Annual Report • Mar 24, 2021
Annual Report
Open in ViewerOpens in native device viewer
Collaboration & Connectivity for the future of seismic

PGS ASA and its subsidiaries ("PGS" or "the Company")* is an integrated marine geophysical company that provides a broad range of seismic and reservoir services, including acquisition, imaging, interpretation, and field evaluation. The Company's MultiClient library is among the largest in the seismic industry, with modern 3D coverage in all significant offshore hydrocarbon provinces of the world.
* When the terms "PGS" and "the Company" are used in this report, these will as a main rule include both PGS ASA and its subsidiaries. However, in certain sections and paragraphs hereof, these references will only include PGS ASA as context indicates.

When we entered 2020, the seismic market was improving. The positive trend came to an abrupt halt when the Covid-19 pandemic played out in full force causing a disruption of the oil market. Energy companies responded with signifi cant cuts to their investment plans. The outcome was an almost 40% reduction of our revenues compared to 2019, and even more compared to our expectations for the year.
We addressed the situation swiftly by reducing cost and capital expenditures considerably and engaging with our lenders to achieve extension of debt maturities. During 2020 we have proven the value of our integrated service off ering. We managed to deliver imaging and acquisition projects according to plan, despite signifi cant logistical challenges caused by the Covid-19 pandemic and we reached important milestones in our digital transformation process. Our overall achievements in 2020 make us well positioned to take advantage of what we expect will be a recovering seismic market in 2021.
In the wake of the 2019 market recovery, we expected the positive momentum to continue in 2020. The trend came to an abrupt halt in the fi rst quarter when the Covid-19 pandemic hit the world with full force and disrupted the oil market. Energy companies reduced their investment plans by almost 30% overnight, and the time we had to set a new course was approximately the duration of our order book.
We immediately reviewed alternatives to preserve liquidity and it was evident that we had to adjust our business activities and cost levels. Our operating fl eet was reduced by close to 40% by stacking Sanco Swift, PGS
Apollo and Ramform Vanguard. In addition, we reduced staff by approximately 40% through a comprehensive reorganization which was completed in the third quarter. With numerous other cost-reducing initiatives, we were able to reduce our gross cash cost from the initial 2020 plan of approximately \$600 million to an annual run-rate below \$400 million as we moved into 2021.
Cost reductions were necessary to compensate for reduced revenues and to avoid becoming structurally cash fl ow negative before debt repayment. This also enabled us to approach our lenders on postponement of debt maturities and amortizations. We started engaging with our lenders during the second quarter with the aim of fi nding a solution which was acceptable to all main stakeholders. It became a complex process, but we were in the end able to get an agreement that I believe is good for PGS, and that had overwhelming lender support, deferring debt maturities and amortizations to September 2022 and beyond. The process had to be fi nalized by use of a UK Scheme of Arrangement, as one lender did not consent to the agreement.
As the energy transition evolves, we believe that the focus of our customers will continue to gradually shift from frontier and large-scale exploration towards more targeted exploration in proven hydrocarbon basins. We believe there will be an increased focus on nearfield exploration and 4D monitoring of producing fields to increase oil and gas recovery. This plays into the strengths and strategy of PGS. We are a leader in 4D monitoring based on our state-of-the-art vessel and acquisition technology. Further, we take advantage of the ability to combine MultiClient and contract acquisition to the benefit of our customers and PGS. We aim to expand on our leadership in 4D production seismic, improve our joint contract and MultiClient approach, grow the MultiClient business in proven hydrocarbon areas with high pre-funding, optimize operating cost and efficiency, and focus our research and development efforts for imaging and acquisition technologies by capitalizing on the digital transformation process.
Our success in the Mediterranean this year illustrates the strength of our joint contract and MultiClient approach. We secured 15 vessel months of Ramform Titan-class acquisition work over seven newly awarded blocks manifesting our leading position in the area. The overall program comprised several MultiClient programs and one contract job, and we will have two vessels offshore Egypt until Q2 2021.
Despite complexities such as travel restrictions and quarantine requirements caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, we managed to operate our vessels according to plan. Our offshore crews have put in an extraordinary effort to make this possible, including longer and less predictable rotations. All our office employees have adapted to a large re-organization and the new norm of home office in an admirable way. We have managed vessel logistics, delivered imaging projects, secured MultiClient data library sales, secured contracts, developed new MultiClient projects, progressed on our digital transformation, and support functions have worked to our usual high standards. I am impressed by the PGS organization and how it has delivered in a very different and very challenging year.
Our digital transformation process gained real momentum during 2020. Together with TGS and CGG we are developing a Cloud based MultiClient sales platform to make data more easily available for clients, and we plan for commercial launch in 2021. By contextualizing and utilizing vessel- and seismic equipment data, we have reduced vessel operating cost, improved vessel efficiency and speed, developed systems for predictive maintenance and implemented systems to improve HSEQ performance. We have successfully run several applications and workflows on our first commercial imaging project in the Cloud. With artificial intelligence, machine learning and analytics we have commercialized a workflow enabling accelerated turnaround and we have done proof of concept to identify processing patterns in historical data sets to minimize testing and accelerate data delivery.
The oil price has recovered from the low levels experienced in March and April 2020 and is now, in Q1 2021, back at levels where our customers, on average, generate positive cash flow after cost, capital expenditures and dividend. Despite the impacts of the Covid-19 crisis, energy consumption is expected to continue to increase longer term with oil and gas being important parts of the energy mix as the global energy transition evolves. Offshore reserves will be vital for future supply and support demand for marine seismic services. Even in a scenario with flat oil and gas demand, depletion of existing reserves will require exploration to maintain the current level of production. It will take time before seismic demand is back to pre-Covid 19 levels. However, the combined effects of a higher oil price, positive cash flow among our clients, bids withdrawn from the market last year reemerging this year and an improving industry order book, support our view that 2021 should be slightly better for our industry than 2020. With the measures implemented during 2020, PGS is well positioned to generate positive cash flow and benefit from a market recovery.
Rune Olav Pedersen President and CEO February 23, 2021
Swift response to Covid-19 market disruption by substantial cost and capex reduction, and two year maturity extension and amortization holiday on debt
Delivered strong vessel and Imaging project execution in 2020, despite Covid-19 restrictions and challenges
Entered into a strategic partnership with TGS and CGG to off er clients a single point to access MultiClient data libraries
Manifested leading position in Egypt by securing 15 vessel months of Ramform Titan-class acquisition work, capitalizing on PGS' integrated service off ering
Reached important milestones in the digital transformation process by developing a Cloud based MultiClient sales platform, achieved tangible results in optimizing vessel operation and commenced commercial imaging projects in the Cloud
Annual General Meeting April 21, 2021 Q1 2021 Earnings Release April 22, 2021 Q2 2021 Earnings Release July 22, 2021 Q3 2021 Earnings Release October 21, 2021 Q4 2021 Earnings Release January 27, 2022

Total Segment Revenues USD millions

Segment Revenue Split
*Includes government grants relating to the Covid-19 pandemic of \$38.8 million.

Gross Cash Cost USD millions

MultiClient
USD millions


| In USD million | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Profit and loss numbers Segment Reporting | |||
| Segment Revenues and Other Income | 595.9 | 880.1 | 834.5 |
| Segment EBITDA ex. other charges, net | 397.7 | 556.1 | 515.9 |
| Segment EBIT ex. impairment and other charges, net | 12.2 | 96.4 | 36.3 |
| Profit and loss numbers As Reported | |||
| Revenues and Other Income | 512.0 | 930.8 | 874.3 |
| EBIT | (188.0) | 54.6 | 39.4 |
| Net financial items | (118.4) | (92.2) | (87.3) |
| Income (loss) before income tax expense | (306.4) | (37.6) | (47.9) |
| Income tax expense | (15.1) | (34.1) | (40.0) |
| Net income (loss) to equity holders | (321.5) | (71.7) | (87.9) |
| Basic earnings per share (\$ per share) | (0.85) | (0.21) | (0.26) |
| Other key numbers As Reported by IFRS | |||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | 366.5 | 474.3 | 445.9 |
| Cash investment in MultiClient library | 222.3 | 244.8 | 277.1 |
| Capital expenditures (whether paid or not) | 36.1 | 59.1 | 42.5 |
| Total assets | 2 093.8 | 2 301.7 | 2 384.8 |
| Cash and cash equivalents | 156.7 | 40.6 | 74.5 |
| Net interest-bearing debt** | 937.6 | 1 007.5 | 1 109.6 |
| Net interest-bearing debt, including lease liabilities | |||
| following IFRS 16** | 1 096.2 | 1 204.6 |
**Following
implementation of IFRS 16, prior periods are not comparable to December 2019 and December 2020.
Headquartered in Oslo, Norway, PGS has offi ces in 14 countries around the world as of year-end 2020 and operates regional centres in London and Houston.

Luanda, Angola | Perth, Australia | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | Cairo, Egypt | Accra, Ghana | Jakarta, Indonesia Tokyo, Japan | Almaty, Kazakhstan | Cyberjaya & Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia | Lagos, Nigeria | Oslo & Stavanger, Norway Singapore, Singapore | Weybridge, UK | Austin & Houston, US

Number of Employees by Year-end

Rune Olav has been with PGS since October 2010 and he became President & CEO in 2017. He joined the Company as General Counsel and head of legal. In September 2014 he also became responsible for Group Communication, Strategic Customer Relations and Marketing. His responsibilities were further expanded in September 2015 to also include Corporate Development.
Prior to joining the Company, Rune Olav was, for more than four years, a partner in the law fi rm Arntzen de Besche and previous to that Lawyer and Associate in the same fi rm. He started his career as a Junior Research Fellow at the University of Oslo, and has also served as a Deputy Judge in a District Court of Norway. Rune Olav earned his law degree from the University of Oslo, and enhanced his expertise within European competition law with a post graduate diploma from Kings College London. In 2014 Rune Olav earned an Executive MBA from London Business School.

Executive Vice President & CFO
Gottfred joined the Company in November 2003 and was appointed Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Offi cer as of January, 2004. Before joining PGS he was Chief Financial Offi cer of the information technology company Ementor ASA from 2000 to 2003. Gottfred was Senior Vice President of Finance and Control at the off shore engineering and construction company Aker Maritime ASA from 1997 to 2000. He worked at Arthur Andersen Norway from 1991 to 1997. Gottfred was certifi ed as a Norwegian state authorized public accountant in 1993 and holds a Master of Business Administration degree from the Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration.

Executive Vice President, Sales & Services
Nathan joined PGS in 1993 and was appointed EVP Sales and Services in January 2019. He has served PGS globally in various locations, managing international teams in London, Houston, Singapore and KL, with regional responsibilities for Europe, West Africa, North and South America, and Asia Pacifi c, running a range of PGS activities from advanced imaging to MultiClient. Prior to joining PGS he worked at Digicon Geophysical. Nathan holds an MSc Geoscience from the University of Sheffi eld, and a BSc in Geology from Kingston University.

Executive Vice President, Operations
Rob joined PGS in 1998, becoming EVP Operations in January 2020. He has experience from all PGS business areas, including off shore, and has carried regional responsibility for projects and teams running acquisition and processing activities in Europe, Africa, and Asia Pacifi c. As SVP New Ventures (2018 – 2020) he was responsible for new MultiClient projects across all continents. Rob has been involved in framing PGS initiatives for reducing turnaround and future visioning. Rob holds a BSc in Geology and Geophysics from the University of Durham.

Executive Vice President, New Energy
Berit joined PGS in 2006 and assumed her current position in April 2021. She has served in various MultiClient sales management roles, including Vice President Geophysics Europe, Africa and Middle East, Vice President MultiClient Europe, Senior Vice President MultiClient, SVP Strategic Projects and SVP Eurasia. She was also an employeeelected member of the PGS Board of Directors in 2015 and 2016. Before joining PGS she held technical management positions with Geoteam AS and Veritas DGC Ltd. Prior to this, she spent 11 years with Norsk Hydro working within fi eld development, exploration and geophysical operations. Berit holds an MSc Geophysics from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU).
Collaboration & Connectivity for the Future of Seismic
To accelerate strategy execution, PGS started a digital transformation process in 2019. First steps were to establish an internal digital transformation team responsible for overseeing and advising on the digital transformation processes and electing Google Cloud as PGS preferred cloud provider. PGS fi rst set of digital transformation targets includes:

MultiClient Data in the Cloud PGS Solis
A new and improved way of off ering MultiClient data to clients through a Cloud based sales platform

Signifi cantly improving vessel effi ciency and cost by optimizing vessel operations

Scalable and faster imaging through imaging seismic data in the Cloud and analysis of subsurface data using machine learning and artifi cial intelligence
//Digital Transformation Milestones
Access and act on data in the cloud Flexible subscription models Data management as a service (DMaaS)

In December 2020 PGS announced a strategic partnership with TGS and CGG to offer a single access point to all three companies' MultiClient data libraries. It provides a shopping window for clients: after clients have identified a survey (or surveys) of interest, they are directed to each vendor's environment for data visualization and further engagement. It also allows customers to find, visualize and download their subsurface assets and entitlements.
This partnership builds on and supports PGS own ongoing development of a Cloud enabled MultiClient data sales platform. During 2020 PGS digitalization team and sales organization have, in cooperation with Cognite, developed a PGS-specific Cloud based data platform attracting strong client interest. PGS expects to sign the first data management as a service agreement with customers in 2021 and start commercializing the project.
New insights from production-scale data analytics View, analyze and act on worldwide operations Collect, connect, operationalize & scale

By contextualizing data and using big data analytics, PGS is making significant progress in optimizing vessel operations. The project has five focus areas: energy efficiency, optimal vessel speed, preventive streamer maintenance, preventive eBird maintenance, and improved HSEQ for small boat operation and use of
personal protection equipment. During 2020 the project has delivered tangible results and the Company is implementing these across the fleet. PGS will continue to harvest from these productivity improvements and further enhance the initiatives.
//Digital Transformation Milestones
Collaborative platform Managing finite resources Faster when it counts
PGS started the process of imaging seismic data in the Cloud in 2019 and ran the first commercial processing job in the Cloud in 2020. By fully utilizing the benefits of the Cloud with access to almost unlimited compute capacity and the latest technology, PGS will have a flexible and costefficient use of compute capacity, reducing capital expenditures and removing capacity bottlenecks.
Machine Learning & Artificial Intelligence Analysis of subsurface data using machine learning and artificial intelligence is about
accelerating turnaround for PGS and external clients by automating mundane tasks. PGS Imaging team has carried out a proof-of-concept to identify patterns in historical processing flows to minimize testing and accelerate data delivery.
PGS will increasingly focus on the digital transformation process going forward to execute on the Company's strategy more effectively.
MultiClient | Contract | Acquisition Fleet | Imaging | Reservoir Characterization

PGS is the only integrated marine seismic acquisition and imaging company, offering a full range of towed streamer acquisition and imaging services through both the Contract and MultiClient business models. By controlling the fleet, the imaging process and technology development PGS is able to deliver the best and most flexible solutions to clients under any commercial model.
Vertical integration allows PGS to control all aspects of the process, from identification of new projects, leveraging close client relationships to secure financial commitment, to ensure projects proceed and are delivered on time and on quality. PGS project execution is done without the need to balance commercial drivers of third-party suppliers.
PGS has a portfolio of MultiClient acquisition agreements with host nations and is agnostic to whether data is acquired using the MultiClient or the Contract business model. As a result, PGS is best positioned to be involved in all client dialogues and can better design a bespoke solution to provide the best commercial value for clients and for PGS. If a client requests proprietary data in an area where PGS has a permit to acquire MultiClient data, the Company can start acquisition immediately, using an existing acquisition permit.
In 2020 PGS commenced a campaign of MultiClient projects offshore Egypt where clients took advantage of PGS' portfolio of acquisition permits. A well-established way for energy
companies to speed up the exploration cycle is to acquire seismic data as soon acreage has been awarded. More time spent analyzing data results in better well-placement and improves chances of making a discovery. PGS' access to MultiClient agreements in countries such as Egypt has made it possible to make early delivery of quality seismic to energy companies and demonstrated the benefits of the Company's strategy. PGS' integrated product offering enables the Company to build order book continuity for vessels more effectively in a challenging market.
Commercial flexibility allows for innovative acquisition arrangements. In mature areas, smaller contract jobs can be incorporated in larger regional MultiClient surveys. The benefits to the client include cost efficient data and the opportunity to license seismic beyond their block boundary to get a better regional understanding of the geological structures, while PGS benefits from economies of scale.

Operating a fleet of industry leading 3D seismic acquisition vessels with standardized seismic equipment, including the GeoStreamer, provides a reliable platform and flexible offering to clients. Interchangeable capacity enables PGS to effectively manage timing and permit constraints, changes of project timing and almost any survey specification. PGS vessels and streamer technology deliver reliable, timely and consistent quality of services and data, which are highly valued by many clients.
Unique technology is a PGS differentiator. Combining PGS' R&D expertise with vessel operation allows for efficient in-house design, development, testing and implementation of new acquisition solutions and technologies.
The ongoing energy transition drives energy companies to focus on producing fields and proven hydrocarbon basins. As a result, the seismic market will likely gradually move towards more near-field exploration and reservoir optimization where 4D technology will be key. Access to high-capacity vessels and differentiating technology is fundamental to the growing 4D reservoir monitoring market and PGS is uniquely positioned in this aspect with the Ramform platform and high-resolution GeoStreamer multisensor technology.

//Integrated Service Off ering
PGS 4D Solutions

PGS provides seismic data that describes the subsurface geology beneath the ocean floor, which energy companies rely on to find oil and gas reserves worldwide.
PGS main product portfolio includes:

To build and maintain the MultiClient data library, PGS makes significant investments in developing, acquiring, and imaging new MultiClient surveys. By continuously investing in the MultiClient data library the Company expands its footprint in proven hydrocarbon basins and selective frontier areas.
The ability to identify and initiate new MultiClient programs with solid economics over the life of the survey is a key success criterion for the MultiClient business model. PGS derisks new programs by securing pre-funding commitments from energy companies, with a targeted pre-funding level for the combined portfolio in the range of 80-120% of the capitalized MultiClient cash investment.
The MultiClient business is about having the right data, in the right place, at the right time. PGS initiates attractive new MultiClient projects by capitalizing on its existing data library, in combination with applying in-house imaging and reservoir expertise, and feedback from customers regarding exploration and production areas of interest. The PGS MultiClient data
library provides information about geology in all the major hydrocarbon basins around the world. By analyzing these data, including open file data available around the world, PGS imaging and reservoir experts can propose extensions to the existing library and new areas of hydrocarbon resource potential with high likelihood of being of interest to energy companies. These findings are assessed against feedback from clients of where they see hydrocarbon potential and would like more seismic data to support their exploration and production activity.
The information is combined with an overall risk analysis of the area, such as geological prospectivity, geophysical imaging challenges, political risks, past performance of surveys in the region, and the likelihood of future license rounds and other sales trigger events to ensure the business model is robust.
A key part of the MultiClient business is to assist governments to explore and promote their resource potential in the best way possible, noting that every country and basin requires a slightly different approach. PGS has supported many governments through providing highquality data and bespoke advice on how to optimize the outcome.
MultiClient data is acquired, imaged, and owned by PGS. Energy companies buy a license from PGS to use a specific data set, and one survey is typically licensed to multiple energy companies. PGS has a modern and diverse global MultiClient data library focused in areas of high oil and gas prospectivity. Accessing PGS' data library enables customers to evaluate hydrocarbon potential more rapidly, compared to acquiring and processing a new seismic survey on a proprietary basis. The rapid access to high-quality seismic data enables oil companies to assess the subsurface risks before applying for acreage in licensing rounds, guides exploration efforts, and evaluations of farm-in opportunities.
License rounds serve as important sales triggers for the PGS MultiClient data library and guide long-term investment decisions for new 2D and 3D data acquisition. The geographical diversity and strategic positioning of PGS global MultiClient library enables the Company to benefit from license rounds around the globe.
A large MultiClient library with continuous coverage has obvious benefits. Geology is broad scale in nature, and it is difficult to understand and predict the characteristics of a local area if it is not set in context of the larger geological system. By re-imaging existing data in the MultiClient library, PGS creates regional data sets, which make it possible to interpret and analyze a whole basin in a consistent manner. Santos Vision in Brazil, Flex Vision in the Gulf of Mexico and GeoStreamer PURE in Norway, are three such examples of re-imaged regional data sets that continue to experience strong client interest.
PGS also employs geological expertise, which is used to plan and market MultiClient projects and advise governments how to maximize the value of their subsurface acreage, from licensing and exploration through to appraisal, development, and production.
PGS MultiClient data library comprises several hundred individual 3D surveys with a combined size of more than 950 000 square kilometers, 55% of which were acquired with the multisensor GeoStreamer technology. PGS' MultiClient 2D library comprise approximately 580 000 line kilometers, of which approximately 70% are GeoStreamer data. In addition, the Company has more than 900 000 square kilometers of MegaSurvey, built by integration of available public data together with PGS-owned 3D data to produce large-scale geologically continuous regional 3D datasets.
Contract work is seismic data acquisition under exclusive contract directly with customers, where the energy company owns the acquired data. PGS delivers fast and efficient acquisition of high quality seismic data with safe and environmentally sound operations.
Production seismic, or 4D, is a growing segment of the seismic contract market that enables energy companies to optimize producing fields. Operational precision, data resolution and survey repeatability are essential, and are areas where PGS excels. There is a growing adoption of the methodology outside of the traditional areas of the North Sea, Brazil, and Angola. 4D surveys are repeated at regular intervals during a producing field's life cycle, and those acquired with GeoStreamer multisensor technology is generally repeated with multisensor. During down-cycles in the oil and gas industry, energy companies may temporarily slow the frequency of 4D surveying to save cost and protect cash flow. Despite this, production seismic and nearfield exploration deliver short-cycle return on investment and tend to be more resilient than pure exploration projects. PGS expects 4D acquisition activity to grow over time as the focus on extracting existing reserves increases.
PGS has a productive core active acquisition fleet of Ramform vessels, comprising four Ramform Titan-class vessels and one Ramform S-class vessel. Ramform vessels have delta-shaped hulls and uniquely wide back decks, enabling safe and highly efficient seismic acquisition. The breadth of the Ramform back decks, 40 meters on the S-class and 70 meters on the Titanclass, provides unparalleled streamer handling capability. The PGS fleet delivers industryleading performance in deployment, acquisition, and streamer recovery.
PGS leads the industry in HSEQ performance and aims to sustain and improve this, with a culture based on operational excellence and safety.
PGS launched GeoStreamer in 2007 and has equipped all vessels with the multisensor streamer technology. Benefits of the technology include subsurface images of greater resolution, accuracy, and reliability. The streamer is towed deep, increasing the low-frequency signal content and its multisensor recording allows the accurate removal of unwanted noise that interferes with the seismic signal. The Company
is evolving the technology to increase durability, while maintaining data quality. The useful life of the streamer has been increased from seven years, for the earlier design, to more than ten years for the latest version.
In 2019 PGS launched GeoStreamer X, which capitalizes on the GeoStreamer technology with an innovative acquisition configuration. Adding new azimuths to existing data offers a highly cost-efficient alternative to improve illumination and subsurface understanding versus ocean bottom node systems.
PGS operates several imaging centers globally, where the Company images all new MultiClient data acquired and provides proprietary imaging services. In addition, PGS uses its state-ofthe-art imaging technology and innovative workflows to rejuvenate existing MultiClient library data. The Company's external imaging activities supply bespoke high-end, high-value services to a wide range of energy companies. Imaging services comprise GeoStreamer-based imaging technology, reservoir characterization, 4D processing solutions, and advanced imaging of ocean bottom node data.


The PGS MultiClient data library contains advanced images of the subsurface that energy companies use to explore for hydrocarbons. Better data enables more effective exploration and increases the chances of success.
The library focuses on areas of high prospectivity, where clients have good potential for accessing acreage. A range of commercial models for data licensing is available, designed to suit the exploration objectives and ambitions of any oil company.

PGS MultiClient 3D Library
Comprising almost 950 000 sq. km, of which approximately 55% is GeoStreamer 3D data.

Comprising approximately 580 000 line kilometers, of which 70% is GeoStreamer 2D data.


PGS has a unique advantage in being the only seismic operator to use vessels of the Ramform design. The ability to tow large, dense streamer spreads, as well as rapid streamer deployment and retrieval, are critical factors for high productivity. The capability to complete large surveys in short time spans is a signifi cant PGS advantage.


8 Streamers 6 Streamers
16+ Streamers 14 Streamers 12 Streamers 10 Streamers 8 Streamers 6 Streamers

*All available streamers are GeoStreamer

*Per million man-hours.

Active Vessel Time in 2020

2017 2018 2019 2020
*Per million man-hours.

70% Vessel Utilization in 2020

The PGS share has its primary listing on the Oslo Stock Exchange in Norway. In the United States, PGS has an ADS trading over the counter.
As of December 31, 2020 PGS had 387 206 996 shares outstanding, including American Depository Shares ("ADS"). Each share has a par value of NOK 3. The ticker code for PGS at the Oslo Stock Exchange is "PGS" and the shares are denominated in Norwegian kroner ("NOK"). The Company's ADS are traded over the counter in the US, have the ticker code "PGSVY" and are denominated in US dollars ("USD").
On average, approximately 4.8 million PGS shares were traded daily on the Oslo Stock Exchange in 2020.
The liquidity of PGS' ADS is significantly lower. The average daily ADS trading volume was approximately 6 828 in 2020.
PGS had 8 687 shareholders on record as of December 31, 2020, according to the Norwegian Central Securities Depository ("VPS"). By year-end 2020 US based investors owned approximately 37% of the outstanding PGS shares. Norwegian based investors had the second largest holding and accounted for approximately 35% ownership, while UK based investors held approximately 9% of the outstanding shares. The remaining 19% were mainly held by investors in other Western European countries.
As of December 31, 2020, Coltrane Asset Management was the largest PGS shareholder, owning 61.6 million shares or 15.9% of the Company. As of year-end 2020, PGS held 1 739 own shares.
All Company information considered material to the capital markets is published via the Oslo Stock Exchange's news service:
www.newsweb.no, and posted on the Company's website. PGS holds public presentations in connection with quarterly earnings releases, and management regularly meets with investors and participates at investor conferences.
As of December 31, 2020, there were 16 sellside analysts with research coverage of PGS. An updated list of analyst coverage is published on the Company's website.
PGS' 2021 Annual General Meeting is scheduled for April 21. Each PGS share is entitled to one vote. Please note that Norwegian regulations stipulate that shares must be registered in the name of a specific owner in order for that person (or duly authorized agent) to be allowed to vote. Shareholders who wish to attend the Annual General Meeting are requested to pre-register via the Company's registrar. The registrar's contact information follows:
DNB Bank ASA Registrar Services PO Box 1600 Sentrum NO-0021 Oslo, Norway
Phone: +47 23 26 80 20 Email: [email protected]
Owners of ADS can vote by surrendering their ADS to the ADS depositary bank, Deutsche Bank, so that title to the shares in question is appropriately recorded in the share register maintained by Norway's VPS prior to the meeting date.
The depositary bank for PGS' ADS is Deutsche Bank, the contact information is as follows:
Deutsche Bank Shareholder Services American Stock Transfer & Trust Company 6201 15th Avenue Brooklyn, NY 11219, USA
E-mail: db@astfi nancial.com Direct Dial: +1 718 921 8137
Moody's has a 'Caa1' corporate rating on PGS with Negative Outlook, and S&P has a CCC+ corporate rating also with Negative Outlook.

