Annual Report • Dec 31, 2010
Annual Report
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Our financial results for the fourth quarter 2010.
During 2010 we made progress in improving our financial performance. We generated a net profit attributable to UBS shareholders of CHF 7.2 billion in 2010, a significant improvement over the net loss we recorded in 2009. We ended 2010 with an industry-leading BIS tier 1 capital ratio of 17.7%. Client confidence in our business is growing, as demonstrated by increased business volumes as well as improvements in net new money. During 2010 net new money stabilized, and we achieved net inflows for the Group as a whole over the last two quarters of the year. We also continued to control our costs and achieved our CHF 20 billion fixed costs target for the year. While we made clear progress in 2010, we are under no illusion. We will build on the achievements of 2010 and continue to work hard to improve our results.
For the fourth quarter of 2010, net profit attributable to UBS shareholders was CHF 1.3 billion compared with CHF 1.7 billion in the third quarter as we recorded significantly lower tax credits than in the previous quarter. Profit before tax was CHF 1,161 million compared with CHF 818 million in the third quarter. This improvement reflects increased client activity across all of our businesses, but was tempered by higher credit loss expenses, own credit losses and increased litigation provisions. Group operating income for the quarter was up by 7% compared with the third quarter, driven mainly by increased revenue in our Investment Banking Department. Operating expenses were a little under CHF 6 billion, a modest increase on the third quarter.
In our Wealth Management business, pre-tax profit was CHF 488 million, little changed from the previous quarter. Revenues increased as brokerage and trading income improved from the low levels seen in the previous quarter. Expenses increased by 4% mainly due to a CHF 40 million charge to reimburse the Swiss government for costs incurred in connection with the US cross-border matter. The gross margin was 92 basis points, up from 89 basis points in the prior quarter, reflecting increased revenues and a slight reduction in the average invested asset base. Despite strong investment performance, invested assets declined 2% as the Swiss franc strengthened against the euro and US dollar. Over 60% of Wealth Management's invested assets are denominated in either euros or US dollars. Overall, net new money stabilized in the second half of 2010 with continued strong net inflows from the Asia Pacific region and globally from ultra high net worth clients.
Retail & Corporate's revenues remained stable in the fourth quarter. However, the pre-tax profit of CHF 387 million reflected increased net credit loss expenses of CHF 63 million. Notwithstanding these credit losses in the quarter, for 2010 as a whole we experienced relatively low levels of credit losses. The net credit loss expense for 2010 was CHF 76 million, a decline of over CHF 100 million compared with 2009, reflecting the quality of our credit portfolio.
Wealth Management Americas' revenues increased by 3% due to higher transactional revenues on increased client activity. Managed account fees also increased. Despite this positive revenue momentum, we recorded a pre-tax loss of CHF 33 million compared with a pre-tax loss of CHF 47 million in the third quarter, mainly as a result of increased litigation provisions. Net new money improved considerably, with net inflows in the fourth quarter of CHF 3.4 billion compared with CHF 0.3 billion in the previous quarter. Including interest and dividend income, Wealth Management Americas' net new money inflows were CHF 8.8 billion compared with inflows of CHF 4.6 billion in the prior quarter.
In Global Asset Management pre-tax profit increased to CHF 135 million, an 18% increase on the third quarter. Revenues were higher across all of our business lines with sustained improvements in investment performance, particularly in alternative and quantitative investments, which contributed most of the revenue improvement. Costs increased on higher personnel expenses. Net new money inflows from third-party channels increased to CHF 3.8 billion compared with CHF 1.5 billion in the prior quarter, mostly offset by net outflows of CHF 2.8 billion from clients of our wealth management businesses.
In the fourth quarter, we continued to see results which, while improved, remain unsatisfactory in relation to our ambitions for the Investment Bank. We recorded a pre-tax profit of CHF 75 million, a result affected by an own credit loss of CHF 509 million reflecting in part the tightening of our credit spreads over the quarter. The fourth quarter result compares favorably with the third quarter which saw a pre-tax loss of CHF 406 million, including an own credit loss of CHF 387 million. Revenues increased by 17% to CHF 2.2 billion as client activity levels increased. This was particularly evident in the Investment Banking Department where revenues were up by nearly CHF 500 million, reflecting an increase in equity capital market activity, improved market share and higher advisory revenues. In equities, revenues rose by 5% as the cash and derivatives and equitylinked businesses all recorded increases. In our fixed income, currencies and commodities business, revenues increased by 6% compared with the very low levels seen in the third quarter. In particular, our foreign exchange business reported improved revenues on higher volumes and volatility. Expenses declined by 7% compared with the third quarter mainly due to reduced personnel expenses. The result also included net credit loss expenses of CHF 108 million, compared with a recovery of CHF 35 million in the third quarter, reflecting, among other things, impairments in our student loan auction rate securities portfolio.
Our BIS tier 1 capital ratio improved for the seventh consecutive quarter and stood at 17.7% on 31 December 2010, compared with 16.7% at the end of the third quarter. Our core tier 1 capital ratio also improved further to 15.3% compared with 14.2% on 30 September 2010. Risk-weighted assets decreased by CHF 9 billion, mainly due to foreign exchange movements. Our balance sheet decreased by CHF 143 billion largely due to changes in replacement values.
In December 2010, the Swiss Federal Council announced draft recommendations in relation to proposed legislation that is designed to address the "too big to fail" issue. A consultation process is currently under way and will end in March. The Federal Council is expected to present its final recommendations to both chambers of the Swiss parliament for debate later in the year. We are evaluating the impact of these proposals as well as the effects of other legislative and regulatory changes worldwide. We will continue to assess the impact of new capital standards and other regulatory requirements on the profitability of each of our businesses, and, where necessary, we will take the appropriate action. As previously stated, we will retain earnings in order to meet the recommended future capital requirements and, as a result, we do not intend to pay a dividend for 2010 or for some time to come.
In recent years, we have fundamentally reshaped our approach to employee compensation. Our foremost priority is to encourage and reward behavior that contributes to the sustainable profitability and the long-term success of our firm. In order to align employee incentives with the interests of our shareholders, we pay a significant part of our employees' compensation in the form of deferred awards, mostly in UBS shares, which are subject to claw-back provisions. Above total compensation of CHF 250,000, each employee will receive at least 60% of his or her bonus in shares deferred over three years. Awards are subject to claw-back provisions including the forfeiture of shares if the employee commits acts against the interests of UBS. The compensation of certain senior staff is also subject to vesting conditions that require profitability. In the case of Group Executive Board members, over 75% of any bonus will be deferred and may be subject to forfeiture as well as profitability conditions for periods of up to five years. In 2010 we reduced the bonus pool by 10% to CHF 4.3 billion, compared with CHF 4.8 billion in 2009.
Outlook – In the first quarter we expect some improvement in the Investment Bank's trading results compared with the two prior quarters, but this will as always largely depend upon market conditions and the volume of business that our customers transact with us. We do expect the investments we have been making in certain of our securities trading operations to bear fruit during 2011. The Investment Banking Department (IBD) has a promising book of financial advisory business. For the coming quarter, however, we do not expect IBD to match its seasonally strong fourth quarter result, at least not in its advisory business. In our wealth and asset management divisions, we expect client activity in the first quarter to be above fourth quarter levels, supporting transaction-based revenue in those divisions. We are optimistic that overall positive net new money inflows will continue in the first quarter. For the full year, we believe that net new money will strengthen noticeably.
8 February 2011
Yours sincerely,
Board of Directors
Kaspar Villiger Oswald J. Grübel Chairman of the Group Chief Executive Officer
| CHF million, except where indicated 31.12.10 Group results Operating income 7,122 |
For the quarter ended 30.9.10 6,658 5,840 818 |
31.12.09 6,095 |
31.12.10 | Year ended 31.12.09 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 31,975 | 22,601 | |||
| Operating expenses 5,962 |
5,183 | 24,573 | 25,162 | |
| Operating profit from continuing operations before tax 1,161 |
912 | 7,402 | (2,561) | |
| Net profit attributable to UBS shareholders 1,290 |
1,664 | 1,205 | 7,161 | (2,736) |
| Diluted earnings per share (CHF)1 0.33 |
0.43 | 0.31 | 1.87 | (0.75) |
| Key performance indicators, balance sheet and capital management2 | ||||
| Performance | ||||
| Return on equity (RoE) (%) | 15.9 | (7.8) | ||
| Return on risk-weighted assets, gross (%) | 15.5 | 9.9 | ||
| Return on assets, gross (%) | 2.3 | 1.5 | ||
| Growth | ||||
| Net profit growth (%)3 (22.5) |
(17.0) | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Net new money (CHF billion)4 7.1 |
1.2 | (56.2) | (14.3) | (147.3) |
| Efficiency | ||||
| Cost/income ratio (%) 81.8 |
88.1 | 83.9 | 76.7 | 103.0 |
| As of | ||||
| CHF million, except where indicated 31.12.10 |
30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | ||
| Capital strength | ||||
| BIS tier 1 ratio (%)5 17.7 |
16.7 | 15.4 | ||
| FINMA leverage ratio (%)5 4.44 |
4.40 | 3.93 | ||
| Balance sheet and capital management | ||||
| Total assets 1,317,223 |
1,460,509 | 1,340,538 | ||
| Equity attributable to UBS shareholders 46,760 |
47,713 | 41,013 | ||
| BIS total ratio (%)5 20.4 |
20.2 | 19.8 | ||
| BIS risk-weighted assets5 198,875 |
208,289 | 206,525 | ||
| BIS tier 1 capital5 35,272 |
34,817 | 31,798 | ||
| Additional information | ||||
| Invested assets (CHF billion) 2,152 |
2,180 | 2,233 | ||
| Personnel (full-time equivalents) 64,617 |
64,583 | 65,233 | ||
| Market capitalization6 58,803 |
63,898 | 57,108 |
1 Refer to "Note 8 Earnings per share (EPS) and shares outstanding" in the "Financial information" section of this report. 2 For the definitions of our key performance indicators, refer to the "Measurement and analysis of performance" section on page 33 of our Annual Report 2009. 3 Not meaningful if either the current period or the comparison period is a loss period. 4 Excludes interest and dividend income. 5 Refer to the "Capital management" section of this report. 6 Refer to the appendix "UBS registered shares" of this report.
Publication of annual report 2010 Tuesday, 15 March 2011
Publication of first quarter 2011 results Tuesday, 26 April 2011
Annual General Meeting Thursday, 28 April 2011
Publication of second quarter 2011 results Tuesday, 26 July 2011
Publication of third quarter 2011 results Tuesday, 25 October 2011
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Publisher: UBS AG, Zurich and Basel, Switzerland | www.ubs.com Language: English | SAP-No. 80834E-1101
© UBS 2011. The key symbol and UBS are among the registered and unregistered trademarks of UBS. All rights reserved.
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8 Group results
UBS draws on its 150-year heritage to serve private, institutional and corporate clients worldwide, as well as retail clients in Switzerland. We combine our wealth management, investment banking and asset management businesses with our Swiss operations to deliver superior financial solutions. Headquartered in Zurich and Basel, Switzerland, UBS has offices in more than 50 countries, including all major financial centers, and employs approximately 65,000 people. Under Swiss company law, UBS is organized as an Aktiengesellschaft, a corporation that has issued shares of common stock to investors. UBS AG is the parent company of the UBS Group (Group). The operational structure of the Group comprises the Corporate Center and four business divisions: Wealth Management & Swiss Bank, Wealth Management Americas, Global Asset Management and the Investment Bank.
Wealth Management & Swiss Bank focuses on delivering comprehensive financial services to high net worth and ultra high net worth individuals around the world – except to those served by Wealth Management Americas – as well as private and corporate clients in Switzerland. Our Wealth Management business unit provides clients in over 40 countries, including Switzerland, with financial advice, products and tools to fit their individual needs. Our Retail & Corporate business unit provides individual and business clients with an array of banking services, such as deposits and lending, and maintains a leading position across its client segments in Switzerland.
Wealth Management Americas provides advice-based relationships through financial advisors who deliver a fully integrated set of products and services specifically designed to address the needs of ultra high net worth, high net worth and core affluent individuals and families. It includes the Wealth Management US business, the domestic Canadian business and the international business booked in the United States.
Global Asset Management is a large-scale asset manager with businesses diversified across regions, capabilities and distribution channels. It offers investment capabilities and styles across all major traditional and alternative asset classes including equities, fixed income, currency, hedge fund, real estate and infrastructure that can also be combined into multi-asset strategies. The fund services unit provides legal fund set-up and accounting and reporting for retail and institutional funds.
The Investment Bank provides securities and other financial products and research in equities, fixed income, rates, foreign exchange and commodities. It also provides advisory services and access to the world's capital markets for corporate and institutional clients, governments, financial intermediaries, alternative asset managers and private investors.
The Corporate Center provides and manages support and control functions for the Group in such areas as risk control, finance, legal and compliance, funding, capital and balance sheet management, management of non-trading risk, communication and branding, human resources, information technology, real estate, procurement, corporate development and service centres. Most costs and personnel of the Corporate Center are allocated to the business divisions.
Management report
Net profit attributable to UBS shareholders was CHF 1,290 million in the fourth quarter, compared with CHF 1,664 million in the third quarter. Increased net fee and commission income was more than offset by increases in general and administrative expenses, credit loss expense and a smaller net tax benefit compared with the third quarter.
| For the quarter ended | % change from | Year ended | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHF million | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | 3Q10 | 4Q09 | 31.12.10 | 31.12.09 |
| Continuing operations | |||||||
| Interest income | 4,591 | 4,620 | 4,681 | (1) | (2) | 18,872 | 23,461 |
| Interest expense | (2,888) | (3,019) | (2,932) | (4) | (2) | (12,657) | (17,016) |
| Net interest income | 1,703 | 1,601 | 1,749 | 6 | (3) | 6,215 | 6,446 |
| Credit loss (expense)/recovery | (164) | 30 | (83) | 98 | (66) | (1,832) | |
| Net interest income after credit loss expense | 1,539 | 1,631 | 1,667 | (6) | (8) | 6,149 | 4,614 |
| Net fee and commission income | 4,444 | 3,978 | 4,438 | 12 | 0 | 17,160 | 17,712 |
| Net trading income | 766 | 868 | (62) | (12) | 7,452 | (324) | |
| Other income | 373 | 180 | 52 | 107 | 617 | 1,214 | 599 |
| Total operating income | 7,122 | 6,658 | 6,095 | 7 | 17 | 31,975 | 22,601 |
| Personnel expenses | 3,851 | 3,977 | 3,323 | (3) | 16 | 16,994 | 16,543 |
| General and administrative expenses | 1,854 | 1,634 | 1,547 | 13 | 20 | 6,545 | 6,248 |
| Depreciation of property and equipment | 231 | 196 | 280 | 18 | (18) | 918 | 1,048 |
| Impairment of goodwill | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1,123 | ||
| Amortization of intangible assets | 26 | 33 | 33 | (21) | (21) | 117 | 200 |
| Total operating expenses | 5,962 | 5,840 | 5,183 | 2 | 15 | 24,573 | 25,162 |
| Operating profit from continuing operations before tax | 1,161 | 818 | 912 | 42 | 27 | 7,402 | (2,561) |
| Tax expense /(benefit) | (149) | (825) | (480) | 82 | 69 | (61) | (443) |
| Net profit from continuing operations | 1,310 | 1,643 | 1,392 | (20) | (6) | 7,463 | (2,118) |
| Discontinued operations | |||||||
| Profit from discontinued operations before tax | 0 | 0 | (25) | 100 | 2 | (7) | |
| Tax expense | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Net profit from discontinued operations | 0 | 0 | (25) | 100 | 2 | (7) | |
| Net profit | 1,310 | 1,643 | 1,368 | (20) | (4) | 7,465 | (2,125) |
| Net profit attributable to non-controlling interests | 21 | (21) | 163 | (87) | 304 | 610 | |
| from continuing operations | 21 | (21) | 162 | (87) | 303 | 600 | |
| from discontinued operations | 0 | 0 | 1 | (100) | 1 | 10 | |
| Net profit attributable to UBS shareholders | 1,290 | 1,664 | 1,205 | (22) | 7 | 7,161 | (2,736) |
| from continuing operations | 1,290 | 1,664 | 1,231 | (22) | 5 | 7,160 | (2,719) |
| from discontinued operations | 0 | 0 | (26) | 100 | 1 | (17) | |
| Performance by business division | |||||||
| Wealth Management | 488 | 492 | 674 | (1) | (28) | 2,334 | 2,280 |
| Retail & Corporate | 387 | 446 | 435 | (13) | (11) | 1,772 | 1,629 |
| Wealth Management & Swiss Bank | 875 | 938 | 1,109 | (7) | (21) | 4,106 | 3,910 |
| Wealth Management Americas | (33) | (47) | 178 | 30 | (131) | 32 | |
| Global Asset Management | 135 | 114 | 284 | 18 | (52) | 503 | 438 |
| Investment Bank | 75 | (406) | 297 | (75) | 2,172 | (6,081) | |
| Treasury activities and other corporate items | 109 | 219 | (956) | (50) | 753 | (860) | |
| Operating profit from continuing operations before tax | 1,161 | 818 | 912 | 42 | 27 | 7,402 | (2,561) |
Total operating income was CHF 7,122 million compared with CHF 6,658 million in the prior quarter.
Net interest and trading income is analyzed below under the relevant business activities in order to provide a more comprehensive explanation of the movements.
Net income from trading businesses was CHF 968 million, up from CHF 813 million in the third quarter.
Equities trading revenues increased primarily due to higher revenues in the equities derivatives business. Fixed income, currencies and commodities trading revenues were slightly up, as an increase in trading revenues of macro was partially offset by lower trading revenues in other parts of the business.
An own credit loss on financial liabilities designated at fair value of CHF 509 million was recorded in the quarter, compared with a CHF 387 million loss in the third quarter. This loss was primarily due to a tightening of our credit spreads over the quarter. Debit valuation adjustments on derivatives in the Investment Bank's Fixed income, currencies and commodities business were negative CHF 18 million compared with negative CHF 117 million in the previous quarter.
Net income from interest margin businesses was CHF 1,189 million compared with CHF 1,150 million in the third quarter.
The increase primarily resulted from Wealth Management Americas and treasury-related interest income in Wealth Management & Swiss Bank, partially offset by the effect of the strengthening of the Swiss franc against the euro and the US dollar.
Net income from treasury activities and other was CHF 311 million compared with CHF 506 million in the prior quarter.
The fourth quarter included a gain of CHF 153 million on the valuation of our option to acquire the SNB StabFund's equity, compared with a gain of CHF 293 million in the previous quarter. Net income from treasury activities was negatively affected by the strengthening of the Swiss franc against other major currencies.
➔ Refer to "Note 11b Fair value of financial instruments" in the "Financial information" section of this report for more information on the valuation of our option to acquire the SNB Stab-Fund's equity
We experienced a net credit loss expense of CHF 164 million in the fourth quarter, compared with a net credit loss recovery of CHF 30 million in the third quarter.
The Investment Bank reported a net credit loss expense of CHF 108 million in the fourth quarter, primarily due to impairment charges on student loan auction rate securities. In the third quarter, the Investment Bank reported a net credit loss recovery of CHF 35 million.
| For the quarter ended | Year ended | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHF million | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | 3Q10 | 4Q09 | 31.12.10 | 31.12.09 |
| Net interest and trading income | |||||||
| Net interest income | 1,703 | 1,601 | 1,749 | 6 | (3) | 6,215 | 6,446 |
| Net trading income | 766 | 868 | (62) | (12) | 7,452 | (324) | |
| Total net interest and trading income | 2,469 | 2,469 | 1,688 | 0 | 46 | 13,667 | 6,122 |
| Breakdown by businesses | |||||||
| Net income from trading businesses1 | 968 | 813 | 1,025 | 19 | (6) | 7,489 | 382 |
| Net income from interest margin businesses | 1,189 | 1,150 | 1,229 | 3 | (3) | 4,624 | 5,053 |
| Net income from treasury activities and other | 311 | 506 | (566) | (39) | 1,554 | 687 | |
| Total net interest and trading income | 2,469 | 2,469 | 1,688 | 0 | 46 | 13,667 | 6,122 |
1 Includes lending activities of the Investment Bank.
| For the quarter ended | % change from | Year ended | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHF million | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | 3Q10 | 4Q09 | 31.12.10 | 31.12.09 |
| Wealth Management | 8 | 3 | 42 | 167 | (81) | 11 | 45 |
| Retail & Corporate | (63) | (7) | (51) | 800 | 24 | (76) | (178) |
| Wealth Management & Swiss Bank | (56) | (4) | (9) | 522 | (64) | (133) | |
| Wealth Management Americas | (1) | 0 | 1 | (1) | 3 | ||
| Investment Bank | (108) | 35 | (70) | 54 | 0 | (1,698) | |
| of which: related to reclassified securities1 | (57) | 15 | (37) | 54 | (133) | (425) | |
| of which: related to acquired securities | (25) | (2) | (18) | 39 | (39) | (18) | |
| Treasury activities and other corporate items | 0 | 0 | (5) | (100) | 0 | (5) | |
| Total | (164) | 30 | (83) | 98 | (66) | (1,832) |
1 Refer to "Note 12 Reclassification of financial assets" in the "Financial information" section of this report.
Wealth Management & Swiss Bank reported a net credit loss expense of CHF 56 million in the fourth quarter, primarily due to loan loss provisions related to a small number of clients. In the prior quarter, Wealth Management & Swiss Bank reported a net credit loss expense of CHF 4 million.
➔ Refer to the "Risk management and control" section of this report for more information on credit risk and on impairments on student loan auction rate securities
Net fee and commission income was CHF 4,444 million, compared with CHF 3,978 million in the previous quarter.
Other income was CHF 373 million in the fourth quarter compared with CHF 180 million in the previous quarter.
The fourth quarter included a gain of CHF 158 million from the sale of a property in Zurich, and net gains from the disposal of investments in associates of CHF 78 million.
Personnel expenses were CHF 3,851 million compared with CHF 3,977 million, primarily due to a decrease in variable compensation.
➔ Refer to "Note 6 Personnel expenses" in the "Financial information" section of this report for more information
General and administrative expenses were CHF 1,854 million in the fourth quarter, up 13% from CHF 1,634 million in the third quarter. This was due to higher IT outsourcing costs and professional fees, an increase in administration expenses due to a charge of CHF 40 million booked by Wealth Management & Swiss Bank to reimburse the Swiss government for costs incurred in connection with the US cross-border matter, and an increase in litigation provisions. The quarter included litigation provisions of CHF 230 million.
Depreciation of property and equipment was CHF 231 million, up CHF 35 million from the third quarter. The fourth quarter included increased depreciation of IT and communication equipment due to new purchases. The third quarter included a reversal of a reinstatement provision for leasehold improvements of CHF 16 million. Amortization of intangible assets was CHF 26 million compared with CHF 33 million in the previous quarter.
We recognized a net income tax benefit in our income statement of CHF 149 million in the fourth quarter.
This reflects the benefit of a further write-up of deferred tax assets of CHF 391 million for US and Swiss tax losses incurred in previous years, following the write-up that was made in the third quarter for interim reporting purposes, based on the updated profit forecast assumptions over a five-year time horizon used for recognition purposes. This benefit was partially offset by tax expenses of CHF 242 million in respect of taxable profits of Group entities.
In the fourth quarter, the Parent Bank adopted for its statutory financial statements a change in the Swiss Accounting standards that permits to designate issued structured products to be accounted for at fair value through profit or loss (excluding own credit changes). The adoption of this accounting change by the Parent Bank resulted in an increase in the deferred tax assets related to Swiss tax loss carryforwards of approximately CHF 80 million in the Group financial statements, which is included in the CHF 391 million write-up of deferred tax assets.
Net profit attributable to non-controlling interests was CHF 21 million, compared with a loss of CHF 21 million in the third quarter. The fourth quarter included the recognition of dividend obligations of CHF 23 million for preferred securities, whereas the previous quarter included a CHF 26 million reversal of accrued dividends on preferred securities called for redemption.
Comprehensive income attributable to UBS shareholders includes all changes in equity (including net profit) attributed to UBS shareholders during a period, except those resulting from investments by and distributions to shareholders as well as equitysettled share-based payments. Items included in comprehensive income, but not in net profit, are reported under other comprehensive income (OCI). Most of those items are recognized in net profit when the underlying item is sold or realized.
Comprehensive income attributable to UBS shareholders was negative CHF 769 million, as net profit attributable to UBS shareholders of CHF 1,290 million was more than offset by losses of CHF 2,058 million recognized in OCI attributable to UBS shareholders. OCI attributable to UBS shareholders was negative in the fourth quarter due to: (1) changes in the replacement values of interest rate swaps designated as hedging instruments of CHF 1,175 million (net of tax); (2) fair value losses on financial investments available-for-sale of CHF 603 million (net of tax); and (3) losses in the currency translation account of CHF 280 million (net of tax) related to the Swiss franc carrying value of investments in subsidiaries whose reporting currencies are other than Swiss francs.
The fair value of US dollar, euro and British pound fix-receiver interest rate swaps designated to manage interest rate risk on deposits decreased in the fourth quarter, due to upward shifts in underlying LIBOR curves and adverse currency effects. Fair value losses on financial investments available-for-sale predominantly relate to our fixed-interest bearing long-term bond portfolio, which consists of US and UK government bonds. During the fourth quarter, the fair value of this portfolio decreased, predominantly due to rising market interest rates. Foreign currency translation-related OCI losses attributable to UBS shareholders of CHF 709 million (net of tax) largely resulted from the strengthening of the Swiss franc against the US dollar, British pound and euro. We have foreign operations conducted through entities with these functional currencies. These losses in foreign currency translation were partially offset by an out-of-period credit of CHF 429 million resulting from the correction of prior period misstatements.
➔ Refer to the "Statement of comprehensive income" and "Note 1 Basis of accounting" in the "Financial information" section of this report for more information
| For the quarter ended | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | 31.12.10 | 31.12.09 | ||
| 0.0 | 1.0 | (32.9) | (12.1) | (87.1) | |
| 2.7 | (0.1) | (0.3) | 2.0 | (2.7) | |
| 2.7 | 0.9 | (33.2) | (10.0) | (89.8) | |
| 3.4 | 0.3 | (12.0) | (6.1) | (11.6) | |
| 2.3 | (1.5) | (13.2) | 4.2 | (40.6) | |
| (1.5) | 1.9 | 0.9 | (3.2) | (6.7) | |
| 0.2 | (0.3) | 1.3 | 0.6 | 1.4 | |
| 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| 1.0 | 0.0 | (11.0) | 1.8 | (45.8) | |
| 31.12.10 |
1 Excludes interest and dividend income.
In Wealth Management, net new money inflows were very small compared with CHF 1.0 billion in the prior quarter.
In Wealth Management Americas, net new money inflows were CHF 3.4 billion, an improvement from CHF 0.3 billion in the third quarter.
In Global Asset Management, net new money inflows were CHF 1.0 billion compared with very small net inflows in the prior quarter.
