debt and current maturities of long-term debt, excluding capital lease obligations, approximate their fair values.

• Long-term debt (excluding capital lease obligations): Fair values of bonds are determined using quoted market prices (Level 1 inputs), if available. For bonds without available quoted market prices and other long-term debt, the fair values are determined using a discounted cash flow methodology based upon borrowing rates of similar debt instruments and reflecting appropriate adjustments for non-performance risk (Level 2 inputs).

Note 8 Commitments and contingencies

Contingencies—Regulatory, Compliance and Legal

Regulatory

In April 2014, the European Commission announced its decision regarding its investigation of anticompetitive practices in the cables industry and granted the Company full immunity from fines under its leniency program.

In February 2019, the Brazilian Antitrust Authority (CADE) announced its decision regarding its investigation of anticompetitive practices in certain power businesses of the Company, including flexible alternating current transmission systems (FACTS) and power transformers, and granted the Company full immunity from fines under its leniency program.

As a result of an internal investigation, the Company self-reported to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the Department of Justice (DoJ) in the United States as well as to the Serious Fraud Office (SFO) in the United Kingdom concerning certain of its past dealings with Unaoil and its subsidiaries, including alleged improper payments made by these entities to third parties. The SFO has commenced an investigation into this matter. The Company is cooperating fully with the authorities. At this time, it is not possible for the Company to make an informed judgment about the outcome of these matters.

Based on findings during an internal investigation, the Company self-reported to the SEC and the DoJ, to various authorities in South Africa and other countries as well as to certain multilateral financial institutions potential suspect payments and other compliance concerns in connection with some of the Company's dealings with Eskom and related persons. Many of those parties have expressed an interest in, or commenced an investigation into, these matters and the Company is cooperating fully with them. At this time, it is not possible for the Company to make an informed judgment about the outcome of these matters.

General

The Company is aware of proceedings, or the threat of proceedings, against it and others in respect of private claims by customers and other third parties with regard to certain actual or alleged anticompetitive practices. Also, the Company is subject to other claims and legal proceedings, as well as investigations carried out by various law enforcement authorities. With respect to the above-mentioned claims, regulatory matters, and any related proceedings, the Company will bear the related costs, including costs necessary to resolve them.

Liabilities recognized

At March 31, 2019, and December 31, 2018, the Company had aggregate liabilities of \$217 million and \$221 million, respectively, included in "Other provisions" and "Other non‑ current liabilities", for the above regulatory, compliance and legal contingencies, and none of the individual liabilities recognized was significant. As it is not possible to make an informed judgment on, or reasonably predict, the outcome of certain matters and as it is not possible, based on information currently available to management, to estimate the maximum potential liability on other matters, there could be material adverse outcomes beyond the amounts accrued.

Guarantees

General

The following table provides quantitative data regarding the Company's third-party guarantees. The maximum potential payments represent a "worst-case scenario", and do not reflect management's expected outcomes.

Maximum potential payments (\$ in millions) March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Performance guarantees 1,567 1,584
Financial guarantees 8 10
Indemnification guarantees 65 64
Total(1) 1,640 1,658

(1) Maximum potential payments include amounts in both continuing and discontinued operations.

The carrying amount of liabilities recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets reflects the Company's best estimate of future payments, which it may incur as part of fulfilling its guarantee obligations. In respect of the above guarantees, the carrying amounts of liabilities at March 31, 2019, and December 31, 2018, were not significant.

The Company is party to various guarantees providing financial or performance assurances to certain third parties. These guarantees, which have various maturities up to 2027, mainly consist of performance guarantees whereby (i) the Company guarantees the performance of a third party's product or service according to the terms of a contract and (ii) as member of a consortium/joint-venture that includes third parties, the Company guarantees not only its own performance but also the work of third parties. Such guarantees may include guarantees that a project will be completed within a specified time. If the third party does not fulfill the obligation, the Company will compensate the guaranteed party in cash or in kind. The original maturity dates for the majority of these performance guarantees range from one to eight years.

In conjunction with the divestment of the high-voltage cable and cables accessories businesses, the Company has entered into various performance guarantees with other parties with respect to certain liabilities of the divested business. At March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the maximum potential payable under these guarantees amounts to \$755 million and \$771 million, respectively, and these guarantees have various maturities ranging from one to ten years.

Commercial commitments

In addition, in the normal course of bidding for and executing certain projects, the Company has entered into standby letters of credit, bid/performance bonds and surety bonds (collectively "performance bonds") with various financial institutions. Customers can draw on such performance bonds in the event that the Company does not fulfill its contractual obligations. The Company would then have an obligation to reimburse the financial institution for amounts paid under the performance bonds. At March 31, 2019, and December 31, 2018, the total outstanding performance bonds aggregated to \$7.2 billion and \$7.4 billion, respectively, of which \$4.1 billion and \$4.3 billion, respectively, relate to discontinued operations. There have been no significant amounts reimbursed to financial institutions under these types of arrangements in the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.

Product and order-related contingencies

The Company calculates its provision for product warranties based on historical claims experience and specific review of certain contracts. The reconciliation of the "Provisions for warranties", including guarantees of product performance, was as follows:

(\$ in millions) 2019 2018
Balance at January 1, 948 909
Net change in warranties due to acquisitions and divestments(1) 14
Claims paid in cash or in kind (68) (58)
Net increase in provision for changes in estimates, warranties issued and warranties expired 51 40
Exchange rate differences (8) 21
Balance at March 31, 937 912

(1) Includes adjustments to the initial purchase price allocation recorded during the measurement period

Note 9 Contract assets and liabilities

The following table provides information about Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities:

(\$ in millions) March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 March 31, 2018
Contract assets 1,094 1,082 1,213
Contract liabilities 1,690 1,707 1,742

Contract assets primarily relate to the Company's right to receive consideration for work completed but for which no invoice has been issued at the reporting date. Contract assets are transferred to receivables when rights to receive payment become unconditional.

