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d'Amico International Shipping S.A.

Investor Presentation Nov 6, 2025

9964_rns_2025-11-06_ed7f00da-bdfc-4b98-8440-3a0e9f3119f2.pdf

Investor Presentation

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DISCLAIMER.

There shall be no offering or sale of any securities of d'Amico International Shipping S.A. in the United States of America, Switzerland, Canada, Australia, Japan, the United Kingdom or any jurisdiction in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to its registration or qualification under the laws of such jurisdiction or to or for the benefit of any person to whom it is unlawful to make such offer, solicitation or sale. No steps have been taken or will be taken regarding the offering of securities of d'Amico International Shipping S.A. outside Luxembourg and Italy in any jurisdiction where such steps would be required. The issuance, exercise, or sale of securities of d'Amico International Shipping S.A. and the subscription to or purchase of such securities are subject to specific legal or regulatory restrictions in certain jurisdictions. d'Amico International Shipping S.A. is not liable in case these restrictions are infringed by any person.

This communication is not for distribution, directly or indirectly, in or into the United States (including its territories and dependencies, any State of the United States and the District of Columbia). This communication does not constitute or form a part of any offer or solicitation to purchase or subscribe for securities in the United States. The securities mentioned herein have not been, and will not be, registered under the United States Securities Act of 1933 (the "Securities Act"). Accordingly, unless an exemption under relevant securities laws is applicable, any such securities may not be offered, sold, resold, taken up, exercised, renounced, transferred, delivered or distributed, directly or indirectly, in or into the United States or any other jurisdiction if to do so would constitute a violation of the relevant laws of, or require registration of such securities in, the relevant jurisdiction. The securities may not be offered or sold in the United States except pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act. There will be no public offer of securities in the United States.

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Executive summary.

  • Net profit – In the first 9M'25, d'Amico International Shipping SA ("DIS" or "the Company") recorded a Net profit of US\$ 62.8m vs. a Net profit of US\$ 163.1m in the same period of '24. Although not as strong as in the previous year, the positive results for the current period continue to reflect the robust product tanker market experienced in the first nine months of 2025. The adjusted net result (excluding non-recurring items) was of US\$ 67.1m in the first 9M'25, compared with US\$ 158.9m in the same period last year. In Q3'25, DIS posted a Net profit of US\$ 24.3m vs. US\$ 40.2m in Q3'24.
  • Robust market performance – DIS achieved a daily spot rate of US\$ 23,473 in the first 9M'25 vs. US\$ 37,563 in the first 9M'24 (Q3 2025: US\$ 25,502 vs Q3 2024: US\$ 29,679), due to a weaker freight market relative to the same period of last year. In the first 9M'25, 48.4% of DIS' employment days were 'covered' through period contracts at an average daily rate of US\$ 23,700 (9M'24: 42.4% coverage at an average daily rate of US\$ 27,738). DIS achieved a total daily average rate of US\$ 23,583 in the first 9M'25 vs. US\$ 33,395 achieved in the first 9M'24 (Q3 2025: US\$ 24,335 vs Q3 2024: US\$ 28,602).
  • Solid financial structure and comfortable liquidity position – achieved thanks to the strong freight markets of FY'20 and from FY'22 to the end of Q3'25 as well as to the deleveraging plan implemented in the last few years, through vessel disposals and equity capital increases. DIS can now benefit from the strategic and operational flexibility deriving from a strong balance sheet and from a modern fleet. As at the end of Sep'25, DIS had a Net Financial Position (NFP) of US\$ (82.4)m and Cash and cash equivalents of US\$ 148.9m vs. a NFP of US\$ (121.0)m at the end of FY'24. DIS' NFP (excluding IFRS16) to FMV ratio was of 7.4% at the end of Sep'25 (9.7% at YE'24, 18.0% at YE'23, 36.0% at YE'22, 60.4% at YE'21, 65.9% at YE'20, 64.0% at YE'19 and 72.9% at YE'18).
  • Exercised purchase options to secure high-quality, young tonnage – In Oct'24, DIS exercised its purchase option for MT High Navigator, a 49,999 dwt MR vessel built in May'18 by Japan Marine United Corporation, Japan, for approximately US\$ 34.3m, with delivery occurring in Feb'25. In the same month, DIS also exercised its purchase option for the MT High Leader, a 49,999 dwt MR vessel built in June'18 by the same yard, for approximately US\$ 33.9m, with delivery occurring in Apr'25.

In Jan'25, DIS exercised its purchase option on MT Cielo di Houston, a 75,000 dwt LR1 vessel built in 2019 by Hyundai Mipo, South Korea, in their Vinashin facility in Vietnam, for a consideration of US\$ 25.6m, with delivery occurred in Sep'25.

Executive summary.

  • Sale of two of DIS' oldest vessels – In June'25, DIS signed two memoranda of agreement for the sale of MT Glenda Melody and MT Glenda Melissa, two MR vessels built in 2011, for a total consideration of US\$ 36.3m. The first vessel was delivered to her buyers in July, while the second will be delivered by the end of Dec. The Company will generate approximately US\$ 31.0m in cash upon the delivery of these two vessels which are also the oldest vessels in its fleet.
  • Generous dividends and growing payout ratio –
  • '23 Annual Dividend – In April'24, DIS' Annual General Shareholders meeting approved a gross dividend of US\$ 0.2487 (US\$ 0.2114 net, after deducting the maximum applicable withholding tax of 15%) per issued and outstanding share. This corresponds to a gross distribution of approximately US\$ 30.0m. The payment of the above-mentioned dividend was made to the Shareholders on May 2 nd , 2024.
  • '24 Interim Dividend – In Nov'24, the Board of Directors of DIS resolved to distribute an interim gross dividend of US\$ 0.2520 (US\$ 0.2142 net, after deducting the maximum applicable withholding tax of 15%) per issued and outstanding share. This corresponds to a gross distribution of approximately US\$ 30.0m. The payment of the above-mentioned interim dividend was made to Shareholders on November 20th , 2024.
  • '24 Annual Dividend – In Apr'25, DIS' Annual General Shareholders meeting approved a gross dividend of US\$ 0.2940 (US\$ 0.2499 net, after deducting the maximum applicable withholding tax of 15%) per issued and outstanding share. This corresponded to a gross distribution of approximately US\$ 35.0m. The payment of the above-mentioned dividend was made to the Shareholders on May 7 th , 2025.
  • '25 Interim Dividend – In Nov'25, the Board of Directors of DIS resolved to distribute an interim gross dividend of US\$ 0.1340 (US\$ 0.1139 net, after deducting the maximum applicable withholding tax of 15%) per issued and outstanding share. This corresponds to a gross distribution of approximately US\$ 15.9m. The payment of the above-mentioned interim dividend will be made to Shareholders on November 19th , 2025.
  • Share buybacks DIS repurchased own shares for a total of US\$10.3m in FY'24 and US\$ 0.7m in the first 9M'25.
  • Despite the uncertainties relating to a challenging and unusual economic and geopolitical environment, DIS is well positioned to benefit from the current robust freight markets, underpinned by strong market fundamentals.

A modern, high-quality and versatile fleet.

September 30th, 2025
DIS Fleet1 LR1 MR Handy Total %
Owned 6.0 17.0 6.0 29.0 93.5%
Bareboat
chartered
0.0 2.0 0.0 2.0 6.5%
Time
chartered-in short-term
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0%
TOTAL 6.0 19.0 6.0 31.0 100.0%
  • DIS controls a modern fleet of 31.0 product tankers.
  • Flexible, young and efficient:
  • ✓ 80.6% IMO classed (industry average2 : 50%);
  • ✓ An average age of 9.7 years (industry average2 : 13.9 years for MRs (25,000 –54,999 dwt) and 15.4 years LR1s (55,000 –84,999 dwt));
  • ✓ 87% of the fleet is 'Eco-design' (industry average2 : 39%).
  • ✓ Fully in compliance with very stringent international industry rules and long-term vetting approvals from the main Oil Majors.
  • 22 newbuildings ordered since 2012 (10 MRs, 6 Handys, 6 LR1s), all delivered between Q1'14 and Q4'19 and 4 additional vessels ordered in Q2'24 with expected delivery in FY'27.

DIS has a modern fleet of mostly owned vessels, and strong relationships with key market players.

    1. Actual number of vessels as at the end of September'25.
    1. Source: Clarkson Research Services as at the end of September'25.

Lighter bank debt repayments and low refinancing risk.

Forecasted bank debt financing cash-flow (Excluding overdraft facilities)1,2,3

Daily bank loan repayment on owned vessels (Excluding overdraft facilities)1,2,3

DIS refinanced all its debt maturing in '24 and '25, with the related balloons. Since '20, DIS also benefits from significantly lower bank debt repayments. The reduction in daily average repayments is also attributable to the purchase options exercised on leased vessels, most of which have been initially kept debt-free.

1. Based on the evolution of the current outstanding bank debt – with the exception of overdraft facilities.

2. Only balloon repayments are assumed to be refinanced. Some older vessels whose existing facilities' fully amortise during their respective terms (without balloons), are assumed to remain debt free thereafter. 3. Daily bank loan repayments is equal to bank loan repayments (excluding balloons), divided by owned vessel days.

Q4'25 estimated TCE earnings1 .

  • Contract coverage: DIS has fixed ~54% of its Q4'25 employment days at a daily average of US\$ 23,492.
  • Fixed spot days: DIS has fixed ~23% of its Q4'25 employment days on spot voyages at an estimated daily average of US\$ 28,262.
  • Blended fixed daily TCE: Therefore, DIS has fixed ~77% of its Q4'25 employment days at an estimated daily average of US\$ 24,930.
  • Free days: DIS still has ~23% of free days (i.e. not yet fixed) in Q4'25, therefore:
  • ✓ Assuming a daily spot rate of US\$ 18,000 on the current free days, DIS would achieve a blended daily TCE for the quarter of US\$ 23,355;
  • ✓ Assuming a daily spot rate of US\$ 21,000 on the current free days, DIS would achieve a daily blended TCE for the quarter of US\$ 24,037;
  • ✓ Assuming a daily spot rate of US\$ 24,000 on the current free days, DIS would achieve a daily blended TCE for the quarter of US\$ 24,719.

Spot days already fixed for Q4'25 were at an estimated average daily rate of US\$ 28.3k, entailing a blended rate of US\$ 24.9k for 77% of the fourth quarter employment days.

Strong earnings outlook.

Estimated fleet evolution (avg. n. of vessels)1

Estimated net results on fixed contract days3

Potential upside to earnings2

Potential net results4

    1. Average number of vessels in each period based on contracts in place as of today (i.e. total estimated 'available days') and subject to changes.
    1. Based on estimated spot 'employment days' (i.e. net of estimated off-hire days) and assuming the exercise of DIS' TC-IN options.

4. Calculated as total days (i.e. including free or unfixed days) as of today and subject to changes x three different free rate assumptions (\$/d 18,000, \$/d 21,000, \$/d 24,000). Costs are estimated based on an assumed daily breakeven of US\$ 15,000/day applied to the assumed cost days of the period (according to DIS' internal projections).

3. Based on all estimated fixed days (i.e. contract coverage and fixed spot days) as of today and subject to changes. Costs are estimated based on an assumed daily breakeven of US\$ 15,000/day applied to the assumed cost days of the period (calculated as total days excluding 1.3% statistical off-hire ratio).

Temporary cost pressure.

Daily operating costs – owned and bareboat vessels1

General & administrative costs – total fleet

  • Following the successful efforts between FY'18 and FY'22 to first reduce and then control both Operating and G&A costs, an increase was expected starting in FY'23. This occurred and was driven by strong inflationary pressures and in the case of G&A also by the higher variable personnel compensation linked to DIS' strong financial performance, a trend that continued into the first nine months of 2025.
  • After the sharp increase in operating costs in FY'23 compared to FY'22 mainly due to higher crew and insurance expenses the rise in FY'24 was more moderate. In the first 9M'25, OPEX was approximately 5.7% higher than in the same period last year, again driven mostly by higher crew and insurance costs.

Operating cost growth eased in FY'24 after peaking in FY'23, with a 5.7% increase in the first 9M'25 vs. the same period last year, driven by crew and insurance.

Financial results. First 9M'25 Net financial position

(US\$
million)
Dec. 31st, 2024 Sep. 30th, 2025
Gross debt (285.5) (231.1)
IFRS 16 –
additional liabilities
(3.4) (2.2)
Cash and cash equivalents 164.9 148.9
Other current financial assets1 3.0 2.0
Net financial position (NFP) (121.0) (82.4)
Net financial position (NFP) excl. IFR16 (117.6) (80.2)
Fleet market value (FMV) 1,214.1 1,085.3
NFP (excluding IFRS 16) / FMV 9.7% 7.4%
  • Net Financial Position (NFP) of US\$(82.4)m and Cash and cash equivalent of US\$148.9m as at the end of Sep'25 vs. NFP of US\$(121.0)m and Cash and cash equivalent of US\$164.9m as at the end of Dec'24 (NFP of US\$ (224.3)m at YE'23, US\$ (409.9)m at YE'22, US\$ (520.3)m at YE'21, of US\$ (561.5)m at YE'20, and of US\$ (682.8)m at YE'19). In addition, at the end of June'25, DIS had approximately US\$21.1m in undrawn and available short-term credit lines.
  • The NFP (excluding IFRS16) to FMV ratio was of 7.4% at the end of Sep'25 vs. 9.7% at the end of Dec'24 (18.0% at YE'23, 36.0% at YE'22, 60.4% at YE'21, 65.9% at YE'20, 64.0% at YE'19 and 72.9% at YE'18). This substantial improvement over the years, is attributable to DIS' equity capital increase in FY'19, its strong operating cash flow generation in FY'20 and from FY'22 to the first 9M'25, as well as to vessel sales over the past few years. In addition, given the healthy market conditions and a still positive medium-term outlook for our industry, vessel values have risen markedly since the end of 2021, despite a decline in second-half of 2024 and first-half of 2025, partially compensated by an uptick in prices since.

DIS has continued to strengthen its financial structure in the first 9M'25, with robust liquidity of US\$ 148.9m and a low NFP/FMV ratio of 7.4% (72.9% at the end of FY'18) as at period end.

