Prospectus • Oct 3, 2025
Prospectus
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Offer for Subscription
3 October 2025
THIS DOCUMENT IS IMPORTANT AND REQUIRES IMMEDIATE ATTENTION. IF YOU ARE IN ANY DOUBT ABOUT WHAT ACTION YOU SHOULD TAKE, YOU ARE RECOMMENDED TO SEEK YOUR OWN FINANCIAL ADVICE IMMEDIATELY FROM YOUR STOCKBROKER, BANK MANAGER, SOLICITOR, ACCOUNTANT OR OTHER INDEPENDENT FINANCIAL ADVISER AUTHORISED UNDER THE FINANCIAL SERVICES AND MARKETS ACT 2000 ("FSMA").
This document constitutes a prospectus dated 3 October 2025 (the "Prospectus") issued by Calculus VCT plc (the "Company"), prepared in accordance with the Regulation (EU) 2017/1129 as it forms part of domestic law by virtue of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018 (the "UK Prospectus Regulation") and the Prospectus Regulation Rules made under FSMA. This Prospectus has been approved by the Financial Conduct Authority ("FCA") as competent authority under the UK Prospectus Regulation. The FCA only approves this Prospectus as meeting the standards of completeness, comprehensibility and consistency imposed by the UK Prospectus Regulation. Such approval should not be considered an endorsement of the Company or of the quality of the securities that are the subject of this Prospectus and investors should make their own assessment as to the suitability of investing in the securities. The Company and the Directors (whose names are set out on page 75) accept responsibility for the information contained in this prospectus. To the best of the knowledge of the Company and the Directors the information contained in the Prospectus is in accordance with the facts and makes no omission likely to affect its import. The Prospectus has been drawn up as part of a simplified prospectus in accordance with Article 14 of the UK Prospectus Regulation.
The contents of this document and the information incorporated herein by reference should not be construed as legal, business or tax advice. Neither the Company nor any of its Directors or representatives are making any representation to any offeree or purchaser or acquirer of the Ordinary Shares regarding the legality of an investment in the Ordinary Shares by such offeree or purchaser or acquirer under the laws applicable to such offeree or purchaser or acquirer.
Prospective Investors should read the whole text of this document and should be aware that an investment in the Company involves a high degree of risk and should make the decision to invest only after careful consideration and, if appropriate, consultation with an independent financial adviser. All statements regarding the Company's business, financial position and prospects should be viewed in the light of such risk factors.
(Registered in England and Wales under company number 07142153)
In connection with the Offer, Howard Kennedy Corporate Services LLP (the "Sponsor") is acting for the Company and for no-one else and will not (subject to the responsibilities and liabilities imposed by FSMA or the regulatory regime established thereunder) be responsible to anyone other than the Company for providing the protections afforded to customers of the Sponsor nor for providing advice in relation to the Offer. The Sponsor is authorised and regulated in the United Kingdom by the FCA.
Calculus Capital Limited ("Calculus Capital" or the "Promoter") is the Company's investment manager in respect of its venture capital portfolio. Calculus Capital will not be responsible to anyone other than the Company for the provision of protections afforded to customers of Calculus Capital nor for providing advice in relation to the Offer. Calculus Capital is authorised and regulated in the United Kingdom by the FCA.
Application will be made to the FCA for the Offer Shares to be issued pursuant to the Prospectus, to be listed on the closed-ended investment funds segment of the Official List and will be made to the London Stock Exchange for such Offer Shares to be admitted to trading on its main market for listed securities. It is expected that admission will become effective and that trading in the Offer Shares will commence three Business Days following their allotment.
Copies of this Prospectus are (and any supplementary prospectus published by the Company will be) available free of charge from the offices of the Company's manager, Calculus Capital, at 12 Conduit Street, London, W1S 2XH until the close of the Offer. A copy of this document has been submitted to the National Storage Mechanism and is available to the public for viewing online at the following website address: https://data.fca.org.uk/#/nsm/nationalstoragemechanism.
This Prospectus does not constitute an offer of, or the solicitation of an offer to subscribe for or buy, any Ordinary Shares to any person in any jurisdiction to whom it is unlawful to make such an offer or solicitation in such jurisdiction. The Offer is not being made, directly or indirectly, in or into the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, the Republic of South Africa or their respective territories or possessions or in any other jurisdiction where to do so would be unlawful, and documents should not be distributed, forwarded or transmitted in or into such territories. The Ordinary Shares have not been and will not be registered under the United States Securities Act of 1933 (as amended) and may not be offered, sold or delivered, directly or indirectly, in or into the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, the Republic of South Africa or in any other jurisdiction where to do so would be unlawful.
YOUR ATTENTION IS DRAWN TO THE RISK FACTORS ON PAGES 11 to 13.
| Page | |
|---|---|
| Summary | 5 |
| Risk Factors | 11 |
| Important Information | 14 |
| Expected Offer Timetable, Statistics and Costs | 16 |
| Definitions | 17 |
| Part 1: Offer for Subscription | 19 |
| Part 2: Investment Portfolio of the Company | 35 |
| Part 3: Financial Information on the Company | 41 |
| Part 4: Memorandum and Articles of Association | 43 |
| Part 5: Taxation | 52 |
| Part 6: Additional Information | 56 |
| Part 7: Terms and Conditions of Application under the Offer | 64 |
| Part 8: Dividend Reinvestment Scheme | 68 |
| Corporate Information | 75 |
This summary forms part of a prospectus dated 3 October 2025 (the "Prospectus") issued by Calculus VCT plc (the "Company" or the "Issuer") and which has been approved, on that date, by the Financial Conduct Authority (the "FCA"), the competent authority for the United Kingdom under Part IV of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000.
The Prospectus describes a public offer by the Company to raise up to £10 million (with an over-allotment facility for up to a further £10 million) ("Offer"). The securities being offered pursuant to the Offer are Ordinary Shares of 1 penny each ("Offer Shares") (ISIN: GB00BYQPF348).
The FCA may be contacted at: Financial Conduct Authority 12 Endeavour Square London E20 1JN
The Issuer's contact details are:
| Address | Website | Telephone | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 12 Conduit Street, | [email protected] | www.calculuscapital.com | 020 7493 4940 |
| London W1S 2XH |
Warning: This summary should be read as an introduction to the Prospectus. Any decision to invest in the securities described herein should be based on a consideration of the Prospectus as a whole by the Investor. Investors could lose all or part of the invested capital. Civil liability attaches only to those persons who have tabled the Summary including any translation thereof, but only if the Summary is misleading, inaccurate or inconsistent when read together with the other parts of the Prospectus or where it does not provide, when read together with other parts of the Prospectus, key information in order to aid investors when considering whether to invest in the Offer Shares.
The issuer of the securities which are the subject of this Prospectus is Calculus VCT plc (the "Company").
The Company is a public limited liability company which is registered in England and Wales with registered number 07142153. The Company's Legal Entity Identifier is: 2138005SMDWLMMNPVA90. The Company is approved by HMRC as a venture capital trust (VCT) in accordance with the VCT Rules. It is intended that the business of the Company be carried on so as to maintain its VCT status. The Company is domiciled in England.
The Company has no parent company and is owned by individuals, none of whom owns more than 3.0% of its ordinary share capital. The Company has no subsidiaries. The Company has three non-executive directors – Jan Ward (Chairman), Hemant Mardia and John Glencross. As at the date of this document, and following the Offer, the Company is not aware of any persons who currently exercise, or will exercise, control over the Company, directly or indirectly, jointly or severally.
The Company's auditors, as of 10 March 2025, are MHA Audit Services LLP of 2 London Wall Place, London EC2Y 5AU.
Its principal activity is to invest in young, entrepreneurial, and often privately-owned companies within the VCT Rules.
Certain key historical information of the Company is set out below:
| Audited year end to 31 March 2025 |
Audited period end to 31 March 2024 |
|
|---|---|---|
| Net Assets | £45,713,000 | £39,065,000 |
| Total return before tax | £1,292,000 | (£535,000) |
| Net asset value per Share | 59.04p | 61.58p |
| Dividends paid per Share | 3.91p | 2.77p |
| Target Dividend Yield | 5.0% | 4.5% |
| Audited year end to 31 March 2025 |
Audited period end to 31 March 2024 |
|
|---|---|---|
| £'000 | £'000 | |
| Gains/(losses) on investments at fair value | 2,348 | (235) |
| Gains/(losses) on disposals of investments | (731) | - |
| Income | 712 | 726 |
| Investment management fees | (723) | (698) |
| Other expenses | (314) | (328) |
| Profit/(loss) attributable to Shareholders | 1,292 | (535) |
| Profit/(loss) per Ordinary Share | 1.80p | (0.89)p |
| Audited year end to | Audited period end to | |
|---|---|---|
| 31 March 2025 | 31 March 2024 | |
| £'000 | £'000 | |
| Fixed assets | ||
| Investments | 43,695 | 37,914 |
| Sales awaiting settlement | 1,226 | 46 |
| Fixed interest awaiting settlement | 251 | - |
| Current assets | ||
| Debtors | 396 | 451 |
| Cash at bank and in hand | 640 | 1,124 |
| Creditors: amounts falling due within one year |
(379) | (357) |
| Net current assets | 657 | 1,218 |
| IFA trail commission | (116) | (113) |
| Net assets | 45,713 | 39,065 |
| Capital and reserves | ||
| Called up share capital | 774 | 634 |
| Share premium | 32,326 | 23,057 |
| Share reserve | 10,773 | 14,848 |
| Capital redemption reserve | 111 | 89 |
| Capital reserve - realised | (3,595) | (1,918) |
| Capital reserve - unrealised | 6,826 | 4,074 |
| Revenue reserve | (1,502) | (1,719) |
| Total equity shareholders' funds | 45,713 | 39,065 |
| Net asset value per share | 59.04p | 61.58p |
There has been no significant change in the financial position or financial performance of the Company which has occurred since 31 March 2025, being the Company's financial year end and the date of the most recent published audited financial report and accounts of the Company.
• The Net Asset Value of the Shares will reflect the values and performance of the underlying assets in the Company's portfolio. The value of the investments and income derived from them can rise and fall. Realisation of investments in unquoted companies can be difficult or impossible and may take considerable time.
The securities being offered pursuant to the Offer are Ordinary Shares of 1 penny each (ISIN: GB00BYQPF348). The currency of the Ordinary Shares is Sterling. The Offer Shares will be created pursuant to resolutions passed by the Shareholders at the Company's annual general meeting which was held on 23 September 2025.
The Offer Shares will rank equally in all respects with each other and with the existing Ordinary Shares. Shareholders will be entitled to receive certificates in respect of their Offer Shares and will also be eligible for electronic settlement. The Offer Shares will be listed on the closed-ended investment funds of the Official List and, as a result, will be freely transferable.
Shareholders are entitled to receive such dividends as the Directors resolve to pay out in accordance with the articles of association of the Company.
On a return of capital on a winding up or otherwise (other than on redemption or purchase of shares) the assets of the Company available for distribution shall be divided amongst the holder of Shares pro rata to their respective holdings of such shares, in accordance with the articles of association of the Company.
Subject to any special terms as to voting upon which any shares may have been issued, or for the time being held, each holder of Shares present in person or by proxy shall on a poll have one vote for every Share of which they are a holder.
The Ordinary Shares are not redeemable.
The Board has a stated objective of paying annual dividends equal to 5.0% of the prevailing NAV of the Ordinary Shares per annum. This will be subject to investment performance, availability of distributable reserves and the need to retain cash for investment purposes and to fund annual running costs. Returns will be dependent on the performance of the portfolio of the Company's investments. The Board will review the Company's dividend policy annually to take account of the performance of its investments. Calculus Capital will focus on investing in companies where an exit within 3-5 years through a trade sale or flotation is reasonably foreseeable. It is intended that any profits made on the disposal of investments will be distributed to Shareholders, to the extent that this is prudent. To enable the Company to pay the intended annual dividend, the Company will invest by way of loan stock and/or fixed rate preference shares as well as ordinary shares. No forecast or projection is implied or should be inferred.
Applications will be made to the FCA for the Ordinary Shares offered for subscription pursuant to the Prospectus to be admitted to the closed-ended investment funds segment of the Official List of the FCA. Application will also be made to the London Stock Exchange for the Offer Shares to be admitted to trading on its main market for listed securities. It is expected that admission will become effective and that trading in the Offer Shares will commence three business days following allotment.
There is no guarantee attached to the Offer Shares.
The Offer opens on the date of the Prospectus and is expected to close on 2 October 2026 (or earlier at the discretion of the Directors or if full subscription is reached before then). Investors must be over 18 years old.
Regular share allotment dates are currently scheduled for December (2025/26 tax year), April (2025/26 tax year), July (2026/27 tax year), August (2026/27 tax year) and October (2026/27 tax year), subject to change at the discretion of the Board. The first allotment of Offer Shares for those investors seeking tax relief in the 2025/26 tax year will be no later than 5 April 2026.
The Offer is for up to £10 million of Ordinary Shares of £0.01 each, payable in full on application, together with an over-allotment facility for up to a further £10 million of Ordinary Shares of £0.01 each, payable in full upon application.
The Offer will open on 3 October 2025 and will close on 2 October 2026 (or earlier at the discretion of the Directors or if full subscription is reached before then).
Application has been made to the FCA for the Offer Shares to be admitted to the Official List of the FCA. Application will also be made to the London Stock Exchange for such Offer Shares to be admitted to trading on its market for listed securities. It is expected that Admission will become effective and that trading in the Offer Shares will commence three Business Days following allotment.
The number of Offer Shares to be issued to an Investor shall be calculated based on the following Pricing Formula (rounded down to the nearest whole Share):
| = | Amount subscribed: | ÷ | NAV* |
|---|---|---|---|
| (i) Less Promoter's Fee |
|||
| (ii) Less Initial Adviser | |||
| Charge/initial Commission | |||
| (iii) Plus applicable early | |||
| application and/or loyalty | |||
| discount | |||
*The NAV will be the most recently published NAV per Share prior to the day of the allotment, adjusted for dividends declared and for which the record date for payment has passed at the time of allotment.
The estimated expenses of the Offer will be 5.0% of the funds raised (assuming investment solely by Investors in respect of whom commission is payable). If the Offer is fully subscribed (ignoring the over-allotment facility) the net proceeds of the Offer would be approximately £9,500,000.
An existing holder of Ordinary Shares who does not subscribe for Offer Shares pursuant to the Offer would experience no dilution in terms of NAV per share (as the assets of the Company will be increased by the proceeds of the Offer and the upfront costs of the Offer are borne by subscribers) but will experience dilution in terms of voting. The Company will bear the costs of on-going trail commission which is not borne by subscribers through the application of the above Pricing Formula.
The Offer is not underwritten.
The Offer is being made, and its proceeds will be used, to raise additional funds to be invested in accordance with the Company's published investment policy. The Company is a generalist VCT. Funds raised under the Offer will, no later than three years following the end of the accounting period in which those shares are issued, be invested as to at least 80% in VCT qualifying companies with 30% of such funds so invested within 12 months of the end of the relevant accounting period. The remainder of such funds raised will be held in cash or other permitted nonqualifying investments.
Shareholders and prospective shareholders should carefully consider the following risk factors in addition to the other information presented in this document and the Prospectus as a whole. If any of the risks described below were to occur, it could have a material effect on the Company's business, financial condition or results of operations. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones the Company, the Board or Investors in the Company will face. Additional risks not currently known to the Company or the Board, or that the Company or the Board currently believe are not material, may also adversely affect the Company's business, financial condition, and results of operations. The value of Shares could decline due to any of these risk factors, and Investors could lose part or all of their investment. Investors who are in any doubt should consult their independent financial adviser. The attention of prospective Investors is drawn to the following risks:
by Shareholders and the VCT status of the Company.
also cause the Company to lose its exemption from corporation tax on capital gains.
