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Lotus Bakeries NV

Annual Report Apr 8, 2020

3972_10-k_2020-04-08_8c729baf-3d26-40ed-abc1-5ea4f1b58ce8.pdf

Annual Report

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LOTUS BAKERIES NV

Statutory auditor's report to the general shareholders' meeting on the consolidated accounts for the year ended 31 December 2019

7 April 2020

FREE TRANSLATION

STATUTORY AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE GENERAL SHAREHOLDERS' MEETING OF LOTUS BAKERIES NV ON THE CONSOLIDATED ACCOUNTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019

We present to you our statutory auditor's report in the context of our statutory audit of the consolidated accounts of Lotus Bakeries NV (the "Company") and its subsidiaries (jointly "the Group"). This report includes our report on the consolidated accounts, as well as the other legal and regulatory requirements. This forms part of an integrated whole and is indivisible.

We have been appointed as statutory auditor by the general meeting d.d. 10 May 2019, following the proposal formulated by the board of directors and following the recommendation by the audit committee. Our mandate will expire on the date of the general meeting which will deliberate on the annual accounts for the year ended 31 December 2021. We have performed the statutory audit of the Company's consolidated accounts for 13 consecutive years.

Report on the consolidated accounts

Unqualified opinion

We have performed the statutory audit of the Group's consolidated accounts, which comprise the consolidated balance sheet as at 31 December 2019, the consolidated income statement, the consolidated statement of changes in equity and the consolidated cash flow statement for the year then ended, and notes to the consolidated financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies and other explanatory information, and which is characterised by a consolidated balance sheet total of EUR'000 812,629 and a profit for the year, Group share, of EUR'000 74,912 .

In our opinion, the consolidated accounts give a true and fair view of the Group's net equity and consolidated financial position as at 31 December 2019, and of its consolidated financial performance and its consolidated cash flows for the year then ended, in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union and with the legal and regulatory requirements applicable in Belgium.

Basis for unqualified opinion

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (ISAs) as applicable in Belgium. Furthermore, we have applied the International Standards on Auditing as approved by the IAASB which are applicable to the year-end and which are not yet approved at the national level. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the "Statutory auditor's responsibilities for the audit of the consolidated accounts" section of our report. We have fulfilled our ethical responsibilities in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the consolidated accounts in Belgium, including the requirements related to independence.

We have obtained from the board of directors and Company officials the explanations and information necessary for performing our audit.

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren BV - PwC Reviseurs d'Entreprises SRL - Financial Assurance Services Maatschappelijke zetel/Siège social: Woluwe Garden, Woluwedal 18, B-1932 Sint-Stevens-Woluwe Vestigingseenheid/Unité d'établissement: Sluisweg 1 bus 8, B-9000 Gent T: +32 (0)9 268 82 11, F: +32 (0)9 268 82 99, www.pwc.com BTW/TVA BE 0429.501.944 / RPR Brussel - RPM Bruxelles / ING BE43 3101 3811 9501 - BIC BBRUBEBB / BELFIUS BE92 0689 0408 8123 - BIC GKCC BEBB

Emphasis of Matter - subsequent events

As far as the outbreak of COVID 19 is concerned, we draw your attention to point 2.5 'Significant events after 31 December 2019' of the directors' report and note 36 'Subsequent events' of the consolidated accounts in which the board of directors expresses their view that, although the consequences thereof may have a significant impact on the Group's operations in 2020, such consequences do not have a material impact on the Group's financial position for the year ended 31 December 2019. Our opinion is not qualified in respect of this matter.

Key audit matters

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our audit of the consolidated accounts of the current period. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the consolidated accounts as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters.

Impairment testing of goodwill and other intangible assets - Notes 6 and 7

Description of the key audit matter

The carrying value of the Group's goodwill and other intangible assets with an indefinite life amounts to EUR'000 229,365 and EUR'000 140,757 respectively at 31 December 2019.

These assets are subject to impairment testing on an annual basis or more frequently if there are indicators of impairment.

We consider this as most significant to our audit because the determination of whether or not an impairment charge is necessary involves significant judgement in estimating the future results of the business.

How our audit addressed the key audit matter

We evaluated the appropriateness of the Group's accounting policies and assessed compliance with the policies in accordance with IFRS.

We evaluated management's annual impairment testing and assessment of the indicators of impairment and challenged impairment calculations by assessing the future cash flow forecasts used in the models, and the process by which they were drawn up, including comparing them to the latest budgets approved by the board of directors.

We understood and challenged:

  • Assumptions used in the Group's budget and internal forecasts and the long-term growth rates by comparing them to economic and industry forecasts;
  • The discount rate by assessing the cost of capital and other inputs including benchmarking with comparable organizations;
  • The historical accuracy of budgets to actual results to determine whether cash flow forecasts are reliable based on past experience;
  • The mechanics of the underlying calculations.

In performing the above work, we utilized our internal valuation experts to provide challenge and external market data to assess the reasonableness of the assumptions used by management.

We evaluated the sensitivity analysis around the key drivers within the cash flow forecasts to ascertain the extent of change in those assumptions and also considered the likelihood of such a movement in those key assumptions arising.

Whilst recognizing that cash flow forecasting, impairment modelling and valuations are all inherently judgmental, we concluded that the assumptions used by management were within an acceptable range of reasonable estimates.

Revenue recognition relating to commercial arrangements – Note 2

Description of the key audit matter

As described in Note 2 on the applied accounting policies, the Group enters into commercial agreements with its customers whereby volume-related allowances, promotional & marketing allowances and various other fees and discounts are contractually agreed. The Group measures revenue, cost of sales and cost of services & other goods taken into consideration the estimated amount based on those contractual agreements and the specific classification criteria in accordance with IFRS.

Due to the nature of some arrangements there is a risk that these arrangements are not appropriately accounted for and as a result revenue would be misstated.

We consider this as most significant to our audit because the assessment of customer allowances requires significant judgement from management concerning:

  • The nature and level of fulfilment of the company's obligations under the contractual agreements;
  • Estimates with respect to sales volumes to support the required provision to fulfil the current obligation towards the customers.

How our audit addressed the key audit matter

We evaluated the appropriateness of the Group's revenue recognition accounting policies, in particular those relating to volume rebates and promotional & marketing allowances and assessed compliance with the policies in accordance with IFRS.

We tested the effectiveness of the Group's controls over accounting for commercial arrangements and the accuracy of the contractual agreements registered in the accounting system.

In addition, we challenged management's assumptions used in determining the commercial accruals through discussions with management and performing specific substantive procedures including:

  • A sample basis on which we agreed the recorded amounts to contractual evidence;
  • Inspecting supporting documentation for a sample of manual journals posted to revenue accounts;
  • Testing credit notes issued after period end to assess the completeness of the commercial accruals recorded;
  • A run down on prior years' commercial accruals to evaluate the reliability of management's estimates.

Our procedures confirmed that management's assumptions and estimates in respect of accounting for commercial arrangements are appropriate in all material aspects.

Accounting for uncertain tax positions – Note 29

Description of the key audit matter

Note 29 includes the information provided by the Company in respect of taxes on the result.

The Group operates in various countries and is present in many different tax jurisdictions where transfer pricing assessments can be challenged by the tax authorities.

In the normal course of business, group management makes judgments and estimates in relation to tax issues and exposures resulting in the recognition of other tax liabilities. This area required our focus due to its inherent complexity and the estimation and judgement involved in calculating such liabilities.

How our audit addressed the key audit matter

We evaluated the appropriateness of the Group's accounting policies and assessed compliance with the policies in accordance with IFRS.

In this area our audit procedures included:

  • Assessment of the group's transfer pricing judgements, considering the way in which the group's businesses operate and the impact of tax audits on this;
  • Testing the effectiveness of the Group's internal controls around the recording and continuous reassessment of the other tax liabilities including identification of uncertain tax positions.

We also assessed the applicable local fiscal regulations and developments as these are key assumptions underlying the recognition and valuation of the current and deferred tax positions. In addition, we also focused on the adequacy of the company's disclosures on income tax positions and uncertain tax positions.

We found the estimates to be reasonable in all material aspects in the context of the applicable fiscal regulations.

Responsibilities of the board of directors for the preparation of the consolidated accounts

The board of directors is responsible for the preparation of consolidated accounts that give a true and fair view in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union and with the legal and regulatory requirements applicable in Belgium, and for such internal control as the board of directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of consolidated accounts that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

In preparing the consolidated accounts, the board of directors is responsible for assessing the Group's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the board of directors either intends to liquidate the Group or to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so.

Statutory auditor's responsibilities for the audit of the consolidated accounts

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated accounts as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor's report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these consolidated accounts.

In performing our audit, we comply with the legal, regulatory and normative framework applicable to the audit of the consolidated accounts in Belgium. A statutory audit does not provide any assurance as to the Group's future viability nor as to the efficiency or effectiveness of the board of directors' current or future business management at Group level.

As part of an audit in accordance with ISAs, we exercise professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. We also:

  • Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated accounts, whether due to fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control;
  • Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Group's internal control;
  • Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and related disclosures made by the board of directors;
  • Conclude on the appropriateness of the board of directors' use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Group's ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our statutory auditor's report to the related disclosures in the consolidated accounts or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our statutory auditor's report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Group to cease to continue as a going concern;
  • Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the consolidated accounts, including the disclosures, and whether the consolidated accounts represent the underlying transactions and events in a manner that achieves fair presentation;
  • Obtain sufficient and appropriate audit evidence regarding the financial information of the entities or business activities within the Group to express an opinion on the consolidated financial statements. We are responsible for the direction, supervision and performance of the Group audit. We remain solely responsible for our audit opinion.

We communicate with the audit committee regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit.

We also provide the audit committee with a statement that we have complied with relevant ethical requirements regarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related safeguards.

From the matters communicated with the audit committee, we determine those matters that were of most significance in the audit of the consolidated accounts of the current period and are therefore the key audit matters. We describe these matters in our auditor's report unless law or regulation precludes public disclosure about the matter.

Other legal and regulatory requirements

Responsibilities of the board of directors

The board of directors is responsible for the preparation and the content of the directors' report on the consolidated accounts and the separate report on non-financial information.

Statutory auditor's responsibilities

In the context of our mandate and in accordance with the Belgian standard which is complementary to the International Standards on Auditing (ISAs) as applicable in Belgium, our responsibility is to verify, in all material respects, the directors' report on the consolidated accounts, the separate report on non-financial information and to report on these matters.

Aspects related to the directors' report on the consolidated accounts

In our opinion, after having performed specific procedures in relation to the directors' report on the consolidated accounts, this directors' report is consistent with the consolidated accounts for the year under audit, and is prepared in accordance with article 3:32 of the Companies' and Associations' Code.

In the context of our audit of the consolidated accounts, we are also responsible for considering, in particular based on the knowledge acquired resulting from the audit, whether the directors' report is materially misstated or contains information which is inadequately disclosed or otherwise misleading. In light of the procedures we have performed, there are no material misstatements we have to report to you.

The non-financial information required by virtue of article 3:32, §2 of the Companies' and Associations' Code is included in the directors' report in chapter 5 'Corporate social responsibility' on the consolidated accounts. The Company has prepared the non-financial information, based on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) framework. However, in accordance with article 3:80, §1, 5° of the Companies' and Associations' Code, we do not express an opinion as to whether the non-financial information has been prepared in accordance with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) framework as disclosed in the consolidated accounts.

Statement related to independence

  • Our registered audit firm and our network did not provide services which are incompatible with the statutory audit of the consolidated accounts, and our registered audit firm remained independent of the Group in the course of our mandate.
  • The fees for additional services which are compatible with the statutory audit of the consolidated accounts referred to in article 3:65 of the Companies' and Associations' Code are correctly disclosed and itemized in the notes to the consolidated accounts.

Other statements

This report is consistent with the additional report to the audit committee referred to in article 11 of the Regulation (EU) N° 537/2014.

Ghent, 7 April 2020

The statutory auditor PwC Reviseurs d'Entreprises SRL / PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren BV Represented by

Lien Winne Réviseur d'Entreprises / Bedrijfsrevisor

Annual Report 2019

'Fast Forward'. This concept pretty well sums up the year 2019 for Lotus Bakeries. Lotus Biscoff is growing steadily in major consumer markets, is also being produced in the US since August 2019, and is now seducing consumers in 3 categories: cookies, spread and ice cream. Lotus Bakeries' Natural Foods products are now not only successful in the UK but also internationally.

Our mission is to create small moments of joy and happiness. We do that by offering a versatile range of branded snacks with superior taste experience. To every consumer. For every occasion. In every country.

Document to which our report dated 07/04/2020 also refers. Initials for identification purposes

PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren - PwC Réviseurs d'Entreprises.

MESSAGE FROM THE CEO AND THE CHAIRMAN

The start of 2020 has been marked by the outbreak of the coronavirus, with the resultant great concern set to overshadow the year. For everyone, worldwide. Nevertheless, let us start by looking back over 2019. A year in which we made great progress. A year of various milestones, memorable events and ambitious plans in the area of sustainability.

Two major milestones

2019 is the year in which two giga-projects were completed.

For the first time, our Lotus Biscoff cookies are produced outside of Lembeke, Belgium. What's great about this is that the Lotus Biscoff cookie from Mebane is barely distinguishable from the original from Lembeke.

Firstly, the construction and opening of the new BEAR factory in South Africa, enabling us to take control of the whole process — from production to marketing — for BEAR. A very important step in the continuing internationalisation of this brand. Lotus Bakeries welcomed 300 new South African colleagues to the Lotus family, making us one of the top employers in the area.

We also opened a second factory last year: in the United States. Historically, this is a gigantic milestone for Lotus Bakeries. For the first time, our Lotus Biscoff cookies are produced outside of Lembeke, Belgium. What's great about this is that the Lotus Biscoff cookie from Mebane is barely distinguishable from the original from Lembeke.

This achievement marks our ongoing commitment to the US as our largest market for Lotus Biscoff, which we have continued to build steadily since the '90s.

Our Lotus colleagues from Belgium and the US have made this milestone possible. The team spirit and drive demonstrated to make this project a success is truly heartwarming. We are therefore grateful to all colleagues who have supported the project and made this factory a success.

< Jan Vander Stichele Chairman Jan Boone CEO

Substantial investment in the 3 pillars of our growth

Last year saw great efforts in our various countries, markets and brands to grow.

Lotus Bakeries has given its first strategic pillar, Lotus Biscoff, the opportunity to conquer the world with its unique, universal and superior taste. For instance, by launching Lotus Biscoff internationally in a third category: besides the cookie and the Lotus Biscoff spread, consumers in various countries can now also enjoy Lotus Biscoff ice cream.

We have also invested boldly in our second strategic pillar, the new Natural Foods brands. For example, we have invested substantially in several countries with the Nākd 'Mind Blown' TV commercial. We are particularly proud of BEAR's impressive results in the United States, where we started from zero and have achieved very good distribution in the space of two years. As a company, Lotus Bakeries wants to make its mark in healthy snacking. We will remain consistent in supporting the Natural Foods brands to achieve this goal.

In our home markets, we continue with our third strategic pillar, local hero products. Lotus Bakeries makes a conscious choice to continue to invest in its unique cake specialties such as Frangipane and Madeleine in Belgium. In the Netherlands, we have worked on our Peijnenburg gingerbread, which underwent a total rebranding in 2019. This rebranding was supported by a TV commercial starring Dutch singer Frans Bauer.

2,000 Lotus ambassadors

2019 was a year of even more memorable events for our colleagues. We will mention some examples: new offices for Kiddylicious in the UK and a new office complex for our colleagues in Lembeke and Enkhuizen. We also achieved a record in October: more than 2,000 Lotus employees!

Sustainable ambitions

Lotus Bakeries aspires to grow, but its ambitions go further. A major challenge for the coming years is our packaging. As a company, Lotus Bakeries wants to make a significant contribution towards sustainable solutions for our planet. In view of this, we set ourselves the goal of making all

of our product packaging recyclable by 2025. We have already made a significant first step in this direction: from 2020, both the individually wrapped cookies and twin packs will be packaged in fully recyclable film. Without affecting the quality, shelf life and price.

Outlook

In 2020 we continue our ambition of growth. In several major consumer markets such as France, the UK, the US and some countries in the Middle East, we are becoming a major cookie brand with Lotus Biscoff. We see plenty more opportunities in other major consumer markets such as China, Germany and Spain. We strongly believe in the contribution of a particular Lotus Biscoff innovation that we will be launching in 2020:

a filled Lotus Biscoff cookie with a delicious filling of vanilla, chocolate or Lotus Biscoff spread. This modern cookie should be on the shelves for the first time as of April.

But 2020 is set to be the coronavirus year. As a company, we have taken strict measures to protect our staff as much as possible and to minimise the impact on the company. We are proud of our 2,000 employees, all of whom are demonstrating great flexibility and motivation in these difficult times. And I would like to extend a special word of thanks to our staff in the factories, all of whom are assuming responsibility to keep production running.

We are a company with ambitious plans and we are dedicating the necessary resources to achieving the goals we have set.

Jan Boone Jan Vander Stichele CEO Chairman

Document to which our report dated 07/04/2020 also refers. Initials for identification purposes PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren - PwC Réviseurs d'Entreprises.

As a company, Lotus Bakeries wants to make a significant contribution towards sustainable solutions for our planet. In view of this, we set ourselves the goal of making all of our product packaging recyclable by 2025.

2019 AT A GLANCE

February

Opening of new Kiddylicious office

With a view to Kiddylicious' growth in the UK and internationally, it was decided to relocate the team to new, modern offices following the acquisition.

Nākd on TV for the first time

The first TV campaign for Nākd in the United Kingdom and Belgium (and later that year in the Netherlands).

January

Opening of new factory in Enkhuizen, Netherlands The Enkhuizer factory and offices are fully renovated.

Lotus Biscoff launches new international TV commercial New TV commercial for Lotus Biscoff featuring the iconic craving cup. March

First launch of Lotus Biscoff ice cream outside Belgium

Lotus Biscoff ice cream is launched internationally, ready to melt lots of hearts.

April

Establishment of Lotus Bakeries Italia

Together with its distributor Lona, Lotus Bakeries forms the joint venture Lotus Bakeries Italia, to focus exclusively on marketing the Lotus Bakeries brands in the Italian retail.

May

New office complex for Lotus Bakeries Belgium

For the first time, Lotus Bakeries' AGM takes place in the Jan Boone senior room of the new office complex at Gentstraat 52, Lembeke, Belgium.

FF2032

Lotus Bakeries sets up incubator fund FF2032 and takes first stake, acquiring 20% of the shares in Peter's Yard.

July

Opening of BEAR factory in South Africa

The opening ceremony is held for the BEAR production facility in Wolseley, South Africa. Lotus Bakeries proudly invites all BEAR colleagues to share in this memorable occasion.

June

August

First Lotus Biscoff cookie made in the USA

Lotus Biscoff cookies are produced outside Belgium for the first time since Lotus Bakeries was founded in 1932.

September

Middle East Partner Meeting

Successful Middle East Partner Meeting in Oman for distributors of Lotus Biscoff.

The BEAR days

The BEAR days are organised for the first time in South Africa. The internal sales teams are immersed in the world of BEAR.

Passing of EUR 600 million mark

Lotus Bakeries achieves a turnover of EUR 612.7 million in 2019.

December

New design for Peijnenburg The new design for Peijnenburg is launched successfully.

October November

Launch of Annas ice cream Lotus Bakeries launches Annas ice cream with pieces of freshly baked Annas Pepparkakor ginger thins.

REBIT (in millions of EUR)

95.0 102.9 +8.3% 2018 2019

Consolidated income statement

IN MILLIONS OF EUR 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
TURNOVER 612.74 556.44 524.06 507.21 411.58
RECURRENT OPERATING RESULT (REBIT) 102.89 95.03 89.35 83.95 64.76
RECURRENT OPERATING CASH FLOW (REBITDA) 123.58 110.34 104.33 101.60 82.58
Non-recurrent operating result (2.29) (3.01) (0.09) 4.51 (1.75)
OPERATING RESULT (EBIT) 100.60 92.03 89.26 88.45 63.02
Financial result (2.51) (3.32) (2.23) (2.68) (0.78)
PROFIT FOR THE YEAR BEFORE TAXES 98.09 88.70 87.03 85.78 62.24
Taxes (22.32) 20.83 (22.40) (23.32) (16.62)
RESULT AFTER TAXES 75.77 67.87 64.63 62.45 45.61
NET RESULT - attributable to: 75.77 67.87 64.63 62.45 45.61
Non-controlling interests 0.86 0.96 1.09 1.21 0.20
Equity holders of Lotus Bakeries 74.91 66.91 63.54 61.24 45.41

Document to which our report dated 07/04/2020 also refers. Initials for identification purposes PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren - PwC Réviseurs d'Entreprises.

For definitions, see financial supplement

NUMBER OF PERSONS EMPLOYED

1,604 2,056 +28.2% 2018 2019

(in EUR) GROSS DIVIDEND

29.0 EUR 32.0 EUR +10.3% 2018 2019

Balance sheet and key

IN MILLIONS OF EUR 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
BALANCE SHEET
Balance sheet total 812.63 711.57 597.49 548.00 571.22
Equity 402.48 346.93 293.21 248.46 217.53
Investments 95.59 111.89 28.24 37.50 16.07
Net financial debts 129.69 96.15 57.20 94.06 163.86
CONSOLIDATED KEY FIGURES PER SHARE in EUR
Recurrent operating result (REBIT) 127.42 118.21 111.77 105.84 82.15
Recurrent operating cash flow (REBITDA) 153.04 137.26 130.51 128.09 104.76
Net result: share of the Group 92.77 83.23 79.48 77.22 57.61
Gross dividend 32.00 29.00 19.50 16.20 14.20
Weighted average number of shares 807,476 803,878 799,423 793,147 788,341
Total number of shares per 31 December 816,013 815,733 814,433 812,513 811,863

Document to which our report dated 07/04/2020 also refers. Initials for identification purposes PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren - PwC Réviseurs d'Entreprises.

For definitions see financial supplement

With its new Lotus Biscoff factory in Mebane, in production since August 2019, Lotus Bakeries is now producing locally for the largest Lotus Biscoff consumer market: the United States of America.

INDEX

Message from the CEO
and the Chairman5
2019 at a glance8
Consolidated key figures 201912

PROFILE LOTUS BAKERIES

1. Mission, vision and strategy 22
---- -- -- -- -- ------------------------------ ----
    1. Brands and products.................................... 26
    1. New Product Developments....................41
    1. Lotus Bakeries 2019.....................................54
  • First Lotus Biscoff production outside Belgium starts in the United States..54
  • Lotus Inside Projects support global ambition for Lotus Biscoff......................56
  • Lotus Bakeries opens its own sales office in Italy.................................................. 58
  • Excellent year for BEAR with brand-new production site and record sales in the US...............................60
  • Lotus Biscoff ice cream conquers the US.............................................................. 62
  • Lotus Bakeries supports promising young growth companies via FF2032 fund...............................................64
5. Organisation
67
Group structure and day-to-day
management67
  • Sales structure ............................................. 70
  • Production sites............................................71
  • Personnel.........................................................73

REPORT OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS

1.
Activities in 201976

Market situation and sales results
in 201976

Main projects and investments77
2.
Financial information78

Profitability and evolution of costs78

Principal risks and uncertainties79

Financial instruments82

Research and development, innovation
and sustainability82

Significant events after

31 December 2019...................................83

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Consolidated financial statements109
Abridged five-year financial summary
Lotus Bakeries Group112

CSR: 'CARE FOR TODAY, RESPECT FOR TOMORROW'

Lotus Bakeries
Foundation for Education122
Nutritional policy
134
Sustainable packaging138
Carbon footprint143

3. Prospects for 2020.......................................83

    1. Results and proposal for appropriation of results.....................................84
    1. Corporate Governance Declaration.....85
  • Share capital ..................................................85
  • Shareholders and shareholding structure...........................................................87
  • Board of Directors and committees of the Board of Directors....................... 88

  • Executive Committee ..............................93

  • Remuneration report.................................93 • Internal code of conduct ........................98
  • Internal control and risk management................................................99
  • Announcements according to article 34 of the Royal Decree of 14
  • November 2007 protective
  • constructions...............................................101
  • External audit..............................................101

STOCK MARKET & SHAREHOLDERS' INFORMATION 103

The international success of the Lotus Biscoff cookie is being strategically levered in other categories: following the launch of Lotus Biscoff spread, it is now the turn of Lotus Biscoff ice cream.

PROFILE LOTUS BAKERIES CHAPTER 1

1. MISSION, VISION AND STRATEGY

Lotus Bakeries is active worldwide in the snacking segment with the Lotus, Biscoff, Nākd, TREK, BEAR, Kiddylicious, Dinosaurus, Peijnenburg and Annas brands.

ITS MISSION:

Our mission is to create small moments of joy and happiness. We do that by offering a versatile range of branded snacks with superior taste experience. To every consumer. For every occasion. In every country.

By maintaining a healthy balance between tradition and innovation, Lotus Bakeries indulges consumers with a unique range of high-quality, tasty products. Lotus Bakeries aims to offer every consumer a versatile range of responsible and tasty snacks for every consumption moment. The cookies, waffles, cakes, gingerbread and natural snacks our company offers create a moment of pleasure, cheerfulness and joy. With the unique taste experience of its products, Lotus Bakeries wants to be an established part of consumers' daily lives, in as many countries as possible.

Lotus Bakeries' ambitions are far-reaching.

ITS VISION:

Lotus Bakeries wishes to base its sustainable profitable growth on offering a versatile range of branded snacks of superior taste for every consumption occasion, while maximising opportunities for generations to come.

Sustainable entrepreneurship is in Lotus Bakeries' DNA. With this in mind, it has formulated a clear nutritional policy involving - besides aiming for superior taste - a promise to communicate transparently, clearly and consistently with consumers and to ensure diversity in the range in terms of nutritional composition and portion size. In addition, Lotus Bakeries has clear sustainability goals for its product packaging. In the food industry in general and for Lotus Bakeries in particular, packaging is essential to guarantee the quality of products, their shelf life and unique taste experience. Lotus Bakeries is totally committed to making the packaging of our products more sustainable without compromising on quality or taste. Our goals are therefore very ambitious: to make all Lotus Bakeries packaging recyclable by 2025.

In order to climb to the top among global brands and achieve sustainable growth, Lotus Bakeries has a clear strategy in mind, centred on building brands.

This strategy is based on three pillars.

Lotus Biscoff

Internationalisation of the Lotus Bisco products

Natural Foods

Investment in a strong healthy snacking business so that we gradually enter other markets beyond the United Kingdom

Local Heroes

Development of strong market position in our home markets by continuous investments in our broad range

1 2 3 Document to which our report dated

07/04/2020 also refers. Initials for identification purposes PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren - PwC Réviseurs d'Entreprises.

Pillar 1: Lotus Biscoff

The first pillar focusses on the globalisation of Lotus Biscoff and Lotus Biscoff spread. Lotus Biscoff has a highly unique but accessible flavour, with a subtle caramelised touch. Lotus Bakeries believes in the universal character of its original caramelised cookie, and consequently its Lotus Biscoff spread and Lotus Biscoff ice cream. These products enjoy success across national borders and cultural differences - a quite exceptional situation in the food sector. Lotus Biscoff is now enjoyed in more than sixty countries. This success supports the ambition of globalisation. The geographical expansion of Lotus Biscoff is the most important pillar of growth, with a lot of potential especially in large consumer markets such as the US, the UK, China, Japan, as well as Italy and Germany.

To support the further internationalisation of Lotus Biscoff, Lotus Bakeries operates in fifteen countries with its own sales offices and its own sales teams. Cooperation also takes place with local commercial partners in more than fifty countries and via their channels, we launch our products in new markets. We conquer the markets with our brands by approaching consumers first in hotels and restaurants and seducing them with the taste of our products. The next step is the shop shelf. Here, we want to gradually gain a more prominent place on the shelves with displays

and promotions. The more households are familiar with our products, the better. Once a substantial percentage of households within a particular region consumes our products, we can start with TV and online advertising to continue to grow steadily.

Pillar 2: Natural Foods

With the second pillar, we target a second international growth area, natural and healthy snacking. Following the acquisitions of Natural Balance Foods and Urban Fresh Foods in 2015, for the BEAR, Nākd and TREK brands, Lotus Bakeries initially focussed on their home market, the United Kingdom. Our existing sales organisations have achieved initial international successes for these brands in our home markets the Netherlands, Belgium and France. BEAR has also managed to penetrate the highly competitive retail market in the United States, where the brand is gradually obtaining an important national position within the kids fruit snacking segment.

In 2018, Lotus Bakeries invested further in natural and healthy snacking with the acquisition of Kiddylicious, the fastest growing brand in the snacking category for amongst others toddlers in the United Kingdom. Internationally, the brand has taken its first successful steps in Australia, China and Norway. This brand will also be further internationalised.

Since every strong brand has a distinct personality, specific DNA and its own consumers, brand ownership is kept separate for each brand. Parallel to this, we focus strongly on our unique capacity to stimulate growth through our extensive international network of sales offices and commercial partners, across all brands.

The growth strategy for the Natural Foods brands is in keeping with the nature of these products. We first introduce consumers to our brands by offering the healthy snacks in individually packaged bars via convenience stores in large city centres, or in impulse channels such as service stations. Again, the next step is to the shop shelves. Explanation to consumers is crucial in this product category so that consumers find their way to the relevant category. A good example of this is BEAR, 100 percent fruit rolls, that are nothing like confectionery, but make up a separate category of healthy pure fruit snacks.

Pillar 3: Local Heroes

Finally, there are our local core brands, the 'hero' products. We are present in Belgium, the Netherlands and France with a wide range of local 'hero' products: cookies, waffles, cakes and gingerbread. We want to develop these already strong market positions by investing continuously in this wide range. In this way, Lotus Bakeries strengthens its position as market leader in the relevant subsegments. Belief in 'hero' products is great. It is no coincidence that, when making acquisitions, Lotus Bakeries has always focussed on companies with a strong brand, exceptional products and a strong market position in the home market of the company concerned. We are firmly convinced that, by paying attention to these local 'hero' brands in their home market, we can further strengthen the success of these products.

2.BRANDS AND PRODUCTS

Ever since Jan Boone senior founded Lotus Bakeries in 1932, the Lotus brand has been inextricably linked with original caramelised cookies: a thoroughly Belgian product whose typical taste is due to the caramelisation during the baking process. Thanks to acquisitions and internal development, the Lotus Bakeries Group is now active in both a broad traditional snacking segment and the natural snacking segment.

The global brand portfolio is of invaluable importance to the Lotus Bakeries Group. In both the category of biscuits and bakery as well as in the natural snacking category, we have strong brands which we intend to develop in the long term. We implement our marketing strategy by continuously investing in our 'hero' brands in our home markets whilst also stimulating the international growth of brands such as Lotus Biscoff, Nākd, TREK, BEAR and Kiddylicious. Every Lotus Bakeries brand has its own DNA and target group, and its own story.

Lotus Biscoff cookie Lotus Biscoff is a surprisingly crunchy cookie loved around the world for its unique, caramelised taste. A great match for a cup of coffee, a tasty treat or kitchen ingredient. It starts from the right combination of carefully selected natural ingredients. But the true magic happens in the oven, during the well-mastered caramelisation process. In fact, it's all a matter of craftmanship.

Through the years, Lotus Biscoff's popularity spreads far beyond borders. The name Lotus Biscoff itself is a combination of 'biscuit' and 'coffee', a reference to the complementarity of the two tastes. Lotus Biscoff and coffee are the perfect match. Our international strategy is therefore to introduce new consumers to Lotus Biscoff in hotels and restaurants, often during their regular coffee time. The next step is the shop shelf. As such, Lotus Biscoff is now enjoyed in more than sixty countries.

Lotus Biscoff spread Our Lotus Biscoff spread is a spreadable, sweet spread with the familiar, unique taste of Lotus original caramelised cookies. There are two varieties: crunchy and smooth. Both varieties offer an original, delicious alternative to traditional spreads. Because this product is also enjoyed as a snack, we launched Lotus Biscoff & Go, a combination of our delicious Lotus Biscoff spread and mini-breadsticks in a handy pack to eat on the go.

In 2019, we also launched Lotus Topping in the out-of-home channel, a liquid version of Lotus Biscoff spread in a handy squeezy bottle. Perfect for topping your crepes, waffles, ice cream and more!

Lotus Biscoff ice cream 2019 proved to be an exceptional year for Lotus Biscoff ice cream. In addition to the range being significantly expanded through many delicious flavour combinations and new formats, this ice cream was also launched in various continents. We developed the 460ml Biscoff ice cream cup not only in the original Lotus Biscoff flavour, but also in combination with salted caramel, Belgian chocolate chips and brownie chunks. The velvety ice cream in combination with the unique taste of crunchy bits of Lotus Biscoff cookie mixed with smooth Lotus Biscoff spread is a taste sensation, to be enjoyed daily — from the US, Europe and the Middle East to South Korea.

Lotus cakes Lotus Bakeries also offers consumers in Belgium a wide range of cake specialties, including Frangipane, Madeleine, Tartélice and Zebra. Following the new packaging for Zebra and Tartélice, all the other cakes were in turn to receive a complete restyling in 2019. The products were divided into different families, each of which was given a particular style. Several new products were born in 2019: Madeleine Chocolat and Zebra Framboise and in the pure butter line Madeleine Pur Beurre aux raisins and Madeleine Pur Beurre au chocolat.

Dinosaurus Lotus Dinosaurus cookies are not just deliciously crunchy. They're perfectly balanced. Every cookie is bursting with tasty natural ingredients that provide children and young people with the energy they need to discover the world, try new things and let their imagination run wild. With its cool look, Dinosaurus inspires them to take on new adventures.

The basic version of the beloved Dinosaurus cookies comes in three flavours — milk chocolate, dark chocolate and whole wheat. They are available in a mini-version too. The range also includes Lotus Dinosaurus filled, a crunchy round cookie with a light filling of Belgian milk or dark chocolate.

Suzy Irresistible. Delightful. Delicious. Suzy is more than the dynamic young lady in a red dress giving out tasty waffles from a retro van for everyone to enjoy. Suzy is the brand name of the divine Liège and Vanilla Waffles, also available covered with the finest Belgian chocolate. Big or small, the waffles always stand out by their high quality, taste and texture.

Since 2019, the Liège Waffles are also available with milk chocolate, the perfect addition to the existing range. In addition, all of the waffles have gone through a complete restyling, so that the entire range sports a fresh new look.

Peijnenburg As a brand, Peijnenburg stands for simple enjoyment every day.

Peijnenburg gingerbread has been baked at Geldrop in the Netherlands since 1883. Over the years, the bakery grew into a fully-fledged factory. In 1983, one hundred years of craftmanship were crowned with the title Koninklijke or Royal. With its unique flavour, traditional baking and preparation process using well-loved, nutritious ingredients, Peijnenburg is a popular choice for enjoying a special moment at breakfast time.

In 2019, the Peijnenburg product range went through a complete redesign, resulting in an iconic red packaging that at the same time represents the rich history and craftmanship of the brand.

Snelle Jelle Think you can and you will. This has been the philosophy behind the Snelle Jelle brand since 2002. The tasty gingerbread snack made of rye is packed full of energy and handy to eat on the go. Gingerbread with a unique twist.

Snelle Jelle delights active men and women with an assortment of nutritious bars that provides additional energy. Snelle Jelle is a hit and is available in a variety of flavours, as well as in handy takeaway formats. Snelle Jelle Zero was recently added to the range: our tasty gingerbread with no added sugar.

Annas The Annas brand dates from 1929, the year in which Anna and Emma Karlsson opened their bakery near Stockholm (Sweden). There they baked the typical Swedish speciality of pepparkakor biscuits: thin, crunchy biscuits flavoured with ginger and cinnamon.

Annas is a success story in its home markets of Sweden and Finland. The biscuits can also be found on the shelves in some twenty other countries, including the US, Canada and a number of Asian markets.

There are now four different flavours, as well as an Annas variety with organic ingredients bearing the EU Organic Logo. Although Annas Pepparkakor biscuits are available all year round, in Scandinavia they are especially popular during the Christmas period. Special Annas Pepparkakor houses are also sold there at that time of the year, which are traditionally put together and decorated by the entire family.

In 2019, Annas celebrated its 90th anniversary. We marked this milestone with a brand new product in a totally new product category: Annas Pepparkakor ice cream. Annas ice cream is a combination of deliciously smooth ice cream and pieces of freshly baked Annas Pepparkakor ginger thins.

For the 2019 Pepparkakor season, Lotus Bakeries launched a limited edition of Annas in Scandinavia - Annas Lemon & Ginger. Annas Lemon & Ginger combines the deliciously fresh citrus flavour and the spicy flavour of ginger, with the classic character of the ginger biscuits.

Nākd Nākd bars are made with just fruit and nuts smooshed together!

Containing only 100% natural ingredients with no added sugar, syrups or mysterious additives, Nākd bars are the perfect mid-morning snack or afternoon pick-me-up. Appealing to healthconscious consumers who don't want to compromise on taste, Nākd's yummy treats are Vegan and gluten, wheat and dairy free.

Available in a wide variety of mind blowing flavours including Blueberry Muffin, Peanut Delight and Salted Caramel, Nākd bars are the tastiest way to genuinely enjoy healthy snacking.

TREK TREK shares Nākd's natural philosophy, but these snacks are nutritionally balanced with protein to deliver steady energy. The range of energy bars, protein flapjacks and protein nut bars help keep blood sugar levels stable and supply long-lasting energy. This makes TREK ideal for those leading an active lifestyle looking for a natural tasty snack.

BEAR Offering an extensive range of healthy snacks for children, BEAR has a clear brand purpose; to make the healthy choice simpler for parents and a whole lot tastier, fun and more engaging for children.

The innovative range of healthy snacks from BEAR consists of 100 percent fruit snacks. The range comprises different formats, including rolls made of pure fruit (BEAR Yoyo's) and fruit pieces made from pure fruit (BEAR Paws). BEAR only uses gently baked, freshly picked seasonal fruits. The snacking products contain no added sugar, concentrates, preservatives or stabilisers.

Not only are BEAR Yoyo's delicious, but they bring fun to healthy snacking with collectible cards inside every pack that kids absolutely love. A new set of cards is released regularly to drive the excitement, making loyal brand lovers come back again and again.

The brand celebrated its 10th birthday in 2019, with cubs up and down the UK sending in birthday cards to their favourite furry friend. Grrr!

Kiddylicious Kiddylicious is a tasty snacks brand for babies, toddlers and pre-schoolers.

The brand includes an extensive range of responsible snacks that also offer a healthy alternative to the existing baby snacks, with most products containing no added sugar or salt and the majority free from dairy, lactose, gluten and nuts. The Kiddylicious brand — of which the most important products are Wafers, Veggie Straws and Melts — aims to offer a solution to busy parents looking for portion-controlled snacks that also benefit each stage of the toddlers' development.