Financial results. First 9M'25 Results

(US\$ million) Q3′24 Q3′25 9M′24 9M′25
TCE Earnings 83.9 66.8 294.5 196.6
Total net revenue 85.2 68.0 298.1 200.2
Result on disposal of vessels (0.3) (0.3) 4.3 (8.0)
EBITDA 57.7 39.2 218.8 112.5
Asset impairment - - - (3.8)
EBIT 43.3 26.7 174.3 71.1
Net Result 40.2 24.3 163.1 62.8
Non-recurring items:
(US\$ million) Q3′24 Q3′25 9M′24 9M′25
Result on disposal of vessels (0.3) (0.3) 4.3 (0.8)
Non-recurring financial items - 0.2 (0.1) 0.3
Asset impairment - - - (3.8)
Total non-recurring items (0.3) (0.1) 4.2 (4.3)
Net Result excl. non-recurring items 40.5 24.3 158.9 67.1
  • TCE Earnings US\$ 196.6m in the first 9M'25 and US\$ 66.8m in Q3'25 (US\$ 294.5m in the first 9M'24 and US\$ 83.9m in Q3'24). DIS' total daily average TCE was of US\$ 23,583 in the first 9M'25 and US\$ 24,335 in Q3'25 (US\$ 33,395 in the first 9M'24 and US\$ 28,602 in Q3'24) see next slide for further details.
  • EBITDA US\$ 112.5m in the first 9M'25 and US\$ 39.2m in Q3'25 (US\$ 218.8m in the first 9M'24 and US\$ 57.7m in Q3'24). DIS' EBITDA margin stood at 56.2%, and operating cash flow was positive, amounting to US\$ 132.2m in the first 9M'25.
  • Asset impairment –In June 2025, DIS agreed to sell two of its oldest vessels, MT Glenda Melody and MT Glenda Melissa. In accordance with IFRS 5, the vessels were reclassified as assets held for sale, and their carrying amounts were adjusted to the agreed sale prices, resulting in an impairment loss of US\$ (3.8) million recognized at time. The first vessel was delivered to her buyers in July, while the second is expected to be delivered by the end of December. The Company will generate approximately US\$31.0m in cash upon the delivery of these two ships.
  • Net Result Net profit of US\$ 62.8m in the first 9M'25 and US\$ 24.3m in Q3'25 (US\$ 163.1m in the first 9M'24 and US\$ 40.2m in Q3'24). Excluding the result on disposals and non-recurring financial items, as well as the asset impairment, DIS' Net result would have been of US\$ 67.1m in the first 9M'25 and US\$ 24.3m in Q3'25 (US\$ 158.9m in the first 9M'24 and US\$ 40.5m in Q3'24).

DIS delivered strong results in the first 9 months of 2025, albeit lower than last year, reflecting a still robust product tanker market. The third quarter was the most profitable so far this year, with the net result up by almost 24% quarter-on-quarter.

Financial results. First 9M'25 Key operating measures

Key
Operating
Measures
Q1 2024 Q2 2024 Q3 2024 9M 2024 Q4 2024 FY 2024 Q1 2025 Q2 2025 Q3 2025 9M 2025
Avg. n. of vessels 35.5 33.5 33.0 34.0 33.0 33.7 32.7 32.0 31.1 31.9
Fleet contact
coverage
41.3% 42.5% 43.5% 42.4% 38.7% 41.5% 39.6% 50.8% 54.9% 48.4%
Daily TCE Spot
(US\$/d)
38,201 44,949 29,679 37,563 23,547 33,871 21,154 24,497 25,502 23,473
Daily TCE Covered
(US\$/d)
28,123 27,903 27,204 27,738 26,381 27,420 24,567 23,365 23,378 23,700
  • DIS' daily average spot TCE was of US\$ 23,473 in the first 9M'25, compared to US\$ 37,563 in the same period of last year, reflecting a still very profitable freight market, albeit softer relative to the exceptionally high levels recorded in 2024. In Q3'25, DIS achieved a daily average spot TCE of US\$ 25,502 compared to US\$ 29,679 in Q3'24.
  • At the same time and in line with its strategy, DIS maintained a good level of coverage (fixed-rate period contracts) in the first 9M'25, securing through period contracts an average of 48.4% of its available vessel days at a daily average TCE rate of US\$ 23,700 (9M'24: 42.4% coverage at US\$ 27,738/day).
  • DIS' total daily average TCE (Spot and Time charter1 ) was of US\$ 23,583 in the first 9M'25 vs. US\$ 33,395 in the first 9M'24 (Q3'25: US\$ 24,335 vs. Q3'24: US\$ 28,602).

DIS achieved a daily average spot rate of US\$ 23,473 in the first 9M'25 and US\$ 25,502 in Q3'25. This, combined with the Company's period coverage, resulted in a very profitable total daily TCE of US\$ 23,583 in the first 9M'25 and US\$ 24,335 in Q3'25.

DIS' CAPEX1 commitments.

  • DIS invested US\$ 924.4m1 from FY'12 to FY'19, mostly related to 22 newbuildings ordered since 2012.
  • DIS invested US\$263.4 million since '22 on vessel acquisitions, including the exercise of purchase options on 6 modern Japanese MR2 vessels2 previously time-chartered-in, the acquisition of the remaining 50% of a JV which owned 4 MR2 vessels and the first instalment of 20% on 4 LR1 vessels ordered at Jiangsu New Yangzi Shipbuilding Co., China for delivery in '27.
  • The total investment for these newbuildings is of approximately US\$ 235.4m1 , with the remaining instalments for these vessels due between FY'26 and FY'27.

In the first nine months of '25, DIS' investment relates to the exercise of purchase options on two time-charted-in vessels.

2. US\$ 30.4m in FY'22, US\$ 29.8m in FY'23, US\$ 31.0m in Q3'24, US\$ 31.0m in Q4'24, and US\$ 34.3m in Q1'25, US\$34.7m in Q2'25 to exercise its purchase options on High Adventurer, High Explorer, Crimson Jade, Crimson Pearl, High Navigator and High Leader, respectively.

1. In addition to yard Instalments, total CAPEX from FY'12 to FY'19 includes also cost of supervision, first supply and the installation of one scrubber, costing US\$ 2.2 million on the last LR1 delivered in Oct'19. The total amount shown for FY'27 includes the cost of supervision, first supply, extras, and the installation of scrubbers on all four vessels.

DIS' purchase options on leased vessels.

Build Purch
Option
Vessel
Name
Date Delivery
Date
1
High
Priority
Mar-05 Feb-21
2
High
Voyager
Nov-14 Jan-23
3
High
Freedom
Jan-14 May-23
High
Fidelity
Aug-14 Sep-22
High
Discovery
Feb-14 Sep-22
4
High
Trust
Jan-16 Jul-23
5
High
Trader
Oct-15 Jul-23
6
High
Loyalty
Feb-15 Jun-23
7
Cielo
di
Houston
Jan-19 Sep-25

Exercised purchase options: Unexercised purchase options:

Vessel
Name
Build
Date
Option
Purch
Next
Ex
Date
Purch
Obligation
Date
Option
First
Ex
(In/Out
of
the
money)
High
Fidelity
Aug-14 Sep-26 Sep-32 In
the
money
High
Discovery
Feb-14 Sep-26 Sep-32 In
the
money
  • DIS has flexible purchase options on all its bareboat chartered-in vessels, allowing it to acquire them with three months' notice from the first exercise date. Based on today's depreciated market values and their respective exercise prices, all the remaining options are either in the money or, for those still not exercisable, theoretically in the money.
  • Starting from Sep'22, the previous leasing arrangements on the High Discovery and the High Fidelity were replaced with new ones, with ten-year terms, at a substantially lower cost and similar terms to the previous contracts, also in relation to early reimbursement. In addition, DIS exercised the following purchase options: High Voyager on Dec'22, High Freedom in Jan'23, High Trader, High Trust and High Loyalty in May'23, and Cielo di Houston in Jan'25. Currently, DIS has another 2 options that it plans to exercise in the future.

DIS plans to lower its break-even costs by gradually exercising the remaining purchase options on leased vessels.

    1. In Feb 2021, DIS announced the exercise of its purchase option on the MT High Priority for a consideration of US\$ 9.7m.
    1. In Dec 2022, DIS announced the exercise of its purchase option on the MT High Voyager for a consideration of US\$ 20.8m.
    1. In Jan 2023, DIS announced the exercise of its purchase option on the MT High Freedom for a consideration of US\$ 20.1m.
    1. In May 2023, DIS announced the exercise of its purchase option on the MT High Trust for a consideration of US\$ 22.2m.
    1. In May 2023, DIS announced the exercise of its purchase option on the MT High Trader for a consideration of US\$ 21.6m.
    1. In May 2023, DIS announced the exercise of its purchase option on the MT High Loyalty for a consideration of US\$ 21.4m.
    1. In Jan 2025, DIS announced the exercise of its purchase option on the MT Cielo di Houston for a consideration of US\$ 25.6m. 8. Market values as at Sep 30, 2025 depreciated linearly up to first exercise date (based on 25 years vessels' useful life less scrap value), less first exercise price.

DIS' purchase options on time-chartered-in vessels.

Exercised purchase options (US\$ mm):

Vessel Name Build
Date
Purch.
Option
Delivery
Date
Est. Market
Value less
Ex. Price at
Ex. Date
Est Market
Value less
Book Value
at Sep'25
High Adventurer Nov-17 Dec-22 8.6 10.0
High Explorer May-18 May-23 12.0 11.2
High Transporter Jun-17 Jul-24 13.5 7.5
High Mariner Aug-17 Oct-24 13.5 7.2
High Navigator May-18 Feb-25 4.5 5.1
High Leader Jun-18 Apr-25 4.6 4.8
56.7 45.9
  • DIS has also exercised six purchase options on its time-chartered-in vessels, which were all well in the money relative to their current market value.
  • Two of these options, relating to the High Adventurer and High Explorer, were in Yen and were particularly attractive due to the currency's strong depreciation relative to the US\$. These options were exercised with delivery of the High Adventurer and of the High Explorer in Dec'22 and in May'23, respectively.
  • In Q2'24 DIS exercised its purchase option on Crimson Jade (renamed High Transporter), delivered in July'24.
  • In Q3'24, DIS exercised its purchase option on Crimson Pearl (renamed High Mariner), delivered in Oct'24.
  • Additionally, in Q4'24 DIS exercised its purchase options also on High Navigator delivered in Feb'25 and High Leader, delivered in Apr'25.

Through the exercise of these options, DIS has taken ownership of six young and efficient MR vessels, all built by some of the most renowned Japanese shipyards, at purchase prices significantly below their current market value, creating substantial value for our Company and Shareholders.

Contracts and modern fleet to drive future results.

• For FY'25, DIS has covered ~50% of its available vessel days at an average TC equivalent rate of ~US\$ 23.6 thousand.

TC contracts allow DIS to:

  • consolidate strategic relationships with Oil Majors (Chevron, Exxon, Total, Saudi Aramco) and leading trading houses;
  • hedge against spot market volatility allowing DIS to secure TCE Earnings (FY'25 US\$ 132.9m; FY'26 US\$ 81.5m; FY'27 US\$ 22.9m are already secured as of today);
  • improve its operating cash flow (TC Hires are paid monthly in advance).
  • DIS aims usually for a period contract coverage of between 40% and 60% in the following 12 months.

DIS' increasing % of 'Eco' fleet (based on all controlled vessels)

% Eco vessels on total fleet at period-end

average actual cost.

  • DIS' percentage of 'Eco' vessels was of only 38% in Q1'18, increasing to 78% in FY'22 and is expected to reach 91% by the end of FY'27.
  • The eco percentage should rise even higher than indicated on the chart on the left, as during the next two years DIS is likely to sell some of its older vessels in a still strong market.
  • An increasing percentage of 'Eco' vessels will increase DIS' earnings potential, given the premium rates achieved by these ships.

1. Situation based on covered 'employment days' (net of estimated off-hire days), and on current contracts in place, which are always subject to changes and assuming the exercise of DIS' TC-IN options. 2. 'Daily average TC rate' refers to TC contracts only, whilst 'Daily average TC equivalent covered rate' includes also bareboat-out contracts., based on an assumed daily operating expenses in line with DIS'

Strong freight rates and resilient asset values.

Historical MR TC and spot rates1

Historical MR asset values1

According to Clarksons, the one-year time-charter rate for an Eco MR vessel is currently of US\$ 23,500 per day and the one-year time-charter rate for an Eco LR1 vessel is of US\$ 26,500 per day1.

Asset values and freight rates have surged since the onset of the war in Ukraine. Freight rates have softened in the last few months but are still at historically high levels; asset values, especially for young tonnage and newbuildings, have been more resilient.

Trade disruptions. Russian refined product exports1

Russia's refined product exports

  • Russian refined product exports have been trending downwards over the last few months, as Ukrainian attacks on refining facilities has affected around 20% of the country's refined capacity, limiting production available for exports, and as more sanctions are imposed on the country. According to Vortexa, in the first 10 months of 2025, Russian exports of refined product amounted on average to 2.3 mb/d, 15.8% lower than the average of FY'21.
  • Disruptions to trade flows due to the rerouting of Russian oil to new more distant locations have significantly increased sailing times. In fact, shipments from Western Russia (Baltic) to Northwest Europe took around 10 days, while voyages from the same loading ports to India and China take approximately 30 to 40 days, respectively.
  • Recently announced sanctions on Lukoil and Rosneft by the US, coming into force on 21 November, could further disrupt Russian product exports.

Russian exports have been trending down since April '25, due to an escalation of attacks by Ukrainians on refineries and due to stricter sanctions on vessels and local oil companies.

Trade disruptions. Red Sea attacks

Voyage duration increase on key trades (sea-days)2

East to West CPP ton-days (million) and % via Suez1

East to West and West to East CPP ton-days (million)1

  • Around 12-14% of all refined products volumes transited through the Red Sea prior to the Houthi attacks.
  • According to our estimates, voyage duration for the main routes typically crossing Suez increase by between 32% and 67% if vessels have instead to sail through the Cape of Good Hope.
  • Following a big surge in the first 9 months of '24, total CPP tonmiles on the East to West and West to East routes declined, as lower refining margins and higher transportation costs around Cape of Good Hope, closed arbitrages.
  • Volumes crossing Suez Canal have recently risen slightly but are still well below 2023 levels.