Invested assets were CHF 2,152 billion on 31 December 2010 compared with CHF 2,180 billion on 30 September 2010. Positive market movements and net new money inflows were more than offset by the depreciation of the US dollar and euro against the Swiss franc.
➔ Refer to the various discussions of invested assets in the "UBS business divisions" section of this report for more information
UBS employed 64,617 personnel on 31 December 2010, compared with 64,583 personnel on 30 September 2010.
Net profit attributable to UBS shareholders was CHF 7,161 million compared with a net loss of CHF 2,736 million. This increase was primarily due to an improvement in trading income, a reduction in credit loss expense, and goodwill impairment charges in 2009.
Trading income increased primarily due to the improvement in the fixed income, currencies and commodities business. Credit loss expense decreased to CHF 66 million in 2010 compared with CHF 1,832 million in 2009.
Operating expenses were lower at CHF 24,573 million compared with CHF 25,162 million. Operating expenses in 2010 included CHF 113 million of restructuring charges, while operating expenses in 2009 included goodwill impairment charges of CHF 1,123 million and restructuring charges of CHF 791 million.
Personnel expenses increased to CHF 16,994 million from CHF 16,543 million. Personnel expenses recorded in 2010 include discretionary variable compensation expenses of CHF 4.2 billion, of which CHF 1.5 billion relate to variable compensation brought forward from prior years, and a charge of CHF 0.2 billion for the UK Bank Payroll Tax. The discretionary bonus pool granted to employees for the performance year 2010 was CHF 4.3 billion, 10% lower than in the previous year. Of this amount, CHF 2.7 billion is recognized in the income statement in 2010, and CHF 1.6 billion will be deferred to 2011 and later.
Net profit attributable to non-controlling interests for 2010 was CHF 304 million compared with CHF 610 million for 2009. This decrease is primarily the consequence of the attribution in 2009 rather than in 2010 of CHF 132 million of net profit to noncontrolling interests in connection with certain dividends payable in 2010 on hybrid capital instruments classified as non-owner equity. This attribution was made out of 2009's net profit following a determination that a triggering event had occurred that caused the 2010 dividend payments to become obligatory under the terms of these hybrid capital instruments. The triggering event was the cash payment made by UBS in 2009 to the Swiss Confederation in consideration of the Confederation's waiver of its right to receive future coupon payments on the mandatory convertible notes due 2011. Had the 2010 dividend payments been applied to net profit in 2010 rather than in 2009, the net profit attributed to non-controlling interests would have been CHF 478 million in 2009 and CHF 436 million in 2010.
| As of | % change from | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHF billion | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 |
| Wealth Management | 768 | 787 | 825 | (2) | (7) |
| Retail & Corporate | 136 | 133 | 135 | 2 | 1 |
| Wealth Management & Swiss Bank | 904 | 920 | 960 | (2) | (6) |
| Wealth Management Americas | 689 | 693 | 690 | (1) | 0 |
| Traditional investments | 487 | 492 | 502 | (1) | (3) |
| Alternative and quantitative investments | 34 | 36 | 41 | (6) | (17) |
| Global real estate | 36 | 37 | 39 | (3) | (8) |
| Infrastructure | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Global Asset Management | 559 | 567 | 583 | (1) | (4) |
| Total | 2,152 | 2,180 | 2,233 | (1) | (4) |
| As of | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Full-time equivalents | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | |
| Switzerland | 23,284 | 23,357 | 24,050 | 0 | (3) | |
| UK | 6,634 | 6,556 | 6,204 | 1 | 7 | |
| Rest of Europe | 4,122 | 4,121 | 4,145 | 0 | (1) | |
| Middle East/Africa | 137 | 139 | 134 | (1) | 2 | |
| USA | 22,031 | 22,097 | 22,702 | 0 | (3) | |
| Rest of Americas | 1,147 | 1,141 | 1,132 | 1 | 1 | |
| Asia Pacific | 7,263 | 7,172 | 6,865 | 1 | 6 | |
| Total | 64,617 | 64,583 | 65,233 | 0 | (1) |
| As of | % change from | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Full-time equivalents | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 |
| Wealth Management | 15,663 | 15,534 | 15,408 | 1 | 2 |
| Retail & Corporate | 12,089 | 12,079 | 12,140 | 0 | 0 |
| Wealth Management & Swiss Bank | 27,752 | 27,613 | 27,548 | 1 | 1 |
| Wealth Management Americas | 16,330 | 16,308 | 16,925 | 0 | (4) |
| Global Asset Management | 3,481 | 3,461 | 3,471 | 1 | 0 |
| Investment Bank | 16,860 | 17,006 | 15,666 | (1) | 8 |
| Treasury activities and other corporate items | 194 | 194 | 1,624 | 0 | (88) |
| Total | 64,617 | 64,583 | 65,233 | 0 | (1) |
| of which: personnel managed centrally | 19,406 | 19,583 | 19,993 | (1) | (3) |
Management report
| As of or for the quarter ended | % change from | Year ended | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHF million, except where indicated | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | 3Q10 | 4Q09 | 31.12.10 | 31.12.09 | |
| Income | 2,790 | 2,729 | 2,778 | 2 | 0 | 11,291 | 11,523 | |
| Credit loss (expense)/recovery | (56) | (4) | (9) | 522 | (64) | (133) | ||
| Total operating income | 2,734 | 2,725 | 2,769 | 0 | (1) | 11,226 | 11,390 | |
| Personnel expenses | 1,207 | 1,194 | 1,059 | 1 | 14 | 4,792 | 5,197 | |
| General and administrative expenses | 579 | 528 | 510 | 10 | 14 | 2,061 | 2,017 | |
| Services (to)/from other business divisions | (13) | (12) | (10) | (8) | (30) | (61) | (90) | |
| Depreciation of property and equipment | 84 | 67 | 96 | 25 | (13) | 309 | 289 | |
| Amortization of intangible assets | 3 | 9 | 5 | (67) | (40) | 19 | 67 | |
| Total operating expenses | 1,859 | 1,787 | 1,660 | 4 | 12 | 7,121 | 7,480 | |
| Business division performance before tax | 875 | 938 | 1,109 | (7) | (21) | 4,106 | 3,910 | |
| Key performance indicators1 | ||||||||
| Pre-tax profit growth (%) | (6.7) | (17.1) | 40.0 | 5.0 | (35.0) | |||
| Cost/income ratio (%) | 66.6 | 65.5 | 59.8 | 63.1 | 64.9 | |||
| Net new money (CHF billion)2 | 2.7 | 0.9 | (33.2) | (10.0) | (89.8) | |||
| Additional information | ||||||||
| Average attributed equity (CHF billion)3 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Return on attributed equity (RoaE) (%) | 45.6 | 43.4 | ||||||
| BIS risk-weighted assets (CHF billion) | 43.4 | 45.1 | 48.6 | (4) | (11) | |||
| Return on risk-weighted assets, gross (%) | 24.3 | 21.7 | ||||||
| Goodwill and intangible assets (CHF billion) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 0 | (6) | |||
| Invested assets (CHF billion) | 904 | 920 | 960 | (2) | (6) | |||
| Client assets (CHF billion) | 1,799 | 1,798 | 1,844 | 0 | (2) | |||
| Personnel (full-time equivalents) | 27,752 | 27,613 | 27,548 | 1 | 1 |
1 For the definitions of our key performance indicators, refer to the "Measurement and analysis of performance" section on page 33 of our Annual Report 2009. 2 Excludes interest and dividend income. 3 Refer to the "Capital management" section of this report for more information about the equity attribution framework.
Pre-tax profit was CHF 488 million compared with CHF 492 million in the previous quarter. Excluding a charge of CHF 40 million to reimburse the Swiss government for costs incurred in connection with the US cross-border matter, pre-tax profit increased CHF 36 million, or 7%, compared with the third quarter. This was due to a 3% increase in operating income as client trading activity increased, and despite headwinds resulting from the strengthening of the Swiss franc.
| As of or for the quarter ended | % change from | Year ended | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHF million, except where indicated | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | 3Q10 | 4Q09 | 31.12.10 | 31.12.09 | |
| Recurring income | 1,293 | 1,335 | 1,342 | (3) | (4) | 5,411 | 5,696 | |
| Non-recurring income | 502 | 421 | 416 | 19 | 21 | 1,934 | 1,731 | |
| Income | 1,795 | 1,756 | 1,758 | 2 | 2 | 7,345 | 7,427 | |
| Credit loss (expense)/recovery | 8 | 3 | 42 | 167 | (81) | 11 | 45 | |
| Total operating income | 1,803 | 1,759 | 1,800 | 3 | 0 | 7,356 | 7,471 | |
| Personnel expenses | 797 | 793 | 647 | 1 | 23 | 3,167 | 3,360 | |
| General and administrative expenses | 362 | 311 | 278 | 16 | 30 | 1,224 | 1,182 | |
| Services (to)/from other business divisions | 111 | 119 | 149 | (7) | (26) | 449 | 428 | |
| Depreciation of property and equipment | 43 | 36 | 48 | 19 | (10) | 163 | 154 | |
| Amortization of intangible assets | 3 | 9 | 5 | (67) | (40) | 19 | 67 | |
| Total operating expenses | 1,315 | 1,267 | 1,127 | 4 | 17 | 5,023 | 5,191 | |
| Business unit performance before tax | 488 | 492 | 674 | (1) | (28) | 2,334 | 2,280 | |
| Key performance indicators1 | ||||||||
| Pre-tax profit growth (%) | (0.8) | (25.2) | 57.1 | 2.4 | (37.2) | |||
| Cost/income ratio (%) | 73.3 | 72.2 | 64.1 | 68.4 | 69.9 | |||
| Net new money (CHF billion)2 | 0.0 | 1.0 | (32.9) | (12.1) | (87.1) | |||
| Gross margin on invested assets (bps)3 | 92 | 89 | 88 | 3 | 5 | 92 | 91 | |
| Swiss wealth management | ||||||||
| Income | 385 | 374 | 362 | 3 | 6 | 1,543 | 1,488 | |
| Net new money (CHF billion)2 | 1.1 | 2.1 | (1.7) | 0.8 | (7.2) | |||
| Invested assets (CHF billion) | 137 | 137 | 140 | 0 | (2) | |||
| Gross margin on invested assets (bps) | 112 | 110 | 103 | 2 | 9 | 112 | 110 | |
| International wealth management | ||||||||
| Income | 1,410 | 1,382 | 1,397 | 2 | 1 | 5,802 | 5,939 | |
| Net new money (CHF billion)2 | (1.1) | (1.1) | (31.2) | (12.9) | (79.9) | |||
| Invested assets (CHF billion) | 631 | 650 | 685 | (3) | (8) | |||
| Gross margin on invested assets (bps)3 | 88 | 85 | 85 | 4 | 4 | 88 | 88 | |
| Additional information | ||||||||
| Average attributed equity (CHF billion)4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Return on attributed equity (RoaE) (%) | 53.0 | 51.8 | ||||||
| BIS risk-weighted assets (CHF billion) | 16.9 | 17.4 | 17.9 | (3) | (6) | |||
| Return on risk-weighted assets, gross (%) | 41.4 | 37.4 | ||||||
| Goodwill and intangible assets (CHF billion) | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 0 | (6) | |||
| Invested assets (CHF billion) | 768 | 787 | 825 | (2) | (7) | |||
| Client assets (CHF billion) | 920 | 945 | 1,005 | (3) | (8) | |||
| Personnel (full-time equivalents) | 15,663 | 15,534 | 15,408 | 1 | 2 | |||
| Client advisors (full-time equivalents) | 4,172 | 4,148 | 4,286 | 1 | (3) | |||
1 For the definitions of our key performance indicators, refer to the "Measurement and analysis of performance" section on page 33 of our Annual Report 2009. 2 Excludes interest and dividend income. 3 Excludes negative valuation adjustments on a property fund (4Q10: CHF 0 million, 3Q10: CHF 0 million; 4Q09: CHF 88 million; FY10: CHF 45 million; FY09: CHF 155 million). 4 Refer to the "Capital management" section of this report for more information about the equity attribution framework.
Total operating income improved to CHF 1,803 million compared with CHF 1,759 million in the prior quarter.
Recurring income was CHF 1,293 million compared with CHF 1,335 million in the previous quarter, mainly due to lower asset based fees. Interest income was flat as the effect of the strengthening of the Swiss franc against the euro and the US dollar was offset by additional treasury revenues.
Non-recurring income was CHF 502 million, up 19%, or CHF 81 million, compared with CHF 421 million in the third quarter. Brokerage fees and trading income were up compared with the third quarter as client activity increased.
A net credit loss recovery of CHF 8 million was recorded in the fourth quarter, compared with a recovery of CHF 3 million in the third quarter.
Operating expenses increased 4% to CHF 1,315 million from CHF 1,267 million, mainly due to a CHF 40 million charge to reimburse the Swiss government for costs incurred in connection with the US cross-border matter. Excluding this charge, operating expenses were virtually flat.
Personnel expenses remained stable at CHF 797 million. General and administrative expenses were up CHF 51 million compared with the previous quarter, mainly due to the abovementioned charge to reimburse the Swiss government.
Net charges from other businesses slightly decreased to CHF 111 million from CHF 119 million in the previous quarter.
Depreciation was up by CHF 7 million compared with the third quarter, and amortization of intangible assets decreased to CHF 3 million from CHF 9 million.
Net new money inflows were very small compared with net inflows of CHF 1.0 billion in the prior quarter. International wealth management reported net outflows of CHF 1.1 billion despite net inflows in the Asia Pacific region, in emerging markets and globally from ultra high net worth clients. Net new money in Europe was negative despite net inflows in a number of locations. Swiss wealth management reported net inflows of CHF 1.1 billion compared with CHF 2.1 billion in the third quarter.
Invested assets were CHF 768 billion on 31 December 2010, a decrease of CHF 19 billion from 30 September 2010. During the quarter, positive market performance was more than offset by a 7% decrease in the value of the euro, and a 5% decrease in the value of the US dollar against the Swiss franc. In Wealth Management, 31% of invested assets are denominated in euros and 31% in US dollars.
The gross margin on invested assets for Wealth Management stood at 92 basis points in the fourth quarter, an increase of 3 basis points compared with the prior quarter. This reflects a 2% increase in income, and a 1% reduction in the average invested asset base. The recurring income margin decreased 1 basis point to 67 basis points. The non-recurring income margin was up 4 basis points to 25 basis points, mainly reflecting increased client activity in the fourth quarter.
Wealth Management employed 15,663 personnel on 31 December 2010, compared with 15,534 on 30 September 2010. The number of client advisors increased to 4,172 at the end of the fourth quarter, mainly due to selective hiring in the Asia Pacific region.
Pre-tax profit increased 2% to CHF 2,334 million from CHF 2,280 million. This improvement was mainly due to a 3% reduction in operating expenses.
Total operating income declined to CHF 7,356 million from CHF 7,471 million in 2009. Recurring income was down 5%, mainly due to lower interest income resulting from low market interest rates and a decrease in the value of the euro and US dollar against the Swiss franc. Fee income was down, mainly impacted by a lower average asset base. Non-recurring income was up 12% as trading income increased, and as 2009 included higher revaluation adjustments on a property fund. Credit loss recoveries were CHF 11 million in 2010, down from CHF 45 million in 2009.
Operating expenses were down 3% compared with 2009. Personnel expenses were down 6% to CHF 3,167 million reflecting restructuring costs in 2009. Non-personnel expenses were up by CHF 24 million to CHF 1,855 million, mainly due to higher general and administrative expenses in relation to the abovementioned charge to reimburse the Swiss government, and higher sponsoring and branding costs related to the global re-launch of the UBS brand.
➔ Refer to "Note 1 Basis of accounting" in the "Financial information" section of this report for more information on allocation of additional Corporate Center costs to business divisions from first quarter 2010 onwards
Pre-tax profit was CHF 387 million compared with CHF 446 million in the previous quarter, mainly resulting from higher credit loss expenses.
| As of or for the quarter ended | % change from | Year ended | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHF million, except where indicated | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | 3Q10 | 4Q09 | 31.12.10 | 31.12.09 |
| Net interest income | 617 | 592 | 668 | 4 | (8) | 2,422 | 2,681 |
| Non-interest income | 378 | 381 | 352 | (1) | 7 | 1,524 | 1,415 |
| Income | 995 | 973 | 1,020 | 2 | (2) | 3,946 | 4,096 |
| Credit loss (expense)/recovery | (63) | (7) | (51) | 800 | 24 | (76) | (178) |
| Total operating income | 931 | 966 | 968 | (4) | (4) | 3,870 | 3,918 |
| Personnel expenses | 410 | 402 | 412 | 2 | 0 | 1,625 | 1,836 |
| General and administrative expenses | 217 | 217 | 232 | 0 | (6) | 836 | 835 |
| Services (to)/from other business divisions | (124) | (130) | (159) | 5 | 22 | (509) | (518) |
| Depreciation of property and equipment | 41 | 32 | 49 | 28 | (16) | 146 | 136 |
| Total operating expenses | 544 | 520 | 533 | 5 | 2 | 2,098 | 2,289 |
| Business unit performance before tax | 387 | 446 | 435 | (13) | (11) | 1,772 | 1,629 |
| Key performance indicators1 | |||||||
| Pre-tax profit growth (%) | (13.2) | (5.7) | 20.2 | 8.8 | (31.6) | ||
| Cost/income ratio (%) | 54.7 | 53.4 | 52.3 | 53.2 | 55.9 | ||
| Net new money (CHF billion)2 | 2.7 | (0.1) | (0.3) | 2.0 | (2.7) | ||
| Impaired lending portfolio as a % of total lending portfolio, gross | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.1 | ||||
| Additional information | |||||||
| Average attributed equity (CHF billion)3 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Return on attributed equity (RoaE) (%) | 38.5 | 35.4 | |||||
| BIS risk-weighted assets (CHF billion) | 26.5 | 27.7 | 30.8 | (4) | (14) | ||
| Return on risk-weighted assets, gross (%) | 13.7 | 12.3 | |||||
| Goodwill and intangible assets (CHF billion) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||||
| Invested assets (CHF billion) | 136 | 133 | 135 | 2 | 1 | ||
| Client assets (CHF billion) | 879 | 853 | 840 | 3 | 5 | ||
| Personnel (full-time equivalents) | 12,089 | 12,079 | 12,140 | 0 | 0 |
1 For the definitions of our key performance indicators, refer to the "Measurement and analysis of performance" section on page 33 of our Annual Report 2009. 2 Excludes interest and dividend income. 3 Refer to the "Capital management" section of this report for more information about the equity attribution framework.
Total operating income was CHF 931 million, down from CHF 966 million in the third quarter. Credit loss expenses increased to CHF 63 million from CHF 7 million, primarily due to loan loss provisions related to a small number of clients. Excluding credit loss expenses, operating income increased to CHF 995 million from CHF 973 million.
Net interest income was CHF 617 million, up CHF 25 million from the prior quarter, reflecting additional treasury revenues that also include a breakage fee from one large client. Non-interest income, at CHF 378 million, was stable compared with the previous quarter.
Operating expenses increased by CHF 24 million to CHF 544 million.
Personnel expenses were up CHF 8 million, largely due to business realignments between Wealth Management and Retail & Corporate, which led to a shift of employees and related full-year 2010 costs to Retail & Corporate.
Non-personnel expenses increased by CHF 16 million compared with the previous quarter, mainly due to higher depreciation arising from IT investments.
Invested assets were CHF 136 billion on 31 December 2010, up by CHF 3 billion from 30 September 2010. This mainly reflects net new money inflows and higher equity markets, partly offset by a 7% decrease in the value of the euro and a 5% decrease of the US dollar against the Swiss franc.
Retail & Corporate employed 12,089 personnel on 31 December 2010 compared with 12,079 on 30 September 2010. This small increase was mainly the result of the abovementioned business realignment, which was partially compensated by a reduction of personnel in other areas.
Pre-tax profit increased 9% to CHF 1,772 million from CHF 1,629 million.
Total operating income was virtually unchanged at CHF 3,870 million compared with CHF 3,918 million in 2009. Net interest income was 10% lower in comparison with 2009, as low market interest rates continued to exert downward pressure on interest margins. This was only partially compensated by higher volumes in certain products compared with 2009, and higher margins on new mortgage loans. Non-interest income increased 8%, reflecting higher fee and trading income. Credit loss expense was CHF 76 million in 2010, a decline of CHF 102 million compared with 2009.
Operating expenses were reduced 8% compared with 2009. Personnel expenses decreased 11% to CHF 1,625 million, reflecting 2009 personnel reductions and corresponding restructuring expenses. Non-personnel expenses were CHF 473 million, up from CHF 453 million in 2009.
➔ Refer to "Note 1 Basis of accounting" in the "Financial information" section of this report for more information on allocation of additional Corporate Center costs to business divisions from first quarter 2010 onwards
The pre-tax result was a loss of CHF 33 million in the fourth quarter compared with a loss of CHF 47 million in the third quarter. While operating income increased, the quarter included litigation provisions of CHF 152 million. Net new money inflows improved substantially during the quarter, with strong performance from financial advisors employed with UBS for more than one year.
| As of or for the quarter ended | % change from | Year ended | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHF million, except where indicated | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | 3Q10 | 4Q09 | 31.12.10 | 31.12.09 | |
| Recurring income | 859 | 840 | 812 | 2 | 6 | 3,472 | 3,256 | |
| Non-recurring income | 521 | 498 | 582 | 5 | (10) | 2,093 | 2,290 | |
| Income | 1,380 | 1,338 | 1,394 | 3 | (1) | 5,565 | 5,546 | |
| Credit loss (expense)/recovery | (1) | 0 | 1 | (1) | 3 | |||
| Total operating income | 1,379 | 1,338 | 1,395 | 3 | (1) | 5,564 | 5,550 | |
| Personnel expenses | 1,003 | 1,031 | 946 | (3) | 6 | 4,226 | 4,231 | |
| Financial advisor compensation1 | 517 | 498 | 423 | 4 | 22 | 2,068 | 1,828 | |
| Compensation commitments and advances related to recruited FAs2 | 141 | 148 | 150 | (5) | (6) | 599 | 599 | |
| Salaries and other personnel costs | 345 | 385 | 373 | (10) | (8) | 1,559 | 1,804 | |
| General and administrative expenses | 359 | 303 | 226 | 18 | 59 | 1,223 | 1,017 | |
| Services (to)/from other business divisions | (2) | 3 | (6) | 67 | (6) | 4 | ||
| Depreciation of property and equipment | 39 | 33 | 37 | 18 | 5 | 198 | 170 | |
| Impairment of goodwill | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 34 | |||
| Amortization of intangible assets | 13 | 13 | 14 | 0 | (7) | 55 | 62 | |
| Total operating expenses | 1,412 | 1,384 | 1,217 | 2 | 16 | 5,695 | 5,518 | |
| Business division performance before tax | (33) | (47) | 178 | 30 | (131) | 32 | ||
| Key performance indicators3 | ||||||||
| Pre-tax profit growth (%)4 | N/A | N/A | 61.8 | N/A | N/A | |||
| Cost/income ratio (%) | 102.3 | 103.4 | 87.3 | 102.3 | 99.5 | |||
| Net new money (CHF billion)5 | 3.4 | 0.3 | (12.0) | (6.1) | (11.6) | |||
| Gross margin on invested assets (bps) | 80 | 77 | 81 | 4 | (1) | 80 | 81 | |
| Additional information | ||||||||
| Average attributed equity (CHF billion)6 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Return on attributed equity (RoaE) (%) | (1.6) | 0.4 | ||||||
| BIS risk-weighted assets (CHF billion) | 23.8 | 23.8 | 22.8 | 0 | 4 | |||
| Return on risk-weighted assets, gross (%) | 23.8 | 23.5 | ||||||
| Goodwill and intangible assets (CHF billion) | 3.7 | 3.9 | 4.2 | (5) | (12) | |||
| Invested assets (CHF billion) | 689 | 693 | 690 | (1) | 0 | |||
| Client assets (CHF billion) | 738 | 743 | 737 | (1) | 0 | |||
| Personnel (full-time equivalents) | 16,330 | 16,308 | 16,925 | 0 | (4) | |||
| Financial advisors (full-time equivalents) | 6,796 | 6,783 | 7,084 | 0 | (4) |
1 Financial advisor compensation consists of grid-based compensation based directly on compensable revenues generated by financial advisors and supplemental compensation calculated based on financial advisor productivity, firm tenure, assets and other variables. 2 Compensation commitments and advances related to recruited financial advisors (FAs) represents costs related to compensation commitments and advances granted to financial advisors at the time of recruitment, which are subject to vesting requirements. 3 For the definitions of our key performance indicators, refer to the "Measurement and analysis of performance" section on page 33 of our Annual Report 2009. 4 Not meaningful if either the current period or the comparison period is a loss period. 5 Excludes interest and dividend income. 6 Refer to the "Capital management" section of this report for more information about the equity attribution framework.
| Year ended | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | 3Q10 | 4Q09 | 31.12.10 | 31.12.09 |
| 3.8 | 0.0 | (11.3) | (5.5) | (9.8) | ||
| 9.2 | 4.3 | (6.2) | 13.1 | 10.0 | ||
| (8) | (20) | 207 | 60 | (22) | 155 | |
| 100.5 | 101.4 | 85.5 | 100.4 | 97.3 | ||
| 4.8 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4 | 4 | ||
| Business division reporting excluding PaineWebber acquisition costs3 | As of or for the quarter ended | % change from |
1 Excludes interest and dividend income. 2 For purposes of comparison with US peers. 3 Acquisition costs represent goodwill and intangible assets funding costs and intangible asset amortization costs related to UBS's 2000 acquisition of the PaineWebber retail brokerage business. 4 Refer to the "Capital management" section of this report for more information about the equity attribution framework.
Total operating income increased 3% to CHF 1,379 million from CHF 1,338 million in the previous quarter. In US dollar terms, operating income improved 7% to its highest level since third quarter 2008.
Recurring income increased 2% due to higher managed account fees and an increase in net interest income, as client balances in securities-based lending and mortgages increased. Recurring income was 62% of total operating income, down from 63% in the prior quarter. Non-recurring income increased 5% due to higher transactional revenue, partly offset by lower municipal trading income.
Total operating expenses increased 2% to CHF 1,412 million from CHF 1,384 million. This corresponds to an increase of 6% in US dollars.
Personnel expenses decreased 3% to CHF 1,003 million from CHF 1,031 million. In US dollar terms, personnel costs increased 1% due to higher financial advisor compensation related to higher revenue production. Partly offsetting this increase was a decline in salaries and other personnel costs due to lower variable compensation, along with a decrease in expenses of compensation commitments and advances related to recruited financial advisors. Compensation advance balances related to recruited financial advisors declined to CHF 3,112 million at the end of the quarter from CHF 3,306 million as of 30 September 2010, due primarily to currency translation effects. Non-personnel expenses increased 16% to CHF 409 million from CHF 353 million. General and administrative costs increased 18% as a result of a 33% increase in litigation provisions.