Due to its diverse and innovative portfolio of baby snacks, Kiddylicious is the fastest growing brand in the UK baby snacking segment.

3.NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTS

Interested in finding out which new products were developed under these brands in 2019? Keep on reading…

ANNAS ICE CREAM

Annas Pepparkakor, now available in the freezer section too. The combination of deliciously smooth ice cream with pieces of freshly baked Annas Pepparkakor – crispy ginger thins with a touch of cinnamon – gives Annas ice cream an authentic flavour of the Swedish classic. The crunchy crumbs are used inside and as a topping, creating an amazing taste experience. With its typical Annas look and feel, Annas ice cream or Pepparkaksglass is instantly recognisable in the freezer section.

The launch of our 'own' ice cream illustrates the entrepreneurial spirit of colleagues at Annas Pepparkakor and Lotus Bakeries.

Pelle Karlsson, Country Manager Nordics

Sales of Annas Pepparkakor were exceeding expectations. We sometimes had to move up a gear to keep up with all of the deliveries. Certainly a great success in the market!

Per Ållebrand, Key Account Manager

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From left to right: Malin Boström (Junior Marketeer), Claes Bergsten (Plant Manager), Henrik Amanius (Key Account Manager), Per-Erik Sundberg (Plant Controller), Per Ållebrand (Key Account Manager), Jan-Christian Koivumäki (Planning Manager), Pelle Karlsson (Country Manager)

Fun facts

Massively shared by stores in their own social media channels

Document to which our report dated 07/04/2020 also refers. Initials for identification purposes PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren - PwC Réviseurs d'Entreprises.

Top results in all tastings

KIDDYLICIOUS

Kiddylicious Houmous Dip-Dips have been specially developed to create a fun, convenient, child-friendly, nutrient-dense snack for little ones, containing just 100 calories per portion. Kiddylicious further launched an innovative range of convenience meals for toddlers and babies, Kiddylicious Meals, encouraging them to start to explore grown up food. Both innovations contain high quality ingredients only, are an excellent source of protein and contain no artificial preservatives or added sugar or salt.

The Houmous Dip-Dip project was really exciting to work on. It was great to take it from concept to launch. Despite having many challenges along the way, it was fast-paced and motivating to work on a product which is not only healthy but also delivers true innovation to the baby isle.

Kiddylicious Meals has been a really exciting project to develop. Each meal is filled with great tasting vegetables introducing babies to new tastes and textures. The meals also encourage little ones to use cutlery, which complements our child development message perfectly.

Ginny Haywood, NPD Manager

Claire Anderson, Quality Manager

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From left to right — on top: Claire Anderson (Quality Manager), Alexandra Bellis (Brand Manager), Kevin Taggart (Studio Manager), Tamsin Preston (Packaging Designer) Below: Emma King (National Account Manager), Ginny Haywood (NPD Manager), Femi Miller (Head of Technical)

If you stacked up all the breadsticks in the Original and Red Pepper Houmous we have sold, it is the

The Houmous Dip-Dips is the only Houmous product in the baby aisle

equivalent of 3 Mount Everests Document to which our report dated 07/04/2020 also refers. Initials for identification purposes PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren - PwC Réviseurs d'Entreprises.

Fun facts

LOTUS BISCOFF ICE CREAM

In 2019 the Lotus Biscoff ice cream range was significantly expanded through many delicious flavour combinations and new formats. We developed the 460ml Lotus Biscoff ice cream cup not only in the original Lotus Biscoff flavour, but also in combination with salted caramel, Belgian chocolate chips and brownie chunks. Each of these flavours are a perfect match with our original Lotus Biscoff flavour, and create a new and unique taste experience on their own, to be enjoyed daily—from the US, Europe and the Middle East to South Korea.

Great opportunities in the ice cream segment don't just happen, you have to create them yourself!

Roel De Jong, Corporate Procurement Director

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From left to right: Roel de Jong (Corporate Procurement Director), Jonas Vandamme (Product Engineer R&D), Magd Havermans (Global Brand Services Manager), Florian De Leersnyder (Global Brand Manager Lotus Biscoff Ice Cream), Lize Boen (Corporate Q&A Engineer), Fleur Serry (Global Brand Services Coordinator), Evelyn Louis (QA Services Manager), Evy Claeys (Corporate QA Engineer), Ben Teirlink (Group Supply Chain Planner), Tim De Baets (Corporate Buyer)

The development and launch of the international ice cream range was exciting on many fronts, but we did it! Now it's up to consumers to continue this fantastic story.

Magd Havermans, Global Brand Services Manager

Fun facts

Lotus Biscoff ice cream is made with natural ingredients only

Lotus Biscoff ice cream was nominated by the World Dairy Innovation Awards for

LOTUS MADELEINE WITH CHOCOLATE & SUZY LIÈGE WAFFLE MILK CHOCOLATE

In April 2019, Lotus Madeleine, the sweet, tender and delicious cake with a girl's name gained a new little sister. Lotus Madeleine Chocolate is a delightfully soft cake with a chocolate-flavoured centre. Earlier in March, the Liège Waffle milk chocolate was introduced in the Lotus Suzy family. This deliciously soft waffle contains pieces of pearl sugar and is covered in a generous layer of Belgian milk chocolate. A pearl among waffles and a first for Belgium.

We use real chocolate in the chocolate cake mixture which makes our Madeleine Chocolate so tasty.

Tania Ceuppens, Brand Manager Pastry

When I tried the waffle for the first time, I was sold right away! There's a generous covering of the finest Belgian milk chocolate which cracks when you bite into the waffle! A real treat!

Jolien Deledicque, Product Management Support Wafels & MDI Coordination

Fun facts

Lotus Madeleine Chocolate is sold in 88% of Belgian stores

Document to which our report dated 07/04/2020 also refers. Initials for identification purposes PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren - PwC Réviseurs d'Entreprises.

Suzy Liège Waffle is the very top of the Lotus waffle range

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From left to right — on top: Erik Claeyssens (Production Manager), Mohamed Baidouri (Teamleader Technique), Susan Vyverman (Maintenance Manager), Luc De Vuyst (Project Engineer), Marnix Cayzeele (Packing Manager) Below: Jonathan Lenartz (Product & Process Engineer), Lieselotte Geerts (Product & Process Engineer), Sofie Gorleer (Brand Manager Waffles), Erik De Wilde (Project Engineer), Tania Ceuppens (Brand Manager Pastry)

Document to which our report dated 07/04/2020 also refers. PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren - PwC Réviseurs d'Entreprises.

PEIJNENBURG REDESIGN

In 2019, Peijnenburg carried out a redesign of the whole portfolio of products. The result of this project is a more attractive gingerbread shelf with an impactful red Peijnenburg brand block. The red colour with the white Peijnenburg word mark is highly characteristic of Peijnenburg and unique, together with the payoff "Happen naar Peijnenburg" ("Take a bite of Peijnenburg"). As well as being iconic, the packaging reflects the brand's rich history and craftsmanship.

Not just our team, but consumers too love the new design. Based on a shelf survey, we can confirm that they think that the packaging looks more appealing and appreciate the clarity on the shelf due to better navigation.

Jeroen Harks, Marketing Director

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From left to right: Jeroen Harks (Marketing Director), John van Horssen (Sales Director), Manon Swinkels (Brand Manager Peijnenburg), Han van Welie (General Director)

We've succeeded in starting a shelf evolution instead of a revolution. Even the most traditional consumers have transitioned to the new design and think it suits Peijnenburg.

Manon Swinkels, Brand Manager Peijnenburg

Fun facts

80% of the Netherlands links the phrase 'Happen naar' uniquely with

Peijnenburg floor in five weeks Document to which our report dated 07/04/2020 also refers. Initials for identification purposes PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren - PwC Réviseurs d'Entreprises.

Full assortment flowed onto the shop

TREK PROTEIN NUT BAR

TREK's Protein Nut Bars are the perfect tasty snack to keep your energy levels sustained throughout the day. Made with natural ingredients, the tasty range of nut-based protein bars are gluten free and pack in 10g of plant based protein and less than 5g of sugar per bar. Not to mention perfectly-balanced flavour profiles. With two chocolatey, and two fruity bars the range suits all tastes!

What makes the Trek Protein Nut Bar so appealing is that it is a multidimensional product: each bite provides an interesting mouthfeel of different textures and flavours whilst consistently delivering 10g of protein and less than 5g of sugar.

Mirka Butalova, NPD Manager, Natural Balance Foods The new range of Protein Nut Bars aims to broaden TREK's appeal and open up daytime usage among people looking for great tasting, natural and texturally different protein energy to sustain an active lifestyle.

Marina Love-Smith, Marketing Director Natural Balance Foods

Fun facts

Dark Chocolate & Sea Salt is the leading TREK Protein Nut Bar flavour, closely followed by Chocolate & Orange

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From left to right: Ryan Grace (Digital Marketing Exec), Jen Dunlop (Designer), Denise Fishburn (Head of Design), Louise Cullinane (Senior Brand Manager), Kate Ellis (Senior Designer), Eva Jacobs (Head of Brand), Mirka Butalova (NPD Manager), Marina Love-Smith (Marketing Director), Victoria Wale (Junior Brand Manager), Georgie Crook (Brand Manager).

TREK Protein Nut Bar has now achieved listings in several UK-based retailers such as Tesco, Sainsbury's,

Asda, Waitrose and Ocado Document to which our report dated

07/04/2020 also refers. Initials for identification purposes PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren - PwC Réviseurs d'Entreprises.

4.LOTUS BAKERIES 2019

01. FIRST LOTUS BISCOFF PRODUCTION OUTSIDE BELGIUM STARTS IN THE UNITED STATES

After three years of intense preparation, we finally got there in 2019: on 5 August, the first Lotus Biscoff cookies produced outside Belgium rolled off the conveyor belt in the United States. The team looks back on the exciting days of the start-up of production and gives a sneak preview of the future plans for this brand new site.

The fact that Lotus Bakeries is now producing its original caramelised cookies in the United States has everything to do with the fact that Lotus Biscoff sells so well there. "American consumers often first encounter the cookie on a flight. Certain airlines offer it as an in-flight snack", explains Bart Vanterwyngen, Operations Director in Mebane. "The US is currently the biggest market for Lotus Biscoff, and there's plenty of potential for growth. So, it was a logical step to start-up a production facility in the United States."

The US is currently the biggest market for Lotus Biscoff, and there's plenty of potential for growth. So, it was a logical step to start-up a production facility in the United States.

Bart Vanterwyngen, Operations Director in Mebane

Keith Holmes (Materials Manager), Bart Vanterwyngen (Operations Director Mebane) and Ruth Lopez (Quality and R&D Manager) Document to which our report dated 07/04/2020 also refers.

Initials for identification purposes PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren - PwC Réviseurs d'Entreprises.

Virginie Dubus (key member of the project team) and Derrick Durbin (Plant Controller)

Good preparation crucial

Thanks to thorough research and extensive testing, by the time of the start-up, the plant in Mebane managed to produce a cookie that tasted and looked exactly the same as in Belgium. This is all down to the fact that the team in Mebane was very well prepared. "The extremely close cooperation between Mebane and Lembeke was also crucial to the success of the start-up", Bart continues. "People from the US underwent in-depth training in Belgium, and we had Belgian experts on hand in the US throughout the start-up phase. This combination of American drive and Belgian expertise made this story a success."

From milestone to milestone

However, it was a major challenge that almost all colleagues were new to the company, so that they were not necessarily all singing from the same page. In spite of this, the start-up of the site went smoothly thanks to the good cooperation within the team. Materials Manager Keith Holmes sums it up as follows: "By making a habit of celebrating each success, we worked our way from milestone to milestone. The first dough, the first cookie, the first packaged cookie, the first full pallet, the first full trailer on its way to the customer... Then I thought: now we're in business. It's amazing how fast it went, but also how fast each milestone then became routine. The smooth start-up is down to the strength of our team."

The opening of the factory attracted plenty of interest from the local community and the press. Major US retailers welcomed Lotus Bakeries as their new neighbours.

Virginie Dubus, key member of the project team

Great interest

The opening of the factory attracted plenty of interest from the local community and the press. Major US retailers welcomed Lotus Bakeries as their new neighbours. "We even got a mention on local radio as one of Americans' top ten favourite cookies", says Virginie Dubus, a key member of the project team. So, it was only logical that Lotus Bakeries also added Lotus Biscoff spread (or cookie butter) and Lotus Biscoff ice cream to the range for the US market. "Both products reinforce familiarity with Lotus Biscoff in the US."

Continuing to grow

However, there will be a period of consolidation before we are there. "As far as the taste of the cookie is concerned, we're already at the same level as in Belgium. That is confirmed by tasting panels, but we continue to monitor this. We also want to add to the team and make sure that both the team and the production become sufficiently routine so we're ready for future expansion. Then for this young, ambitious team, the sky's the limit. No one wants to stay with the status quo. We all want to grow. So, as far as we're concerned, the sales team shouldn't hold back", urges Bart.

02. LOTUS INSIDE PROJECTS SUPPORT GLOBAL AMBITION FOR LOTUS BISCOFF

"Partnerships with major international brands are a key driver for making Lotus Biscoff the bestselling cookie in the world."

To make our Lotus Biscoff the bestselling cookie in the world: that's our ambition. That's why it's crucial that as many people as possible all over the world discover the unique taste of our product. An important way of making this a reality is Lotus Inside Projects: partnerships with major international brands that use our product as an ingredient to come up with original concepts with our unique Lotus Biscoff taste.

"We're conquering the world with our cookie", begins Pascal Deckers, Director Global Brand Lotus Biscoff. "That's thanks to the unique, universal flavour of our original caramelised cookies, which are loved the world over. But there are still many people who haven't tried our cookies. So we want to spread the taste as widely as possible." Lotus Bakeries does this, for example, by making sure that millions of people have the cookie with their coffee every day, as well as via Lotus Inside Projects.

We're conquering the world with our cookie. That's thanks to the unique, universal flavour of our original caramelised cookies, which are loved the world over.

Pascal Deckers, Director Global Brand Lotus Biscoff

Only top brands

"This involves partnerships with major, established brands which use our cookie, the crumble or Lotus Biscoff spread as an ingredient", explains Pascal. For this reason, Lotus Bakeries always chooses brands that inspire trust and value quality just as highly. "They set to work with our brand. We want that to happen in the right way, according to the same strict conditions in the areas of hygiene and quality." Since it is also important for Lotus Bakeries that consumers can clearly see that the product is made by the partner brand, a recognisable signature has been developed. "A red seal with the words 'created with Lotus Biscoff' indicates that our partner makes the product using our ingredient."

Large reach

Another important requirement for a partnership is that the partner brand itself also has a large reach. "And the link to our cookie should be clear", says Pascal. "For example, we joined forces with Danone, which in Belgium marketed a fresh cheese speciality using Lotus Biscoff crumble as a crunchy topping."

Pascal Deckers, Director Global Brand Lotus Biscoff

Gathering pace

Lotus Inside Projects have gathered pace recently. "That's partly because consumers are so crazy about our product", explains Pascal. "Hashtags with our product names are shared amazingly often on social media. But we're also getting more and more requests from companies to work together. Although Lotus Inside Projects originally focussed on the outof-home channel, we've recently accepted a partnership offer for retail. Together with Nestlé Middle East, we've created a version of KitKat containing Lotus Biscoff. The product has just gone on sale in the Middle East and the feedback is fantastic. Because Nestlé is supporting the launch with campaigns on TV and social media, our brand awareness gets a huge boost."

Finally, there are the Lotus Biscoff spread Inside projects, through which Lotus Bakeries introduces even more people to the taste of Lotus Biscoff. "We do this through partnerships with major 'bakery' manufacturers. Through croissants, doughnuts and muffins filled with our Lotus Biscoff spread, we bring the unique taste of Lotus Biscoff spread to many potential new consumers. A truly delicious combination which we offer in bakeries and supermarkets. We can reach many consumers there. If they all then buy our Lotus Biscoff spread, we can make our brand even greater", assures Pascal.

Lotus Inside Projects have gathered pace recently. That's partly because consumers are so crazy about our product. But we're also getting more and more requests from companies to work together.

Pascal Deckers, Director Global Brand Lotus Biscoff

03. LOTUS BAKERIES OPENS ITS OWN SALES OFFICE IN ITALY

"Thanks to a joint venture with our out-of-home partner, we're pooling our expertise and sharpening our focus on the Italian market."

After serving the Italian retail market for more than 25 years via a distributor, Lotus Bakeries opened its own sales office in Italy in 2019. The aim: to strengthen our position in the fragmented Italian retail landscape.

For a long time, Lotus Bakeries has moved into foreign markets, either by working with a specialist distributor, or by opening its own office. "A distributor is a commercial partner that builds our brand for us on the spot and takes care of sales and logistics", begins Bart Bauwens, General Manager International Distributors. "Sometimes, after a while, the momentum gathers for opening our own office in that country. That happened last year in Italy."

Faster growth

Lotus Bakeries has already been active in the country for 25 years. As usual, it all started with the out-of-home channel, before moving into retail. For both channels, we worked with specialist distributors. "We've worked well together for many years", says Eef Wauters, Trade Marketing & Category Development Manager. "Our distributors know the way to the customer and have the logistics and market knowledge. After our

Through this new partnership, we want to grow faster in Italy, increase market penetration in that country and have a greater impact on the retail channel.

Eef Wauters, Trade Marketing & Category Development Manager long partnership, we decided that the time had come to join forces with our distributor for the out-of-home channel." That took the form of a joint venture. "Through this new partnership, we want to grow faster in Italy, increase market penetration in that country and have a greater impact on the retail channel", explains Eef.

"With our partner by our side, we pool our expertise. It allows us to focus on expanding our sales team, without also having to set up all the logistics, accounts and so on. That means we can make rapid progress. We can continue to develop our story, concentrate on the right retailers and add the focus we were looking for."

Best practices of other sales offices

As of 2020, the development of the Italian market is handled by the Lotus Bakeries' Sales Offices EU team, which supports many countries in Europe in which Lotus Bakeries has its own sales office. "Our sales team will focus initially on expanding the distribution of Lotus Biscoff within the Italian retail landscape", says Els De Smet, General Manager Sales Offices Europe. "A considerable task, given the complex, fragmented retail landscape. There are not only around 20,000 points of sale, but also many retailers and different levels on which you have to negotiate as a supplier. It's also a real challenge to get around the table with the retailer. After all, we're not bringing a whole portfolio, but a single brand. Fortunately, retailers usually soon realise that working with a party that is willing and able to invest in its brand has its advantages."

Bart Bauwens, General Manager International Distributors, Eef Wauters, Trade Marketing & Category Development Manager and Els De Smet, General Manager Sales Offices Europe

The fact that Lotus Bakeries already has experienced similar situations in different countries is a major advantage. "We now know what story we have to tell, what works and what doesn't, and how to convince retailers. In any case, there are synergies and similarities between Italy and other countries. We can now apply the best practices in Italy."

Keep on building, step by step

The launch of Lotus Biscoff spread will probably follow, and then the ice cream. "We're doing everything step by step, and we are choosing the right things at the right stage", says Bart. "The basics have to be right first. We're already strong in the out-of-home channel, but there's still plenty of growth potential. In 2020, we aim for the individually wrapped Lotus Biscoff cookie to be tasted up to 50 million times by the Italians via this channel. That's a good step up towards a fine presence in retail. Eventually, we want to get more volume from this channel, so that it ends up with the highest turnover. Finally, in the coming period, we'll focus on expanding our highly effective team further."

We're already strong in the out-of-home channel, but there's still plenty of growth potential. In 2020, we aim for the individually wrapped Lotus Biscoff cookie to be tasted up to 50 million times by the Italians via this channel.

Bart Bauwens, General Manager International Distributors

04. EXCELLENT YEAR FOR BEAR WITH BRAND-NEW PRODUCTION SITE AND RECORD SALES IN THE US

"In the US, people specifically look for the shelf with healthy fruit snacks. And we stand out in that range with our clean, delicious and cheerful product."

With record turnover in the United States and a brand-new production site in South Africa, 2019 was a year BEAR — a brand representing healthy 100 percent fruit snacks—won't soon forget.

Since Lotus Bakeries took over the British company Urban Fresh Foods — most known for its BEAR brand — in 2015, the brand has reached new heights. In 2019, a great deal of momentum was created for BEAR in the US in particular. "2019 was the year of the breakthrough", Isabelle Maes, CEO Natural Foods, begins. "We took our first steps on US soil in 2017. Now, almost all national health stores have added us to their range. In the last year, BEAR has also managed to conquer the ordinary retail channel, and we're recording impressive rotation figures. A definite success. Now it's up to us to consolidate this good start in 2020."

Mature market

One of the reasons why BEAR is so successful in the US is the mature healthy snacking market there. "That might come as a surprise, as the

Paul Hunter, General Manager Urban Fresh Foods and Sabien Dejonckheere, Global Brand Director BU Natural Foods

We took our first steps on US soil in 2017. Now, almost all national health stores have added us to their range.

Isabelle Maes, CEO Natural Foods

US is often linked with bad eating habits. But, precisely for that reason, healthy alternatives have long been sought there", explains Isabelle. "In many stores, the assortment of healthy snacks is just as large as the range of candy, bars and chocolate. And we stand out in that healthy segment with our colourful and appealing high-quality product. In many other countries, the healthy snacking segment is still in its infancy."

The United Kingdom is another relatively mature market for products like BEAR. "There we're the market leader in the category of healthy fruit snacks for kids", Paul Hunter, General Manager Urban Fresh Foods, proudly states. "Since the category is already well developed, we're constantly challenged to stay creative and think out of the box."

Own production site in South Africa

Another milestone for BEAR was the opening of the South African production site at the end of May 2019. "We're really proud of the plant", continues Isabelle. "It's close to our heart because we're creating many jobs there in a rural area with lots of unemployment and seasonal work. Some 300 people can now work for us all year round. That has a positive effect on their lives and those of the people around them."

The marketing and sales managers from Lotus Bakeries' sales offices discovered how proud the staff are too when they flew down to South Africa for the BEAR days in October. "Through that initiative, we wanted to share best practices from all over the world, and bring together all available knowledge from our different teams. For three days, we immersed them in the world of BEAR. On the agenda: plenty of workshops, presentations, team building and a tour of the plant, of course."

International focus

The South African site is already geared up for further growth. "Our ambition is to introduce BEAR to as many households as possible in various countries", says Sabien Dejonckheere, Global Brand Director BU Natural Foods.

But there's more: Lotus Bakeries wants to grow across Natural Foods' entire product range. "For this, we also need to plant seeds in other countries", concludes Isabelle. "We're going to focus strongly on our international business. In view of this, the Natural Foods team is further expanding. Our ultimate aim is to make BEAR the healthy snack of choice for parents and kids around the globe."

05. LOTUS BISCOFF ICE CREAM CONQUERS THE US

"With our Lotus Biscoff ice cream, we have an extra tool at hand to take the unique taste of Lotus Biscoff to the consumer."

Since 2019, Lotus Biscoff ice cream has become a major third category for Lotus Bakeries—along with the cookie and spread—in making the unique caramelised taste even more famous internationally. A crucial step in this process was launching in the United States. For good reason: the US is the country of ice cream. In one short year, we have some five flavours of our pint in freezers there.

A cookie factory that moves into the ice cream business: not a predictable next step. But Lotus Bakeries had its reasons for creating Lotus Biscoff ice cream 10 years ago. "It was in response to the many artisan ice cream makers who were selling homemade Lotus Biscoff ice cream", says Florian De Leersnyder, Global Brand Manager Lotus Biscoff Ice Cream. "In the meantime, our ice cream business grew to become an important part of our Belgian Lotus Biscoff business."

Lotus Biscoff ice cream goes global

As a result, Lotus Bakeries decided to go global with its ice cream. "The United States was a crucial first step", explains Christian Tesoro, Sales Director US. "That's because an enormous amount of ice cream is eaten in this country. The ice cream category in the US is therefore of strategic importance for retailers: it's not just very big, it also brings many consumers into the store. Overall, it's worth around USD 6.3 billion, not including the out-of-home channel. Launching Lotus Biscoff ice cream here was a good idea. We knew that. It was also an opportunity to take our unique Lotus Biscoff taste once more beyond the cookie aisle. Something we're already doing with the Lotus Biscoff spread. To a totally different part of the store. Cross-fertilisation between different areas will boost our brand awareness."

New flavours for the American market

The teams in Lembeke and the US worked closely together to create a range for the American market. Barely a year later, the first pallets The United States was a crucial first step. That's because an enormous amount of ice cream is eaten in this country. The ice cream category in the US is therefore of strategic importance for retailers: it's not just very big, it also brings many consumers into the store.

Christian Tesoro, Sales Director US

were on their way to the largest ice cream market in the world. "I'm still amazed at how quickly and efficiently it all went: from idea to product and packaging design to the first deliveries", Florian continues. "Besides the original Lotus Biscoff flavour, we created four new varieties with the caramelised taste as a basis: blueberry cheesecake, chocolate chip, salted caramel and chocolate brownie. Each of these flavours are a perfect match with our original Lotus Biscoff flavour, and create a new and unique taste experience on their own."

And what's more, they are currently working on other flavours too. Retailers are hungry for this type of creative approach. "Our product line Document to which our report dated 07/04/2020 also refers. Initials for identification purposes PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren - PwC Réviseurs d'Entreprises.

is extremely popular", beams Christian. "We can feel a huge commitment to going into partnership with us."

Further globalisation

By the end of 2020, Lotus Bakeries intends to step up distribution in the US. "We would like to make sure that we flawlessly execute summer promotions", says Christian. "After all, the summer months are crucial for our success in the longer term. At the same time, we're already working towards 2021: American retailers plan far ahead, but we're ready for it. With new ideas for further innovations we clearly show to retailers that we're committed and have moved into this category for the long term."

In addition, Lotus Bakeries also has plans for other parts of the world. "We're already available in Asia and the Middle East. In 2020, we also launched the ice cream in some ten other European countries. In this way, we're building on our experiences in the US. Every day we learn a little more, and that's the only way we'll grow", Florian concludes.

Barely a year later, the first pallets were on their way to the largest ice cream market in the world. I'm still amazed at how quickly and efficiently it all went: from idea to product and packaging design to the first deliveries.

Florian De Leersnyder, Global Brand Manager Lotus Biscoff Ice Cream

Christian Tesoro, Sales Director US

06. LOTUS BAKERIES SUPPORTS PROMISING YOUNG GROWTH COMPANIES VIA FF2032 FUND

"By moving in at an early stage, we bring young companies fast forward to 2032."

In 2019, Lotus Bakeries set up incubator fund FF2032. With this fund, we aim to provide financial support for promising young brands in the food sector on the path to further growth. At the same time, it's a way for Lotus Bakeries to plant seeds for the future and be inspired by innovative young entrepreneurs.

"In the past, we made several great acquisitions", begins Jan Boone, CEO of Lotus Bakeries. "We moved into the health snacking category at the right moment and were able to buy several fantastic brands for a relatively affordable price. But this kind of innovative growth company has become unaffordable these days. Via FF2032, we now want to get involved in businesses we love at an earlier stage, by supporting them financially."

Long-term commitment

Lotus Bakeries concentrates on young companies in the food sector that are past the start-up stage. "So, we focus on companies that still need time to grow. By getting involved at an early stage, we bring young companies 'fast forward' to 2032", Jan explains. "That also reflects our commitment: we're not doing it for the short-term, but want to support these companies on their growth path for many years."

Lotus Bakeries has already made 30 to 40 million euros available to invest in these promising companies in the coming years. It takes a minority stake in these companies. "We only choose companies with products and founders in which we believe. It's a both-and story", Jan continues. "Our input is at financial and management level. We don't want to get involved operationally. For this reason, it is essential that the founders continue to run the business and take it to the next phase."

Ensuring future growth

Therefore, the integration of these minority stakes in the Lotus Bakeries Group is not on the agenda for now. However, the incubator fund is a way for Lotus Bakeries to ensure future growth. Benoit Graulich, director of both Lotus Bakeries NV and incubator fund FF2032 NV and Managing Partner of investment firm Bencis, explains: "Lotus Bakeries has no need for a new big acquisition at present. We're focussing particularly on organic growth with the brands currently in our portfolio. However, with this fund, we're planting seeds for future acquisitions. Companies that seem to do very well in FF2032 and are in an interesting segment

So, we focus on companies that still need time to grow. By getting involved at an early stage, we bring young companies 'fast forward' to 2032.

Jan Boone, CEO

Benoit Graulich, Independent Director of Lotus Bakeries, Director FF2032 and Managing Partner of investment company Bencis and Jan Boone, CEO Lotus Bakeries and Director FF2032

may become part of Lotus Bakeries' core business eventually. In the end, this could lead to several stakes becoming full acquisitions so that these companies are integrated in the Group's activities. But it's not a must."

Innovative entrepreneurship

In addition, Lotus Bakeries wants to be inspired by the fresh ideas of the young entrepreneurs. "We've now become a large, international business", says Jan. "When we talk to candidates for FF2032, they make us think out of the box. They're usually younger people who are abreast of the latest developments and have amazingly good ideas. With those sorts of stimuli, they challenge us and bring us out of our comfort zone. We believe in the interaction between young entrepreneurs and the expertise of an established brand."

Proactively seeking

Lotus Bakeries has already taken a minority stake in Peter's Yard – a British company that makes sourdough crispbread. "When we first communicated about FF2032, we were contacted by lots of young companies wanting to work with us", Jan continues. "Now we want to seek out potential companies which may be of interest ourselves. To this end, we've taken on someone to lead the fund day to day, and proactively seek young, promising consumer brands in Europe, the US and Canada."

From left to right: Bart Bauwens (General Manager International Distributors), Ignace Heyman (COO), Els De Smet (General Manager Sales Offices Europe), Michelle Singer (General Manager US), Mike Cuvelier (CFO), Twan Thorn (Managing Director Kiddylicious), Ronald Drieduite (General Manager Asia), William Du Pré (Corporate Director Quality, Procurement and R&D), Isabelle Maes (CEO Natural Foods), Paul Hunter (Managing Director BEAR), Jan Boone (CEO), Leon Broer (Global Business Development Director Natural Foods), Jean-Philippe Kloutz (General Manager France), John Van de Par (General Manager Belgium), Han van Welie (General Manager Netherlands) Document to which our report dated

5.ORGANISATION

1. Group structure and day-to-day management

The Executive Committee ('EXCO') determines Lotus Bakeries Group's strategy and objectives and submits them to the Board of Directors for approval.

This strategy is implemented by the country and regional organisations ('areas') in the different business units, supported by the corporate departments.

Executive Committee 2019

  • Jan Boone, CEO
  • Isabelle Maes, CEO Natural Foods
  • Mike Cuvelier, CFO
  • Ignace Heyman, COO
  • William Du Pré, Corporate Director Quality, Procurement and R&D

Corporate Departments

Controlling Global Brand Biscoff Global Brand Natural Foods HR ICT Legal, IP & Corporate Communication Procurement Quality R&D Treasury, internal audit & risk management

Business Unit Biscuits & Bakery

• Belgium

  • Netherlands
  • France
  • Sales Offices Europe UK & Ireland Germany Austria Czech Republic & Slovakia Nordics Switzerland Spain Italy • United States • International Distributors
  • Sales Offices Asia China
  • South Korea

Business Unit Natural Foods

  • Natural Balance Foods
  • Urban Fresh Foods
  • Kiddylicious
  • Belgium • Netherlands
  • France
  • Sales Offices Europe Czech Republic & Slovakia Germany Nordics Switzerland
  • Spain • United States
  • International Distributors BEAR • Sales Offices Asia
  • China
  • South Korea

Business Unit Customer Brand Business

Jan Boone has been CEO of Lotus Bakeries Group since 2011 and leads the members of the EXCO on a day-to-day basis. He began his career in the audit department of PwC. From 2000-2005, he was responsible for corporate controlling, reporting and M&A at pharmaceutical company Omega Pharma. He sat on the Executive Committee and Board of Directors there. Jan joined Lotus Bakeries as General Manager and Director in May 2005.

Isabelle Maes is CEO Natural Foods within the Lotus Bakeries Group. She began her career as an auditor for PwC. In May 2001, she moved to the Barry Callebaut chocolate company. Having fulfilled various roles and been involved in various projects in Finance and SAP, she was appointed Finance Officer of Barry Callebaut Belgium in 2006. Between 2014 and 2017, Isabelle fulfilled the role of CFO at Lotus Bakeries Group. So as to be able to dedicate herself fully to the internationalisation and growth of the natural snacking segment, she has fulfilled the role of CEO Natural Foods since September 2017.

Mike Cuvelier has been CFO of Lotus Bakeries Group since September 2017. Mike began his career in 1996 as an auditor for PwC. Between 2000 and 2013 he fulfilled various controlling roles at Bekaert in the US, Asia and finally Vice President Control Global Business Platforms in Belgium. From 2013 to 2017, Mike was CFO of the Unilin Group, part of Mohawk Industries.

Ignace Heyman is COO of Lotus Bakeries Group. He pursued a career in marketing in both Belgium and France, firstly at Procter & Gamble, PAB Benelux (Panzani-Amora-Blédina) and then at Reckitt Benckiser. In 2008, Ignace joined Lotus Bakeries as Marketing Director Belgium, before going on to become Corporate Director Marketing in 2011. From mid-2012 to the end of 2015 he was General Manager France.

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From left to right: Mike Cuvelier – CFO Isabelle Maes – CEO Natural Foods Jan Boone – CEO William Du Pré – Corporate Director Quality, Procurement and R&D Ignace Heyman – COO

William Du Pré is Corporate Director Quality, Procurement and R&D, in charge of these corporate departments. William's career with Lotus Bakeries began in 1982. Over the years, he has occupied a variety of sales roles. He has been General Manager Belgium for almost ten years (2007-2015).

Together with the general managers from the various areas within the business units, the EXCO members form the Group Management Team ('GMT'). Each area implements the Lotus Bakeries strategy according to a clearly defined business model. The corporate departments advise and support the Group across all business units and areas and report directly to the EXCO.

2. Sales structure

Lotus Bakeries has a total of twenty-one Sales Offices in Belgium, France, the Netherlands, the UK, Spain, Germany, Italy, Sweden, Switzerland, the Czech Republic, Austria, the US, Hong Kong, China and South Korea.

Singapore.

In about 50 other countries, we work closely with commercial partners. These partnerships are combined in a separate area: International Distributors. The main countries in this area are Saudi Arabia, Israel, Japan, United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Australia, Lebanon, Jordan and

The business unit 'Natural Foods' combines all of Lotus Bakeries' activities in the natural snacking segment. This business unit covers the Natural Balance Foods, Urban Fresh Foods and Kiddylicious teams as well as the Natural Foods sales teams for Europe and the United States and a team that works together with commercial partners for BEAR.

3. Production sites

Production for the traditional specialities takes place at various Lotus Bakeries sites. To guarantee the typical characteristics of our extensive product range, we deploy various production technologies. Mastering, managing and developing these technologies represent a permanent challenge for Lotus Bakeries Group. We therefore try to limit the number of products and technologies for each production site and to centralise production processes in specialised plants.

Lotus Bakeries has a total of twelf production sites. They are spread across Belgium, France, the Netherlands, Sweden the US and South Africa. We also have our own distribution centre in Lokeren (Belgium).

Belgium Sweden
Lembeke Lotus Biscoff, Lotus Biscoff spread
and Lotus Dinosaurus
Tyresö Annas Pepparkakor biscuits
Courcelles Lotus waffle plant South Africa
Oostakker Lotus cake specialties Wolseley BEAR
Eeklo Caramelised cookies, caramelised cookies spread US
France Mebane Lotus Biscoff
Briec-de-L'Odét Breton butter specialities
Comines Lotus cake specialties and filled waffles
The Netherlands
Enkhuizen Enkhuizer biscuits and cake specialties
Geldrop Peijnenburg gingerbread
Sintjohannesga Peijnenburg gingerbread,

Snelle Jelle gingerbread

In 2016, Lotus Bakeries announced the location for the construction of the first Lotus Biscoff manufacturing facility outside Belgium, in Mebane, North Carolina (US). The construction works were finished spring 2019, with a first commercial production of US made Lotus Biscoff cookies in August 2019.

In March 2018, Lotus Bakeries Group came to an agreement with the current co-manufacturer of BEAR to take control of the production process for these natural snacks. This involved building a new plant in Wolseley, South Africa. The building works began in September 2018. In June 2019, the factory became operational with the first BEAR Yoyo's fruit rolls rolling off the conveyor belt.

The offices in Lembeke (Belgium) were thoroughly renovated in the past year. Since May 2019, a new administrative wing was put into use. The cake factory in Enkhuizen (Netherlands) was also fully upgraded. After the erection of two new warehouses in 2018, the offices were fully renovated as part of a second phase. This phase is completed since February 2019.

The Kiddylicious team, which has been part of the Lotus Bakeries Group since 2018, moved to brand new offices in Amersham (UK) in February 2019.

4. Personnel

2015 1,339
2016 1,464
2017 1,495
2018 1,604
2019 2,056
The proportion of men and women
47% men
53% women
Number of employees per country
BELGIUM 1,063
SOUTH AFRICA 289
NETHERLANDS 233
UNITED KINGDOM 154
FRANCE 140
UNITED STATES 71
CHINA 24
SOUTH KOREA 21
SWEDEN 21
OTHER SOFs EU (GERMANY, SPAIN, CZECH REPUBLIC, SWITZERLAND, AUSTRIA) 40

Via the Lotus Inside Projects, Lotus Bakeries is establishing partnerships with other large, well-known brands.

REPORT OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS CHAPTER 2

1. ACTIVITIES IN 2019

1.1 Market situation and sales results in 2019

General evolution of turnover

In 2019, Lotus Bakeries Group's consolidated turnover increased by EUR 56.3 million to EUR 612.7 million, representing 10.1% growth. The solid growth in the first half of the year therefore continued in the second half. The reported growth was positively impacted by the consolidation of Kiddylicious for a full year, accounting for 2.4% of growth. Exchange rates also had a small positive impact on turnover for 2019.

Once again, the first and largest strategic pillar, Lotus Biscoff, grew most strongly in absolute terms. The internationalization of Lotus Biscoff, Lotus Biscoff spread and Lotus Biscoff ice cream continues unabated, resulting in double digit growth in 2019. The large consumer markets of the United States (US), the United Kingdom (UK), France and China continue to grow strongly. Solid growth was also recorded in many other countries, including South Korea, Australia, Spain, the Czech Republic and Switzerland.