The closure of Suez was positive for the product tankers in the first 9 months of last year but thereafter potentially negative as arbitrages closed and ton-day volumes declined markedly.

    1. Source: Clarksons and d'Amico International Shipping. Oct'25.
    1. Source: d'Amico International Shipping management's estimates, assuming ships steaming at 13 knots with 10% weather. Routes via Suez assume 1 day canal transit.

Trade disruptions. CPP Cannibalization

  • In '24 as DPP earnings declined, impacted by lower Chinese crude demand, larger vessels have been drawn to the comparatively more lucrative clean markets.
  • Several Suezmax and VLCCs cleaned up in Q3'24, lifting large volumes from the Middle East and Far East destined for Europe or West Africa.
  • According to Steem 1960, in Q3'24, approximately 12% of the long-haul volumes headed east of Suez were transported by uncoated vessels, reaching a 20-year peak.
  • This figure decreased markedly since, and although it has been trending up in '25, as at the end of Q3'25 it stood at around 7%, well below levels one-year earlier.
  • Due to the stronger crude markets and rising yard deliveries, in '25 we have been witnessing less clean-ups but more newbuildings transporting clean petroleum products on their maiden voyages.

Strong crude markets in '25 and expected in '26, should limit clean petroleum product (CPP) cargoes cannibalization, which should be limited mostly to newbuildings.

1. Source: STEEM 1960 Shipbrokers as at Oct'25.

Source: Vortexa, as at Oct'25. Based on departure date.

High and rising refining margins.

Refining cracks, Rotterdam CIF or Barge FOB vs Brent1

US Gulf Coast refining margins1

Refining margins are again at very high levels and have been recently improving, in particular for diesel and jet fuel, driven by lower Russian CPP exports and refinery closures in the US and Europe.

Trade disruptions. Sanctions

  • Large increase in tankers sanctioned following the EU's recently introduced 19th sanctions package.
  • Sanctions imposed by OFAC recently, on Lukoil and Rosneft, the two largest Russian oil exporters, representing 60% of the country's crude output, and around 45%, equivalent to approximately 400 thousand bpd, of the country's gasoil exports, might not halt exports from these companies, which are likely to rely on well oiled circumvention practices such as the use of intermediaries and ship-to-ship transfers.
  • Nonetheless, the latest OFAC sanctions are going to make the market even less efficient, increasing the costs of exports for Russia and the transit time for its oil. In this respect, unsurprisingly, we have recently seen a huge spike in the sanctioned oil at sea of 100 million barrels.
  • Russian diesel exports to Turkey are likely to fall due to the latest OFAC sanctions, with buyers in more distant locations likely to step-in.

Tougher sanctions are significantly reducing effective fleet availability and productivity, sustaining higher freight rates across most tanker classes.

Source: Vortexa as of Oct'25
Source: Affinity as of Oct'25

certified

Trade disruptions. US and Chinese Port Fees

  • In April, the office of the US Trade Representative (USTR) released a revised proposal for US port fees targeting Chinese maritime interests. Compared to the earlier, broader draft, the updated framework significantly reduces the impact on non-Chinese operators. It eliminates fees based on fleet composition or orderbook and exempts Chinese-built vessels arriving in ballast. Implementation of the fees initially took effect on October 14, 2025, but was subsequently postponed by one year.
  • China responded to these fees by by imposing fees from the same date on ships operated by U.S. enterprises, other organizations and individuals; ships owned or operated by enterprises or other organizations in which U.S. enterprises, other organizations and individuals directly or indirectly hold 25% or more of the equity (voting rights, board seats); ships flying the U.S. flag; and ships built in the United States. Implementation of the Chinese fees was also postponed by one year.
  • DIS should be exempt from the US port fees: As an operator of MR and LR1 tankers, DIS is unlikely to be affected by the revised fee structure due to several exemptions. The company does not own or operate Chinese vessels, aside from four newbuilding orders expected for delivery in 2027. Furthermore, most of our tankers fall within the exemption thresholds since they are smaller than 55,000 dwt. An exemption also applies to vessels with an individual bulk capacity of up to 80,000 dwt; it is currently not clear if this exemption applies also to tankers, potentially excluding also our LR1 newbuilding orders. DIS should also be exempt from the Chinese port fees.
  • The overarching aim of the US legislation is to penalize Chinese shipyards. Over time, this could benefit the product tanker market by reducing new orders at Chinese yards, with limited production capacity available elsewhere.

Fees on Chinese built vessels could be positive for the product tanker sector.

Oil demand and refining throughputs rising tepidly.

  • Following a growth of 1.0 mb/d in FY'24, the IEA expects oil demand to increase by 0.7 mb/d in both FY'25 and FY'26.
  • Despite the recent slowdown in economic growth, non-OECD countries will continue to drive global oil consumption growth both in FY'25 (+0.74 mb/d), and FY'26 (+0.81 mb/d), projected to remain highly concentrated in emerging Asian economies.
  • Global refinery throughputs increased by 0.6 mb/d in FY'24 to 82.9 mb/d. Throughputs are forecast to rise by an additional 0.6 mb/d in FY'25 to 83.5 mb/d, and by 0.5 mb/d also in FY'26 to 84.0 mb/d.
  • Projected growth is supported by stronger non-OECD crude volumes (+0.6 mb/d in FY'25; +1.0 mb/d in FY'26), while refinery closures in the Americas and Europe are expected to weigh on OECD runs which are expected to remain flat in FY'25 and decrease in FY'26 (-0.5 mb/d).
  • Significant increases in refining throughput in the Middle East and Africa are driven by new capacity that has recently come online

Despite modest global economic growth, oil demand and refining throughputs continue rising.

Abundant oil supply growth.

  • In FY'24, world oil supply expanded by 0.89 mb/d, averaging 103.14 mb/d. Non-OPEC+ production rose by 1.67 mb/d, while OPEC+ output fell by 0.78 mb/d. In FY'25, world oil supply is projected to increase by 3.0 mb/d to 106.15 mb/d, and by a further 2.4 mb/d to 108.5 mb/d in FY'26. Non-OPEC+ producers, led by the USA, are expected to add 1.6 mb/d this year and 1.2 mb/d next year, bringing their supply to 54.9 mb/d and 56.0 mb/d, respectively.
  • The USA will account for around 38% of global supply growth in FY'25. Significant contributions are also expected from Brazil, Guyana, and Canada. These four countries are projected to reach record production, collectively adding nearly 1.3 mb/d—or 43% of this year's total increase.
  • OPEC+ increased production quotas by 2.45 mb/d between April and September '25, with an additional increase of 137 kb/d having occurred in October and the same monthly increases scheduled for November 2025 and December 2025.
  • The oversupply which would result from the above-described increases in oil production are likely to be partially compensated by lower output from Iran and from Russia, after the recent sanctioning of Lukoil and Rosneft by OFAC.

The oil market is likely to be oversupplied in Q4 '25 and '26, but tougher sanctions on Russia and Iran could help rebalance the market.

Rising oil inventories, especially on water.

Crude oil price (Brent, US\$ bbl), forward curve1

OECD industry refined product stocks3

CPP vs DPP and crude oil floating storage2

Rising oil inventories resulting from a market likely to be oversupplied, could lead to a forward price curve in contango, spurring floating storage.

    1. Source: Bloomberg as at 28 Oct'25
    1. Source: Various shipbrokers as at Oct'25.
    1. Source: IEA Oct'25.
    1. Source: Vortexa as at Oct'25

Gasoil and Jet Fuel leading oil demand growth in '25.

% Change in number of commercial flights vs. 20191

Jet fuel & Kerosene demand 2021-2025 (kbpd)2

Global demand growth by product 2025 (kbpd)2

  • Since June 2020, the number of commercial flights has steadily increased, surpassing 2019 levels for the first time in early February 2023.
  • Jet fuel demand growth has continued at a robust pace also in FY'25.
  • The most important contributors to oil demand growth in '25 are expected to be Gas/Diesel Oil Naphtha (+0.27 mb/d), Jet Fuel (+0.20 mb/d), and Motor Gasoline (+0.18 mb/d).

Gasoil and jet fuel are leading oil demand growth in '25.

Growing Chinese naphtha imports.

Chinese naphtha imports1

  • According to Rystad Energy China will add around 6 m tons per year of ethylene capacity between now and H1 2026, and if LPG proves too costly, these petrochemical plants will turn to naphtha. Rystad predict that Chinese naphtha imports will hit an all-time high this year of 16 – 17 m tons, up from 12 m tons last year.
  • Recent sanctions imposed by OFAC on Russia are likely to lead to a partial replacement of Russian barrels, with more barrels from Idia and the Middle East.

Chinese naphtha imports have been growing steadily as China develops its petrochemical industry.

.

Support expected also from the crude tanker market1

Crude tankers' orderbook % Fleet (dwt)1

US\$/day

  • Historical crude tankers' TCE spot rates1 Crude tankers can, as they have done in the summer of 2024, cleanup to transport clean product cargoes when dirty markets are relatively weak.
  • Crude tankers, however, will benefit over the coming years from a low orderbook.
  • Albeit with significant volatility, since the onset of the Ukrainian war freight rates have been strong for crude tankers, particularly in Q4'22 and in Q1'23. As expected, rates for these vessels have strengthened substantially recently.
  • As expected, the percentage of LR2s trading clean has been falling and should continue doing so as strong crude markets draw more vessels into that trade.

Strong fundamentals for crude tankers over the next few years should provide further support for product tankers.

Longer-term demand. Changes in the refinery landscap

  • Global refinery crude distillation capacity should rise by 1.9m b/d in the '25-27 period, after having risen by 2.4m b-d in '23-24.
  • Planned refinery net capacity additions in the '25-'27 period are mainly in India (+0.78m b/d, 55.8% share), China (+0.66m b/d, 47.1% share), the Middle East (+0.39m b/d, 27.9% share), and Africa (+0.11m b/d, 7.8% share).
  • Older refineries, in particular in Europe but also in other areas such Australia/New Zealand and the US, have been suffering from poor margins and were destined for closure due to the planned ramp-up in capacity from more modern refineries in the Middle East and Asia.
  • In FY'25, more than 1.0m b/d of refinery capacity is expected to shut down, with the US accounting for over 400k b/d of closures, followed by Europe with 370k b/d. In contrast, FY'26 gross capacity additions are projected to be of 1.5m b/d, largely driven by India, China, and the Middle East, while announced closures are limited to just 300k b/d.
  • Over the next few years, imports by Europe, the US West Coast and by all the regions of the southern hemisphere, from the Middle East, India and China, are likely to expand.
  • Strong growth in refinery capacity in the Middle East and Asia from '25-'27, coupled with refinery closures in the US and Europe, to contribute to a further increase in ton-miles.

Growing pool of demolition candidates.

Fleet composition by age (All tankers)1

Vessels turning 25 years (MRs and LR1s)2

Vessels turning 25 years (All tankers)2

The rapidly ageing fleet, coupled with the many forces spurring demolition, should contribute to very limited fleet growth in the next few years.

1. Source: Dwt as at period-end based on Clarksons Research as at Oct'25 and management estimates, including that new vessels ordered each year are equivalent to 4.0% of the previous year-end fleet and that demolitions each are equivalent to 20% of the previous year's end fleet which is over 20 years-old. For all tankers series, it includes vessels above 10k dwt.

2. Based on the delivery dates of vessels, assuming they are not demolished earlier.

Accelerating deliveries and rising scrapping potential

Estimated deliveries all other tankers

Estimated deliveries MR and LR1

All tankers demolitions, 2018-20251

Deliveries are accelerating from Q4'25. The strong freight markets since FY'22, led to a sharp slowdown in demolitions from Q3'22, with an uptick evident in the first nine months of this year. As the fleet ages rapidly, and due to the rapid increase in the pool of sanctioned vessels, an increase in demolitions is expected, even in a strong market.

Sharp drop in newbuild orders in '25 to date.

  • Shipbuilding capacity has fallen sharply over the last few years, as yards were confronted with a dearth of orders, although due to more robust ordering over the last two years some Chinese yards are planning to increase production capacity.
  • Newbuild costs are rising due to inflation, regulations and higher steel prices.
  • Due to the large number of containers and gas carriers ordered in the past few years, in some of the same yards that build product tankers, vessels ordered today are for delivery at the earliest by the end of '27 or in most yards as late as '28 or '29
  • The temporarily delayed port fees on Chinese built vessels, high newbuilding prices and a more sizeable orderbook than a few years ago, has severely dampened interest in newbuild orders so far in '25.

&#mption of water
x27;N. of vessels': from Clarksons Research. 'Orderbook/fleet ratio': from Clarksons' Oil & Tanker Trades Outlook reports (product tanker fleet 25,000 to 84,999 dwt from 2014 to 2023, product tanker fleet 25.000 to 79.999 dwt from 2010 to 2013, double-hull fleet 25.000 to 79.999 dwt from 2007 to 2009).

Source: Vessel prices from Clarkson Research Services as at Oct'25. Newbuilding prices evolution based on 25 years depreciation, including US\$ 1m first supply and US\$ 4.3m scrap value.

Accelerating but manageable fleet growth.

MR & LR1 deliveries and scrapping (m dwt) (lhs), and net fleet growth (%)1dopted amendments to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) Annex VI that will require ships to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. These amendments combine technical and operational approaches to improve the energy efficiency of ships and are in line with the ambition of the Initial IMO GHG Strategy, which aims to reduce carbon intensity of international shipping by 40% by 2030, compared to 2008.

The new measures will require all ships to calculate their Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI) following technical means to improve their energy efficiency and to establish their annual operational carbon intensity indicator (CII) and CII rating. Carbon intensity links the GHG emissions to the vessel deadweight over distance travelled. These amendments entered into force on 1 November 2022, with the requirements for EEXI and CII certification coming into effect from 1 January 2023. A review clause requires the IMO to review the effectiveness of the implementation of the CII and EEXI requirements, by Jan 1 '26 at the latest, and, if necessary, develop and adopt further amendments.