Citizenship of Shareholders

| 20 Largest PGS Shareholders* | December 31, 2020 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Total shares | Ownership % | ||
| Coltrane Asset Management LP | 61 601 485.00 | 15.9 | |
| University of Texas Investment Management Co. | 57 307 229.00 | 14.8 | |
| DNB Asset Management AS | 35 191 983.00 | 9.1 | |
| M&G Investment Management Ltd. | 28 618 383.00 | 7.4 | |
| Caius Capital LLP | 16 736 301.00 | 4.3 | |
| Folketrygdfondet | 13 637 664.00 | 3.5 | |
| Dimensional Fund Advisors LP | 13 340 751.00 | 3.4 | |
| Boing Company Employee Retirement | 13 015 165.00 | 3.4 | |
| Third Avenue Management LLC | 4 678 002.00 | 1.2 | |
| Credit Andorra | 4 616 595.00 | 1.2 | |
| Legal & General Investment Management Ltd. | 4 443 000.00 | 1.1 | |
| Andbank Wealth Management SGIIC SAU | 4 301 590.00 | 1.1 | |
| Canada Pension Plan Investment Board | 3 983 387.00 | 1.0 | |
| Susquehanna International Group Ltd. | 3 667 507.00 | 0.9 | |
| Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. | 3 636 858.00 | 0.9 | |
| MP Pensjon PK | 3 624 587.00 | 0.9 | |
| Storebrand Kapitalforvaltning AS | 3 192 209.00 | 0.8 | |
| SPB A/S | 2 166 273.00 | 0.6 | |
| Nordnet Livsforsikring AS | 1 728 382.00 | 0.4 | |
| Arrowstreet Capital LP | 1 659 763.00 | 0.4 | |
| Other | 106 059 882.00 | 27.4 | |
| Total | 387 206 996.00 | 100.0 |
2020 The Covid-19 pandemic had a severe negative impact on the seismic industry and PGS reduced cost and capital expenditures significantly as a response. Reached agreement with a majority of lenders to re-schedule amortization and maturities of interest-bearing debt by two years. Rejected a non-binding bid from TGS to acquire PGS MultiClient data library. Reached important milestones in the digital transformation process.
2019 Sold the Ramform Sterling to JOGMEC in Japan and entered into a related service agreement of up to 10 years with annual renewals. Changed name from Petroleum Geo-Services ASA to PGS ASA. Initiated a digital transformation process to accelerate strategy execution.
2018 Sold OptoSeis to GeoSpace as a part of the strategy to divest non-core assets.
2017 Took delivery of Ramform Hyperion, the last in a series of four Ramform Titan-class vessels. Launched initiative to centralize, simplify and streamline the organization.
2016 Ramform Tethys was delivered, the third in a series of four Ramform Titan-class vessels, improving fleet capabilities further with excellent operational performance.
2015 In an uncertain market environment PGS focused on cash flow and increased its liquidity reserve.
2014 Ramform Atlas, the second Ramform Titan-class vessel was delivered in January.
2013 PGS took delivery of the Ramform Titan, the first vessel in a series of four Ramform Titan-class ships.
2012 PGS exercised options to build another two Ramform Titan-class vessels and launched Separated Wavefield Imaging ("SWIM").
2011 PGS orders two new Ramform Titan-class vessels from Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Shipbuilding Co Ltd. in Japan, with options for additionally two vessels.
2010 PGS emerged as a focused marine geophysical company, following sale of its Onshore seismic business. PGS was reorganized into global product lines within four business areas: Marine Contract, MultiClient, Operations, and Imaging & Engineering. PGS Apollo joined the fleet.
2009 PGS took delivery of the Ramform Sterling.
2008 PGS took delivery of the Ramform Sovereign and the vessel sets new industry record with deployment of 17 streamers.
2007 PGS introduced the GeoStreamer, the first ever dual sensor streamer. The Company sells Ramform Victory to the Japanese Ministry of Economy Trade and Industry ("METI"). PGS acquired Arrow Seismic, Multi Transient Electro Magnetics ("MTEM") and Applied Geophysical Services ("AGS"). The first dividend in PGS history was paid.
2006 PGS demerged its floating production by listing and distributing to shareholders the company Petrojarl ASA. PGS becomes a dedicated geophysical services company and announces a plan to build two Ramform S-class vessels.
2005 Pertra was sold to Talisman, and PGS became a dedicated oil services company. In December the same year a full refinancing of the Company was completed.
2003 PGS sold Atlantis to Sinochem. An inability to meet debt obligations made PGS file for Chapter 11 under the US Bankruptcy code in July. PGS emerged from Chapter 11 in November the same year.
2002 PGS bought into in the Varg field in the North Sea from Norsk Hydro and Statoil and established the exploration and production company Pertra. PGS completes the world's 1st commercial Multi Azimuth ("MAZ") survey at Varg.
2001 The Company's data management business was sold to Landmark Graphics Corporation. Ramform Victory tows the world's first 16 streamer spread.
2000 PGS sold its subsidiary Spinnaker Exploration.
1999 A fourth FPSO, the Petrojarl Varg, was bought from Saga Petroleum. 1998 The production services business Atlantic Power was acquired. PGS added the Ramform Banff to the fleet of FPSO vessels.
1997 PGS was listed on the New York Stock Exchange. PGS Production is conceived with the acquisition of Golar-Nor and the FPSOs Petrojarl I and Petrojarl Foinaven
1995 Ramform seismic vessel technology was introduced with delivery of the Ramform Explorer. From 1995 to 1999, PGS designed, built, and deployed six proprietary Ramform survey vessels and grew to become a worldwide leader in the development and industrialization of 3D marine seismic acquisition.
1994 Acquisition of ERC – a reservoir consultancy group.
1993 Initial public offering on NASDAQ in the United States. With the acquisition of Tensor Inc., specialists in 3D processing and depth imaging, PGS' expanded into the data processing field.
1992 PGS was incorporated as a public limited liability company, Petroleum Geo-Services ASA, and listed on Oslo Stock Exchange.
1991 Geoteam and Precision Seismic merge to form Petroleum Geo-Services ("PGS"). Later the Company merged with Nopec. PGS' vision was to provide the most efficient acquisition of 3D marine seismic data.
PGS ASA ("PGS" or the "Company") is committed to maintaining high standards of corporate governance. We believe that effective corporate governance is essential to our Company's success and establishes the framework by which we conduct ourselves in delivering services to our customers and creating value for our shareholders.
PGS is registered in Norway as a public limited liability company, and our corporate governance model is based on Norwegian corporate law, the Oslo Stock Exchange's Issuer Rules, and the Norwegian Code of Practice for Corporate Governance (the "NUES Recommendations"). To the extent practicable, PGS also adheres to requirements applicable to registrants of foreign securities in the United States, where our American Depositary Shares ("ADS") are publicly traded. We have implemented corporate governance particularly suited to our Company and the industry in which we operate.
The Norwegian Public Limited Liability Companies Act section 5-6 (5) requires that the statement of Corporate Governance is brought up for the Annual General Meeting ("AGM"). Consequently, this report will be presented to the General Meeting on April 21, 2021.
Our corporate governance principles, which have been adopted by our Board of Directors (the "Board"), are summarized below. Our website provides full versions of our basic corporate governance documents and an overview of our governance structure. These items include the Company's Articles of Association, the Board' Rules of Procedure, and the charters for the Company's Audit Committee, Remuneration and Corporate Governance Committee ("Remco"), and Nomination Committee. The documents can be downloaded from www.pgs.com.
In accordance with the Norwegian Accounting Act section 3-3b, PGS is required to give a statement of our corporate governance in the Board's report. In the Board's report we refer to this document.
We have adopted a Code of Conduct that reflects our commitment to our shareholders, customers, and employees to carry out our business with the utmost integrity. Our Code of Conduct and Core Values are available in full on www.pgs.com.
At the heart of our Core Values is also a principled approach to Corporate Responsibility. We have built our framework
for Corporate Responsibility around three key areas: Environmental, Social and Governance matters. For a further description, see our 2020 ESG Report, which is available at www.pgs.com.
PGS is a fully integrated marine geophysical company that provides a broad range of seismic and reservoir services, including acquisition, imaging, interpretation, and field evaluation. The Company's MultiClient data library is among the largest in the seismic industry. The Company operates on a worldwide basis with headquarters in Oslo, Norway.
Our business purpose, as presented in the Company's Articles of Association, is as follows:
"The business of the Company is to provide services to and participate and invest in energy related businesses."
Our business operations and product portfolio are presented in greater detail on pages 15-24 of the Annual Report.
The shareholders' equity as of December 31, 2020 was \$396.4 million, corresponding to 19% of total assets.
As a result of a weak market over several years and the latest downturn following the outbreak of Covid-19 in 2020, combined with substantial investments in fleet renewal, net interest-bearing debt excluding lease liabilities, currently at \$937.6 million, is higher than what the Board sees as beneficial for stakeholders over time. Taking into account experience from the downcycle and with a view that the Company's markets will continue to be cyclical in the future, the Company has adopted a strategic target to over time reduce net interest-bearing debt to a level not exceeding \$500 to 600 million, assuming the current size and composition of business activities. As a result, the Company will give higher priority to profitability, cash flow generation and debt reduction than business growth until it reaches a lower debt level. Early 2020, the Company successfully completed a refinancing of most of its interest bearing debt and made an equity raise of approximately \$95 million.
At the time, the Company had seen a period of improving markets and profitability. However, the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic shortly thereafter had a severe negative impact on the market and the Company's revenues and cash flows. The Company, with the aim of preserving liquidity, responded by commencing processes to reducing operating costs and re-negotiate amortization and maturity profiles for its main credit facilities. These processes were completed during Q1-21, and included the issuance of a convertible loan. Please see Note 21 to the consolidated financial statements of PGS for further details. With the substantial cost reductions during 2020 and the re-scheduling of amortization and maturity on interest bearing debt, the Board believes that the Company is positioned to manage its debt obligations. During 2020, the Company reduced its net interest-bearing debt by \$69.9 million, or 7%.
The Board continually monitors the adequacy of the Company's capital structure in light of its objectives, strategy, risk profile and outlook.
The alternative performance measure "net interest-bearing debt" as used above, excludes lease liabilies recognized in accordance with IFRS 16 and is further defined in the Annual Report.
The Board has adopted a dividend policy whereby it is the intention to distribute 25 to 50 percent of annual net income as dividends over time. The Board has no general authorization to distribute dividends. Each year's dividend is decided by the AGM after a proposal from the Board.
The Company has not distributed dividends in recent years due to a weak market, operating losses and a need to maintain an adequate liquidity reserve. Going forward, the Company's capacity to pay dividend will be assessed by the Board in light of, among other things, the market outlook and the Company's equity and funding positions. Since the Company currently has net interest-bearing debt which is above the targeted level, priority is given to debt reduction before resuming dividend payments. In addition, the Company is restricted in its main credit facility from proposing a dividend for 2020 and these agreements require certain conditions to be fulfilled before the Company may propose a dividend payment.
The Board is authorized to buy back up to 10 percent of the Company's share capital (treasury shares). The current authorization expires on June 30, 2021. However, a new authorization will, in line with past practice, be proposed at the next AGM. Purchase of treasury shares are subject to restrictions in the Company's main credit facility identical to those applicable for distribution of dividends.
It has been an ongoing practice of PGS shareholders to grant authorizations to the Board permitting it to increase the Company's share capital or issue convertible loans for up to
10 percent of the Company's share capital for certain defined purposes. The current authorization was used to issue a convertible note related to the debt re-scheduling process completed in early 2021. A new authorization in line with past practice will be proposed at the next AGM.
Separate General Meeting votes are held for (a) authorizations to increase the share capital for certain business purposes, (b) authorization to issue convertible loans and (c) authorization to acquire treasury shares. When a proposed resolution encompasses share capital increases and/or the issuance of convertible loans and/or acquisition of treasury shares for various purposes, the Company does not find it practical to hold separate votes on each element of proposals. This is a deviation from the NUES Recommendation No. 3 where it is recommended that when the General Meeting is to consider mandates to the Board for the issue of shares for different purposes, each mandate should be considered separately by the meeting.
PGS has a single share class and all shares carry the same rights. At our General Meetings, each share carries one vote. Our Board is committed to equal treatment of shareholders in all respects.
When applicable, transactions involving the Company's own shares are carried out through a stock exchange, or at prevailing stock-exchange prices if carried out in an alternative manner.
Transactions between the Company and shareholders, a shareholder's parent company, members of the Board, executive officers, or close associates of any such party (referred to as "Close Associates") shall be conducted at arm's length distance and at market terms. Material transactions with Close Associates will be subject to independent valuation by third parties. According to PGS' Code of Conduct, our employees shall not have any personal or financial interest that might conflict with those of PGS nor influence, or appear to influence judgments or actions in carrying out their responsibilities on behalf of the Company. According to the Board's Rules of Procedure, a member of our Board may not participate in discussions or decisionmaking as to issues in which the Director or any person closely associated with the Director has a material personal or financial interest. The Code of Conduct and Rules of Procedure are available on www.pgs.com.
The Company's shares are freely transferable and there are no restrictions imposed by the Company on ownership of or voting for shares.
Through participation in General Meetings, our shareholders exercise ultimate authority over the Company and, with exception of the employee elected Directors, elect the members of its Board and the chairperson of the Board.
Pursuant to the Company's Articles of Association, the notice of an AGM is distributed at least four weeks in advance of the meeting to shareholders or their depository banks. For ADS holders, the record date for notice-distribution purposes is set at approximately five weeks prior to the AGM. A copy of the calling notice with appendices will be posted on www.pgs.com.
Notices convening Extraordinary General Meetings ("EGM") must be distributed at least three weeks ahead of the meeting. The Board is to call shareholders to an EGM upon a written demand by the Company's independent auditor or shareholders representing at least five percent of the share capital, or for other purposes.
Shareholders who wish to attend a General Meeting must notify the Company's registrar or PGS by the deadline stated in the meeting notice, which must be at least two working days before the General Meeting.
According to the Company's Articles of Association, documents to be considered at the General Meeting may be published on our website. The same applies to documents that, due to statutory requirements must be attached to, or included in the notice calling the General Meeting. If the documents are published in such a manner, the statutory requirements for distribution shall not apply. Nevertheless, shareholders are entitled to request that documents to be considered by the General Meeting are sent to them via regular mail.
To vote at General Meetings, in person or by proxy, a shareholder must be registered with the Norwegian Central Securities Depository ("VPS"). Holders of ADS may vote according to the underlying shares by: (a) having the underlying shares transferred to an account with the Norwegian Central Securities Depository in the name of the holder, (b) attending the meeting as a shareholder by providing their name, address and evidence that they are the beneficial owner of the ADSs and coordinating with Deutsche Bank, depositary for the ADS, to have their ADSs blocked from voting, or (c) authorizing Deutsche Bank to vote the ADS on their behalf in accordance with specific guidelines.
An owner with shares registered through a custodian has voting rights equivalent to the number of shares covered by the custodial arrangement, provided that the owner of the shares, within two working days ahead of the General Meeting, provides PGS with his or her name and address together with written confirmation from the custodian
to the effect that he or she is the beneficial owner of the shares held in custody.
Written and/or electronic voting in accordance with the Norwegian Public Limited Liability Companies Act, section 5-8b, shall be allowed for meetings where such method of voting is arranged by the Board. Under the prevailing Covid-19 situation and rules, the Company will for the 2021 AGM facilitate a virtual meeting.
Generally, all Directors normally attend the AGM together with the chairperson of the Nomination Committee and the auditor. In accordance with the Company's Articles of Association, the chairperson of the Board chairs General Meetings. This is a deviation from the NUES Recommendation No. 6 for making arrangements to ensure an independent chairperson for the General Meetings. The reason for this deviation is that the Company has found this more practical and that PGS wishes to ensure that General Meetings are chaired by a competent person having proper insight into PGS' overall operations.
According to our current Articles of Association, the Company has a Nomination Committee comprised of four members to be elected by our shareholders at the AGM. The majority of Nomination Committee members shall qualify as independent parties, pursuant to the NUES Recommendations. The term of service shall be two years unless the General Meeting determines that the period shall be shorter.
The Nomination Committee's main responsibilities, which are set out in the Nomination Committee Mandate and Charter, are to propose nominees for election as members and chairperson of the Board and the Nomination Committee. Further, the Nomination Committee proposes remuneration to be paid to members of the Board and Nomination Committee. The remuneration is approved by the General Meeting. Annually, the Nomination Committee produces a written report containing its nominations and proposals, which is distributed in advance of each AGM.
Once a year, the Nomination Committee meets with each Director individually and discusses how the Board and its committees function and whether there is a need for changes to the Board. The Nomination Committee also keeps contact with shareholders and the Company's President & CEO ("CEO") as part of its work.
As of December 31, 2020, the Nomination Committee comprises Harald Norvik (chairperson), Terje Valebjørg, Alex Herger and Ole Jakob Hundstad. Mr. Norvik was a first time electee at the 2017 AGM as chairperson, whereas Mr. Valebjørg was a first time electee on the 2016 AGM as a member, and Ms. Herger and Mr. Hundstad were first
time electees as members at the 2019 AGM. These four individuals were all re-elected at the 2020 AGM, all for a service period ending with the 2021 AGM.
Shareholders who wish to propose new Board members or new members of the Nomination Committee may do so by submitting a candidate's name to PGS' investor relations staff via www.pgs.com by following the link, "Nominate a Board Member." The deadline for submissions each year is January 31. Alternatively, candidates can be proposed by letter to PGS attn. General Counsel or via email to ir@pgs. com. PGS does not employ any Nomination Committee members and none is a member of the Board.
In 2020, the Nomination Committee held three meetings and conference calls. The Nomination Committee's report on its work and recommendations is set out in Appendix II to the Calling Notice.
According to the Company's Articles of Association, our Board shall have from three to thirteen Directors. The period of service for members of the Board shall be one year.
The Board has adopted its own Rules of Procedure that establish in more detail its roles and responsibilities, including:
The composition of the Board is a reflection of the Company's commitment to protect the common interests of all shareholders and the Company's need for expertise, capacity and diversity.
As of December 31, 2020, the Board comprised five shareholder elected and three employee elected Directors. The current shareholder elected Directors are Walter Qvam (chairperson), Anne Grete Dalane, Richard Herbert, Marianne Kah and Trond Brandsrud, whilst the current employee elected Directors are Anette Valbø, Hege Renshus and Grunde Rønholt. The current Directors are presented more in detail on www.pgs.com and in this Annual Report.
All shareholder elected Directors are independent of the Company's management. All such Directors are also per December 31, 2020, independent of our major business relations and major shareholders (owning more than 10% of the shares in the Company ). No shareholder elected Director may be an executive of PGS. Such Directors are not permitted to perform paid consultancy work for PGS. As of
December 31, 2020, all Directors, directly or indirectly, own PGS shares.
Shareholders and other interested parties may communicate directly with our shareholder elected Directors by written correspondence addressed to PGS ASA, Board (shareholder elected members), Secretary of the Board or to the Company's General Counsel Lars Ragnar van der Bijl Mysen, PO Box 251, NO-0216 Oslo, Norway. Further, the Company has on www.pgs.com posted an invitation to shareholders for discussing corporate governance or corporate responsibility matters by contacting Mr. Mysen by phone or arranging a meeting with him.
In accordance with Norwegian corporate law, our Board has overall responsibility for management of the Company, while the CEO is responsible for day-to-day management.
The Board provides oversight of the CEO's day-to-day management and company activities in general. The Board is also responsible for ensuring that appropriate management, guidelines, and control systems are in place and are followed.
The CEO, as agreed with the chairperson of the Board, annually submits a schedule of the meetings of the Board of Directors in the upcoming calendar year. The schedule is subject to Board approval. In 2020, the Board held 16 meetings. Due to the Covid-19 situation, most meetings were held using MS Teams or held as a hybrid of MS Teams/ physical meeting. During 2020, all the shareholder-elected Directors participated in all prescheduled board meetings.
Key elements of the Rules of Procedure cover the Board'' responsibilities to determine the Company's financial targets, set strategy along with the CEO and executive committees, and approve business plans, budgets, and budgetary and risk frameworks. The Board reviews at least annually the objectives, strategy and risk profile for the Company. In its supervision of the Company's business activities, the Board will seek to ensure that satisfactory procedures are in place for monitoring and follow-up of Board-approved corporate principles and guidelines covering areas such as ethical conduct; adherence to laws, rules, and regulations; health, safety and environment; and corporate responsibility.
The Rules of Procedure also require an annual self-evaluation to determine whether the Board and its committees are functioning effectively. The annual self-evaluation is prepared and facilitated by the Remco. An anonymous survey is carried out and the findings are discussed by the Board. The survey's findings are made available to the Nomination Committee. The Chairperson of the Nomination Committee also shares with the Board relevant information for improvement of Board processes that may come up in their annual interviews with individual Directors.
Each scheduled Board meeting includes a separate session at which issues may be discussed without the presence of the Company's management.
The tasks and duties of the CEO vis-à-vis the Company's Board are also outlined in the Rules of Procedure, along with the tasks and duties of the chairperson of the Board. The CEO participates in all board meetings other than closed sessions. The Board elects a vice chairperson to chair board meetings in the chairperson's absence. The full text of the Board's Rules of Procedure is available at www.pgs.com.
Our governance structure is organized as described below.
Our Board is responsible for the supervision of our business activities. The Board has established an Audit Committee and a Remco to assist in organizing and carrying out its responsibilities. The mandate and charter for the Audit Committee and Remco is available at www.pgs.com.
Board responsibilities include:
The responsibilities of the CEO include:
As of December 31, 2020, our Audit Committee comprises Directors Anne Grethe Dalane (chairperson), Richard Herbert, Marianne Kah, Anette Valbø and Hege Renshus. All shareholder elected Director's being members of the committee are considered independent of the Company. The committee's functions are to assist the Board in its supervision of the integrity of PGS' financial statements; to monitor the independent auditor's qualifications, independence and performance; to monitor the performance of the internal audit function; and to promote and review compliance with laws and regulatory requirements.
As of December 31, 2020, Remco comprises Directors Walter Qvam (chairperson), Trond Brandsrud, and Grunde Rønholt. All shareholder elected Director's being members of this committee are considered independent of the Company's senior management. The function of the committee is to assist in matters relating to compensation, benefits, and perquisites of the CEO and other senior executives. Review and modification of the Company's corporate governance implemented in the Company are also committee responsibilities.
In 2020, the Board also mandated two ad-hoc committees. The first was comprised by Mr. Qvam, Ms. Dalane and Mr. Brandsrud to – together with the PGS management and advisors – oversee the Company's process for amending and extending the main credit facilities. The second was a defence steering committee comprising Mr. Qvam, Ms. Kah, Mr. Brandsrud and Mr. Herbert to work with the Company's management and advisors to evaluate the unsolicited, non-binding and conditional bid from TGS for the Company's multiclient library.
The Board is responsible for ensuring that appropriate guidelines, monitoring, and internal control systems are in place. These are to include embedding risk management, designating risk ownership, and implementing risk responses and controls.
The Board has systems in place to assess that the CEO exercises appropriate and effective management. The Board's Audit Committee assesses the integrity of PGS' accounts. It also enquires about, on behalf of the Board, issues related to financial review and external audit of PGS' accounts. Further, the Board and the Audit Committee supervise and verify that effective internal control systems are in place, including systems for risk management and financial reporting.
The Board and the Audit Committee take steps to ensure that the Company's internal control functions are working as intended and that necessary measures are taken to reduce extraordinary risk exposure. Furthermore, the Board makes certain that there are satisfactory routines for follow-up of principles and guidelines adopted by the Board governing (i) ethical conduct; compliance with laws, rules and regulations; health, safety and working environment; and Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) issues, and (ii) how the Company integrates stakeholder considerations into the Company's value creation.
The Company's anti-corruption program includes a policy, manual and work instructions as to several ethical issues, periodic training, high risk area assessment and monitoring, compulsory contract wording, etc. The policy and procedures are available at www.pgs.com. The program is evaluated on a regular basis by the Audit Committee.
Management maintains and regularly reviews a risk matrix setting out the main risks for the Company. These risk factors and the Company's risk mitigating activities are subject to discussion in the Board at least once a year.
Management conducts day-to-day follow-up of financial management and reporting. Management has established a structured approach to ensure that the system for Internal Control over Financial Reporting ("ICFR") is effective. ICFR includes identification and assessment of all material financial reporting risks, identifying and documenting relevant controls to address these risks, and monitoring that controls are implemented and performed. For controls that are not operationally effective at yearend, their potential financial exposure and impact on the consolidated financial statements are evaluated.
PGS has an Internal Audit Department reporting directly to the Audit Committee on its audit planning and audit reports. The purpose of the Internal Audit Department is to perform independent, objective assurance and consulting activities that add value and improve the Company's initiatives in financial, operational and compliance areas.
The scope of work for the Internal Audit Department includes determining whether the Company's risk management, control, and governance, as designed and represented by management, are adequate and well-functioning.
The audit reports are issued to the Audit Committee. In addition, the Internal Audit Department regularly monitors and reports status of management's actions to respond to identified risks or weaknesses.
Remuneration of shareholder elected Directors is not linked to performance but is based on an annual fee and is subject to annual approval by the General Meeting. Shareholder elected Directors shall not solicit or accept specific assignments for PGS beyond their role as Directors. Shareholder elected Directors neither hold any PGS share options, restricted stock units nor performance based restricted stock units.
For details on compensation to individual Directors, please see Note 30 to the consoliated financial statements of PGS.
Remuneration payable to both employee elected and shareholder elected Directors will be proposed by the Nomination Committee according to its Mandate and Charter, and is submitted to the AGM for approval.
Executive remuneration is one of the primary tasks of Remco. The committee annually reviews the total compensation level, the mix between fixed and performance related compensation and the mix between short and long-term compensation. Remco has developed an annual schedule in order to ensure and facilitate a structured approach to the annual review of executive compensation.
Remco has with the help of an external advisor identified a specific peer group of comparable companies across relevant markets. The advisor has collected and combined information related to total compensation level and structure amongst these companies. As of December 31, 2020, the peer group consisted of 15 companies from Norway and Europe. These companies are of comparable size and have international operations in the oil & gas and oil services sectors. The peer group is subject to regular review. The Board and Remco uses this information, among other tools, to benchmark and decide on an appropriate total compensation structure for the CEO and other executives.
Compensation for the CEO adheres to the same process as that used for other executives, but is also subject to approval by the Board.
The current remuneration package for our CEO and other executives includes fixed elements and variable elements. The fixed elements consist of a base salary and other benefits such as car allowance, phone, internet and similar. The fixed elements also include a defined contribution pension scheme and an individual pension scheme. The variable elements consist of Short Term Incentive Plans which is our annual bonus scheme, and Long Term Incentive Plans which are composed of Performance Restricted Stock Units. Features of these programs include an absolute ceiling on performance-related remuneration.
For further details on the compensation structure and total compensation to the CEO and executive team members, please see Note 30 to the consolidated financial statement of PGS, and also the Board's Policy on Remuneration to the CEO and Senior Executives set forth as Appendix VI to the Calling Notice.
The Board is committed to reporting financial results and other relevant information based on openness and the requirement of equal treatment of all shareholders and securities market participants. The Company complies with relevant disclosure rules and regulations. Announcements are released through the GlobeNewswire reporting channel and posted on the Oslo Stock Exchange's NewsWeb service. In addition, all announcements are available on www.pgs.com. The Company's policy of accessibility for shareholders is also presented on the Company's website.
The Company has an investor relations function to ensure that requests for information from shareholders, analysts and other interested parties are satisfied. The Company has an active investor communication program which includes senior management attending roadshows in connection with reporting of financial results, presentations at relevant investor conferences, and availability for one-on-one meetings. These activities have been virtual during most of 2020 and beginning of 2021. The Company hosts a Capital Markets Day presentation every other year.
The Board and the Nomination Committee once a year invites shareholders to join in a dialog on corporate governance and corporate responsibility matters. The invitation is posted on www.pgs.com and any shareholder may initiate communication with the Company on these matters.
The Board has established guiding principles for how it will act in the event of a takeover bid. The Board will ensure that all shareholders are treated equally and seek to prevent disruptions to, or interference with, Company operations to the extent possible. In the event of a takeover bid, the Board will, in accordance with its overall responsibilities and good corporate governance, act in the best interest of shareholders and ensure that they are given sufficient information in the matter. If a takeover bid is made, the Board will issue a statement containing a recommendation as to whether the shareholders should accept or reject the offer, including an independent valuation of the offer. The Company's Articles of Association do not contain any restrictions, limitations, or defense mechanisms against acquisition of its shares.
The Audit Committee shall support the Board in the administration and exercise of its responsibility for supervision of the work of the independent auditor, who shall keep the Board informed of all aspects of its work for PGS. This duty includes submission of an annual plan for the audit of PGS. The auditor attends all Audit Committee meetings and, at least twice a year, meets with the Audit Committee without the presence of management. In-house policies govern the use of the auditor's services. Use of the auditor for services other than the audit of PGS requires preapproval by the Audit Committee.
The independent auditor meets with the full Board at least once a year in connection with the preparation of the annual financial statements and, at least once a year, presents a review of PGS' financial reporting and internal control procedures for financial reporting. At least once a year, the independent auditor meets with the Board without the presence of any member of the executive management.
Remuneration paid to the auditor for mandatory and other audit services will be reported to the AGM for approval.
As part of PGS' Business Practice outlined on www.pgs.com, PGS is inter alia committed to comply with relevant laws, rules, and regulations, as well as the Oslo Stock Exchange's Issuer Rules. In addition, PGS complies with the current recommendations set forth in the NUES Recommendations, subject only to deviations identified and justified in this report. The NUES Recommendations are available at www.nues.no.
The Board further conducts periodic reviews of PGS' corporate governance policies and procedures, including the Board's Rules of Procedure. This process is conducted annually and managed by Remco. Any changes to policies or procedures are presented to the Board for approval.
The Board of Directors is responsible for the administration, development, and supervision of PGS business activities.

Chairperson (Elected 2016) | Board Member since 2013 | Remuneration and Corporate Governance Committee Chairperson | Shareholding: 35 000
Mr. Qvam was previously the President and CEO of Kongsberg Group ASA, and he has held leading positions in various other prominent Norwegian and international businesses in a variety of fi elds, including oil & gas and shipping, (DNV), IT (Capgemini), transportation (the Norwegian State Railway) and consultancy (Gemini Consulting). In addition to his role as Chairperson of PGS, Mr. Qvam is also the Chairperson of the Council of DNV and the Chairperson of the Board of the research organization SINTEF, the cyber security specialists mnemonic, the mobility start-up wheel me, the hydrogen company HydrogenPro and DigitalNorway. Mr. Qvam graduated Master of Science (M.Sc.) from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (1979).

Vice Chairperson (Elected 2018) | Board Member since 2013 | Audit Committee Chairperson | Shareholding: 18 000
Ms. Dalane is a Senior Executive at Yara International and previously held a number of senior positions at Norsk Hydro. She is currently VP Finance at Yara International. Her previous experience covers a range of fi elds including HR as well as oil and gas. She has been Region Director Latin America and Country Manager of Argentina. She serves as a Director of BW LPG. Ms. Dalane's background is in economics and she holds a business degree from the Norwegian School of Economics NHH.

Board Member since 2017 | Audit Committee Member | Shareholding: 9 500
Mr. Herbert is a petroleum geologist who has worked in the global upstream industry for more than 40 years. He started his career with Phillips Petroleum, then spent 19 years with BP working on international exploration and development projects with senior positions in southeast Asia, Latin America, USA and Angola as well as the UK North Sea. From 2003-2008 he worked for TNK-BP in Russia, fi rst as Exploration Vice-President and subsequently as Executive Vice President of Technology. He then worked for Talisman Energy in Calgary, Canada as Exploration Vice President from 2009-2013 before returning to BP in 2013 to join the upstream executive team as Chief Operating Offi cer, Exploration. Richard Herbert retired from BP at the end of 2016. He joined the Board of Frontera Energy Corporation in 2017 and subsequently transferred to be the CEO of the company, based in Bogota, Colombia, from 2018 until March 2021. He holds a BSc in Geology from the University of Bristol in the UK.

Ms. Kah was the Chief Economist of ConocoPhillips for 25 years retiring in November 2017. She was a member of the strategy committee of ConocoPhillips and was responsible for oil and gas market outlooks, scenario planning, and assessing disruptive risks to the company. She was also involved with planning and participating in strategy meetings with ConocoPhillips' Board of Directors. She currently serves on the Advisory Board of the University of Texas Energy Institute, and she is an adjunct senior research scholar and member of the Advisory Board of Columbia University's Center on Global Energy Policy. In 2019, Kah joined the Board of Directors in Allegheny Technologies Inc. She was past President of the U.S. Association for Energy Economics for the calendar year 2019, and currently co-chairs the Energy Roundtable for the National Association for Business Economics.

Board Member since 2019 | Remuneration and Corporate Governance Committee Member | Shareholding: 35 000
Mr. Brandsrud is a board member and non-executive director of several listed and private-equity owned companies. These include Aker BP, where he chairs the audit and risk committee, and Lowell, where chairs the audit committee and serves as a member of the risk as well as the remuneration committees. Brandsrud has 30 years' experience from the oil and gas industry. He has served as Group CFO at both Aker and Seadrill, and has held a wide range of senior fi nancial positions in Royal Dutch Shell. Recently, he has also held group CFO and CEO positions in the private equity backed companies Lindorff and Lowell, in the fi nancial services sector. Trond Brandsrud is a Norwegian citizen and holds a master's degree from the Norwegian School of Economics (NHH).

Employee Elected Board Member since 2015 | Audit Committee Member | Shareholding: 7 142
Ms. Valbø joined PGS in 2002. Her current position is Bid Manager. She has previously held various Business Controller positions within Marine Contract and Operations business area. Prior to joining the Company, Ms. Valbø served in various positions within auditing and accounting in Frontline Ltd. and DNB. Ms. Valbø holds a bachelor degree in accounting and auditing from Molde University College, Norway.

Employee Elected Board Member since 2017 | Audit Committee Member | Shareholding: 1 918
Ms. Renshus joined PGS in 1995. Her current position is Vice President Seismic Quality. When joining PGS she worked off shore as a seismic navigator. In the Oslo offi ce she has held various technical and management positions linked to QC processes and positioning. Ms. Renshus holds a M.Sc. in Geomatics from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology.