Lotus Biscoff was launched in the US market in 1986, the Group opened its own sales office in 2009 and in 2016 the US became the largest national market for Lotus Biscoff. Lotus Biscoff has managed to sustain this significant growth in the US in recent years. Penetration — the number of households buying Lotus Biscoff at least once a year — in the US rose to almost 5% or 6 million households. In the largest consumer market in the world, this represents 1 billion cookies. It also demonstrates that there is still plenty of potential to win many more Americans over to Lotus Biscoff and the Lotus Biscoff taste.

2019 also saw the international launch of Lotus Biscoff ice cream, as a third global category under Lotus Biscoff. The ice cream was already sold in Belgium and the Netherlands, but a new international range has recently been introduced in supermarkets in the US, the UK, France and South Korea.

Lotus Bakeries' second strategic pillar, which also achieved double digit growth, is natural snacking within Natural Foods. For the first time, Nākd's growth was supported by a TV commercial in 2019, both in the UK, Belgium and the Netherlands. BEAR also saw turnover grow strongly internationally. In the US, the brand is gradually gaining a strong position nationally in the 'kids fruit snacking' category. Kiddylicious continues to grow strongly in the UK, mainly through expansion of distribution and the successful introduction of new products.

The third pillar of the Lotus Bakeries strategy is the focus on 'local heroes' in the home markets of Belgium, the Netherlands, France and Sweden.

In Belgium, as a brand, Lotus has managed to achieve a particularly high market share and level of penetration among families in recent years. This achievement is due to a strong focus on our 'hero' products in the waffle and cake range. We continue to focus on product innovations with the introduction in 2019 of the chocolate-filled Madeleine, the Suzy milk chocolate Liège Waffle and the expansion of the Tartélice range.

Although the gingerbread category came under pressure, turnover remained stable in the Netherlands across the various brands. Lotus Bakeries' aim, as category captain, to bring about growth in the gingerbread category, once more was reinforced by an integrated action plan in 2019. The most visible actions are the introduction of the new packaging design for Peijnenburg and the launch at the beginning of January 2020 of the new media campaign for Peijnenburg starring Dutch singer Frans Bauer, all under the baseline 'Van Happen word je Happie' (Eating Peijnenburg makes you happy).

Waffles are by far the biggest 'local hero' product in France. These Lotus waffles saw double digit growth once again in 2019, spread across nearly all retailers. We will therefore invest further in this category with TV advertising and the necessary sales and marketing support in the various regions.

Within this pillar of local specialities, Annas Pepparkakor is another key brand in the portfolio. Annas is a firm favourite in Sweden and Finland, achieving good growth in 2019 for the fifth year in a row. This year also saw the successful launch of Annas Pepparkakor ice cream.

1.2 Main projects and investments

In 2018 and 2019, Lotus Bakeries invested more than EUR 200 million in both the acquisitions of Kiddylicious and the BEAR factory in South Africa and major CAPEX projects, with the Lotus Biscoff factory in the US as a strategic milestone.

Successful start-up of factory in the US makes a significant positive contribution to sustainability As already announced with the half-year results, the new Lotus Biscoff manufacturing facility in the US is operational as of the beginning of August. The US made Lotus Biscoff arrived on American shelves in September and is served on board of several American airlines.

The start-up of the factory was a milestone for Lotus Bakeries and a fantastic achievement for the project team, as well as an example of true Lotus Bakeries team spirit between the project team, the team in Lembeke and the team in the US.

Two production lines have now been started up in two shifts, with expansion to three shifts well on course. When operating continuously at full capacity, these two production lines meet a large proportion of current US demand. The remaining volume is still produced at the factory in Lembeke. The land and basic infrastructure are in place for the further expansion of the current capacity. An increase in capacity will still be associated with further substantial investment.

In terms of sustainability, this marks a significant step forwards for Lotus Bakeries by introducing local production in the largest market for Lotus Biscoff. The most tangible impact is that a thousand fewer containers will cross the ocean every year.

Besides leading to a smaller, more sustainable ecological footprint, the investment in the US is the right decision strategically and in the long term for many reasons. It guarantees the best, freshest, locally made product for the largest Lotus Biscoff market. It is possible to respond more quickly to customers. Local sourcing of raw materials forms a buffer against possible import or export restrictions or duties. And exchange rate effects are limited. Based on a purely financial perspective, the factory offers no additional profit in the short term. However, as stated above, building the Lotus Biscoff manufacturing facility in the US is the most sustainable solution in the long term.

In addition, we are taking a significant step towards the sustainable production of BEAR. Due partly to BEAR's success and rapid growth in the US, we have begun to invest in a packaging facility for BEAR YoYo's at the factory in Mebane. This means that, from the second quarter of 2020, products delivered in bulk will be able to be packed there and fresher BEAR YoYo's will be transported to US consumers in a more eco-friendly manner.

2. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

2.1 Profitability and evolution of costs

In 2019, Lotus Bakeries achieved a recurrent operating result (REBIT) of EUR 102.9 million and a recurrent operating cash flow (REBITDA) of EUR 123.6 million. Both profitability parameters rose, by EUR 7.9 million and EUR 13.2 million respectively. The recurrent operating cash flow includes EUR 3 million relating to the new IFRS 16 'Leases' standard effective from 2019. On the operating result however, the impact of the new standard is minimal.

The increase in turnover is complemented by a positive sales and operating margin contribution. In addition, the Group continues to invest in media support, expansion of the sales teams and the support functions which develop as the Group grows and becomes more international.

The BEAR factory in South Africa officially became part of the Group in June and made a positive contribution to operating results in the second half of the year, thanks to a strong operating performance.

The Lotus Biscoff factory in the US has been operational since August. During the start-up phase in which the factory currently finds itself, the volumes produced are – as predicted – still insufficient to cover overheads and depreciation. The factory's results therefore had a negative impact on the recurrent operating result for the second half of the year.

The substantial investments in recent years in the Belgian, American and South African factories also increase annual depreciation charges and have a significant impact on the recurrent operating result. Annual depreciation charges of EUR 21 million are to be expected for the next few years.

The non-recurrent operating result stands at EUR -2.3 million. This result mainly comprises start-up costs for the Lotus Biscoff manufacturing facility in the US and the result of the acquisition and start-up of the BEAR factory in South Africa.

The financial result of EUR -2.5 million consists of normal interest expenses and bank charges. In addition, the cost of the early redemption of an interest rate derivative due to the refinancing of long-term debt was offset by exchange rate gains on balance sheet positions in foreign currencies.

The tax expense stood at EUR 22.3 million, while the effective tax rate fell to 22.8%. The tax expense comprises a one-off positive impact on deferred taxes as a result of the forthcoming rate reduction in the Netherlands.

The net profit increased by 11.6% to EUR 75.8 million. The recurrent net result, consisting of the reported net result minus non-recurrent costs, rose by 10.5% to EUR 77.5 million.

2.2 Principal risks and uncertainties

The following text presents the business risks as assessed by the Lotus Bakeries Executive Committee.

The main and most urgent risk is the outbreak of COVID-19. The Lotus Bakeries Executive Committee is keeping close track of crisis developments and their potential impact on the company. Since the outbreak of the virus, it has quickly taken all necessary measures to protect the Lotus Bakeries workforce. It is also making every effort to limit the impact on operational activities. Lotus Bakeries assumes that the measures imposed by governments worldwide to control the spread of the coronavirus will adversely affect sales to the out-of-home channel (including hotels, bars and restaurants) and airlines.

Otherwise, price fluctuations for raw materials and packaging and exchange rates remain the main market risks for the Lotus Bakeries Group.

2.2.1 Raw material and packaging costs

The risk of negative consequences of fluctuations in raw material prices on the results is limited by the signing of forward contracts with a fixed price for the most important volatile raw materials. For other raw materials and for packaging, yearly agreements are made when possible.

2.2.2 Currency risk

Purchasing takes place predominantly in euros. On the sales side too, a very significant portion of the turnover is invoiced in euros. The main foreign currency transactions related to buying and selling are in USD, GBP, CHF, SEK, CNY, ZAR and KRW. Lotus Bakeries Group seeks to net out as far as possible its purchases and sales in foreign currencies, with net foreign exchange risks hedged if necessary by forward and/or option contracts if there is a material unhedged net risk for the Group.

Lotus Bakeries' consolidated financial statements are presented in euros. The operating results and financial position of each Lotus Bakeries company whose functional currency is not the euro have to be converted into euros at the applicable exchange rate for inclusion in the Group's consolidated financial statements. Lotus Bakeries does not hedge against this "conversion risk".

A 5% lower average rate for Lotus Bakeries' key foreign currencies would have had a negative impact on the net profit amounting to a total of kEUR 2,781. A 5% higher average rate for Lotus Bakeries' key foreign currencies would have had a positive impact on the net profit amounting to a total of kEUR 3,074.

CURRENCY RISK

EFFECT ON THE NET RESULT OF
THE LOWER AVERAGE RATE OF 5%
(AMOUNT IN KEUR)
EFFECT ON THE NET RESULT OF
THE HIGHER AVERAGE RATE OF 5%
(AMOUNT IN KEUR)
USD (426) 471
GBP (1,700) 1,879
CNY (169) 187
CZK (146) 161
Other (340) 376
Total (2,781) 3,074

2.2.3 Interest rate risk

The interest rate risk is the risk associated with interest-bearing financial instruments and relates to the risk of the fair value or related interest cash flows of the underlying financial instrument fluctuating due to future changes in market interest rates.

Lotus Bakeries Group's objectives with regard to interest rate risks are to reduce fluctuations in income, limit interest expenses in the long term and protect future cash flows against the impact of significant negative interest rate fluctuations.

As part of managing its interest rate risks, where necessary, the Group enters into interest rate agreements to convert a variable rate into a fixed rate. As of 31 December 2019, the financial interest-bearing liabilities (kEUR 61,500) were hedged at a variable rate under such agreements.

A change in the Euribor rate by ten basis points in 2019 would have had an impact on interest expenses amounting to approximately kEUR 86.

2.2.4 Credit risk

The Lotus Bakeries Group opts to conclude contracts as far as possible with creditworthy parties or to limit the credit risk by means of securities.

The Lotus Bakeries Group has a diversified international customer portfolio, consisting mainly of large retail, cash-and-carry and food service customers in various countries. For export outside Western and Northern Europe, the United States, South Korea and China, the Lotus Bakeries Group works on a documentary credit basis or uses credit insurance. Within the Lotus Bakeries Group, there are strict procedures to accurately follow up on customers and to handle possible risks as quickly and as efficiently as possible.

For financial operations, credit and hedging, the Lotus Bakeries Group works only with established financial institutions.

2.2.5 Liquidity risk

Lotus Bakeries uses an international cash pooling structure for daily cash pooling where possible. Lotus Bakeries also closely monitors the amount of short-term funds and the ratio of short-term funds to its total debts, as well as the availability of committed lines of credit in relation to the level of outstanding short-term debt.

In connection with the acquisition of Natural Balance Foods Ltd. in 2015, put options were granted to third parties with respect to the remaining non-controlling interests, where these put options give holders the right to sell part or the whole of their investment in this subsidiary. A financial liability is shown on the consolidated balance sheet for this, which could potentially result in a larger cash outlay if the acquired entity performs better than forecast in the long-term business plan. Further details are given in note 21 in the financial supplement of the 2019 annual report.

In view of the significant cash flow from operations compared with the net financial debt position, and the available committed lines of credit, the liquidity risk for the Lotus Bakeries Group is low.

2.2.6 Balance sheet structure

Lotus Bakeries aims for a capital structure (the balance between debt and capital) which will give it the required financial flexibility to implement its growth strategy.

Lotus Bakeries strives to keep the proportion of net financial debt (defined as interest-bearing financial debt, monetary investments, liquid assets, treasury shares) and the recurrent company cash flow (REBITDA) at what is considered to be a normal healthy level in the financial market.

FINANCIAL RATIOS 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
Days customer credit 47 45 42 37 45
Solvency ratio (%) 49.5 48.8 49.1 45.3 38.1
Net financial debts / REBITDA* 1.10 0.87 0.55 0.93 1.98
Net profitability of equity (%) 18.8 19.6 22.0 25.1 21.0

(*) REBITDA normalised for the impact of acquisitions

2.2.7 Product liability risks

The production, packing and sale of food products give rise to product liability risks.

Lotus Bakeries applies the highest product safety standards to the entire production and distribution process, from the purchase of raw materials through to the distribution of the final product, supported and guaranteed by structured procedures and systematic internal quality audits. External audits take place at regular intervals.

The necessary product liability insurance has been subscribed within reasonable limits.

2.2.8 Pension scheme risks

The form of and benefits under pension schemes existing within the Lotus Bakeries Group depend on the conditions and customs in the countries involved. Pension benefits can be provided under defined contribution schemes or defined benefit schemes.

A major portion of these pension schemes are defined contribution schemes, including in Belgium, France, Sweden and the United States. These are funded by employer and employee contributions and charged to the income statement of the year in question. Under this type of scheme, there is no legal or constructive obligation to pay further contributions irrespective of the capacity of the funds to pay future pension contributions.

Because of the Belgian legislation applicable to second pillar pension plans (so-called 'Vandenbroucke Law'), basically all Belgian defined contribution plans have to be considered under IFRS as defined benefit plans because of the minimum guaranteed return, although it is normally insured by an external insurance company that collects and manages the contributions. This 'Vandenbroucke Law', which came into force in 2004, stipulates that, in the context of a defined contribution plan, the employer must guarantee a minimum return of 3.75% on employee contributions and 3.25% on employer contributions. As from 1 January 2016, these percentages were replaced by a single percentage which changes in line with market rates, subject to a minimum of 1.75% and a maximum of 3.75%, which reduces the risk for the employer.

In the Netherlands a defined contribution scheme has been concluded with BPF. Because employers pay a fixed contribution, the scheme falls under the defined contribution scheme.

Defined benefit pension schemes exist in the Dutch and German subsidiaries. In certain companies provisions also exist for early retirement ('bridge') pensions (Belgium) and pension obligations resulting from legal requirements (France). These are also treated as defined benefit schemes. For these defined benefit schemes the necessary provisions are set up based on the actuarial present value of the future obligations to the employees concerned.

Through its defined benefit plans, the Group is exposed to a number of risks, the most significant of which are detailed below:

  • Changes in bond yields: a decrease in corporate bond yields will increase plan liabilities, although this will be partially offset by an increase in the value of the plan's bond holdings.
  • Salary risk: the majority of the plans' benefit obligations are calculated by reference to the future salaries of plan members. As such, a salary increase of plan members higher than expected will lead to higher liabilities.
  • Longevity risk: pension plans provide benefits to the participants throughout their remaining lives. An increase in life expectancy will therefore result in an increase in the pension plan obligations.

2.3 Financial instruments

The Lotus Bakeries Group uses financial instruments to hedge the risk of adverse exchange and interest rate fluctuations. No derivatives are used for trading purposes. Derivatives are initially measured at cost and thereafter at fair value.

2.4 Research and development, innovation and sustainability

2.4.1 Innovation and product development

The quality of all Lotus Bakeries products is an absolute priority and all employees are intensely involved in the continuous drive for high quality products and processes, which are audited internally as well as externally.

The R&D department hopes to contribute to better products with new insights into processes and the interactions between various ingredients. In this, Lotus Bakeries does not only employ its own expertise but also calls on the expertise of well-known university knowledge centres, and of existing innovation platforms set up by the food industry.

2.4.2 Sustainability

The 'Care for Today — Respect for Tomorrow' programme represents in a clear way how Lotus Bakeries is handling sustainability. This programme has been widely communicated to all employees and the Board of Directors. Lotus Bakeries opts to report on its sustainability programme based on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG reporting) proposed by the United Nations. You can read the result about the progress so far in the chapter 'Care for Today - Respect for Tomorrow'.

2.5 Significant events after 31 December 2019

The main and most urgent risk is the outbreak of COVID-19. The Lotus Bakeries Executive Committee is keeping close track of crisis developments and their potential impact on the company. Since the outbreak of the virus, it has quickly taken all necessary measures to protect the Lotus Bakeries workforce. It is also making every effort to limit the impact on operational activities.

Lotus Bakeries judges that there is no material impact on the financial statements as at 31 December 2019 due to the consequences of the worldwide spread of the COVID-19 virus.

Lotus Bakeries assumes that the measures imposed by governments worldwide to control the spread of the coronavirus will adversely affect sales to the out-of-home channel (including hotels, bars and restaurants) and airlines. Exacerbated by the uncertainty over the duration of the crisis and the accompanying measures, the potential financial impact of COVID-19 cannot yet be gauged.

No other significant facts have occurred after 31 December 2019 with a material impact on the 2019 financial statements.

3. PROSPECTS FOR 2020

The internationalisation of Lotus Biscoff remains our main organic growth driver with solid and broad-based growth in the major consumer markets and a long list of other countries. In 2020, for example, we aim to roll out Lotus Biscoff ice cream further internationally in about ten more countries.

We are also working hard on product innovation. In view of this, we look forward with great enthusiasm to the launch of our new Lotus Biscoff cookie. This will consist of two round Lotus Biscoff cookies with a filling between them. There will be three versions of the filling: our own Lotus Biscoff spread, vanilla and chocolate. The new cookie is part of a young and dynamic concept and will be presented in a roll pack.

We are currently working hard to have the production capacity ready for this. The plans have also been approved for the purchase and installation of a new, unique line for this product in Lembeke. This cookie will be launched initially in four countries in 2020.

The growth and internationalisation of the healthy snacking business remains a second key pillar of growth. Following the acquisition of Kiddylicious in mid-2018, the growth of the brand remains very solid in the UK and the basis will be laid for further international growth in 2020. The other Natural Foods brands also experienced impressive international growth, with a special mention for BEAR in the US, which, two years after launch, has managed to gain a strong position nationally in the kids fruit snacking category.

For our local heroes, the focus remains on developing a strong market position in the home markets. The actions taken in the Netherlands to bring about growth in the gingerbread category once more should bear fruit in 2020.

At the time of publishing the half-year results, the establishment of incubator fund FF2032 was also announced. In recent months, many proposals for investment have been presented, which we are now studying.

4. RESULTS AND PROPOSAL FOR APPROPRIATION OF RESULTS

Consolidated

The consolidated net profit for 2019 amounted to EUR 75.8 million as compared to EUR 67.9 million in 2018.

Statutory

The 2019 results for the parent company Lotus Bakeries NV are as follows:

IN EUR

Profit for the financial year 34,880,393.09
Transfer from untaxed reserves -
Transfer to untaxed reserves -
Profit for the year available for appropriation 34,880,393.09

The Board of Directors proposes to appropriate the profit as follows:

IN EUR

TOTAL 34,880,393.09
Distribution of emoluments to directors 250,000.00
Distribution of a gross dividend(1) 26,112,416.00
Allocation / (Transfer) to other reserves 8,517,853.89
Allocation to legal reserves 123.20

(1) The dividends on the purchased Lotus Bakeries shares will be paid to Lotus Bakeries NV and, as a consequence, will not be suspended.

The Board of Directors will propose to the Ordinary General Meeting of Shareholders of 8 May 2020 to pay a gross dividend of EUR 32 per share for 2019 compared with EUR 29 per share in 2018.

Last year, we decided to increase the gross dividend to one third of recurrent net profit. This gives us the right balance between providing a decent return for shareholders and reinvesting the profit in the business. We are therefore pleased to have achieved excellent growth of the net profit this year, so that we can reinvest even more in Lotus Bakeries Group as well as increasing our dividend by 10%.

Jan Boone, CEO

5. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE DECLARATION

Lotus Bakeries has adopted a Corporate Governance Charter under which we commit to apply the principles of the Corporate Governance Code of 12 March 2009 and to respect the associated legal norms and regulations. The charter outlines our corporate governance policy and the internal rules of procedure of the Board of Directors, the Committees and the Executive Committee. It can be consulted on our website (www.lotusbakeries.com).

The charter is currently being revised in the light of the new Belgian Companies and Associations Code and the Corporate Governance Code 2020. In view of the similarity between certain matters covered in the Charter and the items on the agenda to be proposed by the Board of Directors to the 2020 Annual Shareholders' Meeting, the Board of Directors will finalise the charter after the 2020 Annual Shareholders' Meeting. The revised charter will then be published on the website.

In this annual report, we report factual applications of the Corporate Governance Charter. There are no deviations from the provisions of the Corporate Governance Code.

5.1 Share capital and shares

5.1.1 Capital

As a result of the exercise of warrants the share capital of Lotus Bakeries NV was increased on 3 April 2019 by EUR 1,232.0 from EUR 3,589,951.65 to EUR 3,591,183.65.

5.1.2 Shares

Through the exercise of warrants and subsequent capital increases, new shares of Lotus Bakeries NV were issued: 280 on 3 April 2019. As a result, the total number of shares of Lotus Bakeries increased from 815,733 to 816,013.

As of 31 December 2019, there were 816,013 shares of Lotus Bakeries NV, in registered or dematerialised form.

5.1.3 Share options

In the context of the Lotus Bakeries share option scheme, 1,199 share options were issued in 2019. As at 31 December 2019 the total number of unexercised share options was 8,568.

YEAR OF ISSUE OF
THE OPTIONS
NUMBER
OF ALLOCATED
OPTIONS (1)
NUMBER
OF OPTIONS
EXERCISED (2)
TOTAL
OF AVAILABLE
OPTIONS
2014 5,333 (5,333) -
2015 3,337 (1,155) 2,182
2016 2,351 - 2,351
2017 1,697 - 1,697
2018 1,139 - 1,139
2019 1,199 - 1,199

(1) Number allocated minus cumulative number lapsed.

(2) Cumulative number exercised.

5.1.4 Warrants

The key conditions of the warrant plan set out in 2007, the exercise conditions and the key consequences of the abolition of the pre-emptive right for shareholders are set out in note 24 of the financial supplement.

5.1.5 Purchase of treasury shares

The Extraordinary General Meeting of 15 May 2018 authorised the Board of Directors of Lotus Bakeries NV for 5 years (i) to acquire the shares or profit certificates of the company in an amount of up to 20 percent of the issued capital under the conditions stipulated by the Belgian Companies and Associations Code, with as compensation the average closing share price of the company over the last 30 calendar days prior to the date of purchase, reduced by 20 percent as a minimum price and increased by 10 percent as a maximum price; this authorisation also applies to the acquisition of shares and profit certificates of the company by one of its directly controlled subsidiaries under Article 7:221 of the Belgian Companies and Associations Code, and (ii) to dispose of any shares or profit certificates of the company, regardless of when and on what basis they were acquired, if this divestment either forms part of a stock option plan approved by the Board of Directors of the Company, subject to payment of the agreed option price, or takes place against compensation that is higher than the average closing share price of the company over the last 30 calendar days prior to the date of sale reduced by 20 percent and lower than this average increased by 20 percent.

In 2019, 2,250 treasury shares were purchased. The total number of purchased treasury shares in the portfolio at the end of the financial year is 9,681. They represent an accounting par value of EUR 42,596.4 or 1.19% of the issued capital.

All stock market transactions were executed in accordance with the various mandates granted by the Extraordinary General Meeting of Shareholders to the Board of Directors.

5.2 Shareholders and shareholders structure

The shareholding structure of Lotus Bakeries NV on 31 December 2019:

NO. OF VOTING RIGHTS % OF VOTING RIGHTS
Stichting Administratiekantoor van Aandelen Lotus Bakeries (1) 455,417 55.81%
Lotus Bakeries NV (2) 9,681 1.19%
Publicly held 350,915 43.00%
Total 816,013 100.00%

(1) Stichting Administratiekantoor van Aandelen Lotus Bakeries is not controlled. The interest of Stichting Administratiekantoor van Aandelen Lotus Bakeries in Lotus Bakeries NV appears in the transparency notification that Lotus Bakeries NV received on 5 April 2013* and in the notifications to Lotus Bakeries NV of the certification of Lotus Bakeries shares in July 2014 and in April 2018.

(2) The voting rights attached to the shares held by Lotus Bakeries NV have been suspended. The dividends have not been suspended and will be distributed to Lotus Bakeries NV.

(*) Pursuant to article 6 of the Law of 2 May 2007 on disclosure of major holdings.

Communication according to Article 14, para. 1, of the Law of 2 May 2007 on disclosure of major holdings

Lotus Bakeries NV has received a transparency notification, dated 16 August 2019, revealing that, following the disposal of shares on 13 August 2019, Holding Biloba bv now holds less than 5% of the voting rights in the company (either directly or via the company controlled by it, Christavest bv). It has therefore fallen below the shareholding threshold of 5%.

Communication according to article 74§7 of the Law of 1 April 2007 on public takeover bids

Lotus Bakeries NV is not aware of any updates to any communication according to article 74 of the Law of 1 April 2007.

5.3 Board of Directors and Committees of the Board of Directors

5.3.1 Board of Directors

5.3.1.1 Composition

The composition of the Board of Directors:

Chairman:

Vasticom BV, represented by its permanent representative Jan Vander Stichele Current term of office ends: 2021 General Meeting

Managing director:

Mercuur Consult BV, represented by its permanent representative Jan Boone Current term of office ends: 2021 General Meeting

Non-executive directors:

  • Beneconsult BV, represented by its permanent representative Benedikte Boone Current term of office ends: 2020 General Meeting
  • PMF NV, represented by its permanent representative Johan Boone Current term of office ends: 2021 General Meeting
  • Concellent NV, represented by its permanent representative Sofie Boone Current term of office ends: 2020 General Meeting
  • Anton Stevens Current term of office ends: 2021 General Meeting

Independent directors:

  • Peter Bossaert
  • Current term of office ends: 2021 General Meeting
  • Benoit Graulich BV, represented by its permanent representative Benoit Graulich Current term of office ends: 2021 General Meeting
  • Lema NV, represented by its permanent representative, Michel Moortgat Current term of office ends: 2022 General Meeting
  • Sabine Sagaert BV, represented by its permanent representative Sabine Sagaert Current term of office ends: 2023 General Meeting

Secretary:

• Brechtje Haan

Benedikte Boone Non-executive director

  • Master's degree in Applied Economics (KU Leuven)
  • She has held positions at Creyf's Interim and Avasco Industries
  • Director in various family companies (Bene Invest BV, Holve NV and Harpis NV) and also director at Deceuninck NV
  • Member of the Board of Directors at Lotus Bakeries since 2012

Jan Boone CEO / Managing director

  • Master's degree in Applied Economics (KU Leuven); Master in Audit (UMH)
  • Started his career in the Audit department of PwC
  • Between 2000 and 2005 Head of Corporate Controlling, member of the Executive Committee and Board of Directors at Omega Pharma
  • Since 2005, active at Lotus Bakeries as managing director and since 2011 as CEO
  • Since 2005, member of the Board of Directors at Lotus Bakeries and managing director since 2011
  • Member of the Board of Directors of Omega Pharma, director at Club Brugge and FF2032
  • President of the Board of Directors of Animal Care, a listed company in the veterinary sector

Johan Boone Non-executive director

  • Master's degree in dentistry (KU Leuven)
  • Dentist
  • Member of the Board of Directors at Lotus Bakeries since 1996

Sofie Boone Non-executive director

  • Master's degree in Pharmaceutical Sciences (KU Leuven), postgraduate degree in Business Economics (Vlekho) and Business Management for pharmacists (Vlerick Business School)
  • 1996 – 2001: deputy pharmacist and titular pharmacist.
  • Since 2002, owner and titular pharmacist of Boone pharmacy in Tervuren
  • Since 1999, active as volunteer departmental pharmacist at the Red Cross Tervuren
  • Member of the Board of Directors at Lotus Bakeries since 2016

Peter Bossaert Independent director

  • Commercial engineer (University of Antwerp)
  • 1989 – 1997: various marketing and sales roles at Unilever and Campina
  • Between 1989 and 2018 active at Medialaan, from 2012 as CEO
  • Since 2018 CEO at KBVB
  • Member of the Board of Directors at Lotus Bakeries since 2017

Benoit Graulich Independent director

  • Master's degrees in Law, Business and Finance (KU Leuven)
  • Began his professional career at PwC and then at Paribas Bank/Artesia Bank. In 2000 he became a partner at EY. Currently he is a managing partner at Bencis Capital Partners
  • Various directorships at Van de Velde, Confinimmo and FF2032, among other companies
  • Member of the Board of Directors at Lotus Bakeries since 2009

Michel Moortgat Independent director

Anton Stevens Non-executive director

  • Master's degree in Business and Finance (Ichec Brussels) and MBA (Vlerick Business School)
  • Since 1991, active at Duvel Moortgat and since 1998 as CEO
  • Member of the Board of Directors at Lotus Bakeries since 2018

Sabine Sagaert Independent director

  • Master's degree in Commercial Engineering (KU Leuven), Master in Economic Legislation (UCL) and MBA (KU Leuven), graduate degree in Taxation (Fiscale Hogeschool Brussel)
  • Held various positions in the Benelux at CBR cement companies and at AB InBev, amongst others as Business Unit President Belux. Subsequently, she led the Dental Division at Arseus
  • Since 2011, employed by Cargill as General Manager Malt business Europe. As of 2015, Global Managing Director Malt Business and since June 2018, Managing director Oils and Seeds Emea
  • Member of the Board of Directors at Lotus Bakeries since 2011

  • Master's degree in Law (UGent) and in Notarial law (UGent)

  • Member of the Board of Directors at Lotus Bakeries since 2002

Jan Vander Stichele Chairman of the Board of Directors

  • Master of Science in Electromechanical Engineering (KU Leuven) and a Bachelors's degree in Business Economics (KU Leuven)
  • Was technical director of the Verlipack Group
  • Since the end of 1996 active in the Lotus Bakeries Group as General Manager Lotus Bakeries France, thereafter as General Manager Operations and between 2011 and 2016 as Executive Director
  • Since 2005, member of the Board of Directors at Lotus Bakeries
  • Member of the Board of Directors at TVH Parts Holding, BIG and OLV Hospital Aalst
  • Chairman of the Board of Directors at Team Industries, FEVIA and Flanders'FOOD

In the selection of candidates for the Board of Directors by the current members of the Board of Directors, prior to the proposal of a new director to the General Shareholder's Meeting, skills, competencies and diversity are paramount. Lotus Bakeries is conscious that it must ensure the presence of a critical Board of Directors, with specialist knowledge of the various areas relevant to Lotus Bakeries. Certain diversity criteria are imposed by law and are naturally adopted by Lotus Bakeries, including the number of independent directors and the number of directors of a different gender. In this respect, Lotus Bakeries declares that, with the aforementioned composition, it complies with the requirement for at least one third of directors to be of a different gender than that of the other members. The aforementioned obligation is contained in Article 7:87 of the Belgian Companies and Associations Code. It also wishes to point out in this connection that the abovementioned independent directors fulfil the independence criteria of Article 7:87 of the Belgian Companies and Associations Code and Corporate Governance Code 2020. Besides these diversity criteria enshrined in law, Lotus Bakeries also aims for diversity in knowledge and experience and, when selecting candidates, performs a thorough assessment based on competencies which would additionally benefit the company in view of the existing competencies among the members of the Board of Directors. The results of this policy are illustrated in the CVs described above.

This means Lotus Bakeries has a balanced Board of Directors in which the majority shareholder, the independent directors and the executive board are sufficiently represented.

5.3.1.2 Activities of the Board of Directors

The Board of Directors met six times in 2019. Only Lema NV, represented by its permanent representative, Michel Moortgat and Sabine Sagaert BV, represented by its permanent representative Sabine Sagaert were absent once.

The subjects dealt with at the meetings were:

  • financial results
  • sales results
  • results at 31/12 and 30/06 and proposed press release
  • investment budget and global budget
  • media investments
  • clarification of the year action plans of the different countries
  • start-up of new factory in the United States
  • start-up of new factory in South Africa
  • evolution of prices of raw materials and packaging
  • product developments and innovations
  • reports and recommendations from Committees
  • Remuneration policy EXCO
  • Establishment incubator fund FF2032
  • Brexit preparations
  • M&A policy
  • Corporate Governance
  • agenda for Annual Shareholders meeting
  • initiatives in the area of CSR

In the course of 2019, there were no incidences within the Board of Directors which led to the application of the conflict of interest procedure as set out in Article 7:96 of the Belgian Companies and Associations Code.

5.3.2 Audit Committee

The Audit Committee consists of two independent directors and one non-executive director. The two independent directors are Lema NV, represented by its permanent representative Michel Moortgat (Chairman) and Benoit Graulich BV, represented by its permanent representative Benoit Graulich. The non-executive director is Vasticom BV, represented by its permanent representative Jan Vander Stichele. All members have accounting and audit experience.

The Audit Committee met three times in 2019 and all members were present at all meetings. The Auditor participated in all three meetings, at which he presented his findings to the Audit Committee.

The subjects examined were:

  • risk management
  • discussion of report and internal controls / recommendations of the Statutory Auditor
  • discussion of annual and interim results
  • future applications IFRS 16

5.3.3 Remuneration and Nomination Committee

The Remuneration and Nomination Committee consists of two independent directors and one non-executive director. The independent directors are Sabine Sagaert BV, represented by its permanent representative Sabine Sagaert (Chairman) and Benoit Graulich BV, represented by its permanent representative Benoit Graulich. The non-executive director is Vasticom BV, represented by its permanent representative Jan Vander Stichele. All members have both HR management and remuneration policy experience. The Committee met twice in 2019, with all members present.

The subjects examined were:

  • remuneration Executive Committee
  • remuneration policy and its application
  • impact new Belgian Companies and Associations Code and Corporate Governance Code 2020

5.3.4 Evaluation of the Board of Directors and its Committees

The operation of the Board of Directors and of the Committees is evaluated every three years. The evaluation of the effectiveness of the Board of Directors is undertaken by the Board itself under the leadership of its Chairman. This evaluation covers the size of the Board, the general functioning of the Board of Directors, the way meetings are prepared, the contribution of each individual director to the work of the Board, the presence and involvement of each individual director at meetings and decision-making, the composition of the Board of Directors and the interaction with the Executive Committee.

This assessment makes it possible to constantly optimise the management of Lotus Bakeries. Where appropriate, based on this review, and eventually in consultation with external experts, the Remuneration and Nomination Committee presents a report on the strengths and weaknesses of the Board of Directors and, where necessary, a proposal for the appointment of a new director or the non-prolongation of a directorship. The nonexecutive directors evaluate annually the interaction of the Board of Directors and the Executive Committee and when appropriate, submit proposals for improving cooperation. The CEO and the Remuneration and Nomination Committee also together evaluate annually the operation and performance of the Executive Committee. The CEO is not present at his own evaluation.

5.4 Executive Committee

Composition of the Executive Committee:

  • Jan Boone, permanent representative of Mercuur Consult BV, CEO
  • Isabelle Maes, permanent representative of Valseba BV, CEO Natural Foods
  • Mike Cuvelier, permanent representative of Cumaco BV, CFO
  • Ignace Heyman, COO
  • William Du Pré, Corporate Director Quality, Procurement and R&D

The members of the Executive Committee are appointed by the Remuneration and Nomination Committee. The Remuneration and Nomination Committee selects on the basis of knowledge, competencies, experience, background and skills and aims for diversity in these areas so as to have all knowledge in house to manage Lotus Bakeries with a team specialising in all relevant areas. Within the Executive Committee, there is currently a good balance between members with a financial background and members with a marketing and/or sales background. A good proportion of members with a long history in the company and members with a fresh view of matters is also ensured.

The Executive Committee met thirty-five times in 2019. All members were present at all meetings.

5.5 Remuneration report

5.5.1 Introduction

The purpose of the 2019 remuneration report is to provide transparent information about the specific remuneration policy adopted by Lotus Bakeries for directors and executive managers.

The remuneration report below will be submitted to the General Meeting of 8 May 2020 for approval. The works council has been informed in accordance with the provisions of the Act. The report has also been reviewed by the Auditor.

5.5.2 Procedure for defining remuneration policy and remuneration

5.5.2.1 Directors

The Remuneration and Nomination Committee set up by the Board of Directors makes specific recommendations to the Board of Directors with regard to remuneration policy and its application to executive and non-executive directors.

The current remuneration policy for directors was approved by the General Meeting of 13 May 2011, based on a proposal by the Board of Directors, on the advice of the Remuneration and Nomination Committee. Directors' remuneration is benchmarked every two years against a relevant sample of other listed companies to enable Lotus Bakeries to attract directors with appropriate competences in order to realise its ambitions.

5.5.2.2 Executive managers

For the purpose of determining who falls into the category of 'executive managers' according to the Act of 6 April 2010 to strengthen corporate governance, Lotus Bakeries considers the members of its Executive Committee as falling into this category. The Executive Committee is responsible for the management of the company.

The remuneration policy for members of the Executive Committee is set every two years by the Board of Directors based on a proposal by the Remuneration and Nomination Committee. Individual remuneration is reviewed annually.

For this Lotus Bakeries uses the services of an international HR consultancy firm, that assesses the functions and presents the corresponding salary package as commonly awarded in the relevant market. The consultant reports directly to the Remuneration and Nomination Committee and provides verbal explanations.

5.5.2.3 Senior managers

Remuneration policy for senior managers ('kaderleden') is set by the Executive Committee. This is then approved by the Remuneration and Nomination Committee. The services of an international HR consultancy are also called upon in this regard. They propose the job weighting and the corresponding salary package as commonly awarded in the relevant market.

5.5.3 Statement on remuneration policy applied in 2019

5.5.3.1 Non-executive and executive directors

Policy criteria

The non-executive directors receive a remuneration as indicated in the table on the opposite page, with no performance-based remuneration such as bonuses, stock-related long-term incentive schemes, fringe benefits or pension plan-related benefits.

Neither Lotus Bakeries nor its subsidiaries provide any personal loans, guarantees or the like to other members of the Board of Directors.

Besides the fee, all reasonable expenses of members of the Board of Directors incurred with the consent of the Chairman of the Board of Directors are reimbursed.

The provisions concerning the remuneration of non-executive directors apply equally to executive directors in their capacity as directors.

Lotus Bakeries aims at a competitive remuneration, based on a comparison of directors' remuneration in companies that are comparable in terms of size, complexity and international activity.

Directors' remuneration is benchmarked every two years against a relevant selection of listed companies, to enable Lotus Bakeries to attract directors with appropriate competences in order to realise its ambitions.

Remuneration

Members of the Board of Directors each receive EUR 20,000 a year. The Chairman receives EUR 40,000 a year. Each member of the Audit Committee and Remuneration and Nomination Committee receives a fee of EUR 5,000 a year.

No other compensation is provided to non-executive directors, such as performance bonuses in cash, shares or options. The table on the opposite page shows the remuneration awarded for 2019 to each member of the Board of Directors.