  • Attained Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI) indicates the energy efficiency of the ship compared to (rhs)

Deliveries Removals Net Fleet Growth All tankers deliveries and scrapping (m dwt) (lhs), and net fleet growth (%)1p> (rhs)

MR & LR1 fleet age profile150**

In July 2023, IMO's Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC 80) has set more ambitious targets compared with the Initial IMO Strategy on Reduction of GHG Emissions from Ships. The new targets consider the Well-to-Wake (WtW) GHG emissions of marine fuels, as addressed in the Guidelines on lifecycle GHG intensity of marine fuels (LCA Guidelines) with the overall objective of reducing GHG emissions of international shipping without a shift to other sectors. Targets of the 2023 IMO GHG Strategy are as follows:

    1. Carbon intensity of the ship to decline through further improvement of the energy efficiency for new ships;
    1. To reduce CO2 emissions per transport work, as an average across international shipping, by at least 40% by 2030, compared with 2008;
    1. Uptake of zero or near-zero GHG emission technologies, fuels and/or energy sources to increase uptake of zero or nearzero GHG emission technologies, fuels and/or energy sources to represent at least 5%, striving for 10%, of the energy used by international shipping by 2030;
    1. To peak GHG emissions from international shipping as soon as possible and to reach net-zero GHG emissions by or around, i.e., close to, 2050, considering different national circumstances whilst pursuing efforts towards phasing them out as called for in the Vision consistent with the long-term temperature goal set out in Article 2 of the Paris Agreement.
    1. In addition, the Committee established two indicative checkpoints to reach net-zero GHG emissions from international shipping:
  • To reduce the total annual GHG emissions from international shipping by at least 20%, striving for 30% in 2030, compared with 2008;
  • To reduce the total annual GHG emissions from international shipping by at least 70%, striving for 80% by 2040, compared with 2008
    1. The Committee agreed on the following timelines for the candidate measures set out in the 2023 IMO GHG Strategy:
  • The review of the short-term mandatory goal-based technical and operational measures shall be completed by

All tankers fleet age profile1ecline through further improvement of the energy efficiency for new ships;

    1. To reduce CO2 emissions per transport work, as an average across international shipping, by at least 40% by 2030, compared with 2008;
    1. Uptake of zero or near-zero GHG emission technologies, fuels and/or energy sources to increase uptake of zero or nearzero GHG emission technologies, fuels and/or energy sources to represent at least 5%, striving for 10%, of the energy used by international shipping by 2030;
    1. To peak GHG emissions from international shipping as soon as possible and to reach net-zero GHG emissions by or around, i.e., close to, 2050, considering different national circumstances whilst pursuing efforts towards phasing them out as called for in the Vision consistent with the long-term temperature goal set out in Article 2 of the Paris Agreement.
    1. In addition, the Committee established two indicative checkpoints to reach net-zero GHG emissions from international shipping:
  • To reduce the total annual GHG emissions from international shipping by at least 20%, striving for 30% in 2030, compared with 2008;
  • To reduce the total annual GHG emissions from international shipping by at least 70%, striving for 80% by 2040, compared with 2008
    1. The Committee agreed on the following timelines for the candidate measures set out in the 2023 IMO GHG Strategy:
  • The review of the short-term mandatory goal-based technical and operational measures shall be completed by

Fleet expansion is expected to accelerate in the coming years, but even assuming limited scrapping, should stay low by historical standards.

Historical NAV evolution.

DIS' Historical NAV evolution1,2,3res could be finalized and agreed between 2023 and 2030.

Long-term measures could be finalized and agreed by the Committee beyond 2030, to be developed as part of the 2028 review of the IMO GHG Strategy.

IMO (MEPC 83): Approval of Net-Zero Framework

The 83rd session of the International Maritime Organization's Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC 83), held from 7 to 11 April 2025, marked a pivotal advancement in maritime environmental regulation. Key decisions were made to align international shipping with the 2023 IMO GHG Strategy, aiming for net-zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by or around 2050. The following are the major Outcomes from MEPC 83:

Approval of the IMO Net-Zero Framework (Mid-Term GHG Measures)

MEPC 83 approved draft amendments to MARPOL Annex VI, introducing a new Chapter 5 focused on mid-term GHG reduction measures. These include:

  • Global Fuel Standard (GFS): mandates a progressive reduction in the GHG intensity of marine fuels, measured on a well-to-wake basis.
  • Economic Measure: implements a pricing mechanism where ships exceeding GHG intensity thresholds must acquire remedial units, while those using zero or near-zero GHG technologies may earn surplus units.

These measures are slated for adoption at an extraordinary MEPC session in October 2025, with an expected entry into force on 1 March 2027.

Completion of Phase 1 Review of Short-Term GHG Measures

The committee finalized Phase 1 of the review of short-term GHG reduction measures, which include the Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI), Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP), and Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII). Notably, annual CII reduction factors were set for 2027–2030, culminating in a 21.5% reduction relative to the 2019 baseline by 2030.

Designation of New Emission Control Areas

MEPC 83 approved the designation of the North-East Atlantic Ocean as an Emission Control Area (ECA) for sulphur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter. The SOx control measures are expected to enter into force on 1 January 2028.

IMO (MEPC 83): Approval of Net-Zero Framework

The 83rd session of the International Maritime Organization's Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC 83), held from 7 to 11 April 2025, marked a pivotal advancement in maritime environmental regulation. Key decisions were made to align international shipping with the 2023 IMO GHG Strategy, aiming for net-zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by or around 2050. The following are the major Outcomes from MEPC 83:

Approval of the IMO Net-Zero Framework (Mid-Term GHG Measures)

MEPC 83 approved draft amendments to MARPOL Annex VI, introducing a new Chapter 5 focused on mid-term GHG reduction measures. These include:

  • Global Fuel Standard (GFS): mandates a progressive reduction in the GHG intensity of marine fuels, measured on a well-to-wake basis.
  • Economic Measure: implements a pricing mechanism where ships exceeding GHG intensity thresholds must acquire remedial units, while those using zero or near-zero GHG technologies may earn surplus units.

These measures are slated for adoption at an extraordinary MEPC session in October 2025, with an expected entry into force on 1 March 2027.

Completion of Phase 1 Review of Short-Term GHG Measures

The committee finalized Phase 1 of the review of short-term GHG reduction measures, which include the Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI), Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP), and Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII). Notably, annual CII reduction factors were set for 2027–2030, culminating in a 21.5% reduction relative to the 2019 baseline by 2030.

Designation of New Emission Control Areas

MEPC 83 approved the designation of the North-East Atlantic Ocean as an Emission Control Area (ECA) for sulphur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter. The SOx control measures are expected to enter into force on 1 January 2028.

(MEPC/ES.2), October 2025

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has agreed to adjourn the extraordinary session of the Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC), which was convened from 14 to 17 October 2025 to consider the adoption of draft amendments to MARPOL Annex VI, including the IMO Net-Zero Framework.

The extraordinary session will be reconvened in 12 months' time. In the interim, Member States will continue to work towards consensus on the IMO Net Zero Framework.

EU Emission Trading System (ETS) and Fuel EU.

The European Commission has recently published a set of legislative proposals to enable the EU to attain its 2030 target of reducing its greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55% by 2030 compared with 1990 levels. In particular, the EU Commission included shipping in the EU Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS), the EU carbon market, and imposed greenhouse gas intensity requirements on shipping fuels, through the Fuel EU Maritime.

  • The Emission Trading System (ETS), was extended to maritime transport. The ETS is applied from

As at September 30theg)

IMO (MEPC 83): Approval of Net-Zero Framework

The 83rd session of the International Maritime Organization's Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC 83), held from 7 to 11 April 2025, marked a pivotal advancement in maritime environmental regulation. Key decisions were made to align international shipping with the 2023 IMO GHG Strategy, aiming for net-zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by or around 2050. The following are the major Outcomes from MEPC 83:

Approval of the IMO Net-Zero Framework (Mid-Term GHG Measures)

MEPC 83 approved draft amendments to MARPOL Annex VI, introducing a new Chapter 5 focused on mid-term GHG reduction measures. These include:

  • Global Fuel Standard (GFS): mandates a progressive reduction in the GHG intensity of marine fuels, measured on a well-to-wake basis.
  • Economic Measure: implements a pricing mechanism where ships exceeding GHG intensity thresholds must acquire remedial units, while those using zero or near-zero GHG technologies may earn surplus units.

These measures are slated for adoption at an extraordinary MEPC session in October 2025, with an expected entry into force on 1 March 2027.

Completion of Phase 1 Review of Short-Term GHG Measures

The committee finalized Phase 1 of the review of short-term GHG reduction measures, which include the Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI), Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP), and Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII). Notably, annual CII reduction factors were set for 2027–2030, culminating in a 21.5% reduction relative to the 2019 baseline by 2030.

Designation of New Emission Control Areas

MEPC 83 approved the designation of the North-East Atlantic Ocean as an Emission Control Area (ECA) for sulphur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter. The SOx control measures are expected to enter into force on 1 January 2028.

IMO (MEPC 83): Approval of Net-Zero Framework

The 83rd session of the International Maritime Organization's Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC 83), held from 7 to 11 April 2025, marked a pivotal advancement in maritime environmental regulation. Key decisions were made to align international shipping with the 2023 IMO GHG Strategy, aiming for net-zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by or around 2050. The following are the major Outcomes from MEPC 83:

Approval of the IMO Net-Zero Framework (Mid-Term GHG Measures)

MEPC 83 approved draft amendments to MARPOL Annex VI, introducing a new Chapter 5 focused on mid-term GHG reduction measures. These include:

  • Global Fuel Standard (GFS): mandates a progressive reduction in the GHG intensity of marine fuels, measured on a well-to-wake basis.
  • Economic Measure: implements a pricing mechanism where ships exceeding GHG intensity thresholds must acquire remedial units, while those using zero or near-zero GHG technologies may earn surplus units.

These measures are slated for adoption at an extraordinary MEPC session in October 2025, with an expected entry into force on 1 March 2027.

Completion of Phase 1 Review of Short-Term GHG Measures

The committee finalized Phase 1 of the review of short-term GHG reduction measures, which include the Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI), Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP), and Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII). Notably, annual CII reduction factors were set for 2027–2030, culminating in a 21.5% reduction relative to the 2019 baseline by 2030.

Designation of New Emission Control Areas

MEPC 83 approved the designation of the North-East Atlantic Ocean as an Emission Control Area (ECA) for sulphur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter. The SOx control measures are expected to enter into force on 1 January 2028.

(MEPC/ES.2), October 2025

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has agreed to adjourn the extraordinary session of the Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC), which was convened from 14 to 17 October 2025 to consider the adoption of draft amendments to MARPOL Annex VI, including the IMO Net-Zero Framework.

The extraordinary session will be reconvened in 12 months' time. In the interim, Member States will continue to work towards consensus on the IMO Net Zero Framework.

EU Emission Trading System (ETS) and Fuel EU.

The European Commission has recently published a set of legislative proposals to enable the EU to attain its 2030 target of reducing its greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55% by 2030 compared with 1990 levels. In particular, the EU Commission included shipping in the EU Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS), the EU carbon market, and imposed greenhouse gas intensity requirements on shipping fuels, through the Fuel EU Maritime.

  • The Emission Trading System (ETS), was extended to maritime transport. The ETS is applied from 2025, DIS' NAV1,2,3val of Net-Zero Framework**

The 83rd session of the International Maritime Organization's Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC 83), held from 7 to 11 April 2025, marked a pivotal advancement in maritime environmental regulation. Key decisions were made to align international shipping with the 2023 IMO GHG Strategy, aiming for net-zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by or around 2050. The following are the major Outcomes from MEPC 83:

Approval of the IMO Net-Zero Framework (Mid-Term GHG Measures)

MEPC 83 approved draft amendments to MARPOL Annex VI, introducing a new Chapter 5 focused on mid-term GHG reduction measures. These include:

  • Global Fuel Standard (GFS): mandates a progressive reduction in the GHG intensity of marine fuels, measured on a well-to-wake basis.
  • Economic Measure: implements a pricing mechanism where ships exceeding GHG intensity thresholds must acquire remedial units, while those using zero or near-zero GHG technologies may earn surplus units.

These measures are slated for adoption at an extraordinary MEPC session in October 2025, with an expected entry into force on 1 March 2027.

Completion of Phase 1 Review of Short-Term GHG Measures

The committee finalized Phase 1 of the review of short-term GHG reduction measures, which include the Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI), Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP), and Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII). Notably, annual CII reduction factors were set for 2027–2030, culminating in a 21.5% reduction relative to the 2019 baseline by 2030.

Designation of New Emission Control Areas

MEPC 83 approved the designation of the North-East Atlantic Ocean as an Emission Control Area (ECA) for sulphur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter. The SOx control measures are expected to enter into force on 1 January 2028.

IMO (MEPC 83): Approval of Net-Zero Framework

The 83rd session of the International Maritime Organization's Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC 83), held from 7 to 11 April 2025, marked a pivotal advancement in maritime environmental regulation. Key decisions were made to align international shipping with the 2023 IMO GHG Strategy, aiming for net-zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by or around 2050. The following are the major Outcomes from MEPC 83:

Approval of the IMO Net-Zero Framework (Mid-Term GHG Measures)

MEPC 83 approved draft amendments to MARPOL Annex VI, introducing a new Chapter 5 focused on mid-term GHG reduction measures. These include:

  • Global Fuel Standard (GFS): mandates a progressive reduction in the GHG intensity of marine fuels, measured on a well-to-wake basis.
  • Economic Measure: implements a pricing mechanism where ships exceeding GHG intensity thresholds must acquire remedial units, while those using zero or near-zero GHG technologies may earn surplus units.

These measures are slated for adoption at an extraordinary MEPC session in October 2025, with an expected entry into force on 1 March 2027.

Completion of Phase 1 Review of Short-Term GHG Measures

The committee finalized Phase 1 of the review of short-term GHG reduction measures, which include the Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI), Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP), and Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII). Notably, annual CII reduction factors were set for 2027–2030, culminating in a 21.5% reduction relative to the 2019 baseline by 2030.

Designation of New Emission Control Areas

MEPC 83 approved the designation of the North-East Atlantic Ocean as an Emission Control Area (ECA) for sulphur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter. The SOx control measures are expected to enter into force on 1 January 2028.

(MEPC/ES.2), October 2025

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has agreed to adjourn the extraordinary session of the Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC), which was convened from 14 to 17 October 2025 to consider the adoption of draft amendments to MARPOL Annex VI, including the IMO Net-Zero Framework.

The extraordinary session will be reconvened in 12 months' time. In the interim, Member States will continue to work towards consensus on the IMO Net Zero Framework.

EU Emission Trading System (ETS) and Fuel EU.