Employee Elected Board Member since 2019 | Remuneration and Corporate Governance Committee Member | Shareholding: 45 000
Mr. Rønholt joined PGS in 2011 to work with advanced imaging technology. He is currently Vice President Eastern Hemisphere for Imaging Operations, based in Oslo. He has worked with seismic imaging and processing services for more than 20 years, fi rst with multi-component data at READ Well Services, and later with towed streamer data at CGG. Grunde holds a M.Sc. in Geology from the University of Tromsø.
Preventive measures to reduce the spread of the coronavirus caused a major disruption of the oil markets and a significant reduction in energy companies' investment plans. PGS' financial results in 2020 were severely negatively impacted by the Covid-19 pandemic. To compensate for the revenue loss, PGS substantially reduced costs and took measures to preserve liquidity. The swift response has enabled the Company to navigate through the downturn, preserve liquidity reserve and be positioned to return quickly to generating positive cash flow and repay debt when the market recovers.
PGS is an integrated marine geophysical company providing a broad range of seismic and reservoir services, including acquisition, imaging, interpretation, and field evaluation. The Company's MultiClient data library is among the largest in the seismic industry, with modern 3D coverage in all significant offshore hydrocarbon provinces of the world. The Company operates on a worldwide basis with headquarters in Oslo, Norway.
PGS is organized in three primary business units: Sales & Services, Technology & Digitalization and Operations.
The Covid-19 pandemic had a severe negative impact on the marine seismic market and PGS Segment revenues, excluding government grants, was reduced by 37% compared to 2019.
PGS has taken several actions to manage through the severe market challenge:
Gross cash cost was reduced by more than \$200 million, from a ~\$600 million initial plan for 2020 to below \$400 million expected for 2021, by stacking three vessels, reducing office-based personnel by approximately 40%, reorganizing office functions,
renegotiating terms with suppliers and several other initiatives.
PGS has delivered strong vessel and Imaging project execution in 2020, despite Covid-19 restrictions and challenges.
In August an unsolicited, conditional and non-binding proposal from TGS to acquire PGS' MultiClient data library for \$600 million was rejected. The Board and Management of PGS were of the view that the value of PGS' MultiClient data library is significantly higher to PGS than the offer from TGS.
PGS has manifested its leading position in Egypt by securing 15 vessel months of Ramform Titan-class acquisition work, capitalizing on PGS' integrated service offering.
The Company also entered a strategic partnership with TGS and CGG to offer clients a single point to access MultiClient data libraries. The partnership provides a shopping window to clients for accessing the three individual MultiClient data libraries, allowing customers to interactively find, visualize and download their subsurface assets and entitlements all in one place.
Moreover, the Company reached important milestones in the digital transformation process by developing a Cloud based MultiClient sales platform, achieved tangible results in optimizing vessel operating cost and efficiency and commenced commercial imaging projects in the Cloud.
PGS is the only fully integrated marine seismic acquisition and imaging company, offering a full range of towed streamer acquisition and imaging services through both Contract and MultiClient business models. Being in full control of seismic acquisition vessels, imaging and technology, positions PGS to deliver the best and most flexible solutions to clients under any contract type. Further, being a fully integrated marine seismic company makes PGS able to deliver on its strategic priorities in a way that distinguishes it from competitors while providing superior value to its clients. At the same time PGS will continue to undertake selected technology development programs to further improve client value and operational effectiveness.
Capital expenditures relating to the Ramform Titan-class new build program, followed by the prolonged industry downturn from 2014 to 2018, has led to present levels of interestbearing debt being higher than targeted. The Company will prioritize profitability, cash flow and debt reduction before growth and will focus on delivering a competitive return on capital employed over the cycle. Debt reduction will be given priority to ensure PGS reaches a capital structure that is sustainable through future downturns. The Covid-19 pandemic abruptly halted the improving seismic market experienced during 2019 and early 2020. Net interest-bearing debt (excluding lease liabilities ) is currently at \$938 million and, while PGS has adjusted expenditures to mitigate the impact of lower revenues, it will need a market recovery to continue significant debt repayments and achieve the targeted level of \$500-600 million.
The PGS business strategy comprises the following key priorities:
experienced significant client interest from the improvements.
R&D focus on digital solutions for imaging and acquisition
PGS is advancing in its digital transformation and has reached several important milestones to accelerate strategy execution. The Company focuses its research and development resources on differentiating technologies leveraging the benefits of digitalization. Examples are identifying processing patterns in historical data sets to minimize testing and accelerate data delivery. PGS is also moving an increasing number of repetitive manual processing tasks to computer resources to reduce cycle times.
PGS is one of the largest participants in the global marine 3D seismic market, with a market share in 2020 of approximately 35%, measured by number of streamers operated.
Entering 2020 there were expectations of a continuation of the improving seismic market from 2019. In March 2020 the precautionary measures to reduce the spread of the coronavirus caused a major disruption of the oil markets and energy companies reduced their investment plans significantly. PGS and the seismic industry were immediately impacted by the abrupt negative change through sharply reduced MultiClient sales and seismic survey activity. In early second quarter, there was a dramatic decline in bidding activity for contract seismic work. Volumes increased somewhat in the consecutive quarters, but generally remained low as a majority of the planned 2020 seismic contract acquisition work was pushed into 2021 and 2022 to preserve cash among energy companies.
For new MultiClient projects it was challenging to secure sufficient pre-funding, and sales from MultiClient data libraries were primarily limited to license round activity and commitments energy companies have on acreage in their portfolio.
The energy transition will impact the seismic market. However, PGS expects that over the next decades, oil & gas will continue to be an important part of the energy mix. There will be significant demand for seismic to secure sufficient hydrocarbon resources and maximize recovery from existing fields.
With the energy transition, the seismic market is likely to gradually move from traditional greenfield exploration areas towards proven hydrocarbon basins, near-field exploration and producing fields. Near-field exploration and production (4D) reservoir optimization seismic will consequently be increasingly important. The number of companies applying 4D to one or more of their fields have increased five-fold over the last decade. PGS has a solid market share in the 4D segment because of the Company's GeoStreamer offering providing superior data quality, as well as steerable streamers and sources making it possible to precisely replicate earlier 3D surveys and baseline 4D surveys.
The operated 3D vessel capacity in the seismic industry decreased by approximately 20% in 2020 compared to 2019 and is now at the lowest level since the mid-1990s, as a result of the substantial demand decline caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. Despite the significant capacity reduction, utilization in the industry has been generally low through the year.
PGS is focusing its research and development resources on differentiating technologies for imaging and seismic acquisition. The Company capitalizes on digital solutions to achieve improved efficiency, reduced capital expenditures and ultimately higher prices for the Company's services.
GeoStreamer, the first-ever dual-sensor streamer and a proprietary PGS technology, was a game changer in streamer technology and the best proof of PGS' technology differentiation.
GeoStreamer affects the entire E&P life cycle, reducing exploration risk, improving the delineation of reservoir details, enabling accurate reservoir characterization and better production management. The unique design of GeoStreamer has created several new paradigms for how seismic data is used by PGS' customers. Separated Wavefield Imaging ("SWIM") is a technology that significantly improves understanding of shallow geology and drilling hazards whilst simultaneously enabling improvements in survey efficiency - a concept previously viewed as contradictory. SWIM is an example of a unique solution made possible by GeoStreamer data.
The GeoStreamer was originally developed to improve seismic data quality. PGS has now developed the Next Generation GeoStreamer, which will have a significantly lower manufacturing cost, extended design life and several operational benefits. This is achieved without compromising on the data quality. PGS expects to commence production of the Next Generation GeoStreamer in 2021.
PGS is also making significant R&D progress with seismic sources. The Company has the industry leading source steering technology, and through new technology and improved towing configurations, PGS can deliver improved acquisition efficiency by leveraging wide source separation. In 2020 PGS reached an ultimate milestone for wide-tow multi-source acquisition when Ramform Tethys conducted a seismic survey with a penta-source configuration delivering 315-meter total separation, compared to a normal separation of 100 meters.
Following implementation of the accounting standard for revenues, IFRS 15, in 2018, MultiClient pre-funding revenues are recognized at delivery of the final processed data, which is typically significantly later than the acquisition of the seismic data.
For internal management purposes PGS continues to use the revenue recognition principle applied in previous years before implementation of IFRS 15, which is based on percentage of completion and uses this for purposes of Segment Reporting. See Note 4 in the annual financial statements for description.
The comments below relate to both the Company's primary financial statements with the adoption of IFRS 15 from January 1, 2018 ("As Reported") and segment financial information "Segment" unless otherwise stated.
In 2020, As Reported revenues amounted to \$512.0 million, compared to \$930.8 million in 2019.
2020 Segment Revenues were \$595.9 million, compared to \$880.1 million in 2019, a decrease of \$284.2 million, or 32%. The decline is mainly driven by the weak market as energy companies have significantly reduced spending in response to the disruptions in the oil market caused by the Covid-19 pandemic.
Contract revenues ended at \$146.7 million, compared to \$318.8 million in 2019, a decrease of \$172.1 million, or 54%, primarily as a result of a significantly weaker market, fewer vessels in operation and a lower share of the active capacity allocated to contract work.
In 2020, MultiClient pre-funding revenues, As Reported, were \$134.7 million, predominantly driven by completion of surveys in Europe and Asia. This was a decrease of \$172.5 million, or 56%, compared to 2019, owing to less surveys completed and delivered to customers in the period.
Segment MultiClient pre-funding revenues in 2020 were \$218.6 million, compared to \$256.5 million in 2019, a decrease of \$37.9 million, or 15%. In 2020 the active vessel capacity allocated to MultiClient projects was 70% of total available fleet time, which was an increase from 50% in 2019. In combination with the reduced number of vessels in operation, this resulted in a 10% reduction in vessel acquisition time for MultiClient projects in 2020 compared to 2019. MultiClient pre-funding revenues in 2020 were highest in the Middle East and Africa.
Segment MultiClient pre-funding revenues as a percentage of capitalized cash investment (excluding capitalized interest) was 98%, inside the Company's targeted range of 80-120%, compared to 105% in 2019. Cash investment in the MultiClient library ended at \$222.3 million, compared to \$244.8 million in 2019, a decrease of \$22.5 million, or 9%. The lower MultiClient cash investment is mainly due to less 3D vessel capacity allocated to MultiClient.
MultiClient late sales in 2020 were \$167.3 million, compared to \$273.1 million in 2019, a decrease of \$105.8 million, or 39%. The decrease comes as a result of lower demand as clients significantly reduced their spending in response to the low oil price from March onwards and delays in completing license round award processes in several countries. MultiClient late sales were highest in Europe and South America.
Total Segment MultiClient revenues (pre-funding and late sales combined) decreased by \$143.7 million or 27%, compared to 2019 and ended at \$385.9 million.
The Company recorded Covid-19 related cash support from the Norwegian Government amounting to \$38.8 million as other income. The fleet allocation ratio, active 3D vessel time for marine contract versus MultiClient data acquisition, was 29:71 in 2020, compared to 50:50 in 2019.
The Company closely monitors its gross cash costs. Gross cash costs are defined as the sum of reported net operating expenses (excluding depreciation, amortization, impairments, deferred steaming, net and other charges, net), the cash operating costs capitalized as investments in the MultiClient library, and capitalized development costs. In 2020 gross cash costs ended at \$426.2 million, a reduction of \$153.6 million, or 26%, compared to 2019.
PGS has implemented substantial measures to reduce cost and respond to lower activity levels. During Q2 and Q3 2020 the Company stacked the vessels PGS Apollo, Sanco Swift and Ramform Vanguard. Further, in Q3 2020 PGS completed a comprehensive reorganization to reduce office-based personnel by approximately 40% compared to the start of the year, renegotiated terms with suppliers and implemented several other initiatives. Cost levels through 2020 also benefited from a weak Norwegian krone and lower fuel prices. The cost measures have reduced PGS annual gross cash cost run rate to below \$400 million a reduction of more than \$200 million from the initial 2020 guiding of ~\$600 million.
Net operating expenses, which include cost of sales, expensed research and development costs, and selling, general and administrative costs, totaled \$198.2 million in 2020, compared to \$324.0 million in 2019, a decrease of \$125.8 million, or 39%. The decrease is primarily a result of the factors mentioned above, partially offset by less costs capitalized as MultiClient investment.
Full year 2020, gross research and development ("R&D") costs decreased by \$0.5 million, or 3%, to \$17.2 million. Gross development costs capitalized increased by \$0.5 million, or 6%, compared to 2019, resulting in overall R&D net expense in 2020 being 10% lower than in 2019. The Company's R&D costs are mainly incurred to support and develop core business activities of marine seismic acquisition and imaging.
In 2020, total MultiClient amortization, As Reported, was 76% of MultiClient revenues, compared to 72% in 2019. The Company recognized accelerated amortization of \$105.2 million on projects completed in 2020.
The Company recorded impairments on the MultiClient library of \$34.9 million in 2020, compared to \$17.9 million in 2019.
Segment MultiClient amortization for 2020 decreased by \$47.6 million, or 13%, to \$296.3 million, compared to 2019. Segment MultiClient amortization as a percentage of total Segment MultiClient revenues was 77% in 2020, compared to 65% for the full year 2019.
2020 gross depreciation was \$176.2 million, a decrease of \$27.7 million, or 14%, compared to 2019. The decrease comes as a result of a generally lower investment level over recent years and impairment charges for the year 2020.
For Property and Equipment, the Company recorded impairments amounting to \$107.4 million in 2020, compared to nil for 2019. The impairment reflects lower estimated recoverable value of vessels due to vessel stacking in 2020, increased WACC and a downward adjustment to future expected cash flows.
Operating profits Reported in 2020 was a loss of \$188.0 million, compared to an operating profit of \$54.6 million in 2019.
Operating profit according to Segment Reporting, excluding impairment and other charges net, in 2020 was \$12.2 million, a decrease of \$84.2 million, or 87%, compared to an operating profit of \$96.4 million in 2019.
For the full year 2020, the share of results from associated companies amounted to a loss of \$30.0 million, compared to a loss of \$20.1 million in 2019. The loss was primarily related to impairments in the Azimuth Group, where PGS has an ownership of approximately 35%. PGS has a right, but no obligation to provide further funding of the Azimuth Group and has no guarantees outstanding.
Gross interest expense amounted to \$80.5 million in 2020, compared to \$63.6 million in 2019, an increase of \$16.9 million, or 27%, primarily as a result of fully drawing the Revolving Credit Facility in Q1 2020 and a higher average interest rate on debt in 2020, compared to 2019.
Other financial expense, net, of \$10.0 million in 2020 is primarily cost related to amendment and extension of debt agreements, partially offset by interest income and currency exchange gains, compared to other financial expense, net, of \$4.6 million in 2019.
Income tax expense, which consists of current and deferred tax expense, was \$15.1 million in 2020, compared to \$34.1 million in 2019. The 2020 current tax expense was \$15.1 million, down from \$34.8 million in 2019. Current tax expense relates primarily to foreign withholding tax and corporate tax on activities in South America, Africa and Middle East.
PGS is subject to taxation in many jurisdictions around the world with increasingly complex tax laws. PGS has identified issues in several jurisdictions that could eventually make the Company liable to pay taxes relating to prior years in excess of the liability recognized in financial statements. Reference is made to Note 12 and 23 of this annual report for a description of significant tax contingencies.
Loss to equity holders of PGS ASA was \$321.5 million in 2020, compared to a loss of \$71.7 million in 2019.
Net cash provided by operating activities totaled \$366.5 million in 2020, compared to \$474.3 million in 2019. The reduction is primarily driven by lower earnings, partially offset by working capital changes.
Cash and cash equivalents totaled \$156.7 million as of December 31, 2020, compared to \$40.6 million as of December 31, 2019. In Q1 2020 PGS fully drew the Revolving Credit Facility to hold everything in cash. The liquidity reserve, cash and cash equivalents including the Revolving Credit Facility ("RCF"), was \$156.7 million as of December 31, 2020, compared to \$210.6 million as of December 31, 2019.
Restricted cash of \$76.6 million includes \$47.5 million held in debt service reserve and retention accounts related to the export credit financing ("ECF") of Ramform Titan, Ramform Atlas, Ramform Tethys and Ramform Hyperion, compared to \$40.6 million in 2019. The increase in restricted cash is mainly due to the legal deposit in Brazil of \$17.7 million to challenge a CIDE (service) tax dispute. Since the Company considers it more likely than not that these contingencies will be resolved in its favor,
no provision has been made for any portion of the exposure.
Reference is made to the description of rescheduling of debt below. As of December 31, 2020, all interest-bearing debt, excluding lease liabilities, was classified as current pending completion of final agreements on debt rescheduling. On February 9, 2021, the rescheduling agreements became effective.
At December 31, 2020, the Company had approximately 50% of its net debt (excluding lease liabilities) at fixed interest rates. The weighted average cash interest rate was approximately 6.16%, including credit margins paid on the debt as of December 31, 2020, compared to 4.82% as of December 31, 2019. The higher cash interest rate is a result of increased credit margins on debt refinanced in Q1 2020 and the Company's decision to fully draw the RCF in Q1 2020 and hold the liquidity reserve in cash.
The RCF is subject to a Minimum Consolidated Liquidity and a Maximum Total Net Leverage covenant. The liquidity covenant requires that the consolidated unrestricted cash and cash equivalents and the undrawn and unused Revolving Commitments shall not be less than \$75 million or 5% of net interest-bearing debt. The Maximum Total Net Leverage covenant establishes a maximum total net leverage ratio of 2.75:1.0 for the duration of the RCF, but this covenant is suspended for December 31, 2020. On December 31, 2020 the Total Net Leverage was 2.82:1. The debt covenants changed when agreements to reschedule debt were made effective February 9, 2021. Further details described in next section.
Due to the dramatic negative market change caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, PGS renegotiated its main credit agreements to extend near-term debt maturities and amortization profiles to preserve liquidity. On February 2, 2021 a UK Scheme of Arrangement (the "Scheme") was sanctioned by an English court allowing the implementation of the financing transaction with main terms as listed below (the "Transaction"). The Scheme had support of lenders to the RCF/TLB facilities representing 95.3% by value of debt and 99.5% by number of creditors voting. The Transaction closed with effect February 9, 2021.
43 // PGS Annual Report 2020
With the Transaction PGS extended its current near-term maturity and amortization profile under its RCF/TLB and ECF facilities by approximately two years. Together with the cost saving initiatives previously announced, the Transaction strengthens PGS's liquidity profile in the currently challenging operating environment.
The main terms of the Transaction include:
minimum liquidity covenant will continue to be \$75 million with an extra reporting obligation if cash and cash equivalent falls below \$115 million. There are customary cure periods and provisions.
In 2020, total MultiClient cash investment, excluding capitalized interest, amounted to \$222.3 million, compared to \$244.8 million in 2019, a decrease of \$22.5 million, or 9%. The decrease is primarily due to less 3D vessel capacity allocated to MultiClient.
Capital expenditures, whether paid or not, totaled \$36.1 million in 2020, compared to \$59.1 million in 2019, a decrease of \$23.0 million, or 39%. The decrease is primarily a result of measures taken to reduce capital expenditures in a weaker seismic market.
The Company is exposed to market risks such as interest rate risk, currency exchange risk, credit risk, liquidity risk and commodity price risk, as discussed below. The Company's risk management policies are approved by the Board of Directors. The treasury function reports regularly to Company management and any breach of limits set in the policy are reported to the Board of Directors.
PGS has a mixture of fixed and floating interest rate debt combined with financial instruments, such as interest rate swaps, to manage the impact of interest rate fluctuations.
As of December 31, 2020, the debt structure of PGS included \$689.4 million of floating interest rate debt, with interest rates based on up to sixmonth LIBOR rates, plus a margin. \$225.0 million of this floating interest debt is swapped into fixed interest by use of interest rate swaps. Fixed interest rate debt amounted to \$256.5 million. Taking the interest rate swaps into account, \$689.4 million of the Company's debt is exposed to floating interest rates while \$481.5 million have fixed interest rates. For every (hypothetical) one percentage point increase in LIBOR, the annual net interest expense of the PGS' net debt, including finance leases, would increase (with some delay) by approximately \$4.9 million.
PGS conducts business primarily in US dollars ("\$" or "USD"), but also in several other currencies, including British pounds ("GBP"), Norwegian kroner ("NOK"), Brazilian real ("BRL"), euro ("EUR"), and occasionally currencies like Egyptian Pounds ("EGP") and Nigerian Naira ("NGN"). PGS is subject to foreign currency exchange rate risk on cash flows related to sales, expenses, financing, and investment transactions in currencies other than the US dollar.
PGS predominantly sells products and services in US dollars, and to a limited extent in other currencies. In addition to USD, a significant proportion of PGS' operating expenses are incurred in NOK and GBP. Less substantial amounts are incurred in various other currencies. Thus, regarding expenses and revenues in currencies other than US dollars, such expenses will typically exceed revenues.
A stronger US dollar reduces PGS' operating expenses as reported in US dollars. It is estimated that a 10% change of the US dollar against the two most significant non-USD currencies, NOK and GBP, would have an annual impact on gross cash cost of \$10-12 million, and \$5-6 million before currency hedging.
As of December 31, 2020, PGS had no open forward contracts. The total nominal amount as of December 31, 2019 was \$107.7 million. Of the total nominal amounts of forward exchange contracts, \$24.0 million were accounted for as cash flow hedges as of December 31, 2019. Outstanding contracts at year-end 2019 had a net positive fair value of \$0.9 million.
All interest-bearing debts are denominated in US dollars.
PGS' accounts receivable is primarily from multinational, integrated oil companies and independent oil and natural gas companies, including companies that are owned in whole or in part by governments. PGS manages the exposure to credit risk through ongoing credit evaluations of customers. Due to the nature of PGS' customer base, a low level of losses on accounts receivable has been incurred over the years. Due to the current market circumstances, where requests for extended credit terms may be more frequent, PGS has implemented additional processes to monitor and follow up on credit risk.
PGS has a structured approach to monitor the credit risk of the Company's banking partners, including derivatives counterparties and the institutions in which cash is held on deposit.
As of December 31, 2020, PGS had cash and cash equivalents totaling \$156.7 million, compared to \$40.6 million as of December 31, 2019. In Q1 2020, PGS fully drew the Revolving Credit Facility to hold the liquidity reserve in cash. The liquidity reserve, cash and cash equivalents including the Revolving Credit Facility ("RCF"), was \$156.7 million as of December 31, 2020, compared to \$210.6 million as of December 31, 2019.
Based on available liquidity resources and the structure and terms of the Company's debt after implementation of the debt rescheduling (see more details in the section "Cash Flow, Financial Position and Financing"), it is the Board's opinion that PGS has sufficient funding and liquidity to support the Company's operations and investment programs. Based on its forecasts, the Company expects to comply with the financial maintenance covenants and to be able to address maturities when they resume in the second half of 2022 through cash flow and/or refinancing.
However, even with the debt rescheduling, the Company remains highly leveraged and may become financially challenged should it not comply with the applicable financial maintenance covenants or ultimately fail to generate sufficient cash flow and/or refinance to address the amended amortization and maturity profiles. The Company expects to comply with financial covenants based on its forecasts, but in the event that it cannot, the Company believes it would have several viable alternatives such as negotiating further extensions with its lenders. Consequently, the Board does not consider there to be a material uncertainty related to Going Concern, and as such the Going Concern assumption to be appropriate.
Operation of seismic vessels requires substantial fuel purchases, thus PGS is exposed to fuel price fluctuations. Based on the Company's fuel consumption in 2020, a 10% increase in fuel prices would increase the total annual fuel costs by approximately \$5 million. The Company seeks to pass fuel price risk to customers on a majority of contract work.
Demand for the Company's products and services depend on the level of spending by energy companies on hydrocarbon-resource exploration, field development, and production. Spending levels are heavily influenced by oil and gas prices and energy companies' focus areas. The covid-19 pandemic caused a major disruption in the oil market and a significant short-term reduction of the oil price. Energy companies responded by cutting their investment plans to protect cash flow, which had an immediate negative effect on seismic spending and PGS ability to generate revenues.
In addition to the risk of less demand for PGS' services or for data from the MultiClient data library, the Company is subject to a large number of other risk factors including, but not limited to increased competition, the attractiveness of technology, changes in governmental regulations affecting the markets, technical downtime, licenses and permits, and operational hazards such as weather conditions.
Contracts for services are occasionally modified by mutual consent and in certain instances may be cancelled by customers on short notice without compensation. Consequently, the order book as of any particular date may not be indicative of actual operating results for any succeeding period.
As of December 31, 2020 PGS had 387 206 996 shares issued and outstanding, all of which are of the same class and carry equal voting and dividend rights. Each share has a par value of NOK 3.
PGS' ordinary shares are listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange (ticker: PGS) and denominated in Norwegian kroner. The PGS share continues to be traded as an American Depositary Share ("ADS") over the counter in the US (ticker: PGSVY). Quotes are denominated in US dollars and each ADS represents one share.
As of December 31, 2020, the Company held 1,739 treasury shares.
PGS has issued a NOK 116.2 million 3-year 5% unsecured convertible bond, which can be converted into new PGS shares at NOK 3 per share, corresponding to 38 720 699 shares, equalling 10% of the currently outstanding PGS shares. PGS will be able to require that bondholders convert the CB into shares if the PGS share price exceeds NOK 6 for 30 consecutive trading days.
Due to the Company's financial situation a dividend will not be proposed for 2020.
Health, safety and reliability are at the core of PGS' business. The Company works hard to ensure that employees return home safe and well every day.
The global Covid-19 pandemic represented a significant challenge for PGS in 2020. Despite local restrictions and lockdowns, the onshore organization was able to sustain business continuity by working remotely for extended periods of time. For the periods where offices could be held open with full or restricted manning, strict measures were put in place to ensure a safe working environment for our employees.
The offshore operations were affected by global travel and entry restrictions. Through careful planning all planned crew changes were executed and operations were sustained with only minor occasional disruptions. To ensure the health and safety of offshore personnel, strict protocols for quarantine, testing and precautionary measures on the vessels were put in place. During 2020 there were zero positive Covid-19 cases in our fleet during seismic production.
The PGS organization (core fleet vessels and PGS offices) had the following number of health and safety incidents in 2020:
| Incident | 2020 | 2019 |
|---|---|---|
| Fatalities | 0 | 0 |
| Lost time injuries | 3 | 3 |
| Restricted work day cases | 0 | 0 |
| Medical treatment cases | 0 | 2 |
| High potential incidents | 2 | 2 |
The Company's activity level (core fleet vessels and PGS offices) in 2020 was significantly lower than that of 2019, with 4 595 282 man-hours in 2020, compared to 5 783 139 man-hours in 2019. The decrease in man-hours was due to the reduction of activity caused by the Covid-19 pandemic.
| Incident frequencies | 2019 | 2019 |
|---|---|---|
| Lost Time Injury Frequency ("LTIF") | 0.65 | 0.52 |
| Total Recordable Case Frequency ("TRCF") | 0.65 | 0.86 |
PGS experienced three lost time injuries in 2020 and the number of total recordable cases in relation to man hours was lower in 2020 than in 2019.
The Company has performed thorough investigations succeeding these lost time incidents and followed up with specific actions to prevent reoccurrence. As a further response to these incidents, the company implemented safety stand-downs, a hazard hunt initiative and safety campaigns.
In 2020, PGS implemented the IOGP Life-Saving Rules, which replaced the previous "PGS Key Safety Risks". These nine rules describe actions that employees can take to protect themselves and their colleagues from serious injury and fatalities. The adoption of the IOGP Life Saving Rules is part of the Company's effort to streamline our safety management system and align with the safety management practices used by our clients and the wider offshore industry.
PGS continues its efforts to reduce the environmental impact of its activities. With respect to climate change, PGS is committed to reducing CO2 emissions from its vessel operations and general business activity. Over the past decade, PGS has reduced its CO2 emissions per data unit by 30% as a result of developments in seismic acquisition technology, vessel technology, drag optimization and efficiency improvements. The Company has set a target to reach 50% by 2030. Ongoing digitalization efforts will be key to achieve further reductions. In 2020, PGS developed realtime energy efficiency monitoring for the entire fleet that enables benchmarking across the fleet and optimization in any mode of operation.
During 2020, PGS approached its management of Environment, Social and Governmental (ESG) issues in a systematic and comprehensive way through the work of a dedicated ESG working group. The most prominent development has been to renew the materiality assessment and identify the key indicators, which are of highest concern to our stakeholders and highest impact on PGS value creation.
More information regarding PGS environmental initiatives can be found in PGS ESG Report 2020, available on www.pgs.com (follow the links: "Responsibility" – "Responsible Business").
PGS had 862 and 1 248 regular active employees as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The reduction of more than 30% is a result of a comprehensive reorganization of the Company to reduce cost in a challenging seismic market caused by the Covid-19 pandemic.
As of December 31, 2020, PGS employees represented 50 nationalities; 30% of the officebased employees are women (2% of offshore employees are women). Among staff working in Norway, 34% are women. The Board of Directors has three male and two female shareholder elected directors and one male and two female employee-elected directors.
At the headquarters in Oslo, 28% of management positions are held by women, and 3% of women working for the Norwegian organization of PGS work part-time. PGS consciously strives to improve the gender diversity of staff through reporting and actively encouraging development and promotion of women to management roles. The primary development processes are the Performance Management and Potential Assessment systems.
Being a global company, PGS has long-standing practice of embracing cultural diversity, and cultural sensitivity training is offered to employees.
The average monthly salary of all active regular employees as of December 2020 was \$8 396 (\$7 265 for female employees and \$8 675 for male employees) based on February 1, 2021 exchange rates.
As of December 31, 2020, the Board of Directors has the following members: Walter Qvam (Chairperson), Anne Grethe Dalane, Trond Brandsrud, Richard Herbert, Marianne Kah, Anette Valbø, Hege Renshus and Grunde Rønholt. The latter three are employee elected Board members.
The Board has established two sub-committees: an Audit Committee, comprising Anne Grethe Dalane (Chairperson), Richard Herbert, Marianne Kah, Anette Valbø and Hege Renshus, and the Remuneration and Corporate Governance Committee, consisting of Walter Qvam (Chairperson), Trond Brandsrud and Grunde Rønholt. The committees predominantly act as preparatory bodies for the Board of Directors and assist the Directors in exercising their responsibilities.
PGS also has a Nomination Committee elected by the shareholders. As of December 31, 2020, this committee consists of Harald Norvik (Chairperson), Terje Valebjørg, Alexandra Herger and Ole Jacob Hundstad.
PGS' corporate governance principles are adopted by the Board of Directors. The Board periodically reviews these principles. Statements of the corporate governance structure are described in more detail in the corporate governance section of this annual report. The Company's articles of association, in addition to full versions of the rules of procedures for the Board of Directors, the Audit Committee charter, the Remuneration and Corporate Governance Committee charter, the Nomination Committee charter, and PGS' Code of Conduct are available on the Company's website www.pgs.com (follow the links: "About us" – "Corporate Governance").
Since 2004, PGS has maintained a compliance hotline operated by an external service provider in order to facilitate reporting of any concerns regarding inappropriate business conduct. The Company encourages use of the hotline by anyone who has concerns relating to compliance with laws and regulations, breaches of the code of conduct, fair treatment, or any other matter. Concerns can also be raised directly with the General Counsel or any Board member.
Corporate responsibility reports were published in combination with annual reports for 2011, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 2018 and 2019, and will be published on or about the date of issuance of the 2020 annual report as well. The Company has
signed up to the UN Global Compact and going forward, progress of corporate responsibility activities will be reported in accordance with the 10 principles of UN Global Compact and published on the Company web site.
By conducting a materiality assessment PGS has identified its priorities on sustainability, and concluded to focus on five of the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals ("SDGs"), which are number, 4-Quality Education, 9-Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, 13-Climate Action, 14-Life Below Water and 16-Peace Justice and Strong Institutions. More information regarding what PGS does and how it is done can be found in PGS' ESG report for 2020, to become available on www.pgs.com (follow the links: "Responsibility" – "Responsible Business").
The oil price has recovered from the low levels triggered by the Covid-19 pandemic, and now the oil price is trading in excess of \$60 per barrel. With an oil price above \$50 per barrel, energy companies on average generate positive cash flow from their oil and gas activities.
In the seismic market, both order books and leads and bids for contract work have increased, and several of the projects withdrawn from the market last year are now awarded for 2021 or back for tender.
The Board expects the improved oil price, a likely global recovery from the Covid-19 pandemic, and the effects of deferred projects from last year to support a gradual increase of demand for seismic services in 2021. Despite the impacts of the Covid-19 crisis, energy consumption is expected to continue to increase longer term with oil and gas being an important part of the energy mix as the global energy transition evolves. Offshore reserves will be vital for future supply and support demand for marine seismic services. The recovery of the seismic industry is also likely to benefit from the recent industry capacity reductions.
The Board emphasizes that valuations in the financial statements and forward-looking statements contained in this report are based on various assumptions made by management, depend on factors beyond its control, and are subject to risks and uncertainties. Accordingly, actual results may differ materially.
Pursuant to section 3-3a of the Norwegian Accounting Act, the Board confirms that the 2020 financial statements have been prepared based on the assumption of a going concern and that it believes that this assumption is appropriate.
The Board proposes that the net loss for 2020 of NOK 3,054,900,000 is transferred from other equity. Total shareholders' equity in PGS ASA as of December 31, 2020 was NOK 2 273 800 000 corresponding to 20% of total assets.
The financial statements of the parent company, PGS ASA, are prepared and presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in Norway ("NGAAP"). PGS ASA reported a net loss of NOK 3 054.9 million for 2020, compared to a net loss of NOK 19.5 million in 2019. PGS ASA is a holding company with no material operating activities.
Walter Qvam Chairperson | Anne Grethe Dalane | Marianne Kah | Richard Herbert | Trond Brandsrud Anette Valbø | Hege Renshus | Grunde Rønholt | Rune Olav Pedersen Chief Executive Officer
Today, the Board of Directors and the Chief Executive Officer reviewed and approved the Board of Directors' report and the consolidated and separate annual financial statements for PGS ASA, for the year ending and as of December 31, 2020.
PGS ASA's consolidated financial statements have been prepared and presented in accordance with IFRSs and IFRICs as adopted by the EU and additional disclosure requirements in the Norwegian Accounting Act, and that should be used as of December 31, 2020. The separate financial statements for PGS ASA have been prepared in accordance with the Norwegian Accounting Act and Norwegian accounting standards as of December 31, 2020. The Board of Directors report for the group and the parent company is in accordance with the requirements of the Norwegian Accounting Act and Norwegian accounting standard 16, as of December 31, 2020.
To the best of our knowledge:
Walter Qvam Chairperson | Anne Grethe Dalane | Marianne Kah | Richard Herbert | Trond Brandsrud Anette Valbø | Hege Renshus | Grunde Rønholt | Rune Olav Pedersen Chief Executive Officer
Collaboration & Connectivity for the future of seismic

As required by the European Securities and Markets Authority ("ESMA") guidelines, the Company has defined and explained the purpose of its Alternative Performance Measures ("APMs") in the paragraphs below.
Segment EBITDA, when used by the Company, means Segment EBIT excluding other charges, impairments and loss on sale of non-current assets and depreciation and amortization. Segment EBITDA may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures from other companies. The Company has included EBITDA as a supplemental disclosure because PGS believes that the measure provides useful information regarding the Company's ability to service debt and to fund capital expenditures and provides a helpful measure for comparing its operating performance with that of other companies.
PGS believes that Segment EBIT, excluding impairments and other charges, is a useful measure in that the measures provide an indication of the profitability of the Company's operating activities for the period without regard to significant events and/or decisions in the period that are expected to occur less frequently.
The MultiClient pre-funding level is calculated by dividing the MultiClient pre-funding revenues, as per segment reporting, by the cash investment in MultiClient library, as reported in the Statements of Cash Flows. PGS believes that the MultiClient pre-funding percentage is a useful measure in that it provides some indication of the extent to which the Company's financial risk is reduced on new MultiClient investments.
Net interest-bearing debt is defined as the sum of noncurrent and current interest-bearing debt, less cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash. PGS believes that Net Interest-Bearing Debt ("NIBD") is a useful measure because it provides an indication of the hypothetical minimum necessary debt financing to which the Company is subject at balance sheet date. The Company present NIBD including and excluding lease liabilities.
Liquidity reserve is defined as the sum of cash and cash equivalents and the un-drawn part of the Revolving Credit Facility. Management believes that liquidity reserve is a useful measure because it provides an indication of the amount of funds readily available to the Company in the very short term at balance sheet date.
Following the implementation of the accounting standard for revenues, IFRS 15, MultiClient pre-funding revenues are no longer recognized under the previously applied percentage of completion method. Instead, such revenues are generally recognized at delivery of the final processed data, which is typically significantly later than the acquisition of the seismic data.
PGS has, for the purpose of its internal reporting, continued to report according to the principle applied in 2017 and earlier years, where MultiClient pre-funding revenue is recognized on a percentage of completion basis, and the related amortization of MultiClient library based upon the ratio of aggregate capitalized survey costs to forecasted sales.
Gross cash costs are defined as the sum of reported net operating expenses (excluding depreciation, amortization, impairments, deferred steaming, net and other charges, net) and the cash operating costs capitalized as investments in the MultiClient library as well as capitalized development costs. PGS believes that the gross cash costs figure is a useful measure because it provides an indication of the level of cash costs incurred by the Company irrespective of the extent to which the fleet is working on MultiClient projects or the extent to which its R&D expenditures qualify for capitalization.
Net operating expenses are defined as gross cash costs (as per above) less capitalized investments in the MultiClient library and capitalized development costs. PGS believes this figure is a useful measure because it provides an indication of the level of net cash costs incurred by the Company in running current period commercial activities that are not devoted to investment.
Order book is defined as the aggregate estimated value of future Segment Revenues on signed customer contracts, letters of award or where all major contract terms are agreed. For long term contracted service agreements, the order book includes estimated revenues for the nearest 12- month period. PGS believes that the Order book figure is a useful measure in that it provides an indication of the amount of customer backlog and committed activity in the coming periods.
Capital expenditures means investments in property and equipment irrespective of whether paid in the period, but excluding capitalized interest cost.
| Segment Reporting, Total Revenues and Other Income by service type is reconciled as follows: | Year ended December 31, | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 | |
| Contract seismic | 146.7 | 318.8 | |
| MultiClient pre-funding | 134.7 | 307.2 | |
| MultiClient late sales | 167.3 | 273.1 | |
| Imaging | 23.6 | 29.1 | |
| Other Income | 39.7 | 2.6 | |
| Total Revenues and Other Income as reported | 512.0 | 930.8 | |
| Segment MultiClient revenue for projects not yet delivered | 224.8 | 138.3 | |
| Segment MultiClient revenue from previous years, projects delivered | (140.9) | (189.0) | |
| Segment Total Revenues and Other Income | 595.9 | 880.1 |
| Segment EBITDA ex. other charges, net is reconciled as follows: | Year ended December 31, | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 | |
| Operating profit (loss) as reported | (188.0) | 54.6 | |
| Segment adjustment to revenues as reported | 83.9 | (50.7) | |
| Other charges, net | 38.7 | (1.0) | |
| Amortization and impairment of MultiClient library | 265.5 | 437.4 | |
| Depreciation and amortization of non-current assets (excl. MultiClient library) | 89.2 | 115.8 | |
| Impairment and loss on sale of non-current assets (excl. MultiClient library) | 108.4 | - | |
| Segment EBITDA ex other charges, net | 397.7 | 556.1 |
| Segment EBIT ex. impairment and other charges, net is reconciled as follows: | Year ended December 31, | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 | |
| Operating profit (loss) as reported | (188.0) | 54.6 | |
| Segment adjustment to revenues reported | 83.9 | (50.7) | |
| Other charges, net | 38.7 | (1.0) | |
| Segment adjustment to amortization as reported | (65.7) | 75.6 | |
| Impairment of MultiClient library | 34.9 | 17.9 | |
| Impairment and loss on sale of non-current assets (excl. MultiClient library) | 108.4 | - | |
| EBIT ex. impairment and other charges, net | 12.2 | 96.4 |
| Net interest bearing debt is reconciled as follows: | December 31, | |
|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 |
| Cash and cash equivalents | 156.7 | 40.6 |
| Restricted cash (current and non-current) | 76.6 | 43.0 |
| Current debt and current portion of non-current debt | (1 150.4) | (443.2) |
| Non-current debt | - | (641.2) |
| Adjustment for deferred loan costs | (20.5) | (6.7) |
| Net interest bearing debt, excluding lease liabilities | (937.6) | (1 007.5) |
| Lease liabilities current | (40.1) | (46.1) |
| Lease liabilities non-current | (118.5) | (151.0) |
| Net interest bearing debt, including lease liabilities | (1 096.2) | (1 204.6) |
| Total capital expenditures, whether paid or not is reconciled as follows: | Year ended December 31, | |
|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 |
| Seismic equipment | 13.8 | 20.3 |
| Vessel upgrades/yard | 12.5 | 29.2 |
| Compute infrastructure/ technology | 8.7 | 6.3 |
| Other | 1.1 | 3.3 |
| Total capital expenditures, whether paid or not | 36.1 | 59.1 |
| Change in working capital and capital leases | (3.3) | 2.9 |
| Investment in property and equipment | 32.8 | 62.0 |
| Cash cost, gross and Net operating expenses are reconciled as follows: | Year ended December 31, | |
|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 |
| Cost of sales before investment in MultiClient library | (369.8) | (510.3) |
| Research and development costs before capitalized development costs | (17.2) | (17.7) |
| Sellling, general and administrative costs | (39.2) | (51.8) |
| Cash costs, gross | (426.2) | (579.8) |
| Steaming deferral, net | (2.8) | 3.0 |
| Cash investment in MultiClient library | 222.3 | 244.8 |
| Capitalized development costs | 8.5 | 8.0 |
| Net operating expenses | (198.2) | (324.0) |
| Consolidated Statements of Profit and Loss | 57 |
|---|---|
| Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income | 58 |
| Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity | 58 |
| Consolidated Statements of Financial Position | 59 |
| Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows | 60 |
| 104 | |
|---|---|
| 105 | |
| 106 | |
| Note 1 | General Information about the Company | |
|---|---|---|
| and Basis of Presentation | 61 | |
| Note 2 | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 61 |
| Note 3 | Critical Accounting Judgments, Estimates and Assumptions 66 | |
| Note 4 | Segment Reporting | 68 |
| Note 5 | Revenue from Contracts with Customers | 69 |
| Note 6 | Other Income | 71 |
| Note 7 | Cost of Sales | 71 |
| Note 8 | Depreciation, Amortization and Impairments | |
| of Non-current Assets | 71 | |
| Note 9 | Other Charges, Net | 72 |
| Note 10 | Interest Expense | 72 |
| Note 11 | Other Financial Expense, Net | 72 |
| Note 12 | Income Taxes | 72 |
| Note 13 | Earnings Per Share Information | 74 |
| Note 14 | Restricted Cash | 74 |
| Note 15 | Accrued Revenues and Other Receivables | 75 |
| Note 16 | Other Current Assets | 75 |
| Note 17 | Property and Equipment | 75 |
| Note 18 | MultiClient Library | 77 |
| Note 19 | Other Non-Current Assets | 77 |
| Note 20 | Other Intangible Assets | 79 |
| Note 21 | Debt and Guarantees | 79 |
| Note 23 | Leases, Contingent Liabilities and Provisions | 87 |
| Note 24 | Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities | 89 |
| Note 25 | Other Non-Current Liabilities | 89 |
| Note 26 | Pension Obligations | 89 |
| Note 27 | Shareholder Information | 91 |
| Note 28 | Related Party Transactions | 93 |
| Note 29 | Share Based Payment Programs | 93 |
| Note 30 | Salaries and Other Personnel Costs, Number of Employees, | |
| and Remuneration to the Board of Directors, | ||
| Executive Officers and Auditors | 95 | |
| Note 31 | Subsidiaries | 101 |
| Note 32 | Subsequent Events | 102 |
| Note 1 | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 107 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Note 2 | Intercompany Transactions | 107 | ||
| Note 3 | Interest Expense, Net | 108 | ||
| Note 4 | Other Financial Items, Net | 108 | ||
| Note 5 | Income Taxes | 109 | ||
| Note 6 | Shares in Subsidiaries and Intercompany Receivables | 109 | ||
| Note 7 | Restricted Cash | 110 | ||
| Note 8 | Shareholders' Equity | 110 | ||
| Note 9 | Debt and Guarantees | 111 | ||
| Note 10 | Financial Instruments | 111 | ||
| Note 11 | Other Non-Current Liabilities | 112 | ||
| Note 12 | Pension Obligations | 112 | ||
| Note 13 | Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities | 113 | ||
| Note 14 | Salaries and Other Personnel Costs, Number of Employees, | |||
| and Remuneration to the Board of Directors, | ||||
| Executive Officers and Auditors | 113 | |||
| Note 15 | Subsequent Events | 114 |
Collaboration & Connectivity for the future of seismic