NAME BOARD OF
DIRECTORS
AUDIT
COMMITTEE
REMUNERATION
AND NOMINATION
COMMITTEE
TOTAL
REMUNERATION
2019
Vasticom BV, represented by its permanent representative Jan Vander Stichele Chairman Member Member 50,000 EUR
Mercuur Consult BV, represented by its permanent representative Jan Boone Managing Director - - 20,000 EUR
PMF NV, represented by its permanent representative Johan Boone Non-executive director - - 20,000 EUR
Anton Stevens Non-executive director - - 20,000 EUR
Beneconsult BV, represented by its permanent representative Benedikte Boone Non-executive director - - 20,000 EUR
Concellent NV, represented by its permanent representative Sofie Boone Non-executive director - - 20,000 EUR
Peter Bossaert Independent director - - 20,000 EUR
Benoit Graulich BV, represented by its permanent representative Benoit Graulich Independent director Member Member 30,000 EUR
Lema NV, represented by its permanent representative, Michel Moortgat Independent director Chairman - 25,000 EUR
Sabine Sagaert BV, represented by its permanent representative Sabine Sagaert Independent director - Chairman 25,000 EUR

The Chairman of the Board of Directors shall be provided with the necessary material resources to perform his task properly. The Chairman receives an additional compensation of EUR 100,000 for representing the company with respect to interest groups.

5.5.3.2 Executive managers

Policy criteria

The Remuneration and Nomination Committee makes specific recommendations to the Board of Directors on the remuneration of the members of the Executive Committee.

The level and structure of the remuneration of the Executive Committee must be such as to attract, retain and continually motivate qualified and skilled managers, taking into account the nature and scope of their individual responsibilities. To this end, a survey is carried out every two years of the remuneration of managers in Belgium in order to facilitate an external comparison of key functions. In order to ensure an internal logic between remuneration levels, in defining the remuneration for executive managers for each function, account is taken of the way the function is fulfilled at Lotus Bakeries.

In addition to their fixed remuneration, there is a variable compensation. For executive managers, this depends on the results of Lotus Bakeries, based on well-defined criteria with a one year evaluation period and evaluation periods of two and three years.

The evaluation criteria used to determine the variable compensation in 2019 are the main performance indicators based on the objectives for 2019. The evaluation period for this is one year.

Already since the financial year 2011, a long-term incentive plan is in place for executive managers with objectives set over 2 and 3-year periods. The criteria used are the objectives of the strategic plan of the Lotus Bakeries Group.

There is an additional pension plan, on the basis of a predetermined contribution. The plan is placed with an insurance company.

Apart from this, there is also a stock option plan in place with a fixed number of options for the members of the Executive Committee.

In principle shares which have been allotted or other forms of deferred compensation are not deemed to be acquired, and options may not be exercised during the first three and a half year after being allocated.

Recovery provisions

The bonus plan for executive management provides that the bonus is earned only after approval of the consolidated figures by the Auditor and then by the Remuneration and Nomination Committee.

5.5.4 Evaluation criteria for the performancebased remuneration of executive managers

The objectives for 2019 were presented to the Remuneration and Nomination Committee. The evaluation criteria used to determine the variable compensation in 2019 are the main performance indicators based on the objectives for 2019. The evaluation period for this is one year. The bonus plan for executive management provides that the bonus is earned only after approval of the consolidated figures by the Auditor and then by the Remuneration and Nomination Committee.

Objectives for the 2018-2020 period were decided upon and presented to the Remuneration and Nomination Committee for determining the long-term remuneration. The main performance indicators are taken from the strategic plan of the Lotus Bakeries Group.

5.5.5 CEO's remuneration in 2019

The CEO is paid on a self-employed basis and via a number of directorships. The remunerations mentioned are expressed as cost for the company.

The cost of the fixed basic salary in 2019 amounts to EUR 829,202. The variable portion based on the 2019 targets amounts to EUR 437,142 and will be paid in 2020. The deferred payment related to the 2017 – 2019 targets and the settlement of the long-term variable remuneration based on the 2017 – 2019 targets amounts to EUR 472,114 and will be paid in 2020. The contributions to the pension scheme amount to EUR 132,745. Other components of the remuneration amount to EUR 43,064. There is no recovery provision. Evaluation of the performance is based on the audited results.

5.5.6 Remuneration of executive managers in 2019 (excluding CEO)

In 2019, three members of the EXCO were paid on a self-employed basis and via directorships and one member through an employment contract. In the case of pay through an employment contract, the amounts given do not include social insurance contributions and in the case of pay on a self-employed basis, the full cost is given.

The remuneration for all executive managers together on a full year's basis, are the following for 2019.

The fixed annual salary in 2019 amounts to EUR 1,587,327. The variable portion based on the 2019 targets amounts to EUR 658,115 and will be paid in 2020. The deferred payment related to the 2017 – 2019 targets and the settlement of the long-term variable remuneration based on the 2017 – 2019 targets amounts to EUR 710,764 and will be paid in 2020. The contributions to the pension scheme amount to EUR 251,635. Other components of the remuneration amount to EUR 87,839. There is no recovery provision. Evaluation of the performance is based on the audited results.

5.5.7 Arrangements for the Executive Committee as a whole

The pension plan is based on defined contributions as a function of the annual base salary. The other compensation relates primarily to insured benefits such as guaranteed income and the cost of a company car. A share option plan also exists.

5.5.8 Share-based compensation

5.5.8.1 Allocations in 2019

In 2019, share options relating to the financial year 2018 were granted to members of the former Executive Committee.

NAME YEAR OF ALLOCATION NUMBER OF OPTIONS EXERCISE PRICE
Jan Boone 2019 255 eur 2,352
William Du Pré 2019 128 eur 2,352
Ignace Heyman 2019 128 eur 2,352
Isabelle Maes 2019 128 eur 2,352
Mike Cuvelier 2019 128 eur 2,352

5.5.8.2 Exercise of stock options and/or warrants in 2019

The members of the Executive Committee have exercised the following share options or warrants in 2019:

DATE NAME TRANSACTION AMOUNT PRICE TOT. VALUE
02/09/2019 William Du Pré Exerc. options 2 eur 1,243.57 eur 2,487.14
03/09/2019 William Du Pré Exerc. options 98 eur 1,243.57 eur 121,869.86
03/10/2019 Ignace Heyman Exerc. options 150 eur 1,243.57 eur 186,535.50

In 2019 there are no lapsed unexercised options relating to members of the Executive Committee.

5.5.9 Severance pay

Members of the Executive Committee compensated on a self-employed basis and via directorships are entitled to severance pay equal to 12 months' fixed and variable remuneration. The other member of the Executive Committee is bound by a salaried employee contract. In 2019 no severance pay was paid to members of the Executive Committee.

5.6 Internal code of conduct

Respect for and promotion of human rights and the fight against bribery and corruption are self-evident at Lotus Bakeries. It is no coincidence that the corporate culture of Lotus Bakeries is expressed in the TOP values 'team spirit', 'open dialogue' and 'passion'. The management of Lotus Bakeries emphasises these values based on respect for fellow human beings, transparency, togetherness and the purity of pleasure in our work. The focus lies on upholding these values in our own organisation. We also focus on the activities of our suppliers of raw materials and packaging materials and co-manufacturers.

Since 2012, Lotus Bakeries has summarised its internal code of conduct in the 'Code of Conduct', which is regularly reviewed in the light of changed circumstances. The Code of Conduct for our employees has been updated in 2019 and will be implemented in 2020.

The code of conduct sets out six key principles which must be respected by all employees of Lotus Bakeries at all times:

1. Transparency: Lotus Bakeries aims for accurate and clear communication with its customers, suppliers, consumers and business partners, and promotes open communications with all of its stakeholders to continue to guarantee top quality and food safety.

2. Respect for others: Lotus Bakeries aims to create a safe working environment and sets great store by integrity & respect for human rights of people in and outside the workplace together with respect for personal data.

3. Fair & compliant trade: Lotus Bakeries ensures fair competition, respect for export laws and regulations and prevention of insider trading.

4. Anti-corruption: Lotus Bakeries has a zero tolerance approach to bribery and corruption and has in place a clear procedure concerning conflicts of interest and accurate records, reporting and accounting.

5. Information security: Lotus Bakeries is committed to protecting its own confidential information and the confidential information of third parties.

6. Respect for the environment & responsible sourcing: Lotus Bakeries closely monitors the impact of its activities on the environment and constantly strives to reduce its ecological footprint.

These key principles ensure that each of our employees acts correctly and averts the risks run by a company such as Lotus Bakeries in the light of all market conditions.

The principles of the Lotus Bakeries Code of Conduct also apply to all of our suppliers of packaging, raw materials, equipment and end products. We expect these suppliers to implement the Code of Conduct for Suppliers and inform their employees, agents and subcontractors in a thorough and transparent manner.

5.7 Internal control and risk management

In running its business, Lotus Bakeries seeks to implement a sustainable policy regarding internal control and risk management.

5.7.1 Control environment

The organisation of the finance function is based on three pillars. First, the responsibilities of the various financial departments in the Lotus Bakeries Group are set out in general corporate guidelines ('General Directives') at Group level so that each employee clearly knows his or her role and responsibility. These are set out for all operational finance-related fields such as accounting and consolidation, management reporting, costing, planning, budgeting and forecasting processes, the central master data management, the treasury function, approval of investments, insurance and the internal control environment.

Second, there is a Lotus Bakeries Accounting Manual which establishes the accounting policies and procedures. There are also financial management reporting standards to ensure that the financial information can be interpreted unambiguously in the whole organisation.

Thirdly, Lotus Bakeries has opted to implement the financial function in the same ERP package (SAP). This offers comprehensive capabilities for internal control and management and facilitates the internal audits carried out by the Corporate Finance department.

5.7.2 Risk management process

Lotus Bakeries implemented an ongoing process of risk management aimed at ensuring that this is organised so that risks are identified, assessed, controlled and monitored in such a way that they can be kept at an acceptable level. The risk management process fits very closely with the implementation of the strategic, operational and financial objectives of the company. The entire risk management process is based on the COSO Internal Control Framework. The Executive Committee has total responsibility for the risk management process for Lotus Bakeries. The Corporate Director Quality, Procurement and R&D is responsible for coordination.

The Executive Committee has defined special risks which are considered to be the most important at group level. These risks, which are defined very specifically, are tackled with the highest priority. A process owner is appointed for each of these risks who puts in place a specific action plan to avert or mitigate the risks or be as well prepared as possible. The process owner is also responsible for following up the specified actions. This top-down approach was proposed and approved at the meeting of the Audit Committee on 2 December 2016. The results will be reported to the Audit Committee on an annual basis.

5.7.3 Control activities

Each month the results of each area within the business units are discussed and explained by the area manager. The Executive Committee also discusses the results on a monthly basis at its meeting. The Corporate Finance department directs the whole process. For this Lotus Bakeries has developed various KPIs for the sales operations, for the financial reporting of each area and for the consolidated results. There are also KPIs relating to personnel and for factory operations, purchasing and logistics. These KPIs and reports exist for each area separately and are aggregated for the Lotus Bakeries Group. The Corporate Treasury department monitors the cash position closely on a daily basis.

Finally, various internal audits are organised by the corporate departments in their areas of expertise: Corporate Finance for proper compliance with accounting principles and standards or the investment procedure, Corporate Treasury for the authorisation of payments, the Corporate Quality department for quality standards in the production plants.

5.7.4 Information and communication

Lotus Bakeries has chosen to manage all key business processes through a single ERP package (SAP). This not only offers extensive functionality with regard to internal reporting and communication, but also the ability to manage and audit access rights and authorisation management on a centralised basis.

As mentioned above, the results of each area within the business units are reported in writing on a monthly basis and discussed and explained verbally by the area manager. The Executive Committee also discusses the results on a monthly basis at its meeting. The Corporate Finance department directs the information and communication process. For both internal and external information reporting and communication there exists an annual financial calendar in which all reporting dates are set out and which is communicated to all parties involved.

For the provision of information Lotus Bakeries has developed various KPIs for its sales operations, for the financial reporting, as well as KPIs relating to personnel, factory operations, purchasing and logistics. These reports are available on an individual basis, but also aggregated at area or group level.

5.7.5 Control

Lotus Bakeries evaluates every internal audit and takes appropriate steps to avoid any deficiencies in the future by means of concrete action points.

Employees are asked to constantly question and improve existing procedures and practices based on the Lotus competencies.

First and foremost both the Audit Committee and the Auditor play an important role in internal control and risk management. Any remarks by the Auditor are discussed in the Audit Committee and monitored for improvement.

Finally, the shareholders have a right to ask questions during the General Meeting, and the company falls under the supervision of the Financial Services and Markets Authority (FSMA)

5.8 Announcements according to article 34 of the Royal Decree of 14 November 2007 —protective constructions

    1. The Board of Directors of Lotus Bakeries NV is authorised by the Extraordinary General Meeting of Shareholders of 15 May 2018, in the event of a public takeover bid on the shares of the company, and by application of the authorised capital, to increase the capital of the company under the conditions of Article 7:2020 of the Belgian Companies and Associations Code. This authorisation was granted for a period of three years from 15 May 2018.
    1. By resolution of the Extraordinary General Meeting of Shareholders of 15 May 2018 the Board of Directors is authorised, in accordance with the provisions of Article 7:215 of the Belgian Companies and Associations Code, to acquire shares in the company for the account of the same, whenever such acquisition is necessary to prevent the company from suffering serious and imminent disadvantage. This authorisation is granted for a period of three years from 15 May 2018 and is renewable.

5.9 External audit

PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren BV, represented by Mrs. Lien Winne, 'bedrijfsrevisor', was appointed as Auditor of Lotus Bakeries NV on 10 May 2019 by the Ordinary General Meeting for a term of three years. Its mandate expires immediately after the Ordinary General Meeting of 2022. The compensation received in 2019 for auditing and non-auditing services by PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren and by people connected to PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren, is described in note 38 of the financial supplement.

Total 401
Lotus Bakeries Group 317
Lotus Bakeries NV 84
AUDIT FEE FOR THE GROUP AUDIT 2019 IN THOUSANDS OF EUR

Powered by its unique taste, Lotus Biscoff is travelling the world, conquering such large consumer markets as the UK and the US.

Document to which our report dated 07/04/2020 also refers.

Initials for identification purposes

PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren - PwC Réviseurs d'Entreprises.

STOCK MARKET AND SHAREHOLDERS' INFORMATION CHAPTER 3

Evolution of the Lotus Bakeries share in comparison to the BASR-index

Both share evolutions are with reinvested net dividend.

STOCK DATA ABOUT THE LOTUS BAKERIES SHARE IN EUR 31-03-2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
Highest price till 31/12 (till 31/03 in 2020) 3,090.00 2,680.00 2,690.00 2,529.00 2,617.95 1,845.00
Lowest price till 31/12 (till 31/03 in 2020) 2,500.00 2,080.00 2,010.00 2,025.00 1,550.00 926.10
Price per 31/12 (per 31/03 in 2020) 2,790.00 2,590.00 2,150.00 2,116.95 2,500.00 1,750.00
Market capitalisation per 31/12 in millions of EUR (per 31/03 in 2020 in millions of EUR) 2,276.68 2,113.47 1,753.83 1,724.11 2,031.28 1,420.76
Number of shares per 31/12 (per 31/03 in 2020) 816,013 816,013 815,733 814,433 812,513 811,863
Ratio price/earnings (PER) (1) per 31/12 (per 31/03 in 2020) 30.39 28.21 26.21 27.13 33.17 31.29

(1) PER: Price Earnings Ratio: The price at the end of the year (per 31 March in 2020 respectively) divided by net result, per share at the end of the year.

1. Stock market listing

The Lotus Bakeries shares have been listed since the beginning of January 2002 on the continuous market of Euronext (Brussels). Previously, the shares were listed on the spot market with double fixing. The share code is LOTB (ISIN code 0003604155).

2. Financial service

Financial servicing for the Lotus Bakeries share is provided by Degroof - Petercam, BNP Paribas Fortis, Belfius, ING Bank and KBC Bank. The main paying agent is BNP Paribas Fortis.

3. Liquidity and visibility of the share

Lotus Bakeries has appointed the stock market company Degroof - Petercam as 'liquidity provider'. The liquidity and market activation agreement that was agreed with Degroof - Petercam lies within the context of the care taken by Lotus Bakeries to ensure a sufficiently active market in the share so that in normal circumstances adequate liquidity can be maintained.

4. Market capitalisation

On 31 December 2019, market capitalisation of Lotus Bakeries amounted to EUR 2,113.47 million.

5. Evolution of the Lotus Bakeries share

The graph on the previous page shows the evolution of the share price with reinvested net dividend as from 31 December 1988 of the Lotus Bakeries share in comparison to the BASR (Brussels All Share Return) index. The BASR-index reflects the price of the total Belgian market.

6. Stock data on the Lotus Bakeries share

Charts with the consolidated key figures per share and the stock market performance of the Lotus Bakeries share can be found on pages 12 – 15 and 104 of this annual report.

7. Corporate website

A substantial portion of the corporate website is reserved for investor relations. The website (www.lotusbakeries.com) thus plays an increasingly important role in the Lotus Bakeries Group's financial communication.

8. Financial calendar

Wednesday 8 April 2020

Annual Report 2019 available on www.lotusbakeries.com Friday 8 May 2020 Ordinary and Extraordinary General Meeting of Shareholders at 4.30 PM Friday 22 May 2020 Payment of dividend for the 2019 financial year

Friday 14 August 2020 Announcement of the half-year results for 2020 Monday 8 February 2020

Announcement of the year results for 2020

9. Annual report

This annual report is also available on the corporate website of Lotus Bakeries: www.lotusbakeries.com. The first part of this annual report, as well as the financial supplement (the second part) is available in Dutch and in English. In matters of any misinterpretation, the Dutch annual report will prevail.

Lotus Bakeries is setting up its FF2032 incubator fund, creating a platform to help young companies achieve their growth plans quicker and at the same time to be inspired by the entrepreneurship, speed and innovations of these companies, in the hope that they will have an accelerating and beneficial effect on Lotus Bakeries' growth ambitions.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CHAPTER 4

In this section of the 2019 annual report, only the consolidated balance sheet, the consolidated income statement and the abridged five-year financial summary for the Lotus Bakeries Group are presented. The financial supplement to this annual report contains the entire consolidated annual account, including the consolidated external Auditor's report, and is available in Dutch and English.

The consolidated financial statements for 2019 shown, are based on the 2019 consolidated annual account, which has been prepared in accordance with IFRS rules as adopted for use within the European Union with comparative IFRS figures for 2018.

The statutory financial statements that have been condensed are presented in the financial supplement and are prepared in accordance with Belgian accounting standards (BGAAP).

Only the consolidated annual financial statements present a faithful picture of the assets, financial position and results of the Lotus Bakeries Group.

In light of the fact that the statutory annual financial statements give only a limited picture of the financial situation of the Group, the Board of Directors considers it appropriate to only present an abridged version of the statutory annual financial statements of Lotus Bakeries NV, in accordance with Article 3:17 of the Belgian Companies and Associations Code.

The full statutory annual financial statements, together with the statutory annual report of the Board of Directors and the statutory audit report of the Auditor, will be submitted to the National Bank of Belgium within the legally prescribed term. These documents are available on the website www.lotusbakeries.com (Investor Relations) or can be obtained for free from the Corporate Secretary of Lotus Bakeries on simple request.

The Auditor has issued an opinion without reservation with respect to the consolidated and the statutory annual financial statements of Lotus Bakeries NV.

Index

Consolidated financial statements 109
- Consolidated balance sheet 109
- Consolidated income statement 110

Abridged five-year financial summary Lotus Bakeries Group. . 112

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 31-12-2019 31-12-2018
ASSETS
NON CURRENT ASSETS 641,122 545,647
Property, plant and equipment 263,793 219,897
Goodwill 229,365 177,639
Intangible assets 142,709 138,887
Participating interests - 2,448
Investment in other companies 2,243 12
Deferred tax assets 2,505 3,936
Other non-current assets 507 2,828
CURRENT ASSETS 171,507 165,925
Inventories 44,461 39,066
Trade receivables 79,072 71,097
VAT receivables 5,280 4,503
Income tax receivables 1,075 523
Other amounts receivable 172 2,993
Cash and cash equivalents 40,093 45,597
Deferred charges and accrued income 1,354 2,146
TOTAL ASSETS 812,629 711,572
IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 31-12-2019 31-12-2018
EQUITY
EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 402,477 346,927
Share Capital 16,388 16,319
Retained earnings 422,724 369,114
Treasury shares (15,866) (11,406)
Other reserves (20,848) (27,156)
Non-controlling interests 79 56
NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES 239,584 198,042
Interest-bearing liabilities 158,010 116,500
Deferred tax liabilities 50,737 52,725
Pension liabilities 3,712 3,519
Provisions 285 377
Derivative financial instruments 2,340 2,319
Other non-current liabilities 24,500 22,602
CURRENT LIABILITIES 170,568 166,603
Interest-bearing liabilities 36,579 36,655
Pension liabilities 325 234
Provisions 21 21
Trade payables 88,716 86,794
Employee benefit expenses and social security 24,146 21,330
VAT payables 254 300
Tax payables 11,630 14,761
Other current liabilities 5,240 3,102
Accrued charges and deferred income 3,657 3,406
TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 812,629 711,572

CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 2019 2018
TURNOVER 612,737 556,435
Raw materials, consumables and goods for resale (197,799) (184,804)
Services and other goods (168,966) (150,732)
Employee benefit expense (123,493) (111,977)
Depreciation and amortisation on intangible and tangible assets (17,754) (12,942)
Impairment on inventories, contracts in progress and trade debtors (2,135) (1,706)
Other operating charges (3,254) (2,123)
Other operating income 3,555 2,879
RECURRENT OPERATING RESULT (REBIT)(1) 102,891 95,030
Non-recurrent operating result (2,292) (3,005)
OPERATING RESULT (EBIT) (2) 100,599 92,025
Financial result (2,514) (3,324)
Interest income (cost) (4,460) (2,435)
Currency gains (loss) 2,232 (596)
Other financial income (cost) (285) (293)
PROFIT FOR THE YEAR BEFORE TAXES 98,086 88,701
Taxes (22,317) (20,829)
RESULT AFTER TAXES 75,769 67,872
NET RESULT 75,769 67,872
Attributable to:
Non-controlling interests 857 964
Equity holders of Lotus Bakeries 74,912 66,908

(1) REBIT is defined as the recurrent trading result, consisting of all the proceeds and costs relating to normal business.

(2) EBIT is defined as recurrent operating result + non-recurrent operating result.

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 2019 2018
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Items that may be subsequently reclassified to profit and loss 7,417 (1,726)
Currency translation differences 7,929 (587)
Gain/(Loss) on cash flow hedges, net of tax (512) (1,139)
Items that will not be reclassified to profit and loss (124) 276
Remeasurement gains/(losses) on defined benefit plans (124) 276
Other comprehensive income 7,293 (1,450)
Total comprehensive income 83,062 66,422
attributable to:
Non-controlling interests 1,842 793
Equity holders of Lotus Bakeries 81,220 65,629
EARNINGS PER SHARE (EUR)
Weighted average number of shares 807,476 803,878
Basic earnings per share (EUR) — attributable to:
Non-controlling interests 1.06 1.20
Equity holders of Lotus Bakeries 92.77 83.23
Weighted average number of shares after effect of dilution 809,848 808,813
Diluted earnings per share (EUR) — attributable to:
Non-controlling interests 1.06 1.19
Equity holders of Lotus Bakeries 92.50 82.72
Total number of shares (1) 816,013 815,733
Earnings per share (EUR) — attributable to:
Non-controlling interests 1.05 1.18
Equity holders of Lotus Bakeries 91.80 82.02

(1) Total number of shares including treasury shares, per 31 December.

FIVE YEAR FINANCIAL SUMMARY

Consolidated balance sheet

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 31-12-2019 31-12-2018 31-12-2017 31-12-2016 31-12-2015
NON CURRENT ASSETS 641,122 545,647 447,693 437,310 442,884
Property, plant and equipment 263,793 219,897 174,426 161,590 139,377
Goodwill 229,365 177,639 141,001 144,368 93,229
Intangible assets 142,709 138,887 123,924 126,006 107,901
Participating interests - 2,488 - - -
Investment in other companies 2,243 12 12 37 96,244
Deferred tax assets 2,505 3,936 4,310 4,854 5,889
Other non-current assets 507 2,828 4,020 455 244
CURRENT ASSETS 171,507 165,925 149,801 110,692 128,337
Inventories 44,461 39,066 33,653 32,175 35,659
Trade receivables 79,072 71,097 60,104 50,922 56,143
Cash and cash equivalents 40,093 45,597 48,129 19,932 18,547
TOTAL ASSETS 812,629 711,572 597,494 548,002 571,221
EQUITY 402,477 346,927 293,213 248,464 217,525
Non-current liabilities 239,584 198,042 193,923 197,245 169,242
Interest-bearing liabilities 158,010 116,500 117,500 118,500 97,000
Deferred tax liabilities 50,737 52,725 49,206 50,666 44,607
Other non-current liabilities 24,500 22,602 20,987 19,560 22,815
Current liabilities 170,568 166,603 110,358 102,293 184,454
Interest-bearing liabilities 36,579 36,655 1,750 7,533 99,086
Trade payables 88,716 86,794 68,542 54,742 42,498
Employee benefit expenses and social security 24,146 21,330 18,383 18,418 18,336
TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 812,629 711,572 597,494 548,002 571,221

Consolidated income statement

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
TURNOVER 612,737 556,435 524,055 507,208 411,576
RECURRENT OPERATING RESULT (REBIT) 102,891 95,030 89,349 83,945 64,764
Non-recurrent operating result (2,292) (3,005) (91) 4,507 (1,748)
OPERATING RESULT (EBIT) 100,599 92,025 89,258 88,452 63,016
Financial result (2,514) (3,324) (2,228) (2,675) (778)
PROFIT FOR THE YEAR BEFORE TAXES 98,086 88,701 87,030 85,777 62,238
Taxes (22,317) (20,829) (22,397) (23,322) (16,623)
RESULT AFTER TAXES 75,769 67,872 64,633 62,455 45,615
NET RESULT — attributable to: 75,769 67,872 64,633 62,455 45,615
Non-controlling interests 857 964 1,094 1,210 202
Equity holders of Lotus Bakeries 74,912 66,908 63,539 61,245 45,413

Following its success in the UK, BEAR is now going international with the integration of the BEAR factory in South Africa and key listings, among other countries, in the US and Europe.

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY CHAPTER 5

It was not by chance that founder Jan Boone named his company Lotus in 1932. It was a reference to the purity of the lotus flower. Right from the start, the recipe for Lotus Biscoff has consisted solely (and exclusively) of natural ingredients. We still respect his decision today.

Our objective is to make Lotus Bakeries products more and more sustainable. This ambition involves much more than just the production process. People, environment and society - we treat them all with care and respect. So that we remain successful as a company, today and tomorrow. And consumers can continue to enjoy our products.

THE STARTING POINT: THE MATERIALITY MATRIX

Lotus Bakeries' approach to Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is reflected in our sustainability programme 'Care for Today — Respect for Tomorrow'.

To ensure that the outside world was sufficiently represented in our Corporate Social Responsibility policy (CSR), we carried out a materiality analysis. For this, we identified several issues that are important to our stakeholders as well as the company.

Using a questionnaire, partly based on the themes of our sustainability programme 'Care for Today — Respect for Tomorrow' and inspired by the latest trend analyses in CSR, we gauged the relevance and importance of these issues. Besides the stakeholders, we also submitted the questionnaire to the Executive Committee (EXCO).

We plotted the stakeholders' answers on the y-axis theme by theme and the Executive Committee's answers on the x-axis. The result of the exercise is known as the 'materiality matrix'. materiality matrix. very low

This materiality matrix was updated by both external stakeholders and the EXCO in 2019. You can see the result of this update in the At the top right, the materiality matrix shows the aspects viewed by both Lotus Bakeries and its stakeholders as most important. These underlie the four pillars of sustainability which form the basis for the 'Care for Today — Respect for Tomorrow' programme: society, employees, people and environment.

Lotus Bakeries has decided to report on its sustainability programme according to the sustainable development goals (SDG reporting) proposed by the United Nations.

Our 4 pillars of sustainability

Society

Lotus Bakeries has a role to play in society. We are only too happy to assume our responsibilities, time and time again.

Employees Every employee deserves our respect. After all, it is thanks to the motivation and commitment of our employees that we make a difference.

People Our aim is to ensure in a responsible way that consumers can enjoy products produced by us in a sustainable manner.

Document to which our report dated

07/04/2020 also refers.

Environment Because all of our ingredients come from nature, we like to give something back.

OUR SUSTAINABILITY PROGRAMME IN PRACTICE

01. WE PLAY OUR PART IN SOCIETY

Lotus Bakeries is in the midst of society and we are fully aware of our social responsibility. Under the first CSR pillar, we enthusiastically take on this role.

It all begins with our own ethical business practices. In addition, we support community projects. At local level, naturally, where we are present through our plants and sales organisations, but we also support social and development projects internationally.

Ethical business practices

Lotus Bakeries Code of Conduct

Lotus Bakeries is committed to act with integrity, honesty, fairness and in full compliance with applicable laws, rules and regulations at all times. It has developed a Code of Conduct which sets out six key principles which must be respected by all employees of Lotus Bakeries at all times:

1. Transparency: Lotus Bakeries aims for accurate, clear communication with its customers, suppliers, consumers and business partners and promotes open communications with all of its stakeholders to continue to guarantee top quality and food safety.

2. Respect for others: Lotus Bakeries aims to create a safe working environment and attaches great importance to integrity & respect for human rights of people in and outside the workplace together with respect for personal data.

3. Fair & compliant trade: Lotus Bakeries ensures fair competition, respect for export laws and regulations and prevention of insider trading.

4. Anti-corruption: Lotus Bakeries has a zero tolerance approach to bribery and corruption and has in place a clear procedure concerning conflicts of interest and accurate records, reporting and accounting.

5. Information security: Lotus Bakeries is committed to protect its own confidential information and the confidential information of third parties.

6. Respect for the environment & responsible sourcing: Lotus Bakeries closely monitors the impact of its activities on the environment and constantly strives to reduce its ecological footprint.

Reputation takes years to build, but only a second to lose. Trust in our company makes consumers want to buy our products, retailers to list our products, investors to value and hold our stock and talented people to join our Lotus community. We cannot risk the long-term success of our company due to anyone's failure to comply with our way of doing business.

Jan Boone, CEO

These key principles ensure that each of our employees acts correctly and averts the risks to which Lotus Bakeries is exposed in the market. The Code of Conduct for our employees was updated in 2019 and will be rolled out in 2020.

Responsibilities

Each employee of Lotus Bakeries has a responsibility to use good judgement and follow the principles set out in the Code of Conduct. Responsibility for the implementation of the Code of Conduct lies with the Compliance Officer, assisted by the HR department.

Training & implementation

The following steps will be taken with regard to the revised Lotus Bakeries Code of Conduct:

  • The Code of Conduct will be translated into the local languages of those countries in which Lotus Bakeries has a sales office or factory.
  • The Code of Conduct is included in the onboarding pack for new employees and explained verbally by the Compliance department during the onboarding programme.
  • All existing employees of Lotus Bakeries are also asked to sign up to the Code of Conduct.

Whistleblowing

All employees of Lotus Bakeries are encouraged to report concerns around the Code of Conduct to the Compliance Officer. Lotus Bakeries also prohibits retaliation against any person who reports issues in good faith and commits to investigate any such reported issues. Lotus Bakeries will take corrective action if warranted by the situation. Failure to comply with the Code may result in disciplinary or legal action.

Reporting

The Compliance Officer will report to the Board of Directors anonymously on an annual basis on the enforcement of the Code. The report will cover any breaches or concerns expressed, which will also be formulated into action points to avoid a repetition.

KPIs

Lotus Bakeries aims to have all of its existing and new employees sign up to the revised Code of Conduct by the end of 2020 and to inform all employees of their obligations under the Code of Conduct in a clear and transparent manner.

Code of Conduct for Suppliers

The principles of the Lotus Bakeries Code of Conduct also apply to all of our suppliers of packaging, raw materials, equipment and end products. We expect these suppliers to implement the Code of Conduct for Suppliers and inform their employees, agents and subcontractors in a thorough and transparent manner.

Responsibilities

The purchasing department is responsible for the implementation of the Code of Conduct for Suppliers, supported where necessary by Legal & Compliance.

Implementation

The Code of Conduct for Suppliers is implemented as follows:

  • The Code of Conduct for Suppliers is provided in the language of the contract.
  • Existing suppliers of packaging, raw materials, equipment and end products will be asked to sign the Code of Conduct separately.
  • For new suppliers of packaging, raw materials, equipment and end products, the Code of Conduct is added to the contract.

Whistleblowing

Suppliers are asked to express any concerns to their contact person at Lotus Bakeries.

Monitoring

The Code of Conduct for Suppliers contains an obligation for the supplier to provide documentation based on which Lotus Bakeries can verify compliance with the Code of Conduct.

Lotus Bakeries already conducts audits of its suppliers, focused primarily on quality and food safety. It is examining how it can monitor the correct enforcement by the suppliers of other principles from the Rules of Conduct and integrate them into existing audits, where possible.

Lotus Bakeries expects suppliers to take any requisite mitigating actions as a consequence of any gaps identified.

KPIs

Lotus Bakeries aims to have the Code of Conduct for Suppliers signed by all of its suppliers of packaging, raw materials, equipment and end products by the end of 2020.

LOTUS BAKERIES FOUNDATION FOR EDUCATION

Mission: Lotus Bakeries aims to make a substantial contribution to carefully selected educational projects focussing on providing quality education to disadvantaged children and young people.

Lotus Bakeries is a family business, to which family values have been central since its foundation in 1932. "Care for one another" is in our company's DNA. In the workplace and beyond.

At Lotus Bakeries, we help ensure the wellbeing of others by offering support for education. The reason is simple: education is the key to breaking the vicious circle of poverty.

Any one who has access to quality education can learn a profession and thus also gain access to the labour market, earn an income and support a family, share knowledge and develop further.

It is no coincidence that education is a universal human right, to which every child has a right. Education offers a future and helps the child grow into an independent and self-sufficient person. A person who can make a contribution to the economy. Education is therefore the key to success for the child and society.

Our principles are clear:

  • We want to give disadvantaged children and young people in various regions access to high quality education.
  • We do this by supporting projects focusing on primary and secondary education, as well as technical skills and extracurricular cultural or sports activities.
  • We select a few projects to which we can made a substantial contribution.

Founder of the Kusasa school, Doug Gurr, welcomes Jan Boone, CEO Lotus Bakeries.

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The Lotus Bakeries Foundation for Education supports the following 4 projects:

The Kusasa Project is not just a project, it's a belief. It gets you exactly where it matters most. Everyone has the right to dream big and believe in those dreams. It's fantastic that we can be part of this for them.

Annelies van Hoorick, Global Brand Manager Nākd, TREK & Kiddylicious

The children form the Kusasa school start the day together

Kusasa school

Since 2018, Lotus Bakeries has been the main sponsor of the Kusasa school. The Kusasa school is an educational project in South Africa's Western Cape Province that is close to our company's heart.

The Kusasa school was founded in 2006 to address the systemic deficiencies in the areas of education, nutrition and sport for disadvantaged children. One of the greatest contributors to the recurring cycle of poverty is the lack of access to primary education in the region, precisely one of the most critical stages in education which has the greatest impact on future human development. The people behind Kusasa have built a new primary school and recruited highly skilled and passionate teachers to offer children from the shanty towns a high standard of education. The standard of education at the school is now as high as that of leading private schools in the region. It offers talented yet disadvantaged children a future.

Every year, around 130 children can receive a good basic education and are supported in their further development. As a result, they can look < forward to a better future, which is also good for society in the region.

Lotus Bakeries child sponsorship

This project was set up together with Cunina at the school in Reichenau, Underberg, South Africa. It was our wish to provide extra support in developing regions, especially in education. We wanted to increase the involvement of our employees. In 2017, the employees of Lotus Bakeries Corporate were given the opportunity to become godparents. All sponsored children are offered education from the first year of primary education to the final year of secondary education. This means a long-term commitment for 12 years. The Lotus employees involved will communicate with the children they sponsor several times a year, receive their photo and school report and follow their development. In this way, a personal bond can be developed. We chose a school in South Africa, due to the link with the manufacture of our BEAR products there.

We are particularly proud that our employees responded positively to this project en masse when it was presented. They say that they are proud to be able to work for a company in which such an initiative is proposed and carried out. An individual sponsor cannot save all of the children in the world, but they can save the world of an individual child. We are therefore pleased with our decision - together with our colleagues from the corporate departments - to give about a hundred children access to a decent education, giving them the chance of a better future.

It's always a great moment when you receive mail from the child you sponsor! It's fantastic to build a personal connection by exchanging letters, reports and drawings by the children themselves. That's what makes Cunina truly unique and more than worth supporting.

Brechtje Haan, General Counsel

TAJO

The 2018 Ghent Poverty Report states that 23% of children in Ghent (Belgium) are born in poverty and that 20% of young people in Ghent leave secondary education without a school-leaving certificate.

Via its support for the Ghent Talent Workshop for young people ('TAJO'), Lotus Bakeries is offering socially vulnerable young people in the Ghent region new opportunities and stimulating their motivation to study. Via interactive workshops these young people get immersed in a wide range of fields. Our aim here is to encourage them to choose the right direction, in education and in their further lives.

City Pirates

"Football as the engine, social commitment as the fuel, diversity as the strength!" — that's the motto of the City Pirates, a social football project in Antwerp (Belgium) where football is used to give young people a chance in life and to learn skills. Here again, education is at the heart of the project. Moreover, the fact that the social aspect goes hand in hand with the sport aspect was a key factor leading Lotus Bakeries to support this project. Via City Pirates, we would like to give deprived children in Antwerp a chance to obtain training, a diploma and a job.

Other social and development projects

Partner of 'Entrepreneurs for Entrepreneurs'

When Entrepreneurs for Entrepreneurs was founded almost two decades ago, Lotus Bakeries was one of its partners right from the start. After all, the mission of helping entrepreneurs in developing countries was a perfect fit for our family values. Today we are still actively involved as a key member of this not-for-profit organisation.

Promoting entrepreneurship in Benin

In the north of Benin, fonio is one of the staple food crops, which can be used in many ways. However, crops have been declining for several years. Via Entrepreneurs for Entrepreneurs and Louvain Coopération, Lotus Bakeries supports a project with the goal of ensuring continuous access all year round to healthy and nutritious food products for 8,000 families. For this, 850 microprojects have been set up and 3,300 families receive help to produce fonio.

Offering pleasant work in a challenging environment is our motto. Our employees' well-being and an inspirational corporate culture form the key objectives of our second pillar of sustainability. Lotus Bakeries is committed to sustainable growth so as to offer long-term employment.