Contract liabilities primarily relate to up-front advances received on orders from customers as well as amounts invoiced to customers in excess of revenues recognized predominantly on long-term projects. Contract liabilities are reduced as work is performed and as revenues are recognized.

The significant changes in the Contract assets and Contract liabilities balances were as follows:

Three months ended March 31,
2019 2018
Contract Contract Contract Contract
(\$ in millions) assets liabilities assets liabilities
Revenue recognized, which was included in the Contract liabilities balance at Jan 1, 2019/2018 (420) (490)
Additions to Contract liabilities - excluding amounts recognized as revenue during the period 406 426
Receivables recognized that were included in the Contract asset balance at Jan 1, 2019/2018 (311) (332)

At March 31, 2019, the Company had unsatisfied performance obligations totaling \$13,853 million and, of this amount, the Company expects to fulfill approximately 69 percent of the obligations in 2019, approximately 19 percent of the obligations in 2020 and the balance thereafter.

─ Note 10 Debt

The Company's total debt at March 31, 2019, and December 31, 2018, amounted to \$8,518 million and \$8,618 million, respectively.

Short-term debt and current maturities of long-term debt

The Company's "Short-term debt and current maturities of long-term debt" consisted of the following:

(\$ in millions) March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Short-term debt 1,423 561
Current maturities of long-term debt 45 1,470
Total 1,468 2,031

Short-term debt primarily represented issued commercial paper and short-term loans from various banks. At March 31, 2019, and December 31, 2018, \$753 million and \$292 million, respectively, was outstanding under the \$2 billion commercial paper program in the United States. In addition, at March 31, 2019, and December 31, 2018, \$505 million and \$172 million was outstanding under the \$2 billion Euro-commercial paper program.

In March 2019, the Company repaid at maturity its EUR 1,250 million 2.625% Instruments, equivalent to \$1,414 million at date of payment.

Long-term debt

The Company's long-term debt at March 31, 2019, and December 31, 2018, amounted to \$7,050 million and \$6,587 million, respectively.

Outstanding bonds (including maturities within the next 12 months) were as follows:

March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
(in millions) Nominal outstanding Carrying value(1) Nominal outstanding Carrying value(1)
Bonds:
2.625% EUR Instruments, due 2019 EUR 1,250 \$ 1,431
2.8% USD Notes, due 2020 USD 300 \$ 299 USD 300 \$ 299
4.0% USD Notes, due 2021 USD 650 \$ 646 USD 650 \$ 646
2.25% CHF Bonds, due 2021 CHF 350 \$ 368 CHF 350 \$ 373
5.625% USD Notes, due 2021 USD 250 \$ 264 USD 250 \$ 265
2.875% USD Notes, due 2022 USD 1,250 \$ 1,252 USD 1,250 \$ 1,242
3.375% USD Notes, due 2023 USD 450 \$ 448 USD 450 \$ 448
0.625% EUR Instruments, due 2023 EUR 700 \$ 798 EUR 700 \$ 807
0.75% EUR Instruments, due 2024 EUR 750 \$ 856 EUR 750 \$ 862
0.3% CHF Notes, due 2024 CHF 280 \$ 281
3.8% USD Notes, due 2028 USD 750 \$ 746 USD 750 \$ 746
1.0% CHF Notes, due 2029 CHF 170 \$ 170
4.375% USD Notes, due 2042 USD 750 \$ 724 USD 750 \$ 723
Total \$ 6,852 \$ 7,842

(1) USD carrying values include unamortized debt issuance costs, bond discounts or premiums, as well as adjustments for fair value hedge accounting, where appropriate.

In February 2019, the Company issued the following notes with a principal of:

  • CHF 280 million, due 2024, paying interest annually in arrears at a fixed rate of 0.3 percent per annum, and
  • CHF 170 million, due 2029, paying interest annually in arrears at a fixed rate of 1.0 percent per annum.

The aggregate net proceeds of these bond issues, after underwriting discount and other fees, amounted to CHF 449 million (equivalent to approximately \$449 million on date of issuance).

Subsequent events

In April 2019, the Company issued 18-month floating rate notes with an aggregate principal of EUR 1,000 million, due in October 2020. These notes pay interest quarterly in arrears at a variable interest rate of 35 basis points above the 3-month EURIBOR, with a floor rate of zero. The aggregate net proceeds amounted to EUR 1,002 million (equivalent to approximately \$1,129 million on date of issuance).

Note 11 Employee benefits

The Company operates defined benefit pension plans, defined contribution pension plans, and termination indemnity plans, in accordance with local regulations and practices. These plans cover a large portion of the Company's employees and provide benefits to employees in the event of death, disability, retirement, or termination of employment. Certain of these plans are multi-employer plans. The Company also operates other postretirement benefit plans including postretirement health care benefits, and other employee-related benefits for active employees including long-service award plans. The measurement date used for the Company's employee benefit plans is December 31. The funding policies of the Company's plans are consistent with the local government and tax requirements.

The following tables include amounts relating to defined benefit pension plans and other postretirement benefits for both continuing and discontinued operations.

Net periodic benefit cost of the Company's defined benefit pension and other postretirement benefit plans consisted of the following:

(\$ in millions) Defined pension benefits Other postretirement
Switzerland International benefits
Three months ended March 31, 2019 2018 2019 2018 2019 2018
Operational pension cost:
Service cost 19 23 28 34
Operational pension cost 19 23 28 34
Non-operational pension cost (credit):
Interest cost 4 8 44 51 1 1
Expected return on plan assets (28) (30) (70) (79)
Amortization of prior service cost (credit) (4) (4) 1 (1) (1)
Amortization of net actuarial loss 27 24 (1)
Curtailments, settlements and special termination benefits 1
Non-operational pension cost (credit) (28) (26) 3 (4) (1)
Net periodic benefit cost (9) (3) 31 30 (1)

The components of net periodic benefit cost other than the service cost component are included in the line "Non-operational pension (cost) credit" in the income statement. Net periodic benefit cost includes \$10 million and \$11 million, for the three months end March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, related to discontinued operations.

