Quarterly Report • May 30, 2019
Quarterly Report
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Washington, D.C. 20549
REPORT OF A FOREIGN ISSUER PURSUANT TO RULE 13A-16 OR 15D-16 OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
May 30, 2019
Commission File Number 001-36761
1 Temasek Avenue #36-01 Millenia Tower Singapore 039192 (Address of principal executive offices)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F.
Form 20-F ☒ Form 40-F ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant by furnishing the information contained in this Form is also thereby furnishing the information to the Commission pursuant to Rule 12g3-2(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
Yes ☐ No ☒
If ''Yes'' is marked, indicate below the file number assigned to the registrant in connection with Rule 12g3-2(b):
EXHIBITS 99.1 AND 99.2 TO THIS REPORT ON FORM 6-K ARE INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE IN THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT ON FORM S-8 (FILE NO. 333-201716) OF KENON HOLDINGS LTD. AND IN THE PROSPECTUSES RELATING TO SUCH REGISTRATION STATEMENT.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
KENON HOLDINGS LTD.
Date: May 30, 2019 By: /s/ Robert L. Rosen Name: Robert L. Rosen Title: Chief Executive Officer
3
Exhibit 99.1

Singapore, May 30, 2019. Kenon Holdings Ltd. (NYSE: KEN, TASE: KEN) ("Kenon") announces its results for Q1 2019 and additional updates to its businesses.
OPC
As previously reported, in April 2019 the Israeli Electricity Authority ("EA") granted OPC a conditional license for the construction of the Tzomet power plant.
OPC's revenue of \$97 million in Q1 2019 was comparable to revenue of \$101 million in Q1 2018.
OPC's net profit of \$14 million in Q1 2019 was comparable to net profit of \$16 million in Q1 2018.
OPC's EBITDA1 in Q1 2019 decreased to \$30 million, as compared to \$35 million in Q1 2018.
The process to obtain the required approvals for the previously reported agreement to sell half (12%) of Kenon's remaining interest (24%) in Qoros to the majority shareholder in Qoros for a purchase price of RMB1,560 million (approximately \$226 million) continues to progress.
Kenon's consolidated results essentially comprise the consolidated results of OPC Energy Ltd. ("OPC"). The results of Qoros Automotive Co., Ltd. ("Qoros") and ZIM Integrated Shipping Ltd. ("ZIM") are reflected under results from associates.
See Exhibit 99.2 of Kenon's Form 6-K dated May 30, 2019 for summary Kenon consolidated financial information; summary OPC consolidated financial information; a reconciliation of OPC's EBITDA (which is a non-IFRS measure) to net profit and summary operational information of OPC's generation businesses.
The following discussion of OPC's results of operations is based on OPC's consolidated financial statements, which are denominated in New Israeli Shekels (NIS) and translated into US dollars for purposes of Kenon's reporting.
| Q1 2019 | Q1 2018 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| \$ millions | |||
| Revenues | 97 | 101 | |
| Cost of sales | 61 | 63 | |
| Finance Expenses, net | 5 | 5 | |
| Net profit | 14 | 16 | |
| EBITDA | 30 | 35 |
| Q1 2019 | Q1 2018 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| \$ millions | |||
| Revenue from energy generated by OPC and sold to private customers | 71 | 72 | |
| Revenue from energy purchased by OPC and sold to private customers | 2 | 2 | |
| Revenue from private customers in respect of infrastructures services | 19 | 22 | |
| Revenue from energy sold to the System Administrator | 1 | 1 | |
| Revenue from sale of steam | 4 | 4 | |
| Total | 97 | 101 |
1 EBITDA is a non-IFRS measure. See Exhibit 99.2 of Kenon's Form 6-K dated May 30, 2019 for the definition of OPC's EBITDA and a reconciliation to its net income for the applicable period. OPC's revenue from the sale of electricity to private customers derives from electricity sold at the generation component tariffs, as published by the EA, with some discount. The weightedaverage generation component tariff for 2019, as published by the EA in January 2019, is NIS 0.2909 per KW hour. In 2018, the weighted-average generation component tariff was NIS 0.2816 per KW hour. OPC's revenues from sale of steam are linked partly to the price of gas and partly to the Israeli Consumer Price Index (CPI).