The European Commission has recently published a set of legislative proposals to enable the EU to attain its 2030 target of reducing its greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55% by 2030 compared with 1990 levels. In particular, the EU Commission included shipping in the EU Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS), the EU carbon market, and imposed greenhouse gas intensity requirements on shipping fuels, through the Fuel EU Maritime.

  • The Emission Trading System (ETS), was extended to maritime transport. The ETS is applied from was estimated at US\$ 1,011.3m, its fleet market value at US\$ 1,085.3m2tion's Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC 83), held from 7 to 11 April 2025, marked a pivotal advancement in maritime environmental regulation. Key decisions were made to align international shipping with the 2023 IMO GHG Strategy, aiming for net-zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by or around 2050. The following are the major Outcomes from MEPC 83:

Approval of the IMO Net-Zero Framework (Mid-Term GHG Measures)

MEPC 83 approved draft amendments to MARPOL Annex VI, introducing a new Chapter 5 focused on mid-term GHG reduction measures. These include:

  • Global Fuel Standard (GFS): mandates a progressive reduction in the GHG intensity of marine fuels, measured on a well-to-wake basis.
  • Economic Measure: implements a pricing mechanism where ships exceeding GHG intensity thresholds must acquire remedial units, while those using zero or near-zero GHG technologies may earn surplus units.

These measures are slated for adoption at an extraordinary MEPC session in October 2025, with an expected entry into force on 1 March 2027.

Completion of Phase 1 Review of Short-Term GHG Measures

The committee finalized Phase 1 of the review of short-term GHG reduction measures, which include the Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI), Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP), and Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII). Notably, annual CII reduction factors were set for 2027–2030, culminating in a 21.5% reduction relative to the 2019 baseline by 2030.

Designation of New Emission Control Areas

MEPC 83 approved the designation of the North-East Atlantic Ocean as an Emission Control Area (ECA) for sulphur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter. The SOx control measures are expected to enter into force on 1 January 2028.

IMO (MEPC 83): Approval of Net-Zero Framework

The 83rd session of the International Maritime Organization's Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC 83), held from 7 to 11 April 2025, marked a pivotal advancement in maritime environmental regulation. Key decisions were made to align international shipping with the 2023 IMO GHG Strategy, aiming for net-zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by or around 2050. The following are the major Outcomes from MEPC 83:

Approval of the IMO Net-Zero Framework (Mid-Term GHG Measures)

MEPC 83 approved draft amendments to MARPOL Annex VI, introducing a new Chapter 5 focused on mid-term GHG reduction measures. These include:

  • Global Fuel Standard (GFS): mandates a progressive reduction in the GHG intensity of marine fuels, measured on a well-to-wake basis.
  • Economic Measure: implements a pricing mechanism where ships exceeding GHG intensity thresholds must acquire remedial units, while those using zero or near-zero GHG technologies may earn surplus units.

These measures are slated for adoption at an extraordinary MEPC session in October 2025, with an expected entry into force on 1 March 2027.

Completion of Phase 1 Review of Short-Term GHG Measures

The committee finalized Phase 1 of the review of short-term GHG reduction measures, which include the Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI), Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP), and Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII). Notably, annual CII reduction factors were set for 2027–2030, culminating in a 21.5% reduction relative to the 2019 baseline by 2030.

Designation of New Emission Control Areas

MEPC 83 approved the designation of the North-East Atlantic Ocean as an Emission Control Area (ECA) for sulphur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter. The SOx control measures are expected to enter into force on 1 January 2028.

(MEPC/ES.2), October 2025

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has agreed to adjourn the extraordinary session of the Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC), which was convened from 14 to 17 October 2025 to consider the adoption of draft amendments to MARPOL Annex VI, including the IMO Net-Zero Framework.

The extraordinary session will be reconvened in 12 months' time. In the interim, Member States will continue to work towards consensus on the IMO Net Zero Framework.

EU Emission Trading System (ETS) and Fuel EU.

The European Commission has recently published a set of legislative proposals to enable the EU to attain its 2030 target of reducing its greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55% by 2030 compared with 1990 levels. In particular, the EU Commission included shipping in the EU Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS), the EU carbon market, and imposed greenhouse gas intensity requirements on shipping fuels, through the Fuel EU Maritime.

  • The Emission Trading System (ETS), was extended to maritime transport. The ETS is applied from and its closing stock price was around 40% below its NAV/share.

1.d session of the International Maritime Organization's Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC 83), held from 7 to 11 April 2025, marked a pivotal advancement in maritime environmental regulation. Key decisions were made to align international shipping with the 2023 IMO GHG Strategy, aiming for net-zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by or around 2050. The following are the major Outcomes from MEPC 83:

Approval of the IMO Net-Zero Framework (Mid-Term GHG Measures)

MEPC 83 approved draft amendments to MARPOL Annex VI, introducing a new Chapter 5 focused on mid-term GHG reduction measures. These include:

  • Global Fuel Standard (GFS): mandates a progressive reduction in the GHG intensity of marine fuels, measured on a well-to-wake basis.
  • Economic Measure: implements a pricing mechanism where ships exceeding GHG intensity thresholds must acquire remedial units, while those using zero or near-zero GHG technologies may earn surplus units.

These measures are slated for adoption at an extraordinary MEPC session in October 2025, with an expected entry into force on 1 March 2027.

Completion of Phase 1 Review of Short-Term GHG Measures

The committee finalized Phase 1 of the review of short-term GHG reduction measures, which include the Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI), Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP), and Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII). Notably, annual CII reduction factors were set for 2027–2030, culminating in a 21.5% reduction relative to the 2019 baseline by 2030.

Designation of New Emission Control Areas

MEPC 83 approved the designation of the North-East Atlantic Ocean as an Emission Control Area (ECA) for sulphur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter. The SOx control measures are expected to enter into force on 1 January 2028.

IMO (MEPC 83): Approval of Net-Zero Framework

The 83rd session of the International Maritime Organization's Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC 83), held from 7 to 11 April 2025, marked a pivotal advancement in maritime environmental regulation. Key decisions were made to align international shipping with the 2023 IMO GHG Strategy, aiming for net-zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by or around 2050. The following are the major Outcomes from MEPC 83:

Approval of the IMO Net-Zero Framework (Mid-Term GHG Measures)

MEPC 83 approved draft amendments to MARPOL Annex VI, introducing a new Chapter 5 focused on mid-term GHG reduction measures. These include:

  • Global Fuel Standard (GFS): mandates a progressive reduction in the GHG intensity of marine fuels, measured on a well-to-wake basis.
  • Economic Measure: implements a pricing mechanism where ships exceeding GHG intensity thresholds must acquire remedial units, while those using zero or near-zero GHG technologies may earn surplus units.

These measures are slated for adoption at an extraordinary MEPC session in October 2025, with an expected entry into force on 1 March 2027.

Completion of Phase 1 Review of Short-Term GHG Measures

The committee finalized Phase 1 of the review of short-term GHG reduction measures, which include the Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI), Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP), and Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII). Notably, annual CII reduction factors were set for 2027–2030, culminating in a 21.5% reduction relative to the 2019 baseline by 2030.

Designation of New Emission Control Areas

MEPC 83 approved the designation of the North-East Atlantic Ocean as an Emission Control Area (ECA) for sulphur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter. The SOx control measures are expected to enter into force on 1 January 2028.

(MEPC/ES.2), October 2025

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has agreed to adjourn the extraordinary session of the Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC), which was convened from 14 to 17 October 2025 to consider the adoption of draft amendments to MARPOL Annex VI, including the IMO Net-Zero Framework.

The extraordinary session will be reconvened in 12 months' time. In the interim, Member States will continue to work towards consensus on the IMO Net Zero Framework.

EU Emission Trading System (ETS) and Fuel EU.

The European Commission has recently published a set of legislative proposals to enable the EU to attain its 2030 target of reducing its greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55% by 2030 compared with 1990 levels. In particular, the EU Commission included shipping in the EU Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS), the EU carbon market, and imposed greenhouse gas intensity requirements on shipping fuels, through the Fuel EU Maritime.

  • The Emission Trading System (ETS), was extended to maritime transport. The ETS is applied from DIS' owned and bareboat fleet market value according to a primary broker, less Net Debt, excluding the impact of IFRS 16. It includes the market value of the leased assets for which DIS has a purchase obligation, less the discounted value of the financial payments on such leases.

2.Approval of the IMO Net-Zero Framework (Mid-Term GHG Measures)**

MEPC 83 approved draft amendments to MARPOL Annex VI, introducing a new Chapter 5 focused on mid-term GHG reduction measures. These include:

  • Global Fuel Standard (GFS): mandates a progressive reduction in the GHG intensity of marine fuels, measured on a well-to-wake basis.
  • Economic Measure: implements a pricing mechanism where ships exceeding GHG intensity thresholds must acquire remedial units, while those using zero or near-zero GHG technologies may earn surplus units.

These measures are slated for adoption at an extraordinary MEPC session in October 2025, with an expected entry into force on 1 March 2027.

Completion of Phase 1 Review of Short-Term GHG Measures

The committee finalized Phase 1 of the review of short-term GHG reduction measures, which include the Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI), Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP), and Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII). Notably, annual CII reduction factors were set for 2027–2030, culminating in a 21.5% reduction relative to the 2019 baseline by 2030.

Designation of New Emission Control Areas

MEPC 83 approved the designation of the North-East Atlantic Ocean as an Emission Control Area (ECA) for sulphur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter. The SOx control measures are expected to enter into force on 1 January 2028.

IMO (MEPC 83): Approval of Net-Zero Framework

The 83rd session of the International Maritime Organization's Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC 83), held from 7 to 11 April 2025, marked a pivotal advancement in maritime environmental regulation. Key decisions were made to align international shipping with the 2023 IMO GHG Strategy, aiming for net-zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by or around 2050. The following are the major Outcomes from MEPC 83:

Approval of the IMO Net-Zero Framework (Mid-Term GHG Measures)

MEPC 83 approved draft amendments to MARPOL Annex VI, introducing a new Chapter 5 focused on mid-term GHG reduction measures. These include:

  • Global Fuel Standard (GFS): mandates a progressive reduction in the GHG intensity of marine fuels, measured on a well-to-wake basis.
  • Economic Measure: implements a pricing mechanism where ships exceeding GHG intensity thresholds must acquire remedial units, while those using zero or near-zero GHG technologies may earn surplus units.

These measures are slated for adoption at an extraordinary MEPC session in October 2025, with an expected entry into force on 1 March 2027.

Completion of Phase 1 Review of Short-Term GHG Measures

The committee finalized Phase 1 of the review of short-term GHG reduction measures, which include the Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI), Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP), and Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII). Notably, annual CII reduction factors were set for 2027–2030, culminating in a 21.5% reduction relative to the 2019 baseline by 2030.

Designation of New Emission Control Areas

MEPC 83 approved the designation of the North-East Atlantic Ocean as an Emission Control Area (ECA) for sulphur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter. The SOx control measures are expected to enter into force on 1 January 2028.

(MEPC/ES.2), October 2025

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has agreed to adjourn the extraordinary session of the Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC), which was convened from 14 to 17 October 2025 to consider the adoption of draft amendments to MARPOL Annex VI, including the IMO Net-Zero Framework.

The extraordinary session will be reconvened in 12 months' time. In the interim, Member States will continue to work towards consensus on the IMO Net Zero Framework.

EU Emission Trading System (ETS) and Fuel EU.

The European Commission has recently published a set of legislative proposals to enable the EU to attain its 2030 target of reducing its greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55% by 2030 compared with 1990 levels. In particular, the EU Commission included shipping in the EU Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS), the EU carbon market, and imposed greenhouse gas intensity requirements on shipping fuels, through the Fuel EU Maritime.

  • The Emission Trading System (ETS), was extended to maritime transport. The ETS is applied from Fleet valued as at September 30, 2025.

.3 approved draft amendments to MARPOL Annex VI, introducing a new Chapter 5 focused on mid-term GHG reduction measures. These include:

  • Global Fuel Standard (GFS): mandates a progressive reduction in the GHG intensity of marine fuels, measured on a well-to-wake basis.
  • Economic Measure: implements a pricing mechanism where ships exceeding GHG intensity thresholds must acquire remedial units, while those using zero or near-zero GHG technologies may earn surplus units.

These measures are slated for adoption at an extraordinary MEPC session in October 2025, with an expected entry into force on 1 March 2027.

Completion of Phase 1 Review of Short-Term GHG Measures

The committee finalized Phase 1 of the review of short-term GHG reduction measures, which include the Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI), Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP), and Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII). Notably, annual CII reduction factors were set for 2027–2030, culminating in a 21.5% reduction relative to the 2019 baseline by 2030.

Designation of New Emission Control Areas

MEPC 83 approved the designation of the North-East Atlantic Ocean as an Emission Control Area (ECA) for sulphur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter. The SOx control measures are expected to enter into force on 1 January 2028.

IMO (MEPC 83): Approval of Net-Zero Framework

The 83rd session of the International Maritime Organization's Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC 83), held from 7 to 11 April 2025, marked a pivotal advancement in maritime environmental regulation. Key decisions were made to align international shipping with the 2023 IMO GHG Strategy, aiming for net-zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by or around 2050. The following are the major Outcomes from MEPC 83:

Approval of the IMO Net-Zero Framework (Mid-Term GHG Measures)

MEPC 83 approved draft amendments to MARPOL Annex VI, introducing a new Chapter 5 focused on mid-term GHG reduction measures. These include:

  • Global Fuel Standard (GFS): mandates a progressive reduction in the GHG intensity of marine fuels, measured on a well-to-wake basis.
  • Economic Measure: implements a pricing mechanism where ships exceeding GHG intensity thresholds must acquire remedial units, while those using zero or near-zero GHG technologies may earn surplus units.

These measures are slated for adoption at an extraordinary MEPC session in October 2025, with an expected entry into force on 1 March 2027.

Completion of Phase 1 Review of Short-Term GHG Measures

The committee finalized Phase 1 of the review of short-term GHG reduction measures, which include the Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI), Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP), and Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII). Notably, annual CII reduction factors were set for 2027–2030, culminating in a 21.5% reduction relative to the 2019 baseline by 2030.

Designation of New Emission Control Areas

MEPC 83 approved the designation of the North-East Atlantic Ocean as an Emission Control Area (ECA) for sulphur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter. The SOx control measures are expected to enter into force on 1 January 2028.