Employer contributions were as follows:

(\$ in millions) Defined pension benefits Other postretirement
Switzerland
International
benefits
Three months ended March 31, 2019 2018 2019 2018 2019 2018
Total contributions to defined benefit pension and
other postretirement benefit plans 23 23 24 23 2 2

The Company expects to make contributions totaling approximately \$200 million and \$11 million to its defined benefit pension plans and other postretirement benefit plans, respectively, for the full year 2019.

─ Note 12 Stockholder's equity

In February 2019, the Company announced that a proposal will be put to the 2019 AGM for approval by the shareholders to distribute 0.80 Swiss francs per share to shareholders.

─ Note 13 Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing income by the weighted-average number of shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is calculated by dividing income by the weighted-average number of shares outstanding during the period, assuming that all potentially dilutive securities were exercised, if dilutive. Potentially dilutive securities comprise outstanding written call options, and outstanding options and shares granted subject to certain conditions under the Company's share-based payment arrangements.

Basic earnings per share
Three months ended March 31,
(\$ in millions, except per share data in \$) 2019 2018
Amounts attributable to ABB shareholders:
Income from continuing operations, net of tax 397 399
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax 138 173
Net income 535 572
Weighted-average number of shares outstanding (in millions) 2,132 2,134
Basic earnings per share attributable to ABB shareholders:
Income from continuing operations, net of tax 0.19 0.19
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax 0.06 0.08
Net income 0.25 0.27

Diluted earnings per share

Three months ended March 31,
(\$ in millions, except per share data in \$) 2019 2018
Amounts attributable to ABB shareholders:
Income from continuing operations, net of tax 397 399
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax 138 173
Net income 535 572
Weighted-average number of shares outstanding (in millions) 2,132 2,134
Effect of dilutive securities:
Call options and shares 2 11
Adjusted weighted-average number of shares outstanding (in millions) 2,134 2,145
Diluted earnings per share attributable to ABB shareholders:
Income from continuing operations, net of tax 0.19 0.19
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax 0.06 0.08
Net income 0.25 0.27

─ Note 14 Reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive loss

The following table shows changes in "Accumulated other comprehensive loss" (OCI) attributable to ABB, by component, net of tax:

Unrealized gains Pension and Unrealized gains
Foreign currency (losses) on other (losses) of cash
translation available-for-sale postretirement flow hedge
(\$ in millions) adjustments securities plan adjustments derivatives Total OCI
Balance at January 1, 2018 (2,693) 8 (1,672) 12 (4,345)
Cumulative effect of changes in
accounting principles(1) (9) (9)
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
Other comprehensive (loss) income
before reclassifications 210 (4) (4) (21) 181
Amounts reclassified from OCI 14 11 25
Changes attributable to divestments (14) (14)
Total other comprehensive (loss) income 196 (4) 10 (10) 192
Less:
Amounts attributable to
noncontrolling interests 16 16
Balance at March 31, 2018 (2,513) (5) (1,662) 2 (4,178)
Unrealized gains Pension and Unrealized gains
Foreign currency (losses) on other (losses) of cash
translation available-for-sale postretirement flow hedge
(\$ in millions) adjustments securities plan adjustments derivatives Total OCI
Balance at January 1, 2019 (3,324) (4) (1,967) (16) (5,311)
Adoption of accounting standard update(2) (36) (36)
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
Other comprehensive (loss) income
before reclassifications (45) 4 18 (23)
Amounts reclassified from OCI 2 15 4 21
Total other comprehensive (loss) income (45) 6 33 4 (2)
Less:
Amounts attributable to
noncontrolling interests 6 6
Balance at March 31, 2019 (3,375) 2 (1,970) (12) (5,355)

(1) Amounts relate to the adoption of two accounting standard updates in 2018 regarding the Recognition and measurement of financial assets and financial liabilities.

(2) Amounts relate to the adoption of an accounting standard update in 2019 regarding the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. See "Applicable for current period" section of Note 2 for more details.

The following table reflects amounts reclassified out of OCI in respect of Pension and other postretirement plan adjustments:

(\$ in millions) Three months ended March 31,
Details about OCI components Location of (gains) losses reclassified from OCI 2019 2018
Pension and other postretirement plan adjustments:
Amortization of prior service cost Non-operational pension (cost) credit(1) (4) (5)
Amortization of net actuarial loss Non-operational pension (cost) credit(1) 26 24
Total before tax 22 19
Tax Provision for taxes (7) (5)
Amounts reclassified from OCI 15 14

(1) Amounts include a total of \$3 million, for both the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, reclassified from OCI to Income from discontinued operations (see Note 3).

The amounts in respect of Unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities and Unrealized gains (losses) of cash flow hedge derivatives were not significant for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.

─ Note 15 Restructuring and related expenses

OS program

In December 2018, the Company announced a two-year restructuring program with the objective of simplifying its business model and structure through the implementation of a new organizational structure driven by its businesses. The program includes the elimination of the country and regional structures within the current matrix organization, including the elimination of the three regional Executive Committee roles. The operating businesses will each be responsible for both their customer-facing activities and business support functions, while the remaining Group-level corporate activities will primarily focus on Group strategy, portfolio and performance management, capital allocation, core technologies and the ABB Ability™ platform. The program is expected to be performed over two years and incur restructuring expenses of \$350 million.

The following table outlines the costs incurred in the three months ended March 31, 2019, the cumulative costs incurred up to March 31, 2019, and the total amount of costs expected to be incurred under the program per operating segment:

Cost incurred Cumulative net
Three months ended cost incurred up to Total
(\$ in millions) March 31, 2019 March 31, 2019 Expected Costs
Electrification Products (2) 30 40
Industrial Automation 21 60
Robotics and Motion 1 50
Corporate and Other 1 12 200
Total (1) 64 350

Of the total expected costs of \$350 million the majority is related to employee severance costs.

In the three months ended March 31, 2019, restructuring expenses (income) recorded for this program relate to employee severance costs and are included in "Total cost of sales". Liabilities associated with this program at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, amount to \$64 million and \$65 million, respectively, and are primarily included in "Other provisions".