Revenue from energy generated by OPC and sold to private customers – decreased by \$1 million in Q1 2019, as compared to Q1 2018. As OPC's revenue is denominated in NIS, translation of its revenue to US Dollars had a negative impact of \$4 million. Excluding the impact of exchange rate fluctuations on the translation of OPC's revenues, OPC's revenues increased by \$3 million, primarily as a result of the increase of the generation component in January 2019.
Revenue from private customers in respect of infrastructures services – decreased by \$3 million in Q1 2019, as compared to Q1 2018. Translation of OPC's revenue to US Dollars had a negative impact of \$1 million. Excluding the impact of exchange rate fluctuations on the translation of OPC's revenues, OPC's revenues decreased by \$2 million, primarily as a result of a decrease in the infrastructure services tariffs in January 2019.
| Q1 2019 | Q1 2018 | |
|---|---|---|
| \$ millions | ||
| Natural gas and diesel oil consumption | 35 | 34 |
| Payment to IEC for infrastructure services and purchase of electricity | 20 | 24 |
| Natural gas transmission | 2 | 2 |
| Operating expenses | 4 | 3 |
| Total | 61 | 63 |
Natural gas and diesel oil consumption – increased by \$1 million in Q1 2019, as compared to Q1 2018, primarily due to an increase in OPC's natural gas price, reflecting the increase in the generation component, as OPC's gas price is indexed to the generation component tariff.
Payment to IEC for infrastructures services and purchase of electricity – decreased by \$4 million in Q1 2019, as compared to Q1 2018. Translation of OPC's cost of sales to US Dollars had a negative impact of \$1 million. Excluding the impact of exchange rate fluctuations, payment to the IEC for infrastructure services and purchase of electricity decreased by \$3 million, primarily due to a decrease in the infrastructure tariffs in January 2019.
Net profit decreased by \$2 million in Q1 2019 as compared to Q1 2018, primarily as a result of the reasons discussed above, partially offset by a \$2 million decrease in tax expenses.
As of March 31, 2019, OPC had cash and cash equivalents and short term deposits of \$151 million, restricted cash of \$80 million, and total outstanding consolidated indebtedness of \$603 million, consisting of \$28 million of short-term indebtedness and \$575 million of long-term indebtedness. All of OPC's debt is denominated in NIS.
OPC-Hadera is constructing a 148 MW co-generation power plant in Israel. OPC expects that the total cost of completing the OPC-Hadera plant will be approximately NIS 1 billion (approximately \$275 million).
Construction of the OPC-Hadera plant began in June 2016. As of March 31, 2019, OPC-Hadera had invested an aggregate of NIS 837 million (approximately \$230 million). Commercial operation of OPC-Hadera plant is expected in the fourth quarter of 2019 - this takes into account delays that occurred during the construction, including the timetable for replacement of an additional faulty component discovered during performance of the construction work. OPC-Hadera is entitled to compensation from the EPC contractor in respect of delay in completion of the construction, and OPC-Hadera has insurance coverage for loss of profits.
Tzomet Energy Ltd. ("Tzomet") is developing an open-cycle natural gas-fired power station with capacity of approximately 396 MW in Israel.
In April 2019, following the approval of the Business Concentration Committee, the EA granted Tzomet a conditional license for the construction of the Tzomet power plant.
As previously reported, in January 2019, Kenon entered into an agreement to sell half (12%) of its remaining interest (24%) in Qoros to the majority shareholder in Qoros for a purchase price of RMB1,560 million (approximately \$226 million). The sale is subject to obtaining relevant third party consents and other closing conditions, including approvals by relevant government authorities. The parties are in the process of seeking these consents and approvals. Following completion of the sale, Kenon will hold a 12% interest in Qoros, the majority shareholder in Qoros will hold 63% and Chery Automobile Co. Ltd. will own 25%.