Human capital

Recruitment policy

A key challenge for Lotus Bakeries is to attract competent employees who reflect the TOP values. When selecting new employees, the competencies of the applicant and the TOP corporate values are paramount. During the selection process, the applicants meet several Lotus Bakeries employees and undergo an external assessment adapted to the role for which they are applying. The aim is twofold: to create a broad platform for selecting the candidates with the best set of skills and competencies for the role in question and to give the candidates a better idea of the corporate values and culture. In this way, we believe that we can employ a diversified group of employees who all have the TOP values in common.

In addition, Lotus Bakeries has started its 'Young Graduate Programme', an intensive 2-year programme specifically targeting master or MBA students. For two years, these young graduates get immersed in one of our departments, not only gaining operational experience but also getting to know our company inside out. Moreover, they also get the opportunity to participate in a cross-departmental strategic project and can further develop their skills and knowledge through a Young Graduate training & development programme. Via this programme, we give opportunities to young talent.

Employees kick off the new year at the Lotus Bakeries New Year's reception.

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Our corporate values are TOP

Team spirit: each link in the process is equally important, from marketing to production and packaging. It is essential to work as a well-oiled team. We work together every day to make Lotus Bakeries a success, in an inspiring working environment.

Open dialogue: a listening, open attitude, proactive communication and respectful feedback are priorities in dealings with and between employees. This is put into practice via regular departmental meetings, use of internal communication platforms and promotion of two-way communication between employees.

Passion: our employees' dedication and commitment are evident on a daily basis in the workplace. In their justified pride in our products and our company. Investing in our employees benefits the whole company.

Diversity policy

Lotus Bakeries does not apply any quotas based on gender, age, nationality, language or any other factor. We recruit each candidate using the same process as described above, subject to internal and external assessments of competencies, skills and values, regardless of origin, age, gender and nationality. We find that Lotus Bakeries' objective recruitment policy results in excellent gender diversity, with 53% female and 47% male employees.Even if we break this down further, results remain nicely balanced:

Board of Directors 30% female, 70% male
Leadership team1 40% female, 60% male
Management team total2 41% female, 59% male

Lotus Bakeries considers it important to encourage diversity, whether with regard to gender or age and experience.

Onboarding

Once on board, Lotus Bakeries aims for thorough onboarding, in which new Lotus employees are immersed in our company, our products, our brands and our culture. Special induction days are organised for new employees. In the case of acquisitions too, we ensure that employees integrate well into the Lotus Bakeries Group.

Continuous development of human capital

Once they are on board, it is a question of retaining these engaged and motivated TOP talents in the company so that the know-how these employees have acquired is not lost. Here, the focus lies on the further development of our employees, offering training opportunities and constant challenge.

Safety first in the workplace

Another challenge especially in the production environment of Lotus Bakeries is the safety and well-being of employees. 'Safety first' is always top of the agenda.

Safety procedures and trainings

Our employees' well-being depends first and foremost on a safe working environment. An accident can happen any time, and a moment's carelessness can have serious consequences on a production floor. In that respect, various procedures apply concerning a safe working environment.

Above all, workplace safety is an integral part of the onboarding programmes of all factory workers. All employees take part in the annual refreshment of their HACCP training.

In addition, 'safety first' is always top of the agenda at work meetings. Our employees and managers discuss safety situations on a daily basis and we are committed to bringing about improvements across the board. One good example is the VAM (VeiligheidsActieMoment/Safety Action Moment) process in Lembeke, in which a new safety topic is spotlighted every six weeks. Everyone gets involved with the topic via personal videos, flyers, posters and, above all, many discussions, helping our employees to learn the safety reflex.

(1) The group made up of the Executive Committee, the General Managers, Managing Directors and Corporate Heads

(2) The group made up of the Executive Committee, the General Managers, Managing Directors, Corporate Heads and all other managers within the Group

Status 2019 and KPIs

In 2019, 45 lost-time accidents occurred within the Lotus Bakeries Group (all locations). This is a decrease compared to last year, despite the fact that two new factories were opened in 2019 with more than 350 new employees. Nevertheless, Lotus Bakeries is well aware that further attention needs to be paid to safety to reduce the number of work-related accidents and, as far as possible, to avoid them.

Lotus Bakeries emphasises that no work-related accident can been classified as serious.

We intend to keep up our extra efforts to bring about a further improvement in results in future. Each year, Lotus Bakeries strives for a zero-accident year in all its locations.

The fact that some departments and even some factories have kept the counter at zero for several years strengthens our assurance that we must continue our efforts just as strongly to achieve our ultimate goal: 'zero' occupational accidents across all Group sites.

Arbovignet for Lotus Bakeries Netherlands

The Dutch Working Conditions Act, known as the Arbowet for short, contains rules for promoting the health, safety and well-being of employees and preventing occupational accidents. The Dutch Association for the Baking and Confectionary Industry (VBZ) has developed an "Arbovignet" or occupational health and safety label for the industry. Both the plant in Enkhuizen and the plant in Geldrop have proved that they can meet the high quality standards and have been awarded the label again in 2019.

Make work pleasant for our employees

Pleasant working environment

Lotus Bakeries aims to offer a pleasant working environment with a variety of facilities such as desks to encourage working standing up, showers so that employees can easily cycle to work, sufficient expanses of glass to create light and airy offices.

Among others, the offices in Lembeke (BE) and Enkhuizen (NL) have been fully refurbished, with a great amount of attention paid to creating a pleasant work environment. Both office complexes became operational in 2019. In the same vein, our Kiddylicious team moved into its new building in Amersham (UK), with offices fully reflecting the look and feel of the Kiddylicious brand.

Healthy and fit for the day

Lotus Bakeries believes that paying attention to health and fitness benefits both the employee and the company. As a further example, all Lotus Headquarters employees have the opportunity since 2019 to participate in a weekly fitness hour.

Similar initiatives are also being discussed in other Lotus locations: possibilities to join a bicycle lease programme, company fitness subscriptions, weekly healthy lunches, boot camps, etc.

Ensuring that people enjoy our products to the full but responsibly, now and in the future. We are committed to this day after day as part of our third pillar of sustainability.

NUTRITIONAL POLICY

In this view Lotus Bakeries has a clear nutritional policy, focussing on five concrete goals.

1. Superior taste experience

Lotus Bakeries wants to offer its consumers tasty and high-quality snacks for all times of day. A key aspect here is a superior taste experience, whether in the range of cookies and cakes or of natural snacks. To achieve this, only high-quality ingredients are used, while production and supply chain processes are monitored from start to finish. Ensuring the quality, origin, composition and safety of our products is vital, and our R&D department has a key role to play here, developing products with a focus on continuously improving quality and taste.

2. Diversified offering

Lotus Bakeries is striving to be able to serve every consumer at every moment with a high-quality range of snacks, offering a portfolio of products with varying ingredients.

Through the acquisition of such brands as Nākd, TREK, BEAR and Urban Fruit, a new focus area of snacks based on fruit and nuts was tapped into. On the other hand, the takeover of Kiddylicious has extended our range to include snacks for little ones.

3. No artificial flavours or colours

Our pursuit of healthy and high-quality products is reflected in our choice not to use artificial flavours or colours in our products. Since its establishment in 1932, we as a company have deemed it important to use pure ingredients and to make consumers aware of this well-considered choice.

4. Different portion sizes

Our goal is to offer consumers responsible snacks, not just through our range of natural snacks, but also through a number of top products in both large and small packs. Products offered in small sizes always contain no more than 150 Kcal per portion.

5. Clear information & responsible marketing

To support consumers in their nutritional choices, we consider it important for them to be given accurate product information, including nutritional values.

In addition, Lotus Bakeries has a clear position with regard to responsible advertising to children.

Healthy lifestyle

Catch them young

Anyone who learns about healthy eating and a healthy lifestyle as a child will reap the rewards in later life. Based on this reasoning, our site at Geldrop in the Netherlands has teamed up with the JOGG organisation, which promotes a healthy weight among young people. We have also signed up to 'healthy school canteens' and, in partnership with JOGG, we offer healthy alternatives for breaktime with our Nākd, BEAR, Snelle Jelle and Peijnenburg Zero brands.

Product safety

Product safety programme

We work to achieve high-quality products and processes every day, accompanied by high levels of investment in research. Accordingly, our R&D department refines the composition of our products. In addition to their own expertise, they also rely on new insights into various ingredients from well-respected knowledge institutions and innovation platforms in the food industry. We learn a lot from one another too.

The Corporate Quality Assurance Department is responsible for monitoring the quality of our products. Every day, specialised in-house labs analyse samples of each product sold within the Lotus Bakeries Group, checking them against predetermined quality criteria. In addition, any quality problems are closely tracked via a corporate reporting tool.

Our Corporate Quality Assurance department is also responsible for constantly monitoring changes in the law and incorporating them in our Quality Management System (QMS). Among other aspects, the department ensures that there is clear information on packaging in accordance with the law, so that the consumer is well informed about our products and their ingredients. Suppliers and their products are also tested against the requirements that Lotus Bakeries imposes on them.

Internal and external Audits

To apply best practices as fast as possible in other plants, we work with a system of organised meetings. The continuous striving for high quality products and processes is being audited internally as well as externally.

Both our own production sites and our production partners and suppliers are required to obtain a GFSI (Global Food Safety Initiative) certificate. This can be either a BRC or an IFS certificate. Certification has to be regularly renewed. Continuous improvement is stimulated by the remarks or suggestions from these audits. A few (all small) suppliers who have not yet received this certification are subjected to an additional traceability exercise during our audit.

KPIs

All Lotus Bakeries production sites, as well as all external sites producing Lotus Bakeries products, are BRC- and IFS-certified. Lotus Bakeries is doing everything to keep it this way.

04. SYSTEMATICALLY REDUCING OUR IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENT

When it comes to respect for the environment, we leave nothing to chance. From purchasing to production and packaging: care for our living environment is key. As part of the fourth pillar of sustainability, we continuously monitor and improve the impact of all of our processes on nature.

Environmental policy

Lotus Bakeries wishes to achieve sustainable growth. Compliance with the relevant environmental legislation is an obvious aim. Our goal goes further. Lotus Bakeries closely monitors the impact of its activities on the environment and constantly strives to reduce its ecological footprint.

Based on the materiality matrix, we have identified some key environmental risks. Firstly, Lotus Bakeries now sells products in sixty countries and produces them in six countries, so that we have to deal with constantly changing legislation, including in relation to the environment. Reducing waste and the use of recyclable packaging are also a key focus in the food sector. Cutting energy and CO2 is also deserving of attention. Finally, the purchasing side presents various challenges, regarding traceability and compliance of our suppliers with principles corresponding to those valued by Lotus Bakeries with regard to the environment and society.

Responsible purchasing

Every supplier of packaging, raw materials, equipment and finished products is required to uphold the principles formulated by Lotus Bakeries in accordance with its own Code of Conduct, two pillars of which are respect for the environment and the traceability of raw materials.

Responsibility for environmental policy

Within the Executive Committee, the Corporate Director Quality, Procurement and R&D is responsible for various environmental policy topics. Sustainable packaging lies within the remit of the COO. Both report regularly on environmental policy application to the Board of Directors.

The Executive Committee is supported here by the R&D and Corporate Quality Assurance departments. For example, the R&D department has set up a sustainable packaging team that focuses on sustainable packaging and reports to the COO.

SUSTAINABLE PACKAGING

All Lotus Bakeries packaging to be recyclable by 2025

Plastic packaging is under fire throughout the world. Sharing this concern, Lotus Bakeries intends to stand up to its responsibility, doing everything not just to reduce packaging but also to make it more recyclable. What's more, Lotus Bakeries is committed to ensuring that all its packaging will be recyclable by 2025.

Guarantee of superior taste

No producer in the food sector can do without packaging. Packaging ranges from the cartons used to bring products from the factory to retailers, to the packaging surrounding the products themselves. Packaging has a clear goal: to protect the product, whether on its journey to the retailer, on the shop shelf, in the consumer's pantry, right up to the moment of consumption.

In the words of Ignace Heyman, Lotus Bakeries' COO: "Only by properly protecting our product can we create a superior taste experience for our consumers. And we don't want to make any concessions in this respect. Our caramelised cookies must be crunchy and fresh, our frangipane creamy and soft. To ensure that taste experience and product quality, we have to pack our product, creating a barrier against outside influences."

Longer shelf life, less waste

High-quality packaging also ensures that Lotus Bakeries products have a longer shelf life, thus helping to prevent food waste, an aspect at least as worrying as packaging waste. Estimates show that 1/3 of all food produced — some 1.3 billion tonnes — gets thrown away.

"And for the most part at the point of sale and with the consumer", says Ignace. "That's a lot of food. And we're not just talking about the raw materials used, but also a lot of energy and water. Not to mention all the unnecessary transport."

Nutrition is thus not (always) possible without packaging. Nevertheless, Lotus Bakeries is also concerned about the mountains of packaging waste. It is thus reducing its packaging footprint to a minimum, using as little and as sustainable packaging as possible. This puts the focus on the relationship between packaging and content, with the materials used under constant scrutiny.

"For example, thanks to technical innovations and a great deal of research, we recently succeeded in reducing the weight of the plastic around the 250g Lotus Biscoff cookie by as much as 11%", Ignace states. "That translates into a substantial amount of plastic now removed from the market, and thus from the mountain of waste."

100% of packaging to be recyclable by 2025

Lotus Bakeries is committed to making all its packaging recyclable by 2025 and is confident that it will be able to meet this commitment. A large number of products in its range already have recyclable packaging. For several others, Lotus Bakeries is searching for new solutions together with its suppliers. For example, plastic can be better recycled if it is made of just one material and does not contain any PVDC. The latter gets burned during the recycling process, making the recyclate much inferior. But up to now it was an essential component for creating a good barrier. After two years of intensive research and a lot of testing in conjunction with suppliers, Lotus Bakeries has managed to come up with a suitable alternative.

Ignace Heyman explains: "The packaging of a lot of our products is now completely recyclable. Our Lotus Biscoff spread for example is sold in a glass jar with a recyclable plastic lid. And we will be switching from plastic to cardboard for small ice cream cups in 2020. We will also be switching to 100% recyclable plastic packaging for our caramelised cookies packed individually and in pairs in 2020. We will be using a monolayer film without PVDC but offering optimal protection for our cookies. The new film is somewhat more expensive, but we are making that investment on the basis of our commitment to work as sustainably as possible.

For several other products we are still looking for a solution. For example, the plastic film used for our 250g Lotus Biscoff pack is metallised, making it difficult to recycle: the infrared detection used in waste-sorting centres cannot distinguish the different metallised plastics (PP, PE and PET) from each other. As a company, we are obviously also dependent on various other partners. Luckily, technologies are evolving fast and we are confident that we will soon find a solution for this film as well.

Our transport packaging is now made of 90% recycled materials on average and we are aiming for the currently achievable technical maximum. Similarly, we are ensuring that such packaging is as light as possible, but without losing stability, as that could be disadvantageous in terms of food waste. The paper used for our transport packaging is FSC-certified, meaning that it comes from forests managed in a responsible manner."

Biscoff Sustainable Packaging team makes our commitment tangible

Giving a commitment is one thing, turning it into reality another thing. That is why Lotus Bakeries has put together a packaging team that is exclusively tasked with searching for improvements in this field. The team is headed by Els van Parys (Program Manager Strategic Projects Biscoff) and Laetitia Vlaminck (R&D Engineer), both of whom report to COO Ignace Heyman. The team members, all of them experts, work closely with internal stakeholders, suppliers and research centres, and also keep close track of legislative developments.

"We assess each potential new packaging with regard to its impact on shelf life and product quality", Ignace emphasises. "Because, as we mentioned earlier, we're not making any compromises in this field. In a first phase, the team is focusing on the packaging of our caramelised cookie products. We will subsequently apply the expertise gained to the other products in our range, ultimately fulfilling our commitment for all our brands and products. At the latest by 2025."

Respect for our ecological footprint

Waste policy

By systematically optimising the production process, we keep our production waste as low as possible. Anything left over from production is processed into animal feed, but we also intend to minimise waste flows through more efficient use of ingredients.

We also help consumers waste less food by offering a choice of different packaging formats. And we are increasingly using portion packs. The idea behind this: throwing away food is much more damaging to the environment than using a small amount of plastic to package portions separately. The ecological footprint of the production process in the broadest sense (growing, harvesting, assembling, etc.) is generally significantly larger than that of the packaging. At Lotus, we seek flexibility in our packaging formats and a solution for different sizes of household and consumption moments, depending on how often people want to enjoy our cookies.

Our staff are also involved in reducing waste and emissions. For example, Lotus has installed water coolers and dispensers in its factories and is encouraging the use of personal drinking bottles or glasses. The water containers are also made of 100% recyclable material and can be reused up to 60 times. This is an important contribution to reducing plastic waste. As a result of these efforts, the total amount of waste (residue, production waste, fat, paper, cardboard) per tonne produced decreased by 10% when compared to 2017.

CARBON FOOTPRINT – STATUS & KPIs

From the very start, Lotus Bakeries has constantly strived to interact carefully with nature. As a consequence, it is working hard to reduce its energy consumption and limit waste.

Since 2011, Lotus Bakeries has been assisted by an independent partner to measure CO2 emissions (scope 1 & 2). These have again decreased by 4% compared to 2018. Compared with 2011, the base year, our emissions per production tonne (scope 1 & 2) have been cut by almost half (-46%), the result of ongoing efforts to do better every year.

We use green electricity in all our factories, including our two new factories in South Africa and the US.

07/04/2020 also refers. Initials for identification purposes PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren - PwC Réviseurs d'Entreprises.

Moreover, our gas consumption is offset through the WWF Gold Standard programme, with our concrete support going to a wind park project in Anantapur, India. Its goal: to generate sustainable energy by means of 50 wind turbines, thus making a positive contribution to the local community. The result of all these efforts: Lotus Bakeries production has been CO2 -neutral since 2015.

From the very start in 2019, the two new locations in South Africa and the US immediately opted for obtaining the CO2 -neutral label.

Our employees are also involved in reducing waste and emissions. For example, the use of modern means of communication is promoted to reduce travel. Attention is also paid to a greener car fleet and a bicycle leasing scheme has been introduced for our employees in Belgium. So far, more than 400 enthusiastic employees have opted to purchase a bicycle via this leasing scheme and to regularly commute by bicycle. All together, they covered almost 450,000 km. This is not only good for the employees' health, but also has a positive effect on CO2 emissions.

Local production in our largest export market

When developing a new product or a different packaging format, we always take the whole logistics chain into account. Such as optimal loading of pallets and trucks. In this way we minimise the impact of transport.

To supply our largest export market for Lotus Biscoff, we are even going a step further. The first Lotus Biscoff manufacturing facility outside Belgium was built in North Carolina, USA. By producing locally in the largest Lotus Biscoff market, we are taking an important step forwards in the field of sustainability. Not only will there be a thousand less containers crossing the ocean every year, our new production lines are also equipped with modern energy recovery techniques. In addition, our raw materials and packaging materials are as far as possibly purchased locally.

Lotus
Bakeries'
pillars of
sustainability
Sustainable Development Goals Lotus Bakeries' reporting
End hunger, achieve food security and improved
nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture

Partner of 'Entrepreneurs for Entrepreneurs'

Lotus Bakeries child sponsorship

Support for The Kusasa Project
SOCIETY Ensure inclusive and quality education for all and
promote lifelong learning

Lotus Bakeries Foundation for Education
-
Support for The Kusasa Project
-
Lotus Bakeries child sponsorship
-
Support for TAJO
-
Support for City Pirates
Ensure sustainable consumption and production pat
terns (waste management, sustainable production and
consumption patterns, sustainable supply chain, etc.)

Partner of 'Entrepreneurs for Entrepreneurs'

Training of farmers in Benin

Follow-up reduction of waste

CO2
-neutral
Promote just, peaceful and inclusive societies, ensure
access to justice for all and build effective, accountable
institutions at all levels

Lotus Bakeries Code of Conduct
MPLOYEES Achieve gender equality and empower
all women and girls

Lotus Bakeries has excellent gender diversity, with 53%
female and 47% male employees

The gender diversity within Lotus Bakeries is in balance
at all levels of management: 30%/70% within the
Board of Directors, 40%/60% within the leadership
team and 41%/59% within the management team as a
whole (female/male).
E Promote lasting, inclusive and sustainable economic
growth, full and productive employment and decent
work for all

TOP values

'Safety First' strategy

VAM process

The Arbovignet (Netherlands)

The four sustainability pillars of Lotus Bakeries' CSR policy are presented in the overview below in accordance with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG).

End hunger, achieve food security and improved
nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture

Specialised department Corporate Quality
Assurance

Internal and external audit for high-quality products
and processes (IFS, BRC)
PEOPLE Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being
for all at all ages

Goals nutritional policy
- Superior taste experience
- Diversified offering
- No artificial flavours or colours
- Different portion sizes
- Clear information & responsible marketing

JOGG (Netherlands)
Ensure access to water and sanitation for all
Efficient use of ingredients to reduce waste
MENT Ensure sustainable consumption and production
patterns (waste management, sustainable production
and consumption patterns, sustainable supply
chain, etc.)

Efficient use of ingredients to reduce waste

Processing of food waste (from production)
into animal feed

Use of plastic packaging to keep products fresh

Different packaging formats
ENVIRON Take urgent action to combat climate change
and its impacts

Energy consumption and emission reduction
+ offset via WWF Gold Standard

Ecological footprint reduced by the creation of a
Lotus Biscoff production site outside Belgium
(in North Carolina, US)
Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of
terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests,
combat desertification, halt and reverse land
degradation, halt biodiversity loss

Traceability audit

RSPO-certified

Usage of FSC-certified cardboard

07/04/2020 also refers. Initials for identification purposes PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren - PwC Réviseurs d'Entreprises.

NOTES

Document to which our report dated
07/04/2020 also refers.
Initials for identification purposes
PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren - PwC Réviseurs d'Entreprises.
Document to which our report dated
07/04/2020 also refers.
Initials for identification purposes
PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren - PwC Réviseurs d'Entreprises.

REGISTERED OFFICE

Lotus Bakeries NV Gentstraat 1 B-9971 Lembeke T + 32 9 376 26 11 www.lotusbakeries.com

Register of legal persons of Ghent, Enterprise number 0401.030.860

CONTACT

For further information about the data of the annual review or more information about the Lotus Bakeries Group, please contact:: Lotus Bakeries NV Corporate Secretary Gentstraat 1 B-9971 Lembeke T + 32 9 376 26 11 [email protected]

Concept en realisation Focus Advertising and Lotus Bakeries www.focus-advertising.be Illustration cover Flore Deman www.floredeman.com

www.lotusbakeries.com

Annual Report 2019 Financial supplement

The consolidated fi nancial statements for 2019 shown below have been prepared in accordance with IFRS as adopted for application within the European Union with comparative IFRS fi gures for 2018.

The condensed statutory fi nancial statements are presented in the fi nancial supplement and are prepared in accordance with Belgian accounting standards (BGAAP).

Only the consolidated fi nancial statements, as set out on the following pages, present a faithful picture of the assets, fi nancial position and results of the Lotus Bakeries Group.

In light of the fact that the statutory annual fi nancial statements give only a limited picture of the fi nancial situation of the Group, the Board of Directors considers it appropriate to only present an abridged version of the statutory annual statements of Lotus Bakeries NV, in accordance with Article 3:17 of the Belgian Companies and Associations Code.

The full statutory annual statements, together with the statutory annual report of the Board of Directors and the statutory audit report of the Auditor, will be submitted to the National Bank of Belgium within the legally prescribed term. These documents are available on the corporate website of Lotus Bakeries, www.lotusbakeries.com (Investor Relations) or can be obtained for free from the Corporate Secretary of Lotus Bakeries on simple request.

This fi nancial supplement is a part of the 2019 annual report of Lotus Bakeries NV. This annual report consists of two parts which are available on the Lotus Bakeries corporate website and also on simple request, separately and free of charge, from the Lotus Bakeries Corporate Secretary.

The Auditor has issued an unqualifi ed audit opinion with respect to the consolidated and the statutory annual statements of Lotus Bakeries NV.

INDEX

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Consolidated balance sheet
4
Consolidated income statement
5
Consolidated statement of changes in equity6
Consolidated cash flow statement8

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. Consolidated companies
9
1.1
List of consolidated companies9
1.2
Changes in the group structure in 2019
10
1.3
Legal structure 11
2. Accounting principles
12
3. Segment reporting by geographical region
22
4. Acquisitions and disposal of subsidiaries
26
5. Tangible assets27
6. Goodwill
29
7. Intangible assets30
8. Deferred taxes
34
9. Participations, investments in other companies
and other long-term receivables35
10. Inventories
35
11. Trade receivables and other amounts receivable.36
12. Cash and cash equivalents
36
13. Net financial debt
36
14. Issued capital37
15. Dividends37
16. Treasury shares
38
17. Interest-bearing liabilities
38
18. Pension liabilities
39
19. Provisions
41
20. Financial derivatives
41
21. Other non-current liabilities
42
22. Trade payables and other liabilities
43
23. Personnel costs
43
24.
Share-based payments
44
25.
Depreciation and amounts written down on (in)tangible assets
47
26.
Other operating income and charges
47
27.
Non-recurrent operating result
47
28.
Financial results. .
48
29.
Taxes
48
30.
Earnings per share
49
31.
Related parties
49
32.
Rights and commitments not reflected in the balance sheet
49
33.
Financial risk management. .
50
34.
Categories and fair value of financial instruments. .
50
35.
Research and development. .
54
36.
Subsequent events. .
54
37.
Management responsibility statement. .
54
38.
Information about the Statutory Auditor,
its remuneration and additional services rendered.
55
AUDITOR'S REPORT
56
ABRIDGED FIVE-YEAR FINANCIAL SUMMARY
LOTUS BAKERIES GROUP
62
ABRIDGED STATUTORY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
OF LOTUS BAKERIES NV 64
Balance sheet after appropriation of profit. .
64
Non-consolidated income statement. .
65
Appropriation of the result .
65

Extract from the notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Accounting principles. . 66

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Consolidated balance sheet

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR NOTES 31-12-2019 31-12-2018
ASSETS
NON-CURRENT ASSETS 641,122 545,647
Property, plant and equipment 5 263,793 219,897
Goodwill 6 229,365 177,639
Intangible assets 7 142,709 138,887
Participating interests 9 - 2,448
Investment in other companies 9 2,243 12
Deferred tax assets 8 2,505 3,936
Other non-current assets 9, 20 507 2,828
CURRENT ASSETS 171,507 165,925
Inventories 10 44,461 39,066
Trade receivables 11 79,072 71,097
VAT receivables 11 5,280 4,503
Income tax receivables 11 1,075 523
Other amounts receivable 11 172 2,993
Cash and cash equivalents 12, 13 40,093 45,597
Deferred charges and accrued income 1,354 2,146
TOTAL ASSETS 812,629 711,572
IN THOUSANDS OF EUR NOTES 31-12-2019 31-12-2018
EQUITY
EQUITY 402,477 346,927
Share Capital 14 16,388 16,319
Retained earnings 422,724 369,114
Treasury shares 13, 16, 24 (15,866) (11,406)
Other reserves 18 (20,848) (27,156)
Non-controlling interests 79 56
NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES 239,584 198,042
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings 13, 17 158,010 116,500
Deferred tax liabilities 8 50,737 52,725
Net employee defined benefit liabilities 18 3,712 3,519
Provisions 19 285 377
Derivative financial instruments 20 2,340 2,319
Other non-current liabilities 21 24,500 22,602
CURRENT LIABILITIES 170,568 166,603
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings 13, 17 36,579 36,655
Net employee defined benefit liabilities 18 325 234
Provisions 19 21 21
Trade payables 22 88,716 86,794
Employee benefit expenses and social security 22 24,146 21,330
VAT payables 22 254 300
Tax payables 22 11,630 14,761
Other current liabilities 22 5,240 3,102
Accrued charges and deferred income 22 3,657 3,406
TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 812,629 711,572

Consolidated income statement

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR NOTES 2019 2018
TURNOVER 612,737 556,435
Raw materials, consumables and goods for resale (197,799) (184,804)
Services and other goods (168,966) (150,732)
Employee benefit expense 23 (123,493) (111,977)
Depreciation and amortisation on intangible and
tangible assets
25 (17,754) (12,942)
Impairment on inventories, contracts in progress and
trade debtors
10, 11 (2,135) (1,706)
Other operating charges 26 (3,254) (2,123)
Other operating income 26 3,555 2,879
RECURRENT OPERATING RESULT (REBIT) (1) 102,891 95,030
Non-recurrent operating result 27 (2,292) (3,005)
OPERATING RESULT (EBIT) (2) 100,599 92,025
Financial result 28 (2,514) (3,324)
Interest income (expense) (4,460) (2,435)
Foreign exchange gains (losses) 2,232 (596)
Other financial income (expense) (285) (293)
PROFIT FOR THE YEAR BEFORE TAXES 98,086 88,701
Taxes 8, 29 (22,317) (20,829)
RESULT AFTER TAXES 75,769 67,872
NET RESULT - attributable to: 75,769 67,872
Non-controlling interests 857 964
Equity holders of Lotus Bakeries 74,912 66,908
IN THOUSANDS OF EUR NOTES 2019 2018
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Items that may be subsequently reclassified to
profit and loss
7,417 (1,726)
Currency translation differences 7,929 (587)
Gain/(Loss) on cash flow hedges, net of tax (512) (1,139)
Items that will not be reclassified to profit and loss (124) 276
Remeasurement gains/(losses) on defined
benefit plans
18 (124) 276
Other comprehensive income 7,293 (1,450)
Total comprehensive income - attributable to: 83,062 66,422
Non-controlling interests 1,842 793
Equity holders of Lotus Bakeries 81,220 65,629
EARNINGS PER SHARE 30
Weighted average number of shares 807,476 803,878
Basic earnings per share (EUR) - attributable to:
Non-controlling interests 1.06 1.20
Equity holders of Lotus Bakeries 92.77 83.23
Weighted average number of shares after effect of
dilution
809,848 808,813
Diluted earnings per share (EUR) -
attributable to:
Non-controlling interests 1.06 1.19
Equity holders of Lotus Bakeries 92.50 82.72
Total number of shares (3) 816,013 815,733
Earnings per share (EUR) - attributable to:
Non-controlling interests 1.05 1.18
Equity holders of Lotus Bakeries 91.80 82.02

(1) REBIT is defined as the recurrent operating result, consisting of all the proceeds and costs relating to normal business.

(2) EBIT is defined as recurrent operating result + non-recurrent operating result.

(3) Total number of shares including treasury shares at 31 December.

Consolidated statement of changes in equity

6
Lotus Bakeries
Annual report 2019
Consolidated statement of changes in equity
ISSUED RETAINED
IN THOUSANDS OF EUR CAPITAL SHARE PREMIUM CAPITAL EARNINGS
EQUITY as on 1 January 2019 3,590 12,729 16,319 369,114
Net result of the Financial Year - - - 74,912
Currency translation differences - - - -
Remeasurement gains / (losses) on defined benefit plans - - - -
Cash flow hedge reserves - - - -
Taxes on items taken directly to or transferred from equity - - - -
Net income / (expense) for the period recognised directly in equity - - - -
Total comprehensive income / (expense) for the period - - - 74,912
Dividend to shareholders - - - (23,664)
Increase in capital 1 68 69 -
Acquisition / sale own shares - - - -
Employee share-based compensation expense - - - 568
Non-controlling interests following business combinations - - - (284)
Impact written put options on non-controlling interests - - - 530
Other - - - 1,548
EQUITY as on 31 December 2019 3,591 12,797 16,388 422,724
EQUITY as on 1 January 2018 3,584 12,415 15,999 316,954
Net result of the Financial Year - - - 66,908
Currency translation differences - - - -
Remeasurement gains / (losses) on defined benefit plans - - - -
Cash flow hedge reserves - - - -
Taxes on items taken directly to or transferred from equity - - - -
Net income / (expense) for the period recognised directly in equity - - - -
Total comprehensive income/(expense) for the period - - - 66,908
Dividend to shareholders - - - (15,887)
Increase in capital 6 314 320 -
Acquisition / sale own shares - - - -
Employee share-based compensation expense - - - (1,436)
Impact written put options on non-controlling interests - - - 590
Other - - - 1,985
EQUITY as on 31 December 2018 3,590
07/04/2020 also refers.
Document to which our report dated
12,729
16,319 369,114

Initials for identification purposes

PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren - PwC Réviseurs d'Entreprises.

TREASURY
SHARES
TRANSLATION
DIFFERENCES
REMEASUREMENT
GAINS/(LOSSES)
ON DEFINED
BENEFIT PLANS
CASH FLOW
HEDGE RESERVES
OTHER
RESERVES
EQUITY PART OF
THE GROUP
NON-CONTROLLING
INTERESTS
TOTAL
EQUITY
(11,406) (26,844) (178) (134) (27,156) 346,871 56 346,927
- - - - - 74,912 857 75,769
- 6,944 - - 6,944 6,944 1,002
- - (170) - (170) (170) -
- - - (822) (822) (822) -
- - 46 310 356 356 -
- 6,944 (124) (512) 6,308 6,308 1,002
- 6,944 (124) (512) 6,308 81,220 1,859
- - - - - (23,664) (603)
- - - - - 69 -
(4,460) - - - - (4,460) -
- - - - - 568 -
- - - - - (284) 34
- - - - - 530 (1,267)
- - - - - 1,548 -
(15,866) (19,900) (302) (646) (20,848) 402,398 79
(13,919) (26,428) (454) 1,005 (25,877) 293,157 56
- - - - - 66,908 964
- (416) - - (416) (416) (170)
- - 199 - 199 199 -
- - - (1,594) (1,594) (1,594) -
- - 77 456 533 533 -
- (416) 276 (1,138) (1,278) (1,278) (170)
- (416) 276 (1,138) (1,278) 65,630 794
- - - - - (15,887) (444)
- - - - - 320 -
2,513 - - - - 2,513 -
- - - - - (1,436) (350)
- - - - - 590 -
- - (1) (1) 1,984 -
-

07/04/2020 also refers.

Initials for identification purposes

PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren - PwC Réviseurs d'Entreprises.

Consolidated cash flow statement

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 2019 2018
Operating activities
Net result (Group) 74,912 66,908
Depreciation and amortisation of (in)tangible assets 17,763 12,942
Net valuation allowance current assets 2,135 1,701
Provisions 230 68
Disposal of fixed assets 69 29
Financial result 2,514 3,324
Taxes 22,317 20,829
Employee share-based compensation expense 568 589
Non-controlling interests 857 964
Gross cash provided by operating activities 121,365 107,354
Decrease / (Increase) in inventories (5,804) (5,023)
Decrease / (Increase) in trade accounts receivable (6,870) (8,098)
Decrease / (Increase) in other assets 3,257 1,821
Increase / (Decrease) in trade accounts payable 861 (3,445)
Increase / (Decrease) in other liabilities (1,515) (2,694)
Change in operating working capital (10,071) (17,439)
Income tax paid (26,675) (20,051)
Interest paid (2,872) (2,461)
Other financial income and charges received / (paid) 1,656 (504)
Net cash provided by operating activities 83,403 66,899
IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 2019 2018
Investing activities
(In)tangible assets - acquisitions (47,478) (42,590)
(In)tangible assets - other changes 514 630
Acquisition of subsidiaries (42,281) (48,284)
Financial assets - other changes (2,231) (2,448)
Net cash used in investing activities (91,476) (92,692)
Net cash flow before financing activities (8,073) (25,793)
Financing activities
Dividends paid (24,059) (16,129)
Treasury shares (3,252) 4,056
Proceeds of capital increase 69 320
Proceeds / (Reimbursement) of long-term borrowings 35,503 (1,000)
Proceeds / (Reimbursement) of short-term borrowings (3,195) 34,352
PLeasing debts (2,892) -
Proceeds / (Reimbursement) of long-term receivables (27) (49)
Net cash flow from financing activities 2,147 21,550
Net change in cash and cash equivalents (5,926) (4,243)
Cash and cash equivalents on January 1 45,597 48,129
Effect of exchange rate fluctuations 422 1,711
Cash and cash equivalents on 31 December 40,093 45,597
Net change in cash and cash equivalents (5,926) (4,243)

07/04/2020 also refers. Initials for identification purposes PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren - PwC Réviseurs d'Entreprises.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. Consolidated companies

1.1 List of consolidated companies

ADDRESS VAT OR NATIONAL NUMBER 31-12-2019 31-12-2018
A. Fully consolidated subsidiaries % %
Cremers-Ribert NV Gentstraat 52, 9971 Lembeke, BE VAT BE 0427.808.008 100.0 100.0
Interwaffles SA Rue de Liège 39, 6180 Courcelles, BE VAT BE 0439.312.406 100.0 100.0
Lotus Bakeries NV Gentstraat 1, 9971 Lembeke, BE VAT BE 0401.030.860 100.0 100.0
Lotus Bakeries Corporate NV Gentstraat 1, 9971 Lembeke, BE VAT BE 0881.664.870 100.0 100.0
Lotus Bakeries België NV Gentstraat 52, 9971 Lembeke, BE VAT BE 0421.694.038 100.0 100.0
Biscuiterie Willems BV Nieuwendorpe 33 Bus C, 9900 Eeklo, BE VAT BE 0401.006.413 100.0 100.0
B.W.I. BV Ambachtenstraat 5, 9900 Eeklo, BE VAT BE 0898.518.522 100.0 100.0
Lotus Bakeries Schweiz AG Nordstrasse 3, 6300 Zug, CH VAT CHE 105.424.218 100.0 100.0
Lotus Bakeries CZ s.r.o. Amerciká 415/36, 120 00 Praha 2, CZ VAT CZ 271 447 55 100.0 100.0
Lotus Bakeries GmbH Rather Strasse 110a, 40476 Düsseldorf, DE VAT DE 811 842 770 100.0 100.0
Biscuiterie Le Glazik SAS Zone Industrielle 2, 29510 Briec-de-l'Odet, F VAT FR95 377 380 985 100.0 100.0
Biscuiterie Vander SAS Place du Château BP 70091, 59560 Comines, F VAT FR28 472 500 941 100.0 100.0
Lotus Bakeries France SAS Place du Château BP 50125, 59560 Comines, F VAT FR93 320 509 755 100.0 100.0
Lotus Bakeries UK Ltd. 3000 Manchester Business Park, Aviator Way, Manchester, M22 5TG, UK VAT GB 606 739 232 100.0 100.0
Natural Balance Foods Ltd. 1 Drakes Drive, Long Crendon, Aylesbury, Bucks, HP18 9BA, UK VAT GB 841 254 348 67.2 67.2
Urban Fresh Foods Ltd. The Emerson Building, 4-8 Emerson Street, London, SE1 9DU, UK VAT GB 883 0600 32 100.0 100.0
Lotus Bakeries Réassurances SA 74, Rue de Merl, 2146 Luxembourg, L R.C.S. Luxembourg B53262 100.0 100.0
Koninklijke Peijnenburg BV Nieuwendijk 45, 5664 HB Geldrop, NL VAT NL003897187B01 100.0 100.0
Peijnenburg's Koekfabrieken BV Nieuwendijk 45, 5664 HB Geldrop, NL VAT NL001351576B01 100.0 100.0
WK Koek Beheer BV Streek 71, 8464 NE Sintjohannesga, NL VAT NL006634199B01 100.0 100.0
WK Koek Bakkerij BV Streek 71, 8464 NE Sintjohannesga, NL VAT NL006634151B01 100.0 100.0
Enkhuizer Koekfabriek BV Oosterdijk 3e, 1601 DA Enkhuizen, NL VAT NL823011112B01 100.0 100.0
Lotus Bakeries Nederland BV Oosterdijk 3e, 1601 DA Enkhuizen, NL VAT NL004458953B01 100.0 100.0
Lotus Bakeries Asia Pacific Limited Room 2302, 23rd floor, Caroline Centre, Lee Garden Two, 28 Yun Ping road, Hong Kong Inland Revenue Department file no. 22/51477387 100.0 100.0
Lotus Bakeries North America Inc. 1000 Sansome Street Suite 220, San Francisco, CA 94111-1323, USA IRS 94-3124525 100.0 100.0
Lotus Bakeries US, LLC 2010 Park Center Drive, Mebane NC 27302 IRS 82-1300286 100.0 100.0
Lotus Bakeries US Manufacturing, LLC 2010 Park Center Drive, Mebane NC 27302 IRS 82-2542596 100.0 100.0
Natural Balance Foods USA Inc. 406 Bryant Circle, Unit G, Ojai, CA 93023, USA C3598146 67.2 67.2
Lotus Bakeries España S.L. C/ Severo Ochoa, 3, 2a Planta Oficina 8A, 28232 Las Rozas (Madrid), Spain VAT ESB80405137 100.0 95.0
ADDRESS VAT OR NATIONAL NUMBER 31-12-2019 31-12-2018
A. Fully consolidated subsidiaries (continued) % %
Annas - Lotus Bakeries Holding AB Radiovägen 23, SE 135 48 Tyresö, Sweden Registration no. 556757-7241 100.0 100.0
AB Annas Pepparkakor Radiovägen 23, SE 135 48 Tyresö, Sweden VAT SE556149914501 100.0 100.0
Lotus Bakeries North America Calgary Inc. L.M. Gordon LAW Office, 2213 - 20th Street P.O. Box 586, Nanton, Alberta, Canada,
T0L 1R0
GST 131 644 205 100.0 100.0
Lotus Bakeries Chile SpA Nueva Tajamar #555 OF401, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile 7550099 VAT (RUT) 76.215.081-6 100.0 100.0
Lotus Bakeries Biscuits Trading (Shanghai)
Company Ltd.
Room 01.02, Floor 15, No. 511 Weihai Road, Jing'an Disctrict, Shanghai 200041, P.R.
China
Registration no. 913100000781169357 100.0 100.0
Lotus Bakeries Korea Co. Ltd. 4/F, AIA Tower, 16 Tongil-ro-2-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul 04511, South Korea Registration no. 128-81-19621 100.0 100.0
Lotus Bakeries Austria GmbH Fleischmarkt 1/6/12, 1010 Wien, Austria VAT ATU72710827 100.0 100.0
The Kids Food Company Ltd. 1st Floor, Rose House, Bell Lane Office Village, Bell Lane, Amersham, HP6 6 FA, UK VAT GB 977396157 100.0 100.0
Kiddylicious International Ltd. 1st Floor, Rose House, Bell Lane Office Village, Bell Lane, Amersham, HP6 6 FA, UK VAT GB 211115184 100.0 100.0
Kids Food Global Ltd. Dixcart House, Fort Charles, Charlestown, Nevis, St Kitts and Nevis C44487 100.0 100.0
Lotus Bakeries Italia S.r.l. Zona Produttiva Plattl 17, 39040 Ora (Bolzano) Italy IT03029890211 55.0 -
Lotus South Africa Manufacturing Ltd. Erf 4109, Voortrekker Road, Montana, Wolseley, South Africa 4190279762 100.0 -
FF2032 NV Gentstraat 1, B-9971 Lembeke VAT BE 0730.550.847 100.0 -

On the basis of section 2:403 of the Dutch Civil Code, legal entities with a Dutch company number are exempt from the requirements for a local statutory audit. Lotus Bakeries UK Ltd., Urban Fresh Foods Ltd., The Kids Food Company Ltd. and Kiddylicious International Ltd. are exempt from the requirement for a local statutory audit, based on section 479A of company law. The holding entity guarantees the debts of these companies as at 31 December 2019.

