Investor Presentation • Apr 25, 2024
Investor Presentation
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Other Relevant Information in compliance with article 227 of Law 6/2023 on the Spanish Securities Market and Investment Services, notified to the Spanish National Securities Market Commission
January – March 2024 25th April
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The information and forward-looking statements contained in this presentation have not been verified by an independent entity and the accuracy, completeness or correctness thereof should not be relied upon. In this regard, the persons to whom this presentation is delivered are invited to refer to the documentation published or registered by Cellnex Telecom, S.A. and its subsidiaries ("Cellnex") with the National Stock Market Commission in Spain (Comisión Nacional del Mercado de Valores). All forecasts and other statements included in this presentation that are not statements of historical fact, including, without limitation, those regarding the financial position, business strategy, management plans, estimated investments and capital expenditures, pipeline, priorities, targets, outlook, guidance, objectives for future operations and run rate metrics of Cellnex (which term includes its subsidiaries and investees), are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors (many of which are beyond Cellnex's control), which may cause actual results, performance or achievements of Cellnex, or industry results, to be materially different from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are based on numerous assumptions regarding Cellnex's present and future business strategies, performance by Cellnex's counterparties under certain of Cellnex's contracts and the environment in which Cellnex expects to operate in the future which may not be fulfilled. No representation or warrant, express or implied is made that any forward-looking statement will come to pass. In particular, this presentation contains information on Cellnex's targets, outlook and guidance, which should not be construed as profit forecasts. There can be no assurance that these targets, outlook and guidance will be met. Accordingly, undue reliance should not be placed on any forward-looking statement contained in this presentation. All forward-looking statements and other statements herein are only as of the date of this presentation. None of Cellnex nor any of its affiliates, advisors or representatives, nor any of their respective directors, officers, employees or agents, shall bear any liability (in negligence or otherwise) for any loss arising from any use of this presentation or its contents (including any forward-looking statement), or otherwise in connection herewith, and they do not undertake any obligation to provide the recipients with access to additional information or to update this presentation or to correct any inaccuracies in the information contained or referred to herein.
To the extent available, the industry and market data contained in this presentation has come from official or third party sources. Third party industry publications, studies and surveys generally state that the data contained therein have been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, but that there is no guarantee of the accuracy or completeness of such data. In addition, certain of the industry and market data contained in this presentation come from Cellnex's own internal research and estimates based on the knowledge and experience of Cellnex's management in the market in which Cellnex operates, and is subject to change. Certain information contained herein is based on Cellnex's management information and estimates and has not been audited or reviewed by Cellnex's auditors. Recipients should not place undue reliance on this information. The financial information included herein has not been reviewed by Cellnex's auditors for accuracy or completeness and, as such, should not be relied upon. Certain financial and statistical information contained in the presentation is subject to rounding adjustments. Accordingly, any discrepancies between the totals and the sums of the amounts listed are due to rounding.
This presentation is addressed to analysts and to institutional or specialized investors only and should only be read together with the supporting excel document published on the Cellnex website. The distribution of this presentation in certain jurisdictions may be restricted by law. Consequently, persons to which this presentation is distributed must inform themselves about and observe such restrictions. By receiving this presentation the recipient agrees to observe any such restrictions.
Neither this presentation nor the historical performance of Cellnex's management team constitute a guarantee of the future performance of Cellnex and there can be no assurance that Cellnex's management team will be successful in implementing the investmentstrategy of Cellnex.
Nothing herein constitutes an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to purchase any security and nothing herein may be used as the basis to enter into any contract or agreement.