Qoros reported that the entity introduced by the majority shareholder in Qoros, which made significant purchases during 2018, paused making purchases in Q1 2019 and resumed purchase orders in Q2 2019 as per the internal plan. Qoros also reported that orders from dealers were negatively impacted this quarter by, among other factors, the changing regulation in some provinces in China from the "China 5" to the "China 6" emission standard and by the general challenging auto market conditions in China which saw a 14% year-on-year decline in wholesale volumes in Q1. As a result of the foregoing, Qoros saw a substantial decline in wholesale sales in the quarter, selling approximately 800 cars in Q1 2019.
ZIM carried approximately 668 thousand TEUs in Q1 2018, representing a 4% decrease as compared to Q1 2018, in which ZIM carried approximately 698 thousand TEUs. The average freight rate per TEU in Q1 2019 was \$1,019 per TEU, as compared to \$938 per TEU in Q1 2018, representing a 9% increase.
ZIM's revenues increased by 6% in Q1 2019 to approximately \$796 million, as compared to approximately \$751 million in Q1 2018, due to the increase in the average freight rate. ZIM's operating expenses and cost of services increased by 1% in Q1 2019 to approximately \$703 million, as compared to approximately \$698 million in Q1 2018.
2 Convenience translations of RMB amounts into US Dollars use a rate of 6.9: 1.

As of March 31, 2019, Kenon's unconsolidated cash balance was \$35 million. There is no remaining material debt at the Kenon level.
Kenon is the beneficiary of a four-year deferred payment agreement, effective December 31, 2017, reflecting deferred consideration from the sale of its Inkia power businesses, accruing 8% interest, payable in kind (total payable as at March 31, 2019 including principal and accrued interest is \$193 million). The deferred payment is subject to tax.
In March 2019, OPC declared a dividend of approximately \$10 million which resulted in a dividend receipt by Kenon of approximately \$7 million in Q2 2019.
Kenon's management will host a conference call for investors and analysts on May 30, 2019. Kenon's and OPC's management will host the call and will be available to answer questions after presenting the results. To participate, please call one of the following teleconferencing numbers:
| Singapore: | 3158-3851 |
|---|---|
| US: | 1-866-652-8972 |
| Israel: | 03- 9180687 |
| UK: | 0-800-051-8913 |
| International: | +65-3158-3851 |
Kenon is a holding company that operates dynamic, primarily growth-oriented businesses. The companies it owns, in whole or in part, are at various stages of development, ranging from established, cash-generating businesses to early stage development companies. Kenon's businesses consist of:
OPC Energy (76% interest) – a leading owner, developer and operator of power generation facilities in the Israeli power market;
Qoros (24% interest3) – a China-based automotive company;
ZIM (32% interest) – an international shipping company; and
Primus Green Energy, Inc. (91% interest) – an early stage developer of alternative fuel technology.
Kenon remains committed to its strategy to realize the value of its businesses for its shareholders. In connection with this strategy, Kenon may provide its shareholders with direct access to its businesses, which may include spin-offs, listings, offerings, distributions or monetization of its businesses. Kenon is actively exploring various ways to materialize this strategy in a rational and expeditious manner. For further information on Kenon's businesses and strategy, see Kenon's publicly available filings, which can be found on the SEC's website at www.sec.gov. Please also see http://www.kenon-holdings.com for additional information.
3 Kenon has agreed to sell half of its 24% interest to the majority shareholder in Qoros; upon completion of this sale, Kenon will hold a 12% interest in Qoros.