| Year ended December 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | Note | 2020 | 2019 |
| Revenues | 5 | 473.2 | 930.8 |
| Other income | 6 | 38.8 | - |
| Total revenues and other income | 512.0 | 930.8 | |
| Cost of sales | 7 | (150.3) | (262.5) |
| Research and development costs | (8.7) | (9.7) | |
| Selling, general and administrative costs | (39.2) | (51.8) | |
| Amortization and impairment of MultiClient library | 8 | (265.5) | (437.4) |
| Depreciation and amortization of non-current assets (excl. MultiClient Library) | 8 | (89.2) | (115.8) |
| Impairment and loss on sale of non-current assets (excl. MultiClient library) | 17 | (108.4) | - |
| Other charges, net | 9 | (38.7) | 1.0 |
| Total operating expenses | (700.0) | (876.2) | |
| Operating profit (loss)/EBIT | (188.0) | 54.6 | |
| Share of results from associated companies | 19 | (30.0) | (20.1) |
| Interest expense | 10 | (78.4) | (67.5) |
| Other financial expense, net | 11 | (10.0) | (4.6) |
| Income (loss) before income tax expense | (306.4) | (37.6) | |
| Income tax | 12 | (15.1) | (34.1) |
| Profit (loss) for the year | (321.5) | (71.7) | |
| Earnings (loss) per share, to ordinary equity holders of PGS ASA: | 13 | ||
| - Basic | (\$0.85) | (\$0.21) | |
| - Diluted | (\$0.85) | (\$0.21) |
| Year ended December 31, | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | Note | 2020 | 2019 | |
| Profit (loss) for the year | (321.5) | (71.7) | ||
| Other comprehensive income | ||||
| Actuarial gains (losses) on defined benefit pension plans | 26 | (7.6) | (8.1) | |
| Items that will not be reclassified to statements of profit and loss | (7.6) | (8.1) | ||
| Cash flow hedges | (3.9) | 2.2 | ||
| Other comprehensive income (loss) from associated companies | - | - | ||
| Items that may be subsequently reclassified to statements of profit and loss | (3.9) | 2.2 | ||
| Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | (11.5) | (5.9) | ||
| Total comprehensive income (loss) to equity holders of PGS ASA | (333.0) | (77.6) |
| Attributable to equity holders of PGS ASA | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | Share capital par value |
Additional paid-in capital |
Accumulated earnings |
Other capital reserves |
Shareholders' equity |
| Balance as of January 1, 2019 | 138.5 | 850.1 | (266.7) | (9.6) | 712.3 |
| Profit (loss) for the period | - | - | (71.7) | - | (71.7) |
| Other comprehensive income (loss) | - | - | (8.1) | 2.2 | (5.9) |
| Share based payments | - | 3.4 | - | - | 3.4 |
| Share based payments, cash settled | - | (1.0) | - | - | (1.0) |
| Balance as of December 31, 2019 | 138.5 | 852.5 | (346.5) | (7.4) | 637.1 |
| Profit (loss) for the period | - | - | (321.5) | - | (321.5) |
| Other comprehensive income (loss) | - | - | (7.6) | (3.9) | (11.5) |
| Share issue (a) | 15.7 | 73.7 | - | - | 89.4 |
| Share based payments | - | 3.1 | - | - | 3.1 |
| Share based payments, cash settled | - | (0.2) | - | - | (0.2) |
| Balance as of December 31, 2020 | 154.2 | 929.1 | (675.6) | (11.3) | 396.4 |
(a) In Q1 2020, the Company issued 48, 627, 000 new shares following a private placement raising approximately NOK 850 million as equity. Transaction costs amounting to \$2.4 million are recognized against "Additional paid-in capital".
| December 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | Note | 2020 | 2019 |
| ASSETS | |||
| Current assets | |||
| Cash and cash equivalents | 22 | 156.7 | 40.6 |
| Restricted cash | 14 | 15.8 | 4.2 |
| Accounts receivables | 5, 22 | 100.6 | 191.1 |
| Accrued revenues and other receivables | 5, 15 | 57.3 | 118.5 |
| Other current assets | 16 | 79.2 | 71.7 |
| Total current assets | 409.6 | 426.1 | |
| Non-current assets | |||
| Property and equipment | 17 | 898.0 | 1 132.4 |
| MultiClient library | 18 | 616.1 | 558.6 |
| Restricted cash | 14 | 60.8 | 38.8 |
| Other non-current assets | 19 | 16.2 | 44.6 |
| Other intangible assets | 20 | 93.1 | 101.2 |
| Total non-current assets | 1 684.2 | 1 875.6 | |
| Total assets | 2 093.8 | 2 301.7 | |
| LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY Current liabilities |
|||
| Interest bearing debt | 21, 22 | 1 150.4 | 443.2 |
| Lease liabilities | 21, 22 | 40.1 | 46.1 |
| Accounts payable | 22 | 31.2 | 56.1 |
| Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | 24 | 95.5 | 128.2 |
| Deferred revenues | 5 | 188.6 | 123.9 |
| Income taxes payable | 12 | 13.7 | 24.6 |
| Total current liabilities | 1 519.5 | 822.1 | |
| Non-current liabilities | |||
| Interest bearing debt | 21, 22 | - | 641.2 |
| Lease liabilities | 21, 22 | 118.5 | 151.0 0.1 |
| Deferred tax liabilities Other non-current Liabilities |
12 25 |
0.1 59.3 |
50.2 |
| Total non-current liabilities | 177.9 | 842.5 | |
| Shareholders' equity | |||
| Share capital; par value NOK 3; issued and outstanding 387,206,996 shares | 27 | 154.2 | 138.5 |
| Additional paid-in capital | 27 | 929.1 | 852.5 |
| Total paid-in capital | 1 083.3 | 991.0 | |
| Accumulated earnings | (675.6) | (346.5) | |
| Other capital reserves | (11.3) | (7.4) | |
| Total shareholders' equity | 396.4 | 637.1 | |
| Total liabilities and shareholders' equity | 2 093.8 | 2 301.7 | |
Walter Qvam Chairperson | Anne Grethe Dalane | Marianne Kah | Richard Herbert | Trond Brandsrud Anette Valbø | Hege Renshus | Grunde Rønholt | Rune Olav Pedersen Chief Executive Officer
| Year ended December 31, | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | Note | 2020 | 2019 | |
| Income (loss) before income tax expense (a) | (306.4) | (71.7) | ||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | ||||
| Depreciation, amortization, impairment | 8 | 463.1 | 553.2 | |
| Share of results in associated companies | 19 | 30.0 | 20.1 | |
| Interest expense | 10 | 78.4 | 67.5 | |
| Loss (gain) on sale and retirement of assets | - | (1.5) | ||
| Income taxes paid | 12 | (26.8) | (37.2) | |
| Other items | 2.3 | 1.3 | ||
| (Increase) decrease in accounts receivables, accrued revenues & other receivables | 127.6 | (63.7) | ||
| Increase (decrease) in deferred revenues | 5 | 64.8 | (36.7) | |
| Increase (decrease) in accounts payable | (23.1) | (2.8) | ||
| Change in other current items related to operating activities | (47.2) | 33.1 | ||
| Change in other non-current items related to operating activities | 3.8 | 12.7 | ||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | 366.5 | 474.3 | ||
| Investment in MultiClient library | 18 | (222.1) | (244.8) | |
| Investment in property and equipment | 17 | (32.8) | (62.0) | |
| Investment in other intangible assets | 20 | (8.6) | (15.4) | |
| Investment in other current -and non-current assets assets | - | (0.5) | ||
| Proceeds from sale and disposal of assets | 17 | 26.6 | 70.2 | |
| Decrease (increase) in non-current restricted cash | (17.7) | |||
| Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | (254.6) | (252.5) | ||
| Proceeds, net of deferred loan costs, from issuance of non-current debt | 21 | 124.2 | - | |
| Interest paid on interest bearing debt | (73.7) | (60.9) | ||
| Repayment of interest bearing debt | 21 | (240.3) | (51.2) | |
| Net change of drawing on the Revolving Credit Facility | 21 | 170.0 | (85.0) | |
| Proceeds from share issue (b) | 91.9 | |||
| Payment of lease liabilities (recognized under IFRS 16) | 21, 23 | (43.1) | (44.8) | |
| Payments of leases classified as interest | 23 | (10.7) | (13.8) | |
| Decrease (increase) in restricted cash related to debt service | (14.1) | - | ||
| Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 4.2 | (255.7) | ||
| Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 116.1 | (33.9) | ||
| Cash and cash equivalents as of January 1 | 40.6 | 74.5 | ||
| Cash and cash equivalents as of December 31 (c) | 156.7 | 40.6 |
(a) In Q1 2020 the Company changed presentation from "Net income (loss) to equity holders of PGS ASA" to "Income (loss) before income tax expense".
(b) Including transaction costs amounting to \$2.4 million and \$2.5 million gain from currency derivatives.
(c) Cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2020 includes \$ 14.4 million currently not available to the Group due to restrictions on transfer from a subsidiary. See more information in note 14.
PGS ASA is a public limited liability company established under the laws of the Kingdom of Norway in 1991. Unless stated otherwise, references herein to the "Company", the "Group" and "PGS" refer to PGS ASA and its subsidiaries.
PGS is a fully integrated marine geophysical company providing a broad range of seismic and reservoir services, including acquisition, imaging, interpretation, and field evaluation. The Company's MultiClient data library is among the largest in the seismic industry, with modern 3D coverage in all significant offshore hydrocarbon provinces of the world. The Company operates on a worldwide basis with headquarters in Oslo, Norway. The address is Lilleakerveien 4C, 0283 Oslo.
The Company prepares its consolidated financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS") as adopted by the European Union ("EU"). IFRS as adopted by the EU differs in certain respects from IFRS as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board ("IASB"). References to IFRS hereafter should be construed as references to IFRS as adopted by the EU. The consolidated financial statements are prepared using the historical cost basis, except for certain financial assets and derivative financial instruments that have been measured at fair value. The consolidated financial statements are presented in millions of US Dollars ("\$" or "dollars"), unless otherwise indicated.
The consolidated financial statements were authorized for issue by the Board of Directors on February 23, 2021.
A subsidiary is an entity (including special purpose entities) that is controlled by the Company. Control is achieved where the Company is exposed, or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity, and has the ability to affect those returns through its power, directly or indirectly, over the entity.
The consolidated financial statements include the results of the Company and all of its subsidiaries from the date that control commences to the date that control ceases.
An associated company is an entity over which the Company has significant influence, being the power to participate in the financial and operating policy decisions of the entity, but which does not amount to control or joint control.
A joint arrangement is a contractual arrangement whereby the Company undertakes an economic activity that is subject to joint control and requires the parties' unanimous consent for strategic financial and operating policy decisions. A joint arrangement is classified as joint operation if the parties have rights to the assets, and obligations for the liabilities, relating to the arrangement. If the parties in the joint arrangement have rights to the net assets of the arrangement, it is classified as a joint venture.
The consolidated financial statements include the Company's share of the post-tax results, other comprehensive income and net assets (less any impairments), of its joint ventures and associates on an equity-accounted basis from the point at which joint control or significant influence respectively commences, to the date that it ceases. Where the Company's share of losses exceeds its interest in a joint venture or associate, the carrying amount is reduced to zero and recognition of further losses is discontinued, except to the extent that the Company has incurred legal or constructive obligations or made payments on behalf of the investment.
The Company accounts for its investment in a joint operation by recognizing its relative share of the investee's assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. The Company periodically reviews its net investments to determine whether there is an indication of impairment. If such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the net investment is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment (if any).
The Company has cooperation agreements to invest in certain MultiClient data projects with other parties, which are classified as joint operations. The Company recognizes its relative share of the investment in MultiClient data and its share of revenue, amortization and costs. When the Company performs services related to acquisition, processing or marketing to the joint operation the share of expenses attributable to its partners is recognized as part of MultiClient pre-funding revenue.
Cash and cash equivalents include demand deposits and all highly liquid financial instruments purchased with original maturities of three months or less. Cash and cash equivalents that are restricted from the Company's use are presented separately in the consolidated statements of financial position and are classified as current or non-current depending on the nature of the restrictions.
The financial statements of subsidiaries and associates whose functional currency is not the US dollar are translated using the current exchange rate. Assets and liabilities are translated at the foreign exchange rate in effect at the period end; share par value and paid-in capital are translated at historical exchange rates; and revenues and expenses are translated at the average rate of exchange in effect during the period. Translation adjustments are recorded as a separate component in the consolidated statements of other comprehensive income.
Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of foreign currency transactions and from the translation of realized and unrealized monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognized in the consolidated statements of profit and loss as other financial expense, except when recognized in the consolidated statements of other comprehensive income as qualifying cash flow hedges.
Intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment. The cost of internally generated intangible assets, other than those specified below, is expensed as incurred.
Revenue from contracts with customers arise primarily from (i) performance of proprietary/exclusive seismic services in accordance with customer specifications and (ii) granting of licenses to the Company's MultiClient data library. Revenue is recognized at the amount that the Company expects to be entitled to and expects to collect under the contract. If a contract has multiple performance obligations, the transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation identified in the contract on a relative stand-alone selling price basis.
Amounts received from customers in advance of the Company satisfying its performance obligations are recorded as deferred revenue. In the event most of the consideration under the contract is received more than 12 months in advance of satisfying the related performance obligation, a financing factor is accrued and included in the value of the revenue recognized upon satisfying the performance obligation.
The Company applies the practical expedient for short-term advances received from customers. That is, the promised amount of consideration is not adjusted for the effects of a significant financing component if the period between satisfying the performance obligation and the payment is one year or less.
In the rare event the Company has satisfied a performance obligation and is otherwise entitled to compensation under the contract but there is a significant uncertainty as to ultimately collecting the compensation, revenue recognition is delayed until such uncertainty has been sufficiently reduced.
Where the Company have satisfied its performance obligations and has a right to consideration, an accrued revenue is recognized.
The principles applied for each of the main types of contracts with customers are described in more detail below.
The Company grants a license to a customer, which entitles the customer to a "right to use" a specifically defined portion of the MultiClient data library as it exists at that point in time. The Company's performance obligation is considered to be satisfied at the "point in time" when the customer has received the underlying data or has granted the access the licensed portion of the data.
The Company typically obtains funding from a limited number of customers before a seismic survey project is completed. In return for the pre-funding, the customer typically gains the ability to direct or influence the project specifications and to access data as it is being acquired.
The Company recognizes pre-funding revenue as "right to use" licenses and the revenue is to be recognized at the point in time when the Company's performance obligation is considered to be satisfied and "right to use" license is transferred to the customer. This "point in time" depends on the specific contract, but is typically upon completion of processing of the survey and granting of access to the finished data or delivery of the finished data.
The "point in time" of satisfying the performance obligation is generally the same for both MultiClient Late Sale licenses and MultiClient Prefunding licenses. Accordingly, revenue is generally recognized at this same "point in time" for each of these two types of licenses in accordance with IFRS 15.
The Company performs seismic services under contract in accordance with customer specifications. Such service contracts are considered to contain one performance obligation. This performance obligation is considered to be satisfied over time because the Company performs the service at the customer specification, the resultant data is owned by the customer and the Company has no alternative right to otherwise use or benefit from the resultant data. The Company recognizes proprietary/contract revenue over time as the services are performed and the Company is entitled to the compensation under the contract. Depending on nature of the contract progress is measured either based on square kilometers or time progressed. Progress for imaging services is measured based on a model taking into account both working hours and processing.
MultiClient licenses typically contain clauses that require the customer to pay additional fees upon specific triggering events such as customer award of acreage (uplift) and change of ownership (transfer fee). Common to such contingent revenue, is that PGS is typically not required to provide any further data or service – the data has already been delivered. Hence, there is no further performance obligation required on the part of PGS.
The contingent consideration is recognized when the triggering event has taken place.
Customer contracts for other services are similar in nature and terms to the proprietary contract sales. Revenue is recognized over time as the Company satisfies the performance obligation and is entitled to the compensation under the contract.
The MultiClient library consists of seismic data surveys which are licensed to customers on a non-exclusive basis. Costs directly incurred in acquiring, imaging and otherwise completing seismic surveys are capitalized to the
MultiClient library. Costs incurred while relocating or "steaming" a vessel or crew from one location to another and borrowing costs incurred during the acquisition and imaging phases of the survey are also capitalized to the MultiClient library.
A project remains in surveys-in-progress until imaging is complete which may be some months or up to more than a year after data acquisition ends, at which point it is transferred to completed surveys.
The Company records the costs incurred on the MultiClient library in a manner consistent with its capital investment and operating decision analysis, which generally results in each survey in the MultiClient library being recorded and evaluated separately. The cost of projects within the same political regime, with similar geological traits and that are marketed collectively are recorded and evaluated as a group by year of completion
Straight-line amortization - Upon completion of a survey, straight-line amortization commences over its estimated useful life which is generally over a period of 4 years from the date it is transferred to completed surveys.
Accelerated amortization - Following the adoption of the straight-line amortization policy for completed surveys, recognition of impairment of library may be necessary in the event that sales on a completed survey are realized disproportionately sooner within that survey's 4-year useful life.
Further, when a project is completed and after pre-funding revenue is recognized, recognition of impairment may be necessary in the event the present value of expected Late Sales is lower than the capitalized cost of the project.
This accelerated amortization is included in "Amortization and impairment of MultiClient library" in the consolidated statements of profit and loss and specified in note 8.
Impairment of MultiClient library - The Company updates its sales forecast for each survey at each year-end and when an impairment indicator is deemed to exist. In the event the net book value of survey exceeds its net present value of estimated future cash flows an impairment is recorded in the amount of the excess. This impairment is included in "Amortization and impairment of MultiClient library" in the condensed consolidated statements of profit and loss and specified in note 8.
Government Grants are recognized where there is reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and all attached conditions will be complied with. When the grant relates to an expense item, it is recognized as income on a systematic basis over the periods that the related costs, for which it is intended to compensate, are expensed.
Research costs are expensed as incurred. An internally generated intangible asset arising from development (or from the development phase of an internal project) is recognized if all of the following have been demonstrated: technical and commercial feasibility of completing the intangible asset so that it will be available for use or sale; the intention to complete the intangible asset and use or sell it; the ability to use or sell the intangible asset; how the intangible asset will generate probable future economic benefits; the availability of adequate technical, financial and other resources to complete the development to use or sell the intangible asset; and the ability to measure reliably the expenditure attributable to the intangible asset during its development.
The amount initially recognized for internally generated intangible assets is the sum of the expenditure incurred from the date on which the intangible asset first satisfies the recognition criteria above. All other development costs are expensed as incurred.
Subsequent to initial recognition, internally generated intangible assets are reported at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment, on the same basis as intangible assets acquired separately. Capitalized development costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the asset.
Patents, licenses and technology are stated at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment. Amortization is calculated on a straight-line basis over the estimated period of benefit, ranging from one to fifteen years.
Property and equipment are stated at cost, excluding the costs of the day-to-day servicing, less accumulated depreciation and impairment. Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis over the useful life of the assets based on cost less estimated residual values. The estimated useful lives for property and equipment are as follows:
| Years | |
|---|---|
| Seismic vessels | 25 - 30 |
| Seismic and operations equipment, incl. computers | 3 - 15 |
| Buildings and related leasehold improvements | 1 - 10 |
| Fixture, furniture, fittings and office computers | 3 - 5 |
| Major overhauls | 3 - 7.5 |
Subsequent expenditures and major inspections/overhauls are included in the asset's carrying amount or recognized as a separate asset, as appropriate, only when it is probable that future economic benefits for the Company and the cost of the item can be measured reliably. The carrying amount of replaced asset components are derecognized. All other repairs and maintenance are charged to the consolidated statements of profit and loss during the period in which they are incurred.
The assets' residual values, useful lives and method of depreciation are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at least at each year-end.
Assets under construction are carried at cost, less accumulated impairment. Cost includes borrowing costs incurred during construction in accordance with the Company's accounting policy as stated below. Depreciation commences when the asset is ready for its intended use.
A component of property and equipment is derecognized upon disposal or when no future economic benefit is expected from its use or disposal. Gains and losses arising on de-recognition of assets (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in the consolidated statements of profit and loss in the year derecognized.
Significant spare parts are capitalized along with the assets to which they relate. Other spare parts, consumables and bunker inventory are classified as other current assets and stated at cost, less any obsolescence.
Steaming costs relate to relocating or "steaming" a vessel and its crew from one location to another. Steaming costs are deferred to the extent the probable future economic benefits from the projects to which the vessel will steam are sufficient to recover the cost of the steam. In the event the vessel steams at a significantly lower speed than normal, the number of days allocated to steaming are reduced. The recoverable steaming cost associated with MultiClient surveys is capitalized as a part of the MultiClient library (see above). Recoverable steaming cost associated with exclusive contract surveys is deferred and charged to the consolidated statements of profit and loss during the periods of data acquisition.
The carrying amount of intangible assets and property, plant and equipment are reviewed at each balance sheet date to determine whether there is any indication of impairment. If any such indication exists, the asset's recoverable amount is estimated.
Intangible assets not yet available for use are assessed for impairment annually, or whenever there is an indication that the asset may be impaired.
The recoverable amount of an asset is the greater of its fair value less costs to sell and its value in use. In assessing value in use, estimated future cash flows are discounted to present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money
and the risks specific to the asset. For an asset that does not generate largely independent cash inflows, recoverable amount is determined for the cash-generating unit ("CGU") to which the asset belongs.
An impairment charge is recognized whenever the carrying amount of an asset or its CGU exceeds its recoverable amount. Impairment charges recognized in respect of CGUs are allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to that CGU, and then to reduce the carrying amount of the other assets in the unit on a pro-rata basis.
An impairment charge in respect of goodwill is not subject to reversal. For other assets, an impairment charge is reversed if the circumstances that gave rise to the impairment no longer exist, but only to the extent that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have existed had no impairment had been recognized.
The Company assesses at contract inception whether a contract is, or contains, a lease. That is, if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.
The Company applies a single recognition and measurement approach for all leases, except for short-term leases and leases of low-value assets. The Company recognises the liabilities to make lease payments and rightof-use assets representing the right to use the underlying assets.
The lease term is determined on the commencement date of the lease, and corresponds to the term of the lease contract, unless the Company is reasonably certain that it will exercise contractual extensions or termination options.
At the commencement date of the lease, the Company recognises lease liabilities measured at the present value of lease payments due under the contract, less any lease incentives receivable, plus the costs of purchase or termination options if reasonably certain to be exercised. Lease payments are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease. If that rate cannot be determined, the Company's incremental borrowing rate is used, being the rate that the lessee would have to pay to borrow the funds necessary to obtain an asset of similar value in a similar economic environment with similar terms and conditions.
Subsequently, the carrying amount of the lease liability is increased to reflect the accumulation of interest on the liability balance, and reduced as the lease payments are charged to the liability. In addition, the carrying amount of the lease liability is remeasured to reflect contractual modifications, changes to lease payments or changes in the assessment of the lease term.
Right-of-use assets are measured at cost, comprising the initial measurement of lease liability, lease payments made at the commencement date, initial direct costs and estimated restoration costs, less any lease incentives received.
Subsequently, the right-of-use asset is measured at cost, less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, and adjusted for any remeasurement of lease liabilities.
Right-of-use assets are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the lease term and the estimated useful lives of the assets.
The right-of-use assets are also subject to impairment. Refer to the accounting policies in section Impairment of property, equipment and intangibles.
The Company applies the short-term lease recognition exemption to its short-term leases of machinery and equipment (i.e., those leases that have a lease term of 12 months or less from the commencement date and do not contain a purchase option). It also applies the lease of low-value assets recognition exemption to leases of office equipment that are considered to be low value. Lease payments on short-term leases and
Leases in which the Company does not transfer substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of an asset are classified as operating leases. Rental income arising is accounted for on a straight-line basis over the lease terms and is included in revenue in the statement of profit or loss due to its operating nature.
Income tax expense is comprised of current and deferred tax. Income tax is recognized in the consolidated statement of profit and loss, except to the extent that it relates to items recorded directly to the consolidated statements of other comprehensive income.
Current tax is the tax expected to be paid to or recovered from taxation authorities in respect of taxable income for the year, using tax rates enacted or substantially enacted during the period.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the liability method, providing for temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes, and the amounts used for taxation purposes. The amount of deferred tax provided is based on tax rates that are expected to apply in the year of realization or settlement, using tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.
Deferred tax is not recognized on temporary differences arising from the initial recognition of goodwill, or relating to investments in subsidiaries to the extent that the temporary difference can be controlled by the Company and will probably not reverse in the foreseeable future.
Deferred tax assets are recognized only when, on the basis of all available evidence, it can be regarded as probable that there will be sufficient taxable profits in the foreseeable future against which the asset can be utilized.
Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset when a legally enforceable right exists to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities, and the deferred taxes are related to the same taxable entity and the same taxation authority. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as non-current in the consolidated statement of financial position.
Accounting for uncertain tax positions is described in note 3.
The Company's pension arrangements comprise defined benefit plans and defined contribution plans. The plans are funded through payments to insurance companies or trustee-administered funds.
A defined benefit plan is a pension plan which defines an amount of pension benefit that an employee will receive on retirement, dependent on factors such as age, years of service and compensation. The liability recognized for defined benefit pension plans is the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period, reduced by the fair value of plan assets. The calculation of the obligation is performed annually by a qualified actuary, using the projected unit credit method and key actuarial assumptions at the reporting date.
The amount charged to the consolidated statement of profit and loss comprises the cost of benefits accruing to employees over the year, plus net interest expense or income, calculated by applying the liability discount rate to the net pension liability.
Past service costs are recognized immediately in the consolidated statement of profit and loss, unless they relate to plan changes which are conditional on the employees remaining in service for a specified period of time (the vesting period). In this case, past service costs are recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period.
Actuarial gains and losses due to current period changes in assumptions applied are recognized immediately in other comprehensive income.
For defined contribution plans, the Company pays contributions to privately administered pension insurance plans on a mandatory, contractual or voluntary basis. The Company has no further payment obligations once the contributions have been paid. The contributions are recognized as employee benefit expense when due. Prepaid contributions are recognized as an asset to the extent that a cash refund or a reduction in the future payments is available.
The Company recognizes a provision for bonus where contractually obliged or where there is a past practice that has created a constructive obligation.
Restricted Stock Unit Plans are measured at the grant date using the current market value reduced by expected dividends paid before the vesting date, which is then further discounted.
Performance Restricted Stock Unit Plans are measured at the grant date using a Monte Carlo simulation with relative total shareholder return. The model simulates the future stock prices based on historical values over the length of the lifetime for the PRSU. The Relative TSR is calculated against a group of peer companies, where every company is ranked based on the simulations. An additional measure used is Return on Capital Employed ("ROCE").
The awards are adjusted for expected future dividends. Social security tax on the PRSU is based on the intrinsic value as of the end of the reporting period.
A provision is made for legally binding obligations (contracts) whereby the unavoidable costs of fulfilling the contracts exceed the economic benefits expected to be received. All costs (including depreciation of assigned assets) directly related to contract fulfillment are included in the calculation.
Interest-bearing loans are recognized initially at fair value less transaction costs. Subsequent to initial recognition, interest bearing loans are measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. Gains and losses are recognized in the consolidated statements of profit and loss when the liabilities are derecognized as well as through the amortization process.
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognized when the Company becomes party to the contractual obligations of the relevant instrument.
The Company classifies its financial instruments in the following categories: at fair value through profit and loss, at fair value through other comprehensive income or at amortized cost. The Company determines the classification of financial instruments at initial recognition.
This category comprises financial assets and liabilities held for trading, including all derivative instruments. Financial instruments in this category are initially recorded at fair value, and transaction costs are expensed in the consolidated statement of profit and loss. Realized and unrealized gains and losses arising from changes in the fair value are included in the consolidated statements of profit and loss in the period in which they arise.
On initial recognition, an election can be made to classify investments in equity instruments at fair value through other comprehensive income. Financial instruments in this category are initially recognized at fair value plus transaction costs. Subsequently, they are measured at fair value, with gains and losses arising from changes in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income.
Financial assets and liabilities in this category are initially recognized at fair value, and subsequently carried at amortized cost, using the effective interest method less any allowance for impairment. This category includes accounts receivable, accounts payable and loans and other borrowings.
At each reporting date, the Company measures the loss allowance for the financial asset at an amount equal to the lifetime expected credit losses. For accounts receivables and contract assets, the Company uses a simplified approach in calculating expected credit losses. The Company recognizes a loss allowance using factors including aging of accounts, historical experience, customer concentration, customer creditworthiness and current industry and economic trends. An impairment loss, amounting to any difference between the carrying amount of the loss allowance and the expected credit losses at the reporting date, is recognized in the consolidated statement of profit and loss.
The Company uses derivative financial instruments to reduce its exposure related to fluctuations in foreign currency rates and interest rates. Derivative instruments are recognized in the consolidated statements of financial position at their fair values. Realized and unrealized gains and losses attributable to derivative instruments that do not qualify for hedge accounting are recognized as other financial items, net, as they arise.
Fair value hedges are used to hedge currency risk on equipment purchases denominated in currencies other than USD. The change in fair value of the hedging instrument is recognized in the consolidated statements of profit and loss, together with any change in fair value of the hedged item that are attributable to the hedged risk.
When an unrecognized firm commitment is designated as a hedged item, the subsequent cumulative change in fair value of the firm commitment attributable to the hedged risk is recognized as an asset or liability with a corresponding gain or loss recognized in the consolidated statements of profit and loss.
Cash flow hedging is used to hedge interest rate risk. Gains or losses on the hedging instrument are recognized in the consolidated statement of other comprehensive income, to the extent that the hedge is determined to be effective. All other gains or losses are recognized immediately in the consolidated statement of profit and loss.
For cash flow hedges of recognized assets or liabilities, accumulated gains or losses are transferred from other comprehensive income to the consolidated statement of profit and loss in the same period in which the hedged transaction affects the consolidated statement of profit and loss.
Hedge accounting is discontinued when a hedging instrument is derecognized due to expiry, termination or disposal. If the forecasted transaction continues to be expected to occur, the related gains or losses are retained in other comprehensive income until the transaction takes place. Any subsequent change in value is recorded directly to the consolidated statement of profit and loss.
Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the profit attributable to equity holders of the Company by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year, excluding ordinary shares purchased by the Company and held as treasury shares. Diluted earnings per share is calculated by adjusting the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding to assume conversion of all dilutive potential ordinary shares. For diluted earnings per share, dilutive potential ordinary shares are determined independently for each period presented. When the number of ordinary shares outstanding changes (e.g., share split) the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during all periods presented is adjusted retrospectively. The dilutive effect of outstanding Restricted Stock Units and Performance Restricted Stock Units is reflected as additional share dilution in the computation of earnings per share.
Non-current assets are classified as held for sale if it is highly probable that they will be recovered primarily through sale rather than through continuing use. The sale is highly likely if, at the reporting date, management has committed to detailed sales plans, is actively looking for a buyer and has set a reasonable selling price and the sale is highly likely to occur within a year.
Such assets are measured at the lower of their carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell. Once classified as held for sale, the non-current assets will no longer be depreciated.
The Group applied for the first-time certain standards and amendments, which are effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2020. The Group has not early adopted any other standard, interpretation or amendment that has been issued but is not yet effective.
The amendments to IFRS 9 and IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement provide a number of reliefs, which apply to all hedging relationships that are directly affected by interest rate benchmark reform. A hedging relationship is affected if the reform gives rise to uncertainty about the timing and/or amount of benchmark-based cash flows of the hedged item or the hedging instrument.
These amendments do not impact the consolidated financial statements.
The amendments provide a new definition of material that states, "information is material if omitting, misstating or obscuring it could reasonably be expected to influence decisions that the primary users of general- purpose financial statements make on the basis of those financial statements, which provide financial information about a specific reporting entity." The amendments clarify that materiality will depend on the nature or magnitude of information, either individually or in combination with other information, in the context of the financial statements. A misstatement of information is material if it could reasonably be expected to influence decisions made by the primary users.
These amendments did not impact the consolidated financial statements.
The Conceptual Framework is not a standard, and none of the concepts contained therein override the concepts or requirements in any standard. The purpose of the Conceptual Framework is to assist the IASB in developing standards, to help preparers develop consistent accounting policies where there is no applicable standard in place and to assist all parties to understand and interpret the standards. This will affect those entities which developed their accounting policies based on the Conceptual Framework. The revised Conceptual Framework includes some new concepts, updated definitions and recognition criteria for assets and liabilities and clarifies some important concepts.
These amendments did not impact the consolidated financial statements.
On 28 May 2020, the IASB issued Covid-19-Related Rent Concessions amendment to IFRS 16 Leases. The amendments provide relief to lessees from applying IFRS 16 guidance on lease modification accounting for rent concessions arising as a direct consequence of the Covid-19 pandemic. As a practical expedient, a lessee may elect not to assess whether a Covid-19 related rent concession from a lessor is a lease modification. A lessee that makes this election accounts for any change in lease payments resulting from the Covid-19 related rent concession the same way it would account for the change under IFRS 16, if the change were not a lease modification. The amendment applies to annual reporting periods beginning on or after 1 June 2020. Earlier application is permitted.
This amendment had no impact on the consolidated financial statements.
Standards and interpretations that are issued up to the date of issuance of the consolidated financial statements, but not yet effective, are disclosed below. The Company's intention is to adopt the relevant new and amended standards and interpretations when they become effective, subject to EU approval before the consolidated financial statements are issued.
In January 2020, the IASB issued amendments to paragraphs 69 to 76 of IAS 1 to specify the requirements for classifying liabilities as current or non-current. The amendments clarify:
The amendments are effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023 and must be applied retrospectively.
The Company is still assessing the potential impact.
Onerous Contracts – Costs of Fulfilling a Contract – Amendments to IAS 37 In May 2020, the IASB issued amendments to IAS 37 to specify which
costs an entity needs to include when assessing whether a contract is onerous or loss-making.
The amendments apply a "directly related cost approach". The costs that relate directly to a contract to provide goods or services include both incremental costs and an allocation of costs directly related to contract activities. General and administrative costs do not relate directly to a contract and are excluded unless they are explicitly chargeable to the counterparty under the contract.
The amendments are effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2022. The Group
will apply these amendments to contracts for which it has not yet fulfilled all its obligations at the beginning of the annual reporting period in which it first applies the amendments.
The amendments are not expected to have a material impact on the Company.
As part of its 2018-2020 annual improvements to IFRS standards process the IASB issued amendment to IFRS 9. The amendment clarifies the fees that an entity includes when assessing whether the terms of a new or modified financial liability are substantially different from the terms of the original financial liability. These fees include only those paid or received between the borrower and the lender, including fees paid or received by either the borrower or lender on the other's behalf. An entity applies the amendment to financial liabilities that are modified or exchanged on or after the beginning of the annual reporting period in which the entity first applies the amendment.
The amendment is effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2022 with earlier adoption permitted. The Group will apply the amendments to financial liabilities that are modified or exchanged on or after the beginning of the annual reporting period in which the entity first applies the amendment.
The amendments are not expected to have a material impact on the Group.
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with IFRS requires management to make estimates, assumptions and judgments that
affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities. In many circumstances, the ultimate outcome related to the estimates, assumptions and judgments may not be known for several years after the preparation of the financial statements. Actual amounts may differ materially from these estimates due to changes in general economic conditions, changes in laws and regulations, changes in future operating plans and the inherent imprecision associated with estimates.
The key assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the end of the reporting period that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are discussed below.
The Company applied a pre-tax discount rate of 12% and 11% for the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 respectively in determining discounted cash flows in connection with the impairment evaluations of seismic vessels and equipment, intangible assets and the MultiClient library. The rates reflect the estimated weighted average cost of capital for Company activities.
Generally, a survey is defined as a separate CGU, but may in some cases be combined if geographically adjacent and marketed combined.
At least annually, management forecasts future sales for each MultiClient library survey for purposes of determining the amount of impairment. Sales forecasts are also estimated in calculating the amount of accelerated amortization for surveys which have licensed disproportionately sooner than implied by the 4-year amortization life; and for surveys that are completed at which time prefunding revenue is recognized. In forecasting sales, management considers past experience, market developments as described above, general prospects for hydrocarbons in the area, political risk, likelihood and timing of exploration licensing rounds, existence of competitor data sets and general economic conditions. Because of the inherent difficulty in forecasting sales and future developments, it is possible that the amount of impairment and amortization could vary significantly between periods. In addition, future revenues from a survey may not be sufficient to cover the existing carrying value. To the extent the future actual revenues achieved prove to be less than forecasted, future periods will reflect lower profitability and/ or impairment of MultiClient library surveys.
A 10% reduction in the sales forecast for all surveys with a net book value as of December 31, 2020 would have resulted in an additional impairment of approximately \$17 million. A 20% reduction in the sales forecast for all surveys with a net book value as of December 31, 2020 would have resulted in an additional impairment of approximately \$44 million.
Seismic vessels and equipment are regularly reviewed for impairment, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. Future cash flows expected to be generated from the use and eventual disposal of the assets are estimated to determine the amount of impairment, if any.
Each vessel is considered as a separate CGU and seismic equipment is allocated to the vessels for the purpose of impairment testing.
Estimating future cash flows requires management to make judgments regarding long-term forecasts of future revenues and costs related to the assets subject to review. These forecasts are subject to uncertainty as they require assumptions about demand for our products and services, future market conditions and technological developments. Significant and unanticipated changes in these assumptions could result in impairments in a future period.
In estimating future cash flows of the seismic fleet, management has assumed that revenue levels for the fleet in 2021 will be slightly better than last year. PGS expects the improved oil price, a likely global recovery from the Covid-19 pandemic, and the effects of deferred projects from
last year to support gradual increasing demand for seismic services in the subsequent years.
Despite the impacts of the Covid-19 crisis, energy consumption is expected to continue to increase longer term with oil and gas being an important part of the energy mix as the global energy transition evolves towards a higher share of renewable energy sources. Offshore reserves will be vital for future supply and support demand for marine seismic services. PGS expects the energy transition to impact future demand for seismic, developing more towards near-field exploration and surveys over production fields for reservoir optimization and less interest in frontier exploration. The recovery of the seismic industry is likely also to benefit from the recent industry capacity reductions, amounting to approximately 20% in 2020.
On that basis, management has forecasted improved margins that generate operating profit ("EBIT") margins to trend towards historic margins above ~15%.
The key assumptions used will bear the risk of change based on the inherent volatile nature of macro-economic factors such as future oil price, discount rate and any changes to rules and regulations around seismic exploration.
Had assumed long-term EBIT margins been an additional 3 percentage points lower when estimating future cash flows, then impairment of the fleet would approximate \$105 million as of December 31, 2020. If EBIT margins had been 5 percentage points lower, then impairment of the fleet would approximate \$170 million as of December 31, 2020.
Depreciation is based on management estimates of the future economic benefits and expected useful lives of seismic vessels and equipment. These estimates may change due to changes in market conditions including competition, technological development, use of the assets and strategic considerations.
Deferred tax assets are recognized for unused tax losses to the extent it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against which the losses can be utilized. Significant management judgment is required to estimate the amount of deferred tax assets that can be recognized, based upon the likely timing and level of future taxable profit in the nearer term (generally 2 to 3 years forward).
As of December 31, 2020, aggregate unrecorded deferred tax assets of the Company amount to \$415 million.
The Company records accruals for contingencies, claims and other uncertain liabilities, including tax contingencies, when it is more likely than not that a liability has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. These accruals are adjusted periodically as assessments change or new or additional information becomes available. In estimating the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome, management evaluates the specific facts and circumstances in light of the related laws and regulations; advice from external counsel; and the outcome of similar cases, if any. Because of the inherent uncertainty in estimating the future outcome of such matters, it is possible that some of these matters will ultimately result in the Company incurring a material liability. See note 12 and 23 for further descriptions.
PGS has one operating segment focused on delivery of seismic data and services.
Following the implementation of the accounting standard for revenues, IFRS 15, in 2018, MultiClient pre-funding revenues are no longer recognized under the previously applied percentage of completion method. Instead, such revenues are generally recognized at delivery of the final processed data, which is typically significantly later than the acquisition of the seismic data.
PGS has, for the purpose of its internal reporting, continued to report according to the principle applied in 2017 and earlier years, where MultiClient prefunding revenue is recognized on a percentage of completion basis, and the related amortization of MultiClient library based upon the ratio of aggregate capitalized survey costs to forecasted sales.
The table below provides a reconciliation of the Company's segment numbers ("Segment") against the financial statements prepared in accordance with IFRS ("As Reported"):
| Year ended December 31, | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | |
| (In millions of US dollars) | Segment Reporting | Adjustments | As Reported | |||
| Total revenues and other income* | 595.9 | 880.1 | (83.9) | 50.7 | 512.0 | 930.8 |
| Cost of sales | (150.3) | (262.5) | - | - | (150.3) | (262.5) |
| Research and development costs | (8.7) | (9.7) | - | - | (8.7) | (9.7) |
| Selling, general and administrative costs | (39.2) | (51.8) | - | - | (39.2) | (51.8) |
| Amortization of MultiClient library | (296.3) | (343.9) | 65.7 | (75.6) | (230.6) | (419.5) |
| Depreciation and amortization (excl. MultiClient library) | (89.2) | (115.8) | - | - | (89.2) | (115.8) |
| Operating profit/ EBIT ex impairment and other charges,net | 12.2 | 96.4 | (18.2) | (24.9) | (6.0) | 71.5 |
*Include other Income of \$38.8 million related to government grants for the period March to December 2020, see note 6.
| Year ended December 31, | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | |
| (In millions of US dollars) | Segment Reporting | Adjustments | As Reported | |||
| -Contract seismic | 146.7 | 318.8 | - | - | 146.7 | 318.8 |
| -MultiClient pre-funding | 218.6 | 256.5 | (83.9) | 50.7 | 134.7 | 307.2 |
| -MultiClient late sales | 167.3 | 273.1 | - | - | 167.3 | 273.1 |
| -Imaging | 23.6 | 29.1 | - | - | 23.6 | 29.1 |
| -Other Income* | 39.7 | 2.6 | - | - | 39.7 | 2.6 |
| Total Revenues and Other Income | 595.9 | 880.1 | (83.9) | 50.7 | 512.0 | 930.8 |
*Include other Income of \$38.8 million related to government grants for the period March to December 2020, see note 6.
Segment Reporting applies a percentage of completion revenue recognition principle for MultiClient pre-funding agreements and recognizes MultiClient library amortization in the same periods as the revenues. This differs from IFRS reporting which recognizes revenue from MultiClient pre-funding agreements and related amortization at the "point in time" when the customer receives access to, or delivery of, the finished data. See note 2 for further description of the principles applied.
For the year ended December 31, 2020 MultiClient pre-funding revenues, As Reported, were lower than Segment pre-funding revenues. This difference is only related to timing of revenue recognition.
Set out below is the reconciliation of the Company's segment numbers with the amounts disclosed in revenues from contracts with customers (note 5);
| Year ended December 31, | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 | |||
| Revenues as reported in Segment disclosure* | 557.1 | 880.1 | |||
| Segment MultiClient revenue for projects not yet delivered | (224.8) | (138.3) | |||
| Segment MultiClient revenue from previous years, projects delivered | 140.9 | 189.0 | |||
| Revenues, As Reported* | 473.2 | 930.8 |
*Excluding government grants presented at Other income in note 6
The difference is related to timing of recognition of MultiClient pre-funding revenues. Refer to note 2 for further information.
Because the Company provides services worldwide to the oil and gas industry, a substantial portion of the property and equipment is mobile, and their respective locations at the end of each period are not necessarily indicative of the earnings generated by the related property and equipment during the period. Property and equipment and other non-current assets are classified based upon location of ownership. The geographic classification of statements of profit and loss items is based upon location of performance or, in the case of MultiClient seismic data sales, the geographic area covered by the data being licensed.
| Geographical markets | Year ended December 31, | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | ||
| (In millions of US dollars) | Segment Reporting | As Reported | |||
| Norway* | 145.2 | 172.0 | 163.7 | 130.0 | |
| Angola | 95.2 | 93.7 | 48.3 | 90.1 | |
| Asia/Pacific | 76.2 | 126.8 | 91.7 | 118.6 | |
| Brazil | 48.7 | 59.9 | 29.8 | 108.6 | |
| Egypt | 48.0 | 32.9 | 3.2 | 43.3 | |
| South Africa | 57.1 | 2.9 | 57.0 | 20.1 | |
| Africa (excluding Angola, South Africa) | 36.9 | 95.5 | 37.6 | 83.6 | |
| United Kingdom | 23.3 | 46.8 | 15.5 | 69.1 | |
| Guyana | 26.7 | 116.0 | 26.7 | 116.0 | |
| Canada | 22.4 | 75.4 | 23.0 | 94.3 | |
| Americas (excluding Brazil, Canada and Guyana) | 10.1 | 27.6 | 9.5 | 26.7 | |
| Middle East/Other ((excluding Egypt) | 6.1 | 30.6 | 6.0 | 30.4 | |
| Total Revenues and Other Income | 595.9 | 880.1 | 512.0 | 930.8 |
*Norway include other Income of \$38.8 million related to government grants for the period March to December 2020, see note 6.
| Total non-current assets (a) | December 31, | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 | |
| Norway | 1 038.1 | 1 322.6 | |
| Africa | 166.0 | 115.5 | |
| Americas (excluding Brazil) | 147.3 | 142.8 | |
| Asia/Pacific | 102.3 | 153.8 | |
| Brazil | 73.4 | 39.9 | |
| Middle East/Other | 55.4 | 12.4 | |
| Europe (excluding Norway) | 34.3 | 43.3 | |
| Total | 1 616.8 | 1 830.3 |
(a) Consists of Property and equipment, MultiClient library, Investments in associated companies (note 19) and Other intangible assets.
The company earns revenue from the following categories of customer contracts:
| Type of goods or service | Year ended December 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 | ||
| Contract seismic | 146.7 | 318.8 | ||
| MultiClient pre-funding | 134.7 | 307.2 | ||
| MultiClient late sales | 167.3 | 273.1 | ||
| Imaging | 23.6 | 29.1 | ||
| Other | 0.9 | 2.6 | ||
| Total revenues from contracts with customers | 473.2 | 930.8 |
Depending on the type of contract with the customers, the Company's performance obligation is considered to be satisfied over time or at a point in time. Performance obligations satisfied over time generally include Contract seismic, Imaging services and Multiclient revenue from Joint Operation partner.
Set out below is the reconciliation of the timing of revenue from contract with customers.
| Timing of revenue recognition* | Year ended December 31, | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 | |
| Licenses transferred at a point in time | 302.9 | 555.6 | |
| Services transferred over time | 170.3 | 375.2 | |
| Total revenues from contracts with customers | 473.2 | 930.8 |
*Refer to section on performance obligations below
In 2020, aggregate revenues from the two largest customers accounted for 13% and 10% of the Company's consolidated revenues compared to 24% and 9% in 2019, respectively.
The Company has cooperation agreements to invest in certain MultiClient data projects with other parties. These agreements are classified as joint operations where the parties have rights to the assets and liability of the investment. The Company generally holds an interest between 30-50%. PGS recognizes its share of the revenue. For the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, \$32.1 million and \$142.1 of the revenue recognized relates to projects with Joint Operations, respectively.
| (In millions of US dollars) | December 31, | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 2019 | ||
| Accounts receivables from contracts with customers | 100.6 | 167.4 | |
| Other | - | 23.7 | |
| Accounts receivables | 100.6 | 191.1 |
Balances related to customer contracts consists of the following;
| December 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 | 2019 |
| Accounts receivables | 100.6 | 167.4 | 160.3 |
| Accrued revenues (note 15) | 55.7 | 116.4 | 58.1 |
| Total assets from contracts with customers | 156.3 | 283.8 | 218.4 |
| Deferred revenues | 188.6 | 123.9 | 160.6 |
| Total liabilities from contracts with customers | 188.6 | 123.9 | 160.6 |
Trade receivables are non-interest bearing and are generally on terms of 30 to 45 days.
Accrued revenues are initially recognized for revenue earned, but not yet invoiced. This is generally related to Contract and Imaging projects where the conditions to invoice are not yet satisfied, as well as Late Sales generally to be invoiced the following month.
The decrease in accounts receivables and accrued revenues is due to fewer vessels in operation and the weak market as energy companies have significantly reduced spending in response to the disruptions in the oil market caused by the Covid-19 pandemic.
Deferred revenues consist of revenue billed, not yet recognized. A substantial share of the balance is related to MultiClient pre-funding licenses where revenue is generally recognized at completion of the survey. The Company currently expects the majority of all deferred revenues to be recognized during 2021.
The increase in deferred revenues is due to several larger MultiClient projects expected to be delivered in the first half of 2021
Set out below is the amount of revenue recognized from amounts included in contract liabilities at the beginning of the year:
| Year ended December 31, | ||
|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 |
| Amounts included in contract liabilities at the beginning of the year | 95.4 | 156.1 |
The performance obligation is satisfied over-time and payment is generally due monthly or upon defined project milestones.
The performance obligation is satisfied at a point-in-time, usually by delivery of final data, and payment is generally due upon defined project milestones. The customer is usually entitled to other deliverables such as preliminary data, but these are deemed not to be distinct within the context of the contract.
Revenue the company receives from Joint Operation partners for acquisition or processing preformed is classified as MultiClient pre-funding. The ownership of data is, in most cases, joint and the partner assumes ownership, rights and obligations as the data is produced, the revenue is therefore considered as transferred over time. This amounts to nil and \$27.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
The performance obligation is satisfied at a point-in-time upon signing of contract and delivery of data. Payment is generally due 30-45 days after the performance obligation is satisfied. Certain contracts may contain uplift payments dependent on a condition such as the customer subsequently being awarded acreage that is covered by the MultiClient data license granted to the customer. These are considered contingent consideration and consideration is recognized when the triggering event has taken place.
The transaction price, for contracts entered into as of December 31, allocated to the remaining performance obligations (unsatisfied or partly unsatisfied) as follows:
| Year ended December 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 | |
| Licenses transferred at a point in time | 226.9 | 176.1 | |
| Services transferred over time | 106.8 | 137.6 | |
| Within one year | 333.6 | 313.7 | |
| Licenses transferred at a point in time | 14.6 | 37.5 | |
| Services transferred over time | - | - | |
| More than one year | 14.6 | 37.5 | |
| Total | 348.2 | 351.2 |
All ongoing MultiClient projects as of December 31, 2020 with pre-funders are expected to be completed during 2021 and first quarter 2022. The timing of performance obligations is uncertain as MultiClient projects are subject to allocation of internal imaging capacity and progress.
| (In millions of US dollars) | Year ended December 31, |
|---|---|
| 2020 2019 |
|
| Government grants | 38.8 - |
| Total Other income | 38.8 - |
The Company recorded Covid-19 related cash support from the Norwegian Government amounting to \$38.8 million of which \$15.5 million principally reflect grants receivable in respect of the year ended December 31, 2020. The compensation scheme offers financial compensation to Norwegian companies which have experienced a substantial decrease in turnover as a result of the coronavirus pandemic. The Government has set up a broad, temporary compensation scheme for businesses which are experiencing a substantial decrease in turnover due to the crisis.
| Year ended December 31, | ||
|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 |
| Vessel costs & direct project cost* | (287.5) | (402.4) |
| New Ventures, project porfolio & Imaging* | (80.9) | (109.8) |
| Technology/ digitalization & other* | (1.4) | 1.9 |
| Total cost of sales, gross | (369.8) | (510.3) |
| Steaming deferral, net | (2.8) | 3.0 |
| Less amount capitalized to MultiClient library | 222.3 | 244.8 |
| Total cost of sales, net | (150.3) | (262.5) |
*) Following a reorganization during 2020 there have been some changes between categories, prior periods are not directly comparable.
Amortization and impairment of the MultiClient library consist of the following:
| Year ended December 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 | |
| Amortization of MultiClient library (note 18) | (125.4) | (206.5) | |
| Accelerated amortization of MultiClient library (note 18) | (105.2) | (213.0) | |
| Impairment of MultiClient library (note 18) | (34.9) | (17.9) | |
| Amortization and impairment of MultiClient library | (265.5) | (437.4) |
Impairment relates mainly to surveys where the level of previously expected sales has not materialized or are no longer probable. In 2020 approximately 40% relates to projects in Africa and the remainder mainly Asia Pacific and Europe, compared to approximately 40% related to Europe and the remainder mainly Africa and Asia Pacific in 2019.
Amortization and depreciation of non-current assets (excluding MultiClient library) consist of the following:
| Year ended December 31, | ||
|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 |
| Gross depreciation and amortization * | (176.2) | (203.9) |
| Deferred Steaming depreciation, net | (0.8) | 1.3 |
| Depreciation capitalized to the MultiClient library | 87.8 | 86.8 |
| Depreciation and amortization of non-current assets (excl. MultiClient Library) | (89.2) | (115.8) |
* Includes depreciation of right-of-use assets amounting to \$ 31.7 million and \$ 41.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
Impairments of non-current assets (excluding MultiClient library) consist of the following:
| (In millions of US dollars) | Year ended December 31, | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 2019 | ||
| Impairment of property and equipment (note 17) | (107.4) | - | |
| Impairment other intangible assets (note 20) | (1.0) | - | |
| Impairment non-current assets (excl. MultiClient Library) | (108.4) | - |
In 2020, PGS recorded an impairment charge of \$108.4 million. The impairment primarily reflects a write-down to estimated recoverable value for the right-of-use assets of the vessels PGS Apollo and Sanco Swift, which were cold-stacked in Q2 2020. As well as an impairment of \$30.0 million on two Ramform Titan-class vessels, among others reflecting a higher estimated weighted average cost of capital and downward adjustment to future expected cash flows, used for impairment testing.
The Company has assessed the vessels for impairment. Reference is made to note 3 for information.
The recoverable values of seismic vessels are sensitive to the assumed margins and duration of the current downturn as well as changes to the operation plan for vessels. Reference is made to note 3 for information on sensitivities.
Other charges, net consist of the following:
| Year ended December 31, | ||
|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 |
| Severance cost | (22.2) | (0.4) |
| Onerous lease contracts, service component | - | 4.2 |
| Onerous contracts with customers | (4.5) | (1.9) |
| Other restructuring costs and stacking | (12.0) | - |
| Other | - | (0.9) |
| Total | (38.7) | 1.0 |
The Covid-19 pandemic has caused widespread disruptions in the oil market and a significant reduction in energy companies' 2020 budgets. For 2020 the Company has recorded \$34.2 million of severance and stacking cost related to reducing the workforce and reduce vessel capacity.
Interest expense consists of the following:
| Year ended December 31, | ||
|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 |
| Interest on debt , gross | (80.5) | (63.6) |
| Imputed interest cost on lease agreements (note 23) | (10.7) | (13.8) |
| Interest capitalized to the MultiClient library (note 18) | 12.8 | 9.9 |
| Total | (78.4) | (67.5) |
The average interest rate used to determine the amount of interest cost eligible for capitalization was 6.3% and 4.9% for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
Other financial expense, net, consists of the following:
| Year ended December 31, | ||
|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 |
| Interest income | 0.8 | 2.2 |
| Currency exchange gain/loss | 4.9 | 1.0 |
| Fees, including commitment fee RCF | (3.8) | (4.3) |
| Other | (11.9) | (3.5) |
| Total | (10.0) | (4.6) |
The line "Other" includes expensed cost related to amendment and extension of debt agreements of \$9.9 million for the full year 2020.
Income tax consists of the following:
| Year ended December 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 | |
| Current taxes | (15.1) | (34.8) | |
| Deferred taxes | - | 0.7 | |
| Total income tax expense | (15.1) | (34.1) |
The decrease in current taxes from the year ended December 31, 2019 relates mainly to lower withholding taxes in countries of operation and lower income tax on operations in Egypt, partially offset by increased income tax on operations in Brazil.
The income tax differs from the amounts computed when applying the Norwegian statutory tax rate to income (loss) before income tax as a result of the following:
| Year ended December 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 | |
| Income (loss) before income tax | (306.4) | (37.6) | |
| Norwegian statutory rate | 22% | 22% | |
| Provision for income taxes at statutory rate | 67.4 | 8.3 | |
| Increase (reduction) in income taxes from: | |||
| Effect of tax rates other than statutory tax rate in Norway | (0.1) | (3.4) | |
| IFRS 15 Revenue and amortization recognized in previous years (a ) | (0.6) | (1.3) | |
| Tax exempt income within tonnage tax regimes | (0.8) | 6.3 | |
| Losses from equity investments | (6.6) | (4.4) | |
| Foreign taxes not creditable in home country | (7.0) | (17.2) | |
| Currency effects (b) | 11.0 | (2.7) | |
| Changes in unrecognized deferred tax assets | (85.8) | (19.1) | |
| Prior period adjustments | 6.2 | (0.8) | |
| Other permanent items | 1.2 | 0.2 | |
| Income tax | (15.1) | (34.1) |
Notes to selected items in the preceding table:
(a) Following the implementation of IFRS 15, the Company reversed revenue and amortization towards the opening balance as of January 1, 2018. Revenue and amortization previously recognized have been taken out as a permanent difference. This did not have any impact on the Balance Sheet or tax expense, as all deferred tax is currently unrecognized.
(b) Currency effects primarily relate to translating tax positions in local currency to US dollar functional currency.
The tax effects of the Company's temporary differences are as follows:
| (In millions of US dollars) | December 31, | |
|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 2019 | |
| Deferred tax assets | ||
| Derivatives | - | (0.3) |
| Employee benefits | (8.7) | (7.4) |
| Tax loss carry-forwards | (313.1) | (268.3) |
| Current accruals/liabilities | - | (0.8) |
| Property and equipment | (49.3) | (40.9) |
| Other | (55.3) | (24.0) |
| Deferred tax assets, gross | (426.4) | (341.7) |
| Deferred tax liabilities | ||
| Property and equipment | 4.0 | 5.2 |
| Intangible assets | 6.9 | 7.8 |
| Other | 1.0 | - |
| Deferred tax liabilities, gross | 11.9 | 13.0 |
| Deferred tax assets, net | (414.5) | (328.7) |
| Deferred tax assets not recognized in the consolidated statements of financial position | 414.6 | 328.8 |
| Net recognized deferred tax assets and liabilities | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| (In millions of US dollars) | December 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 2019 | |||
| Deferred tax assets | - | - | ||
| Deferred tax liabilities | 0.1 | 0.1 | ||
| Income tax liabilities, gross | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Any temporary differences related to IFRS 16 is considered on a net basis. Deferred tax is recognized on temporary differences that arise when the net asset or liability changes. The amount is not material and is included in other deferred tax assets.
The Company has incurred several years of consecutive tax losses in the Norwegian tax jurisdiction, including for 2020 and the outlook for 2021 remains uncertain. Although the Company believes it will attain a satisfactory level of profitability, sufficient convincing evidence of such as required by International Accounting Standard 12 is not present.
Deferred tax assets specified by jurisdiction, both recognized and unrecognized, and tax losses including expiration periods as of December 31, 2020 are as follows:
| (In millions of US dollars) | Tax losses | Expiry dates | Recognized deferred tax assets |
Unrecognized deferred tax assets |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Norway | 1 063.0 | None | - | 233.9 |
| UK | 146.8 | None | - | 27.9 |
| Other | 200.1 | Various | - | 51.3 |
| 1 409.8 | - | 313.1 |
It is the Company's current view that unremitted earnings from international operations in subsidiaries are expected to be reinvested indefinitely, and as a result, no withholding taxes have been provided for unremitted earnings.
With its multinational operations, the Company is subject to taxation in many jurisdictions around the world with increasingly complex tax laws. The Company has matters in several jurisdictions that could eventually make it liable for material amounts of taxes relating to prior years.
Total provision for uncertain tax positions are recognized as follows:
| (In millions of US dollars) | December 31, | |
|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 2019 | |
| Other non-current liabilities | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Total provision for uncertain tax positions | 0.1 | 0.1 |
The Company estimates the likelihood of unfavorable outcomes for tax contingencies amounting to approximately \$23 million as reasonably possible (20-50%) and approximately \$78 million as remote (less than 20%); these contingencies are not provided for.
This includes ongoing tax disputes related to charter of vessels into Brazil. The assessments, which seek to levy 15% withholding tax and 10% CIDE (service) tax, amount to \$35.6 million in total. See note 23 for more information.
| Specification of average number of shares: | Year ended December 31, | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 2019 | ||
| Weighted average basic shares outstanding (a) | 380 510 818 | 338 578 257 | |
| Dilutive potential shares | 1 714 603 | 1 988 640 | |
| Weighted average diluted shares outstanding | 382 225 421 | 340 566 897 |
(a) Weighted average basic shares outstanding for each year is reduced by the average number of treasury shares owned by the Company during the year (see Note 27)
On February 13, 2020 the number of shares was increased by 48,627,000, from 338 579 996 shares to 387,206,996, following a private placement. Refer to note 27 for further information.
| Restricted cash consists of the following: | December 31, | |
|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 |
| Current: | ||
| Restricted payroll withholding taxes | 4.3 | 4.2 |
| Restricted cash debt service | 6.4 | - |
| Other | 5.1 | - |
| Total restricted cash, current | 15.8 | 4.2 |
| Non-current: | ||
| Deposits disputes (note 23) | 17.7 | - |
| Restricted cash debt service | 43.1 | 38.8 |
| Total restricted cash, non-current | 60.8 | 43.0 |
The increase in restricted cash is mainly due to the legal deposit in Brazil (see note 23) and an increase in retention accounts. Restricted cash of \$76.6 million includes \$47.5 million held in debt service reserve and retention accounts related to the export credit financing ("ECF") of Ramform Titan, Ramform Atlas, Ramform Tethys and Ramform Hyperion. During Q3 2020 PGS continued to transfer cash into retention accounts earmarked for servicing the ECF debt. Pending finalization of agreements for debt amortization deferrals, PGS agreed with the ECF lenders not to pay the scheduled amortization on September 29, 2020, which otherwise would have been paid out of the retention accounts. When the deferral agreements are completed, the \$16.7 million on the retention accounts as of December 31, 2020, will be used to service (interest payments) the ECF debt going forward.
| Accrued revenues and other receivables consist of the following: | December 31, | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 | |
| Accrued revenues | 55.7 | 116.4 | |
| Other receivables | 1.6 | 2.1 | |
| Total | 57.3 | 118.5 |
| Other current assets consist of the following: | December 31, | |
|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 |
| Prepaid operating expenses | 22.6 | 16.3 |
| Consumables, supplies and fuel inventory | 21.8 | 29.1 |
| Deferred steaming and project costs | 10.2 | 13.8 |
| Prepaid reinsurance | 3.7 | 3.0 |
| Withholding taxes and taxes receivable | 2.6 | 6.8 |
| Unrealized gain on on firm commitment subject to hedge accounting | - | 1.3 |
| Other* | 18.3 | 1.4 |
| Total | 79.2 | 71.7 |
* Includes government grants amounting to \$15.5 million for the period September to December 2020.
The changes in property and equipment are as follows:
| Seismic vessels | Buildings, fixtures | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | and equipment | and furniture | Total | |
| Cost as of January 1, 2019 | 2 875.8 | 134.6 | 3 010.4 | |
| Additions | 53.3 | 6.0 | 59.3 | |
| Asset retirements | (249.7) | (1.3) | (251.0) | |
| Reclassification/Other | - | (1.2) | (1.2) | |
| Cost as of December 31, 2019 | 2 679.4 | 138.1 | 2 817.5 | |
| Additions | 25.2 | 10.9 | 36.1 | |
| Asset retirements | (153.0) | - | (153.0) | |
| Reclassification/Other | (1.0) | - | (1.0) | |
| Cost as of December 31, 2020 | 2 550.6 | 149.0 | 2 699.6 | |
| Accumulated depreciation as of January 1, 2019 | 1 566.9 | 46.1 | 1 613.0 | |
| Impairments as of January 1, 2019 | 133.1 | - | 133.1 | |
| Depreciation | 167.8 | 20.2 | 188.0 | |
| Asset transfers to held for sale | - | - | - | |
| Asset retirements- accumulated depreciation | (227.2) | (1.3) | (228.5) | |
| Asset retirements- accumulated impairment | (20.5) | - | (20.5) | |
| Depreciation as of December 31, 2019 | 1 507.5 | 65.0 | 1 572.5 | |
| Impairments as of December 31, 2019 | 112.6 | - | 112.6 | |
| Depreciation | 142.2 | 18.4 | 160.6 | |
| Impairments | 107.4 | - | 107.4 | |
| Asset retirements- accumulated depreciation | (150.9) | - | (150.9) | |
| Asset retirements- accumulated impairment | (0.6) | - | (0.6) | |
| Depreciation as of December 31, 2020 | 1 498.8 | 83.4 | 1 582.2 | |
| Impairments as of December 31, 2020 | 219.4 | - | 219.4 | |
| Balance as of December 31, 2019 | 1 059.3 | 73.1 | 1 132.4 | |
| Balance as of December 31, 2020 | 832.4 | 65.6 | 898.0 |
For the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, Seismic vessels and equipment and Buildings, fixtures and furniture included the following right of use assets:
| Seismic vessels | Buildings, fixtures | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | and equipment | and furniture | Total |
| Cost as of January 1, 2019 | 148.0 | 61.2 | 209.2 |
| Additions | 3.5 | 1.4 | 4.9 |
| Remeasurement/Other | - | (1.2) | (1.2) |
| Cost as of December 31, 2019 | 151.5 | 61.4 | 212.9 |
| Additions | - | 0.8 | 0.8 |
| Remeasurement/Other | (0.8) | 4.9 | 4.1 |
| Asset retirements | (7.3) | (0.8) | (8.1) |
| Cost as of December 31, 2020 | 143.4 | 66.3 | 209.7 |
| Accumulated depreciation as of January 1, 2019 | 2.5 | - | 2.5 |
| Impairments as of January 1, 2019 | - | - | - |
| Depreciation | 27.7 | 13.7 | 41.4 |
| Impairments | - | - | - |
| Depreciation as of December 31, 2019 | 30.2 | 13.7 | 43.9 |
| Impairments as of December 31, 2019 | - | - | - |
| Depreciation | 18.6 | 13.2 | 31.8 |
| Impairments | 61.3 | - | 61.3 |
| Asset retirements | (7.3) | (0.4) | (7.7) |
| Depreciation as of December 31, 2020 | 41.5 | 26.5 | 68.0 |
| Impairments as of December 31, 2020 | 61.3 | - | 61.3 |
| Balance as of December 31, 2019 | 121.3 | 47.7 | 169.0 |
| Balance as of December 31, 2020 | 40.6 | 39.8 | 80.4 |
For more information on leases refer to note 23.
Management regularly evaluates its fleet plan and capital expenditure levels in light of market conditions. In 2020 and 2019 management performed such evaluations and made decisions which resulted in impairments of certain vessels in the fleet described below. Refer to note 3 for information.
PGS recorded aggregate impairment charges of \$107.4 million in 2020. The impairment primarily reflects a write-down to estimated recoverable value for the right-of-use assets of PGS Apollo and Sanco Swift, which were cold-stacked in Q2 2020. In addition, an impairment of \$30.0 million was recorded on two Ramform Titan-class vessels, mainly reflecting a higher estimated weighted average cost of capital and downward adjustment to future expected cash flows used for impairment testing.
| December 31, | ||
|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 |
| Titan vessels | 30.0 | - |
| PGS Apollo (right-of-use asset) | 44.0 | - |
| Sanco Swift (right-of-use asset) | 25.5 | - |
| Ramform Viking | 3.7 | - |
| Seismic equipment | 4.2 | - |
| Total impairment | 107.4 | - |
In November 2018, the Company committed to a plan to sell the seismic vessel, Ramform Sterling. The agreed sale price was approximately \$103 million and the vessel was delivered in April, 2019. The Company recognized a gain of \$1.8 million on the transaction. The first 76% installment of the approximately \$103 million sales price was received in 2019, which after costs to relocate and make the vessel ready for delivery gave a net cash flow to PGS of \$69.1 million reported in cash flow from investing activities in 2019. The remaining amount was received in April 2020.
The changes in the MultiClient library are as follows:
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 |
|---|---|---|
| Balance as of January 1, | 558.6 | 654.6 |
| Capitalized cash costs | 222.3 | 244.8 |
| Capitalized interest | 12.8 | 9.9 |
| Capitalized depreciation | 87.8 | 86.8 |
| Amortization expense | (125.4) | (206.5) |
| Accelerated amortization | (105.2) | (213.0) |
| Impairments (see note 8) | (34.9) | (17.9) |
| Other | 0.1 | (0.1) |
| Balance as of December 31, | 616.1 | 558.6 |
| The net carrying value of the MultiClient library, by the year of survey completion is as follows: | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| December 31, | |||
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 | |
| Completed surveys: | |||
| Completed during 2016 | - | 40.3 | |
| Completed during 2017 | 14.1 | 37.3 | |
| Completed during 2018 | 43.8 | 72.8 | |
| Completed during 2019 | 92.1 | 133.3 | |
| Completed during 2020 | 76.3 | - | |
| Completed surveys | 226.3 | 283.7 | |
| Surveys in progress | 389.8 | 274.9 | |
| MultiClient library | 616.1 | 558.6 | |
| Other non-current assets consist of the following: | December 31, | |
|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 |
| Investments in associated companies (a) | 9.6 | 38.1 |
| Other | 6.6 | 6.5 |
| Total | 16.2 | 44.6 |
(a) Specification of investments in and loans to equity accounted investments as follows:
| December 31, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | Net book value | Net book value | Ownership | Net book value | Ownership |
| Azimuth Ltd. | Bermuda | - | 35% | - | 35% |
| Azimuth II Ltd. | Bermuda | 5.6 | 35% | 29.8 | 35% |
| Azimuth III Ltd. | Bermuda | 0.5 | 44% | 6.7 | 44% |
| Other* | 3.5 | - | 1.6 | - | |
| Total | 9.6 | 38.1 |
* Includes investment in Ocean Geo-Frontier Co. Ltd.
PGS share of income (loss) from associated companies is as follows:
| Year ended December 31, 2020 | Year ended December 31, 2019 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | Profit (loss) for the year |
Adjustments (a) |
Share of income (loss) |
Profit (loss) for the year |
Adjustments (a) |
Share of income (loss) |
||
| Azimuth Ltd. | (0.2) | 0.2 | - | (0.8) | 0.8 | - | ||
| Azimuth II Ltd. | (23.0) | (1.2) | (24.2) | (5.8) | (4.9) | (10.7) | ||
| Azimuth III Ltd. | (7.3) | 1.0 | (6.3) | (4.6) | (5.6) | (10.2) | ||
| Other | 0.5 | - | 0.5 | 0.8 | - | 0.8 | ||
| Total | (30.0) | (20.1) |
(a) Adjustments relate to accounting for exploration costs in the Azimuth companies; losses on dilution of ownership and recoverable investment value; and loss limitation entries to reflect investment balance at no less than nil.
The Company owns 35% of Azimuth Limited, 35% of Azimuth II Limited and 44% of Azimuth III Limited, which together are the holding companies of the Azimuth Group. The remaining shares are held by a majority shareholder and minority shareholder comprised of employees of Azimuth. The investments are therefore accounted for as associated companies. The Azimuth Group consists of several operating entities, which invest in Exploration and Production ("E&P") companies and exploration assets.
Exploration costs, hereof seismic data and services purchased by Azimuth (including data and services purchased from PGS) is capitalized in the Azimuth financial statements and subject to impairment testing. In its equity method accounting for the investment in Azimuth, PGS charges to expense exploration costs, including seismic data and services purchased by Azimuth from PGS, which does not relate to specific licensed acreage.
In 2020 the Company recognized a loss in its investment in Azimuth III of \$28.2 million based upon an assessment of recoverable value.
As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, PGS' share of cumulative losses (as adjusted for PGS accounting principles) in Azimuth Limited exceeded PGS investment in that associate. Because PGS has no further obligation to fund its share of losses for Azimuth Limited, PGS' share of cumulative losses recognized from this associate are limited to its investment. Cumulative unrecognized losses amount to \$6.4 million and \$5.6 million as at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
The Company has contributed nil and \$0.5 million to the Azimuth Group in 2020 and 2019, respectively. During 2020 and 2019 the Azimuth Group purchased data and other services from the Company for \$0.4 million and \$0.8 million, respectively.
In 2018 the Company granted a loan to Azimuth in the amount of \$4.0 million. The receivable is non-interest bearing and convertible to shares at a given conversion price.
The Company has entered into a cooperation agreement whereby the Company provides certain services to the Azimuth Group. The Azimuth Group has the right to buy, for cash and at fair value, up to 50% of any future equity settlement that the Company may receive as payment for its library or services. The Company has a right, but no obligation to provide further funding of Azimuth Group and has no guarantees outstanding.
Ocean Geo-Frontier Co. Ltd is a joint venture established in 2019 to administer services provided by the Company, and its partners, to Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation ("JOGMEC"). The Company holds a 34% share.
The following table illustrates the summarized financial information (100% basis) as of December 31:
| Azimuth Limited | Azimuth II Limited | Azimuth III Limited | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 (preliminary) |
2019(a) | 2020 (preliminary) |
2019(a) | 2020 (preliminary) |
2019(a) | |
| Current assets | 0.3 | 0.3 | 15.8 | 15.4 | 3.1 | 3.2 | |
| Non-current assets | 5.5 | 5.8 | 95.4 | 105.9 | 12.5 | 20.0 | |
| Current liabilities | 0.3 | 0.2 | 16.4 | 15.9 | 50.0 | 50.1 | |
| Non-current liabilities | 7.1 | 6.0 | - | - | - | - | |
| Equity | (1.6) | (0.1) | 94.8 | 105.4 | (34.4) | (26.9) | |
| Revenue | - | - | - | - | - | 0.9 | |
| Operating expenses | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 7.5 | 11.4 | |
| Financial (income) expenses | 1.3 | 2.3 | 10.5 | 9.3 | - | - | |
| Income (loss) before tax | (1.5) | (2.6) | (10.6) | (9.6) | (7.5) | (10.5) | |
| Income tax | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| Profit (loss) for the year | (1.5) | (2.6) | (10.6) | (9.6) | (7.5) | (10.5) | |
| Other comprehensive income | - | (0.1) | - | (0.5) | - | - | |
| Total comprehensive income | (1.5) | (2.7) | (10.6) | (10.2) | (7.5) | (10.5) |
(a) The preliminary 2019 financial statements numbers for the Azimuth companies included in the 2019 Annual report have been updated to reflect final numbers.
The changes for the year in Investments in Associated Companies are as follows:
| December 31, | ||
|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 |
| Balance at January 1 | 38.1 | 57.7 |
| Investments | 2.0 | 0.5 |
| Impairment and share of results from associated companies | (30.0) | (20.1) |
| Dividend received | (0.5) | - |
| Other comprehensive income (loss) from associated companies | - | - |
| Other changes | - | - |
| Balance at December 31 | 9.6 | 38.1 |
The changes in other intangible assets are summarized as follows:
| Patents, licenses, | Intangible assets in | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | technology and other (b) | development | Total |
| Cost as of January 1, 2019 | 350.8 | 30.8 | 381.7 |
| Additions to costs | 2.4 | 8.0 | 10.4 |
| Asset retirements | (22.1) | - | (22.1) |
| Asset transfers | 1.4 | (1.4) | - |
| Cost as of December 31, 2019 | 332.5 | 37.4 | 370.0 |
| Additions to costs | - | 8.5 | 8.5 |
| Asset retirements | (1.0) | - | (1.0) |
| Asset transfers | 1.0 | (1.0) | - |
| Cost as of December 31, 2020 | 332.5 | 44.9 | 377.5 |
| Amortization as of January 1, 2019 (a) | 275.0 | - | 275.0 |
| Amortization expense | 15.9 | - | 15.9 |
| Asset retirements | (22.1) | - | (22.1) |
| Amortization as of December 31, 2019 (a) | 268.8 | - | 268.8 |
| Amortization expense | 15.6 | - | 15.6 |
| Asset retirements | (1.0) | - | (1.0) |
| Impairments | 1.0 | - | 1.0 |
| Amortization as of December 31, 2020 (a) | 284.4 | - | 284.4 |
| Balance as of December 31, 2019 | 63.7 | 37.4 | 101.2 |
| Balance as of December 31, 2020 | 48.1 | 44.9 | 93.1 |
| Estimated useful life | 1 to 15 years |
(a) The accumulated impairment charge on intangibles other than goodwill was \$ 165.8 and \$ 164.8 million as of December 31, 2020 and 2019.
(b) Includes net book value of approximately \$4.2 million relating to towed EM technology.
PGS recorded aggregate impairment charges of \$1 million in 2020 related to technology no longer expected to be utilized.
There were no impairments in 2019.
| December 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 | |
| Secured: | |||
| Term loan B, Libor + 250 Basis points, due 2021 | 2.0 | 377.0 | |
| Term loan B, Libor + 6-700 basis points (linked to total leverage ratio ("TLR"), due 2024 | 520.4 | - | |
| Export credit financing, due 2025 | 109.4 | 119.8 | |
| Export credit financing, due 2027 | 189.1 | 202.3 | |
| Revolving credit facility, due Sep 2020 | 135.2 | 180.0 | |
| Revolving credit facility, due Sep 2023 | 214.8 | ||
| Unsecured | |||
| Senior notes, Coupon 7.375%, due Dec 2020 | - | 212.0 | |
| Total loans and bonds, gross | 1 170.9 | 1 091.1 | |
| Less current portion | (1 150.4) | (443.2) | |
| Less deferred loan costs, net of debt premiums | (20.5) | (6.7) | |
| Non-current interest bearing debt | - | 641.2 |
| December 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 | |
| Secured | |||
| Revolving credit facility | - | 170.0 | |
| Unsecured | |||
| Bank facility (NOK 50 mill) | - | 5.7 | |
| Performance bond | 22.8 | 9.6 | |
| Total | 22.8 | 185.3 |
Summary of net interest bearing debt:
| December 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 | |
| Loans and bonds gross | (1 170.9) | (1 091.1) | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | 156.7 | 40.6 | |
| Restricted cash (current and non-current) | 76.6 | 43.0 | |
| Net interest bearing debt, excluding lease liabilities | (937.6) | (1 007.5) | |
| Lease liabilities current | (40.1) | (46.1) | |
| Lease liabilities non-current | (118.5) | (151.0) | |
| Net interest bearing debt, including lease liabilities | (1 096.2) | (1 204.6) | |
Reconciliation of debt arising from financing activities:
| Cash flows | Non-cash changes | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proceeds, | |||||||||
| net of | |||||||||
| deferred | |||||||||
| Net change | loan costs, | ||||||||
| of drawing | from | ||||||||
| Repayment | on the | issuance | |||||||
| of interest | Payment | Revolving | of non | Foreign | |||||
| January 1, | bearing | of lease | Credit | current | exchange | December | |||
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | debt | liabilities | Facility | debt | movement New leases | Other | 31, 2020 | |
| Debt to financial institutions | 873.7 | (28.3) | - | 170.0 | 124.2 | - | - | 10.8 | 1 150.4 |
| Bond debt | 210.7 | (212.0) | - | - | - | - | - | 1.3 | - |
| Lease liabilities | 197.1 | - | (43.1) | - | - | 0.4 | 0.8 | 3.4 | 158.6 |
| Total liabilities from financing activities | 1 281.5 | (240.3) | (43.1) | 170.0 | 124.2 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 15.5 | 1 309.0 |
| Cash flows | Non-cash changes | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proceeds, | |||||||||
| net of | |||||||||
| deferred | |||||||||
| Net change | loan costs, | ||||||||
| of drawing | from | ||||||||
| Repayment | on the | issuance | |||||||
| of interest | Payment | Revolving | of non | Foreign | |||||
| January 1, | bearing | of lease | Credit | current | exchange | December | |||
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2019 | debt | liabilities | Facility | debt | movement New leases | Other | 31, 2019 | |
| Debt to financial institutions | 1 005.2 | (51.2) | - | (85.0) | - | - | - | 4.7 | 873.7 |
| Bond debt | 210.7 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 210.7 |
| Lease liabilities | 241.7 | - | (44.8) | - | - | (0.5) | 4.8 | (4.1) | 197.1 |
| Total liabilities from financing activities | 1 457.6 | (51.2) | (44.8) | (85.0) | - | (0.5) | 4.8 | 0.6 | 1 281.5 |
At December 31, 2020, the Senior Secured Credit Facility (the "Credit Facility") as amended originated in 2007 and is currently comprised of a \$522.4 million Term Loan B (the "Term Loan" or "TLB") and a \$350.0 million Revolving Credit Facility (the "Revolving Credit Facility" or "RCF") with PGS ASA and PGS Finance, Inc., as co-borrowers. For comparison, at December 31, 2019, the Company had \$377.0 million outstanding under the TLB and \$180.0 million outstanding under the RCF. Borrowings under the Credit Facility are secured by pledges of substantially all assets of the Company except assets pledged to the Export Credit Loans (see below) for which it has an indirect 2nd lien pledge capturing values exceeding the export credit loans.
On February 18, 2020 the Credit Facility was amended and extended with revised terms and maturity dates as follows: (i) \$373 million of the existing \$377 million Term Loan B was extended and increased by \$150 million into a new Term Loan B with final maturity date of March 19, 2024; and (ii) \$215 million of the existing \$350 million RCF was extended to a new final maturity date September 18, 2023. \$4.0 million of the TLB and \$135 million of the RCF were not extended and remained with the maturity dates of March 19, 2021 and September 18, 2020, respectively.
Due to the dramatic negative market change caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, PGS initiated a process to renegotiate its main credit agreements extending its near-term debt maturities and amortization profiles to support its liquidity position (the "Transaction". The Company was not able to agree the revised terms with all lenders ahead of when the \$135 million was due in September. The non-payment of principal of such facility was an event of default under the RCF and TLB, with a cross default under the ECA. A required majority of lenders did enter into forbearance agreements undertaking not to take any enforcement action in connection with the ongoing default. Consequently, the Company was in default under the RCF, TLB and ECF as of December 31, 2020 and the Facilities were classified as current in the Statement of Financial Position.
As less than 100% of the RCF and TLB lenders consented to the amendments, the Company initiated a process to implement the transaction pursuant to an UK Scheme of Arrangement under English law upon approval of the English Court, after obtaining the required majority creditor consent (being minimum 75% by value and a majority in number of the total RCF and TLB voting in the Scheme (the "Scheme")). The Scheme enabled the Transaction in respect of the RCF and TLB to be implemented and bind all RCF and TLB lenders (including those who voted against or did not vote).
On February 2, 2021 the Scheme was sanctioned by an English court allowing the implementation of the financing transaction announced on October 21, 2020 with main terms as listed below. The Scheme had support of lenders to the RCF/TLB facilities representing 95.3% by value of debt and 99.5% by number of creditors voting. The transaction closed and took effect February 9, 2021. With the transaction, PGS has extended its near-term maturity and amortization profile under its RCF/TLB and ECF facilities by approximately two years.
The \$135 million RCF due 2020 and \$215 million RCF due 2023, and the remaining \$2 million of the TLB not extended in February 2020, due 2021 are converted into a new TLB on the same terms and conditions as the existing TLB. Petroleum Geo-Services AS is replacing PGS ASA as the Norwegian borrower, PGS Finance Inc. continues as US Borrower and PGS Holding II Ltd enters as UK Co-Borrower. The TLB facility is guaranteed by all material subsidiaries except PGS Titans AS, holding the four titan-class vessels financed by four export credit loans (see below).
The total debt under the new TLB facilities (including PIK fees and offsetting exchange of loans into the CB as described below) of \$ 873.0 million maturing in March 2024 will have the following amortization profile payable pro-rata to all TLB lenders:
\$135 million amortization payment due in September 2022
\$200 million amortization payment due in September 2023
\$9.2 million quarterly amortization starting March 2023.
In addition, the current excess cash flow sweep for the RCF/TLB facilities is replaced by an excess liquidity sweep for any liquidity reserve in excess of \$200 million at each quarter end, with such amounts to be applied against (i) the deferred amounts under the ECF (ref below) and (ii) the \$ 135 million TLB amortization due in September 2020, until they have both been paid in full. Thereafter, any liquidity reserve in excess of \$175 million at each quarter end will be applied against the remaining TLB amortizations.
The financial maintenance covenants will be amended, with the maximum Total Net Leverage Ratio to be 4.5x through June 30, 2021, 4.25x through December 31, 2021, 3.25x through December 31, 2022 and 2.75x thereafter. The minimum liquidity covenant will continue to be \$ 75 million in unrestricted cash and cash equivalents with an extra reporting obligation if cash and cash equivalents falls below \$ 115 million. There are customary cure periods and provisions.
The margin on the TLB is based on a pricing grid as follows: if Total Gross Leverage Ratio (hereafter "Level I) is above 1.75:1.0 the margin is 7.0%; above 1.25:1.0 and less than or equal to 1.75:1.0, the margin is 6.50%; and less than or equal to 1.25:1.0, the margin is 6.00%. The Total Gross Leverage Ratio is defined as the consolidated indebtedness, net of restricted cash held for debt service in respect of the Export Credit financing, to consolidated adjusted EBITDA less non -pre-funded MultiClient library investments. Total Net Leverage Ratio as referenced above and below allows in addition for the deduction of unrestricted cash and cash equivalents from consolidated indebtedness.
If the corporate family rating from Moody's or Standard & Poor's is below B3/B- stable outlook, the credit margin on the TLB will be 7.5%. The Company may only access the minimum margin of 6% if the ratings from Moody's and Standard & Poor's are at least B2 stable and B stable, respectively. Moody's and Standard & Poor's rating as of February 17, 2021 are Caa1 and CCC+ (both with negative outlook), respectively. The Credit Facility contains financial covenants and negative covenants that restrict the Company in various ways. The facility provides that:
i) The Company may not incur senior secured debt other than as replacement of existing secured debt, with certain exceptions among such being assumed debt acquired through entities merged or acquired as long as the Total Net Leverage Ratio on a proforma basis does not exceed 2.0:1.0 and such transaction is accretive (i.e., does not increase the leverage ratio proforma); and leases defined as operational leases under the definition existing prior to IFRS 16. Subject to certain exceptions, the Company may not incur further junior secured or senior unsecured debt if the total net leverage ratio exceeds 2.00:1.
ii) The Company may not pay dividends or similar (with certain exceptions) until February 9, 2023. Thereafter, dividend payments or similar are permitted out of cumulative distributable earnings (as defined by the agreement) as long as total net leverage ratio is not greater than 2.0:1.0. On or after March 31, 2023 if net leverage ratio is below 1.0:1.0 there is no restriction on dividend payments or similar. Cumulative distributable earnings, as defined, primarily comprises 50% of Net Income and accumulates over time starting October 1, 2019.
In addition, the Credit Facility restricts or could restrict our ability, among other things, to sell assets without the sales proceeds being reinvested in the business or used to repay debt; issue preferred shares; prepay interest and principal on our other indebtedness; create liens on assets; make investments, loans, guarantees or advances; make acquisitions; engage in mergers or consolidations; enter into sale and leaseback transactions; engage in transactions with affiliates; amend material agreements governing our indebtedness; change our business; enter into agreements that restrict dividends from subsidiaries; and enter into speculative financial derivative agreements.
During 2020, and until it was converted into a TLB on February 9, 2021, the \$215 million RCF had an interest rate on drawn (borrowed) amounts based on LIBOR plus a margin and a utilization fee. The undrawn amount was subject to a commitment fee. The margin on the drawn amount was based on a leverage grid. During the first quarter of 2020 a margin of 6% was applied, whilst the margin was 6,5% for the remainder of 2020. The RCF was subject to a utilization fee based upon the total amount drawn as follows. For the two first months of 2020 a utilization fee of 0.5% was paid and from March 2020 the RCF was fully drawn and a utilization fee of 0.75% was paid. The RCF facility has in addition a commitment fee on undrawn amounts of 40% of the applicable margin. The \$135 million non-extended RCF was subject to a margin of 3.75%, the same utilization fee as the extended RCF; and a commitment fee on the undrawn amount of 50% of the applicable margin. The extended and non-extended RCF were drawn pro rata during 2020. The \$523 million extended and increased TLB carried a floating interest rate of LIBOR plus a margin based on the same leverage grid as the extended RCF. During the first quarter of 2020 a margin of 7.0% applied whilst for the rest of 2020 a margin of 7.5% applied to the extended TLB. The \$3 million non-extended TLB maturing March 19, 2021 carried a margin of 2.5%
The Term Loan principal amortizing profile was 1% per annum paid quarterly during 2020, but no amortization was paid for the 3rd or 4th quarters (see above with reference to the forbearance agreement).
On December 23, 2016, the Company issued \$212.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 7.375% Senior Notes due 2020 (the "New Notes") as part of the Exchange Offer in an offering that was not subject to the registration requirements of the U.S. Securities Act. The New Notes were admitted to listing on the Official List of the Luxembourg Stock Exchange and to trading on the Euro MTF market of the Luxembourg Stock Exchange.
On February 7, 2020 the Senior Notes were called for redemption and were repaid in full at par value plus accrued interest on February 18, 2020.
The Export credit financing arrangement comprises four loans each with Japan Bank for International Cooperation ("JBIC") and Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation ("SMBC"), with an aggregate value at inception of \$544.2 million. The loans were incurred by the subsidiary, PGS Titans AS, for the financing of the four Ramform Titan class vessels. PGS ASA guarantees the obligations under two internal 12-year bareboat charter agreements between PGS Falcon AS and PGS Titans AS for the two vessels, the Ramform Titan and the Ramform Atlas, and guarantees the loans financing for the Ramform Tethys and the Ramform Hyperion. The loans are senior facilities secured by first priority mortgages over the vessels and fittings on board (but excluding "in sea" equipment such as streamers), pledge of the borrower's right under a debt service reserve account and assignment of insurance rights in the vessels. The loans will be repaid over 12 years in equal semiannual installments and each are comprised of two tranches whereby JBIC and SMBC each receive 50%. The JBIC tranche bears a fixed interest and is repaid from the 7th to 12th year after draw down, while the SMBC tranche bears a floating interest based on 6 months Libor plus a margin and is repaid from 1st to 6th year after draw down. SMBC has received credit insurance from Nippon Export and Investment Insurance ("NEXI") and the insurance premium is paid by PGS Titans AS.
With the completion of the Transaction effective February 9, 2021, described above, the repayment profile of the loans was altered. All scheduled installments for the period September 2020 to September 2022 amounting to ~\$ 106 million are deferred. The original semiannual repayment profile will resume from December 2022. The deferred instalments will be repaid over four quarters starting December 2022 through September 2023. The export credit loans will share an excess liquidity sweep for any liquidity reserve in excess of \$200 million at each quarter end, with such amounts to be applied against (i) the deferred amounts under the ECF and (ii) the \$ 135 million TLB amortization due in September 2020, until these amounts have both been paid in full. With the transaction, PGS ASA will also guarantee the loans financing for the Ramform Titan and the Ramform Atlas, and each of PGS Holding I Ltd, PGS Holding II Ltd and Petroleum Geo-Services AS will guarantee for the loans financing for the Ramform Titan, Ramform Atlas, Ramform Tethys and Ramform Hyperion.
With the transaction, the export credit lenders have also received enhanced security by certain shared security with the TLB.
Under the deferral period the export credit financing loans will have the same financial maintenance and reporting covenants as the Credit Facility.
The Company has \$30.0 million uncommitted bid and performance bond facilities (\$30 million in 2019) intended for operational use. Drawings under these facilities totaled \$7.2 million and \$20.4 million as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. During 2020, the Company was required to deposit cash collateral to cover new or amended bonds drawn under this facility. As of December 31, 2020 the Company had deposited \$5.1 million which is included in Restricted Cash (see note 14).
The Company had aggregate outstanding letters of credit and similar guarantees (incl. the \$7.2 million and \$20.4 million above), not reflected in the accompanying consolidated statements of financial position, of \$7.2 million and \$20.6 million as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
PGS ASA has guaranteed the payment obligation under the lease of PGS Apollo (see note 23).
The Company classifies financial instruments carried at fair value in the consolidated statement of financial position using the Fair Value Hierarchy.
Level 1: quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.
Level 2: assets and liabilities whose values are based on quoted prices in markets that are not active or model inputs that are observable
either directly or indirectly.
Level 3: techniques for which all inputs which have a significant effect on the recorded fair value that is not based on observable market data.
| December 31, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hierarchy | Nominal | Fair | Nominal | Fair | |
| (In millions of US dollars) | Level | value | values | value | values |
| FINANCIAL ASSETS | |||||
| At fair value through profit and loss | |||||
| Foreign exchange contracts | 2 | - | - | 1.3 | 1.3 |
| Derivatives designated as hedging instruments | |||||
| Foreign exchange contracts | 2 | - | - | - | - |
| Interest rate swaps | 2 | - | - | - | - |
| Total | - | - | 1.3 | 1.3 | |
| FINANCIAL LIABILITIES Financial liabilities at amortized cost |
|||||
| Debt with fixed interest rate | 2 | (256.5) | (256.5) | (478.9) | (472.9) |
| Debt with variable interest rate | 2 | (914.4) | (825.1) | (612.2) | (588.7) |
| Lease liabilities | 2 | (158.6) | (158.6) | (197.1) | (197.1) |
| At fair value through profit and loss | |||||
| Foreign exchange contracts | 2 | - | - | (0.2) | (0.2) |
| Interest rate swaps | 2 | - | - | (2.3) | (2.3) |
| Derivatives designated as hedging instruments | |||||
| Foreign exchange contracts | 2 | - | - | (0.2) | (0.2) |
| Interest rate swaps | 2 | (6.7) | (6.7) | - | - |
| Total | (1 336.2) | (1 246.9) | (1 290.9) | (1 261.4) |
The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accrued revenues and other receivables, other current assets, accounts payable and accrued expenses classified at amortized cost approximate their respective fair values because of the short maturities of those instruments.
The fair values of the non-current debt instruments, forward exchange contracts and interest rate swaps are estimated using quotes obtained from dealers in such financial instruments or latest quoted prices or indexes at Reuters or Bloomberg. Where market prices are not observed or quotes from dealers are not obtained, an indirect method is used by use of implied credit spread from debt instrument with similar risk characteristics.
The Company's objectives when managing capital are to safeguard the Company's ability to continue as a going concern in order to repay or be able to refinance debt when it falls due and provide returns for shareholders such as dividends, after reaching a target net debt level (excluding lease obligations) of \$500–600 million, and work towards an optimal capital structure to reduce the cost of capital.
The management of the capital structure involves active monitoring and adjustments in light of changes in economic conditions and the risk characteristics of the underlying assets. In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure the Company may refinance its debt, buy or issue new shares or debt instruments, sell assets or return capital to shareholders.
The Company monitors debt on the basis of the leverage ratio and other covenants in credit agreements. The Total Net Leverage Ratio ("TNLR") is calculated as the consolidated indebtedness, net of restricted cash held for debt service in respect of the Export Credit financing and unrestricted cash and cash equivalents, divided by adjusted EBITDA less non-pre-funded MultiClient library investments. This covenant is suspended for December 31, 2020.
In addition, the Company monitors leverage based on net debt. Net debt is calculated as total debt (including short-term and non-current debt as reported in the consolidated statement of financial position) less cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash. During 2018, taking into account experience from the down cycle and with a view that the Company's markets will continue to be cyclical in the future, the Company has adopted a strategic target to over time reduce Net Interest-Bearing Debt to a level, excluding lease obligations, not exceeding \$500-600 million, assuming the current size and composition of business activities. As a result, the Company will give higher priority to profitability, cash flow generation and debt reduction than business growth until it reaches a lower debt level. while PGS has adjusted expenditures to mitigate the impact of lower revenues, it will need a market recovery to continue significant debt repayments.
The Company is exposed to market risks such as interest rate risk, foreign exchange rate risk, credit risk and liquidity risk. The Company's risk management policies are approved by the Board of Directors. The treasury function reports regularly to the Company management and any breach of limits set in the policy are required to be reported to the Board of Directors.
The Company is subject to interest rate risk on debt, including lease liabilities. The risk is managed by using a combination of fixed -and variable rate debt, together with interest rate swaps, where appropriate, to fix or lower the borrowing costs.
| December 31, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Notional amounts |
Weighted average interest rate |
Notional amounts |
Weighted average interest rate |
||
| Debt at fixed interest rate | 256.5 | 3.03% | 478.9 | 4.94% | |
| Debt at variable interest rate based on US dollar plus a margin | 689.4 | 6.64% | 487.2 | 4.64% | |
| Variable interest rate debt with interest fixed | 225.0 | 1.93% | 125.0 | 2.38% |
After giving effect to the Company's interest rate swaps, for every one-percentage point hypothetical increase in LIBOR, the annual net interest expense on variable rate debt, inclusive non-restricted cash holdings, would have increased by \$4.9 million and \$4.1 million approximately measured from December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Taken into account the refinancing transaction described above the interest cost sensitivity described above would be \$4.9 million.
The Company is exposed to currency fluctuation due to the effects of a predominantly USD based revenue stream, while the Company's operating expenses and capital expenditures are mainly denominated in USD, GBP, NOK and EUR. The Company maintains a foreign currency risk management strategy that normally uses foreign currency exchange contracts to reduce volatility in the income statement and protect against fluctuations in cash flow caused by volatility in currency exchange rates. The Company does not currently have any bank lines available to hedge currency exposures, but has used cash where possible to offset material exposures. The Company had open forward contracts to buy and sell GBP, NOK, BRL, JPY at December 31, 2019. The Company did not have any open forward contracts as of December 31, 2020. The table shows exposures and foreign exchange contracts in currencies that the Company hedges on a regular basis.
| December 31, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (in millions, local currency) | NOK | GBP | BRL | JPY | NOK | GBP | BRL | JPY |
| Restricted cash | 36.7 | - | 99.7 | - | 36.9 | - | - | - |
| Cash held as hedges | 89.4 | 29.4 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Current assets | 11.8 | 2.0 | 131.6 | - | 17.1 | 2.1 | 62.4 | 2 767.6 |
| Current liabilities | (133.4) | (0.7) | (2.2) | - | (192.5) | (0.7) | (15.1) | (3.4) |
| Pension liabilities | (28.9) | (31.4) | - | - | (31.0) | (26.7) | - | - |
| Finance leases | (380.9) | (4.3) | (3.0) | - | (521.8) | (6.1) | (4.3) | (9.1) |
| Other non-current liabilities | - | (2.6) | - | - | (25.5) | (2.6) | - | - |
| Net statements of financial position exposure | (405.3) | (7.6) | 226.1 | - | (716.8) | (34.0) | 43.0 | 2 755.1 |
| Hedged committed operational cash flow and capital expenditure: | ||||||||
| Next year | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 1-2 years | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2-3 years | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Net forward commitments | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Forward exchange contracts | - | - | - | - | 118.0 | 29.9 | (50.0) (2 621.3) | |
| Net exposure | (405.3) | (7.6) | 226.1 | - | (598.8) | (4.1) | (7.0) | 133.8 |
The following analysis illustrates the sensitivity of changes in relevant foreign exchange rates, after the impact of hedging. All other variables remain constant. The sensitivity analysis is based on the Company's financial assets and liabilities held as of the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019. The foreign exchange rate analysis assumes a 10% depreciation in USD.
| December 31, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (in millions, local currency) | NOK | GBP | BRL | JPY | NOK | GBP | BRL | JPY |
| Impact on profit before tax: Gain / (loss) | (5.3) | (1.0) | 4.8 | - | (7.6) | (0.5) | (0.2) | 0.1 |
| Average rate | Year end spot rate | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 2019 | 2020 | 2019 | ||
| USD / NOK | 9.445 | 8.788 | 8.548 | 8.787 | |
| GBP / USD | 1.284 | 1.277 | 1.365 | 1.314 | |
| USD / BRL | 5.053 | 3.932 | 5.191 | 4.021 | |
| USD / JPY | 106.68 | 109.10 | 103.14 | 108.60 |
Credit risk is the risk that counterparties to financial instruments do not perform according to the terms of the contract. The approximate maximum credit exposure related to financial assets is as follows:
| December 31, | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 | ||
| Cash and cash equivalents | 156.7 | 40.6 | ||
| Restricted cash (note 14) | 76.6 | 43.0 | ||
| Accounts receivable | 100.6 | 191.1 | ||
| Accrued revenues and other receivables (note 15) | 57.3 | 118.5 | ||
| Total | 391.2 | 393.2 |
The Company continually monitors the counterparty credit risk of banking partners, including derivatives counterparties and the institutions in which cash is held on deposit.
Trade receivables are primarily with multinational integrated oil companies and independent oil and natural gas companies, including companies owned in whole or in part by governments. As of December 31, 2020, approximately 58% of the balance relates to 5 customers.
The aging of trade receivables is as follows:
| December 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 | |
| Current | 88.6 | 167.8 | |
| Up to one month past due | 2.1 | 3.2 | |
| Between one and two months past due | 2.1 | 9.3 | |
| More than three months past due | 12.5 | 15.7 | |
| Allowance for doubtful accounts | (4.7) | (4.9) | |
| Total | 100.6 | 191.1 |
The Company provides for expected credit losses through a loss allowance, which is based on the lifetime expected credit losses at the reporting date. The Company assesses expected credit losses using factors including aging of accounts, historical experience, customer concentration, customer creditworthiness and current industry and economic trends. The provision for expected credit losses is related to receivables more than three months past due.
For accrued revenues, the Company has assessed the collectability prior to recognizing the revenue and assessed credit risk on the same basis as trade receivables. There is no allowance related to accrued revenues as of December 31, 2020 and 2019.
The Company is also exposed to credit risk from off-balance sheet items such as agreements to provide future services to customers and counterparties on derivatives and where cash is held on deposit. The Company manages its exposure to such risks through continuous monitoring of counterparties.
The Company tries to minimize liquidity risk through ensuring access to a diversified set of funding sources, and management of maturity profile on debt and derivatives. The Company is exposed to liquidity risk related to the following:
| December 31, 2020 | Contractual cash flows* | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | Nominal value |
Notional value |
Total 0-1 years 1-2 years 2-3 years 3-4 years 4-5 years Thereafter | ||||||
| Non-derivative financial liabilities | |||||||||
| Trade payables | (31.2) | - | (31.2) | (31.2) | - | - | - | - | - |
| Debt with fixed interest rates | (256.5) | - | (258.8) | (258.8) | - | - | - | - | - |
| Debt with variable interest rates | (914.4) | - | (924.3) | (924.3) | - | - | - | - | - |
| Total | (1 202.1) | - (1 214.2) (1 214.2) | - | - | - | - | - | ||
| Derivative financial assets/liabilities | |||||||||
| Interest rate swaps hedge accounted | (6.7) | 225.0 | (6.7) | (3.9) | (2.5) | (0.3) | - | - | - |
| Forward exchange contracts used for hedging | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Other foreign exchange contracts | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Total | (6.7) | 225.0 | (6.7) | (3.9) | (2.5) | (0.3) | - | - | - |
*Refer to note 21 for further information on debt classification.
| December 31, 2019 | Contractual cash flows | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | Nominal value |
Notional value |
Total 0-1 years 1-2 years 2-3 years 3-4 years 4-5 years Thereafter | ||||||
| Non-derivative financial liabilities | |||||||||
| Trade payables | (56.1) | - | (56.1) | (56.1) | - | - | - | - | - |
| Debt with fixed interest rates | (478.9) | - | (530.6) | (256.5) | (31.8) | (48.2) | (52.6) | (51.2) | (90.3) |
| Debt with variable interest rates | (612.2) | - | (641.5) | (235.7) | (399.9) | (5.9) | - | - | - |
| Total | (1 147.2) | - (1 228.2) | (548.3) | (431.7) | (54.1) | (52.6) | (51.2) | (90.3) | |
| Derivative financial assets/liabilities | |||||||||
| Interest rate swaps hedge accounted | (2.3) | 125.0 | (2.3) | (0.8) | (1.0) | (0.5) | - | - | - |
| Forward exchange contracts used for hedging | (0.2) | 24.0 | (0.2) | (0.2) | - | - | - | - | - |
| Other foreign exchange contracts | 1.1 | 83.7 | 1.1 | 1.1 | - | - | - | - | - |
| Total | (1.4) | 232.7 | (1.4) | 0.1 | (1.0) | (0.5) | - | - | - |
As of December 31, 2020, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of \$156.7 million and a total liquidity reserve, including available unutilized drawings of the RCF, of nil, compared to \$40.6 million and \$170 million respectively at year-end 2019. The Company has a structured approach to monitoring of credit risk against financial counterparties and has no reason to doubt their ability to meet their funding commitments if and when called upon to do so. Subsequent to completion of the amendments described in note 21 the RCF, fully drawn, was converted to a Term Loan February 9, 2021.
The Company has, subject to completion as described in note 21, addressed the liquidity risk arising from the current market situation by negotiating debt amortization holidays until September 2022. The Company also has taken steps to reduce its costs in order to enable the company to preserve sufficient liquidity during the current downturn. There is a risk, dependent on the length and magnitude of the current downturn, that the measures taken may not be sufficient. If so, the company may breach its liquidity covenant, representing an event of default under the TLB and ECA. Should such a risk become significant, the company would seek to further amend its loan facilities. If the company ultimately ends up breaching this covenant, the breach would represent a default under most of its current loan agreements and debt instruments.
Based on its forecasts, the Company expects to comply with the financial maintenance covenants and expects to be able to address maturities when they resume in the second half of 2022 through cash generation and/or refinancing.
However, even with the debt rescheduling, the Company remains highly leveraged and may become financially challenged should it not comply with the applicable financial maintenance covenants or ultimately fail to generate sufficient cash flow and/or refinance to address the amended amortization and maturity profiles. The Company expects to comply with financial covenants based on its forecasts, but in the event that it cannot, the Company believes it would have several viable alternatives such as negotiating further extensions with its lenders. Consequently, the Board does not consider there to be a material uncertainty related to Going Concern, and as such the Going Concern assumption to be appropriate.
Based on available liquidity resources and the structure and terms of the Company's debt after implementation of the debt rescheduling (see more details in the section "Cash Flow, Financial Position and Financing"), it is the Board's opinion that PGS has sufficient funding and liquidity to support the Company's operations and investment programs.
In December 2016, the Company entered into interest rate swaps, with a total notional amount of \$125 million, to fix the interest rate on part of its floating rate debt, which matured in June 2019. The fair value of the interest rate swaps was recorded in other comprehensive income as the effective portion of the designated and qualifying hedging instrument. The profit and loss impact of the cash flow hedges are estimated to be in the same year as the effect of the cash flows.
The Company has not excluded any components of the derivative instruments' gain or loss from the assessment of hedge effectiveness with respect to the qualifying interest rate swaps. These hedges were replaced in April 2019 with interest rate swaps with the same notional amount, which started at the expiry of the original swaps. The hedges were not designated as hedging instruments and the change in fair value of these swaps was taken directly through the Income Statement. In February 2020 the Company entered into additional interest rate swaps, with a total notional amount of \$100 million, to fix the interest rate on part of its floating rate debt. All of the interest rate swaps were designated as hedging instruments after the refinancing of the TLB in February 2020. The negative market value of the existing swaps at the time of designation was \$2.8 million, which was taken through the Income Statement, all subsequent change in fair value of these swaps were recorded in other comprehensive income as the effective portion of the designated and qualifying hedging instrument.
The interest rate swaps from 2019 and 2020 had a negative fair value of \$6.8 and \$2.3 million recorded in the Income Statement at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
The majority of revenues are in USD. The company previously entered into derivatives accounted for under fair value hedge relationships to hedge the currency risk. The Company has no foreign exchange rate hedging as of December 31, 2020.
A summary of fair value hedging relationships follows:
| December 31, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | Notional value |
Fair value | Change in fair value |
Notional value |
Fair value | Change in fair value |
||
| Foreign currency derivatives designated | ||||||||
| as cash flow hedging instruments | - | - | - | 24.0 | (0.2) | 2.4 | ||
| Foreign currency derivatives not designated as hedges | - | - | - | 83.7 | 1.1 | 2.3 | ||
The following analysis illustrates the sensitivity of changes in the Company's foreign currency derivatives. The foreign exchange rate analysis assumes a 10% change in NOK, GBP, BRL and JPY exchange rates. The Company has no foreign exchange rate hedging using currency derivatives as of December 31, 2020.
| (In millions of US dollars) | 10% depreciation of USD | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| December 31, 2020 | NOK | GBP | BRL | JPY | |||
| Gross effect | - | - | - | - | |||
| Impact on profit before tax: gain/(loss) | - | - | - | - | |||
| Impact on other comprehensive income | - | - | - | - | |||
| Gross effect | 1.3 | 3.9 | (1.2) | (2.4) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Impact on profit before tax: gain/(loss) | 1.3 | 3.9 | (1.2) | - |
| Impact on other comprehensive income | - | - | - | (2.4) |
The Company has lease contracts for various items of seismic vessels, equipment and buildings used in its operations. Leases of seismic vessels have lease terms between 2 and 10 years, while buildings and equipment generally have lease terms between 1-15 years and 1-6 years. There are several lease contracts that include extension and termination options which are further described below.
The Company also has certain leases with lease terms of 12 months or less and leases of equipment with low value. The Company applies the 'shortterm lease' and 'lease of low-value assets' recognition exemptions for these leases.
Set out below are the carrying amounts of right-of-use assets recognised and the movements during the period:
| Seismic vessels | Buildings, fixtures | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | and equipment | and furniture | Total |
| Balance as of January 1, 2019 | 145.5 | 61.2 | 206.7 |
| Additions (note 17) | 3.5 | 1.4 | 4.9 |
| Remeasurement/Other (note 17) | - | (1.2) | (1.2) |
| Depreciation expense (note 17) | (27.7) | (13.7) | (41.4) |
| Balance as of December 31, 2019 | 121.3 | 47.7 | 169.0 |
| Additions (note 17) | - | 0.8 | 0.8 |
| Remeasurement/Other (note 17) | (0.8) | 4.5 | 3.7 |
| Impairment expense (note 17) | (61.3) | - | (61.3) |
| Depreciation expense (note 17) | (18.6) | (13.2) | (31.8) |
| Balance as of December 31, 2020 | 40.6 | 39.8 | 80.4 |
Set out below are the carrying amounts of lease liabilities and the movements during the period:
| 2020 | 2019 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | Seismic vessels and equipment |
Buildings, fixtures and furniture |
Total | Seismic vessels and equipment |
Buildings, fixtures and furniture |
Total | |
| Balance as of January 1 | 137.4 | 59.7 | 197.1 | 169.9 | 71.8 | 241.7 | |
| Additions | - | 0.8 | 0.8 | 3.5 | 1.3 | 4.8 | |
| Interest | 7.6 | 3.1 | 10.7 | 9.9 | 3.9 | 13.8 | |
| Lease payments | (37.3) | (16.5) | (53.8) | (40.0) | (18.6) | (58.6) | |
| Remeasurements | (1.1) | 4.9 | 3.8 | (5.9) | 1.3 | (4.6) | |
| Balance as of December 31 | 106.6 | 52.0 | 158.6 | 137.4 | 59.7 | 197.1 |
| December 31, 2020 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | Seismic vessels and equipment |
Buildings, fixtures and furniture |
Total | |
| Less than one year | 31.4 | 16.9 | 48.3 | |
| One to five years | 89.5 | 32.9 | 122.4 | |
| More than five years | - | 10.0 | 10.0 | |
| Total | 120.9 | 59.8 | 180.7 |
| December 31, 2019 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | Seismic vessels and equipment |
Buildings, fixtures and furniture |
Total | ||
| Less than one year | 39.1 | 17.2 | 56.3 | ||
| One to five years | 111.6 | 39.5 | 151.1 | ||
| More than five years | 9.3 | 14.7 | 24.0 | ||
| Total | 160.0 | 71.4 | 231.4 |
The following are the amounts recognised in profit and loss:
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 |
|---|---|---|
| Interest on lease liabilities adopted under IFRS 16 | 10.7 | 13.8 |
| Expenses relating to short term and low value leases | 17.8 | 26.7 |
| Depreciation expense of right-of-use assets | 31.8 | 41.4 |
| Impairment expense of right-of-use assets | 61.3 | - |
| Total | 121.6 | 81.9 |
The Company had total cash outflows for leases of \$71.6 million in 2020, and \$85.3 million in 2019. The Company also had non-cash additions to rightof-use assets and lease liabilities of \$0.8 million in 2020 and \$4.9 million in 2019.
The Company leases four seismic support vessels under time-charter agreements which expire in 2024-2025. The lessor holds options to purchase each vessel from the 3rd party owner at certain times during each lease and at the end of the lease term. At the end of each lease, the 3rd party owner may also require the lessor to purchase the vessel for a pre-determined amount. Should the lessor not purchase the vessel, the 3rd party owner may require PGS to purchase the vessel for a price of \$5.5 million which is estimated to be less than fair value.
The Company leases one 3D vessel, Sanco Swift, under a time charter agreement which expires in 2023. The Sanco Swift agreement has two 2-year renewal options.
In 2015, the Company entered into a sale and operating bareboat leaseback for the 3D vessel PGS Apollo. The remaining leaseback period is 4.5 years, expiring in 2025, with an option to extend for a 5-year period. PGS has the option but no obligation, to acquire the vessel after the end of year 8 (in 2023).
Set out below are the undiscounted potential future rental payments relating to periods following the exercise date of extension and termination options, irrespective of likelihood they will be exercised, that are not included in the lease term:
| December 31, 2020 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | Within five years | More than five years | Total | |
| Extension options expected not to be exercised | 197.7 | 84.5 | 282.2 | |
| Termination options expected to be exercised | - | - | - | |
| Total | 197.7 | 84.5 | 282.2 |
| December 31, 2019 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | Within five years | More than five years | Total |
| Extension options expected not to be exercised | 252.7 | 92.6 | 345.3 |
| Termination options expected to be exercised | - | - | - |
| Total | 252.7 | 92.6 | 345.3 |
The Company has ongoing tax disputes related to charter of vessels into Brazil. The assessments, which inter alia seek to levy 15% withholding tax and 10% CIDE (service) tax, amount to \$35.6 million in total. The Company made a legal deposit amounting to \$17.7 million in 2020 to challenge one of the disputes in court. The deposit is held in an interest-bearing bank account with a commercial bank. Since the Company considers it more likely than not that these contingencies will be resolved in its favor, no provision has been made for any portion of the exposure.
Following the demerger of Petrojarl (today part of Teekay) in 2006, the Company retained a joint secondary liability for certain obligations of Petrojarl. Petrojarl agreed to indemnify the Company from liabilities related to its operations. The Company remains with a joint secondary liability with Petrojarl under their FPSO service agreement with the customer for the Petrojarl Banff FPSO. The guarantee is not capped. If the claim is made and Petrojarl does not honor its obligation to indemnify PGS, it could adversely affect the Company's business, results of operation or financial condition.
Accrued expenses consist of the following:
| December 31, | |
|---|---|
| 2020 | 2019 |
| 19.3 | 27.3 |
| 17.8 | 35.6 |
| 13.8 | 33.9 |
| 12.7 | 6.8 |
| 9.2 | 4.8 |
| 6.1 | 1.3 |
| 1.8 | 2.3 |
| 1.1 | 4.1 |
| 0.6 | 8.9 |
| 13.1 | 3.2 |
| 95.5 | 128.2 |
Other non-current liabilities consist of the following:
| December 31, | ||
|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 |
| Pension liability (note 26) | 46.3 | 38.6 |
| Provision for onerous lease contracts, service component | - | 2.9 |
| Other | 13.0 | 8.7 |
| Total | 59.3 | 50.2 |
The Company operates a defined benefit pension plan in the UK. The defined benefit plan was closed to new entrants in 2006 and to further vesting in 2015. The plan is administered through a pension trust which is legally separate from the Company. It is the Company's general practice to fund defined benefit plans in accordance with applicable statutory requirements.
In addition, as described in note 30, the CEO and one executive officer have an early retirement plan allowing for termination of employment without cause when the CEO or the executive officer reaches the age of 62. Full early retirement benefits are defined as 60% of the last base salary beginning in the year of retirement. The CEO is eligible for 85% of full benefits if he retires at the age of 62 and full benefits if he retires at the age of 65. The executive officer is eligible for full benefits if he retires at the age of 62. The early retirement benefits cease when the CEO and executive officer reach the age of 67.
The actuarial valuations are performed by independent actuaries in Norway and UK.
Actuarial valuations as applied in the consolidated financial statements are based upon financial and demographic assumptions which may be impacted by future events. Such future events include, but are not limited to, longer than expected longevity of participants, lower than expected return on investments and higher than expected inflation. Changes to assumptions may increase the liabilities or reduce the value of assets of the plan.
A summary of changes in the plans' aggregate projected benefit obligations and fair values of assets are summarized as follows:
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 |
|---|---|---|
| Projected benefit obligations (PBO) as of January 1, (a) | 202.3 | 170.6 |
| Service cost | 0.1 | 0.2 |
| Interest cost | 4.2 | 5.1 |
| Social security tax | - | - |
| Actuarial loss (gain), arising from changes in financial assumptions | 37.7 | 23.7 |
| Actuarial loss (gain), arising from changes in demographic assumptions | (16.5) | - |
| Actuarial loss (gain) due to scheme experience | (2.6) | (1.3) |
| Benefits paid | (3.6) | (3.6) |
| Exchange rate effects | 11.3 | 7.6 |
| Projected benefit obligations (PBO) as of December 31, (a) | 232.9 | 202.3 |
(a) \$ 3.4 million and \$3.5 million arise from unfunded plans as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 |
|---|---|---|
| Fair value of plan assets as of January 1, | 163.7 | 137.8 |
| Expected return on plan assets | 3.4 | 4.2 |
| Employer contributions | 3.0 | 4.4 |
| Actuarial gain (loss) arising from return on plan assets | 11.0 | 14.3 |
| Benefits paid | (3.1) | (3.0) |
| Exchange rate effects | 8.6 | 6.0 |
| Fair value of plan assets as of December 31, | 186.6 | 163.7 |
The aggregate funded status of the plans and amounts recognized in the Company's consolidated statements of financial position are summarized as follows:
| (In millions of US dollars) | December 31, | |
|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 2019 | |
| Projected benefit obligation (PBO) | 232.9 | 202.3 |
| Fair value of plan assets | 186.6 | 163.7 |
| Net pension liability | 46.3 | 38.6 |
The net amount recognized as accrued pension liability is presented as other non-current liabilities (see note 25).
The net periodic pension cost for the Company's defined benefit pension plans are summarized as follows:
| Year ended December 31, | ||
|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 |
| Service cost | 0.1 | 0.2 |
| Interest cost | 4.2 | 5.1 |
| Expected return on plan assets/net interest cost | (3.4) | (4.2) |
| Social security tax | - | - |
| Net periodic pension cost | 0.9 | 1.1 |
The net periodic actuarial gains and losses arising from the Company's defined benefit plans and recorded in other comprehensive income is as follows:
| Year ended December 31, | ||
|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 |
| Actuarial gain (loss), arising from changes in financial assumptions | (37.7) | (23.7) |
| Actuarial gain (loss), arising from changes in demographic assumptions | 16.5 | - |
| Actuarial gain (loss) due to scheme experience | 2.6 | 1.3 |
| Actuarial gain (loss) arising from return on plan assets | 11.0 | 14.3 |
| Net actuarial gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive income | (7.6) | (8.1) |
| Significant acturial assumptions: | 2020 | 2019 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Norway | UK | Norway | UK | |
| Discount rate | 1.70% | 1.36% | 2.30% | 2.15% |
| Return on plan assets | - | 1.36% | - | 2.15% |
| Compensation increase | 2.25% | - | 2.25% | - |
The discount rate assumptions used for calculating pensions reflect the rates at which the obligations could be effectively settled. Observable longterm rates on corporate bonds are used for the Norwegian and UK plans.
The Company's pension plan asset allocations, by asset category, are presented by major plan group as follows:
| (In millions of US dollars) | December 31, | |
|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 2019 | |
| Fair value plan assets | 186.6 | 163.7 |
| Plan assets at fair value with quoted prices in active markets for identical assets | ||
| Equity/diversified growth funds | 38% | 34% |
| Bonds | 51% | 53% |
| Real estate | 9% | 9% |
| Other | 2% | 4% |
| Total | 100% | 100% |
Management of plan assets must comply with applicable laws and regulations in Norway and the UK where the Company provides defined benefits plans. Within constraints imposed by laws and regulations, and given the assumed pension obligations and future contribution rates, assets are managed to obtain a long-term rate of return that at least reflects the chosen investment risk.
The following table show the sensitivity to the principal assumptions of the present value of the defined benefit obligation. The sensitivities shown below are approximate and each sensitivity considers one change in isolation.
| (In millions of US dollars) | Change in assumptions | Change in liabilities |
|---|---|---|
| Discount rate | Decrease of 1.0% p.a. | 28% |
| Inflation rate | Increase of 1.0% p.a. | 19% |
The Company expects to contribute approximately \$2.9 million to its defined benefit pension plans in 2021.
Substantially all employees not eligible for coverage under the defined benefit plans in Norway and the UK are eligible to participate in pension plans in accordance with local industrial, tax and social regulations. All of these plans are considered defined contribution plans. For some of the plans, subject to statutory limitations, employees may make voluntary contributions in addition to the Company's contributions. Plan contributions made by the Company aggregated \$8.1 million and \$8.1 million for 2020 and 2019, respectively. Plan contributions made by employees aggregated \$5.1 million and \$5.4 million for 2020 and 2019, respectively.
At the Annual General Meeting ("AGM") held on April 22, 2020, authority was given for the Board of Directors to acquire treasury shares at a maximum face value of in total NOK 116 162 098. Under no circumstances can the Company acquire shares leading to an aggregate number of treasury shares exceeding 10 percent of the total number of shares.
The shares may be used to meet obligations arising from employee incentive schemes; as part of consideration payable for acquisitions made by the Company; as part of consideration for any mergers, demergers or acquisitions; by way of cancellation of the shares in part or full; to raise funds for specific investments; for the purpose of repaying loans (including convertible loans); or to strengthen the Company's capital base. The Board is free to choose the method of disposal considered expedient for such purposes. The Company's loan agreements restrict buying own shares until February 9, 2023/March 31, 23 for other purposes than employee equity compensation plan. This exception is limited to \$10 million, plus \$10 million multiplied by number of calendar years that have commenced since January 21, 2020.
Further, the Board of Directors is authorized to increase the Company's share capital by a total amount of NOK 116 162 098 through one or more subscriptions. The authorization shall be utilized in connection with potential acquisitions of companies or businesses within the oil and energy sector, including the oil service sector, settlement of obligations (including convertible loans), funding of material investments, debt repurchases or to raise funds to strengthen the Company's capital base. The authorization includes the right to increase the Company's share capital in return for non-cash contributions and the right to assume special obligations on behalf of the Company. The Board was also authorized to issue convertible bonds at a total amount of NOK 3 500 000 000. The share capital of the Company may be increased by a total amount of NOK 116 162 098 as a result of the convertible loans being converted into equity. The right to issue convertible bonds and the right to increase the share capital is jointly capped at 10% of the share capital of the Company. This authorization was used to its maximum when the Company on February 9, 2021 issued a convertible loan note in relation to the transactions described in note 21. The above authorizations are all valid until June 30, 2021.
As of December 31, 2019, PGS ASA had a share capital of NOK 1 015 739 988 on 338 579 996 shares of par value NOK 3 each, all fully paid.
On February 13, 2020, the extraordinary general meeting in PGS ASA approved to issue 48 627 000 new shares following a private placement raising approximately NOK 850 million as equity (approximately \$95 million). On February 14, 2020, the registered share capital in the Company was increased to NOK 1 161 620 988 comprising of 387 206 996 shares, each with a nominal value of NOK 3 all fully paid.
As of December 31, 2020, PGS ASA had a share capital of NOK 1 161 620 988 comprising of 387 206 996 shares of par value NOK 3 each, all fully paid.
All shares have equal voting rights and equal rights to dividends. Any distribution of the Company's equity is dependent on the approval of the shareholders, and the ability to make distributions is limited by certain debt covenants and Norwegian Corporate Law. The ordinary shares are listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange.
The Board of Directors will not propose any dividend to the AGM in 2021 for the year ended December 31, 2020.
The Company's holding of treasury shares reconciles as follows:
| % of total shares | ||
|---|---|---|
| Treasury shares | outstanding | |
| Balance as of January 1, 2019 | 1 739 | 0.00% |
| Used to fulfill employee benefit programs in 2019 (note 29) | - | |
| Balance as of December 31, 2019 | 1 739 | 0.00% |
| Used to fulfill employee benefit programs in 2020 (note 29) | - | |
| Balance as of December 31, 2020 | 1 739 | 0.00% |
| December 31, 2020 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Total shares | Ownership percent | |
| Coltrane Asset Management LP | 61 601 485 | 15.91 |
| University of Texas Investment Management Co. | 57 307 229 | 14.80 |
| DNB Asset Management AS | 35 191 983 | 9.09 |
| M&G Investment Management Ltd. | 28 618 383 | 7.39 |
| Caius Capital LLP | 16 736 301 | 4.32 |
| Folketrygdfondet | 13 637 664 | 3.52 |
| Dimensional Fund Advisors LP | 13 340 751 | 3.45 |
| The Boeing Company Employee Retirement Plans Master Trust | 13 015 165 | 3.36 |
| Third Avenue Management LLC | 4 678 002 | 1.21 |
| Credit Andorra | 4 616 595 | 1.19 |
| Legal & General Investment Management Ltd. | 4 443 000 | 1.15 |
| Andbank Wealth Management SGIIC SAU | 4 301 590 | 1.11 |
| Canada Pension Plan Investment Board | 3 983 387 | 1.03 |
| Susquehanna International Group Ltd. | 3 667 507 | 0.95 |
| Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. | 3 636 858 | 0.94 |
| MP Pensjon PK | 3 624 587 | 0.94 |
| Storebrand Kapitalforvaltning AS | 3 192 209 | 0.82 |
| SPB A/S | 2 166 273 | 0.56 |
| Nordnet Livsforsikring AS | 1 728 382 | 0.45 |
| Arrowstreet Capital LP | 1 659 763 | 0.43 |
| Other | 106 059 882 | 27.39 |
| Total | 387 206 996 | 100.00 |
(a) The data in this table is provided by Q4 Inc. and is obtained through an analysis of beneficial ownership and fund manager information provided in replies to disclosure of ownership notices issued to all custodians in relation to the PGS share register provided by the Norwegian Central Securities Depository (VPS). Every reasonable effort has been made to verify the data, however neither PGS nor Q4 Inc. can guarantee the accuracy of the analysis.
Shares owned or controlled by members of the Board of Directors, Chief Executive Officer and Other Executive Officers were as follows:
| December 31, 2020 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Ownership | |||
| Total shares | percent | ||
| Board of Directors | |||
| Walter Qvam, Chairperson | 35 000 | (a) | |
| Anne Grethe Dalane | 18 000 | (a) | |
| Marianne Kah | 28 589 | (a) | |
| Richard Herbert | 9 500 | (a) | |
| Trond Brandsrud | 35 000 | (a) | |
| Hege Renshus | 1 918 | (a) | |
| Anette Valbø | 7 142 | (a) | |
| Grunde Rønholt | 45 000 | (a) |
| Rune Olav Pedersen, President and Chief Executive Officer | 228 617 | (a) |
|---|---|---|
| Gottfred Langseth, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | 375 106 | (a) |
| Nathan Oliver, Executive Vice President of Sales & Services | - | (a) |
| Rob Adams, Executive Vice President of Operations | 176 703 | (a) |
(a) Less than 1% of the Company's shares as of December 31, 2020
The following transactions were carried out with related parties:
| Year ended December 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 | |
| Sale of goods and services | |||
| Associates – MultiClient data | - | - | |
| Associates – Technology Services | - | - | |
| Purchase of goods and services | 1.9 | 3.5 | |
| Associates – Other services | 29.8 | 28.1 |
Transactions with related parties are mainly proceeds from sale of goods and services to Ocean Geo-Frontier Co. Ltd.
The Company has \$2.0 million and \$2.5 million in outstanding balances with related parties as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
All transactions with related parties are priced on an arm's length basis.
Chief Executive Officer ("CEO"), other Executive Officers and Directors of the Company are also on the Board of certain customers and suppliers. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company did not have any significant outstanding balances with any of these companies.
RSU's and PRSU's granted under the Company's employee share- based programs are as follows:
| Grant Year | Options, RSU's and PRSU's granted |
Additional options granted year |
Additional options granted |
Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2013 | 768 425 | 2014/2016 | 10 500/2 000 | Restricted Stock Plan (RSU) |
| 2014 | 739 500 | 2015/2017 | 2 000/17 500 | Restricted Stock Plan (RSU) |
| 2015 | 657 100 | - | - | Restricted Stock Plan (RSU) |
| 2015 | 776 100 | - | - | Performance Based Restricted Stock Plan (PRSU) |
| 2016 | 647 150 | 2018 | 26 200 | Restricted Stock Plan (RSU) |
| 2016 | 762 150 | - | - | Performance Based Restricted Stock Plan (PRSU) |
| 2017 | 456 320 | - | - | Restricted Stock Plan (RSU) |
| 2017 | 839 480 | - | - | Performance Based Restricted Stock Plan (PRSU) |
| 2018 | 1 746 450 | - | - | Performance Based Restricted Stock Plan (PRSU) |
| 2019 | 2 249 300 | 2020 | 30 000 | Performance Based Restricted Stock Plan (PRSU) |
| 2020 | 2 399 050 | - | - | Performance Based Restricted Stock Plan (PRSU) |
The Restricted Stock Unit programs ("RSU") awarded under long term incentive plans ("LTI Plans") approved by the AGM in 2015, 2016 and 2017, requires the participant's continued employment with the company (or a subsidiary) and is settled three years after grant. Upon settlement, the participant will receive at no charge a number of shares in the Company which equals the number of RSUs awarded.
In 2015, 2016 and 2017 the company also granted Performance based Restricted Stock Units ("PRSU") as approved by the respective years' AGM. In 2018, 2019 and 2020, the company only awarded PRSUs. Settlement of the PRSUs granted and subsequent transfer of shares to the eligible employee will take place three years after the grant subject to the Company achieving a satisfactory Total Shareholder Return ("TSR") compared to the companies in LTI Comparator Group" adjusted for dividends, and subject to further goals set out below.
For PRSUs granted under the 2017 LTI Plan, 75% of the PRSUs will settle subject to the TSR goal as outlined above, and the remaining 25% of the PRSUs will settle subject to a goal on free cash flow after capex in the three full financial years prior to settlement date. For PRSUs granted under the 2018 LTI Plan, 50% of the PRSUs will settle subject to the TSR goal as outlined above and 25% subject to an EBIT goal. The remaining 25% is subject to net leverage ratio. For PRSUs granted under the 2019 and 2020 LTI Plan, 75% of the PRSUs will settle subject to the TSR goal as outlined above and 25% subject to a goal on Return on Capital Employed ("ROCE").
For the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company recognized compensation cost with a corresponding increase in shareholders' equity of \$3.1 million and \$3.4 million, respectively. Total net unrecognized compensation cost as of December 31, 2020 was \$2.9 million (PRSU's), which is expected to be recognized over a period of 3 years.
In 2020 and 2019, the company settled PRSU and RSU's by cash consideration. Equity was correspondingly decreased with \$0.2 million and \$1.0, respectively. The PRSU's did not result in any payout, the amounts relate to the RSU programs only.
The tables below detail the Company's outstanding share awards (RSU and PRSU) for the years presented.
| Grant date | RSUs as of December 31, 2019 |
RSUs granted 2020 |
RSUs forfeited 2020 |
RSUs released 2020 |
RSUs as of December 31, 2020 |
Weighted average remaining contractual term |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | 7 500 | - | - | (7 500) | - | - |
| 2015 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2016 | 23 400 | - | (9 600) | - | 13 800 | 0.64 years |
| 2017 | 368 060 | - | (10 100) | (357 960) | - | - |
| Total | 398 960 | - | (19 700) | (365 460) | 13 800 | 0.64 years |
| PRSUs as of | PRSUs granted | PRSUs | PRSUs exercised |
PRSUs adjusted (due to performance) |
PRSUs as of | Weighted average remaining |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grant date | December 31, 2019 | 2020 | forfeited 2020 | 2020 | 2020 | December 31, 2020 | contractual term |
| 2015 | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| 2016 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2017 | 697 090 | - | (15 150) | - | (681 940) | - | - |
| 2018 | 1 650 850 | - | (73 500) | - | - | 1 577 350 | 0.44 years |
| 2019 | 2 240 300 | 30 000 | (111 400) | - | - | 2 158 900 | 1.48 years |
| 2020 | - | 2 399 050 | (14 500) | - | - | 2 384 550 | 2.64 years |
| Total | 4 588 240 | 2 429 050 | (214 550) | - | (681 940) | 6 120 800 | 1.67 years |
| Grant date | RSUs as of December 31, 2018 |
RSUs granted 2019 |
RSUs forfeited 2019 |
RSUs released 2019 |
RSUs as of December 31, 2019 |
Weighted average remaining contractual term |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2013 | 2 000 | - | - | (2 000) | - | - |
| 2014 | 7 500 | - | - | - | 7 500 | 0.47 years |
| 2015 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2016 | 556 375 | - | (8 550) | (524 425) | 23 400 | 1.65 years |
| 2017 | 375 380 | - | (7 320) | - | 368 060 | 0.47 years |
| Total | 941 255 | - | (15 870) | (526 425) | 398 960 | 0.54 years |
| Grant date | PRSUs as of December 31, 2018 |
PRSUs granted 2019 |
PRSUs forfeited 2019 |
PRSUs exercised 2019 |
PRSUs adjusted (due to performance) 2019 |
PRSUs as of December 31, 2019 |
Weighted average remaining contractual term |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2015 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2016 | 641 175 | - | (5 750) | - | (635 425) | - | - |
| 2017 | 708 070 | - | (10 980) | - | - | 697 090 | 0.47 years |
| 2018 | 1 687 700 | - | (36 850) | - | - | 1 650 850 | 1.45 years |
| 2019 | - | 2 249 300 | (9 000) | - | - | 2 240 300 | 2.47 years |
| Total | 3 036 945 | 2 249 300 | (62 580) | - | (635 425) | 4 588 240 | 1.80 years |
The table below details the Company's assumptions used to calculate estimated fair value at grant date:
| Grant date | Options, RSU's and PRSU's outstanding December 31,2020 |
Average exercise price |
Weighted average share price at grant |
date Risk free rateDividend yield | Volatility factor |
Weighted average life |
Estimated fair value at grant date (average NOK/USD per share option/ RSU/PRSU) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2013 (a) | - | NOK 0 | NOK 83.85 | N/A | - | N/A | N/A | NOK 73.03/\$12.63 |
| 2014 (a) | - | NOK 0 | NOK 63.89 | N/A | - | N/A | N/A | NOK 54.76/\$9.14 |
| 2015 (a) | - | NOK 0 | NOK 49.35 | N/A | - | N/A | N/A | NOK 43.90/\$5.61 |
| 2015 (b) | - | NOK 0 | NOK 49.37 | N/A | - | N/A | N/A | NOK 31.73/\$4.05 |
| 2016 (a) | 13 800 | NOK 0 | NOK 24.55 | N/A | - | N/A | N/A | NOK 24.54/\$2.99 |
| 2016 (b) | - | NOK 0 | NOK 24.56 | N/A | - | N/A | N/A | NOK 18.99/\$2.32 |
| 2017 (a) | - | NOK 0 | NOK 14.59 | N/A | - | N/A | N/A | NOK 14.59/\$1.71 |
| 2017 (b) | - | NOK 0 | NOK 14.59 | N/A | - | N/A | N/A | NOK 10.17/\$1.19 |
| 2018 (b) | 1 577 350 | NOK 0 | NOK 40.70 | N/A | - | N/A | N/A | NOK 31.29/\$3.88 |
| 2019 (b) | 2 158 900 | NOK 0 | NOK 13.39 | N/A | - | N/A | N/A | NOK 10.50 / \$ 1.23 |
| 2020 (b) | 2 384 550 | NOK 0 | NOK 3.40 | N/A | - | N/A | N/A | NOK 2.15 / \$ 0.24 |
| Total | 6 134 600 |
(a) Restricted Stock Units ("RSU")
(b) Performance based Restricted Stock Units ("PRSU")
The estimated fair value of the RSU and PRSU's granted are lower than the weighted average share price at the same date as the fair value calculations include adjustment for expected dividends up to vesting. In addition, the fair value of the PRSU's is reduced due to the performance conditions in the program.
Salary and social expenses that are included in cost of sales, research and development costs and selling, general and administrative costs consist of:
| Year ended December 31, | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 | 2019 | ||||
| Salaries and bonuses | 141.9 | 148.0 | ||||
| Social security | 11.0 | 13.4 | ||||
| Pension | 8.1 | 8.4 | ||||
| Other benefits | 14.9 | 19.4 | ||||
| Total | 175.9 | 189.2 |
The Company had an average of 1 056 and 1 256 employees during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
In 2020, the Company paid compensation to its President and CEO and other executive officers as follows:
| Total compensation paid in 2020 (a) (b) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name | Fixed salary | Bonus (c) | Other benefits (d) |
Total paid salary and compensation (in dollars) |
Pension benefits (e) |
|
| Rune Olav Pedersen | ||||||
| President and Chief Executive Officer | 464 343 | 116 908 | 21 721 | 602 972 | 138 843 | |
| Gottfred Langseth | ||||||
| Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | 413 085 | 66 105 | 27 253 | 506 443 | 83 605 | |
| Nathan Oliver | ||||||
| Executive Vice President of Sales & Services | 355 091 | 60 095 | 40 726 | 455 912 | 32 578 | |
| Berit Osnes | ||||||
| Executive Vice President of New Ventures (f) | 209 672 | 60 095 | 8 935 | 278 703 | 24 341 | |
| Rob Adams | ||||||
| Executive Vice President of Operations | 372 813 | 40 320 | 73 426 | 486 559 | 36 076 |
(a) Amounts in NOK have been translated to US Dollars using average exchange rate for 2020 of NOK/USD 9.400.
(b) Amounts in GBP have been translated to US Dollars using average exchange rate for 2020 of GBP/USD 1.2820.
(c) Received bonus is related to performance in 2019
(d) Includes items such as PRSU's/RSU's, car allowance, house allowance, telephone, internet and other minor benefits.
(e) Contribution to defined contribution plans (Norway) and earned benefits for members of the defined benefit plan.
(f) Berit Osnes was Executive Vice President of New Ventures until the reorganization 1 August 2020.
RSUs and PRSU's held by the CEO and executive officers as of December 31, 2020 were as follows:
| Name | RSUs as of December 31, 2019 |
RSUs granted 2020 |
RSUs forfeited 2020 |
RSUs released 2020 |
RSUs expired 2020 |
RSUs as of December 31, 2020 |
Weighted average remaining contractual term |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rune Olav Pedersen | 9 000 | - | - | (9 000) | - | - | - |
| Gottfred Langseth | 9 000 | - | - | (9 000) | - | - | - |
| Nathan Oliver | 4 000 | - | - | (4 000) | - | - | - |
| Berit Osnes | 4 000 | - | - | (4 000) | - | - | - |
| Rob Adams | 3 200 | - | - | (3 200) | - | - | - |
| Name | PRSUs as of December 31, 2019 |
PRSUs granted 2020 |
PRSUs forfeited 2020 |
PRSUs exercised 2020 |
PRSUs expired 2020 |
PRSUs as of December 31, 2020 |
Weighted average remaining contractual term |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rune Olav Pedersen | 330 000 | 168 000 | - | - | (36 000) | 462 000 | 1.62 |
| Gottfred Langseth | 171 000 | 75 000 | - | - | (36 000) | 210 000 | 1.60 |
| Nathan Oliver | 111 000 | 75 000 | - | - | (6 000) | 180 000 | 1.79 |
| Berit Osnes | 105 000 | 50 000 | (6 000) | 149 000 | 1.90 | ||
| Rob Adams | 64 800 | 75 000 | - | - | (4 800) | 135 000 | 1.70 |
In 2019, the Company paid compensation to its President and CEO and other executive officers as follows:
| Name | Fixed salary | Bonus (c) | Other benefits (d) |
Total paid salary and compensation (in dollars) |
Pension benefits (e) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rune Olav Pedersen | |||||
| President and Chief Executive Officer | 533 771 | 196 959 | 55 449 | 786 179 | 150 809 |
| Gottfred Langseth | |||||
| Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | 478 300 | 85 814 | 59 231 | 623 346 | 88 590 |
| Nathan Oliver | |||||
| Executive Vice President of Sales & Imaging | 397 405 | 44 030 | 54 006 | 495 441 | 38 845 |
| Berit Osnes | |||||
| Executive Vice President of New Ventures | 396 095 | 25 460 | 22 581 | 444 135 | 43 220 |
| Per Arild Reksnes | |||||
| Executive Vice President of Operations & Technology (f) | 447 948 | 78 479 | 53 306 | 579 733 | 57 515 |
(a) Amounts in NOK have been translated to US Dollars using average exchange rate for 2019 of NOK/USD 8.8037.
(b) Amounts in GBP have been translated to US Dollars using average exchange rate for 2019 of GBP/USD 1.2757.
(c) Received bonus is related to performance in 2018
(d) Includes items such as PRSU's/RSU's, car allowance, house allowance, telephone, internet and other minor benefits.
(e) Contribution to defined contribution plans (Norway) and earned benefits for members of the defined benefit plan.
(f) Per Arild Reksnes retired as of December 31, 2019.
Share options RSU's and PRSU's held by the CEO and executive officers as of December 31, 2019 were as follows:
| Name | RSUs as of December 31, 2018 |
RSUs granted 2019 |
RSUs forfeited 2019 |
RSUs released 2019 |
RSUs expired 2019 |
RSUs as of December 31, 2019 |
Weighted average remaining contractual term |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rune Olav Pedersen | 27 000 | - | - | (18 000) | - | 9 000 | 0.47 |
| Gottfred Langseth | 27 000 | - | - | (18 000) | - | 9 000 | 0.47 |
| Per Arild Reksnes | 27 000 | - | - | (18 000) | - | 9 000 | 0.47 |
| Berit Osnes | 9 000 | - | - | (5 000) | - | 4 000 | 0.47 |
| Nathan Oliver | 9 000 | - | - | (5 000) | - | 4 000 | 0.47 |
| Name | PRSUs as of December 31, 2018 |
PRSUs granted 2019 |
PRSUs forfeited 2019 |
PRSUs exercised 2019 |
PRSUs adjusted (due to performance) 2019 |
PRSUs as of December 31, 2019 |
Weighted average remaining contractual term |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rune Olav Pedersen | 189 000 | 168 000 | - | - | (27 000) | 330 000 | 1.86 |
| Gottfred Langseth | 123 000 | 75 000 | - | - | (27 000) | 171 000 | 1.69 |
| Per Arild Reksnes | 123 000 | 75 000 | - | - | (27 000) | 171 000 | 1.69 |
| Berit Osnes | 35 000 | 75 000 | - | - | (5 000) | 105 000 | 2.12 |
| Nathan Oliver | 41 000 | 75 000 | - | - | (5 000) | 111 000 | 2.09 |
See note 27 for shares held by the Company's CEO and other executive officers and note 29 for further information on the share- based payments programs.
Rune Olav Pedersen, President and CEO of the Company, had an annual fixed salary of NOK 4,305,000 in 2020. The CEO has a mutual 6-months period of notice. The CEO is, both during and after the employment, obliged to refrain from taking employment with companies that are in direct or indirect competition with PGS. This prohibition applies for a period of two years from the termination date unless the Company sets a shorter period of time.
Other executive officers have similar provisions in their employment terms, with periods of notice of twelve months or less.
Further information on compensation of the CEO and other executive officers are provided in the Board of Directors' Policy on Remuneration to the Company's CEO and Senior Executives below.
None of our Directors has any contract with the Company providing benefits upon termination of service.
The table below provides information about our Directors and compensation for 2020:
| Name | Position | Director since | Term expire Compensation (In dollars) (b) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Walter Qvam | Chairperson | 2013 | 2021 | 114 000 |
| Anne Grethe Dalane | Vice Chairperson | 2013 | 2021 | 77 000 |
| Marianne Kah | Director | 2018 | 2021 | 73 500 |
| Richard Herbert | Director | 2017 | 2021 | 73 500 |
| Trond Brandsrud | Director | 2019 | 2021 | 70 500 |
| Hege Renshus | Director (Empl.rep) | 2017 | 2021 | 10 638 |
| Anette Valbø | Director (Empl.rep) | 2015 | 2021 | 10 638 |
| Grunde Rønholt | Director (Empl.rep) | 2019 | 2021 | 10 638 |
| Total | 440 415 |
(a) Amounts in NOK have been translated to US Dollars using average exchange rate for 2020 of NOK/USD 9.400.
(b) None of the members or deputy members of the board received compensation from any other Group companies, except for the employee representatives. Their remuneration as employees is not included above.
The table below provides information about our Directors and compensation for 2019:
| Name | Position | Director since | Term expire Compensation (In dollars) (b) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Walter Qvam | Chairperson | 2013 | 2020 | 114 500 |
| Anne Grethe Dalane | Vice Chairperson | 2013 | 2020 | 77 500 |
| Marianne Kah | Director | 2018 | 2020 | 96 000 |
| Richard Herbert | Director | 2017 | 2020 | 96 000 |
| Trond Brandsrud | Director | 2019 | 2020 | 49 311 |
| Hege Renshus | Director (Empl.rep) | 2017 | 2021 | 7 793 |
| Anette Valbø | Director (Empl.rep) | 2015 | 2021 | 7 793 |
| Grunde Rønholt | Director (Empl.rep) | 2019 | 2021 | 7 793 |
| Morten Borge (c) | Director | 2015 | 2019 | 21 184 |
| Espen Vollan Grimstad (c) | Director (Empl.rep) | 2015 | 2019 | - |
| Total | 477 874 |
(a) Amounts in NOK have been translated to US Dollars using average exchange rate for 2019 of NOK/USD 8.8037.
(b) None of the members or deputy members of the board received compensation from any other Group companies, except for the employee
representatives. Their remuneration as employees is not included above.
(c) Morten Borge and Espen Vollan Grimstad left the Board of Directors in 2019.
See note 27 for shares held by the Company's Board of Directors.
In accordance with §6-16a of the Norwegian Public Limited Liability Companies Act, PGS ASA ("PGS" or "the Company") and its Board of Directors (the "Board") has for our President & CEO (the "CEO") and the executive officers (the "Senior Executives") established a Policy related to determination of salary and other benefits (the "Policy"). The Policy is outlined below, and will be presented to the shareholders for approval at the upcoming Annual General Meeting ("AGM") to apply for a four year policy period from the 2021 AGM, or until the general meeting resolving changes to the Policy if earlier.
PGS is an international company operating in the global geophysical industry. Our operations are conducted world-wide. This means that our talent pool is and needs to be diverse and international. The total compensation package for our CEO and Senior Executives will therefore need to be based on the norms in both the Norwegian labor market and the global talent market that we compete within. Whilst responding to the Company's financial ability, both the level of total compensation and the structure of the compensation package for our CEO and Senior Executives is designed to incentivize enhanced performance, achieve PGS' strategy and long-term interests, and ensure common goals and interest between the shareholders and the CEO/ Senior Executives. The Policy is also designed to attract and retain highly qualified leaders with diverse backgrounds and experience. All of the above will require the use of several different instruments and components, as explained below.
The current remuneration package for our CEO and Senior Executives includes fixed elements and variable elements. The fixed elements consist of a base salary and other benefits such as car allowance, phone, internet and similar. The fixed elements also include a defined contribution pension scheme and an individual pension scheme. The variable elements consist of Short Term Incentive Plans ("STI Plans") which is our annual bonus scheme, and Long Term Incentive Plans ("LTI Plans") which are composed of Performance Restricted Stock Units ("PRSUs").
PGS has with the help of an external advisor identified a specific peer group of comparable companies across relevant markets. The advisor has collected and combined information related to total compensation level and structure amongst these companies. As of December 31, 2020, the peer group consisted of 15 companies from Norway and Europe. These companies are of comparable size and have international operations in the oil & gas and oil services sectors. The peer group is subject to regular review. The Board and its Remuneration and Corporate Governance Committee ("Remco") uses this information, among other tools, to benchmark and decide on an appropriate total compensation structure for the CEO and Senior Executives.
Remco and the Board evaluate the remuneration of the CEO and Senior Executives regularly. As part of its meeting schedule, Remco annually reviews the total compensation level and the mix between fixed and variable compensation. As part of this review, the mix between long-and short-term incentives, and the mix between corporate financial goals and personal performance goals are evaluated. At the beginning of each calendar year the corporate financial goals and its targets and ranges are reviewed and approved by Remco and the Board. PGS has routines for detecting and preventing conflicts of interests, and thereby ensuring a balanced determination of compensation of the CEO and Senior Executives.
Taking into account the global industry PGS is operating in and the peer group information, the total compensation of the CEO is designed to target a relative share for each component approximately as follows: 40-50% as base salary, 30-40% as target bonus payment from the STI Plan, and 20-30% as target settlement from the LTI Plan. For the Senior Executives, the target is approximately 50-60% as base salary, 25-35% as bonus payment from the STI Plan, and 10-20% as settlement from the LTI Plan. These are long-term targets, and the actual compensation and the split will depend on the Company's financial performance and other elements.
Base salary for the CEO and Senior Executives is reviewed by Remco. Base salary is approved by the Board with regards to that of the CEO, and by the CEO with regards to that of any Senior Executive.
In addition to base salary and other fixed benefits mentioned in Section 2 above, the CEO and - as of 31 December 2020 - one Senior Executive have an early retirement plan allowing for termination of employment without cause when reaching the age of 62. Full early retirement benefits are defined as 60% of the last base salary in the year of retirement. The CEO is eligible for 85% of full benefits upon retiring at the age of 62 and full benefits upon retiring at the age of 65. The other Senior Executive is eligible for full benefits upon retiring at the age of 62. The early retirement benefits cease when the CEO and the other Senior Executive reach the age of 67.
For termination of the CEO's employment, a mutual notice period of 6 months applies. If the Company terminates the CEO's employment, the CEO is entitled to a severance pay equivalent to a base salary payment of 6 months. The Board may however agree to a longer period if this in the Board's view is in the Company's best interest. The above also applies if the Company initiates a termination and the parties agree that the employment shall be terminated.
For termination of the Senior Executives' employment, a mutual notice period of either 3 or 6 months apply. As of 31 December 2020, one Senior Executive is upon the Company's termination of employment entitled to a severance pay equivalent to 12 months base salary. The remaining Senior Executives are not entitled to severance pay upon termination, unless otherwise approved by the CEO as being in the Company's best interest.
For the recruitment of a CEO or a Senior Executive, the Board and CEO respectively may grant an appropriate sign-on bonus to such new hire if this is deemed to be necessary and in the best interest of the Company.
Participation in the STI Plans and the minimum-, target- and maximum pay-out levels under such plans are determined by the Company on an annual basis. Minimum-, target- and maximum pay-out levels are annually reviewed and approved by Remco and the Board.
Bonus payments under the STI Plans to the CEO and Senior Executives will be based partly on the Company and its subsidiaries achievement of one or more key performance indicators ("KPIs"), and partly on achievement of agreed goals in the individual's personal performance contract. The personal performance KPIs are related to areas such as financial, strategic, operational-, organizational, people, and ESG (environmental, social and governance). All personal KPIs will be linked to the Company's strategy, be measurable and predetermined, whilst taking into account external factors. Following the recommendation from Remco, the Board will determine the company KPIs and their associated pay-out levels normally during the fourth/first quarter each year to apply for the following/present financial year. The KPIs, their relative weighting, and the associated pay-out levels from each KPI will be tied to the Company's - at that time - most important targets.
As such, with a strategic focus over the last years of repaying debt, the financial KPIs used during the last years have been Revenues less Gross Cash Cost and Cash Flow after Investing Activities. These KPIs may however change from year to year depending on the Company's financial situation and its current key strategic priorities. PGS is not in a position to publish forward looking financial targets and ranges for such financial KPIs since the Company as a matter of policy does not guide on the financial figures that can be derived from such targets and ranges. Therefore, any such targets and ranges will only be disclosed retrospectively in the Report on the 2022 AGM and onwards.
Bonus payments under the STI Plans are for each year determined based on audited financial statements (for financial KPIs) and how they meet with the KPIs set, as well as on personal performance appraisals for the CEO and each Senior Executive on how they meet their personal performance goals. The Board is entitled to take into consideration changes imposed by extraordinary external factors beyond the reasonable control of the CEO or the executive team when assessing achievement of the KPI's under the STI Plan. Remco and the Board appraises the performance of the CEO, whereas the CEO appraises the performance by the Senior Executives.
Annual bonus payments under the STI Plans are for the CEO and Senior Executives over time targeted to be 85% and 57% of base salary respectively, whereas payments are capped to 150% and 100% respectively. The Company reserves the right to withhold or delay any payments under STI Plans in extraordinary circumstances, as decided by the Board. The Company also reserves the right to cancel STI Plans without any payment to the CEO, Senior Executives or other participants prior to final determination of achievements by the Board.
The CEO and Senior Executives will not be eligible for bonus payout under the STI Plans if they have resigned, or given/been given a notice of termination before the payment date, unless otherwise approved by the Board or CEO respectively as being in the Company's best interests. An exception from this is that the CEO or a Senior Executive retiring before the payment day will be eligible for a bonus prorated for months of employment in the earnings year.
The STI Plans and their KPIs, weighting and associated pay out levels are designed to contribute to meeting PGS' businesses strategy and to promote the Company's long-term interests whilst taking PGS' financial ability into account. As noted above, the KPIs, their relative weighting, and the associated pay-out levels from each KPI will be tied to the Company's – at that time – most important targets.
Separately, for incentivization purposes, the Board may award a discretionary bonus to CEO and/or Senior Executives in the event the Company is involved in major transactions that is deemed to protect or generate shareholder value and be in the Company's best long term interests. Such discretionary bonus will be capped to 150% and 100% of base salary for the CEO and Senior Executives respectively. For the purpose of ensuring continued service to the Company, the Board and CEO may in extraordinary circumstances and if deemed to be in the Company's best interest approve the payment of a stay-on bonus to the CEO and any Senior Executive respectively, both being subject to the same cap as a above.
The Company's AGMs have for several years annually authorized LTI Plans in order to ensure continued long-term incentives linked to the Company's financial performance and relative share price development. The Board will annually throughout the Policy period continue to propose an LTI Plan for approval at the AGM, and will each year present the full details of the LTI Plan document.
Each LTI Plan will for all eligible employees consist solely of a pool of PRSUs that will be awarded to eligible employees following the AGM approving such plan and a given deadline in the LTI Plan. Settlement of the PRSUs will be conditioned upon the Company over a defined period from award meeting certain goals and share price related targets under one or more Key Performance Indicators ("KPIs") set out in each LTI Plan. The KPIs, their relative weighting, and the associated pay out levels from each KPI will be designed to protect the Company's long term-interests and create value over time. During the recent years, the KPIs in LTI Plans have been Total Shareholder Return ("TSR") and Return On Capital Employed ("ROCE"). TSR achievement have been measured against a comparator group of companies while the ROCE has been an absolute financial target. These KPIs have been seen by the Board to be adequate metrics to gauge the protection of long-term interests for the Company and creation of shareholder value over time. The KPIs may however for each LTI Plan change depending on the Company's financial situation and its current key strategic priorities.
The total PRSU awards under all outstanding LTI Plans and the equivalent maximum potential share settlement thereunder will not at any time exceed 5% of the Company's share capital. The Board will for the period between an upcoming AGM and the subsequent AGM not distribute to the CEO or any Senior Executives any other share-based incentives than PRSUs under the approved LTI Plans.
The full LTI Plan including the KPIs, goals, the size of the pool of PRSUs subject for award, and the LTI Plan terms and conditions will be presented in the Calling Notice for each AGM for shareholder approval.
The LTI Plan and its KPIs and goals are designed to contribute to PGS meetings its businesses strategy and to promote the Company's long-term interests whilst taking PGS' financial ability into account.
This Policy primarily deals with the remuneration to PGS' CEO and Senior Executives. However, the Policy is to a large extent providing guidance on how the Company remunerates a broader group of key employees within the Company. Enhanced performance by the management groups is not achieved by our CEO and Senior Executives alone but is rather dependent on a number of managers and key employees throughout the Company. Therefore, these are also included in the nomination process for the STI Plans and LTI Plans, which contain all or some of the above-mentioned elements. In addition, all other employees may receive up to a maximum of one-month salary in annual bonus based on achievement of company performance KPIs.
The remuneration to the employee elected Board members is - for their service as board members - proposed by the Company's Nomination Committee and approved by the AGM on an annual basis. The proposal for remuneration is determined annually. The Nomination Committee bases its proposal inter alia on the annual survey data provided by the Norwegian Institute of Directors' under their annual survey on employee elected director compensation. Further details are presented in the Calling Notice for each AGM, where the Company solicits approval for directors' remuneration paid from the previous AGM to the upcoming AGM, as well the principles for Board fees for the period from the upcoming AGM to the subsequent AGM.
The Board is of the view that the total compensation packages with its elements for the CEO and Senior Executives constitutes proper incentives to meet the Company's strategic goals and protect the Company's long-term interests. The mix between fixed and variable performance related compensation, the mix between long- and short-term incentives, the mix between corporate financial goals and personal performance goals, and the proposed financial goals and its targets and ranges is also well suited to ensure the financial sustainability for the Company. In particular, one of the primary short-term strategic goals for the Company is to repay debt. Reducing debt short-term is also an important effort to ensure the financial sustainability for the Company long-term. The Company's strategy is thus centered around ensuring the financial sustainability for the Company. As such, the company KPIs applied in the STI Plans during recent years - Revenues less Gross Cash Cost and Cash Flow after Investing Activities - give the CEO and Senior Executives proper incentives to repay debt by targeting free cash flow. The CEO and Senior Executives' short-term incentives are henceforth aligned with the Company's main short-term strategic goal, destined to protect long-term interests and suitable for ensuring the financial sustainability of the Company.
Also, to protect the Company's long-term interests, the KPIs under the most recent LTI Plans being TSR and ROCE give appropriate incentives for the CEO and the Senior Executives to build value for shareholders and protect long term interests of the Company. In order for the Company to be successful under the TSR metric, the development in Company's share price needs over time to outperform that of the companies in the comparator group. ROCE is also an indicator for performance exceeding the weighted average cost of capital. This is a proper metric to gauge the increase of shareholder value and protection of the long-term interests of the Company.
The personal performance KPIs are focused on financial-, strategic-, operational-, organizational-, people and ESG goals to enable both short-term and long-term development of the Company. The personal performance KPIs are designed to incentivize increased personal performance and related to the individual executive's role.
Upon proposing material changes during the Policy period applying from the 2021 AGM, the Company will either seek approval in an AGM or call for an Extraordinary General Meeting to solicit approval. The Company will in the calling notice describe the proposed changes, and take note of shareholders' voting over the Company's remuneration policy and remuneration report for the previous fiscal year. Otherwise, the Board will ensure that the Policy is reviewed and presented for approval by the AGM at least every fourth year.
The Board is of the opinion that this Policy is aligned with the shareholders' interests, but will monitor and take into account the result of the shareholders advisory vote over the remuneration report and assess any impact for the Policy during the policy period.
Since the Annual General Meeting in April 2020 the Board of Directors have followed the guidelines then approved by the Annual General Meeting with respect to remuneration of the CEO and the other executive officers.
Fees for audit and other services provided by the Company's auditor EY, are as follows (exclusive VAT and including out of pocket expenses):
| Year ended December 31, | |
|---|---|
| (In millions of US dollars) | 2020 2019 |
| Audit fees | 1.4 1.6 |
| Tax services | 0.4 0.4 |
| All other fees | 0.1 0.3 |
| Total | 1.9 2.3 |
The ownership percentage in subsidiaries as of December 31, 2020, was as follows:
| Company | Jurisdiction | Shareholding and voting rights |
|---|---|---|
| PGS Australia Pty. Ltd. | Australia | 100% |
| Seahouse Insurance Ltd. | Bermuda | 100% |
| PGS Suporte Logistico e Servicos Ltda. | Brazil | 100% |
| PGS Overseas Operation (Cyprus) Limited | Cyprus | 90% |
| PGS Data Processing Middle East SAE | Egypt | 100% |
| PGS Egypt for Petroleum Services | Egypt | 100% |
| PGS Ghana Limited | Ghana | 90% |
| PT Petroprima Geo-Servis Nusantara | Indonesia | 94% |
| PGS Marine Services (Isle of Man) Ltd. | Isle of Man | 100% |
| PGS Japan K.K. | Japan | 100% |
| Petroleum Geo-Services Asia Pacific Labuan Ltd | Malaysia | 100% |
| Petroleum Geo-Services Exploration (M) Sdn. Bhd. | Malaysia | 100% |
| PGS Data Processing & Technology Sdn. Bhd. | Malaysia | 100% |
| P.G.S Imaging S.A. de C.V | Mexico | 100% |
| PGS Geophysical Nigeria Ltd. | Nigeria | 100% |
| Petroleum Geo-Services AS | Norway | 100% |
| PGS Shipowner AS | Norway | 100% |
| Multiklient Invest AS | Norway | 100% |
| PGS Falcon AS | Norway | 100% |
| PGS Geophysical AS | Norway | 100% |
| PGS Titans AS | Norway | 100% |
| Natuna Ventures Pte. Ltd. | Singapore | 100% |
| Petroleum Geo-Services Asia Pacific Pte. Ltd. | Singapore | 100% |
| PGS Geophysical (UK) Ltd. | United Kingdom | 100% |
| Panoceanic Energy Limited | United Kingdom | 100% |
| Petroleum Geo-Services (UK) Ltd. | United Kingdom | 100% |
| PGS EM Ltd. | United Kingdom | 100% |
| PGS Exploration (UK) Ltd. | United Kingdom | 100% |
| PGS Geophysical (Angola) Ltd. | United Kingdom | 100% |
| PGS Pension Trustee Ltd. | United Kingdom | 100% |
| PGS Reservoir Ltd. | United Kingdom | 100% |
| PGS Seismic Services Ltd | United Kingdom | 100% |
| Seismic Exploration (Canada) Ltd. | United Kingdom | 100% |
| Petroleum Geo-Services, Inc. | United States | 100% |
| PGS Americas, Inc. | United States | 100% |
| PGS Imaging, Inc. | United States | 100% |
| PGS Finance, Inc. | United States | 100% |
| PGS Holding I Ltd | United Kingdom | 100% |
| PGS Holding II Ltd | United Kingdom | 100% |
Subsidiaries with minority interests are not considered significant and as such, are not disclosed in the consolidated statements of financial position and the consolidated statement of changes in shareholders' equity.
PGS has renegotiated its main credit agreements to extend near-term debt maturities and amortization profiles to preserve liquidity. On February 2, 2021 a UK Scheme of Arrangement was sanctioned by an English court allowing the implementation of the financing transaction with main terms as listed below The Scheme had support of lenders to the RCF/TLB facilities representing 95.3% by value of debt and 99.5% by number of creditors voting. The Transaction closed with effect February 9, 2021.
With the Transaction PGS extended its current near-term maturity and amortization profile under its RCF/TLB and ECF facilities by approximately two years.
The main terms of the Transaction include:
Reference is made to the description in note 21.
Collaboration & Connectivity for the future of seismic