Other restructuring-related activities

In the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company executed various other restructuring related activities and incurred expenses of \$50 million and \$12 million, respectively. These amounts relate mainly to employee severance costs and are included in the following line items in the Consolidated Income Statements:

Three months ended March 31,
(\$ in millions) 2019 2018
Total cost of sales 21 7
Selling, general and administrative expenses 11 1
Non-order related research and development expenses
Other income (expenses), net 18 4
Total 50 12

Note 16 Operating segment data

The Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM) is the Chief Executive Officer. The CODM allocates resources to and assesses the performance of each operating segment using the information outlined below. The Company is organized into operating segments based on products and services and these operating segments consist of Electrification Products, Industrial Automation, and Robotics and Motion. The remaining operations of the Company are included in Corporate and Other. Following the announcement in December 2018, to sell its Powers Grids business, the Company reclassified the results of operations for this business and certain related amounts previously included in Corporate and Other to discontinued operations (See Note 3). The segment information for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and at December 31, 2018, has been recast to reflect these changes.

A description of the types of products and services provided by each reportable segment is as follows:

• Electrification Products: manufactures and sells products and solutions which are designed to provide smarter and safer electrical flow from the substation to the socket. The portfolio of increasingly digital and connected solutions includes electric vehicle charging infrastructure, solar power solutions, modular substation packages, distribution automation products, switchboard and panelboards, switchgear, UPS solutions, circuit breakers, measuring and sensing devices, control products, wiring accessories, enclosures and cabling systems and intelligent home and building solutions, designed to integrate and automate lighting, heating, ventilation, security and data communication networks.

  • Industrial Automation: develops and sells integrated automation and electrification systems and solutions, such as process and discrete control solutions, advanced process control software and manufacturing execution systems, sensing, measurement and analytical instrumentation and solutions, electric ship propulsion systems, as well as solutions for modern machine and factory automation and large turbochargers. In addition, the division offers a comprehensive range of services ranging from repair to advanced services such as remote monitoring, preventive maintenance and cybersecurity services.
  • Robotics and Motion: manufactures and sells robotics, motors, generators, drives, wind converters, components and systems for railways and related services and digital solutions for a wide range of applications in industry, transportation and infrastructure, and utilities.
  • Corporate and Other: includes headquarters, central research and development, the Company's real estate activities, Group Treasury Operations, historical operating activities of certain divested businesses and other non-core operating activities.

The primary measure of profitability on which the operating segments are evaluated is Operational EBITA, which represents income from operations excluding:

  • amortization expense on intangibles arising upon acquisitions (acquisition-related amortization),
  • restructuring, related and implementation costs,
  • changes in the amount recorded for obligations related to divested businesses occurring after the divestment date (changes in obligations related to divested businesses),
  • changes in estimates relating to opening balance sheets of acquired businesses (changes in pre-acquisition estimates),
  • gains and losses from sale of businesses,
  • acquisition- and divestment-related expenses and integration costs,
  • certain other non-operational items, as well as
  • foreign exchange/commodity timing differences in income from operations consisting of: (a) unrealized gains and losses on derivatives (foreign exchange, commodities, embedded derivatives), (b) realized gains and losses on derivatives where the underlying hedged transaction has not yet been realized, and (c) unrealized foreign exchange movements on receivables/payables (and related assets/liabilities).

Certain other non-operational items generally includes: certain regulatory, compliance and legal costs, certain asset write downs/impairments as well as other items which are determined by management on a case-by-case basis.

The CODM primarily reviews the results of each segment on a basis that is before the elimination of profits made on inventory sales between segments. Segment results below are presented before these eliminations, with a total deduction for intersegment profits to arrive at the Company's consolidated Operational EBITA. Intersegment sales and transfers are accounted for as if the sales and transfers were to third parties, at current market prices.

The following tables present disaggregated segment revenues from contracts with customers, Operational EBITA, and the reconciliations of consolidated Operational EBITA to Income from continuing operations before taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, as well as total assets at March 31, 2019, and December 31, 2018.

Three months ended March 31, 2019
Electrification Industrial Robotics Corporate
(\$ in millions) Products Automation and Motion and Other Total
Geographical markets
Europe 983 754 694 16 2,447
The Americas 1,106 392 700 2,198
Asia, Middle East and Africa 865 557 705 22 2,149
2,954 1,703 2,099 38 6,794
End Customer Markets
Utilities 460 250 149 3 862
Industry 1,151 1,105 1,608 27 3,891
Transport & infrastructure 1,343 348 342 8 2,041
2,954 1,703 2,099 38 6,794
Product type
Products 2,577 568 1,531 39 4,715
Systems 140 417 236 (1) 792
Services and other 237 718 332 1,287
2,954 1,703 2,099 38 6,794
Third-party revenues 2,954 1,703 2,099 38 6,794
Intersegment revenues(1) 103 35 130 (215) 53
Total Revenues 3,057 1,738 2,229 (177) 6,847
Three months ended March 31, 2018
Electrification Industrial Robotics Corporate
(\$ in millions) Products Automation and Motion and Other Total
Geographical markets
Europe 937 808 709 22 2,476
The Americas 648 377 684 10 1,719
Asia, Middle East and Africa 800 639 692 56 2,187
2,385 1,824 2,085 88 6,382
End Customer Markets
Utilities 573 296 167 62 1,098
Industry 1,051 1,077 1,622 13 3,763
Transport & infrastructure 761 451 296 13 1,521
2,385 1,824 2,085 88 6,382
Product type
Products 2,085 639 1,511 16 4,251
Systems 137 464 244 72 917
Services and other 163 721 330 1,214
2,385 1,824 2,085 88 6,382
Third-party revenues 2,385 1,824 2,085 88 6,382
Intersegment revenues(1) 109 35 124 (209) 59
Total Revenues 2,494 1,859 2,209 (121) 6,441

(1) Intersegment revenues include sales to the Power Grids business which is presented as discontinued operations and are not eliminated from Total revenues.