+10.7% new organic PoPs vs. Q1 2023 (+6.6% equivalent)
RLFCF €384Mn, +14.4% vs. Q1 2023. FCF +€103Mn vs. €-139Mn Q1 2023. Including €152Mn from French remedies received in the period (another c.€210Mn to be received during 2024)
On track to meet the 2024 financial outlook – performance of key metrics consistent with all public targets

Prioritizing deleveraging, capital discipline and shareholder remuneration
Long-term target leverage of 5.0-6.0x Net Debt / EBITDA, potentially achievable by 2025
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Providing a better understanding of value drivers
An enhanced disclosure that provides more granular level of detail: business lines, geographies, Capex

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text styles


Key financial metrics

All magnitudes impacted by change of perimeter in the period (disposal of assets in France) (1) Margin over revenues excluding pass-through
Key operational metrics Key operational metrics


| RoE | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Co-locations | 86 | 2,502 | 77 | 57 | 108 | 560 |
| BTS | 1 | 458 | 547 | 123 | 187 | 138 |
| CR (1) | 2.2 | 2.2 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.4 |



Organic revenue growth


(1) Average Revenue Per Tower. Please see slide 26 and 29 for additional information related to this metric and to limitations applicable to APMs

| €Mn | Jan-Mar 2023 |
Jan-Mar 2024 |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Towers | 738 | 776 | |
| Fiber, Connectivity & Housing Services | 38 | 47 | |
| DAS, Small Cells and RAN | 49 | 59 | |
| Broadcast | 63 | 64 | |
| Revenues | 887 | 946 | +c.7% |
| Staff costs | -69 | -71 | |
| Repair and maintenance | -26 | -25 | |
| Services | -61 | -72 | |
| Operating Expenses | -156 | -168 | |
| Net pass-through | -1 | 0 | |
| Pass-through revenues | 98 | 91 | |
| Pass-through costs | -99 | 92 | |
| Adjusted EBITDA | 730 | 778 | +c.7% |
| % Margin over revenues | 82% | 82% | |
| Net payment of lease liabilities | -239 | -243 | |
| EBITDA after Leases | 490 | 535 | +c.9% |
| Maintenance Capex | -23 | -16 | |
| Changes in working capital | -4 | 4 | |
| Net payment of interest | -111 | -119 | |
| Income tax payment | -16 | -20 | |
| Net dividends to non-controlling interests | 0 | 0 | |
| Recurring Levered FCF | 336 | 384 | +c.14% |
| Jan-Mar 2023 |
Jan-Mar 2024 |
|
|---|---|---|
| Recurring Levered FCF | 336 | 384 |
| Expansion Capex | -109 | -92 |
| Tower Expansion Capex |
-68 | -58 |
| Other Business Expansion Capex | -9 | -8 |
| Efficiency Capex | -32 | -26 |
| BTS Capex and Remedies | -366 | -189 |
| Build-to-Suit Capex | -366 | -342 |
| Cash in from remedies | 0 | 152 |
| FCF | -139 | 103 |
| M&A Capex and Divestments | -23 | -6 |
| Land acquisition and long-term right of use | -14 | -19 |
| Other M&A Capex | -9 | -18 |
| Divestments | 0 | 31 |
All magnitudes impacted by change of perimeter in the period (disposal of assets in France)
Debt Maturities Profile

(1) Includes USD bonds swapped to EUR
(2) Including "Other financial assets"
(3) Excluding the deferred payment associated with OMTEL and lease liabilities