➔ Refer to "Note 14 Litigation and regulatory matters" in the "Financial information" section of this report for more information on litigation
Net new money inflows were CHF 3.4 billion, an improvement from net inflows of CHF 0.3 billion in the third quarter.
The Wealth Management US business net new money inflows were CHF 3.8 billion compared with very small inflows in the prior quarter. This was the result of an improvement in net inflows from financial advisors employed with UBS for more than one year, the fourth consecutive quarter of positive net new money from this population. In addition, improved net inflows from financial advisor recruiting were partially offset by attrition.
Including interest and dividend income, the Wealth Management US business had net new money inflows of CHF 9.2 billion compared with inflows of CHF 4.3 billion in the prior quarter, marking the third consecutive quarter of net inflows. Including interest and dividend income only from Wealth Management US, Wealth Management Americas had net new money inflows of CHF 8.8 billion in the fourth quarter, compared with CHF 4.6 billion in the third quarter.
Invested assets decreased 1%, or CHF 4 billion, to CHF 689 billion on 31 December 2010. However, in US dollar terms, invested assets increased 5% due to positive market performance and net new money inflows.
The gross margin on invested assets increased 3 basis points to 80 basis points, due to a 3% increase in income compared with the prior quarter, while average invested assets were relatively flat. The recurring income margin increased 2 basis points to 50 basis points, corresponding to a 2% increase in recurring income. The non-recurring income margin increased 1 basis point to 30 basis points, corresponding to a 5% increase in non-recurring income. In US dollar terms, the gross margin on invested assets was stable at 79 basis points as income and average invested assets both increased 7%.
Wealth Management Americas employed 16,330 personnel as of 31 December 2010, virtually unchanged from 16,308 on 30 September 2010. The number of financial advisors increased by 13 to 6,796, reflecting improved retention, with financial advisor turnover reaching its lowest quarterly level since 2006. The number of non-financial-advisor employees increased by 9 to 9,534, principally due to increased headcount within the Wealth Management US business. This increase was partially offset by a decrease in shared services personnel, of which a portion is allocated to Wealth Management Americas.
Wealth Management Americas reported a pre-tax loss of CHF 131 million in 2010, compared with a pre-tax profit of CHF 32 million in 2009. Excluding restructuring charges of CHF 162 million in 2010 and CHF 152 million in 2009, and a net goodwill impairment charge of CHF 19 million related to the sale of UBS Pactual in 2009, pre-tax results decreased to a profit of CHF 31 million in 2010 from a profit of CHF 203 million in 2009, primarily resulting from a significant increase in litigation provisions in 2010 to CHF 320 million from CHF 54 million in 2009.
Operating income of CHF 5,564 million was essentially flat compared with 2009, but increased 4% in US dollar terms. Recurring income increased 7%, mainly due to stronger managed account fees and higher mutual fund revenue, which was offset by a 9% decrease in non-recurring income. The decrease in nonrecurring income was principally due to a decline in municipal trading income, partly offset by higher commission income and a demutualization gain from Wealth Management Americas' stake in the Chicago Board Options Exchange.
Operating expenses increased 3% to CHF 5,695 million. Personnel costs decreased slightly to CHF 4,226 million, but increased 4% in US dollar terms. Personnel costs in 2010 included restructuring charges of CHF 35 million related to personnel reductions compared with CHF 71 million in 2009. Financial advisor compensation increased 13% as a result of higher revenue production and the introduction of the GrowthPlus compensation program in the first quarter of 2010. Compensation commitments and advances related to recruited financial advisors were flat, but increased 4% in US dollar terms. Salaries and other personnel costs decreased 14% due to lower salaries and other non-financial advisor related personnel costs resulting from restructuring initiatives in 2010 and 2009, partly offset by higher incentive compensation. Non-personnel costs increased 14% to CHF 1,470 million. Excluding restructuring charges primarily related to real estate writedowns of CHF 127 million in 2010 and CHF 82 million in 2009, as well as the abovementioned net goodwill impairment charge, non-personnel expenses increased 13%, primarily due to higher general and administrative costs as litigation provisions increased significantly in 2010. In addition, non-personnel costs included a shift of expenses from the Corporate Center to the business divisions beginning in 2010.
➔ Refer to "Note 1 Basis of accounting" in the "Financial information" section of this report for more information on allocation of additional Corporate Center costs to business divisions from first quarter 2010 onwards
Global Asset Management's pre-tax profit was CHF 135 million in the fourth quarter compared with CHF 114 million in the third quarter. Higher performance fees, mainly in alternative and quantitative investments, were partly offset by higher personnel expenses.
| As of or for the quarter ended | % change from | Year ended | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHF million, except where indicated | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | 3Q10 | 4Q09 | 31.12.10 | 31.12.09 | |
| Net management fees1 | 470 | 462 | 487 | 2 | (3) | 1,918 | 1,904 | |
| Performance fees | 72 | 12 | 50 | 500 | 44 | 141 | 233 | |
| Total operating income | 542 | 473 | 537 | 15 | 1 | 2,058 | 2,137 | |
| Personnel expenses | 286 | 248 | 139 | 15 | 106 | 1,109 | 996 | |
| General and administrative expenses | 109 | 99 | 93 | 10 | 17 | 400 | 387 | |
| Services (to)/from other business divisions | 0 | 1 | 7 | (100) | (100) | (5) | (74) | |
| Depreciation of property and equipment | 11 | 10 | 11 | 10 | 0 | 43 | 36 | |
| Impairment of goodwill | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 340 | |||
| Amortization of intangible assets | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 13 | |
| Total operating expenses | 407 | 359 | 253 | 13 | 61 | 1,555 | 1,698 | |
| Business division performance before tax | 135 | 114 | 284 | 18 | (52) | 503 | 438 | |
| Key performance indicators2 | ||||||||
| Pre-tax profit growth (%) | 18.4 | (2.6) | 118.5 | 14.8 | (67.1) | |||
| Cost/income ratio (%) | 75.1 | 75.9 | 47.1 | 75.6 | 79.5 | |||
| Information by business line | ||||||||
| Income | ||||||||
| Traditional investments | 303 | 300 | 319 | 1 | (5) | 1,259 | 1,319 | |
| Alternative and quantitative investments | 111 | 58 | 97 | 91 | 14 | 325 | 405 | |
| Global real estate | 74 | 65 | 60 | 14 | 23 | 258 | 185 | |
| Infrastructure | 4 | 3 | 4 | 33 | 0 | 14 | 13 | |
| Fund services | 49 | 46 | 56 | 7 | (13) | 202 | 214 | |
| Total operating income | 542 | 473 | 537 | 15 | 1 | 2,058 | 2,137 | |
| Gross margin on invested assets (bps) | ||||||||
| Traditional investments | 25 | 24 | 25 | 4 | 0 | 25 | 26 | |
| Alternative and quantitative investments | 126 | 64 | 98 | 97 | 29 | 88 | 102 | |
| Global real estate | 81 | 69 | 63 | 17 | 29 | 68 | 47 | |
| Infrastructure | 154 | 112 | 148 | 38 | 4 | 130 | 114 | |
| Total gross margin | 39 | 33 | 37 | 18 | 5 | 36 | 37 | |
| Net new money (CHF billion)3 | ||||||||
| Traditional investments | 2.3 | (1.5) | (13.2) | 4.2 | (40.6) | |||
| Alternative and quantitative investments | (1.5) | 1.9 | 0.9 | (3.2) | (6.7) | |||
| Global real estate | 0.2 | (0.3) | 1.3 | 0.6 | 1.4 | |||
| Infrastructure | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | |||
| Total net new money | 1.0 | 0.0 | (11.0) | 1.8 | (45.8) |
1 Net management fees include transaction fees, fund administration revenues (including interest and trading income from lending business and foreign exchange hedging as part of the fund services offering), gains or losses from seed money and co-investments, funding costs and other items that are not performance fees. 2 For the definitions of our key performance indicators, refer to the "Measurement and analysis of performance" section on page 33 of our Annual Report 2009. 3 Excludes interest and dividend income.
| As of or for the quarter ended | % change from | Year ended | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHF billion, except where indicated | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | 3Q10 | 4Q09 | 31.12.10 | 31.12.09 |
| Invested assets | |||||||
| Traditional investments | 487 | 492 | 502 | (1) | (3) | ||
| Alternative and quantitative investments | 34 | 36 | 41 | (6) | (17) | ||
| Global real estate | 36 | 37 | 39 | (3) | (8) | ||
| Infrastructure | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Total invested assets | 559 | 567 | 583 | (1) | (4) | ||
| Assets under administration by fund services | |||||||
| Assets under administration1 | 390 | 380 | 406 | 3 | (4) | ||
| Net new assets under administration2 | 16.5 | (12.7) | (14.0) | (0.8) | (59.7) | ||
| Gross margin on assets under administration (bps) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 5 |
| Additional information | |||||||
| Average attributed equity3 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Return on attributed equity (RoaE) (%) | 20.1 | 15.9 | |||||
| BIS risk-weighted assets | 3.5 | 3.7 | 4.1 | (5) | (15) | ||
| Return on risk-weighted assets, gross (%) | 56.8 | 37.7 | |||||
| Goodwill and intangible assets | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.7 | (6) | (12) | ||
| Personnel (full-time equivalents) | 3,481 | 3,461 | 3,471 | 1 | 0 | ||
1 This includes UBS and third-party fund assets, for which the fund services unit provides legal fund set-up and registration services, valuation, accounting and reporting and shareholder services. 2 Inflows of assets under administration from new and existing funds less outflows from existing funds or fund defection. 3 Refer to the "Capital management" section of this report for more information about the equity attribution framework.
Total operating income was CHF 542 million compared with CHF 473 million, mainly due to higher performance fees in alternative and quantitative investments and, to a lesser extent, global real estate.
Total operating expenses were CHF 407 million compared with CHF 359 million. Personnel expenses were CHF 286 million compared with CHF 248 million, due to higher variable compensation and costs associated with headcount reductions initiated in late 2009 of approximately CHF 9 million. General and administrative expenses were CHF 109 million compared with CHF 99 million, mainly due to higher advertising expenses and professional fees.
Net new money inflows were CHF 1.0 billion compared with very small net inflows in the prior quarter. Excluding money market flows, net new money outflows were CHF 0.3 billion compared with net inflows of CHF 3.9 billion. Net new money in the third quarter included CHF 2.5 billion resulting from a transfer of investment management responsibility for the US hedge fund business from Wealth Management Americas to Global Asset Management.
Net inflows from third parties were CHF 3.8 billion, mostly offset by net outflows of CHF 2.8 billion from clients of UBS's wealth management businesses. Excluding money market flows, net inflows from third parties were CHF 2.8 billion, more than offset by net outflows of CHF 3.1 billion from clients of UBS's wealth management businesses.
Invested assets were CHF 559 billion on 31 December 2010, a decrease of CHF 8 billion from 30 September 2010. Positive market movements and net new money inflows were more than offset by negative currency effects.
The total gross margin was 39 basis points compared with 33 basis points in the prior quarter, mainly due to higher performance fees.
Revenues were CHF 303 million, compared with CHF 300 million. The gross margin was 25 basis points compared with 24 basis points in the prior quarter.
Net new money inflows were CHF 2.3 billion compared with net outflows of CHF 1.5 billion in the third quarter. Excluding money market flows, net new money inflows were CHF 1.1 billion compared with net inflows of CHF 2.3 billion in the prior quarter. Equities saw net inflows of CHF 2.1 billion, mainly into passive global equities and passive Japanese equities, compared with net inflows of CHF 1.5 billion. Fixed income saw net inflows of CHF 0.6 billion, mainly into US short duration bonds, compared with net inflows of CHF 2.3 billion. Multi-asset net outflows were CHF 1.6 billion, mainly from UK and Canadian balanced strategies, compared with net outflows of CHF 1.5 billion in the prior quarter.
Invested assets were CHF 487 billion on 31 December 2010 compared with CHF 492 billion on 30 September 2010, due to negative currency effects, partly offset by positive market movements and net new money inflows.
Revenues were CHF 111 million compared with CHF 58 million, almost entirely due to higher performance fees. The gross margin consequently increased to 126 basis points from 64 basis points in the prior quarter.
Net new money outflows were CHF 1.5 billion, mainly from multi-manager strategies, compared with net inflows of CHF 1.9 billion. The third quarter included CHF 2.5 billion related to the aforementioned transfer of investment management responsibility for the US hedge fund business from Wealth Management Americas to alternative and quantitative investments.
Invested assets were CHF 34 billion on 31 December 2010 compared with CHF 36 billion on 30 September 2010, due to negative currency effects and net new money outflows, partly offset by positive market movements.
Revenues were CHF 74 million compared with CHF 65 million, mainly due to higher performance fees in the US and higher transaction fees. The gross margin was 81 basis points compared with 69 basis points also mostly due to higher performance fees.
Net new money inflows were CHF 0.2 billion, mainly into the flagship US strategy, compared with net outflows of CHF 0.3 billion.
Invested assets were CHF 36 billion on 31 December 2010 compared with CHF 37 billion on 30 September 2010, as positive market movements and net new money inflows were more than offset by negative currency effects.
Revenues were CHF 4 million, up by CHF 1 million from the prior quarter.
Net new money flows were nil, similar to the prior quarter.
Invested assets were CHF 1 billion on 31 December 2010, unchanged from 30 September 2010.
Revenues were CHF 49 million compared with CHF 46 million in the prior quarter, mainly due to higher administrative fees. The gross margin on assets under administration was 5 basis points, unchanged from the prior quarter.
Net new assets under administration inflows were CHF 16.5 billion compared with net outflows of CHF 12.7 billion, due to net inflows of CHF 16.8 billion from third-party funds, partly offset by net outflows of CHF 0.3 billion from UBS funds.
Total assets under administration were CHF 390 billion on 31 December 2010 compared with CHF 380 billion on 30 September 2010, due to assets inflows and positive market movements, partly offset by negative currency effects.
The number of personnel on 31 December 2010 was 3,481, compared with 3,461 on 30 September 2010. The increase was mainly in traditional investments but also included subsequent headcount transfers from Wealth Management Americas to alternative and quantitative investments associated with the abovementioned US hedge fund business.
Pre-tax profit was CHF 503 million compared with CHF 438 million. In 2009, pre-tax profit was affected by a net CHF 191 million goodwill impairment charge related to the sale of UBS Pactual. Excluding this charge, the pre-tax profit for 2010 would have decreased by CHF 126 million compared with 2009.
Total operating income was CHF 2,058 million compared with CHF 2,137 million. Lower performance fees and lower revenues following the sale of UBS Pactual were only partly offset by lower co-investment losses in real estate and lower operational losses.
Total operating expenses were CHF 1,555 million compared with CHF 1,698 million. Excluding the abovementioned goodwill impairment charge, operating expenses would have increased by CHF 48 million in 2010, mainly due to higher expenses for variable compensation related to the amortization of prior years' awards, partly offset by reduced non-personnel expenses as a result of cost cutting initiatives in 2009 and lower expenses following the sale of UBS Pactual.
➔ Refer to "Note 1 Basis of accounting" in the "Financial information" section of this report for more information on allocation of additional Corporate Center costs to business divisions from first quarter 2010 onwards
The table below shows investment performance for approximately 40% of Global Asset Management's CHF 309 billion actively-managed invested assets in traditional investments on 31 December 2010. This figure excludes CHF 96 billion in actively-managed money market funds, CHF 77 billion in passively-managed investments and CHF 78 billion in alternatives (including alternative and quantitative investments, global real estate and infrastructure).
| Annualized | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 months | 1 year | 3 years | 5 years | |
| Equities | ||||
| Global Equity Composite vs. MSCI World Equity (Free) Index | + | + | + | + |
| US Large Cap Equity Composite vs. Russell 1000 Index | – | – | – | – |
| Pan European Composite vs. MSCI Europe Free Index | – | – | + | + |
| Swiss Equity Composite vs. SPI (Total Return) Index | + | + | + | + |
| Asian Equity Composite vs. MSCI All Country Asia ex Japan Index | – | – | + | + |
| Emerging Equity Composite vs. Emerging Markets Equity Index | + | – | – | + |
| Global Equity Ex-US Growth Composite vs. MSCI EAFE (Free) Index | + | + | – | + |
| US Large Cap Select Growth Equity Composite vs. Russell 1000 Growth Index | – | – | + | + |
| Fixed income | ||||
| Global Bond Composite vs. Citigroup World Government Bond Index | + | + | + | = |
| US Bond Composite vs. Barclays Capital U.S. Aggregate Index | + | + | – | – |
| EUR Aggregate Bonds Composite vs. Barclays Capital Euro Aggregate 500mio+ Index | + | + | + | + |
| CHF Bonds Ausland Composite vs. Swiss Bond Foreign AAA-BBB (Total Return) Index | + | + | + | + |
| Australian Bond Composite vs. UBS Australian Composite Bond Index (0+ Yrs) | + | + | + | + |
| Emerging Bond Composite vs. Emerging Markets Debt Index1 | + | + | – | + |
| Global investment solutions | ||||
| Global Securities Composite vs. Global Securities Markets Index1 | + | + | – | – |
| 1 Customized benchmark. |
(+) above benchmark; (–) under benchmark; (=) equal to benchmark. All are before the deduction of investment management fees. Global composites are stated in USD terms; all others are in appropriate local currencies (unless otherwise stated). A composite is an aggregation of one or more portfolios in a single group that is representative of a particular strategy, style, or objective. The composite is the asset-weighted average of the performance results of all the portfolios it holds.
The Investment Bank recorded a pre-tax profit of CHF 75 million in the fourth quarter compared with a loss of CHF 406 million in the third quarter. Increased revenues, particularly in investment banking, and lower operating expenses were partly offset by higher own credit losses on financial liabilities designated at fair value and a net credit loss expense.
| As of or for the quarter ended | % change from | Year ended | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHF million, except where indicated | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | 3Q10 | 4Q09 | 31.12.10 | 31.12.09 |
| Investment banking | 910 | 422 | 746 | 116 | 22 | 2,414 | 2,466 |
| Advisory revenues | 264 | 221 | 233 | 19 | 13 | 846 | 858 |
| Capital market revenues | 757 | 362 | 590 | 109 | 28 | 1,994 | 2,514 |
| Equities | 461 | 90 | 405 | 412 | 14 | 1,020 | 1,609 |
| Fixed income, currencies and commodities | 296 | 272 | 185 | 9 | 60 | 974 | 904 |
| Other fee income and risk management | (111) | (161) | (76) | 31 | (46) | (426) | (906) |
| Securities | 1,865 | 1,773 | 1,445 | 5 | 29 | 10,125 | 4,390 |
| Equities | 945 | 904 | 948 | 5 | 0 | 4,469 | 4,937 |
| Fixed income, currencies and commodities | 920 | 869 | 496 | 6 | 85 | 5,656 | (547) |
| Total income | 2,775 | 2,194 | 2,191 | 26 | 27 | 12,539 | 6,856 |
| Credit loss (expense)/recovery1 | (108) | 35 | (70) | 54 | 0 | (1,698) | |
| Total operating income excluding own credit | 2,667 | 2,229 | 2,121 | 20 | 26 | 12,539 | 5,158 |
| Own credit2 | (509) | (387) | (24) | (32) | (548) | (2,023) | |
| Total operating income as reported | 2,158 | 1,842 | 2,097 | 17 | 3 | 11,991 | 3,135 |
| Personnel expenses | 1,262 | 1,494 | 1,020 | (16) | 24 | 6,749 | 5,568 |
| General and administrative expenses | 726 | 676 | 653 | 7 | 11 | 2,693 | 2,628 |
| Services (to)/from other business divisions | 12 | 12 | 15 | 0 | (20) | 64 | (147) |
| Depreciation of property and equipment | 75 | 58 | 100 | 29 | (25) | 278 | 360 |
| Impairment of goodwill | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 749 | ||
| Amortization of intangible assets | 8 | 8 | 12 | 0 | (33) | 34 | 59 |
| Total operating expenses | 2,084 | 2,248 | 1,800 | (7) | 16 | 9,819 | 9,216 |
| Business division performance before tax | 75 | (406) | 297 | (75) | 2,172 | (6,081) | |
| Key performance indicators3 | |||||||
| Pre-tax profit growth (%)4 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | ||
| Cost/income ratio (%) | 92.0 | 124.4 | 83.1 | 81.9 | 190.7 | ||
| Return on attributed equity (RoaE) (%) | 8.6 | (24.1) | |||||
| Return on assets, gross (%) | 1.2 | 0.4 | |||||
| Average VaR (1-day, 95% confidence, 5 years of historical data) | 66 | 58 | 51 | 14 | 29 | ||
1 Includes credit loss (expense)/recovery on reclassified securities (4Q10: loss of CHF 57 million; 3Q10: recovery of CHF 15 million; 4Q09: loss of CHF 37 million). 2 Represents own credit changes on financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss. The cumulative own credit gain for such debt held on 31 December 2010 amounts to CHF 0.2 billion. This gain has reduced the fair value of financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss recognized on our balance sheet. Refer to "Note 11b Fair value of financial instruments" in the "Financial information" section of this report for more information. 3 For the definitions of our key performance indicators, refer to the "Measurement and analysis of performance" section on page 33 of our Annual Report 2009. 4 Not meaningful if either the current period or the comparison period is a loss period.
| As of or for the quarter ended | % change from | Year ended | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHF billion, except where indicated | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | 3Q10 | 4Q09 | 31.12.10 | 31.12.09 |
| Additional information | |||||||
| Total assets1 | 966.9 | 1,119.3 | 992.0 | (14) | (3) | ||
| Average attributed equity2 | 27.0 | 26.0 | 24.0 | 4 | 13 | ||
| BIS risk-weighted assets | 119.3 | 126.2 | 122.4 | (5) | (3) | ||
| Return on risk-weighted assets, gross (%) | 9.7 | 3.1 | |||||
| Goodwill and intangible assets | 3.2 | 3.3 | 3.5 | (3) | (9) | ||
| Compensation ratio (%) | 55.7 | 82.7 | 47.1 | 56.3 | 115.2 | ||
| Impaired lending portfolio as a % of total lending portfolio, gross3 | 5.5 | 3.9 | 8.0 | ||||
| Personnel (full-time equivalents) | 16,860 | 17,006 | 15,666 | (1) | 8 |
1 Based on third-party view, i.e. without intercompany balances. 2 Refer to the "Capital management" section of this report for more information about the equity attribution framework. 3 Refer to "Note 1 basis of accounting" in the "Financial information" section of this report.
Total operating income was CHF 2,158 million compared with CHF 1,842 million. Increased revenues across all business areas, in particular investment banking, were partly offset by a higher loss on own credit on financial liabilities designated at fair value and a net credit loss expense compared with a net credit loss recovery in the prior quarter.
Net credit loss expense for the quarter was CHF 108 million, primarily due to impairment charges on student loan auction rate securities, compared with a net credit loss recovery of CHF 35 million in the prior quarter.
An own credit loss on financial liabilities designated at fair value of CHF 509 million was recorded in the quarter, compared with a loss of CHF 387 million in the third quarter. This loss was primarily due to a tightening of our credit spreads over the quarter.
In the fourth quarter, total revenues more than doubled to CHF 910 million compared with CHF 422 million in the prior quarter, due to increased market activity and improved market share.
Advisory revenues were CHF 264 million, up 19% from the third quarter.
Capital markets revenues improved to CHF 757 million from CHF 362 million. Equities capital markets revenues increased fivefold to CHF 461 million. Fixed income capital markets revenues rose 9% to CHF 296 million.
Other fee income and risk management revenues were negative CHF 111 million compared with negative CHF 161 million in the prior quarter. This was primarily due to improved performance of our franchise lending portfolio.
Securities revenues of CHF 1,865 million were up from CHF 1,773 million in the third quarter.
Equities revenues increased to CHF 945 million from CHF 904 million.
Cash revenues of CHF 441 million were up from CHF 369 million, due to higher commission income across all regions as markets rallied.
Derivatives and equity-linked revenues were CHF 323 million compared with CHF 268 million. Derivatives revenues improved with an increase in new business activity. Equity-linked revenues were broadly in line with last quarter.
Within the prime services business, revenues were CHF 239 million compared with CHF 270 million. Exchange-traded derivatives revenues declined due to lower client volumes and average spreads. Prime brokerage revenues were marginally down.
Other equities revenues were negative CHF 58 million compared with negative CHF 3 million partly due to lower revenues from residual positions and a provision for an indemnity claim related to the sale of UBS Pactual.
FICC revenues were CHF 920 million compared with CHF 869 million. Concerns relating to European sovereign debt and the impact of quantitative easing efforts increased market volatility. This resulted in subdued client risk appetite, especially in credit and emerging markets, although it benefited our foreign exchange business.
Credit revenues were CHF 510 million, down from CHF 587 million. Global flow credit trading revenues remained broadly unchanged as markets rallied towards the end of the year. However, structured credit revenues were reduced by lower client activity.
Macro revenues rose to CHF 372 million from CHF 291 million, as improved customer activity drove increased revenues in the foreign exchange business. Rates revenues were largely in line with the previous quarter.
In emerging markets, revenues decreased to CHF 90 million from CHF 117 million, as all regions saw declines in client activity and risk appetite due to geopolitical and economic concerns and increased interest rate volatility.
Other FICC revenues were negative CHF 52 million compared with negative CHF 127 million. The fourth quarter included positive revenues of CHF 98 million from residual risk positions. This was more than offset by negative debit valuation adjustments on our derivatives portfolio and other items including losses from counterparty exposure management which were mainly due to movements in relative credit spreads.
Total operating expenses were CHF 2,084 million compared with CHF 2,248 million.
Personnel expenses were CHF 1,262 million compared with CHF 1,494 million, due to a reduction in both variable and fixed compensation.
General and administrative expenses increased to CHF 726 million from CHF 676 million due to increases in IT, travel and entertainment costs and professional fees as well as higher sponsorship costs.
The Investment Bank employed 16,860 personnel on 31 December 2010, a decrease of 146 from 17,006 on 30 September 2010.
In 2010, we recorded a pre-tax profit of CHF 2,172 million compared with a pre-tax loss of CHF 6,081 million in 2009, primarily as a result of increased revenues in the FICC business, a significant reduction in net credit loss expenses and lower own credit losses on financial liabilities designated at fair value, partly offset by an increase in operating expenses.
Investment banking revenues were down marginally to CHF 2,414 million, compared with 2,466 million in 2009. Equities revenues were down 9% to CHF 4,469 million from CHF 4,937 million. FICC revenues were positive CHF 5,656 million in 2010 compared with negative CHF 547 million in 2009, when revenues were materially affected by losses on residual risk positions.
Operating expenses increased 7% to CHF 9,819 million from CHF 9,216 million, mainly due to increased variable compensation, related to the amortization of prior years' awards and charges for the UK Bank Payroll Tax. 2009 operating expenses included a net goodwill impairment charge of CHF 421 million related to the sale of UBS Pactual.