• The Company carries out annual due diligence on third party providers that hold Company data such as Calculus Capital and City Partnership, the Company's registrars. While the Company takes steps to ensure these providers maintain adequate systems to guard against risks posed by cyber attacks, it cannot guarantee that a cyber attack will not take place and Company data is lost or corrupted, resulting in adverse consequences for investors.
Investors should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. This Prospectus includes statements that are (or may be deemed to be) "forward-looking statements", which can be identified by the use of forwardlooking terminology including the various terms "believes", "continues", "expects", "intends", "aims" "may", "will", "would", "should" or, in each case, their negative or other variations or comparable terminology. These forwardlooking statements include all matters that are not historical facts. Forward-looking statements involve risk and uncertainty because they relate to future events and circumstances. Save in relation to statements concerning working capital adequacy, forward-looking statements contained in this Prospectus, based on past trends or activities, should not be taken as a representation that such trends or activities will continue in the future. These statements will be updated as and when required by the Prospectus Regulation Rules, the UK Listing Rules and the Disclosure Guidance & Transparency Rules.
Solely for the purposes of the product governance requirements contained within: (a) the UK's implementation of EU Directive 2014/65/EU on markets in financial instruments, as amended ("UK MiFID II"); (b) the UK's implementation of Articles 9 and 10 of Commission Delegated Directive (EU) 2017/593 supplementing UK MiFID II, and in particular Chapter 3 of the Product Intervention and Product Governance Sourcebook of the FCA (together, the "MiFID II Product Governance Requirements") and disclaiming all and any liability, whether arising in tort, contract or otherwise, which any "manufacturer" (for the purposes of the MiFID II Product Governance Requirements) may otherwise have with respect thereto, the Ordinary Shares of the Company have been subject to a product approval process, which has determined that the Ordinary Shares to be issued pursuant to the Offer is: (i) compatible with an end target market of retail investors and investors who meet the criteria of professional clients and eligible counterparties each as defined in UK MiFID II; and (ii) eligible for distribution through all distribution channels as are permitted by UK MiFID II (the "Target Market Assessment").
Notwithstanding the Target Market Assessment, distributors should note that: the price of the Ordinary Shares may decline and investors could lose all or part of their investment; the Ordinary Shares offer no guaranteed income and no capital protection; and an investment in the Ordinary Shares is compatible only with investors who do not need a guaranteed income or capital protection, who (either alone or in conjunction with an appropriate financial or other adviser) are capable of evaluating the merits and risks of such an investment and who have sufficient resources to be able to bear any losses that may result therefrom. The Target Market Assessment is without prejudice to the requirements of any contractual, legal or regulatory selling restrictions in relation to the Offer.
For the avoidance of doubt, the Target Market Assessment does not constitute: (a) an assessment of suitability or appropriateness for the purposes of UK MiFID II or (b) a recommendation to any investor or group of investors to invest in, or purchase, or take any other action whatsoever with respect to the Ordinary Shares.
Each distributor is responsible for undertaking its own target market assessment in respect of the Ordinary Shares and determining appropriate distribution channels.
Without limitation, neither the contents of the Company's or the Manager's website (or any other website referred to in this Prospectus) nor the content of any website accessible from hyperlinks on the Company's or the Manager's website (or any other website referred to in this Prospectus) is incorporated into, or forms part of this Prospectus.
The Company may update the information provided in this Prospectus by means of a supplement if a significant new factor that may affect the evaluation by prospective investors occurs after the publication of this Prospectus or if this Prospectus contains any material mistake or substantial inaccuracy. Any such supplement will be subject to approval by the FCA and will be made public in accordance with the Prospectus Regulation Rules. Ifthe Company is required to publish a supplement prospectus prior to Admission, applicants who have applied for Ordinary Shares under the Offer shall have the right to withdraw their applications for Shares made prior to the publication of the supplement prospectus. Such withdrawal must be made within the time limits and in the manner set out in any such supplement prospectus (which shall be at least two clear Business Days following the publication of the relevant supplement prospectus). If the application is not withdrawn within the stipulated period, any offer to apply for Ordinary Shares under the Offer the will remain valid and binding.
This Prospectus includes information regarding the track record and performance data of the Company and Manager. Such information is not necessarily comprehensive and prospective investors should not consider such information to be indicative of the possible future performance of the Company or any investment opportunity to which this Prospectus relates. The past performance of the Manager is not a reliable indicator of, and cannot be relied upon as a guide to, the future performance of the Company and/or the Manager. Investors should not consider the track record information and performance data (particularly the past returns) contained in this Prospectus to be indicative of the Company's future performance. Past performance is not a reliable indicator of future results and the Company will not make the same investments reflected in the track record information and performance data included herein. Prospective investors should be aware that any investment in the Company is speculative, involves a high degree of risk, and could result in the loss of all or substantially all of their investment.
For a variety of reasons, the comparability of the track record information and performance data to the Company's future performance is by its nature very limited. The Company's results can be positively or negatively affected by market conditions outside of the control of the Manager and the Company. These market conditions may be different from those prevailing at present time or in the future and, accordingly, the performance of investments now may be significantly different from those of the past. No representation is being made by the inclusion of examples of the past performance or track record of the Manager, and/or the strategies presented herein that the Company will achieve performance similar to such examples and strategies herein. There can be no assurance that the track record and past performance of the Manager and/or the strategies described herein will assist the Company in meeting its objectives generally or avoid losses.
| Offer opens | 3 October 2025 |
|---|---|
| Closing date (for 2025/26 tax year) | 1 April 2026 |
| Closing date (for 2026/27 tax year)* | 1 October 2026 |
| First allotment | no later than 2 April 2026 |
| Effective date for the listing of Offer Shares and | three Business Days following |
| commencement of dealings | allotment |
| Share certificates and tax certificates to be dispatched | Within fifteen Business Days |
| following allotment |
* The Directors reserve the right to extend the closing date at their discretion. The Offer will close earlier than the date stated above if fully subscribed or otherwise at the Directors' discretion.
| Maximum amount to be raised by the Company* | £10 million |
|---|---|
| Unaudited NAV per Share as at 30 June 2025 | 58.94p |
| Estimated maximum number of Offer Shares to be issued** | 16 million |
| Estimated net proceeds of the Offer** | £9.5 million |
| Discount for applications received by 16 December 2025*** | 2.0% |
| Discount for applications received by 17 February 2026*** | 1.5% |
| Discount for applications received from existing Investors in the | 0.5% |
| Company*** |
* The Directors reserve the right to increase the size of the Offer by up to an additional £10 million.
** Approximate figure, assuming full subscription, no use of the over-allotment facility, total Offer costs of 5% of funds raised and taking into account the dividend of 1.81p per share paid on 2 October 2025. The Company may allot up to an absolute maximum of 35 million Offer Shares pursuant to the Offer.
*** Discounts to funds invested for early applications and for existing Investors in the Company will be applied through an increase in the number of Offer Shares allocated via the Pricing Formula. Calculus Capital Limited reserves the right to waive or reduce its fees in other circumstances or at other times than is stated in this Prospectus.
Intermediary
Promoter's Fee 3.0% of funds invested Intermediary Commission 2.0% of funds invested up front 0.5% trail per annum based on year end NAV (maximum of 3.0% of funds invested)
Promoter's Fee 5.0% of funds invested
* Commission will only be paid where it can be justified in accordance with prevailing FCA rules. The above table provides a summary only and does not consider all situations where commission or trail may or may not be payable.
In this Prospectus, the following expressions have the following meanings:
| "2024 Offer" | the Offer for subscription for Ordinary Shares, launched on 14 October 2024, which closed on 2 October 2025 |
|
|---|---|---|
| "Admission" | the date on which the Offer Shares are listed on the Official List and admitted to dealing on the LSE's main market for listed securities |
|
| "Annual Report" | the annual report and financial statements of the Company for the year ended 31 March 2025 |
|
| "Articles" | the articles of association of the Company, as amended from time to time |
|
| "Board" or "Directors" | the board of directors of the Company | |
| "Business Day" | any day (other than a Saturday or Sunday) on which clearing banks are open for normal banking business in the City of London |
|
| "CA 2006" | Companies Act 2006, as amended | |
| "Co-Investment Syndicate" | as described on pages 23 and 24 | |
| "Company" or "Calculus VCT" | Calculus VCT plc (company number: 07142153) | |
| "Existing Shareholders" | holders of Shares as at the date of this Prospectus | |
| "FCA" | the Financial Conduct Authority | |
| "FCA Rules" | the rules and guidance set out in FCA Handbook (https://www.handbook.fca.org.uk/handbook/) as amended from time to time |
|
| "FSMA" | the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, as amended | |
| "HMRC" | HM Revenue & Customs | |
| "IA 1986" | Insolvency Act 1986, as amended | |
| "Investor" | an individual who subscribes for Offer Shares pursuant to the Offer | |
| "ITA 2007" | Income Tax Act 2007, as amended | |
| "London Stock Exchange" | London Stock Exchange plc | |
| "Manager" or "Calculus Capital" | Calculus Capital Limited, the Company's investment manager in respect of its venture capital portfolio |
|
| "NAV" | net asset value | |
| "Offer" | the Offer to raise up to £10 million (with an over-allotment facility of up to an additional £10 million) by issues of new Ordinary Shares in the capital of the Company, as set out in this Prospectus |
|
| "Offer Shares" | the new Ordinary Shares to be issued pursuant to the Offer | |
| "Official List" | the official list of the FCA | |
| "Ordinary Shareholder Proceeds" | the aggregate of (i) dividends paid by the Company in cash and (ii) the total consideration for any purchase of Shares by the Company which takes place or which is offered by the Company, as more fully described and subject to the conditions in the Performance Incentive Agreement and taking into account, for each Shareholder, their investment vintage and class of share they originally subscribed for |
| "Overseas Shareholders" | Shareholders who are not resident in the UK | |
|---|---|---|
| "Performance Incentive Agreement" |
as defined on page 60 | |
| "Pricing Formula" | the formula applied in calculating the number of Offer Shares to be issued to each applicant as set out on page 21 under the Offer |
|
| "Prospectus" | this document | |
| "Shareholder" | a holder of Shares | |
| "Shares" or "Ordinary Shares" | ordinary shares of 1p each in the capital of the Company | |
| "TCGA 1992" | Taxation of Chargeable Gains Act 1992, as amended | |
| "UK" | the United Kingdom | |
| "UK Listing Rules" | the UK listing rules of the FCA | |
| "VCT" or "venture capital trust" | a company satisfying the requirements of Chapter 3 of Part 6 of ITA 2007 for venture capital trusts |
|
| "VCT Rules" | the legislation, rules and HMRC interpretation and practice regulating the establishment and operation of venture capital trusts |
A VCT is an investment company listed on the London Stock Exchange which uses investor capital to support the growth of young, entrepreneurial, and often privately-owned companies. In recognition of the additional risk involved in investing in such companies, the UK government offers VCT investors attractive tax reliefs.
The types of UK trading companies which can be held in a VCT portfolio is determined by government legislation. This helps stimulate the flow of investor capital to the industries and sectors which greater benefit the wider UK economy. Much like traditional investment trusts, VCTs operate with an independent board of directors responsible for appointing a fund manager to run the underlying portfolio. In the case of Calculus VCT, this is Calculus Capital. Once an investor holds shares in the Calculus VCT, they gain immediate access to a well-diversified portfolio focused on three high growth sectors - technology, healthcare and entertainment. Funds raised by the VCT will be used to provide development and scale-up capital to companies with robust business models and help to drive growth in existing portfolio companies. If you choose to invest, you will receive a share certificate for the amount you have invested and a tax certificate that allows you to claim the 30% upfront income tax relief from HMRC.
The key points of the Offer are set out below:
1 Calculus Capital Limited reserves the right to waive or reduce its fees in other circumstances or at other times than is stated in this Prospectus.
If you wish to invest, please read the whole Prospectus and complete the Application Form which is available separately from Calculus Capital (www.calculuscapital.com). If Investors have any questions regarding this investment, they should contact their financial intermediary. For questions relating to an application, please telephone Calculus Capital on 020 7493 4940 or send an email to [email protected]. Investors should note that no investment advice can be given by Calculus Capital and their attention is drawn to the risk factors set out on pages 11 to 13 of this document.
The independent Directors have appointed Calculus Capital to manage the Company's venture capital investments because of its excellent track record and experience of tax efficient investing.
VCTs were introduced in 1995 to encourage individuals to invest indirectly in a range of small and growing UK trading companies. VCTs are investment companies whose shares are listed on the Official List and traded on the London Stock Exchange. To date, VCTs have raised some £10.6 billion and currently have over £6.2 billion currently under management (Source: AIC Statistics).
VCTs were created so that their investors could benefit from a spread of VCT qualifying investments under the supervision of professional managers who can contribute valuable experience, contacts and advice to the businesses in which they invest. For the tax benefits to be available, VCTs are required to be approved by HMRC for the purposes of the venture capital trust legislation. VCTs are entitled to exemption from corporation tax on any gains arising on the disposal of their investments and such gains may be distributed tax-free to investors. Dividends and capital distributions from VCTs are currently tax-free, subject to a maximum investment of £200,000 per individual per tax year and no change in VCT regulations. Currently, dividends on non VCT shares attract income tax in excess of the annual tax free allowance of £500.
Since its inception in 1995, the VCT has earnt its place as a well-established part of the UK investment ecosystem. Seasoned venture capital fund managers like Calculus have consistently demonstrated the ability to build, manage and grow a diversified portfolio of small UK entrepreneurial companies with high growth potential. At a time of economic uncertainty, VCTs seek to offer a form of diversification to potentially volatile public markets.
By investing in pioneering enterprises which are driving innovation across their industries, the Calculus VCT aims to deliver attractive returns which are expected to be largely uncorrelated to main market investments. With small-medium growing companies dominating in the UK private sector, VCTs are considered as one of the key channels in facilitating the flow of capital toward these earlier-stage privately owned companies, driving their growth and development, and in turn supporting the revival of the UK economy.
The Company is launching the Offer with the goal of providing new shareholders with access to the next raft of the UK's early-stage businesses. By investing in pioneering enterprises which are driving innovation across their industries, the Company aims to deliver attractive returns.
The Offer opens on 3 October 2025 and is expected to close at 5.00pm on 1 October 2026, unless it is closed early at the discretion of the Board, or is fully subscribed by then. Applications will be accepted (in whole or part) at the discretion of the Board, but the Board intends to meet applications on a 'first come, first served' basis.
The Offer Shares will be issued at a price determined for each Investor by reference to a pricing formula which takes into account the level of Promoter's Fee, adviser charge/commission and early application/loyalty discount which is applicable to that Investor.
Investors whose applications are received by 16 December 2025, or until £2 million is raised, will benefit from a 2.0% early application discount based on gross funds invested. Investors whose applications are received after that date but before 17 February 2026, or until £3 million is raised, will benefit from a 1.5% early application discount based on gross funds invested. Existing Shareholders who apply will receive an additional 0.5% loyalty discount based on gross funds invested.2 The Company will announce the number of New Shares issued and the range of the Offer Price by way of a Regulatory Information Service announcement following each allotment.
The minimum investment by an Investor under the Offer is £5,000 including any fee facilitation amount (subject to the Directors' discretion to accept any lower amount).
Fractions of Offer Shares will not be issued. Subscription monies of £5 or more not used to acquire Offer Shares may be refunded.