| Year ended December 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of NOK) | Note | 2020 | 2019 |
| Revenue | 2 | 9.3 | 12.2 |
| Selling, general, administrative and other costs | 2, 14 | (45.2) | (63.2) |
| Total operating expenses | (45.2) | (63.2) | |
| Operating loss | (35.9) | (51.0) | |
| Interest expense, net | 2, 3 | (561.8) | (331.0) |
| Gain (loss) on sales or liquidation of subsidiaries | - | (27.4) | |
| Impairment, net of reversal of impairment on shares in subsidiaries/ intercompany receivables | 1, 6 | (2 974.8) | (264.7) |
| Dividends/group contributions received from subsidiaries | 2 | 406.5 | 748.2 |
| Other financial items, net | 2, 4 | 111.1 | (87.8) |
| Income (loss) before income taxes | (3 054.9) | (13.7) | |
| Income tax | 5 | - | (5.8) |
| Net income (loss) | (3 054.9) | (19.5) |
| December 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of NOK) | Note | 2020 | 2019 |
| ASSETS | |||
| Non-current assets: | |||
| Shares in subsidiaries | 1, 6 | 6 486.0 | 9 012.5 |
| Intercompany receivables | 1, 2, 6 | 3 529.9 | 3 521.1 |
| Total non-current assets | 10 015.9 | 12 533.6 | |
| Current assets: | |||
| Intercompany receivables | 2 | 83.8 | 100.1 |
| Other current assets | 101.3 | 48.8 | |
| Restricted cash | 7 | 1.2 | 1.1 |
| Cash and cash equivalents | 7 | 936.1 | 17.5 |
| Total current assets | 1 122.5 | 167.5 | |
| Total assets | 11 138.4 | 12 701.1 | |
| LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY | |||
| Shareholders' equity: | |||
| Common stock; par value NOK 3; issued and outstanding 387,206,996 shares | 8 | 1 161.6 | 1 015.7 |
| Additional paid-in capital | 8 | 5 958.3 | 5 250.1 |
| Total paid in capital | 7 119.9 | 6 265.8 | |
| Other equity | 8 | (4 846.1) | (1 758.8) |
| Total shareholders' equity Non-current liabilities: |
2 273.8 | 4 507.0 | |
| Interest bearing debt | 9, 10 | - | 3 256.7 |
| Intercompany debt | 1, 2 | 1 416.1 | 1 323.3 |
| Other non-current liabilities | 11 | 80.3 | 43.2 |
| Total non-current liabilities | 1 496.4 | 4 623.2 | |
| Current liabilities: | |||
| Interest bearing debt | 9, 10 | 7 295.7 | 3 479.4 |
| Accrued expenses and other short-term liabilities | 13 | 72.5 | 91.5 |
| Total current liabilities | 7 368.2 | 3 570.9 | |
| Total liabilities and shareholders' equity | 11 138.4 | 12 701.1 | |
Walter Qvam Chairperson | Anne Grethe Dalane | Marianne Kah | Richard Herbert | Trond Brandsrud Anette Valbø | Hege Renshus | Grunde Rønholt | Rune Olav Pedersen Chief Executive Officer
| (In millions of NOK) Note 2020 Cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities: Net income (loss) (3 054.9) Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities: Impairment, net of reversal of impairment of shares/intercompany receivables 6 2 974.8 Interest expense 645.2 Loss (gain) sale of subsidaries - Dividends/group contributions 2 (406.5) Foreign exchange (gain) loss, unrealized 4 (173.9) Changes in current assets and current liabilities (115.5) Other items 137.1 Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities 6.3 Cash flows provided by (used in) investing activities: Investment in subsidiaries, net 6 - Received dividends from subsidaries 406.5 Reduced (increased) intercompany receivables (563.4) Increased (reduced) intercompany debt 169.8 Change in restricted cash (0.1) Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities 12.7 Cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities: Proceeds, net of deferred loan costs, from issuance of non-current debt 9 1 140.0 Net change of drawing on the Revolving Credit Facility 9 1 615.9 Proceeds from share issue (a) 8 828.0 Repayment of interest bearing debt 9 (1 995.3) Interest paid (590.9) Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 997.7 Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 1 016.7 Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents (98.1) Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 17.5 Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 936.1 |
Year ended December 31, | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | |||
| (19.5) | |||
| 264.7 | |||
| 443.1 | |||
| 27.4 | |||
| (748.2) | |||
| 90.5 | |||
| (37.9) | |||
| 46.6 | |||
| 66.8 | |||
| (684.7) | |||
| 748.2 | |||
| 1 625.0 | |||
| (569.3) | |||
| (0.1) | |||
| 1 119.1 | |||
| - | |||
| (759.7) | |||
| - | |||
| (35.6) | |||
| (433.0) | |||
| (1 228.3) | |||
| (42.5) | |||
| 0.7 | |||
| 59.3 | |||
| 17.5 |
(a) Including transaction costs amounting to NOK 22.0 million.
PGS ASA (or "the Company") and its subsidiaries prepares its consolidated financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS") as adopted by the European Union, while the Company prepares its financial statements in accordance with the Norwegian Accounting Act and accounting principles generally accepted in Norway ("N GAAP"). The Company's headquarters is at Oslo, Norway. The address is Lilleakerveien 4C, 0283 Oslo.
The Company applies the same accounting policies as described in note 2 in the notes to the consolidated financial statements where relevant, except that unrealized foreign exchange gain (loss) on non-current intercompany loans is recognized in the statements of profit and loss. The functional currency is Norwegian kroner ("NOK") for the financial statements prepared in accordance with the Norwegian Accounting Act and accounting principles generally accepted in Norway ("N GAAP").
Shares in subsidiaries (see note 6) are presented at cost less impairment. Impairment is recognized based upon the carrying value of the individual shares and net intercompany receivables in the subsidiaries less the estimated recoverable amount (based on discounted estimated future cash flows). If estimated recoverable amounts increase, impairment charges are reversed accordingly. There is no fixed plan for repayment of long-term intercompany receivables and payables.
The statement of cash flows is set up using the indirect method.
PGS ASA has significant intercompany transactions with its subsidiaries. Transactions with subsidiaries are mainly related to business support functions and financing activities. PGS ASA charged out management fee to PGS Geophysical AS, amounting to NOK 9.3 million and NOK 12.2 million in 2020 and 2019, respectively. Guarantee fee income charged to subsidiaries was NOK 39.9 million in 2020. Dividends/group contributions from subsidiaries were NOK 406.5 and NOK 748.2 million in 2020 and 2019, respectively.
In addition, PGS ASA re-charged PGS Geophysical (UK) Ltd. NOK 15.0 million in 2020 for legal services related to previous years and PGS Geophysical AS allocated costs to PGS ASA amounting to NOK 20.0 and NOK 23.8 million in 2020 and 2019, respectively.
Intercompany transactions in the statements of profit and loss consist of:
| Subsidiaries | Year ended December 31, 2020 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Net Receivables/ | ||||
| (In millions of NOK) | Net interest | (Liabilities) | ||
| Multiklient Invest AS | 10.9 | 448.3 | ||
| Natuna Ventures Pte. Ltd. | - | 100.2 | ||
| Petroleum Geo-Services AS | - | 103.7 | ||
| Petroleum Geo-Services, Inc. | - | 515.7 | ||
| Petroleum Geo-Services (UK) Ltd. | (22.1) | (251.2) | ||
| PGS Americas, Inc | - | 230.8 | ||
| Petroleum Geo-Services Asia Pacific Pte. Ltd. | (17.7) | (119.1) | ||
| PGS Australia PTY Ltd | - | 657.7 | ||
| PGS Imaging S.A. de C.V. | - | 33.7 | ||
| PGS Data Processing Middle East SAE (Egypt) | (6.1) | 9.3 | ||
| PGS Egypt for Petroleum Services | (31.8) | (565.6) | ||
| PGS EM Ltd. | 73.0 | 947.1 | ||
| PGS Exploration (M) SDN BHD | - | 181.1 | ||
| PGS Geophysical Nigeria Limited | - | 40.8 | ||
| PGS Exploration (UK) Ltd | (20.4) | (297.0) | ||
| PGS Falcon AS | 34.3 | 796.2 | ||
| PGS Geophysical AS | 59.0 | 968.1 | ||
| PGS Geophysical Angola | 1.4 | 20.0 | ||
| PGS Ghana Limited | - | 52.8 | ||
| PGS Imaging, Inc | - | 185.7 | ||
| PGS Japan K.K. | (3.3) | (43.4) | ||
| PGS Marine Services (Isle of Man) Ltd. | - | 28.2 | ||
| PGS Seismic Sevices Ltd. | 1.4 | 17.6 | ||
| PGS Shipowner AS | (1.2) | (67.6) | ||
| PGS Suporte Logistico e Servicos Ltda. | - | 106.2 | ||
| PGS Titans AS | 8.7 | 159.6 | ||
| PT Petroprima Geo-Servis Nusantara | - | 520.2 | ||
| Seahouse Insurance Ltd. | (5.4) | (44.5) | ||
| Other | (0.2) | (18.0) | ||
| Sum transactions intercompany | 80.4 | 4 716.5 | ||
| Accumulated impairment | (2 518.9) | |||
| Net transactions intercompany | 2 197.6 |
| Subsidiaries | Year ended December 31, 2019 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Net Receivables/ | |||
| (In millions of NOK) | Net interest | (Liabilities) | |
| Multiklient Invest AS | (10.4) | 426.0 | |
| Natuna Ventures Pte. Ltd. | - | 102.9 | |
| Petroleum Geo-Services, Inc. | - | 579.7 | |
| Petroleum Geo-Services (UK) Ltd. | (50.1) | (172.2) | |
| PGS Americas, Inc | - | 237.3 | |
| Petroleum Geo-Services Asia Pacific Pte. Ltd. | (9.0) | (139.3) | |
| PGS Australia PTY Ltd | - | 671.3 | |
| PGS Imaging S.A. de C.V. | - | 34.1 | |
| PGS Data Processing Middle East SAE (Egypt) | (9.7) | (65.9) | |
| PGS Egypt for Petroleum Services | (12.7) | (307.1) | |
| PGS EM Ltd. | 55.9 | 904.0 | |
| PGS Exploration (M) SDN BHD | - | 211.2 | |
| PGS Geophysical Nigeria Limited | - | 49.6 | |
| PGS Exploration (UK) Ltd | (14.7) | (386.7) | |
| PGS Falcon AS | 52.2 | 156.4 | |
| PGS Geophysical AS | 105.4 | 994.1 | |
| PGS Ghana Limited | - | 84.2 | |
| PGS Imaging, Inc | - | 140.9 | |
| PGS Investigacào Petrolifera Ltda. | - | 88.1 | |
| PGS Japan K.K. | (2.3) | (36.3) | |
| PGS Geophysical (UK) Ltd. | - | (14.8) | |
| PGS Marine Services (Isle of Man) Ltd. | - | 29.0 | |
| PGS Reservoir Ltd | - | (52.3) | |
| PGS Seismic Sevices Ltd. | 1.0 | 16.8 | |
| PGS Shipowner AS | - | 38.1 | |
| PGS Suporte Logistico e Servicos Ltda. | - | 20.1 | |
| PGS Titans AS | 5.5 | 90.1 | |
| PT Petroprima Geo-Servis Nusantara | - | 694.8 | |
| Seahouse Insurance Ltd. | (6.3) | (93.6) | |
| Seismic Exploration (Canada) Ltd. | - | (11.9) | |
| Other | 0.2 | (23.5) | |
| Sum transactions intercompany | 105.2 | 4 264.8 | |
| Accumulated impairment | (1 966.9) | ||
| Net transactions intercompany | 2 297.9 |
Interest expense, net, consists of:
| Year ended December 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of NOK) | 2020 | 2019 | |
| Interest income, external | 2.9 | 6.9 | |
| Interest income, intercompany | 188.9 | 237.6 | |
| Interest expense, external | (645.2) | (443.1) | |
| Interest expense, intercompany | (108.4) | (132.4) | |
| Total | (561.8) | (331.0) |
Other financial items, net, consist of:
| Year ended December 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of NOK) | 2020 | 2019 | |
| Foreign currency (loss) gain, realized and unrealized | 194.6 | (75.0) | |
| Guarantee fee | 39.9 | 45.9 | |
| Other | (123.4) | (58.6) | |
| Total | 111.1 | (87.8) |
The line "Other" includes expensed cost related to amendment and extension of debt agreements of NOK 85.0 million for the full year 2020.
The income tax expense differs from the amounts computed when applying the Norwegian statutory tax rate to income before income taxes as a result of the following:
| Year ended December 31, | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of NOK) | 2020 | 2019 | ||
| Income before income taxes | (3 054.9) | (13.7) | ||
| Norwegian statutory tax rate | 22% | 22% | ||
| Provision for income taxes at the statutory rate | 672.1 | 3.0 | ||
| (Increase) reduction in income taxes from: | ||||
| Foreign taxes | - | (4.5) | ||
| Impairment (reversal) of shares in subsidiaries | (533.0) | 12.7 | ||
| Impairment of intercompany receivables | (123.1) | (70.3) | ||
| Other permanent items | 78.2 | 158.9 | ||
| Correction previous year | (6.1) | (16.6) | ||
| Changes in unrecognized deferred tax assets | (88.1) | (89.0) | ||
| Income tax (expense) benefit | - | (5.8) |
| Year ended December 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of NOK) | 2020 | 2019 | |
| Temporary differences relate to: | |||
| Pension liabilities (a) | 4.9 | 5.0 | |
| Intercompany receivables | 57.4 | 59.0 | |
| Other | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
| Tax losses carried forward | 1 100.5 | 1 010.7 | |
| Deferred tax assets, net | 1 163.0 | 1 074.9 | |
| Deferred tax assets not recognized in the statement of financial position | (1 163.0) | (1 074.9) | |
| Net recognized Deferred tax assets | - | - |
(a) Change in deferred tax for actuarial gains/losses on pensions are recognized directly to shareholder's equity (see note 8 and 12).
Shares in subsidiaries are recognized in PGS ASA balance sheet at cost less any impairment.
| As of December 31, 2020 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of NOK) | Registered office |
Shareholding (a) |
Book value (b) | Equity (b) | Impairments 2020 |
Net income 2020 |
| PGS Geophysical AS | Oslo | 100% | 4 240.5 | 2 906.2 | (1 389.0) | (1 716.9) |
| Petroleum Geo-Services AS | Oslo | 100% | 1 286.3 | 1 286.3 | - | - |
| Petroleum Geo-Services Asia Pacific Pte. Ltd. | Singapore | 100% | 149.4 | 128.7 | (33.3) | (12.2) |
| Petroleum Geo-Services (UK) Ltd. | London | 100% | 679.5 | 652.7 | (90.8) | (119.1) |
| PGS Falcon AS | Oslo | 100% | - | (485.5) | (709.4) | (1 024.5) |
| Multiklient Invest AS | Oslo | 100% | 10.0 | 1 190.3 | - | 158.2 |
| Seahouse Insurance Ltd. | Bermuda | 100% | 27.6 | 83.0 | - | 12.4 |
| PGS Japan K.K. | Japan | 100% | 0.6 | 45.6 | - | 5.4 |
| PGS Geophysical Nigeria Ltd. | Nigeria | 100% | - | (35.5) | - | (6.5) |
| PGS EM Ltd. | Scotland | 100% | - | (947.0) | - | (67.6) |
| Petroleum Geo-Services, Inc. | Houston | 100% | - | (424.4) | - | (20.4) |
| PGS Australia Pty Ltd | Perth | 100% | - | (573.2) | - | (96.0) |
| PGS Venezuela de C.A. | Venezuela | 100% | - | - | - | - |
| PGS Suporte Logistico e Servicios Ltda. (c) | Brazil | 26% | 84.9 | 20.3 | (207.5) | (30.5) |
| PT Petroprima Geo-Servis Nusantara | Indonesia | 93% | - | (109.5) | - | (44.4) |
| PGS Imaging S.A. de C.V. | Mexico | 100% | - | (34.1) | - | (0.6) |
| PGS Data Processing Middle East SAE (Egypt) | Egypt | 98% | 7.1 | 21.7 | - | 19.8 |
| Total | 6 486.0 | (2 430.0) |
(a) Voting rights are equivalent to shareholding for all companies.
(b) The numbers are preliminary and statutory audit has not been completed.
(c) The remaining shareholding is held by Geophysical AS.
In 2020, in addition to the NOK 2,430.0 million impairment of shares in subsidiaries, PGS ASA recognized net impairment charges on intercompany receivables totaling NOK 552.0 million, compared to net impairment charges of NOK 322.3 million in 2019.
As of December 31, 2020, PGS ASA has accumulated impairment charges related to shares in subsidiaries and intercompany receivables totaling NOK 18.5 billion and NOK 2.5 billion, respectively.
For additional information on impairment of shares in subsidiaries and intercompany receivables, see note 1.
The Group has a cash pool agreement where PGS ASA is Group Account holder and specific Norwegian and UK companies are participants with notional bank accounts. PGS ASA as the owner of the cash pool is the owner to the cash in the cash pool, whilst cash on participants notional accounts are a receivable on PGS ASA or an overdraft on the nominal account is a payable to PGS ASA.
Restricted cash consists of:
| December 31, | ||
|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 2019 | |
| 1.2 | 1.1 | |
| 1.2 | 1.1 | |
Changes in shareholders' equity for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 are as follows:
| Paid-in capital | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of NOK) | Common stock | Own shares, par value |
Additional paid-in capital |
Other equity | Shareholders' equity |
| Balance as of January 1, 2019 | 1 015.7 | (0.0) | 5 227.6 | (1 756.6) | 4 486.7 |
| Employee benefit plans | - | - | (5.6) | - | (5.6) |
| Employee share options recharged to subsidiaries | - | - | 28.0 | - | 28.0 |
| Interest rate swaps (net of tax) | - | - | - | 17.4 | 17.4 |
| Actuarial gains and losses charged to equity (net of tax) | - | - | - | (0.1) | (0.1) |
| Net income (loss) | - | - | - | (19.5) | (19.5) |
| Balance as of December 31, 2019 | 1 015.7 | (0.0) | 5 250.1 | (1 758.8) | 4 507.0 |
| Share issue | 145.9 | - | 682.1 | - | 828.0 |
| Employee benefit plans | - | - | 1.9 | - | 1.9 |
| Employee share options recharged to subsidiaries | - | - | 24.2 | - | 24.2 |
| Interest rate swaps (net of tax) | - | - | - | (31.6) | (31.6) |
| Actuarial gains and losses charged to equity (net of tax) | - | - | - | (0.8) | (0.8) |
| Net income (loss) | - | - | - | (3 054.9) | (3 054.9) |
| Balance as of December 31, 2020 | 1 161.6 | (0.0) | 5 958.3 | (4 846.1) | 2 273.8 |
As of December 31, 2019 the share capital was NOK 1 015 739 988 divided into 338 579 996 shares of par value NOK 3 each, all fully paid.
On February 13, 2020, the extraordinary general meeting in PGS ASA approved to issue 48 627 000 new shares following a private placement raising approximately NOK 850 million as equity (approximately \$95 million), less transaction costs of NOK 22.0 million. On February 14, 2020, the registered share capital in the Company was increased to NOK 1 161 620 988 comprising of 387 206 996 shares, each with a nominal value of NOK 3 all fully paid.
All shares have equal voting rights and are entitled to dividends. Distribution of PGS ASA's equity is dependent upon the approval of the shareholders, and the ability to make distributions is limited by certain debt covenants and Norwegian Corporate Law (see note 9 and note 21 to the consolidated financial statements). A listing of PGS ASA's largest shareholders is provided in note 27 to the consolidated financial statements.
Non-current debt consists of the following:
| December 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of NOK) | 2020 | 2019 | |
| Secured: | |||
| Term loan B, Libor + 250 Basis points, due 2021 | 17.1 | 3 312.5 | |
| Term loan B, Libor + 6-700 basis points (linked to total leverage ratio ("TLR"), due 2024 | 4 448.6 | - | |
| Revolving credit facility, due Sep 2020 | 1 155.7 | 1 581.6 | |
| Revolving credit facility, due Sep 2023 | 1 836.2 | - | |
| Unsecured: | |||
| Senior notes, Coupon 7.375%, due 2020 | - | 1 862.7 | |
| Total | 7 457.6 | 6 756.8 | |
| Less current portion | (7 295.7) | (3 479.4) | |
| Less deferred loan costs, net of debt premiums | (161.9) | (20.6) | |
| Total non-current interest bearing debt | - | 3 256.7 |
| December 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of NOK) | 2020 | 2019 | |
| Secured: | |||
| Revolving credit facility | - | 1 493.7 | |
| Unsecured: | |||
| Bank facility (NOK 50 mill) | - | 50.0 | |
| Performance bond | 194.9 | 84.4 | |
| Total | 194.9 | 1 628.0 |
At December 31, 2020, the Company had \$522.4 million outstanding under the Term Loan and \$350.0 million outstanding under the Revolving Facility. For additional information see note 21 in the Group Financial Statements.
Due to the dramatic negative market change caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, PGS renegotiated its main credit agreements extending its near-term debt maturities and amortization profiles to support its liquidity position. Reference is made to the description of rescheduling of debt below in note 21 in the Group Financial Statement. As of December 31, 2020, all interest-bearing debt is classified as current pending completion of final agreements on debt rescheduling. Upon execution of the rescheduling agreements, the re-classification is expected to be reversed.
On December 23, 2016, the Company issued \$212.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 7.375% Senior Notes due 2020 as part of the Exchange Offer in an offering that was not subject to the registration requirements of the U.S. Securities Act. The New Notes were admitted to listing on the Official List of the Luxembourg Stock Exchange and to trading on the Euro MTF market of the Luxembourg Stock Exchange.
On February 7, 2020 the Senior Notes were called for redemption and were repaid in full at par value plus accrued interest on February 18, 2020.
Fair values of financial instruments
The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accrued revenues and other receivables, other current assets, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate their respective fair values because of the short maturities of those instruments. PGS ASA disclose the hierarchy of how fair value is determined for financial instruments recorded at fair value in the financial statements as follows:
The fair values of the long-term debt instruments, forward exchange contracts and interest rate swaps are estimated using quotes obtained from dealers in such financial instruments or latest quoted prices or indexes at Reuters or Bloomberg. Where market prices are not observed or quotes from dealers are not obtained, an indirect method is used by use of implied credit spread from debt instrument with similar risk characteristics.
The nominal value, estimated fair values of debt and derivatives instruments including how fair value is determined are summarized as follows:
| December 31, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of NOK) | Nominal value |
Fair value |
Nominal value |
Fair value |
| Financial assets | ||||
| At fair value through profit and loss | ||||
| Foreign exchange contracts | - | - | 11.4 | 11.4 |
| Derivatives designated as hedging instruments | ||||
| Interest rate swaps | - | - | - | - |
| Total | - | - | 11.4 | 11.4 |
| December 31, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of NOK) | Nominal value |
Fair value |
Nominal value |
Fair value |
| Financial liabilities | ||||
| Financial liabilities at amortised cost | ||||
| Debt with fixed interest rate | - | - | (1 862.7) | (1 810.4) |
| Debt with variable interest rate | (7 457.6) | (6 694.0) | (4 894.1) | (4 687.0) |
| At fair value through profit and loss | ||||
| Foreign exchange contracts | - | - | (1.8) | (1.8) |
| Interest rate swaps | - | - | (20.2) | (20.2) |
| Derivatives designated as hedging instruments | ||||
| Interest rate swaps | (57.3) | (57.3) | - | - |
| Foreign exchange contracts | - | - | (1.8) | (1.8) |
| Total | (7 514.9) | (6 751.3) | (6 780.5) | (6 521.2) |
The Company is subject to interest rate risk on debt, including finance leases. The risk is managed by using a combination of fixed -and variable rate debt, together with interest rate swaps, where appropriate, to fix or lower the borrowing costs.
| December 31, 2020 | December 31, 2019 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of NOK) | Notional amounts |
Weighted average interest rate |
Notional amounts |
Weighted average interest rate |
|
| Debt at fixed interest rate | - | - | (1 862.7) | 7.38% | |
| Debt at variable interest rate based on US dollar plus a margin | (5 534.2) | 6.89% | (3 795.8) | 4.79% | |
| Variable interest rate debt with interest fixed | (1 923.4) | 1.93% | (1 098.3) | 2.38% |
The Company is responsible for funding of its subsidiaries and liquidity risk is not materially different from the consolidated group. For liquidity risk exposure refer to the consolidated financial statements.
Other non-current liabilities consist of:
| December 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| (In millions of NOK) | 2020 | 2019 | |
| Unrealized loss hedge contracts (note 10) | 57.7 | 20.5 | |
| Pension liability (note 12) | 21.7 | 22.2 | |
| Other non-current liabilities | 0.9 | 0.5 | |
| Total | 80.3 | 43.2 |
PGS ASA is required to maintain a pension plan in accordance with the Norwegian Pension Benefit Act. The pension plans of PGS ASA comply with the requirements set forth in the Norwegian Pension Benefit Act.
In 2014 the defined benefit pension plan for the Norwegian employees was terminated and the participants were transferred to the defined contribution plan. The assets and liabilities relating to the defined benefit pension plan were de-recognized.
As described in note 30 to the consolidated financial statements there is an early retirement plan for the CEO and one executive officer allowing for termination of employment without cause when they reach the age of 62 and providing certain defined benefits from the date of retirement and until reaching the age of 67. Two employees in PGS ASA are in this plan. The plan is accounted for as a defined benefit obligation and is not funded.
The aggregate funded status of the plan and amounts recognized in other non-current liabilities (see note 11) is as follows:
| Year ended December 31, | |
|---|---|
| (In millions of NOK) | 2020 2019 |
| Service cost | 1.3 1.4 |
| Interest cost | 0.4 0.5 |
| Payroll tax | 0.2 0.2 |
| Net periodic pension cost | 1.9 2.0 |
The aggregate funded status of the plan and amounts recognized in other non-current liabilities (see note 11) is as follows:
| (In millions of NOK) | December 31, | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 2019 | ||
| Projected benefit obligations | 19.0 | 19.5 | |
| Accrued payroll tax | 2.7 | 2.7 | |
| Net pension liability | 21.7 | 22.2 |
The accumulated actuarial gains recognized in other equity are as follows:
| (In millions of NOK) | December 31, | |
|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 2019 | |
| Accumulated actuarial gains | 11.9 | 12.7 |
| Deferred tax | - | - |
| Accumulated actuarial gains recognized in other equity | 11.9 | 12.7 |
Assumptions used to determine benefit obligations:
| December 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 2019 | ||
| Discount rate | 1.70% | 2.30% | |
| Compensation increase | 2.25% | 2.25% |
The defined contribution plan was established in 2005, and PGS ASA's contributions to this plan for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 was NOK 0.2 million and NOK 0.2 million, respectively.
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consist of the following:
| (In millions of NOK) | December 31, | |
|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 2019 | |
| Accrued unrealized loss on hedging (note 10) | - | 3.8 |
| Foreign taxes | 0.9 | 0.8 |
| Account payables | 61.7 | 64.5 |
| Accrued employee benefits | 2.4 | 2.5 |
| Accrued interest expense | 6.0 | 8.7 |
| Other | 1.5 | 11.1 |
| Total | 72.5 | 91.5 |
Salary and social expenses that are included in cost of sales and selling and general and administrative costs consist of:
| (In millions of NOK) | Year ended December 31, | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 2019 | ||
| Salaries and bonus | 17.8 | 16.3 | |
| Social security | 2.3 | 2.7 | |
| Pension | 3.0 | 3.1 | |
| Other benefits | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
| Total | 23.6 | 22.6 |
As of December 31, 2020, PGS ASA had 2 employees. Man-years for the year 2020 were 2, same as for the year 2019. The salary cost includes fees to the board of directors amounting to NOK 4.7 million and NOK 4.2 million for the year 2019 and 2020 respectively.
For a full listing of Board of Directors, CEO and Other Executive Officers and their compensation, see note 30 to the consolidated financial statements.
PGS ASA has not provided loans or guarantees to the Board of Directors, CEO or Other Executive Officers as of December 31, 2020.
The Restricted Stock Unit programs ("RSU") awarded under long term incentive plans ("LTI Plans") approved by the AGM in 2015, 2016 and 2017, requires the participant's continued employment with the company (or a subsidiary) and is settled three years after grant. Upon settlement, the participant will receive at no charge a number of shares in the Company which equals the number of RSUs awarded.
In 2015, 2016 and 2017 the company also granted Performance based Restricted Stock Units ("PRSU") as approved by the respective years' AGM. In 2018, 2019 and 2020, the company only awarded PRSUs. Settlement of the PRSUs granted and subsequent transfer of shares to the eligible employee will take place three years after the grant subject to the Company achieving a satisfactory Total Shareholder Return ("TSR") compared to the companies in LTI Comparator Group" adjusted for dividends.
See note 29 to the consolidated financial statements for further information on the share option programs, RSU's and PRSU's.
For the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, PGS ASA recorded compensation costs of NOK 3.5 million and NOK 3.5 million, respectively, recognized in additional paid-in capital. During 2020, the company settled RSU's by cash. Equity was correspondingly decreased with 1.6 million. Total net unrecognized compensation cost as of December 31, 2020 was NOK 24.9 million related to PRSU's, which is expected to be recognized over a period of 3 years.
Fees for audit and other services provided by PGS ASA's auditor EY who was elected in May 2014, are as follows (exclusive VAT and inclusive out of pocket expenses):
| (In millions of NOK) | Year ended December 31, |
|---|---|
| 2020 2019 |
|
| Audit fees | 4.8 4.7 |
| Fees for tax services (a) | 0.2 0.2 |
| All other fees | - 0.1 |
| Total | 5.0 5.0 |
(a) Include fees for tax filing services and other tax assistance.
PGS has renegotiated its main credit agreements to extend near-term debt maturities and amortization profiles to preserve liquidity. On February 2, 2021 a UK Scheme of Arrangement (the "Scheme") was sanctioned by an English court allowing the implementation of the financing transaction with main terms as listed below (the "Transaction"). The Scheme had support of lenders to the RCF/TLB facilities representing 95.3% by value of debt and 99.5% by number of creditors voting. The Transaction closed with effect February 9, 2021.
With the Transaction PGS extended its current near-term maturity and amortization profile under its RCF/TLB and ECF facilities by approximately two years.
In Q1 2021 PGS ASA contributed the majority of its assets and liabilities to its 100% owned subsidiary Petroleum Geo-Services AS. Petroleum Geo-Services AS is replacing PGS ASA as the Norwegian borrower, PGS Finance Inc. continues as US Borrower and PGS Holding II Ltd enters as UK Co-Borrower. The TLB facility is guaranteed by all material subsidiaries except PGS Titans AS, holding the four titan-class vessels financed by four export credit loans. PGS ASA will also guarantee the loans financing for the Ramform Titan and the Ramform Atlas, and each of PGS Holding I Ltd, PGS Holding II Ltd and Petroleum Geo-Services AS will guarantee for the loans financing for the Ramform Titan, Ramform Atlas, Ramform Tethys and Ramform Hyperion.
The main terms of the Transaction include:
Reference is made to the description in note 21 to the consolidated financial statements.