➔ Refer to "Note 1 Basis of accounting" in the "Financial information" section of this report for more information on allocation of additional Corporate Center costs to business divisions from first quarter 2010 onwards
Management report
Overall, our risk profile did not materially change during the quarter. While risk in our trading units increased, we continued to reduce our residual risk exposures in the Investment Bank. Our loan portfolios continued to be in good shape. Nevertheless, compared with the third quarter, we experienced an increase in net credit loss expenses to CHF 164 million due to additional impairments on our student loan auction rate securities in the Investment Bank, and loan loss provisions relating to a small number of clients in Wealth Management & Swiss Bank.
Our risk management and control framework is described in the "Risk and treasury management" section of our Annual Report 2009, including details on how we define, measure and manage credit, market and operational risks as well as risk concentrations.
Our residual risk positions went down due to a further reduction in our inventory of student loan auction rate securities (ARS), which decreased to USD 9.8 billion from USD 10.8 billion mainly due to sales and issuer redemptions.
The tables in this section provide an update on our credit risk exposures on 31 December 2010, including details of our allowances and provisions for credit losses and the composition and credit quality of our key banking products portfolios in the Wealth Management & Swiss Bank and of the counterparty exposures booked within the Investment Bank from banking products and over-thecounter (OTC) derivative contracts.
➔ Refer to the "Group results" section of this report for more information on credit loss expense/recovery in the fourth quarter
The credit risk exposures reported in the table "Allowances and provisions for credit losses" represent the international financial reporting standards (IFRS) balance sheet view of our gross banking products portfolio. This comprises the balance sheet line items Balances with central banks, Due from banks and Loans as well as the off-balance sheet items Guarantees and Loan commitments. The table also shows the IFRS reported allowances and provisions for credit losses and impaired exposure. Our gross loan exposure was CHF 264 billion on 31 December 2010, down from CHF 267 billion on 30 September 2010.
Our gross impaired loan portfolio was CHF 4.2 billion at the end of the fourth quarter, compared with CHF 3.6 billion at the end of the prior quarter, due to new impairments on securities (comprising reclassified and acquired securities). The ratio of the impaired loan portfolio to total gross loan portfolio was 1.6% on 31 December 2010, compared with 1.3% on 30 September 2010. Excluding securities, the ratio improved to 0.9% at the end of the fourth quarter, from 1.0% at the end of the third quarter.
The total gross loan portfolio in the Investment Bank was CHF 39 billion on 31 December 2010, down from CHF 43 billion on 30 September 2010. The Investment Bank held CHF 5.3 billion of assets at carrying value in its loan portfolio, on which protection was purchased from monoline insurers (CHF 5.6 billion on 30 September 2010) and CHF 0.5 billion at carrying value of US commercial real estate positions (CHF 0.8 billion on 30 September 2010). These assets were reclassified to Loans and receivables from Held for trading in the fourth quarter of 2008. The reduction in our exposures to these assets in the fourth quarter resulted from a combination of sales and foreign exchange movements.
The Investment Bank's gross impaired loan portfolio excluding securities decreased to CHF 913 million on 31 December 2010, compared with CHF 1,046 million on 30 September 2010.
In Wealth Management & Swiss Bank, the gross loan portfolio was stable at CHF 202 billion on 31 December 2010. The gross impaired loan exposure decreased to CHF 1.3 billion on 31 December 2010, compared with CHF 1.5 billion on 30 September 2010.
| CHF million, except where indicated | IFRS exposure, gross | Impaired exposure1 | losses2 | Allowances and provisions for credit |
Estimated liquidation proceeds of collateral |
Impairment ratio (%) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| As of | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 |
| UBS Group | ||||||||||
| Balances with central banks | 24,459 | 18,267 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||||||
| Due from banks | 17,158 | 17,153 | 21 | 24 | 24 | 27 | 0.1 | 0.1 | ||
| Loans | 263,964 | 267,184 | 4,172 | 3,588 | 1,039 | 1,145 | 2,286 | 1,488 | 1.6 | 1.3 |
| of which: related to reclassified securities3 | 11,719 | 13,081 | 1,574 | 855 | 221 | 180 | 1,376 | 706 | 13.4 | 6.5 |
| of which: related to acquired securities | 9,673 | 10,862 | 351 | 221 | 52 | 29 | 313 | 199 | 3.6 | 2.0 |
| of which: related to other loans | 242,572 | 243,241 | 2,247 | 2,512 | 766 | 936 | 597 | 583 | 0.9 | 1.0 |
| Guarantees | 16,535 | 16,384 | 160 | 83 | 96 | 49 | 7 | 7 | 1.0 | 0.5 |
| Loan commitments | 56,851 | 64,931 | 142 | 104 | 34 | 12 | 5 | 7 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
| Banking products | 378,967 | 383,919 | 4,495 | 3,799 | 1,193 | 1,233 | 2,298 | 1,502 | 1.2 | 1.0 |
| Investment Bank | ||||||||||
| Balances with central banks | 13,732 | 10,198 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||||||
| Due from banks | 12,007 | 12,327 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||||||
| Loans | 39,392 | 42,603 | 2,838 | 2,122 | 348 | 349 | 1,926 | 1,041 | 7.2 | 5.0 |
| of which: related to reclassified securities3 | 11,719 | 13,081 | 1,574 | 855 | 221 | 180 | 1,376 | 706 | 13.4 | 6.5 |
| of which: related to acquired securities | 9,673 | 10,862 | 351 | 221 | 52 | 29 | 313 | 199 | 3.6 | 2.0 |
| of which: related to other loans | 18,000 | 18,660 | 913 | 1,046 | 76 | 140 | 237 | 136 | 5.1 | 5.6 |
| Guarantees | 5,536 | 5,475 | 67 | 58 | 43 | 36 | 1.2 | 1.1 | ||
| Loan commitments | 48,509 | 56,579 | 95 | 81 | 26 | 4 | 0.2 | 0.1 | ||
| Banking products | 119,177 | 127,182 | 3,000 | 2,261 | 417 | 389 | 1,926 | 1,041 | 2.5 | 1.8 |
| Wealth Management & Swiss Bank | ||||||||||
| Balances with central banks | 10,727 | 8,069 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||||||
| Due from banks | 2,678 | 3,329 | 21 | 24 | 24 | 27 | 0.8 | 0.7 | ||
| Loans | 201,942 | 201,885 | 1,333 | 1,464 | 689 | 791 | 360 | 447 | 0.7 | 0.7 |
| Guarantees | 10,505 | 10,406 | 93 | 25 | 49 | 9 | 7 | 7 | 0.9 | 0.2 |
| Loan commitments | 7,276 | 7,483 | 47 | 23 | 8 | 8 | 5 | 7 | 0.6 | 0.3 |
| Banking products | 233,128 | 231,172 | 1,494 | 1,536 | 770 | 835 | 372 | 461 | 0.6 | 0.7 |
| Wealth Management | ||||||||||
| Balances with central banks | 463 | 568 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||||||
| Due from banks | 456 | 483 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||||||
| Loans | 67,104 | 66,757 | 166 | 234 | 126 | 145 | 45 | 106 | 0.2 | 0.4 |
| Guarantees | 2,391 | 2,495 | 2 | 2 | 0.0 | 0.1 | ||||
| Loan commitments | 983 | 989 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||||||
| Banking products | 71,397 | 71,292 | 166 | 236 | 126 | 147 | 45 | 106 | 0.2 | 0.3 |
| Retail & Corporate | ||||||||||
| Balances with central banks | 10,265 | 7,501 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||||||
| Due from banks | 2,222 | 2,846 | 21 | 24 | 24 | 27 | 0.9 | 0.8 | ||
| Loans | 134,838 | 135,128 | 1,167 | 1,230 | 563 | 646 | 315 | 341 | 0.9 | 0.9 |
| Guarantees | 8,114 | 7,911 | 93 | 23 | 49 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 1.1 | 0.3 |
| Loan commitments | 6,293 | 6,494 | 47 | 23 | 8 | 8 | 5 | 7 | 0.7 | 0.4 |
| Banking products | 161,732 | 159,880 | 1,328 | 1,300 | 644 | 688 | 327 | 355 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
1 Excludes reclassified securities with adverse cash flow estimate revisions cumulatively below 5% of the carrying value at reclassification date, adjusted for redemptions. 2 Excludes CHF 47 million collective loan loss allowances (3Q10: CHF 47 million). 3 Refer to "Note 12 Reclassification of financial assets" in the "Financial information" section of this report.
The table "Wealth Management & Swiss Bank: composition of loan portfolio, gross" shows the composition of the loan portfolio for Wealth Management & Swiss Bank as shown in the "Allowances and provisions for credit losses" table.
The composition of Wealth Management & Swiss Bank's loan portfolio remained stable over the quarter. On 31 December 2010, 92% of the portfolio was secured by collateral. Approximately 51% of the unsecured loan portfolio was rated investment grade based on our internal ratings, and 55% of the unsecured portfolio was related to cash flow-based lending to corporate counterparties. In addition, 32% of our unsecured loans related to lending to public authorities, mainly in Switzerland.
The tables on the next page show the composition and credit quality of the Investment Bank's banking products portfolio based on the internal management view of credit risk.
The table "Investment bank: banking products and OTC derivatives exposure" shows banking products (loans, guarantees and loan commitments) and OTC derivatives with corporates and other non-banks, gross and net of allowances, provisions, credit valuation adjustments (CVA) and credit hedges. The second table provides a breakdown of the internal rating and loss given default profile of this portfolio, with additional detail provided on the sub-investment grade component.
The net banking products exposure after credit hedges decreased to CHF 41.6 billion at the end of the fourth quarter. Approximately 60% of our net banking products exposures after the application of credit hedges are classified as investment grade, based on our internal ratings. The vast majority of sub-investment grade exposures have a loss given default of 0–50%.
Loss given default is determined based on our estimation of the likely recovery rate of any defaulted claims. Recovery rates are dependent upon the characteristics of the counterparty in addition to any credit mitigation such as collateral held.
Included in the Investment Bank's total net banking products exposure to corporates and other non-banks is our loan to the RMBS Opportunities Master Fund, LP, a special purpose entity managed by BlackRock Financial Management, Inc. On 31 December 2010, the loan had an outstanding balance of USD 5.7 billion (compared with USD 6.0 billion on 30 September 2010) taking into account amounts held in escrow. The aggregate notional balance of the RMBS fund's assets collateralizing the loan on 31 December 2010 was USD 13.4 billion. By notional balance, this portfolio was comprised primarily of Alt-A (53%) and subprime (33%) credit grades. In terms of priority, the portfolio was dominated by senior positions (95%).
We closely monitor the RMBS fund and its performance, particularly to determine if deterioration of the underlying residential mortgage-backed securities (RMBS) mortgage pools indicates that the equity investors in the fund no longer receive the majority of the risks and rewards, and also to assess whether the loan to the RMBS fund has been impaired. Developments during the fourth quarter have not altered our conclusion that the loan is not impaired and that consolidation is not required.
➔ Refer to the "Risk and treasury management" section of our Annual Report 2009 for more information on our loan to the RMBS Opportunities Master Fund, LP
| CHF million | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Secured by residential property | 122,815 | 60.8% | 123,168 | 61.0% | ||
| Secured by commercial/industrial property | 20,766 | 10.3% | 20,810 | 10.3% | ||
| Secured by securities | 42,993 | 21.3% | 42,984 | 21.3% | ||
| Unsecured loans | 15,367 | 7.6% | 14,924 | 7.4% | ||
| Total loans, gross | 201,942 | 100.0% | 201,885 | 100.0% | ||
| Total loans, net of allowances and credit hedges | 201,012 | 200,862 |
| Banking products | OTC derivatives | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHF million | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 |
| Total exposure, before deduction of allowances and provisions, CVA and hedges | 70,885 | 77,336 | 47,452 | 59,368 |
| less: allowances, provisions and CVA | (124) | (168) | (2,224) | (2,738) |
| less: credit protection bought (credit default swaps, notional) | (29,154) | (33,745) | (3,683) | (4,793) |
| Net exposure after allowances and provisions, CVA and hedges | 41,608 | 43,423 | 41,546 | 51,837 |
1 Banking products: risk view, excludes central banks, due from banks, securities and internal risk adjustments; OTC derivatives: net replacement value includes the impact of netting agreements (including cash collateral) in accordance with Swiss Federal Banking Law, based on the IFRS scope of consolidation.
| CHF million | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Loss given default (LGD) buckets | Weighted | Weighted | ||||||||
| UBS internal rating | Moody's Investor Services equivalent |
Standard & Poor's equivalent |
Exposure | 0–25% | 26–50% | 51–75% | 76–100% | average LGD (%) |
Exposure | average LGD (%) |
| Investment grade | Aaa to Baa3 | AAA to BBB– | 25,603 | 7,755 | 11,417 | 2,636 | 3,795 | 43 | 27,588 | 44 |
| Sub-investment grade | 16,005 | 6,690 | 6,619 | 2,181 | 515 | 33 | 15,835 | 32 | ||
| of which: 6–9 | Ba1 to Ba3 | BB+ to BB– | 6,812 | 2,322 | 3,555 | 824 | 111 | 36 | 6,528 | 36 |
| of which: 10–12 | B1 to B3 | B+ to B– | 8,285 | 3,880 | 2,826 | 1,258 | 321 | 31 | 8,287 | 30 |
| of which: 13 & defaulted | C & lower | C & lower | 908 | 488 | 238 | 100 | 83 | 35 | 1,020 | 37 |
| Net banking products exposure to corporates and other non-banks, after application of credit hedges |
41,608 | 14,444 | 18,036 | 4,817 | 4,310 | 39 | 43,423 | 40 |
Most of our market risk comes from the Investment Bank's trading activities. Group Treasury assumes foreign exchange and interest rate risk in connection with its balance sheet, profit and loss and capital management responsibilities. Our wealth and asset management operations also take limited market risk in support of client business.
Value-at-Risk (VaR) is a statistical measure of market risk, representing the market risk losses that could potentially be realized over a set time horizon at an established level of confidence. This assumes no change in the firm's trading positions over the relevant time period.
Actual realized market risk losses may differ from those implied by our VaR for a variety of reasons. For example, the historical period used in creating our VaR measure may include fluctuations in market rates and prices that differ from those in the future; our VaR measure is calibrated to a specified level of confidence and may not indicate potential losses beyond this confidence level; and the impact on revenue of a market move may differ from that assumed by our VaR model. All VaR measures are subject to limitations and must be interpreted accordingly.
As a complement to VaR, we run macro stress scenarios bringing together various combinations of macro-economic and market moves to reflect the most common types of potential stress events, and more targeted stress tests for concentrated exposures and vulnerable portfolios.
The tables on the next page show our 1-day 95% management VaR for the Group and the Investment Bank. The Investment Bank's average management VaR in the fourth quarter was up to CHF 66 million compared with CHF 58 million in the previous quarter, due primarily to an increase in credit spread and interest rate risk. Period-end VaR was higher at CHF 68 million on 31 December 2010, compared with CHF 61 million on 30 September 2010. Credit spread risk continued to be the dominant component of our VaR.
VaR for the Group as a whole followed a similar pattern to Investment Bank VaR.
Backtesting compares 1-day 99% regulatory VaR calculated on positions at the close of each business day with the revenues generated by those positions on the following business day. Backtesting revenues exclude non-trading revenues, such as fees and commissions, and estimated revenues from intraday trading. A backtesting exception occurs when backtesting revenues are negative and the absolute value of those revenues is greater than the previous day's VaR.
We did not have any backtesting exceptions in third or fourth quarter 2010.
| For the quarter ended 31.12.10 | For the quarter ended 30.9.10 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHF million | Min. | Max. | Average | 31.12.10 | Min. | Max. | Average | 30.9.10 |
| Business divisions | ||||||||
| Investment Bank | 48 | 78 | 66 | 68 | 44 | 71 | 58 | 61 |
| Wealth Management & Swiss Bank | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Wealth Management Americas | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Global Asset Management | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Treasury activities and other corporate items | 4 | 22 | 11 | 5 | 8 | 13 | 10 | 11 |
| Diversification effect | 1 | 1 | (12) | (7) | 1 | 1 | (12) | (13) |
| Total management VaR, Group2, 3 | 49 | 76 | 67 | 68 | 44 | 72 | 59 | 61 |
| Diversification effect (%) | (15) | (9) | (17) | (17) |
1 As the minimum and maximum occur on different days for different risk types, it is not meaningful to calculate a portfolio diversification effect. 2 Includes all positions subject to internal management VaR limits. 3 Sensitivity information for certain significant instrument categories that are excluded from management VaR is disclosed in "Note 11b Fair value of financial instruments" in the "Financial information" section of this report.
| For the quarter ended 31.12.10 | For the quarter ended 30.9.10 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHF million | Min. | Max. | Average | 31.12.10 | Min. | Max. | Average | 30.9.10 |
| Risk type | ||||||||
| Equities | 14 | 26 | 20 | 17 | 17 | 37 | 20 | 21 |
| Interest rates | 21 | 44 | 29 | 23 | 22 | 39 | 26 | 23 |
| Credit spreads | 55 | 70 | 63 | 59 | 44 | 64 | 57 | 60 |
| Foreign exchange | 4 | 15 | 8 | 6 | 3 | 12 | 7 | 8 |
| Energy, metals & commodities | 2 | 8 | 4 | 7 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 3 |
| Diversification effect | 1 | 1 | (58) | (43) | 1 | 1 | (54) | (54) |
| Total management VaR, Investment Bank2, 3 | 48 | 78 | 66 | 68 | 44 | 71 | 58 | 61 |
| Diversification effect (%) | (47) | (39) | (48) | (47) |
1 As the minimum and maximum occur on different days for different risk types, it is not meaningful to calculate a portfolio diversification effect. 2 Includes all positions subject to internal management VaR limits. 3 Sensitivity information for certain significant instrument categories that are excluded from management VaR is disclosed in "Note 11b Fair value of financial instruments" in the "Financial information" section of this report.
Based on our assessment of our portfolios and asset classes with potential for material loss in a stress scenario that we consider most relevant to the current environment, we believe that our exposures to monoline insurers and student loan ARS as shown below can be considered as risk concentrations.
It is possible that material losses could occur on asset classes, positions and hedges other than those disclosed in this section of the report, particularly if the correlations that emerge in a stressed environment differ markedly from those we had anticipated. We are exposed to price risk, basis risk, credit spread risk, default risk, and other idiosyncratic and correlation risks on both equities and fixed income inventories. We are also exposed to price risk on our option to acquire the SNB StabFund's equity.
In addition, we have lending, counterparty and country risk exposures that could sustain significant losses if economic conditions were to worsen.
➔ Refer to the discussion of market risk and credit risk above and the "Risk and treasury management" section of our Annual Report 2009 for more information on the risks to which we are exposed
The vast majority of our direct exposures to monoline insurers arise from OTC derivative contracts, mainly credit default swaps (CDS) purchased to hedge specific positions. The table on the next page shows the CDS protection purchased from monoline insurers to hedge specific positions.
Exposure under CDS contracts to monoline insurers is calculated as the sum of the fair values of individual CDS after credit valuation adjustments (CVA). Changes in CVA result from changes in CDS fair value, which in turn arise from changes in the fair value of the instruments against which protection has been purchased, and also by movements in monoline credit spreads.
On 31 December 2010, based on fair values, approximately 73% of the remaining assets included in the table "Exposure to monoline insurers, by rating" were collateralized loan obligations (CLO), 25% were collateralized commercial mortgage-backed securities and other asset-backed security collateralized debt obligations (CDO), and only 2% were US RMBS CDO. The vast majority of the CLO positions were rated AA and above.
On 31 December 2010, the total fair value of CDS protection purchased from monoline insurers was USD 1.6 billion after cumulative CVA of USD 1.1 billion. The changes reported in the table "Exposure to monoline insurers, by rating" do not equal the profit or loss associated with this portfolio in the fourth quarter as a significant portion of the underlying assets are classified as Loans and receivables for accounting purposes.
In addition to credit protection purchased on the positions detailed in the table "Exposure to monoline insurers, by rating", UBS held direct derivative exposure to monoline insurers of USD 240 million after CVA of USD 143 million on 31 December 2010.
Our inventory of student loan ARS decreased to USD 9.8 billion on 31 December 2010 from USD 10.8 billion on 30 September 2010, after factoring in sales and redemptions by issuers in the fourth quarter.
Approximately 77% of the collateral underlying UBS's inventory of student loan ARS was backed by Federal Family Education Loan Program (FFELP) guaranteed collateral, which is reinsured by the US Department of Education for no less than 97% of principal and interest. All of our student loan ARS positions are held as Loans and receivables and are subject to an impairment test that includes a detailed review of the quality of the underlying collateral. Overall, we reported net credit losses of USD 86 million (CHF 81 million) in the fourth quarter due to further impairments on our inventory of student loan ARS. The gap between interest earned on the underlying student loans and the generally higher coupons paid on the ARS widened, reducing the amounts available for the repayment of the principal of the ARS.
As reported in our third quarter report, the vast majority of institutional client holdings were sold back to us early in the third quarter after the buy-back window for institutional clients had opened on 30 June 2010. Based on par values, our remaining commitment to repurchase student loan ARS decreased to USD 63 million on 31 December 2010 from USD 103 million at the end of the prior quarter.
➔ Refer to the "Group results" section of this report for more information on credit loss expense/recovery in the fourth quarter
| 31.12.10 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Notional amount3 | Fair value of underlying assets |
Fair value of CDS prior to credit valuation adjustment |
Credit valuation adjustment |
Fair value of CDS after credit valuation adjustment |
|
| USD million | Column 1 | Column 2 | Column 3 (=1–2) | Column 4 | Column 5 (=3–4) |
| Credit protection on US sub-prime residential mortgage backed securities (RMBS) CDO, all from monolines rated sub-investment grade (BB and below)2 |
750 | 204 | 546 | 385 | 161 |
| Credit protection on other assets2 | 11,156 | 9,0024 | 2,153 | 702 | 1,451 |
| of which: from monolines rated investment grade (BBB and above) | 2,288 | 1,935 | 353 | 68 | 285 |
| of which: from monolines rated sub-investment grade (BB and below) | 8,868 | 7,067 | 1,800 | 634 | 1,166 |
| Total 31.12.10 | 11,906 | 9,206 | 2,699 | 1,087 | 1,612 |
| Total 30.9.10 | 12,076 | 8,980 | 3,097 | 1,305 | 1,792 |
1 Excludes the benefit of credit protection purchased from unrelated third parties. 2 Categorization based on the lowest insurance financial strength rating assigned by external rating agencies. 3 Represents gross notional amount of CDS purchased as credit protection. 4 Includes USD 5.8 billion (CHF 5.4 billion) at fair value /USD 5.6 billion (CHF 5.3 billion) at carrying value of assets that were reclassified to Loans and receivables from Held for trading in fourth quarter of 2008. Refer to "Note 12 Reclassification of financial assets" in the "Financial information" section of this report for more information.
| Carrying value | ||
|---|---|---|
| USD million | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 |
| US student loan ARS | 9,7841 | 10,769 |
1 Includes USD 4.5 billion (CHF 4.2 billion) at carrying value of student loan ARS that were reclassified to Loans and receivables from Held for trading in fourth quarter of 2008. Refer to "Note 12 Reclassification of financial assets" in the "Financial information" section of this report for more information.
On 31 December 2010, our balance sheet stood at CHF 1,317 billion, down by CHF 143 billion from 30 September 2010. Our funded assets, which exclude positive replacement values, decreased by CHF 27 billion, as currency movements reduced our funded assets by approximately CHF 33 billion.
Balance sheet positions disclosed in this section represent quarterend positions. Intra-quarter balance sheet positions may be different.
➔ Refer to the table "FINMA leverage ratio" in the "Capital management" section of this report for our average month-end balance sheet size for the quarter
Commencing in the fourth quarter, UBS has changed the presentation of cash collateral from derivative transactions and prime brokerage receivables and payables to improve transparency.
Cash collateral receivables and payables on derivatives are presented in the new balance sheet lines Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments and Cash collateral payables on derivative instruments by transferring the amounts out of Due from banks and Loans, and Due to banks and Due to customers, respectively. Prime brokerage receivables and prime brokerage payables have been transferred out of Due from banks and Loans to Other assets, and out of Due to banks and Due to customers to Other liabilities, respectively. Comparative periods have been adjusted accordingly.
➔ Refer to "Note 1 Basis for accounting" in the "Financial information" section for more information regarding the abovementioned change in presentation
Replacement values (RVs) decreased by similar amounts on both sides of the balance sheet, as market and currency movements drove down positive replacement values by 22%, or CHF 116 billion. Trading portfolio assets declined by CHF 17 billion to CHF 229 billion, mainly in debt instruments and money market papers, partly offset by an increase in equity instruments related to higher market valuation of the equity instruments held for equity-linked notes issued. Other assets declined by CHF 6 billion, primarily due to lower balances in current accounts arising from collateralized derivative OTC transactions (variation margins). Additionally, collateral trading assets were lower by CHF 6 billion, mainly attributable to currency effects. These decreases were somewhat offset by an increase in lending assets on higher cash and deposits at central banks.
Much of our total asset reduction originated in the Investment Bank, as the abovementioned change in positive replacement values and trading inventory contributed significantly to the business division's CHF 152 billion balance sheet decline to CHF 967 billion. Treasury activities and other corporate items increased by CHF 12 billion to CHF 37 billion. The balance sheet assets of Retail & Corporate (CHF 153 billion), Wealth Management (CHF 94 billion), Wealth Management Americas (CHF 50 billion), and Global Asset Management (CHF 16 billion) all remained relatively stable.
1 Including cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments.
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Unsecured funding declined marginally in the fourth quarter, dropping by CHF 9 billion, but increased net of currency effects by CHF 14 billion. In unsecured borrowing, our customer deposits grew by CHF 2 billion. When adjusting for currency movements, customer deposits were up by CHF 12 billion, mainly from higher wholesale deposits, while our wealth management businesses contributed CHF 2 billion to the growth. The balance of debt issued declined by CHF 7 billion to CHF 130 billion, mainly due to foreign exchange effects and the early redemption of a USD 1.5 billion tier 1 bond (which had been reclassified to debt issued upon its early redemption announcement during the third quarter and subsequently redeemed in fourth quarter), and of a EUR 1.2 billion tier 2 bond. Further, a CHF 0.7 billon senior public bond matured during the fourth quarter. Financial liabilities designated at fair value dropped by CHF 6 billion due to currency effects and maturities of credit-linked notes, partially offset by higher market valuations of equity-linked notes. Our secured funding declined by CHF 8 billion to CHF 81 billion, due to lower assets that are readily accepted as collateral in the repo market. Trading liability positions decreased by CHF 3 billion, related to currency effects. Finally, the substantial decline in other liabilities of CHF 17 billion was mainly related to lower variation margins received for collateralized OTC derivative transactions.
➔ Refer to the "Liquidity and funding" section of this report for more information
Equity attributable to UBS shareholders decreased by CHF 1.0 billion, as the quarterly net profit of CHF 1.3 billion was outweighed by negative effects of CHF 2.1 billion recognized in equity, which includes currency translation effects.