The number of Offer Shares to be issued to an Investor shall be calculated based on the following Pricing Formula (rounded down to the nearest whole Share):
| Number of | = | Amount subscribed: | ÷ | NAV* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Offer Shares | (i) Less Promoter's Fee |
||||
| (ii) | Less initial adviser | ||||
| charge/initial commission | |||||
| (iii) | Plus applicable early | ||||
| application and/or loyalty | |||||
| discount |
*The NAV will be the most recently published NAV per Share on the day of the allotment, adjusted for dividends declared and for which the record date for payment has passed at the time of allotment.
The Company, through the mechanism of the Pricing Formula, will pay to Calculus Capital a fee of up to:
in consideration of its acting as Promoter of the Offer.
The Company can facilitate the payment of agreed adviser charges to intermediaries or, where permitted under the FCA rules, shall pay up to 2.0% initial commission to the financial intermediaries of certain non-advised and professional Investors, subject to such intermediaries' election to waive such commission and reinvest it for additional Offer Shares on behalf of their clients. In addition, the Company shall, pursuant to the terms of the Offer, pay an annual trail commission of 0.5% per annum based on the year end NAV of the Offer Shares, subject to a cumulative maximum of 3.0% of the amount subscribed by them in the Offer, to the authorised intermediaries of eligible non-advised Investors and certain professional client Investors. The Company will be responsible for paying such initial commission to financial intermediaries as are calculated in accordance with the Pricing Formula set out above. In circumstances where an Investor changes adviser or financial intermediary, it is the responsibility of the adviser or financial intermediary to inform the Company in writing of any such changes. The Company will pay any outstanding commission and adviser charge facilitation payments to the intermediary named in the Application Form unless otherwise notified. The Company shall pay all charges and expenses associated with the Offer.
The net proceeds for the Company from the Offer, assuming full subscription but ignoring the over-allotment facility, Offer costs of 5.0% and ignoring reinvested commission and early investment/loyalty bonuses, will therefore amount to approximately £9.5 million.
2 Calculus Capital Limited reserves the right to waive or reduce its fees in other circumstances or at other times than is stated in this Prospectus.
Investors have the option of receiving their dividends directly in cash to their specified bank account or electing to have their dividends reinvested into the Company for additional Ordinary Shares. By reinvesting dividends, investors are able to increase the size of their holding without incurring any additional offer costs, and, subject to their personal circumstances, will receive an additional 30% income tax relief on amounts reinvested on their total VCT investments of up to £200,000 per tax year, subject always to the prevailing VCT rules and limits. The full terms and conditions of the Company's dividend reinvestment scheme are set out in Part 8 of this Prospectus.
The Company's principal objectives for Investors are to:
The Company's policy is to build a diverse portfolio of VCT qualifying investments of primarily established unquoted companies across different industries and investments which may be by way of loan stock and/or fixed rate preference shares as well as ordinary shares to generate income. The Board and its Manager, Calculus Capital, will review the portfolio of investments on a regular basis to assess asset allocation and the need to realise investments to meet the Company's objectives or maintain VCT status.
It is intended that a minimum of 75% of the monies raised by the Company will be initially invested in a variety of investments which will be selected to preserve capital value, whilst generating income, and may include:
in each case which meet the criteria for permitted non-qualifying investments set out in section 274(3A) of the ITA 2007.
Under its Articles, the Company has the ability to borrow a maximum amount equal to 25% of the aggregate amount paid on all shares issued by the Company (together with any share premium thereon). The Board will consider borrowing if it is in the Shareholders' interests to do so and the Company has the ability to borrow on a short-term to medium-term basis for cashflow purposes and to facilitate the payment of dividends and expenses. However, the Company has never used this facility in the past and does not intend to in the foreseeable future.
The Company will not vary the investment objective or the investment policy, to any material extent, without the approval of Shareholders. The Company intends to be a generalist VCT investing in a wide range of sectors.
The Board controls the overall risk of the Company. Calculus Capital will ensure the Company has exposure to a diversified range of venture capital investments from different sectors.
The Company is subject to the investment restrictions relating to a venture capital trust in the ITA 2007, as more particularly detailed in Part 5 of the Prospectus, and in the UK Listing Rules which specify that (i) the Company must, at all times, invest and manage its assets in a way which is consistent with its object of spreading investment risk and in accordance with its published investment policy as set out above; (ii) the Company must not conduct any trading activity which is significant in the context of its group as a whole; and (iii) the Company may not invest more than 10% in aggregate, of the value of its total assets at the time an investment is made in other listed closed-ended investment funds. Any material change to the investment policy of the Company will require the approval of the Shareholders pursuant to the UK Listing Rules. The Company intends to direct its affairs in respect of each of its accounting periods so as to qualify as a venture capital trust and maintain its status as a premium listed closed ended investment fund and accordingly:
In the event of a breach of the investment restrictions which apply to the Company as described in this paragraph, Shareholders will be informed by means of the interim and/or the annual report or through a public announcement.
The purpose of a performance fee arrangement with a fund manager is to incentivise that manager to perform, to enable it to attract and retain key staff and to align the interests of the manager with those of investors.
Under the Performance Incentive Agreement, the Investment Manager is entitled to a performance fee equal to 10% of excess realised gains (less previous performance incentive payments made) with excess gains calculated by subtracting realised losses made on the disposal or write off of investments by the Company from realised gains made on the disposal of investments by the Company. The incentive fees are only payable to the Investment Manager subject to meeting the following three prescribed hurdles:
All three hurdles need to be met for a performance fee to become payable to Calculus Capital. As at 31 March 2025 the hurdles at 1 and 3 above have yet to be met.
Calculus Capital has a co-investment syndicate between its various funds (including Calculus Capital's employee co-investment syndicate) whereby investment allocations are generally offered to each party in proportion to their respective funds available for investment, subject to: (i) a priority being given to any of the funds in order to maintain their tax status; (ii) the time horizon of the investment opportunity being compatible with the exit strategy of each fund; and (iii) the risk/reward profile of the investment opportunity being compatible with the target return for each fund. The terms of the investments may differ between the parties. In the event of any conflicts between the parties, the issues will be resolved at the discretion of the independent directors.
The co-investment syndicate ("Syndicate") structure in place will facilitate the individual members of Calculus Capital investment team and other key members of its staff ("Syndicate Members"), putting their own money into each investment that the Company makes, with Syndicate Members receiving a junior class of shares to those received by the Company (being A2 Ordinary Shares as explained below).
It is the Board's view that the Syndicate structure closely aligns the interests of investors with those persons most closely engaged in originating investments for the Company's portfolio and managing them through to the point of exit – the investment team themselves. Allowing those team members to have direct 'skin in the game', and to risk their own capital alongside investors' in the pursuit of success of the Company portfolio, serves to reinforce the ultimate purpose of the performance incentive arrangements.
The co-investment syndicate arrangement which complements the 10% incentive fee to Calculus Capital has been structured to mirror that which has already successfully been implemented in the context of the Calculus EIS Fund.
In this arrangement, the Syndicate Members, the majority being the Calculus Capital investment team members who select and manage the Company's investment portfolio on a day-to-day basis, will be required to make a cash investment alongside the Company in each of the Company's investments going forward (except where this is impossible for practical reasons). As such, they will have 'skin in the game' alongside investors in each and every investment, with no 'cherry picking' possible.
In terms of the mechanics, portfolio companies in which the Company invests are required to issue two designations of investor shares to the Company and the Syndicate Members, rather than a single designation as would typically be the case.
The commercial impact of the structure will be that the Company will receive back 101.01% of its invested capital before the Syndicate Members receive any distribution; and thereafter the Company will receive 88% of any amount returned in excess of 101.01% of its invested capital and the Syndicate Members will receive 12% of any amount returned in excess of 101.01% of the Company's invested capital.
A privileged feature of a VCT, not available to an investment trust, is the ability to distribute net realised capital profits tax-free to Investors. The Company intends to take full advantage of this by paying out gains arising from successful realisations of investments.
The Board has a stated objective of paying annual dividends equal to 5.0% of the prevailing NAV of the Ordinary Shares per annum. This will be subject to investment performance, availability of distributable reserves and the need to retain cash for investment purposes and annual running costs. Returns will be dependent on the performance of the portfolio of the Company's Investments. The Board will review the Company's dividend policy annually to take account of the performance of its investments. Calculus Capital will focus on investing in companies where an exit within 3-5 years through a trade sale or flotation is reasonably foreseeable. It is intended that any profits made on the disposal of investments will be distributed to Shareholders, to the extent that this is prudent. To enable the Company to pay the intended annual dividend, Calculus Capital will invest by way of loan stock and/or fixed rate preference shares as well as ordinary shares. The Company reserve the right to distribute the dividend in multiple stages, therefore the targeted 5% annual dividend may be payable in the form of one final dividend or the 5% may be split between an interim and a final dividend.
The Board is aware that although the Offer Shares are intended to be traded on the London Stock Exchange's main market for listed securities, it is unlikely that there will be a liquid market for such shares as there is a limited secondary market for VCT shares due to the holding period required to maintain up-front income tax reliefs and the lack of income tax relief on "second hand" VCT shares. Shareholders may, therefore, find it difficult to realise their investments.
The Board, therefore, considers that the Company should have the ability to purchase its Shares in the market with the aim of providing the opportunity for Shareholders who wish to sell their Shares to do so. Subject to maintaining a level of liquidity in the Company which the Board considers appropriate, it is the intention that such purchases of Shares will be made at a price which reflects no more than a 5% discount to the most recently published net asset value per share, as determined appropriate by the Board at the time of purchase. Shares bought back will be cancelled.
Share buybacks will be subject to Shareholder authorities, CA 2006, the UK Listing Rules and the VCT Rules and any other statutory or regulatory requirements from time to time.
The Board comprises three non-executive Directors, two of whom (including the Chairman) are independent of Calculus Capital. The Board has substantial experience of venture capital businesses and overall responsibility for the Company's affairs, including determining the investment policy of the Company. John Glencross is a director of Calculus Capital.
Jan has been a mechanical engineer for over 30 years in metals, manufacturing and distribution. She has worked at board level for specialty metals producers and distributors and has lived and worked in the US, Europe and the Middle East. Jan is the Founder of Corrotherm International Ltd, a company specialising in high alloy metals for use in oil, gas, petrochemical power and desalination industries, she grew the company from a one-woman company to an entity now with offices in seven countries.
An adviser and non-executive board member to a number of manufacturing companies and government departments, she is also the Chair of the Celtic Floating Offshore Wind Commission and Chair of the Plymouth Freeport in addition to other Chair roles in marine engineering, infrastructure and manufacturing. Jan is a NatWest everywoman award winner, as well as IoD London and South East Global Director of the year. Jan was awarded a CBE for services to Business and Honorary Doctorate of Engineering.
Hemant is a technology entrepreneur with a leadership track record of successfully developing ground-breaking products and scaling innovative businesses internationally with tier one customers. Hemant has over 35 years' experience ranging across telecoms, biometrics, quantum, cybersecurity, and semiconductor industries. Hemant graduated in Electrical and Electronic Engineering from Leeds University and gained his PhD from Leeds University. Hemant is Fellow of the Institute of Engineering and Technology (IET) and Fellow of the SCTE (Society of Cable Telecommunications Engineers).
Hemant is on the board of several companies including Chairman at Nu Quantum Limited and Blu Wireless Limited, Non Executive Director of Binarii Labs and prior to that CEO of public listed technology companies including IDEX ASA (Oslo Bors) and Filtronic Plc (UK FTSE) and has founded and scaled three technology businesses.
John founded Calculus Capital Limited in 1999, creating one of the UK's most successful, independent private equity firms focused on investing in smaller, unquoted companies. John has over 30 years' experience in private equity, corporate finance, and operational management. During that time, he has invested in, advised on or negotiated more than 100 transactions and served on publicly quoted and private corporate boards. Before cofounding Calculus Capital Limited, John served as an Executive Director of European Corporate Finance for UBS for nine years where he advised on M&A, IPOs, restructurings and recapitalisations, strategic alliances and private equity. At the start of his career, John qualified as a Chartered Accountant with Peat Marwick (subsequently KPMG), where he then went on to be recruited as a founder member of Deloitte's newly established Corporate Finance practice in London. John graduated from Oxford University with an MA (Hons) in Philosophy, Politics and Economics.
| Jan Ward | Current | Past 5 Years |
|---|---|---|
| Calculus VCT plc | Antech Limited | |
| CIL UK Holdings Ltd | Ecotech Ventilation Limited | |
| Corrotherm International Ltd | JJHL and Co Ltd | |
| Energy and Utility Skills Limited | ||
| Inco Alloys Limited | ||
| J Holmes Assets Ltd | ||
| J Holmes Ltd | ||
| Millers Oils Ltd | ||
| Northern Consortium UK Limited | ||
| Optoma Holding Limited | ||
| Plymouth and South Devon Freeport Limited |
||
| Red Penguin Associates Ltd | ||
| Red Penguin Marine Ltd | ||
| Saudi British Joint Business Council | ||
| SBJBC UK | ||
| UAE UK Business Council | ||
| John Glencross | Current | Past 5 Years |
| Brouhaha Entertainment Limited | Terrain Energy Ltd | |
| Calculus Media Limited | The EIS Association Limited | |
| Calculus Asset Management Limited | ||
| Calculus Capital Limited | ||
| Calculus Capital Partners Limited | ||
| Calculus Group Limited | ||
| Calculus Nominees Limited | ||
| Calculus VCT plc | ||
| Maven Screen Media Limited | ||
| McDonald Glencross Limited | ||
| Home Team Content Ltd | ||
| Raindog Films Limited | ||
| Riff Raff Entertainment Limited | ||
| The Alchemy Circle Ltd | ||
| Alchemy Circle Media Limited | ||
| Wonderhood Limited | ||
| Hemant Mardia | Current | Past 5 Years |
|---|---|---|
| Calculus VCT plc | Headlight Technology Partners Limited | |
| Blu Wireless Technology Limited | Binarii Labs Limited |
As at 2 October 2025 (the latest practicable date prior to the publication of this document), the interests of the Directors (and their immediate families) in the issued Ordinary Share capital of the Company were as follows:
| Director | Shares held | % of total issued share capital |
|---|---|---|
| John Glencross | 76,640 | 0.09 |
| Jan Ward | 7,077 | 0.01 |
| Hemant Mardia | - | - |
Save as set out above, no Director nor any member of their respective immediate families has an interest in the capital of the Company which is or would, immediately following the Offer, be required to be entered in the register maintained under section 808 of the CA 2006 nor does any person connected with any Director (within the meaning of section 252 of the CA 2006) have any such interest which would, if the connected person were a Director, be required to be disclosed and the existence of which is known to or could with reasonable diligence be ascertained by such Director.
John Glencross was appointed under a letter of appointment dated 22 February 2010. Hemant Mardia was appointed under a letter of appointment dated 21 February 2024. Jan Ward was appointed under a letter of appointment dated 31 January 2019. The appointments are subject to an initial period expiring immediately following the first annual general meeting, and (subject to re-election at each subsequent annual general meeting) thereafter the appointments may be terminated on three months' notice. No arrangements have been entered into by the Company entitling the Directors to compensation for loss of office, nor have any amounts been set aside to provide pension, retirement or similar benefits. The total annual remuneration receivable by Jan Ward as chairman is £26,000 (plus applicable employers' National Insurance Contributions). The total annual remuneration received by Hemant Mardia is £22,000 (plus applicable employers' National Insurance Contributions). John Glencross does not receive any remuneration from the Company in respect of his appointment. Aggregate Directors' emoluments for the year ended 31 March 2025 were £72,000 (plus applicable employers' National Insurance Contributions) (including remuneration paid to Janine Nicholls who resigned from the Board on 30 September 2025, and during the financial year was paid £24,000).