| €Mn | Dec 2023 |
Jan-Mar 2024 |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Non Current Assets | 40,623 | 41,090 | |
| Goodwill | 6,653 | 6,655 | |
| Fixed Assets | 29,714 | 29,627 | |
| Right of Use | 3,101 | 3,619 | a |
| Financial Investments & Other Fin. Assets | 1,155 | 1,188 | |
| Current Assets | 2,480 | 1,644 | |
| Inventories | 6 | 7 | |
| Trade and Other Receivables | 1,182 | 1,242 | |
| Cash and Cash Equivalents | 1,292 | 395 | |
| Non-current assets held for sale | 1,262 | 1,118 | |
| Total Assets | 44,365 | 43,852 | |
| Shareholders' Equity | 15,147 | 15,186 | |
| Non Current Liabilities | 25,687 | 26,035 | |
| Borrowings | 17,793 | 17,743 | |
| Lease Liabilities |
2,118 | 2,523 | a |
| Provisions and Other Payables | 5,776 | 5,769 | |
| Current Liabilities | 3,237 | 2,374 | |
| Borrowings | 903 | 134 | |
| Lease Liabilities | 696 | 760 | a |
| Provisions and Other Payables | 1,638 | 1,480 | |
| Liab. Assoc. with non-current assets held for sale | 294 | 257 | |
| Total Equity and Liabilities Total Equity and Liabilities |
44,258 44,365 |
43,802 43,852 |
|
| Net Debt (3) | 20,618 | 21,163 |
The adoption of IFRS 16 helps the leverage comparability among peers, as it equalizes the treatment of both land ownership and the management of ground leases
(1) Purchase Price Allocation; (2) The goodwill arising from business combinations primarily corresponds to the net deferred tax liability resulting from the higher fair value attributed to the net assets acquired compared to their tax base. Please see note 6 in our Consolidated Financial Statements ended 31 December 2023; (3) Net Financial Debt is an alternative performance measure ("APM") as defined in the guidelines issued by the European Securities and Markets Authority on October 5, 2015 on alternative performance measures (the "ESMA Guidelines"). Please see slide 27 and 28 for additional information related to Gross and Net Financial debt, and slide 29 for limitations applicable to APMs
a
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| Income Statement | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| €Mn | Jan-Mar 2023 |
Jan-Mar 2024 |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Revenues | 985 | 1,037 | |
| Operating Expenses | -255 | -259 | |
| Non-recurring expenses and non-cash items |
-12 | -12 | |
| Depreciation & amortization | -637 | -587 | |
| Operating Profit |
81 | 179 | |
| Net financial profit | -205 | -234 | |
| Profit of Companies Accounted for Using the Equity Method | 0 | -1 | |
| Income tax | 29 | 12 | |
| Attributable to non-controlling interests | 5 | 4 | |
| Net Profit Attributable to the Parent Company | -91 | -39 | a a |
| Net income mostly reflects: | ||
|---|---|---|
| D&A charges (associated with PPA process) | ||
| Interest expenses |

5G coverage per country (2023, % population covered)




20
Enhance our lease efficiency program to increase savings rate
Launch a vehicle for land acquisition acceleration
Enhance securitization plan and site at risk management

Cash generation, organic growth and re-leveraging potential to boost shareholder remuneration and industrial opportunities


2027E1 €Mn 2023 Revenues (ex pass-through) Adjusted EBITDA EBITDAaL RLFCF FCF 3,659 150 1,545 2,157 3,008 4,500 – 4,700 1,100 – 1,300 2,100 – 2,300 2,850 – 3,050 3,800 – 4,000 +6% c.8x growth 23-27E +9% +8% +7% CAGR (23-27E) 4,100 – 4,200 350 – 450 2,000 – 2,050 3,400 – 3,500 3,850 – 3,950 250 – 350 1,650 – 1,750 3,150 – 3,250 2025E1 2024E1


| Done | In process | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| CSRD/ESRS gap analysis Analyse mandatory requirements and identify potential GAPs ➢ Gap analysis ✓ Evaluation of the information reported ✓ Assessment of data availability ✓ Evaluation of the reporting system ➢ Reporting roadmap |
Double Materiality Analysis To identify the information to be communicated based on an assessment of the materiality of Sustainability issues from a double perspective: impact and financial ➢ CSRD approach with double materiality perspective; ➢ ESG context (Value chain, Stakeholders map, global and sectorial sustainability issues) |
Value Chain Strategic Plan To establish a strategic plan and a value chain governance model that complies with the requirements of ESRS S2 ➢ Value chain analysis and prioritisation ➢ Study of the available value chain information ➢ Identification of opportunities and |
ESG reporting & monitoring system To establish a digitalisation and automation roadmap for the group's current systems and tools ensuring the correct and technical definition of the ESG KPI's ➢ ESG management KPI inventory for the Group ➢ Functional and technical definition of ESG KPIs |
| ✓ Identification of priority initiatives to mitigate GAPs |
➢ Definition and assessment of IROs, including stakeholder consultation. |
roadmap | ➢ Definition of the roadmap for the digitisation of KPIs. |