➔ Refer to the "Statement of changes in equity" table in the "Financial information" section, and to "Comprehensive income attributable to UBS shareholders: 4Q10 vs 3Q10" in the "Group Results" section of this report for more information
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During the fourth quarter, a decline in funded assets decreased our need for both unsecured and secured borrowings. We continued to maintain a sound liquidity position and a diversified portfolio of funding sources.
The general improvement in financial institutions' credit risk premia and funding spreads that occurred in the third quarter continued into the early part of the fourth quarter, albeit with reduced activity in debt issuance. Thereafter, certain financial institutions' funding spreads widened noticeably as market conditions deteriorated, mainly due to particular sovereign credit concerns and uncertainty around the potential success of additional quantitative easing efforts by major central banks. Nonetheless, our secondary bond spreads and credit risk premia ended at somewhat narrower levels than at the end of the prior quarter.
We continuously monitor our liquidity position and asset/liability profile. This involves modeling cash flow maturity profiles under both contractual and behavioral expectations and projecting our liquidity exposures under various stress scenarios. The results are then factored into our overall contingency plans. The underlying assumptions in the analysis reflect the general characteristics of the recent financial crisis, including strong investor risk aversion, dislocation of the money markets and a substantial reduction of market liquidity for all but a select few asset classes. The severity of the assumptions underlying our current stress scenario analysis reflects – and in some cases exceeds – our experience during the recent financial crisis.
We seek to preserve at all times a prudent liquidity and funding profile, a balanced asset / liability profile and robust contingency planning processes. We continue to maintain a substantial multicurrency portfolio of unencumbered high-quality short-term assets.
Our portfolio of liabilities is broadly diversified by market, product and currency. The diversification of our portfolio remained relatively stable during the quarter (refer to the "UBS: funding by product and currency" table). We raise funds via numerous short-, mediumand long-term funding programs, which allow institutional and private investors in Europe, the US and Asia to customize their investments in UBS. These broad product offerings, and the global scope of our business activities, are the primary reasons for our funding stability to date. Our wealth management businesses continue to represent a significant, cost-efficient and reliable source of funding. These businesses contributed CHF 304 billion, or 92%, of the CHF 332 billion total customer deposits shown in the "UBS asset funding" graph, compared with 94% at the prior quarter-end. Customer cash deposits from the wealth management businesses increased on a currency-adjusted basis by CHF 2 billion.
The overall improved perception of UBS's creditworthiness by investors and creditors noted during the third quarter was generally upheld in the fourth quarter.
The CHF 27 billion decline in funded assets – largely due to currency movements – reduced our need for unsecured borrowing. Our outstanding long-term debt, including financial liabilities at fair value, was down by CHF 15 billion during the quarter to CHF 175 billion at year-end (constituting 19% of our balance sheet liabilities and total equity, excluding negative replacement values, or 22% of our funding sources as shown in the "UBS: funding by product and currency" table). Our customer and interbank deposits increased slightly by CHF 2 billion respectively, compared with the prior quarter-end, as did our outstanding money market paper issuance, which was CHF 56 billion at the end of the fourth quarter compared with CHF 54 billion at the prior quarter-end.
As of 31 December 2010, our coverage ratio of customer deposits to our outstanding loan balance increased to 126% compared with an adjusted 124% on 30 September 2010. In the fourth quarter, to improve transparency, we changed the presentation of cash collateral from derivative transactions and prime brokerage receivables and payables. These positions are no longer included in customer and interbank deposits, but are now shown as part of other liabilities in the "UBS asset funding" chart.
➔ Refer to the "Cash collateral from derivative transactions and Prime brokerage receivables and payables" paragraph in the "Note 1 Basis of accounting" section of this report for more information
In terms of secured funding (i.e. repurchase agreements and securities lent against cash collateral received) at the close of the fourth quarter, we borrowed CHF 124 billion less cash on a collateralized basis than we lent, relatively stable compared with the third quarter balance of CHF 122 billion. In the fourth quarter we did not issue any public benchmark debt, but we continued to raise funds through medium-term note issuances and private placements during the quarter. Senior unsecured public bonds totaling CHF 0.7 billion equivalents matured in the fourth quarter. Additionally, as mentioned in our previous quarterly report, on 1 October 2010, we redeemed USD 1.5 billion of trust preferred securities, and on 17 November 2010, we redeemed a floating-rate subordinated bond with EUR 1.2 billion outstanding nominal.
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| All currencies | CHF | EUR | USD | Others | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| in % $1$ | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 |
| Securities lending | 0.9 | 1.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.1 | 0.3 |
| Repurchase agreements | 9.6 | 9.8 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.4 | 1.0 | 6.4 | 7.0 | 0.8 | 0.9 |
| Interbank | 5.3 | 4.8 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 1.3 | .2 | 2.3 | 2.1 |
| Money market paper | 7.2 | 6.7 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 5.7 | 5.3 | 0.6 | 0.6 |
| Retail savings / deposits | 13.4 | 12.7 | 9.3 | 8.6 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Demand deposits | 15.6 | 15.4 | 5.9 | 5.5 | 3.1 | 3.4 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 2.1 | 2.0 |
| Fiduciary | 3.9 | 4.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 1.1 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 0.6 | 0.5 | |
| Time deposits | 9.6 | 8.4 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 5.3 | 4.1 | 2.6 | 2.7 |
| Long-term debt 2 | 22.4 | 23.3 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 8.0 | 8.9 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 3.2 | 3.2 |
| Cash collateral payables on derivative instruments 3 | 7.5 | 9.0 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 3.2 | 4.1 | 3.2 | 3.8 | 0.9 | 1.0 |
| Prime brokerage payables 3 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 0.7 | 0.5 |
| Total | 100.0 | 100.0 | 21.5 | 20.1 | 20.7 | 22.4 | 43.9 | 43.7 | 13.9 | 13.8 |
1 As a percent of total funding sources defined as the CHF 782 billion on the balance sheet comprising repurchase agreements, securities lending against cash collateral received, due to banks, money market paper issued, due to customers and long-term debt (including financial liabilities at fair value), cash collateral payables on derivative transactions and prime brokerage payables. 2 Including financial liabilities designated at fair value. 3 Commencing in fourth quarter 2010, UBS changed presentation of cash collateral for derivative transactions and prime brokerage receivables and payables. These positions are no longer included in interbank and demand deposits, but are shown on separate lines in the table above.
The increase in our regulatory capital base, combined with a reduction in risk-weighted assets, led to an improvement of our BIS tier 1 capital ratio to 17.7% on 31 December 2010, from 16.7% on 30 September 2010. Regulatory proposals were finalized by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, and the Swiss Federal Council published draft legislation based on the recommendations of the Swiss Expert Commission.
In the fourth quarter, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) published the final Basel III rules and the results of the quantitative impact study. The texts, which clarified technical details, are broadly in line with previous communications. The treatment of systemically relevant banks still needs to be determined. The Swiss Federal Council released the draft legislative proposals and commentary on the "too big to fail" issue for consultation. The proposals are closely in line with the final report of the Swiss Expert Commission and are scheduled for parliamentary debate in spring 2011. Regulatory reforms in other jurisdictions continued at a more moderate pace.
The papers published on 16 December 2010 contained the global regulatory standards on capital adequacy and liquidity agreed by the Group of Governors and Heads of Supervision as well as the results of the quantitative impact study (QIS). The regulatory framework establishes higher capital standards, more refined risk measurement, a leverage ratio concept and the introduction of two global liquidity standards.
On 13 January 2011, the BCBS published additional criteria for tier 1 and tier 2 capital to ensure that all classes of capital absorb losses at the point of non-viability. Also, operational guidance on the countercyclical capital buffer was provided for national authorities, which aims to protect the banking sector from periods of excess aggregate credit growth.
➔ Refer to the discussion of "Regulatory developments" in the "Capital management" section of our third quarter 2010 report for more information on the measures agreed by the Group of Governors and Heads of Supervision
On 22 December 2010, the Swiss Federal Council launched the consultation on the "too big to fail" legislative proposals. The draft contains the measures recommended by the Swiss Expert Commission which form the heart of the proposals. There are two new elements compared with the Commission's final report: (i) proposed legal changes to grant tax relief for the Swiss capital market and (ii) a paragraph that empowers the Federal Council to rule on variable compensation for bank employees in case of future government support for a bank. The consultation is scheduled to end on 23 March 2011 and, after consolidation, the papers will enter the parliamentary process with a view to conclude the debate in 2011.
The Swiss administration took strides to further clarify the measures stipulated by the Expert Commission, while the four main pillars (increased capital requirements, enhanced liquidity regulations, reduced interconnectedness of the banking sector and organizational measures) remained in place. The legislation would require each systemically relevant institution such as UBS to develop a plan to ensure the continuation of systemically relevant functions within Switzerland, in the event that the institution approaches insolvency. It would empower FINMA to impose farreaching structural changes, including among other things the separation of lines of business into separate legal entities and restrictions on intra-group funding and guarantees, should any such institution be deemed to have failed to develop an adequate plan.
➔ Refer to the discussion of "Regulatory developments" in the "Capital management" section of our third quarter 2010 report for more information on the measures proposed by the Swiss Expert Commission
Other notable regulatory initiatives include the Dodd-Frank Act in the US, which impacts systemic risk oversight, bank capital standards, the handling of failing financial institutions, OTC derivatives, the ability of deposit-taking banks to engage in proprietarytrading activities and make sizeable investments in hedge funds and private equity (the so-called Volcker rule), consumer and investor protection, hedge fund registration, securitization, investment advisors, shareholders empowerment with a say on pay, the role of credit-rating agencies, and more. We will continue to monitor these changes carefully as the implementing regulations emerge, and will make adjustments in our business and booking model as required.
The European Commission opened a consultation on technical details of a possible EU framework for bank recovery and resolution, which will continue until 3 March 2011. The Commission intends to proceed gradually towards a comprehensive EU framework for troubled and failing banks in the following phases: legislative proposal for a harmonized EU regime for crisis prevention and bank recovery and resolution; further harmonization of bank insolvency regimes; and creation of an integrated resolution regime. The consultation paper runs through the lifecycle of a financial institution, detailing conditions for prevention, early intervention and resolution.
The landscape for banking in the UK will be shaped by the findings of the Independent Commission on Banking (ICB), which has been tasked with finding ways to promote financial stability and competition, and is expected to publish an interim report in spring 2011 before submitting its final report in September 2011. On 10 December 2010, the UK government published draft legislation to implement the bank levy announced in June 2010, which is intended to encourage banks to reduce funding risk.
On 31 December 2010, our BIS tier 1 capital ratio stood at 17.7% (up from 16.7% on 30 September 2010), and our BIS core tier 1 capital ratio stood at 15.3% (up from 14.2% on 30 September 2010), while our BIS total capital ratio was 20.4% (up from 20.2% on 30 September 2010). Our BIS tier 1 capital increased by CHF 0.5 billion to CHF 35.3 billion, while RWA decreased by CHF 9.4 billion to CHF 198.9 billion.
To facilitate comparability, we publish RWA according to the Basel II Capital Framework (BIS guidelines). However, our RWA for supervisory purposes are based on regulations of FINMA, and are higher than under the BIS guidelines.
The BIS RWA decrease of CHF 9.4 billion in the fourth quarter was primarily related to reduction in credit risk RWA of CHF 8.8 billion, due to foreign currency effects, reductions in exposures and changes in the risk methodologies. Additionally, market risk RWA decreased by CHF 0.3 billion and non-counterparty-related RWA decreased by CHF 0.2 billion.
Eligible BIS tier 1 capital is determined by making specific adjustments to equity attributable to UBS shareholders as defined by
IFRS and disclosed on our balance sheet. The most notable adjustments are the deductions for goodwill, intangible assets, investments in unconsolidated entities engaged in banking and financial activities, and own credit effects on liabilities designated at fair value. As of 31 December 2010, there was no difference in eligible capital between the BIS guidelines and FINMA regulations.
Further, UBS has called a floating-rate EUR 1.2 billion subordinated bond on 18 October 2010, which was redeemed on 17 November 2010.
The CHF 0.5 billion increase in BIS tier 1 capital reflected CHF 1.3 billion of the fourth quarter net profit recognized under IFRS plus CHF 0.5 billion related to own credit losses, which are reversed for capital purposes. These items were partially offset by CHF 0.4 billion in negative foreign currency effects, CHF 0.7 billion related to share-based compensation and other net reductions of CHF 0.2 billion. 25
| 15 CHF million, except where indicated |
31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 |
|---|---|---|---|
| BIS core tier 1 capital | 30,369 | 29,579 | 24,574 |
| 10 BIS tier 1 capital |
35,272 | 34,817 | 31,798 |
| BIS total capital | 40,501 | 42,130 | 40,941 |
| BIS core tier 1 capital ratio (%) | 5 15.3 |
14.2 | 11.9 |
| BIS tier 1 capital ratio (%) | 17.7 | 16.7 | 15.4 |
| BIS total capital ratio (%) | 0 20.4 |
20.2 | 19.8 |
| BIS risk-weighted assets | 198,875 | 208,289 | 206,525 |
| of which: credit risk1 | 119,919 | 128,763 | 140,494 |
| of which: non-counterparty related risk | 6,195 | 6,443 | 7,026 |
| of which: market risk | 20,813 | 21,136 | 12,861 |
| of which: operational risk | 51,948 | 51,948 | 46,144 |
1 Includes securitization exposures and equity exposures not part of the trading book and capital requirements for settlement risk (failed trades).
| CHF million | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 |
|---|---|---|---|
| BIS core tier 1 capital prior to deductions | 46,305 | 45,314 | 40,144 |
| of which: paid-in share capital | 383 | 383 | 356 |
| of which: share premium, retained earnings, currency translation differences and other elements | 45,922 | 44,931 | 39,788 |
| Less: treasury shares/ deduction for own shares1 | (2,993) | (2,295) | (2,424) |
| Less: goodwill & intangible assets | (9,822) | (10,321) | (11,008) |
| Less: securitization exposures2 | (2,385) | (2,384) | (1,506) |
| Less: other deduction items3 | (735) | (735) | (632) |
| BIS core tier 1 capital | 30,369 | 29,579 | 24,574 |
| Hybrid tier 1 capital | 4,903 | 5,238 | 7,224 |
| of which: non-innovative capital instruments | 1,523 | 1,628 | 1,785 |
| of which: innovative capital instruments | 3,380 | 3,610 | 5,438 |
| BIS tier 1 capital | 35,272 | 34,817 | 31,798 |
| Upper tier 2 capital | 110 | 168 | 50 |
| Lower tier 2 capital | 8,239 | 10,265 | 11,231 |
| Less: securitization exposures2 | (2,385) | (2,384) | (1,506) |
| Less: other deduction items3 | (735) | (735) | (632) |
| BIS total capital | 40,501 | 42,130 | 40,941 |
1 Consists of: i) net long position in own shares held for trading purposes; ii) own shares bought for unvested or upcoming share awards; and iii) accruals built for upcoming share awards. 2 Includes a 50% deduction of the fair value of UBS's option to acquire the SNB StabFund's equity (CHF 1,781 million on 31.12.10 and CHF 1,719 million on 30.9.10). 3 Positions to be deducted as 50% from tier 1 and 50% from total capital mainly consist of: i) net long position of non-consolidated participations in the finance sector; ii) expected loss on advanced internal ratings based portfolio less general provisions (if difference is positive); iii) expected loss for equities (simple risk-weight method).
Our BIS tier 2 capital declined by CHF 2.1 billion to CHF 5.2 billion. This reduction is mainly due to the aforementioned redemption of the EUR 1.2 billion subordinated bond as well as foreign currency effects.
FINMA requires a minimum leverage ratio of 3% at the Group level, with the expectation that the ratio will exceed this level during normal times. These targets are to be achieved by 1 January 2013 at the latest. Our ratio for the fourth quarter slightly improved to 4.44%, due to a 1% increase of BIS tier 1 capital and a stable level of total adjusted assets. The table on the next page shows the calculation of our Group FINMA leverage ratio.
Our equity attribution framework aims to guide each business towards activities that appropriately balance profit potential, risk and capital usage. The design of the framework, which includes some forward-looking elements, enables us to calculate and assess return on attributed equity (RoaE) in each of our business divisions, and integrates Group-wide capital management activities with those at a business division level.
The amount of equity attributed to the Investment Bank increased by CHF 1 billion compared with the third quarter. This was influenced by an expected moderate increase in the size of the Investment Banks' assets over time. The "Average attributed equity" table indicates that a total of CHF 49.5 billion of average equity was attributed to our business divisions as well as Treasury activities and other corporate items in the fourth quarter. Equity attributable to UBS shareholders averaged CHF 47.2 billion during the quarter, which resulted in a deficit of CHF 2.3 billion.
Total UBS shares issued increased by 31,076 shares in fourth quarter, due to exercises of employee options. UBS holds its own shares primarily to hedge employee share and option participation plans. A smaller number is held by the Investment Bank in its capacity as a market-maker in UBS shares and related derivatives. Treasury shares increased by 4,232,063 shares in the fourth quarter, mainly due to an increased position held by our Investment Bank.
| CHF billion, except where indicated | Average 4Q10 | Average 3Q10 | Average 4Q09 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total balance sheet assets (IFRS)1 | 1,398.5 | 1,459.1 | 1,426.2 |
| Less: netting of replacement values2 | (410.1) | (467.7) | (420.9) |
| Less: loans to Swiss clients (excluding banks)3 | (161.6) | (161.6) | (161.4) |
| Less: cash and balances with central banks | (20.1) | (25.4) | (22.1) |
| Less: other4 | (12.4) | (12.7) | (12.4) |
| Total adjusted assets | 794.2 | 791.7 | 809.4 |
| BIS tier 1 capital (at quarter end) | 35.3 | 34.8 | 31.8 |
| FINMA leverage ratio (%) | 4.44 | 4.40 | 3.93 |
1 Total assets are calculated as the average of the month-end values for the three months in the calculation period. 2 Includes the impact of netting agreements (including cash collateral) in accordance with Swiss Federal Banking Law, based on the IFRS scope of consolidation. 3 Includes mortgage loans to international clients for properties located in Switzerland. 4 Refer to the "Capital components" table for more information on deductions of assets from BIS tier 1 capital.
| CHF billion | 4Q10 | 3Q10 | 4Q09 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wealth Management | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 |
| Retail & Corporate | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.6 |
| Wealth Management & Swiss Bank | 9.0 | 9.0 | 9.0 |
| Wealth Management Americas | 8.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 |
| Global Asset Management | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 |
| Investment Bank | 27.0 | 26.0 | 24.0 |
| Treasury activities and other corporate items | 3.0 | 3.0 | 1.0 |
| Average equity attributed to the business divisions | 49.5 | 48.5 | 44.5 |
| Surplus/(deficit) | (2.3) | (1.6) | (4.2) |
| Average equity attributable to UBS shareholders | 47.2 | 46.9 | 40.3 |
| 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | change from 30.9.10 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ordinary shares issued | 3,830,840,513 | 3,830,809,437 | 31,076 |
| Issue of shares for employee options | 31,076 | ||
| Treasury shares | 38,892,031 | 34,659,968 | 4,232,063 |
| Shares outstanding | 3,791,948,482 | 3,796,149,469 | (4,200,987) |
Unaudited
| For the quarter ended | % change from | Year ended | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHF million, except per share data | Note | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | 3Q10 | 4Q09 | 31.12.10 | 31.12.09 |
| Continuing operations | ||||||||
| Interest income | 3 | 4,591 | 4,620 | 4,681 | (1) | (2) | 18,872 | 23,461 |
| Interest expense | 3 | (2,888) | (3,019) | (2,932) | (4) | (2) | (12,657) | (17,016) |
| Net interest income | 3 | 1,703 | 1,601 | 1,749 | 6 | (3) | 6,215 | 6,446 |
| Credit loss (expense)/recovery | (164) | 30 | (83) | 98 | (66) | (1,832) | ||
| Net interest income after credit loss expense | 1,539 | 1,631 | 1,667 | (6) | (8) | 6,149 | 4,614 | |
| Net fee and commission income | 4 | 4,444 | 3,978 | 4,438 | 12 | 0 | 17,160 | 17,712 |
| Net trading income | 3 | 766 | 868 | (62) | (12) | 7,452 | (324) | |
| Other income | 5 | 373 | 180 | 52 | 107 | 617 | 1,214 | 599 |
| Total operating income | 7,122 | 6,658 | 6,095 | 7 | 17 | 31,975 | 22,601 | |
| Personnel expenses | 6 | 3,851 | 3,977 | 3,323 | (3) | 16 | 16,994 | 16,543 |
| General and administrative expenses | 7 | 1,854 | 1,634 | 1,547 | 13 | 20 | 6,545 | 6,248 |
| Depreciation of property and equipment | 231 | 196 | 280 | 18 | (18) | 918 | 1,048 | |
| Impairment of goodwill | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1,123 | |||
| Amortization of intangible assets | 26 | 33 | 33 | (21) | (21) | 117 | 200 | |
| Total operating expenses | 5,962 | 5,840 | 5,183 | 2 | 15 | 24,573 | 25,162 | |
| Operating profit from continuing operations before tax | 1,161 | 818 | 912 | 42 | 27 | 7,402 | (2,561) | |
| Tax expense /(benefit) | 9 | (149) | (825) | (480) | 82 | 69 | (61) | (443) |
| Net profit from continuing operations | 1,310 | 1,643 | 1,392 | (20) | (6) | 7,463 | (2,118) | |
| Discontinued operations | ||||||||
| Profit from discontinued operations before tax | 0 | 0 | (25) | 100 | 2 | (7) | ||
| Tax expense | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Net profit from discontinued operations | 0 | 0 | (25) | 100 | 2 | (7) | ||
| Net profit | 1,310 | 1,643 | 1,368 | (20) | (4) | 7,465 | (2,125) | |
| Net profit attributable to non-controlling interests | 21 | (21) | 163 | (87) | 304 | 610 | ||
| from continuing operations | 21 | (21) | 162 | (87) | 303 | 600 | ||
| from discontinued operations | 0 | 0 | 1 | (100) | 1 | 10 | ||
| Net profit attributable to UBS shareholders | 1,290 | 1,664 | 1,205 | (22) | 7 | 7,161 | (2,736) | |
| from continuing operations | 1,290 | 1,664 | 1,231 | (22) | 5 | 7,160 | (2,719) | |
| from discontinued operations | 0 | 0 | (26) | 100 | 1 | (17) | ||
| Earnings per share (CHF) | ||||||||
| Basic earnings per share | 8 | 0.34 | 0.44 | 0.32 | (23) | 6 | 1.89 | (0.75) |
| from continuing operations | 0.34 | 0.44 | 0.32 | (23) | 6 | 1.89 | (0.74) | |
| from discontinued operations | 0.00 | 0.00 | (0.01) | 100 | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||
| Diluted earnings per share | 8 | 0.33 | 0.43 | 0.31 | (23) | 6 | 1.87 | (0.75) |
| from continuing operations | 0.33 | 0.43 | 0.32 | (23) | 3 | 1.86 | (0.74) | |
| from discontinued operations | 0.00 | 0.00 | (0.01) | 100 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Quarter ended | Year ended | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHF million | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | 31.12.10 | 31.12.09 |
| Net profit | 1,310 | 1,643 | 1,368 | 7,465 | (2,125) |
| Other comprehensive income | |||||
| Foreign currency translation | |||||
| Foreign currency translation movements, before tax | (932) | (1,120) | (98) | (2,044) | (35) |
| Foreign exchange amounts reclassified to the income statement from equity | 225 | (8) | (17) | 237 | (259) |
| Income tax relating to foreign currency translation movements | 157 | 3 | 9 | 152 | 22 |
| Subtotal foreign currency translation movements, net of tax | (550) | (1,125) | (106) | (1,655) | (272) |
| Financial investments available-for-sale | |||||
| Net unrealized gains/(losses) on financial investments available-for-sale, before tax | (593) | 33 | 35 | (499) | 157 |
| Impairment charges reclassified to the income statement from equity | 8 | 15 | 2 | 72 | 70 |
| Realized gains reclassified to the income statement from equity | (83) | (112) | (4) | (357) | (147) |
| Realized losses reclassified to the income statement from equity | 27 | 50 | 1 | 153 | 1 |
| Income tax relating to net unrealized gains/(losses) on financial investments available-for-sale | 36 | (2) | (16) | 13 | (54) |
| Subtotal net unrealized gains/(losses) on financial investments available-for-sale, net of tax | (605) | (16) | 18 | (618) | 27 |
| Cash flow hedges | |||||
| Effective portion of changes in fair value of derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges, before tax |
(1,221) | 441 | (268) | 927 | 78 |
| Net unrealized (gains)/losses reclassified to the income statement from equity | (259) | (192) | (194) | (1,108) | (756) |
| Income tax effects relating to cash flow hedges | 305 | (53) | 101 | 38 | 257 |
| Subtotal changes in fair value of derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges | (1,175) | 196 | (361) | (143) | (421) |
| Total other comprehensive income | (2,330) | (945) | (450) | (2,416) | (667) |
| Total comprehensive income | (1,020) | 698 | 918 | 5,049 | (2,792) |
| Total comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interests | (251) | (254) | 65 | (484) | 484 |
| Total comprehensive income attributable to UBS shareholders | (769) | 952 | 853 | 5,533 | (3,276) |
| As of | % change from | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHF million | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | 31.12.09 | |
| Assets | |||||
| Cash and balances with central banks | 26,939 | 20,288 | 20,899 | 29 | |
| Due from banks | 17,133 | 17,126 | 16,804 | 2 | |
| Cash collateral on securities borrowed | 62,454 | 70,699 | 63,507 | (2) | |
| Reverse repurchase agreements | 142,790 | 140,731 | 116,689 | 22 | |
| Trading portfolio assets | 167,463 | 186,050 | 188,037 | (11) | |
| Trading portfolio assets pledged as collateral | 61,352 | 60,262 | 44,221 | 39 | |
| Positive replacement values | 401,127 | 517,438 | 421,694 | (5) | |
| Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments | 38,071 | 45,164 | 53,774 | (29) | |
| Financial assets designated at fair value | 8,504 | 8,863 | 10,223 | (17) | |
| Loans | 262,877 | 265,993 | 266,477 | (1) | |
| Financial investments available-for-sale | 74,768 | 74,797 | 81,757 | (9) | |
| Accrued income and prepaid expenses | 5,466 | 5,643 | 5,816 | (6) | |
| Investments in associates | 790 | 871 | 870 | (9) | |
| Property and equipment | 5,467 | 5,664 | 6,212 | (12) | |
| Goodwill and intangible assets | 9,822 | 10,321 | 11,008 | (11) | |
| Deferred tax assets | 9,517 | 8,852 | 8,868 | 7 | |
| Other assets | 22,681 | 21,747 | 23,682 | (4) | |
| Total assets | 1,317,223 | 1,460,509 | 1,340,538 | (2) | |
| Liabilities | |||||
| Due to banks | 41,490 | 39,216 | 31,922 | 30 | |
| Cash collateral on securities lent | 6,651 | 9,265 | 7,995 | (17) | |
| Repurchase agreements | 74,796 | 79,822 | 64,175 | 17 | |
| Trading portfolio liabilities | 54,975 | 58,013 | 47,469 | 16 | |
| Negative replacement values | 393,762 | 499,635 | 409,943 | (4) | |
| Cash collateral payables on derivative instruments | 58,924 | 73,524 | 66,097 | (11) | |
| Financial liabilities designated at fair value | 100,756 | 106,857 | 112,653 | (11) | |
| Due to customers | 332,301 | 330,325 | 339,263 | (2) | |
| Accrued expenses and deferred income | 7,812 | 7,437 | 8,689 | (10) | |
| Debt issued | 130,271 | 137,152 | 131,352 | (1) | |
| Other liabilities | 63,681 | 65,970 | 72,344 | (12) | |
| Total liabilities | 1,265,420 | 1,407,218 | 1,291,905 | (2) | |
| Equity | |||||
| Share capital | 383 | 383 | 356 | 8 | |
| Share premium | 34,675 | 34,799 | 34,824 | 0 | |
| Cumulative net income recognized directly in equity, net of tax | (6,503) | (4,444) | (4,875) | (33) | |
| Retained earnings | 18,912 | 17,623 | 11,751 | 61 | |
| Equity classified as obligation to purchase own shares | (54) | (48) | (2) | ||
| Treasury shares | (654) | (599) | (1,040) | 37 | |
| Equity attributable to UBS shareholders | 46,760 | 47,713 | 41,013 | 14 | |
| Equity attributable to non-controlling interests | 5,043 | 5,578 | 7,620 | (34) | |
| Total equity | 51,803 | 53,291 | 48,633 | 7 | |
| Total liabilities and equity | 1,317,223 | 1,460,509 | 1,340,538 | (2) |
| CHF million | Share capital | Share premium | Treasury shares |
|---|---|---|---|
| Balance at 31 December 2008 | 293 | 25,288 | (3,156) |
| Issuance of share capital | 63 | ||
| Acquisition of treasury shares | (476) | ||
| Disposition of treasury shares | 2,592 | ||
| Net premium/(discount) on treasury share and own equity derivative activity | (1,268) | ||
| Premium on shares issued and warrants exercised | 10,599 | ||
| Employee share and share option plans | 291 | ||
| Tax benefits from deferred compensation awards | 1 | ||
| Transaction costs related to share issuance, net of tax | (87) | ||
| Dividends1 | |||
| Equity classified as obligation to purchase own shares – movements | |||
| Preferred securities | |||
| New consolidations and other increases | |||
| Deconsolidations and other decreases | |||
| Total comprehensive income for the year recognized in equity | |||
| Balance at 31 December 2009 | 356 | 34,824 | (1,040) |
| Issuance of share capital | 27 | ||
| Acquisition of treasury shares | (1,574) | ||
| Disposition of treasury shares | 1,960 | ||
| Net premium/(discount) on treasury share and own equity derivative activity | 131 | ||
| Premium on shares issued and warrants exercised | 83 | ||
| Employee share and share option plans | (106) | ||
| Tax benefits from deferred compensation awards | (8) | ||
| Transaction costs related to share issuances, net of tax | (113) | ||
| Dividends1 | |||
| Equity classified as obligation to purchase own shares – movements | |||
| Preferred securities | |||
| New consolidations and other increases | (136) | ||
| Deconsolidations and other decreases | |||
| Total comprehensive income for the year recognized in equity | |||
| Balance at 31 December 2010 | 383 | 34,675 | (654) |
| 1 Includes dividend payment obligations for preferred securities. |
| For the year ended | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| CHF million | 31.12.10 | 31.12.09 | |
| Balance at the beginning of the year | 7,254 | 7,381 | |
| Redemptions | (1,529) | (7) | |
| Foreign currency translation | (818) | (120) | |
| Balance at the end of the year | 4,907 | 7,254 | |
1 Represents equity attributable to non-controlling interests. Increases and offsetting decreases of equity attributable to non-controlling interests due to dividends are excluded from this table.