The Directors, other than John Glencross who is Chief Executive of Calculus Capital, including the Chairman, act and will continue to act independently of Calculus Capital. No majority of the Directors will be directors or employees of, or former directors or employees of, or professional advisers to Calculus Capital or any other company in the same group as Calculus Capital.
The annual management fee payable to Calculus Capital is based on a percentage of the Company's net assets which are primarily represented by its investment portfolio. Similarly, the crystallisation of performance fees is subject to certain total return hurdles which are calculated by reference to the Company's net asset value. Therefore, there is a potential conflict in the valuations Calculus Capital proposes in relation to investments. This conflict is managed by the valuation of investments being reviewed and approved by the Board (the majority of whom are independent of the Manager) and reviewed annually by the external auditors.
Where the Company invests in companies in which other Calculus-managed funds have invested or subsequently invest, conflicts of interest may arise. In such a scenario, Calculus Capital will apply its internal conflicts policy (which includes, for instance, priority being given to funds which need to maintain their tax status or which have a risk profile most appropriate to the relevant investment) in order to reconcile the conflict in the first instance and thereafter, if required, the Directors will exercise their independent judgement, so far as they are able, to protect the interest of Shareholders.
Save for the management arrangements, performance incentive arrangements and promoters arrangement set out in paragraphs 4.1 – 4.3 of Part 6 of this document, under which Calculus Capital are entitled to fees, and coinvestment with the Company by other Calculus Capital-managed funds, as at 2 October 2025 (being the latest practicable date prior to publication of this document) there were no other potential conflicts of interest between the duties to the Company of any Director, service provider or other third party and their private interests and/or duties or any other interests which are material to the Offer.
Except as stated above, no Director is or has been interested in any transaction which is or was unusual in its nature or conditions or significant to the business of the Company and which was effected by the Company in the period since its incorporation and remains in any respect outstanding or unperformed.
No loan or guarantee has been granted or provided by the Company to or for the benefit of any of the Directors.
The Company has taken out directors' and officers' liability insurance for the benefit of its directors, which is renewable on an annual basis.
No Director has any convictions in relation to fraudulent offences during the previous five years.
In the five years prior to the publication of this document, there were no bankruptcies, receiverships or liquidations (save in respect of solvent liquidations) of any companies or partnership where any of the Directors were acting as (i) a member of the administrative, management or supervisory body, (ii) a partner with unlimited liability, in the case of a limited partnership with a share capital, (iii) a founder where the company had been established for fewer than five years nor (iv) a senior manager during the previous five years.
There has been no official public incrimination and/or sanction of any Director by statutory or regulatory authorities (including designated professional bodies) and no Director has ever been disqualified by a court from acting as a member of the administrative, management or supervisory bodies of a company or from acting in the management or conduct of the affairs of any company during the previous five years.
The Board has appointed Calculus Capital to manage its venture capital investments. Calculus Capital will not advise the Board in relation to the Company's non-VCT qualifying capital preservation investments. The Board will, as required, consult a suitable adviser in respect of the investment of these funds.
Calculus Capital was incorporated on 19 October 1999 under the laws of England and Wales where it is registered as a private limited company with registered number 03861194 and its Legal Entity Identifier is 213800ZZS2KUF9Y6LF44. Calculus Capital is authorised and regulated by the FCA (with FCA number 190854). Calculus Capital is appointed as manager to the Company and also provides secretarial, administration and custodian services to the Company. A pioneer in tax efficient investing with a 25-year track record of investing in growth focused companies, Calculus Capital created the UK's first approved Enterprise Investment Scheme fund. Since then, it has successfully launched a further 25 EIS funds and has been managing VCTs since 2005. As at 30 June 2025, the Calculus group had £165.9 million assets under management or advice.
Calculus Capital is a generalist investor and has extensive experience investing across a multitude of sectors, including hosted software, life sciences, media and entertainment, leisure and hospitality, manufacturing, energy and transportation. Calculus Capital's focus is to find and back capable management teams in established companies which are already successfully selling products and services. In particular, Calculus targets technology, healthcare and entertainment as the fast-growing sectors in the UK. These sectors are potentially underpinned by exceptional talent, strong government support and a thriving M&A market.
Calculus Capital aims to give the Company's investors the benefit of over two decades of investment experience, covering varying periods of economic expansion, contraction and changing tax rules. The aim is to deliver resilient, long-term outperformance. Calculus Capital's reputation is built on our ability to identify the best opportunities, negotiate mutually beneficial deal structures – to keep management teams incentivised, grow and scale businesses, and successfully manage and deliver profitable exits at the best possible moment.
The chart below shows the sector concentration, by number of investee companies, of Calculus Capital's investments across the VCT's portfolio as at 31 March 2025.



Calculus Capital intends to invest in entrepreneurial businesses with growth potential, over a range of sectors and aims to reduce risk when compared to many competitor products by primarily targeting companies with the following characteristics:
Calculus Capital is recognised as a leading manager of Venture Capital Investments and has been awarded the EIS Association "Best EIS Fund Manager" Award five times, "Best EIS Investment Manager" at the 2018 and 2016 Growth Investor Awards, "Best Generalist EIS" at the 2018 Tax Efficiency Awards and "Outstanding Contribution to EIS" at the EISA 25th Anniversary Awards in 2019. Calculus Capital has also been named Finalist in the 'Best VCT' category for both the 2019 Investment Week Tax Efficiency awards and 2018, 2019 and 2020 Growth Investor Awards. Calculus Capital's success is underpinned by a disciplined investment process, strong risk management and very close monitoring of and partnership with the portfolio companies.
Calculus Capital has a very structured and active investment process and takes great care in managing Investors' money.
Calculus Capital has an established track record of identifying high quality EIS and VCT Qualifying Companies. On average, its investment team reviews around 700+ deals a year and completes around 7 – 12 investments across its EIS and VCT funds.
Calculus Capital's standing and longevity in the market ensures it receives excellent deal flow from a range of sources. A substantial number of investment opportunities come from its Investor base and management teams that it has successfully backed in the past. As it has a strong relationship with these sources, such opportunities are often pre-screened and strongly aligned with its investment approach. The firm also benefits from its investment team's diverse industry experience and personal networks of lawyers, advisers and brokers to source potential deals.
Calculus Capital's long track record of successful exits is down to its talented investment team and the robust process they follow. The firm's detailed due diligence process normally takes 4 – 5 months per company, and there is a keen focus on the strength of the management team. Often it will send in an executive coach to evaluate the team and identify strengths and weaknesses. Thorough financial, legal and commercial due diligence is executed by third parties. Its due diligence culminates in a detailed investment agreement including key warranties and Investor rights.
From the moment Calculus Capital invests in a company, a partnership is formed. The firm helps its investee companies create value by actively supporting the business, sharing its market knowledge, connections and using its in depth experience of growing small UK businesses. Calculus Capital understand the complexities of running a small business and its expert team maintain regular contact to support and guide management teams through the challenges and opportunities of the scale up phase. Calculus Capital receive monthly management accounts and usually take a seat on the board of each Investee Company.

Calculus Capital has been appointed as the discretionary investment manager to the Company in respect of the venture capital investments portfolio for which Calculus Capital receives an annual management fee of 2.0% of the net assets of the Ordinary Shares.
Additional details on the Company's performance incentive arrangements can be found on pages 22 and 23.
Susan is one of the UK's leading experts on investing in smaller companies and the government's Enterprise Investment Scheme. A pioneer of the EIS industry, in 1999/2000, she structured and launched the UK's first HMRC approved EIS fund with John Glencross. Susan has over 30 years of experience and has personally directed investment to over 80 companies in the last 20 years covering a diverse range of sectors. She has regularly served as board member of the firm's private equity-backed companies. Before co-founding Calculus Capital, Susan was Director and Head of Asian Equity Sales at Banco Santander. Prior to this, she gained over 12 years' experience in company analysis, flotations and private placements with Jardine Fleming in Hong Kong, Robert Fleming (London) and Peregrine Securities (UK) Limited. Susan has an MBA from the University of Arizona and a BSc from the University of Florida. Before entering the financial services industry, Susan worked for Conoco National Gas Products Division and with Abbott Laboratories Diagnostics Division.
Chief Executive
Details for John Glencross can be found on page 25.
Prior to joining Calculus, Julie was for seven years Head of Compliance and Finance at Neuron Advisers, a hedge fund manager. At Neuron Advisers, she had responsibility for all financial and regulatory activities of the business. Amongst her achievements, she was instrumental in structuring and launching a new macro systematic fund and had responsibility for liquidating another. Julie also set up a new management reporting system, managed restructuring of the group due to regulatory (AIFMD) changes, project managed the AIFMD transition (including application for variation of FCA permission) and registration with NFA/CFTC authorities. Prior to Neuron Advisers, she was Financial Controller at International Standard Asset Management, Compliance Manager and Financial Controller at Acadian Asset Management (UK) Ltd and worked in audit for Ernst & Young and PwC in their global offices in London, Sydney, Hanoi, and Vientiane. Julie qualified as a Chartered Certified Accountant with PwC and is a CFA charterholder. She holds a Bachelor of Economics from Hanoi Finance Academy and an MBA from Oxford University.
Richard joined Calculus Capital in 2013. Prior to this he was a director at Citigroup, and also previously worked at JP Morgan and Strata Technology Partners. Richard has over 15 years' corporate finance experience advising public and private corporations and financial sponsors on a range of M&A and capital raising transactions. Richard's role is to source and execute new deals, as well as managing some of the existing portfolio companies through to exit. Richard began his investment banking career in the UK midcap advisory team at Flemings (acquired by JPMorgan in 2000), working with companies across a broad a range of sectors. More recently Richard has specialized in advising companies in the technology industry. Richard has advised on a wide range of transactions including buyside and sell-side M&A mandates, public equity and debt offerings, private equity investments and leveraged buy outs in the UK, Europe, US and Asia. Richard began his career at KPMG where he qualified as a Chartered Accountant. He has a BA (Hons) in Politics and Economics from Durham University.
Alexander joined Calculus Capital in 2015, and has over 20 years' corporate finance experience, incorporating M&A, capital raising in both public and private markets, and other strategic advice. He spent ten years with Robert Fleming & Co, Evercore Partners and JP Morgan in London, New York and Johannesburg, where he advised the South Africa government on the hedge fund team of their incumbent telecoms operator. He was more recently a Managing Director at Pall Mall Capital. Alexander's role is to source and execute new deals, as well as managing some of the existing portfolio companies through to exit. Alexander has an MA in Mathematics from Cambridge University and qualified as a Chartered Accountant with KPMG.
Dominic joined Calculus Capital in 2019. Prior to this he was an Investment Director at Valtegra, a mid-market, private equity firm. Dominic's role is to monitor and manage the performance of Calculus's investee companies. He has over 21 years investment experience, including as an investment banker in both M&A execution and coverage across the industrials, transport, shipping and services sectors. He previously worked at HSBC, Nomura, KPMG, Citigroup and BDO LLP. Dominic has a Masters in Finance from London Business School, an MBA from SDA Bocconi Business School, Milan and a BA(Hons) in economics from the University of Manchester. He is also a Chartered Accountant having qualified with BDO LLP.
Elizabeth joined Calculus Capital in 2022 and has over 20 years' experience in Life Science investing. Elizabeth joined Calculus from Klein-Edmonds Associates, which she founded in 2015 to support and advise stakeholders in the UK's Life Sciences industry. Her career spans equity research and investment analysis, and her client base included – amongst others – Radnor Capital Partners, Grant Thornton, and the Bio-Industry Association. She has a BSc in Applied Biology, an MA in History of Medicine and an MBA. Elizabeth's role is to source and execute new deals, as well as advising a number of Calculus' portfolio companies.
Tim is a senior media executive with 20+ years of international leadership experience building and running creative companies in highly entrepreneurial environments. Tim is the former COO of Fifth Season, a \$1bn global film and tv studio based in LA. Prior to that, he held COO roles at Shine Group and Avalon and was a partner at UK media law firm Sheridans. Tim has sourced and closed 30+ M&A deals and helped create \$3bn+ of shareholder value across multiple global content business exits. Tim is currently the chairperson of production music business The Nerve and is also an experienced consultant helping CEOs, founders and creative entrepreneurs figure out how to find growth, financing and commercial returns for their businesses.
Aitian joined Calculus Capital in 2021. Prior to that she was a Senior Associate of Private Equity Investment at BOCOMI, which she joined in 2017. She has six years of corporate finance and equity investment experience and a large base of industry contacts. As an Investment Associate, Aitian's role is to source and execute new deals. Aitian began her career at PwC where she qualified as a Certified Public Accountant in China. She holds an MBA degree from Oxford University.
Arvind joined Calculus in 2022. Sitting within the Investment team, he works on all aspects on the investment process – from sourcing and investing in new investment opportunities to engaging with broader ecosystem of founders/advisors. Over the last decade he has held various strategic roles across operations & strategy, digital transformation, and business innovation in Fortune 500 corporates (Reliance and Fluor). Through these years, he has built a passion for technology and an understanding of range of sectors making him a great fit with Calculus as a generalist investor. He holds a Bachelor of Technology from Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), and an MBA from University of Cambridge Judge Business School where he focused on Finance and Entrepreneurship.
Smit joined Calculus in 2021 and works across the full investment lifecycle at Calculus Capital, from sourcing and evaluating new opportunities to supporting portfolio companies after investment. His focus spans software, healthcare, and media-driven technologies, where he works with founders at the early-stage to accelerate growth. Earlier in his career, Smit joined Zerodha, a fintech unicorn, where his sales role gave him first-hand experience driving customer engagement. He then moved to the research division of a leading investment bank, covering companies across global markets and sectors. He brings this blend of commercial insight and analytical rigor to his work, reinforced by completing the CFA Program
Sanskriti started working with Calculus in 2022 and assists the Investment team on a consultancy basis. Prior to that, she was working with HDFC Capital, sourcing and evaluating deals in the PropTech sector and collaborating with key stakeholders to ideate and innovate efficient solutions in the affordable housing sector. Her experience also includes working with a London based boutique M&A and Private Equity firm and the premier think tank of Government of India. Sanskriti holds a bachelor's in Economics (Hons) from Amity University.