Three months ended
March 31,
(\$ in millions) 2019 2018
Operational EBITA:
Electrification Products 377 377
Industrial Automation 226 262
Robotics and Motion 337 338
Corporate and Other(1) (174) (225)
Consolidated Operational EBITA 766 752
Acquisition-related amortization (68) (63)
Restructuring, related and implementation costs(2) (68) (7)
Changes in obligations related to divested businesses (3) (7)
Gains and losses from sale of businesses (1) (6)
Acquisition- and divestment-related expenses and integration costs (24) (25)
Foreign exchange/commodity timing differences in income from operations:
Unrealized gains and losses on derivatives (foreign exchange, commodities, embedded derivatives) 6 (13)
Realized gains and losses on derivatives where the underlying hedged transaction has not yet been realized (1) 9
Unrealized foreign exchange movements on receivables/payables (and related assets/liabilities) 16 (9)
Certain other non-operational items:
Costs for planned divestment of Power Grids (20)
Regulatory, compliance and legal costs (8) (3)
Division transformation costs (3) (2)
Losses and other (costs) recoveries on Korea fraud 1 (3)
Other non-operational items (3) 3
Income from operations 590 626
Interest and dividend income 19 22
Interest and other finance expense (62) (89)
Non-operational pension (cost) credit 23 27
Income from continuing operations before taxes 570 586

(1) Corporate and Other includes Stranded corporate costs of \$67 million and \$76 million at March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

(2) Amounts in 2019 include \$19 million of implementation costs in relation to the OS program.

Total assets(1), (2)
(\$ in millions) March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Electrification Products 12,404 12,049
Industrial Automation 6,811 6,669
Robotics and Motion 8,595 8,397
Corporate and Other 17,792 17,326
Consolidated 45,602 44,441

(1) Total assets are after intersegment eliminations and therefore reflect third-party assets only.

(2) Assets held for sale of \$8,982 million and \$8,591 million are included in Corporate and Other at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively (see Note 3).

2019 Realignment of segments

On December 17, 2018, the Company announced a reorganization of its operating segments into four customer-focused, entrepreneurial businesses. Effective April 1, 2019:

  • the Electrification Products segment was renamed the Electrification segment,
  • the Industrial Automation segment remains unchanged except that it now excludes the Machine and Factory Automation business, which has been transferred to the new Robotics and Discrete Automation segment,
  • the new Robotics and Discrete Automation segment includes the combined businesses of the Machine and Factory Automation business, previously included in the Industrial Automation segment, and the Robotics business from the former Robotics and Motion segment, and
  • the new Motion segment contains the remaining businesses of the former Robotics and Motion segment.

— Supplemental Reconciliations and Definitions

The following reconciliations and definitions include measures which ABB uses to supplement its Consolidated Financial Information (unaudited) which is prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP). Certain of these financial measures are, or may be, considered non-GAAP financial measures as defined in the rules of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).

While ABB's management believes that the non-GAAP financial measures herein are useful in evaluating ABB's operating results, this information should be considered as supplemental in nature and not as a substitute for the related financial information prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Therefore these measures should not be viewed in isolation but considered together with the Consolidated Financial Information (unaudited) prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2019.

On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted a new accounting standard, Revenue from contracts with customers, and consistent with the method of adoption elected, comparative information for 2017 has not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standards previously in effect for that period (see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Information). In addition, on January 1, 2019, the Company adopted a new accounting standard for lease accounting. Consistent with the method of adoption elected, comparable information has not been restated to reflect the adoption of this new standard and continues to be measured and reported under the accounting standard in effect for those period presented.

Comparable growth rates

Growth rates for certain key figures may be presented and discussed on a "comparable" basis. The comparable growth rate measures growth on a constant currency basis. Since we are a global company, the comparability of our operating results reported in U.S. dollars is affected by foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. We calculate the impacts from foreign currency fluctuations by translating the current-year periods' reported key figures into U.S. dollar amounts using the exchange rates in effect for the comparable periods in the previous year.

Comparable growth rates are also adjusted for changes in our business portfolio. Adjustments to our business portfolio occur due to acquisitions, divestments, or by exiting specific business activities or customer markets. The adjustment for portfolio changes is calculated as follows: where the results of any business acquired or divested have not been consolidated and reported for the entire duration of both the current and comparable periods, the reported key figures of such business are adjusted to exclude the relevant key figures of any corresponding quarters which are not comparable when computing the comparable growth rate. Certain portfolio changes which do not qualify as divestments under U.S. GAAP have been treated in a similar manner to divestments. Changes in our portfolio where we have exited certain business activities or customer markets are adjusted as if the relevant business was divested in the period when the decision to cease business activities was taken. We do not adjust for portfolio changes where the relevant business has annualized revenues of less than \$50 million.

The following tables provide reconciliations of reported growth rates of certain key figures to their respective comparable growth rate.

Divisional comparable growth rate reconciliation

Q1 2019 compared to Q1 2018
Order growth rate Revenue growth rate
US\$ Foreign US\$ Foreign
(as exchange Portfolio (as exchange Portfolio
Division reported) impact changes Comparable reported) impact changes Comparable
Electrification Products 21% 7% -22% 6% 23% 7% -25% 5%
Industrial Automation -11% 6% 0% -5% -7% 7% 0% 0%
Robotics and Motion -1% 6% 0% 5% 1% 6% 0% 7%
ABB Group 1% 6% -4% 3% 6% 7% -9% 4%

Regional comparable growth rate reconciliation

Q1 2019 compared to Q1 2018
Order growth rate Revenue growth rate
US\$ Foreign US\$ Foreign
(as exchange Portfolio (as exchange Portfolio
Region reported) impact changes Comparable reported) impact changes Comparable
Europe -8% 8% -3% -3% -1% 9% -4% 4%
The Americas 28% 3% -22% 9% 28% 3% -25% 6%
Asia, Middle East and Africa -7% 5% 7% 5% -2% 6% -2% 2%
ABB Group 1% 6% -4% 3% 6% 7% -9% 4%

Order backlog growth rate reconciliation

March 31, 2019 compared to March 31, 2018
US\$ Foreign
(as exchange Portfolio
Division reported) impact changes Comparable
Electrification Products 28% 8% -30% 6%
Industrial Automation -5% 7% 0% 2%
Robotics and Motion 2% 7% 0% 9%
ABB Group 2% 7% -3% 6%

Other growth rate reconciliations

Q1 2019 compared to Q1 2018
US\$ Foreign
(as exchange Portfolio
reported) impact changes Comparable
Large orders -66% 2% 22% -42%
Base orders 8% 7% -9% 6%
Service orders 6% 7% -7% 6%
Service revenues 6% 7% -7% 6%

The following information presents a reconciliation of growth rates of orders and revenues for 2018 compared with 2017 on a continuing operations basis.