| Non-controlling interests Total equity |
Total equity attributable to UBS shareholders |
Cash flow hedges | Financial investments available-for-sale |
Foreign currency translation |
Retained earnings |
Equity classified as obligation to purchase own shares |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8,002 40,533 |
32,531 | 1,627 | 347 | (6,309) | 14,487 | (46) |
| 63 | 63 | |||||
| (476) | (476) | |||||
| 2,592 | 2,592 | |||||
| (1,268) | (1,268) | |||||
| 10,599 | 10,599 | |||||
| 291 | 291 | |||||
| 1 | 1 | |||||
| (87) | (87) | |||||
| (849) (849) |
0 | |||||
| 44 | 44 | 44 | ||||
| (7) (7) |
0 | |||||
| 3 3 |
0 | |||||
| (13) (13) |
0 | |||||
| 484 (2,792) |
(3,276) | (421) | 17 | (136) | (2,736) | |
| 7,620 48,633 |
41,013 | 1,206 | 364 | (6,445) | 11,751 | (2) |
| 27 | 27 | |||||
| (1,574) | (1,574) | |||||
| 1,960 | 1,960 | |||||
| 131 | 131 | |||||
| 83 | 83 | |||||
| (106) (8) |
(106) | |||||
| (8) | ||||||
| (113) | (113) | |||||
| (305) (305) |
0 | |||||
| (52) | (52) | (52) | ||||
| (1,529) (1,529) |
0 | |||||
| 6 (130) |
(136) | |||||
| (264) (264) |
0 | |||||
| (484) 5,049 |
5,533 | (143) | (607) | (878) | 7,161 | |
| 5,043 51,803 |
46,760 | 1,063 | (243) | (7,323) | 18,912 | (54) |
| For the year ended | ||
|---|---|---|
| CHF million | 31.12.10 | 31.12.09 |
| Cash flow from/(used in) operating activities | ||
| Net profit | 7,465 | (2,125) |
| Adjustments to reconcile net profit to cash flow from/(used in) operating activities | ||
| Non-cash items included in net profit and other adjustments: | ||
| Depreciation of property and equipment | 918 | 1,048 |
| Impairment of goodwill/ amortization of intangible assets | 117 | 1,323 |
| Credit loss expense /(recovery) | 66 | 1,832 |
| Share of net profits of associates | (81) | (37) |
| Deferred tax expense /(benefit) | (285) | (960) |
| Net loss/(gain) from investing activities | (531) | 425 |
| Net loss/(gain) from financing activities | 1,125 | 8,355 |
| Net (increase)/ decrease in operating assets: | ||
| Net due from/to banks | 9,022 | (41,766) |
| Reverse repurchase agreements and cash collateral on securities borrowed | (25,048) | 162,822 |
| Trading portfolio, net replacement values and financial assets designated at fair value | 21,231 | 11,118 |
| Loans/ due to customers | (3,429) | (316) |
| Accrued income, prepaid expenses and other assets | 613 | (4,208) |
| Net increase /(decrease) in operating liabilities: | ||
| Repurchase agreements, cash collateral on securities lent | 9,277 | (41,351) |
| Net cash collateral on derivative instruments | (988) | (11,916) |
| Accrued expenses, deferred income and other liabilities | (7,325) | (29,242) |
| Income taxes paid, net of refunds | (498) | (505) |
| Net cash flow from/(used in) operating activities | 11,648 | 54,497 |
| Cash flow from/(used in) investing activities | ||
| Purchase of subsidiaries and associates | (75) | (42) |
| Disposal of subsidiaries and associates | 307 | 296 |
| Purchase of property and equipment | (541) | (854) |
| Disposal of property and equipment | 242 | 163 |
| Net (investment in)/ divestment of financial investments | (25,631) | (20,127) |
| Net cash flow from/(used in) investing activities | (25,698) | (20,563) |
| Cash flow from/(used in) financing activities | ||
| Net money market papers issued /(repaid) | 4,459 | (60,040) |
| Net movements in treasury shares and own equity derivative activity | (1,172) | 673 |
| Capital issuance | (113) | 3,726 |
| Issuance of long-term debt, including financial liabilities designated at fair value | 78,418 | 67,062 |
| Repayment of long-term debt, including financial liabilities designated at fair value | (77,497) | (65,024) |
| Increase in non-controlling interests | 6 | 3 |
| Dividends paid to / decrease in non-controlling interests | (2,053) | (583) |
| Net cash flow from/(used in) financing activities | 2,048 | (54,183) |
| Effects of exchange rate differences | (12,150) | 5,529 |
| Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | (24,151) | (14,721) |
| Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year | 164,973 | 179,693 |
| Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year | 140,822 | 164,973 |
| Cash and cash equivalents comprise: | ||
| Cash and balances with central banks | 26,939 | 20,899 |
| Money market papers1 | 77,998 | 98,432 |
| Due from banks with original maturity of less than three months2 | 35,885 | 45,642 |
| Total | 140,822 | 164,973 |
1 Money market papers are included in the balance sheet under Trading portfolio assets, Trading portfolio assets pledged as collateral and Financial investments available-for-sale. 2 Includes positions recognized in the balance sheet under Due from banks and Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments.
Cash paid as interest was CHF 12,606 million and CHF 19,597 million for the years ended 31 December 2010 and 31 December 2009, respectively.
UBS AG's ("UBS") consolidated financial statements (financial statements) are prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and stated in Swiss francs (CHF).
In preparing the interim financial statements, the same accounting principles and methods of computation have been applied as in the financial statements on 31 December 2009 and for the year then ended, except for the changes set out below and in "Note 1 Basis of accounting" in the "Financial information" section of UBS's first, second and third quarter 2010 reports. For fair value measurements and changes in valuation techniques, UBS provides complementary information in "Note 11 Fair value of financial instruments" in the "Financial information" section of its quarterly reports.
These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IAS 34 Interim Financial Reporting. However they do not include certain explanatory notes, which will be included in the annual financial statements 2010 to be published on 15 March 2011. The interim financial statements are unaudited. In the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods have been made. These interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements included in UBS's Annual Report 2009.
In October 2010, the IASB updated IFRS 9 Financial Instruments to include guidance on financial liabilities and de-recognition of financial instruments, and amended IFRS 7 to include disclosures about transferred financial assets. The accounting and presentation for financial liabilities and for de-recognition of financial instruments has been transferred from IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement to IFRS 9. The guidance is unchanged with one exception: the accounting for financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss.
The requirements in IAS 39 regarding the classification and measurement of financial liabilities have been retained, including the related application and implementation guidance. The two existing measurement categories for financial liabilities remain unchanged. The criteria for designating a financial liability at fair value through profit or loss also remain unchanged.
For financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss, changes in fair value due to changes in an entity's own credit risk are directly recognized in other comprehensive income (OCI) instead of in profit or loss. There is no subsequent recycling of realized gains or losses from OCI to profit or loss. For financial liabilities that are required to be measured at fair value through profit or loss, i.e. all derivatives and trading portfolio liabilities, all fair value movements will continue to be recognized in profit and loss. This applies also to financial guarantees and loan commitments measured at fair value through profit or loss.
UBS is currently assessing the impact of the new standard on its financial statements. IFRS 9 is applicable for accounting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2013, with early adoption permitted. The IFRS 7 amendments are applicable for annual accounting periods beginning on or after 1 July 2011.
In December 2010, the IASB issued amendments to IAS 12 Income Taxes to clarify guidance related to the measurement of deferred taxes. IAS 12 requires an entity to measure the deferred tax related to an asset based on whether the entity expects to recover the carrying amount of the asset through use or sale. The guidance establishes a rebuttable presumption that recovery of the carrying amount will normally be through sale. As a result of the amendments, SIC-21, Income Taxes – Recovery of Revalued Non-Depreciable Assets, would no longer apply to investment properties carried at fair value. The amendments also incorporate the guidance contained in SIC-21, which is now withdrawn. The amendments are effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2012, with early adoption permitted. UBS is currently assessing the impact of the revised standard on its financial statements.
Commencing first quarter 2010, the internal reporting of Wealth Management & Swiss Bank to the Group Executive Board was revised in order to better reflect the management structure and responsibilities. Segregated financial information is now reported for:
In line with this revised internal reporting structure and IFRS 8 Operating Segments, Wealth Management and Retail & Corporate are now presented in our external financial reports as separate business units and reportable segments. Prior periods presented have been restated to conform to the new presentation format.
From first quarter 2010 onwards, all costs incurred by the Corporate Center related to shared services and control functions are allocated to the business units (reportable segments), which directly and indirectly receive the value of the services. The allocated costs are shown in the respective expense lines of the reportable segments in "Note 2 Segment reporting" in the "Financial information" section of this report and in the management report sections of UBS's quarterly and annual reports.
Up to and including 2009, certain costs incurred by the Corporate Center were presented as Corporate Center expenses and not charged to the business divisions. This change in allocation policy has been applied prospectively, and numbers presented for 2009 periods in this report have not been restated. Refer to "Note 1 Basis of accounting" in the "Financial information" section of UBS's first quarter 2010 report for an indication of the average estimated impact on quarterly 2009 figures, had the new allocation methodology been applied to 2009.
The incremental charges to the business divisions made from first quarter 2010 onwards mainly relate to control functions.
The "Corporate Center" column of the table in "Note 2 Segment reporting" in the "Financial information" section of this report has been renamed "Treasury activities and other corporate items". It mainly includes the results of treasury activities, for example from the management of foreign exchange risks and interest rate risks, residual operating expenses such as those associated with the functioning of the Group Executive Board and the Board of Directors, other costs related to the management of our organization as well as a limited number of specifically defined items. These items currently include the valuation of UBS's option to acquire the SNB Stab-Fund's equity, certain expenses and non-banking activities.
Commencing fourth quarter 2010, UBS has changed the presentation of cash collateral from derivative transactions and prime brokerage receivables and payables to improve transparency.
Cash collateral receivables and payables on derivatives are presented in the new balance sheet lines Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments and Cash collateral payables on derivative instruments by transferring the amounts out of Due from banks and Loans, and Due to banks and Due to customers, respectively. Prime brokerage receivables and prime brokerage payables have been transferred out of Due from banks and Loans to Other assets, and out of Due to banks and Due to customers to Other liabilities, respectively. These changes in presentation impacted neither UBS's income statement nor total assets and liabilities. The statement of cash flows for 2009 was adjusted accordingly.
For 2009, the following reclassifications were made:
| CHF million | 31.12.09 – before reclassification |
Reclassification | 31.12.09 – after reclassification |
|---|---|---|---|
| Due from banks | 46,574 | (29,770) | 16,804 |
| Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments | 0 | 53,774 | 53,774 |
| Loans | 306,828 | (40,351) | 266,477 |
| Other assets | 7,336 | 16,347 | 23,682 |
| Due to banks | 65,166 | (33,244) | 31,922 |
| Cash collateral payables on derivative instruments | 0 | 66,097 | 66,097 |
| Due to customers | 410,475 | (71,212) | 339,263 |
| Other liabilities | 33,986 | 38,359 | 72,344 |
In the fourth quarter, UBS reviewed certain components of its equity and made adjustments to correct immaterial misstatements that relate to periods several years back. The following paragraphs describe the impacts of the changes on UBS's financial statements as of 31 December 2010.
UBS's Foreign currency translation balance was adjusted by a credit of CHF 429 million. The adjustment increased total Other comprehensive income and total Comprehensive income by CHF 429 million.
In addition, UBS reclassified an amount of CHF 213 million from Equity attributable to non controlling interests to Other liabilities as this amount has been identified as redeemable and therefore not satisfying the criteria for an equity instrument under IFRS. Also, an amount of CHF 134 million relating to an equity participation plan was reclassified from Share premium to Other liabilities as it was identified that the amount is not related to equity settled awards. The impact on the income statement for both items was insignificant.
Furthermore, UBS merged the balance of the balance sheet line Revaluation reserve from step acquisitions, net of tax into Share premium, resulting in an increase of Share premium by CHF 38 million. The balance sheets as of 30 September 2010 and 31 December 2009, and the statement of changes in equity for 2009, were adjusted accordingly.
In the fourth quarter, UBS reclassified certain elements of Other personnel expenses to Salaries and variable compensation in order to align the presentation with the new FINMA definition of variable compensation.
Financial advisor compensation relating to Wealth Management Americas was also reported as a separate line for the first time in the fourth quarter. Previously, it was included under Salaries and variable compensation.
In addition, UBS presented the pension costs related to bonus for the first time under Pension and other post-employment benefit plans. Previously, those amounts were reported under Social security. Prior periods' amounts have been adjusted accordingly. The change in the presentation did not impact UBS's personnel expenses. The related amounts are disclosed in the footnotes to Note 6.
Transactions between the reportable segments are carried out at internally agreed rates or at arm's length and are reflected in the performance of each segment. Revenue-sharing agreements are used to allocate external client revenues to a segment and costallocation agreements are used to allocate shared costs between the segments.
| Wealth Management & Swiss Bank |
Wealth Management Americas |
Global Asset Management |
Investment Bank |
Treasury activities and other corporate items1 |
UBS | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHF million | Wealth Management |
Retail & Corporate |
|||||
| For the year ended 31 December 2010 | |||||||
| Net interest income | 1,737 | 2,422 | 695 | (17) | 2,235 | (858) | 6,215 |
| Non-interest income | 5,608 | 1,524 | 4,870 | 2,075 | 9,756 | 1,993 | 25,826 |
| Income2 | 7,345 | 3,946 | 5,565 | 2,058 | 11,991 | 1,135 | 32,041 |
| Credit loss (expense)/recovery | 11 | (76) | (1) | 0 | 0 | 0 | (66) |
| Total operating income | 7,356 | 3,870 | 5,564 | 2,058 | 11,991 | 1,135 | 31,975 |
| Personnel expenses | 3,167 | 1,625 | 4,226 | 1,109 | 6,749 | 118 | 16,994 |
| General and administrative expenses | 1,224 | 836 | 1,223 | 400 | 2,693 | 168 | 6,545 |
| Services (to)/from other business divisions | 449 | (509) | (6) | (5) | 64 | 8 | 0 |
| Depreciation of property and equipment | 163 | 146 | 198 | 43 | 278 | 89 | 918 |
| Impairment of goodwill | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Amortization of intangible assets | 19 | 0 | 55 | 8 | 34 | 0 | 117 |
| Total operating expenses3 | 5,023 | 2,098 | 5,695 | 1,555 | 9,819 | 383 | 24,573 |
| Performance from continuing operations before tax |
2,334 | 1,772 | (131) | 503 | 2,172 | 753 | 7,402 |
| Performance from discontinued operations before tax |
2 | 2 | |||||
| Performance before tax | 2,334 | 1,772 | (131) | 503 | 2,172 | 755 | 7,404 |
| Tax expense /(benefit) on continuing operations | (61) | ||||||
| Tax expense /(benefit) on discontinued operations | 0 | ||||||
| Net profit | 7,465 |
Total assets4 94,082 153,075 50,071 15,894 966,926 37,175 1,317,223 1 Certain cost allocations to the business divisions are based on periodically agreed flat fees charged to the business divisions on a monthly basis. This could lead to a difference between actually incurred Corporate Center costs and charges to the business divisions, the result of which is shown in the column Treasury activities and other corporate items. 2 The total inter-segment revenues for the Group are immaterial as the majority of the revenues are allocated across the business divisions by means of revenue-sharing agreements. 3 Refer to "Note 1 Basis of accounting" in the "Financial information" section of this report for more information on allocation of additional Corporate Center costs to business divisions from first quarter 2010 onwards. 4 The segment assets are based on a third-party view and this basis is in line with the internal reporting to the management, i.e. the amounts do not include inter-company balances.
Transactions between the reportable segments are carried out at internally agreed rates or at arm's length and are reflected in the performance of each segment. Revenue-sharing agreements are used to allocate external client revenues to a segment and costallocation agreements are used to allocate shared costs between the segments.
| Wealth Management & Swiss Bank |
Wealth Management Americas |
Global Asset Management |
Investment Bank |
Treasury activities and other corporate items |
UBS | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHF million | Wealth Management |
Retail & Corporate |
|||||
| For the year ended 31 December 2009 | |||||||
| Net interest income | 1,853 | 2,681 | 800 | 2 | 2,339 | (1,229) | 6,446 |
| Non-interest income | 5,574 | 1,415 | 4,746 | 2,134 | 2,494 | 1,623 | 17,987 |
| Income1 | 7,427 | 4,096 | 5,546 | 2,137 | 4,833 | 394 | 24,433 |
| Credit loss (expense)/recovery | 45 | (178) | 3 | 0 | (1,698) | (5) | (1,832) |
| Total operating income | 7,471 | 3,918 | 5,550 | 2,137 | 3,135 | 389 | 22,601 |
| Personnel expenses | 3,360 | 1,836 | 4,231 | 996 | 5,568 | 551 | 16,543 |
| General and administrative expenses | 1,182 | 835 | 1,017 | 387 | 2,628 | 199 | 6,248 |
| Services (to)/from other business units | 428 | (518) | 4 | (74) | (147) | 306 | 0 |
| Depreciation of property and equipment | 154 | 136 | 170 | 36 | 360 | 193 | 1,048 |
| Impairment of goodwill | 0 | 0 | 34 | 340 | 749 | 0 | 1,123 |
| Amortization of intangible assets | 67 | 0 | 62 | 13 | 59 | 0 | 200 |
| Total operating expenses2 | 5,191 | 2,289 | 5,518 | 1,698 | 9,216 | 1,250 | 25,162 |
| Performance from continuing operations before tax |
2,280 | 1,629 | 32 | 438 | (6,081) | (860) | (2,561) |
| Performance from discontinued operations before tax |
(7) | (7) | |||||
| Performance before tax | 2,280 | 1,629 | 32 | 438 | (6,081) | (867) | (2,569) |
| Tax expense /(benefit) on continuing operations | (443) | ||||||
| Tax expense /(benefit) on discontinued operations | 0 | ||||||
| Net profit | (2,125) |
Total assets3 109,627 138,513 53,197 20,238 991,964 26,999 1,340,538
1 The total inter-segment revenues for the Group are immaterial as the majority of the revenues are allocated across the business divisions by means of revenue-sharing agreements. 2 Refer to "Note 1 Basis of accounting" in the "Financial information" section of this report for more information on allocation of additional Corporate Center costs to business divisions from first quarter 2010 onwards. 3 The segment assets are based on a third-party view and this basis is in line with the internal reporting to the management, i.e. the amounts do not include inter-company balances.
Accounting standards require separate disclosure of Net interest income and Net trading income (see the tables on this and the next page). This required disclosure, however, does not take into account that net interest and trading income are generated by a range of different businesses. In many cases, a particular business can generate both interest and trading income. Fixed income trading activity, for example, generates both trading profits and coupon income. UBS considers it to be more meaningful to analyze net interest and trading income according to the businesses that drive it. The second table below (Breakdown by businesses) provides information that corresponds to this view: Net income from trading businesses includes both interest and trading income generated by the Investment Bank, including its lending activities, and trading income generated by the other business divisions; Net income from interest margin businesses comprises interest income from the loan portfolios of Wealth Management & Swiss Bank and Wealth Management Americas; Net income from treasury activities and other reflects all income from the Group's centralized treasury function.
| For the quarter ended | % change from | Year ended | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHF million | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | 3Q10 | 4Q09 | 31.12.10 | 31.12.09 |
| Net interest and trading income | |||||||
| Net interest income | 1,703 | 1,601 | 1,749 | 6 | (3) | 6,215 | 6,446 |
| Net trading income | 766 | 868 | (62) | (12) | 7,452 | (324) | |
| Total net interest and trading income | 2,469 | 2,469 | 1,688 | 0 | 46 | 13,667 | 6,122 |
| Breakdown by businesses | |||||||
| Net income from trading businesses1 | 968 | 813 | 1,025 | 19 | (6) | 7,489 | 382 |
| Net income from interest margin businesses | 1,189 | 1,150 | 1,229 | 3 | (3) | 4,624 | 5,053 |
| Net income from treasury activities and other | 311 | 506 | (566) | (39) | 1,554 | 687 | |
| Total net interest and trading income | 2,469 | 2,469 | 1,688 | 0 | 46 | 13,667 | 6,122 |
| 1 Includes lending activities of the Investment Bank. | |||||||
| Net interest income | |||||||
| Interest income | |||||||
| Interest earned on loans and advances1 | 2,492 | 2,657 | 2,892 | (6) | (14) | 10,603 | 13,202 |
| Interest earned on securities borrowed and reverse repurchase agreements | 393 | 373 | 317 | 5 | 24 | 1,436 | 2,629 |
| Interest and dividend income from trading portfolio | 1,453 | 1,410 | 1,335 | 3 | 9 | 6,015 | 7,150 |
| Interest income on financial assets designated at fair value | 72 | 60 | 67 | 20 | 7 | 262 | 316 |
| Interest and dividend income from financial investments available-for-sale | 182 | 120 | 70 | 52 | 160 | 557 | 164 |
| Total | 4,591 | 4,620 | 4,681 | (1) | (2) | 18,872 | 23,461 |
| Interest expense | |||||||
| Interest on amounts due to banks and customers2 | 469 | 504 | 517 | (7) | (9) | 1,984 | 3,873 |
| Interest on securities lent and repurchase agreements | 323 | 297 | 263 | 9 | 23 | 1,282 | 2,179 |
| Interest and dividend expense from trading portfolio | 698 | 786 | 743 | (11) | (6) | 3,794 | 3,878 |
| Interest on financial liabilities designated at fair value | 593 | 630 | 585 | (6) | 1 | 2,392 | 2,855 |
| Interest on debt issued | 805 | 802 | 823 | 0 | (2) | 3,206 | 4,231 |
| Total | 2,888 | 3,019 | 2,932 | (4) | (2) | 12,657 | 17,016 |
| Net interest income | 1,703 | 1,601 | 1,749 | 6 | (3) | 6,215 | 6,446 |
1 Includes interest income related to Cash collateral receivables on derivative instruments. 2 Includes interest expense related to Cash collateral payables on derivative instruments.
Interest includes forward points on foreign exchange swaps used to manage short-term interest rate risk on foreign currency loans and deposits.
| For the quarter ended | % change from | Year ended | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHF million | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | 3Q10 | 4Q09 | 31.12.10 | 31.12.09 |
| Net trading income1 | |||||||
| Investment Bank equities | 335 | 186 | 257 | 80 | 30 | 2,356 | 2,462 |
| Investment Bank fixed income, currencies and commodities | (163) | (206) | (310) | 21 | 47 | 1,981 | (5,455) |
| Other business divisions | 593 | 889 | (9) | (33) | 3,115 | 2,668 | |
| Net trading income | 766 | 868 | (62) | (12) | 7,452 | (324) | |
| of which: net gains/(losses) from financial liabilities designated at fair value2 |
(1,669) | (4,665) | (1,379) | 64 | (21) | (1,001) | (6,741) |
1 Refer to the table "Net interest and trading income" on the previous page for the Net income from trading businesses (for an explanation, refer to the corresponding introductory comment). 2 Financial liabilities designated at fair value are to a large extent economically hedged with derivatives and other instruments whose change in fair value is also reported in Net trading income. For more information on own credit refer to "Note 11b Fair value of financial instruments".