The Company's audited investment portfolio at the date of this document includes the following investments (which represent more than 50 per cent of the Company's total NAV) :
| Investment | Sector | Structure | Cost £'000 | Value* £'000 | % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aberdeen Sterling Liquidity Fund | Money Markets | Equity | 3,107 | 3,107 | 7.1 |
| Goldman Sachs Liquidity Funds | Money Markets | Equity | 3,105 | 3,105 | 7.1 |
| Fidelity Sterling Liquidity Fund | Money Markets | Equity | 2,382 | 2,647 | 6.1 |
| Brouhaha Entertainment Limited | Media & Entertainment | Equity & Debt | 1,331 | 2,503 | 5.7 |
| Optalitix Limited | Technology | Equity | 1,347 | 2,362 | 5.4 |
| Home Team Content Limited | Media & Entertainment | Equity | 786 | 2,188 | 5.0 |
| Riff Raff Entertainment Limited | Media & Entertainment | Equity | 874 | 2,145 | 4.9 |
| IPV Limited | Technology | Equity & Debt | 1,330 | 1,896 | 4.3 |
| Rotageek Limited | Technology | Equity & Debt | 1,530 | 1,846 | 4.2 |
| Oxford BioTherapeutics Limited | Healthcare | Equity | 350 | 1,773 | 4.1 |
| Bookedit Limited | Technology | Equity | 1,570 | 1,570 | 3.6 |
| Fiscaltec Group Limited | Technology | Equity | 768 | 1,538 | 3.5 |
| Blu Wireless Technology Limited | Technology | Equity | 833 | 1,465 | 3.4 |
| Quai Administration Services Limited | Technology | Equity & Debt | 920 | 1,186 | 2.7 |
| Thanksbox Limited | Technology | Equity | 1,073 | 1,177 | 2.7 |
| Tozaro Limited | Healthcare | Equity | 982 | 1,078 | 2.5 |
| Laverock Therapeutic Limited | Healthcare | Equity | 1,069 | 1,069 | 2.4 |
| Maven Screen Media Limited | Media & Entertainment | Equity | 798 | 1,017 | 2.3 |
| Tagomics Limited | Healthcare | Equity | 909 | 1,000 | 2.3 |
| Censo Biotechnologies Limited | Healthcare | Equity | 1,051 | 998 | 2.3 |
| Notify Technology Limited | Technology | Equity | 860 | 963 | 2.2 |
| Raindog Films Limited | Media & Entertainment | Equity & Debt | 846 | 747 | 1.7 |
| Smartr365 Finance Limited | Technology | Equity | 743 | 743 | 1.7 |
| Wonderhood Limited | Media & Entertainment | Equity | 441 | 723 | 1.7 |
| Open Energy Market Limited | Technology | Equity | 200 | 704 | 1.6 |
| Wazoku Limited | Technology | Equity | 720 | 676 | 1.5 |
| Engaging Works Limited | Technology | Equity | 666 | 666 | 1.5 |
| C4X Discovery Holdings Limited | Healthcare | Equity | 599 | 625 | 1.4 |
| Arctic Shores Limited | Technology | Equity | 610 | 610 | 1.4 |
| Other** | N/A | Equity & Debt | 5,070 | 1,568 | 3.6 |
* as at 31 March 2025
**all investments whose value equates to less than 1% of gross assets
None of the Company's investments comprise assets admitted to trading on a regulated market and each portfolio company has substantive operations on the UK.
Set out in the table above are investments which had a value greater than 1% of the company's gross assets by value and the three liquidity funds. Investments are shown at the valuation in the Company's audited annual report and accounts as at 31 March 2025.
Since 31 March 2025, the Company made five investments, for an aggregate amount of £1.4 million: Laverock Therapeutics Limited, Riff Raff Entertainment Limited, Invizius Limited, Quai Administration Limited and Ensilicated Technologies Limited.
The company had multiple successful productions in 2024 and this looks set to continue with the production and development slate looking very strong.
The TV series, Boy Swallows Universe, was a huge success for Netflix in 2024 reaching number 2 in the UK and US, before going on to win multiple awards at the Logies and Australian Academy Awards. This success has led to further collaboration with Netflix, with more scripts commissioned for Lola in the Mirror following delivery of the pilot and full production expected to commence in 2026. Following the successful international theatrical releases of Lee and Firebrand, the former was successfully released by Sky in the UK and the latter was acquired by Amazon Prime in the UK.
Other projects nearing the end of production include Spa Weekend, starring Isla Fisher; Switzerland, starring Helen Mirren and scheduled to premiere at the Venice Film Festival; and Dangerous Animals, a horror starring Jai Courtney, with theatrical releases intended for 2025/26. Other feature films releasing soon include Long Days Journey into Night and Motel Destino.
OK Boomer is a feature film that has secured financing from Screen Australia and is currently seeking other financing partners with production scheduled for late 2025. Ambush is a bigger budget film with Brouhaha acting as a production services company, following the success of a similar arrangement on Spa Weekend. The company's development partnership with Anonymous Content is starting to bear fruit with some exciting TV projects in the pipeline.
Optalitix offers low-code SaaS products to insurers and financial institutions, transforming Excel-based processes into robust online systems.
Their three key products include Optalitix Models, a platform converting spreadsheets into scalable systems with governance features; Optalitix Quote, designed for insurers transitioning pricing to the cloud with end-to-end underwriting workflow; and Optalitix Originate, targeting the specialist lending market. In July 2024, Optalitix raised £2.2 million in an oversubscribed equity round, with funds managed by Calculus Capital investing £1 million. This funding has strengthened the company's position in the Insurtech market, refining their product to enable underwriters to transition underwriting processes more efficiently to the cloud.
The company secured several strategic wins in recent months. December 2024 saw Optalitix form a strategic collaboration with PwC to deliver enhanced implementation services for Optalitix Quote users.
In January 2025, Tokio Marine HCC International (TMHCCI), a globally recognised specialty insurer, selected the Optalitix platform for their underwriting and pricing operations. Further market validation came in February 2025 when Pool Re, the UK Government-backed terrorism reinsurer, announced that FORTRESS, its treaty and claims management system built on the Optalitix platform, had gone live. This high-profile implementation demonstrates the platform's capability to handle complex, mission-critical insurance operations.
For the year ended March 2025, Optalitix had grown Contracted Annual Recurring Revenue by nearly 50% and has a strong pipeline for future growth. These developments reflect the Company's successful execution of its growth strategy and increasing market adoption of its innovative solutions, positioning Optalitix for continued expansion in the insurance and financial services sectors.
Home Team is a UK-based film and television production company founded in 2021 by experienced and awardwinning producers Dominic Buchanan and Bennett McGhee.
The company is committed to championing underrepresented voices, with a particular focus on filmmakers of
colour and female filmmakers of all ethnicities. Home Team's first feature production, ISH—a coming-of age film was delivered in May 2025 and selected as part of the British Film Institute's (BFI) "GREAT 8" showcase at the 2025 Cannes Film Festival, which highlights emerging talent in the UK film industry.
A core strategic priority for Home Team over the coming year will be focussing on converting its current slate of film projects into realised revenue. This includes finalizing distribution deals, monetising ancillary rights, and maximising the value of existing partnerships to ensure efficient delivery-to-market of its most promising projects. By concentrating on project conversion and commercial execution, the company is positioning itself for sustained financial growth and long-term creative independence.
With the conclusion of its 'first look' TV deal with Universal International Studios (UIS) later this year, Home Team will focus its TV development efforts on the existing projects which have received development funding under that deal, while also exploring potential new partnerships in the TV space.
Riff Raff is a TV and film production company founded by Academy Award® nominated actor Jude Law and his creative partner Ben Jackson and run by experienced media executive Stephen Fuss. In August 2024, Riff Raff's true-crime thriller The Order premiered at the Venice Film Festival before being released on Amazon in early 2025. Black Rabbit, an ambitious eight-part drama series starring Jude Law, Jason Bateman (Ozark), who also directed, and Laura Linney, is currently in postproduction for Netflix and is scheduled to launch in Autumn 2025.
As a result of these successes and the profile they have brought, and following several years of brand-building, talent acquisition, and securing key development and financing partnerships, Riff Raff is now poised for a new phase of growth. The company is forecasting profitability for the first time in FY26, reflecting a robust pipeline of content, maturing production slates, and increasing demand for distinctive, talent-led storytelling in both TV and film.
Key upcoming projects include a timely geopolitical thriller TV series that has been acquired by a major streamer under a very attractive deal for the company and is slated to start production in Q2 2026. A film romcom project that is being positioned as a key title for the 2025 international film festival circuit. With a compelling script, highprofile cast, the film marks another significant milestone in Riff Raff's growing reputation as a producer of highend, auteur-driven content. The company is also in paid development with the BBC for their returning domestic detective series, Spy Mums.
Riff Raff holds a two-year 'first look' TV development deal with European studio TF1 Studios (fka Newen Studios), under which several projects are currently in development, including the geopolitical thriller acquired by the major streamer. The company is also in negotiation with a European financier for a 'first look' film deal.
IPV is a provider of media asset management software to the global broadcast, corporate and sports industries. IPV's proprietary software enables companies to access, store, modify, tag and transfer video content quickly and efficiently, significantly improving internal processes and creating more routes to market. IPV's products are designed to create a "Content Factory" experience for the users, streamlining the creative editorial process and the delivery of content to multiple platforms.
IPV has an established, blue chip customer base in the media and broadcast industry, including Turner, the BBC and Sky. IPV is well placed in a world that increasingly uses video to deliver key messages. The company's deep roots in the broadcast industry provides strong validation for its software. This has allowed IPV to win new, nonbroadcast customers such as Manchester United, Lockheed Martin, Blackstone and Condé Nast. 2024 was a challenging year for IPV: industry consolidation combined with the legacy of the 2023 media industry strikes led customers to prioritise cost reduction wherever possible. This resulted in delayed decision making from potential new customers and a higher level of churn than expected from existing clients. Despite these challenges the company's strong focus on delivering value for its customers resulted in another year of revenue growth, although at a slower rate than had been planned.
Following additional technology development, IPV's leading software, Curator, is now available on both the Microsoft Azure cloud platform and Amazon's AWS cloud marketplace. The ability of potential customers to buy Curator through these marketplaces and host the system on either the Azure or AWS cloud is expected to drive faster growth over the coming year. In order to support the company's working capital and ongoing technology development, the Calculus VCT invested £1m of new equity into IPV alongside other existing shareholders in March 2025.
Rotageek is a data-driven workforce scheduling company focusing on retail and similar businesses. Rotageek provides a workforce management solution, creating staff schedules using cloud-based technology to effectively manage and engage staff. Rotageek's proprietary solution assesses five years of historic business data before forecasting future customer demand to a 15-minute level, by location, staff skill or product. The SaaS solution engages with the customer's timesheet, leave management, and payroll solutions, allowing end-to-end optimisation. Evidence suggests that utilising Rotageek's dataoptimised staff schedules allows customers to reduce overtime spend, reduce schedule-related admin, improve staff engagement and flexibility, and improve staff retention.
The company is led by the co-founder, and current CEO, Dr Chris McCullough, who spent 16 years in the NHS and 8 years as an Emergency Medicine Physician, at several London based hospitals, including St Mary's Hospital. The difficulties of managing a shift-based, lean work force provided Chris with the motivation to establish Rotageek, alongside co-founders Nick Mann and Professor Roy Pounder. Rotageek has continued its growth trajectory, achieving nearly 50% growth in contracted Annual Recurring Revenue (ARR) over the past year.
This performance has been supported by strong customer satisfaction, demonstrated by a 98% gross retention rate, indicating minimal customer churn. Following strategic groundwork laid throughout 2024, the company launched an M&A exit process in January 2025, targeting 20 strategic players with whom relationships had been developed. The process generated interest, resulting in 22 signed NDAs and five formal offers. Following competitive process, ELMO, an Australian based HR tech strategic with US Venture Capital backing, was selected as preferred buyer and the process concluded with the sale of the business in May 2025 at a valuation of 6x contracted ARR, delivering a 1.6x return on Calculus equity investment.
OBT is a clinical stage oncology company focussed on first-in-class immune therapies. The company's research has a special emphasis on patients with solid tumours who respond poorly to PD-1 inhibitors. OBT's clinical and preclinical pipeline of novel immunotherapies includes internal programs, focused on Antibody Drug Conjugates and checkpoint regulators, and externally partnered programs with pharma companies such as Boehringer Ingelheim (BI), Roche and Zymeworks.
In addition to partnering with key oncology innovators and developing its own assets, OBT maintains the world's largest, proprietary, cancer specific membrane protein library, OGAP®. The OGAP® platform enables access to a wide range of targets which can be leveraged in external partnerships with leaders in the oncology space. In March 2024, OBT released the latest update to its OGAP® platform, OGAP-Verify. The updated platform generated considerable interest and directly led to a new partnership with Roche, announced in March 2025.
Under the new collaboration with Roche, OBT will receive upfront payments and will be eligible for future milestone payments, in addition to royalties.
OBT's revenues in the year to December 2024 fell to £13 million from £18 millioj in the prior year. This resulted from the end of the partnership with Immunogen (following Immunogen's acquisition by AbbVie) combined with delays in agreeing new partnerships after the launch of OGAPVerify.
OBT is currently in discussions with several pharma companies regarding new partnership agreements. We are very pleased with the progress of the company over recent years and look forward to the future development of both the internal and partnered programs.
Booked It is a B2B SaaS and payments company that provides booking, ticketing, payments, marketing, CRM and loyalty software in one hosted platform.
The company serves a number of different industries including family entertainment (soft play centres/waterparks), competitive socialising (bowling alleys/escape rooms), visitor attractions (museums/cinemas), events (nightclubs/festivals) and racecourses. Booked It is capitalising on a shift in consumers' behaviour as individuals increasingly choose experiences over material goods. A recent Barclays survey revealed that UK consumers spent £178 billion on experiences alone in the third quarter of 2024. This shift is expected to continue, with the social activity sector set for significant and sustained growth.
Consumers wishing to organise social activities expect a superior, intuitive, mobile-first booking experience. Booked It is uniquely positioned to provide this for its customers with its advanced, user-friendly digital platform that not only enhances the consumer experience but also maximises revenue opportunities and fosters long-term customer relationships through its powerful CRM and loyalty tools. Booked It's current clients include Lane7, The Cube, the Notting Hill Arts Club and Urban Playground.
In March 2025 the Calculus EIS and VCT funds (combined) invested £2.5 million into Booked It. The investment is intended to accelerate its growth and drive towards the Company's target of processing £1 billion in annual booking value for its clients.
Fiscaltec is a B2B software platform that protects the outgoing payments of medium-sized and large enterprises.
The company's AI based platform continuously monitors its customers' transactional and supplier data for fraud, errors and duplicates, alerting the finance team immediately of any issues. It allows accounts payable teams to act fast and correct errors before a payment is made, meaning that overpayments are prevented, discrepancies resolved and working capital protected. The company's NXG Forensics® enterprise solution provides continuous protection through transactional risk analysis, supplier risk profiling, anti-fraud controls and ongoing reporting.
Fiscaltec targets companies and organisations who typically have more than £100 million in annual revenues, current customers including BAE Systems, Kent County Council, KFC and Mitchells & Butler. In the 12 months to November 2024 Fiscaltec grew revenues by 17% to £7.5m and delivered an operating profit of £676k. The company continues to perform well and is expected to deliver further growth and margin expansion in the year to November 2025. The company's SaaS business model creates significant operating leverage, meaning that margins should increase significantly over the coming years. Calculus is in discussions with management regarding a possible exit from the investment during 2026.
Blu Wireless develops IP to enable high speed, low latency wireless data transfer.
The company focuses on providing reliable connectivity for high-speed transport, perimeter security, and secure vehicle-to-vehicle applications in defence and security sectors. Their mmWave technology delivers robust, highbandwidth solutions where traditional connectivity methods face limitations.
In June 2024, external and internal investors completed a £5 million equity round led by Westermo, an industrial communications provider specialising in rail industry solutions. This round included conversion of significant convertible loan notes into equity, including those owned by the company, which had otherwise been due for repaid with significant premia in December 2024. Early 2025 marked a turning point for Blu Wireless, particularly in defence. Q1 saw the company secure a multimillion dollar contract to supply mmWave communication devices for a US Army program. This validates their technology and positions them for potential follow-on defence orders, representing substantial growth opportunities.
Leadership transition has been key in 2025, with CEO Alan Jones and CFO Jon Oates stepping down after successfully navigating recent challenges. Anthony Murray, formerly CEO of McLaren Applied (focused on motorsport, automotive and public transport technology), was appointed CEO. Ady Moores joins as CFO, bringing relevant experience from his former role as CEO of Indra Renewable Technologies.