Statsautoriserte revisorer Ernst & Young AS
Dronning Eufemias gate 6A, NO-0191 Oslo Postboks 1156 Sentrum, NO-0107 Oslo
Foretaksregisteret: NO 976 389 387 MVA Tlf: +47 24 00 24 00
www.ey.no Medlemmer av Den norske revisorforening
To the Annual Shareholders' Meeting of PGS ASA
We have audited the financial statements of PGS ASA comprising the financial statements of the parent company and the Group. The financial statements of the parent company comprise the statements of financial position as at 31 December 2020, the statements of profit and loss and cash flows for the year then ended and notes to the financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies. The consolidated financial statements comprise the balance sheet as at 31 December 2020, the consolidated statements of profit and loss, comprehensive income, cash flows and changes in shareholders' equity for the year then ended and notes to the financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies.
In our opinion,
We conducted our audit in accordance with laws, regulations, and auditing standards and practices generally accepted in Norway, including International Standards on Auditing (ISAs). Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor's responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the Company and the Group in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in Norway, and we have fulfilled our ethical responsibilities as required by law and regulations. We have also complied with our other ethical obligations in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.
Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our audit of the financial statements for 2020. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters. For each matter below, our description of how our audit addressed the matter is provided in that context.
We have fulfilled the responsibilities described in the Auditor's responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report, including in relation to these matters. Accordingly, our audit included the performance of procedures designed to respond to our assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements. The results of our audit procedures, including the procedures performed to address the matters below, provide the basis for our audit opinion on the financial statements.