Divisional comparable growth rate reconciliation

Q1 2018 compared to Q1 2017
Order growth rate Revenue growth rate
US\$ Foreign US\$ Foreign
(as exchange Portfolio (as exchange Portfolio
Division reported) impact changes Comparable reported) impact changes Comparable
Electrification Products 10% -7% 0% 3% 9% -7% 0% 2%
Industrial Automation 26% -9% -13% 4% 23% -9% -14% 0%
Robotics and Motion 18% -7% 0% 11% 15% -7% 0% 8%
ABB Group 21% -9% -4% 8% 13% -8% -2% 3%

Operational EBITA margin

Definition

Operational EBITA margin

Operational EBITA margin is Operational EBITA as a percentage of Operational revenues.

Operational EBITA

Operational earnings before interest, taxes and acquisition-related amortization (Operational EBITA) represents Income from operations excluding:

  • acquisition-related amortization (as defined below),
  • restructuring, related and implementation costs,
  • changes in the amount recorded for obligations related to divested businesses occurring after the divestment date (changes in obligations related to divested businesses),
  • changes in estimates relating to opening balance sheets of acquired businesses (changes in pre-acquisition estimates),
  • gains and losses from sale of businesses,
  • acquisition- and divestment-related expenses and integration costs,
  • certain other non-operational items, as well as
  • foreign exchange/commodity timing differences in income from operations consisting of: (a) unrealized gains and losses on derivatives (foreign exchange, commodities, embedded derivatives), (b) realized gains and losses on derivatives where the underlying hedged transaction has not yet been realized, and (c) unrealized foreign exchange movements on receivables/payables (and related assets/liabilities).

Certain other non-operational items generally includes: certain regulatory, compliance and legal costs, certain asset write downs/impairments as well as other items which are determined by management on a case-by-case basis.

Operational EBITA is our measure of segment profit but is also used by management to evaluate the profitability of the Company as a whole.

Acquisition-related amortization

Amortization expense on intangibles arising upon acquisitions.

Restructuring, related and implementation costs

Restructuring, related and implementation costs consists of restructuring and other related expenses, as well as internal and external costs relating to the implementation of group-wide restructuring programs.

Operational revenues

The Company presents Operational revenues solely for the purpose of allowing the computation of Operational EBITA margin. Operational revenues are total revenues adjusted for foreign exchange/commodity timing differences in total revenues of: (i) unrealized gains and losses on derivatives, (ii) realized gains and losses on derivatives where the underlying hedged transaction has not yet been realized, and (iii) unrealized foreign exchange movements on receivables (and related assets). Operational revenues are not intended to be an alternative measure to Total Revenues, which represent our revenues measured in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

Reconciliation

The following tables provide reconciliations of consolidated Operational EBITA to Net Income and Operational EBITA Margin by division.

Reconciliation of consolidated Operational EBITA to Net Income

Three months ended March 31,
(\$ in millions) 2019 2018
Operational EBITA 766 752
Acquisition-related amortization (68) (63)
Restructuring, related and implementation costs(1) (68) (7)
Changes in obligations related to divested businesses (3) (7)
Gains and losses from sale of businesses (1) (6)
Acquisition- and divestment-related expenses and integration costs (24) (25)
Certain other non-operational items (33) (5)
FX/commodity timing differences in income from operations 21 (13)
Income from operations 590 626
Interest and dividend income 19 22
Interest and other finance expense (62) (89)
Non-operational pension (cost) credit 23 27
Income from continuing operations before taxes 570 586
Provision for taxes (155) (172)
Income from continuing operations, net of tax 415 414
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax 149 186
Net income 564 600

(1) Amounts in 2019 include \$19 million of implementation costs in relation to the OS program.

Three months ended March 31, 2019
Corporate and
Other and
Electrification Industrial Robotics Intersegment
(\$ in millions, unless otherwise indicated) Products Automation and Motion elimination Consolidated
Total revenues 3,057 1,738 2,229 (177) 6,847
Foreign exchange/commodity timing
differences in total revenues:
Unrealized gains and losses
on derivatives (1) (2) (3)
Realized gains and losses on derivatives
where the underlying hedged
transaction has not yet been realized (4) (1) 1 (4)
Unrealized foreign exchange movements
on receivables (and related assets) (4) 3 (1) (2) (4)
Operational revenues 3,052 1,737 2,225 (178) 6,836
Income (loss) from operations 297 198 325 (230) 590
Acquisition-related amortization 29 20 14 5 68
Restructuring, related and
implementation costs 40 5 3 20 68
Changes in obligations related to
divested businesses 3 3
Gains and losses from sale of businesses 1 1
Acquisition- and divestment-related expenses
and integration costs 22 2 24
Certain other non-operational items 1 2 3 27 33
Foreign exchange/commodity timing
differences in income from operations:
Unrealized gains and losses on derivatives
(foreign exchange, commodities,
embedded derivatives) (7) 4 (5) 2 (6)
Realized gains and losses on derivatives
where the underlying hedged
transaction has not yet been realized 2 (1) (1) 1 1
Unrealized foreign exchange movements
on receivables/payables
(and related assets/liabilities) (8) (2) (2) (4) (16)
Operational EBITA 377 226 337 (174) 766
Operational EBITA margin (%) 12.4% 13.0% 15.1% n.a. 11.2%