The Taskforce on Nature-related Financial Disclosures has established an initiative called "TNFD Adopters", which is being developed with the aim
of getting companies to start making disclosures in line with TNFD recommendations in their corporate reports. Cellnex has been accepted as an Early Adopter signaling our intent to start adopting the TNFD Recommendations. In this sense, Cellnex will publish in the 2024 integrated annual report, to be released in early 2025, the TNFD report, aligned with the CSRD timelines.
Cellnex has published the fourth edition of its environment and climate change report. The document describes and details its commitment to society and the environment through the actions carried out as a group and its achievements in 2023.


Max: 5 Min: 0
Data as of March 2024





| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Adjusted EBITDA | Adjusted EBITDA relates to the "Operating profit" before "Depreciation and amortization" and after adding back certain non-recurring expenses (such as COVID-19 donations, redundancy provision, extra compensation and benefit costs, and costs and taxes related to acquisitions), certain non-cash expenses (LTIP remuneration payable in shares) and advances to customers. The Company uses Adjusted EBITDA as an operating performance indicator of its business units and is widely used as an evaluation metric among analysts, investors, rating agencies and other stakeholders. At the same time, it is important to highlight that Adjusted EBITDA is not a measure adopted in accounting standards and, therefore, should not be considered an alternative to cash flow as an indicator of liquidity. Adjusted EBITDA does not have a standardized meaning and, therefore, cannot be compared to the Adjusted EBITDA of other companies. One commonly used metric that is derived from Adjusted EBITDA is Adjusted EBITDA margin. Adjusted EBITDA is an APM. Please see slide 29 for certain information on the limitations of APMs |
| Adjusted EBITDA margin | Adjusted EBITDA Margin corresponds to Adjusted EBITDA, divided by ""Revenues ex pass-through"". Thus, it excludes elements passed through to customers from both expenses and revenues, mostly electricity costs, the utility fee, as well as Advances to customers. The Group uses Adjusted EBITDA Margin as an operating performance indicator and it is widely used as an evaluation metric among analysts, investors, rating agencies and other stakeholders. Adjusted EBITDA margin is an APM. Please see slide 29 for certain information on the limitations of APMs |
| Average Revenue Per Tower (ARPT) |
It is calculated as dividing the revenues ex Pass-through associated to the Tower business unit by the number of telecom sites at the end of the reporting period. Tower revenues are expressed on an annual basis as per the last 12 months ended the last day of the reporting period. ARPT is expressed in € thousand. ARPT is and APM. Please see slide 29 for certain information on the limitations of APMs |
| Available Liquidity |
The Group considers as Available Liquidity the available cash and available credit lines at period-end closing, as well as other financial assets. |
| Anchor tenant/customer | Anchor customers are telecom operators from which the Company has acquired assets |
| Backlog | Represents management's estimate of the amount of contracted revenues that Cellnex expects will result in future revenue from certain existing contracts. This amount is based on a number of assumptions and estimates, including assumptions related to the performance of a number of the existing contracts at a particular date but do not include adjustments for inflation. One of the main assumptions relates to the contract renewals, and in accordance with the consolidated financial statements, contracts for services have renewable terms including, in some cases, 'all or nothing' clauses and in some instances may be cancelled under certain circumstances by the customer at short notice without penalty. |
| Build-to-suit (BTS) Capex | Corresponds to committed Build-to-suit programs (consisting of sites, backhaul, backbone, edge computer centers, DAS nodes or any other type of telecommunication infrastructure as well as any advanced payment related to it) as well as Engineering Services with different clients. Ad-hoc maintenance capital expenditure required eventually may be included. Cash-in from the disposal of assets (or shares) due to, among others, antitrust bodies' decisions are considered within this item. BTS Capex is an APM. Please see slide 29 for certain information on the limitations of APMs |
| Customer ratio | The customer ratio relates to the average number of operators in each site. It is obtained by dividing the number of PoPs by the average number of Telecom Infrastructure Services sites in the year |
| DAS | A distributed antenna system is a network of spatially separated antenna nodes connected to a common source via a transport medium that provides wireless service within a geographic area or structure agreed with clients |
| EBITDAaL | EBITDAaL refers to Adjusted EBITDA after leases. It deducts payments of lease instalments in the ordinary course of business to Adjusted EBITDA. EBITDAaL is an APM. Please see slide 29 for certain information on the limitations of APM 26 |