A recent highlight includes Blu Wireless's collaboration with Nomad Digital and Alstom on California's Caltrain project. Field tests demonstrated connectivity speeds exceeding 380 Mbps for moving trains—a significant advancement in rail connectivity.
While the rail market faces challenges from worldwide delays in capital projects, the company's 2024 restructuring combined with progress in rail and defence sectors has created a foundation for recovery. With new leadership and strategic contract wins, Blu Wireless is positioned to capitalise on emerging opportunities.
Audited financial information on the Company is published in its annual reports for the last three financial years as set out below. The Company's auditors for the year ended 31 March 2025 were MHA Audit Services LLP ("MHA") and, for the period ended 31 March 2024 were Moore Kingston Smith LLP. All existing and previous auditors are authorised and regulated by the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales ("ICAEW"). All auditors made unqualified reports under section 495 of the 2006 Act for each of these financial years, and such reports did not contain any statements under section 498(2) or (3) of the 2006 Act. The Company's auditors, as of 10 March 2025, are MHA, an ICAEW member firm whose registered office is at The Pinnacle, 150 Midsummer Boulevard, Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire, MK9 1LZ. The Board and the Shareholders of the Company have each approved the appointment of MHA as the Company's auditor for the financial year ending 31 March 2026 and MHA'sreappointment for the financial year ending 31 March 2027 will be subject to approval by Shareholders at the next annual general meeting of the Company to be held in 2026.
The annual reports referred to above were all prepared, and the annual reports for the Company's next financial year will be prepared, under FRS 102 in accordance with UK generally accepted accounting practice (GAAP) and in accordance with the Statement of Recommended Practice (SORP) for Investment Trust Companies and Venture Capital Trusts produced by the Association of Investment Companies (AIC).
The Company's annual reports contain a description of the Company's financial condition, changes in financial condition and results of operations for each relevant year and those sections of the annual reports detailed below, which are incorporated by reference into this document, can be accessed at the Calculus website (https://www.calculuscapital.com/calculus-vct/) and are available for inspection through the national storage mechanism, which can be accessed at https://data.fca.org.uk/#/nsm/nationalstoragemechanism.
Where these documents refer to other documents, such other documents, and the Calculus website itself, are not incorporated into and do not form part of this Prospectus. Those parts of the annual statutory accounts referred to above which are not being incorporated into this document by reference are either not relevant for Investors or are covered elsewhere in this Prospectus.
A4 8.1
A4 8.2 A3 11.6.1
| Description | Audited year end to | Audited period end |
|---|---|---|
| 31 March 2025 | to 31 March 2024 | |
| Statement of Financial Position | page 71 | page 75 |
| Income Statement (or equivalent) | page 70 | page 72 |
| Statement showing changes in | pages 72 – 73 | pages 73 – 74 |
| equity (or equivalent) | ||
| Statement of cash flows | page 74 | page 76 |
| Accounting policies and notes | pages 75 – 89 | pages 77 – 91 |
| Auditors' report | pages 62 – 69 | pages 62 – 71 |
This information has been prepared in a form consistent with that which will be adopted in the Company's next published annual financial statements having regard to accounting standards and policies and legislation applicable to those financial statements.
A description of the changes in the performance of the Company, both capital and revenue, and changes to the Company's portfolio of investments is set out in the sections headed "Chairman's Statement", "Manager's Report" and "Portfolio Summary" in the published audited statutory accounts of the Company for the periods stated.
The reports also include operating/financial reviews as follows:
| Description | Audited year end to | Audited period end to |
|---|---|---|
| 31 March 2025 | 31 March 2024 | |
| Objectives | Inside front cover | Inside front cover |
| Financial highlights | page 4 | page 4 |
| Chairman's statement | pages 6 – 8 | pages 6 – 8 |
| Manager's report/review | pages 9 – 17 | pages 9 – 17 |
| Portfolio Summary | page 18 – 29 | page 18 – 29 |
| Investment Policy | page 30 | page 30 |
In the opinion of the Company its working capital is sufficient for the Company's present requirements, being at least 12 months from the date of this document.
The Offer will have a positive impact on the net assets of the Company by increasing its net assets by the same amount as the net funds raised and is expected to have a positive impact on earnings once new money raised is fully invested.
As at 31 July 2025, the Company has incurred no indebtedness, whether guaranteed, unguaranteed, secured, unsecured, indirect or contingent. The Company has the power to borrow, details of which are set out on page 47, although the Directors have no present intention of utilising this power.
The capitalisation of the Company as at 31 July 2025 was as follows:
| Shareholders' Equity | £'000 |
|---|---|
| Called up share capital | 814 |
| Share premium | 35,219 |
| Special reserve | 10,097 |
| Capital redemption reserve | 124 |
| Capital reserve – realised | (3,509) |
| Capital reserve – unrealised | 6,743 |
| Revenue reserve | (1,497) |
| Total | 47,991 |
There has been no material change to the Company's capitalisation or indebtedness since 31 July 2025.
The objects of the Company are not limited by any provisions of the Memorandum or the Articles of the Company.
The Company's Articles currently contain provisions, inter alia, to the following effect:
Subject to any special terms as to voting on which any shares may be issued, on a show of hands, every member present in person or by proxy (or being a corporation, represented by an authorised representative) shall have one vote and on a poll every member who is present in person or by proxy shall have one vote for every share of which they are the holder. The Ordinary Shares shall rank pari passu as to rights to attend and vote at any general meeting of the Company.
The Ordinary Shareholders shall be entitled to receive, in that capacity, any dividends paid out of the net income derived from the Company's assets attributable to the Ordinary Shares.
The capital and assets of the Company shall on a winding up or on a return of capital shall be divided amongst the holders of the Ordinary Shares pro rata according to their holdings of Ordinary Shares.
The Company may issue shares which are liable to be redeemed on such terms and conditions as the Board may determine. The Ordinary Shares are not redeemable.
The Ordinary Shares issued under the Offer are not convertible.
Shareholders shall have the right to receive notice of, attend and vote at all general meetings.
If any Shareholder, or any other person appearing to the Directors to be interested in any shares in the capital of the Company held by such Shareholder, has been duly served with a notice under section 793 of the CA 2006 and is in default for a period of 14 days from the date of service of the notice in supplying to the Company the information thereby required, then the Company may (at the absolute discretion of the Directors) at any time thereafter by notice (a ''restriction notice'') to such shareholder direct that, in respect of the shares in relation to which the default occurred and any other shares held at the date of the restriction notice by the shareholder, or such of them as the Directors may determine from time to time (the ''restricted shares'' which expression shall include any further shares which are issued in respect of any restricted shares), the shareholder shall not, nor shall any transferee to which any of such shares are transferred other than pursuant to a permitted transfer, be entitled to be present or to vote on any question, either in person or by proxy, at any general meeting of the Company or separate general meeting of the holders of any class of shares of the Company, or to be reckoned in a quorum.
Where the restricted shares represent at least 0.25% in nominal value of the issued shares of the same class as the restricted shares (excluding any shares of that class held as treasury shares) the restriction notice may in addition direct, inter alia, that any dividend or other money which would otherwise be payable on the restricted shares shall be retained by the Company without liability to pay interest; any election by such member to receive shares instead of cash in respect of any dividends on such restricted shares will not be effective; and no transfer of any of the shares held by the Shareholder shall be registered unless the Shareholder is not themselves in default in supplying the information requested and the transfer is part only of the member's holding and is accompanied by a certificate given by the member in a form satisfactory to the Directors to the effect that after due and careful enquiry the member is satisfied that none of the shares which are the subject of the transfer are restricted shares.
The Board shall be entitled to make calls for the sums, if any, remaining unpaid on any shares, subject to the terms of allotment of such shares. If any call remains unpaid then the Board may, after giving not less than 14 clear days' notice, forfeit such share and sell or transfer such forfeited shares on such terms as the Board may determine.
The Board shall convene annual general meetings and may convene other general meetings whenever it thinks fit. A general meeting shall also be convened on such requisition or in default may be convened by such requisitionists as provided by the CA 2006. At any meeting convened on such requisition or by such requisitionists no business shall be transacted except that stated by the requisition or proposed by the Board. If there are not within the UK sufficient members of the Board to convene a general meeting, any Director may call a general meeting. The Board may make arrangements to ensure the orderly conduct of general meetings and to preserve the security of attendees.
General meetings shall be convened by the minimum period of notice required by the CA 2006. Every notice convening a general meeting shall specify:
The accidental omission to send a notice of meeting or, in cases where it is intended that it be sent out with the notice, an instrument of proxy or any other document, to, or the non-receipt of either by, any person entitled to receive the same shall not invalidate the proceedings at that meeting.
No business shall be transacted at any general meeting unless a quorum is present when the meeting proceeds to business but the absence of a quorum shall not preclude the choice or appointment of a chairman which shall not be treated as part of the business of the Meeting. Two persons entitled to attend and to vote on the business to be transacted, each being a member present in person or a proxy for a member or a duly authorised representative of a corporation which is a member, shall be a quorum.
If within 15 minutes (or such longer interval as the Chairman in their absolute discretion thinks fit) from the time appointed for the holding of a general meeting a quorum is not present, or if during a meeting such a quorum ceases to be present, the meeting, if convened on the requisition of members, shall be dissolved. In any other case, the meeting shall stand adjourned to the same day in the next week at the same time and place, or to such other day and at such time and place as the Chairman (or, in default, the Board) may determine, being not less than 10 clear days thereafter. If, at such adjourned meeting, a quorum is not present within 15 minutes from the time appointed for holding the meeting one member present in person or by proxy or (being a corporation) by a duly authorised representative shall be a quorum. If no such quorum is present or if during the adjourned meeting a quorum ceases to be present, the adjourned meeting shall be dissolved.
At any general meeting a resolution put to a vote of the meeting shall be decided on a show of hands unless (before or immediately after the declaration of the result of the show of hands or on the withdrawal of any other demand for a poll) a poll is duly demanded. Subject to the provisions of the CA 2006, a poll may be demanded by:
Subject to the provisions of the CA 2006 and to any special terms as to voting on which any shares may have been issued or may for the time being be held and to any suspension or abrogation of voting rights pursuant to the Articles, at any general meeting every member who (being an individual) is present in person or by proxy or (being a corporation) is present by a duly authorised representative, not being themselves a member entitled to vote, shall on a show of hands have one vote and on a poll shall have one vote for each share of which they are the holder.
Subject to the provisions of the CA 2006, if at any time the share capital of the Company is divided into shares of different classes any of the rights for the time being attached to any share or class of shares in the Company (and notwithstanding that the Company may be or be about to be in liquidation) may (unless otherwise provided by the terms of issue of the shares of that class) be varied or abrogated in such manner (if any) as may be provided by such rights or, in the absence of any such provision, either with the consent in writing of the holders of not less than three quarters in nominal value of the issued shares of the class or with the sanction of a special resolution passed at a separate general meeting of the holders of shares of the class duly convened and held as provided in these Articles (but not otherwise).
All the provisions in the Articles as to general meetings shall mutatis mutandis apply to every meeting of the holders of any class of shares save that the quorum at every such meeting shall be not less than two persons holding or representing by proxy at least one-third of the nominal amount paid up on the issued shares of the class; every holder of shares of the class present in person or by proxy may demand a poll; each such holder shall on a poll be entitled to one vote for every share of the class held by them; and if at any adjourned meeting of such holders, such quorum as aforesaid is not present, not less than one person holding shares of the class who is present in person or by proxy shall be a quorum.
The Company in general meeting may from time to time by ordinary resolution:
deferred or other special rights or be subject to any such restrictions as the Company has power to attach to unissued or new shares but so that the proportion between the amount paid up and the amount (if any) not paid up on each reduced share shall be the same as it was in the case of the share from which the reduced share is derived.
Except as may be provided by any procedures implemented for shares held in uncertificated form, each member may transfer all or any of their shares by instrument of transfer in writing in any usual form or in any form approved by the Board. Such instrument shall be executed by or on behalf of the transferor and (in the case of a transfer of a share which is not fully paid up) by or on behalf of the transferee. The transferor shall be deemed to remain the holder of such share until the name of the transferee is entered in the Register in respect of it.
The Board may in its absolute discretion refuse to register any share transfer (as to which it shall provide reasons) unless:
Subject to the provisions of the CA 2006 and of the Articles, the Company may by ordinary resolution declare that, out of profits available for distribution, dividends be paid to members according to their respective rights and interests in the profits of the Company available for distribution. However, no dividend shall exceed the amount recommended by the Board.
Except as otherwise provided by the rights attached to shares, all dividends shall be declared and paid according to the amounts paid up (otherwise than in advance of calls) on the shares on which the dividend is paid. Subject as aforesaid, all dividends shall be apportioned and paid pro rata according to the amounts paid up or credited as paid up on the shares during any portion or portions of the period in respect of which the dividend is paid but if any share is issued on terms providing that it shall rank for dividend as from a particular date or be entitled to dividends declared after a particular date it shall rank for or be entitled to dividends accordingly.
All dividends and interest shall be paid (subject to any lien of the Company) to those members whose names shall be on the register at the date at which such dividend shall be declared or at the date at which such interest shall be payable respectively, or at such other date as the Company by ordinary resolution or the Board may determine, notwithstanding any subsequent transfer or transmission of shares.
The Board may pay the dividends or interest payable on shares in respect of which any person is by transmission entitled to be registered as holder to such person upon production of such certificate and evidence as would be required if such person desired to be registered as a member in respect of such shares.
Subject as provided in the Articles, the Board may exercise all the powers of the Company to borrow money and to mortgage or charge all or any part of the undertaking, property and assets (present or future) and uncalled capital of the Company and, subject to the provisions of the CA 2006, to issue debentures and other securities whether outright or as collateral security for any debt, liability or obligation of the Company or of any third party.
The Board shall restrict the borrowings of the Company and exercise all voting and other rights and powers of control exercisable by the Company in respect of its subsidiaries so as to procure (as regards its subsidiaries in so far as it can procure by such exercise) that the aggregate principal amount at any one time outstanding in respect of net moneys borrowed by the Group (exclusive of moneys borrowed by one Group (being the Company and its subsidiaries from time to time) company from another and after deducting cash deposited) shall not at any time without the previous sanction of an ordinary resolution of the Company exceed an amount equal to 25% of the value of the gross assets of the Company.
For these purposes only:
but do not include:
the value of any money market instruments (valued as referred to in paragraph (a));
A report or certificate of the auditors of the Company as to the amount of gross assets of the Company or the amount of moneys borrowed falling to be taken into account for the purposes of this article or to the effect that the limit imposed by this article has not been or will not be exceeded at any particular time or times or as a result of any particular transaction or transactions shall be conclusive evidence of the amount or of that fact the Directors may at any time act in reliance on a bona fide estimate of the amount of the gross assets of the Company and if in consequence the limit set out in the Articles is inadvertently exceeded, an amount borrowed equal to the excess may be disregarded until the expiration of three months after the date on which by reason of a determination of the auditors or otherwise the Directors become aware that such a situation has or may have arisen.
No debt incurred or security given in respect of moneys borrowed in excess of the limit imposed by the Articles shall be invalid or ineffectual except in the case of express notice to the lender or recipient of the security at the time when the debt was incurred or security given that the limit had been or would thereby be exceeded but no lender or other person dealing with the Company shall be concerned to see or enquire whether such limit is observed.
Unless otherwise determined by the Company the maximum number of directors shall be 10 and the minimum shall be two. The quorum for meetings of the Board shall be two and the Chairman shall have a second or casting vote on a tie.