In the three months ended March 31, 2019, Certain other non-operational items in table above includes the following:

Three months ended March 31, 2019
Electrification Industrial Robotics Corporate
(\$ in millions, unless otherwise indicated) Products Automation and Motion and Other Consolidated
Certain other non-operational items:
Costs for planned divestment of Power Grids 20 20
Regulatory, compliance and legal costs 8 8
Division transformation costs 3 3
Losses and other costs (recoveries)
on Korea fraud (1) (1)
Other non-operational items 1 2 3
Total 1 2 3 27 33
Three months ended March 31, 2018
Corporate and
Other and
Electrification Industrial Robotics Intersegment
(\$ in millions, unless otherwise indicated) Products Automation and Motion elimination Consolidated
Total revenues 2,494 1,859 2,209 (121) 6,441
Foreign exchange/commodity timing
differences in total revenues:
Unrealized gains and losses
on derivatives (4) (4) 4 8 4
Realized gains and losses on derivatives
where the underlying hedged
transaction has not yet been realized 3 (11) (8)
Unrealized foreign exchange movements
on receivables (and related assets) (2) (3) 8 3
Operational revenues 2,488 1,858 2,210 (116) 6,440
Income (loss) from operations 325 237 313 (249) 626
Acquisition-related amortization 20 23 16 4 63
Restructuring, related and
implementation costs 4 2 4 (3) 7
Changes in obligations related to
divested businesses 7 7
Gains and losses from sale of businesses 3 3 6
Acquisition- and divestment-related expenses
and integration costs 24 1 25
Certain other non-operational items (2) 1 6 5
Foreign exchange/commodity timing
differences in income from operations:
Unrealized gains and losses on derivatives
(foreign exchange, commodities,
embedded derivatives) 6 (8) 2 13 13
Realized gains and losses on derivatives
where the underlying hedged
transaction has not yet been realized 2 (11) (9)
Unrealized foreign exchange movements
on receivables/payables
(and related assets/liabilities) 2 2 5 9
Operational EBITA 377 262 338 (225) 752
Operational EBITA margin (%) 15.2% 14.1% 15.3% n.a. 11.7%

In the three months ended March 31, 2018, Certain other non-operational items in table above includes the following:

Three months ended March 31, 2018
Electrification Industrial Robotics Corporate
(\$ in millions, unless otherwise indicated) Products Automation and Motion and Other Consolidated
Certain other non-operational items:
Regulatory, compliance and legal costs 3 3
Division transformation costs 1 1 2
Losses and other costs (recoveries)
on Korea fraud 3 3
Other non-operational items (2) (1) (3)
Total (2) 1 6 5

Operational EPS

Definition

Operational EPS

Operational EPS is calculated as Operational net income divided by the weighted-average number of shares outstanding used in determining basic earnings per share.

Operational net income

Operational net income is calculated as Net income attributable to ABB adjusted for the following:

  • (i) acquisition-related amortization,
  • (ii) restructuring, related and implementation costs
  • (iii) non-operational pension cost (credit),
  • (iv) changes in obligations related to divested businesses,
  • (v) changes in pre-acquisition estimates,
  • (vi) gains and losses from sale of businesses,
  • (vii) acquisition- and divestment-related expenses and integration costs,
  • (viii) certain other non-operational items,
  • (ix) foreign exchange/commodity timing differences in income from operations consisting of: (a) unrealized gains and losses on derivatives (foreign exchange, commodities, embedded derivatives), (b) realized gains and losses on derivatives where the underlying hedged transaction has not yet been realized, and (c) unrealized foreign exchange movements on receivables/payables (and related assets/liabilities), and
  • (x) The amount of income tax on operational adjustments either estimated using the Adjusted Group effective tax rate or in certain specific cases, computed using the actual income tax effects of the relevant item in (i) to (ix) above.

Acquisition-related amortization

Amortization expense on intangibles arising upon acquisitions.

Restructuring, related and implementation costs

Restructuring, related and implementation costs consists of restructuring and other related expenses, as well as internal and external costs relating to the implementation of group-wide restructuring programs.

Adjusted Group effective tax rate

The Adjusted Group effective tax rate is computed by dividing an adjusted provision for taxes by an adjusted income from continuing operations before taxes. Certain amounts recorded in income from continuing operations before taxes and the related provision for taxes (primarily gains and losses from sale of businesses) are excluded from the computation.

Constant currency Operational EPS adjustment and Operational EPS growth rate (constant currency)

In connection with ABB's 2015-2020 targets, Operational EPS growth is measured assuming 2014 as the base year and uses constant exchange rates. We compute the constant currency operational net income for all periods using the relevant monthly exchange rates which were in effect during 2014 and any difference in computed Operational net income is divided by the relevant weighted-average number of shares outstanding to identify the constant currency Operational EPS adjustment.

Reconciliation

Three months ended March 31,
(\$ in millions, except per share data in \$) 2019 2018 Growth(3)
Net income (attributable to ABB) 535 572
Operational adjustments:
Acquisition-related amortization 68 63
Restructuring, related and implementation costs(1) 68 7
Non-operational pension cost (credit) (23) (27)
Changes in obligations related to divested businesses 3 7
Gains and losses from sale of businesses 1 6
Acquisition- and divestment-related expenses and integration costs 24 25
Certain other non-operational items 33 5
FX/commodity timing differences in income from operations (21) 13
Operational adjustments in discontinued operations 6 36
Tax on operational adjustments(2) (42) (38)
Operational net income 652 669 -3%
Weighted-average number of shares outstanding (in millions) 2,132 2,134
Operational EPS 0.31 0.31 -3%
Constant currency Operational EPS adjustment 0.05 0.04
Operational EPS (constant currency basis - 2014 exchange rates) 0.36 0.35 5%

(1) Amounts in 2019 include \$19 million of implementation costs in relation to the OS program.