1.2 Changes in the group structure in 2019

The following changes to the group structure took place in 2019:

Lotus Bakeries Italia S.r.l.

In February 2019, Lotus Bakeries founded Lotus Bakeries Italia S.r.l., together with its Italian distribution partner Lona. Lotus Bakeries owns the majority of the shares (55%) with an option to purchase the remaining shares.

Lotus South Africa Manufacturing Ltd.

In May 2019, Lotus Bakeries UK Ltd. acquired 100% of the shares of Lotus South Africa Manufacturing Ltd.

FF2032 NV

FF2032 NV, a fund which invests in promising young companies, was set up in July 2019. Also in July 2019, it acquired its first stake, buying 20% of shares in Peter's Yard. The agreement also allows for the acquisition of all of the shares in phases.

Lotus Bakeries España S.L.

In 2019, Lotus Bakeries NV acquired the remaining 5% of the shares in Lotus Bakeries España S.L., so that this company is now wholly owned by Lotus Bakeries NV.

Kids Food Global Ltd.

Kids Food Global Ltd. filed for dissolution on 5 September 2019. This entity will be automatically terminated on 5 September 2021.

Document to which our report dated 07/04/2020 also refers. Initials for identification purposes PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren - PwC Réviseurs d'Entreprises.

Further information about these acquisitions can be found in note 4.

1.3 Legal Structure of the Lotus Bakeries Group at 31 December 2019

LOTUS BAKERIES NV (*)

(*) Deviations in percentages with note 1.1 are due to insignificant non-controlling interests held by group entities other than Lotus Bakeries NV. For reasons of simplicity, they are not included in the above legal structure.

2. Accounting principles

2.1 Statement of compliance

The consolidated financial statements for the Group have been prepared in accordance with the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), as endorsed by the European Union (EU). Lotus Bakeries has used IFRS as its only accounting standards since 1 January 2005.

2.2 Basis of presentation

The consolidated financial statements are presented in thousands of euros and present the financial situation as of 31 December 2019.

The accounting principles were applied consistently.

The consolidated financial statements are presented on the basis of the historical cost price method, with the exception of the measurement at fair value of derivatives and financial assets available for sale.

The consolidated financial statements are presented before allocation of the parent company's result, as proposed to the General Meeting of Shareholders and approved by the Board of Directors on 7 February 2020 for publication.

Recent IFRS pronouncements Endorsement status of the new standards as at 31 December 2019

The following amendments and annual improvements to standards are mandatory for the first time for the financial year beginning 1 January 2019 and have been endorsed by the European Union:

  • IFRS 16, 'Leases' (effective 1 January 2019). This standard replaces the current guidance in IAS 17 and is a major change in accounting by lessees in particular. Under IAS 17, lessees were required to distinguish between a finance lease (on balance sheet) and an operating lease (off balance sheet). IFRS 16 requires lessees to recognise a lease liability reflecting future lease payments and a 'right-of-use asset' for virtually all lease contracts. For lessors, the accounting stays almost the same. However, as the IASB has updated the guidance on the definition of a lease (as well as the guidance on the combination and separation of contracts), lessors will also be affected by the new standard. Under IFRS 16, a contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.
  • Amendments to IFRS 9, 'Prepayment features with negative compensation' (effective 1 January 2019 within the EU). Amendment allowing companies to measure prepayable financial assets with negative compensation at amortised cost or fair value through other comprehensive income, instead of at fair value in profit or loss, because they would otherwise fail the SPPI test. This amendment also explains an aspect of accounting for a modification
  • of a financial liability.

  • IFRIC 23, The uncertainty of treatment concerning income tax (effective 1 January 2019). This interpretation clarifies the accounting for uncertainties in income taxes. The interpretation is to be applied to the determination of taxable profit (tax loss), tax bases, unused tax losses, unused tax credits and tax rates, when there is uncertainty over income tax treatments under IAS 12.

  • Amendments to IAS 28, 'Long term interests in associates and joint ventures' (effective 1 January 2019). Clarification regarding the accounting for long-term interests in an associate or joint venture, to which the equity method is not applied, under IFRS 9. Specifically, whether the measurement and impairment of such interests should be done using IFRS 9, IAS 28 or a combination of both.
  • Amendments to IAS 19, 'Plan amendment, curtailment or settlement' (effective 1 January 2019). The amendments require a company to use updated assumptions to determine current service cost and net interest for the remainder of the reporting period after an amendment to, curtailment or settlement of the plan. Furthermore, an entity must recognise in profit or loss as part of past service cost, or as a gain or loss on settlement, any reduction in a surplus, even if that surplus was not previously recognised because of the impact of the asset ceiling. The amendments affect any entity which changes the terms or membership of a defined benefit plan so that this results in past service cost or gain or loss on settlement.

Lotus Bakeries expects that, except for IFRS 16, the amendments to the above described IFRS standards do not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements. Document to which our report dated 07/04/2020 also refers.

Initials for identification purposes PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren - PwC Réviseurs d'Entreprises. Annual improvements to IFRS Standards 2015- 2017 cycle, applicable as of 1 January 2019 and containing the following amendments to IFRS:

  • IFRS 3 Business combination, paragraph 42A: The amendments clarify that, when an entity obtains control of a business that is a joint operation (as defined in IFRS 11), it applies the requirements for a business combination achieved in stages, including re-measuring previously held interests in the assets and liabilities of the joint operation at fair value. In doing so, the acquirer re-measures its entire previously held interest in the joint operation.
  • IFRS 11 Joint Arrangements, paragraph B33CA: A party that participates in, but does not have joint control of, a joint operation might obtain joint control of the joint operation in which the activity of the joint operation constitutes a business as defined in IFRS 3. In such cases, previously held interests in the joint operation are not re-measured.

  • IAS 12 Income Taxes, paragraph 57A:

The amendments clarify that the income tax consequences of dividends are linked more directly to past transactions or events that generated distributable profits than to distributions to owners. Therefore, an entity recognises the income tax consequences of dividends in profit or loss, other comprehensive income or equity according to where the entity originally recognised those past transactions or events.

  • IAS 23 Borrowing Costs, paragraph 14:

The amendments clarify that an entity treats as part of general borrowings any borrowing originally made to develop a qualifying asset when substantially all of the activities necessary to prepare that asset for its intended use or sale are complete. An entity applies those amendments to borrowing costs incurred on or after the beginning of the annual reporting period in which the entity first applies those amendments.

The following new standards, amendments and interpretations for standards have been published, but are not yet mandatory for the first time for the financial year beginning 1 January 2019 and have been endorsed by the EU:

  • Amendments to references to the conceptual framework in IFRS standards (effective 1 January 2020). The revised conceptual framework contains a new chapter on measurement, guidance on reporting financial performance, improved definitions and guidance (in particular the definition of a liability); and clarifications in important areas, such as the role of stewardship, prudence and measurement uncertainty in financial reporting.
  • Changes in definition of 'material' in IAS 1 and IAS 8 (effective 1 January 2020). The amendments clarify the definition of 'material' and increase consistency within IFRS. The amendment clarifies that the reference to obscuring relates to situations where the effect is similar to omitting or misstating information. It also states that an entity assesses materiality in the context of the financial statements as a whole. The amendment also clarifies the meaning of 'primary users of general purpose financial statements to whom these financial statements are addressed' by defining them as 'present and potential investors, lenders and other creditors', who rely on the financial statements in order to obtain a large part of the financial information they

need. The amendments are not expected to have a significant effect on the preparation of the financial statements.

  • Amendments to IFRS 9, IAS 39 and IFRS 7: Interest Rate Benchmark Reform (effective 1 January 2020). The amendments require qualitative and quantitative disclosures to enable users of financial statements to understand how an entity's hedging relationships are affected by the uncertainty arising from interest rate benchmark reform.

The following new standards, amendments and interpretations have been published, but are not mandatory for the first time for the financial year beginning 1 January 2019 and have not been endorsed by the EU:

  • Amendments to IFRS 3, 'Business Combinations', that revises the definition of 'a business' (effective 1 January 2020). The new guidance provides a framework to evaluate when an input and a substantive process are present (including for early stage companies that have not generated outputs). To be a business without outputs, there will now need to be an organised workforce. The changes to the definition of a business will likely result in more acquisitions being accounted for as asset acquisitions across all industries, particularly real estate, pharmaceutical and petrochemical sector.. Application of the changes would also affect the accounting for disposal transactions.
  • IFRS 17, 'Insurance contracts' (effective 1 January 2022). This standard replaces IFRS 4, which currently permits a wide variety of practices in accounting for insurance contracts. IFRS 17 will fundamentally change the accounting by all Document to which our report dated

07/04/2020 also refers. Initials for identification purposes PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren - PwC Réviseurs d'Entreprises. entities that issue insurance contracts and investment contracts with discretionary participation features.

IFRS 16 'Leases'

The IFRS 16 standard for leases is effective from 1 January 2019. This new standard requires lessees to recognise, on balance sheet, a lease liability reflecting future lease payments and a right-of-use asset for all leases. Except for leases with a term of 12 months or less or a low-value underlying asset.

The Group has opted for the modified retrospective approach and will consequently not publish comparative figures for periods prior to 1 January 2019. The Group's leases mainly relate to office buildings and cars. The total leasing costs of these leases as at 31 December amount to EUR 4.9 million, of which EUR 1.9 million relates to short-term or low value leases and is therefore recognised in the income statement. The rate at which the lease liabilities are discounted is 1.4% for leases with a term of up to six years and 1.66% for leases with a term of more than six years.

Due to the implementation of this new standard, the Group's property, plant and equipment and debt increased by EUR 8.9 million. The Group's REBITDA increased by EUR 3.0 million. The impact on REBIT is minimal.

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR

Reconciliation between IAS 17 and IFRS 16 in kEUR
Future rental charges on 31 December 2018 11,645
Short-term and low-value contracts (1,200)
Discounting effect and contract changes (2,329)
Foreign exchange effect 179
Leasing debt 1 January 2019 8,295

2.3 Consolidation principles

The consolidated financial statements comprise the financial statements of Lotus Bakeries NV and its subsidiaries (collectively referred to as the 'Group'). All material balances and transactions within the Group have been eliminated.

Subsidiaries

Subsidiaries are entities controlled by the Group. The Group has control over an investee when it is exposed to, or has the right to, variable returns arising from its involvement with the investee and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the investee. The financial statements of the subsidiaries are included in the consolidation scope as from the date that the Group obtains control until the date such control ceases.

Acquisition of subsidiaries is accounted for according to the acquisition method. The financial statements of the subsidiaries have the same financial year as the Group and are prepared in accordance with the accounting principles of the Group.

A list of subsidiaries of the Group is disclosed in the relevant notes.

Liabilities related to put options granted to non-controlling interests

The Group granted put options to third parties with non-controlling interests in a subsidiary, with these options giving the holders the right to sell part or all of their investment in the subsidiary. These financial liabilities do not bear interest. In accordance with IAS 32, when non-controlling interests hold put options enabling them to sell their investment in the Group, a financial liability is recognised in an amount corresponding to the present value of the estimated exercise price. This financial liability is included in the other non-current liabilities. The counterpart of this liability is a write-down of the value of the non-controlling interest underlying the option. The difference between the value of the non-controlling interest and the fair value of the liability is allocated to the retained earnings (Group share), which are included in shareholders' equity.

This item is adjusted at the end of each reporting period to reflect changes in the estimated exercise price of the option and the carrying amount of non-controlling interests. If the option matures without exercising, the liability is written off against non-controlling interests and retained earnings.

2.4 Use of estimates

In order to prepare the financial statements in accordance with IFRS, management has to make judgements, estimates and assumptions which have an impact on the financial statements and notes. Estimates made on the reporting date reflect existing

conditions on that date (for example: market prices, interest rates and foreign exchange rates). Though these estimates are made by management based on maximum knowledge of ongoing business and of the actions that the Group may undertake, the actual results may be different.

The assumptions made for measuring goodwill, intangible assets, post-employment benefits and financial derivatives are included in notes 6, 7, 18 and 20.

2.5 Foreign currencies

The Group's reporting currency is the euro.

Transactions in foreign currencies

Transactions in foreign currencies are converted using the exchange rate applicable on the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities in foreign currencies are converted to the closing rate on the reporting date.

Financial statements of foreign entities

For foreign entities using a different functional currency than the euro:

  • assets and liabilities are converted to the euro using the exchange rate on the reporting date.
  • income statements are converted at annual average exchange rate.
  • equity items are converted at the historic exchange rate.

Translation differences resulting from conversion of equity into euro using the rate at the end of the reporting period are recognised as translation differences under 'equity'. Translation differences remain in equity up to the disposal of the company. In case of disposal, the deferred cumulative amount included in equity is included in the results for the foreign activity in question.

Goodwill from the acquisition of a foreign entity and possible fair value changes in carrying amount of the acquired assets and liabilities at the moment of acquisition, are considered as assets and liabilities of the foreign activity and are converted using the closing rate.

The Group has no entities in hyper-inflationary economies.

Exchange rates

The following exchange rates were used in preparing the financial statements

CLOSING RATE AVERAGE RATE
2019 2018 2019 2018
EUR/CAD 1.4598 1.5605 1.4822 1.5329
EUR/CHF 1.0854 1.1269 1.1111 1.1515
EUR/CLP 834.3130 792.9810 792.2603 755.6531
EUR/CNY 7.8205 7.8751 7.7237 7.8152
EUR/CZK 25.4080 25.7240 25.6588 25.6725
EUR/GBP 0.8508 0.8945 0.8759 0.8857
EUR/KRW 1296.2800 1277.9300 1303.1692 1295.9567
EUR/PLN 4.2568 4.3014 4.2990 4.2675
EUR/SEK 10.4468 10.2548 10.5824 10.2952
EUR/USD 1.1234 1.1450 1.1195 1.1792
EUR/ZAR 15.7773 16.4594 16.1701 15.6125

2.6 Intangible assets

Intangible assets which are acquired separately are measured initially at cost. After initial recognition, intangible assets are measured at cost less cumulative amortisation and impairment. The residual value of intangible assets is assumed to be zero.

Intangible assets acquired upon acquisition of a subsidiary or as a result of the acquisition of a customer portfolio, are recognised separately in the balance sheet at their estimated fair value at acquisition date.

Costs for internally generated goodwill are recognised as costs in the income statement when they occur.

Amortisation

Intangible assets with a finite life are amortised on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life and reviewed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the intangible asset may be impaired. Amortisation begins when the intangible asset is ready for its intended use.

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortised but tested for impairment annually or whenever there is a valid reason to do so. The indefinite life is re-assessed annually to determine whether the indefinite life continues to be supportable. If not, the change in useful life from indefinite to finite is made prospectively.

The investments in software and licences are amortised over a period of three to five years. The brands acquired in acquisitions or the value of the customer portfolios obtained through acquisition are amortised on a straight-line basis over a maximum period of ten years, except when the brand can be regarded as having an indefinite life.

Goodwill

Goodwill arising from a business combination is initially measured at cost (i.e. the positive difference between the cost of the business combination and the Group's interest in the net fair value of the identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities). After initial recognition, goodwill is measured at cost less accumulated impairment losses, if any.

Goodwill is tested for impairment annually or more often if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may have been impaired. For the purpose of impairment testing, goodwill acquired in a business combination is, from acquisition date onwards, allocated to each of the Group's cash generating units that are expected to benefit from the combination, irrespective of whether other assets or liabilities of the acquiree are assigned to those units.

2.7 Property, plant and equipment

Property, Plant and Equipment is valued at cost less cumulative depreciation and impairment. Cost includes the purchase price and any costs directly attributable to bringing the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management.

The cost of self-produced assets includes direct material costs, direct labour costs and a proportional part of the production overhead.

If the various parts of a tangible asset have different useful lives, they are depreciated according to their respective useful lives.

The depreciation methods, residual value, as well as the useful lives of the Property, Plant and Equipment is reassessed and adjusted if appropriate, annually.

Subsequent expenditure

Costs of maintenance and repair of Property, Plant and Equipment are capitalised if the cost can be measured reliably and the expenditure will result in a future economic benefit. All other costs are recognised as operating charges when they occur.

Depreciation

Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Depreciation of an asset begins when the asset is ready for its intended use.

Useful life is assigned as follows:

Buildings and warehouses 25-30 years
Plant and equipment 15 years
Basic machines 20-25 years
Common machines, tools 10-15 years
Furniture 15 years
Office equipment 5 years
Computer equipment 3-5 years
Passenger vehicles 4-5 years
Trucks 10 years

Land is not depreciated given that it has an undefined useful life.

2.8 Leasing

A lease exists if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. A right-of-use asset is recognised for this in the balance sheet as well as a debt equal to the future lease payments for all leases except those with a term of 12 months or less or an underlying asset lower than EUR 5,000.

The Group recognises right-of-use assets as non-current assets on the date of first use and they are valued at cost price. Cost price comprises the sum of recognised lease liabilities and initial direct costs minus lease discounts received. These assets are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the lease term and are subject to impairment.

Lease liabilities are measured at the discounted value of future lease payments over the lease term in question. This calculation assumes a market interest rate where the interest rate implicit in the lease cannot be determined.

2.9 Government grants

Government grants are recognised at fair value when it is probable that they will be received and that the Group will comply with the conditions attached to the grant. If the grant is related to a cost item, the grant is systematically recognised as income over the periods required to attribute these grants to the costs which they are intended to compensate. When the grant is related to an asset, it is presented in the balance sheet deducted from the asset. Grants are recognised in income net of the depreciation of the related asset.

2.10 Impairment of non-current assets

For the Group's non-current assets, other than deferred tax assets, the Group assesses, at each reporting date, whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Group estimates the asset's recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is determined for an individual asset, unless the asset does not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of those from other assets or groups of assets. An asset's recoverable amount is the higher of an asset's or cash generating unit's fair value less costs of disposal and the value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessment of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset or cash generating unit.

When the carrying amount exceeds the recoverable amount, an impairment loss is recognised as an operating charge in the income statement.

Reversal of impairments

Impairments for financial assets normally held by the Group until maturity or receivables are reversed if a subsequent increase in their net asset value can be objectively associated with an event arising after the recording of the loss.

A previously recognised impairment for other assets is reversed where there has been a change in the assumptions used to determine the recoverable amount. An increase in the carrying amount of an asset resulting from the reversal of an impairment cannot be higher than the carrying amount (after depreciation) that would have been determined had no impairment loss been recognised in prior years.

An impairment loss recognised on goodwill is never reversed in a subsequent period.

2.11 Financial assets available for sale

Financial assets available for sale include shares in companies in which the Group does not exercise control nor significant influence.

Financial assets are initially measured at cost. The cost includes the fair value of the compensation provided and acquisition costs associated with the investment.

After the initial recognition, the financial assets are measured at fair value. Changes in fair value are directly recognised in a separate component of other comprehensive income. For listed companies, the share price is the best estimate of the fair value. Investments for which no fair value can be determined, are recognised at historical cost.

The Group assesses at each reporting date whether there is objective evidence that the asset is impaired. Objective evidence would include a significant or prolonged decline in the fair value of the investment below its cost.

If the financial asset is sold or an impairment loss is recognised, the cumulative profits or losses recognised in equity are transferred to profit or loss. An impairment loss on a financial asset available for sale is not reversed through the income statement, unless it includes a debt instrument.

2.12 Other long-term receivables

Long-term receivables are valued at their actual net value based on an average market interest rate in accordance with the useful life of the receivable.

2.13 Inventories

Raw materials, consumables and goods for resale are measured at purchase price on a FIFO basis.

Finished products are measured at the standard manufacturing cost price. This includes, in addition to direct production and material costs, a proportional part of the fixed and variable overhead costs based on the normal production capacity.

If the purchase price or the manufacturing price exceeds the net realisable value, the stock is measured at the lower net realisable value.

The net realisable value is defined as the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated cost of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

2.14 Trade receivables and other amounts receivable

Trade receivables and other amounts receivable are measured at their nominal value less impairment, if any.

Impairments are recognised in the operating results if it becomes probable that the Group will not be able to collect all outstanding amounts.

At each reporting date, the Group estimates the impairment by evaluating all outstanding amounts individually. An impairment is recognised in the results of the period in which it was identified as such.

2.15 Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include liquid assets and bank balances (current and deposit accounts). In general, investments are held until the expiration date. Profits and losses are recognised in the income statement when the investment is realised or impaired. For the cash flow statement, cash and cash equivalents include cash and bank balances. Possible negative cash is recognised as short-term interest-bearing loans and borrowings with credit institutions.

2.16 Non-current assets

(or disposal groups) held for sale and discontinued operations A disposal group qualifies as discontinued operation if it is a component of an entity that either has been disposed of, or is classified as held for sale, and:

  • represents a major line of business or geographical area of operations;
  • is part of a single coordinated plan to dispose of a separate major line of business or geographical area of operations; or
  • is a subsidiary acquired exclusively with a view to resale.

A non-current asset (or a disposal group) is classified as held for sale if the carrying amount will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use. A non-current asset (or a disposal group) classified as held for sale is recognised at the lower of the carrying amount and the fair value less cost to sell. An impairment test is performed on these assets at the end of each reporting date.

2.17 Share capital and treasury shares

For the purchase of treasury shares, the amount paid, including any directly attributable costs, is recognised as a change in this section. Treasury shares purchased are considered as a reduction in equity.

2.18 Interest-bearing financial debts

All interest-bearing financial debts are initially recognised at fair value less direct attributable transaction costs. After initial recognition, the interest-bearing financial debts will be recognised at the amortised cost price based on the effective interest rate method.

The introduction of the new IFRS standard for leases leads to the recognition of lease liabilities on the balance sheet. This liability is recognised as equal to the future lease payments for all leases except those with a term of 12 months or less or an underlying asset lower than EUR 5,000.

Lease liabilities are measured at the discounted value of future lease payments over the lease term in question. This calculation assumes a market interest rate where the interest rate implicit in the lease cannot be determined.

2.19 Provisions

Provisions are recognised in the balance sheet if the Group has obligations (legal or constructive) resulting from a past event and if it is probable that fulfilment of these commitments will incur expenses that can be estimated reliably on reporting date.

No provisions are recognised for future operating costs. If the effect of the time value of money is material, the provisions are discounted.

Restructuring

A provision for restructuring is recognised when a formal, detailed restructuring plan is approved by the Group and if this restructuring has either begun or been announced to the ones concerned.

2.20 Financial derivatives

The Group uses financial derivatives to limit risks from adverse exchange rate and interest rate fluctuations. No derivatives are used for trading purposes.

Financial derivatives are initially recognised at cost. After initial recognition, these instruments are recognised in the balance sheet at their fair value.

Changes in fair value of the Group's derivatives that do not meet the criteria of IAS 39 for hedge accounting, are recognised in the income statement.

The effective portion of the change in fair value of derivative financial instruments that are identified as cash flow hedges is recognised in other comprehensive income. The gain or loss on the ineffective portion is immediately recognised in the income statement. Amounts accumulated in equity are reclassified to the income statement in the periods in which the hedged position impacts the income statement.

All regular purchases and sales of financial assets are recognised on transaction date.

2.21 Trade payables and other debts

Trade payables and other debts are recognised at their nominal value. A financial obligation is derecognised once the obligation is fulfilled, settled or lapsed.

2.22 Dividends

Dividends payable to shareholders of the Group are recognised as a liability in the balance sheet in the period in which the dividends are approved by the shareholders of the Group.

2.23 Revenues

Revenues are included in the income statement when it is probable that the Group will receive economic benefits from the transaction and the revenues can be measured reliably.

Sale of goods and delivery of services

Revenue is deemed to have been earned when the risks and rewards of the sale are payable by the purchaser and any uncertainty has been removed in terms of the collection of the agreed amount, transaction costs and any return of the goods.

Financial income

Financial income (interests, dividends, royalties, etc.) are considered to be realised once it is probable that the Group will receive the economic benefits from the transaction and the revenues can be measured reliably.

2.24 Employee benefits

Pension plans

The Group holds a number of defined contribution plans. These pension plans are funded by members of personnel and the employer and are recognised in the income statement of the reporting period to which they refer.

In addition, there is also a defined benefit pension plan in the subsidiary in Germany and the Netherlands.

There are also provisions in some companies for early retirement (Belgium) and pension obligations arising from legal requirements (France). These are classified as employment benefits of the defined benefit pension plans. For the defined benefit pension plans, provisions are measured by calculating the present value of future amounts payable to the employees.

Defined benefit costs are divided into 2 categories:

  • Current service cost, past service cost, gains and losses on curtailments and settlements;
  • Net interest expense or income.

The current and past service cost, the net interest expense, the remeasurement of other long term personnel expenses, administrative expenses and taxes for the reporting period are included in the personnel expenses in the statement of profit or loss. The remeasurement on the net defined benefit liability as a consequence of actuarial gains or losses is included in the statement of comprehensive income as part of other comprehensive income.

Share-based payment

The stock option plan and the warrant plan allow employees to acquire shares in the company at relatively advantageous conditions. The exercise price of the option and warrant is equal to the average stock market closing price of the Lotus Bakeries share during the thirty calendar days preceding the date of offering. A personnel cost is recognised for options and warrants granted to employees as part of the stock option plan or warrant plan. The cost is determined based on the fair value of the stock options and warrants on the grant date and, together with an equal increase in equity, is recognised over the vesting period, ending on the date when the employees receive full right to the options. When the options or warrants are exercised, equity is increased by the amount of the revenues. The final warrants owned by executives and senior management were exercised during the first half of 2019.

Bonuses

Bonuses for employees and management are calculated based on key financial objectives and individual objectives. The estimated amount of the bonuses is recognised as a charge for the financial year based on an estimate on the reporting date.

2.25 Income tax

Income taxes in the result of the reporting period include current and deferred taxes. Both taxes are recognised in the income statement except if they have been recognised directly in other comprehensive income. If so, these taxes are also directly recognised in other comprehensive income.

Current taxes include the amount of tax payable on the taxable earnings for the period calculated at the tax rate applicable on the reporting date. They also include adjustments of fiscal liabilities for previous years. In line with IAS 12 §46 'Income Taxes', management assesses on a periodic basis the positions taken in tax declarations in respect of items subject to interpretation in the tax legislation, and records – if necessary– additional income tax liabilities based on the expected amounts payable to the tax authorities. The evaluation is made for all fiscal periods still subject to controls by the authorities.

Deferred taxes are calculated using the balance sheet method and result mainly from temporary differences between the carrying amount of both assets and liabilities in the balance sheet and their respective taxable base. Deferred taxes are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the year when the asset is realised or the liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted at reporting date. Deferred taxes are recognised at their nominal value and are not discounted.

Deferred tax assets from deductible temporary differences and unused tax loss carry forwards are recognised to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carry forward of unused tax credits and unused tax losses can be utilised.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reassessed at each reporting date and reduced when it is no longer probable that the related tax savings can be generated. Unrecognised deferred tax assets are reassessed at each reporting date and are recognised to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits allow the deferred tax asset to be recovered.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and the deferred taxes relate to the same taxable entity and the same taxation authority.

2.26 Earnings per share

The Group calculates the ordinary profit per share on the basis of the weighted average of the number of outstanding shares during the period. For the diluted profit per share, the dilutive effect of stock options during the period is also taken into account.

2.27 Segment reporting

Group turnover is centralised around a number of products that are all included in the traditional and natural snacking segment. For these products, the Group is organised according to geographical regions for sales, production and internal reporting. As a result, segment reporting presents the geographical markets.

The Group's geographical segments are based on the location of the assets. The results of a segment include the income and charges directly generated by a segment. To this is added the portion of the income and charges that can be reasonably attributed to the segment. Intersegment price-fixing is defined based on the 'at arm's length' principle.

The assets and liabilities of a segment are reported excluding taxes and after deduction of depreciation, impairments and valuation allowances.

3. Segment reporting by geographical region

Segment reporting by geographical region (2019)

For the purpose of sales, production and internal reporting, the Group is classified according to geographical regions. The regions presented in the segment reporting, which are based on the internal reporting system, are composed as follows:

  • Belgium: sales by Sales Office Belgium and intra-group sales by factories in Belgium
  • France: sales by Sales Office France and intra-group sales by factories in France
  • The Netherlands: sales by Sales Office Netherlands and intra-group sales by factories in the Netherlands
  • UK: sales by Sales Office UK, Natural Balance Foods, Urban Fresh Foods and Kiddylicious, and the production of Lotus South Africa Manufacturing
  • Other: sales from Belgium to countries without own Sales Office and by own Sales Offices in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, the Czech Republic/Slovakia, United States, Spain, Italy, China, South Korea, Sweden/Finland plus production in Sweden.

Sales between the various segments are carried out at arm's length.

YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019
IN THOUSANDS OF EUR
CONTINUING OPERATIONS
BELGIUM FRANCE NETHERLANDS UK OTHER ELIMINATIONS +
CORPORATE
COMPANIES
TOTAL
TURNOVER
Sales to external customers 154,722 76,439 87,482 137,557 156,537 - 612,737
Inter-segment sales 118,073 13,281 3,520 8,768 751 (144,393) -
Total turnover 272,795 89,720 91,002 146,325 157,288 (144,393) 612,737
RESULTS
Segment result REBIT 38,537 3,801 15,506 13,774 24,650 6,623 102,891
Non-recurrent operating result (108) (3,988) 1,804 (2,292)
Segment result EBIT 100,599
Financial result (2,514)
Profit for the year before taxes 98,086
Taxes (22,317)
Result after taxes 75,769
ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
Deferred taxes 2,505
Unallocated assets: 2,505
Segment assets 146,703 8,663 102,114 252,769 99,291 29,076 638,617
Non-current assets 146,703 8,663 102,114 252,769 99,291 29,076 641,122

Increase / (decrease) in amounts written off stocks, contracts in progress

YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 CONTINUING OPERATIONS
IN THOUSANDS OF EUR BELGIUM FRANCE NETHERLANDS UK OTHER ELIMINATIONS +
CORPORATE
COMPANIES
TOTAL
Current assets 37,085 13,679 14,947 36,151 18,477 4,720 171,507
Segment assets 37,085 13,679 14,947 36,151 18,477 4,720 125,059
Unallocated assets: 46,448
VAT receivables 5,280
Income tax receivables 1,075
Cash and cash equivalents 40,093
Total assets 183,788 22,342 117,061 288,920 117,768 33,796 812,629
Non-current liabilities 1,717 591 762 - 591 2,676 239,584
Segment liabilities 1,717 591 762 - 591 2,676 6,337
Unallocated liabilities: 233,247
Deferred tax liabilities 50,737
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings 158,010
Other non-current liabilities 24,500
Current liabilities 39,786 9,968 11,078 27,108 16,158 18,007 170,568
Segment liabilities 39,786 9,968 11,078 27,108 16,158 18,007 122,105
Unallocated liabilities: 48,463
VAT payables 254
Tax payables 11,630
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings 36,579
Total liabilities 410,152
OTHER SEGMENT INFORMATION
Capital expenditure:
Tangible fixed assets 10,363 787 2,181 1,437 29,059 1,656 45,483
Intangible fixed assets 8 - - - - 1,184 1,192
Depreciation 9,139 1,026 2,675 712 2,588 1,614 17,754

and trade debtors 961 289 459 52 360 14 2,135

Segment reporting by geographical region (2018)

For the purpose of sales, production and internal reporting, the Group is classified according to geographical regions. The regions presented in the segment reporting, which are based on the internal reporting system, are composed as follows:

  • Belgium: sales by Sales Office Belgium and intra-group sales by factories in Belgium
  • France: sales by Sales Office France and intra-group sales by factories in France
  • The Netherlands: sales by Sales Office Netherlands and intra-group sales by factories in the Netherlands
  • UK: sales by Sales Office UK, Natural Balance Foods, Urban Fresh Foods and Kiddylicious
  • Other: sales from Belgium to countries without own Sales Office and by own Sales Offices in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, the Czech Republic/Slovakia, United States, Spain, China, South Korea, Sweden/Finland plus production in Sweden.

Sales between the various segments are carried out at arm's length.

YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2018 CONTINUING OPERATIONS
IN THOUSANDS OF EUR BELGIUM FRANCE NETHERLANDS UK OTHER (1) ELIMINATIONS +
CORPORATE
COMPANIES
TOTAL
TURNOVER
Sales to external customers 148,948 69,189 87,629 116,229 134,440 - 556,435
Inter-segment sales 102,958 13,564 2,276 6,769 790 (126,357) -
Total turnover 251,906 82,753 89,905 122,998 135,230 (126,357) 556,435
RESULTS
Segment result REBIT 34,468 3,114 15,478 12,041 20,946 8,983 95,030
Non-recurrent operating result (416) - 67 - (1,385) (1,271) (3,005)
Segment result EBIT 34,052 3,114 15,545 12,041 19,561 7,712 92,025
Financial result (3,324)
Profit for the year before taxes 88,701
Taxes (20,829)
Result after taxes 67,872
ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
Non-current assets 143,724 8,230 107,390 191,504 70,034 20,829 545,647
Segment assets 143,724 8,230 107,390 191,504 70,034 20,829 541,711
Unallocated assets: 3,936
Deferred tax assets 3,936
YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2018 CONTINUING OPERATIONS
IN THOUSANDS OF EUR BELGIUM FRANCE NETHERLANDS UK OTHER (1) ELIMINATIONS +
CORPORATE
COMPANIES
TOTAL
Current assets 29,759 12,399 16,210 33,098 19,743 4,093 165,925
Segment assets 29,759 12,399 16,210 33,098 19,743 4,093 115,302
Unallocated assets: 50,623
VAT receivables 4,503
Income tax receivables 523
Cash and cash equivalents 45,597
Total assets 711,572
Non-current liabilities 1,539 679 873 - 478 2,646 198,042
Segment liabilities 1,539 679 873 - 478 2,646 6,215
Unallocated liabilities: 191,827
Deferred tax liabilities 52,725
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings 116,500
Other non-current liabilities 22,602
Current liabilities 39,302 7,821 8,033 19,295 26,471 13,965 166,603
Segment liabilities 39,302 7,821 8,033 19,295 26,471 13,965 114,887
Unallocated liabilities: 51,716
VAT payables 300
Tax payables 14,761
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings 36,655
Total liabilities 364,645
OTHER SEGMENT INFORMATION
Capital expenditure:
Tangible fixed assets 17,831 1,073 4,254 77 34,795 1,779 59,809
Intangible fixed assets 257 - 13 - - 175 445
Depreciation 7,911 748 2,241 110 635 1,297 12,942

trade debtors 895 122 265 374 48 2 1,706

(1) 'Other' segment: there are no geographical regions representing more than 10% of total sales.