4
This press release includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements include, but are not limited to statements about (i) with respect to OPC, statements with respect to the OPC-Hadera and Tzomet projects, including receipt of the conditional license, expected installed capacity, expected cost, and expected timing of the completion, commercial operation and financing of the project as well as the impact of the delay in Hadera construction and related compensation and insurance, (ii) with respect to Qoros, statements with respect to the agreement by Kenon to sell half of its remaining interest in Qoros to the majority shareholder in Qoros, that the parties are in the process of obtaining the required approvals and statements with respect to market conditions, regulations, sales and other trends impacting Qoros' results and (iii) other non-historical matters. These statements are based on Kenon's management's current expectations or beliefs, and are subject to uncertainty and changes in circumstances. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond Kenon's control, which could cause the actual results to differ materially from those indicated in such forwardlooking statements. Such risks include (i) with respect to OPC, risks relating to a failure to complete the development and reach commercial operation of the OPC-Hadera and Tzomet projects on a timely basis, within the expected budget, or at all, including risks related to license and other approvals required to proceed with the Tzomet project and costs associated with delays in reaching commercial operation, (ii) with respect to Qoros, risks relating to the agreement to sell half of Kenon's remaining interest in Qoros to the majority shareholder in Qoros, including the risk that the parties may be unable to obtain required consents including regulatory approvals and other risks relating to the closing of that transaction and risks relating to Qoros' markets, regulation, sales and other factors impacting its results (iii) other risks and factors, including those risks set forth under the heading "Risk Factors" in Kenon's Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the SEC and other filings. Except as required by law, Kenon undertakes no obligation to update these forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.
Kenon Holdings Ltd. Jonathan Fisch Director, Investor Relations [email protected] Tel: +44 20 7659 4186

Reconciliation of Certain non-IFRS Financial Information
Appendix A: Summary of Kenon's Consolidated Financial Information
Appendix B: Summary of OPC's Consolidated Financial Information
Appendix C: Definition of OPC's EBITDA and non-IFRS reconciliation
Appendix D: Summary Financial Information of OPC's Subsidiaries
Appendix E: Summary Operational Information of OPC
Summary of Kenon's Consolidated Financial Information
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018
| As of March 31, |
As of December 31, 2018 |
||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | |||
| (Unaudited) | |||
| \$ millions | |||
| Current assets Cash and cash equivalents |
|||
| Short-term investments and deposits | 161 51 |
131 50 |
|
| Trade receivables, net | 33 | 36 | |
| Other current assets, including derivatives | 30 | 41 | |
| Assets held for sale | 70 | 70 | |
| Total current assets | 345 | 328 | |
| Non-current assets | |||
| Investments in associated companies | 142 | 161 | |
| Deposits, loans and other receivables, including derivative instruments | 148 | 140 | |
| Deferred payment receivable | 193 | 189 | |
| Deferred taxes, net | 1 | 1 | |
| Property, plant and equipment, net (including right-of-use asset) | 659 | 635 | |
| Intangible assets, net | 1 | 1 | |
| Total non-current assets | 1,144 | 1,127 | |
| Total assets | 1,489 | 1,455 | |
| Current liabilities | |||
| Loans and debentures | 28 | 23 | |
| Trade payables | 58 | 48 | |
| Other payables, including derivative instruments and liabilities in respect of leases | 22 | 12 | |
| Income tax payable | 6 | 7 | |
| Total current liabilities | 114 | 90 | |
| Non-current liabilities | |||
| Loans, excluding current portion | 497 | 488 | |
| Debentures, excluding current portion | 78 | 75 | |
| Other non-current liabilities | 6 | - | |
| Deferred taxes, net | 66 | 59 | |
| Income tax payable | 27 | 27 | |
| Total non-current liabilities | 674 | 649 | |
| Total liabilities | 788 | 739 | |
| Equity | |||
| Share capital | 602 | 602 | |
| Translation reserve | (1) | 1 | |
| Capital reserve | 17 | 17 | |
| Accumulated profit | 16 | 29 | |
| Equity attributable to owners of the Company | 634 | 649 | |
| Non-controlling interests | 67 | 67 | |