Net trading income in the fourth quarter included a gain of CHF 0.2 billion from credit valuation adjustments for monoline credit protection (CHF 0.3 billion gain in the third quarter and CHF 0.2 billion gain in fourth quarter 2009).
➔ Refer to the "Risk management and control" section of this report for more information on exposure to monolines
Fourth quarter 2010 net trading income also included a gain of CHF 0.2 billion from the valuation of UBS's option to acquire the SNB StabFund's equity (CHF 0.3 billion gain in third quarter 2010 and CHF 0.1 billion gain in fourth quarter 2009).
| For the quarter ended | % change from | Year ended | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHF million | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | 3Q10 | 4Q09 | 31.12.10 | 31.12.09 | |
| Equity underwriting fees | 477 | 171 | 437 | 179 | 9 | 1,157 | 1,590 | |
| Debt underwriting fees | 164 | 227 | 163 | (28) | 1 | 755 | 796 | |
| Total underwriting fees | 642 | 398 | 600 | 61 | 7 | 1,912 | 2,386 | |
| M&A and corporate finance fees | 265 | 226 | 241 | 17 | 10 | 857 | 881 | |
| Brokerage fees | 1,187 | 1,078 | 1,179 | 10 | 1 | 4,930 | 5,400 | |
| Investment fund fees | 957 | 917 | 1,013 | 4 | (6) | 3,898 | 4,000 | |
| Portfolio management and advisory fees | 1,486 | 1,416 | 1,459 | 5 | 2 | 5,959 | 5,863 | |
| Insurance-related and other fees | 88 | 89 | 73 | (1) | 21 | 361 | 264 | |
| Total securities trading and investment activity fees | 4,626 | 4,124 | 4,564 | 12 | 1 | 17,918 | 18,794 | |
| Credit-related fees and commissions | 115 | 107 | 102 | 7 | 13 | 448 | 339 | |
| Commission income from other services | 213 | 209 | 228 | 2 | (7) | 850 | 878 | |
| Total fee and commission income | 4,953 | 4,440 | 4,894 | 12 | 1 | 19,216 | 20,010 | |
| Brokerage fees paid | 266 | 245 | 193 | 9 | 38 | 1,093 | 1,231 | |
| Other | 243 | 217 | 263 | 12 | (8) | 964 | 1,068 | |
| Total fee and commission expense | 509 | 462 | 456 | 10 | 12 | 2,057 | 2,299 | |
| Net fee and commission income | 4,444 | 3,978 | 4,438 | 12 | 0 | 17,160 | 17,712 | |
| of which: net brokerage fees | 921 | 833 | 986 | 11 | (7) | 3,837 | 4,169 |
| For the quarter ended | % change from | Year ended | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHF million | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | 3Q10 | 4Q09 | 31.12.10 | 31.12.09 | |
| Associates and subsidiaries | ||||||||
| Net gains from disposals of consolidated subsidiaries1 | (3) | 14 | 60 | (7) | 96 | |||
| Net gains from disposals of investments in associates | 78 | 0 | 0 | 256 | (1) | |||
| Share of net profits of associates | 12 | 19 | 7 | (37) | 71 | 81 | 37 | |
| Total | 87 | 33 | 67 | 164 | 30 | 331 | 133 | |
| Financial investments available-for-sale | ||||||||
| Net gains from disposals | 56 | 62 | 48 | (10) | 17 | 204 | 110 | |
| Impairment charges | (8) | (15) | (129) | 47 | 94 | (72) | (349) | |
| Total | 48 | 47 | (81) | 2 | 132 | (239) | ||
| Net income from properties2 | 12 | 13 | 14 | (8) | (14) | 53 | 72 | |
| Net gains from investment properties3 | 3 | 9 | (7) | (67) | 8 | (39) | ||
| Other4 | 223 | 79 | 58 | 182 | 284 | 690 | 672 | |
| Total other income | 373 | 180 | 52 | 107 | 617 | 1,214 | 599 |
1 Includes foreign exchange amounts reclassified from equity upon disposal or deconsolidation of subsidiaries. 2 Includes net rent received from third parties and net operating expenses. 3 Includes unrealized and realized gains from investment properties at fair value and foreclosed assets. 4 Includes net gains from disposals of loans and receivables and own-used property.
| For the quarter ended | % change from | Year ended | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHF million | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | 3Q10 | 4Q09 | 31.12.10 | 31.12.09 | |
| Salaries and variable compensation1, 2, 3 | 2,576 | 2,700 | 2,061 | (5) | 25 | 11,499 | 11,022 | |
| Contractors | 68 | 59 | 56 | 15 | 21 | 232 | 275 | |
| Social security4 | 204 | 185 | 158 | 10 | 29 | 826 | 804 | |
| Pension and other post-employment benefit plans4 | 182 | 175 | 236 | 4 | (23) | 724 | 988 | |
| Wealth Management Americas: Financial advisor compensation3 | 658 | 646 | 573 | 2 | 15 | 2,667 | 2,426 | |
| Other personnel expenses1 | 163 | 211 | 239 | (23) | (32) | 1,047 | 1,027 | |
| Total personnel expenses | 3,851 | 3,977 | 3,323 | (3) | 16 | 16,994 | 16,543 |
1 In fourth quarter 2010, UBS adjusted the amounts presented in previous periods on the lines "Other personnel expenses" and "Salaries and variable compensation" to align the presentation with the new definition of variable compensation by FINMA. Amounts previously disclosed under "Other personnel expenses" have been decreased by CHF 34 million for the quarter ended 30 September 2010, CHF 6 million for the quarter ended 31 December 2009, and CHF 648 million for year ended 31 December 2009 with a corresponding increase in "Salaries and variable compensation". 2 Salaries and variable compensation include severance costs of CHF 29 million for the quarter ended 31 December 2010, CHF 18 million for the quarter ended 30 September 2010, negative CHF 19 million for the quarter ended 31 December 2009, CHF 69 million for the year ended 31 December 2010 and CHF 433 million for the year ended 31 December 2009. 3 Wealth Management Americas: Financial Advisor compensation is reported as a separate line for the first time in fourth quarter 2010. Previously, it was included under "Salaries and variable compensation". Prior periods have been adjusted accordingly. It consists of grid-based compensation based directly on compensable revenues generated by financial advisors, and supplemental compensation calculated based on financial advisor productivity, firm tenure and other variables. It includes also costs related to compensation commitments and advances granted to financial advisors at the time of recruitment which are subject to vesting requirements. 4 Commencing in fourth quarter 2010, UBS presents the pension costs related to cash bonus in "Pension and other post-employment benefit plans". Previously those amounts were reported under "Social security". Prior periods amounts have been adjusted accordingly as follows: by CHF 19 million for the quarter ended 30 September 2010, negative CHF 1 million for the quarter ended 31 December 2009, and CHF 47 million for year ended 31 December 2009.
| For the quarter ended | % change from | Year ended | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHF million | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | 3Q10 | 4Q09 | 31.12.10 | 31.12.09 |
| Occupancy | 290 | 306 | 328 | (5) | (12) | 1,252 | 1,420 |
| Rent and maintenance of IT and other equipment | 147 | 142 | 158 | 4 | (7) | 555 | 623 |
| Telecommunications and postage | 154 | 161 | 165 | (4) | (7) | 664 | 697 |
| Administration | 200 | 157 | 155 | 27 | 29 | 669 | 695 |
| Marketing and public relations | 122 | 91 | 51 | 34 | 139 | 339 | 225 |
| Travel and entertainment | 134 | 113 | 113 | 19 | 19 | 466 | 412 |
| Professional fees | 232 | 186 | 217 | 25 | 7 | 754 | 830 |
| Outsourcing of IT and other services | 334 | 268 | 203 | 25 | 65 | 1,078 | 836 |
| Other | 240 | 211 | 156 | 14 | 54 | 767 | 512 |
| Total general and administrative expenses | 1,854 | 1,634 | 1,547 | 13 | 20 | 6,545 | 6,248 |
| As of or for the quarter ended | % change from | Year ended | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | 3Q10 | 4Q09 | 31.12.10 | 31.12.09 | ||
| Basic earnings (CHF million) | ||||||||
| Net profit attributable to UBS shareholders | 1,290 | 1,664 | 1,205 | (22) | 7 | 7,161 | (2,736) | |
| from continuing operations | 1,290 | 1,664 | 1,231 | (22) | 5 | 7,160 | (2,719) | |
| from discontinued operations | 0 | 0 | (26) | 100 | 1 | (17) | ||
| Diluted earnings (CHF million) | ||||||||
| Net profit attributable to UBS shareholders | 1,290 | 1,664 | 1,205 | (22) | 7 | 7,161 | (2,736) | |
| Less: (profit)/loss on equity derivative contracts | (3) | 0 | (11) | 73 | (2) | (5) | ||
| Net profit attributable to UBS shareholders for diluted EPS | 1,287 | 1,664 | 1,194 | (23) | 8 | 7,159 | (2,741) | |
| from continuing operations | 1,287 | 1,664 | 1,220 | (23) | 5 | 7,158 | (2,724) | |
| from discontinued operations | 0 | 0 | (26) | 100 | 1 | (17) | ||
| Weighted average shares outstanding | ||||||||
| Weighted average shares outstanding for basic EPS | 3,794,872,701 | 3,794,209,156 | 3,793,194,134 | 0 | 0 | 3,789,732,938 | 3,661,086,266 | |
| Potentially dilutive ordinary shares resulting from unvested exchangeable shares, in-the-money options and warrants outstanding1 |
54,846,975 | 52,610,040 | 27,422,092 | 4 | 100 | 48,599,111 | 754,948 | |
| Weighted average shares outstanding for diluted EPS | 3,849,719,676 | 3,846,819,196 | 3,820,616,226 | 0 | 1 | 3,838,332,049 | 3,661,841,214 | |
| Potential ordinary shares from unexercised employee shares and in-the-money options not considered due to the anti-dilutive effect |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20,166,373 | |||
| Earnings per share (CHF) | ||||||||
| Basic | 0.34 | 0.44 | 0.32 | (23) | 6 | 1.89 | (0.75) | |
| from continuing operations | 0.34 | 0.44 | 0.32 | (23) | 6 | 1.89 | (0.74) | |
| from discontinued operations | 0.00 | 0.00 | (0.01) | 100 | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||
| Diluted | 0.33 | 0.43 | 0.31 | (23) | 6 | 1.87 | (0.75) | |
| from continuing operations | 0.33 | 0.43 | 0.32 | (23) | 3 | 1.86 | (0.74) | |
| from discontinued operations | 0.00 | 0.00 | (0.01) | 100 | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||
| Shares outstanding | ||||||||
| Ordinary shares issued | 3,830,840,513 | 3,830,809,437 | 3,558,112,753 | 0 | 8 | |||
| Treasury shares | 38,892,031 | 34,659,968 | 37,553,872 | 12 | 4 | |||
| Shares outstanding | 3,791,948,482 | 3,796,149,469 | 3,520,558,881 | (0) | 8 | |||
| Mandatory convertible notes and exchangeable shares2 | 580,261 | 580,261 | 273,264,461 | 0 | (100) | |||
| Shares outstanding for EPS | 3,792,528,743 | 3,796,729,730 | 3,793,823,342 | (0) | (0) | |||
1 Total equivalent shares outstanding on out-of-the-money options that were not dilutive for the respective periods but could potentially dilute earnings per share in the future were 241,743,891; 263,713,645 and 283,903,816 for the quarters ended 31 December 2010, 30 September 2010 and 31 December 2009, respectively, and 241,320,185 and 288,915,585 for the years ended 31 December 2010 and 31 December 2009, respectively. An additional 100 million ordinary shares ("contingent share issue") related to the SNB transaction were not dilutive for all periods, but could potentially dilute earnings per share in the future. 2 31 December 2009 number includes 272,651,005 shares for the mandatory convertible notes issued in March 2008. All other numbers are related to exchangeable shares.
UBS recognized a net income tax benefit in its income statement of CHF 149 million in the fourth quarter.
This reflects the benefit of a further write-up of deferred tax assets of CHF 391 million for US and Swiss tax losses incurred in previous years, following the write-up that was made in the third quarter for interim reporting purposes, based on the updated profit forecast assumptions over a five-year time horizon used for recognition purposes. This benefit was partially offset by tax expenses of CHF 242 million in respect of taxable profits of Group entities.
In the fourth quarter, the Parent Bank adopted for its statutory financial statements a change in the Swiss Accounting standards that permits to designate issued structured products to be accounted for at fair value through profit or loss (excluding own credit changes). The adoption of this accounting change by the Parent Bank resulted in an increase in the deferred tax assets related to Swiss tax loss carryforwards of approximately CHF 80 million in the Group financial statements, which is included in the CHF 391 million write-up of deferred tax assets.
| CHF million | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Trading portfolio assets | |||
| Debt instruments | |||
| Government and government agencies1 | 83,952 | 105,644 | 85,483 |
| Banks1 | 14,711 | 13,474 | 10,850 |
| Corporates and other | 35,647 | 38,226 | 39,902 |
| Total debt instruments | 134,310 | 157,344 | 136,234 |
| Equity instruments | 57,506 | 52,959 | 57,541 |
| Financial assets for unit-linked investment contracts | 18,056 | 18,927 | 21,619 |
| Financial assets held for trading | 209,873 | 229,231 | 215,394 |
| Precious metals and other commodities | 18,942 | 17,081 | 16,864 |
| Total trading portfolio assets | 228,815 | 246,312 | 232,258 |
| Trading portfolio liabilities | |||
| Debt instruments | |||
| Government and government agencies1 | 29,628 | 34,505 | 26,317 |
| Banks1 | 3,107 | 2,678 | 3,462 |
| Corporates and other | 4,640 | 4,648 | 5,447 |
| Total debt instruments | 37,376 | 41,831 | 35,226 |
| Equity instruments | 17,599 | 16,182 | 12,243 |
| Total trading portfolio liabilities | 54,975 | 58,013 | 47,469 |
1 From fourth quarter 2010 onwards, bills issued by the Swiss National Bank are reported under "Government and government agencies". In previous reports, these bills were presented under "Banks". Prior periods have been adjusted accordingly.
All financial instruments at fair value are categorized into one of three fair value hierarchy levels at quarter-end, based upon the lowest level input that is significant to the product's fair value measurement in its entirety:
| 31.12.102 | 30.9.10 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHF billion | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total |
| Financial assets held for trading3 | 77.8 | 60.8 | 10.0 | 148.5 | 87.3 | 72.3 | 9.4 | 169.0 |
| Financial assets held for trading pledged as collateral | 38.3 | 22.2 | 0.8 | 61.4 | 34.3 | 24.7 | 1.3 | 60.3 |
| Positive replacement values | 3.6 | 385.1 | 12.4 | 401.1 | 4.0 | 497.0 | 16.4 | 517.4 |
| Financial assets designated at fair value | 0.8 | 7.3 | 0.5 | 8.5 | 0.8 | 7.6 | 0.5 | 8.9 |
| Financial investments available-for-sale | 60.4 | 13.5 | 0.9 | 74.8 | 64.2 | 9.5 | 1.1 | 74.8 |
| Total assets | 180.9 | 488.9 | 24.5 | 694.3 | 190.5 | 611.0 | 28.7 | 830.3 |
| Trading portfolio liabilities | 42.9 | 11.8 | 0.3 | 55.0 | 45.0 | 12.7 | 0.3 | 58.0 |
| Negative replacement values | 3.5 | 379.9 | 10.4 | 393.8 | 3.9 | 481.9 | 13.8 | 499.6 |
| Financial liabilities designated at fair value | 0.0 | 86.7 | 14.0 | 100.8 | 0.0 | 92.6 | 14.2 | 106.9 |
| Other liabilities – amounts due under unit-linked investment contracts4 |
18.1 | 18.1 | 18.9 | 18.9 | ||||
| Total liabilities | 46.4 | 496.5 | 24.7 | 567.6 | 48.8 | 606.2 | 28.3 | 683.4 |
1 Bifurcated embedded derivatives, which are presented on the same balance sheet lines as host contracts, are excluded from this table. 2 From fourth quarter 2010 onwards UBS considers input data observable when there is an equally offsetting transaction. As a consequence positive and negative replacement values of total CHF 2.3 billion were transferred out of level 3. 3 Financial assets held for trading do not include precious metal and commodities. 4 From fourth quarter 2010 onwards, the amounts due under unit-linked investment contracts are presented under Other liabilities in this table; the comparative period has been adjusted.
The Group's own credit changes are reflected in valuations for those financial liabilities designated at fair value, where the Group's own credit risk would be considered by market participants. Own credit effects are not reflected in the valuations of fully collateralized transactions and other instruments which established market practice does not include.
Own credit changes are calculated based on a funds transfer price (FTP) curve which provides a single level of discounting for uncollateralized funded instruments within UBS. The FTP curve is used by UBS to value uncollateralized and partially collateralized funding transactions designated at fair value, and for relevant tenors is set by reference to the level at which newly issued UBS medium term notes (MTNs) are priced. The FTP curve spread is considered to be representative of the credit risk which reflects the premium that market participants require to purchase UBS MTNs. The FTP curve was implemented in the fourth quarter and has replaced the asset and liability management revaluation curve. The impact on the income statement at implementation was not material.
The own credit results for "Financial liabilities designated at fair value" (predominantly issued structured products) were as follows:
| As of or for the quarter ended | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHF million | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | ||
| Total gain /(loss) for the quarter ended | (509) | (387) | (24) | ||
| of which: credit spread related only | (386) | (649) | (544) | ||
| Total gain /(loss) year-to-date | (548) | (39) | (2,023) | ||
| Life-to-date gain | 237 | 753 | 890 |
Amounts for the quarter represent the change in own credit of financial instruments designated at fair value during the quarter, whereas year-to-date amounts represent the change during the year and life-to-date amounts reflect the cumulative change since initial recognition. The change in own credit for the period can be analyzed in two components: (1) changes in fair value that are attributable to the change in UBS's credit spreads during the period, and (2) the effect of "volume changes", which is the change in fair values attributable to factors other than credit spreads, such as redemptions, effects from time decay, changes in interest rates and changes in the value of referenced instruments issued by third parties. The disclosed own credit amounts are also impacted by foreign currency movements.
This section includes a description of the valuation of certain significant product categories and related valuation techniques and models. In addition, sensitivity information for certain significant instrument categories that are excluded from management Valueat-Risk as disclosed in the "Risk and treasury management" section of this report is provided.
UBS previously entered into negative basis trades with monolines, whereby they provided credit default swap protection against UBS-held underlyings, including residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities collateralized debt obligations (RMBS and CMBS CDO), transactions with collateralized loan obligations (CLO), and asset-backed securities collateralized debt obligations (ABS CDO). Since the start of the financial crisis, the credit valuation adjustments (CVA) relating to these monoline exposures have been a source of valuation uncertainty, given market illiquidity and the contractual terms of these exposures relative to other monoline-related instruments.
CVA amounts related to monoline credit protection are based on a methodology that uses credit default swap (CDS) spreads on the monolines as a key input in determining an implied level of expected loss. Where a monoline has no observable CDS spread, a judgment is made on the most comparable monoline or combination of monolines and the corresponding spreads are used instead. For RMBS CDO, CMBS CDO, and CLO asset categories, cash flow projections are used in conjunction with current fair values of the underlying assets to provide estimates of expected future exposure levels. For other asset categories, future exposure is derived from current exposure levels.
To assess the sensitivity of the monoline CVA calculation to alternative assumptions, the impact of a 10% increase in monoline credit default swap spreads (e.g. from 1,000 basis points to 1,100 basis points for a specific monoline) was considered. On 31 December 2010, such an increase would have resulted in an increase in the monoline credit valuation adjustment of USD 45 million (CHF 42 million; 30 September 2010: USD 52 million or CHF 51 million).
The sensitivity of the monoline credit valuation adjustment to a decrease of one percentage point in the monoline recovery rate assumptions (e.g. from 35% to 34% for a specific monoline, conditional on default occurring) is estimated to result in an increase of approximately USD 9 million (CHF 8 million; 30 September 2010: USD 10 million or CHF 10 million) in the CVA. The sensitivity to credit spreads and recovery rates is linear.
The US reference-linked notes (US RLN) consist of a series of transactions whereby UBS purchased credit protection, predominantly in note form, on a notional portfolio of fixed income assets. The referenced assets are comprised of USD asset-backed securities (ABS) (primarily commercial mortgage-backed securities and subprime residential mortgage-backed securities) and/or corporate bonds and loans across all rating categories. While the assets in the portfolio are marked-to-market, the credit protection embodied in the RLNs is fair valued using a market standard approach to the valuation of portfolio credit protection (Gaussian copula). This approach effectively is intended to simulate correlated defaults within the portfolio, where the expected losses and defaults of the individual assets are closely linked to the observed market prices (spread levels) of those assets. Key assumptions of the model include correlations and recovery rates. UBS applies fair value adjustments related to potential uncertainty in each of these parameters, which are only partly observable. In addition, UBS applies fair value adjustments for uncertainties associated with the use of observed spread levels as the primary inputs. These fair value adjustments are calculated by applying shocks to the relevant parameters and revaluing the credit protection. These shocks for correlation, recovery and spreads are set to various levels depending on the asset type and/or region and may vary over time depending on the best judgment of the relevant trading and control personnel. Correlation and recovery shocks are generally in the reasonably possible range of 5 to 15 percentage points. Spread shocks vary more widely and depend on whether the underlying protection is funded or unfunded to reflect cash or synthetic basis effects.
On 31 December 2010, the fair value of the US RLN credit protection was approximately USD 629 million (CHF 588 million; 30 September 2010: USD 817 million or CHF 801 million). This fair value includes fair value adjustments which were calculated by applying the shocks described above of approximately USD 31 million (CHF 29 million; 30 September 2010: USD 37 million or CHF 36 million). The fair value adjustments may also be considered a measurement of sensitivity.
The same valuation model and the same approach to calculation of fair value adjustments are applied to the non-US reference-
linked note (non-US RLN) credit protection as to the US RLN credit protection described above, except that the spread is shocked by 10% for European corporate names.
On 31 December 2010, the fair value of the non-US RLN credit protection was approximately USD 660 million (CHF 616 million; 30 September 2010: USD 688 million or CHF 674 million). This fair value includes fair value adjustments which were calculated by applying the shocks described above of approximately USD 72 million (CHF 67 million; 30 September 2010: USD 88 million or CHF 87 million). This adjustment may also be considered a measurement of sensitivity.
UBS's option to purchase the SNB StabFund's equity is recognized on the balance sheet as a derivative at fair value (Positive replacement values) with changes to fair value recognized in profit and loss. On 31 December 2010, the fair value (after adjustments) of the call option held by UBS was approximately USD 1,906 million (CHF 1,781 million; 30 September 2010: USD 1,750 million or CHF 1,719 million).
The valuation incorporates cash flow projections for all assets within the fund across various scenarios and is calibrated to market levels by setting the spread above one-month Libor rates used to discount future cash flows such that the model-generated price of the underlying asset pool equals UBS's assessed fair value of the asset pool. The model incorporates a model reserve (fair value adjustment) to address potential uncertainty in this calibration. On 31 December 2010, this adjustment was USD 250 million (CHF 234 million; 30 September 2010: USD 235 million or CHF 231 million).
On 31 December 2010, a 100 basis point increase in the discount rate would have decreased the option value by approximately USD 167 million (CHF 156 million) and a 100 basis point decrease would have increased the option value by approximately USD 188 million (CHF 176 million).
The table reflects financial instruments for which fair value is determined using valuation models where not all inputs are market-observable. Such financial instruments are initially recognized at their transaction price although the values obtained from the relevant valuation model on day-1 may differ. The table shows the aggregate difference yet to be recognized in profit or loss at the beginning and end of the period and a reconciliation of changes in the balance of this difference (movement of deferred day-1 profit or loss).
| Quarter ended | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHF million | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | ||
| Balance at the beginning of the period | 543 | 578 | 585 | ||
| Deferred profit/(loss) on new transactions | 101 | 82 | 109 | ||
| Recognized (profit)/loss in the income statement | (51) | (71) | (93) | ||
| Foreign currency translation | (28) | (46) | (2) | ||
| Balance at the end of the period | 565 | 543 | 599 |
In 2008 and first quarter 2009, financial assets with fair values on their reclassification dates of CHF 26 billion and CHF 0.6 billion, respectively, were reclassified from "Trading portfolio assets" to
"Loans". The table below shows the carrying values and fair values of these financial assets.
| CHF billion | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Carrying value | 11.9 | 13.3 | 19.9 |
| Fair value | 12.1 | 13.1 | 19.0 |
| Pro-forma fair value gain /(loss) | 0.2 | (0.2) | (0.9) |
In fourth quarter 2010, carrying values and pro-forma fair values decreased by CHF 1.4 billion and CHF 1 billion respectively. The vast majority of the decreases relates to sales and the appreciation of the Swiss franc against the US dollar.
The table below provides notional values, fair values, and carrying values by product category, as well as the ratio of carrying value to notional value.
| 31.12.10 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHF billion | Notional value | Fair value | Carrying value | Ratio of carrying to notional value |
||||
| US student loan and municipal auction rate securities | 5.1 | 4.4 | 4.5 | 88% | ||||
| Monoline protected assets | 6.1 | 5.4 | 5.3 | 86% | ||||
| Leveraged finance | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 75% | ||||
| CMBS /CRE (excluding interest-only strips) | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 81% | ||||
| US reference-linked notes | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 83% | ||||
| Other assets | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 82% | ||||
| Total (excluding CMBS interest-only strips) | 13.5 | 11.7 | 11.6 | 86% | ||||
| CMBS interest-only strips | 0.4 | 0.3 | ||||||
| Total reclassified assets | 13.5 | 12.1 | 11.9 |
Reclassified financial assets impacted UBS's income statement as presented in the table below.
| For the quarter ended | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHF billion | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.10 | |
| Net interest income | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.5 | |
| Credit loss (expense)/recovery | (0.1) | 0.0 | (0.1) | |
| Other income1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | |
| Impact on operating profit before tax | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.5 | |
1 Includes net gains on the disposal of reclassified assets.
| CHF million | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Operational risks1 | 56 | 65 | 82 |
| Litigation2 | 578 | 448 | 1,028 |
| Restructuring | 281 | 348 | 488 |
| Other3 | 619 | 614 | 713 |
| Total | 1,534 | 1,476 | 2,311 |
1 Includes provisions for litigation resulting from security risks and transaction processing risks. 2 Includes litigation resulting from legal, liability and compliance risks. Additionally, includes a provision established in connection with demands for the repurchase of US mortgage loans sold or securitized by UBS, as described in "Note 15 Other contingent liabilities". 3 Includes reinstatement costs for leasehold improvements, provisions for onerous lease contracts, provisions for employee benefits (service anniversaries and sabbatical leaves) and other items.