(MEPC/ES.2), October 2025

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has agreed to adjourn the extraordinary session of the Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC), which was convened from 14 to 17 October 2025 to consider the adoption of draft amendments to MARPOL Annex VI, including the IMO Net-Zero Framework.

The extraordinary session will be reconvened in 12 months' time. In the interim, Member States will continue to work towards consensus on the IMO Net Zero Framework.

EU Emission Trading System (ETS) and Fuel EU.

The European Commission has recently published a set of legislative proposals to enable the EU to attain its 2030 target of reducing its greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55% by 2030 compared with 1990 levels. In particular, the EU Commission included shipping in the EU Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS), the EU carbon market, and imposed greenhouse gas intensity requirements on shipping fuels, through the Fuel EU Maritime.

  • The Emission Trading System (ETS), was extended to maritime transport. The ETS is applied from To achieve a more accurate view of DIS' NAV, the Company's Net Working Capital and the positive delta between the estimated market value of DIS' TC-IN vessels (for which there are exercisable purchase options) and their respective theoretical purchase option prices were added to the calculation.

Potential use of funds (excluding cash returned to shareholders).

Potential use of funds for investments and lease reimbursements

  • DIS plans lease reimbursements of US\$ 31.5 million in FY'26, arising from the exercise of purchase options on its bareboat-chartered-in vessels.
  • Furthermore, considering DIS' robust financial position and its strategic objective of managing a modern fleet while maintaining its current fleet size at a consistent level, in Q2'24 DIS ordered 4 newbuilding LR1s with estimated delivery in FY'27. The total residual investment for these newbuildings from FY'25-'27, including extras, first supply, scrubbers on all vessels, and supervision fees, should amount to US\$ 190.7 million.

DIS has a total potential use of funds of US\$ 222.2 million between the end of Q3 '25 and the end of FY'27, for investments on newbuildings and lease reimbursements.

Increasing shareholder returns.

Cash returned to shareholders

Financial Leverage (NFP to FMV)

Thanks to robust earnings and a very healthy financial structure (with a Net Financial Position to Fleet Market Value ratio of 7.4% as at the end of September'25), DIS has been steadily increasing returns to its shareholders. The pay-out ratio for FY'24 was of 40% of its FY'24 Net Result, through a combination of share buybacks and dividends.

DIS' fleet. Focus on enhanced technical efficiency.

Ships Propeller
boss cap
fins
Duct Fins Rudder
with Bulb
and fins
Preswirl
vane
Wake
Equal.
Duct
Led Eco
nozzles
EPL (Engine
Power Limit)
OPS (Onshore
power
supply)
Speed/
power
control
Prop.
silicon
paint
Propeller
ultrasonic
system
Low
friction
paint
Glenda Melody
Glenda Meryl
Glenda Melissa
High Tide
High Seas
Cielo di Gaeta
Cielo di New York
High Freedom
High Discovery
High Voyager
High Loyalty
High Fidelity
High Trust
High Trader
High Challenge
High Wind
Cielo di Salerno
Cielo di Hanoi
Cielo di Capri
Cielo di Ulsan
High Explorer
High Adventurer
Cielo Bianco
Cielo Rosso
Cielo di Rotterdam
Cielo di Houston
Cielo di Cagliari
Cielo di Londra
NB 1
NB 2
NB 3
NB 4
High Leader
High Navigator
High Mariner
High Transporter
  • DIS aims to increase the technical efficiency of its vessels through the adoption of several innovative solutions.
  • The measures include the installation of propeller boss cap fins, ducts, fins, preswirl vane, led, eco nozzles, engine power limitations, onshore power supply, wake equalizing ducts, rudders with bulb and fins, speed/power control, propeller silicon paint, low friction paint, and propeller ultrasonic systems.
  • These technologies have already been implemented across several ships in the fleet.

Adoption of innovative technical solutions to drive increase in vessel efficiency.

DIS' fleet. Operational efficiency improvements.

Ships Cutting of
Users
Tekomar
Health check
for C02 reduction
CBM (Condition
based maintenance)
Prop. cleaning Biofouling
Risk management
Hull full blasting
age above 10Y
Glenda Melody
Glenda Meryl
Glenda Melissa
High Tide
High Seas
Cielo di Gaeta
Cielo di New York
High Freedom
High Discovery
High Voyager
High Loyalty
High Fidelity
High Trust
High Trader
High Challenge
High Wind
Cielo di Salerno
Cielo di Hanoi
Cielo di Capri
Cielo di Ulsan
High Explorer
High Adventurer
Cielo Bianco
Cielo Rosso
Cielo di Rotterdam
Cielo di Houston
Cielo di Cagliari
Cielo di Londra
NB 1
NB 2
NB 3
NB 4
High Leader
High Navigator
High Mariner
High Transporter
  • On the operational side, DIS' Fleet has adopted measures such as cutting of users, Tekomar health check for CO2 reduction, condition based maintenance (CBM), propeller cleaning, biofouling risk management, and hull full blasting for ships older than 10 years.
  • These operational efficiency measures have already been implemented across various ships in the fleet.

Planned operational improvements will also contribute to a lower environmental impact and stronger performance of DIS' fleet.

Why invest in DIS today.

  • Young-fleet, most of which acquired at historically attractive prices and at top-tier yards. Furthermore, vessels are mostly eco-design (87% of the fleet) and IMO classed (80.6% of the fleet).
  • First-class in-house technical management provides to DIS access to long-term charters with demanding oil majors and allows it to anticipate and benefit from regulatory changes.
  • Invested mostly in the MR1 and MR2, and more recently in the LR1, segments these vessels are the workhorses of the industry, since they are the most flexible commercially, with the MRs also the most liquid on the S&P market.
  • Good contract coverage to increase earnings visibility.
  • **International reach with chartering offices in 4 819,905 | 802,442 |
    | Inventories | 14,523 | 14,880 |
    | Receivables and other current assets | 29,044 | 49,648 |
    | Other current financial assets | 2,055 | 3,030 |
    | Cash and cash equivalents | 148,860 | 164,892 |
    | Current assets | 194,482 | 232,450 |
    | Assets held-for-sale | 17,992 | 19,676 |
    | Total current assets | 212,474 | 252,126 |
    | TOTAL ASSETS | 1,032,379 | 1,054,568 |

| US\$
countries and 3 | 802,442 |
| Inventories | 14,523 | 14,880 |
| Receivables and other current assets | 29,044 | 49,648 |
| Other current financial assets | 2,055 | 3,030 |
| Cash and cash equivalents | 148,860 | 164,892 |
| Current assets | 194,482 | 232,450 |
| Assets held-for-sale | 17,992 | 19,676 |
| Total current assets | 212,474 | 252,126 |
| TOTAL ASSETS | 1,032,379 | 1,054,568 |

| US\$
continents (New York, London, Singapore, and Dublin), allowing DIS to maintain close relationships with clients and brokers, increasing employment opportunities for vessels.
-
Strong relationships with debt capital providers, including with the top European shipping banks and important Japanese banks and leasing investors.
-
Attractive valuation of DIS in absolute terms – NAV discount of 40% as at the end of September 2025 |
| Other current financial assets | 2,055 | 3,030 |
| Cash and cash equivalents | 148,860 | 164,892 |
| Current assets | 194,482 | 232,450 |
| Assets held-for-sale | 17,992 | 19,676 |
| Total current assets | 212,474 | 252,126 |
| TOTAL ASSETS | 1,032,379 | 1,054,568 |

| US\$
– and relative to peers.
-
Strong market fundamentals** driven by several factors, including an aging tanker fleet, a |
| Cash and cash equivalents | 148,860 | 164,892 |
| Current assets | 194,482 | 232,450 |
| Assets held-for-sale | 17,992 | 19,676 |
| Total current assets | 212,474 | 252,126 |
| TOTAL ASSETS | 1,032,379 | 1,054,568 |

| US\$
changing refining landscape, and many trade disruptions which have increased average sailing distances and reduced fleet productivity.

DIS' PURPOSE and VALUES.

Long-term vision, Family tradition and Innovation

Inspired by the values of our family, we build our business with a long-term view, focusing on innovative solutions and adequate risk management.

Business Ethics

Our sustainable business model pursues the goal of creating value and generating a positive impact on the communities we work with. Integrity, transparency and an open dialogue are the foundations of our relations with stakeholders.

Strong commitment to Sustainability

Respect for the environment is a priority. Safeguarding the planet and a strong focus on future generations guide our investment choices, without compromises. At all times, we take care of our seas and promote a sustainable lifestyle for our people.

People Care

We believe in the value of diversity and promote a multi-cultural, inclusive and motivating work environment where our people are part of a unique team. We offer our people an 'employee experience' that allows them to develop their skills, and to nurture their talent for their professional and personal fulfilment, while taking care of their well-being.

Our purpose is connecting the world by sea, our responsibility is to create economic and social value, respecting the environment and guaranteeing reliable and transparent relationships for our stakeholders

DIS' ESG. Key figures

ENVIRONMENTAL
VALUE
2024
year-end)1
Compliant
ships
(as
EEXI
at
100
0%
CII 6
31
year-end)2
classed
fleet
(as
IMO
%
at
81
8%
age (years)
Fleet
9
2
Fleet
certified
for
the
use of
Biofuel
blends
(%)
(as
year-end)
B30
up to
at
100%
Fleet
with
installed
ballast
(%)
(owned
(as
year-end)
water
treatment
system
at
100%
(tCO2/
per nautical
mile
Nautical
Mile)
CO2
emissions
0
3163
per nautical
mile
SOx
emissions
0
00087
per nautical
mile
NOx
emissions
0
00576
(market
based)
Scope
1&2
GHG
emission
intensity
0
0023
Accident
and
spills
-
Number
of
casualties
marine
-
SOCIAL
VALUE
2024
(as
year-end)
Onshore
personnel
at
26
personnel
(as
year-end)
Seagoing
at
657
(overall
year)
Seagoing
personnel
during
the
1
380
,
Seafarers
under
years old
(%)
30
28
60%
managers (%)
between
managers and
Women
top
30
80%
(onshore
personnel)
(%)
Retention
rate
100%
(seagoing
personnel)
(%)
Retention
rate
88%
hours
of
for
personnel
Average
training
seagoing
22
5
(US\$)
for
onshore
and
personnel
on training
seagoing
Expenses
US\$
335
000
,
Work-related
injuries
-
GOVERNANCE 2024
of
corruption
bribery
or anti-competitive
behavior
Cases
,
-
for
which
fines
were incurred
Instances
-
Calls
that
have
the
lowest
rankings
Index
in
countries
20
in
Corruption
Perception
at
ports
-

certified

DIS' ESG. Environment and Safety

DIS seeks to be an industry leader on environmental and safety issues:

  • Among the first fleets worldwide compliant with Monitoring Reporting and Verification criteria for CO2 emissions.
  • Since 2011 DIS has a fleet performance monitoring department to optimize vessel efficiency.
  • Health and safety goal reached on board: 0 injuries in 2023.
  • Environmental goal reached: 0 accidents and spills in 2023.
  • Digitalization of onboard record books.
  • Implementation of condition based maintenance, enabling it to achieve the highest level required by the TMSA 3.
  • Environmental certification ISO 14001.
  • Energy efficiency certification ISO 50001.
  • Occupational Health and Safety certification ISO 45001.
  • Quality certification ISO 9001.

  • First in Italy to obtain the prestigious RINA Best 4 Plus: compliance certification for main maritime standards in force.
  • Selection of suppliers according to quality and environmental certifications.
  • Approved by the main oil-majors for long-term period contracts, of up to 5 years.
  • Participation with leading roles in international organizations, such as INTERTANKO.
  • US\$ 755m invested between 2012 and 2019 in 22 newbuilding Eco product tanker vessels (10 MRs, 6 Handys, 6 LR1s) all delivered between Q1'14 and Q4'19. US\$ 235.4m shipbuilding contract signed in Q2'24, for the purchase of 4 LR1s for a total investment of approximately US\$ 235.4m.
  • 83% of DIS' owned and bareboat fleet is 'ECO' (industry average: 37%), as at December 31, 2024.

DIS' ESG. Environmental KPIs

EEDI compliance (owned and bareboat) – at year-end Pre-EEDI Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3
EEDI compliant ships (%) 16.7% 0.0% 66.7% 16.7%
EEXI compliance (owned and bareboat) - at year-end 2024
EEXI compliant ships (%) 100.0%
Fleet certified for the use of Biofuel blends up to B30 (%) 100.0%
Fleet with installed water ballast treatment system at year-end (%) 100.0%
CO2 Emissions (owned and bareboat) 2024
CO2 Emission Scope 1 [tCO2] 524.957
CO2 per nautical mile [tCO2/ Nautical Mile] 0.3163
CO2 per transport unit [tCO2/tons] 0.0358
Scope 1 emission (owned and bareboat) 2024
Carbon dioxide [tCO2] 344,072.0
Nitrous oxide [tN2O] 5,295.0
Methane [tCH4] 219.0
Total Scope 1 emissions from the fleet (owned and TC-IN employed via spot contracts) 349,586.0
Scope 1 emissions from F-gas consumption 5,413.0
Total Scope 1 emissions from offices 11.5
Total Scope 1 GHG emissions 355,010.5
Nitrous oxide [tN2O] 5,295.0
Methane [tCH4] 219.0
Total Scope 1 emissions from the fleet (owned and TC-IN employed via spot contracts) 349,586.0
Scope 1 emissions from F-gas consumption 5,413.0
Total Scope 1 emissions from offices 11.5
Total Scope 1 GHG emissions 355,010.5
SOx emissions (owned and bareboat) 2021
SOx Emission Scope 1 [tSOx] 1.442
SOx per nautical mile [tSOx/ Nautical Mile] 0.00087
SOx per transport unit [tSOx/tons] 0.00010
NOx emissions (owned and bareboat) 2024
NOx emissions (owned and bareboat) NOx Emission Scope 1 [tNOx] 2024
9.560
,
NOx Emission Scope 1 [tNOx] 9.560
Scope 2 emission ([tCO2e]) 2024
Market-based method 24.85
Of which linked to purchased electricity bundled with instruments (C 11%
Location-based method 18.18

DIS' fleet modernisation and constant focus on efficient fuel management has led to a significant improvement in CO2 emissions in 2022 and 2023.

certified

DIS' ESG. Corporate Governance

DIS is listed on the most demanding segment of the Milan stock exchange (the Star), and has therefore adopted a first-class corporate governance framework:

  • Incorporated in Luxembourg, it is organized and governed in compliance with Luxembourg laws
  • Listed on the STAR segment of the Italian Stock Exchange (Euronext Milan) since 2007 and compliant with the principles and recommendations of the Borsa Italiana Corporate Governance Code
  • DIS' high corporate governance standards include:
  • Internal committees entirely composed by independent directors with a major influence on the Board of Directors' decisions.
  • Constantly updated Code of Ethics and Organizational and Control Model;
  • Regulation of important and significant transactions and of transactions with related parties
  • Regulation of the Board of Directors
  • Regulation of Shareholders' meetings
  • Nomination and Remuneration Committee regulation
  • Control and Risk Committee regulation
  • Supervisory Committee regulation
  • Internal Dealing Code
  • Internal regulation governing inside information and the set-up of a list of persons who have access to insider information

  • General Remuneration Policy

  • Internal Control Guidelines
  • Internal Auditor Mandate
  • Organizational Management and Control Model pursuant to Decree 231
  • Code of Ethics
  • Privacy regulation
  • Diversity policy
  • Assignment of Powers and Delegations Regulation
  • Whistleblowing policy and respective procedure
  • Sanctions Policy.
  • Long-term incentive based remuneration scheme;

DIS' ESG. Social responsibility

DIS seeks a diverse and inclusive work environment, where teamwork is highly valued. The high levels of employee satisfaction result in high retention rates.