(2) Tax amount is computed by applying the Adjusted Group effective tax rate to the operational adjustments, except for gains and losses from sale of businesses for which the actual provision for taxes resulting from the gain or loss has been computed.

(3) Growth is computed using unrounded EPS amounts.

Net debt

Definition

Net debt

Net debt is defined as Total debt less Cash and marketable securities.

Total debt

Total debt is the sum of Short-term debt and current maturities of long-term debt, and Long-term debt.

Cash and marketable securities

Cash and marketable securities is the sum of Cash and equivalents, and Marketable securities and short-term investments.

Reconciliation

(\$ in millions) March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Short-term debt and current maturities of long-term debt 1,468 2,031
Long-term debt 7,050 6,587
Total debt 8,518 8,618
Cash and equivalents 2,734 3,445
Marketable securities and short-term investments 833 712
Cash and marketable securities 3,567 4,157
Net debt 4,951 4,461

Net working capital as a percentage of revenues

Definition

Net working capital as a percentage of revenues

Net working capital as a percentage of revenues is calculated as Net working capital divided by Adjusted revenues for the trailing twelve months.

Net working capital

Net working capital is the sum of (i) receivables, net, (ii) contract assets, (iii) inventories, net, and (iv) prepaid expenses; less (v) accounts payable, trade, (vi) contract liabilities, and (vii) other current liabilities (excluding primarily: (a) income taxes payable, (b) current derivative liabilities, and (c) pension and other employee benefits); and including the amounts related to these accounts which have been presented as either assets or liabilities held for sale but excluding any amounts included in discontinued operations.

Adjusted revenues for the trailing twelve months

Adjusted revenues for the trailing twelve months includes total revenues recorded by ABB in the twelve months preceding the relevant balance sheet date adjusted to eliminate revenues of divested businesses and the estimated impact of annualizing revenues of certain acquisitions which were completed in the same trailing twelve-month period.

Reconciliation

(\$ in millions, unless otherwise indicated) March 31, 2019 March 31, 2018
Net working capital:
Receivables, net 6,499 6,027
Contract assets 1,094 1,213
Inventories, net 4,459 4,085
Prepaid expenses 252 282
Accounts payable, trade (4,081) (3,710)
Contract liabilities (1,690) (1,742)
Other current liabilities(1) (3,323) (2,805)
Net working capital 3,210 3,350
Total revenues for the three months ended:
March 31, 2019 / 2018 6,847 6,441
December 31, 2018 / 2017 7,395 6,804
September 30, 2018 / 2017 7,095 6,486
June 30, 2018 / 2017 6,731 6,187
Adjustment to annualize/eliminate revenues of certain acquisitions/divestments 495 95
Adjusted revenues for the trailing twelve months 28,563 26,013
Net working capital as a percentage of revenues (%) 11.2% 12.9%

(1) Amounts exclude \$568 million and \$540 million at March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, related primarily to (a) income taxes payable, (b) current derivative liabilities, and (c) pension and other employee benefits.

Free cash flow conversion to net income

Definition

Free cash flow conversion to net income

Free cash flow conversion to net income is calculated as adjusted free cash flow divided by Net income attributable to ABB.

Adjusted free cash flow

Adjusted free cash flow is calculated as net cash provided by operating activities adjusted for: (i) purchases of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets, (ii) proceeds from sales of property, plant and equipment, and (iii) changes in financing and other non-current receivables, net (included in other investing activities).

Free cash flow for the trailing twelve months

Free cash flow for the trailing twelve months includes adjusted free cash flow recorded by ABB in the twelve months preceding the relevant balance sheet date.

Net income for the trailing twelve months

Net income for the trailing twelve months includes net income recorded by ABB in the twelve months preceding the relevant balance sheet date.

Free cash flow conversion to net income

Twelve months to
(\$ in millions, unless otherwise indicated) March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Net cash provided by operating activities 3,186 2,924
Adjusted for the effects of:
Continuing operations:
Purchases of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets (788) (772)
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment 96 72
Changes in financing receivables and other non-current receivables (5) (8)
Discontinued operations:
Purchases of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets (197) (201)
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment 6 8
Changes in financing receivables and other non-current receivables 1 1
Adjusted free cash flow 2,299 2,024
Net income attributable to ABB 2,136 2,173
Free cash flow conversion to net income 108% 93%

Reconciliation of the trailing twelve months to March 31, 2019

Continuing operations Discontinued operations
(\$ in millions) Net cash
provided by
operating
activities
Purchases of
property,
plant and
equipment
and
intangible
assets
Proceeds
from sale of
property,
plant and
equipment
Changes in
financing
receivables
and other
non-current
receivables
Purchases of
property,
plant and
equipment
and
intangible
assets
Proceeds
from sale of
property,
plant and
equipment
Changes in
financing
receivables
and other
non-current
receivables
Net income
attributable
to ABB
Q2 2018 1,010 (154) 18 (43) 1 1 681
Q3 2018 565 (192) 7 (6) (47) 1 603
Q4 2018 1,867 (235) 23 (1) (64) 4 317
Q1 2019 (256) (207) 48 2 (43) 535
Total for the trailing
twelve months
to March 31, 2019
3,186 (788) 96 (5) (197) 6 1 2,136

Finance net

Definition

Finance net is calculated as Interest and dividend income less Interest and other finance expense.

Reconciliation

Three months ended March 31,
(\$ in millions) 2019 2018
Interest and dividend income 19 22
Interest and other finance expense (62) (89)
Finance net (43) (67)

Book-to-bill ratio

Definition

Book-to-bill ratio is calculated as Orders received divided by Total revenues.

Reconciliation

Three months ended March 31,
(\$ in millions, unless otherwise indicated) 2019 2018
Orders received 7,613 7,555
Total revenues 6,847 6,441
Book-to-bill ratio 1.11 1.17

ABB Ltd

Corporate Communications P.O. Box 8131 8050 Zurich Switzerland Tel: +41 (0)43 317 71 11 Fax: +41 (0)43 317 79 58

www.abb.com

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