| Total equity | 701 | 716 | |
| Total liabilities and equity | 1,489 | 1,455 | |
| For the three months ended March 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 2018 | ||
| \$ millions | |||
| Revenue | 97 | 101 | |
| Cost of sales and services (excluding depreciation) | (61) | (63) | |
| Depreciation | (7) | (8) | |
| Gross profit | 29 | 30 | |
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | (10) | (7) | |
| Financing expenses | (6) | (6) | |
| Financing income | 4 | 2 | |
| Financing expenses, net | (2) | (4) | |
| Gain on third party investment in Qoros | - | 504 | |
| Fair value loss on option | (5) | - | |
| Write back of financial guarantee | - | 63 | |
| Share in losses of associated companies, net of tax | (13) | (28) | |
| (Loss)/profit before income taxes | (1) | 558 | |
| Income taxes | (5) | (6) | |
| (Loss)/profit for the period from continuing operations | (6) | 552 | |
| Loss for the period from discontinued operations (after tax) | (1) | - | |
| (Loss)/profit for the period | (7) | 552 | |
| Attributable to: | |||
| Kenon's shareholders | (12) | 545 | |
| Non-controlling interests | 5 | 7 | |
| (Loss)/profit for the period | (7) | 552 | |
| Basic/diluted (loss)/profit per share attributable to Kenon's shareholders (in dollars): | |||
| Basic/Diluted (loss)/profit per share | (0.24) | 10.13 | |
| Basic/Diluted (loss)/profit per share from continuing operations | (0.23) | 10.13 | |
| Basic/Diluted loss per share from discontinued operations | (0.01) | - | |
| For the three months ended March 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 2018 | ||
| \$ millions | |||
| Cash flows from operating activities | |||
| (Loss)/profit for the period | (7) | 552 | |
| Adjustments: | |||
| Depreciation and amortization | 7 | 8 | |
| Financing expenses, net | 2 | 4 | |
| Share in losses of associated companies, net of tax | 13 | 28 | |
| Write back of financial guarantee | - | (63) | |
| Gain on third party investment in Qoros | - | (504) | |
| Fair value loss on option | 5 | - | |
| Share-based payments | 1 | - | |
| Net change in fair value of derivative financial instruments | - | 1 | |
| Income taxes | 5 | 6 | |
| 26 | 32 | ||
| Change in trade and other receivables | 7 | 36 | |
| Change in trade and other payables | 15 | (33) | |
| 48 | 35 | ||
| Income taxes paid, net | (1) | (169) | |
| Net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities | 47 | (134) |
| For the three months ended March 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 2018 | ||
| \$ millions | |||
| Cash flows from investing activities | |||
| Short-term deposits and loans, net | - | 7 | |
| Cash paid for businesses purchased, less cash acquired | - | (2) | |
| Payment of transaction costs for sale of subsidiaries | - | (46) | |
| Payments for long-term deposits | (4) | (4) | |
| Acquisition of property, plant and equipment | (8) | (16) | |
| Proceeds from dilution of third party investment in Qoros | - | 260 | |
| Receipt to release financial guarantee | - | 18 | |
| Net cash (used in)/provided by investing activities | (12) | 217 | |
| Cash flows from financing activities | |||
| Capital distribution | - | (665) | |
| Receipt of long-term loans and issuance of debentures | - | 7 | |
| Repayment of long-term loans and debentures | (3) | (7) | |
| Repayment of short-term credit from banks and others, net | (1) | (378) | |
| Interest paid | (4) | (6) | |
| Net cash used in financing activities | (8) | (1,049) | |
| Increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 27 | (966) | |
| Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the period | 131 | 1,417 | |
| Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on balances of cash and cash equivalents | 3 | 4 | |
| Cash and cash equivalents at end of the period | 161 | 455 |
The following table sets forth selected financial data for Kenon's reportable segments for the periods presented:
| For the three months ended March 31, 2019 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OPC | Quantum1 | Other2 | Consolidated Results |
||
| \$ millions | |||||
| Revenue | 97 | - | - | 97 | |
| Depreciation and amortization | (7) | - | - | (7) | |
| Financing income | - | - | 4 | 4 | |
| Financing expenses | (5) | - | (1) | (6) | |
| Fair value loss on put option | - | (5) | - | (5) | |
| Share in losses of associated companies | - | (5) | (8) | (13) | |
| Profit / (Loss) before taxes | 18 | (10) | (9) | (1) | |
| Income taxes | (4) | - | (1) | (5) | |
| Profit / (Loss) from continuing operations | 14 | (10) | (10) | (6) |
(1) Quantum is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Kenon and holds Kenon's interest in Qoros.