  • 26 onshore personnel as at 31 December 2024;
  • 657 seagoing personnel as at 31 December 2024;
  • 100% retention rate for onshore personnel in 2024;
  • 88% retention rate for seagoing personnel in 2024;
  • 28.6% Seafarers under 30 years old;
  • 30.8% Women between managers and top managers;
  • 22.5 Average hours of training for seagoing personnel;
  • US\$ 335,000 Expense on training for onshore and seagoing personnel.

DIS' Sustainability Topics

Vessel energy efficiency

Sustainable Development Goals

Integrated

for ongoing improvement Sustainable Development Goals

DIS' Sustainability Topics

Sustainable Development Goals

Ship recycling

Innovation: Fleet efficiency and safety

Occupational health and safety

management system

Stakeholder engagement

High quality of services

People care

Waste reduction and material recycling

Business ethics

Value generated and distributed

Multicultural approach

Protection of marine biodiversity

Personnel training and development

Atmospheric emissions and climate change

Sustainable supply chain

Promoting public attention towards social, cultural and environmental topics

Consumption of water and energy in offices

Our approach to sustainability starts with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. By aligning with these goals DIS has joined the movement towards a more peaceful and prosperous planet.

DIS'
Sustainability Topics
Sustainable
Development
Goals
Activity
performed by DIS
Vessel energy efficiency Renewal of the fleet with "Eco"
vessels, in line with
IMO
directives, thanks to the

implementation of
innovative technologies.
Innovation:
Fleet
efficiency and safety

Projects aimed at improving vessel performance from an environmental viewpoint and
in terms of onboard
safety and efficiency.
High quality of services Highest attention to the service offered, through
qualified and updated staff,

appropriate equipment,
on-board inspections, process control and effective
internal
communications;

Customer engagement
through: direct
communications, complaints
and reports,
internal
ship
reports and feedback on
service quality.
Business ethics Compliance with laws and regulations;

Honesty, fairness and transparency in
everyday actions,
avoiding situations of
conflict of

interest and unfairness
towards
competitors;
Respect for personal data and confidential information;

Respect for the dignity of individuals;


Respect for the environment and the community.
Protection of marine
biodiversity

Minimum impact of activities on
environmental
integrity at all times and in all places;

Ongoing prevention of every possible form of
pollution, with a zero pollution goal.
Atmospheric
emissions
and climate change

Activities to raise awareness on climate
change issues
in personnel and the community;
Implementation of activities seeking to
reduce damages
to individuals caused by
water

and air pollution.

DIS'
Sustainability Topics
Sustainable
Development
Goals
Activity
performed by DIS
Integrated management
system for ongoing
improvement
Transparent statement of policies governing
operations on board managed ships -
in

order to
ensure safety and
efficiency -
and of the methods to
respond to unscheduled
events;
Identification of a basic reference for all the
management documents needed for

checking the
Group's daily activities.
Occupational health and
safety
Protecting the health and well-being of employees by
reducing occupational risks

from exposure to hazards;

Preventing hazardous actions, injuries, illnesses,
accidents to personnel, material and
environmental
damage;
Improving the safety of all employees by developing
first of all an internal culture of

safety.
People care
Application of adequate remuneration and economic
benefits for personnel, also to
ensure adequate social
protection.
Personnel training and
development

Adequate training for all personnel, allowing them to
carry out their job better and
increase their skills and
abilities, without distinction of sex or ethnicity.
Sustainable
supply chain
Accurate supplier assessment and selection, also
based on energy performance and

including possible
performance of inspections and controls;

Collection of full and clear details on purchase orders
and on responsibilities.

DIS'
Sustainability Topics
Sustainable
Development
Goals
Activity
performed by DIS
Ship recycling Preparation of hazardous material inventories on all
new buildings and on the existing

fleet.
Stakeholder engagement
Stakeholder mapping and detection of needs and
expectations of each category and of
related actions.
Waste reduction and
material recycling
Plastic-free project in the Group's offices;

Separate waste collection in all d'Amico offices.
Multicultural
approach
Cultural integration in DIS' offices and onboard
all ships.
Promoting public
attention towards social,
cultural and
environmental topics
Training activities in support of solidarity initiatives and
cultural initiatives.
Consumption of water
and energy in
offices
Reducing travel between offices and increasing use of
video conference and
conference

call systems.

IMO (MEPC 76): CII and EEXI

In June 2021, IMO's Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC 76) adopted amendments to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) Annex VI that will require ships to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. These amendments combine technical and operational approaches to improve the energy efficiency of ships and are in line with the ambition of the Initial IMO GHG Strategy, which aims to reduce carbon intensity of international shipping by 40% by 2030, compared to 2008.

The new measures will require all ships to calculate their Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI) following technical means to improve their energy efficiency and to establish their annual operational carbon intensity indicator (CII) and CII rating. Carbon intensity links the GHG emissions to the vessel deadweight over distance travelled. These amendments entered into force on 1 November 2022, with the requirements for EEXI and CII certification coming into effect from 1 January 2023. A review clause requires the IMO to review the effectiveness of the implementation of the CII and EEXI requirements, by Jan 1 '26 at the latest, and, if necessary, develop and adopt further amendments.

  • Attained Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI) indicates the energy efficiency of the ship compared to a baseline. Ships are required to meet a specific required EEXI, which is based on a required reduction factor (expressed as a percentage relative to the EEDI baseline). EEXI will be applicable from the first annual, intermediate or renewal IAPP survey after Jan 1 '23. Ships which do not have (PRE-EEDI) or have an insufficient attained EEDI to respect the new limits (20% compared with the baseline), will have to derate engines or improve their efficiency.
  • Annual operational carbon intensity indicator (CII) and CII rating. The CII determines the annual reduction factor needed to ensure continuous improvement of the ship's operational carbon intensity within a specific rating level. The actual annual operational CII achieved would be required to be documented and verified against the required annual operational CII. The rating would be given on a scale - operational carbon intensity rating A, B, C, D or E - indicating a major superior, minor superior, moderate, minor inferior, or inferior performance level. The performance level would be recorded in the Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP). A ship rated D for three consecutive years or a ship rated E for one year, would have to submit a corrective action plan, to show how the required index (C or above) would be achieved. To reduce CII of international shipping by 40% by 2030, compared to 2008, the IMO has set the following reduction path for the entire world fleet up to 2026: 5% by 2023, 7% by 2024, 9% by 2025 and 11% by 2026.

IMO (MEPC 80): Net zero by 2050

In July 2023, IMO's Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC 80) has set more ambitious targets compared with the Initial IMO Strategy on Reduction of GHG Emissions from Ships. The new targets consider the Well-to-Wake (WtW) GHG emissions of marine fuels, as addressed in the Guidelines on lifecycle GHG intensity of marine fuels (LCA Guidelines) with the overall objective of reducing GHG emissions of international shipping without a shift to other sectors. Targets of the 2023 IMO GHG Strategy are as follows:

    1. Carbon intensity of the ship to decline through further improvement of the energy efficiency for new ships;
    1. To reduce CO2 emissions per transport work, as an average across international shipping, by at least 40% by 2030, compared with 2008;
    1. Uptake of zero or near-zero GHG emission technologies, fuels and/or energy sources to increase uptake of zero or nearzero GHG emission technologies, fuels and/or energy sources to represent at least 5%, striving for 10%, of the energy used by international shipping by 2030;
    1. To peak GHG emissions from international shipping as soon as possible and to reach net-zero GHG emissions by or around, i.e., close to, 2050, considering different national circumstances whilst pursuing efforts towards phasing them out as called for in the Vision consistent with the long-term temperature goal set out in Article 2 of the Paris Agreement.
    1. In addition, the Committee established two indicative checkpoints to reach net-zero GHG emissions from international shipping:
  • To reduce the total annual GHG emissions from international shipping by at least 20%, striving for 30% in 2030, compared with 2008;
  • To reduce the total annual GHG emissions from international shipping by at least 70%, striving for 80% by 2040, compared with 2008
    1. The Committee agreed on the following timelines for the candidate measures set out in the 2023 IMO GHG Strategy:
  • The review of the short-term mandatory goal-based technical and operational measures shall be completed by 1 January 2026.
  • The basket of mid-term GHG reduction measures shall be finalized and agreed by the Committee by 2025.

Other candidate mid-term GHG reduction measures could be finalized and agreed between 2023 and 2030.

Long-term measures could be finalized and agreed by the Committee beyond 2030, to be developed as part of the 2028 review of the IMO GHG Strategy.

IMO (MEPC 83): Approval of Net-Zero Framework

The 83rd session of the International Maritime Organization's Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC 83), held from 7 to 11 April 2025, marked a pivotal advancement in maritime environmental regulation. Key decisions were made to align international shipping with the 2023 IMO GHG Strategy, aiming for net-zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by or around 2050. The following are the major Outcomes from MEPC 83:

Approval of the IMO Net-Zero Framework (Mid-Term GHG Measures)

MEPC 83 approved draft amendments to MARPOL Annex VI, introducing a new Chapter 5 focused on mid-term GHG reduction measures. These include:

  • Global Fuel Standard (GFS): mandates a progressive reduction in the GHG intensity of marine fuels, measured on a well-to-wake basis.
  • Economic Measure: implements a pricing mechanism where ships exceeding GHG intensity thresholds must acquire remedial units, while those using zero or near-zero GHG technologies may earn surplus units.

These measures are slated for adoption at an extraordinary MEPC session in October 2025, with an expected entry into force on 1 March 2027.

Completion of Phase 1 Review of Short-Term GHG Measures

The committee finalized Phase 1 of the review of short-term GHG reduction measures, which include the Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI), Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP), and Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII). Notably, annual CII reduction factors were set for 2027–2030, culminating in a 21.5% reduction relative to the 2019 baseline by 2030.

Designation of New Emission Control Areas

MEPC 83 approved the designation of the North-East Atlantic Ocean as an Emission Control Area (ECA) for sulphur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter. The SOx control measures are expected to enter into force on 1 January 2028.

IMO (MEPC 83): Approval of Net-Zero Framework

The 83rd session of the International Maritime Organization's Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC 83), held from 7 to 11 April 2025, marked a pivotal advancement in maritime environmental regulation. Key decisions were made to align international shipping with the 2023 IMO GHG Strategy, aiming for net-zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by or around 2050. The following are the major Outcomes from MEPC 83:

Approval of the IMO Net-Zero Framework (Mid-Term GHG Measures)

MEPC 83 approved draft amendments to MARPOL Annex VI, introducing a new Chapter 5 focused on mid-term GHG reduction measures. These include:

  • Global Fuel Standard (GFS): mandates a progressive reduction in the GHG intensity of marine fuels, measured on a well-to-wake basis.
  • Economic Measure: implements a pricing mechanism where ships exceeding GHG intensity thresholds must acquire remedial units, while those using zero or near-zero GHG technologies may earn surplus units.

These measures are slated for adoption at an extraordinary MEPC session in October 2025, with an expected entry into force on 1 March 2027.

Completion of Phase 1 Review of Short-Term GHG Measures

The committee finalized Phase 1 of the review of short-term GHG reduction measures, which include the Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI), Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP), and Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII). Notably, annual CII reduction factors were set for 2027–2030, culminating in a 21.5% reduction relative to the 2019 baseline by 2030.

Designation of New Emission Control Areas

MEPC 83 approved the designation of the North-East Atlantic Ocean as an Emission Control Area (ECA) for sulphur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter. The SOx control measures are expected to enter into force on 1 January 2028.

(MEPC/ES.2), October 2025

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has agreed to adjourn the extraordinary session of the Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC), which was convened from 14 to 17 October 2025 to consider the adoption of draft amendments to MARPOL Annex VI, including the IMO Net-Zero Framework.

The extraordinary session will be reconvened in 12 months' time. In the interim, Member States will continue to work towards consensus on the IMO Net Zero Framework.

EU Emission Trading System (ETS) and Fuel EU.

The European Commission has recently published a set of legislative proposals to enable the EU to attain its 2030 target of reducing its greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55% by 2030 compared with 1990 levels. In particular, the EU Commission included shipping in the EU Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS), the EU carbon market, and imposed greenhouse gas intensity requirements on shipping fuels, through the Fuel EU Maritime.