Vessels and related seismic equipment account for \$832.4 million or approximately 40 % of total assets of the Group as of 31 December 2020. The Group performed impairment tests to determine the recoverable amounts and recorded an impairment loss of \$107.4 million during the year. The evaluation is sensitive to forward looking assumptions. As there are limited remaining headroom, negative changes to these assumptions would increase the impairment further.
Management has identified impairment indicators, including continued operating losses, low spending on seismic activities by customers, vessels taken out of operations and reduction in share price. The Group assessed the recoverable amount by determining value in use for each vessel. Estimating the value in use requires management judgment when estimating future revenues, operating expenses, growth rates, useful lives and capital expenditures and determining the discount rate. Management's impairment evaluation is a key audit matter due to the multiple variables and the significant management judgement involved in estimating future cash flows in the continued uncertain market conditions.
Our procedures included assessing the assumptions and methods used by management in the impairment evaluation. We tested the key assumptions and underlying data by comparing them to external market information and historical data, and by analyzing sensitivities. We also assessed the historical accuracy of management's estimates and tested the mathematical accuracy of the impairment model. We involved a valuation specialist to assist us in evaluating the calculation and components of the applied discount rate. We also assessed the disclosures regarding the assumptions applied by management and verified the arithmetical accuracy of the sensitivity analysis disclosed in Note 3.
We refer to notes 3, 8 and 17 of the consolidated financial statements.
MultiClient library accounts for \$616.1 million or approximately 29 % of total assets of the Group as of 31 December 2020. The Group performed impairment testing to determine value in use and recorded an impairment loss of \$34.9 million in 2020.
Management has identified impairment indicators, including low spending on seismic activities by customers and reduction in share price. The Group uses forecasts of future sales when determining value in use. These forecasts are based on budgets and assumptions, thus requiring considerable insight and judgment by management about future market conditions and spending on exploration and production by oil companies, including licensing activities and farm-ins. Impairment evaluation of MultiClient library is a key audit matter due to the significant management judgment involved and the continued uncertain market conditions.
We evaluated management's assessment of impairment indicators for the MultiClient library. Our audit procedures included inquiries of management, including senior sales personnel and test of controls. Our audit procedures also included analyses and evaluation of historical accuracy of prior year's forecast. We further evaluated the assumptions used in the sales forecasting process based on the current market situation, expectations about oil prices, licensing rounds and exploration activities. Furthermore, we considered the valuation methodology and the discount rate applied in the value in use model. We also tested the mathematical accuracy of the value in use calculations and performed sensitivity analysis of key assumptions. We used a valuation specialist to assist us in evaluating the calculation and components of the applied discount rate. We also assessed the Group's disclosures regarding those assumptions and the recorded impairment losses of MultiClient library.
We refer to notes 3 and 8 of the consolidated financial statements.