The Directors shall be entitled to be paid fees for their services as Directors in such sums as the Board may determine from time to time but not exceeding £100,000 (or such larger amount as the Company may determine) per annum.
Each Director may appoint as an alternate Director either another Director or a person approved by the Board and to terminate such appointment.
As per the terms of their appointment, Directors shall retire at the first Annual General Meeting after their appointment. A retiring Director shall be eligible for re-appointment. A Director retiring at a meeting shall, if they are not re-appointed at such meeting, retain office until the meeting appoints someone in their place, or if it does not do so, until the conclusion of such meeting.
The Board may, provided the quorum and voting requirements set out below are satisfied, authorise any matter that would otherwise involve a Director breaching their duty under CA 2006 to avoid conflicts of interest except that the Director concerned and any other Director with a similar interest:
Where the Board gives authority in relation to such a conflict:
Directors are obliged to declare any material interest which they may have in any transaction or arrangement involving the Company. Such directors shall not vote or be counted in the quorum in relation to any resolution to any transaction or arrangement in which they are to their knowledge materially interested save that a Director shall (in the absence of some other material interest than is indicated below) be entitled to vote (and be counted in the quorum) in respect of any resolution concerning any of the following matters, namely:
If any question shall arise at any meeting as to an interest or as to the entitlement of any Director to vote such question shall be referred to the chairman of the meeting whose ruling in relation to any Director other than themselves shall be final and conclusive except in a case where the nature or extent of the interests of the Director concerned have not been fairly disclosed.
Subject to the provisions of CA 2006 and further provided that a Director declares their interest, a Director, notwithstanding their office:
The Company shall be entitled to sell at the best price reasonably obtainable any share of a member or any share to which a person is entitled by transmission if and provided that:
To give effect to any sale of shares pursuant to this article the Board may authorise some person to transfer the shares in question and may enter the name of the transferee in respect of the transferred shares in the register notwithstanding the absence of any share certificate being lodged in respect of it and may issue a new certificate to the transferee. An instrument of transfer executed by that person shall be as effective as if it had been executed by the holder of, or the person entitled by transmission to, the shares. The purchaser shall not be bound to see to the application of the purchase moneys nor shall their title to the shares be affected by any irregularity or invalidity in the proceedings relating to the sale.
At any time when the Company has given notice in the prescribed form (which has not been revoked) to the registrar of companies of its intention to carry on business as an investment company (a ''Relevant Period'') distribution of the Company's capital profits (within the meaning of section 833 of the CA 2006) shall be prohibited. The Board shall establish a reserve to be called the capital reserve. During a Relevant Period, all surpluses arising from the realisation or revaluation of investments and all other monies realisation on or derived from the realisation, payment off of or other dealing with any capital asset in excess of the book value thereof and all other monies which are considered by the Board to be in the nature of accretion to capital shall be credited to the capital reserve.
Subject to the CA 2006, the Board may determine whether any amount received by the Company is to be dealt with as income or capital or partly one way and partly the other. During a Relevant Period, any loss realisation on the realisation or payment off of or other dealing with any investments or other capital assets and, subject to the CA 2006, any expenses, loss or liability (or provision thereof) which the Board considers to relate to a capital item or which the Board otherwise considers appropriate to be debited to the capital reserve shall be carried to the debit of the capital reserve. During a Relevant Period, all sums carried and standing to the credit of the capital reserve may be applied for any of the purposes for which sums standing to any revenue reserve are applicable except and provided that notwithstanding any other provision of the Articles during a Relevant Period no part of the capital reserve or any other money in the nature of accretion to capital shall be transferred to the revenue reserves of the Company or be regarded or treated as profits of the Company available for distribution or be applied in paying dividends on any shares in the Company. In periods other than a Relevant Period any amount standing to the credit of the capital reserve may be transferred to the revenue reserves of the Company or be regarded or treated as profits of the Company available for distribution or be applied in paying dividends on any shares in the Company.
A special resolution sanctioning a transfer or sale to another company duly passed pursuant to section 110, Insolvency Act 1986 may in the like manner authorise the distribution of any shares or other consideration receivable by the liquidator among the members otherwise than in accordance with their existing rights and any such determination shall be binding on all the members, subject to the right of dissent and consequential rights conferred by the said section.
In order for the future of the Company to be considered by the members, the Board shall at the annual general meeting of the Company falling after the tenth anniversary of the last allotment of shares in the Company and thereafter at five yearly intervals, invite the members to consider whether the Company should continue as a venture capital trust and if such resolution is not carried the Board shall within nine months of that meeting convene a general meeting to propose:
The Board may make such arrangements as it sees fit, subject to the CA 2006, to deal with the transfer, allotment and holding of shares in uncertificated form and related issues.
The Company shall indemnify the Directors to the extent permitted by law and may take out and will maintain insurance for the benefit of the Directors.
The following paragraphs apply to the Company and to persons holding Shares as an investment who are the absolute beneficial owners of such Shares and are resident in the UK. They may not apply to certain classes of persons, such as dealers in securities. The following information is based on current UK law and practice, is subject to changes therein, is given by way of general summary and does not constitute legal or tax advice.
If you are in any doubt about your position, or if you may be subject to a tax in a jurisdiction other than the UK, you should consult your independent financial adviser.
The tax reliefs set out below are available to individuals aged 18 or over who subscribe for Shares under the Offer.
An investor subscribing up to £200,000 in the 2025/26 and/or 2026/27 tax years for qualifying shares in a VCT will be entitled to claim income tax relief, at the rate of 30%, although this relief will be withdrawn if either the shares are sold within five years or the investor takes out a loan which would not have been made, or would not have been made on the same terms, save for the acquisition of such shares. If an investor has sold, or if they sell, any shares in that VCT within six months either side of their subscription for such shares, then for the purposes of calculating income tax relief on the shares subscribed for, the subscribed amount must be reduced by the amount received from the sale. Relief is also restricted to the amount which reduces the investor's income tax liability to nil.
An investor who subscribes for or acquires qualifying shares in a VCT (up to a maximum of £200,000 in each of the 2025/26 and 2026/27 tax years) will not be liable for UK income tax on dividends paid by the VCT. The income received by the VCT will usually constitute either interest (on which the VCT may be subject to tax) or a dividend from a UK company (on which the VCT would not be subject to tax). The VCT's income, reduced by the payment of tax (if applicable), can then be distributed tax-free to Investors who benefit from this dividend relief. There is no withholding tax on dividends paid by a UK company and, consequently, the Company does not assume responsibility for the withholding of tax at source.
A disposal by an individual investor of his/her shares in a VCT will neither give rise to a chargeable gain nor an allowable loss for the purposes of UK capital gains tax. This relief is also limited to disposals of shares acquired within the £200,000 annual limit described above.
would be exempt.
If an investor dies at any time after making an investment in a VCT, the transfer of shares on death is not treated as a disposal and, therefore, the initial income tax relief is not withdrawn. However, the shares will become part of the deceased's estate for inheritance tax purposes.
Provided a number of conditions are met, the beneficiary of any VCT shares will be entitled to tax-free dividends and will not pay capital gains tax on any disposal, but will not be entitled to any initial income tax relief.
Transfers of shares in a VCT between spouses is not deemed to be a disposal and, therefore, all tax reliefs will be retained.
As a VCT, the Company is exempt from corporation tax on chargeable gains. There is no restriction on the distribution of realised capital gains by a VCT, subject to the requirements of company law. The Company will be subject to corporation tax on its income (excluding dividends received from UK companies) after deduction of attributable expenses.
To qualify as a VCT, a company must be approved as such by HMRC. To obtain such approval it must:
A qualifying investment consists of shares or securities first issued to the VCT (and held by it ever since) by a company satisfying the conditions set out in Chapter 3 and 4 of Part 6 of the ITA 2007 (a "Qualifying Company").
The conditions are detailed but include that the company must:
In certain circumstances, an investment in a company by a VCT can be split into a part which is a qualifying holding and a part which is a non-qualifying holding. VCT investments in companies carrying on business in joint venture are limited to £1 million in any rolling 12-month period in aggregate across the companies which are party to the joint venture.
A VCT must be approved at all times by HMRC. Approval has effect from the time specified in the approval.
A VCT cannot be approved unless the tests detailed above are met throughout the most recent complete accounting period of the VCT and HMRC is satisfied that they will be met in relation to the accounting period of the VCT which is current when the application is made. However, where a VCT raises further funds, grace periods to invest those funds before such funds need to meet such tests are given.
However, to aid the launch of a VCT, HMRC may give provisional approval if satisfied that conditions (b), (c), (f) and (g) in section 'Qualification as a VCT' above will be met throughout the current or subsequent accounting period and condition (d) in section 'Qualification as a VCT' above will be met in relation to an accounting period commencing no later than three years after the date of provisional approval. The Company has received HMRC provisional approval as a VCT.
Approval of a VCT (full or provisional) may be withdrawn by HMRC if the various tests set out above are not
satisfied. The exemption from corporation tax on capital gains will not apply to any gain realised after the point at which VCT status is lost.
Withdrawal of full approval generally has effect from the time when notice is given to the VCT but, in relation to capital gains of the VCT only, can be backdated to not earlier than the first day of the accounting period commencing immediately after the last accounting period of the VCT in which all of the tests were satisfied.
Withdrawal of provisional approval has the effect as if provisional approval had never been given (including the requirement to pay corporation tax on prior gains).
Breaches of the age restriction, no business acquisition condition, non-qualifying holdings condition and the investment limit condition mentioned above can each have the effect that VCT approval is withdrawn.
Non-resident Investors, or Investors who may become non-resident, should seek their own professional advice as to the consequences of making an investment in a VCT, because they may be subject to tax in other jurisdictions.
No stamp duty or (unless shares in a VCT are issued to a nominee for a clearing system or a provider of depository receipts) stamp duty reserve tax will be payable on the issue of VCT shares. The transfer on the sale of shares would normally be subject to ad valorem stamp duty or (if an unconditional agreement to transfer such shares is not completed by a duly stamped transfer within two months) stamp duty reserve tax generally, in each case at the rate of 50p for every £100 or part of £100 of the consideration paid where the total consideration exceeds £1,000 or if it forms part of a series of transactions where the total consideration exceeds £1,000. Such duties would be payable by a person who purchases such shares from the original subscriber.
Any subsequent purchaser of existing VCT shares, as opposed to a subscriber for new VCT shares, will not qualify for income tax relief on investment but may benefit from dividend relief and from capital gains tax relief on the disposal of his/her VCT shares.
Under the VCT Regulations, monies raised by any further issue of shares by an existing VCT are subject to a grace period of three years before they must be applied in making investments which meet the VCT qualifying thresholds although this grace period is modified in respect of monies raised after 6 April 2018, 30% of which must be invested within 12 months of the end of accounting period in which they were raised. However, to the extent any of the money raised (save for an insignificant amount in the context of the whole issued ordinary share capital of the VCT) is used by the VCT to purchase its own shares then this grace period shall not apply.
The above is only a summary of the tax position of individual Investors in VCTs and is based on the Company's understanding of current law and practice. Investors are recommended to consult a professional adviser as to the taxation consequences of their investing in a VCT. All tax reliefs referred to in this document are UK tax reliefs and are dependent on the Company maintaining its VCT qualifying status. The tax legislation of the investor's home country and of the Company's country of incorporation may have an impact on the income received from the securities.
2.1 As at 1 April 2022, the date from which the financial information set out in Part 3 has been prepared, 46,719,766 Ordinary Shares were in issue. The number of Ordinary Shares in issue as at 2 October 2025 (the latest practicable day before date of this Prospectus) was 85,533,777.
THAT, in addition to existing authorities, the Directors be and hereby are generally and unconditionally authorised in accordance with section 551 of the Companies Act 2006 (the "Act") to exercise all powers of the Company to allot shares in the Company and to grant rights to subscribe for, or convert any security into, shares in the Company; in respect of the Ordinary shares of 1p each in the capital of the Company ("Ordinary shares"), with an aggregate nominal value of up to but not exceeding £200,000 pursuant to one or more public offers for subscription and where the proceeds may be used in whole or part to purchase shares in the capital of the Company, such authority to expire on the conclusion of the Annual General Meeting to be held in 2026 save that the Company shall be entitled to make offers or agreements before the expiry of such authority which would or might require shares to be allotted and issued after such expiry and the Directors shall be entitled to allot shares pursuant to any such offer or agreement as if this authority had not expired.
THAT, in addition to all other existing authorities, the Directors be and are generally and unconditionally authorised in accordance with section 570 of the Act to allot equity securities (within the meaning of section 560 of the Act) for cash pursuant to the authority conferred by Resolution 11 above as if section 561(1) of the Act did not apply to any such allotment, provided that this power shall expire on the conclusion of the Annual General Meeting of the Company to be held in 2026.
capital is proposed to be issued, no commission, discount, brokerage or other special terms have been granted by the Company in connection with the issue or sale of any share or loan capital and no share or loan capital of the Company is under option or is agreed conditionally or unconditionally to be put under option. No shares of the Company represent anything other than capital, there are no convertible securities, exchangeable securities or securities with warrants attached to them currently in issue by the Company. No Shares in the Company are held by or on behalf of the Company.
Annual running costs include, inter alia, Directors' fees, fund administration fees, fees for audit, taxation and legal advice, registrar's fees, costs of communicating with Shareholders and annual trail set out below).
Assuming full subscription under the Offer (including the over-allotment facility), the Board estimates that the annual running costs of the Company will be approximately 2.5% (excluding annual trail commission) of its net assets (excluding irrecoverable VAT) in the first accounting period (calculated on an annualised basis.
internal audit function is renewed annually by the Board.
Set out below is a summary of all contracts (not being contracts entered into in the ordinary course of business) entered into by the Company since incorporation that are material and all other contracts (not being contracts entered into in the ordinary course of business) that contain any provision under which the Company has an obligation or entitlement which is material to the Company as at the date of this document.
5.1 There has been no significant change in the financial position or financial performance of the Company
which has occurred since 31 March 2025, being the Company's financial year end and the date of the most recent audited financial report and accounts of the Company.
As at (x) October 2025 (being the latest practicable date prior to publication of this document), no Shareholder had a holding of 3.0% of more of the Company's issued Shares. Under UK law, a holding of 3.0% or more must be notified to the Company.
No shareholders have different voting rights. To the best of the knowledge and belief of the Directors, the Company is not directly controlled by any other party and at the date of the Prospectus, there are no arrangements in place that may, at a subsequent date, result in a change of control of the Company.
The Directors recognise the importance of maintaining regular communications with Shareholders. Calculus Capital will accordingly publish information on new investments and the progress of companies within the Company's portfolio from time to time.
| Year end | 31 March |
|---|---|
| Announcement and publication of annual report and accounts to Shareholders | July |
| Half year | 30 September |
| Announcement and publication of interim results | November |
The securities being issued pursuant to the Offer are ordinary shares of one penny each (ISIN: GB00BYQPF348).
Shareholders will be entitled to receive certificates in respect of their Shares and the Shares will also be eligible for electronic settlement.
Copies of the following documents will be available for inspection during usual business hours on weekdays at the Company's registered office and available for download on the Calculus Capital website www.calculuscapital.com/calculus-vct
1. The contract created by the acceptance of applications in the manner herein set out will be conditional upon the Admission of the Offer Shares to the Official List of the FCA and to trading on the London Stock Exchange's main market for listed securities unless otherwise so resolved by the Board. If any application is not accepted or if any application is accepted for fewer Offer Shares than the number applied for, or if there is a surplus of funds from the application amount, the application monies or the balance of the amount paid on application will be returned without interest by post at the risk of the applicant. In the meantime, application monies will be retained by the Company in a separate application account.