  • The Emission Trading System (ETS), was extended to maritime transport. The ETS is applied from 2024 to all vessels over 5,000 gross tonnes regardless of flag and to all voyages between ports in the European Economic Area (EEA) and which either commence or terminate in a EEA port. For voyages between EEA ports 100% of emissions are considered, whilst for voyages only commencing or terminating in an EEA port 50% of emissions are accounted for. According to the latest agreement reached in December 2023 by the European institutions (Parliament, Council, Commission), shipowners will have to buy emissions allowances for 40% of their emissions reported and verified in 2024, 70% of emissions reported and verified in 2025, and 100% of emissions reported and verified in 2026. According to the latest agreement, the directive will cover not only CO2 from 1 January 2024 but also Methane (CH4) and Nitrous oxide (N2O) from 1 January 2026. The regulations require the shipowner or the entity managing the vessel on behalf of the shipowner to be liable. It also states that any polluter pays, therefore the shipowner could pass the cost to the charterer who is responsible for deciding route, fuel and consumption through a contractual agreement between the parties. The monitoring tool will be the EU MRV (Monitoring, Reporting and Verification), which will have to be partially modified, but for which DIS' fleet is already compliant since 2017.
  • Fuel EU will come into effect in 2025, with the goal of improving the GHG intensity of the marine fuels, promoting the use of natural, biofuel or low-carbon/emission fuels. The requirements will consider the GHG emissions a fuel generates throughout its lifecycle, from its production to its final consumption by the ship, not just its use by the ship. A baseline will be established, with an improvement relative to that baseline of 2% in 2025, which grow gradually every 5 years to reach 80 % in 2050. The proposal also allows owners of different ships to pool vessels together to help each other with compliance (if one ship is over-compliant with the requirements of the previous year, while another is not, the first can transfer its excess credits to the second). Companies that are not compliant with the rules by May 1 of the following year will have to pay a penalty and the money would go into a green fuel fund.

DIS' Shareholdings Structure.

Key Information on DIS' shares

1. d'Amico International SA 60
66%
2. Others 35
20%
3. d'Amico International Shipping SA 4
14%
100
00%
Listing market Borsa
Italiana, STAR
No. of shares issued 124,106,556
Market capitalisation1 €535.4 million
Shares repurchased / % of shares issued 5,138,533/4.14%

d'Amico Group Structure.

DIS' estimated sensitivity to interest rates1 .

(US\$
million)
FY'25 FY'26 FY'27
Estimated average bank debt (203.4) (175.6) (206.6)
Estimated average hedged bank debt 59.6 24.1 -
Estimated average unhedged bank debt (143.9) (151.5) (206.6)
Assumed average cash & equivalents 100.0 100.0 100.0
Estimated average unhedged bank debt net of assumed cash (43.9) (51.5) (106.6)
% of bank debt hedged 29% 14% -
% of bank debt hedged net of assumed cash 78% 71% 48%
Average all-in interest rate on hedged bank debt 3.19% 3.55% -
Average spread on SOFR on unhedged bank debt 1.93% 1.91% 1.91%
  • Assuming only a refinancing of balloons and no prepayments of existing facilities, DIS is expected to have an average bank debt of US\$ 203.4m in FY'25, US\$ 175.6m in FY'26, and US\$ 206.6m in FY'27.
  • DIS has already hedged the following percentages of its bank debt through interest rate swap agreements: 29% in FY'25 and 14% in FY'26.
  • Therefore, DIS has a sensitivity for every +/- 1% change in the USD interest rate of: US\$ 0.4m in FY'25, US\$ 1.5m in FY'26 and US\$ 2.1m in FY'27.
  • However, taking into consideration an assumed average cash balance of US\$ 100m, DIS percentage of hedged bank debt rises to 78% in FY'25, 71% in FY'26 and 48% in FY'27.
  • Therefore, including the above cash assumption, DIS has a net sensitivity for every +/- 1% change in the USD interest rate of: US\$ 0.1m in FY'25, US\$ 0.5m in FY'26, and US\$ 1.1m in FY'27.

DIS has a significant percentage of its bank debt hedged and a limited interest rate sensitivity.

Financial results. Consolidated Income Statement

Q3 2025 Q3 2024 US\$ thousand 9 MONTHS
2025
9 MONTHS
2024
87,694 115,671 Revenue 264,122 384,936
(20,928) (31,732) Voyage costs (67,547) (90,456)
66,766 83,939 Time charter equivalent earnings* 196,575 294,480
1,229 1,228 Bareboat charter revenue 3,645 3,658
67,995 85,167 Total net revenue 200,220 298,138
(22,459) (22,116) Other direct operating costs (67,723) (67,486)
(6,114) (5,082) General and administrative costs (19,161) (16,150)
(264) (271) Result on disposal of fixed assets (798) 4,322
39,158 57,698 EBITDA* 112,538 218,824
(12,463) (14,381) Depreciation and impairment (41,477) (44,538)
26,695 43,317 EBIT* 71,061 174,286
1,690 2,366 Finance income 4,506 5,866
(3,726) (4,998) Finance charges (11,671) (15,785)
24,659 40,685 Profit before tax 63,896 164,367
(368) (484) Income tax expense (1,095) (1,283)
24,291 40,201 Profit for the period 62,801 163,084
0.204 0.334 Basic and diluted earnings
per share in US\$
0.528 1.352

Financial results. Consolidated Balance Sheet

US\$ thousand As at
30 September 2025
As at
31 December 2024
ASSETS
Property, plant and equipment and Right-of-use assets 819,792 801,767
Other non-current financial assets 113 675
Total non-current assets 819,905 802,442
Inventories 14,523 14,880
Receivables and other current assets 29,044 49,648
Other current financial assets 2,055 3,030
Cash and cash equivalents 148,860 164,892
Current assets 194,482 232,450
Assets held-for-sale 17,992 19,676
Total current assets 212,474 252,126
TOTAL ASSETS 1,032,379 1,054,568
US\$
thousand
As at
30 September 2025
As at
31 December 2024
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
Share capital 62,053 62,053
Retained earnings 399,387 371,922
Share Premium 326,658 326,658
Other reserves (26,644) (27,342)
Total shareholders' equity 761,454 733,291
Banks and other lenders 168,082 190,429
Non-current lease liabilities 31,978 33,535
Other non-current financial liabilities 3,270 3,578
Total non-current liabilities 203,330 227,542
Banks and other lenders 24,460 26,231
Current lease liabilities 3,707 32,772
Payables and other current liabilities 37,309 31,258
Other current financial liabilities 1,915 3,083
Current tax payable 204 391
Total current liabilities 67,595 93,735
TOTAL SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 1,032,379 1,054,568

Financial results. Consolidated Cash Flow Statement

Q3 2025 Q3 2024 US\$ thousand 9 MONTHS
2025
9 MONTHS
2024
Q3 2025 Q3 2024 US\$ Thousand 9 MONTHS
2025
9 MONTHS
2024
24,291 40,201 Profit for the period 62,801 163,084 (890) (31,893) Acquisition of property, plant and equipment (74,745) (83,161)
12,463 14,381 Depreciation and impairment 41,477 44,538 17,900 (273) Proceeds from disposal of fixed assets 17,900 26,653
368 484 Income tax expense 1,095 1,283 17,010 (32,166) Net cash flow from investing activities (56,845) (56,508)
874 1,080 Lease cost 2,678 3,547 - (5,771) Purchase of treasury shares (683) (6,492)
1,163 1,553 Other financial charges (income) 4,488 6,372 - - Dividends paid (34,949) (30,007)
264 271 Result on disposal of fixed assets 798 (4,322) (11,195) (18,242) Bank loan repayments (24,586) (69,193)
(59) 233 Other non-cash changes 117 158 - 34,275 Bank loans drawdowns - 66,275
241 147 Share-based allotment accruals LTI Plan 538 451 (27,053) (4,525) Repayments of principal portion of lease (31,208) (14,991)
39,605 58,350 Cash flow from operating activities before
changes in working capital
113,992 215,111 (38,248) 5,737 liability
Net cash flow from financing activities
(91,426) (54,408)
738 316 Movement in inventories 357 471 24,793 46,785 Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash
equivalents
(16,032) 117,517
6,418 22,678 Movement in amounts receivable 20,614 36,053 124,067 181,886 Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning 164,892 111,154
2,075 (5,431) Movement in amounts payable 5,640 (13,319) of the period
(303) (508) Tax paid (1,281) (627) 148,860 228,671 Cash and cash equivalents at the end of
the period
148,860 228,671
(874) (1,080) Payment for interest portion of lease liability (2,678) (3,547)
(1,628) (1,111) Net interest paid (4,405) (5,709)

46,031 73,214 Net cash flow from operating activities 132,239 228,433

DIS'CURRENT FLEET OVERVIEW. LR1 & MR Fleet

Owned -
LR1
Tonnage (dwt) Year Built Builder, Country Interest1 IMO Classified
Bright Future2 75,000 2019 Hyundai MIPO, South Korea (Vinashin) 100% -
Cielo
di Cagliari
75,000 2018 Hyundai MIPO, South Korea (Vinashin) 100% -
Cielo Rosso 75,000 2018 Hyundai MIPO, South Korea (Vinashin) 100% -
Cielo
di Rotterdam
75,000 2018 Hyundai MIPO, South Korea (Vinashin) 100% -
Cielo Bianco 75,000 2017 Hyundai MIPO, South Korea (Vinashin) 100% -
di Houston3
Cielo
75,000 2019 Hyundai MIPO, South Korea (Vinashin) 100% -
Owned –
MR
Tonnage (dwt) Year Built Builder, Country Interest1 IMO Classified
High Navigator4 50,000 2018 Japan Marine
United Co., Japan
100% IMO
II/IMO III
High Leader5 50,000 2018 Japan Marine
United Co., Japan
100% IMO
II/IMO III
High Explorer6 50,000 2018 Onomichi,
Japan
100% IMO
II/IMO III
High Adventurer7 50,000 2017 Onomichi,
Japan
100% IMO
II/IMO III
High Mariner8 50,000 2017 Minaminippon
Shipbuilding (Japan)
100% IMO II/IMO III
High Transporter9 50,000 2017 Minaminippon
Shipbuilding (Japan)
100% IMO II/IMO III
High Challenge 50,000 2017 Hyundai MIPO, South Korea (Vinashin) 100% IMO II/IMO III
High Wind 50,000 2016 Hyundai MIPO, South Korea (Vinashin) 100% IMO II/IMO III
High Trust10 49,990 2016 Hyundai MIPO, South Korea (Vinashin) 100% IMO II/IMO III
High Trader11 49,990 2015 Hyundai MIPO, South Korea (Vinashin) 100% IMO II/IMO III
High Loyalty12 49,990 2015 Hyundai MIPO, South Korea 100% IMO II/IMO III
High Voyager13 45,999 2014 Hyundai MIPO, South Korea 100% IMO II/IMO III
High Freedom14 49,990 2014 Hyundai MIPO, South Korea 100% IMO II/IMO III
High Tide 51,768 2012 Hyundai MIPO, South Korea 100% IMO II/IMO III
High Seas 51,678 2012 Hyundai MIPO, South Korea 100% IMO II/IMO III
GLENDA Melissa 47,203 2011 Hyundai MIPO, South Korea 100% IMO III
GLENDA Meryl 47,251 2011 Hyundai MIPO, South Korea 100% IMO III
Bare-Boat with purchase option/obligation Tonnage (dwt) Year Built Builder, Country Interest1 IMO Classified
High Discovery 50,036 2014 Hyundai MIPO, South Korea 100% IMO II/IMO III
High Fidelity 49,990 2014 Hyundai MIPO, South Korea (Vinashin) 100% IMO II/IMO III
    1. DIS' economic interest.
    1. Ex-Cielo di Londra.
    1. In January 2025, d'Amico Tankers d.a.c, exercised its purchase option on M/T Cielo di Houston, with delivery occurred in Sep'25.
    1. In October 2024, d'Amico Tankers d.a.c, exercised its purchase option on M/T High Navigator, with delivery occurred in Feb'25.
    1. In October 2024, d'Amico Tankers d.a.c, exercised its purchase option on M/T High Leader, with delivery occurred in Apr'25.
    1. In January 2023, d'Amico Tankers d.a.c. exercised its purchase option on the MT High Explorer, with delivery occurred in May'23.
    1. In September 2022, d'Amico Tankers d.a.c. exercised its purchase option on the MT High Adventurer, with delivery occurred in Dec'23.
    1. In August 2024, d'Amico Tankers d.a.c. exercised its purchase option on the ex-Crimson Pearl, with delivery occurred in Oct'24.
    1. In June 2024, d'Amico Tankers d.a.c. exercised its purchase option on the ex-Crimson Jade, with delivery occurred in Jul'24.
    1. In May 2023, d'Amico Tankers d.a.c. exercised its purchase option on the MT High Trust, with delivery occurred in Jul'23.
    1. In May 2023, d'Amico Tankers d.a.c. exercised its purchase option on the MT High Trader, with delivery occurred in Jul'23.
    1. d'Amico Tankers d.a.c. exercised its purchase option on the MT High Loyalty, with delivery occurred in Jun'23.
    1. In December 2022, d'Amico Tankers d.a.c. exercised its purchase option on the MT High Voyager, with delivery occurred in Jan'23.
    1. In January 2023, d'Amico Tankers d.a.c. exercised its purchase option on the MT High Freedom, with delivery occurred in May'23.

DIS'CURRENT FLEET OVERVIEW. Handy Fleet

Owned Tonnage (dwt) Year Built Builder, Country Interest1 IMO Classified
Cielo di Salerno 39,043 2016 Hyundai MIPO, South Korea (Vinashin) 100% IMO II/IMO III
Cielo di Hanoi 39,043 2016 Hyundai MIPO, South Korea (Vinashin) 100% IMO II/IMO III
Cielo di Capri 39,043 2016 Hyundai MIPO, South Korea (Vinashin) 100% IMO II/IMO III
Cielo di Ulsan 39,060 2015 Hyundai MIPO, South Korea (Vinashin) 100% IMO II/IMO III
Cielo di New York 39,990 2014 Hyundai MIPO, South Korea 100% IMO II/IMO III
Cielo di Gaeta 39,990 2014 Hyundai MIPO, South Korea 100% IMO II/IMO III

DIS'NEW BUILDING PROGRAM.

Owned Estimated tonnage (dwt) Estimated delivery date Builder, Country Interest1 MR/Handysize/LR1
YZJ2024-1642 –
Tbn
75,000 Q3-2027 Jiangsu New Yangzi Shipbuilding, China 100% LR1
YZJ2024-1643 –
Tbn
75,000 Q4-2027 Jiangsu New Yangzi Shipbuilding, China 100% LR1
YZJ2024-1644 –
Tbn
75,000 Q3-2027 Jiangsu New Yangzi Shipbuilding, China 100% LR1
YZJ2024-1645 –
Tbn
75,000 Q4-2027 Jiangsu New Yangzi Shipbuilding, China 100% LR1

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