| Term | Definition | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| EBITDAaL Margin |
EBITDAaL Margin corresponds to EBITDAaL, divided by ""Revenues ex pass-through"". Thus, it excludes elements passed through to customers from both expenses and revenues, mostly electricity costs, the utility fee, as well as Advances to customers.The Group uses EBITDAaL Margin as an operating performance indicator and it is widely used as an evaluation metric among analysts, investors, rating agencies and other stakeholders. EBITDAaL margin is an APM. Please see slide 29 for certain information on the limitations of APM |
||
| Expansion Capex | Expansion Capital expenditures includes three categories: Tower Expansion Capex, Other Business Expansion Capex and Efficiency Capex. Please note that Tower Expansion Capex includes Tower Upgrades, consisting of works and studies Cellnex carries out on behalf of its customers such as adaptation, engineering and design services at the request of its customers, which represent a separate income stream and performance obligation. Tower Upgrades carried out in Cellnex' Infrastructure are invoiced and accrued when the customer's request is finalised and collected in accordance with each customer agreement with certain margin. The costs incurred in relation to these services can be an internal expense or otherwise outsourced and the revenue in relation to these services is generally recognised when the capital expense is incurred. The Company considers capital expenditures as an important indicator of its operating performance in terms of investment in assets. This indicator is widely used in the industry in which the Company operates as an evaluation metric among analysts, investors, rating agencies and other stakeholders. Expansion Capex is an APM. Please see slide 29 for certain information on the limitations of APMs |
||
| Engineering services | On request of its customers Cellnex carries out certain works and studies such as adaptation, engineering and design services, which represent a separate income stream and performance obligation. The costs incurred in relation to these services can be internal expense or outsourced. The revenue in relation to these services is generally recognized as the capital expense is incurred. |
||
| Free Cash Flow | Free Cash Flow is defined as RLFCF after deducting BTS Capex and Expansion Capex (and Engineering Services Capex in the event that is reported under a dedicated Capex line). Free Cash Flow is an APM. Please see slide 29 for certain information on the limitations of APMs |
||
| Greenfield projects | Organic growth projects regarding new telecom infrastructure which are gradually deployed such as new telecom sites, optic fiber, edge computing or DAS, mainly for the use of Cellnex's anchor tenants, with tower-like characteristics |
||
| Gross Financial Debt |
The Gross Financial Debt corresponds to "Bond issues and other loans", "Loans and credit facilities", "Lease liabilities" and "the deferred payment in relation to Omtel acquisition", and does not include any debt held by Group companies registered using the equity method of consolidation, "Derivative financial instruments" or "Other financial liabilities". "Lease liabilities" is calculated as the present value of the lease payments payable over the lease term, discounted at the rate implicit or at the incremental borrowing rate. Gross Financial Debt is an APM. Please see slide 29 for certain information on the limitations of APMs |
||
| Leverage Ratio |
Leverage Ratio is frequently used by analysts, investors and rating agencies as an indication of financial leverage.It is calculated as dividing the Net Financial Debt by Adjusted EBITDA. It will be reported once a year, as of the January-December reporting periods. Leverage ratio is an APM. Please see slide 29 for certain information on the limitations of APMs |
||
| M&A Capex | Corresponds to investments in: i) land acquisition and long term right of use, ii) shareholdings of companies (excluding the amount of deferred payments in business combinations that are payable in subsequent periods) as well as significant investments in acquiring portfolios of sites (asset purchases) and, iii) cash in from divestments M&A Capex is an APM. Please see slide 29 for certain information on the limitations of APMs |