(2) Includes the results of Primus; the results of ZIM, as an associated company; as well as Kenon's and IC Green's holding company and general and administrative expenses.
| For the three months ended March 31, 2018 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OPC | Quantum1 | Other2 \$ millions |
Adjustments3 | Consolidated Results |
|
| Revenue | 101 | - | - | - | 101 |
| Depreciation and amortization | (8) | - | - | - | (8) |
| Financing income | - | - | 18 | (16) | 2 |
| Financing expenses | (5) | (17) | 16 | (6) | |
| Write back of financial guarantee | - | 63 | - | - | 63 |
| Gain on third party investment in Qoros | - | 504 | - | - | 504 |
| Share in losses of associated companies | - | (15) | (13) | - | (28) |
| Profit / (Loss) before taxes | 22 | 552 | (16) | - | 558 |
| Income taxes | (6) | - | - | - | (6) |
| Profit / (Loss) from continuing operations | 16 | 552 | (16) | - | 552 |
(1) Quantum is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Kenon and holds Kenon's interest in Qoros.
(2) Includes the results of Primus; the results of ZIM, as an associated company; as well as Kenon's and IC Green's holding company and general and administrative expenses.
(3) "Adjustments" includes inter-segment financing income and expenses.
| Assets held for sale as of |
Carrying amounts of investment in associated companies as of |
Equity in the net losses of associated companies for the period ended |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| March 31, | December 31, | March 31, | December 31, | March 31, | March 31, | ||
| 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | ||
| \$ millions | \$ millions | \$ millions | |||||
| ZIM | - | - | 83 | 91 | (8) | (13) | |
| Qoros | 70 | 70 | 59 | 70 | (5) | (15) | |
| 70 | 70 | 142 | 161 | (13) | (28) |
Summary of OPC 's Consolidated Financial Information
OPC's Unaudited Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss
| For the three months ended March 31, |
||
|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 2018 | |
| \$ millions | ||
| Revenue | 97 | 101 |
| Cost of sales (excluding depreciation and amortization) | (61 ) |
(63 ) |
| Depreciation and amortization | (7 ) |
(8 ) |
| Gross profit | 29 | 30 |
| General, selling and administrative expenses | (6 ) |
(3 ) |
| Financing expenses, net | (5 ) |
(5 ) |
| Profit before taxes | 18 | 22 |
| Taxes on income | (4 ) |
(6 ) |
| Net profit for the period | 14 | 16 |
| Attributable to: | ||
| Equity holders of the company | 11 | 13 |
| Non -controlling interest |
3 | 3 |
| Net profit for the period | 14 | 16 |
| For the three months ended March 31, |
|||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 2018 | ||
| \$ millions | |||
| Cash flows provided by operating activities | 52 | 27 | |
| Cash flows used in investing activities | (12) | (22) | |
| Cash flows used in financing activities | (8) | (5) | |
| Increase in cash and cash equivalents | 32 | - | |
| Cash and cash equivalents at end of the period | 124 | 145 | |
| Investments in property, plant and equipment | 8 | 15 | |
| Total depreciation and amortization | 7 | 8 |
| As of | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| December 31, | |||
| March 31, 2019 | 2018 | ||
| (Unaudited) | |||
| \$ millions | |||
| Total financial liabilities1 | 603 | 586 | |
| Total monetary assets2 | 231 | 187 | |
| Total equity attributable to the owners | 187 | 181 | |
| Total assets | 968 | 905 | |
Including loans from banks and others and debentures
Including cash and cash equivalents, short-term deposits and restricted cash.