Decrease / (increase) in amounts written off stocks, contracts in progress and

4. Acquisitions and disposal of subsidiaries

Lotus South Africa Manufacturing Ltd.

In 2015, Lotus Bakeries acquired BEAR, a brand that offers natural snacks made from pure fruit. BEAR only uses gently baked, freshly picked seasonal fruits. The products are free from added sugars, concentrate, preservatives and stabilisers. After the successful commercial integration, the next step was the integration of production. On 31 May, Lotus Bakeries acquired control of Lotus South Africa Manufacturing Ltd., the company which manufactures BEAR products.

The total purchase price was EUR 46.5 million, broken down as set out below:

PROVISIONAL FAIR
IN THOUSANDS OF EUR VALUE
Purchase price 46,532
Property, plant and equipment 3,308
Stocks 1,005
Trade and other receivables 473
Cash and cash equivalents 773
Trade and other payables (1,114)
Tax payables (130)
TOTAL NET ASSETS 4,315
GOODWILL 42,217

The goodwill of EUR 42.2 million arising from the acquisition relates to a variety of components. With this acquisition, Lotus Bakeries set up a vertical integration to achieve greater quality control of BEAR production activities and boost flexibility for new product development. There is also direct access to suppliers of fresh fruit in the Ceres valley. The results of Lotus South Africa Manufacturing Ltd. are included in the consolidation as from June 2019. As of the end of December 2019, there were no changes to the fair value set in May 2019.

Kiddylicious

In July 2018, Lotus Bakeries acquired 100% of the shares of Kiddylicious. This food company creates responsible and delicious snacks for growing babies, toddlers and pre-schoolers. The total acquisition price was EUR 49.2 million. The results are consolidated as from 26 July 2018. At 31 December 2018, the fair value of the assets and liabilities was determined in order to calculate the goodwill arising from this acquisition. This analysis was further refined in 2019 and the final value of the acquired assets and liabilities was calculated during a period of twelve months following the acquisition date. The purchase price is composed as follows:

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR PROVISIONAL FAIR
VALUE
FAIR VALUE
Purchase price 49,183 49,183
Intangible assets 16,014 16,014
Stocks 1,847 1,847
Trade and other receivables 3,179 3,179
Cash and cash equivalents 899 899
Other assets 46 46
Deferred tax liabilities (2,236) (1,799)
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings (559) (559)
Trade and other payables (7,575) (10,148)
TOTAL NET ASSETS 11,615 9,479
GOODWILL 37,568 39,704

The goodwill of kEUR 39.7 arising from the acquisition relates to various components. Kiddylicious is a perfect strategic fit for the Natural Foods business unit of Lotus Bakeries, which was established following the acquisition of the Nākd, TREK, BEAR and Urban Fruit brands in 2015.

The Kiddylicious brand includes an extensive range, of which the most important products are Wafers, Veggie Straws and Melts. These products enrich the product range in the healthy snacking segment. Kiddylicious products can already be Document to which our report dated 07/04/2020 also refers. Initials for identification purposes PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren - PwC Réviseurs d'Entreprises. found in multiple countries and, with the help of Lotus Bakeries' international sales team, its international growth can be accelerated.

The combined activities of the Kiddylicious companies (The Kids Food Company Ltd. and Kiddylicious International Ltd.) represent the lowest level (cash generating unit) within the Group at which goodwill is monitored for internal management purposes.

5. Tangible assets

Tangible assets are purchased by and are the full property of Lotus Bakeries. This includes land and buildings, machinery and office equipment. The right-of-use assets arising from the new IFRS 16 leases standard are an exception to this. The tangible assets are unencumbered with the exception of the notes included in 32.4.

Once again in 2019, the main investments relate to expansions of capacity. Investments totalled EUR 45.5 million. They mainly relate to the new factory in the United States. This factory, with two production lines, went into operation at the beginning of August 2019. When operating continuously at full capacity – with these two production lines – the factory can meet a large proportion of US demand.

During 2019, investments were also made in product innovation such as Madeleine Chocolate and the new Lotus Biscoff cookie, consisting of two round Lotus Biscoff cookies with a filling between them, to be launched in 2020.

In addition to investing in the expansion of capacity and product innovation, the company also invested in new offices for the Belgian team in Lembeke.

(45,168)
(3,415)
53
(1,303)
143
(26)
(49,718)
121,299
(184,902)
(9,870)
223
(41)
172
(70)
(194,487)
125,455
(14,011)
(878)
144
(1,604)
(6)
(19)
(16,374)
7,740
(164)
-
-
-
14
-
(150)
9,298
(244,245)
(14,163)
420
(2,948)
322
(115)
(260,729)
263,793
319,943 24,114 9,448 524,521
2,581 688 180 3,449
50 (55) 84 630 709
6,447 219 5,114 - 11,780
39,392 27,024 467 (66,882) 0
(533) (234) (276) - (1,042)
3,326 5,227 1,746 35,184 45,483
287,074 16,798 40,516 464,142
LAND
AND
MACHINERY
AND
EQUIPMENT
OFFICE EQUIP
MENT AND
VEHICLES
UNDER
CONSTRUC
TION
TOTAL
BUILDINGS
119,754
171,017
PLANT, FURNITURE, ASSETS

07/04/2020 also refers.

Initials for identification purposes

PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren - PwC Réviseurs d'Entreprises.

Total acquisition cost 119,754 287,074 16,798 40,516 464,142
Newly granted capital grants (622) (8) - - (630)
Acquisistion through business combinations - 5 144 - 149
Translation differences (205) (263) (6) 96 (378)
Transfers from one heading to another 918 10 - (928) -
Sales and disposals (1,335) (1,599) (88) - (3,022)
Acquisition during the year 12,093 13,366 841 33,509 59,809
At the end of the preceding year 108,905 275,563 15,907 7,839 408,214
Acquisition cost
On 31 December 2018
IN THOUSANDS OF EUR LAND
AND
BUILDINGS
PLANT,
MACHINERY
AND
EQUIPMENT
FURNITURE,
OFFICE EQUIP
MENT AND
VEHICLES
ASSETS
UNDER
CONSTRUC
TION
TOTAL
During 2019 no newly granted capital grants were
received and kEUR 60 of capital grants were taken
into the income statement, giving at year end a
remaining balance of kEUR 1,000, which is deducted
from the net book value as reported in the above
tables of movements.

INVESTMENT GRANTS

On 31 December 2019 2018
At the end of
the preceding year
(1,060) (485)
Taken into the income
statement
60 55
Newly granted
capital grants
- (630)
At the end of the year (1,000) (1,060)

Depreciation and amounts written down

NET BOOK VALUE 74,586 102,172 2,787 40,352 219,897
Total depreciation and amounts
written down
(45,168) (184,902) (14,011) (164) (244,245)
Acquisistion through business combinations - (5) (144) - (149)
Translation differences 69 213 7 7 296
Sales and disposals - 1,570 77 - 1,647
Depreciation during the year (2,731) (8,830) (690) - (12,251)
At the end of the preceding year (42,506) (177,850) (13,261) (171) (233,788)

6. Goodwill

The carrying value of goodwill at the end of 2019 is EUR 229 million.

For sales, production and internal reporting, the Group is organised into geographic regions (see also geographic segment information). The segments consist of underlying business units. These business units represent the lowest level within the Group at which the goodwill is monitored for internal management purposes. These business units are the cash generating units to which goodwill is allocated.

The net carrying value of goodwill has been allocated to the various independent cash generating units as follows:

Cash flow-generating unit Amount kEUR
Netherlands (Koninklijke Peijnenburg) 17,151
Spain (Lotus Bakeries España S.L.) 1,695
Sweden (AB Annas Pepparkakor) 5,874
Customer Brand Business
(Biscuiterie Willems BV and B.W.I. BV)
20,773
Lotus Bakeries Korea Co. Ltd. 9,570
Natural Foods 174,302
Total 229,365

The change for the year is due to the acquisition of Lotus South Africa Manufacturing Ltd., translation differences and a change in Kiddylicious' opening balance sheet and goodwill.

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 2019 2018
Acquisition cost
Balance at end of previous year 177,639 141,001
Acquisitions of subsidiaries 44,355 37,568
Effect of movements in
foreign exchange rates
7,371 (930)
Balance at end of year 229,365 177,639

Goodwill, representing approximately 28% of the total assets of Lotus Bakeries at 31 December 2019, is tested for impairment every year (or whenever there is a specific reason to do so) by comparing the carrying value of each cash generating unit (CGU) with its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount of a cash generating unit is determined on the basis of the calculated value in use.

The value in use is determined as the present value of expected future cash flows based on the current long-term planning of the Group. The discount rate used in determining the present value of expected future cash flows is based on a weighted average cost of capital (WACC). The impairment test for goodwill is based on a number of critical judgements, estimates and assumptions. The assumptions are consistent and realistic for the six cash generating units, which are mainly located in Europe:

  • Revenue and gross profit margin: revenue and gross profit margin reflect management's expectations based on past experience and taking into account the risks specific to the reportable business unit.
  • The first year of the model is based on the budget for the year; the budget is taking into account historical results and is management's best estimate of the free cash flow outlook for the current year.
  • In years two to five of the model, free cash flows are based on Lotus Bakeries' long-term plan. The longterm plan of Lotus Bakeries is prepared country by country, based on realistic internal plans that take into account the specific market situation and the past.
  • Cash flows beyond the first five years are extrapolated by applying a growth rate to free cash flows, lying between 1% and 3%.
  • Projections are discounted at the weighted average pre-tax cost of capital, which lies between 4.8% and 6.2%. The pre-tax discount rate is calculated by dividing the discount rate after tax by one minus the applicable tax rate. This result is not materially different from an iterative calculation method as described in IAS 36.

End 2019, Lotus Bakeries has completed its annual impairment test on goodwill and concluded from this that no further impairment allowance is necessary. Lotus Bakeries believes all of its estimates to be reasonable: they are consistent with the internal reporting and reflect management's best estimates.

As a part of the valuation test, Lotus Bakeries carried out a sensitivity analysis for important assumptions used, including the weighted average capital costs and long term growth percentage. Here, a fall in the longterm growth percentage by 100 basis points and an increase in the weighted average capital costs before tax by 100 basis points were applied. A change in the estimates used, as described above, does not lead to a potential material impairment.

Although Lotus Bakeries believes that its assessments, assumptions and estimates are suitable, actual results may differ from these estimates in the event of changed assumptions and conditions.

7. Intangible assets

Intangible assets refer to brands, software and an acquired customer portfolio.

The brands relate to:

  • the Peijnenburg brand
  • the Annas brand
  • the Nākd brand
  • the BEAR brand
  • the Dinosaurus brand
  • the Kiddylicious brand

The value of these brands was established as part of the valuation at fair value of the asset and liability components upon first consolidation.

As the Peijnenburg brand serves as the base brand in the Netherlands, it is not amortised. In accordance with the valuation rules, its fair value is tested annually, using the DCF method. The 'Netherlands' segment is defined here as a cash generating unit.

The Annas brand is used as the base brand for the Nordic region and as the base brand for its pepparkakor products outside the Nordic region. This brand is not being amortised. Here too, the fair value is tested annually using the DCF method. The activity in the Nordic region plus the pepparkakor activity outside this region are defined as a cash generating unit. This cash generating unit is part of the segment 'Other' in note 3.

In 2012 the intellectual property rights in the Dinosaurus brand were acquired. Based on an analysis of all relevant factors, there is no foreseeable limit to the period of time over which this brand is expected to generate cash flows. The Dinosaurus brand has been assigned indefinite useful life and therefore is not amortised.

In 2015, the Nākd brand was acquired as part of the acquisition of Natural Balance Foods. Nākd is loved by customers for its delicious, innovative products made from 100% natural ingredients with no added sugar. They are dairy, wheat and gluten free. Since Nākd is the base brand of Natural Balance Foods in the UK and elsewhere, it is not amortised. In accordance with the valuation rules, its fair value is tested annually, using the DCF method. Accordingly, the sale of Nākd products in the UK and elsewhere is treated as a cash generating unit.

At the end of 2015, the BEAR brand was acquired as part of the acquisition of Urban Fresh Foods. The BEAR brand is the market leader in the UK for 100% fruit snacks for children. Since BEAR is the base brand of Urban Fresh Foods in the UK and elsewhere, it is not amortised. In accordance with the valuation rules, its fair value is tested annually, using the DCF method. Accordingly, the sale of BEAR products in the UK and elsewhere is treated as a cash generating unit.

In 2018, the Kiddylicious brand was acquired as part of the acquisition of Kiddylicious. Delicious, nutritious, portion-controlled snacks for growing babies, toddlers and pre-schoolers are marketed under this brand. Since Kiddylicious is the base brand in the UK and elsewhere, it is not amortised. In accordance with the valuation rules, its fair value is tested annually, using the DCF method. Accordingly, the sale of Kiddylicious products in the UK and elsewhere is treated as a cash generating unit.

At year-end 2019, the Group tested the value of these brands for possible impairment. Taking into account the assumptions used, the value in use of the unit exceeds its carrying amount and no impairment loss was recognised.

The main judgements, assumptions and estimates are:

  • Revenue and gross profit margin: revenue and gross profit margin reflect management's expectations based on past experience and taking into account the risks specific to the cash generating unit.

  • The first year of the model is based on the budget for the year, taking into account historical results and is management's best estimate of the free cash flow outlook for the current year;

  • In years two to five of the model, free cash flows are based on Lotus Bakeries' long-term plan. The long-term plan of Lotus Bakeries is prepared country by country, based on realistic internal plans that take into account the specific market situation and the past.
  • Cash flows beyond the first five years are extrapolated by applying a growth rate to free cash flows, lying between 1% and 3%.
  • Projections are discounted at the weighted average pre-tax cost of capital, which lies between 5% and 6%. The pre-tax discount rate is calculated by dividing the discount rate after tax by one minus the applicable tax rate. This result is not materially different from an iterative calculation method as described in IAS 36.

As a part of the valuation test, Lotus Bakeries carried out a sensitivity analysis for important assumptions used, including the weighted average capital costs and long term growth percentage. Here, a fall in the longterm growth percentage by 100 basis points and an increase in the weighted average capital costs before tax by 100 basis points were applied. A change in the estimates used, as included above, does not lead to a potential material impairment.

Although Lotus Bakeries believes that its assessments, assumptions and estimates are suitable, actual results may differ from these estimates in the event of changed assumptions and conditions.

Software relates mainly to the capitalised external and internal costs connected with the further rollout of the ERP information system SAP across the Lotus Bakeries Group.

The portfolio concerns Spanish out-of-home customers purchased in 2011.

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR INDEFINITE
LIFE
BRANDS
DEFINITE
LIFE
BRANDS
SOFTWARE CUSTOMER
PORTFOLIO
TOTAL
On 31 December 2019
Acquisition cost
At the end of the preceding year 137,489 4,627 10,578 1,030 153,724
Acquisitions during the year - - 1,192 - 1,192
Translation differences 3,268 - 11 - 3,279
Acquisition through business combinations - - - -
Total acquisition cost 140,757 4,627 11,781 1,030 158,195
Depreciation and amounts written down
At the end of the preceding year - (4,627) (9,463) (747) (14,837)
Depreciation during the year - - (550) (94) (644)
Translation differences - - (5) - (5)
Total depreciation and amounts
written down
- (4,627) (10,018) (841) (15,486)
NET BOOK VALUE 140,757 - 1,763 189 142,709
NET BOOK VALUE 137,489 - 1,115 283 138,887
Total depreciation and amounts
written down
- (4,627) (9,463) (747) (14,837)
Translation differences - - (10) - (10)
Depreciation during the year - - (588) (103) (691)
At the end of the preceding year - (4,627) (8,865) (644) (14,136)
Depreciation and amounts written down
Total acquisition cost 137,489 4,627 10,578 1,030 153,724
Translation differences 16,014 - - - 16,014
Sales and disposals (805) - 10 - (795)
Acquisitions during the year - - 445 - 445
At the end of the preceding year 122,280 4,627 10,123 1,030 138,060
Acquisition cost
On 31 December 2018
IN THOUSANDS OF EUR INDEFINITE
LIFE
BRANDS
DEFINITE
LIFE
BRANDS
SOFTWARE CUSTOMER
PORTFOLIO
TOTAL

8. Deferred taxes

Deferred tax assets are included for the companies which have a loss at the end of the year. The recognition of these deferred tax assets is supported by profit expectations in the foreseeable future

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR ON
31 DECEMBER
2018
CHARGED/
CREDITED TO
THE INCOME
STATEMENT
CHARGED/
CREDITED TO
EQUITY
CHARGED/
CREDITED
ACQUISITION
EXCHANGE
DIFFERENCES
ON
31 DECEMBER
2019
Property, plant and equipment
and intangible assets
(47,580) (8,495) - (77) (499) (56,651)
Inventories 415 (50) - - 8 373
Pension liabilities 702 19 46 - - 767
Tax effect of tax loss carry
forwards
2,239 6,820 - - (57) 9,002
Provisions (2,006) (55) - - - (2,061)
Derivative financial instruments (98) 370 310 - - 582
Other (2,461) 1,673 - 470 74 (244)
Total deferred tax (48,789) 282 356 393 (474) (48,232)
IN THOUSANDS OF EUR ON
31 DECEMBER
2017
CHARGED/
CREDITED TO
THE INCOME
STATEMENT
CHARGED/
CREDITED TO
EQUITY
CHARGED/
CREDITED
ACQUISITION
EXCHANGE
DIFFERENCES
ON
31 DECEMBER
2018
Property, plant and equipment
and intangible assets
(44,646) (372) - (2,722) 160 (47,580)
Inventories 291 120 - - 4 415
Pension liabilities 586 39 77 - - 702
Tax effect of tax loss carry
forwards
2,880 (612) - - (29) 2,239
Provisions (1,966) (40) - - - (2,006)
Derivative financial instruments (554) - 456 - - (98)
Other (1,487) (1,767) - 486 307 (2,461)
Total deferred tax (44,896) (2,632) 533 (2,236) 442 (48,789)

9. Participations, investments in other companies and other long-term receivables

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 31-12-2019 31-12-2018
Participating interests 0 2,448

In March 2018, an agreement was reached with Grassroots, the former co-manufacturer of the BEAR range, for the acquisition of the production activities relating to BEAR. In 2018, an initial payment was made for this, which was reported for accounting purposes under participating interests. The factory became fully operational during 2019, marking the completion of the acquisition of Lotus South Africa Manufacturing Ltd. and its inclusion in the scope of consolidation.

10. Inventories

Total 44,461 39,066
Goods for resale 11,672 9,318
Finished goods 18,332 18,551
Work in progress 3,038 433
Raw materials and consumables 11,419 10,764
IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 31-12-2019 31-12-2018

Valuation allowances of kEUR 2,236 relate mainly to raw materials (kEUR 68), packaging material (kEUR 647), finished products (kEUR 1,390) and goods for resale (kEUR 103). In 2018, valuation allowances amounted to kEUR 1,551.

Total 507 2,828
Other long-term receivables (6) 10
Cash guarantees 513 538
Derivative financial instruments 0 2,280
IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 31-12-2019 31-12-2018

At the end of 2019, the Group had no forward hedges and/or options contracts for foreign exchange risks, as was the case at the end of 2018.

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 31-12-2019 31-12-2018
Investments in other companies 2,243 12

In 2019, Lotus Bakeries set up incubator fund FF2032 NV, creating a platform for investment in promising brands and growth companies offering innovative products, technologies or market approaches within the food sector. In July 2019, the fund took its first 20% stake in Peter's Yard, which is an associated company of Lotus Bakeries. The agreement also allows for the acquisition of all of the shares in phases.

11. Trade receivables and other amounts receivable

The amount of valuation allowances in 2019 is kEUR 140. In 2018, kEUR 155 of valuation allowances were charged. The trade receivables represent an average of 47 days of sales outstanding (2018: 45 days).

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 31-12-2019 31-12-2018
Trade receivables 79,072 71,097
Tax receivables
VAT receivables 5,280 4,503
Income tax receivables 1,075 523
Total 6,355 5,026
Other amounts receivable 172 2,993

The other current amounts receivables item includes amongst others the proportion of long-term receivables that are due within one year and empties in custody. The drop compared with 2018 is due to a receivable relating to the sale of a tangible asset.

Movements on valuation allowances of trade receivables:

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 2019 2018
Amounts written off on 1 January 611 434
Increase of amounts written off 140 155
Amounts written off used during the year (70) 22
Amounts written off on 31 December 681 611

With regard to trade receivables there are no indications that debtors will not meet their payment obligations. Nor are there any customers representing more than 10% of the consolidated turnover. IFRS 9 requires Lotus Bakeries to establish a provision for expected losses on the recovery of trade receivables. The application of this new IFRS standard has no material impact. More information regarding the credit risk is included in the chapter 'Report of the Board of Directors' in part 1 of the Lotus Bakeries 2019 annual report.

12. Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents are balances on bank accounts remunerated at market conditions. The market value of these cash and cash equivalents is therefore equal to the carrying value.

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 31-12-2019 31-12-2018
Cash and cash equivalents 40,093 45,597
Total 40,093 45,597

13. Net financial debt

Net financial debt is defined as interest-bearing financial debt less monetary investments, cash and cash equivalents and treasury shares.

Net financial debt has increased by kEUR 33,539 compared with the end of the previous financial year.

The increase is due to investments in non-current assets in, amongst others, the new factory in the US and the acquisition of Lotus South Africa Manufacturing Ltd. This increase is partially offset by very strong operating cash flow.

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 31-12-2019 31-12-2018
Non current interest-bearing liabilities (152,003) (116,500)
Short term interest-bearing liabilities (33,647) (36,655)
Cash and cash equivalents 40,093 45,597
Treasury shares 15,866 11,406
Net financial debt excl. IFRS 16 leases standard (129,691) (96,152)
IFRS 16 leases standard (8,939) 0
Total (138,630) (96,152)

14. Issued capital

All shares are ordinary shares, registered or dematerialised. The treasury shares have been purchased as part of the share option plans mentioned in note 24.

Ordinary shares, issued and fully paid

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 2019 2018
On 1 January 3,590 3,584
Increase 1 6
On 31 December 3,591 3,590
Number of ordinary shares
On 1 January 815,733 814,433
Increase 280 1,300
On 31 December 816,013 815,733
Less: treasury shares held at 31 December (9,681) (9,740)
Shares outstanding at 31 December 806,332 805,993
Amounts of authorized capital, not issued
IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 942 943

Structure of shareholdings

Further details of the shareholding structure of Lotus Bakeries NV as of 31 December 2019 are contained in the Corporate Governance Statement in part 1 of the 2019 annual report of Lotus Bakeries.

Capital risk management

The goal of Lotus Bakeries as far as capital management is concerned is to ensure that Lotus Bakeries can continue to operate as a going concern in order to generate a return for shareholders and provide benefits for other stakeholders. Furthermore, Lotus Bakeries aims for a capital structure (balance between debt and equity) that gives it the required financial flexibility to implement its growth strategy. The aim is to maintain the ratio of net financial debt (defined as interest-bearing financial debt less monetary investments, cash equivalents and treasury shares) to recurring operating cash flow (REBITDA) at what is considered as a normal healthy level in the financial market.

15. Dividends

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 2019 2018
Dividend payments in
Gross dividend per ordinary share (EUR) 29.00 19.50
Gross dividend on ordinary shares 23,664 15,887
Proposed dividend per ordinary share (EUR) 32.00 29.00
Gross dividend on ordinary shares 26,112 23,664

The Board of Directors will propose to the Ordinary Shareholders' Meeting of 8 May 2020 to pay a gross dividend of EUR 32.00 per share for 2019 compared to EUR 29.00 per share in 2018.

This amount is not recognised as a debt on 31 December.

16. Treasury shares

Treasury shares purchased as part of the stock option plans as declared in note 24 are subtracted from equity.

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 2019 2018
On 1 January 11,406 13,919
Purchased during the year 5,625 173
Sold during the year (1,165) (2,686)
On 31 December 15,866 11,406
Number of treasury shares
On 1 January 9,740 15,171
Purchased during the year 2,250 80
Sold during the year (2,309) (5,511)
On 31 December 9,681 9,740
IN THOUSANDS OF EUR DUE
WITHIN
1 YEAR
DUE
BETWEEN
1 TO 5 YEARS
DUE
AFTER
5 YEARS
TOTAL
Non current interest-bearing
liabilities
- 122,003 30,000 152,003
Current interest-bearing
liabilities
33,647 - - 33,647
Total interest-bearing
liabilities 2019
33,647 122,003 30,000 185,650
IFRS 16 leases standard 2,932 6,007 - 8,939
Total on 31 December 2019 36,579 128,010 30,000 194,589
IN THOUSANDS OF EUR DUE
WITHIN
1 YEAR
DUE
BETWEEN
1 TO 5 YEARS
DUE
AFTER
5 YEARS
TOTAL
Total interest-bearing
liabilities 2019
33,647 122,003 30,000 185,650
Interests due on non current
interest-bearing liabilities
1,823 4,746 529 7,098

17. Interest-bearing liabilities

Non-current financial debts with an initial maturity of more than 1 year increased by kEUR 35,503. The current interest-bearing liabilities decreased by kEUR 3,008. The currency of all non-current interest-bearing liabilities is euro. Current interest-bearing liabilities are mainly expressed in euro.

All interest-bearing liabilities were contracted at market conditions and therefore the carrying amount approximates the fair value.

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR DUE
WITHIN
1 YEAR
DUE
BETWEEN
1 TO 5 YEARS
DUE
AFTER
5 YEARS
TOTAL
Non current interest-bearing
liabilities
- 116,500 - 116,500
Current interest-bearing
liabilities
36,655 - - 36,655
Total on 31 December 2018 36,655 116,500 - 153,155
Interests due on non current
interest-bearing liabilities
1,805 4,382 - 6,187

The interests due on the loans with variable interest rate are calculated at the actual interest rate.

The introduction of the new IFRS standard for leases gives rise to a liability, equal to future lease payments. These are discounted at 1.4% for leases with a term of up to six years and 1.66% for leases with a term of more than six years.

The unused committed credit lines amounted to kEUR 193,059 on 31 December 2019.

18. Pension liabilities

Defined contribution plan

As part of a defined contribution plan, the Group pays contributions to well-defined insurance institutions. Management of the pension plan is outsourced to an insurance company. These employer contributions are subtracted from the results for the year concerned. The Group has no further payment obligations in addition to these contributions.

Because of the Belgian legislation applicable to 2nd pillar pension plans (so-called 'Law Vandenbroucke'), all Belgian defined contribution plans have to be considered under IFRS as defined benefit plans. This 'Law Vandenbroucke', which came into force in 2004, states that in the context of defined contribution plans, the employer must guarantee a minimum return of 3.75% on employee contributions and 3.25% on employer contributions. As from 1 January 2016, these percentages will be replaced by a single percentage which changes in line with market rates, subject to a minimum of 1.75% and a maximum of 3.75%, reducing the risk for the employer.

Because of this minimum guaranteed return for defined contribution plans in Belgium, the employer is exposed to a financial risk (there is a legal obligation to pay further contributions if the fund does not hold sufficient assets to pay all employee benefits relating to employee service in the current and prior periods). These plans should therefore in principle be classified and accounted for as defined benefit plans under IAS 19.

In the past the company did not apply the defined benefit accounting for these plans because the return on plan assets provided by insurance companies was sufficient to cover the minimum guaranteed return. As a result of continuous low interest rates offered by the European financial markets, the employers in Belgium effectively assumed a higher financial risk related to the pension plans with a minimum fixed guaranteed return than in the past, requiring them to measure the potential impact of defined benefit accounting for these plans. We made an estimate of the potential additional liabilities as at 31 December 2019 and these are assessed as not significant. The employer's contribution related to the plans amounted to a total of kEUR 1,266 in 2019.

In the Netherlands a defined benefit pension plan has been concluded with BPF ('Stichting Bedrijfstakpensioenfonds voor de Zoetwarenindustrie' (collective schemes of several employers in the sector)). The employer pays an annual fixed percentage on a part of the salary (pension base) of the year in which pension is accrued. Because employers pay a fixed contribution, the scheme falls under the defined contribution scheme.

The Group expects to pay around kEUR 3,756 of contributions to these defined contribution plans in respect of 2020.

Defined benefit pension plan

There is a defined benefit pension plan in the subsidiaries in Germany and the Netherlands. For the Belgian companies, there are provisions for early retirement in accordance with the valid Collective Work Agreement. In France, there are pension requirements deriving from legal requirements.

Defined benefit costs are split into 2 categories:

  • Current service cost, past-service cost, gains and losses on curtailments and settlements;
  • Net interest expense or income.

The total service cost, the net interest expense, the remeasurement of other long term personnel charges, administrative expenses and taxes for the year are included in the personnel charges in the consolidated income statement. The remeasurement on the net defined benefit liability is included in the statement of comprehensive income as part of other comprehensive income.

The provisions for early retirement pensions ('bridging pensions') of the Belgian companies make up the largest part of the defined benefit pension liabilities. For the defined benefit pension plan, provisions are formed by calculating the actuarial value of future payments to the employees in question. No investments are held in respect of these pension plans.

The actuarial calculation for the Belgian companies is based on the following assumptions:

2019 2018
Discount rate 0.27% 1.15%
Inflation rate 1.80% p.a. 1.80% p.a.

No major adaptations were required in the past for pension liabilities.

The Group expects to pay out around kEUR 21 in 2020 under defined benefit pension schemes for Germany and France.

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 2019 2018
Net periodic cost
Service cost 102 103
Interest charges 46 33
(Gains) / losses 81 (52)
NET PERIODIC COST 229 84
Remeasurements (recognised in OCI)
Remeasurements on the defined benefit obligation 170 (199)
REMEASUREMENTS 170 (199)
Movement in the net liability
Net debts as at 1 January 3,754 3,998
Service cost 102 103
Interest charges 46 33
Remeasurements 170 (199)
Employers contribution (117) (129)
(Gains) / losses 81 (52)
Other - -
NET DEBT AS AT 31 DECEMBER 4,036 3,754

Through its defined benefit plans, the Group is exposed to a number of risks, the most significant of which are detailed below:

  • Changes in bond yields: a decrease in corporate bond yields will increase plan liabilities, although this will be partially offset by an increase in the value of the plan's bond holdings.
  • Salary risk: the majority of the plans' benefit obligations are calculated by reference to the future salaries of plan members. As such, a higher than expected salary increase of plan members will lead to higher liabilities.
  • Longevity risk: pension plans provide for benefits for the life of the plan members, so increases in life expectancy will result in an increase in the plan's liabilities.

The actuary has performed a sensitivity analysis on actuarial assumptions used. In this respect, both the discount rate and the inflation rate were altered by 50 basis points. A change in the estimates used, as recorded above, does not lead to a possible material impact on Lotus Bakeries' financial statements.

19. Provisions

The provisions mainly relate to contractual or legal obligations towards personnel.

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR TOTAL
Provisions on 1 januari 2019 398
Increase of provisions -
Acquisistion through business combinations -
Reversal of unutilised provisions (2)
Provisions used during the year (90)
Provisions on
31 December 2018
306
Long-term 285
Short-term 21
IN THOUSANDS OF EUR TOTAL
Provisions on 1 januari 2018 435
Increase of provisions -
Acquisistion through business combinations -
Reversal of unutilised provisions (16)
Provisions used during the year (21)
Provisions on
31 December 2018
398
Long-term 377
Short-term 21

Current provisions are expected to be settled within 12 months.

20. Financial derivatives

The Lotus Bakeries Group uses financial derivatives to cover risks from adverse exchange rate and interest rate fluctuations. No derivatives are used for trading purposes. Financial derivatives are initially valued at cost price and thereafter at fair value.

Interest rate hedges

The interest rate contracts cover the interest rate risk of the financial liabilities with variable interest rates based on the Euribor. The fair value of the interest rate derivatives is calculated using a model that takes into account the available market information on current and expected interest rates (level 2 valuation).

In 2016, Lotus Bakeries acquired additional finance with bank loans worth EUR 18 million over a period of 7 years (variable rate), for which seven-year interest rate agreements were entered into at the same time (variable for fixed) to hedge against fluctuations in cash flow caused by changes in interest rates.

In 2015, Lotus Bakeries already acquired finance with bank loans worth EUR 40 million (over a period of 5 years) and EUR 57 million (over a period of 7 years), for which interest rate agreements were entered into at the same time (variable for fixed) to hedge against fluctuations in cash flow caused by changes in interest rates.

The maturity dates and nominal value of the interest rate swaps ('hedging instrument') correspond to those of the underlying debt ('hedged position'), and the transaction meets the hedge accounting requirements (cf. IAS 39). The Group has identified and documented these transactions as a 'cashflow hedge' and processed this in the accounts as such from the issue dates.

In 2019, a new long-term finance agreement was signed, under which some of the past long-term loans will be repaid early, together with the associated interest rate swaps. This early repayment already partially took place in the current financial year. This new long-term finance agreement was signed at a fixed interest rate. The new finance was partially recognised in 2019 and the remainder will be recognised in 2020.

As at 31 December 2019, the market value of these interest rate swaps was kEUR -2,340, of which EUR -1,478k were recognised in the income statement. These are interest rate swaps associated to loans for which refunding is foreseen. The remaining sum of kEUR -862, relating to the interest rate swap for which no refinancing took place, was recognised as a change in market value of these interest rate swaps in equity under other comprehensive income (loss on cash flow hedge).

Exchange rate hedges

The Group is subject to foreign currency risks. The main foreign currency transactions take place in USD, GBP, ZAR, CHF, SEK, CNY and KRW. The net foreign exchange risk of these currencies are hedged by forward and/or option contracts whenever there exists a material uncovered net risk for the Group. At the end of 2018, Lotus Bakeries owned a foreign currency derivative, which expired during 2019.

The fair value of the foreign currency derivatives is calculated using a valuation model based on the available market data on exchange rates and interest rates (level 2 valuation).

Fair value of derivative financial instruments

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 2019 2018
Financial derivatives
Fair value (2,340) (39)
Cost / (revenue) in results before tax 1,478 (1)
Decrease / (increase) in equity before tax 822 1,594

The financial instruments are level 2 instruments. The fair value is calculated on the basis of the available market information. With respect to put options on non-controlling interests, please refer to note 21.

21. Other non-current liabilities

Other non-current liabilities mainly concern the impact of the financial liability relating to put options granted to third parties with respect to the entire non-controlling interest in Natural Balance Foods Ltd., where these put options give holders the right to sell part or the whole of their investment in this subsidiary. This financial liability, amounting to EUR 24.5 million, does not give rise to interest expenses. The options were exercisable for the first time in 2017 and expire in 2024.

These put options are unconditional and the exercise price depends on the future results (turnover and operating result) of Natural Balance Foods Ltd. In accordance with IAS 32, where non-controlling interests hold put options giving them the right to sell their investment, a financial liability is recorded for the present value of the exercise price expected to be paid. These put options are level 3 instruments.

The counterpart of this liability is a cancellation of the underlying non-controlling interest. The difference between the value of the non-controlling interest and the fair value of the liability is added to the consolidated reserves, which are included in shareholders' equity. This item is adjusted at the end of each reporting period to take into account changes in the exercise price expected to be paid for the option and non-controlling interests. If the option expires without being exercised, the liability is cancelled with the non-controlling interests and consolidated reserves.

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 31-12-2019 31-12-2018
Trade payables 88,716 86,794
Remuneration and social security 24,146 21,330
Tax payables
VAT payables 254 300
Tax payables 11,630 14,761
Total 11,884 15,061
Derivative financial instruments - -
Other current liabilities 5,240 3,102
Accrued charges and deferred income 3,657 3,406
TOTAL 133,643 129,693

22. Trade payables and other liabilities

The increase in 2019 is mainly due to the increase in trade payables, as a result of Lotus Bakeries' continued internal growth and the acquisition of Lotus South Africa Manufacturing Ltd.. Staff liabilities increased due to a higher number of employees, including at the factories in Mebane, Lembeke and South Africa.

23. Personnel costs

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 2019 2018
Salaries and wages 83,848 75,005
Social security contributions 15,358 14,361
Contributions for company pension plans with fixed contribution 3,491 3,245
Other personnel costs 20,796 19,366
Total personnel costs 123,493 111,977
Average number of members of personnel 1,821 1,555
Number of members of personnel as at the end of the year 2,056 1,604

The other personnel costs include among other things the costs of temporary staff, training costs and compensation for directors.

Personnel costs increased in 2019 compared with 2018 due to the increase in the number of staff.

24. Share-based payments

Warrant plan

In 2007, a warrant plan was issued for executives and senior management, with a term of seven years. Each warrant entitles the warrant holder to subscribe one Lotus Bakeries share at the established exercise price. This exercise price is equal to the average stock market closing price of the Lotus Bakeries share during the thirty calendar days preceding the date of offering. After the expiry of the exercise period the warrants become worthless. Upon exercise the company will issue shares in favour of the warrant holder.

Warrants are definitively acquired only three years after the date of the offering, viz. 19 July 2010. All warrants that have been allocated become null and void if the employment contract or directorship is terminated before the end of this three-year period, except where the warrant holder takes retirement pension, early retirement pension, or in the event of definitive disability or death. Where the warrant holder's employment contract or directorship ends in the period between the third and fifth anniversaries of the date of offering, only half of the warrants that have been definitively acquired at that time may be exercised, and the other half of the definitively acquired warrants become null and void and lose all value.

The last warrants in possession of senior management and executives of Lotus Bakeries, were exercised in the first half of 2019.

Stock option plans

The stock option plan ratified by the Board of Directors of March 2012 stipulates that options are granted each financial year to executives and senior management, based on category, results and evaluation.

One option gives the holder the right to purchase one normal Lotus Bakeries share at the fixed exercise price. The exercise price is equal to the average closing stock market price of the underlying share during the thirty calendar days prior to offering date. The standing options have a term of five years. After the exercise period, the options are no longer valid. The exercise period of the options granted in 2007 has been extended by five years under the terms of the Economic Recovery Act ('Herstelwet'). To retain their exercise rights, option holders must remain attached to Lotus Bakeries or an Affiliated Company as an employee or executive director. These rights remain in their entirety in the event of pension retirement, early pension retirement, invalidity or death. Options are exercised via equity.

In 2019, 1,199 share options were granted to and accepted by Lotus Bakeries employees.

In 2018, 1,179 share options were granted to and accepted by Lotus Bakeries employees.