| Term | Definition | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Net Financial Debt |
The Net Financial Debt corresponds to "Gross Financial Debt" less "Cash and cash equivalents" and "Other financial assets". Together with Gross Financial Debt, the Company uses Net Financial Debt as a measure of its solvency and liquidity as it indicates the current cash and equivalents in relation to its total debt liabilities. One commonly used metric that is derived from Net Financial Debt is "Net Financial Debt / Adjusted EBITDA" which is frequently used by analysts, investors and rating agencies as an indication of financial leverage. Net Financial Debt is an APM. Please see slide 29 for certain information on the limitations of APMs |
||
| PoP (Point of Presence) |
A customer configuration based on the most typical technological specifications for a site within which the active equipment and antennas are owned by the customer or by Cellnex. The definition of PoP is always subject to management's view, independently of the technology used or type of service such customer provides. In the 5G/IoT network ecosystem, this definition of PoP could be reviewed as new customer configurations might also be considered a PoP, especially in relation to new site adjacent asset classes, subject again to the management's view. |
||
| Revenues | Revenues correspond to Operating Income excluding Advances to customers (please see note 20a in our Consolidated Financial Statements ended 31 December 2023) |
||
| Revenues ex pass-through |
Revenues ex Pass-through exclude from the Operating Income all elements passed through to customers and advances to customers.The Company uses Revenues ex Pass through as an operating performance indicator of its business units, once excluding high-volatility elements that do not contribute to the Company's EBITDA. The Company believes it will be widely used as an evaluation metric among analysts, investors, rating agencies and other stakeholders, as a clearer indicator of its performance." Revenues ex pass-through is an APMs. Please see slide 29 for certain information on the limitations of APMs |
||
| RLFCF | Recurring Operating Free Cash Flow plus/minus changes in working capital, plus interest received, minus interest expense paid, minus income tax paid, and minus minorities. Recurring Leveraged Free Cash Flow ("RLFCF") is an APMs. Please see slide 29 for certain information on the limitations of APMs |
||
| TIS | Telecom Infrastructure Services |

This presentation contains, in addition to the financial information prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS") and derived from our financial statements, alternative performance measures ("APMs") as defined in the Guidelines on Alternative Performance Measures issued by the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) on 5 October 2015 (ESMA/2015/1415en) and other non-IFRS measures ("Non-IFRS Measures"). These financial measures that qualify as APMs and non-IFRS measures have been calculated with information from Cellnex Group; however those financial measures are not defined or detailed in the applicable financial reporting framework nor have been audited or reviewed by our auditors.
We use these APMs and non-IFRS measures when planning, monitoring and evaluating our performance. We consider these APMs and non-IFRS measures to be useful metrics for our management and investors to compare financial measure of historical or future financial performance, financial position, or cash flows. Nonetheless, these APMs and non-IFRS measures should be considered supplemental information and are not meant to substitute IFRS measures. Furthermore, companies in our industry and others may calculate or use APMs and non-IFRS measures differently, thus making them less useful for comparison purposes.
For further details on the definition and explanation on the use of APMs and Non-IFRS Measures please see the section on "Alternative performance measures" of Cellnex Telecom, S.A. Consolidated Financial Statements and Consolidated Management Report for the twelve-month period ended 31 December 2023 (prepared in accordance with IAS 34), published on 29 February 2024. Additionally, for further details on the calculation and reconciliation between APMs and Non-IFRS Measures and any applicable management indicators and the financial data of the corresponding reported period, please see the backup excel file published today by Cellnex Telecom, S.A. All documents are available on Cellnex website (www.cellnex.com).


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