This press release, including the financial tables, presents EBITDA, which is considered to be a "non-IFRS financial measure."
OPC defines "EBITDA" as for each period as net profit before depreciation and amortization, financing expenses, net, and income tax expense. EBITDA is not recognized under IFRS or any other generally accepted accounting principles as a measure of financial performance and should not be considered as a substitute for net profit or loss, cash flow from operations or other measures of operating performance determined in accordance with IFRS. EBITDA is not intended to represent funds available for dividends or other discretionary uses because those funds may be required for debt service, capital expenditures, working capital and other commitments and contingencies. There are limitations that impair the use of EBITDA as a measure of OPC's profitability since it does not take into consideration certain costs and expenses that result from OPC's business that could have a significant effect on net profit, such as financial expenses, taxes, depreciation, capital expenses and other related items.
OPC believes that the disclosure of EBITDA provides transparent and useful information to investors and financial analysts in their review of the company's, or its subsidiaries' operating performance and in the comparison of such operating performance to the operating performance of other companies in the same industry or in other industries that have different capital structures, debt levels and/or income tax rates.
Set forth below is a reconciliation of OPC's net profit to EBITDA for the periods presented. Other companies may calculate EBITDA differently, and therefore this presentation of EBITDA may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures used by other companies.
| For the three | |
|---|---|
| months ended | |
| March 31, 2019 | |
| \$ millions | |
| Net profit for the period | 14 |
| Depreciation and amortization | 7 |
| Financing expenses, net | 5 |
| Income tax expense | 4 |
| EBITDA | 30 |
| For the three months ended March 31, 2018 \$ millions |
|
| Net profit for the period | 16 |
| Depreciation and amortization | 8 |
| Financing expenses, net | 5 |
| Income tax expense | 6 |
The tables below set forth debt, cash and cash equivalents, deposits and restricted cash for OPC's subsidiaries as of March 31, 2019:
| OPC-Rotem | OPC-Hadera | Others | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| \$ millions | ||||
| Debt (excluding accrued interest) | 343 | 179 | 81 | 603 |
| Cash and cash equivalents and short term deposits | 65 | 10 | 76 | 151 |
| Restricted cash (including debt service reserves) | 54 | 2 | 24 | 80 |
| Debt service reserves | 29 | - | 13 | 42 |
The tables below set forth debt, cash and cash equivalents, deposits and restricted cash for OPC's subsidiaries as of December 31, 2018:
| OPC-Rotem | OPC-Hadera | Others | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| \$ millions | ||||
| Debt (excluding accrued interest) | 336 | 172 | 78 | 586 |
| Cash and cash equivalents and short term deposits | 26 | 12 | 77 | 115 |
| Restricted cash (including debt service reserves) | 46 | 2 | 24 | 72 |
| Debt service reserves | 24 | - | 13 | 37 |
The tables below set forth details of sales, generation and purchases of electricity by OPC and availability and net generation of OPC split by the Rotem plant and the Hadera energy center (kWh in millions):
| For the three months ended March 31. | ||
|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 2018 | |
| Sales to private customers | 969 | 973 |
| Sales to the system administrator | 43 | 38 |
| Total sales | 1,012 | 1,011 |
| For the three months ended March 31 | ||
| 2019 | 2018 | |
| Net generation of electricity | 984 | 976 |
| Purchase of electricity from the system administrator | 28 | 35 |
| Total volume of electricity generated and purchases from the system administrator | 1,012 | 1,011 |
| For the three months ended March 31 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 2018 | ||
| Availability | Net generation | Availability | Net generation |
| (%) | (kWh in millions) | (%) | (kWh in millions) |
| 100% | 961 | 100% | 951 |
| 92.8% | 23 | 99.8% | 25 |
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