The share options and warrants outstanding at the end of 2019 have a weighted average term of two years and one month (2018: two years and three months).

The fair value of the options is estimated at the time of allotment, using the binomial valuation method. This valuation model is based on the following market data and assumptions: the share price at the time of allotment, the exercise price, the exercise arrangements, the estimated volatility, the dividend expectations and the risk-free interest rate. The fair value of the share options and warrants is charged to the vesting period.

For all allotted and accepted options, a charge of kEUR 568 was recorded in the income statement in 2019 (kEUR 590 in 2018). For share options exercised during 2019, the weighted average share price at exercise date was EUR 2,460.50 (2018: EUR 2,352.57). For the exercised warrants, the weighted average share price at the exercise date was EUR 2,390 (2018: EUR 2,529.74).

Number of options and warrants 2018
2019
Outstanding at 1 January 9,998 15,971
Options granted during the year 1,199 1,179
Options exercised during the year (2,249) (5,511)
Options expired during the year (100) (341)
Warrants exercised during the year (280) (1,300)
Outstanding at 31 December 8,568 9,998
Exercisable at 31 December 2,182 1,429
Charge recorded in the income statement (kEUR) 568 590

The weighted average exercise price of options and warrants is as follows:

IN EUR 2019 2018
Outstanding at 1 January 1,591.17 1,148.04
Options granted during the year 2,351.58 2,373.00
Options exercised during the year 1,029.04 767.41
Options expired during the year 1,425.23 1,981.06
Warrants exercised during the year 246.02 246.02
Outstanding at 31 December 1,891.03 1,591.17
Exercisable at 31 December 1,246.75 695.97

The weighted fair value of the options and assumptions used in applying the option pricing model are as follows.

2019 2018
Number of years 2 2
Number of months 1 3

ALLOTED IN

15/03/2018 - 31/03/2018 15/09/2018 - 30/09/2018

16/06/2019 - 30/06/2019

Total 83,223 74,655 8,568
2019 Options 1,199 - 1,199 2,351.58 01/01/2023
-
09/05/2024
2018 Options 1,139 - 1,139 2,373.00 01/01/2022
-
14/05/2023
2017 Options 1,697 - 1,697 2,331.77 01/01/2021
-
11/05/2022
2017 Options - - - 2,417.75 01/01/2021
-
31/12/2021
2016 Options 2,351 - 2,351 1,702.49 01/01/2020
-
12/05/2021
2015 Options 20 - 20 1,591.00 10/08/2019
-
12/12/2020
2015 Options 3,317 1,155 2,162 1,243.57 01/01/2019
-
07/05/2020

(1) Cumulated number allocated minus cumulative number lapsed.

(2) Cumulative number exercised.

The weighted fair value of the options and assumptions used in applying the option pricing model are as follows:

NUMBER ALLOTED (1) NUMBER

2007 Options 11,950 11,950 - 232.82 01/01/2011 - 10/05/2017

2007 Warrants 43,450 43,450 - 246.02 15/03/2019 - 31/03/2019

Options 2,400 2,400 - 367.72 01/01/2014 - 17/05/2015 Options 800 800 - 405.12 01/01/2015 - 12/05/2016 Options 500 500 - 387.12 18/03/2015 - 29/07/2016 Options 5,069 5,069 - 496.77 01/01/2016 - 10/09/2017 Options 3,998 3,998 - 650.31 01/01/2017 - 13/05/2018 Options 5,333 5,333 - 802.55 01/01/2018 - 08/05/2019 Options - - - 919.92 25/08/2018 - 01/01/2020

2019 2018
Fair value of options granted 331.55 316.29
Share price 2,330.00 2,310.00
Exercise price 2,351.58 2,373.00
Expected volatility 23.14% 22.43%
Expected dividends 0.92% 0.93%
Risk-free interest rate (0.29%) 0.11%

The volatility measured at the standard deviation is based on daily share prices of Lotus Bakeries over the last three years.

EXERCISED (2) AVAILABLE BALANCE EXERCISE PRICE EXERCISE PERIOD

25. Depreciation and amortisation of (in)tangible assets 27. Non-recurrent operating result

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 2019 2018
Depreciation of intangible assets 644 691
Depreciation of property, plant & equipment 17,110 12,251
Total 17,754 12,942

The application of the new IFRS 16 standard has an impact of kEUR 2,948 on depreciation on property, plant and equipment. See notes 5, 7 and 27 concerning tangible assets, intangible assets and non-recurrent operating result.

Grouped under non-recurrent operating result are those operating income items and charges that do not belong to or derive from the recurrent operating activities of the Group. This category includes primarily results from the disposal of fixed assets, any goodwill impairment losses, write-downs or impairment losses on brands from takeovers, project costs for the start-up of new factories under construction, provisions, costs and income for restructuring and takeovers.

The non-recurrent operating result at the end of 2019 amounts to kEUR -2,292. It comprises start-up and project costs for the factory in the United States and the result of the acquisition of the factory in South Africa.

In 2018, the non-recurrent operating result amounted to kEUR -3,005. It comprised the costs related to acquisitions, start-up costs for the factory in the US and the gain on the sale of land in South Korea.

26. Other operating income and charges

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 2019 2018
Other costs
Other taxes 2,982 2,310
Other operating charges 272 (187)
Total 3,254 2,123
Other revenues
Transport charges (9) (7)
Fixed assets - own construction (850) (890)
Other operating income (2,696) (1,982)
Total (3,555) (2,879)
Other operating charges (income) (301) (756)

The other charges are mainly local indirect taxes (property taxes, municipal taxes, packaging tax, etc.), losses on sales of fixed assets and compensation amounts paid.

The other income consists primarily of various costs recovered at the time of sale, contributions to the cost of training, and damage compensation payments.

28. Financial results 29. Taxes

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 2019 2018 Interest expense (income) 4,460 2,435 Interest charges 3,306 2,463 Fair value valuation of the financial instruments 1,478 (1) Interest income (324) (27) Foreign exchange losses (gains) (2,232) 596 Exchange rate losses 2,497 2,554 Exchange rate gains (4,729) (1,958) Other financial expenes (income) 286 293 Financial results 2,514 3,324

On an annual basis, the Group reports a financial charge of kEUR 2,514 versus kEUR 3,324 in 2018. The net financial result for 2019 consists mostly of interest expenses. The increase in this item is due, on the one hand, to a higher average net financial debt due partly to investments in property, plant and equipment and acquisitions. On the other hand, the negative market value of the existing interest rate swaps was recognised. These are the interest rate swaps associated to loans, for which refunding is obtained. The change in the foreign exchange result is related to the realisation of the revaluation of balance sheet positions in foreign currencies, predominantly the pound sterling.

Income tax amounted to EUR 22.3 million and increased by 7% compared with 2018. The average effective tax rate was 22.8% in 2019 compared with 23.5% in 2018.

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 2019 2018
Income taxes on the results
Income taxes on the results of the current year 24,481 20,264
Tax adjustments for prior years (1,882) (2,067)
Deferred taxes of the current year (282) 2,632
Total tax charge reported in the income statement 22,317 20,829
Accounting profit before tax 98,086 88,701
Effective tax rate of the year 22.75% 23.48%
Reconciliation between theoretical and effective tax rate
Results before taxation 98,086 88,701
Legal tax rate 29.58% 29.58%
Legal income tax expense 29,014 26,238
Effect of different tax rates in other countries (2,786) (2,481)
Deductions of taxable income (Deduction Notional Interest +
various tax credits)
(1,259) (1,329)
Tax adjustments for prior years (1,175) (2,067)
Taxes on dividend income (35)
Disallowed expenses 784 870
Tax free income (462) 35
Tax losses used for which no deferred tax asset has been recorded (232) (162)
Changes in tax rate or new taxes (1,747) (153)
Other 180 (87)
Effective tax 22,317 20,829
Effective tax rate 22.75% 23.48%

30. Earnings per share 31. Related parties

Earnings per share is calculated by dividing the Group's share in net profit by the weighted average number of outstanding shares over the year (total number of shares - treasury shares). Diluted earnings per share is calculated by dividing the Group's share in net profit by the weighted average number of outstanding shares over the year, adjusted for the potential dilution of ordinary shares as a result of options and warrants granted under the stock option plan for management (see note 24).

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 2019 2018
Net result - attributable to: 75,769 67,872
Non-controlling interests 857 964
Equity holders of Lotus Bakeries 74,912 66,908
Weighted average number of shares 807,476 803,878
Ordinary earnings per share (EUR) - attributable to:
Non-controlling interests 1.06 1.20
Equity holders of Lotus Bakeries 92.77 83.23
Dilutive effect 2,372 4,935
Weighted average number of shares under option 8,712 11,266
Weighted average number of shares which should be issued at
average market rate
(6,340) (6,331)
Weighted average number of shares after effect of dilution 809,848 808,813
Diluted earnings per share (EUR) - attributable to:
Non-controlling interests 1.06 1.19
Equity holders of Lotus Bakeries 92.50 82.72
Total number of shares 816,013 815,733
Earnings per share (EUR) - attributable to:
Non-controlling interests 1.05 1.18
Equity holders of Lotus Bakeries 91.80 82.02
Total number of shares less treasury shares 806,332 805,993
Earnings per share (EUR) - attributable to:
Non-controlling interests 1.06 1.20
Equity holders of Lotus Bakeries 92.90 83.01

A list of all Group companies is provided in note 1. Further details of the shareholding structure of Lotus Bakeries NV as of 31 December 2019 are contained in the Corporate Governance Statement in part 1 of the 2019 annual report of Lotus Bakeries.

For information on the remuneration of the CEO and the remuneration of the executive managers (excluding the CEO) in 2019, we refer to the remuneration report included in part 1 of the 2019 annual report.

Apart from remuneration and transactions between companies included in the scope of consolidation, no significant transactions took place with related parties.

32. Rights and commitments not reflected in the balance sheet

1. Leases

The Group leases in 2018 mainly relate to the leasing of office buildings, storage space and cars. As of 1 January 2019, Lotus Bakeries applies the IFRS 16 leases standard. We refer to p.14 for more information on the application of this standard.

Future rental charges as of 31 December:

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 2018
Less than one year 4,089
More than one year and less than five years 6,399
More than 5 years 1,157

2. Commitments to acquire tangible fixed assets

As per 31 December 2019, the Group had kEUR 6,642 of commitments (2018: kEUR 25,394) for the purchase of fixed assets.

The main commitments in 2018 relate to the construction of the new factory in Mebane, North Carolina, USA

3. Contracts for raw materials and finished products

Purchased but not yet delivered raw materials and finished products in 2020 and 2021 amount to kEUR 91,568, as detailed below.

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 2019 2018
Less than one year 72,728 76,819
More than one year and less than five years 18,840 19,069

4. Other rights and commitments

Bank guarantees as per 31 December 2019: kEUR 1,041 (as per 31/12/2018: kEUR 601).

Lotus Bakeries commits itself not to dispose of, mortgage or pledge any fixed assets without prior consultation with the credit-granting institutions. These assets serve as guarantee for the loans ('full negative pledge').

33. Financial risk management

The Lotus Bakeries Group's greatest market risks are fluctuations in raw material and packaging prices, exchange rates and interest rates.

For a description of these risks, please refer to the financial information contained in the report of the Board of Directors in part 1 of the 2019 annual report of Lotus Bakeries.

34. Categories and fair value of financial instruments

Financial Assets by Class and Measurement Category:

Financial assets (trade receivables, cash and cash equivalents) are measured at amortised cost. Financial liabilities (interest-bearing liabilities, trade payables) are recognised at amortised cost. The amortised cost approximates the fair value as closely as possible. The put options included in the other non-current liabilities are valued based on the market approach (multiple). Derivative financial instruments are measured at fair value.

Financial Liabilities by Class and Measurement Category 31 DECEMBER 2019
FINANCIAL
ASSETS MEASURED
AT AMORTISED
COST
FINANCIAL
ASSETS MEASURED
AT FAIR VALUE
IN THOUSANDS OF EUR NOTE LOANS AND
RECEIVABLES
DERIVATIVES -
THROUGH
EQUITY
TOTAL
Trade receivables 11 79,072 - 79,072
Cash and cash equivalents 12, 13 40,093 - 40,093
Total financial assets 119,165 - 119,165

31 DECEMBER 2018

Total financial assets 116,694 2,280 118,974
Cash and cash equivalents 12, 13 45,597 - 45,597
Trade receivables 11 71,097 - 71,097
Derivative financial instruments 20 - 2,280 2,280
IN THOUSANDS OF EUR NOTE LOANS AND
RECEIVABLES
DERIVATIVES -
THROUGH
EQUITY
TOTAL
FINANCIAL
ASSETS MEASURED
AT AMORTISED
COST
FINANCIAL
ASSETS MEASURED
AT FAIR VALUE
Financial Liabilities by Class and Measurement Category 31 DECEMBER 2019
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES AT FAIR VALUE
IN THOUSANDS OF EUR NOTE FINANCIAL
LIABILITIES AT
AMORTISED
COST
DERIVATIVES -
THROUGH
PROFIT
OR LOSS
DERIVATIVES -
THROUGH
EQUITY
FAIR VALUE
HIERARCHY
TOTAL
Interest-bearing liabilities 13, 17 152,003 - - - 152,003
Derivative financial instruments 20 - 1,478 862 Level 2 2,340
Other non-current liabilities 21 - - 24,495 Level 3 24,495
Non-current liabilities 152,003 1,478 25,357 - 178,838
Interest-bearing liabilities 13, 17 33,647 - - - 33,647
Trade payables 22 88,716 - - - 88,716
Current liabilities 122,363 - - - 122,363
Interest-bearing liabilities IFRS 16 leases standard 13, 17 8,939 - - - 8,939
Totaal financiële verplichtingen 283,305 1,478 25,357 - 310,140

31 DECEMBER 2018

FINANCIAL LIABILITIES AT FAIR VALUE
IN THOUSANDS OF EUR NOTE FINANCIAL
LIABILITIES AT
AMORTISED
COST
DERIVATIVES -
THROUGH
PROFIT
OR LOSS
DERIVATIVES -
THROUGH
EQUITY
FAIR VALUE
HIERARCHY
TOTAL
Interest-bearing liabilities 13, 17 116,500 - - - 116,500
Derivative financial instruments 20 - - 2,319 Level 2 2,319
Other non-current liabilities 21 5 - 22,597 Level 3 22,602
Non-current liabilities 116,505 - 24,916 - 141,421
Interest-bearing liabilities 13, 17 36,655 - - - 36,655
Trade payables 22 86,794 - - - 86,794
Derivative financial instruments 20, 22 - 1 - Level 2 1
Current liabilities 123,449 1 - - 123,450
Total financial liabilities 239,954 1 24,916 - 264,871

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. IFRS 13 requires, for financial instruments that are measured in the balance sheet at fair value, the disclosure of fair value measurements by level of fair value measurement hierarchy. For financial instruments not measured at fair value, the disclosure of their fair value and the fair value measurement level is necessary.

The fair value measurements have to be categorised by the following level of fair value measurement hierarchy:

Level 1: The fair value of a financial instrument that is traded in an active market is measured based on quoted (unadjusted) prices for identical assets or liabilities. A market is considered as active if quoted prices are readily and regularly available from an exchange, dealer, broker, industry group, pricing service, or regulatory agency. Those prices represent actual and regularly occurring market transactions on an arm's length basis.

Level 2: The fair value of financial instruments that are not traded in an active market is determined by using valuation techniques. These valuation techniques maximise the use of observable market data where it is available and rely as little as possible on entity specific estimates. If all significant inputs required to determine the fair value of an instrument are observable, either directly (i.e., as prices) or indirectly (i.e., derived from prices), the instrument is included in Level 2.

Level 3: If one or more of the significant inputs used in applying the valuation technique is not based on observable market data, the financial instrument is included in Level 3.

No transfers between the different fair value hierarchy levels took place in 2019 and 2018.

35. Research and development

External and internal costs of research and development are expensed to the income statement during the year in which they are incurred. For 2019 these costs amounted to kEUR 1,539.

YEAR EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL COSTS OF
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
2019 1,539
2018 1,623
2017 1,568
2016 1,320
2015 1,384

36. Subsequent events

The main and most urgent risk is the outbreak of COVID-19. The Lotus Bakeries Executive Committee is keeping close track of crisis developments and their potential impact on the company. Since the outbreak of the virus, it has quickly taken all necessary measures to protect the Lotus Bakeries workforce. It is also making every effort to limit the impact on operational activities.

Lotus Bakeries judges that there is no material impact on the financial statements as at 31 December 2019 due to the consequences of the worldwide spread of the COVID-19 virus. Lotus Bakeries assumes that the measures imposed by governments worldwide to control the spread of the coronavirus will adversely affect sales to the out-of-home channel (including hotels, bars and restaurants) and airlines. Exacerbated by the uncertainty over the duration of the crisis and the accompanying measures, the potential financial impact of COVID-19 cannot yet be gauged.

No other significant facts have occurred after 31 December 2019 with a material impact on the 2019 financial statements.

37. Management responsibility statement

We hereby certify that, to the best of our knowledge, the consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2019, which have been prepared in accordance with IFRS (International Financial Reporting Standards), give us a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and profit or loss of the company and the subsidiaries included in the consolidation as a whole, and that the annual report includes a fair review of the important events that have occurred during the year 2019 and of the major transactions with the related parties, and their impact on the consolidated financial statements, together with a description of the principal risks and uncertainties with which the company is confronted.

Lembeke, 7 April 2020 On behalf of the Board of Directors

Jan Boone, CEO

38. Information about the Statutory Auditor, its remuneration and additional services rendered

The company's Statutory Auditor is PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren BV, represented by Lien Winne.

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR

Audit fee for the Group audit 2019

Lotus Bakeries NV 84
Lotus Bakeries Group 317
Total 401
Fees for the mandates of PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren 303
Fees for the mandates of persons related to PwC bedrijfsrevisoren 98

Group's Auditor fees for additional services rendered

Tax fees 1
-
Other non-audit fees 3

Fees for additional services rendered by persons related to PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren

Other audit-related fees -
Tax fees 242
Other non-audit fees 179

AUDITOR'S REPORT

STATUTORY AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE GENERAL SHAREHOLDERS' MEETING OF LOTUS BAKERIES NV ON THE CONSOLIDATED ACCOUNTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019

We present to you our statutory auditor's report in the context of our statutory audit of the consolidated accounts of Lotus Bakeries NV (the "Company") and its subsidiaries (jointly "the Group"). This report includes our report on the consolidated accounts, as well as the other legal and regulatory requirements. This forms part of an integrated whole and is indivisible.

We have been appointed as statutory auditor by the general meeting d.d. 10 May 2019, following the proposal formulated by the board of directors and following the recommendation by the audit committee. Our mandate will expire on the date of the general meeting which will deliberate on the annual accounts for the year ended 31 December 2021. We have performed the statutory audit of the Company's consolidated accounts for 13 consecutive years.

Report on the consolidated accounts

Unqualified opinion

We have performed the statutory audit of the Group's consolidated accounts, which comprise the consolidated balance sheet as at 31 December 2019, the consolidated income statement, the consolidated statement of changes in equity and the consolidated cash flow statement for the year then ended, and notes to the consolidated financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies and other explanatory information, and which is characterised by a consolidated balance sheet total of EUR'000 812,629 and a profit for the year, Group share, of EUR'000 74,912 .

In our opinion, the consolidated accounts give a true and fair view of the Group's net equity and consolidated financial position as at 31 December 2019, and of its consolidated financial performance and its consolidated cash flows for the year then ended, in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union and with the legal and regulatory requirements applicable in Belgium.

Basis for unqualified opinion

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (ISAs) as applicable in Belgium. Furthermore, we have applied the International Standards on Auditing as approved by the IAASB which are applicable to the yearend and which are not yet approved at the national level. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the "Statutory auditor's responsibilities for the audit of the consolidated accounts" section of our report. We have fulfilled our ethical responsibilities in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the consolidated accounts in Belgium, including the requirements related to independence.

We have obtained from the board of directors and Company officials the explanations and information necessary for performing our audit. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

Emphasis of Matter – subsequent events

As far as the outbreak of COVID 19 is concerned, we draw your attention to point 2.5 'Significant events after 31 December 2019' of the directors' report and note 36 'Subsequent events' of the consolidated accounts in which the board of directors expresses their view that, although the consequences thereof may have a significant impact on the Group's operations in 2020, such consequences do not have a material impact on the Group's financial position for the year ended 31 December 2019. Our opinion is not qualified in respect of this matter.

Key audit matters

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our audit of the consolidated accounts of the current period. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the consolidated accounts as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters.

Impairment testing of goodwill and other intangible assets – Notes 6 and 7

Description of the key audit matter

The carrying value of the Group's goodwill and other intangible assets with an indefinite life amounts to EUR'000 229,365 and EUR'000 140,757 respectively at 31 December 2019.

These assets are subject to impairment testing on an annual basis or more frequently if there are indicators of impairment.

We consider this as most significant to our audit because the determination of whether or not an impairment charge is necessary involves significant judgement in estimating the future results of the business.

How our audit addressed the key audit matter

We evaluated the appropriateness of the Group's accounting policies and assessed compliance with the policies in accordance with IFRS.

We evaluated management's annual impairment testing and assessment of the indicators of impairment and challenged impairment calculations by assessing the future cash flow forecasts used in the models, and the process by which they were drawn up, including comparing them to the latest budgets approved by the board of directors.

We understood and challenged:

  • Assumptions used in the Group's budget and internal forecasts and the long-term growth rates by comparing them to economic and industry forecasts;
  • The discount rate by assessing the cost of capital and other inputs including benchmarking with comparable organizations;
  • The historical accuracy of budgets to actual results to determine whether cash flow forecasts are reliable based on past experience;
  • The mechanics of the underlying calculations.

In performing the above work, we utilized our internal valuation experts to provide challenge and external market data to assess the reasonableness of the assumptions used by management.

We evaluated the sensitivity analysis around the key drivers within the cash flow forecasts to ascertain the extent of change in those assumptions and also considered the likelihood of such a movement in those key assumptions arising.

Whilst recognizing that cash flow forecasting, impairment modeling and valuations are all inherently judgmental, we concluded that the assumptions used by management were within an acceptable range of reasonable estimates.

Revenue recognition relating to commercial arrangements – Note 2

Description of the key audit matter

As described in Note 2 on the applied accounting policies, the Group enters into commercial agreements with its customers whereby volume-related allowances, promotional & marketing allowances and various other fees and discounts are con-

tractually agreed. The Group measures revenue, cost of sales and cost of services & other goods taken into consideration the estimated amount based on those contractual agreements and the specific classification criteria in accordance with IFRS.

Due to the nature of some arrangements there is a risk that these arrangements are not appropriately accounted for and as a result revenue would be misstated.

We consider this as most significant to our audit because the assessment of customer allowances requires significant judgement from management concerning:

  • The nature and level of fulfilment of the company's obligations under the contractual agreements;
  • Estimates with respect to sales volumes to support the required provision to fulfil the current obligation towards the customers.

How our audit addressed the key audit matter

We evaluated the appropriateness of the Group's revenue recognition accounting policies, in particular those relating to volume rebates and promotional & marketing allowances and assessed compliance with the policies in accordance with IFRS.

We tested the effectiveness of the Group's controls over accounting for commercial arrangements and the accuracy of the contractual agreements registered in the accounting system.

In addition, we challenged management's assumptions used in determining the commercial accruals through discussions with management and performing specific substantive procedures including:

  • A sample basis on which we agreed the recorded amounts to contractual evidence;
  • Inspecting supporting documentation for a sample of manual journals posted to revenue accounts;
  • Testing credit notes issued after period end to assess the completeness of the commercial accruals recorded;
  • A run down on prior years' commercial accruals to evaluate the reliability of management's estimates.

Our procedures confirmed that management's assumptions and estimates in respect

of accounting for commercial arrangements are appropriate in all material aspects.

Accounting for uncertain tax positions – Note 29

Description of the key audit matter

Note 29 includes the information provided by the Company in respect of taxes on the result.

The Group operates in various countries and is present in many different tax jurisdictions where transfer pricing assessments can be challenged by the tax authorities.

In the normal course of business, group management makes judgments and estimates in relation to tax issues and exposures resulting in the recognition of other tax liabilities. This area required our focus due to its inherent complexity and the estimation and judgement involved in calculating such liabilities.

How our audit addressed the key audit matter

We evaluated the appropriateness of the Group's accounting policies and assessed compliance with the policies in accordance with IFRS.

In this area our audit procedures included:

  • Assessment of the group's transfer pricing judgements, considering the way in which the group's businesses operate and the impact of tax audits on this;
  • Testing the effectiveness of the Group's internal controls around the recording and continuous re-assessment of the other tax liabilities including identification of uncertain tax positions.

We also assessed the applicable local fiscal regulations and developments as these are key assumptions underlying the recognition and valuation of the current and deferred tax positions. In addition, we also focused on the adequacy of the company's disclosures on income tax positions and uncertain tax positions.

We found the estimates to be reasonable in all material aspects in the context of the applicable fiscal regulations.

Responsibilities of the board of directors for the preparation of the consolidated accounts

The board of directors is responsible for the preparation of consolidated accounts that give a true and fair view in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union and with the legal and regulatory requirements applicable in Belgium, and for such internal control as the board of directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of consolidated accounts that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

In preparing the consolidated accounts, the board of directors is responsible for assessing the Group's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the board of directors either intends to liquidate the Group or to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so.

Statutory auditor's responsibilities for the audit of the consolidated accounts

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated accounts as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor's report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these consolidated accounts.

In performing our audit, we comply with the legal, regulatory and normative framework applicable to the audit of the consolidated accounts in Belgium. A statutory audit does not provide any assurance as to the Group's future viability nor as to the efficiency or effectiveness of the board of directors' current or future business management at Group level.

As part of an audit in accordance with ISAs, we exercise professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. We also:

  • Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated accounts, whether due to fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control;
  • Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Group's internal control;
  • Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and related disclosures made by the board of directors;
  • Conclude on the appropriateness of the board of directors' use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Group's ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our statutory auditor's report to the related disclosures in the consolidated accounts or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our statutory auditor's report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Group to cease to continue as a going concern;
  • Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the consolidated accounts, including the disclosures, and whether the consolidated accounts represent the underlying transactions and events in a manner that achieves fair presentation;
  • Obtain sufficient and appropriate audit evidence regarding the financial information of the entities or business activities within the Group to express an opinion on the consolidated financial statements. We are responsible for the direction, supervision and performance of the Group audit. We remain solely responsible for our audit opinion.

We communicate with the audit committee regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any Document to which our report dated 07/04/2020 also refers. Initials for identification purposes PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren - PwC Réviseurs d'Entreprises. significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit.

We also provide the audit committee with a statement that we have complied with relevant ethical requirements regarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related safeguards.

From the matters communicated with the audit committee, we determine those matters that were of most significance in the audit of the consolidated accounts of the current period and are therefore the key audit matters. We describe these matters in our auditor's report unless law or regulation precludes public disclosure about the matter.

Other legal and regulatory requirements

Responsibilities of the board of directors

The board of directors is responsible for the preparation and the content of the directors' report on the consolidated accounts and the separate report on non-financial information.

Statutory auditor's responsibilities

In the context of our mandate and in accordance with the Belgian standard which is complementary to the International Standards on Auditing (ISAs) as applicable in Belgium, our responsibility is to verify, in all material respects, the directors' report on the consolidated accounts, the separate report on non-financial information and to report on these matters.

Aspects related to the directors' report on the consolidated accounts

In our opinion, after having performed specific procedures in relation to the directors' report on the consolidated accounts, this directors' report is consistent with the consolidated accounts for the year under audit, and is prepared in accordance with article 3:32 of the Companies' and Associations' Code.

In the context of our audit of the consolidated accounts, we are also responsible for considering, in particular based on the knowledge acquired resulting from the audit, whether the directors' report is materially misstated or contains information which is inadequately disclosed or otherwise misleading. In light of the procedures we have performed, there are no material misstatements we have to report to you.

The non-financial information required by virtue of article 3:32, §2 of the Companies' and Associations' Code is included in the directors' report in chapter 5 'Corporate social responsibility' on the consolidated accounts. The Company has prepared the non-financial information, based on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) framework. However, in accordance with article 3:80, §1, 5° of the Companies' and Associations' Code, we do not express an opinion as to whether the non-financial information has been prepared in accordance with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) framework as disclosed in the consolidated accounts.

Statement related to independence

  • Our registered audit firm and our network did not provide services which are incompatible with the statutory audit of the consolidated accounts, and our registered audit firm remained independent of the Group in the course of our mandate.
  • The fees for additional services which are compatible with the statutory audit of the consolidated accounts referred to in article 3:65 of the Companies' and Associations' Code are correctly disclosed and itemized in the notes to the consolidated accounts.

Other statements

This report is consistent with the additional report to the audit committee referred to in article 11 of the Regulation (EU) N° 537/2014.

Ghent, 7 April 2020

The statutory auditor PwC Reviseurs d'Entreprises SRL / PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren BV Represented by

Lien Winne Réviseur d'Entreprises / Bedrijfsrevisor

ABRIDGED FIVE-YEAR FINANCIAL SUMMARY GROUP LOTUS BAKERIES

Consolidated balance sheet

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 31-12-2019 31-12-2018 31-12-2017 31-12-2016 31-12-2015
NON CURRENT ASSETS 641,122 545,647 447,693 437,310 442,884
Property, plant and equipment 263,793 219,897 174,426 161,590 139,377
Goodwill 229,365 177,639 141,001 144,368 93,229
Intangible assets 142,709 138,887 123,924 126,006 107,901
Participating interests - 2,448 - - -
Investment in other companies 2,243 12 12 37 96,244
Deferred tax assets 2,505 3,936 4,310 4,854 5,889
Other non-current assets 507 2,828 4,020 455 244
CURRENT ASSETS 171,507 165,925 149,801 110,692 128,337
Inventories 44,461 39,066 33,653 32,175 35,659
Trade receivables 79,072 71,097 60,104 50,922 56,143
Cash and cash equivalents 40,093 45,597 48,129 19,932 18,547
TOTAL ASSETS 812,629 711,572 597,494 548,002 571,221
EQUITY 402,477 346,927 293,213 248,464 217,525
Non-current liabilities 239,584 198,042 193,923 197,245 169,242
Interest-bearing liabilities 158,010 116,500 117,500 118,500 97,000
Deferred tax liabilities 50,737 52,725 49,206 50,666 44,607
Other non-current liabilities 24,500 22,602 20,987 19,560 22,815
Current liabilities 170,568 166,603 110,358 102,293 184,454
Interest-bearing liabilities 36,579 36,655 1,750 7,533 99,086
Trade payables 88,716 86,794 68,542 54,742 42,498
Employee benefit expenses and social security 24,146 21,330 18,383 18,418 18,336
TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 812,629 711,572 597,494 548,002 571,221

Consolidated income statement

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
TURNOVER 612,737 556,435 524,055 507,208 411,576
RECURRENT OPERATING RESULT (REBIT) 102,891 95,030 89,349 83,945 64,764
Non-recurrent operating result (2,292) (3,005) (91) 4,507 (1,748)
OPERATING RESULT (EBIT) 100,599 92,025 89,258 88,452 63,016
Financial result (2,514) (3,324) (2,228) (2,675) (778)
PROFIT FOR THE YEAR BEFORE TAXES 98,086 88,701 87,030 85,777 62,238
Taxes (22,317) (20,829) (22,397) (23,322) (16,623)
RESULT AFTER TAXES 75,769 67,872 64,633 62,455 45,615
NET RESULT - attributable to: 75,769 67,872 64,633 62,455 45,615
Non-controlling interests 857 964 1,094 1,210 202
Equity holders of Lotus Bakeries 74,912 66,908 63,539 61,245 45,413

ABRIDGED STATUTORY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF LOTUS BAKERIES NV

Balance sheet after appropriation of profit

ASSETS IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 31-12-2019 31-12-2018
Fixed Assets 432,258 400,761
II. Intangible assets 4,490 5,987
IV. Financial assets 427,768 394,774
A. Affiliated enterprises 427,768 394,774
1. Participating interests 427,768 394,774
Current Assets 30,758 25,713
VII. Amounts receivable within one year 14,512 13,103
A. Trade debtors 13,665 12,473
B. Other amounts receivable 847 630
VIII. Current investments 15,866 11,406
A. Own shares 15,866 11,406
IX. Cash at bank and in hand 360 1,184
X. Deferred charges and accrued income 20 20
TOTAL ASSETS 463,016 426,474
LIABILITIES IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 31-12-2019 31-12-2018
Equity 64,473 55,886
I. Capital 3,591 3,590
A. Issued capital 3,591 3,590
II. Share premium account 12,797 12,729
IV. Reserves 48,085 39,567
A. Legal reserve 359 359
B. Reserves not available for distribution 15,938 11,478
1. Own shares 15,866 11,406
2. Other 72 72
C. Untaxed reserves 545 545
D. Reserves available for distribution 31,243 27,185
Amounts payable 398,543 370,588
VIII. Amounts payable after one year 107,712 107,573
A. Financial debts 98,140 98,140
5. Other loans 98,140 98,140
D. Other debts 9,572 9,433
IX. Amounts payable within one year 290,823 263,009
A. Current portion of amounts payable after one year - -
B. Financial debts 258,039 233,101
2. Other loans 258,039 233,101
C. Trade debts 5,888 5,590
1. Suppliers 5,888 5,590
E. Taxes, remuneration and social security 517 384
1. Taxes 517 384
F. Other amounts payable 26,379 23,934
X. Accrued charges and deferred income 8 6
TOTAL LIABILITIES 463,016 426,474
Document to which our report dated
07/04/2020 also refers.

Initials for identification purposes

PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren - PwC Réviseurs d'Entreprises.

Non-consolidated income statement

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 2019 2018
I. Operating income 13,595 12,470
D. Other operating income 13,595 12,470
II. Operating charges (5,036) (6,399)
B. Services and other goods 3,500 3,606
D. Depreciation of and other amounts written off formation expenses,
intangible and tangible fixed assets
1,497 1,497
G. Other operating charges 39 257
H. Non-recurring operating charges - 1,039
III. Operating profit 8,559 6,071
IV. Financial income 31,371 9,608
A. Income from financial fixed assets 30,004 7,962
C. Other financial income 1,367 1,646
V. Financial charges (3,576) (3,501)
A. Interest and other debt charges 3,568 3,345
C. Other financial charges 8 156
IX. Profit for the year before taxes 36,354 12,178
X. Income taxes (1,474) (724)
A. Income taxes 1,474 724
B. Adjustment of income taxes and write-back of tax provisions - -
XI. Profit for the year 34,880 11,454
XIII. Profit for the year available for appropriation 34,880 11,454

Appropriation of the result

IN THOUSANDS OF EUR 2019 2018
A. Profit to be appropriated 34,880 11,454
1. Profit for the year available for appropriation 34,880 11,454
B. Withdrawals from capital and reserves - 12,461
2. From reserves - 12,461
C. Transfer to capital and reserves (8,518) (1)
2. To legal reserve - 1
3. To other reserves 8,518 -
F. Distribution of profit (26,362) (23,914)
1. Dividends 26,112 23,664
2. Directors' entitlements 250 250

Extract from the notes

VIII. Statement of capital 2019 2018 2019
IN THOUSANDS
OF EUR
IN THOUSANDS
OF EUR
NUMBER
OF SHARES
A. Capital
1. Issued capital
At the end of the preceding year 3,590 3,584
At the end of the year 3,591 3,590
2. Structure of the capital
2.1. Different categories of shares
Ordinary shares 3,591 3,590 816,013
2.2. Registered shares and dematerialised shares
Registered 470,003
Dematerialised 346,010
C. Teasury shares held by:
The company itself 15,866 11,406 9,681
Its subsidiaries - - -
E. Amounts of authorised capital, not issued
Document to which our report dated
942 943

ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES

1. Assets

1.1. Formation expenses

Formation expenses are recorded at cost and depreciated at 100%.

1.2. Intangible fixed assets

Intangible fixed assets are recorded at purchase or transfer price.

The amortisation percentages applied are:

  • brand: 10%

  • software: 33%

1.3. Financial fixed assets

Financial fixed assets are valued at acquisition price or contribution value without supplementary costs.

Reductions in value are applied where the estimated value of the financial fixed assets is less than the accounting value and where the loss of value so determined is of a lasting nature in the opinion of the Board of Directors.

The estimated value of the financial fixed assets is determined at the end of the accounting period based on the most recent available balance sheet and on one or more criteria.

Reductions in value are reversed, up to the amount of the previously recorded reductions in value, where the valuation at the closing date of the accounting period concerned significantly exceeds the previous valuation.

1.4. Receivables

The necessary reductions in value are applied to receivables, the collection of which is in doubt.

Receivables are recorded at their nominal value, less any credit notes remaining to be drawn up.

Receivables in foreign currencies are converted at the exchange rate applying on the balance sheet date.

Negative exchange rate differences in non-euro currencies are included in the income statement as in the past.

1.5. Investments and cash at bank and in hand

Treasury shares are valued at purchase price.

Cash at bank and in hand in foreign currency is converted at the exchange rate applying on the balance sheet date.

Both the negative and the positive conversion differences are included in the profit and loss account.

2. Liabilities

2.1. Provisions for liabilities and charges

Provisions are made for all normally foreseeable liabilities and charges.

2.2. Amounts payable within one year Suppliers

Debts to suppliers are booked at their nominal value. Debts in foreign currencies are valued at the rate of exchange on the balance date.

Exchange rate differences are processed in the same way as for foreign currency receivables.

3. Additional information

The company is part of a VAT unit which was formed within the Group and to which the following companies belong:

  • Lotus Bakeries NV

  • Lotus Bakeries België NV

  • Cremers-Ribert NV

  • Interwaffles SA

  • Lotus Bakeries Corporate NV

  • B.W.I. BV

  • Biscuiterie Willems BV

Consequently, the company is jointly and severally liable for the tax debts of all the above companies.

NOTES

Document to which our report dated
07/04/2020 also refers.
Initials for identification purposes
PwC Bedrijfsrevisoren - PwC Réviseurs d'Entreprises.

REGISTERED OFFICE

Lotus Bakeries NV Gentstraat 1 B-9971 Lembeke T + 32 9 376 26 11 www.lotusbakeries.com

Register of legal persons of Ghent, Enterprise number 0401,030,860

CONTACT

For further information about the data of the annual report or more information about the Lotus Bakeries Group, please contact: Lotus Bakeries NV Corporate Secretary Gentstraat 1 B-9971 Lembeke T + 32 9 376 26 11 [email protected]

Concept and realisation Focus Advertising and Lotus Bakeries www.focus-advertising.be

Cover illustration Flore Deman www.floredeman.com

www.lotusbakeries.com

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