2. The Company reserves the right to present all cheques and banker's drafts for payment on receipt and to retain documents of title and surplus application monies pending clearance of the successful applicants' cheques and banker's drafts.
3. By completing and delivering an Application Form, you (as the applicant):
(a) irrevocably offer to subscribe for the amount of money specified in your Application Form which will be applied to purchase Offer Shares, subject to the provisions of (i) the Prospectus, (ii) these Terms and Conditions and (iii) the Memorandum and Articles; and (iv) any document mentioned in paragraph (h) below;
(b) authorise the Company's Registrars to send definitive documents of title for the number of Offer Shares for which your application is accepted and to procure that your name is placed on the registers of members of the Company in respect of such Offer Shares and authorise the Receiving Agent to send you a crossed cheque for any monies returnable, by post to your address as set out in your Application Form;
(c) agree, in consideration of the Company agreeing that it will not, prior to the closing date of the Offer, offer any Offer Shares to any persons other than by means of the procedures set out or referred to in the Prospectus, that your application may not be revoked until the closing date of the Offer, and that this paragraph constitutes a collateral contract between you and the Company which will become binding upon dispatch by post or delivery by hand of your Application Form duly completed to the Receiving Agent;
(d) understand that your cheque or banker's draft will be presented for payment on receipt, and agree and warrant that it will be honoured on first presentation and agree that, if it is not so honoured, you will not be entitled to receive certificates for the Offer Shares applied for or to enjoy or receive any rights or distributions in respect of such Offer Shares unless and until you make payment in cleared funds for such Offer Shares and such payment is accepted by the Company (which acceptance shall be in its absolute discretion and may be on the basis that you indemnify it against all costs, damages, losses, expenses and liabilities arising out of or in connection with the failure of your remittance to be honoured on first presentation) and that at any time prior to unconditional acceptance by the Company of such late payment in respect of such Offer Shares, the Company may (without prejudice to its other rights) treat the agreement to allot such Offer Shares as void and may allot such Offer Shares to some other person in which case you will not be entitled to any refund or payment in respect of such Offer Shares (other than return of such late payment);
(e) agree that monies subscribed for Offer Shares will be held for the account of the Company pending allotment of Offer Shares (which may not take place until several weeks after cleared funds have been received) and that all interest thereon shall belong to the Company and further that any documents of title and any monies returnable to you may be retained pending clearance of your remittance and that such monies will not bear interest;
(f) agree that all applications, acceptances of applications and contracts resulting therefrom will be governed by, and construed in accordance with, English law and that you submit to the jurisdiction of the English courts and agree that nothing shall limit the right of the Company to bring any action, suit or proceeding arising out of or in connection with any such applications, acceptances of applications and contracts in any other manner permitted by law or in any court of competent jurisdiction;
(g) agree that, in respect of those Offer Shares for which your application has been received and processed and not refused, acceptance of your application shall be constituted by inclusion in an allotment of Offer Shares to you by the Receiving Agent;
(h) agree that, having had the opportunity to read the Prospectus and any supplementary prospectus issued by the Company and filed with the FCA, you shall be deemed to have had notice of all information and representations concerning the Company contained herein and in any supplementary prospectus issued by the Company and filed with the FCA and in any announcement made by the Company on an appropriate Regulatory Information Service (whether or not so read);
(i) agree that all documents in connection with the Offer and any returned monies will be sent at your risk and may be sent by post to you at your address as set out in the Application Form;
(j) confirm that in making such application you are not relying on any information or representation in relation to the Company other than those contained in the Prospectus and any supplementary prospectus filed with the FCA and you accordingly agree that no person responsible solely or jointly for the Prospectus and/or any supplementary prospectus or any part thereof or involved in the preparation thereof shall have any liability for any such information or representation;
(k) confirm that you have reviewed the restrictions contained in this paragraph 3 and paragraph 4 below and warrant as provided therein;
(l) warrant that you are not under the age of 18 years;
(m) agree that such Application Form is addressed to the Company, Beaumont Cornish Limited and the Receiving Agent;
(n) agree to provide the Company and/or the Receiving Agent with any information which either may request in connection with your application and/or in order to comply with the Venture Capital Trust or other relevant legislation and/or the Money Laundering, Terrorist Financing and Transfer of Funds (Information on the Payer) Regulations 2017 (as the same may be amended from time to time);
(o) warrant that, in connection with your application, you have observed the laws of all relevant territories, obtained any requisite governmental or other consents, complied with all requisite formalities and paid any issue, transfer or other taxes due in connection with your application in any territory and that you have not taken any action which will or may result in the Company, Beaumont Cornish Limited, the Receiving Agent or Calculus Capital acting in breach of the regulatory or legal requirements of any territory in connection with the Offer or your application;
(p) agree that neither Calculus Capital nor Beaumont Cornish Limited will regard you as its customer by virtue of you having made an application for Offer Shares or by virtue of such application being accepted; and
(q) declare that a loan has not been made to you or any associate, which would not have been made or not have been made on the same terms, but for you offering to subscribe for, or acquiring Offer Shares and that the Offer Shares are being acquired for bona fide commercial purposes and not as part of a scheme of arrangement the main purpose of which, or one of the main purposes of which, is the avoidance of tax.
4. No action has been or will be taken in any jurisdiction by, or on behalf of, the Company which would permit a public offer of Offer Shares in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required, other than the United Kingdom, nor has any such action been taken with respect to the possession or distribution of this document other than in the United Kingdom. No person receiving a copy of this document or any supplementary prospectus filed with the FCA or an Application Form in any territory other than the United Kingdom may treat the same as constituting an invitation or offer to them nor should they in any event use such Application Form unless, in the relevant territory, such an invitation or offer could lawfully be made to them or such Application Form could lawfully be used without contravention of any registration or other legal requirements. It is the responsibility of any person outside the United Kingdom wishing to make an application for Offer Shares to satisfy themselves as to full observance of the laws of any relevant territory in connection therewith, including obtaining any requisite governmental or other consents, observing any other formalities required to be observed in such territory and paying any issue, transfer or other taxes required to be paid in such territory.
5. The basis of allocation will be determined by the Company (after consultation with Beaumont Cornish Limited) in its absolute discretion. It is intended that applications will be accepted in the order in which they are received. The Offer is expected to close on 2 October 2026 (2 April 2026 in respect of applications for the 2025/26 tax year) or as soon as full subscription is reached (unless extended by the Directors or closed earlier at their discretion). Shares may be allotted notwithstanding that the Offer is not subscribed in full and the right is reserved, notwithstanding the basis so determined, to reject in whole or in part and/or scale down any application, in particular multiple and suspected multiple applications, which may otherwise be accepted and to allot Offer Shares notwithstanding that the Offer is not fully subscribed. Application monies not accepted or if the Offer is withdrawn will be returned to the applicant in full by means of a cheque, posted at the applicant's risk. The right is also reserved to treat as valid any application not complying fully with these terms and conditions of application or not in all respects complying with the application procedures contained in the Application Form. In particular, but without limitation, the Company (after consultation with the Sponsor) may accept applications made otherwise than by completion of an Application Form where the applicant has agreed in some other manner to apply in accordance with these terms and conditions. The Offer is not underwritten. The Offer will be suspended if at any time any of the Company is prohibited by statute or other regulations from issuing Offer Shares.
6. Save where the contextrequires otherwise, terms defined in the Prospectus and any supplementary prospectus filed with the FCA bear the same meaning when used in these terms and conditions of application and in the Application Form.
7. Authorised financial intermediaries who, acting on behalf of their clients where those clients are non-advised Investors (and an enhanced service has been provided in accordance with the extended prohibition on inducements under FCA Rules) or where their client is a 'professional client' under the FCA Rules who hasreceived only restricted advice, return valid Application Forms bearing their stamp and FCA number will normally be paid 2.0% commission on the amount payable in respect of the Offer Shares allocated for each such Application Form. In addition such intermediaries will be paid an annual trail commission of 0.5% of the net asset base value for each such Offer Share. For this purpose, "net asset base value" means the net assets attributable to the Offer Share in question as determined from the audited annual accounts of the Company as at the end of the preceding financial year. It is expected that annual trail commission will be paid five months after the year end of the Company in each year. The administration of annual trail commission will be managed by the Promoter which will maintain a register of intermediaries entitled to trail commission. The Promoter shall be entitled to rely on a notification from a client that they have changed their adviser, in which case, the trail commission will cease to be payable to the original adviser and will be payable to the new adviser if one is appointed. No payment of trail commission shall be made to the extent that the cumulative trail commission would exceed 3.0% of the amount subscribed for each such Offer Share or in respect of any period commencing after the sixth anniversary of the closing date of the Offer. Financial intermediaries should keep a record of Application Forms submitted bearing their stamp to substantiate any claim for commission. The Receiving Agent will collate the Application Forms bearing the financial intermediaries'stamps and calculate the initial commission payable which will be paid within one month of the allotment.
8. Financial intermediaries may agree to waive initial commission in respect of your application. If this is the case, the amount of your application will be increased by an amount equivalent to the amount of commission waived through the mechanism of the Pricing Formula. Applications received before 12.00pm on 16 December 2025 (or until £2 million has been raised under the Offer) will be entitled to a 2.0% early application discount. Applications received thereafter but before 12.00pm on 17 February 2026 (or until a further £3 million has been raised under the Offer) will be entitled to a 1.5% early application discount. Existing Shareholders will be entitled to an additional 0.5% loyalty discount on applications received at any time prior to the closing of the Offer. All such early application and loyalty discounts will be applied through the mechanism of the Pricing Formula. Calculus Capital Limited reservesthe right to waive orreduce itsfeesin other circumstances or at othertimesthan isstated in this Prospectus.
9. Where Application Forms are returned by you or on your behalf by an authorised financial intermediary who has given you a personal recommendation in respect of your application having first categorised you as a retail client under the FCA Rules, the Company will facilitate the payment of any adviser charge agreed between you and your intermediary, as validated by your completion of the relevant box on the Application Form. The amount of the agreed adviser charge will be facilitated by the Company making a payment equal to the adviser charge direct to the intermediary on the Investor's behalf which will be taken into account when applying the Pricing Formula to your subscription, and will reduce, the number of Offer Shares which are issued to you on the basis set out on page 21.
10. There has been no material disparity in the past year (from the date of this document), nor shall there be under the Offer in the effective cash cost of Offer Shares to members of the public as compared with the effective cash cost of Offer Shares to members of the Company's management (including its administrative and supervisory bodies) or their affiliates.
11. Where Application Forms are returned on your behalf by an authorised financial intermediary, the Promoter at its sole discretion will determine the Promoter's Fee applicable to your application for Offer Shares, subject to a maximum of 5.0% of the initial Net Asset Value per Offer Share.
12. Non-material amendments to these terms or to the procedure for making applications under the Offer may be made at the discretion of the Directors without giving prior notice to applicants.
Completed Application Forms with the appropriate remittance must be submitted online, posted or delivered by hand on a Business Day between 9.00am and 5.30pm to the Receiving Agent. The Offer opens on 3 October 2025 and is expected to close on 2 October 2026, or earlier at the discretion of the Directors of if fully subscribed. If you post your Application Form, you are recommended to use first class post and to allow at least two Business Days for delivery. It is expected that dealings in the Offer Shares will commence three Business Days following allotment and that share certificates will be dispatched within ten business days of allotment of the Offer Shares. Allotments will be announced on an appropriate Regulatory Information Service. Temporary documents of title will not be issued. Dealings prior to receipt of share certificates will be at the risk of applicants. A person so dealing must recognise the risk that an application may not have been accepted to the extent anticipated or at all. To the extent that any application is not accepted any excess payment will be returned without interest by returning the applicant's cheque or banker's draft or by sending a crossed cheque in favour of the applicant through the post, at the risk of the person entitled thereto.
The Board are pleased to offer all Shareholders in the Company the opportunity to participate in a Dividend Reinvestment Scheme (the "Scheme") administered by The City Partnership (UK) Limited ("Scheme Administrator").
The Company has a stated objective of paying annual dividends equal to 5.0% of the prevailing NAV of the Ordinary Shares per annum subject to investment performance, availability of distributable reserves and the need to retain cash for investment purposes and annual running costs. Whilst the maintenance of dividend payments in the future cannot be guaranteed, dividends of 4.5% have been paid in each of the last three years.
With the introduction of the Scheme, Shareholders may elect, instead of receiving dividends in cash, to receive New Shares, credited as fully paid, of the equivalent value. This is a simple, cost-effective method for Shareholders to increase the size of their holding in the Company and to benefit from additional VCT income tax relief.
There are no costs applied to subscriptions for New Shares pursuant to the Scheme. Costs of subscribing under a public offer are often 5.0% or more and so the Board consider participation in the Scheme to be the most costeffective way of increasing exposure to the Company's shares and obtaining further VCT tax reliefs.
Participants will be eligible for the income and capital gains tax advantages available to shareholders in VCTs, in respect of the New Ordinary Shares subscribed under the Scheme, subject to their personal circumstances. In particular, investors who participate in the Scheme will be entitled to income tax relief at the rate of 30% on the amount reinvested for New Shares, so long as their total investment in VCTs, including these New Shares, does not exceed £200,000 the relevant tax year.
Legislation introduced by the Government in its 2014 Budget restricts income tax relief on the subscription of new VCT shares where an investor has sold shares in the same VCT within the period of six months before to six months after the subscription. Please note that this restriction does not apply to Shares subscribed for through dividend reinvestment schemes and so will not apply to New Shares subscribed for under the Scheme.
The Scheme is being made available to all registered Shareholders in respect of their entire holdings. Beneficial Shareholders can elect to participate through their nominees. The Scheme is available to UK Shareholders only.
If you wish to participate in the Scheme, you can make an election using the election form or through The City Hub (in accordance with the procedures available at https://calculus-capital.cityhub.uk.com).
Nominees may make a partial election in respect of some of the Shares held in an account holding. A cash dividend will be paid in respect of the balance of Shares not included in the election. Partial elections can be made using the election form or through The City Hub and shall only apply to the relevant dividend for which the election has been received. A separate election must be made to participate in the Scheme for each dividend.
Shareholders who hold their shares in CREST can elect to participate in respect of a particular dividend either by completing and returning an election form or by providing an election through The City Hub. A separate election must be made to participate in the Scheme for each dividend.
If you have any queries, please contact The City Partnership (UK) Limited on 01484 240 910 (during normal office hours) or by email at [email protected]. Neither the Company nor the Scheme Administrator is able to provide you with any financial, tax or investment advice.
13.6 any funds to be carried forward for investment on the next Payment Date.
to receive new Shares and that the Shares are being acquired for bona fide investment purposes and not as part of a scheme or arrangement the main purpose of which is the avoidance of tax.
33.4 any indirect or consequential loss.
Janice Ward (Chairman) Hemant Mardia John Glencross
12 Conduit Street London W1S 2XH Telephone: 020 7493 4940
Company Registration Number 07142153
Investment Manager, Company Secretary, Promoter and Receiving Agent Calculus Capital Limited 12 Conduit Street London W1S 2XH
Telephone: 020 7493 4940 Website: www.calculuscapital.com
MHA Audit Services LLP 2 London Wall Place London EC2Y 5AU
Howard Kennedy Corporate Services LLP No. 1 London Bridge London SE1 9BG
Registrars and Dividend Reinvestment Scheme Administrators The City Partnership (UK) Limited The Mending Rooms Park Valley Mills Meltham Road Huddersfield HD4 7BH
Solicitors RW Blears LLP 6 Kinghorn Street London EC1A 7HT
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