Other information consists of the information included in the Company's annual report other than the financial statements and our auditor's report thereon. The Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer (management) are responsible for the other information. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information, and we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.
In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information, and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If, based on the work we have performed on the other information obtained prior to the date of the auditor's report, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard.
Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these financial statements in accordance with the Norwegian Accounting Act and accounting standards and practices generally accepted in Norway for the financial statements of the parent company and International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the EU for the financial statements of the Group, and for such internal control as management determines is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
In preparing the financial statements, management is responsible for assessing the Company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting, unless management either intends to liquidate the Company or to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so.
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor's report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.
As part of an audit in accordance with law, regulations and generally accepted auditing principles in Norway, including ISAs, we exercise professional judgment and maintain professional scepticism throughout the audit. We also
Independent auditor's report - PGS ASA

We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit.
We also provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have complied with relevant ethical requirements regarding independence, and communicate with them all relationships and other matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related safeguards.
From the matters communicated with those charged with governance, we determine those matters that were of most significance in the audit of the financial statements of the current period and are therefore the key audit matters. We describe these matters in our auditor's report unless law or regulation precludes public disclosure about the matter or when, in extremely rare circumstances, we determine that a matter should not be communicated in our report because the adverse consequences of doing so would reasonably be expected to outweigh the public interest benefits of such communication.
Based on our audit of the financial statements as described above, it is our opinion that the information presented in the Board of Directors' report and in the statements on corporate governance and corporate social responsibility concerning the financial statements, the going concern assumption and proposal for the allocation of the result is consistent with the financial statements and complies with the law and regulations.
Based on our audit of the financial statements as described above, and control procedures we have considered necessary in accordance with the International Standard on Assurance Engagements (ISAE) 3000, «Assurance Engagements Other than Audits or Reviews of Historical Financial Information», it is our opinion that management has fulfilled its duty to ensure that the Company's accounting information is properly recorded and documented as required by law and bookkeeping standards and practices accepted in Norway.
Oslo, 23 February 2021 ERNST & YOUNG AS
The auditor's report is signed electronically
Petter Frode Larsen State Authorised Public Accountant

PGS Digital Transformation

Building tools?
Free accounts include 100 API calls/year for testing.
Have a question? We'll get back to you promptly.