The UBS Group operates in a legal and regulatory environment that exposes it to significant litigation risks. As a result, UBS (which for purposes of this Note may refer to UBS AG and/or one or more of its subsidiaries, as applicable) is involved in various disputes and legal proceedings, including litigation, arbitration, and regulatory and criminal investigations. Such cases are subject to many uncertainties, and their outcome is often difficult to predict, including the impact on operations or on the financial statements, particularly in the earlier stages of a case. In certain circumstances, to avoid the expense and distraction of legal proceedings, UBS may, based on a cost-benefit analysis, enter into a settlement even though UBS denies any wrongdoing. The Group makes provisions for cases brought against it when, in the opinion of management after seeking legal advice, it is probable that a liability exists, and the amount can be reasonably estimated.
Certain potentially significant legal proceedings or threatened proceedings as of 31 December 2010 are described below.
In November 2006, UBS and others received subpoenas from the Antitrust Division of the US Department of Justice (DOJ) and the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) seeking information relating to the investment of proceeds of municipal bond issuances and associated derivative transactions. In addition, various state Attorneys General have issued subpoenas seeking similar information. The investigations are ongoing, and UBS is cooperating. Several putative class actions also have been filed in Federal District Courts against UBS AG and numerous other firms. In the SEC investigation, on 4 February 2008, UBS received a "Wells notice" advising that the SEC staff is considering recommending that the SEC bring a civil action against UBS in connection with the bidding of various financial instruments associated with municipal securities. In December 2010, three former UBS employees were indicted in connection with the Federal criminal antitrust investigation. Discussions with the SEC, DOJ and a number of state Attorneys General are ongoing.
UBS was the subject of an SEC investigation and state regulatory actions relating to the marketing and sale of auction rate securities (ARS) to clients, and to UBS's role and participation in ARS auctions and underwriting of ARS. UBS was also named in several putative class actions and individual civil suits and arbitrations. The regulatory actions and investigations and the civil proceedings followed the disruption in the markets for these securities and related auction failures since mid-February 2008. At the end of 2008 UBS entered into settlements with the SEC, the New York Attorney General (NYAG) and the Massachusetts Securities Division whereby UBS agreed to offer to buy back ARS from eligible customers within certain time periods, the last of which began on 30 June 2010, and to pay penalties of USD 150 million (USD 75 million to the NYAG, USD 75 million to the other states). UBS's settlement is largely in line with similar industry regulatory settlements. UBS has settled with the majority of states and is continuing to finalize settlements with the rest. The SEC continues to investigate individuals affiliated with UBS regarding the trading in ARS and disclosures. During the third quarter of 2010, a claimant alleging consequential damages from the illiquidity of ARS was awarded approximately USD 80 million by an arbitration panel and UBS has booked a provision of CHF 78 million relating to the case. UBS moved in state court to vacate the award and oral argument was heard on that motion in December 2010.
Following the disclosure and the settlement of the US cross-border matter tax and regulatory authorities in a number of countries have made inquiries and served requests for information located in their respective jurisdictions relating to the cross-border wealth management services provided by UBS and other financial institutions. UBS is cooperating with these requests within the limits of financial privacy obligations under Swiss and other applicable laws.
UBS is responding to a number of governmental inquiries and investigations and is involved in a number of litigations, arbitrations and disputes related to the credit crisis and in particular mortgage-related securities and other structured transactions and derivatives. These matters concern, among other things, UBS's valuations, accounting classifications, disclosures, writedowns, contractual obligations and interactions with rating agencies, as well as its role as underwriter in securities offerings for other issuers. In particular, UBS has communicated with and has responded to inquiries by various governmental and regulatory authorities, including the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA), the UK Financial Services Authority (FSA), the SEC, the US Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA), the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission (FCIC), the New York Attorney General, and the US Department of Justice, regarding some of these issues and others, including: the role of internal control units; the risk control, valuation, structuring and marketing of mortgage-related instruments; and compliance with public disclosure rules.
From March 2007 through September 2008, UBS sold approximately USD 1 billion face amount of structured notes issued by Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. ("Lehman"), a majority of which were referred to as "principal protection notes," reflecting the fact that while the notes' return was in some manner linked to market indices or other measures, some or all of the investor's principal was an unconditional obligation of Lehman as issuer of the note. UBS has been named along with other defendants in a putative class action alleging materially misleading statements and omissions in the prospectuses relating to these notes and asserting claims under US securities laws. UBS has also been named in numerous individual civil suits and customer arbitrations (some of which have resulted in settlements or adverse judgments), was named in a proceeding brought by the New Hampshire Bureau of Securities, and is responding to investigations by other state regulators and FINRA relating to the sale of these notes to UBS customers. The customer litigations and regulatory investigations relate to whether UBS adequately disclosed the risks of these notes to its customers.
From 2002 through about 2007, UBS was a substantial underwriter and issuer of US residential mortgage-backed securities (RMBS). UBS has been named as a defendant relating to its role as underwriter and issuer of RMBS in more than 20 lawsuits relating to at least USD 39 billion in original face amount of RMBS underwritten or issued by UBS. Most of the lawsuits are in their early stages. Many have not advanced beyond the motion to dismiss phase; some are in the early stages of discovery. In connection with certain of the lawsuits, UBS expects to be indemnified against any loss or liability by third-party issuers. UBS is also named as a defendant in litigation by insurers of RMBS seeking recovery of insurance paid to RMBS investors. These insurers allege that UBS and other RMBS underwriters aided and abetted misrepresentations and fraud by RMBS issuers, and claim equitable and contractual subrogation rights. UBS has also been contacted by certain government-sponsored enterprises requesting that UBS repurchase securities issued in UBS-sponsored RMBS offerings.
As described under "Note 15 Other contingent liabilities", UBS also has contractual obligations to repurchase US residential mortgage loans as to which its representations made at the time of transfer prove to have been materially inaccurate. Contested loan repurchase demands relating to loans with an initial principal balance of USD 30 million are the subject of litigation.
A putative consolidated class action has been filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York against UBS, a number of current and former directors and senior officers and certain banks that underwrote UBS's May 2008 Rights Offering (including UBS Securities LLC) alleging violation of the US securities laws in connection with the firm's disclosures relating to its positions and losses in mortgage-related securities, its positions and losses in auction rate securities, and its US cross-border business. Defendants have moved to dismiss the complaint for failure to state a claim. UBS, a number of senior officers and employees and various UBS committees have also been sued in a putative consolidated class action brought on behalf of current and former participants in two UBS Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) retirement plans in which there were purchases of UBS stock. Defendants have moved to dismiss the ERISA complaint for failure to state a claim.
In relation to the Bernard L. Madoff Investment Securities LLC (BMIS) investment fraud, UBS AG, UBS (Luxembourg) SA and certain other UBS subsidiaries have been subject to inquiries by a number of regulators, including FINMA and the Luxembourg Commission de Surveillance du Secteur Financier (CSSF). Those inquiries concerned two third-party funds established under Luxembourg law substantially all assets of which were with BMIS, as well as certain funds established under offshore jurisdictions with either direct or indirect exposure to BMIS. These funds now face severe losses, and the Luxembourg funds are in liquidation. The last reported net asset value of the two Luxembourg funds before revelation of the Madoff scheme was approximately USD 1.7 billion in the aggregate, although that figure likely includes ficti-
tious profit reported by BMIS. The documentation establishing both funds identifies UBS entities in various roles including custodian, administrator, manager, distributor and promoter, and indicates that UBS employees serve as board members. Between February and May 2009 UBS (Luxembourg) SA responded to criticisms made by the CSSF in relation to its responsibilities as custodian bank and demonstrated to the satisfaction of the CSSF that it has the infrastructure and internal organization in place in accordance with professional standards applicable to custodian banks in Luxembourg. In December 2009 and March 2010 the liquidators of the two Luxembourg funds filed claims on behalf of the funds against UBS entities, non-UBS entities and certain individuals including current and former UBS employees. The amounts claimed are approximately EUR 890 million and EUR 305 million respectively. In addition, a large number of alleged beneficiaries have filed claims against UBS entities (and non-UBS entities) for purported losses relating to the Madoff scheme. The majority of these cases are pending in Luxembourg, where appeals have been filed against the March 2010 decisions of the court in which the claims in a number of test cases were held to be inadmissible. In the US, the BMIS Trustee has filed claims against UBS entities, amongst others, in relation to the two Luxembourg funds and one of the offshore funds. A claim was filed in November 2010 against 23 defendants including UBS entities, the Luxembourg and offshore funds concerned and various individuals, including current and former UBS employees. The total amount claimed against all defendants is no less than USD 2 billion. A second claim was filed in December 2010 against 16 defendants including UBS entities and the Luxembourg fund concerned. The total amount claimed against all defendants is not less than USD 555 million. In Germany, certain clients of UBS are exposed to Madoff-managed positions through third-party funds and funds administered by UBS entities in Germany. To date one claim has been filed.
In January 2009, the City of Milan filed civil proceedings against UBS Limited, UBS Italia SIM Spa and three other international banks in relation to a 2005 bond issue and associated derivatives transactions entered into with the City of Milan between 2005 and 2007. The claim is to recover alleged damages in an amount which will compensate for terms of the related derivatives which the City claims to be objectionable. In the alternative, the City seeks to recover alleged hidden profits asserted to have been made by the banks in an amount of approximately EUR 88 million (of which UBS Limited is alleged to have received approximately EUR 16 million) together with further damages of not less than EUR 150 million. The claims are made against all of the banks on a joint and several basis. In addition, two current UBS employees and one former employee, together with employees from other banks, a former City officer and a former adviser to the City, are facing a criminal trial for alleged "aggravated fraud" in relation to the City's 2005 bond issue and the execution, and subsequent restructuring, of certain related derivative transactions. The primary allegation is that UBS Limited and the other international banks fraudulently obtained hidden and/or illegal profits by entering into the derivative contracts with the City of Milan. The banks also face an administrative charge of failing to have in place a business organizational model to avoid the alleged misconduct by employees, and the City has separately asserted claims for damages against UBS Limited and UBS individuals in relation to this alleged failure. A number of transactions with other public entity counterparties in Italy have also been called into question or become the subject of legal proceedings and claims for damages and other awards. These include derivative transactions with the Regions of Calabria, Tuscany, Lombardy and Lazio and the City of Florence. UBS has itself issued proceedings before English Courts in connection with a number of derivative transactions with Italian public entities, including some of those mentioned above, aimed at obtaining declaratory judgments as to the legitimacy of UBS's behavior.
HSH has filed an action against UBS in New York State court relating to USD 500 million of notes acquired by HSH in a synthetic collateralized debt obligation (CDO) transaction known as North Street Referenced Linked Notes, 2002-4 Limited (NS4). The notes were linked through a credit default swap between the NS4 issuer and UBS to a reference pool of corporate bonds and assetbacked securities. HSH alleges that UBS knowingly misrepresented the risk in the transaction, sold HSH notes with "embedded losses", and improperly profited at HSH's expense by mis-using its right to substitute assets in the reference pool within specified parameters. HSH is seeking USD 500 million in compensatory damages plus pre-judgment interest. The case was initially filed in 2008. Following orders issued in 2008 and 2009, in which the court dismissed most of HSH's claims and its punitive damages demand and later partially denied a motion to dismiss certain repleaded claims, the claims remaining in the case are for fraud, breach of contract and breach of the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing. Both sides have appealed the court's most recent partial dismissal order, and a decision on the appeal is pending.
In 2006 and 2007, KWL entered into a series of managed Credit Default Swap transactions with bank swap counterparties, including UBS. Under the CDS contracts between KWL and UBS, the last of which were terminated by UBS on 18 October 2010, a net sum of approximately USD 138 million has fallen due from KWL but
not been paid. In January 2010, UBS issued proceedings in the English High Court against KWL seeking various declarations from the English court, in order to establish that the swap transaction between KWL and UBS is valid, binding and enforceable as against KWL. On 15 October 2010, the English court dismissed an application by KWL contesting its jurisdiction, and ruled that it has jurisdiction and will hear the proceedings. On 18 October 2010, UBS issued a further claim against KWL in the English court seeking declarations concerning the validity of UBS's early termination on that date of the remaining CDS with KWL. On 11 November 2010, the English Supreme Court ruled in a case concerning similar jurisdictional issues, but not involving UBS, that certain questions should be referred to the European Court of Justice. Thereafter, KWL was granted permission to appeal certain jurisdictional aspects of its claim, and the court ordered a temporary stay of the proceedings related to UBS's claim for a declaration as to validity. In March 2010, KWL issued proceedings in Leipzig, Germany against UBS and other banks involved in these contracts, claiming that the swap transactions are void and not binding on the basis of KWL's allegation that KWL did not have the capacity or the necessary internal authorization to enter into the transactions and that the banks knew this. UBS is contesting the claims and has also contested the jurisdiction of the Leipzig court. The Leipzig court indicated in August 2010 that it did not have jurisdiction over KWL's claim. Subsequently, KWL made a further submission in October 2010 making additional allegations including fraudulent collusion by UBS employees. It is anticipated that the Leipzig
court will make a final decision in respect of its jurisdiction following a hearing scheduled in February 2011.
The other two banks that entered into CDS transactions with KWL entered into back-to-back CDS transactions with UBS. In April 2010, UBS issued separate proceedings in the English High Court against those bank swap counterparties seeking declarations as to the parties' obligations under those transactions. The aggregate amount that UBS contends is outstanding under those transactions is approximately USD 189 million. These English proceedings are also currently stayed.
It is reported that in January 2011, the former managing director of KWL and two financial advisers were convicted on criminal charges related to certain KWL transactions, including swap transactions with UBS and other banks.
The SEC has been investigating UBS's secondary market trading and associated disclosures involving shares of closed-end funds managed by UBS Asset Managers of Puerto Rico, principally in 2008 and 2009. In November 2010, the SEC issued a "Wells notice" to two UBS subsidiaries, advising them that the SEC staff is considering whether to recommend that the SEC bring a civil action against them relating to these matters. We believe that the negative financial results, if any, to shareholders of the Funds who traded their shares through UBS during the relevant periods were less than USD 5 million in the aggregate.
For several years prior to the crisis in the US residential mortgage loan market, UBS sponsored securitizations of US residential mortgage-backed securities (RMBS) and was a purchaser and seller of US residential mortgages. A subsidiary of UBS, UBS Real Estate Securities Inc. ("UBS RESI"), acquired pools of residential mortgage loans from originators and (through an affiliate) deposited them into securitization trusts. In this manner, from 2004 through 2007 UBS RESI sponsored approximately USD 80 billion in RMBS, based on the original principal balances of the securities issued. The overall market for privately issued US RMBS during this period was approximately USD 3.9 trillion.
UBS RESI also sold pools of loans acquired from originators to third-party purchasers. These whole loan sales during the period 2004 through 2007 totaled approximately USD 19 billion in original principal balance.
UBS was not a significant originator of US residential loans. A subsidiary of UBS originated approximately USD 1.5 billion in US residential mortgage loans during the period in which it was active from 2006 to 2008, and securitized less than half of these loans.
When UBS acted as an RMBS sponsor or mortgage seller, it generally made certain representations relating to the characteristics of the underlying loans. In the event of a material breach of these representations, UBS was in most cases contractually obligated to repurchase the loans to which they related or to indemnify certain parties against losses. UBS has been notified by certain institutional purchasers and insurers of mortgage loans and RMBS that possible breaches of representations may entitle the purchasers to require that UBS repurchase the loans or to other relief. UBS has received relatively few repurchase demands and has repurchased only a small fraction of the underlying loans.
In the period from 2006 through 2009, UBS received demands to repurchase loans having an original principal balance of approximately USD 356 million in the aggregate. Of that principal balance of USD 356 million, UBS has repurchased or agreed to repurchase loans accounting for about 5%. Repurchase demands accounting for about 45% were rescinded after rebuttal by UBS. Demands
accounting for a further 41% either were rebutted by UBS but not rescinded (and are the subject of ongoing discussions) or were not pursued by the party making the demand. Repurchase demands accounting for about 9% are the subject of ongoing litigation.
In 2010, UBS received demands to repurchase additional loans having an original principal balance of approximately USD 350 million. Of that principal balance of USD 350 million, UBS has agreed to repurchase loans accounting for about 12%, repurchase demands accounting for about 67% have been rebutted by UBS but not rescinded, UBS continues to review repurchase demands accounting for about 15%, and demands accounting for about 6% are being resolved between the repurchase requestor and the originators of the loans. UBS expects that the majority of the underlying loans subject to these 2010 repurchase demands will ultimately not be required to be repurchased.
UBS established by the end of the fourth quarter 2010 a USD 97 million provision based on its best estimate of the loss arising from loan repurchase demands received from 2006 through 2010 to which UBS has agreed, or which UBS has rebutted but which are unresolved, and for certain anticipated loan repurchase demands of which UBS has been informed. It is not yet clear when or to what extent this provision will be utilized in connection with actual repurchases or indemnity payments, because both the submission of anticipated demands and the timing of resolution of such demands are uncertain. We nevertheless expect that most of the repurchases and payments related to the demands received in 2010, excluding any that become the subject of litigation, will occur in 2011.
UBS has made indemnity payments in amounts equivalent to 62% of the original principal balance of already-liquidated loans that were the subject of 2010 demands to which UBS agreed. With respect to unliquidated loans that UBS agreed to repurchase in response to demands made in 2010, UBS does not yet have sufficient information to estimate the charge it will recognize upon repurchase. Losses upon repurchase will reflect the estimated value of the loans in question at the time of repurchase as well as, in some cases, partial repayment by the borrowers prior to repurchase. It is not possible to predict future indemnity rates or percentage losses upon repurchase for reasons including timing and market uncertainties as well as possible differences in the characteristics of loans that may be the subject of future demands compared to those that have been the subject of past demands.
In most instances in which UBS would be required to repurchase loans or indemnify against losses due to misrepresentations, UBS would be able to assert demands against third-party loan originators who provided representations when selling the related loans to UBS. However, many of these third parties are insolvent or no longer exist. UBS estimates that, of the total original principal balance of loans sold or securitized by UBS from 2004 through 2007, less than 50% was purchased from thirdparty originators that remain solvent. In respect of loans that UBS has agreed to repurchase pursuant to demands received in 2010, UBS has in turn asserted indemnity or repurchase demands against third parties for loans with an aggregate original principal balance of USD 29 million. Only a small number of UBS's demands have been resolved, and UBS has not recognized any asset in respect of the unresolved demands.
We cannot reliably estimate the level of future repurchase demands, and do not know whether UBS's past success rate in rebutting such demands will be a good predictor of future success. We also cannot reliably estimate the timing of any such demands.
As described in "Note 14 Litigation and regulatory matters", UBS is also subject to claims and threatened claims in connection with its role as underwriter and issuer of RMBS, and certain loan repurchase demands are also the subject of litigation.
The table below shows the maximum irrevocable amount of guarantees, commitments and forward starting transactions.
| 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CHF million | Gross | Sub partici pations |
Net | Gross | Sub partici pations |
Net | Gross | Sub partici pations |
Net |
| Guarantees | |||||||||
| Credit guarantees and similar instruments | 8,612 | (401) | 8,212 | 9,355 | (352) | 9,003 | 11,180 | (222) | 10,958 |
| Performance guarantees and similar instruments | 3,362 | (506) | 2,856 | 3,380 | (554) | 2,827 | 3,484 | (582) | 2,902 |
| Documentary credits | 4,561 | (255) | 4,306 | 3,648 | (245) | 3,403 | 2,406 | (288) | 2,117 |
| Total guarantees | 16,535 | (1,162) | 15,374 | 16,384 | (1,151) | 15,233 | 17,070 | (1,092) | 15,977 |
| Commitments | |||||||||
| Loan commitments | 56,851 | (1,475) | 55,376 | 64,931 | (1,343) | 63,588 | 59,328 | (1,793) | 57,534 |
| Underwriting commitments | 404 | (196) | 208 | 2,097 | (449) | 1,648 | 2,251 | (556) | 1,695 |
| Total commitments | 57,255 | (1,671) | 55,584 | 67,028 | (1,792) | 65,236 | 61,579 | (2,349) | 59,229 |
| Forward starting transactions1 | |||||||||
| Reverse repurchase agreements | 39,036 | 52,509 | 43,020 | ||||||
| Securities borrowing agreements | 454 | 672 | 904 | ||||||
| Repurchase agreements | 22,468 | 21,973 | 18,044 | ||||||
| Securities lending agreements | 783 | 0 | 47 |
1 From fourth quarter 2010 onwards collateralized forward starting transactions (cash to be paid in the future by either UBS or the counterparty) are presented in this table; the comparative periods have been added.
The following table shows the main rates used to translate the financial information of UBS's foreign operations into Swiss francs:
| Spot rate | Average rate | Average rate | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| As of | For the quarter ended | Year ended | |||||||
| 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | 31.12.10 | 31.12.09 | ||
| 1 USD | 0.93 | 0.98 | 1.04 | 0.97 | 1.01 | 1.02 | 1.04 | 1.08 | |
| 1 EUR | 1.25 | 1.34 | 1.48 | 1.29 | 1.33 | 1.50 | 1.37 | 1.51 | |
| 1 GBP | 1.46 | 1.54 | 1.67 | 1.54 | 1.61 | 1.67 | 1.62 | 1.70 | |
| 100 JPY | 1.15 | 1.18 | 1.11 | 1.16 | 1.19 | 1.14 | 1.18 | 1.16 |
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| As of | % change from | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 31.12.10 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | 30.9.10 | 31.12.09 | ||
| Share price (CHF) | 15.35 | 16.68 | 16.05 | (8) | (4) | |
| Market capitalization (CHF million)1 | 58,803 | 63,898 | 57,108 | (8) | 3 |
1 Market capitalization is calculated based on the total UBS ordinary shares issued multiplied by the UBS share price at period end. The total UBS ordinary shares as of 31 December 2009 do not reflect the 272.7 million shares issued through the conversion of mandatory convertible notes issued in March 2008 and converted in March 2010. Refer to "Note 8 Earnings per share (EPS) and shares outstanding" in the "Financial information" section of this report for more information.
UBS ordinary shares are registered shares with a par value of CHF 0.10 per share. They are issued in the form of Global Registered Shares (GRS). A Global Registered Share is a security that provides direct and equal ownership for all shareholders. It can be traded and transferred across applicable borders without the need for conversion, with identical shares traded on different stock exchanges in different currencies. The shares are currently listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange.
| Trading exchange | Bloomberg | Reuters |
|---|---|---|
| SIX Swiss Exchange | UBSN VX | UBSN.VX |
| New York Stock Exchange | UBS UN | UBS.N |
| ISIN | CH0024899483 |
|---|---|
| Valoren | 2.489.948 |
| Cusip | CINS H89231 33 8 |
Annual publications: Annual report (SAP no. 80531; English and German). The report includes a letter to shareholders and a description of: UBS's strategy, performance and responsibility; the strategy and performance of the business divisions and the Corporate Center; risk and treasury management; corporate governance and compensation; and financial information, including the financial statements. Review (SAP no. 80530; English, German, French and Italian). This booklet contains key information on UBS's strategy and financials. Compensation report (SAP no. 2307; English and German). This report discusses compensation for senior management and the Board of Directors.
Quarterly publications: Letter to shareholders (English, German, French and Italian). This letter provides a quarterly summary from executive management on our strategy and performance. Financial report (SAP no. 80834; English). This report provides an update on our strategy and performance for the respective quarter.
How to order reports: The annual and quarterly publications are available in PDF format on the internet at www.ubs.com/ investors/topics in the "Financial information" section. Printed copies can be ordered from the same website by accessing the order/subscribe panel on the left-hand side of the screen. Alternatively, they can be ordered by quoting the SAP number and the language preference, where applicable, from UBS AG, Print & Publications, P.O. Box, CH-8098 Zurich, Switzerland.
The Investor Relations website: www.ubs.com/investors. This provides the following information on UBS: financial information (including results-related SEC filings); corporate information; UBS share price charts and data and dividend information; the UBS event calendar; and the latest presentations by management for investors and financial analysts. Available in English and German, with some sections also available in French and Italian.
Results presentations: UBS's quarterly results presentations are webcast live. A playback of the most recent presentation can be downloaded at www.ubs.com/presentations.
Messaging service/UBS news alert: On the www.ubs.com/ newsalert website, it is possible to subscribe to receive news alerts about UBS via text message (SMS) or e-mail. Messages are sent in English, German, French and Italian and it is possible to state preferences for the theme of the alerts received.
Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements | This report contains statements that constitute "forward-looking statements", including but not limited to management's outlook for UBS's financial performance and statements relating to the anticipated effect of transactions and strategic initiatives on UBS's business and future development. While these forward-looking statements represent UBS's judgments and expectations concerning the matters described, a number of risks, uncertainties and other important factors could cause actual developments and results to differ materially from UBS's expectations. These factors include, but are not limited to: (1) future developments in the markets in which UBS operates or to which it is exposed, including movements in securities markets, credit spreads, currency exchange rates and interest rates and the effect of economic conditions and market developments on the financial position or creditworthiness of UBS's clients and counterparties; (2) changes in the availability of capital and funding, including any changes in UBS's credit spreads and ratings; (3) the ability of UBS to retain earnings and reduce its risk-weighted assets in order to comply with recommended Swiss capital requirements without adversely affecting its business; (4) changes in financial regulation in Switzerland, the US, the UK and other major financial centers which may impose constraints on or necessitate changes in the scope and location of UBS's business activities and in its legal and booking structures, including the imposition of more stringent capital and liquidity requirements, incremental tax requirements and constraints on remuneration, some of which may affect UBS in a different manner or degree than they affect competing institutions; (5) the liability to which UBS may be exposed due to legal claims and regulatory investigations, including those stemming from market dislocation and losses incurred by clients and counterparties during the financial crisis; (6) the outcome and possible consequences of pending or future inquiries or actions concerning UBS's cross-border banking business by tax or regulatory authorities in various jurisdictions; (7) the degree to which UBS is successful in effecting organizational changes and implementing strategic plans, and whether those changes and plans will have the effects intended; (8) UBS's ability to retain and attract the employees necessary to generate revenues and to manage, support and control its businesses; (9) changes in accounting standards or policies, and accounting determinations affecting the recognition of gain or loss, the valuation of goodwill and other matters; (10) limitations on the effectiveness of UBS's internal processes for risk management, risk control, measurement and modeling, and of financial models generally; (11) changes in the size, capabilities and effectiveness of UBS's competitors, including whether UBS will be successful in keeping pace with competitors in updating its technology, particularly in trading businesses; and (12) the occurrence of operational failures, such as fraud, unauthorized trading and systems failures, either within UBS or within a counterparty. Our business and financial performance could be affected by other factors identified in our past and future filings and reports, including those filed with the SEC. More detailed information about those factors is set forth in documents furnished by UBS and filings made by UBS with the SEC, including UBS's Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended 31 December 2009. UBS is not under any obligation to (and expressly disclaims any obligation to) update or alter its forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.
Rounding | Numbers presented throughout this report may not add up precisely to the totals provided in the tables and text. Percentages and percent changes are calculated based on rounded figures displayed in the tables and text and may not precisely reflect the percentages and percent changes that would be derived based on figures that are not rounded.
UBS AG P.O. Box, CH-8098 Zurich P.O. Box, CH-4002 Basel
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